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1 -I- ■«--1- - ■ ' - - 1 -*■ 1 I ■ -i- ■ .. ' I'l -■* - -■— iiu-fl; .■ JH". ■'■l'. ' . j M ■ '!!■ m , WILLIAM E. JONES & Co. AUGUSTA, Ga., FRIDAY AUGUST 23, P 639. **-/ VoJ. 111. \ ~ " —— == - - _— THK WK.KKLY CHUOKICLK AND SKN lINEL m pi DLt«iirn kt Three Dollars per annum In advance At No. 2GI Broad street. CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL. Al ! (i II S T A . FRIDAY MORNING, AUGUST 1 »i. FOR GOVERNOR, CIIAK I. E S 1> «U<;IIE KT Y , OF CLAHK CoI*NTT. ‘‘Our p ditical prospects from the indications u( public opinion, arc. as far as 1 can judge, favora ble. Judge Dougherty is charged, and the report is circulated to his injury, with having signed the memorial praying the interference ot the Legis lature, in favor of the proposed “15 gallon law. It is however, untrue, and it becomes the duty of the press as well as of his friends, to remove this impression at least, as the public mind is peculiar ly sensitive upon the subject.” The above is an extract from a letter from a friend in the country. Wc presume it is but simple justice to both the candidates for Governor, to say that neither of them have signed the anti retail memorials to the Legislature. W hatever 1 may be their opinions, (and we do not know the opinion of either) standing as they do belore the people, it would he manifestly improper tor them to do so. The successful candidate will he a co ordinate branch of the government with the Le gislature, and should not therefore do any thing to influence the action of the Legislature. The .N orfolk Beacon states that the following vessels of war are lilting out at the Navy Y ard» at that place. Frigate Brandywine, Com. Bol ton. destined for the Mediterranean; Sloop of war York Town, recently launched, and the Sc hr. Grampus, Lt. Com. Paine, for West Indies. The frigate Potomac is in the Dry Dock undergoing repairs. The packet ship Duchess of Orleans, which sailed from New York, for Havre, on Friday, the 9th, took out $90,000 in specie. The York Express of Saturday says:—There is no new feature in the Money Market, except that Specie has fallen, Mexican dollars only command 1 per ct., and half dollars h per ct., — Gold bears little or no premium. More disposi tion is manifested to invest in Stocks ;o day, and things appear a little easier, although they arc exceedingly close. Our friend of the Petersburg Intelligencer has very properly brought to notice an extraordinary paragraph in the last Enquirer in reference to Mr. • lay. It is nothing less than an exultation on the part of that print, that the Abolitionists of the North have g*ren Mr. Clay some trouble about his views on slavery / What will not an unscrupulous ‘sinker or swimmer** do to prove his fealty to power ? —Richmond Whig. From the P+lrrsUttr" lit ell i eenm-. 1 31 r. Cay. The people of the South have been coaxed and persuaded by every artful manner of means, through the columns of the Richmond Enquirer, to act on the belief that the Abolitionists of the North would not support the re-election of Mr Van Buren, “ the Northern man with Southern principles.” No doubt those artful means, such as suppressing Mr. Clay’s great speech against the wild ami ferocious designs of those fanatics, have been successful in very many inst incus. But the truth is mighty and will prevail. The Abolitionists will support Mr. Van Buren, or they will tike no part in the election. Thcv will not support Mr. Clay. We thank Mr. Ritchie for unwittingly furnishing his readers with the full >wing item of intelligence: p n r p p Sy Sf- Sf Q Q “In the meantime, the Abolitionists arc giving the orator same trouble. Whilst he was at Ro chester, some of the most prominent ‘Whig’ Ah- ' olitionists addressed him a letter, expressing the deepest regret at his views on the subject of sla- I very, as publicly explained, and requesting to j know how he could reconcile his notions with j the principles of flu* Declaration of Indepen- 1 deuce.— li/iq. (3 '5 .'3 3 fc From Havana.— Captain Pedersen, of the brig Patsy B. Blount, arrived this morning from Havana, reports that on the 30th of July, a Spanish slave schooner arrived at Havana, a prize to 11. B. M. brig Strike. The vessel was captured on the 3d of July, at which time she had 175 slaves on hoard. They were landed at Jam lira, and the schooner brought to Havana for trial.— V. Y. Cum. Adv. WlllTlNT. FOR THE PIUSS The Pittsburg Advocate recommends to those who write for the press the observance of the following rule s. \\ o copy them because they arealike applicable in this quarter. Disregard of them often impo-isadeat of unnecessary trouble on publisher and their workmen, and it occasionally happens that manu scripts are sent in a shape so totally unlit for the printer's hands, that they are, for that reason alone, thrown under the table; “Every word, the sense of which is not per fectly obvious, should lie so written that every t letter will show for itself. This should be parti- j eiilarlv obseived in writing proper names. An : observance of this ru’e will secure the author j against the vexation of having his article im or- I redly copied, and. what to a conscientious man ! will Ik* an equally strong inducement, it will \ save the compositor a great deal of time and trou- } bit*—the first of which is money to bin. and of I lie second he has plenty, without finding it in liecyphering hieroglyphics. 2. W ile only on one side of the paper so that it ein lwdivided if found necessary. 3. Run- lu ition ought to be either correct or not attempted ; the vilianous habit some writers have of dashing their productions is a great bore to a printer. If the writer cannot do it as it might to Ik* done, |v„* had belter leave it altoge ther to the compositor 4. Abbreviations ought to be avoided, as some compositors are very apt to ‘-follow copy/’ as it n technically ralba’f. This is more particularly applicable to advertisements. An observance ot these rules will enable us nil. rout id aitom and printers, to get along more pleasantly. Chief Justice Marshall was transferred from political life to the bench. He had been a mem ber of < ’oiigress, a member of the A irgima As sembly, a Foreign Minister, and a Seen Jury of Hlate to the United Stales. But from llir mo ment he pul on the judicial robe, he disappeared f never from the political arena.— Huston Cour ier, The laws of Louisiana place the husband and wife upon equal grounds. They give to each the control of their properly and to tin* survivor the right of dower in the property of the deceas ed. LL B 11 sII 111 HI Til i 11 2Tl mg 11 II 11 H I ■ ■■■ »■■■ - From the National Intelligencer. 31r, Clay ami Abolition. We find the annexed very interesting Idler in the Norfolk Herald. It was in reply to one ad dressed to Mr. ( lay by a committee of the Whigs of Naiiseiiiond county, Va. enclosing-a resolution declaring “that the gallant stand of the ooulhern Wiiig members of Uie late Congress of the 1 idl ed Stales, and particularly the efforts of Messrs. I lay. ot the Senate, Stanley, of North Carolina, Prentiss, of Mississippi, and Wise, of Virginia, of the House of Representatives, to expose and check the fell demon of Abolition, entitle them to the cordial thanks and gratitude of the friend - of peace and good order throughout the whole Southern country.” Ashland, Mat 25. 1539. Gentlemen ; 1 duly received the letter which you did me the honor to address to me, transmit ting u copy of a resolution adopted at a meeting of lho Whigs of Nansomoud county, recently held. W hilsi I but too sensibly feel that they have placed an estimate entirely too high and Haltering upon my capacity and upon the public services which I have been able to render, it affords me very great satisfaction to learn that 1 have been ho fortunate as to obtain their approbation ; and I request you to communicate to those whom you represent my respectful and grateful ackuow 1- edgements for Lie sentiments of respect and vs teem with an expression of which they have honored me. At the session of Congress prior to the last, I presented resolutions to the •Senate tombing the institution of domestic slavery, embracing all Ihe principles applicable to tin* subject, the mainte nance of which appeared to me necessary to the security ot property, the stability of our system of general government. anJ harmony among the States of the Union. At the last session of Con gress, the ultra Abolitionists had presented them selves under a new and alarming aspect. Instead of restricting their exertions to moral persuasion, addressed to the consciences of si iveholders, keeping aloof from parties and politics, as they originally professed to he their intention, they had openly proclaimed their purpose to enter the political arena, and, denouncing all who did not adopt their dogmas and agree with them, to force their principles and their men by tlie aid of the ballot box. _ It required but little f uesight to discern the frightful consequences which would result from this change of their pos tion, if tliev should succeed. The Union would he first con vulsed throughout, and finally broken into frag ments. I thought, therefore, at the last session, that the lime was suitable to warn the country of the designs and oHorts; and hence the speech which has commended itself to the approbation ot the W bigs of Nansemond. That speech is but an expansion of the argument embodied in the resolutions of the previous session. And I shall be most happy if it should contribute any thing towards arresting th • mad career of these misguided men. and towards preserving the Un ion. which is the surest guaranty of all the high privileges which we enjoy. In the Constitution of that Union there is not a solitary provision, fairly interpreted and fairly administered, which authorizes any interference ot Congress with domestic slavery as it exists in the United States. There is not one, relating to the subject, which does not recognise and treat slaves as lawful properly, or look to the safety and security of that property. The clause which fixes the representation in lire popular branch of Congress establishes a ratio founded upon the acknowledged existence of slave States, slaves are assumed to he lawful property. On the occasion of the imposition of a direct tax to prosecute the i .*»■«• wrrli Orcat I nxrrttrr Congress as slaves , and their proprietors paid the tax accordingly. The provision whu h secures the surrender of fugitive slaves to their owners of course admits that they arc legitimate property, and was intended to preserve peace and harmony among the •States. 1 have seen, with inexpressi ble surprise and deep regret, that it h is been con tended not only that this conservative stipula tion may he evaded, but that it is even meritori ous to violate it. Meritorious to violate an ex press injunction of that which many of us are solemnly sworn, and all are hound faith -1 fully to support! If any citizens of the United •States, who object to a particular part of the Constitution, may elude and disregard it. other citizens, dissatisfied with other parts, have an c [ual right to violate them; and universal nulli fication of the sacred instrument would be the necessary consequence. I agree with you, gentlemen, in most of what ! you say in regerd to the present condition of our j public affairs. In contemplating it there is much i to depress, but, I rejoice to say, much also to an j imatc and encourage the genuine patriot, and to I stimulate his most energetic exertion. New and j alarming principles, dangerous practices, great • abuses, and extensive corruption, have been in j trod need into the general administration during 1 the few last years. I have witnessed their pro gress with profound regret and deep mortification. But sentiments of despair are never to be indul ged as to lire fortunes or fate of the republic. An enlightened and virtuous people require onlv to be convinced of the evil to apply an efficacious remedy ; and this conviction is forcing itself up on them, in spite of all the eilorts which have been made and arc making to deceive and betray them. ! thank you, gentlemen, cordially, for the friendly and flattering manner in which you have executed the commission assigned to vou hv the Whigs of Nansemond, ami request you to Ue as sured of the sentiments of esteem and regard with which I am. faithfully. Your friend and obedient servant, H. CLAY. M essrs. John (’. UnrMi*, Tiios. 11. I*, (iuoii win, and John (’. Coiioo.v, &c. &c. The Mobile papers announce the death of the Hon. Henry Hitchcock , a distinguished citi zen jof that place, and one of the mast eminent j jurists of Alabama. Ho died of the yi How fever, j The Merchants and Planters* Journal, says:— “The death of Judge Hitchcock has cast a very heavy gloom o er the city —not only from ! the particular loss of a citizen filling so wide a ! space in the community, and so high a station in | their esteem, but from the circumstances of hi -1 death, which are ominous of disasu-r. II is dis ease was yellow fever of the most unequivocal kind—a fact which it is a public duly lor us t » promulgate. Then* were during a few days pre v.ous, other suspicious cascs—some ol them hardly more questionable, but Ins is one likely from his station, habits. long residence, and. care fulness, and the abundance of his means tor tin* belli medical preventives and attendm- #*, to spread alarms for the future. Our readers at home and abroad, will see in it Just grounds for apprehension, though not enough to enabl idem t • pronounce p isilively that the epidemic has fixed itself upon ti>, yet sufficient to call tor the use of all proper caution and preparation.” Crops in I ouisiaim. 'Pile New (Menus Pullet.n, of the 9lb, says;— The country mail received yesterday, contains cheering accounts of the progress of the cotton. Information has lieen rece.ved from several of the largest parishes in the stale, whii-Ti warrants the confident anticipation of a handsome yield. The* •nly fear, seems to Ik* the continuance ot heavy rains. The abundant shower* which b.re fallen within the las! two weiks, have sufficed to quiek -1 en the growth of this staple. More would be positively detrimental. Should the reasonable hopes of the. planters he verified, the Colton crop of our stale for l«30, will he very large. ■ it - i•• mi- SATURDAY MORNING, AUGUST 17. i Worse uml Worse—rennessee Outdone. Indiana has elected six out seven Adrninis * (ration members of Congress, Two years ago j there were six Whigs and one Van Bnrenite. From Kentucky wc learn that Graves has pro * bahly been re-elected to Congress—Hawes, do. I both VVbigs.and that Southgate, Whig, has been , defeated. The news is however not positive. r : // j' Dr. Ambler, the inventor of the machine* which we noticed a few days ago, for reeling silk , has left at our office some handsome specimens of . sewing silk, manufactured by himself, for the in ■ spectioii of those who feel an interest in the busi ness. .\s much has been said of late ab*ut the opin , ions ot Mr. Clay, on the subjects of the Taritl and internal improvement, and as he will prolu bly be n candidate for the Presidency, it is bu* | J ust that bis views upon those subjects should b laid before the people, who are to decide upon his claims. It will he seen that he expresses no desire whatever to revive high tariff duties, and will he satisfied if llie compromise upon that suh i ject be maintained inviolate; and that in his opinion the necessity of making internal improve ments by the General Government, is entirely superseded by the works undertaken by individu als and States. “During the progress of that war, as in the war of the revolution, cut off from the usual sup plies of European fabrics, our armies and our ’ population generally were subjected to extreme privations and sufferings. It appeared to me. upon its termination, that llu wisdom of govern ment was called upon to guard against the recur rence of the evil, and to place the security and prosperity of the country upon a sure basis. Hence I concurred, most heartily, in the policy oi protecting American manufactures, for a lim ited time, against foreign competition. Whatev er diversify of opinion may have existed as to the propriety of that policy originally, I think that all candid men must now admit that it has placed this country at least half a century in ad vance of the position in which it would have been, without its adoption. The value of a home as well as a foreign market, is incalculable. It may be illustrated by a single example. JSup |»osc the three hundred thousand hales of cotton now manufactured in the United Stales, were thrown in the glutted market of Europe, who can estimate the reduc ion in the price of that great staple, which would he the inevitable conse quence 1 The compromise of the tariff was proposed to preserve our manufactures from impending ruin menaced by the administration of Gen. Jackson, and which would av« rt from the Union the threatened danger of civil war If the compro mise be inviolably maintained, as I think it ought to be, I trust that the rate of duty for which it it provides, in conjunction with the stipulation for cash duties, home valuations, and the lons list of free articles, inserted fur the benefit of the manufacturing interest, will ensure it reason able and adequate protection. Intimately connected with the strength, the prosperity, and the I nim of our country was that policy ol Internal Improvements of which - yr... —r r. road and the great canal, projected or executed by your Clinton, both having the same object of connecting the ea-tern anti western portions «d the Union, have diffused a spirit throughout the hovi which has impelled several States to under take tin* accomplishment of in «st of the works which ought to he performed by the present gen- ' oration. And after the distribution of the large ' s»l-pius recently made from the common treasury, but little now remains for the general govern- 1 uienl directly to do, on this great subject, except j those works which are intended to provide, on i navigable waters, for the security of commerce an*! navigation, and the completion of the Umn- j herland Road. I have hern very glad, during mv voyage upon ; this Lake, to find that an erroneous impression had existed in mv mind as to the improvi ment of harbors. I had feared that the expenditure of public money had been often wasteful and unne cessary upon work on the lake shores. There are probably, a few instances in which it might have been properly avoided ; but I am now fullv persuaded that, in general, the expenditure has been necessary, wise and salutary ” The Strangers’ Fever in Charleston. i be Charleston Courier of yesterday savs : •It has been to us, that it would be proper to contradict the numerous exaggerated reports with regard to the progress and fatality of this disease, that are alloat throughout the coun ■ try. Letters from abroad, slate that rumors ot llhy and sixty deaths a day, are current, and wc o jpasiouallv see it paragraphed in the northern * prints, that “the Yellow Fever is making horrible * ravages in Charleston. Now, we have no hesitation in acknowledging I that our city is afilicled with an epidemic, and that there have been and now are many rases of fever, hut the disease is not more fatal than usual, and the total number of deaths from this cause, since its commencement, has l»oen less than fifty, fifteen having been the lamest number in any one week. The weekly reports of the Board of Health may l*e depended on ns correct—although one or two deaths might occasionally he acciden tally omitted, it is positively certain that there is no intentional ecncealmeiit, and those interested can rcf«*r to these weekly reports, as undoubted , authority.” i From .Mexico. The New O. leans Bulletin, of the 9lh.says:— I Yesterday we had two arrivals from Tam pic* % and our* fro n Matamo.as, bringing dates from j , the former to the Ist, and from the latter *o the 2d mst. General Lem us mid his followers, it , apjivars, are yet at Monclova, whither they fit d j when driven out of Monterey by (’analizo. On I t tin* 17lh .1 %ilv Busfameiite reached the capital, r and was received with eery demonstration of 1 gladness and respect. At Tampico business was . beginning to revive ; but the heavy « barges on the transportation of goods to the interior, hind ered it from assuming much activity. Arista, by order of the <•overnnicnt. was using every exer tion to obliterate every trace of the late revolu tion, by destroying all the fortifications. Ac. er« vi ed by llu* Federalists. * On tlie24(h July the English packet .vailed I om Tampico, with upwards of half a million in specie on hoard. y o The II m- Franklin 11. Elmore, n iiiembei of ('migiess from the Richland District, • s '. (*., Inis e re.-agned Ins seat. It is understood that he is to «• be appointed Fiesident of the State Bank, to fill p the vae.mev oecasione I by the death of Judge (,'olcork. From the Charleston Mercury. English Post Oiilce Itciorm* In this great, question, the revolution of opinion and of the system, has been wrought by a umple aril it metical demonstration. The British Rost Office System rescinkcs u close corporation, consisting of on Executive, the Rost Master General, who, with his suhord&ates inumigcsand controls the department. The hails are carried by contract, at a rate of postagefrom two pence to one shilling two pence per * igle sheet. The uniform practice of years had L lade the system h part of the State, and reinuv<« en tirely from popular cognizance and control Of ficial opposition had heretofore defeated alls fforts to reduce the exorbitant and oppressive ra>*s; the system went on, and produced for the lasllwen tv-five years a gross revenue of above twely-two hundred thousand pound sterling, or hetwfm ele ven and twelve millions of dollars, of wif li in come, one million and a half of pounds wire nett revenue. In 1837, Rowland Hill, a private tfentll-nan of London, look up the subject and fropoiid, in a pamphlet, to remodel the system, jd»c!i«hiag the existing rate of postage, and the practice of chugg ing double and treble postage, ikr. v -dßTri? ru the number of enclosures, together with the com plex arrangement for Post Master’s accounts, and to substitute a uniform rate of postage, without regard to distance, of one penny for each half ounce, collected in advance. The result was in time a full conviction on the part of the public, of the correctness of I is views, ami the practicability of so great a benefit. .Mr. J1 ill first fixed attention hv the startling fact, that notwithstanding the advances of popu lation, wealth, commerce, < duration and their con -omitants, the revenue of the Rost Office, had been nearly stationary for al ove twenty years. As a reduction of taxes was {robahlc in 1537, it was important to select that subject of taxation in which reduction would give most relhfto the people, with the least loss of levenue to the Gov ernment. Ol course theinij ost would b<* select ed which had been most defective in keeping pare with the advancing w< allh and numbers of the nation, and this was demonstrative of postage. From tables it was made apj arent that for twen ty years the revenue of the Rost Office bad slight ly diminished, whereas if it had kept pace with the population, there must have l»een an increase of 507,700 pounds per annum—a falling off, therefore, of half a million:) year, without taking into account the increase ol t ade, wraith and ed ucation. The loss was more evident on comparison of the postage lax with that fr« m the less onerous stage coach duties—subject t> the same influen ces, the revenue of the latter progressively increa sing and of the former dim nishing from year to year. It the demand for conveyance of letters had kept pace with that for conveyance of persons and parcels, it was demonstrated that there must in effect have been a lots in the Post Office reven ue ot two millions of pounds a year. This was farther proved by the experience of France where with lower rates of postage the revenue had in creased in five years from 24,000,000 to 37.000,- 000 francs, or fifty four per cent. According to tin’s, and the superior advance of England in pop ulation and commerce, be English receiptsought to have increased by 75 percent, instead of di min shing or remaining stationary. If laid w ith u vie.v to revenue solely, therefore, regardless of public convenience, the tax defeated its object by being 100 high. The nett revenue of the Post Office firing more than double the cost of mating* ment, a,id one third ot the mail consisting of franks and newspapers paying no postage, it fflowed, that iU*» W« An »n»n.n.■■■.—■ T | It ' fain was more than three hundred percent on the actual cost of transmission. Mr. Hill shows that any obstacle to the free transmission of Iclti rs and other papers injures other branches of r» venue—but that * not a con sideration of a f athcr’s weight compared to the hindrance of the intellectual, mora , and reli gious progress of the people. And to this view of the subject he adds the important considera tion. that, if the law interposed not. capitalists would undertake the transmission of letters, on | ordinary commercial principles, and be interested m using all proper economy, skill anJ attention ; ; hut the Post Office being by law a monopoly, its I conductors have not the ordinary stimulants to ; enterprise and g*>od management—and however badly conducted it may In*, the people nui>t sub mit. The Legislature is therefore responsible for all the mistliicf of its management. He n. \t considered the extent of reduction ot postage practicable without injuring the rev* nuc. He calculates llu* average cost of conveying un der the varying circumstances of distances. Ac. and adds the amount of duly it * pro duce the revenue required. He first ascertains the present actual cost, part of which is on account of franked letters and new spa pci's. The number of taxed letters per annum, is 88,600.000 Os franked letters. 7,400.000 Os newspapers, 30,000.000 Tttal. 126.000.000 The t »t;d annual expense is <£696,569, which embraces all the bounties of the privHedged great in this business,^ with $200,000 in -u]»crannuna lion allowances yearly, and royal pensions to dukqp, Ac., and the enormous cost of twenty ei'lit percent, for expenses of collection, the ac tual cost of carrying a letter, under all these ex penses. being a 1 out one and one-third pence each. He then deducts the unnecessary expenses, and .estimates those indispensable for carrying ihc mail and concluding the business of the depart ment. and. taking the existing salaries as they were, found.that the whole cost of transit was i. I *l,2o9—being twenty-eight hundredths of a penny for each letter, frank, or paj *.. The cost of receipt and delivery, including the regal allow ances of the General Rost Office, salaries to %»lfi cers end subordinates, rate ot collection, and £10.218 of pensions, amounted to £382,308, being fifty-six hundredths of a |H*nny for each fitter or paper—making, conjoint!»*-rigbtv -four hundredth ofa penny for alt expenses of each ar ticle transmitted. Deducting the heavy articles of ncw.-papeis and franked letters, would leave an average expense on faxed letters of only nine hundredths of a penny. These calculations were verified by another and infallible lest. He ascertained the cost <>t ) ear ving the mad tbefour hundred miles. Irivveen ‘ I . union and Edinburg, including the mails of all the intermediate places.to be five pounds jmt day ! the average in U weight of mails** carried to l*e six j hundred weight. Tin* cost wa-. therefore, lor a i new-paper weighing an ounce and a half, about o>r- ii!h rs a penny ; fora quarter ol an ounce, the weight of a single letter, out thirty-**./th of a nrnntf. As 400 miles cxeeeded much the av erage of distances, he deduced horn the fo.cgo- Ing result*, the first gr ind principle of his scheme, v iz : -If the charge of postage be made proportion ale to the whole expenses of receipt, transit and delivery, and eolleetiori ol the postage «*f .i letter it imi't be made uniformly the same from every post town l<> every other post town in the king dom, unless it ran Ik* shown how we can roller) so small a sum ns the thirty-sixth part of ; penny.” Next as it would t ike a letter of nine timn the single letter’s weight to cost one birthing. “Taxation apart, the tax ought to In* precise!* the same for every packet ot moderate weight without reference to the minder ot enclosures/ The next nun was to simplify the complex tn:t rhinerv of lire Department, resulting, as fie be heved. not fioni the nceessurv business ol the <|« partnieiil but from ; t* tax gathering pnrposi The expense* **n the ri*e< ipt and delivery ol !e| tcis were found to consist almost wholly of i* tl»i T* : rn sto Rost Office servants and officers, ti/.; su perintendents, including pout mast.-is and keepers , “I receiving hoUw.i, and rJerks, nie*iv-ngeraq ami Idler currier*. By simphtyii.g operation*, the first class he proved could do much more bn«i --( tlcM. Tin? dutic* rs clerks, which he details, art analogous entirely wi U those of the clerks in the . I. ruled • s l *tes. That of the • arm rs is to deliver t i letter* and receive postage. The very complex ( and hurried duties of the clerks in charging. Ac., , letters of various postage, and the tedious process . °f receiving by the carrier*, he propo-cs lo Hin ■ phfy ami rut off by his third gn at principle. I “ That the postage besides being of low and uni . form rale, and regulated by weight—should in all , j cases be payable in advance. His plan was the combination of lhe*e princi- I pl***—the public would be willing to pay a low rale in advance—the uniformity of tin- rate sini ; piifie* the accounts—and the paying in advance, , . leaves nothing farther to be done respecting a let-* ter in the office, excc pt to deliver it promptly mid j- ! safely. j ' He then showed that under such arrangement , . (he actual establishment could transact five times (the present amount of business, and allowing for ( I ***■ eaw o f mileage—he showed that wiiile the I business of the actual establishment cost £426,- I i 517, —a fourfold amount of bus nrss would not • cost more than £651,248 ; being u co«»t of a 1 farthing and three tenths for :i single letter. He proposed therefore that the rate-of postage I should be fixed at one penny per half ounce, re gardless of distant e—and heavier packet.-, to any convenient limit should be charged at the name rale. To collect in advance—lie propot-.ed the issue of stamped covers from the Ro„t Otlir*.—for all I requisite packages; lo be sold ala prire including | the postage—each having the weight it w a.- enti tled to carry legibly printed on the stamp—and 'to go through the mail* as a frank. Sheets ol | letter paper would hr stamped in the part used for :i he address. Newspaper wrappers and rovers of ! cheap paper aUo to be stamped. Rostrnaslers to r j Ire required to keep these for sail—and a di.scoiint j. j allowed to make it their interest, and 11-jt of sta- I lions to sell them. The low price would not ’ 1 tempt forgery. The stamp of the receiving house to Ik? struck on each frank to prevent its u-c a s< cond time. . ‘ 1. The Rost Office would thus be relicted from collecting the revenue. [ 2- The receipt of letters would be prompt and easy without the trouble of receiving money, making change, charging. Ac. p 3. Exceptions to the usual rate would he of . little inconvenience—for the weight allowed and the destination whether for local or general dis tribution would he expressed on the stamp. t It would transfer the* receipt "f Rostage to the . i Stamp Office, hut there it world Is* in l.irg* -unis . a numler of stamps being bought at once, and i i consequently the number of payments w-add Ik* ; reduced by a thousand to one. . ■ With machinery the cost of stamping would , | lie ;i mere trifle. The objection* in the case of ignorant p isons un iceust'ixmd lo write, are then met by several j ) proposals. On Liking the lottos from the box each is to be i j . stamped w ith the dale ami address of the iccoiv- j ing house, with a telltale stamp —which on a j ( well known plan counts the numl*cr of letters 1 f impressed. Each letter who n slarnj>ed to be \ I iimvn into a box marked with the initials o! the 1 Rost Town lo which it is addressed. TI esc a r e the leading featun -—ln sides which Mr. i. i’l gave . j th** minute details and various modilb ..tions of I his plan—and met am! answered randid'y and «a --t tisfactorily tb.e objections to it. such as the difii- cullies in the secondary distribution of letters.— P 'fMtr■rw.-r/Jf;. TjPOtTW UC pt p SC'T rm .;T! T: rr | ing the kingdom should be charged d* üble the , English postage—and all coming info the coun . try should be delivered free. Jhe p is*age claim ed by the foreign government to be [ aid bv'the ; . toreign resident. This arrangemri t would be • practically the same in result. The En lish I . resilient would pay his share at nno i n lead of in ‘ two payments —and there would be no nece&sitv B of negotiating with fiwbipn governn «n s in the : t . matter. j R.irltamentary inquiry sustained Mr. Hill’s cal mi llion ol the amount of letters at nuallv } ass ’ ing through he Rost < tffu e. by an aggregate still ’ higher than lii<. Also, as to the anticipated increa.-e of letters, ’ from adopting his j lan. It was toi nd that the illicit transit of letters exceeded that of the Rost Office. j Mr. Hill’s pamphlet circulated r. pidlv and pro duced a powerful impression on the popular mind. The attention of R.i.b irrent was caller! ‘ »nd gi*en to the su!»ject. A committee was ap- : i-ointed. and after thorougly investigating, re- I j*orted in favor of the plan, c mplirncnting Mr. ‘ Hill warmly, but proposing under the circum- I stances a modified adoption of the scheme, mz : that the rates on all inland general post letters should be reduced to a uniform charge of two | pence per half ounces, with an increase of a [*cnny ( for each additional half ounce. They also pro-| posed the partial adoption of his mode of collect- , in postage in advance by means of stamped cov- | crs. with some other similar nn diticatioiis of the ® existing system. * [, J’lic plan thus far triumplo d in spite of the I fnriiiustipposition and incorrect testimony * 1 tiie : [. Ro-t oft’ce officials, whose misrepresentation or ( „ ignorance, or both together, earned them the . marked lull silent contempt of parliament—m*l | .. on the 7tli of July last, the Chancellor of the Exchequer formally recommended to Parliament the adoption of the plan in its original simplicity . —merely requiring a pledge from that body to cover .mv deficiency in the revenue which might 1 . result at first from so great a change. The min- 1 v islrv ad«»pted and recommended the proposed |>eniiy |H»slnge in the most lii eral spirit, and to -I their honor, to give the [dan every advantage, rc ,t commendtnl the abolition of the privilege of par liamnitarv and official franking. . In tins abstract, we ha*c endeav *re«! to bring ) within our limits by condensing s*» much of the q already condensed account given in the Dcmo ll cratic Review, as might a Hold **ur readers an r un le-stnnding of the leading features of this v.tv important and highly interesting reform. For s more full information we rrc»>nimcn.l them to t . the Review, whieh promts*'* al an early period. .. t*» inquire into the applicability of tin* '-ys'c.n to the I uiteil States. T ; ,1* \ Qrr.ru Sehm**n.—Every iiumS.'i of the ii Sunday Morning \’isitor puhlisl'.cd *t New II York.) contain* a sermon; but wh thertl each _ | er is a I’hnsiiap, i J’mk.or .• N’otbiu : ui.ni. rc~ x mains uncertain, lie lakes 1..- text wh. re lie can .i ' find it. Hs-l i'l setmon is t.mmbd mi a -tan/.is n of D-*.l-*r (tiidlcv. who died some v« .u- ago. m », ■ this town ; ’/ I “ When a few more years are vv a-le.l, •- ; When a few more spring- an* . Vr. j When a few more grief I’ve t t< 1. p I I shall fall to bloom no more ” ; And in moralizing thereupon, he uig* - pinn.t- to i- ! I ike s|hh ml rare ot their child en; to keep their •I 1 son--from writing p *e;ry till they cm real the r, ; T«s|ame|il; to give them a H *gg;ng v\i.« :i il»e\ y need it. and lei them go a fishing o i-ronnlU. [. , to diiighters. he thinks tin ysh t.’d . di-po [*t . m*»l ol in the matrimonial m.ukel a-• v »- con a veniciit. I»ec»u-H* “s«h»ii nftei they a*.- tiv*' an l tweiilv. they “fall to bl*H»m no more/’ and he r* i nd.ls, with great emphaai*. “paint, gu n. vv hale ( lume. hog’s bristh*.* and false hair, don’t nnke a Iv lovclv girl <»!'sixteen out of an obi maid. I v two it, and-six-pence woilh/’— Far ft r < • letter. a* |u one id I - redciifk the (»ie:il s bailies, the '»*' fMU*..' ol his mqJu w was krile Ih> a c.-.nn**u !*.dl. le- :11l \,t was at first thought lire rid* 1 , vv as a!-*-lam. e.•• \RV M.tul the king, riding bv wnhoot -L-ppoig. i’l- ••there is llu Rnnce ol RrilsM.i kr ~1 Ic-t lilt. I«- .lulillf mid uuvllf I-' l«Un . nn* 'I" * ■ ■ - .. MOXIMV MOKN'ING - “ ■ The Next < ongr«*s. The extraordinary reunltfl of the n <i? » ••• | (Hlft&, rentier it altogether probable th:;t t!ie . ; nstrii*tralion will again command a m u. \ the next House of Representative . ’I .- t inf « the result in the Stale* vrhi' h 1 * • elected their hut,' t tppusit -n. Adfoinislration. Main#*, 2 ♦* New Hampshire, 5 Vermont, 3 I Massiichuwr Us, lit 2 Connect out, ♦ New York, 21 19 Pennsylvania, !l 17 New Jersey, 1 5 Ohio, •* Ii MicJrigan, I •„ I.- Illinois, 1 i Missouri, T«*nnrjiser, 7 6 Indiana, i 6 Delaware, I Virginia. 9 12 North Carolina, 6 7* South Carolina. 2 "t Georgia. 9 Alabama, 2 Loui-iano, 3 Arkansas, 162 iio There are eight contested seat*. . five i1; | New Jersey, one in Pennsylvania. •* in «r- ' ginia, and one in Illinois. We Lav -. ;u om instance, in the above c! 1 -i«V vte n. pl-» < J t! « disputed s* als t • that party who h r i .*«-d * • highest number of v •!»--. wifhont leftn c tot.o legality of the returns. There arc four Stale- yet to < i.* Ifr ir, which elect twenty-five rnem!**ri*. v / : Kent;, thirteen, Rhode Isltiid two, Mary!,. ; * Mississippi two. Ol there twenty-:! .•/ er the opposition had in the !a-l (’-.jr.gr- *\- one, and the a lmimstrati ,n four. i ‘ rqq>. lion, it is ascertained, have already • one 1;. Kentucky. Mr. S..»gi}i»r.te. North Carolina. The following are the 1.. ::iU ' . (’> n_ .<*- I elect from this Stat<:•:—Messrs. J. - \. !' Charles Shcperd, M. T. Hawkins. JJ. K . William Mon! r<*niery. Henry V. . ( r • John Hill, Van Burci u-; md M Lew Williams, Jas. Graham, Edmund Ij. ry, E - Stanley, Charle* Fish* r a:. ’K- th | Ra. tier, W'lda*. Indiana. The following are the names of t • r*r iof Congress elected from this Slate— v./ V. m | W. Wick. John Carr, J. W. Da'i :..a --1 Smith, T. \ Howard, and Kolk--! D. n«» n. a!'. ! Van Buren men; and James Kar u A* New Cotton. Five bales of new Cotton were Saturday last, from the plantation ol Ji. by r.. . v. axul •'•■uiJ iLc w a;. !. a-C ■ Messrs. Stovall, Simmons A (’•). ib« . . • . we learn, is good —ll y cent* was r< fus« . f -r it. Two ba!es of new Colton. «>fg.» ■ ’ 1- ' • ! excellent qua ity —go I fair 1 ed ut Hamburg oP& iturday last- f tation of D. P ’ - • ' I S. C., and 1 t» Mr. John E. *ll' 1 I- ( cents [x r pound. Th j Dav- L I om Eutope. The ship Oneco, al Bos! I pap *rs lo 13:h July. There was a continued declir • p** « . ! cotton unil the lllh. when t ->n- , - were made, and on the 12th the • «,i. n - - 1 vance in price of Ito |d. The sale- a« ■••. • | amount lo a. I ia*.i>orls to ” -- : There had been senn improve ;.t In the ct ! ton trade in Manchester, in consequ, nce«*t fav n able news and latge o:tiers from (htlcu:; . The authorities had withdrawn t militarx and p lire fnnn t!»e streelsjof Him .ngh »m, utid : the town was comparatively quiet, j The crops are represented t* N exlreiinlv j good, and never looked '. ettrr or gave greater |’ro ; mi*o of a plentiful supply . j In the Hi'iis-. on the i !h. then wl-a dr hale on > M M esw ill ’« o j he had pievi usly given t v,. •• T at •: i*. 1 the opinion of this Hou-c that nc v ,-.--n-i/.» :a --; lion of humanity, ju-tiee and |».»liey uUi tha: 1 Parliament >b. uM scrun;-!> apply itself, v u; | dt-biv. to h gisUiting lor t!i« pcrman. r.t gv»vcru mrnt of H Ma 4y spt vim. t> ot I] . . Lower Canada.” On tin -a:ne day ii wen! into c u\o.tex- on the Lower Can..da Gov,.n;:u«t 15 a id ll'» several clans, - v\,“i .1! ptcd--the myi nd el;u:s» by a x 1 It I ■ • S r voting ! vv ill* tilt . V Mr. AtwotO’s motion to t .k. up 1 < e'eat ('harlist - j nil was I House ot ('ou.in. ii> on the 12th. i The Pans papers arc princ pally o-mipied ir. i endeavors t • lodu-'e t?v. (•■ v«-» 1 :t ■ g'. •1. « > Un . of any of tin 12lh of M.>%. who •. iv Ik*eapsl.t’iv e. . uneil hv the (’ou t o: IV« rs. Letters from Bagdad announce h e o'eth vv ol the Tigri- which had laid the whole n’.v inarlv under water. It was stated that Mr* : y more thin one ih. u-aod houses hail ’.-on -i.-yevl. fCRRIf. Lctt« 19th ult. re}» esc?.:- the ret .*v, .y ol t < > . .11 is a* • •>! hopeless. The heir .1 ti.t' (Rtotnau Ihre.iu* is 11 Vv'tiii’g man a !> «n.; ol age. brought up in *!»..* -c. lus; nso , o to I .ni ce* of the Osm-anhs dyn.i-tv. , * wh.- e iv;:* :is of govennnt nt n»*tbing run be ki mu i« wh > assumpt.ion »'* :! Imp-en d an ! 1 • • au ihon*v—*. ee the it; !t>p - n >1 Al *>. • :> an affair o! mo > than ordinary :: In.: the Sultan's i t in l far wa Out himtelf i 1 1 1 utter seeing Al, ‘ ; \ .. !!•- -• u m * ' •* j Ih foie liim. lb» n *'ery of 1 • t •**' a 1 iv.idd Tisou'.ile him tot’'. V*> of (• ’ >m. e the i »-t .»d\i.-e% t ( • the Sultan h»s .1 c • «’> '*v a • ■ . I oil’s, by t • p mill ;.»tion • ;.» th. mm ’ mon *o-*!\ ••: > ■ Ut imposed • • *i iiitlim e»l.< islrn. s;'- H”> *•-, •' *' • over com .I'" lid that t* all |. ■ w '« [«»i.l tkt 1 . 1 •1 ■ ■ ■’ l*e returned on .»[*[ b. ;itu»n to t • m j ». I i .t --‘ i ury, x 1. tv• H r e, J • » I’.rffo u — !! r nudrl-’p < ed uml in miinati .. « tas m uk. •' test week. u.\ oil . ,'o .* vy p.. . - - % .; .ve way to fe r , omp'ete I o*. 1. Mi.-. ’ !‘>e a iv . > > I* .-i \i . 1. writ* ma.V, ’ uni !y v 1 1 }• » >. ! ehiving pil‘'e> ot Ihi.hiv lavl \t ’* g-eal j i tine f»e t !c * ought f-.ee v.a* ‘ - •• . ♦ * < ; dix)xisi}ion laix m aisng to g* • a ».* • . —— - - -■ - | i i >n '•* ‘ |». bv lit* ''r < f* y **, i■ - ;t : « *»' ? » if»U , . <>r (■»■/ jtp:-# »:; { r - ' \ i »***', i>' »•* ■ - ■ J t ’ < • ti rx \>-: . . ** ’ ’.4*g| i*ti* ■->, S r . . I *».--j Sew • ??»*• f■: i- ;•■* i» {4 Uii .v. - / lu lirv/ti i * i • • #-at, £r ‘v • ‘ JjJ-. 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