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Twentff Seventh Congress. 1
Coorretptndtnee cf the Baltimore American. \
• Washington, July 2, IS4I. I
HOUSR OF REPRESENTATIVES.
As soon as the journal bad been read, the House ,
resolved itself into Committee of the Whole, Mr.
Lawrence in the Chair. ,
DISTKIBVTIOZf BILL. (
Mr. Pickers took a view of the state of the ,
Treasury, which be said we had been called here )
to relieve, and asked how is this proposed to be (
done ? Why to distribute live millions of dollars '
among the States, to aid the stock and speculating j
interests in setting at defiance the last law of God, c
which was imposed upon man as the condition of t
social existence, that in the sweat of his brow t
should man eat bread, and enable these speculators c
to live by their wits —at the same time we pro- c
posed various schemes to plunge the Government t
mto eighty-four millions of debt. He stated that 1
the proposition to distribute the proceeds of the s
Public Lands was a question between speculators r
and the great-land holding and manufacturing in- j
terests. , „ . . I
Mr. P. said that the gentleman from Maryland, a
in an eloquent speech which did him credit, re- \
lerred to the debts which had been assumed when
the Constitution was adopted. Those debts were e
contracted by those States for the benefit of the }
whole, to obtain for us the glorious privilege of ;
sending our flag into g very clime, and on every sea, %
as a united nation; but tne debts which we were t
now called upon to assume, were those contracted, <j
not for such purpose, or to benefit the States, but f
to fatten and enrich corporations and speculators f
which will only have the effect of impoverishing i
the very States which are now applying to this
House for the distribution of five millions per an- t
num for their relief alone. .... . *
Mr. Randolph said that although he had agreater
desire to act on this bill than to speak on it, yet he 1
could not forego the duty he felt incumbent upon ,
him to show that his State had decided in favor of ,
this measure. It was true that other and impor- ,
taut measures had been brought before the people j
of New Jersey at the late election—this, as well as ,
the' violation of her “ broad seal.” A general bill
of indictment had been found against the latq Ad- \
ministration, ai d the people had brought in aver- ,
diet of guilty on all the counts, and had rendered ,
it without any recommendation of mercy.
Mr. R. then went into an argument to show that ,
the General Government was only the trustee of
the States, and quoted from the deeds of cession, to
show that the view he took was correct; and he
contended that the mode of distribution was clearly
pointed out in those deeds. As to the ten per cent,
bonus to the new States, the reason given was, he
believed, because es the rapid increase of those
States in population, which would cause an in
creased consumption of dutiable articles,while it
was probable the old States would remain nearly
stationary. Mr. R. was in favor es the whole bil 1.
Mr. Wintujuip uifl <*»•* intend to
commit the sin of inflicting a long speech on the
House this hot weather. He admitted that it would
appear strange hereafter, to see on our journal a
proposition to borrow twelve millions of dollars to
relieve the Treasury, and in juxtaposition this bill
to provide for taking out of it the money which
was now in, or expected to be in the Treasury on
account of the Public Lands. Yet he should vote
for the bill, and in advance he would attempt to
justify his vote-—Mr. Wiuthrop then went mto an
argument to show that these lands had not been
held by the Government for purposes of revenue
alone; and contended that it had the power to dis
pose of them for any purpose that Congress felt
disposed to aid. Large quantities of these lands
had been bestowed to aid the cause of education,
and advancing internal improvements. He looked
upon the proceeds of the public lands as a special
fund in the care of the government, which Congress
could appropriate in any manner they thought pro
per. different altogether from the proceeds raised
by duties on imports. Mr. VV. contended that the
internal improvements, by the prosecution of
which the States had become involved in debt, were
strictly of a national character.
Mr. Cooper look a review of the arguments of
his colleagues, | Messrs. Brown and Bidlack.J and
expressed astonishment at the conclusions at which
they had arrived, that Pennsylvania had decided
against this bill. He contended that in numerous
instances she had demanded that this distribution
should be made. He then went into an argument
showing how the public lands had come into the
possession of the General Government; first, by
ireaty with loreign nations, second, by cessions
from the States, and third, by the extinguishment
of Indian titles by treaties and purchase.
Mr. Cooper was in favor of the bill, because he
believed that it would bind the various sections of
the country with bands of iron; it would annihi
late space, and extend our communication to the
shores of the Pacific; and he hoped it would pass
triumphantly, as he believed it would give relief to
the Slates, restore confidence, and with confidence,
revive credit and trade.
Dr. Dean regretted that the discussion on this
bill had assumed a party character. For himsell
lie was determined that he should not so consider
it. The bill had been strangely introduced into this
House, without any report to explain the cause of
its provisions,or why a bonus of ten per cent, had
been offered to induce his State, among otheis, to
vote for the bill, or why, or by what authority,
600,000 acres of land were proposed to be given to
others, which had not received that amount, for
purposes of internal improvements.
Mr. Dean believed that there were other objects
sought to be obtained by the passage of the hill,
which did not appear upon its face. One of them
was to establish a National Bank, another to change
the whole form and structure of our government,
and the third to fasten upon us a protective tariff'.
Mr. Habersham said that he considered, the pro
visions of the bil! inexpedient, and entered into an
argument in opposition to gentlemen who advoca
ted it, repelling the idea that the General Govern
* raent was to be looked upon in the light ol a trustee
iov the States. He should vote against the bill.
Before concluding, Mr. H. gave way to a motion
that the Committee rise, which was carried.
Mr. Underwood reported a bill from the Com
mittee on the District of Columbia, making further
appropriation for the lunatic paupers of the District,
which was referred to the Committee of the whole.
The House then adjourned.
UNITED STATES SENATE.
Petitions were presented on the subject of Gen
eral Bankrupt Law, by Mr. Tallmadge.
Mr. Allen presented petitions against a Bank,
the Distribution of the Public Lands, Ac.
REMOVALS FROM OFFICE.
The Senate resumed the consideration ol the re
solution offered by Mr. Buchanan, calling for a list
of all removals from office since the 4th of March
1841, and the amendment of Mr. Mangum.
Mr. Pierce resumed. He did not mean to argue
that the people hadretun cd a verdict on this pomt,
or that they had at any former election returned a
verdict on any isolated point, when there were al
ways so many issues presented to them.—He had
ueier electioneered on any particular topic. He
would have felt it degrading to his character as an
American citizen to have done so. But he regarded
the new rule now laid down respecting removals
from office for political opinions as an insult to the
common sense of the community.
The interchange of opinions Mr. Pierce regarded
as a sacred principle, and the attempt now made to
suppress it he denounced. There was but one sen
sible practicable rule in reference to Executive offi
cers. If an officer neglected his duiies to enter
into a political contest, it was right to remove him
It was a rule which could never be made perma
nent, because no administration could afford to turn
out any discreet and efficient officer, because he
gave expression of his opinion. What arc your
high dignitaries here doing r —Arc they not every
day violating the rule they have laid down by turn
ing out our friends, and putting in their own. The
Postmaster General is filling the Post Offices with
Abolitionists. Every body knows that your Sec
retaries are pursuing the same course. He had
been told by a sturdy laborer on the public woiks
here, of the Star Chamber inquisition which had
been established here to try men like himself.
Mr. P. charged upon the present Administration
that they had carried proscription farther than any
» preceding administration, and in contradiction of
ail their former pledges; and pointed out the course
which in his opinion should have been pursued.
Mr. Linn rose, but declined speaking as the hour
had arrived.
The resolution offered by Mr. Preston calling for
information as to the progress ami condition of our
affairs with Mexico, was taken up and adopted.
UNITED STATES BANK.
The Senate resumed the consideration of the
Bill to incorporate the subscribers to the Fiscal
Bank of the United States—the question being on
the amendment of Mr. Rives.
Mr. Choate gave the reasons which would
weigh with him to vote for the amendment. If
you adopt the amendment instead of arming the
State* with power munu forte, and broadcast to
scatter its branches over the States, you require
the assent of the States, at the same time giving
to the bank all banking powers. On the constitu
tional power of Congress to establish branches he
had not a shadow of a shade of doubt. He was as
certain of the existence of this power in Congress
as he was of any fact. He would vote for the
amendment, first because he was sent here to give
the country a bank as speedily as possible, and se
condly oecausc he could do it mere speedily in
this way than any other. It was needed now, at
this moment, while we stand here wrangling; ami
he selves them best, he serves them twice, who
serves them soonest.
Mr. Choate thought that this amended bill could
be made a law at this session, and that the institu
tion could go into operation by the first of January
—at farthest, by the first of April. He knew cap
italists would hesitate a little because of the un
certainty about the location of the branches. But
this would be a short delay. Boston would pre
sent an available position for a great central branch,
and he would laugh to see New York refuse and
• throw all the advantages of such an instituiion in
to Boston. Would New York consent to descend
from the commercial throne, and see Boston as
cending it ? He declared it to be his sincere con
viction that no bank could be established at this
session, except we take the amended bill.
Mr. Clay asked for the reason for this opinion.
Mr. Choate said he could not give them with
out a violalion’of the rules of order. He however
repeated the prediction. Another reason for sup
jiorting the amendment was, that it would tend to
harmonize the Whig party. It would enable us
to keep longer in power, to work iut our reliel
measures with more effect, and keep up a succes
sion of wise and patiiotic statesmen.
Mr. Choate recommended a compromise, and
that the constitutional question be postponed till
the Greek Kalends —the day after never—when
the disputants might have the world between them.
He called on the Senator from Kentucky to do as
he more than once had done before, save his coun
try and his party. He asserted again the consti
- rational power, and declared that he only refrained
from urging its exercise from respect to the feel
ings and darling opinions of valued friends. The
time may come when circumstances may force us
to exercise this power at the point of the bayonet
but he w ould not consent to exercise it adversely
while there was a chance of avoiding it by a com
promise of opinion without yielding any portion ol
principle.
Mr. C. said he believed a bank in this amendec
form would lead a quieter life than any other
The other bank would be like a fortress on s
hostile border —never at peace. He wished an in
stitution reposing on the bosom of law and public t]
confidence. If necessary, he would go with all t|
his energy, and to the last for such a bank as the h
Senator from Kentucky wished, bat he believed b
its establishment now would lead to endless tl
struggles. . , . 41
Mr. Simmons said he was a practical man, and c
would not sacrifice a practical utility to a question e
of power. His views of his duty were perfectly h
clear, and be was sorry that he could not go with s <
his friend who had just spoken. The tune had p
come when they could differ and still be friends, ft
Taking up the idea of Mr. Rives, respecting a dis- 0 i
puted territory, he denied that he regarded this as tl
disputed ground. Bat he waived for the sake of 0 1
the argument the fact that the general government n
had exercised the power from the commencement v
of the government, and that the States never had g;
exercised and never could exercise it; and admit- b
ting, for argument’s sake, that it was disputed, he u
would ask in what mode this disputed ground
should be occupied ? The moment you say yon a
may occupy this territory, with the assent of the e.
British Crown, from that moment you yield the n
power. Not a woodcutter would cut a tree —not a
a hunter would trap a beaver from that moment, ci
without such assent c
So, combined Mr. Simmons, if you say we will v
establish branches with the assent of the States, tl
you yield the power. If States are to be contract- n
ing parties, let it be with sovereignties and not a
with corporations. He asked if those who enter- s
tained doubts relieved themselves from those f
doubts by altering the bill. Would the gentleman f,
from Virginia place the boundary question on the a
ground on which he had placed this and considei 1
it tenable ? a
He grounded his conviction of the existence of a
this power on the fact related by Mr. Madison, t
that the object of framing the Constitution was to a
give the government the power to create a bank. c
Also on the fact that the framers of the Constitu- ]
tion believed that they had given this power. It t
was light perhaps to limit the possession of corpo- ,
rate privileges in the same persons, but this would s
not warrant the inference that the same privileges ,
should not be granted to another corporation. |
Mr. Simmons said that on this ground he was .
inclining to the one term system in the Presiden- j
tial incumbency. The present system as to a Na- |
tional Bank, had been constitutionally tested and
had worked well. And for this reason, he would
continue it.
Mr. Archer said there was a time when Vir
ginia doctrines were held as authority in these
halls. He also knew that another class of politi
cians had risen up in opposition to the Virginia
doctrines. He trusted the time was at hand when
these doctrines of the Virginia schools would again
be in the ascendancy.—He complimented his col
league on the ability of his speech, but took cx
cxccption to some of his positions.—Agreeing with
him that the people had indignantly rejected the
Sub-Treasury, be did not concur with biro in
adopting aU. S. Bank in any fornf. His colleague
had embodied the plan of the Secretary in his
amendment, while it was understood that even
members of the Cabinet had themselves been only
deferred from giving their dissent by the force of
circumstances.
Mr. Clay said he had referred to the speech of
the gentleman from Massachusetts, in whose lan
guage be believed he discovered a design to in
timidate the Senate by a threat of Executive in
terference.
Mr. Choate disclaimed such design, alleging
that he had never received any intimation of that
kind from cither the President or any friend of the
President.
Mr. Clay reiterated his impression that the lan
guage of the Senator would bear no other construc
tion, and asked if he did not say he could not dis
close his authority without a violation of the rules
to order.
Mr. Choate was about to reply, when
Mr. Preston rose to a point of order.
Mr. ARciitß then resumed his observations, de
claring that under the power of exclusive jurisdic
tion in the District, this was an attempt to exercise
legislation in the District, for the purpose of opera
ting on all the States of the Union. To this he
was opposed. He then continued to remark on the
remarks of his colleague, and charged upon him a
departure from the principles he had formerly oc
cupied.
Mr. Rives referred to the merciless castigations
which he bad received from his colleague, and went
into an eulogy of General Jackson, and a general
explanation in reply to Mr. Archer. In the course
of bis remarks he also went over the Constitutional
ground. Afterconcludinghiscxplanation, he wcut
into a defence of his amendment, whicli he believed
comformable to the opinions of the country and the
best calculated to ensure harmony and usefulness.
The Senate then adjourned.
Washington, July 3, IS4I.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Mr. Linn (in the absence of Mr. Preston) laid
on the table a resolution to change the hour of
meetiiu to eleven o’clock.
Mr. Linn presented a petition on the subject of
the bullion trade, and complained that the charges
made at our mints for the separat or! of the gold
and silver disabled our merchants from trading on
an equality with the foreigner.
Mr. Linn made some remarks on the importance
of the subject, ond the necessity for action upon it.
That action ought to consist of the impositions of a
drawback. He had presented several peti ions,
and was aston shed at the manner in which they
had boon treated. He pointed out the injury which
had resulted to our internal trade with Mexico
from the interference of the British traders. The
trade merited and demanded the protecting care of
the government. —We ought, he said, to supersede
paper with gold and silver. The time was coming
when gold and silver would be the universal cir
culation.
Mr. Linn said that the influence exercised by
Great Britain over the Indians was, in his opinion,
a subject well deserving our sel ioys attention. He
called on the Administration promptly to take it up.
If the British government continued to subsidize
: the Indians within our jurisdiction he would com
, plain, and if complaint were ineffectual he would
go farther. He remarked ou the activity- which
was visible among the Indians in the interest of
Great Britain whenever a speck of war made its
appearance; and we ought to be ou the alert. T)rc
Black Eeet Indians are in the British interest, and
have cut off numbers of our traders. This subject
, would dc forced upon Congress, when the subject
of the occupation of the Oregon shall come up, and
it must come on at the next session. Should an
honest Jury find McLeod guilty of murder, he hoped
he would be hanged till dead, and let the British
t government go to war if it saw lit. We shall be in
i the right, and the world will sustain ns.
The petition was then referred.
: Mr. Woodbury presented resolutions from the
, Legislature of New Hampshire against the estab
i li-bmcnt of a National bank, the distribution of the
- proceeds of the Public Lands, a Tariff, Ac.
1 Mr. Bayard moved the appointment of a Select
: Committee to take into consideration the rule res
i peeling the admission of Reporters. He stated
1 that there was a prominent paper of this City which
s did not confess to give the Reports of this body.
; Mr. .Walker suggested that we should never
have correct report' until we employ our own re
-1 porters.
> The motion was agreed to.
Mr. Clay vindicated himself from a statement
- made in the Globe misrepresenting his motives in
r changing his plare yesterday, when the explanation
between him and Mr. Choate took place. The his
- tory of the fact was then given by Mr. Clay, and
i it was clearly shewn by him that tire change of
* situation was entirely accidental, and at the same
r time, he expressed the high sense he entertained
f of the talents and worth of Mr. Choate. He also
- 1 congratulated the Senate on the restoration of a
; good understanding between the two Senators from
t Virginia, and expressed the hope that the future
- discussion of the subject would be characterised by
i dignity ami good temper.
s
J V. S. BANK.
The Senate resumed the consideration of the bill
i to incorporate the subscribers to the Fiscal Ban kof
' the United Slates. The question being ou the
f amendment of Mr. Rives.
: Mr. Archer made a brief allusion to the debate
of yesterday in which he said that as his colleague
r had been pleased to regard him as standing in loco
parentis, and as a wise man had said, “ Spare the
r rod and spoil the child,” he though! his colleague
r should have received it with more submission.
Mr. Rives made a brief reply, in which be dis
claimed any intention to wound the feelings of his
' friend, with whom he was associated in legislative
I labor twenty-live years ago.
i Mr. Linn said that for twelve years the friends
of Genera l.lackson and Mr. Van Bureu had held a
i majority here, and it was always the case that a
f majority could discuss matters with moderation.
' He said lie should use the most unsparing language
) towards his optioncnts, and whenever General Jack
i sou was assailed he would defend him wiih all the
5 courage and ability which he couldcomniand, with
- out to the course whicli any other mem
e her of might sec fit to pursue.
s Mr. Bayard went into an argufrrent to shew that
s the only real difference between the bill before the
e Senate and the plan of the Secretary of the Trca
e sury was as tj whether the branches should have
- the power to discount promissory notes. He drew
a the distinction Between branches and agents, and
t went at large into a sketch of the profitable course
:i of the Pennsylvania Bank of the U. S. so long as
a it pursued the system of discounting notes. He
moved to amend the amendment by changing the
J proposition so as to make the iutroduction or non
- introduction ol the blanches to depend on the dis
v sent, not the assent of the States.
[The amendment empowers the Bank to cstab
- listi agencies iu the Mates, to* consist of three or
t four persons, which may be converted into offices
-of discount and deposite, unless the legislature of
i, any State shall at its next session express its dis
d sent.]
Mr. Phelps rose and explained the course which
d he felt himself called on to pursue. He had no
- doubt of tnepowerof Congress reestablish branches
- in the States without the assent of the Stales,
s Congress had power to establish any Corporation
which was necessary to cairy out its fiscal opera
tions, but it had no power to establish any corpo
i- ration, except for purposes indispensable to the
ir operations of government. The question was be
i- tween a Sub- Treasury aud a Bank of the U. States,
o and theie was no middle course. The amendment
is of the gentleman from Virginia admitted the Cou
rt stilulional powei as fully as he (Mr. P.) claimed it.
i- He haa no constitutional difficulties, and he was
not willing to lead the measure with any, but was
d desirous to unite all the friends oi the Administra-
II tion.
n Mr. Phelps said that it any difficulty should arise
1. in the carrying out this measure,he would be wil
ls ling to go to the utmost extent in tne assertion of
i- the power, and to vote for its absolute exercise,
i- He resisted the idea that a foibearancc of the right
■d to exercise a power could he construed into an
I- abandonment of the power. The first object in the
ie establishment of a Bank was to aid the financial
is operations, and then to regulate the currency, in
t; Vermont there was sufficient banking currency, a
y good currency, and he would not undertake to say
i- whether Jiis State should have a branch or not. He
of regarded it as a question of doubtful expediency.
It would be for the legislature to decide ou the ex
;d pediency, if the amendment should be adopted, hut
r. he should never consider this as involving the
a question of power.
To meet the objection which may be urged against
the power of Congress acting as the Legislature of
the District of Columbia, or as the National Legis
lature, to locate the bank in the District of Colum
bia, be regarded it as a Fiscal Agent established for
the general purposes of the Government to act
throughout the Union; and the question of its lo- ,
cation was of minor importance. But with all bis
convictions regarding the existence of this power, ‘
he contended that there might easily arise circum- ]
stances under which the exertion of that would
be inexpedient. In reference to the amendment of
Mr. Bayard, be construed it as aproposition to force
on the States, the very agencies contemplated by .
the original bill, and liable to the same at d the only j
abjection, that it urged the power of the Govern- j
ment bey ond the limits of expediency. He should
vote for’the amendment of the gentleman from Vir
ginia, although lie protested, in doing so, against i
icing considered as surrendering any portion of the |
whole which is indisputably resident in Congress. .
Mr. Huntington then rose and designated the
amendment of the gentleman from Virginia as one
exciting great Interest, and as laying the axe to the 1
root of one of the main features «f the bill. The
argument had assumed the old fashioned form and
character. The design of the clause in the original
charter was to give the Bank powers co-extensive
with the duties required of it. The amendment of
the Senator lays the powers of the general govern
ment at the feet of the States. He would vote
against the amendment. The amendment bad been
sustained on the ground that the bill as it came
from the committee, asserted a power which was
hot in Congress. This objection, Mr. H. regalded
as having been definitely and finally settled by
legislative, executive and judicial decisions over
and over again. The subject had not come up for
adjudication before the Courts, but the point had
been frequently made and had undergone deliber
ate investigation, and that very point was then de
cided, and was to be ever considered as settled.—
It is a maxim that when the Courts have adjudica
ted, and rights of property have been acquired un
der such adjudication, the question was itself con
sidered as settled. He could not add to the con
clusiveness of the arguments which had already
been made on this point. He put the case of an
agency being established in New York, where atax
is imposed on the Banks. The amendment of the
gentleman from Delaware permitted free agents
there, and bow could the State lax the agencies ?
You therefore assert the power of the government
here as much as if you established branches with
out the assent of the States. Mr. H. said that the
amendment, if it prevails, puts into the bill a fea
ture the very effect of which would ne to produce
the evil of which gentlemen complain. You will
go into States having large banking operations, and
where they arc unwilling to have a rival. Let the
question come up in the Legislature, some mem
bers will want to impose a tax,others to choose di
rectors, and perhaps to insert a clause to retain the
power of withdrawing the assent to the charter at
anytime. There wouidalso rise differences about
thi place of location, and thus no branch might after
all ne admitted. He asked if there would not be
the same objection to the establishment of agencies
(such as those proposed by his friend from Dela
ware) as to branches. The amendment did not in
terms deny the power of Congress to establish
bracbes; but he feared that if this was to be im
plied, it might be implied that hereafter we should
never have another United States Bank without
such assent of the States. He considered that to
establish the precedent now would be to open the
door for those who deny the power, and it wi 1
never again return to the government. It would
be a virtual, though not an express, surrender of
the powe.. He concluded with declaring Ills de
termination to vole for the bill as it came from the
committee, because lie would not consent to estab
lish a precedent which was not called for by ne
cessity.
On motion of Mr. Smiih, of Ind. the Scna e pro
ceeded to the consideration of Executive business,
and then adjourned.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
After the Journal was read, on motion of Mr.
W. C. Jo Anson, the House resolved itself iuto
Committee of the Whole, Mr. Lawrence in the
Chair.
distribution bill, Ac.
Mr. Habersham resumed his remarks against
the hill. He alluded to tne assertion of the gentle
man from Maryland [Mr. Johnson] that the public
lands hat never been considered a source of pub
lic revenue, and quoted from a report of a distin
guished gentleman from Kentucky, now in the
Senate [Mr. Morehead] made in 1832, which dis
tinctly maintained a contrary doctrine. The pro
visions of the bill, at the utmost, would not give
more than twenty cents per man,' and he could not
consent to fix upon the great landed interests of
the North aud South, an onerous and oppressive
tariff, which would benefit but a few manul ctur
ers, for so paltry a consideration.
Mr. H. next commented upon the remarks of the
gc Ottoman from Maryland, reflecting upon the Ex
ecutive, and the many applications made to it for
office, in which lie attributed to it a corrupting in
fluence.—Mr. H. defended it from the charge of
corruption, and thought the present Executive pure
straight forward and republican.
Mr. Johnson said that he was entirely misap
prehended. He had attributed no corrupt motives
to the Executive, or to those persons as a class,
wiio were appealing to the Executive for offices or
patronage. Hehadashigh an idea oi the purity
and republicanism of the present administration as
the gentleman; and he had alluded to it onlv to
show that there was a centralization power here
which was overshadowing the independence of the
States.
Mr. Parhenter said that it scorned to he admit
ted on all hands, that the Treasury was empty,
and the government in debt. Gentlemen appeared
to apprehend that it was the desire of the north to
establish a protective tariff; for himself he did not
think such was the desire of the north —it might
, be proper to give a special protection to iron and
’ coal for the mineral regions ; and to the manufac
ture of hats, shoes, Ac., which were articles ol
' general necessity, but no farther. He did not think
' it right to make this distribution to relieve the
1 improvident States from their difficulties. It was
! not tlie way to reform a spendthrift by putting mo-
I" ncy in his pocket. He was opposed to the bonus
s of ten per cent, offered to the new States, which
■ lie looked upon as a bribe to silence; lie did not think
‘ they were justly entitled to it.
1 Mr. J. I’. Kennedy said if he thought this bill
1 would lead to the assumption of Slate debts, as
i was thought by the opposition, he should vote a
-1 gainst it, uecansc he thought such a measure un
-1 wise—lie would not say unconsitutional. if he
1 believed it would injure the interests of the great
1 West, or deprive the Government of the revenue
proceeding from the sales of the Public Lands in
time of war, he should vote against it. If he
s thought it was on!}’ to benefit stock gamblers and
• brokers, he should vote against it —but he believed
' none of these thing and he would vote for it. He
did not think it had any tiling lo do with the organ
-1 ic form of the government; it was only a simple
■ question, and the professions of gentlemen that
1 they thought they could see an object in this bill,
1 which did not meet tne eye, was a phantom oi
their own and started for effect. The reason why
r this bill was objected to by the opposition was be
cause it was a measure originating with the ma
jority, the friends of the present administration
and not for themselves. He contended that the
1 deeds of cession held the Government to be the
1 trustee of the States aud he believed that it was
1 right to claim the distribution of the proceeds ol
" the ceded lands, and sound peiijy demanded thal
1 those arising from the sales of the lands obtained
1 by treaty and purchase, should also be disposed of
: He then went on to show that the act wnich dis
-1 tributed the surplus revenue, was, in fact, but dis
-5 tribuling the proceeds of tiie sales of the Public
1 Lands.
1 Mr. Wise asked if the gentleman intended tc
: say that the act of 1836, had only distributed the
proceeds of the Public Lands.
Mr. Kennedy said he intended to be sounder
stood. He then went on to the conclusion of his
remarks, iu which lie expressed regret that the sub
' jeet of tlie tariff’ had been introduced at this session
1 as he considered it a very important question. He
; wouid say, however, tiiat he was ready and prepar
ed for the question, aud was willing to avow him
: self in favor of a tariff'of protection for the man
’ ufactures of his country.
‘ Mr. R. L. Davis was opposed to the Bill on ma
ny grounds, one of which was that in the plan pro
! posed to take money out by one hand and giving
with tlie other, it was done ou the federative priu
• cipie, and not ou the popular principle—it was ta
! king eighty cents out oi the pockets of the people :
1 to return them twenty cents. It had been argued
here that the distribution of these lands would en
: able the Slates to establish public schools lor the
1 education of the poor. Yes, said Mr. D. you strip
I the rags from the backs, of the poor, you take the
• bread from their mouths, to give them twenty cents
' a year for purposes of education. It is also con
■ tended that tlie passage of this bill would relieve
■ Ltia states trom ;heii burthen of debt. Mr. D. said
that it would relieve the speculating interests ol
• England, and not tlie burthens of the'people of this
country. It would, iu fact, make tlie States dc-
L pendent on the Union, thus reversing what ought
- to he the ease, keeping the General Government
• dependent on the States.
- Mr. McKeon sai 1 tiiat lie was opposed to the
J passage oi the bill on liie sane principle that he
E * ia ,d refused to vote for the surplus distribution of
s D’S'J. He thougnt it was a proposition calculated
e to benefit the rich, at the expense of the poor. He
e f’egged gentlemen not to rob the poor, that Wall
street inNew \ oik andThrcadneedlestreet in Lon
. don might triumph over them. He begged them
not to tax the woollens, teas, sugars, Ac., of the
_ red shifted portion of his constituents. He would
r assure gentlemen that he did not view this question
s as a P art y n>an ;he was determined to give to tne
f acts of this administration a candid and fair exam
- ‘ natlon ! a n<l so far as in his power consistent with
his prmciples, yield it his support.
a Mr. Underwood thought the passage of this
a bill would tend to induce an economical expendi
s ture in tlie General Government. He showed
why the sum of ten per cent, was given to the
“ "T r, ! CS .7“ was bec3l,se B had been caicula
■ h d , .‘? ( lheir Pupoulßtion would increase in
' T': .° V<,r the okl K,:iles - "'as in
P L ,'l f „ hC berr,use lle had always wished
■ General r Pl ‘ b “ C a “ dS 0, “ “ f IllC P°« cr °* lh C
j ;,r, . r Government, to prevent them from being
t made electioneering capital out of by ambitious
" Wh °h‘"‘i'r be sepkl “g for the presidency,as
- h a< 3 been heretofore done on this floor, and clse
s ' 1 • e would pass by all the ad captandura
s arguments about the rich and I lie poor, which were
,- oul> delivered on this floor for political effect at
nome. He liked the poor as well as any man—he
C i I ,. s T r3ri r f’Om them—they were his brothers —
- he bad himself been a charily scholar, internal
f mprovements were as much benefit to his poor
constituents, on the rich lands of his Slate, as to
t any one else, as it enabled them to exchange their
a products for the red shirts and comfortable clothing
e w ich the gentleman from New York had spoken
I I so eloquently about.
n Mr Wise then moved that the Committee rive,
a which was agreed to.
? D “'! r ' Hopkins offered a resolution calling on the
6 Master General for information in relation to
l e estimates and expenditures of the Department
- and others matters, from Die year 1836 to the pre
t sent time. Agreed to.
e ihc House adjourned lo meet on Monday morn
ing at 10 o’clock.
✓
Washington, July 5,1541.
The Senate did not sit to-day.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. fi
The journal of Saturday was read and approved. Jj
DISTRIBUTION AND PRE-EMPTION BILL.
The House tesolved itself into Committee of the -
Whole on the state of the Union, (Mr. Lawrence, - .
of Pennsylvania, in the chair,) on the bill to appro- I*
priate the proceeds of the sales of theipublic lands
and to grant pre-emp iou rights. ’
The question being on the motion of Mr. Clifford „
to strike out the enacting clause of the bill— { '
Mr. Wise, who'was entitled to the floor, rose*
and was about to address t'.ie committee; but, at
the request of Mr. Alfoid, Mr. W. yielded, to eua- *?
ble that gentleman to make an explanation. ?“
And no objection having been ma ,e— in
Mr. Alfoed desired, he said, to explain a mis- vi
nndeistanding of his remarks on the distribution
bill, by a gentleman from Pennsylvania, (Mr. w
Brown) ' w
The gentleman (continued Mr. A.) makes me th
a»y: cc
“ The gentleman from (Georgia had remarked that
the people of Georgia weie opposed, at this time, re
to a distribution of the proceeds of the sales of the c<
Public lands among the .States, and that it was most a(
iniquitous to act upon the subject—that it was 171
monstrous, and that the people of Georgia would P :
not submit to it And he (Mr. B.) further under- “
stood the gentleman as saying, in substance that H
although he differed from manv of his political w
friends on some prominent subjects, yet that he tl
would not be driven from the Administration party fi(
that, although they might rob the People of their 01
rights, still he would adhere to his party.”
Now, what I said was; « 1 cannot be driven by h
party discipline to become slavish to any party n
nor can Ibe induced, by the applause or flatten of b
m.y Democratic friends, to join them.” B
Sir, in the very sentence in which I d»clared 1 11
would not be the slave of party, the gentleman pla- .*!
ces me in an attitude, by misrepresenting what I C
did say, of the most abject slavery ; and makes me v
say, further, that although the Whig party might h
rob the People, still I would adhere to them. This 1
is great injustice to me, unintentional no doubt; but
still it must be corrected. My political associa- ,
tions have been such that I never thought of this :
robbing the People; 1 never said one word in rela- ‘
tion to it, in ihe sense imputed to me by the gen- s
tleman. h
Again, as to the opinion ol the people of Geoigia
upon the distribution policy, I made no allusion to 1
that opinion, but only as to what it i could be in
common with the hi nest of all other honest and in
telligent people when it was truly understood in its
bearing upon the credit of our country and upon j
the tariff. It has not been made a question in
Georgia heretofore, and I said nothing of what my
constituents wished or believed in regard to this
measure. 1 did not rise to make any question of |
veracity with the gentleman, but enlv to correct
his statements of what 1 did say, that, as they have
been published and sent abroad, this may follow
and place me in a correct attitude before my friends
Mr. Bidlack said he desired simply to state the
fact that his colleague (Sir. Brown) was not at the
present moment in his scat.
| Mr. Wise then toog the floor and addressed the
committee in opposition to the bill.
I Without altcmolir.g, on this universal holyday,
t to follow Mr. W. in his remarks, the Reporter gives
, the line of argument of that gentleman, as laid
, down by bimseif, in reference to the provisions of
I the pending bill.
Sir. W. said lhathc had heretofore discussed the
f general principle of distribution, and that it was
. not his intention again to go into the general sub
, ject. It was sufficient for him upon the general
I principle of distribution to say that he stood now
. precisely wheie he stood four months ago, utterly
disputing and denying every point and principle of
. distribution. The object ol his remarks now would
be more limited—it was to oppose the details of
’ the bill.
His objection to it was that it was unequal in its
provisions among the new States themselves, and
especially unequal aS between the new States and
, the old. There were, in fact, four striging iue
> qualities in the bill, only one of which had been
» named, and the m st monstrous inequality of all
had been entirely overlooked.
The first inequality was the ten per cent, bonus
coupled with a distribution under the new and la t
t census.
The second was the recognition or revival of
: the two per cent, fund, upon which the Cumber
land road was made chargeable, when it was noto
. rious that that fund had long since expired.
t [Mr. Pkoffit gave notice that it was his inten
tion to move, when an opportunity should present
. itself, to strike out from the following proviso of
e the first section all that portion which is in italics:
t “Provided, That the sum soallowed to the same
f States, respectively, shall be in no wise affected or
e diminished on account of any sums which h ve
. been heretofore, or shall be hereafter, applied to
the construction or ■ ontinuance of the Cumberland
c road, but that the disbursements far the said road.
- shall remain , as heretofore, chargeable on the tU'O
r per centum fund provided fur by compacts with
. several’(f Ihe said States.”]
{ I he third inequality was the bonus to the new
e States of the grant o! half a million of acres to each
of the nine States.
. But all these three bonuses were nothing eom
s pared to another bonus, which no gentleman had
i, as yet noticed. The last proviso i f the second
r section was as follows :
y “ Provided, aljo, nothing herein contained
s shall be construed r o™ie prejudice of future ap*
o plications for a teduction of the price of the public
c lands, or the prejudice of applications (or a transfer
e of the public lands, on reasonable terms, to the
States within which they lie, or to make such fu
. tore disposition of the public lands, or any part
■, thereof, as it may deem expedient.”
d Thus, (Mr. VV. said,) it was expressly declared
o that the price of the public lands might be de
,t creased; and yet the fifth section of the bill de
,t dared that the minimum price at which the public
(1 lands are now sold, at private sal :, should not be
•_ increased.
Here was the bonus of bonuses. There was the
K temptation and bribe to the new States. Give
c them the guaranty that the present minimum price
IS is not to be increased, but that it may be decreased
hereafter, and they would cheerfully give up the
is live hundred thousand acres contemplated.
), Mr. W. argued these points at great length ; as
k ter which he glauced at the question of the Tariff,
and other incidental topics which had been intro
ll duccd in the course of the discussion. He address
lS ed the committee for three hours and a quarter,
i- Mr. W. having concluded, the Chairman gave
_ the floor to
e Mr. Rayner, of N. ( who moved that the com
miltcerise; which motion prevailing, the commit
e tcc ruse, reported progress, and asked leave to sit
„ again.
c And the House adjourned.
d .
d
e Washington July 6.
i- HOUSE OK REPRESENTATIVES,
e Mr. Calhoun, from the committee on the Rules,
it asked leave to report, when
I, Mr. Rhett moved that the House resolve itself
if into Committee of the Whole,
y Mr, Cave Johnson asked the yeas and nays, and
;- there weie for the motion 72 yeas, 106 nays,
i- Mr. Calhoun then reported an additional clause
1, to the 127th Rule, which provided for taking out
ic of the committee of the whole, any bill, after ac
ic ting on all amendments without debate,
is Mr. Mediil rose to a point of order, that t(je
if Committee on the Rules being a special one, could
it not report in broken doses, for the purpose of gag
id ging members ; that they could not report without
f. asking for permission; and that this provision
i- could not be adopted without a violation of the
>- Rule which requires one day’s notice, before any
ic change can be made in the Rules.
The Speaker decided that the Committee were
;o in order to report, and was sustained in his d. ci
ic sion, yeas 127, nays 78.
Mr. Atherton objected to considering the re
> port, as the 127th rub- was express that no altcra
is tion of the rules should be mane without one day’s
i- notice.
n The Speaker decided that it was in order to con
c sider, and was sustained in his decision.
:- Mr. McKeon then started another question of
i- order, which was, whether the Committee on the
i- Rules could by the au hority of the words ,- at all
times,” report at all the time.
.- The Speaker decided that the Committee could
i- report when ever it thought proper,
g Mr. Wise will) permission asked if the Commil
i- tec intended to report on the Rules in full, and
i- when.
;, Mr. Bricus moved to amend the report by ad
d ding the words ‘ after life bill shall have been uu
i- dcr consideration six days ;” and providig that the
e rule should not apply to any bill originating in the
p Senate, or the unllnChed business now before the
c Committee.
;s Mr. Stanly moved the previous question, which
i- was seconded.
e The main question then coming up on Mr. Briggs’
d amendment, it was adopted, yeas 107,najs 102.
»f Mr. L. W. Andrews then moved to lay the rc
is port as amended on the table.
This motion was lost, 100 yeas,lll nays,
it Mr. J. P. Kennedy moved a ie-consideration of
it the vote just taken on the amendment, and moved
the previous question.
c Mr. Cave Johson, then moved to lay the ques
c tion of reconsideration on the table, and asked lor
,f the yeas and nays. The motion was lost, yeas 88.
,j nays 120
e The previous question on Mr. Kennedy s mo
ll tion being seconded, the main question was ordered,
_ and the motion to reconsider was sustained, yeas
n 116. nays 100.
e The main question came up on the amendment
j ol Mr. Briggs, and the House rejected the amend
n meut, yeas 91, nays 114.
e The question then came up on the report of the
_ Committee, which the House adapted, yeas 117,
I, nays 95.
Mr. Stanly offered a resolution that the House
discharge the Committee of the Whole from the
s consideration of the bill to distribute the proceeds
: of the Public Lands, if the debate on the same
L ‘ should not be concluded by seven o’clock this eve
e ning; and that the Committee shall proceed to act
" on the amendments pending, or which may be ol-
II sered.
11 On this resolution Mr. Stanly moved the pre
vious queston, which was seconded.
e Mr. Wise asked if under the Rules, this motion,
ft could be adopted without a majority of two thirds,
s and if it was not an enlargement of the Rule.
s The Speaker decided that the resolution could
- i>e adopted by a bare majority.
0 The question then came up on the adoption of
e the resolution which was agreed to by 119 yeas, to
1 S 3 nays.
e m Mr. Warren offered a resolution carrying out
“ theretorm, which was read at the Clerk’s table,and
1 proposes that no member shall speak more than one
r hour on any question that may come before the
0 House. Laid on the table.
r On motion of Mr. Stanly, the House resolved it-
S self into Committee of the Whole,
n Mr. Lawrence in the Chair.
. DISTRIBUTION BILL, StC.
Mr. Rayner being entitled tp the floor, advoca
e ted the passage of the bill under consideration. He
o thought the question of the Public Lands ought to
if be settled at this Extra Session, as, unless it was
! settled, he believed that they would soon cease to
be a source of revenue to any one.
- Mr. R. had not concluded his remarks when the
Reporter closed his letter.
' JJNITED STATES SENATE—JuIy (i. J 1
Smith of Indiana, presented a memorial it i
l(S»r of a Bankrupt Law. /* 1
Sir. Sturgeon presented a petition of the Board
f Trade of Philadelphia, concerning the location '
f the" Bank. 1
Mr. Mahguji from the Committee on Naval as- v
to, moved that the Committse be discharged ®
IWn the further consideration of the correspon
fence from the Mediterranean Squadron. 1
Mr. HI. slated that it was the opinion of the |
tonmitlc* that theie was no departure from pro- ?
•riety in the course of the American Minister! b
StJame’s, in putting our Squadron on the alert, 0
‘specially as he had mot pul his opinions in the v
bape of an order. If any ihing ought to be done n
nlnference to this matter it was withinnhe pro- a
rince of the Department. c
Mr. King expressed a hope that this matter ?
ffonld be referred, for the purpose of making a b
written report, which would not merely vindicate
he action of our diplomatic agent, but make his
jonduct the subject of commendation. 1
Mr. Preston acquiesced in the propriety of the J 3
report, but he did not go the length of justifying a L
course which might lead to an irregular mode of J
icting in the body. He thought that our diplo- ;
natic agent had perhaps shared too much ito ihe 1
panic which had spread on, the subject ot hostili- i
ties. He knew nothing more, than Commodore
Hull knew from the papers —nothing more than *
we' knew here—and we knew nothing to justify 1
the expectation of war. Mr. P. said he was satis- 1
tied with every pan of this affair, except the return
of the Brandywine.
Mr. Mascum said the report of the Brandywine
had been referred to the Department by the com- ’
miltec And the department would act, perhaps 1
bad already acted, by removing the Captain of the
Brandywine from his command. J»e regretted
that he did rot take precisely the view takea by
the others in the Committee. He thought that
Commodore Hull had done his duty in the course
which lie had taken. Mr. Stevenson’s course also
he approved. The committee saw no reason for
taking any action on the subject.
The committee were then discharged.
The resolution laid on the table on Saturday by
Mr. Linn concerning a change of the hour of meet
ing to eleven o’clock being taken up, was after
some debate rejected.
Mr. Walker presented a petition from New
Vor in favor of a General .Bankrupt law, which
was liio on the table.
UNITED STATES BANK.
The Senate resumed the consideration of the
Bill to incorporate the subscribers to toe Fiscal
Bank of the U. States.
The question being on the amendment offered by
Mr. Bayard to the amendment of Mr. Rives.
Mr. Berrien then made some remarks. He did
not see that there was any thing likely to inter
rupt a calm discussion since the explanations be
tween Mr Clay and Mr. Choate had removed the
apprehension that Executive influence was about
to be used to influence legislative action. He sta
ted the character of the amendments and gwunds
on which they were offered. The friends of these
amendments assumed that there was a spirit in
the country hostile to the exertion of the Federal
power to establish branches in the States, and that
the withholding of our hand from exercising this
power would unite and tranquilize the country,
and also that the fiscal agent would in that case
be established, would be sufficient lor all the pur
poses of the country.
Mr. Berrien said he did not regard the power of
Congress to establish a Bank for the purpose of
carrying on their linancial operations as au unset
tled question. Au affirmative of the power of
Congress, by legislative action must stand until it
shall be clearly and unequivocally denied by the
same authority, and he denied that any of the re
fusals of Congress toic-charler a Bank could be
regaided as such a denial, because the majority
was made up, Ist by those who denied the power;
2dly, by those who, admitting tne power, denied
the expediency; and 3dly, by those who, admit
lingbuth the power and the expediency,were dis
satisfied with the details of the bill. He looked to
Executive action from Ger. Washington down
wards, iu which he >hewedthat Mr. Jefferson and
Mr. Madison acquiesced in the establishment of a
Bank, and that all others of the Presidents had
consented to the power.
Look next at the Judiciary Department, Mr. B.
asked as a preliminary question, if the opinions of
that co-ordinate bianco of the government was
not to be regarded as an authority, lie then went
on to prove that by this department also there had
been expressed no decision in conflict with the af
firmative of iuc proposition. On the other hand
the Act of 1791, framed by the framers of the
Constitution, establishing a Bank, might be regar
ded as deciding the question. The assertion of this
power, had been acquiesced in by the people by
repeated expo-itions of their opinions. If then
the question was still to be considered as unset
tled, he asked how did they expect that the ques
tion can be settled.
In reference to the declaration made by gentle
men on the other side, that in the eleciion of (Jen.
Jackson in IHJ'd, the people had pronounced an
opinion adverse to this power he denied that there
was any ground for this declaration, lor that Gen.
Jackson himself had cnleitained opinions favorable
to that power. He then suggested the real rea
sons for General Jackson’s success, viz. his person
al popularity, owing to the brilliancy of his mili
tary career. It had also been asserted that by Mr.
Van Buien’s election in 1536 the people had again
expressed an opinion against this power* There
was still ground lor this a>seition. Mr. Van
Bur n derived his strength from the influence ol
Gen. Jackson, and the sympathy excited by his re
cent recal. In the election of General Harrison
we have a distinct affirmative on the pail of :he
people of the existence of this power.
Mr. B. then went on to show that the argument
offureu to the people necessarily pointed the public
attention to tlii** issue. The question was distinct
ly made between the Snb-Trcasuay scheme and a
Bapbj'f the I nited States. , He then took a view,
of The amendment of the Senator from Virginia,
and the contradictory arguments o'* tne two class
of advocates. He replied to the fir>t class —those
who maintain that ic would restrict the federal
power and prevent it from any inioad in Mate
sovereignty, that they would only establish an
impotent institution without faculties or powers
to cany out the legitimate objects for which it was
provided. The institution would exercise its
functions within the District of Columbia as an
emanation from the Government of the whole Un
ion. It would exercise its banking functions
within the limits of the States by the authority of
the State sovereignties.
Mr. B. said he regretted these two actions as dis
cord mi t and antagonist. He referred to the Judi
cial decisions of the Supreme Court to sustrin his
views on this point. On this subject of the pro
vision prohibiting the States from roll acting their
assents once given, lie made an elabarate legal ar
gument to show that no such clause cou.’d be bin
ding, becansc any subsequeut legislature would
feel itself at liberty to annul any compact made be
tween the general go vein men l and a prec ding le
gislature. The United States then cannot bind the
States, and if they cannot du it themselves, they
cannot do ii|by an agent.
In reference to the power of Congress to estab
lish an institution within the District of Columbia,
an institution which shall operate as such an agent
in the States, lie denied that Congress had tire pow
er lo establish any such institution here but for lo
| cal purposes—from the piovisions in the Con ti u
! tion which had been relied on by the gentleman
1 from Virginia. Admitting that this power is con
ferred by t!»is provision. Congress on the same au
thoiry might abolish slavery in the District of Co
lumbia, and in wr.at a position would lh«s leave the
whole of the Southern states ? To the other class
of the advocates of the amendment, those who
admitted the existence of the power, but regarded
this power of discounting notes within the Mates,
as the actual concession of all the constitutional
power, he would say if the bill as is admitted as
serts the whole power, why the necessity for an
amendment ? This class of advocates contend
that the amendments assert the whole constitu
tional power, and as the Bill itself does so; why
do these gentlemen desire lo amend the bill ? and
how couol such an amendment,asserting such pow
ers, satisfy those of our friends who hold conscien
tious scruples concerning the power of Congress.
'] he hill itself does no nore, and as this amend
ment does not remove Uc constdutional difficulty,
why is it mged ?
it has been urged by gentlemen that some Stales
are decidedly opposed to the admission of this pow
er, yet it i' at the same lime asserted that these
Stales will come in at once and acquie cc in the
amendment, lie did not urge this result as so cer
tain. He had been struck with the force of a re
maik, that there wouM arise a difficulty as the
place where the branch should be located. He
then askc d if .*.ll the Matos could give tneir assent?
ihe Constitution* of Illinois and A kanscs and
Alabama inhibited Hie Legislatures from permit
, ti g other banks than those in existence.
Mr. B. finally inquiied whether il was probable
that the slock would betaken up by speculators©!-
for 'the purpose of investment. We have
been for some years wandering from the old track
and going upon experiments, until the people had
risen in their might and demanded that experiments
should ccjtte; and he called on (he Whigs to unite
and obey the voice of the people, to meet the
piessure of circumstances, and comply with the de
mands of halt a million of people. And we should
not doubt that the reward will be granted to those
who obey, by a generous p ople.
Mr. Merrick then rose and addressed the Senate.
He adverted to the course which public opinion had
taken in relation to the fiscal operations of the
Government, and the peremptory obligation thus
imposed upon the representatives of the People to
carry out the public will. He had therefore, hailed
with inexpressible joy, the scheme of the Secretary
of the Treasury, which appeared to him to embody
ail that was necessar}’ to satisfy public expectation
and relieve public necessity. And he hail felt the
most aente sorrow when he discerned that this
plan had not met the approbation of some of the
greites intellects which had ever graced this body.
He had no scruples on the subject of the constitu
tional power.
The question, as one of legal and constitutional
construction, he considered as settled ; but until all
the people acquiesce in that construction the ques
tion is still to be considered as a vexed and unset
tled question. He had no doubt that a majority of
the people considered the question settled, but while
we nave here even in this body, of our own Whig
friends, one or two who are not with us on this
point, how can we consider the question settled.
Before it can be settled, fierce contentions, violent
conflicts will arise, the result of which no one can
foresee. The conflict will be the more fierce be
cause it will be waged to maintain scruples which
are conscientious in their character, and which will
be maintained even to the death.
By passing the bill reported, it can be shown
that yon evoke these fierce elements oi strife, which
can never again be tranquilized. He regarded the
scheme of the Secretarj' of the Treasury as better
in itself, without reference to the Constitutional
question, than the bill which had come from the
Committee. That scheme came from a Whig
sou’-ce, and had the sanction of the Whig Execu
tive. The location of a bank here was calculated
to put to rest a great many who contended that
Congress had no power to establish institutions in
the States. He suggested that the amendment would
leave the States to make their own terms, not with
the government, but with the Bank. He consider
ed that the amendment would be more likely to en
list the support of the people than the bill—and e
highly important it was to make as many frien Is lo fi
the measure as possible. fi
Mi. M, said that there was no question which
was at one time considered as more completely set- J
tied than the Tariff question. Yet the question n
was again stirred up into an agitation which threat- h
ened unification. And then, who was it that came fj
forward with a measure of compromise rather than f
take the responsibility of enforcing an abstract h
question of power ? He repeated that the assent t
of the States merely meant ihe coiffiitions agreed on n
between the Legislature and on which g
one of its branches wmuld be permitted to enter f
within the limits of the State. He had brought his c
mind, on mature deliberation to vote, lor the n
amendment of the Senator from Virginia as the
couyse indicaied by his sense of duty. He should 1
also vote against the proposition of the Senator from
Delaware. t
Mr. Bates said he had no more doubt that Con
gress had power to establish branches in the States n
than he had of their power to establish light houses
on any of the Capes. Congress could establish a i
bank Within or without the District of Columbia,
with or without the assent of the States. The oath
to support it as interpreted by the Judicial tribunal. I
He believed the constitutionality of a Bank, in 1
every view but a political one, settled.
Mr. White of Indiana, asked the yeas and rays ]
on the amendment of the Senator from Delaware, ;
and the amendment of Mr. Hayarci was decided in 1
the negative, ayes J), noes 37.
Mr. Prentiss expressed his opinion to be decided
as to the existence of the constitutional power of
Congress to establish branches. He had no doubt
of that power, and his own opinion was, that the
clause in the original bill was 'referable to that by
which it is proposed to strike it out. But he was so
firmly convinced of the wisdom of some concess
ion at this moment to our political friends, that he
would vote for Mr. Rives’ amendment. *
Air. Dixon said a few words against the amend
ment.
Mr. White of Ind. regarded the amendment as
professing to borrow power from one Corporation lo
bestow power on another. He considered the Slates
as the more organs of the people, and that the peo
ple as the true source of power were the only tri
bunal to decide where decision was required. He
called on ail true Whigs to stand by their principles,
and expressed his hope that the present Executive
would act up to the expectations of those who
placed him m the Executive chair. He considered
it more dangerous to adopt the amendment than it
was a week ago, and he warned all Whigs against
voting for it
Mr. Walker then made a speech,in which he
dc: larcd tnat he would never vote to impose a
branch of the Bank on Mississippi. He was deter
mined to keep himself from this war of notification,
and he foresaw that it the bill should pa>s, there
wqnld oe a new scene of nullification within less
than twelve months, and in that case, what would
become of the Anti-Bank party ?
Odious as a Bank is, there is something still more
odious, and that is disunion. And if nullification
should lift its slandered in and State, nullification
will go down, and the Bank will go up. He in
voked Senators on his side lo vote in favor of the
amendment.—He would himself consider the suc
cess cf nullification as woise than the worst bank
that could be created.
The question was then taken on Mr.
an endment and decided in the negative, ay
The Senate adjourned.
\Vashingtqn, July 7,
distkietWion bill passed.
My letter of yesterday was closed whileßJ||
Raynor was on the floor of the House, in
the Distribution Bill.
Mr. Marshall,!)! Kentucky,addressed
miltee in an impiessive speech in favor of the iHv
A motion lo strike out the enacting clause
lost ayes 104, noes 121.
The bill was subsequently reported from l|||
Committee of the Whole to the House, and S”
finally passed by a vole of 116 lo 10S.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Mr. Cave Johnson offeied a resolution
on the Secretary of the Treasuiy for
to the amount of ITeasury Notes
the 4th of March and Ist of July 1841, specifß||j
under what act ot Congress they were
•also directing him to report the amount of detiHS
debts due by the United States, on the 4th of
last, to whom duo, and by and under what
same were contracted.
Mr. Fillmore asked leave to introduce al-l
• providing for tho construction of various forliHij
1 lions a:-d suppressing Indian hostilities. It H||
read twice, and .Mr. F. moved lo refer it to HI
committee of the whole.
Kir. Atherton nr.oved lo refer it back toHj
Committee with instructions to report in favotHf
1 applying the i:c‘l proceeds of the I'ubl.c LandsHl
the purposes expressed in the bill.
After u desultory debate between Messrs.
lack, Calhoun, Wise and Cave Johnson,the Spea^B
■ decided that tin instiuctions were out of order.
Krona this decision Kir. Atherton appealed,
1 Mr. Bolts moved to lay the appeal and
t on the table, which was agreed 10, yeas 108, n^H
REPORTS. ■
Kir. Wise, from the Committee on Naval Aff'aHj
- reported a bill making appropriation for the pH[
- chare of Naval Stores, Ordnance and
Stores, and other purposes. Read twice, anMB
i ferred to the Committee of the Whole,
e Kir. King, f.om the same Committee, repo ted a
i bill for a Home Squadron. Read twice ai d referred
f to the Committee of the Whole. Five thousand
- copies of file report were ordered to be printed.
i Mr. Pickens rose to inquire when the Committee
e on the Currency hit ndefl-ld repo'rt on the lull from
the Senate, entitled a bill lo repeal the act common
t ly T known as the Sub-Treasury act.
c Mr. Sergeant staled that the Committee had
- ttie subject under consideration, bet they were not
a yet ready to report.
:’ji Mr. Warren asked fora suspension or the rule,
~ to entertain his motion restricting gentlemen to one
. hour each in the discussion of any question in Gotn
e miitoe ot thewhole,and the Rules were suspended.
,1 Kir. Warren moved the pr-vious question,
e which was seconded, and the r .‘solution adopted,
n y eas 111, nays 54.
s The House now resolved itself into Committee
s of the Whole, Mr. Briggs in the Chair.
S LUNATIC PAUPER BILL.
a Mr. Underwood, Chairman of the Committee on
- the Distiict of Columbia, called up Ihe hill making
s further appropriation lor Lunatic paupers, and went
f on to show that thrre were twenty-three lunatics
of this class in the District,and that the appropria
tion already made would support hut nine of the
- whole number. The least expense at which they
s could he supported in the Maryland Asylum,
. wasflivo dollars per week for each individual.
r Mr. Rosf.vf.lt was opposed to the bill, because
- it was hut an entering wedge to heavy appropiia
- tions from Congress, as riad been the case in the
il State of New York, in the erection of a Lunatic
. Asylum there.
Mr. Steenrod was opposed to this bill. We were
e called upon to build the roads, bridges and canals
y of the District, and now our sympathies were ap
pealed to to open a new vein of expenditure-. The
. States supported their paupers, lunatics and all, and
i, he thought the people of the District ought, as a
t ma ter of right to support their own.
Mr. Mallory also opposed the bill.
- Messrs. Mason, ofMd. and Morgan spoke in fa
vor of the bill.
n Kir. -Sergeant thought that Congress had set
- tied the question that it was their intention and
- dutv to s ifport this class of individuals. They
. were now paying for a proper support fur nine of
e them, while fourteen were neglected and uuprovi
s ded for.
0 Mr. Randall ably supported the bill, and cx
d plained away all objections which had been urged
q against it. *
1 THE LOAN BILL.
Mr. Fillmore then moved that the Committee
n take up the bill aiithori-ingtbc President to borrow
d any sum not exceeding $12,000,000 at an interest
. not exceeding five per cent., to be redeemable at
y any lime after the first of January 1860,
d While the hill was reading, Mr. Wise asked why
- the President Had been authorised to borrow m
- stead of the Secretary of the Treasuiy, the proper
i. Fiscal officer of the Government, and why the in
- terost had been proposed to be paid quarteilyin
• stead of annually.
Kir. Fillmore answered that theie was no mo
s live that he knew, except following the usual
- ‘ mode pursued in making loans by the Government,
e He then went into a full explanation of the ob
e* jects of liie nili, and said that there was an imme
diate and pressing necessity for upwards of live
- millions of dollar—there were funds also want
e ing to redeem Treasury Notes, which would fall
e due during the year. In examining the report of
> the Sccretaiy ul the Treasury, Kir. K.said hccould
d sec no great error into which the Secretary’ had
- fallen, except he had set down his estimates too
low. In conclusion, he remarked that if the whole
e amount should nut be wanted, he presumed it
r would not oe denied that a portion was necessary,
b and he thought that the amount should he left uj
the discretion of the President.
i Mr. Gordon then took ground in opposition to
s the bill, and stated that on the first of January',
e 1841, there was a surplus in the Treasury of $987 -
. 345, as admitted by the Secretary' of the Treasu
. ry, with which and the revenue pouring in Rom
i every quarter, the Government could get aion“-
; with au economical administration of its affairs.
But instead of that, they had given away the pro
ceeds of the Public Lands, and they were now en
j gaged in running the Government in debt, for the
purpose alone of preparing the way for the estab
i lishment of a National Bank, to rob and grind the
’ people of the country.
I Mr. Fillmore moved that the Committee rise,
. which was agreed to, and the Mouse adjourned,
r UNITED STATES SENATE,
i The President pro.tc-n. present d a report from
: the Secretary of the Treasury on the subject of
i the Coast Survey. Also, a report from the Secre
> tary of the Navy. They were laid on the table
. and ordered to he printed.
Mr. Wrigut presented a remonstrance against
the passage of a Bankrupt Law.
1 Kir. Buchanan presented a petition in favor of
1 the passage of a Bankrupt Law.
removals from office.
The Senate resumed the consideration of the re
f solution submitted by Mr. Buchanan, calling for a
t list of removals from office since the 4th of March
; last.
i The question being on the motion of Mr. Man
. gum to amend the resolution by adding—and also
t a list of persons removed from office between the
t 4th of March 1829 and 4th March 1841.
Mr. Linn made some remarks. He admitted the
i power of removal to be in the President, and con
-1 tended that this was conceded immediately after
the adoption of the Constitution. He read cx
i tracts fiom the speeches of distinguished men at
i that period, particularly from a speech of Mr. Bou
: dinot, Mr. Tyler and others. He addressed to the
r Chair (Mr. Southard,) a personal remark,that much
1 as he esteemed him for his private worth, he had
s always been desirous to prevent his sentiments
' from being circulated in Missouri. But he should
- endeavor to send this speech abroad into that State
1 to he generally read by his constituents. Mr.
t Linn then proceeded to read some of the sentiments
i of Mr. Madison in favor of the right of ihe Presi
-1 dent having the power of removal. The House by
i a considerable majority decided iu the affirmative
• on this question. General Washington under this
■ decision, made some removals. The reign of the
elder Adams was an Mr. Jef
ferson cut a Jeep MOioved * °
few—but the age of giro feeling had mMyM|bpied. b
He next adverted to the
Jackson, who made numerous removSpMHptt S9* ' h
many as his gi?en . a
history of the course flHa by Mr. Cl»Wpd bis
friends, refening to tbe speeches of the lbiiner*t a
Hagerstown and Fowler’s Gardens, in whichjbe £
had taken ground against the appointment oCflU*- -
tors and men-hers of Congress to office,
not attempt to say that any acts or language of that 1
gentlemen since gainsayed what he then laid down.
He then referred to Hie resolutions t)f Mr. Clay
concerning the power of removal, amrlthe seuti- 4
raents which Mr. Clay uttered on that occasion.
Mr. Linn then proceeded to read the resolutions.
In the midst— 1
Mr. Calhoun asked—Whose resolutions are
they.
Mr. Clay—They are mine. Kvery sentiment is *
mine. <
The hour having expired the discussion was ar- I
rested. i
UNITED STATES BANK.
The Senate proceeded to tne consideration of the
bill to incorporate the subscribers to the Fiscal
Bank of the United States.
Mr. Buchanan rose in opposition to the bill.— *
He began by statieg that ihe bill was of the dark
ages, and did not savor of an> advance of science
beyond the 10th century of the Christian era. Mr.
B. denied that the people demanded the passage of
a bank bill, and denied that the Whig party had
made the question one in which the people were
invited to elect General II: rison. Mr. B. then
went on to argue against the location of the Bank
at Washington, which would not answer for com
raercial purposes, hiu would be turned into a po
itical machine, and the appointment of nine direc
tors instead of twenty-live, would be calculated to
effect that object.
Mr. B. found fault with the power given to the
Secietary to examine ihe affairs of the Bank, while
the same privilege was denied to a stockholder,
and contended that the screws could be tightened
or relaxed previous to an election, to suit the pur
poses of Government Mr. B. also condemned the
project of making the Government a stockholder
by borrowing money to buy stock, and character
ized the idea as absurd and lidiculous.
The restrictions of the dividends were entirely
inadequate to restrain the Bank. The surplus
would never reach the Treasury, but would be ap
plied to political purposes. The restriction of the
issues to 25 millions was equally futile, and would
never be practically regarded. Mr. B. expressed
•he hope that the bill would yet be laid over until
December.
Mr. 13. concluded with expressing his belief that
the passage of tnis bill would be the establishment
of a moneyed arislocracj*, productive of more hor
rors than any other form of government, lie was
not afraid that the bank could be established, but
it would not endure, lor it must perish under the
withering influence of public opinion.
Air. Buchanan then moved to strike out the
words “ in tbe District of Columbia.”
Air. Benton called the attention of the Senate to
what Mr. Jefferson had said concerning the eli’ect
which the Bank in Philadelphia had on the Con
giess sitting there.
Mr. Walker read General Jackson’s opinion of
a Bank which would be useful, and insisted that in
fixing the Bank at Washington, he deprived it of
1 that powei which must attach to it in the city ol
N. York.
; Mr. Calhoun would vole for striking out, be
i cause he considered i s location here as a mere
• sham. There was no capital here. He would
move to fill the blank with JKevr Orleans.
i Mr. Buchanan asked iV ilie Ayes and Noes
t wliich were ordered. ■
iMr. Walker asked Air. (Blhotm ifhe really ex
> *•- f“f— * - •—j——iW* fat'Ol- ol" looutinf
‘ ihfc bank in an extreme comer of the Union.
• Mr. Calhoun said he Would do his duty, and
leave it to others to do theiis.
, Air. Allen made some remarks in favor of strik
, ing out the words. Whether they were stricken
outer not, two thirds of th£ public deposites being
j made in New York, that city would be the great
centre of its influence.
Mr. Benton said he would vote to place the bank
i in New Orlerfhs, and pledged himself to pursue it,
r to make war against it, be it where it might,so long
t as he lived. ° *
« The question was then taken on the motion of
Air. Huehanaa to strike out, and it was negatived,
j ayes 29,noes 19.
Air. Calhoun moved to strike out Washington
, and insert New Orleans.
The motion was also sustained by Mr. Walker,
- i he questiod was then taken and negatived, ayes
- 16, noes 29. 6 J
- Mr. W alker and Air. Wright laid on the table
: some amendments, which were ordered to he prin
ted, and then
• The Senate adjourned.
? wiim 1 —| ~ ~ mnamii i W i— M i
j Commercial.
Latest dates from Liverpool, June 19
Latest dates from Havre, June 14
Charleston, July 10.
Cotton —The Upland market has been in a de
i pressed state since the date of our last—buyers
having taken but about 1400 bales. Prices on the
f lower grades have dropt a fraction, while the better
. sorts have only maintained former rates in conse
quence of the light stock on sale. The advanced
. state of the season, and an unwillingness on the
[ part of holders to sunrnit to the terms of buyers,
havecheckcd operations and the probability is, that
the bulk of the stock on sale, will be shipped on
. owner’s account. The transactions comprise 20 at
, ;37at 8 ; 167 at S£; 36 at 8J; 60 at 8j;37 at
, 8J ;24 at ;34 at ; lOOat 9;80at91 ; 70 at
t I 123 to ; 278 at 9j- ; 264 at 10 ;10 at 10J ;
ami 164 bales at loy cts. per lb. The following
■ quotations will give acorrect view of tbe market a't
its close yesterday—inferior and ordinary 7.) a
■ middling to middling fair 94 a9j ; fair to fully fair
10} a Iffy* ; good and"fire 11. Nothing has been
done in Long Cotton since the date of our last.
llice —The operations in this article have been
limited to 261 tierces, at prices ranging from 3J to
3;f per 100. The transactions are 100 limited to es
tablish quotations. Such parcels, however, as have
changed hands, have been at an advance on the
sales of the previous week.
Grain —The receipts of Corn since our last, reach
about 9000 bushels from North Carolina, Virginia
and Maryland, and were disposed of at prices with
in the range of our quotations—7l a 7.0 cents per
bushel. About 1500 bundles Hay have also been
received, and s U at 87$ els. to $1 per 100 lbs.
according to (juaiity. A lot North Carolina Peas—
-1200 bushels—sold at 70cts. per bushel.
3j| Exchange —Charleston Bank rate for Sterling
Ex#iange, S per ct. prem. Prance, of. 15 a of. 20.
Freights —To Liverpool, Cotton, Upland g a
7-16ths Sea Islands There is nothing ofieriii"-
to Havre. To New-York, square bags' Cotton”
37 ) cts. per bag.— Courier.
STATE3IENT.OF COTTON.
1841. 1840.
S. I. XJpVd. S. I. VoVd
Stock on hand, Oct. 1,
1840 752 3401 216 S 3991
Rcc’ l since July 2,.. 874
“ previously,... 14019 203616
Total receipts, 14771 207591 20007 279471
Exp’d since July 2.. 297 3594
“ previously, 12505 156271
Total exports 13102 159565 17196 271604
On shipboard not el’d,... 11 3489 23 1684
Deduct from total
receipts, 13113 193354 19219 273288
Remaining on hand,
July 9„ .1658 14537 _ 788 61 S 3
Savannah, July 9.
Cotton. —Arrived dur ng the week 1261 bales,
and clcarhd 3193 bales Upland and 10 bales Sea
Island Cotton, viz: to Liverpool2l9obales Upland
and 10 bales Sea Islundv to New York 989 bales,
and to Philadel| hia 19 hales. Leaving a Stock on
hand notclearedon the 9th inst. ot 5420 bales Up
land, and 653 bales Sea Island Cotton.
The few transactions in Upland that have taken
place, have been at much lower prices than those
of last week. There is not much foj; sale, and the
accounts from abroad which were received yester
day not being encouraging, will leave us still a life
less market. The following are the sales for the
week, viz: 1 bale atS;32atSJ; 15 at Sfr 10 at
9ii 10 at 9}; 15 at 9J, and 35 at 10 cts. In Sea
Island we have but one sale to report, viz : 12 bales
inferior at 17 cents.
statement or cotton.
„ Upl’ds S. 1.
Stock on hand, Ist October 1983 28
Received since June 2nd 1261 0000
Do previously 130844 6290
134058 6318
Exported up to July 9,.... 128668 5665
Stock on hand, including all on ship
board not cleared op the 9th July.. ..,,5420 653
*
*
Rice —Holders arc'now asking; 3$ hut we hear *
of no sales. For city use, some trifling sales have
been made at 3g.
Flour —There has been some additions to stock,
’but no large sales, —a fair retail business is doing.
Com —Three cargoes have arrived during the
week, iwo of which were sold on ship board, one
at 75 cents cash, and one at 78 cenis, 60 days.
Sales from stores 85 a S7i cents.
Hay —The receipts have been about 800 bundles,
which has been sold at from $1 to Ij, mostly at the
lormer price.
Salt. —We have no change to notice in prices.
The imports for the quarter, ending June 30th, were
47,974 bushels.
. Freights. —To Liverpool, 7-16 (d> id. To New
York $1 per bale lor Cotton and 50 cents per cask
for Rice.
Exchange. —On London s (a) 9 prera.; On New
York 3 prem. and scarce. As our Banks are paying
Specie (except to Brokers) the high rate of Ex
change presents a curioqs anomaly. It is probably,
because the community is unwilling to create any
needless demand for Bullion. — Republican.
New-York, July 8.
Cotton. —From six to seven hundred bales were
disposed of yesterday. The market this morning
shows a little more activity. Prices remain with
out change.
Flour. —Flour is in better demand 10-dav.anrt
common brands Canal maybe quoted at $5,56.1 &
$5,621; Ohio $5,43 j $6,50.
Liverpool, June 18.
Since I wrote you, per Colmnbra.j our Colton
market has remained in a very inanimate state
until this week, when there has been rather more
doing; but inasmuch as your advices lead us to be
lieve your prese-’t crop will be rather over than
under 1,600,000, and the : ccounts from Mississippi
being so far favorable to a large produce from that
which is now planted in that section of the coun
try, and a considerable quantity coming from Brit
ish India, with a very heavy stock of all kinds
here, the market is freely met at a decline of fully
lb. chiefly, however. In the inferior and mid
dling qualities. Unless we have a great change in
our manufacturing districts, wc du not sec from
present appearances much hope of amendment, and
a crop such as you had last year, would make pri
ces very low. Although we do not at present see
our way to any advance, yet wc hope when the
pending elections are over, there will be more
business doing and keep prices from receding fur
ther, and that Colton can be disposed of without
giving way to the purchasers sale after sale. The
sales of the week ended 4th inst. were 12,000
bales; for that ended 11th inst. they were 19,880
bales, and for the present week they amount to
26,100(bales,ofwhicli 5,500 were Upland at 5 a 7s;
12,430 Orleans at sis a
Mobile at 5 a 7; and 70 Sea Islands at 13 a 174 per
lb., and the business has been chic fly by the con
sumers. The stock in port is now estimated at
049,000 bales, of which 440,000 bales are Ameri
can, against 376,000 bales at this period last year,
of which 320,000 were American.
Liverpool, June 17.
To-day’s demand for Cotton has been general,
but by i o means biisk, and the sales of all kinds
amount to 4500 bags, which have taken al
most entirely by the trade. American descriptions
have been chiefly acted uuon, but Surat has been
sold to the extent of 7or 800 bales. Pi ices on the
whole are steady, although the market is irregular.
Liverpool, June IS.
There has been a decided impioveinent in the
demand for Cotton this week* and a fair amount
of business has been done, the sales amourtin, to
26,!00 bags. Holders continue to oiler pretty
freely, but piices of all descriptions are without
change. Tre trade have bought more freely than
during the last seven or eight weeks, owing to
I some improvement in the demand for goods and
I yarn at Manchester last Tuesday. Speculators
I have been more active than of late, their purchases
iiconsistiiig of 2000 American and 130 Surat, and to
•exporters there have been sold 550 American and
KSO Surat.
I Liverpool, June 19.
■ To-day there has been av* ry fair demand, and
■the sales amount to fully 5000 bags of all kinds.
I Havre, June 11.
I Cotton. —On account of the extensive sales ef
■fected during the last eight days, ainounth g to
111,239 hales, and rather short arrivals, not exceed-
Kog 3159 hales, was a good deal firmer, and several
Hparcels brought in re-sale, Ic. more than they had
Keen bought at. The slock at Havre of that arli-
Hcleis now reduced to about 136,000 bales.
I Havre, June 14.
■ The cotton market remained in about the same
Kosition as before. The sales effected that day
Kmounted to 1986 bales, viz: 670 bales Louisiana
w &>f. to 96if.; 761 Mobile at 77f. to 86ft’.; 417
ftlaorgia at 74if to 92if.; and 120 Floridas at 75f.
| DUTCH BOLTING CLOTHS.
VYATT & WARREN, No. 206 Broad street,
have just received a large and full assort-
Bncnt of the best DUTCH BOLTING CLOTHS;
a la.’ge stock of Fancy and Staple Dry Hoods,
Hvhich they will sell on reasonable terms.
■ jy 8 \v6t
■ COLUMBIA CAMP GROUND.
Hi LL persons having tents, or wishing to gel
situations u> build, are requested ro meet or
title White Oak Eneampment, Friday, the 3011
of July, by 10 o’clock, and those who have here
’V "- or may hereafter wish to hold tents for pub
lip entertainment, are particularly requested to at
tend, ns the Boarl of Trustees will on that da>
submit some general rules for the better govern
ment of the encampment in future, with the iiupr
of securing the continuation of annual meetings or
said encampment. THOS. H. DAWSON, Sec’y.
Appling, July 7,1841. td
TUB LIMESTONE SI’KINGS OF
Spartanburg District.
n i THE Subscriberhavingrented a a
mlhis Establishment, will open the rfy A
same for the reception of Com-J r * j Ul3
parry lor the Summer. This celebratedTvateniq
place yields to none in the Southern Slates for at
tractions which should induce those travelling foi
health or pleasure to make it their resort. The ac
commodations are ample for 300 visitors—fa m j lies
can have suites of rooms in the great Hotel, oi
houses with parlors, or single or double cabins, al
of which arc complete and most comfortably finish
ed and furnished. The table and bar will be sup
plied with the best the country affords, arm no pain
shall be spared to give satisfaction to the company,
At the Springs is an agreeable and cultivated so
ciety of permanent residents. Two excellent
academies, male and female, where visitors may
pul their children to school.
In Ihe Hotel arc large and well arranged public
rooms, a band of music attends for those dispised
to dance. The bar will be well supplied, and
abundance of icc has been stored up for the season.
These Springs arc situated 25 miles from Union
Court House; zO miles from Spartanburg, 25 miles
from Yorkville, 25 miles fiom Glenn Springs, and
22 from Wilsons White Sulphur Springs, being the
central point to them all. The waters of the
Spring are limestone,highly charged with carbonic
acid gas, and are as light, pure and delightful to the
taste, as water can be. They possess decided me
dicinal virtues, especially in cases of dyspepsia and
liver affections. There are beside the limestone,
two strong chalybeate springs of equal efficacy in
restoring strength and appetite in cases of debility.
Baths, cold and warm, and shower, shall be al
ways ready at a moments notice.
The locality is one of the most healthful in the
world The country around it possesses many at
tractions in its i-.cautiful scenery, its historical as
sociations, and in the manufactures which are
springing up all around it. The battle fields of
Blackstocks, Cowpcns and Knipmountain are ati
near enough for a pleasant days excursion—and
the prospect from Gclkiu mountain takes in a
large part of four districts and embraces many
views of highly picturesque arid beautiful scenery.
Since the last Summer the roads leading to these
Springs have been put in order, and the bridges
repaired and replaced. A new bridge has been
built at the Ncsui: lion Works over Broad River,
and no difficulty now exists for travellers—a line
of stages runs twice a week from Spartanburg by
these Springs to Lincointuu—another twice a week
from Union Court Ho ise, auda horse mail to York
ville.
There is always on hand a supply of burnt lime
of the best quality.
Q3“Thu Carolinian,Pendleton Messenger, Au
gusiaChronicle, Edgefield Advertiser, Greenville,
Mountains!-, Winyaw Intelligencer, and Camden
Journal, « i:l please insert the above omen week
for two months, and send their accounts to rhe
subscriber at Limestone Springs for payment,
may 19 ivin J. c. JENNKY.
JAMES BOAT A RIGHT’S SUPERIOR
COTTON GINS.
BIN HE undersigned takes pleasure in announcing
3 to the Cotton Planters of Georgia, that he has
established a branch of his Gin Manufactory in
Augusta, Ga., nearly opposite to Bones & Carmi
chaels Hardware Store, where COTTON GINS of
his very superior waHpanship may be obtained.
The materials will be prepared, and every piece of
acomplete Gin worked out under my own care
and inspection, at my main shop in Columbia, and
will be carefully put a skillful and ex
perienced workman in Angus*
I have also appointed B. F. Goudy my Agent in
Hamburg, S. C., by aprlicatiou to whom, my Gins
can be oblaiacd by the Cotton Planters of the
Districts adjacent to that place.
sgy- Old Gins repaired at the shortest notice,
ap 20-w3m JAMES BOATWRIGHT.
NOTICE. —All persons arc hereby cautioned
not to trade for the following Note:
On or before the twenty-fifth day of December
next, we ot either of us promise to pay William
L. Blunt or bearer, eight hundred dollars for value
received, and if not punctually paid, interest from
date, this 26th January, 1841.
(Signed) JOSHUA ELDER,
|WM. K. STRONG, Security.
The above Note was enclosed to me in a letter
by Anslem B. Leigh, of Coweta county, on the 25th
of March last, and mailed at Newnan, in said coun
ty, and lias been lost or miscarried. The makers
are also notified not to pay said Note to any one but
myself. WILLIAM L. BLUNT.
Appling, Columbia Co., June 10, 1841.
w4t m2m
DR.FALL, formerly es Morgan, but now per
manently settled in Decatur, Dekalb county,
Ga., has practised 25 years, with unusual success,
iu all forms of Dropsy, and for the last 14 years,
has given his undivided attention to the treatment
of that disease only. His treatment is entirely on
a new plan, and so fortunate are the selections of
his remedies, that no one was ever known to rc
apse who was cured by him. This improve
ment he claims as made by himself. He invite's
all dropsical persons, and persons afflicted with
liver disease and asthma to call on him. He lias
practised medicine in Georgia more than 30 years,
and although now unable to bear the fatigue of
general practice, he is willing to do all that he can to
to relievo suffering humanity. If preferred, he will
undertake cases on the principle of “ no cure, no
pay.” mh U-\ytlstJan
03* The Charleston Courier will cony the above
wdekly for three months.
MLOOK OUT.—Will be sold in the town ■
of Madison, on the first Tuesday in An- &
gust next, at public out-cry, a valuable M .
HOUSE and LOT, in the most healthy pm of the f
village. The House Is a large two sto.-y building J
containing six rooms well furnb-tred, good kitchen
and smoke-house, an excellent well of water in
the yard, with stable, corn-crib, -&c. Terms libe
ral, and will be made known on the day of sale
JOHN M. DANIEL.
•Madison, Ga.,.lnly 7.1841. wtd
PLANTERS’ HOTEL.
(Late Davis', Camden, South Carolina.J
MHASO)E & GIFFORD having purchased
the formerly Davis’s, will continue
the establishment on the same liberal
scale as heretofore, and will exert themselves to
make it a desirable residence for Boarders and
Travellers as their table will always be supplied
with the best the market adords, their Bar
with the best Liquors, and their Stables with at
tentive Ostlers and abundant provender
The establishment will be under the exclusive
management of T. A. Hague,formerly of the Salis
bury Hotel, North Carolina, and his long experience
will enable him to give general satisfaction.
Camden, S. C.. Jan 23,1841. w 6m
HOUSE OF ENTERTAINMENT.
M THE subscriber having lately taken
large and convenient House in thetow
of Washington,(Wilkes county,JGeor-ri
has opened it as a HOUSE OF PUBLIC ENTER
TAINME.VT, and begs leave to assure his d<
and the public generally, that notiiing shall
omitted on his part, which will conduce, to the
comfort and accommodation of those who may
favor him with their patronage.
_mayß-w3m ROBERT H. VICKERS.,
. PLANTERS’ HOTEL.
(FORMERLY KNOWS AS GLOVER'S J
In Edgefield Village.
MTHK subscriber having purchased the
above establishment, and been at much
expense in fitting it up for the accommo*
datum of families and transient boarders, would
now call public attention to it.
His Hotel is new and spacious, situate near Ihe
Court House, in a very airy situation, and his table
he flatters himself, will bear a comparison with
any one found in an inland town. For health the 1
village is notorious; and he has made such arrange
ments as he feels confident will give satisfaction
to families that may pay him a visit during the
summer season. The village is surrounded by nu
merous Springs of excellent water.
His Stables are under the superintendence of a
careful ostler, and are Urge and airy.
TERMS ARE AS FOLLOWS:
Regular boarders, per month sls 00
Children and servants half price,
Day boarders ] 50
Horse per month 50
“ per day . 75
jc 2-~-w3t C. H. GOODMAN.
NOTICE TO COTTON PLANTERS IN
GENERAL.
fjpHE subscriber informs the public generally,
’ JL that he continues to carry* on the business of
’ manufacturing COTTON GINS in ail its various
, branches, at Tyrone, Wilkes county, Ga., and in
’ tends to make Cotton Gins on various plans, to suit
, purchasers. My Gins are all made ol the best
materials, as I have made arrangements with Nay
lor is. Co., New York, for the best article of cast
steel for Haws, and all other materials necessary to.
' make first rale Cotton Gins. I shall also make a
j good many of the anti-friction Gins, which 1 find
from experience, is a very superior article of Gins,
t for which the public can have references to the
l certificates annexed, from the hands of the gentle-
men that have used thorn for the last season.
. Gins will be delivered to purchasers from any
, part of this Stale or South Carolina. Repairing
J doac in good style, and at low prices,
j All orders directed to Tyrone, Wilkes county,
, will be promptly attended to by the subscriber.
1 S. R. CRENSHAW.
. CERTIFICATES.
This is to certify, that I bought a forty-saw Gin
of S. R. Crenshaw in 1839, and after a fair trial of
it, I found it to come fully up to the recommenda
tion given to me by Mr. William Brown. 1 be
■ lieve it will pick one thousand pounds of nett Col
-3 ton in ten hours. C. J. BURK.
‘ Green county, January, 1841.
* Ido hereby certify, that I have tried on* of S'.
" R. Crenshaw’s forty-five saw Gins, of the leu inch
circle; she is as good as can be made, and she will
pick four bales a day, to average three huedred and
e seventy-five pounds. She makes as nice mer
y charitable Cotton as made.
4 THOMAS LEWIS.
1 Butts county, December 28, 1840.
■ This is to certify, that I have bought one of Mr.
8. R. Crenshaw’s anti-friction Cotton Gins of forty
t, live saws, and 1 have no doubt they are the best
article that are now in operation. J can gin from
; two to three bales per day, that will average fom
=, hundred pounds. It makes first rate Cotton, and
there is no danger of fire at all in ginning 1 think
all farmers would do well to get such a machine.
ANDREW WEST.
Marion ceunty, December 26, IS4U.
;t
m 1 do certify, that I purchased of Mr. S. R. Cren
:h shaw a fifty saw Cotton Gin, that runs on friction
;- wheels. I much approve of tbe improvement on
r- the Gins, as they are in no instance. 1 believe, sub
t- ject to take fire by running, and 1 find that they
y run much faster with less power. The brush
1- broom delivers the Cotton, at least, much better
ic than the other kinds do, that 1 have been in the
in habit of using for the last twenty years past, and
1 find will readily gin from two to three bags a day
of five hundred pounds. I. R. WALTON.
Morgap,county, December 18, 1840.
Crenshaw’s vottun Gins, and find it far better than
Lany other 1 ever had, and I have owned many. It
cleans Cotton with more speed, and makes it moie
clear of motes, and sells for a better price accord
’s ing to the state of the market at the time sold, than
any Gin I have ever tried. M. WHITFIELD. *
Jasper county, June 5, IS4O.
I® 1 hereby certify, that I have purchased and hare
3 m use, one of 8. R. Crenshaw’s anti-friction Cot
ton saw Gins, and take pleasure in saying, that 1
" believe it to be the best improvement in machinery
of that kind now in use. THOS. DYSON "
18 Monroe county, December 24, 1840.
7 • ___
;• Ido certify, that I have bought a forty saw anti
friction Gin of 8. R. Crenshaw, of Wilkes county
y Ga., and take pleasure in recommending it to the’
public as a good article worthy of patronizing, in
the performance of ginning for speed and neatness.
_ J - W. WILLIAMS.
“ Butts county, December 22, 1840.
“ I do hereby certify, that I bought one of S. R.
, Crenshaw’s anti-friction Cotton Gins last year, and
take pleasure in recommending the said Gin to the
public. 1 can gin twelve hundred pounds of picked
: Cotton in one day, and I think all farmers would
do well to get such a machine, as there is no dan
ger of its taking fire. G. B. ALLEN
j Putnam county, February 6, IS4I.
’ I do hereby certify, that I have got one of Mr
8. R. Crenshaw’s anti-friction Cotton Gins of forty
• live saws, and 1 believe they are the best article
that ever were made to gin Cotton. 1 can »m three
, hales of good merchantable Cotton in one day and
; I think all rarmers would find it to their interest to
get such a machine, as there is no danger of its
; taking fire. G..EEN J. DOZIER
j Columbia county, January 6, 1841.
1 I have got one of Mr. Crenshaw’s anti-friction
Gins, that will gin four or five bags per day, avet
-1 aging four hundred pounds to the bag of good Cot
ton. A fifty saw Gin I consider in no danger of
■ fire at all. as I have had sufficient trial of one.
LEONARD STEED.
Columbia county, December 9, 1840.
| This is to certify, that I have made trial of one
of S. K. Crenshaw’s anti-friction Cotton Gins, and
from the Dial made with it, think that said Gins
' will perform well, and will deserve the trial ol
planters. L. T. P. HARWELL.
Morgan county, Deccmoer 30, 1840.
I hereby certify, that I bought of S. R. Crenshaw
a foity saw Gin, ten inch circle, and I believe she
> will gin, with c ose attention, two and a half bags
1 a day, that will weigh four hundred pounds cacti.
| 'The Cotton is good. JOHN REDDING.
! Monioe county, December 25, 1840.
This will certify that I have made a small trial
, with one of Sidney K. Crenshaw’s forty saw Gins,
■ of the nine inch circle, and am well pleased with
it. X can gin two bales in the day, weighing four
• hundred pounds each. MARK GONDER.
’ Hancock county, December 14,1540.
1
’ Ido hereby certify, that I bought a forty saw
Gin from 8. R. Crenshaw, ten inch circle, and I
■ believe it will gin three heavy bags of Cotton in
one day with close attention.
THOMAS WYATT.
1 Jasper county, December 19, 1840.
This is to certify that I purchased a Cotton Gin •
| of S. R. Crenshaw, of forty-live saws, that runs on
; what is called anti-friction wheels, and excels any
Gin that 1 ever saw. Liv ing on the road that leads
from Madison to Monticcllo, 1 have had a great
many persons to call and see the said machine in
operation, and 1 have not heard the first man say
that it did not excel any machine that was made
to gin Cotton. 1 think all farmers would find it to
their interest to get such a machine, as there is no
danger of its taking fire by a careless hand.
February 15, 1840 P. G. WALTON.
Tliis is to certify that 1 have bought a forty saw
Cotton Gin, of Mr. Crenshaw’s make, and have run
it lor the past season. I cannot recommend it or
his make too highly to the farmers.
o. h. p. McClendon.
Butts county, December 28, 1841.
I have jn my possession of Mr. S. R. Crenshaw’s
Cotton Gins, and find it to be far better than any I
have over tried. It is a forty saw Gin, and will
gin eight hundred pounds of good merchantable
Cotton in a day. B. J. BRANTLEY.
Hancock county, December 14, 1840.
I do hereby certify, that I bought a forty saw
Gin from Mr. Crenshaw, of ten inch circle, and I
believe, with close attention, it will gin three
bales of Cotton per day, that will weigh four hun
dred pounds each. JAMES BVLL.
Morgan county, December IS, 1840.
1 bought a Gin of S. R. Crenshaw, of ten inch
circle, and forty saws ; it works well, makes first
rate Cotton, and gins very fast. R. REDDING.
Monroe county, December 25,1840.
I have tried one of Mr. Crenshaw’s Cotton Gins
of the ten inch circle, and am well pleased with it!
I am certain it will gin eight hundred pounds of
’ good merchantable Cotton in a day.
LEVIN E. CULVER.
Hancock county, Dtcembei 14,1840.
o'* l 13 wt Ist Jan.