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/ // 1/7 y / \ I cl A V B .. OCA I OURPR,CE ONLY $3.99 w WHAT SON THf TUBf «■ BEHIND THf SCIMS ' T f ‘ ' *•” " '' Weefcl r Oiwindlr Y .Snitoiti.- S WaP . OLD SERIES, VOL. LVII. THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL | la PUBLISHED DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY, AND WEEKLY, BY J. W. & W. S. JONT.S. The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel IR PUBLISHED AT Three Dollars per annum —or one subset!!* r l«o years, or two subscribers, one year f«i •’>■ Tri Weekly paper, at Five Dollars per annum. Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum. Cash System—ln po case will *'> ‘ ,rdpr 101 ' ,1,e paper be attended to, unless accompanied with the money, and in every instance when the tifie for which any sutecriptfon .nay be paid, exptjes before the receipt of funds to renew the subse.ip tiou, the paper will be discontinued. Depreet tfcwi money received st its value in ll » ;, | e&rmiicU aniJ Sentinel. A U« VST A . FRIDAY MORNING, MARCH 24. jj- No Moil North of Charleston last Aeh'iig. The Spirit of the Times. This spiiited and racy journal of spurring m <ctHsrn>««r upon- it- thirteenth tijp utne, under the management ot its indefatigable and able editor, Wii.i.iam T. Porter, under whose control it has acquired so much, and such deserved reputation. The proprietors greet their patrons, on the appearance ofthis new vol ume, with an embellishment, the portrait of Col. Wh.i.iam R. Johnson, ot Virginia, which is unsurpassed by any magazine embellishment that has met our observation. Potato Coflee. Since the publication, a few days since, ol a recipe for making Coffee ot Potatoes, we have, through the kindness of a Lady ol this city, to whom our acknowledgements are due, had an opportunity to test its merits : and, in recom mending it to others, we beg leave to say, that it tarsurpasses our most sanguine anticipations, and approximates nearer in taste and flavor the genuine article, than any substitute we have ev er seen used. Indeed, we think it quite proba ble, that most persons would not discover the difference, or suspect its genuineness, although they may detect a peculiarity of flavor. Prom the Ballbnore American. Photogenic Drawing —lmprovements in the Daguerreotype. An English gentleman, Henry Fox Talbot, Esq., a Fellow of the Royal Society, distinguish ed as a mathematician and natural philosopher, has made some important improvements in the art of photogenic drawing. It appears that his attention was devoted to the subject before any thing was known ot Daguerre’sdiscoveries. In January', 1839, some months before the disclo sure of the inventions and methods of the French philosopher, a paper was read by Mr. Talbot to the Royal Society, entitled, “Some account of the art of Photogenic Drawing, orthe process by which natural objects may be made to de lineate themselves without the aid of the artist’s pencil.” The Edinburgh Review, in giving this statement, says:—“We mention this fact, not for the purpose of claiming for our country man any priority in reference to Daguerre, but merely lo show that his labors, whatever analo gy there maybe between them, weie wholly in dependent of those of the French Philosopher." * The EtigTMi' ItfllUlftf IRSBB U Ins object to * ‘obtain a paper that should be in a high degree sensitive to light, repealed experiments he has discovered a method of making a sur face so sensitive that with a camera, whose lens is one inch in diameter, and focal length fifteen inches, a picture of eight or nine inches square may be taken in ten seconds. The inventor has given this new mode the name of Calotype, and he has secured his invention by a patent. The following description of the process will be read with interest: In order to obtain a negative picture, (thefirst and by far the most important part of the pro cess,) or one in which the lights are dark and the snades light, take paper with a smooth sur face and close texture; mark one side of it with a pencil cross, and by a camel’s hair brush wash the marked side with a solution of 109 grains of nilrale of silver in six ounces of distilled water. After having been cautiously dried, it is immer sed for a few minutes in a solution of iodine of potassium, consisting of 500 grains in one pint of distilled water. The paper when taken out is dipped in water, and dried by' blotting paper and heat gently applied g, or it may be dried spon taneously after it comes from the blotting-paper. This operation is carried on in caudle light, and the paper thus prepared is called iodized paper. Il is insensible to light, and will keep for any length of time without spoiling. When this paper is required for use, a sheet is washed witli a camel’s hair brush on the one side, with the following solution: To a solution of 190 grains of nitrate of silver, in two ounces of distilled water, add one-third of its volume ol strong aceto acid; then dissolve a small quanti ty of crystalized gallic acid in distilled water, aud mix the two solutions together in equal pro portions ; but in no greater quantity' than is re quired for immediate use, for it will not keep long. This mixture is called gallo-iiitrate if silver, and is to be applied with the light of a candle; and after allowing the paper to remain halt a minute to absorb the gallonitrate of sil ver, it should be dipped in distilled water, and dried lightly first with blotting-paper, and then by means of a fire, holding the paper at a con siderabledistance from it. The paper is fit lor use when thus dried, and should lie used within a few hours. Mr. Talbot calls this paper role/ype paper, and it is now placed in the camera obscura, to receive on its surface a distinct image of the landscape or person to be drawn; no 1 ight be ing allowed to fall upon the paper till its su face is exposed to the image which it is to receive. The time of impressing the paper with an invis ible image, varies from ten seconds to several mi nutes, according to the intensity of the light. In the light of a summer sun from ten to fifty sec onds will be sufficient; but when the sun is not strong, two or three minutes in summer is ne cessary. When the paper is removed from the camera, in candle light of course, there is generally noth ing visible upon its Stu fi.ee; but by washing it ail over by a camel s hairbrush, with the i/oll.i --nilrale of silver, and liol.iing it before a gentle fire, the picture will soon begin to appear, and the most luminous parts of the real object will, in its picture, be brown or black, while the oth er pat t-s remain white. When the pietuie is sufficiently distinct, it must then be fixed, so that it will net be further acted upon by the strongest light. For this purpose, it must be first dipped in waler, then partly dried by blotting-paper, and afterwards washed with a solution ot brom ide of potassium, consisting of 100 grains ot this salt, dissolved in eight or ten ounces of water; or in place of this, it may be dipped in a strong solution of common salt. The picture is now fixed, and must be finally washed with waler, and dried as before by blotting-paper. When a negative picture has thus been ob tained, many positive ones may be taken from it in the following manner: Take a sheet of good jiaper, and having dipped it for a minute ur so in a solution of common salt consisting of one part of a .satuied solution to eight parts ol water, dry it first in blotting paper, and then spontaneously. Wash one of its sides (having previously marked that side) with a solution of nitrate of silver, consisiing of eighty grains of that salt dissolved in one ounce of distilled wa ter. Allow this to dry, and then place the paper with its marked side upward upon a flat surface. Above it place the negative picture, aud having put a plate ot glass above, then press them to gether by screws or otherwise, anil expose them to the light of the sun. In ten or fifteen minutes of bright sunshine, or m several hours of com mon daylight, a positive and beautiful picture will be found on the paper beneath the negative picture, in which the lights and shadows are now corrected. This picture, atter being wash ed in water and then dried, is fixe.! by brushing it over with the solution of bromide of potassium, above mentioned, or bv dipping it in a strong solution of common salt. In the ordinary Daguerreotyjie miniatures the failure to preserve the lights and shades, so as t > give a natural expression to the image, has rendered that process altogether imperfect so far as a life-like resemblance is concerned. The new process is said to remedy all defects of this kind. and to produce likenesses perfect at once in accuracy of delineation and in naturalness ol expression. A distinguished miniature painter in Great Britain has quitted his art and de- ■ voted his whole time to the calotype process, t he portriats he has produced ate declared by the J'.WtnAurgi 7? Tietc to be infinitely superior to the finest miniatures that have ever lieen paint-, d. The skill of the artist is not without its use in giving a touch to such portions ot the picture aslhe process may leave incomplete, al though perfect pictures, it is added, are often pro duced bv the action ot light alone. Some ama teur pieces not touched by the pencil are said to exhibit all the force and beauty of the sketches of Rembrandt. In dosing its account of this new invention the Review says: “Although the calotype art hap attained, by Mr. Talbot’s labours alone, a singular degree of perfection in its ordinary results, there is yet a good deal to be done in simplifying its process; in obtaining a more perfect material than com mon writing paper for the negative pictures; in giving it additional sensitiveness to enable it to succeed with the light of gas: and in ren dering the result of the whole process more certain than it now is. The extension of the art, which al lias moment is exciting great attention throughout the continent of Europe aud also in America, will, doubtless, add to its methods and its resources; and bring it to a de gree of perfection which Mr. Talbot himself bad never contemplated, tn the meantime, it gives us great pleasure to learn, that though none ofhis ifliotographical discoveries adorn the trans actions ot the Royal Society, yet the. ami council have adjudgert io him the Rumford Medals for the last biennial period." >V. Cost Johuson’s Leflers. In this paper, will be found a portion of No. 10, being a continuation of the series of very in teresting and able letters, from the Hon. Wm. Cost Johnson, on the subject of his project o! issuing Government Stocks. When we publish ed the last letter, we accompanied it with some remarks, in which, we expressed the opinion, founded on the fact of his being the Chairman of the Special Committee of Congress to report en the question, that the correspondence would be discontinued, and Mr. Johnson would embo dy his views in bis report, as Chairman ofthe Special Committee. In this, however, itseems we were mistaken. Should he continue them, we shall lay them before our readers as soon as they' reach us. Second Garth quake in the West Indies. The Charleston Courier of yesterday says:— We leain from Capt. Smith, ofthe schr Francis Cannaday, arrived yesterday, that a second shock of au earthquake was experienced at the north part ot Guadaloupe, on the3d inst. At the time, a captain of a vessel off the North Point of the Island, stated that it shook his vessel with such severity, that it was with difficulty the crew could keep on their feet. A dense cloud of smoke ascended from the vicinity of Bassaterre, and serious tears were entertained for the safely' ot that place. It was quite sickly at Point Pe tre, from the offensiveness ol the ruins of the town. Thecomet, recently seen at this place, was seen at St. Thomas on the* 2d ot the present month, it was so brilliant as to cause conside rable alarm among the in habitants. A shock of an earthquake was also felt at St. Thomas on the sth inst., about half past 9 o’clock at night. No material damage done. 31,-Thc Washington correspondent ofthe N. York Commercial Advertiser says: It is pleasant lo see the Madisonian an I the Intelligencer agreeing on one point ot political speculation, and that, too, not an unimportant one. The latter paper came out a day or two ago with an able vindication of the late Con gress, and the (ormer organ, in its next issue, ad mits the truth of the conclusions to which the In telligencer has come and at the same time attii tion ofthai Congress. Whichever department the jpveinment, whether the Legislative or 'he ExeeUnve.'ntrycrVes «nMliii-iril,of.une thing we may be well assured; few Congresses have done more and better for the country, take it by-and-large, than that which has just gone out of place. W ith all their political bickerings and parlizan mistakes, this meed at least cannot be denied them. Their deservings, in this regard, may be shown by an exposition of what they have done in the way of desirable, reasonable anti efficient retrenchment. Apart from theii action Jon the tariff question, concerning which, in this Con nection, much in their favor may be safely said, it should be remembered that they came into place upon a pledge to reduce the expenditures ofthe Government to the lowest practicable a mount; a pledge which, demanded of them as it was by the cry ing exigencies ot the country, was freely made by them from a sense of patri otic duty, throughout the whole canvass which resulted in their election. The event has prov ed their professions sincere, amt so redounds to their credit. The public expenditures, in the third y ear of their administration, have been re duced more than one half. And in proof ol this take the follow ing statements: EXPENDITURES OFTHE GOVERNMENT THROUGH MH. VAN BURENS ADMINISTRATION. 1837537,265,037 15 1838 39,455,438 35 1839 37,614,926 15 1849 28,226,533 81 @14*2,561,915 40 This was an average, pel annum, of more than @35,500,000. Contrast this with the appropriations of the last Congress for the years 1842 and 1843, as shown in the following tabular statement: — 18-12. 1843. Civil and diplo matic, aialmis cellaneous, ex clusive ot the PostOffice Dep. @4,485,900 00 @3,608,895 60 Army appropria- tions 6,405,280 36 2,721,027 18 Navy' approj n ia- tions 6,774,405 42 6,191,162 33 Fortifications ap- propriation 278,000 (X) 521,500 00 Pensions, .Army and Navy...... 730,776 00 499,115 00 Indian Dep’ment, treaties, &e 1,300,077 47 872,110 49 Private (House) bills 37,112 01 37,142 0! Private (Senate) bills 19,303 29 19,303 29 Standing appro- priations, & int. on public debt.. 1,572,900 00 2,450,042 49 Massachusetts &. Maine, as per treaty of AVash ingjoti 300,000 00 @3l .‘k13,781 58 @17.2-31,898 4-2 The Van Bure.i a.linini-trt.tii.n came in on loud professions of retrenchment, and its expen ditures for the first two years averaged, per an num, @38,360,237 75. This administration came into power on the same professions ot economy, and its expendi tures for the first two years 'averaged, per an num, @19,412,841 50. From which statement, it appears that the lat ter proved itself more sincere in these profes sions, or was more competent to fulfil them than the former, during lhe same term ol time, by showing a difference, for its first two years, of @18,947,396 25, or, annually, @9,473,698 12j. And the same result, pro rata, will be shown on a comparison with the expenditures of the last two years of Mr. Van Buren’s administra tion. Let the country keen these facts in mind for the present. “An honest Confession Is good for the Soul.” To our shame be it spoken, almost every one of the muititudc of Banks that infest this Common wealth —institutions that, more than any thing else, have contributed to degrade the reputation, embarrass the finances, and destroy the fair prospects of Pennsylvania-—<wc tluir orign to Democratic Legislatures! With a majority of professing Democrats in both Houses, still the Banks can do as they please, obtain what extra privileges they please, conform to, or defy with impunity, just such laws as they please. 1 heir managers make it a boast that they can always buy over enough Democrats to their interest, to secure the passage of any bill which it may suit them to originate.— Spirit if the This is, beyond question, the tact. All the vast monopolies whether created bv the Nation al or State Legislature, have been eteeted by the partv which calls itself Democratic. Like the wolf in the fable, they jial'iniethe stream themselves, and then make it a ground of quar rel with the innocent, that it is polluted. They build uji and break down from trie same motives —the love ot lucre; and. we rejoice lo find that there are those amonz them who notwithstand ing all the hypocritical cant about the Bank par ty —are willing to admit that the Locofoco is the real Bank party—that they have created “al most every one ofthe n u’titud.e of Bank- --ami that they have done this, not from piiuciple, but because they were corrupted and bribed to do it. A precious set are these Loeoloccs, according I to their own accounts.— Phil: : dp!mi Fortt.n. SATURDAY MORNIMG, LARCH 25. Protection—. Mr. Greely’s Speech. The great importance of the tarift'question in this country, aud the necessity that the people should understand thoroughly a question so in timately connected with the interest of the whole people, in order to form a correct judge ment upon its merits, have induced its to lay' before our readers, in Ibis morning’s paper, the first part of the speech (the remainder will be given immediately ) of Mr. Horace Gheelv, the editor of the New York Tribune, one ofthe most zealous, and among the most able advo cates iu this country, of a Tariff of Protection, lit asking, at the bands or our readers, a calm and dispassionate perusal of this speech, we take occasion to remark, that while we are the advocates of a Tariff tin- Revenue, and believe it should bo so arranged as to discriminate in favor of articles manufactured in this country, so as to atlbrd a moderate and equitable pro tection to our infant institutions; nevertheless, we are unwilling to endoise the views of Mr. Greel v. Our object, tlerefore. in piescntinghis speech for the consideration ot' our leadeis, is to atlbru them an opponunity to hear the argu ments oLbotir .-idv - ol the. question, and they will tin), he able ilL'torm a'more eulighteiA'd opinion. This speech of Mr. G. was delivoicd in the Tabernacle in New Yuk, in a debate on “The ]>olicy of Protecting Industry by a Tariff,” in which Messrs. Greely and Blunt took- the affirmative, and Messrs. Godwin and Tilden the negative. The speeches ofthe other gentle men will doubtless be given in the “M rrhmiis' Magaziv.r," from which we have copied this; and we will endeavor, when they appear, ti» present a reply to Mr. G., and probably all to> our readers, as it will be a discussion exclusive ly upon the merits of the question, without re ference to political parties, and therefore better adapted to the elucidation of the subject than Congressional speeches. Prom the Columbus Enquirer. The Augusta Chronicle reterringto the recent advertiseuimi ofthe Cashier cftließank of Co lumbus, and also to a notice of the Cashier ot' the Ocmulgee Bank, concludes the notice :..*• follows: “Thus terminates these faithless concerns, by which the people have been defrauded out ol thousands ot dollars, and there are yet three oth ers in Macon and Columbus, which will doubt less play the same game, if they’ can only- suc ceed in ol.tjining a circulation. —Let the people recollect these institutions which liave-beeu sold, iroinhand to hand like sheep in a marketplace, and steer clear of their issues, and all will be sale. ’ We are by no means disposed, after the severe: afiir-tions which have befallen our people through the agency of their Banking inst itutions to step lorward :.;* apologists lor the Banks. Yet weuo* not perceive the justness of the wholesale million which the Chronicle has adopted, of ee ry Hani; failure as a “fraud upon the j.cople. A Bank,;.:: well asan individual, ?«ro//in'/, with out designing to do so—or it may' even tail,un der maii ’gemeut believed to be prudent am* beneficial. Neither bank officers nor any one else can see through mill-stones—and yet often times it is about as easy lo see through these opaque bodies, as toplace a proper estimate upon the honesty and soundness of men to whom the Bank.- entrust their tunds on discounts and otherwise. We doubt not in sunn iustqiices gross frrni shave been practised by the Baiiks, and we are equally well assured that in many' other cases, grosi. rascality has been practis ed upon the Banks. We know it is quite un popular, just now, to say that any body- in crea tion evei .iid un ng, unless he v.as a Bank Di rector. or Bank Officer ot some sort —in which event there is not the slightest impropriety in. s tHiiiniiiiii (ifamdr- “UictL “swindling,” or any thing else upt ti the offender.' To us it .-eenis a little uncharitable to deal in this wholesale de nuneiatiori, mil -s the accuser be well furnished wall 4 i*7..'>;i. y*TtT-"niM,Ttn“tTTn-e4rt-w«s-.- —, We would thank the Chronicle to give us a lit tle more light concerning the “three others in. Macon an t Columbus” that are about io “play the game,” (the game of fraud, of course,) upon tire people. If the Editor is in possession of in formation tending to weaken the credit of any of our Banks or Agencies, let us have it. It will be too late to do us any service,'af ter “the fraud” has been “played off ” O’ We must apologise lo our friends ofthe Enquirer, for the delay in noticing the above article, which was mislaid after it was clipped from their paper. The exercise ofthe most in dulgent charity (a very rare virtue, we admit,) mi the pail of our friends of the Enquirer, has led them not unfrequently quite astray on the subject of Banks and their management, par ticularly in Columbus; and if they have not been found on several occasions the apologists of those institutions, they have certainiy a)i proximatedso near, as to requite the nicest dis criminating power of the worthy editors to dis tinguish between—a circumstance which we have observed with regret. As to the "icliole sale deniim intion" which the editors charge up on us, we think they would be quite puzzled lo discover any evidences ol denunciation in our columns where it was unmerited. If so, we will thank them to point it out, and we pledge ourself to make the amende honorable. Will the editors of the Enquirer assume the defence of the banking institutions of Columbus, viz: the Bank of Columbus, the Rome Agency, the Planters & Mechanics, the Chattahoochee Rail Road, and the Phsenix Bank, or tl.e Ocmulgee Bam,, of Macon, and assert that there has been no fraud practised upon the people in ther man agement? or that their failures have been the result of mistaken and misguided efforts to serve the people '? If to, we shall, in common with a large pert ion ofthe people of Georgia, be pleas ed to see meh defence; for if it be successful, a load of o.iium w ill be removed from the shoul ders of sirrne men, which now hangs about their necks like an incubus. For we confess our in ability to reconcile to our notions of fair deal ing, the conduct of institutions that redeemed the bills of an agency with specie, while the bills of the principal bank were only redeemed in depreciated bills—that resumed specie pay ments and pursued for a season a legitimate banking* 1 ttsiucss. dealing in exchanges, and suddenly ■ uspended, having no exchange to re deem ‘.ho.-,* Lil!', except at a tuii.c.u:: rate ot premium. This may, however, result from the extreme dullness of our perceptions; and we hope the editors may be able to remove our doubts, and disabuse his friends and neighbors in the estimation of the public, some of whom, lire knoK, think they have been defrauded, and would peihaps be gratified to le convinced by the Enquirer of their error. The remarks of the editors about lhe popu larity or the unpopularity of this or that course, if designed to apply to us, w ere made without “consulting their host,” and come ungracefully, we third.', from lhe Enquirer. The history of our connexion with the press vindicates us most fully from being obnoxious to any such insinu ation even. The Editors ask us to give them light on the subjectofthe ’’three Banks” in Macon and Col umbus, which will doubtless, (not “ate about to”'} ’’play th.: same game.” We certainly thought we were sufficiently explicit in directing the atten tion ofthe people to thi se Banks, which ''have been sold front hand to hand liki sheep tn a market place, ” but it seems we were mistaken. We will, therefore, remove alldoubts ot the Editors, by saying w e had no allusion to the Commer cial Bank of Macon, which, we believe, has been /«;7J/aJ/t/ managed; and, if the Editors ate any thing of Yankee*, tltby can probably gm.■<. ?"cpr Channing, in one ofhis latest addresses says, with as much beauty as ti.ice, “that the grand end of society is to place within thcieach | of all its members the means of improvement of elevation, ofthe true happiness ot man. There i a higher duty than to build au alms-house f r the poor, and that is to save men trom being de graded iu the blighting influence- ot an aiin-- li< use. Man has a right to:.nnetbingmore than l*t cad to keep hi in from starvinfie has a right tu the aids and encouragements and culture, bv which ha may fulfill the destiny of a tn.'iii; .'.nd until society is brought to recognize and rever ence tins it *i ill continue to groan under its pre’- ! cat in iserivs. ’ • GA. THURSDAY MARCH '/ti. ; B'’roui Montevideo. The N. York Comme.r-ial Advertiser of the 18th inst. says—Bv the barque Adaria, arrived this morning, we have a file of the Jomal do Comcrcio, of Rio Janeiro, to the 19th of Janu ary. In glancing over the papers, at a very late hour, we find only these paragraphs, from Mon tevideo. dated December 29th. Gen. Ross >-as made no reply to the demand of the British and French Ministers, (that the war with the Oriental Republic should cease); nevertheless Gen. Oribe was still in the province of Entre Rios, and a body of 600 men which he had ordered to Salto has repassed the Uruguay; so that there was not a single Argentine soldier within the Oriental State at the last advices. Gen. Rivera was at the Rio Negro, reorgani zing his shattered forces. Gen. Paz (with the reserve) had his head quarters at Molino, near Montevideo. The Jomal says it was rumored that the com mander of the British squadron at Rio was soon to sail for Montevideo in the frigate Alfred. Captain Traub, of the Adario, says it was reported at Rio that all the Ministers of the Biazilian Emperor had n- igne.;—probably on aycouuLpf the di ofthe P:< ; -i<leril ol RiE dtSlae.'imi ’.f iiie MinMersfe-fighis ;.M --ther. Captain T. saw the comet for the first time on the sth instant, lat. 29, lon. Gl. Abetter from Point au Petre, received by a mercantile house in New Haven, eays: “The official report, upto the day of sailing, (20th Feb.) states that the number of dead bodies found, is 53-19, and they arc still digging more out of the ruins.” Alabama Money.—The Columbus Enquirer of the 22ti inst. saysßy an act of the late Congress, the Receivers at any ofthe Land Oi hcesin Alabama are authorised to receive the bills of Alabama Banks in payment for entered lands, to a limited extent —no set.ler to enter moiv than a quarter section for such tunds, and the g.'o-s amount thus to be received not to ex ceed $328,111. The operation of this measure will doubtless appreciate the Alabama money to some extent. ('on'e&j>ondence of the Uallimorc Ptitriut. Vn amongton, March 16. 1843. One of those instructive b’tencii writers who describe so vividly the stale ol society in Paris during die splendid days of the Emperor, Na poleon, gives an amusing account ot u hat the Government's notions of the liberty of the Press were at that period. The Alini.-ler told him with a flourish about freedom, and humanity, and reason, that he might publish any thing, provided he did not write against the dignity anil stability of the Government. The author was delighted; fur enemy as he was to corrup tion and oppression, he was jdncercly attached to the in- titutions ofhis coimny, and desired nothing >o much as to see them truly invigora ted mid .sttjjj (>rlcd. Lid when he applied iu the publishers v irh his mantiscripls, he found that this Hide proviso—“that lie should write noth ing against the Govcinment”—included every thing which the most arbitrary Minister could desire, and excluded practically all freedom us thought and expression. Our r ulers at Wash ingtuh aj pear to have taken a lesson from the Emp-eroi, in their practical toleration of politi cal sentiments among their subordinates. Mr. Tyler proclaimed, al the outset, that the largest liberty in tin.- respect should be allowed and maintained. But we now see that ii an officer, is not openly and avowedly favomhie io contin uing him in the station of Chief Magistrate for anoiticr term, he is immediate!) set down as an enemy' of the Administration. The President’s first address to the People concurred with the Circular issued by Mr. Webster, under the direction of Gen. Harrison, which pwidcii ihat the office holders should not interfere in electron <at all. The practical in : tei'pietation of this, however , is (hat they must not inter lerc in favor of any one—but the Pres ident and his peculiar irithds —il.cru. the utmost latitude is allowed—while not to tifke a pan in actively p.iruiing and strengthening the “Tyler party not ~i gl l k m and committees, to aid m gtiiing up meetings* to humbug the people into the idea that “the De mocracy are coming with a rush”—is held as a decided “inteiference,” and, as such, opposed to the wishes of the Government, and atlbniing just cause for removal! And while all this substantial proscription is going on, our i tilers and their newspaper organs can indulge, like the Minister above mentioned, in flourishes about freedom, toleration, non-in terference, &c. &c. The rumors 1 gave you yesterday about con templated changes in the Baltimore Custom House aie not cunftrniEt! to-day: but neither are they disproved, if they were started by some one whose vis'i was father to the thought, it would not be the tit t instance of such a con trivance lobring about <uch an mrangement desired by persons in high station. If a partic ular fuctiunary wishes a son-in-law as Lis Chief Clerk, either for Lis own convenience or the sake of the salary, he might throw out c<-)- tain on tills as ft . /• />.; and the echo of them by the press will familiarize the subject, and af foida graceful opportunity for introducing it to the President, o Hie members of the Cabinet; and in some that is all that is needed in order to accomplish the object. Among those whose disinterested friendship for the existing Administration have been re warded by moneyed offices, i- Albeit Smith, well known in the Twenty Sixth Congress, as the '•f it boif' from Maine. This comlortable personage is Commissioner under the ■Wash ington Treaty, with a large .salary. His pecu liar merits aiid services (in the view of those now at the head of a (fairs) may be inferred from the fact that he was one of the rankest Loco Focos in the House ot Representatives, and did al! that his inconsiderable abilities could in unscrupulous opposition to the party who elect ed Air. Tyler to the Presidency. There was not a more reckless calumniator of the Whig?; during the contest of 1840; and their candidate fur Vice President, as well as President, came in lot a plentiful share of the abase which he showered around. Now, however, it is st. John Tyler,” and “democratic John Tyler,” and “patriotic John Tyler,’’w ith our pure-mind ed, di-interested, vnpiirchasuible “lat huy”! Such, are the worthies upon whom the honors and the lucre in the gift of the Administration are con ferred. Men who, for a bribe, can change in a moment from malignant assailants io the most pro* irate flatterers. They remind its of the an cient poet who, whun celebrating a mule race, sneered at the animals that belonged lo a person against whom he had a grudge, as but when a pri e was given tor another poem, hailed (hem as “daughtersof steeds fleet as the storm!” A Looker On. From !he Irittlligf-H er. Decisiui of the < L cuit Court in the case of the Suinet s. On t‘ie "“.-nhifi ol' the United States Uir. uit t ciui at?'.“A ' ■ ■l.o’.i Munday iiu-'.hing, J:\dj-. Betts delivered his Opinion instructing tiie Grand Jury that they had no authority to inquire into the homicide alleged to have been commit ted on board the. United States Brig Somers dur ing her last cruise. The Opinion is represent ed as being a very able and learned one, cover ing the whole ground, and embracing every point that had been raised by Counsel in the course of lhe argument before the Court. In conclusion,Judge Belts instructed the Grand J ury, in substance, as follows: The Court, he said, could not direct the jury. It could but pronounce its opinion: and the jury could afterwards act according to its own sound discretion. * The first question addressed to the Court was, had the jury authoritv to inquire into crimes committed on the high seas on board United States ships of war ? The second question was, if so, had the grand jury authority to inquire into the complaints al leged against the officers ofthe Somers? This involved the question w hether the jury had also authority to inquire into lhe mutiny or lhe attempt at mutiny on board the Somers. To the first question he replied, the Court has authoritv over crimes commit ed on the high seas on board United Slates ships of war other than those within lhe jurisdiction of courts-martial, that the grand jury had no authority to inquire into any alleged complaints for offences com mitted on board the Somet s. The opinion (remarks the Commercial Ad vertiser) is one tor which the Judge is entitled to the gratitude not only ofthe Navy, but of the whole country. Every period carried convic tion : and it was a grateful office to watch the countenances ofthe auditory, and observe the ev idences of increasing satisfaction utarkingal most ever} - face as the arguments ofthe learned Judge grew stronger and stronger against the light ofthe grandjtuy to interfere inthismatter. Unable to repress their feelings longer, the clot e ~f the opinion was followed by a general burst st applause. But silence ensued before the oi mets hail time lo command it. After the delivery of the opinion the Giar.n fur.’, having retired to their room and taken into cun ide-ration the complaints intheSutncrt ci: e, returned again into Court with these complaints . tidotsed, '‘Dismirscdfor want of junat’idion. ' This great and painful case; so far its the in terposition of the civil tribunals is concerned, may now, we trust, be considered as ended.' Rhode Island. K The Supreme Court of this it- ■ ittingat Nevi poitcn Tnet :i ,mSN 1 ill' inst., when the prisoners, against forireason weie pending; wcredjj fi;:Bed, they having petitioned the Governor for | :h*tfim. This termination oftheprosecttliqns ineoftend ers, making full submission to we 5- li* . be miivcisally apj At the Ward Elections, whiflHl , (gee hi l’!ii'adel| iiia • b'lir'av last,tlu^^Htetcai: led ■ *iv Waul ui the i ;■ 1-t.t ..ven Xi.nii >. u:l . ii v. ' whii-li ui. lilical i.ppoliciHs, the The /,**</.*■'/*. temaik> that ' die fr^^^Hrtht* good i*a use v. i*i e nei ei more united foefMfiiielphia weieneii I l.ml e <le v <<t«-<f to th*' IMHKpIiiH 11LS i’\- C:.av and Whig principle , pres ent period." Pknssvi.v ima. -The I cer of lhe Bth inst., slates trtH||mtkpiitous bill, districting the State tor <jl' Cbn- ■ :e: : *,, h:is at length, by the Ibrc .. pa: iy dr ill, been pushed through bo h House!’ us the Leg islature, and only needs the Cuk or’s signa ture (which it will receive) urjcjime a law. By this tall the Whigsih I".: gra- certr; in, amt three oi four doubi 171 U’Trts t Loss op the U. S. Ship Concord. —The Na tional I ntelligeneersays lhe report of the loss of the U. S. Ship Concord on the African coast, and the death of Capt. Boerum, her Command er, are unhappily confirmed so as to leave no doubt of the fact. The officers and crew, ex cept a few who perished, are on their return to the United States, in another : hip byway of Rio Janeiro. Capt. Boerum was a native ofthe State of New York; entered the naval service On the Ist of September, 1811, and of course was in ser vice during the whole of the war of 1812. His commission as Crmumaiulcr bore date on the 9th February, 1837. l.'roin the National Intelligencer. The Tyler Meeting at New York. Making all possible allowances for prejudice and ill-will to its objects, from the accounts giv en by the dilicrem juurnalsof the inqetiugol the friends of Mr. Tyler, as a candidate for the Pre sidency, so long "contemplated and advertisee lo be hclu in the city of New York on the evening of Wednesday lhe 15th inst’nt, besides; being essentially a failure, it was one ofthe most dis orderly e'. er held, inside of a hous«, even in that great Babel, shall not tiitigne our readers with a long account ol it. The most agreeable part of it appears to have been the delightful music from ;m excellent band, stalikied in lhe gallery of the cltnrch (the Tahernacli) in which the meeting was held, preceding tig organiza tion of lhe meeting; the must resp/etable part of it a sipeech by the Hon. Caleb l fishing; and least reputable part of it the small “rows” got up during the evening on ‘ individtjil responsi bility,” r.nd the larger one “got up” rl'rA* the ad journment, w hen “one or two of tie oltending patties were taken to I he wateli-housl.” Upon the whole, although the meeting atfonpl feeble in dications ofthe strength of the pary by which it was projected, it seems to have peen an up roarious but rather good-natured ipngregalion ofthe friends' of nil the cantudaledforthe Pre sidency. A series of resolutions wlrereail, and wedare-stay were considered as athfited, though it is said that, owing to the prevtknee of dis cordant s:ounds, not one person ik a hundred heard a vord of them. They weie of course friendly to the general objects of those who called the meeting, and to the claims of Presi dent Tyler to a re-election. gj-The Hon, 11. H. Wilde, lormerly a mem ber of Congress from Georgia, was on Saturday on motion of Mr. McMahon, adniitle.l as a prae titionei of the Baltimote bat The Veto Power.— With lhe vividness oi Xudnnuij-. .srvs.tlie Nariman Ir.lellfoyucer, do*, "ffie tolh-Twms’ p.*,*v... ,-T* i/b.iY wpeeeh at Memphis flash the cmindthap. to the veto power is te be iraecd the longtrain ot disaster which have cunei the Country and brought it to its present prostrate condition: — “Had there been no veto,"said Mr. Cfey, “there would have been no prevention of the charter of a National Bank, no removal of the depos ites, no Treasury circular, no muitiplication of State banks, no inflation ol paper currency, no stimulating of excessive entcr]*rises and mad speculations, no consequent expbsion, collapse, and the universal rnin which orerspreads our noble land. Such is the history of our career.” Shocking.—The Columbus Enquirer ol the 2*2d says:—“Mr. Thomas Fleming was stabbed several times in the abdornen, on Monday last, by Pattick McCarty. Mr. Fleming was alive at the time of our paper goingtopress, but his case is considered hopeless by the physicians,— McCarty is in custody. Aathtaffair willshort ly undergo judicial investigation,, we forbear further comment.” Snow.—The Dahlonega Tinies of the 22d says: -On Thursday last we hadaheavy fall ofsnow in this neighborhood which clothed the moun tains in theiraceuslonicil white robes and sirow'y caps. In Union county it is said, it fell to the depth of six inches. And before the weather hail sufficiently moderated to drive this beauti ful but unwelcome pinching visitor from our mountancous country, we were again visited with another unusually heavy fail of snow on Sunday motning which set in about 8 o’clock,A. M. and continued without the least intermission until 4. P. M. The present season is one without a parallel in the history of our eounuy. Instead of seeing our whole range of Mountains, and the fertile valleys which lie at their base, putting on their cheerful summer garments as they usually do at this season of the year, which gladdens the. heart of the husband-man, we see them clothed in all their icy mantles of December. These are truly piitching times with us. The winter has continued so long and so very severe that it has required a much greater quantity of grain fin* the subsistence of stock than is usual during a modera:e winter, such iruleed has been the ne cessary consumption of grain, that it is now' with great ciflicttlty it can be procured at any price. But this is not the only evil under which we labor from the severity ofthe winter. Many of our citizens and especially children, are now laboring under diseases of one kind or another, which we *.;..:ika nut are theeffoctsof cold. Tut: Ni.v> G.i.ut:.—After trying lor two years what cotd I I e cone with the Whig party, by git rag the.,i ionic of tamiliices of the Govern ment, and finding that the party was incorrupti ble, and could not be Tylerized, the Adminis tration commences its new game, by attempting the same scheme with the Leco Foco party, ho pingfor better success in that quarter. But the indications are unj' thing but favorable. The appointment of Mr. Porter, for instance, as Sec retary of War, is denounced by the Loco Foco papers of Pennsylvania, as abase scheme to distract and divide the Democracy of the State; but which will, nevertheless, utterly fail in its intended effect; —.-15. i. Goldin Monroe County. The Macon Geo. Messenger says:—Within a tew weeks past, two deposites of gold have been discovered in Monroe county. Both are what is termed, depositc mines, and the gold is found in small particles, in a strata of gravel. One ot them is about four miles below Forsyth, and within a quarter of a mile ofthe Rail Road on the lands of Allen W. Lee. But little has yet been done in the way ot digging, but prepara tions are now making to commence systematic operations, by which its value will be ascertain ed. From the result of examinations that have already taken place, it is believed that at least a fnir compensation will be received for the labor expended in the operations. The other mine is a little below Wilson’s bridge on the north side ofthe Towaliga, and is supposed to be the richest ofthe two —very little has j'et been done in the way of digging, the reg ular operations are about to be commenced. As we have seen a vial of the gold in the hands oi the gentleman (Mr. Stewart,) who collected it, there can be no mistake but the precious met al is to Ire found there. But the extent and rich ness of both these Mines is yet to be ascertained. Escadc of Fis«i:r and his Men.—By an ar rival since our last Irom Tampico, the news of lhe escape ot Col Fisher and his brave associ ates is fully confirmed. They rose upon their guard at night, aid after a severe struggle, in which many were killed, succeeded in securing their arm.* hn.lgtnkingtheircscape. The Mex ican author itieshad ordered out tour or five thou and troops wilt the hope of retaking them; but as there is angpen road to Texas, and the Tex ans are greater travellers than the Mexicans, there is little ijhance of such a result. We sin cerely hope that all these bra ye men ate now ale on this side tli San Antonio river —.V. O. Pic. MONDAY MORNING, MAIICH 27. Xj- Hi; Rail-rodl l.'upn ,;t .Saratoga Springs wap destroyed by fire on the 1 Ith instant, toge ther with two or three other buildings atnclied to it. Saipw-RECK.—During the storm ot' Thursday night, the Itith inst., the .reltooner Thomas, of Bristol, from Belfast for Boston, went ashotcon Nahant Beach, übe had on *#raid*«wn per sons, u 4 whom five uere lost in attempting to reach farid with their hriat. They belonged to Bristol. Their bodies had not. been recover ed. A correspopSenl ofthe Norfolk Herald, writ ing from Windsor, N. C., under date ofthe 4th instant, says:—“Ourtown has witnessed a scene of blood, unparalleled, in this part of the coun try. Yesterday, flie Militia Company assem bled at the usual hour, and dining the parade, s. Mr. Weston was shot dead by one Win. Chegt um, of Tennessee. Mr. Weston had, in a joc ular mtoiner, knocked the hat from the head of Cheatnm, who instantly drew a pistol and shot him, while another gentleman was leaning up on his shoulder. Those present were so com jtletely liljed with consternation that they per mitted lim/tiujderer to escape, anil he has not 'VU-Dteir taken. - s. , A Mn. Ci/av.—By au adtertisement in a late "Leti inglun ( Ky.) Intelligencer,’’ we observe that Mr. Clay has resumed the practice of Law in connexion with his son James B. Clay. Good Fees.—The Judge Advocate’s fees, in the trial ofCotnnianiler Mackenzie, are as fol lows:—Ten dollars jier diem, and ten dollars- for every fifteen pages ol recofiY one hundred and fifty words making* a page. LATEST I'liOM ENGLAND. ARR,VAI^^fe CF,H£ COLUMBIA. Three Weeks Later from Kurojie The Columbia arrived at Boston on Monday the 19th instant, making her passage Irom Liv erpool in fifteen days and a half. She has ex perienced very good winter weather. She brought ntty-lbur passengers front Liverpool, nine of them Irom Halifax. Among the passengers are Sir Charles Met calfe, Governor General ot the British Provin ces in North America and his'suite. Sir Charles is lo assume lhe Government nt once, and to succeed Sir Charles Bagot, who, it is understood, returns to England as soon as his health, u hich is vety precarious will admit. Capt. Spencer, late in command of the U. States ship Columbia in the Mediterranean, and brother of the. Secretaty of the Treasury, is al so a passenger. We leant by this arrival that the cotton niar ket Is still dull, audit is even tea red that the lowest jtbint has not yet been reached, ami there appears to be no improvement in the manufac turing districts. The corn market is also hea vy, with but lew transactions and declining pri ces. Money is'abunilant: great sums are lying comparatively idle, there being no encourage ment to embark in mercantile or other sjrecula tions. The steamship Caledonia arrived at Liver pool on the morningot the 17th, after a passage of thirteen days, having encountered a succes sion of easterly winds. The easterly winds, which have prevailed nearly a month, have prevented the arrival of a large number ot vessels from foreign ports. Amongst the vessels now due, are eighty-five from America, laden with cotton, the united car goes of which cannot be much les than 140,900 bales. Money is abundant; immense sums of it are lying comparatively idle, and, tor anything like good security, it may be obtained to any extent, at a low rate of interest. , I'l.qsioniMy overlatfo njaij foom India ami The creditors who have advanced their mon ey to the repudiating States of this Union have addressed a strong memorial on the subject to Mr. Everett, the American Minister in London, with a request that it may be forwarded to the President’ for presentation to Congress and to the different State Legislatures. The memo rial advances every possible argument for the maintenance of the credit of the States, and shows, truly enough, the almost irretrievable in jury which American credit has sustained in Europe through the dishonesty of the States which have repudiated. It has received a great number of signatures. The most striking pas sage relates to the straitened pecuniary circum stances ofthe majority of the sufferers, which we subjoin. Every true American, every hon est ano right-hearted man, must desire to see so foul a stain wiped from the escutcheon of his country. The fact that in the money markets of Europe American credit is lower than that of any other Government ought to stimulate every true citizen to endeavor to restore the national character to its former elevated position. The following is an extract from the memorial. “An impression, we understand, prevails very generally amongst your people, that their creditors in this country are, in a great measure, men of large fortunes, io whom a lailure in their ecurities can occasion but little inconvenience. Even if such were the case, it would, in our view ofthe matter, furnish no ground for any departure from the ordinary obligations of good faith: In tact, however, though there may be a tew amongst us in more affluent circumstan ces, yet by tar the larger portion of its ate j.er sons in the middle rank of life—officers on half pay—superannuated clerks—retired tradesmen living on small means—aged spinsters, willows, and orphans, many of whom have invested their all in the purchase of your securities, at high prices, ami now depend for their subsistence, some even lor their daily bread, on the good faith of your people.” The hurricane on the 13th ult. wastei rilily des tructive to lite anil property—indeed, in this re spect, without a parallel in the history ofthe mercantile marine ofGreat Britain, ft has al ready been ascertained that 189 vessels and 43(1 lives were lost outing that dreadful storm asap pers by the following table: Total vessels. Total lives. England ami Wale: .... 154199 Irck.ndslo-1 Scotlandl73o Coast of France 5 100 180 430 In tl,e House ol Commons, on the 24th ulti mo, a member having alluded to a speech dc liv 'tedii the United States Senate on the Ore gon qne trait, which he characterized as “a zross ins iii to the jieople of England," and ex pressed 1..- apprehension that a collision would arise between England aud the United States re specting the Oregon Territory— “ Sir Robert Peel hoped the honorable mem ber would not infer the dispositions of the entire American People from the observations of one person, or even from the bill which one member might lay upon the table. The honorable gen tleman had told them ofthe speech that had been delivered, and had designated it as a gross in sult to the British nation. Now he hoped the honorable gentleman’s speech would not be quoted in the same way; even if it did, he could assure the honorable member I hat it would no cause the American tunds to fall. [A laugh.) .“He apprehended, with all-due respect for the American Senate, that the diplomatic arrange ments of the two countries Were conducted by their respective Governments, and not by what individual members ot the Senate might say. [Hear, hear.) With regard to the Oregon Ter ritory, he would merely state that communica tions of a friendly nature hail been going on be tween the two Governments, and he hoped the honorable gentleman would not therefore be 100 much alarmed or excited by/he remarks o\ an individual member, as those friendly relations were still going on. For that reason, also, he hoped the honorable member would not impute any disrespect to him if he declined to enter in to these negotiations. [Hear, hear.]” In lhe House of Commons on the 3d instant, Sir Robert Peel said he had no objection to lay before the House copies of, or extracts from, communications between Lord A shburton, the Secretary ot State for the Colonies, and Mr. Webster, in reference to the treaty .signed at Washington on the 9th ot August, 184'2. The London papers contain a procl imation forbidding, under severe penalties, any visits of British subjects, for the purposes ol trade, to any other ports in China than Canton, Aulov, Foo-chaw-foo, Ningpo, and Chinghae. A letter trom Brest states that tire line steam frigates which are intended for the transat’antic navigation between France and the United Slates are ready for sea, and will commence service in the spring. News had been received irom Sir J. Ro- , who had penetrated the Antarctic Circle to 71 Hi. He has surveyed the coast discovered by him along its west boundary, and has proceeded o do the same along lhe western line. Lord Seaton (formerly Sir John Colbome) /Aouih 3o , Wf3 has been gazetted Lord i ligh Commissioner oi the lonian Islands. It is currently reported, in the leading politi cal dubs, that Sir James Graham is likely to te selected to jiteccectl Lonl Ellenborough as Gov ernor GenerM of India. s A letter trom Home states that, on the Sth pl timo, the Tilier had oveidowedits banks, and in vaded a third part ofthe city. J'.The trialsofthe Chartists, among whom is ■Feargus O’Conner, are proceeding at Lancas ter. It is reported in London papers that tire mis sion of Mr. Ellice to the Brazils is likely to be of no beneficial result. The Brazilians refuse to enter into a negotiation with the English ex cept upon terms so decidedly disadvantageous to Great Britain that it would be impolitic lo accept them. France. The quarrel between the Guizot Ministry and the Opposition is carried on with vigor, but it is thought that M. Guizot’s party is firmly estab lished and it is known to enjoy the favor of the King. It is announced in the Paris papers that the Kfog will proceed to the Invalides on May sth, the anniversary of the death of the Emperor Nap'ileon, to lay the first stone ofthe tomb des tined to receive his mortal remains. Spain. Iu this country all actual disturbances have been quelled, but the country is still in an un quiet state, particularly m the province ofCala lonia. The Spanish Goyernmcnthad been oblig ed, to withdraw their charges against the French VOll-411 a' Barcelona, of unwarrantable »’«i:e curing the late irtrafflcs there. .®nl a great deal of dissatisfaction \t*ss*fe.tpresscd in coffee quence. Portugal. Some differences have arisen in the British negotiations with this country, and all hopes of arranging a commercial treaty with them are neatly given up. There have been some seri ous disturbances at Oporto, the people refusing to pay the heavy taxes which were demanded. Turkey and Persia. The strong city ol Werbeiaeh, in Persia, lias been captured, taken by storm by lhe Turkish forces, under the command of Nezib Pacha, af ter an obstinate and desperate resistance. This event is calculated to produce a religious war bet ween Persia and the Porte. Athens, March 24. Mori: Snow.—On Sunday last snow tell in this place the greater part of the day, and before it all had disappeared, on Tuesday, we had ano ther visitation. Thermometer for several days at about 20 deg. above zero. We venture the assertion that our oldest citizen never saw such weather so late in the season. “Winter lingers in the lap < f spring,” in good earnest, though we hope its reign is now near its close.—Ban ner. ' Macon, March 23. The Season.—Strange as it may seem to those who look upon Georgia as almost a tropic al climate, we are now experiencing a season nearly equal to winter wealheroflatitude 42. For three or lour days past, more or less snow has fallen. Last week the ground was frozen hard tor several days.—On Tuesday evening the 21st, snow fell rapidly for about four hours and much remained on the ground and the roofs ot buildings &c.yesterday morning. A lew miles north ol this the fall of snow no doubt was very heavy. Vegetation of every kind has still the appearance of mid n inter, and the season is at least a month behind that of last year. The fruit ofthe peach is probably destroyed, as that tree lias been endeavoring to bloom for near a month past. But little corn is planted, and that has probably rotted in the ground in consequence of tl e protracted cold and rains. Even yet, the weather has not become settled, and changes al most hourly from sunshine and warmth to cold, rain, sleet, snow, and every thing known in the way of weather that is disagreeable. The plant ing interest is beginning to sutler materially by the lateness of the season.— Messenger. Latest from Yucatan.—By the schooner Columbia, Capt. Repaille, arrived yesterday I roin Lerma, we have dates from that place to the 10th insl. The intelligence brought is that the Mexicans are concentrating their forces at Lerma, and have already 2000 men at that point. They are only waiting the arrival ofthe Guadaloupe from Vera Uruz with additional reinforcements, when they will march upon the Campeachanos. The Mexicans qre still in possession of thq heights (yirerowra'tXaix.nwdjQampea.chy, and are dtOt'inOatty ThrrtwXig shells it.;; regular engagement, however, has talcen plaTlU since our last advices.— Pic. Steamboat Fxplosion. An Extra from the Pittsburgh Sun, under date of the 17th instant. 2 P. M., contains the following: This afternoon, about 1 o’clock, just as the steamboat Cutter was leaving our wharf, the rush of passengers to the larboard side, caused her to list to that side till the guard was under waler. While in this position, the flue of her starboard boiler collapsed. The second Engi neer, who was shipping the starboanl wheel, was killed instantly. His rrameis Andrew Mc- Lellan. The first Engineer, Joseph Hughes, was so severely scalded that be died shortly af ter. They were bothfrom Cincinnati. Five ol the firemen were blown overboard, three of whom were picked uj>, and the others were drowned. One was a negro trom Cincin nati, tne other a Frenchman, called Jo Isem. Seven or eight emigrant passengers on the lower decK were scalded severely, but not dan gerously. A large number of deck passengers were blown overboard and drowned, supposed to l:e let; or twelve; the names are not known. I'he Cutter is one of the new line of boats running between this city and Cincinnati, and was owned in the latter city. She was com manded by Capt. Collins. This is the first accident of lhe kind that ever happened in this city. John Tyler ami his Officers. The Macon Messenger says:—We observe from the Savannah Repvbliian, that an Agent of the President, is now in that City, fully com missioned to make such alterations in the public offices as policy may dictate. This is but carry ing out the system openly avowed, andunblusn irrgly published by Mr. Cushing in the House of Representatives. Executive favor was pub licly offered by. him in exchange tor personal t evolion. A tew of the favored bids were ac cepted, and the most lucrative posts disposed of, The balance, those of minor consideration, are to be farmed out by attorneyship, and no doubt, every city, town and village will be visited, and a scrutiny instituted. There never was a pe riod when fence men mot e abounded than at pre sent. When Mr. Tylers agent has got through his business in Savannah Jet him come in the up country; he will find no lack ol bidders here —it is tnv the sop he has to offer, is poor and meagre, but the smallest favors are now-a-days thankfully received. Freemen can be bought at a small price, and servitude can Le purchased at a cost barely sufficient to pay fora badge; but the mischiei is, these hirelings have nothing lo bril with them : the principle they recognize is, that “lhe laborer is worthy of his hire,” ami they bargain for nothing more certain; influence, rcsjrectability, weight. «ic. at e contingent, but not enumerated in the bond, they are rather con siderations in prospective than in presenli. The truth is, that Mr. Tyler can buy j ust so raanj' adherents (and no more) as he has offices and favors to dispense, and the charactei and worth ofhis bargains will depend upon the prices he gives for them. Should the Agent in Savannah extend his vis it in this direction, we should be pleased to see him. We could and would give him somedis interested information. From our limited ob servation, we eonld designate a number of par-' turient sonisot no fixed principles ot any kind, who are in a state of dissatisfied hetweenity, from a conviction that their merit.-, are unappreciated, and their claims slighte I. They are so let, and their services ean be obtained at a small con sideration, either lor cash, or even promises, for so hard are the times, that even Iwpc will buy them, sole and body. But the Agent must be apprised of one fact, that they arc tin* hire, only for the term of hrn years; they are willing to wear Mr. Tyler’s lively for that term of sei vice/ which will be as long as lie has the command ot the purse strings, alter that they are Calhmm men. It is something remarkable, that all lhe Tyler men you see hereabouts, are CoZ/unut men iu reserve. They are for Tyler from consider ations of expediency, but Calhoun men from principle—ready at the proper time to exchange “a Rowland for an Oliver.” Gen. Micheltorena, of the Mexican army, when he first heard of the taking ot Monterey, by Com. Jones, thus wrote to the Mexican Minister of War:—“Your Excellency may im agine my indignation. I wished mv-elf a thun derbolt ! to fly and annihilate the invader-.!!" Trialof Mercer.—A bill has been found against Mercer for the murder ol Hcberton, by the Grand Jury ofGlouce- te. county, New Jer : ey. The trial i . fixed to commence on Tuesday afternoon, 28th inst. when Jn ige Elmer will Le aj-isted by JudgeNoiri-. M:. Mercer, on l eitig arraigned, plead not guilty, lie is iu good spirits, bnt r:].pi a:e l pale on I eirrn bro'i. ,T bt into Court. I Ur<01724 I iTfVIIVIY 11Y U, ATIZiIYAyKJ AO. *j3*Mr. Ct suing, having visited Newbuty port and surveyed the ground, announces that lie will npt lea eandi late for Congtess. 1 his determination. * Naval Court The tc.-timotiy in the case ofXJom, Macken zie was yfosed ou Tuesday the 21st. On Wed nesday, fits defence was read by Mr. Griffin, one of fits‘ counsel. Il is thus noticed in the New York .Mperican of Wednesday afternoon: We have just returned from the Naval Court Martial; Commander Mackenzie s defence, which was read by Mr. Griffin, having occu pied nearly K*’o hours in the delivery. The Chapel was full, a large number of ladies being present. Os the defence itself, we do riot pur pose to say aught to-day, lailbw than that it was a most triumphant vindication of Com mander Mackenzie. 'l'he whole facts of this case were recapitula ted with clearness and great ability, and the summing up ofthe evidence against Cromwell,' was exceedingly powerful. I'he confessions of Sjiencer and Small were dwelt upon strongly; and the striking fact that though SjienceT and Cromwell met at the gangway as they were led to the halter, not a woril passed between them— although previously Sjiencer had protested that Cromwell was innocent —was,cited as proof conclusive ofthe latter’s guilt. Alter the reading ofthe defence was finished, Ure Court wasjcleared te deliberate qs to jts re ception. Boston Tylerism. The N. York Courier & Enquirer says:—The new Tyler paper at Boston, the A'merican, is an exceedingly pathetic sheet. We don’t know when or where we have seen one more so. One of the late numbers of i holds the following lan guage on the subject of our present beloved President and the members ofhis most interest ing* family: “Our President has been charged with false hood, publicly and privately, in this city, and in vain have we wailed, for two years, toseetho.se in office under him come forward in his defence. Even his amiable and talented chi hi ten have been abused, vilified and slandered; but no oilice hol der, not one of those who arc rioting here upon the fat of the land, receiving thousands arid thou sands per annum, through the kindness of the honest Virginian John Tyler, and his gifted and guileless children, has had the honesty or the gratitude to come forward, and say to the merci less slanderers, it is not so. John Tyler is an honest man—his children are not less so.” With the help ofan onion or two a man of or dinary' sensibilities might shed teats over this pathos. The idea of the charity dispensed lo the citizens of Boston “through the kindness of him and his gilled and guileless children,” is, as one of our contemporaries feelingly remarks ex ceedingly touching. The benevolence of some ofthosc “guileless” children has been less lucky in this city—in some instances. One at least of the “sons of a worthy mother” has been refused an office, even after he had been assured ofitby one of the “gifted” children ofthe President, who is said lo hive become intimately acquainted with the merits ol the young man’s family. Tj'The specie on board the Columbia at Bos ton is about .£300,000, or a million and a half of dollars. Late and Important from Hayti.—The Fairfield, Capt. Smith, arrived last night in thir teen day's from Port au Prince, Capt. S. has given important intelligence of the revolution in Hayti. It appears that it was moving ahead with great rapidity and the whole island is ere this com pletely under the government ofthe patriots. The patriot army were within twenty miles ot Port au Prince, and that place has been strongly fortified to resist them. Aux Cayes has fallen into their hands, and this gives lo them the entire south ol the Island. There wassomehard fight ing in taking that town. After this capture, the patriot army' marched to Leogone, where their force amounted to 15,- (XX) men. Their next move was tor Port au Prince where President Boyer hadbut -KXXlinen umler hjs ccyninand. He was detenu med to re- Lor. All valuables had beenshipped, and every arrangement made for flight. There did not ex ist a doubt but that the city would fall into the hands ofthe patriots, and be given up to pillage. They were determined to drive Boyer out ofthe island. This, of course, caused great stagnation in business-indeed, it was completely prostrated. The principal demands of the Haytiens are a revision of the Constitution; for lhe one in force since 1816, provided that it should be revis ed in nine years, which Boyer has resisted—that the President shall henceforth be elected for five or seven years, and not for life—that the enor mous standing army shaft.be dismissed the coun try not being able to support the expense—and that Boyer shall be made to give a strict account ofthe finances, and refund what lie has sentout of die country on his private account. The United States brig Bainbridge, Capt. Johnson was at Port au Prince, and would re main till the disturbances were over.— N. Y. Herald. The Baltimore Patriot says:—From all di rections we [tear of the immense dejith of the snow. A gentleman who arrived from Portland on Saturday trom Gorham, reported that the snow was ten feet deep in the vicinity of that place ; great apprehensions are entertained for mills, &<■., on the advance of Spring. Not Bad.—A Lowell printer requests one of the Millerite preachers to “call and settle” lorthe printing ofsome second advent hymns before he goes up. He says, “We can go before a mag istrate and swear that we believe he intends to leave the State.” The Comet—Dr. Gardner. Owing the lateness of the hour and our want of room, says the Picayun:', we shall be obliged to confine this notice ofhis interesting lecture merely to the remarks made in relation to the present comet. 'He said that it might jiossibly be the body seen by LOgier last autumn, but it would take much observation to jirovc it to be such. That it is neither Encke’s, Biela’sor Hal ley’s nor the comet seen in 1610 he appears quite certain. It is in fact a new comet —that is, new so far as all relations of astronomical observa tions in the memory of mankind at the present day are concerned. In brilliancyjaudmagnitude it is not equal to the comet of 1811, although it may be placed in such a position as not to ena bfous to determine now either its size or constit uency of light. The solar system is tilled with nearly seven millions of nebulous bodies, popu larly known as comets; but the great French iLstronomer, Arago, made a calculation that a sporting character might bet @2Bl,9tX),o(X)toonc solitary dollar, that this planet never would be destroyed by a comet. The lecturer full;,' prov ed that it was neither a lunar rainbow nor a ■zodiacal light, and in concluding bis remarks promised to continue the subject when next he addressed the audience. U’The pertinacity with which Captain Ty ler stuck to" the nominations of Messrs. Wise and Cushing, reminds us of an old woman, of real spunk, up lhe country, who being examined and cross-examined in Court, until her dander ris, thus addressed the Attorn.:v, who propound ed tlie-offensivc intefrdgatory to her, “Sit* I’m a woman of a strong comprebunktion, and when I gets my compinion fixed, I’m hard to conse quize.’,—Raleigh Star. Who wants New Teeth: —The Picayune says:—A Yankee, writing from the West to his father, speaksol its great matt imonial facilities, and ends by making the following suggestion— “ Suppose you get our girls some new teeth, ■aneftsend. them .out,” Animal Magnetism.-—Our distinguished fel low-citizen Proiessor J. IL -Mitchell, is about to give to the world the result ol his experiments and observatioßS on this subject,-which have been carried forward for the last five years in an examination of over one hundred cases, ernbod-. Ting many astonishing facts, that result in es tablishing a theory showing its moral and med ical iclatiisr.s. It will he published by 'Lea & Blanchard, in a volume forextenrled circulation, which it cannot fail to command. — Phil. I . S. This work will unquestionably be a most val uable one. Some monthsrago, wehadaconver sation with Dr. M. upon animal magnetism, and he gave us, in one hour, more real information upon the subject than we have ever obtained, uom al! other sources.— lmuisrilli: Jinn .nil New Hamp: hire Election. —Returns have been received from J.s7 towns. About.s6towns remain to be heard iron'. In these 187 towns, - itthhard has 21.081 vote.-. The Whig enndi ..*.l has t2.'2|.s votes; the I lift and Abolition . -mdi,lutes s.T7: Hubbards Majority 165. His iiiijorit. last vear in the same town was 4 939: r ml the Whig vote 11,107- 92 Whig, ill Radical and 13 Hill Rejue-ct tatives, have been elce'cri.— Garr. <[• Huq. Late from Texas. By yeste:<!a, ’s Western mail, we recoin'd a regular file ofthe Galveston "Times” to the lain mst., per Steamer Neptune, at N. Orleans, front which we clipthe following, being the only items of news of any interest. Indian Commission.—Fium a letter written by a gentleman attached to Hie Indian commis sion dated Boska Trading House 23ih F»h 1843, wc gather the following ite^‘ J ’2u*: jjencc? k “We are here, at the junction of the Boska and Brazos, in the midst ol a snow storm oi the heaviest, son, every thing covered— and freez ing; a bleak wind from the north-east, and our horses likely to suffer more trom starvation than cold.” “We found here some 30 Delawares and a few Shawnees. The traders’ house a good store, and has many excellent and very cheap goods, but they will be compelled togolifehw up the nation. 5 e terdaj' the runners trom the Comanchas and (‘addoes came in, and report the Kechies, Wacoesand some small tribes will be at the Tewaconv Creek, 15 miles from here, 6n ihc other side ofthe Brazos ia fit teen days. We lake a buffalo hunt to-morrow and in a few days shall start over to prepare for the reception ofthe Tribes.” “At present our company consists of thirteen ’ but as six will leave to-day, we shall lie reduced to a small squad—aud two ol us ooys. We have not over three days supplies of cirilee sugar and bacon, so that cold water and fresh* foes, must hereafter tie our deixtudence. Ido not think it possible to get the Comanche* in Ui tteat sooner thana monthoraix weeks, but there is every probulnllr,'^—indeed it i*. a linos', ce.-iaffi —the,’ « 'll ferittrer Shaw, the Delaware <)M« is now with them, and the runner from him wlu< got in yesterday reports favorably.’ “I hope you have better weather below than we have up in this wild and bleak, vet beautiful region." Texian Ptttso.NEßK. We have seen a leiitu f rom one of the San Antonio prisoners to his friend in this place, who represents the treat ment that they ate subjected to as most barbar ous.—They are ham-ssed and made to supply th, plan qfwulis in con veying sand on carts. This is no exaggeration—the writer is well known to be a man of unimpeachable veracity and a high order of intelligence. Frozen Fish.—Alter the severe irost Wed nesday night, the bay shore was literally strewn with frozen fish, great quantities of which have no doubt been taken and salted down. This is a casually ol frequent occurrence in thiscoun try towards the close of winter, and turned lo good account by the provident, but we fear that a majority are content with procuring a suppl v tor the da), trusting to another Godsend for the inorrow’s meal. At eleven o'clock A M on Wednesday the mercury had risen to 56 in the shade; by day light Thursday morning it had fallen t« &. We have many ups and downs in this metruri al country. The Remsval at Saugerties, N. Y.—The following letter is from the Post Master Gen eral : PoivT Oi'HCE Department, f Appoinlmcnl Office, January 25. j Stu:—There is evidence in this office which tends to establish lhe fact that von have, upon more than one occasion, utteped the strongest language rat denunciation and abuse agautsi President Tyler, and that you continue to mani fest your feelings by your words and conduct. Before disposing of this subject asniv duty points out I deem it proper to ajiprise you. Your obedient servant, C. A. WICKLIFFE, P. M. G. A. B. DeWitt, P. M. Mr. De AVitL answers as follows: Saugerties Post Office, N. Y., | January 30lh 1843. j Hon. G. A. Wickliffe, Post 'Master General Sir;—Your letter of the 25th wasduly receiv ed.—As to lhe charge that I have “uttered the strongest language of abuse and denundatrou against President Tyler,” 1 pronounce it, wheth er testing upon individual assertion or support ed by oath, lalse in fact and malicious in de sign. I have uniformly, both in the perform ance of my official duties aud in my intercourse with ray follow citizens, alluded to the Execu tive personally in terms of respect, and referred to the nieasuies and jiohcy of his administra tion in tt spirit intended to conciliate. This ex planation 1 have tell called upon to make iu vin dication of my character asa gentlmnan, with out, 1 trust sacrificing any jxirtiou oftiut inde- pendence which should characterize an officer intimation thrown out in the concluding ser.-' tenee ol your letter, lassure you, sir, has oe casioned no uneasiness on iny part. I haveen-' deavored to conduct the affairs of this office in it manner honorable to myself, satisfactory to lhe public, and beneficially for the Depa tmeiu ; and 1 flump’ myself that I have tailed in no one oi these points. Iftime were allowed andspeei ftcattons lumished me, I doubt not these fact would be substantiated, and the charges agairro me refuted, by the testimony.of the most re»pe< table men in ibis community. law ait reply or your further action in the premises. Very respectfully, A. B. DE WITT, P. M We publish this correspondence tor two res sons, —first, because it is a manly answer to an official insult; and secondly, to show wliat son of influence is at work at Washington m obtain removals. The only offence of Mr. De Win. we are assured by the Kirgston Journal, wa. voting lor Luther Bradish, last November, tor Governor. Mr. De Wilt’s case is that ot a thousand. Some foul and irresponsible calumny is sent to Washington, and lipiiu such evidence this Administration not only acts, but lias tlie hardihood toask support and apjuovtil for it conduct. — .V. Y. E.rpress. Hon. J. M. Berrien. The Athens Wiiig says, the follow ing coin plimentary notice of our eloquent, talenred anil honest Senator, John McPherson Berrien, we extract trom the editorial ol' the Cincinnati Chronicle. The Whigs of Georgia, aye, and we might say the whole mass of her citizen*, with the exception of some noisy demagogue , are proud of the man—the Senator. Weave happy to find that, he is appreciated elsewhetc than in his own State, and the able editor ol the Chronicle could not have selected a worthier, pin er statesman, as the subject ofhis panegyric. The Hon. John M. BmtnttN. —'I'hc session of Congress is about to close, mill as we have not been inattentive observers ofthe part play. <1 by some <if its most conspicuous members, we teel it a duty occasionally to speak well of three who, in out judgment, have done well for their country. Among the most eminent ol thosi who have stood really eminent, we tank the Hou. John M. Berrien, a Senator from Georgia, and Chair man of the Judiciary Committee. This gentle man seems not to have been so fond of seeking altct display, as of acting lhe part of a tine American statesman, by ascertaining the merits of questions, and detei mining his votes bv the results. We have not alwa. s agreed withliirn, anil have therefore no special bias in his tavoi He seems to us to have been governed by great independence ot motive—by a right-seek big spirit, aud on no occasion to have lowered Ute dignity or courtesy of his conduct to suit the low level of ill-natured and ill-manneted dema gogues. The jiost of Chairman of the Judiciary Com mittee in lhe Senate is not alt easy one to fill; yet he has filled it with theili-tingnishtd honor amiability. The Legislature ot Georgia recently ostracis ed Mr.Betrien; hut the attempted blow recoiled upon themselves. The result ot the i:#ltf eleffidn acquitted the people olGeorgiaoi any such crime, as w ould have been that o! deserting and denoun eing a citizen and Senator so worthy, so useful and so honorable. Atrocious Murder.—Last night while Mr. Charles S. Corlies was on his way , Irom the. Carlton House to his residence in Leonard street, a pers on dressed in female apparel come up clre e to him and fired a pistol at hup,. the ball from which s truck him on the side pl his bead,[passed obliquely along it and ctpiteuiitnearlhe temple. The assassin immediately fled, and Mr. Corlii s was taken to the Carlton House wherehe expired shortly alter. Pursuit was immediately made after the assassin, whow as arrested. We leat u hat the assassin’s name is Colton, and was sit ting in his room wtiunftwhen the officers arrest : d him. This is the second attempt made to as sissintrte Mr. Corlies within the las. lurtnight Jour, i f Cam. if Hu 20/A. Moke or the Murder. —There is an impres sion prevailing this evening that Mr. Corliss was murdered by the wileo: Colton. The fact id this case which will couxe out on lhe Coro tier’s inutic* t will probably prove this. For some time an improper intercourse Lr.s been kej t Up between Mr. (‘oilie., and Mrs. Col ton. The husband, we understaml wa- ierv ready to forgive the injuries ofthe wife, if she would return to her children aiid her duty. Mr. < 'oriies pledged his word that he would stop all .•oininuuieation with lhe w lie.of Colton. This aggrieved the unfaithful spouse, and lhe result is known. We do not vouch for all this, but a veil inlonrred person inform- us that such w ill ! aioliablv p ovc the fact. We bot e not. The I .ragecy is horrib'e enough as it is, but this would make the I'cnouement vet more lioirible.- A'. IY. Hrpre . - . ‘ ~v * .. <