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lid 11 J rOTI '1 FI r tvV‘ IWriIJH ITIFI
OLD SERIES, VOL. LVIL
THK CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
IS KlllfflEv DAILY, TBl-WKEKLY, AND WEEKLY,
BY J. W. & W. S. JONES.
The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel
( IS KITELISHSI) AT
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years, or two subscribers qne year for 85. 1
Tri- H eddy paper, at Five Dnffsn* per annum. 1
Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum.
Cash System.—ln no case will an order tor the i
paper be attended to, unless accompanied with t
the money; and in every instance when the time 1
for which anv subscription may be paid, expires 1
before the receipt of funds to renew the sub«enp- j
lion, the paper will be discontinued. Depreciated .
money received at its ,
Cftro.iiicu SbtnttiieL t
AUGUSTA. J
MORNING, JANUARY 14. 1
Exchange Bank of Brunswick.
The follo wing extract of a letter, from a re- '
spectable house in Savannah, to a hint in this
City, will show the reader how much reliance is
to be placed in the notice which appeared in the '
Savannah papers a short time since, that the
bills ofthis Bank would be redeemed at their j
Agency in Sat annah. The people will proha- 1
- hly learn ere* long how much faith to place in t
Banks that are driven to such straits to obtain a t
credit for lher bills. We observe a similar no- e
tice ofthe II iwkinsvii.i.e BxNKinthe Savannah 1
papers, and if after the faithless course that con- t
cem has pursued towards the holders ol its bills, t
thev again succeed in obtaining a circulation for '
their issues, the penions who are dupesenough to
re-ceive them, will deserve, (as they doubtless ;
will,) to •suffer the consequences: 1
Savannah, January 11, 1843. j
Gsntlf.mkn—Your favor of the 9th covering, t
slls in notes of the Exchange Bank of Bruns
wick, is received.—We have called on Mr. j
Holcomb —presuming that he would redeem f
them, as he lias done so of late, but be declines, I
having no more funds belonging to the Bank
to do it with; —he says he may be placed in [
funds in a few days. He declines buying them; V
and we cannot find any one who will purchase
them at anv rate.” (
’ 7
Fayetteville Advertiser. c
The Comptroller General's report to the last La- 1
gislature, shows the disbursement of over eighty I
dollars to this paper, in payment of advertising ,
and subscription. We have therefore suspended j
jn our counting room the last number of the paper, j
that those of our citizens who have any curiosity, I
may see to what purposes a portion of the Print- I
jng Fund has been appropriated, and the charac- *
ter of the paper with which hi* Excellency is L
wont to regale himself, to the exclusion of such A
papers as the “Savannah Republican,” the C
“Southern Whig,” and “Georgia Argus”—all of t
which he has recently ordered to be discontinued. (i
“There is no disputing about tastes,” and his Ex- I
cellancy, like every other man, has a right to read J
whatever paper he pleases, yet it may serve to J
show someiliing of his, mental calibre, it net cot
ruption, in ordering advertising to be done in such j.
a sheet.
The Charleston Courier of yesterday says, j
we understand that some of our Custom House J
officers, on Wednesday last, made a seizure of
about S3OOO worth of Cotton Bagging I
—. ■ — C
' A Charleston critic who says he has seen j
“the ordeal part of Hamlet performed by j-
Alergsson, in Stockholm, Nelson in Copenhagen
the lamented Jacobi in Hamburg,Lsnil Devrient
in Berlin, the far-lamed Lowe in Vienna, and I
bv Vandenhotf and Abbtrfi in America, pro
nouncea Forbes’ “personation of the youthful ;
Dane” superior to them all. But he adds singu. 1
iarly enough that Forbes plays it to empty
* benches. Alas, fur the American taste lot the j
drama.
It is generally considered that a man has a J
right to steal a kiss or an umbrella whenever he "
has a change. r
A poor little, softhearted, good natured friend
of ours, who has got a furious scold of a wife, J
with a double-edged sword ot a tongue, applied
to us the other day, with tears in his eyes, to e
know if she couldn’t lie prosecuted and punish- 1
ed, under the law against carrying concealed (
-weapons!
Those who indulge in splendor of dress and 1
equipage beyond the amount ot their incomes, I
are compared to houses on fire w hich shine by j
that which destroys them. | >
By the Queen of the West arrived Itete yes- I (
terday, we learn that on the 31st ult. the Sheriff ot 1
Smithland went on board the steamboat Prince- 1
ton, to take possession, and was resisted by the
captain and crew. The captain was wounded
in the arm by the Sheriff, and the boat cut loose •
while that functionary was on board. The cap
tain fired a pistol at the Sheriff, but missed him
and killed a citizen of Smithland, whose names
wecould not learn. —N. O. Tropic of the Ith.
Bio Potatoes. —Through the hands of one of
our friends, we received yesterday from Cincin
nati an Irish potato weighing not less than five
pounds. There are at least twenty potatoes in
one. This immense vegetable is from Kill
Park,” near Cincinnati, the property of Alex.
Stewart, Esq., of Cincinnati. We learn that
our old friend Stewart has raised about an acre
of just such potatoes. Tropic.
Lane Cargo.—The fine ship Rappahannock,
Capt. Drummond, cleared by S. &J. P Whit
ney, 4, Co., left our port yesterday for Liver
pool, with 4.102 bales of cotton; the largest
cargo ever taken from this port. — Tropic.
The Times. —The Philadelphia North Ame
rican says that a statement tr im the Treasurer
ot the Girard fund has lately been made public,
which furnishes a practical comment upon the
financial wonders of these days. The great sum
of $2,000,000, which was to have erected the
magnificent monument to the memory of thebe
queather, has dwindled to a pittance; $631,898 of
it has lieen expended; the balance is in deprecia
ted stocks, whose market value is about $675.000.
The $500,000 which was to have made the Del
aware front of Philadelphia the most imposing
of rive r sides, is in stocks of a like character.—
The.S'. 0,000 which was to have warmed the fire
side of many a poor housekeeper, yielded in the
year tH SS . and is *’ ortll *“ the ! Sfe"oo
sfrhe residuary fund of $535,655 ot stock and
toa ns. yielded nothing during the year How
mui c it >s worth is a problem that time, not ma
tliem.v’ics must decide. The receipts into the
Trea n” ry during the year were $245,275 92
The balance in the treasury ar the end of the
year was $34,562 66. Who needs a better ser
mon than this upon the vanity of wealth’
Loss of the Henry Clay.—The N. Orleans
Tropic o . the 7th says:—AVe regret to hear the
tossofthis boar, one’of the finest upon the river.
She struck a snag on Monday last, at Island 34
and sunk imm’diatelv The boat and cargo
(principally sugar) will be a total loss. This
boat was valued at about $30,000. and was in
sured for someth ng tike halt that amount. She
was only two.vs4rs old'anfl-was in the hand; of
some vftheVfevfrest menun thej-i . er.' 1
JJrThe Philadelphia National Gazette says,
%!- tlt.t a letter has been received in that city, from
’ a gentleman in China, which states tint “at the
of Chin-Kiana -too, three hundred women
admitted suicide, in preference to being subject
ed tt> the savage licentiousness of the British sol
diery.’’
Psatiovs Advemti re.—Capt. Taylor has
lately been engaged on Lake St Clair, in endea
voring to raise the steamboat Erie by means ot
the sub-marine armor. On the 18th ultimo, he
succeeded in gett.ngtke boat to the surface. At
midnight he and eight others attempted to reach
die land: two miles distant, but. mining that the
icehad broken from the shore, and ontimgm
Lhehikes-ull.but lour returned to the boat'. -
These' lour perished in the attempt and are sup
posed to have been drowned, and immediately
afterwards the ice was broken up by the waves.
City Election— Memorial.
At the request of Georoe W. Lamar, Esq.
we annex the Memorial of the citizens against
the change of the city election, accompanied by
the names of the subscribers to that memorial.
The reader has therefore an opportunity to learn
who are the Jp-“328 S’ANKEES”.<J who
dared to memorialise the Legislature against the
passage of a law , disfranchising a large portion
of the citizens. They must certainly be grow
ing exceedingly presumptuous, tn t.hiuk of memo
rialising the Legislature, against the passage of a
law, which would exclude a large portion of them
from voting for the municipal officers of a city,
in which they discharge all the duties ol' citizens,
and pay a large portion of the taxes! That
\>2s YANKEES” should memorialise a Geor
giy Legislature ! —the. thing is monstrous! in
tolerable I it’s not to be home'. Why, these
abominable, impudent fellows, were actually
bom north of the Potomac I!
To the Honorable, the Senate and House of
Representatives of the State of Georgia,
in General Assembly met.
T:e mi morial of the undersigned, of Au
gusta, respectfully ehcieetli:
That your memorialists regret to leant the
probable passage of a law, changing the time
of their City Election, from April to September.
Your memorialists believe, that a large ma
jority of our citizens arc opposed to this change;
Because
Pirst— The taw, non requiring a residence As
twelvemonths in the State, as a qualification
for a voter in the City Election is, if properly
enforced, a sufficient safeguard against impro
per voting.
Secondly— A large number of the business
men of the city, who pay a large portion of its
taxes, are regularly absent, on business, at the
time proposed : and if the change he made, will
be deprived ot their votes.
Your memorialists therefore pray that this
alteration may not take place:
J M Adams, Hiram Aldrich, Albert Adams,
W W Alexander, Richard Allen, P W Auten,
Jas Adams, J P Allen, Asa Adams, Robert Aus
tin, L L R Anthony, W 8 Adams.
W A Beall, W M Beall, A G Bull, John J
Byrd, H Blum, Robert Bleakly, W H Buford,
JosS Bean, H C Bryson, Alfred Baker, W D
Broome, Chas Baker, W Bell, S E Bowers, T
Bigmon, Jno Blotts, N Ballengal, E Bourgeois,
Ewdßarty, JB Bishop,C LBrayton,!’ DBou
tet, Israel Bond, Foster Blodget, W C Benyhill,
H Bowdre, W E Brodnax, A Boggs, Wm Bos
twick, A Baudrey.
Jno J Cohen, F M Cabot, Wm Cumming. D
W Calhoun, Jno Coghlan, J B Crim, Horace
Clark, Nelson Carter, Jno Craig, J S Clark, 8
T Chapman, Jno Cade, P Crump, Jno Carmi
chaeLßgnj S Cox, Dennis Collins, Wyllis Cat
lin, is.. *eld, J It Crocker, S B Clarkson,
Thus w Coskery, J J Crane, A Clegg, Jno B
Campbell, Jno F Carswell, MJ Carswell. Hen
ry E Clark, Thos Curry, B F Chew, A H Cook,
J A Christian, Robt D Carmichael, C J Cook,
John Carrie, Louis Cress, O E Carmichael, H
H Cumming, Jno W Conkling', A C Coldwell,
B Conley, Jno C Carmichael, Robt Clarke, J
M Collins, Jno Cashin, H Cafiin, F H Cooke,
W W Cheever, H O Cook, Wm Clageit, A 3
Conill, H H Clapp, O E Cashin, D L Curtis,
AV Cooper, H Calvin, Thos K Collier, E W
Collier.
Jas W Davies, Joseph Davis, F Diehl, CM
Dougherty, E W Dougiity, J M Dow, J Dan
forth, C Dwelle, L Dwelle, L A Dugas, O
Danforth, L P Dugas, M M Dye, G T Dortic
Jno R Dow, W M D’Antignac, W E Dearing,
J G Dunlap, Thos Dawson, Thomas Davis, C
Dickinson.
Samuel Edmonds. AV O Eve, G J Estabrook,
E C Ellington, AVm Edmonds.
John Finn. M Frederick, T W Freeman, P
Fleming, John L Fleming, J P Fleming, AVm
Fowler, W R. Fleming, L D Ford, J F Flint,
J C Fargo, E L Ferry, William M Frazer, J J
Flournoy, J Foster, B AV Force, 11 B Frazer.
A Gould, AV II Gordon, J C Goldsworth, B
F Gilbreath. C A Greiner, Wm T Gould, Jno
Guimarin, J C Green, H Gould, J Gardner jr,
J P Gardnier, G Gorton. Wm H Goodrich, Jas
Guernsey jr, J T Gardner, C E Grenville, Jas
Godliee, Natbl Greene, J TGould, J P Greiner,
A George.
Wm Harper. T E Hitt, J M Hutchens, M
Hitt. LT Hills. Jas Hulbert, M Hatch, W ,
Housley. W Hills. W Haines, jr H II Hick
man, FC Hills, J 11 Holt, N AA r Hooker, Wl*
Hadley. .1 S Hill. .1 Holmes. D II Hadley. J
Hankinson, E Henderson, W Holmes, AV
Houselev, jr D Hand, C B Hitt, J M Hand, R
D Hamlen. M J Hamlen, W J Holt, J Henry,
.1 F Hammond. Chas Hall, 1 A Hibler, S 11
Holbrook, W RHufi, F Hight, L Hopkins, J B
Hart, J Higginbotham, Jno Hill, 8 Hardman,
Jas Harper, W W Holt, B Hall, J P Henricks,
S A Holmes, Jas Hope, Jno Hubbard. II Han
son, D Hook, D Hodge, J L Houston, I Hen
ricks, S W Haughton.
Anton Iverson, Geo Ingraham.
AV H Jones, AV E Jackson, AV C Jessup, H
Jessup. C F Jones, D Jones, U J Jenkins, E It
Johnson. H AV Jones, J AV Jones.
L Kennon, S Kneeland, Jno Kerr. T J Keen
er. AV AV Knight, Jno Kirkpatrick, J Kent, J
Keregan, J G Kesterson, AV B Kimball, II Kun
ze, AV R Kitchens, J K Kilburn, B F Kenriek,
H Keener.
C Low, T Labutut.C Lindsey, E M Larsher,
1 Levy, O E Lee, Geo Lott, S Lindsey, O T
Lewis. W Lawson, Jno Low, AVm Little, J H
Lee, J C Leitner, O J Lewis .AV P Lawson. O
A Laroche, AV G Lark, JC Lark. A V La-
I fioche, H R Latimer, Chas Lodtman, V Luth
i ringer.
; J L McClendon, Jno J McGuire, George W
I Morgan, P McMahon, 8 H Morgan, J Meigs.
I G McLaughlin, R H May, 8 Millen D Mor
risson. T W Miller, .1 A Miller. D K Musttn,
John L Moore. Jas McCafferty, J B Murphy,
T McConnell, A Mast, J M McCafferty. A
McKenzie, Jno Morrison, TfS Metcalt, AV R
Millen, AV W Mann. AV J Mann, J Milligan,
Jno MeKennie jr, E Muslin, J D Mall, James
Miller, AV Mackie. A B Mallory, L S Morris,
J L Mims, J AV’ Meredith, N B Moore, E G
McGoulrick, Jas Manahan, D D McMurphy,
P H Mantz, W J Mealing, C A Miller, Thos
Motfit, F O N McGinnis, Jas McDonough, L
S McGuire. P Me. Can, A Mauge. .1 C Martin, J
Millen, Brit Mims, A Mclver, C B McCalla.
Geo McCord, Z McCord.
AV G Nimmo. B L Nehr. .1 Nelson, AV & J
Nelson, K Norvell. R Nicholl, G M Newton, B
F Nichols, AV H Nelson.
H O'Neal. *V M Olin, H Odum, J J Oetly,
J Oettlv, J Odum, J H O’Shea.
J V i Palmer. \A’ Papignau. W Philip, P
Ponllelt. A Philip, C Pike, II C Persch, W
Phillips, N Patten. J S Paul, C B Pease, T J
Parmelee, Il Parsons, Jno Parr, J A Pratt, C
A Platt, Benj Pyne, W H Platt, J Pace. R J
Pass, AV Pickering, B Piequet, P Paulin, E
Pritchard, H P Peek.
H AV Risley, F M Robertson, AVm M Row -
land. A J Rowland, R Rilev, J Rogers, AV A
Ramsey. S F Riplev. L Holl, H A Richmond;
AV P Ratlilione, A F Rudler, M Reilley, H A
Robert. E E Ramsay, J M Reeves, H F Russell.
Thos R Rhodes. J 'B Ramsey, L R Rhodes, H
Robert. A Robert, B B Russell, L Roath, J
Rhind, A Rowlapd, J Rosseau.G Racket!, Thos
Richards. It Rutherford, Robert A Reid, AV S
Roberts, tt
A P Sumner,.I A Snyder. A W Smith, A 11
Stone, P J Shanon, M A Stovall, AV A Sanford,
E E Scofield, J Sistrunk. A Stevens, W Smith
. jr J M Simpson, A Sibley., E L Symmons, J H
Spencer, H Stallings. L T Shopp, Jno Simpson,
[■ Jno Starr, E D Simonet, A Simonet, JfiO Sharp,
J C Snead, G A Simmons. P A Scranton. G
Simmons, P Stovall, J AV Stovall, J S Simmons,
J H Scranton, A Stevens. F S Spear, M P Sto
r vail. AV H Sikes, R PSpelman sr, R P Spehnan
' jr T P Stova 1, J M Simmons, E Sherman, A
Sabal J P Setze. C Salm, AV J Sterling, O B
. Sickles) T S Stoy, E Starnes, AVU Sturgis.
1 8 Tobev. E Thomas, J A Truchulet, TAV
1 Tolman, j F Turpin. Jno AV Turner, J F Tay-
I- lor, T T Tobin, J G Tramel, H Tow, G M
Thew, AVm Trembley, E C Tinsley, N F
e Townson, I V Tarver, S Tfitpan. F C Taylor.
J L Taylor, AV 11 Turpin. AV H Tqrpiff jr. J B
r Turpin.
L L Vanzam.
M AVilkinson. P D AVoolhopter, A AV Wal
ton. J s Wileox. s AV Wyman. H H AVilliams,
W J AVhitlock. L AA’eigle, K H Watson. J S
s AVinter, R Walton. A Waterman, Jno AA yatt,
e AVLAVarren. B II AVarren. LC Warren, D
r. White, L AA r hidby, JAV Whitlock, GAV AVil
-4 liams J Walton. W Wu ; .Jbnrv jt.d’H AVar
o ten. .I B AVilson. Jas AViisou .1 F Winter. I’ A
s AVhitlock. P Walton, P A Willie, AG 5A illis.
t- D R Wright. J AV Wilde. Richard H AVilde,
e TAVhceler. J AV Worrell. AV C Wat T H
>f AVvau.
j Zimmerman, J AV II Zinn.
N.t tical Invention. —The Silloineter has a
dial upon deck, which constantly shows the num
ber of miles per hour the vessel is going: con
sequently it is easy to discover, trader all <-ir
cuiustanct*?, what is the best trim ot the\e>sel,
and what the most advantageous quantity and
distribution of the sales for obtaining the great
est speed. As the Silloinetershows immediate
ly the effect which every alteration in the sails
or trim of the ship has on its velocity, it follows
also that ships fitted with the silloineter can con
stantly maintain the speed they may have agreed
upon, and so keep company together, and main
tain the same relative position, although, irom
the darlfn>’-> ot the night or thickness -if the
weather, they cannot see each other. To as
certain the distance run after any number ot
hours, it is simply to tajre th-manlier of prin
utesc.neof the watches has “.lined overite oth
er, and multiply that number by six, which gives
thedistance tun in mile-.—/.<»<•/<>.< llliihated
Neus.
FIVE DAYS LATER FROM EUROPE.
French Success in Algiers—Settlement of
Aliairs in Spain—Further from China-
Markets—Matters and Things In General.
The packet ship lowa, Captain Lewis, arrived
at New York on Sunday, thh Bth from Havre.
She sailed ihenbe on the Bth ult.
The Cotton market in Havre presented a little
better prospect.
There was no political or other news of im
portance in England. The peace with China
and the victories in India had spread general
satisfaction.
It was generally supposed that Parliament
would not assemble for the dispatch of business
until the first weekin February.
The postal treaty between the Austrian Gov
ernment and that of Baden, has just been rati
fied on both sides.
The French have been successful in Algiers,
the tribe of the Krallefashaving been submitted
—thus completing the submission of the whole
country between the territory of Morocco and
the left bank of the Mina.
A new government steamer of 120 hoist pow
er, called the “Napoleon” had been just launch
ed at Havre, to be worked on the principle of the
Archimides screw.
The London Sun intimates the speedy conclu
sion of a commercial treaty with Brazil, which
will effect a great reduction of duties.
The Belgian Chamber of Representatives has
terminated tire discussion on the bill tor sanc
tioning the treaty concluded with Spain. It was
adopted unanimously, with the exception of a
single vote.
11 appears from a statistical account of the
populationx>l the Island of Cuba, in the Madrid
Gazette, that there are 118,291 whites, 88.051
mulattoes, 10,974 mulatto slaves, 64,784 free
blacks, and 126.621 black slaves, making a total
of 1,007,621.
The population of Rome in 1841, says a jour
nal of that city, amounted to 158,868. In 1812
there were only 136,269 inhabitants.
The Commerce Beige announces that the offi
cers for the verification of passports on the Bel
gian frontiers areabout to be suppressed, and a
new system adopted, which will be less annoy
ing to travellers.
i’he fog which has enveloped Paris for some
days extended it appears to a considerable dis
tance in the conntiy, and rendered travelling ex
ceedingly dangerous. The diligence, which ar
rived on’Sunday morning from Champagne was
forced to proceed at a walk for a length of time,
the postillion leading his horses by the light of
several lanterns, andthe passengers following on
loot.—So great was the delay, that instead of
arriving at lOal night did not reach the Court of
the Messagelies until five the next morning.
Yesterday evening the fog in Paris was for some
lime more intense than the preceding days.
In the Court of Queen’s Bench to-day, Mr.
Stockdale, the well-known publisher, obtained
X'WO damages against Captain Gossett and oth
er officers of the House of Commons, for enter
ing and searching his house under the warrant
of the Speaker, on the occasion of the action
against Hansard, the printer, and the circum
stances arising out of that case, which attracted
so much publie attention. Damages were laid
at £10,(100.
Correspondence of the Charleston Courier.
Washington, January!).
This was quite a stirring day in the House.
Mr. Botts gave notice that he would to-morrow
bring forward his long threatened articles of im
peachment against John Tyler. The notice
was not regarded in a serious light. It occa
sioned more merriment than any thing else.
Whether the matter will be seriously consider
ed or not, is very doubtful. There are many
whigs who are disposed to tty it.
The States were called for resolutions, and
Mr. Fillmore, when he got the floor, asked leave
to make a report from the Committee on AVays
and Means, which was assented to. Mr. Fill
more then made an argumentative report against
the Exchequer scheme which was referred to
them. He stated that the report was unani
mously concurred in by the committee.
Mr. Atherton, a democratic member of the
committee, then made another report from the
minority’ ofthe committee, and concluding with
a resolution directing that committee to report a
bill tor the better keeping, disbursement, tec., ol
the public monies—meaning the sub-treasury
bill.
A debate ensued in which it appeared that the
whig majority ot the committee were in favor of
an old-fashioned National Bank trad nothing
short ofit; and that the democratic minority were
lor the sub-treasury, and nothing beyond it.
Mr. Wise wished tu refer these instruelioDs
to the committed of the AVhole on the state ot
tlie Union, for a full discussion ofthe merits of
the two plans compared with the plan of the ad
ministration. He would undertake to prove
that the Exchequer plan would effect all the ob
jects proposed in the instructions; ami that it
would, al the same time, afford great relief to
the people. He warned both parties against ad
hering to their ultra measures, in disregard of
the sufferings of the country. He said too t hat
the democrat presses had evinced a disposition
to make the sub-treasury an exchequer. He
rated the whigs for adhering to the Bank, and
declared that he preferred the sub-treasury to it.
Mr. Granger said the Committee had come to
the conclusion that he had desired. There was
norea.sonwhy the whig party should abandon
their principles and measures: and as to the Ex
chequer plan, as proposed by the Executive there
was never a time when one man on this floor was
willing to pledge himself to support it. It was
a very long shoot of a government bank en'-rafted
on the stock ofthe snb-treasuty.
Mr. Joehph R. Ingersoll also supported the
views’of the majority of the Committee, and
spoke in favor of a bank. In reply to the allega
tion often, made, that a bank is impracticable, he
stated that the time had perhaps been when it
was so, but that now specie was flowing into
the country, and there was every prospect of
confidence ami business.
Mr. Marshall of Kentucky made a humour
ous speech in support ot a national bank. He
said lie did not know whether the whig ,party
would ever revive or not, but, whether it did or
not, he did not suppose that he would be allowed
to remain in their ranks. But if they died, he
hoped they would die gallantly, contending to the
last, for their principles. None could avert
their fate, but it was in the power of all to meet
the blow bravely. As to the exchequer'll plot, he
wished to see a declaration against it from the '
whigs. The democrats now felt themselves
strong enough to sustain their own scheme —the
sub-treasury, without the aid of the administra
tion. From the bottom of his heart he pitied the
President and his friends on this floor, in their
distressed situation.
He was sorry to witness their mortification.
They come here ami say, “we have dashed out
the brains ofthe whig party against the veto, and
here they lie quivering at your feet—now, won't
you help us for that!’’ The democrats reply—
“why no. we can’t-T-hut we thank you for what
you have done torus—hope you will do more—
but as for touching you, we can't think of doing
it, even with a ten foot pole.”
The friends ofthe administration on this floor
had gone further, they had offered the whole
power and patronage of the government to the
democrat . if they would only adopt the ex
chequer. Could it be, asked Mr. Marshall,
that Daniel AVebster who assisted so much in
the groat ccial and moral and political revolu
tion of 1t- lft, would lend all his influence and.
power to the democratic cause, for the sake of
carrying this exchequer!
Mr. Marshall was going on in this way when
Mr. Proffit, noticing the clock, sprung up, told
him his hour was out. and claimed the floor to
reply.
Mr. Marshall liegged to add that he had much
10 spy on the subject of his own relations to
tlie whig party. He should get the floor
again soon, and then, no matter whatiqight be
the subject- he should continue his speech
straight on. The House adjourned amt Mr.
Proffit speaks when the subject again comes up.
In the Senate, the Oregon bill was taken up,
and Mr. Calhoun, at whose instance it was laid
aside, spoke about half an hour against the bill
—endeavoring to show that it conflicted with
the stipulations of the convention with Great
Britain, whereby both nations were precluded
from exercising the exclusive right of occupy
ing thp territory. Mr. Choate wasof the same
opinion, and Mr. Mcßoberts and Mr Hender
son ofa contrary 'opinion. Mr. Calhoun will
reply to-morrow.
Love of Flowers.—The prevailing fond
ness for flowers, especially among the ladies, is
a beautiful indication of the growth ot refine
ment and taste. Flowers breathe purity, .rad
their language is love, and hence they are cher
ished by wquten will) such ceaseless devotion.—
An elegant write; remarks, “In all countrie;:
women love flowers: in ail countries they form
nosegays of thein; but it is only in the bosom of
plenty 'that they conceive the iilea of embelli-h
--ingtheir dwelling- with them. The cultivation
among the peasantry indicates a'rev
olution in a'l theit|ieelings. Il is a delicate plea
sure. which makes its way through coarse or
gans: it is the sense of the beautiful, a faculty ot
the soul, which is awakened. Man, then, un
derstands that there is in the gifts of nature, a
something more than is necessary tor existence;
colors, forms, odors, are perceived for the first
time, and these ■ hannine objects have al last
spectators. Those who have travelled in the
country can testify that a rose tree underthe
win low. a lionet-sin kle round the <toor of a cot
tage. are always a good omen to a tired traveller,
'i’he han-1 that cultivates flowers is not closed to
the application of the poor, or wants; of a stran
ger ;”
' Women love flower*.
Because ihev Lcai ‘ MMiifitude to their own
Breathing fraerauce vxlien >ht*rished. but
Dying ten< .ith cohln®"* and negket?'
AUGUSTA, GA. THURSDAY MOUSING, JANUARY 1.9, 1843.
FRIDAA' MORNING, JANUARY 13.
Congressional Election.
The “Southern Recorder” of the Hlth instdis
courseth alter the manner following upon the
result:
“The AA r hig party have succeeded in elesling
their candidate by an overwhelming majority.
AVe Offer rmr congratulations to our friends, on
this auspicious beginning of tluincii: year.
AVc have at present but one reflection to offer
in connection with the result of the election be
fore us. It is the striking absurdity in which it
presents the late legislative action in relation to
Mr. Senator Berrien. AVe of course speak not
of |he mode of action, but of the thing itself . Let
us just look at it. . The majority of the legisla
ture, assuming to represent (by the mete fact op
their election) the public will andthe public
■sentiment, in that capacity offer their views to
our Senator in relation to his political course,
tantamount to instructions to him to resign his
office, because he docs not truly represent the
public will. This is assumed to be true iiom
the mere fact that those who disapprove tfis
course, have been elected to the legislature.—
Now the ink of their letter ofinst. action is hard
ly dry, and the writers just returned totheUxsomj
of their constituents on the conclusion of their
own political labors . (these iuslrucric*-*•
tion of ti.wm) when the peofihf’tirei-ailcd on for
another expression of political opinion and po
litical prefrtrenee, as between one thoroughly and
public ly identified with the course of our Sena
tor, and that too in the very legislative body
sending forth these instructions, and another as
distinctly and as publicly noted as the opponent
and censurer of the course ol our Senator. AV ell,
what is the response of the people ! To sustain
most triumphantly the advocate and approver
of out Senator, and a most overwhelming
rejection of him who voted his censure.—Might
not on r Senator, as a response to the letter of in
struction of tlie majority of the legislature, reply
by pointing to this expression of public senti
ment subsequent of that action, and tell the
honorable majority to exemplify their own no
tions by bowing to rhe public expressed senti
ment, and resign their offices. Surely the infet
ence is inesistable.
Mr. Berrien, in view of the last decided ex
pression of public feeling, will, we suppose, even
on. the principle of his opponents, find himselt
very easy in his seal, however unpleasant the
laic public manifestation may make his adjunct,
Mr. Cuthbert, the other members in opposition
to us, and the honorable members themselves
who have, by their own action, condemned
themselves, as puilir agents, and who must, to
be consistent, resign their offices.”
A Moncteh Skeleton. —The'Ozark Stand
ard (St ringfield, Mo.) says: ‘ We have now in
our office a jaw tooth of an animal, dug up near
AVarsaw in Benton county that weighs 14J
pound-. The tusks found at the same place and
suppoeed to belongto the sams monster,are about
13 feet long. According to the best calculation
that can be made, the skeleton, when completed,
will be 40 feet in length and 28 feet high. AVe
'’.understand that it is the intention ot the proprie
tors to send the skeleton to New Orleans.
Tnt: Pooh.—What a pity it is that the rich
can’t feel for the poor as freely and kindlj’ as
the poor teel for each other. Editors are con
stantly appealing in behalf of the poor, them
selves generally’ the poorest devils to be iound.
Another Steamboat Accident.—The New
Orleans Crescent City of the 6th inst. says—By
the manifest of the Victress, we learn that the
steamer James AVood was run intoon the 4th
inst. by the steamer Mazeppa, five miles below
Bay’ou Plaqucmiiie, and in two minutys to
the boiler deck. The ftimituie was irtcstl;/sa v-
—ber cargo, consisting of cotton, tobacco,
pork and lard, supposed to be a total loss. One
negro, (a fireman) fell overboard and was drown
ed' No other lives lost. Insurance $6,090.
To Preserve Steel Pens.—A writer in the
Mercantile Journal gives the following direc
tions :—“For the convenience of those who have
writing to do. and consequently know the com
fort of a clean pen, I would recommend their
using very coarse emery, say No. 4. The writ
er has used the article for this purpo.se for the
last three years, and has fully testedits value;
the polishing quality ofthe emery serves to keep
the point ot' the pen smooth, and prevents that
scratching point, which will sometimes occur
from corrosion. I make use ot a small sized
tumbler, about half full of emery, and the emery
kept partly covered with water. The water in
the emery- should be changed occasionally, as it
mav appear necessary- Until tried, no one can
imagine the vast superiority over any other
mode of cleaning steel of metallic pens.
yjrThe last Federal Union staießthat?s!H,«37
of Central Bank bills, old emission, and $177.-
295 of the emission of 1840 were burnt on the
6th inst.
Letter Postage.
We noticed, yesterday, the change in letter pos
tage, suggested by the Postmaster General, in his
recent report to tlie Senate. This change, if
adopted, will operate as a heavy burthen upon our
citizens on all their correspondence with Charles
ton and Savannah, proposing, as it does, to in
crease the postage on all single letters, between
these points, from 12. J to 15 cents.
Fire.—lt is stated in the Cassville Pioneer, of
the 6th inst., that the mills of Messrs. Solomon
&. Martin, situated about a mile and a half from
that place, were entirely consumed, together
with a large quantity of grain, on the night of
the 2:i in-t. Loss estimated at about S7IMX>.
Division ot'S*poils.
The Washington Correspondent of the South
ern Recorder says:
“ 1 have just heard of a spe< imcn of Locofoco
division of “/oares and fishes, ” which should be
told to every freeman. In the last Congress, a
law was passed for the publication of the census.
It was given to Blair & Rives; they have execut
ed the work, and are now paid for it. The Loco
tocos contracted with them at such exorbitant
prices, that they have made out ofthis one job,
the enormous sum of eighty thousand dollars clear
profit!!! Who before ever heard of such unpar
allcled extravagance ! The Democrats left the
debt unpaid—the Whigs have paid it; and it is
now raked up against them, as a part of their er
trarasanl expenditures. One of your members
in Congress, I think jt was a Mr. Cooper, stated
tn a speech which I have seen printed, that the
IVhigs arranged tiffs matter to suit themselves.
Pay-day has contradicted him, and proved that
his party and himself did it all—could have pre
vented it, if they would —but to reward a partizan
press, thev did not. Keep these facts before the
people. Let them see the truth, and they will
not be backward in appreciating it.”
Kentucky.
The Legislature of this State began its animal
session at Frankfort on the last day of Decem
ber. M. V. Thompson, Lieutenant Governor,
took the Chair as presiding officer of the Senate,
and John L. Helm was elected Speaker of the
House ofßepresentatjves.
The Message of Governor Letcher—the sound
and sight of whose name have a charm for all
who have had the same opportunities as we have
of knowing how to value the man—is published
in the Frankfi... “Commonwealth” of the 3d in
stant. Characteristic of the writer, it commends
itself (as the editor of that paper truly says) by
the frank and patriotic tone which pervades it. It
is short, comparatively, but what there is of it is
very much to the purpose. Respecting National
politics, after adverting to the prostration of enter
prise and the distress qn'd distrust which gener
ally prevail, whilst our country abounds in every
variety and profusion of the richest products of
the earth, and enjoys besides the blessing of peace
abroad and at home, he justly ascribes tills state
of things mainly to the failun of the General
Government to perform its high constitutional
function of providing and establishing a sound
uniform national currency, adequate to the busi
ness wants of the country. “Once," says he.
“we were blessed with as good, if not the best,
currency in the world, and, being deprived of that,
we have experienced little else than trouble front
that day to this;” concluding his remarks on this
head with the following observations, in which,
we need not say, we heartily concur:
“The sovereign remedy for the afflicting mala
dy under which wc have suffered so long and so
severely, is, 1 think, in the power of our national
rulers. Whenever they may be pleased toadmin
ister it, speedy symptoms of recovery will srjn
follow. Until that is done, the disease can nev. r
be entirely eradicated, though there may be occa
sional temporary iqtervals of hnprovemept.
General Jacksoii’aJFine.
The New Orleans Bee l "“ btlteb s
from the “ 7>opd’,” and adds
“The objectot the Locolocd^n .thrustingthis
topic upon the attention of I Ito® tion at this late
day, is apparent enough, it I®’ obtain posses
sion of Ute government oncejK'te, by evoking
the spirit of Jackson ism to the drooping
energies of the party as in past, when the
name of the hero of New Orleaiis proved as ir
resistable al elections asjiis pfowess aforetime
in the field.
It is strange that this busifo-.w should have
been first stirred in the north— stranger
that no notice should have hJKrfaken of it
whilst the party of Gen. Jacksnrflßas in the as
cendancy and ready’to bestoff(.llpjn him any
token ol fealty, however costly^.-It was only af
lertlie defeat of die Loeofuyos when the
retirement of the popular idol hSii weakened the
spell that glossed the political Sets of a milita
ry chieftain with the relfected IqKje ofthe battle
field, that the Legislature of New York dug up
this relic from the mouldy recMpfot the court,
to be used as an amulet to ein.4y»j the multitude,
once more into a blindsubmiswh t:>lhe dictates
ot the ex-president*
Had those states, wltose' achieved the
splendid victories of ’ll -’ls. •®bderlhe com
mand of Gen. Jackson, token tMjiead in recom
mending the return of the fiiie.As affair would
not have worn an aspect sotho<Bwhly partizaa.
Hut it was left for the LegislabiigpfjNewYork,
-iitiiie u> the city ne>.t of
politii-al selieuierjj. to hatcl^^ :n
’■eptiii..
V.as ii.iji.>-e.: Wt’.mvl'idlv ‘ rictotisin-
tent, the south-western states ulio-e soldiers
flocked to the American standard upon the field
of Chuiiii-;:/--. wouH have required a prompter
from the north to remind them ol then , duty I
Does any one think that the records of the judi
ciary would have fared bettor than those ol the
United States Senate ’ Or wuuldnottlte achie
vers of the e.rpungiug trophy have begrimed the
pages ot the Senate's journal with blackest mal
edictions upon the memory of Judge Hall, had
there been a question of his patriotism ? ’
Yet. noiv. ithstanding the Loeofbcos made no
move in bringing litis matter before the nation,
when they could have passed just what bill they
pleased, and although the subject was presented
m a questionable shape, the whigs generally
have shown themselves willing to forget all that
has passed except the brilliant military services
of Gen. Jackson, and refawd the fine, rnith
costs and interest. But this will not answer the
ends of the movers in this business. They in
sist that the National Legislature shall, in con
junction with the return of the line, pass a sol -
emn law. attainting the memory of Judge Hall,
—assailing his fame as a juticial officer, and
branding him as a traitor to his country. Now
we would ask, what sort of spectacle would the
membersof Congress exhibit, were they serious
ly to set about to pass a law of attainder against
a man whose bones have longxince become dust
—and do this without evidence, upon the bare
suggestion of party idolatry.
TheAVhig members of the U.S. Senate, last
session, nearly all of them, voted for a bill to re
fund General Jackson, the fine and interest; but
the Loafocnsin a body voted agninsl itll because
a clause was not inserted in it damning the
memory of a dead man.—Does not ibis t-iiow,
that the object of the movement is agitation !
We believe that the originate!-, of this excite
ment do not really desire the line to be paid'—
they would prefer to have the matter remain a
theme for electioneering declamation —a sort of
expimgine hoUny, adapted to the straddle of small
politicians
Congress has a right to ictuin the flue, if they
think fit to do so; and in arriving at a decision
upon the question, a member ntuy bejustified
in voting in favor of doing so, without scrutini
zing into the legal merits ot the case. Consid
erations growing out of the ige of General Jack
son, his acknowledged services and brilliant
achievements, might well sway the mind ofthe
National Legislature; but when the memory of
the dead is sought to be impugned, they have no
right to act, except upon proof the most certain,
irrefragable and convincing.
Has not the earth a sufficient number <*' liv
ing victims, that the grave must be violated for
a liolocatLst! Have not the people of these
United States manifested their regard and grati
tude tor General Jacksoa in a sumcient number
of ways, that they must now inscribe a libel u]>-
on another man s tombstone in further token of
adulation? Audit is not amongst possible things
that a man may differ with amt yet be a jialrrot ?
Is the character, the nature, or the quality ophe
Ex'P>e.'ku-ai ratcli, that uctUW'ff't I '“‘ airaKtve
.S :!>. l,?’n.-h'th f>r rti utxfcvraire’
earth, can have a being witffWM >tming a part
of himself, or yielding to the aMtibing influenc
es ofhis eccentric existence? Must every thing
bend lielbre the exclusive attributes of his fame
until there is nothing left for other people to swear
by? ft would seem that the locofocos intended
to pass a law to the effect that, to name his name
is argument to prove all things to enforce anv
thing to overwhelm every body and establish
any thing or nothing . as the interest ofthe party
may require.
Frauds.
The New York Express gives the following
list of frauds in that city during the past year :
J. Cashier of the Commercial Bank,
say $50,000
•J. Thomas Lloyd, Collector of City
Revenue 100,000
3. Jas. T. Schermerhorn, Secretary
of Ocean Insurance t fompany.. 150.000
J. John Ahern. Mayor’s Clerk 50,000
5. James AViitd, fir.'i marshal 50.000
6. Pollock, Clerk in tlie Bank of A-
merica 20,000
7. E. A. Nicoll, Secretary ofthe Nev.
>fork Life A' Trust Company.... 250,(KK)
$670,000
An Ancient Party.—On Cliristmas day,
twelve guests (seven ladies and five gentlemen)
dined at the table ofa gentleman in New Bed
ford, Massachusetts, whose aggregate ages
amounted to 919 years. The-ages'ol the ladies
are 83, 80, 75, 71,71,70,63: aggregate 516.
Ages of the gentlemen 85,85. 81, 79, 73 : a/tgre
gale 103. Total 919. All the parties were in
good health, are nearly related by blood or mar
riage, and in the enjoyment ofa green old age.
What pleasant recollections of old limes must
this venerable party have discussed.
The Harvey Winchell, spoken of in many of
the papers, as keeping a school at Jalapa, and
having for a pupil one of Santa Anna’s daugh
ters, was in no way connected with the Santa
Fe Expedition.— picayitnc.
Massachusetts.
The Massachusetts House of Representative*
had effected no election of Speaker up to tlie
hour when the mail left on the evening of the
6th. A third ballot on Thursday resulted in 175
votes sot Thomas Kinuicut, whig, and 175 for
Seth J. Thomas, democrat. No choice. A
discussion then arose as to the right of Thomas
Fash, Jr. ot Whately, to a seat, which was
continued during the remainder of the day’s sit
ting. It appeals that Mr. Nash presented no
certificate of Iris election, but had taken the oath
of office and voted for Speaker.
On Friday morning the debate was continued
on the same subject, rite motion bei»g to “disal
low the vote of Mr. Nash, of AVhatch," which
prevailed, yeas 177, nays 175.
Mr. AValley then ottered a preamble and re
solutiondeclaring Mr. Kinnicutt to have been
chosen Speaker, in copsequence of the disallow
ance of Mr. Nash’s vote.' After some objection
Mr. AValley withdrew his proposition.
Mr. Colby, of New Bedford, offered a pream
ble and resolution, deelaringthat as two persons,
AVhite and Nash, apjieared and claimed scats
from AVhately, and as neither had certificates of
election, neither be entitled to vote.
This elicited a warm discussion which had
not terminated when the mail left.
In the Senate, on Thursday, the Secretary of
State brought in the returns of votes for Govern
or, Lieutenant Governor and Secretary, which
were referred to a committee. The returns for
Senators were disposed of in the same way
On Friday the) e was quite a contest as to who
should be chaplain ot the Senate, which bad not
terminated when the evening papers went to
press. On the tenth ballot, the last of which we
have any information, the vote stood as follows:
the Rev. John Humphreys had 9 votes; Bishop
Eastbuinf), Rev. O. A. Skinner 3. Rev. Baron
Stow I. and the Hon. Frederick Robinson 1,
and the President declared theta was no choice.
So uf.t;iing Rn n. A late number of the Bos
ton Courier contains an account ofa grand
“Swanv " that recently came oft'at Hull, Massa
chusetts, a place that enjoys about the same noto
riety. and for nearly the same reasons that made
Rowseville R. 1., “aplace”some two yearssince.
AVe give the bill offare, which is extra rich:—
Couistibl s.— Corn-bifatt cut-and-come-again;
Fricandeau de tomcod; Eel pie en wriggle; Picket
hereng cum grano salts; Choudre de clatnmes:
Jamban au slice-nicy; Trottoirs de pig au galop:
Flappejaques a la melssse: Ice de creme au 1 igh
hou.se; Pommes, Poires, Frontage; NotAValnut.s
Liyueurs —Vinde Champagne; Parfait amour
de hard cidre; Pciiche au viski; Ginne a la coqne
tcle; I. < >. U.: Tip and Ty. Timber Doodle.
The “swan v ” went off ay fee newspapers say.
• with grua, Liiaiti', aitd good ll vliu. Kalett
der and SatuinoUs buried die h'at het about that
joke that was not laughed at. and shook {tands
I very cordially.
MONDAY MORNING, JANUARA’ 16.
Massachusetts LEofsuATCßr.—On the 7th
Daniel P. King, AVhig, was on the fourth
ballot chosen Speaker of House of Representa
tives by a majority of one, over two opposing
democratic candidates. Mr. King has hereto
fore presided in the State Senate. The latest
received accounts speak of no attempt to elect a
Govet n»r.
ImjHtrtaitt from Mexico.
The New A'ork Union has the following im
portant intelligence from Mexico, received by
the barque Anahuac, at that port:
Veka Cruz, Dec. 19, 1812.
The news from the city of Mexico is most in
teresting. Gen. Gutturez, of San Luis, has de*
clarod for a dissolution of Congress, abd the
naming of a new body by Santa Anna to tonii a
new Constitution lot the country. A similar
move, is made in Ptutbja by Gen. Canalzo. This
news was sent by express to Mexico to Gen Tor
nall Minister ot AVar, who immediately made it
known to Congress.
This body replied that they were the real re
piesentativcs of the country, and would not be
ill ivjn from their scats except by force of arms.
This is purely a military movement.
News has arrived here, from the west, of the
occupation of Montery, atown in California, by
Commuiiote Jones, of the frigate United Stales
and dcorvette Cyane. He held the. town about
Iwo days a::-; tlicp_gaV'* it up. lieclat ing dial i.e
At. ■’!><•
The Mexican General ia command gai’e' in
formation of a body of 3.009 Texians inarching
towards Rio Grande. Campeaehy still bolds out
against the Government ol Mexico., The gar
rison ofthis city (Vera Cruz) is momentarily
expected to declare in favor of the revolution a
gainst Congress.
Mr. AV. E. Dryden, with seven other Ameri
cans, who had been confined nearly 12 months
in Chihuahua, have been liberated by the Mexi
can Government through the interposition of the
United States Minister.
[G. 8. Curson, Esq, bearer of despatches
from out Minister at Mexico to the Secretary ot
State, anivedat New York on Sunday last, and
proceeded to AVashington.]
TAVE N T V-S EV E NTH CO NG R ESS.
Correspondence of the Baltimore American.
AA t ashinoton, January 10.
UNITED STATES SENATE.
REPORTS FROM COMMITTEHS.
A bill for the relief of Richard Henry Wilde,
asking for some favor in the way of copy-right;
Mr. AV. intending to publish some new work.
A bill for the relief of Andrew Jackson, with
an amendment. This bill came with a report,
the reading of which was called lor.
The report (submitted by Mr. Berrien) was
first read, and it proposed an amendment of both
the title and provisions of the bill:
That the title should be a bill for the relief ol
General Jackson.
“That in consideration of the distinguished
military s-.wifes.of General Jackson, the Secretary
of the Treasury should pay to Andrew Jackson
the sura of one thousand dollars, with interest
at six percent, from the time of the payment of
the fine, &c.
’l’he report made no comments upon the mer
its ol the case, and it was therefore but a brief
statement of the tacts giving the circumstances
by which the report had been referred. This
having been read, Mr. Walker of Miss, (a mem
ber of the Judiciary Committee) presented what
was called a minority report. It gives the au
thor’s statement of the facts as to the imposition
of the fine, and contains a most exalted eulogy
on General Jackson. It declares that he will
not receive the SIOOO thus appropriated, and be
sides this, such a bill.“for the relief of,” instead
of “the indemnification of ’’General Jackson, can
never receive his approval.
The reports were both ordered to be printed—
Mr. Walker’s being of considerable length, and
eulogistic:
Mr. Linn moved the printing of 20,090 extra
copies.
Objections were made, and after tome debate
upon a point of order, the motion was modified
to 10.000 copies and laid over until to-morrow.
OREGON 811.1..
The hill providing for the armed occupation
and settlement of the Oregon Territory, came up
in the regular ureter,
Mr. Bayard said that upon deliberation he had
concluded hot to offer the amendment. The Bill
presented either way alt extremely difficult qties
«fo’s 18* ■ orak-Fnot vote for it as it was. xhough
he was willing to vote for the the Bill, if modi
fied as had been suggested by the Senators from
South Carolina and Massachusetts.
Mr. Calhoun then moved to postpone the bill
ÜBtil to-morrow which prevailed.
HOUSE.
Mr. Fillmore, from the Committee on Ways
and Means, reported three bills, viz:
A bill making appropriations for the Naval
Service;
A bill making appropriation for fulfilling
treaty stipulations with certain Indian tribes;
and
A bill making appropriation for pensions.
All these bills make appropriation for the half
calendar year, beginning on the Ist of January,
1843, and ending on the 30th day of June, 1813,
and for the fiscal year beginning on the Ist day
of July, 1813, and ending on the 30th day of
June, 1844. They were referred to the Com
mittee of the Whole.
Mr. Kennedy, of Man land, asked the House
to discharge the Committee of the Whole from
the consideration of the joint resolution report
ed at the last’session, on the subjec t of a recipro
city of commercial regulations with foreign
power-.
Objection being made, Mr. Kennedy moved
a suspension of the rule ; but the motion did not
prevail—ayes 70, noes 62.
IMI'EACIIMEXT.
Mr. Bott ; rose to a privileged que- tion, and
Io acquit himself of the promise which he made
yesterday, to bring in charges on which to found
an impeachment against John Tyler, the Vice
President, and now acting President of the U
nited Stales.
The Chair decided that the gentleman was in
order, as he proposed a high constitutional
question.
Mr. Everett appealed from the decision of the
Chair.
Mr. Cushing asked lor the yeas and nays.
Mr. Bolls said that he proposed to introduce,
to the House i hajges of corruption, of miscon
duct, el high crimes and misdemeanours com
mitted by tiie acting President ofthe United
States and he stood, prepared to prove, by testi
mony, the most conclusive and irresistible, the
truth of these charges; and asked the House to
inquire into them. After some further remarks,
Mr. Ev erett said that he had made an appeal
from the decision of the Chair.
Mr. Botts insisted that, as he (Mr. Botts) had
been suffered to proceed, it was too late to take
;;n appeal.
Air. Everett maintained a contrary opinion.
Some t onv ersalion took place with reference
to what was the que.-tion belbre the House; and
the ch <tg 'IMt . Botts were then read. They
are, tn brief as follows:
Mr. Botts charges the acting President, 1.
W ith having allowed old claims vv hich he: etofbre
had been rejected by the accounting officers; 2
wicked and corrupt appointments and removals
from office; 3. High crime of aiding the revolu
tionary spirit in the country, by signing the ap
portionment act apd filing his reasons in the De
partment against it; 4.0 f keeping persons in office
after having been rejected by the Senate; 5. Os
having withheld his assent to laws for the just
operations of the Government: 6. Os a corrupt
use of the veto power; 7. Os shameless duplicity
and falsehood in his Cabinet; 8. Os instituting
commissioners to inquire into Custom-House
fraudsand paying those conducting the inquiry
without authority of law; and, 9. Os having with
held information called tor by the House in re
lation to frauds, having thereby become an ac
cessory to the same
Mr. Botts sent a resolttlion to the Chair,
which, after being modified, read as follows:
Resolved, That a committee of nine members
be appointed, with instructions diligently to in
quire into the truth of the charges preferred a
gainst John Tyler, and to report to the House
the testimony taken to establish such charges;
together with their opinion whether the said
John Tyler has so acted in his official capacity
as to require the interposition of the constitu
tional power of (he House.
Some confusion prevailed, and various re
marks were made as to the precedent in former
cases of impeachment. Finally
Mr. Cave Johnson inovedjo lav the whole
subject on the table
Mr. Botts called for the yeas and navs, vvhi< h
being taken, resulted—yeas 101. navs 109.
So the motion did not prevail
The question then recurred on seconding the
demand for the previous question: and it was
decided in the affirmative.
And on the question, shall the main question
—(on the resolution)— be now put?
Mr. Underwood called for the yeas and nays,
which were, yeas 122, nays 90.
So the main question was ordered.
Before it was taken, Mr. Granger asked to be
excused from voting, because, he said one ot
the articles related to the Uabineq ami there
was a time when he (M l '- G.) was an active ac
cessory to the President in political innocence.
(Ju ints motion, the yeas and nays were tel.-
e.n, and the gentleman from Ne,w A <-r» was ex
cused—yeas 111, nays 91.
The question was then taken on the adoption
ofthe resivlution, and it was deckled in the nega
jiv tr-yeas 83, nays 127,
So she resolution was not adopted.
Reports from committees were called for, and
a large number were presented.
The House proceeded to the consideration of
the resolution reported by the Committee of
Ways and Means yesterday, declaring that the
plan of the Exchequer ought not to be adopted.
Mr. Proffitt addressed the committee tor an
hour in defence of lite administration, and in op
position to the resolution, in a speech which
manifested no particular friendliness to the op
position party. Mr. Proflit ventured the predic
tion that the next Congress would do nothinglbr
the currency, and nothing at all beyond the pas
sage ofthe appropriation bills.
Mr. Underwood of Ky, is addressing the
House as I close.
Correspondence ofthe Charleston Patriot.
Av ashinoton, January 11.
A’ery little business was done in either branch
of Congress to-day.
' SENATE.
Ihe President of the Senate laid before the
body the following message from tlie President
of the United States, made in compliance with
the resolution of the 27th December last, calling
lor curtain information in relation to the
at INTI.PI.E TREATY, AFRICAN SLAVE TRADE, &C.,
And after the reception of petitions, the bill
continuing in force the several insolvent acts so
far as they relate to debtors ofthe United States,
was taken up and passed. The remainder of
the day was devoted to private ami local busi
ness.
HOUSE.
The. cQnsideration of the resolution relative
until ffie ex jntation ofthe itroming hour,
The report of the Committee on AYays aifd
Means relative to the Exchequer plan, was next
considered.
Mr. Underwood spoke against the scheme,
and replied to the political remarksol'Mr. Prof
fit on. yesterday.
Mr. Everett followed and moved the jirevious
question, jiending which raotionthe House at a
very early hour adjourned.
There are now three principle topics for dis
cussion, viz,. The Bankrupt Bill, the Exchequer
and the fine of Gen. Jackson, and the speeches
have so little reference to the subject, that it
would be impossible for a stranger to tell on
which question they were made. I think it verv
evident that members do not intend killingthem
selves with business at the present session.
AVashinoton, January 12.
UNITED STATES SENATE.'
The President ofthe Senate presented a com
munication from the Treasuiy Department, in
relation to the Loan.
FRENCH CLAIMS.
A bill making an appropriation for the pay
ment of spoliations committed by the French
prior to 1800, was very briefly before the Senate.
Mr. King was anxious to have the considera
tion of the bill postponed to a future day’, the
Senate not being prepared to consider it.
Mr. Archer, Uhairmm of the Committee on
Foreign Relations, assented, and the bill was
inlormally passed over.
OREGON TERRITORY.
This sqbject came up as the unfinished busi
ness of yesterday. Mr. Sevier being entitled to
the floor, said it was exceedingly gratifying that
every Senator who had taken part in the debate
had maintained our right to the territory. Albert
Gallatin had set forth the justice of our claims
in the strongest terms. He had based it upon
the lolloping points:—
Ist. The discovery by’ Lewis and Clark.
The Exploration by Lewis and Clark.
2d. 'l’he recognition ofthe Spanish Claim.
3d. 'l’he acquisition by’ the title of Spain.
4th. 'i’he claims of the United States upon the
ground of contiguity.
Mr. Sevier followed up the statement of Mr.
Gallatin, by a review of the facts of the occu
pancy ofthe British. It was then argued, tha
while the United States had conformed to the
treaty of 1818, Great Britain had gone beyond
it. The bill before the Senate did not go sb far
as the bill which had passed the British Parlia
ment. Under that law, jurisdiction had been
exercised by the British Government over al.
subjects.
Mr. Linn said the Indians had been hung by'
virtue ofthis law, and remarked that the bill uti
clpr consideration proposed no such exercise of
authority.—The utility of the bill was also
strongly defended, and unless it was passed,
there would be no lands settled. Strike out the
lands and the bill would be useless. The posts
proposed would be posts to protect nobody, for
no one would go to Oregon unless there was
some advantage.
Mr. Sevier hoped the United States would
cany out her laws and protect her citizens. AVe
had submitted to one aggression from Great
Britain in supporting the treaty. The public
mind was a little sore upon this subject already,
and it was natural that it should be. He was
sony to hear Senators appeal to our fears by* al
luding to the power of Great Britain.—He hop
ed there was one nation willing to resist the ag
gressions of that power. He did hope the motto
adopted by' Monroe in 1823, would be adhered
to—“that the American continent was not to be
considered the subject of foreign settlement.”—
He would vote for a Rail Road, irom Fort Lea
venworth to the head waters of the Platte, —at
least, he would do this, if we had the money.
Mr. Benton followed Mr. Sevier, endorsing all
that he had said. Mr. B. thought that land would
be the great inducement, andthe only prevailing
inducement for the settlement ofthe territory.
That was the opinion of Mr. Jeff erson, who re
commended it in regard to Louisiana. The
British were never squeamish in relation to their
exercise of authority. They had not been at all
so in Oregon. They had hunted and slaughter
ed and expelled our citizens. Individual pewer,
and organized power, and great wealth had been
expelled. The British goods sent there paid no
duties, while our goods were carried from great
distances, and being woollen goods paid enor
mons duties.
Going back to Mr. Gray’s discovery he said
that England as soon as she had found that an
American had discovered the Columbia River,
sahl she must discover it also. McKenzie was
sent out and he missed it about five hundred
miles. Upon going home, however, lie told the
British Government that it was absolutely ne
cessary' lor them to have the mouth ofthe river
in order to protect the fur trade. The interest
and the audacity of Great Britain were her only
titles to the territory. The policy’ ofthe British
in all its negotiations had been merely to lay an
egg, for future claims. That egg had been laid
and had since hatched, and we had seen the bird
flap its wings against our eagle. Pursuing the
figure further, Mt. Benton said, if information
was laid before us connected with the recent
treaty which had been kept from us under the
plea that it was not compatible with the public
interest, the eagle would be seen with its head
buried beneath its w ings. This nest egg Mr.
Benton insisted would hatch again.
The negotiations upon the subject were all
examined from the treaty of Nootka Sound to
the treaty <>llß2B, by which there is nominally,
and nominally only, as Mr. Benton argues, a
joint possession of the territory.
The retainingof information by the President,
(called for by a Resolution of Mr. Benton, in re
gard to the Oregon Territory) was alluded to in
the progress of the Senator’s remarks. Upon
this point Mr. B. spoke with more earnestness
than any other. He expressed the belief that
it was not compatible with the public interest’
to retain this information. It might be incom
patible with the reputation of the individual
negoliatorto communicate these facts which had
been called for. The answer might be disre
putable to him, but the interests of the country
would not suffer by such answer.
Mr. Benton believed that the Secretary negotia
■ tor had communicated a proposition to Lord
Ashburton which he dare not make known to
the American people. He believed he had ex
pressed a willingness to sit r ender the territory
beyond the degree ol the 491 h latitude. Mr. B.
repeated this with a good deal of feeling. 1 ap
prehend, said he, that he made this proposition,
and that lie dare not let the American people
know ofthat offer If he has, Mr. B. continued
“Accursed and infamous lie the man that pro
poses to give up one jetorjone tittle of the terri
tory beyond 49.” If anv such proposition is
made here or elsewhere, I -hall not fail to brand
it as treason to the country.
Mr. Benton cuulddiscuss this subject with no
degree of patience, and he ib.velt upon it at con
siderable length. He had some appreciation,
however, for the circumstances under which
Senators had voted for the ratification of the
recent treaty, it was believed that after the go
vernment had surrenttered so much, it would be
no easy matter to recover what had been so
surrendered, As for going to war under such
lommondcrr. as we had at present. 1 believe, said
Mr. B. the opinion was unanimous upon that
point. We should, it was known, have to ad
journ that question The late treaty was carried
by the war argument.
The conduct of the British Govermnent in the
extension of her dominions was also commented
upon at considerable length, and with great feel
ing. She was walling us in as it were, and We
were submittingin quiet.
AVar between the Unite ! States and Gt eat
Britain, said Mr. B. is in the vista. Gt eat
Britain was preparing for it. The treaty ol
1812, by which the non-slavehokliug States were
quieted, was the prelude to it. It would come.
Great Britain had provoked it. and would pro
voke it mote anil more. Il was het policv, and
let the torrent w hen it conies, lie rolled back up
on her. We were but increasing the difficulties
ly keeping things as they were.
Mr. Benton closed only a short lime lieibre 4
ovloek. The Senate then adjourned.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Mt Fillmore iigt'ested that the consideration
ofthe resolution reported by the majority ol the
Comniitteel of Waysand Means, declaring that
the plan ofthe Secretary ofthe Treasury' to es-
tablish an Exchequer ought not to pass, be post
poned until Monday week, for the purpose of
giving gentlemen an opportunity of reflecting
uon the subject, and of discussing it, if they
should think proper to do so. Let tlie question
be now' taken on the motion to print 10.060 extra
copies of the reports of the majority and minor- ♦
iiy- 1
I’he question on printing was taken and deci
ded in the affirmative.
Mr. Gushing then qjoved to go into Gommit
tee on the Exchequer bill. If this motion should
Up carried, the gentleman from Pennsylvania
would have an opportunity to make his explan
ation. He called for the yeas and nays, which
were yeas 101, nays 104.
Mr. Holmes moved to take up the bill making
appropriation for French .spoliations; but the
motion did not prevail.
The bill to repeal the Bankrupt Law was
then taken up.
Mr. McKeon addressed the House in opposi
tion to the measures of the Administration—the
Tariff, the Loan Bill, and the Land Bill. He
said that the Democrats were opposed to a dis
tribution of the proceeds of the sales of the. pub
lic lafids, either above or below 20 per cent. The
Exchequer, it adopted, would produce the ujost
dangerous results, anil lar exceed tfto.se of any
institution eVer brought forwacd for the approv
al of the country. He replied to the remarks of
Mr. Cushing, and also to his colleague, (Mr.
Bowne.)
With reference to an observation ol' the last
named gentleman that he was disposed to take
Daniel Webster into the Democratic ranks, Mr.
McK. denied this and declared at Far.<*uß Hal!
iftat he. Visa UW-r.,'nd intended to
i-“>ne. 'cTfey ciXna re-w <><■•
Dcindciatift party until 'they' could forget <hc
part which that distinguished man took during
the last AVar which was alluded to by Mr. Ad
ams during our difficulties with a foreign power,
several years ago, and the gentleman from Mas
sachusetts then said that “Mr. AVehslerliad emit
one step to take and that was to join the enemy”
Mr. Rayner said that he voted for the Bank
rupt law, not because the people of his own
State (North Carolina) and district were in fa
vor of it, but because its passage was urged by
these representingcommercial communities; and
as it had, in his opinion, answered to a great ex
tent, the purpose lor which it was passed—send
ing the sailor to his ship, the mechanic to his
workshop, and the merchant to his counting
room, and releasing the unfortunate debtor, and
giving him an opportunity not only togain a
livelihood, butto pay off his old debts—debts of
honor—he would vote for its repeal. He !«■-
lievedthatthe public had declared against the
law.
Mr. Marshall of Ky. obtained the floor.
The Speaker laid before the House several
Executive communications, and the Hojise ad
journed.
AVashington, Friday, January 13
This being the day set apart for the considera
tion of private bills in both Houses, nothing of
general interest was transacted. In Senate af
ter the morning hour, during which the Senate
was engaged in receiving petitions and memori
als, and the reports of Committees, the Senate
took np the orders of the day, in which it was
engaged during the sitting and then adjourned
till Monday.
In the House after ineffectual attempts to sus
pend the rules to take up the Exchequer bill, and
the bill for the repeal of the Bankrupt Law, the
House passed to the consideration of private
bills, and continued till the hour of adjournment .
Prom the N, O. lice of thelfithinst.
Mexico.
The ship Cocas which arrived yesterday from
Havana, brings us files of papers to a late date.
They contain news ffom Mexico to the 23d De
cember, of considerable importance. Through
the kindness of a commercial house to which
we are frequently indebted for similar favors,
we have been enabled to copy the subjoined ex
tracts from private letters, which relate succinct,
iv and lucidly all the intelligence of moment
'i’he Havana papers throw no additional light
on the subject:--;
Extract from a private Letter, dated Mexico,
Dec. 21:
“A change has again taken place in the poli
tics of our republic; the L'ongress which was to
form the new constitution having been deposed
by the government, at the demand ol’ the troops
all over the country, the constitution which was
under discussion not being at all to their liking,
nor indeed adapted to the wants of this republic.
Gen. Santa Anna is Jo govern now six months
longerwithout restriction, during wlHelrpertod,
forty respectable men, whom government is to
chose, are commissioned to form a constitution,
which is to have the approbation of the Presi
dent and his ministers. No disturbances ot any
kind have taken place during the occurrence of
these events, as congress has no pow er to make
a resistance; they published a manifest and dis
solved.
AVc have no news w’hatever from Canijieaehy,
and are led by this silence to suppose, that the
troops of government do not advance, which ol
itself would be a bad sign.”
A new alteration in the tariff’has been pub
lished on the 11th inst.; by which plain white
and grey cotton goods are to pay 15 c per square
yard, arid colored, plain and fancy do, 13 e, and
which is to take effect on goods coming from
the United Stales 45 days after publication, con
sequently on the 25th January. A more preju
diced law for British commerce, has seldom
been published, and Mr. Pacl .cnham, her Ma
jesty’s minister here, has therefore made every
exertion for pre venting the publication, in which
he failed, and is doing the utmostnowfor getting
it repealed. He may perhaps succeed in this,
but we doubt if he will before the short time al
lowed for goods from your country, has come,
round.
Despatches for Mexico.—The N. Orleans
Picayune ofthe 10th inst. says:—Col. Southall,
who but a few days since came passenger from
Vera Cruz in the Missouri, and went immedi
ately on to AVashington, returned to this city
yesterday on his way to Mexico, and hears im
portant despatches to Gen. Thompson. The
revenue cutter AVoodbuty was ordered by Mr.
Morgan, our Collector, to sail immediately for
A’era Cruz with Col. S., who used the utmost
despatch in reaching this city from AVashington.
He had orders, we leant, to proceed immtxliately
to Vera Cruz in one ofthe United Statesmen of
war at Pensacola; but a- hi' could reai.li his
destination sooner by taking the cutter here, site
was immediately placed at his disposal.
Mr. Calhoun In Georgia.
The Macon Messenger saj s:—“ The fiiends
ol Mr. Calhoun flatter themselves, that he is
sure of the support of Georgia. They are reck
oning without their host. An indication was
given by the last Legislature not to be mistaken,
and pregnant with meaning. The Honorable
Mr. Lawson, a Troup man and Piiilli/ier upon
the high principles of honor, as an old resjxx'ted
friend of onrs used to observe, but now an inwoc
ulated Democrat, introduced a resolution in tin:
Senate, nominating Mr. Calhoun to the Presi
dency—the resolution never reached the House,
and was rejected in the Senate, but by a party
trick it was reconsidered. and laiclupon the table,
where it was suffered to sleep thieslcep of death.
So much for Georgia's support o f Mr. Calhoun.
South Carolina has formally n ominated him,
but at the same time filled his vacancy in the Sen
ate with Judge Huger, an old Unic n man and op
ponent to Mr. Calhoun.
North Carolina refused, to elect Gen. Sanders,
a Calhoun man to the Senate, but chose Mr.
Haywood an avowed A rm Bui»n man.
Virginia has elected as Governor, Mr. Dow
al, the brother-in-law of Mr. Be nton, and open
ly in favor of Van Buran.
Such are the signs in the jxditi'cal horizon at
the South, from which we may infer that Mr.
Calhoun's star is in \lie penumbra.
The tailors are threatened with, the loss ol
trade, and the thimble and goose to be superse
ded bv the shuttle and loom. Mes srs. G. Mar
tin &'Co. have introduced into Phi ladelphia the
English invention lor weaving eoaitsand panta
loons. and one of the papers .)>e; tk ot one ot
their article as being as < umfortal>le an article
of the kind as one could," desire 'lor common
wear. Drawers and shirty Itaye.'ooen w'oven in
that i it; for some month.' v
JE; The Milledgeville Correspondent oi-riie
Savannah Georgian, writing under date 9th
inst., says:
“I learn that Gen. Buiiiey derjines tlie Di
rectorship of the Central Bank. Speculation
does not rest upon any one now —al! is doubt
and darkness. Central monev is from 111 to 50
per cent discoum.
1 understand that arrttugemen Is are being
made toniyet the interest on the St ale Bonds.
“Debtors are pouring into the < leulral Bank
their dues.”
Washington li".-ing, in one of I lis beautiful
sketchessays—-i have speculated a* great deal
upon ihalrimor.v,’'and living is yet *a bachelor
, and an old one.
VOL. vn. -NO 3.
TUESDAY MORNING, JANUARA' 17.
Eoiilslana Senator.
The Legislature of Louisiana iiave elected
Judge Pouter, a firm AVhig, and for several
a distinguished Senator in Congress, to a
seat in the United States Senate, for six years
from tlie 4th of March next, to fill the seat »f Mr.
Conrad. The Whigs could not agree upon a
candidate, and nominated Mr Slidell, Jndgv
Porter, and Mr. Conrad. The Loeofocos did
not run a candidate, and mast of them voted far
Judge P. on the first ballot, in order to defeat
Mr* Conrad, in which they succeeded, Mr. C
being very objectionable to them.
Relief to the States.
letter v.
From the Hon. M r x. Cost Johnson t» Col.
Charles JCarroll. of Mary land.
Hall or Representatives, {
Washington, Jan. 3, 1843. J
Dear Sir—ln adopting a principle for the
distribution ofthe stock, which I propose shall
be issued by the General Government, national
equity is safer than any abstract basis, from the
very nature of our complex system of govern
ment. If the States were the abstract basis, it
w’ould be said, though equal in independence
and sovereignty, th<’V are unequal in size. If
population and persons were the basis, then tlie
cliaracter of tlie population aud jiewons varies
quite as much, forfocn: is a class of jiereons in
one region of the Union that does not exist in
ptiuciples, blends in fair proportion iome ap
proximation to them all, will be the safest guide.
And tlie people of Pennsylvania and other
States, have already, by their numerous memo
rials, requested Congress to divide two hundred
millions of slock upon the basis which will be
titund in the subjoined table, which I have made
applicable to the present lair apjxirtioning rep
resentation tor the succeeding Congress, as fol
lows .
Two hundred millions of doilais in Government
bonds divided among the States. Territories,
and District of Columbia, placing the Territo
ries and District of Columbia upon the basis of
one Representative, and allowing ona million
for each Senator, and the residue divided among
the representation upon the basis of the last ap
portiunment law, would be a fraction of a cent
more than 3651,982 39 for each Representative
in the next Congrnsa. The proportion for each
State and Territory will b« found in the follow
ing table, viz:
Maine 36,563,876 66 Kentucky • • 8,519,823 80
N. Hamp- Tennessee#!),l7l,6o6 16
5hire4,607,929 52 0hi015,691,629 9-3
Massaehu- Louisiana- 4,607,929 5d
5ett58.579,823 80 Indiana, "8,519,823 80
Connecticut.4,6o7,929 52 Mississippi 4,607,926 52
Vermont, 4.607,929 52 Illinois •• ■ '6.563,876 6b
R. island - 3,303,964 76 Alabama," -6,563,876 66
N. York • • ”4,167,400 26 Missouri. • • 5,250,911 9S
N. Jersey-' -5,259.911 90 Arkansas --2,651,9823 S
Pennsvlva- Michigan -3,955,947 14
uia ' ■ 17,647,577 52 Florida,6sl,9ft.’ *.
Delaware, • -2,651,982 39 Wisconsin "651,982 3ft
Maryland, -5,911,994 28 10wa651,982 38
Virginia ■■•11,779,735 70 DiaolColuin-
N. Carolina.-7,867,841 42 bia651,982 S 8
S. Carolina - 6,563,876 66
Ge0rgia7,215,859 04 8200,000,000 00
In contrasting the amount which each Stale
would receive by this table, with tlie amount
ofthe indebtedness of each State, as given in a
termer letter, it will be perceived that, whilst .it
would enable most of the States to discharge
their obligations, it would give such facilities to
the rest that, with the arrangements which they
could make with their creditors, their peopfe
could very easily discharge the residue of theft
debts. The nominal debt of Maryland, for in
stance, is about $14,000,000, whilst her positive
and pressing debt is about $10,000,000; and she
has a sinking fund of about $1,000,000. Her
share of tlie stock would be about $6,000,000,
leaving an outstanding positive debt alter an
exchange of stocks, of about $3,000,000. By is
suing a new stock and hypothecating the reve
nues of her productive works, her creditors
would be willing, no doubt, to receive a leas
amount of interest. If they would be contest
with a four per cent stock,” the annual charge
on the State would lie but $120,000; if a three
per cent stock could be exchanged, the annual
chargew’ould be but $90,000, instead ofthe pre
sent amount ofsome $600,000 or more, which is
to be raised by direct taxation. Andthe prop
erty and the people would at once be relieved oi
a pressure which now they do not meet in sever
al counties, liecause they say that they cannot
bear it—and the same salutary results would be
effected in all of the now oppressed and delin
quent States. Ohio has a debt of about s‘2o,-
009,000, instead of about $10,009,000 as pub
lished in the table inoneot my former letters.
Her share of the Government bonds w ould be
upwards of $15,000,000, which would almost
wholly relieve her from debt.
It is not my purpose in these letters to do mote
than group together, without extended comment
some facts and considerations in support and U
liiHtration ofthe reasons and the necessity ofthe
measure which I propose, which space did not
.allow'in the address to my constituents, which
has been published.
The necessity for the measure is apparent in
the general distress ofthe country, in its finan
cial benefits to the whole country, end in the fact
manifest to ei ery reflecting mind, that the gov
ernment itself can never have credit and prosper
ity until credit and prosperity is restored to the
States; the body cannot be vigorous when the
members arc paralized. The general benefit to
the entire nation is therefore motive sufficient
ly si long to induce the speedy adoption ofthe
measure.
But if it were necessary to urge more speeifn
reasons than have been adduced, they are abuu
riantly numerous and forcible to secure the pas
sage of the measure.
The States have a controlling reason to de.
raand the measure in the fact that the public lands
leers nci'cr intended, when the Conslil-ution was
formed, Io be a sou rce of national revenue far the
support of the General Government. They made
the General Government the agent or trustee to
dispose ofthe public lands, anil to distribute a.-
tnongall the States the product ofthis trust-fund
upon an equitable and just basis.
When the General Government assumed the
debts ofthe States in 1790, the proceeds of the
sales ofthe public lands were pledged “until”the
liquidation ofthatdebt; butthelimilationbythm
law extended only to the time of payment. If
an account were opened, and the Government
credited with all the money it has expended for
the ptiblic lands, and with interest to Sept., 1840;
and if the government were charged w ith all the
inonev it has received from the juiblic. lands, auc
the donations and grants w hich it has made with
interest to the same period, it v. ill be found, as
the account stated in my address will exhibit,
that the General < roverament will indebted to
the States in the sunrj 0f5142.000,000.
Then the States have a right to demand a re
imbursement, in this jieriod of their utmost
need, of this sum used by the Goveiument for
its own national purposes. The amount of the
stock, according to this showing, which the pub
lic land fund should be pledged to redeem should
be but $58,000,000, or a little more than oae
fourth of the $‘200,000,000 of stoeh which the
' Government should issue. But when the States
propose to pledge the proceeds of sales ol the
entire jiublic domain until the liquidation of the
JF2OO,OOO.(X>O of public bonds, the argument be
come. inesistable, to all but those who maintain
that the Government is not the agent, bui the
' master of the States, and its purpose is not to
aid tlie States in measures of relief, but to re
main inert and indifferent to their sufferings,
having no feeling in common, and claiming to
' have ho interest but what is antagonist, antagG
, nising.
The publie lands are estimated to b« worth
ten times the amount I pronose that the Govern
ment shonld issue in stocks; and the very mea
, sure would make the land fund prolific, by Re
storing confidence and relieving the farmers
irom taxation, who would then be enabled to
' purchase the vast millions of acres now sur
veyed and almost wholly unproductive. When
prosperity is restored, and confidence io-es;ab
fished, the land sales will be greater than they
have been in past years, because our population
has increased, and the demand for public lands
. w ould increase in the same ratio.
The following will show that for eleven suc
’ cessire years the land sales have averaged near
ly sß,<Kio,000 annually. .
t Pi. rchase uumey received for the sales yf Pvilic
Lands for eleiev successive -years
1830 $ ’,433,432 94
1831 3,557,023 76
183-2 3,115,376 09
I 1833 4,972,284 84
1834 6,099.981 04
183515.999.804 li
s 1836“5.167,833 06
1837 7,007,523 04
* 1838.... 4,305,564 64
? 1839 6,464,556 78
» 1840'... / 2,789.637 53
a ,
$81,913,017 8S
This table fully illustrates the means es re- ,
p venue which the nation may rely upon when
It tlie States and the people are once relieved iroae
the exactions of the ta;>g3thdrer,' which' now
prostrate their energies, and absorb' their re
sources.
II But if ever the public laird fund should be in-
J. 1 adequate, there are sources of revenue which I
I sliall consider in my next letter.
Respectfully, yoitrob't. setv’i.
ft. AV. COST JOHNSON
fcul. Chihles Cahholl,
■* Di uehoregan Manor, Maryland.
II Marriage is .aid to be lik a roast leg ol mutton
il on Sunday—served up coll on Monday—<|itt
r with pickles on Tuesday and hashed »p
AVednesday AVe can't tell what comes next.