Newspaper Page Text
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COrontcle anU Sentinel.
A U G U S TA.
TUESDAY MORNING, MARCH 7.
<~>~The Treasury Department of the United
States has had eight Secretaries within twelve
years. No wonder our financial affairs arc in
confusion.
/Vo»i the Philadelphia North American.
Wonderful Coincidence.
The Madisonian, commenting upon the Pres
ident’s message, relating to the right oi visita
tion, makes this remark:
“It will be seen that the views expressed in
this journal (the Madisonian) in relation to the
speech of Sir Robert Peel in Parliament, on the
subject of the Right of Visitation, are substan
tially the same as those entertained by the head
of the Government.”
This peculiar identity ot'opinion between John
Tyler and the press which exists upon govern
ment patronage, is one of the moral miracles of
the age. We believe thatthere is in the Union,
a round dozen of journals of which the same cu
rious fact may be affirmed. They always think
with the President, —their editors being politi
cally mesmerized, so that their mental individu
ality is utterly merged in his. We have watch
ed his experiments upon these patients clairvoy
ance and sympathy for some time past, in pei
fect astonishment at his Excellency’s skill in
the science, and their susceptibility to his pass
es.
Walk up and Settle.—A western editor
says he is a firm believer in Miller, and thinks
the world will come to an end in 1843. He
therefore wishes delinquent subscribers to walk
up to the Captain’s office and settle.
Money mattebs in Cincinnati. —The Ga
zette of the 25th ult. says: “The determined
hostility of the party in power against the banks,
continues to exert a depressing influencs on the
business of the city, and on the industry of the
whole country. And as the present Legislature
may be considered as having acted finally on
the subject, no change can be expected lor the
better, within the current year.
“ The bankable currency in Cincinnati con
sists now of the notes of the Banks of Kentucky
and Indiana, and of the few remaining banksol
Ohio; all of which we confidently believe to be
undoubtedly good; and no immediate change
in this list is expected, or spuken of. The La
fayette and Commercial Banks are now the
only ones in the city authorised to issue notes,
and as they cannot now throw out their paper
with any prospect of advantage, we are com
pelled to rely on the issues oi the neighboring
States, and a few of the Interior Banks, tor a
circulating medium.”
n* Mr. Kendall, in his Santa Fe sketches,
thus speaks of the Mexican Churches: “ After
proceeding but a few miles from Queretaro ou
the route to Mexico, the traveller commences
the ascent of steep and high mountains. Once
at their summit, the view of the city, and the
beautiful valley in which it is situated, is one
of the finest in all Mexico. The number of in
habitants in Queretaro does not probable ex
ceed fifty thousand, but as is the case in every
latge town of the country, there are churches
enough to suiply the spiritual wants of six
times that number of persons in the U. States.
These churches too are built upon a scale both
for size and manificence to which we are per
fect strangers, and give an appearance of splen
dor to Duo of their cities, which without them
would sink into comparative insignificance.”
Right of Visit.
Among the documents accompanying the
President’s Message was the following letter
from the Secretary of State, addressed to the
Speaker of the House.
The Secretary of State, to whom lias been
refered a resolution of the House ot Represent
atives of the 22d inst., requesting that the Pres
ident of the United States be requested to com
municate to that House, if not in his opinion
improper, whatever correspondence or commu
nication may have been received from the Brit
ish Government respecting the President’s con
struction of the late Treaty concluded at W ash
ingtou, as it concerns an alleged right to visit
American vessels, has the honor to inform the
President that Mr. Fox, 11. B. M. Envoy Ex
traordinary -nd Minister Plenipotentiary, came
to the Depa: tment of State on the 24th of Feb.
inst., and informed the Secretary of State
that he had
Affairs, a despatch under date ol the 18th Jan
uary, which he was directed to read to the Sec
retary of State of the United States. The sub
stance of that despatch was that there was a
statement in a paragraph of the President’s
Message to Congress at the opening of the pre
sent session ol serious import, because, to per
sons unacquainted with the facts, it would tend
to convey the supposition, not only that the
question of right of search had been disavowed
by the Plenipotentiary at Washington, bat that
Great Britain had made concession on that
point.
That the President knew that the right of
search never formed the subject of discussion during
the late negotiatwu, aud that neither was any
concession required by the U. 8. Government
nor made by Great Britain.
That the engagement entered into by the par
ties to the Treaty of Washington lor suppress
ing the African Slave Trade, was uncondition
ally proposed and agreed to.
That the British Government saw in it an
attempt ou the part of the Government ol the
United States, u> give a practical effect to their
repeated declarations against the trade, and re
eogaized with satisfaction an advance towards
the humane and enlightened policy of all Chris
tian states from which they anticipated much
good. That Great Britain would scrupulously
ralfil the conditions of this engagement; but
that from the principles from which she has
constantly asserted, and whjch are recorded in
the correspondence between the ministers of the
United States, in England, and himself, in 1841,
England has not receded, and would not recede.
That he had no intention to renew, at present,
the discussion upon the subject. That his last
note was yet unanswered. That the President
might be assured that Great Britain would al
ways respect the claims of the United States.—
That Great Britain made no pretensions to in
terfere in any manner whatever, either by de-
Mation, visit or search with vessels of the Uni
ted States, known or believed to be such! But
that it maintained and would exercise when ne
cesoary, its own right, either from involuntary
error, or in spite of every precaution, loss or
injury should be sustained, a prompt reparation
would be afforded. But that it should entertain
for a single instant the notion of abandoning
the right itself, would be quite impossible.
That these observations had been rendered
necessary by the message to Congress. That
the President is undoubtedly at liberty to address
that assembly in any terms which he may think
proper, but if the Queen’s servants should not
deem it expedient to advise Her Majesty also
to advert to these topics in her speech from the
throne, they desired nevertheless to hold them
selves perfectly free when questioned in Parlia
ment, to give all such explanations as they
might feel to be consistent with their duty, and
necessary for the elucidation of the truth.
The paper having been read, and its contents
understood, Mr. Fox was told in reply that the
subject would be taken into consideration,and
that a despatch relative to it would be sent, at
an early day, to the American Minister in Lon
don, who wouldjhave instructions to read it to
Her Majesty’s Principal Secretary of State lor
Foreign Affairs.
DANIEL WEBSTER.
Canal across the Isthmus or Panama.—
A Texan paper says that the canal company,
chartered by the government of New Grenada,
have commenced excavating the grand canal
across the Isthmus of Panama. The country
through which the canal will pass, has a mean
•levatiun ol only thirty-seven feet above the lev
el of the sea. The entire length ot the canal
Will be about forty-nine miles; but only twelve
and a half miles wilt be excavated, the rivers
Chagres and Grande will be rendered navigable
the remaining distance. There will be suffi
cient depth of water for ships of fourteen hun
dred tens. The work, it is believed, will be
completed in five years, and the astonishing
spectacle will be presented of the navies of the
old world sailing from ocean to ocean, through
the discovered chains of the Andes and Cordil
leras, between the two mighty continents of
North aud South America.
RarcniATiON. — "Wat you tink ob dis repn-
Geration, massa Jonsing?” said Pete Gumbo,
last evening.
“Wai, de lac is,” said Sam, “it’s a werry un
sartin kestiou to git de hang ob, Pete. Dar’s
Homer Brow n, de Mississippi nigger, him un
erstans it like a book. I tinks myself, howso
eber, it's wat de lawyer folks call Ao general de
mal.’'
“I know’s nuflin ob law myself,” said Pete,
“but I reckons you explanified de ting ’bout
right, hoss.”
From the roll whieh Sam gave bis shining
optics*— as much as to say “it takes dis child”—
he seemed to agree fully w ith Pete in the esti
mate whieh he had formed of his merits.
The British Premier.—The Boston Dem
ocrat, in a sketch of Sir Robert Peel, says that
he is the sou of a wealthy manufacturer, was
educated at Eaton and Cambridge, and that his
characterizing feature is consummate coolness.
Never but once, has he been actually excited
in reply. He is applauded tor his comparative
moderation, his patronage of the arts, his scorn
of retail slander, and his devotion to his native
land. These are all high merits.
Melancholy Occurrence.
The Mobile Tribune mentions the death of
Mr. Bradford Thompson, of Sand Fort, Russell
county. His death was caused by being thrown
against a tree, from a young and restive horse,
while deer hunting. Mr. Thompson was a
highly respectable and useful citizen,distinguish
ed for his hospitality, kindness and good sense.
We speak from personal knowledge. He rep
resented Taliaferro countjr in the Legislature of
Georgia for several sessions, in the lower end of
which county he lived at that time.
Mr. Thompson has left a most amiable and
devoted wife and several children to mourn over
this melancholy occurrence.— Montgomery Adv.
Statues Made Useless.—Mecedelia, a med
ical student of Verona, in Italy, has revived, it
is said, Sagato’s famed process for petrifying
human bodies, which died with that artist. The
King of Naples has in his palace a table com
posed of different parts of the human body pet
rified, and precisely as marble or any other stone
might be. A remarkable circumstance is that
all the natural colors of the skin, arteries, veins,
muscles, bones, flic. and all the states ot disease
causing death are unalterably preserved.
Landscape Gardening.
The last number of the North American Re
view has an article on Landscape
which gives some useful suggestions to rural
ists. There is a great deficiency of taste in
most parts oi our country in respect to this de
lightful branch of sylvan art and refinement.—
Nature has been bountiful enough—so profuse,
indeed, that her gifts, in the way of scenic em
bellishment and beauty, are too little apprecia
ted.
The Review notices with approbation Down
ing’s treatise on the theory and practice of
landscape gardening—also one by the same au
thor on Cottage residences. The article is quite
appropriate. It relates to a matter which needs
to be urged upon the attention of our people
dwelling in the country. As a healthful, whole
some recreation for both mind and body, every
occupant of a rural abode will find his account
in cultivating a taste for the beautiful in nature;
while its practical exhibition will add new
charms to his grounds, and strengthen his own
affection for the locality which has thus grown
more lovely under his hands. The following
remarks of the Review are to the point:—Balti
more American.
When a new sensibility is awakened to ap
pearances within the dwelling, he will begin to
look abroad and around it with more discrimi
nation than before; and, if the sunflower and
peony are near neighbors to the daisy and helio
trope, in his garden, he will begin to inquire
within himself, whether either gains any real
advantage from the immediate vicinity of the
other. So, too, with the foliage ot the trees that
happen to be near. He will begin to notice the
graceful dignity of the elm, the firm grandeur of
the oak, the tender gloom of the evergreen, and
the pensive leaning of the willow. Where, in
former days, he saw nothing but fuel and tim
ber, he will find value, apart from domestic uses
in the expression of their forms, and the images
which they awaken in his mind. Nor will it be
long before he undertakes, by his own efforts, to
produce those combinations which make the
most pleasing impression. He will ascertain
by experiment, where the rich velvet of the lo
cust, the cheerful green of the plane-tree, the au
tumnal scarlet of the maple, and the blood red
of the oak, can be set with the best effect. With
out the least interference with his graver cares,
indeed with a recreation, which gives him more
energy for those pursuits that exhaust the frame
or the mind, he can go on with this work of im
provement; which in every sense deserves the
name, since he refines his awn taste, and quick
ens his own sensibility, not only to external na
ture, but to every thing in the moral and intel
lectual world. Even if he gained nothing for
himself, but the satisfaction it is sure to give,
his children will grew up with tastes and per
ceptions, which, growing with their growth, and
strengthening with their strength, will act with
commanding influence on their destiny; not to
make them artists or ameteurs, but to raise
themselves to the high standing of refined and
cultivated men. Well may the children <x»»-
n.weutcewz —« an inheritance.
It is more than wealth can bestow. Such a
home is one of the dearest recollections they can
carry through life; and, when they die, it is
the last earthly vision which fades and lessens
upon their hearts, as they depart to the land of
souls.
Mutilation or a Member or Congress.—
The predictions of the editor ol the Louisville
Journal, as to the degree to which Mr. Sprigg,
of Kentucky, would reflect honor upon the con
stituency that returned him to this Congress,
seem to have been realized. Towards the close
of the last session he signalized himself in a
fracas at the eating house under the House of
Representative, and received a severe wound in
his hand from collision with broken glass; and
last night, at an eating house in Pennsylvania
avenue, he got into a fight with a person named
Drudge, a miller’s cart driver, which terminated
in his opponent’s biting the largest portion of his
ear off! Dr. Sewell did his best to repair the
mischief, but tjie fragment of Mr. Sprigg’s ear,
(which is now in the Doctor’s possession,) was
too rnnch lacerated to be restored, and the Hon.
Member will of course carry the mark of the
scuffle to his grave.
Were this tale to be related in any subsequent
“Notes for general circulation,” would it not be
set down as a signal instance of the mendacity
of travellers!
The Richmond Enquirer furnishes the fol
lowing ominous paragraphs:
“Ought not the Madisonian, to say ay or no to
the allegation that the handbill, “Warning to
the Democracy,” was printed at its office?
11 We ask another piece of information from
its editor, if it can give it to us. We see it sta
ted in the N. Orleans “Tropic” of the 17th, in a
letter from its Washington Correspondent ot the
sth, that “Messrs Tyler and Wickliffe are be
ing most egregiously hoaxed at this time,” by a
few Locofocos of New Jersey, who promised
Mr. Tyler to hold a convention in that State
shortly to nominate him for the Presidency; but,
in the meantime, they wanted several Whig
postmasters removed and their friends appoint
ed. The letter says seven were removed the
week past, but says that the scheme of holding
a convention was a humbug. Now, what we
want to know is, whether the postmasters were
removed, and if in consequence of this promise
of a convention and a nomination. We ask the
Madisonian to clear the skirts of the Adminis
tration of any such charge, because it has a sus
picious complexion.”
To which the Madisonian replies as follows:
The interrogatories are far from being perti
nent. No one has said the “handbill” was print
ed at the Madisonian office that we are aware
of. Every one who reads the Madisonian knows
that our sentiments are the very reverse of those
set forth in the “ handbill” alluded to.
It has been attributed to Mr. Benton. We
call upon the Richmond Enquirer to demand
the "aye" or “no" of kirn.
The' assertion in the Tropic is a Clay Whig
assertion. The Democracy of New Jersey
have nominated Mr. Tyler, and mean to sup
port lum. Changes in post offices have taken
place in New Jersey as well as other States, and
doubtless more are'to take place. Whether or
not the Democracy have been purchased with
the post offices, is a matter which the Democrats
will doubtless answer themselves.
Let the Richmond Enquirer put the question
to them.
From the N. O. Beeyf thel&th.
Late from Caiupeachy.
By the brig Forest, Capt. Olmsted, which ar
rived yesterday in fi>ur days from Sisal, we have
received late advices from the seat of war. To
Capt. Smith, of the schooner Freeland, and anoth
er gentleman who came passenger in the Forest,
we are indebted for Merida papers to the 15th.
From an official note addressed to the Secre
tary of War by Lopez de Llergo, we leant that
the Mexicans had evacuated their position at
China, leaving in their retreat -100 men in the
Anetem/a of Chalvae. The Yueatane.se had set
fire to the village and burned the church and a
number ofbuildings.
The report heretofore current that the Mexi
cans had been repulsed from the Emtneucia, we
imagine was unfounded, as the Merida Boletin,
of the 14th and 15th inst., speaks of the firing
spun the eity being yet kept up: though with lit
tle effect. The loss of the Mexicans at the sor
tie upon China is confirmed—as also the death
of Gen. Andrade. In the attack upon the sth
inst., the Yucatecosdid not pursue the besie”ers
to their fortress upon the cniineneia, but retreat
ed to their barracks after having driven in their
outposts and advanced guards with great slaught
er. The loss of the Campechanos on that dav
was very considerable; of their artillery compa
ny but three men, a corporal and sergeant escap
ed.
We learn verbally, that several prominent
men in Campeachy had been killed by the pop
ulace in consequence of treasonable designs.
The discovery of this plot had produced much
confusion.
WEDNESDAY' MORNING, MARCH 8.
Snow.
For the first time this season, we were greeted
yesterday with a regular snow storm, which
commenced about daylight, and continued with
outcessation until 2 o’clock, e. m. Butthe moist
state of the earth, from recent rains, prevented
its attaining a greater depth than three or four
inches. This, however, is an unusual depth for
this climate, even in mid.winter.
Snow Storms and Party Storms.—The Mis
sissippi Creole, published in Canton, says:
The Vicksburg Sentinel arrived here in the
midst of a storm of snow and sleet, on Wednes
day morning. We do not know which looked
most chilly and cheerless, the green peas in the
gardens, or the green shoots of Calhounery that
have sprouted up so precociously of late.
Repeal op the Bankrupt Law.—The New
York Tribune, remarking upon the bill to re
peal the general bankrupt law, says:—“The
measure was not called for by the people, nor
will it, we are sure, in any way advance their
interests. After doing all the injury that could
flow from it, the bankrupt law is repealed just
in time to prevent it from achieving its most be
neficent results.”
Correspondence of the Philadelphia Exchange.
Schooner Ann D.
Lewes, (Del.) Feb. 24.1843.
The schr. Ann D., Capt. Bedell, (from New
York bound to Savannah,) arrived at the Dela
ware Breakwater this morning—towed in by the
schooner Repeater, Capt. Francis. The Ann D.
lost the heads of both masts outside the Capes,
and was blown off' afterwards near 100 miles.
The vessel has received no other damage, or rath
er is periectly tight. She will await orders at the
Breakwater, and probably proceed to Philadel
phia to refit.
The Savannah Republican ol Monday says:
We learn from a letter, received yesterday by
Ute Agents here, that she will be immediately
repaired and continue her voyage.
*TVThe Mnffie Chronicle of the 2nd inst.,
says:—The weight of the iron lifted by Mons.
Guillot, on Tuesday night, exclusive of the
scaffolding on which it was arranged, was 2000
pounds! It was weighed, we understand, by
persons who made a wager against his being
able to raise that weight. These individuals,
citizens of the place, in no way connected with
the theatre or with the “Lion” himself, were be
hind the scenes during the performance, and
saw that every thing was done as stipulated in
the bills, and in accordance with the agreement
•between themselves Guillot. There
is no doubt therefore of the astonishing strength
of this latest modern Hercules.
A Lizard Seventy Feet Long!—A cor
respondent of the Evening Post says, that there
has been in New York, for nearly a year past,
the fossil remains of Zygodon, or Lizard, 70
feet long—a gigantic reptile belonging, as Geol
ogists say, to a period of the earth’s history
when it was unfit for creatures of higher organ
ization. These remains were found in the ter
tiary formation of Alabama, on the plantation
of Judge Creagh, in Clark county, by Mr.S. B.
Buckley, a native of this State, who was then
engaged on a botanical excursion. They were
brought to this city last April. Some idea of
the appalling magnitude of this animal may be
formed from the fact, that its fossil remains fills
fourteen large boxes! Some of the larger ver
tebrae weigh, perhaps, each one hundred pounds,
diminishing down to the extremity of the tail,
the last of them being not larger than a man’s
fist. On the vertebrae, and some of the other
bones, there still exists, in a perfect state, the
periosteum or covering of the bones, their sub
stance being more or less fossilized into carbo
nate oflime. All the teeth, covered with their
enamel, are still perfect. The head and jaws
are six or eight feet long, and the ribs have a
length of six feet. Dr. Harlan of Philadelphia,
took to London, several years ago, a few of the
bones of a similar animal, obtained from the
same place.— Richmond, Compiler.
From the Philadelphia Forum.
The Spirit of the Umpire State*
The recent town elections in the State of New
York, give evidence of increasing activity on
the part of the Whigs. There has been, in a
majority of the towns, a considerable gain to the
Whig cause, and dial too where the Locofocos
have' not realised their exertions. They' put
forth every possible effort to maintain their tem
porary’ ascendancy, but the result shows that
their principles and practices, are no more popu
lar with the people than they were in 1840. We
are confident that in 1814 the Empire State will
assume her former prominent position irf the
Whig ranks. The Troy Whig in an article on
the subject, say’s: —
“Allowing there has been no positive increase
in the Whig vote, there must have been a con
siderable falling off in the Locofoco vote. —
Which falling off was doubtless occasioned by
an unwillingness on the part of those who had
fireviously supported the measures of that party,
onger to continue among its adherents. The
condition of the country being so distressing, and
all descriptions of business so depressed, that
even the warmest partisans of misrule have at
length begun to pause, and ask themselves what
the consequences will be should they persist in
their present course, and have the power to car
ry out all their schemes for the final destruction
of the prosperity and free institutions of the
country’.”
It appears that in the great gale in the
Gulf of Mexico, in September last, three ves
sels of war were lost, as they were in the Gulf
at the time, and have not since been heard from.
They were the English brig Victor, the French
brig of war Dunois, and the Texian schooner
of war San Antonio. Nearly or quite three
hundred men perished with these vessels. The
Dunois was from Havana for France, the Vic
tor was from Vera Cruz for the West Indies,
and the San Antonio from Galveston to New’
Orleans.
Treaty ivith Mexico.
The National Intelligencer says:—“Among
the Executive proceedings in the Senate to
wards the close of the Session of Congress, was
the ratification of a convention lately concluded
at the city of Mexico between the Diplomatic
Representatives of the United States and that
Government, the terms of which are said to be
honorable and eligible to both nations.
As the ratification of the Treaty will doubt
less be exchanged in this city, we may expect to
see it soon officially promulgated.
From the Boston Times of 28th ult.
Loss ot' the Brig Forrest of Portland—
Dreadful Sufferings.
The following veiy interesting account of the
loss of the brig Forrest we derive from our
friends at the Merchant’s Exchange.
“The brig Forrest of and from Portland for
Havana, did at three p. m. on the 2d of October
get under weigh, and proceeded to sea at 8 o’-
clock. Cape Elizabeth bore N. by W., distant
about ten miles; nothing occurred worthy of
very particular remark until the 7th, when they
had strong breezes from E. N. E. and cloudy
weather; at meridian took in foretopmast steer
ing sail, the wind increasing took in sail occa
sionally; at nine she was under close reeled
maintopsail and reefed foresail—wind E. S. E.
with a heavy sea; they found she had sprung a
leak—one pump insufficient to keep her free;
kept her before the wind, both pumps going.
At midnight the wind backed to E. by N. and
blew a perfect hurricane. The brig could not
steer —came too and lay neatly on her beam
ends; clewed up the main top-sail, but before it
could be secured it was blown to pieces; then
tried to get her before the wind under thetbresail
—the foretopmast staysail having been blown
away; but could not get her off. Then let her
lie under bare poles until 2 o’clock a. m., nearly
buried in the sea, all hands employed at the
pumps. At 2 15'a. m. experienced a heavy
blast w hich capsized the brig; all hands succeed
ed in gaining the weather main channels; cut a
way some of the rigging; the mast broke and
the vessel righted.
The crew then succeeded in gaining herquar
ter deck where they lashed llrermclves, the sea
making a complete breach over the vessel; at
daylight found themselves in a most deplorable
condition, the masts having broken below deck,
had ripped it up, the boats, rudder, companion
way, bulwarks, stancheons, hatches, galley ca
boose, and every thing except about a thousand
feet of boards, all gone. The brig lull of wa
ter with the bulkheads and every thing else from
the stem to the mainmast gone, w’ith all the pro
visions, water and every thing belonging to them
broke up and smashed o atoms!
The crew remained lashed to different parts
of the wreck until the ninth, when the wind
shitted to West, as near as they could judge,
being without a compass. They remained in
this state until the eleventh, at 4P. M-, without
anything to eat but a few rate pot aloes and nothing
to quench their thirst with, and almost des
titute of clothing. At this time the British bark
Alice Jane, of Liverpool, John Bleasdale, mas
ter. came alongside and took them otf.
Capt. Deering arrived at this port yesterday,
as passenger on hoard the ship Birmingham,
from Liverpool.
Correspondence yf the N. O. Tropic.
Cotton Culture In India.
NCAIBEtt V.
Experiments, both to introduce exotics, and
to improve the indigenous cotton, have been
tried in every part of India. These experi
ments have been made under the most tavora
ble auspices—being the darling scheme of the
East India Company—it has received the con
stant, assiduous and fosteringcare ol those who
have been appointed to carry it into execution.
The most fertile and eligible spots in the whole
peninsula have been selected, especial and effi
cient agents have been employed, the best seed
of every variety of cotton, and the most appro
ved agricultural implements, and even systems
of agriculture have been imported, the powers
of practice and theory combined, aided and ren
dered more efficient by the discrimination and
research of science, have been applied; all the
advantages of the most recent improvements of
the most enlightened nations have been afford
ed, and every care and attention, without re
gard to trouble or expense, has been lavished
on this attempt; and yet there is scarcely an in
stance of even partial success. Signal failures
are the only results of all his expenditure of la
bor and capita). With this array of facts, suf
ficient to produce conviction without any appa
rent causes, it will be asked, why are there yet
persons found, so sanguine of the ultimate suc
cess of the cotton experiment in India? The
allusions I have already made to the ignorance
of the Government, and the interests ot indi
viduals in keeping the veil drawn closely’ over
the eyes of the authorities, will sufficiently ex
plain this state ot things. It is a remarkable
tact, that in all these experiments the results
have always been of the same character, and in
most instances, identically’ the same, which
would lead us, in the absence of ocular demonstra
tion, to suppose in each case the operations of
the same causes. 1 regard the violence of the
climate as the most insuperable obstacle to the
successful growth of Colton in India. Its ac
tion is uniform, certain and beyond the control
of human power. In the eager strivings to im
prove the indigenous, and the flattering hopes
of successfully introducing some exotic cottons,
the difficulties that would meet the attempt to
extend the scale of operations, appear never to
have been considered. These difficulties will
be found in the character and peculiarities of
the people and the nature of the Anglo-Indian
Government. True, these difficulties are not
of any remedy will
bt(far chains thatjuiid-l’fr.
gether t'M|MMKncot an iron government,
must besHHHFd as to rest with less galling
rigor on a people. These people must
be enlightened—their prejudices broken down,
and scattered—and the true invenlives to indus
try, the fruits of their labors, given to them. —
There is a potent charm in the tyrant’s might,
but it is not at all powers ul. The East India
Company overrates the puissance of its giant
arm, in the supposition that by some mighty in
fluence, it can at once elevate a people indolent,
enervated and debased by the most groveling
superstitions, and sunk low in ignorance, to a
high and successful competition with the most
enlightened people in the world. This work
may be possible, but it cannot be effected in a
day—a year—no, nor an age.
The Hindoos are a peculiar people, differing
in almost every feature of dharaeter from the
inhabitants of any other country. The invete
rate pertinacity w ith which they cling to old
customs, and the singular peculiarities of those
customs, have been subjects of astonishment
and speculation to all who have ever gone
amongst them, from Alexander to Ellenborough.
From time immemorial they have been under
the influence of a system of religion the most
extravagant, expensive, degrading and enslav
ing, the world has ever known. There is scarce
a step in life, at which a tribute is not demand
ed, not of money’ only, but of that priceless jew
el, the intellect. So universal and all powerful
is its influence, that it pervades all the ramifica
tions of life, and governs every action, giving
bias alike to the most important affairs ot state,
and the most trivial concern of domestic life.
It would be out of place here, and beyond the
compass and object of these ; apers, to enter in
to a full delineation of the character of this
most extraordinary' people. The subject is a
difficult and comprehensive one. 1 will here
mention, that although the character is stamped
with some prominent features common to the
whole people, yet, in different parts of the coun
try, it differs in detail no lew than does that of
the Spaniards, Frenchmen, Italians and Ger
mans, so that w hat might be said of the charac
ter of the people of one district, would be whol
ly inapplicable to those of another. The char
acter of a Bengalee or a Madrasee, would be
no more applicable to one of the bold sons ol
Raipoctan or the Punjaub, than would be the
character of a Li ZZ.aroni to a Scottish High
lander.
The people of India are generally f,.)tatical,
ignorant, indolent and timid. Their timidity
is the result of ignorance aud superstition.
Some of them, and particulatly those of the
Northern provinces, arc bold to resent a wrong,
or sustain a right, but all are slavish in the ob
servanceaif the injunctions of their religion or
caste, and timid to depart from the beaten paths
of custom. These features of character do not
only exist, but are predominant, and fanatically
fixed.
As all other people, whose know ledge and ac
tions do not extend beyond the limits of their
own country, (for it is against the caste of a
Hindoo to leave his country,) they have an ex
altedopinion ot their own wisdom, and of the
superiority of their own works. The Ryots
(farmers) ofGuzeral laughed at the ides, and
thought it presumptuous to attempt to leach
them a superior mode of cultivation. But when
they saw the operation of the American plough,
they were much pleased, and thought them su
perior to their own, but added, “they are doubly
expensive.” We offered to give them seed and
ploughs, and hoes, if they would use them, bul
they refused, saying they were too poor to try
experiments; that if the results should not be
lavorable, their families would suffer. Few of
the Ryots realize from their labors more than a
bare subsistence. The majority ol them are so
poor as to be compelled to borrow money, which
is always at a usurious rate of interest, to put
chase the seed with which to plant their crops,
the proceeds of whieh are pledged forthc repay
ment. The loss of a bullock, the breaking of a
plough or any other implement of agriculture,
is a serious misfortune, because it can only be
replaced at a sacrifice and loss, wholly inappre
ciable by those who do riot know their poverty.
How, then, can it be expected that a people so
impoverished, and whose means are so slender,
will adopt a system of agriculture foreign,
doubtful and expensive.
The influence of caste is directly opposed to
all innovation. Caste is an hereditary bond
age, sanctioned by religion, approved by cus
tom, cemented and strengiheDgu by the weight
of ages. So soon as a child enters upon the du
ties of life, his sphere of action is circumscribed
and marked, from which he never deviates
without incuiring opprobrium of his fellows,
the penalty of his transgression. The universal
ity and unbending rigor of this institution can
never be fully understood, except by those who
have seen its operations. The food a Hindoo
eats—the instrument with which he works—the
style and fashion oi'tlie garment be wears, and
the turban on his head, are all matters of caste.
To give an idea of its distorting influence and
iron grasp upon the mind, one notorious instance
will suffice. The bigotted Getitoo, who makes
princely contributions to erect and sustain hos
pitals for the reception of invalid and superan
nuated animals, and even insects would not give
a morsel to as lloir-moit dying of starvation, it
perchance he be of another caste. Any depart
ure from the minutest of these practices, is fol
lowed by’ a loss of caste, which in former times
was a dire calamity, but in these modern days
of refinement and ingeniotisness in discovering
conscience-healing salves, the Hindoos are not
behind the rest of the world, and a loss of caste
is only’ attended with the inconvenience and ex
pense of giving the fraternity a least, whieh is
the price ot reiiistafeg/efit Any deviation is
eagerly caught at by t!:« hgfrlreds of half starv
ed wretches, and us’d as a prt’teU /or extorting
a feast. Amongst the iujic JJ/U
strict classes of Hindoos, a loss ot caste )s ytg
considered really as a loss of character, and no
one departs from the beaten paths ot his fore
fathers, without incurring the odium ot apos
taey and the taunt of having been corrupted by
the" English. It is difficult to discover the lines
that separate religion, caste andciistom. Caste
appears to bg custom sanctioned and enjoined
by religion. This j. regarded as a most con
venient state of things, by the undeluded priest
hood. For by giving .to tire jnjnp,ptions of caste
the saeredness of leligiop, a djregt appeal is
made to the scrupulosity atpi sjjppislj(fous
feats of the people, thereby enibpdyjtig ig tl,g
system a governing principle, or rather jin
posing a weight that keeps every class' .of
men strictly within its respective sphere, with
out a resort to more direct and compulsory mea
sures.
In the remarks I have made on the institution
1 have not attempted to be farther satis
factory than to show its unbounded influence
over the nff#d> pf the Hindoos, and its repug
nance to the inirodwffqjn p; innovations of any
kind. Every attempt to iuirgdpgß any new sys
tem into the country is considered ae h)> jjnwar
rantable violation of their usages, in
fringement upon their most sacred rights. Tha
Hindoos have submitted, almost without a strug
gle, to the usurpation of every political and civil
right, but the obscurest wretch in the walks of
beggary, would turn up ( >j) him who would at
tempt to force him to act in co«urayention to his
oaste.
The natives of India are nqmiuaijy
The East India Company possesses po dfrget
jiower to force upon them a repugnant system
ot any kind, (and all systems or innovations in
troduced by the Company, are most repugnant,)
or to compel them to labor more, or in a differ
ent Way than that to which they have been ac
customed. The extortionate rapacity of the
Government has created a necessity, whose
goading at last forces them to a reluctant labor.
This reluctance is doubly enhanced by’ the fact
that while they writhe beneath the stripes of the
most cruel of taskmasters the voice of freedom,
as a mockery is sounded in their ears. The
people are the instruments by whieh any im
provement in any branch of industry’ is'to be
effected; their aversion to innovations of any
kind, and particularly to those coming under the ;
recommendation of the Government, I regard as ,
no slight obstacle to the introduction of a new j
system of agriculture. W.
THURSDAY MpRNING, MARCH 9.
(.dial ge to Dci.miii'l •
YV. YV. Irvin, of Penn., one of the “Ga«r.,”
in the House, has been appointed, with the ad
vice and consent of the Senate, Charge d’Affairs
to Denmark.
Members of Congress.
YY’e notice, among the arrivals at Charleston,
the names of Messrs. Gamble, Chawhskd,
Meriwether and Cooper, ofthe Georgia dele
gation.—The tbreeTisl arrived in this city’ yes
terday.
From the A'cir Orleans Picayune of the 'ld.
Later from Mattynoras.—Reported Elicape
of the Texan Prisoners.
The schr. Emblem, Capt. Kinney, arrived
yesterday from Matamoras, which port she left
on the 19th February.
The captain that on the 22d, while ly
ing off the bar wamng for a pilot, news came
that the prisoners captured at Mier with Col.
Fisher, had risen upon their guard at Saltillo,
overpowered thetn. after a short struggle, and
started in hot hastmfor Texas. From Saltillo
to the Rio Grande jßere is a direct road, and as
Col. Jordan once made asticeessful escape from
near the same point with a less number of men,
it is more than probable that Fisher’s men will
be able to do the same thing, provided they were
able to secure a sufficiency ol arms and ammu
nition to fight their way through.
YY r e are fearful, however, —so many false re
ports are started and circulated in Mexico, —
that the attempt to escape was not made, al
though there i? much to confirm us in the opin
ion that the br»sp followers of Col. Fisher are
against liberty. 4n confirmation, it is reported
that Col. Kinnew who was about taking pas
sage for the Unitdj States, had been arrested al
ter the Emblem ; ®l Matamoras, on suspicion of
having some lijflfl in assisting the Texan pris
oners to escaM«ft_
The reports the brig
sail for this pwf iii’Ywo days.'
Executive Nominations, dec. &c.
Tlie National Intelligencer of the Gth says:—
Late in the night of the last day of the session
of Congress, as our readeis were informed in
our last, the nominations of Mr. Wise to be
Minister to France, and of Mr. Cushing to be
Secretary of the Treasury', were rejected by the
Senate.
These gentlemen were, in the course of the
night, each twice renominated by the President
for the same offices, and again twice rejected by
the Senate. From the proceedings in these two
eases, the injunction of secrecy having been re
moved by the Senate, an extract therefrom is
hereto subjoined.
The nomination of Mr. Smith, to be Culleetor
of the Revenue tor the Port of Philadelphia, to
succeed Mr. Roberts, having been rejected by
the Senate, Calvin Blythe (removed by the pie
sent Administration from the same office) was
nominated to the Senate, to succeed Mr. Smith,
and was confirmed by the Senate, it is under
stood without serious opposition.
After the successive nominations and rejec
tions of Mr. Cushing, John C. Spencer (now
Sec retaiy of 'War) was nominated for Secretary
of the Treasury, and confirmed by the Senate,
by, it is understood, a majority ol' one vote.
For the mission to China, just authorized by
Congress, {Edward Everett, of Massachusetts,
(now Minister to Great Britain.)was nomina
ted and confirmed, it is understood, without op
position.
SENATE EXECUTIVE PROCEEDINGS.
Fuibav, March 3, 1813.
YV.ishington, February 27,1813.
Ta the S nate if the flnited Slates:
I nominate to the Senate JJeiiry A. YY'ise, of
Virginia, to be Envoy Extraordinary and Minis
ter i’leliipoteutiary of the United States to the
Court ot his Majesty the King ol the French,
in the place of Lewis Cass, resigned.
JOHN TYLER.
The following is the vote on the above nomi
nation :
YEAS—Messrs, Archer, Buchanan, Cal
houn, Choate, Cuthbert, Evans, Fulton, King,
McDuffie, Sturgeon, Tallmadge, Walker—l 2.
NAYS—Messrs. Bagby, Barrow, Benton,
Berrien, Clayton, Conrad, Crafts, Crittenden,
Dayton, Graham, Henderson, Huntington,Kerr,
Mangum, Merrick, Miller, Phelp.-, Porter,
Simmons, Smith, ol iu.ii..na, Sprague, Tappan,
White, Woodbridge—2l.
WAsuixuroN, March 3, 1843.
To the Semite of the United S.ate: :
In transmitting the name of Henry A. YY'ise
to the Senate lor the mission to France, I was
led to do so by considerations of his high talent,
his exalted character, and great moral worth.
The country, 1 feel assured, would be represent
ed at Paris, in the ; erson of Mr. YVise by one
wholly unsurpassed in exalted patriotism, and
well fitted to be the representative of his country
abroad. His rejection by the Senate has caused
me to reconsider his qualifications, and I see no
eau»e to doubt that he is eminently qualified for
the station, I feel it, therefore, to be my duty
to re-nominate him,
I nominate Henry A. YVise oi Virginia, to
be Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipo
tentiary to the Court of his Majesty the King of
the French in place of Lewis Cass, resigned.
JOHN TYLER,
The tollowing is the vote on the above nomi
nation:
YEAS.—Messrs. Calhoun, Cuthbert, Fulto 1
King, McDuffie, Sevier, Sturgeon, YV'alker—B.
NAYS. —Messrs. Archer, Bagby, Barrow,
Bayard, Benton _ Berrien, Clayton, Conrad,
Crafts, Crittenden, Evans, Graham, Henderson,
Huntington, Linn, Mangum, Merrick, Miller,
Morehead, Porter, Simmons, Smith, of Indiana,
Sprague, Tappan, White, YVoodbridge.—26.
Washington, March, 3, 1843
To the Senate of the United States;
I nominate Henry A. YY'ise to be Envoy Ex
traordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary to the
Court of his Majesty the King >f the French, in
the place of Lew is Cass resigned.
JOHN TYLER,
The following is the vote on the above nomi
nation :
Yeas—Messrs. Cuthbert, YV'alker—2,
Nays—Messrs, Alien, Atelier, Bagby, Bar.
row, Bayaid, Benton, Berrien, Clayton, Con
rad, Crafts, Crittenden, Dayton, Graham, Hen
derson, Huntington, Linn, Mangum, Merrick,
Miller, -Morehead, Phelps, Porter, Sevier, Sim
mons, Smith, of Indiana, Sprague, Tappan,
YVhite, YVoodbridge—29.
YVashincton, March 2, 1813.
To the Smale of the United States:
I nominate CalebCushing, of Massachusetts,
to be Secretaiy of the Treasury, in place of
Walter Forward, resigned.
JOHN TYLER.
The following is the vote on the above nom
ination:
Yeas—Mews. Bates, Buchanan, Calhoun,
Choate, Cuthbert, Evans, Fulton, King, Mc-
Duffie, Mcßoberts, Rives, Sevier, Sturgeon.
Tallmadge, Walker, YVilcox, YVilliaias, YVood
bury, YV right—l 9.
Nays—M :ssrs. Allen, Archer, Bagby, Bar
row, Bayafc, Benton, Berrien, Clayton, Con
rad, Craft’, Crittenden, Graham, Henderson,
lltiii!iii''ton. Ken, I .inn, M n?um, Meirick,
Milla:, M ’leaeari, Yheljw, Porter, Simiuotts,
Smith, ol Indiana, Sprague, Tappan, YVhite
yVASHtNUTON, March 3, 1843.
To the Senate ot 'the United States:
lu submitting to you the name of Cajeb Cush
ing as Secretary of the Treasury, I did sp in
full view of his consummate abilities, his un
questioned patriotism, and full capacity to dis
charge with honor to himself and advantage to
the count:y the high and important duties ap
jrertaining to that Department of the Govern
ment. The respect which I have for the wis
dom of the Senate has caused me again, since
);is rejection, to reconsider his merits and his
gupiitieations. That review has satisfied me
lha( 1 could not have a more able adviser in
tiji? adinipistratiqp ot public affairs, or the coun
try a more faithful therefore,
to Ire my duty to renominate
I nominate Caleb Cushing to be Secretly ot
the Treasury in the place of Walter Forward,
resigned. JOHN TYLER.
The following is the vote on the above nomi
nation :
Yeas—Messrs. Bates, Calhoun, Cuthbert,
Fulton, King, McDuffie, Rives, Sevier, Stur
geon, Walker—lo.
Messrs. Allen, Archer, Bagby, Bar
roirf Benton, Berrien, Clayton, Con
rad, Crafts, 'CyixtendeA, .Graham, Henderson,
Huntington, Kerr, Linn, Mai;gtjm, Merrick,
Miller, Morehead, Porter, Simmons, Smith of
Indiana, Sprague, Tappan, YVhite, YY Tood
bridge—27.
Washington, March 3, 1843.
'[hi the Senate of the Untied States:
f iioiuiggte Caleb Cushing as Secretary of
the Treasuiy, in thn plate of Walter Forward,
resigned r JOHN TYLER.
The following is the vote on the above nomi
nation :
Yeas—Messrs. Cuthbert, YValker—2.
Navs —Messrs, Allen, Archer, Bagby, Bar
row, llavard, Benton, Berrien, Clayton, Con
rad, Crafts, Crittenden. Dayton, Graham, Hen
derson, Huntington, Kerr, Linn, Mangum,
Merrick, Miller, Morehead, Phelps, Porter,
Simmons. Smith of Indiana, Sprague, Tappan,
White, Woodbridge—29.
De rth or an A mkhican learn,
says the N. O. Tropic, from Capt. Walter, ot
schooner Merchant, from Laguna, that Charles
Russell, American Consular that port, died on
the 9th February.
TWENTY-SEVENTH CONGRESS.
Um i:. i imdcii' of Ciii.il. ten tteurl.r.
YY’asuixoton, March 2, 1843.
This was the last day but one of the session,
and a number of interesting events were crowd
ed into it.
The Senate was in session till after midnight
—much ofthe time with closed doors.
It is presumed that the nomination of Mr.
Wise, for France, was confirmed.
Mr. Cushing was nominated to-day, as Sec
retary ofthe Treasury.
Mr. W. W. Irwin, of Petin., was nominated
as Charge of Affairs at Copenhagen.
The bill providing fin the execution of the
late Treaty was passed by the Senate, in the
same form in which it caine from the House.
Mr. Rives threw out some remarks in opposi
tion to the views ofthe President, as contained
in his late message, on th4 B ight of Search. Mr.
R. contended, that the President admitted too
much, in supposing that any case would justify
even a qualified right of visitation. The gene
ral, civil and diplomatic bill was passed, but
loaded with amendments.
In the House, the resolution of the majority
ofthe Committee of Commerce, concerning the
rights of colored seamen, were laid on the table,
by a vote of 86 to 50.
A bill passed, reducing the rates of postage on
letters to live cents, tor distances not exceeding
fifty miles, and ten cents, exceeding fifty miles;
double letters and pamphlets, to pav by weight,
not by the number of pieces. This' bill went to
the Senate, where it was disagreed to. The
House has yet to act on that disagreement.
Mr. Johnson of Maryland, from the Select
Committee, to which had been referred a large
number of memorials, asking tor the issue oft wo
hundred millions of Government stock, based on
the public lands, made a report thereon; conclud
ing with the following resolutions, viz:
Resolved, That it is expedient to employ the
credit of the Government of the United States,
to the extent prayed for by the memorialists.
Resolved, That a Committee of- repott a
bill accordingly.
The report was ordered to be printed.
Mr. J. R. Ingersoll submitted a resolution to
print five thousand extra copies ofthis as well as
the reports heretofore made by the majority and
minority ofthe Committee of YVavsand Means
on a similar, but not identical subject. Objec
tion being made, it lies over.
Mr. Adams olfered a substitute for the resolu
tions ofthe select committee, to the effect, 1.
'JihitiJllie J'epudjatiflflhLanj' one State, of any
debt cuiitiactcj by the authority
ot the is violative of that
part of the Conslittnton of the United States
which declares that “no State shall pass any law
impairing the obligation of contracts.” 2. That
if any State ofthis Union shall, inconsequence
ol such repudiation, involve herself in a war
with any foreign power, the Congress ofthe U
nited States has not the power to involve them,
or the people thereof, in such a war, the State
involving herself therein shall cease to be a State
of the Union, tnd shall have no right to call tor
aid upon the other States, or any one of them.
He moved that the resolutions be printed: and
on this question the yeas and nays were order
ed.
Mr. Campbell of South Carolina, made an
ineffectual attempt to submit an amendment,
that the Constitution ofthe United States does
not authorize Congress to dictate to the Legisla
ture, of a State with regard to its financial or
internal concerns.
The motion to print the resolutions of Mr.
Adams was negatived—yeas 75, nays 108
On motion of Mr. Atherton, the report of the
select committee, including the amendment,
was laid upon the table.
Corrt-pondenee yf the Charleston Patriot.
YVashington, March 3.
Gn the last day of the session, bills ere sent
backwards and forwards between the two branch
es so frequently, that a description of the busi
ness in either would be useless, f therefore
give the result.
Tlie Joint Counnittee oi' Conference, on the
amendiueut to the Navy Appropriation bill,
made a report, The report lecommemied that
#IOO.OOO be appropriated fora Diy Dock at Pen
sacola, and that the woik on the Dry Dock al
Btooklyn be suspended until the Secretary ofthe
Treasury shall have investigated the matter and
reported thereon at the next session. The re
port was concuned in aud the bill sent to the
President.
A message was received from the President
stating that he bad signed numerous bills.
A number of bills relating to the intemol af
faiis of this District were taken up and finally
passed. The Lili for the re-charter of the Dis
trict Banks, has been abandoned. The present
charters do not expire until July 1841, so there is
no peed of hurry.
In the House, the amendmentsot the Senate
to the Civil and Diplomatic Appropriation bills
were discussed lor several hours in Committee
of the YVhole. While the del ate was proceed
ing, Mr. Proffit strolled into the aisle in front
of the Chair. The Chairman, Mr. M’Kunnan,
in rather a peremptory tone desired Mr, P, to
take hl* seat.
The galleries being crowded, Mr. Proffit was
rather uettled at the order, auJ said “1 will not
lake my seat.”
Mr. Stanley moved that the Committee rise
and report that fact to the House, viz: the fact
that Mr. Proffit would not take his seat.
Mr. Botts denounced the motion as ridiculous
YV'hat, said he, are members to be spoken to and
ordered to take their seats like a parcel of school
boys!”
Mr. YVise in a jocular manner said if the
Committee would proceed with the regular
business, he would guarantee that his friend Mr.
Proffit should observe order. Here the matter
dropped, but Mr. P. was very angry, and drew
up a most belligerent resolution, which, how
ever, the Chair decided to be out of order.
The general Appropriation bill was finally re
turned to the Senate, with additional amend
ments. It will probably be midnight before its
passage.
Tire Senate amended the House bill for the
reissue of Treasury Notes, so as in substance to
fund the notes. The House refused to concur,
and the Senate insisted. A Committee of Con
ference was then appointed.
The Senate also refused to concur in the a
mendment ofthe House to the bill for a reduc
tion of the rates of postage.
The Retrenchment bill, 518 will, witluut
doubt, be lost for the want of time or inclination
to take it up.
The bill to prevent the transmissionofNew’s
papers out of the mail, will also be lost for the
same reason.
A resolution to admit ladies on the floor of
the House has just been adopted. The ladies
rushed in like a flood, and for once divide the
political empire With their lords. They looked
like blue belts and violets among nettles.
YVasuington, March 4.
The House of Representatives adjourned
this morning sine die, about an hour past mid
night, leaving the Senate in executive session.
The admittance of ladies on the floor of the
House, although a very sweet solace to mem
bers, va,s a serious h jndrapeg to business. The
tact was that when tfie Speaker undertook to
count the votes, fie got bewildered, members be
ing in some cases completely concealed from
his view by their fair companions. In addition
to the ladies, near forty ofthe other sex were in
vited within the bar by members, so that, as Mr.
Stanley contended, motions were frequentlj’
carried by the Speaker, mistaking those persons
for members.
The galleries were crowded to excess the
whole time, aud the noise was so great that it
required an uncommon pair of lungs to be
heard. Same members were laughing, others
were coughing and sneezing tor amusement,
and making the most fantastical noises.
Mr. Briggs, who was Chairman pro tern., en
deavored to keep order, by thundering most en
ergetically with hismace.
Mr. YVise said the noise of the mace was
mure disagreeable than any other.
The joke plcase.4 the House prodigiously, and
a peal oflaugliiei arose which fasten some min
utes, Air. Bnges iuuiiueiiiie uiiti tils mace all
the while.
The Senate and House not agreeing on the
bill to re-issue Treasury Notes, a Joint Commit
tee ol Conference was appointed. A report was
made to the effect that the Notes, instead of be
ing re-issued, the holders should be entitled to
ifertiftpatys of Stock at 6 per cent, redeemable in
ten years.—ln this form, the bill was signed by
the President.
The Civil and Diplomatic Appro] riationbili
was also signed. The bill making appropria
tion for a Commercial Agent to China, was
slightly amended by the Senate, and afterwards
finally passed. Much anxiety was manifested
in relation to the fate ol the Bankrupt Repeal
bill, but at a very late hour, the President re
turned it with his signature.
The dividing the U. States into two military
districts, was also passed.
Mr. Adams from the Committee on Foreign
Affairs, desired to report resolutions condemna
tory of the acf of Capt. Jones in taking Mon
terey, and asking the passage of a law to pro
vide punishment for similar offences in future.
The resolutions were not received.
Mr. YVeller moved a resolution of thanks to
the Hon. John YVhite. tor the able
tial manner in which he had discharged the du
ties of Speaker.
On this resolution a veiy warm debate arose
Among others Air. YVise rose, and disclaimer!
any personal feeling against the Speaker, altho’
he could not vote on the resolution. He took
the opportunity to denounce as false and slan
derous the report, that his, (Mr. YV’s.) opposi
tion to certain measures, had arisen because he
had not himself been appointed Speaker. Fi
nally the resolution was adopted by a vote of
141 to 17.
At twelve o'clock a warm dispute arose as to
whether any further business could be transac
ted after that hour.
Mr. YVise contended that the day did not ex
pire till to-morrow noon. The Constitutional
and Astronomical day, he maintained was from
noon till noon He also referred to the Scrip
ture, where it says, “the evening and the morn
ing were the first day.” Other members took a
different view, but no business was transacted
after twelve.
The Senate being in Executive session, a
committee was sent to the President oftheJUni
ted States to say that the House was ready to
adjourn, provided he had no further communi
cation.
YVhite the Committee was ttone, the House
having mlthiii” iodo, iq'cu.'d b’lit iipi ir mi
ciliefan.l miiih.
Mr. Snyder called upon the clerk tor a -lory
or a song.
Another member moved a call of the House,
while a third desired the Speaker to say if the
“morning honr” had not arrived. These jokes
created the most outrageous laughter.
At length the Committee returned from the
President bringing his good wishes for the health
and happiness of members.
Mr. Speakei YVhite delivered an eloquent val
edictory, and then the Hall was instantly cleared.
The Retrenchment bill 518, as was reported,
was lost for want of inclination to consider it.
The bill to prevent the transmission of newspa
pers out of the Mail and to prohibit private ex
presses, was also lost for want of time.
The twice rejected nominations of Mes-rs.
YVise and Cushing have created great astonish
ment. Upto the very hour of action no one
doubted their confirmation. It is understood
that Mr. Spencer goes into the Treasury Depart
ment.
From the Southern Miscellany.
House op Reprp.sbntatives, I
January 14th, 1843. $
Mr. Levy submitted the following resolution,
which was considered and adopted:
Resolved, That the Secretary ol YVar be re
quired to luruisb to this House a copy of the
report amt survey ofthe mouth of the Suwanee
river in Florida, and the estimate for said work;
and that he also furnish to this House an esti
mate ofthe cost of surveying a route for a rail
road to connect the waters of the St. John's and
Suwanee rivers.— Washingtnn “Globe."
Mr. Editor, — Please to insert the above “reso
lution,” and allow me to add a few historical
and general remarks on the subject.
For many years back, it has lieen a great de
sideratum with many enterprising men of the
country, to agitate the construction of a com
mercial thoroughfare across the peninsula ot
Florida, in order to obviate the distance and
danger, by sea, around the cape, (and among
the Bahama Islands) as a channel, or route, of
commercial transportation between the North
ern and Southern Atlantic cities, and New Or
leans, Mobile and other cities on the Gull ot
Mexico.
The first thing to ascertain was, whether the
object was practicable •nd to what extent.
In 1825, it was brought before the public, and
from interviews an.l correspondence, and the
co-operatt<7u ot”7rt-4lily influential members of
Congress, the subject was favorably introduced
to that body in the winter oft 825 and 6.
The late lamented Col. Joseph M. YVhite,
then delegate from Florida, brought it before
the House of Representatives in such an im
pressive and masterly manner—developing the
great national importance of the object—- that
Congress, with acclamation, readily appropria
ted 5520,000, and directed a thorough survey ot
the peninsula, with the view of a ship canal, or
steamboat thoroughfare, between the Atlantic
and the Gulf of Mexico; either from the harbor
of St. Marys and Amelia Island, or from the
St. Johns river. The surveys •’■ere executed by
two corps of United States Engineers, embrac
ing all the Middle and Northern part of the pe
ninsula and Isthmus, and the Northern margin
of the Gulf to the Mississippi river, through
Lake Ponehartrain an J Bayou Alatishae, above
New Orleans, and embracing that city also.
In 1828, $lO, Wt) more was appropriated and
expended m defining the route selected from
Black creek to the Suwanee river, bmeing the
earth, sinking shafts, &c. —which resulted in
the imprarticabitily ol a canal of sufficient mag
nitude, for want of sufficient feeders across the
summit; and only sat 6 feet water, best chan
nel, among the Oyster bank-, at the mouth of
the Suwanee, ami only 8 at 9 feet, at higher wa
ter, ami a very uangeroiis bar at the mouth of
the St, Johns river, with only IJ at 5 feet, al tow
tide.
The Government published in pamplifi t form,
Gen. Barnard’s volumiliO’is report in 1828, and
an extensive map of the survey in 1829; and
thus finding the national object sought tor im
practicabte, it was abandoned by Congress, The
report and map furnished the friends us the en
terprise extensive and usuful infiirmation,
It enabled them to discover that il ever the
object could be eflected, it mu»l be done by rail
road, and that too, in a tar more northern route
than from St. Alarys or St. Johns river, in or
cer to avoid exposure by sea, sounds, and inland
navigation on the Atlantic side, ami also on the
Gult side, between the place of entrance imo
the Gull of Mexico, and New Orleans and Mo
bile; and particularly in ease of war, in order
to render the ajiproaches to the thoroughfare
secure from the ships and eiuisers of an enemy.
Consequently, a rail-road route was subse
quently selected, tor individual capital, from
Brunswick,Geoigia, across the Isthmusot Flo
rida to St. Joseph on the Gulf of Alexieo; but
that was found, also, too tar South, through a
barren country ai)d sparse population, and has
exploded and gone back to oblivion, to rest for
ever in “the tomb ot the Capulets." It did not
explode for the want of money, but tor the want
ofthe tight sort of Engineering talents, ami cuui
mon honesty, to execute die work of a short 10
mile steamboat canal, through level tide land
from the splendid port of Brunswick Io the Al
tamaha river
Another route has since been selected from
the port of Savannah to run west towards the
Gult of Mexico, with the view of transporting
the great mail, passengers and merchandise, be
tween the Atlantic, Alobile and New Orleans,
and all other intermedia'e bu-ine. s of transpor
tation, each way: but that route is, also, too far
South to secure the safety amt dispatch required
tbrthe promutkiii ®t the great national object de
sired, between New York’ and all the Atlantic
cities, and New Orleans, and the cities ofthe
Gulf States, either in time of peace or war. Al!
the routes and schemes to cut off the Caper and
Keys of Florida, South of Charleston, have be
come exploded; aud hence, it is novel to con
jecture what object or benefit could have prompt
ed the Postmaster General to have caused a let
ter written to him from St. Augustine, Florida,
to be published in the National Intelligence! of
December 20th; and also, ot the adoption ofthe
resolution by Congress, at the head ofthis arti
cle, to re-agitate the Government and the coun
try upon so visionary and exploded an object
already abandoned by Congress, and individual
enterprise, tong ago. A celebrated Engineer
wrote me on the 7th ult. as follows: “I agree
with you that the proposed Florida scheme is
entirely visionary. I have no idea that travel
and the mail will be risked at sea farther than
can possibly be helped. The Postmaster Gen
eral is convinced ol this, but in order to frighten
the present carriers ofthe mail, he causes those
communications to be published. By these
means, he hopes to bling us to better terms at
the approaching letting.”
The main original object, however, is still
the same, an t the demand tor it daily increas
ing with the increase of population, travel md
commerce of the country, between the Atlantic
States and the States on the Gulf of Mexico, to
wit: a great national thoroughfare across the
country, most advantageous to cut oft the route
by sea around the peninsula of Florida.
Experience and practical demonstration has
enabled a)l impartial minds to discover that it
should be as litffe exposed to the risk and de
lays of the sea and the sounds, and inland crook
ed navigation along the Atlantic coast as possi
ble. and, also, upon the northern margin of the
Gulf of Alexieo, and especially in case of war
at any future day. The main question should,
therefore, now be considered as settled, that
Charleston is the most southern and neatest
important port to New York and the Atlantic
cities to a national rail road thoroughfare
across the country, in the most direct practical
route for Muntgoinerjx Mobile, New Orleans
and the Gult States.
The great despatch and safety, between New
Y'ork and the city of YVashington, Charleston,
Mobile and New Orleans, aii.l all intermediate
points, is the grand object desired; and any lo
cal feeling.-, | elty interests, or foolish “State
pride”should merge in the general welfare.
The “lin -- :m I boundaries of a Stale” ought
not to be viewed as connected with the subject.
It is a great national object for binding States
together, and perpetuating the Union and its
general prosperity. The States of South Car
olina, Georgia, Alabama, Mississippi and Lou
isiana are all mutually interested in promoting
this great national rail road th< roughfare across
the country, to cut off the long, dangerous rou e
by sea, around the Cape and Keys of Florida,
or the upper route by steamboats from New Or
leans and the Ohio riypr.
The topographical location of Georgia, as
well as South Carolina and Alabama, together
with their superior advantages of winter cli
mate over that of the North, ate destined by na
ture to place these three States in the front rank
»t some great national object of internal im
provement, mutually, for their own and the na
tional benefit; and Georgia is placed in the most
important central location of either. She has
so many great and increasing states of wealth;
populationand agriculture lying, as it were at
her back and side, whose best interestscan only
be promoted by crossing her territory, to get to
an Atlantic market, instead of descending riv
ers to the Gulf of Alexieo, and be subjected to
the long, circuitous, and dangerous route by sea,
around the Capes and Keys of Florida—that
she may be literally compared to a large plan
tation, located between an extensive neighbor
hood and a mill and a meeting house, across
which it might be found indispensibly necessa
ry that roads should be opened for the conveni
ence, happiness, and the comforts ot lite and
necessity, o.' a community of people thus situ
ated. A man cannot get rich without inter
course with his neighbors, neither can a State.
Sound money and property, free trade and fair
competition is the basis of liberty, and the true
stimulant of a mail to put forth his mind, labor,
talents and and become an exem
plary, virtuous citizen—a lover of good order
and Government, and a usefu] being to himself
and family, and to his country.
1 have always believed from the outset that
the project of the rail road from Augusta, as a
continuation of the road from Chaileston, was
a judicious one, if properly located across the
State, pointing towards Mcfntgomery, Mobile
and New Orleans, for a national thoroughfare:
which the States of Alabama, Mississipjii and
Louisiana may hereafter, when able; extend
from Alontgomery westwardly, until it shall in
tersect the New Orleans and Nashville rail
readjust above Lake Ponehartrain; and thus a
great reciprocal commercial avenue across the 1
; country will be opened liir the general pro.-ner
ity between !lu: Atlmi],’ ; i ~, , end III” Gulf
nates.
Siicl a national thorium,hfare, v , U1 , ik , u |,| i(
not lie extended lor many vears further than
Montgomery, will divert, tte: better, an so,.
mense amount of transportation of produce
merchandise and travel, and obviate the loss ot
goods by sea, and many lives annually, around
the Capes and Keys ot Florida, by givim- great
er despatch and safety across h
Carolina and Alabama; and in caseut war at
any future day, its national advantages and
benefits would be incalculable.
I have always entertained a favorable opin
ion of this route for a railroad across Georgia
to West Point, because it will have no naviga
ble river, inland steam boat navigation, or par
allel railroad to contend with ■ and it can alway
outstrip in despatch, comfort and economy to the
planter, the merchant, the traveller and thetrans
portation of the mail, the old fashion mode ot
wagonage and stageing over Ans' rooos.
Here lies the true field for raising the standard
of “State pride” and prosperity, in which Geor
gia and the Gulf Stales, and South Carolina,
will become joint parlneis; and which can nev
er be competed with by other rail roads west of
Augusta ,ot steamboat navicatiun; but will ever
receive auxiliary support from those two inodes
of transportation in Albania and Mississippi.
And the “State railroad:” and the Monroe rail
road in Georgia, should they ever be completed
north of Griffin to the Tennessee river, together
with the southern end of that road below Griffin
as far as Macon, will also become auxiliary
to this great cosf and ursi national thoroughfare
at the place where it may cross that toad.
I he cast and icest line will always accumulate
more trade, travel and the traSpoitation ol the
great mail, whether “finished first or than
the north and south line; because Macon and
Savannah are too fur south ol the most direct
route, back and forth, between New Orleans,
Mobile, Montgomery, YVest Point, Augusta,’
Charleston, YVashingtoncity, Baltimore, Phila
delphia and New Y'ork.
These, however, are the two great national
arteries through and across the State, whieh if
they can ever lie finished in a proper manner,
will then enable the State ofGeorgia to stand as
the God of nature evidently designed her to stand
to wit: with open arms to her sister Slates on
her extensive northern and western boundaries,
and to reciprocate with them in trade, transpor
tation and general prosperity, through and aero: s
her territory, from two vast an 1 distinct quarters
ofthe Union—from Tennessee and beyond, on
. the north, and from New Orleans, Mississippi
and Alabama, on the west.
YVhat local mind, or even a Georgian with
one eye, could wish to defeat, by his vote or
voice, an object of such expansive Interest, pro*
perity and national magnitude to the State and
the country ?
The people of the interior of Georgia and the
neighboring States are capable of judging for
theuiselves, in regard to their oirn interests oi
trade, travel, and commerce, when all the great
markets on the Atlantic aretlirown open to their
right ofchoice, and lair commercial competition.
“Patriotism" or local predilections, or the bound
aries oi States have nothing to do with the “laws
of trade” and sell-interest.
The people are inherently disposed, when in
their power, to send their jiroduce and property
ot trade to that market where they can obtain
the best prices and a sound currency, and procure
their retuiti supplies on the best terms. This
main thoroughfare therefore, between New Y ork
and New Orleans, byway of Charleston, Augus
ta, Madison, YVest Point, and Montgomery,
will always afford the preduminating fai ilities
to promote the above results to the merchants,
planters and great mass of the people pl Georgia,
Alabama and Mississippi, and Louisiana—as
it can be easily intersected on both sides, along
the wind ’ line, by wagonage an I tributary rail
roads.
; The company stock, therefore, will ultimate
ly become an object of interest to the capitalists
of the northern and southern cities mid Stat is.
i Shouhi it cross the Monroe Railroad at Griliin,
it would receive all the auxiliary trade, trans-
1 portatioii and travel at that ]4aee, from the
' “Slate Railroad” Io the Tennessee river on the
north, which it would receive by running from
MaJj.-mt lu YVititehall, DeKalb county, and
( there terminate; and, al the same time, from
! Gi ifltu, it would have YVest Point, Montgome
ry, New Orleans, and all the Gull Slates in
prosjieetive certainly directly ahead, whether
' the “State Road” to Tennessee river should ev
er be finished or not.”
' At Gritlin it would pass convenient to all
’ those rich cotton counties on the south us the
line, as l:.r as Alaeoti; un i should the merch
ants ot that city ever find it to their oicn■ inler-
' cst or convenience, to send their cotton from
Alacott ou the Railroad, byway of Griffin, to
Augusta or Charleston, to pay a debt or pur
chase goods, < r to obtain a better price or better
unrrcncy, and to receive theirgoods in return by
the same channel, they would t ten have it in
their power to do so, 'l'fie merchals of Alaeun
would then have “two strings to their bow," for
trade and communication and Itavel with New
York or Charleston, according to the fluctua
tions of prices and the currency, which would
always govern their ut>vt< v , lu ltn> Jtmoitw
the Railroad, they might select, for the promo
tion of their iwn interests aud convenience.—
Cotton car-wheels will run as quick and cheap
one way as the other, from Macon/o Griffin., and
there turn EAST tor Madison, Augusta or
Charleston. Who can command the ft eight bul
the people, merchants and planters, who men the
property! Every man in this country’ (so jar)
has the tight to cto his market, in the ulterior
or on tite Atlantic; andjiaythe “common car
riers” (by railroad, wagon, navigation or other
wise) their freight, on one rail road, as well as
another.
Macon, therefore, will not be injured, but
benefited as the writer conceives, by having “two
strings to her bow.” if her merchants ami plan
ters cannot better promote their interests and
convenience by sending their cotton on the tail
road, by the way of Griffin and Aladison, to Au
gusta and Charleston, or New York, and receive
their merchandise andsupplies by the same chan
nel, in any future event ot the markets, thevwill
pursue such other course, as their own judg
ment may direct. The country is yet free, and
should be opened to “tree trade” and fail com
mercial competition, regardlessofthe “bounda
ries of States.” " A GEORGIAN.
P. B.—The writer has sometimes thought,
and imbibed the opinion, that had Georgia been
created at the beginning of the world, without
any’ sea-port at all, she would now have been far
more prosperous and happy’ in her political,
physical, and financial condition.
The God ofnature, in his bounteous pleasure
identified her Atlantic bonier with so many large
inZeZs for shipping, (six) that a spirit of rivalry,
envy, and local contentions has ever kept the
Govet nmenl and the people of the interior under
the trammels of discord and party divisions—
based on sectional sea-board strife, deep intrigue
and] bigdelusions, to involve the State; i. e. ttw.
people and the Treasury. The grand question
for the great mass of the people of the interior
of Geoigia to decide has arrived, to wit: —will it
be just and wise, in the constitutional article of
“toxnlion" fortlie Suite Government to sutler it
self to be further misled and bankrupted , by the
local dictations and delusions ofthe remote, ex
treme diagonal eastern CORNER ofthe State?!!!
And thus be over-ruled by intrigue in the Legis
lature, to become the common des'royers, instead
of tfie common promoters of the general prosper
ity ofGeorgia and her sister States.
YVhen any' Government goes wrong in her
“money matters” at the centre, like the main shaft
of machinery, the people will be sure to get
wrong, and go wrong in the end, also. A Gov
ernment, therefore, should be to the people like
the polar > tar to the mariner.
A GEORGIAN.
Misstssiepi.—The Democratic Convention
recently belli at Jackson, Miss., adjoinned on
the 24th nr., after nominating lite following
ticket:—l ot Governor—A. G. Bro.vn, of Copi
ah. For Congress—Jacob Thompson, of La'
layette; \V ... Al. Gwin, of YY'arnn ; Dr. Ham
met, ol V, ...’La.giutt; YVtit. A. Stone, ol Law
rence.
Earthquake in the YVest Indies. —In aslip
from YVashington, N. C., we have intelligence,
brought by schr. Raleigh, Capt. Brooks, from
St. Maiten,(YV. I.) ol an alarming earthquake
which occurred on the Bth Feb. ult.—The fol
lowing letter written by D. Atwell, at the town
of Phillipsburg, gives the particulars so far as
known. — IF<7. JZess.
St. Marten, Feb. 8, 1843.
About 10 o’clock a. tn. to day, this Island ex
perienced art alarming Earthquake.—lt lasted
from three to four minutes, during which period
and indeed, some time after, this town, Pitilips
burg, Netherland Division, exhibited a distress
ing scene. The heads of families, on business
were seen hastening home, scarcely’ able to
keep their balance; owing to the agitated move
ments ofthe earth; some of them finding their
wives, children, relatives and servants in the
yards, others in the streets; those that remained
in their houses, iq many cases clasped together,
imploring the Omnipotent l;and, ruling a|l events
for pardon and mercy expecting every ntoinent
tobethe last. Thenoiseandjaroftliefmniture
moving about, the breaking ol glass, &e. &<•.,
added to the creaking of the houses and the awful
roar of an earthquake, filled the boldest heart
v. ilh fear and consternation. Many wall houses
are much injured. Most of the old walls lay at
this time in heaps in different sections of the
town. The sand or earth, forming the shoresol
our town is opened and raised in an extraordin- 1
ary manner, plainly showing the escape of con
fined air. Many families were anxious, and 1
some preparing to leave their dwellings to seek 1
safety on board of vessels in port even after the i
shock, fearing tfie danger was riot over.
At 4p. m. the Island was again alarmed, but 1
the shock was of short duration; and non, as I 1
write J past 9. p. m., we have just experience! a 1
third shock, although the two latter were not of '
very alarming cast. I bavejust heard verbally
from Maragal, French Division. Some ofthe
houses are much injured, but no lives lost. <
Thursday, 9th. Arrived this morning the schr. ,
Sisters, Capt. Marshall, who was off St. Kilts <
at the time ot the first earthquake yesterday.
His recital ofthe circumstances is pathetic in i
the extreme. Both St. Kitts and St. Eustatja i
have suffered but the particulars are not yet i
known." D. ATYVELL.
jEj’FEnso.’.’.s Biktm Dav.—Some ofthe YVes
terti papers a e jtroposing a celebration ol the
ceittenial bit th day of Thomas Jefferson. He
was born on the 2<l of April, O. S., 1743.
Loss ofthe Steamer Gen. Pike.
YVe regret to be called upon to record the sink
ing of the steamer Gen. Pike, Capt. Ross. Itound
from Cincinnati for New Orleans, and the toss
of lout lives. The Pike was rounding into a
wood y ard, near the fool oi island No 84, Sun
day afternoon last, when she struck a snag and
commenced sinking. Every effort was used to
tut. her upon the bat ou the opposite side of the
ttyer, lint when the boat was about the middle
ot the Alissjssippi, she had sunk so far as to put
?. lu . 1 "' ” l f S| “ n '* ’!*’ e commenced drifting down
■ u Ji- 1 '? > v ,!le lilrie l * l '’ phssengers and crew
,„U tended the boat bad sunk to her hurricane
1 she lidge'l lf,ddril,ed i '’ X ° r eigl,t ,I,iles w,,ere
1 Green fn ) l >n‘i^ aBSeD ?, eal ’ a J' OUI ‘S ,uan named
boarr and w^T n Vernon,'lndiana, fell ovet
< hand’ oMeck‘» OW “ ed ’ ■' ,nd ,hree otl,ers - deck
Irand. or deck passengers, were known to be
We are informed by Capt. Dugan, ofthe Scio
a Valley, who was alongside the wreck some
hours alter the acctdent, lhat lhe b()a , and
will prove an entire loss. ' rh( . b f
passengers was also lost. " s
' he cargo was principally r<Jlk lard and
flour, and was generally insured. The boat was
owned by C a; t. Ross, and Strader & Gorman of
Cincinnati, and was insuredforeleventhousand
d< Hat ,-.V O. Topic.f the <dd.
Still Another Steamer GOne.—The offi
cers of the Grey Eagle, arrived last evening fr oni
Louisville, report lhat on the 24th ult. they pass
ed the steamer Queen ofthe YVest, sunk to het
main deck, at Shawneetown. We could gather
no further particulars.—A'. O. Pic. of 2d.
Leo it. Decisions.—The Southern Recorder
says several Legal Decisions have recently
been made, in the northern circuit, interesting
and novel. Among them, the decision that the
Remainder in personal estate is not the subject
of levy during the existence of the Particular
estate, another that property sold after the Ist
January, is not subject to levy for the tax of
that year, in the handsof the purchaser. That
the tax must l.e looked for from the holder on
tb*lst January, not from the properly given in
I and subsequently sold.
: A New Medicine.—Dr. Locke ofTonawan-
da. neat Bullalo, was lately called up at Dight lu
I visit a jiatietit, said to be dying ot spasmodic
I convulsions. He- went and found the man,
named Harriott, raging about the room at a ter
rible rate—beatinghis head against the wall, and
throwing himself into all possible shapes. Tlie
Doctot approached and was saluted with a vio
lent Z z.7.. By dint of perseverance, he succeed
ed, however, in ascertaining that his patient was
hoaxing him. He immediately ordered him to
get up, and, by’ way of assistance, gave him a
few cuts with his : iding whip; whereupon the
‘ man declared he fell much butter, and became
quiet. The Doctor was arrested for assault and
■ battery, and fined six cents, which the District ■
. Attorney cheerfully paid, in consideration ofthe
• new medicine he had introduced—the remedy
, used not being prescribed in any book of Phar
macy.—-V. Y . Tribune.
I
j Death op one op Nature’.” \oBi.EMKN.-Josi
ah YVanl died lately at Lorain, Ohio. He was
one ot the last ol that brave band who assisted in
, the destruction of the tea in Boston harbor. He
served bi - country through the whole Revolution
it ith fidelity. After the Revolution was over
’ he settled down upon a farm. For fortv years
, before hi; death lie was a good Christian and
, hottest citizen.— Buffalo Courier.
i The man ofthe Pittsburg Chronicle snvs that
I in Cincinnati they light the streets by setting tire
i to a pig’s tail, and then giving the animal the
freedom of the city. YVlieu this natural lamp is
i burnt out, the pig is found to be first tale bacon.
Formerly philosophers alone gave light to the
world, now it is done by the swinish multitude.
“This is an age of revolution,” as the water-
I wheel said.
An u.o.;v between Diseases or DitTHRENT
I’liuiui .s op Live and CottuEspoNDiNU Periods
or Ttt>: Y Ear.—Some ofthe French physicians,
adopting the notions ofthe atieieiits, have lately
promulgated lhe doctrine of an analogy between
the disca: -s occurring nt different periodsol lite,
and those which are piodueed at conestiondiiig
periods of the year. Thus,-in Spring, they say,
it is the y oung whosufler most front disease—
the maladies that arc chiefly ptodueed in that
season, such as inflamatory diseases, and other*
which are dependent on too copious, a general
or partial sitonlv of blood, to which persons of
s«uy age ate mote esjtectally subject, t tie din
cases weich prevail in Sumiiier, are mostly those
attacking persons ot middle age, as, for instance
diseases affecting the biliary organs; and ttiu
A iilwnimil complaints are principally expci ienc
ed by individuals 11 more advanced years. The
HViiZcr, they observe, is fertile in theumatisms,
neuralgia, catarrhs, tqioplexics, and otlterdiseas
es which infest the aged, who tor the most part
pay the debt ofnature at this season.— l.i.mhm
Lancet.
Cot NTiiurEiT Central Money.—A few days
since one of our Merchants informed us that lie
received three S2O bills of Central money from
a gentleman passing through this place. It be
ing near dark when he received them, he did
not notice them particularly until the next morn
ing. The paper ot these bills is much coarser,
and the signatures badly executed.— Fort Gaines
Mule-raioi.
Krtnn lhe Charlc&tun Putriul,
One ofthe peculiarities of our country at the
present pet fed, appears to be a tendency to ec
centricity of mind, as well as moral al.ert alion,
w’hich assume all imaginable shapes of fantastic
belief as well as alt: ■ ions clime. The wotst'
forms of l ice and the .. ,„..t mot bid condition of
tlie imagination appear to have become blended
as characteristics of our people. No sooner is
one strange novelty bodietl forth in some shape
to work with effect on popular credulity, than it
is driven from its temporary supremacy and a
new fantasy usurps its place. Moi mon is suc
ceeded by Millet delusions with unparalleled
rapidity, and these f ancies of fanaticism or in
ventions ot designing imposters unhinge the
moral principles ofthe people, by destroying the
equipiose between the imagination and the judg
ment.
To what shall we attribute this iticreasjitg dis
position to influences so destructive ot the physi
cal prosperity and subversive ofthe socialnapni
l ess ot our people? Why it is stated that tfie
ipost pra-trial community in the w orld are
driven about by every wind of doctrine, how
ever fantastic and improbable—a pt ey to fan
atics and imposters on matters that involve
the exercise of: ober judgment and rational in
ference? Our people in the mass are mote in
telligent than the nations ofthe old world who
are fat le s under these dangerous influences.
Is it that the unchecked license allowed to
all forms of faith and lhe huge, unlimited free
dom to invent and propagate theories of belief,
give rise to all this licentiotisners of the imagi
nation ? Is it that our people, being under no
restraint in multiplying themselves into innu
merable -eels, leads to a prurient ambition in
men with heated tancies and unregulated judg
ments, to be< oute leaders of new :ects: ar.d par
ties? If itch be the solution of this pheltome-.... _
non, it :that there is do social or moral
good w ItfomtMls < .'tinterbalaiiciiig evil. YY'e
wwtil.l l.e . i>.ot>” the last to limit the freedom of
religio. s |.. |ief or impo-c cheekseven on that
spirit :.l ii ”i i e<! ambition that converts lit
eity ot tl.ot ;ju into licentiousness of st eech t.nd
action. Bul it is worthy of the meditations ol
reflecting men, how this tendency to change lib- !
erty into its opposite, may be restrained, not by’
legal checks but moral control—in what manner
and by what discipline of the reason our people
may be prevented from becoming more and
more influenced in their daily conduct by <
and fanatics, to the neglect ot'their social duties
and domestic obligations.
There is an alarming spread of fanaticism in
our country. It assumes all imaginable forms,
with a rapidity that shows the distempered ac
tivity and ready resources ofthe numerous asjii
rants to the honors of leadership. It appears as
if we had reached a crisis in the infancy of our
national existence, that indicates the presence of
corrupt action and fantastic belief, the one the
fruit of old age in nations, the otherthe offspring
of a morbid manhood.
A curious state ot things is presented, when
we see foreign capitalists taking loans in Eng
land.at f rom 2 to 3 per cent per annum, and re
fusing to take the loan of the United States at 6
per cent. The actual position of this country
must be s.gdly n;isugderstood abroad. Wheat
we reinember the resources ofthe United States,
and the comparative insignificance of our na
tional debt, as compared with that of Great
Britain, it is indeed puzzling to understand how
leading and well-informed capitalists will part
with their inottey freely at from 2j to 3 per ct.
per annum, on British stocks and similar secu
rities, while they refuse to invest a few millions
issued on the faith and ability of the Uftifefl
Stales. —That they are wrong tn their estimate,
is quite apjtarent from the fact that the very loan
alluded to, is considerably above par at home,
at the present time. It must be, however, that
repudiation on the part of one or two of our
States, has discredited the whole nation in the
eyes of foreigners; and thus the entire Ameri
can people may be said to be suffering by the
disreputable course of Mississippi.- Phi'l. In
quirer.
“Li t v Long.”—The popularity ot this piece
of musical composition is not tierogatory to the
public taste. The air was composed by lhe cel
ebrated Bellini, and occurs in “11 Purilani.”
The above paragraph, says the Boston Times,
is going the t ounds of our contemporaries. It
is erroneous; the air referred to being the pro
duction ol Curvyshinni, the composer ol “fl
Niggerrati.”