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0 hTiwiiff i> ww MsUI y >|^B<www / wW" OLD SERIES, VOL. LVH. THE CHRONICLE 4. SENTINEL IS PVBLISHEIS DAILY, TBI-WSEKLV, AND WEEKLY, BY J. W. & W. S. JONES. The Weekly Chronicle & Sentine! IS PUBLISHED AT Three Dollars p«r annum—or one subscriber tw years, or two subscribers one year for 85. TH- IPeeJWy paper, at Five Dollars per annum. Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum. Cash System.—ln no case will an order for the paper be attended to, unless accompanied with the money; and in every instance when the time for which any subscription may be paid, expires before the receipt of funds to renew the subscrip tion, the paper will be discontinued. Depreciated money received at its value in this city. <£ hr oniric aflO Sentinel. AUGUSTA. FRIDAY MORNING, APRIL 21. “The Occident, and American Jewish Advocate,” is the title of a new and very neat monthly periodical of sixty pages, edited by Isaac Lesser, of Philadelphia; the receipt cf the firstnumber of which, weacknowledge from one of its patrons. As its title imports, it is de voted to the promulgation of the religious teiiels and faith of the Jews, and has been commenced ■with the two-fold purpose of sustaining a me dium of communication among the Israelites of new and old world, and disseminating light and truth with regard to their religion. To the Jews, particularly, it must become a work of great interest; and to those who desire to be made familiar with their tenets, it cann Jt rail to impart much and valuable information, if the future numbers of the wotk are sustained with the same mi Idness and ability, that mark the first, an ability which will commend it to the lavora ble consideration of both Jews and Christians. — Terms, $3 per annum. Mrs. Rebecca C. Moise has been appointed agent for Augusta. Pennsylvania Bans Charters. —Bills have passed both Houses of the Legislature and arc now in the hands of the Governor lor his signa ture to re-charter the follow ing banks. The Southwark Bank. The Farmers and Mechanics Bank, The Bank of the Northern Liberties, The Farmers Bank of Reading, The Fanners Bank of Bucks county, The Bank of Montgomery county. What a Daguerreotype sketch of Locofocoism does these facts present! Before the people they are the exclusive friends ‘of a hard currency, and when in power no party is so unscrupulous in their support of Banks and Bank charters, or so ready to charter new Banks. How long will honest, thinking men be gulled by such a party? A Desperate Case—Ourexchanges all tell about Parson Miller “lying desperately ill.” Desperately ill, or desperately well he has been ZyrngitesperafcZy this longtime. Glynn County Court.—The Savannah Re publican of Monday says:—Our readers are 11- ware that no Superior Court has been held in Glynn for sometime past. At the assemblingof the bar at the Court House on Monday last, it was found that the newly elected Sheriff, Mr. Piles, had not yet received his commission. In this emergency his honor Judge Henry stated the ease and called upon any citizen who was so dis posed to stand forth and be qualified to serve pro tempore in obedience to a late act ofthe Legisla ture. James Hamilton Couper, Esq. came for ward in answer to the call, was constituted Sher iff, dnd the court proceeded to such business as it was enabled to transact. This voluntary act of Mr. Coupers. strikes us as being one of the handsomest things, one ofthe the most noted instances of self sacrifice tor the public zoo rfhnt we have heanl of tn these de generate times. Such profound respect and sub mission to the supremacy of the laws, can only be entertained by the lofty and generous in soul and it requires some knowledge of the condition of affairs in Glynn county, to beable to appreci ate fully the painful and delicate duly which Mr. Couper has thus assumed, It is refreshing while our ears are filled with daily instances of gross misconduct to witness such elevation of princi ple. Prom the N. O. Pirayur.e. A Count in Trouble. The fellow who calls himself Count Barato, and who has been delivering lectures at the Athenaeum on Greece, received a most unmer ciful but well-merited dogging on Thursday night last. ft seems that the scoundrel, while boarding at a highly respectable house in the city, com mitted a gross outrage upon a family residing at the same place. The circumstances were kept unknown to the father of the family uni day before yesterday, when thinking the Count had lett town, the wife disclosed the tacts to her husband. But it would tippear that the rascal had not as yet taken his departure. On the contrary, he had advertised a lecture at the Athenaeum lor Thursday evening, and hearing of this circum stance, the husband, accompanied by a friend, waited upon him at that establishment. He had no sooner concluded a hurried address to some dozen individuals, than he was politely requested by the two gentlemen above mention ed to accompany them. They escorted him to the house where he had committed the outrage, and after threatening him with the severest pun ishment, made him confess his guilt and ask pardon of the! offended family on his knees.— They next compelled him to take off both coat and vest, and then telling him to throw his arms round a bed-post, a colored servant was ordered to lash him with a cowhide. This castigation was continued until the fellow fairly cried aloud from agony. He was then released, after being told to leave the city the next morning, unless he was desirous of receiving even a worse dose. The outrage this Barato perpetrated was of the most gross description, and really entitled him to a punishment far more severe than he received. He is doubtless an impostor, and the statements of Byron having died in his arms, and of his being a Count, have all been made by himself. We yesterday heard it stated that he was the servant of some real foreign Count who died in Havana a short time since, and after the death of nis master, he is said to have stolen his clothes, money and jewels, and “cut a swell" with them as long as they lasted, at New York. We have never heard the fellow’ lecture, but have been told he gives a piteous recital of the sufferings of the Greeks in their struggle for in dependence. He now has capital materials for a lecture upon the sufferings of a Greek in N. Orleans. Ct'S. A. Holmes has laid on our table, "Pietre Landais, or the Tailor of Brittany,” an historical tale of the fifteenth century; translat ed from the French. Also, Lectures on Mod em History, by Thomas Arnold, D. D. Correspondence of the Picayune. Havana, April 6th, 1843. Accompanying this you will receive the "Faro” of the same date, containing the trial, sentence and execution of the negroes taken as participants in the recent revolt at Carnes, in this island. You will perceive that eight of them have been beheaded ! I learn from a gen tleman who arrived from there yesterday, that tlie loss and destruction of life are immense.— Negroes who took no part in the insurrection, and who had no knowledge ot its contemplation, became alarmed when they saw the hurrying, in “hot haste,” to and fro, of the soldiers and the armed white civilians; they fled to the woods with the actual conspirators, and were with them indiscriminately put to death. Independently of those who have been or are to be executed, in compliance with the sentence of the court martial, not less than five hundred of them have been shot in the melee or have hung themselves. You will find among lhe papers I send the Mexican official account of the escape ot the Texan prisoners, and of the recapture, alas! of the greater portion of them. Mr. Packenham, the English ex-minister at Mexico, is now here, on his way to England. The Magtera, in which was his successor, Mr. Doyle, was wrecked on Bare Bush Key, near Port Royal Jamaica —one boy lost; her crew have been brought here by the British man of war Warspite, Lord Hav : they are about to proceed to England in the Thames steamer, which has arrived from Vera Cruz with $381,000 in specie on board. TberurercMc by the Alabama arrived here in “good order and condition," as the invoice reported; and thermometer of tjie public mind, in relation to the approaching races, is rising daily. To the Habaneros the racing will be a novel feature in their catalogue ol amusements, and to the Americans who come over, the Valdes Course will present attractions, independent of the mere-sports of tbeturt, which they little dream, ot in. their plilosopby D 0 number ot votes taken in the city of New York at the late eleetion for Mayor was nearly 45,000, being a much larger vote than ever before given. The majority of Mr. Mor ris over Mr. Smith was 5,917. TheCabinet.—The last rumor from Wash ington is that Judge Upshur is to take the De partment of State, which is shortly to be vacated by Mr. Webster, and that Mr. Cushing is to be appointed Secretary of the Navy. Correspondence of the Chronicle and Sentinel. Milledgeville, April 12, 1843. Tb the Editor of the Chronicle <f- Se dinel: Below I hand you the names of the drawers of land and gold lots, who reside in Burke coun ty, and who have not taken out their grants. If not granted by the first of July next, the lands' revert to the State. cold lots in lottery or 1832— drawers in BURKE COUNTY, INGRANTED. Isaiah Barrer, Absalom Kinsey, John Owens, Elizabeth Sumner, Stephen Blount, Jesse Night, David Hall, Janies Cross, Margaret Ronaldson, Wm Proctor, Charles M Hill, Richard Ohoin, Charles Sapp, Henry A Paris, Uriah Skinner, sr. John Naisworth, Elizabeth T Wanton, Green B Red, Wm Byne, Charles F Segur, Lewis Whitfield, sr. Arthur Royall, James Chance, John Watts, Nath L Sturgess, J Reddick’s orphans, Elizabeth Hodges, Robert W Daniel, Joab T Rowell, Luvisy Williams, Sherrod Tomlin, Jeremiah W Burke, Hurias Liptrot, Eliz M Whitehead, W Sconyer’s orphans, Dempsey, Barnes, sr. John Bates, Jesse Coleman, E Kersey’s orphans, Hurst’s orphans, B Warnock’s orphans, Simeon Hutchins, Mack Wimberly, Andrew Scott, Elizabeth Ussery, Benjamin Oliver, Collin Barfield, Henry S Jones, Wm R West, Hardy V Wot ten, Ezekiel Deal, Jane Williams, Peter Matthews, Matthew' Jones, Abraham Walker, Thomas J Dickson, Jesse H Lively, Wm B Douglass, Wm Rollins, James Royt, sr. John Cates, R Ratliff’s orphans, Elisha Hayman, Celia Barley, Lewis Wimberly, sr. John Dillarii, John T Clements, Elizabeth Long, Reb & Thos Sorsbee, Wilson J Burch, Wm Dixon, Thos Burke, sr. James W Taylor, Herv P Jones, Thos S Bourkc, H Eulgem's orphans, Benjamin Oliver, Johua S Treadwell, James Ward, John S Mitchell, W Umnhrey’s orphans,Wm Owen, Amos Sanderford, Hezekiah Ponder, John Brinson, jr. James Liptrot, Daniel Oglesby, John Conner, Wm Sanderford, Sarah Ann Stephens, Emily E Few, Thos Skinner, jr. Wm W Hughes, John Roberts, James Patterson, Patrick G Dickey, James Harrell, John Monroe, Richard Foales, Bartley Sconyerj, Powell Godby, Isaac Holton, Charles McCan, E Farmer’s orphans, Jefferson Roberts, John McCoy, David Taylor, Jeremiah Vinson, Seaborn H Peterson, Jos Robinson, Henry Chance, James Me Nair, Alex J Lawson, Stephen Mills, Matilda Hatcher, Catharine Audutor, WmWS Knight, Sol Godbey, E Thomas’ orphans, M Cox’s orphans, Mary Lamb, J Goulding’s orphans, Richard Thomas, John Farmer, Charles A Burton, John Watkins, Jonathan Johns, Adam Wallace, sr. Moses T Proctor, Morrise Nicolas, John R Leverett, Wm Dixon, Edward Luke, Lawson Clinton, Patrick McCan, Christian Shults, Thos Wood, Wm Gillstrap, Benj E Mobley, Fielding J Brown, Henry Nicholas, David Barnes, Mourning Moore, Enoch Byne, Peter Matthews, Geo Tilly’s orphans, Peter Allday, John Pemall, Putney Georg®, Benj Lightfoot, Robert Skinner, Thos Cosnahan, John Mallard, Hezekiah Young, James Clarke. Thomas Wise, Peter J Gordy, Thomas Ward, E G Kirkland, Rhesa McCroan, Wm Jones, S Tarber’s orphans, Letha Baxter, Mary Allen, Holden Barber, Wm W Maund, Hamilton Watson, Abram Proctor, Henry Bird, Chas Waters, Daniel M Farrow, Robert Tarver, Adam Brinson, Samuel Dowse, Famell’s children, Jessy Hardwick, Charles M Hill, Wm Vann, David Dixon, John S Gregory, Peter J Gordy, Godbey’s orphans, Francis Ward, John Watts, Alaiff Gaines, Mary Ann Cook, Richard Foales, Jacob Collins, Elizabeth Stone, Turner Scarborough, Ralsman Hill, Evan Lewis, Geo W Pierce, sr. Jeremiah Allen, Charles Baxter, John Elliott, Brannon Cole. Henry F Farmer, Joh Elliott, John Moxley, Reuben Duke, Amos Wiggins, Jos Cates, J McCroan’s orphans, Wm B Ballard, Moses Hanbury, Isaiah Sapp, Reason Lindsey, John Sapp, Benj Buxton, William Mulkey, Wesley W Reese, Z L F Tomlin, James Cross, jr. John Duke, • Ephraim Noles, John Hines, sr. Benj Moxley, Nicholas Reddick, Stephen Haymans, Dempsey Murray. Mary Ballard, Lewis P Tipier, Perrin Scarborough. Henry McNorrill, Grant fees and commissions for land lots S 3. “ “ “ “ “ gold “ $3. In all cases specie funds Fee for giving information about value and situation of lots, otic dollar. Letters must be post paid. WILLIAM H. PRITCHARD. From the N. O. 'Tropic. Logic.—“l have corn and want pork, my neighbor has pork and wants corn: we exchange: that is FVee 'Trade." A correspondent informs us that this incontrovertible piece of logic illu minates the pages of Kendall’s Expositor. Adam Smith would wince under it, and Jean Baptiste Say would say no more on political economy. It is clear reasoning—almost tangible. There is all the wisdom of Bacon in the thought, and the precision of Locke in (he expression. But however we must praise the vivid conception and the terse conveyance of the same to the breasts of unenlightened Democrats, yet there is an error, more by implication than really appa rent on its face. Suppose Farmer A. has corn, and Farmer B. pork. B. wants the corn and A. the pork, but the latter, though willing to “ex change”—perfectly willing to exchange, says: “B. you must let hie have your corn delivered, flee ot expense, but you must pay a kind of turn pike toll tor my pork.” Could tl;e legal cranium of Mr. Kendall distort this transaction into an “exchange?” But absurdity is the badge of all their tribe. “We do not want your‘filthy’ to bacco,” says France, “and if you want to send it to our ports you must pay more duties on it than you can sell your staple for. We’ll shut it out ot our ports.” Johnny Bull roars the same at our bread stuffs, and his" cry has ever been in accordance with the following Cabinet song by the Tory editor North, in his Nodes Ambro siance: “Ye that honor the laws that our forefathers made, And would not see the laurels they twined for us fade, Nor would yield up your ureoth for the amt of free trade, 1 Join join in our chorus, and let lhe world ring; With our commerce and glory—and ‘God save the King!” From the Roman (Oneida County') Citizen. Horrible—a mother and childstarved to death.—On Saturday last a gentleman brought toour village the following heart rending account. An Irishman with his family some time since took up his residence in Florence, in this county, 4 or 5 miles from the village, and a mile from any neighbor. Last summer the man was killed by the falling of a tree, leaving a wife and three small children. Left thus alone, the poor woman managed to sustain herself and Ijttle ones com fortably, till winter With its severity came upon her. The deep snow shut her up within her lit tle shanty, and she was soon forgotten by the world without. One of her near neighbors chanc ing lo call her to mind, put on snow shoes, and proceeded to her house nearly bit ried in the snow. With much difficulty he succeeded in entering,, and then, what a scene! In one corner lay the lifeless, emaciated body of the mother. The suffering spirit had fled. By the side of the mother’s corpse lay the three children, just gasping in the last stage of starva tion. They were immediately taken to the neigh bor's house and supplied with food. But in oae, life was toofarspent. It soon joined its mother. The others have recovered. Not a mouthful of food was found in the house the poor, faithful to the impulses of a mother’s heart, had for days borne the keen pains of hun ger, without tasting food, that she might give all of her scanty store to herstarving children. She lived to see them devour the last crumb, then laid herself down and yielded to the agonies of death by starvation. Prom. Bicknell's Reporter. The Cotton Manufacture in Great Britain. From a new work recentlypublished in Dublin, by W. C. Taylor, D. D. Received at the office of Bicknell’s Reporter. The history of the Cotton manufacture in England is without a parallel in the annals of any age or country. In the beginning of the reign of George HI., it gave employment to for ty thousand persons, and the value of the goods produced was £600,000; it now employs not less than fifteen hundred thousand persons, and the value of the goods produced exceeds thirty-one millions. It is difficult to form a conception of the extent of such a manufacture; but the fol lowing calculations may help our readers to an intelligible idea of its' vastness. The Cotton yam annually spun in England would, in a sin gle thread, girdle the globe 203,755 times—it would reach 51 times from the earth to the sun; and it would encircle the earth’s orbit eight times and a half. The wrought fabrics of cot ton exported in one year would girdle the equa torial circumference of the globe eleven limes. The cotton manufacture furnishes one half of British employs ane-eleventh of our population, and supplies almost every nation in the world with some part of its clothing.— The receipts of the merchants and manufactur ers from this single branch of industry equal two-thirds of the public revenue of the king dom. The folly of the opposition to machinery was never so forcibly displayed as in the history of the cotton trade; at this moment, when machines have been invented which enable one man to produce as much yam as three hundred men could have produced at*the accessWn HI., which enable one man and one boy to print as mhny goods as a hundred men and a hundred boys could have produced then—when steam engines perform the work of 33,000 horses, and water mills of 11,000 horses —so far is manual labor from being superseded, that the number of operatives has increased from forty thousand to one million and a half. Nor has this 'increase been accompanied by diminution of comfort to the families of the operatives; the amount paid in wages among the whole of the old operatives (40,000 in number) was but £22o,ooo—that is, little more than 2s a week each. Let this state of things be compared with the following esti mate of the annual expenditure for cotton man ufacture, which was made in the year 1838 : Value. Consumption of cotton in 1838.... £19,604,166 Wages paid—operatives in spinning factories 8,659,593 Po wet-loom weavers 2,946,000 In bobinet and hosiery trade 1,650,000 Printers 9,360,000 Hand-loom weavers 280,000,12 s gross 8,596,000 Replacing machinery, 8 years taken at the rate of increased capital.... 4,312,500 Interest on increased capital, £62,- 000,000 3,100,000 Add for all other charges, oil, gas, flour, clerks, counting-houses, &?., say 4,000,000 9000 capitalists or masters, at wages, chief workmen, say £'7s per annum, yearly.. 675,000 Yearly expenditures£62,9o3,2s9 There is too much uncertainty in the data which we possess to hazard a conjecture res pecting the number of operatives between whom these eight millions and a half of wages were divided; but in 1835 we calculated, from docu ments no longer in our possession, that the num ber of operatives had been increased thirty-sev en fold, since the commencement of the reign of George 111., and the rate paid to each individual workman more than quadrupled. The author thus sums up the argument on this interesting question: The operations described in the preceding chapter are conducted in factories or mills, which may be defined “buildings in which ma chines of great power are at work to facilitate and abridge human labor.” The first great er ror vulgarly committed respecting factories, is the supposition that the abridgment of physical labor is in any way identical with diminution of employment: wherever there is any use made ot mechanical contrivance, a necessity is crea ted for mental superintendence—a demand is produced for intelligence rather than physical strength, and, consequently, employment is va ried, but not diminished. It is an undeniable fact, that the number of persons employed in the, cotton rnanulacture has been increased in the exact proportion that machinery has been improved, and that the general rate of wages, on an average of years, has increased, while the cost of production has been diminished. The Madisonian in Distress! The following letter, from the Editor of Capt. Tyler’s organ at Washington, was addressed to A. M. Barber, Esq., who had been removed from the Cooperstown Post Office several months be fore the letter was received:— Washington City, j Madisonian Office, March 5, 1843. [ Dear Sir:—Trusting that you are friendly to the Administration, and disposed to aid in giv ing circulation to the organ which is devoted to a defence of its principles and measures, I have presuuted to solicit your assistance. The President, in taking the position so suc cessfully maintained by Jefferson and Madison in better days, has been vilified and calumniat ed without measure, while but few presses were found to utter a word in his defence. Such be ing the case, 1 did not hesitate to expend my pri vate fortune in the cause. I did it cheerfully, and shall be compensated to see his cause tri umphant in the end. But I have also been compelled to contract many heavy debts, which will be the source of much embarrassment, without other friends of the Administration are willing to step forward in the hour of need, and contribute to sustain the Press. It 10 weekly subscribers can be secured in your vicinity during the nejt lew weeks, it will be a sure indication that the call upon the friends of Republican principles at this time has not been made in vain. Respectfully, your ob’t servant, J. R. JONES, Editor Madisonian. P. S. The terms of the paper are: Daily, 810; Semi-weekly, $5; Weekly, $2, in advance. If you are satisfied the number of subscribers mentioned can be procured, and can oblige me by advancing the amount by return mail, it will aid much in discharging the present pressing demands on me. For such service, I shall al ways hold myself in readiness to manifest my gratitude by any means in my power. Yours, J. R. J. A. M. Barber, P. M., Cooperstown, N. Y. Thus Mr. John Jones of the Madisonian, goes about with his hat begging advances from Postma.-ters for the support of a Tyler newspa per at Washington ! — Albany Eve. Jour. Suipman—The Cincinnati Message of Thurs day last says:—“A New York police officer passed through this city in pursuit of him on Tuesday, and on Wednesday morning another from Philadelphia got along. It will be along chase before they catch him, as he had twodays start of them', and will use all possible speed ta reach “ e’ Duel.—A duel was fought yesterday morning between two young Creole gentlemen of Louisi ana, Mr. Auguste Brusle and Mr. Eugene Mus son. The weapons used were small swords. Ear ly inthe,encounterMr. Bntsle received the weap on of his antagonist in the rightbreast, the wound being so severe that it was at once pronounced fatal, and a report of his death was generally cur rent. Happily, at a later hour yesterday after noon he still survived, and hopes were entertain ed that hemightrecover. A former meeting had taken place between these gentlemen, in which Mr. Musson was wounded, and the result of the meeting yesterday was the more deplorable, as the friends of the parties bad induced them to consent that upon the first blood the affair should end. Mr. M. received a slight wound yesterday in the forehead, as we learn from the Courier of last evening.—A" O. Picayune. Guns and Gunpowder.—The power accumu lated within a small space of gunpowder, is well known; yet some of its effects under peculiar circumstances are so singular, that an attempt to explain them may perhaps be excused. If a gun is loaded with a ball, it will not k.ck so much as w-hen loaded with small shot: and amongst different kinds of shot, that which is the small est causes the greatest recoil against the skonlddr. A gun loaded with a quantity of sand, equal in weight to a charge of snipe-shot, kicks still more. If, in loading, a space is left between the wadding and the charge, the gun either recoils violently, or bursts. If the muzzle of a gun has been acciden tally stopped with clay, or even with snow, or it it be fired with its muzzle plunged into the water the most certain result is that it bursts. The ul timate cause of these apparently inconsistent ef fects is. that every force requires time to produce its effect; and it the time requisite for the elastic vapor w ithin to force out the sides of the barrel, is less than that in the condensation of the air near the wadding is conveyed in sufficient force to drive the impediment from the muzzle, then the barrel must burst and sometimes happens that the barrel only swells, the obstacle giving way before the gun is actually burst. Amer. . Curious Charge.—The Madisonian says:— “TheGlobejuntoroanagecapitallv. Thev man age to obtain jobs of printing from the present administration by means of bribery." Which member of the administration has ac t cepted of the bribe!— Phil. U.S. Gazette AUGUSTA, GA THURSDAY MORNING, APRIL 27, 1843. SATURDAY MORNING, APRIL 22. Gen. James C. Watson, long a resident of Columbus, Ga., died at Mount Meigs, Mont gomery county, Ala., at the residence of his son-in-law, Mr. Walker, on Friday night, 1401 instant. Steam Packets. —The Britannia was to leave Liver; 00l for Boston on the 4th instant, and may be daily expected. The Great Western was to leave Liverpool for New Y’ork on the 15th instant, and will be in about the 30th. The Hibernia, (new) the packet of the 19th, to be commanded by Capt. Judkins, will leave Liverpool on Wednesday, the 19th, thus mak ing three steam packets during the month of April. Jj- The Merchants’ Exchange, of N. York, one of the finest buildings in the country, was sold, at auction on Monday for $5,600, under an execution for that sum. The property is sub ject to incumbrances to the amount of $890,000 to $900,000. The rights of the stockholders to the extent of $1,000,000 are thus cut off, unless redeemed within 15 months. The entire cost ot the property' was about $2,000,000. The Jay Map Meetly;. fife Philadelphia tli'at'a large ’ meeting was held in New Yoik on Saturday evening, when Mr. Gallatin and Mr. Webster delivered addresses. The meeting was held un der the auspices of the New York Historical Society, and in the Chapel of the University.— The Jay Map, which was suspended over the head of the chairman, was explained at length by Mr. Gallatin. It seems, from the account, that this map was one of those laid before the Commissioners whp drew up the treaty of Pa ris in 1783, and on it the disputed boundary is represented by a red line marked “Mr. Oswald’s line,” in the hand writingofMr. Jay. Mr. Webster, on being called upon, “deliver ed a speech of great interest and importance, m which he reviewed the whole subject of negotia tions which terminated in the Washington treaty, and pointed out the inferences to which the new ly discovered map led, and the additional light which it shed on the questions connected with the controversy setiled by the treaty.” Xj” The suit cf the U. States against Jesse Hoyt—formerly Collector of the Port of New York, and now charged with being a defaulter to the amount of s2oo,ooo—is before the Circuit Court sitting in New York. The Herald says that in the course of the trial twenty cart-loads of books have to be examined, and about 70,- 000,000 of entries or items to be overhauled.— During his Collectoi ship $80,000,000 of revenue passed through Hoyt’s hands. Sing Sing Prison.—lt is stated that this Insti tution has been badly managed during the last three years, and that it is in debt to the amount ol 860,000. The state of its treasury is exposed by the new Inspectors. There may be exagge ration in the report, as political interests are at the bottom of the matter. Columbus, April 18th, 18*13 Hon. J. I. Moses, Mayor— Sit: Since my last report, three patients have recovered of Small-pox, two others are conva lescent, and the remaining one is doing well.— These constitute the whole number ol cases in the city. No new case has occurred within the last ten days, and I do nut doubt but we will be able to confine the disease to the points where it is now located. Respectfully, Wm. S. CHIPLEY, City Physician. Sleep no More.—Mr. Robert Fleming Gour lay announces through a Boston paper, that h will deliver lectures on the art of living without sleep. He asserts that he has not slept for the last fifty-two months, and desires that a commit tee be appointed to watch him night and day, to convince themselves of the truth of his asser tions. He proposes also to enliven his discourses, which is to be divided into five parts, with songs between each part.— North American. Loss op the Buenos Ayrean Brig of War San Martin.—Advices from Montevideo, re ceived by the Boston Daily Advertiser, state that on the morning of February 2d, the brig San Martin, of 18 guns, belonging to the Bue nos Ayres squadron, was wrecked on the rocks at the entrance of the Montevideo harbor. £~;The Cincinnati Gazette of the 13th says: “Our Banks are doing nothing but receiving and payingdeposites and renewing notes—the sluggish remainder of their discount lines.— The circulation is made up of Indiana .notes, and those of a few of the more distant of the Ohio Banks. Il is meagre, but what there is of it is good, and we are glad that the spirit of dcstructionism, which has closed our manufac tories, wound up our Banks, and crippled our tiade, has left us even this little remnant of our prosperity.” Alexander H. Stevens, M. D., has been unanimously elected President of the College of Physiciansand Surgeons in the city of New York, in place of J. Augustine Smith, M. D., resigned. Killing two birds with one stone.—lt is said, that for a political salute of one hundred guns, fired at Albany on Thursday, the Whigs furnished the guns in honor of their success in Albany, and the Democrats the powder, in hon or of their victory in New York. This was both good natured and economical. Jj* The collections made in the city of New York for the relief of the Guadaloupe sufferers, already exceed S4OOO. The French Consul General states that the number of persons kill ed, wounded and crippled by the earthquake exceeds 10,000. The Rates of Postage.—lnstructions have been received at the New York Post Ossie from Washington. to charge pamphlet postage on all the cheap j üblications of the day, issued as ex tras. The postage on the weekly papers re mains the same—the new regulation only af fects the extras. Prom the Richmond Compiler of the 17 th. Great Rise in James River. Saturday morning we stated the river had ris en the evening before very high. It continued to rise until a very late hour Saturday night, when it was higher than at any former period since 1795. It was22inches highei at Rocketts than the great June Fresh of last year, which de stroyed so much wheat and did so much injury to the James River Canal. Yesterday, at dark, it had fallen about three feet and a halt and was retiring very gradually. The late heavy rains, which have been very general, caused this fresh’ The destruction must be great. The packet boat on the Canal, which left this place on Fri day morning, only got as far as Maiden’s Ad venture, and that due Saturday has not been heard from. Nothing is yet known of the dam age done the Canal, though we have reason to hope that it is not so extensive as last June, the river having risen, on the present occasion,’with less rapidity. . . . . A large portion of the wheat crop is hopelessly destroyed—the deposite upon it bein'g so deep’as to prevehf it Irom ever appearing. ' ! As far as could be ascertained last evening, the Dock had suffered very little injury.- Much plank wassweptaway irom the wharves and considerable damage was sustained by the stores in Rocketts, which were all more or less inundated. Messrs. Haskins & Libby’s base ment was between tour and five feet deep in wa ter The cellars at Market Bridge were ven’deep in water, though little injury was sustained, ex cept by Mr. Strecker, who had a considerable amount of articles liable to injury from water, inundated. We hope for the best; but fear discouraging reports of destruction from this great flood of wa ters. The same paper of the 18th says: How far the great rise in the waters has pre vailed, we do not know yet. Ot course, along the entire James and most of its tributaries.— We learn that Tye River and Hardware River were very high, and suppose the Rivanna must have been also very high. All these lie in . wheat growing regions. From* Nassau. By the arrival at4®jihnah, on the 19th, of the Br. schooner Jami me editors of the Repub lican, have received riles of the Royal Gazette to the 12th inst., from which they extract the following items: There is very intelligence in the papers worth extracting. The schr. Jo/m Spof ford, Capt. Spofford; bound for New Orleans, with a cargo of Rice, went ashore on a reef off' Umbrella Key, Abacfc, on the night ofthe 2d inst. The cargo was saved in a damaged state, and disposed of at Green Turtle Cay, on ac count ol all concerned. .The vessel was a total loss. The steamer Capt? Hart, arrived al Nassau on the Bth inst. from Havana, bringing the missing mails ofUie 15th February and 18th of March. Mr. PaCXf.nuam, the British Min ister for Mexico, was it passenger, on his way to England. The Giizetteof the 15th ult. says: “Yesterdaj the United States artpsd vessel Boxer, Lipjtt. Bullus, commandint’iJkrived iron, a cruise, she has, we understand, jieen in the neighborhood ofthe Isle of Pines, (hat well known den for pi ratical desparadoes. ft'e learn, that during the Boxer’s short absence from this, that they had fallen in with a vessel'fully answering the des cription ofthe SanAfttomo, the vessel reported to be in connection with the late conspirators on board the Swim, aucUhat they were in chase of her off and on iorjtwo days. On their first noticing her, she close in with the land, under li drew more near, ded with men, when after getting within a gun shot, immediately hauled to on a wind, when the Boxer, proceeded in chase, and fired two shots at her, but from light weather and calms, she at length by sweeps, escaped from them, by getting in among the intricate creeks on that coast, where the Boxer could not ven ture. Nassau, Aprilß. It would appear by the following extract, from a letter just received from Capt. Silliman of the American brig Rebecca, which vessel was lying at anchor at Heneaugua, addressed to the United States Consul here, that a pirati cal cruizer, was lurking about between Santa Cruz and Trinidad. From the knowledge we have of the Master of the Rebecca, we feel assured that he would not state any thing but w hat was strictly correct. We wish one ot our cruisers were within reach; they would soon be able to give a flaming ac count of her. On board brig Rebecca, j Heneaugua, March 27th, 1843. ( Timothy Darling, Esq., U. S. Consul, Nassau, N. P. Dear Sir, —I am at anchor, waiting for even ing, to make mv run from Crooked Island Pas sage, bound to New York from Santa Cruz de Cuba, six days out. I was informed by the Pilot on leaving port, that a small coasting schooner which arrived the evening previous to my leaving-, had been boarded by a piratical schooner, fore and aft rigged, with about fifty men on board. I could not exactly understand the place from the Pilot, but somewhere among the Keys, to the westward of Sania Cruz to wards Trinidad. This report determined me to come to windward. I feel certain that this re port can be relied upon. I came here th is more - ing about 111 o’clock, A. M. Please make this publie. i am Sir. vour obedient servant, J. A. SILLIMAN. From the. Richmond Whig. Tylerism. The “Guillotine" is actively at work —besides the old soldier, Gen. Van Rensselaer, at Alba ny, whom even Jackson spared through respect for his services and the blood he hail shert for his country, removed from lhe Post Office with out cause ailedged, to make room for Mr. Was son, a Van Buren partizan—besides Gen. Van Rensselaer, Sam’l W. Dotener, a Whig, has been removed from the Post Office at Norwich, Connecticut, no cause pretended. In Kentucky, Mr. Redd has been removed from the Post Of fice at Lexington, (put in by Gen. Harrison,) and Mr. Ficklen, a violent Locofbco partizan, put out for that reason by Gep. Harrison, re stored. The especial object, no doubt, in this case, was to spite Mr. Clay, Lexington being his Post Office.—We published, on Saturday, the removal of the Collector ot the Port of Wilmington, N. C., put in office by Gen. Har rison, to make room lor a brother-in-law of Mr. Reircber who has rer-eptjj. v»li-*wl in theguard. Every mail brings intelligence of some similar event in some one or other of the quarters of the Union. No cause is in any case ailedged. No public reason is even pretended. Sicvolo, siejubes, thus I wish, thus I order, is the form of lhe Presidential edict. No notice is even vouch safed. The public officer, in the faithful per formance of his duties, is not even apprised of his approaching fate, until be is waited upon by his successor with his commission in his pocket! If this be not Despotism, what is? There is, however, no remedy ibr it. Mr. Tyler has the country “in Chancery,” as the pugilists say— under nis arm—and can inflict upon its charac ter, honor and interests, what blows he pleases. There is no mode of escape left open. Submis sion to his Royal pleasure, is all that is left to .the boasted freedom of the U. States, until his term expires I The spectacle now exhibited in this country, has no resemblance in the history of any other. A f ree —the only really free people of the Globe, ruled despotically, by one not appointed by them to rule: their will disobeyed, their interests trampled under foot: their Government and of ces appropriated to the ambitious uses of one man, (and that man utterly insignificant in his talents and character,) arid converted literally into a trading and electioneering personal fund'! —and all these enormities beyond legal remedy or redress ! Patience, however, good people: “Patience, and shuffle the cards," as the sage said in the Cave of Montesinos.—Time is on the wing, and deliverance is not distant. The hour when it comes, and these disgraceful fetters shall be knocked off, will recompense the American peo ple for the unspeakable humiliation of having been made, by destiny, the play-thing of John Tyler. Freshet in the Potomac. — Great Apprehen ded Injury to the Canal.— We learn that during the last week a great and almost unpreceden'ed rise has taken place in the Potomac river and its tributaries, which has occasioned a great a mount of damage. At Cumberland, a number of cellars were tilled, occasioning much 'oss— many people had to be removed from their houses in boats. An estimation ot the loss has not been made. On the whole valley through which the river traverses great loss has been ex perienced. A gentleman who came down the line of rail road on tne river, on Saturday, in forms us that the road was under water for some eight or ten miles, but that, so far as known, no material damage has occurred. The cars on Saturday were detained some three or tour hours, owing to the depth of water and the sliding of ground and rocks on the road. At one place it became necessary to blast the rock on the road, and three differerit blasts were made before the cars could proceed „n their way. The Chesapeake and Ohio canal, which bor ders on the Potomac, has beyond doubt suffered immensely; in many plachs the tow-path is en tirely gone, and for miles it is under water, and there is no knowing what the result will be.— At Harper’s Ferry, the outlet lock is entirely gone, and several canal boats which were in tie canal at that place have been swept away and lost. It will be some days before the full extent of the injury is known. At Harper’s Ferry the water was within a few’ inches of the flooring of the railroad bridge, and nothing but the constant attention of the agent there, in removing the drift wood, saved the structure. The town of Harper’s Ferry has suffered much by the freshet, a portion of it be ing under water. Our informant states that it is truly distress ing to observe along the line of the railroad the condition of the Irish laborers who have been employed upon the road. Their little shanties are literally flooded and swept away, and the in mates have been driven lo the hills, in the open air, to obtain a resting place. Their little all has been swept away, as ivith the besom of des truction. At Georgetown, on Saturday, the river was full, and the wharves generally overflowed, and merchants were removing good from cellars Jn anticipation of a heavyfreshet. At Alexandria, also, considerable damage ensued. Many cel lars, were filled with water. P. S. The train of cars from the West arrived at the usual time last evening. We learn that at Harper’s Ferry the water had fallen about four feet, thus doing away with any further ap prehensions for the railroad bridge there. Had not the superstructure ot the railroad been stone, instead of earth, the whole road for miles must have been carried away. The Williamsport Banner of Saturday, which town is located immediately on the river, under date of 11 o’clock, says: “At the time of going to press the river is as high as the June, freshet of 1836, which then caused serious and exten sive injuiry to the Canal. The water has over flowed the banks in many places, and we rear will cause considerable damage."— Balt. Sun of th.'. Titk. Ninety cotton bales floated gloriously past our town this week, tn form of a raft; the bales protect ed in gum elastic coverings, were borne upon the ' bosom of the stream to the ocean. The bags, it is said, cost five dollars, and will probably last i I five years—a grea; saving in. freight.— Brazos I Farmer, Money in N. York.—The Express of Mon day says:—The money market was never more abundant than at present. The offerings at bank have fallen down to a very trifling sum. Good paper is taken in the street at five per ct. premium. HrThree packet ships from Liverpool ard . three from Havre were below at New York on Monday, detained by the fog. The British fri gate Warspite was also below at New York. Massachusetts Congressional Districts. The first Monday in June has been fixed by the Governor of Massachusetts, for another trial to elect Members of Congress in those districts where vacancies exist. O' The foreign news has had no effect upon the New York markets. In consequence ofthe weather being so dark and gloomy, very little has been done in flour or cotton; both markets, however ate quite firm. Bishop of Rhode Island. —We learn that the Rev. J. P. K- Henshaw, Rector of St. Peter’s Church in this city, has accepted the appoint ment of Bishop, which lias recently been unani mously conferred on him by the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church of Rhode Is laYav’dittf mat lie tHfUentef upon the duties of 'he office in the month cf June.— Balt. Am. Compte de Misles, w’ho had 12,- 000 men under his command in the arm.v ol Na poleon, and who was at one time commander in chief of the garrison of the city of Rome, is no w in Nashville, Tenn., teaching school. HrThe. British Government is taking active measures to prevent the illegal introduction of manufactured silks from France. It is said that the cost value of silks, annually smuggled into Great Britain, is about $5,000,000; and the regular silk dealer finds it impossible to com pete t with the illicit trader. Marrying a Wife’s Sister.—Attheregular meeting ofthe classis of New Brunswick, to whom the subject has been referred by the Gen eral Synod of the Dutch Church, it was decid ed by ayes 17, Does 11, doubtful 1, “that the word of God does not prohibit the marriage of a deceased wife's sister, and the canon of the Dutch Church, assuming the contrary, ought to be re pealed.” Who would not be a Congressman ?—The last Congress sat 450 days. The wages of every man came to $3,600. Add thereto the mileage, and the average amount received bv the members, would come to about four thou sand five h tindred dollas each. Deduct $2 a day for expenses, and there is left a profit or surplus of three thousand five hundred dollars for a year and a quarter’s services—besides the honor ! It has been decided by Judge Scott, one of the Judges of the General Court of Virginia, that the talcing the proper steps to procu re relief un der the late act of Congress presenting a uniform rule of Bankruptcy, privileges an individual from arrest in civil cases, who has thus taken the proper steps to procure reliefunder the law. The Judge, therefore, on habeas corpus, dis charged from confinement a person who had been confined under a case, he coming within this rule.—Ater. Gaz. The Canals of Ohio.—The season is so backward in ail partsof the country, that it is only within a lew days that the water has been let into the canals in this region. The Cincin nati Gazette states that at the commencement of this spring’s business, the following works will be finished and navigable, to wit: Ohio Canal and its navigable side-cuts 334 miles. Miami Canal6s “ Extension of Miami Canal, in pari 7Q “ Warren county Canal 22 “ Sidney Feeder 13 “ Wabash and Erie Canal and side-cuts 91 “ Walhondivc Canal2s “ Hocking Cana! 56 “ Muskingum Improvement 91 “ Pennsylvania and Ohio Canal 74 “ Making aggregate length of navigation&ll miles. Ot the above, the Miami, the Miami Exten sion, Warren -Count), and Sidney Feeder, 170 miles navigation, connect directly with Cincin nati. The Cincinnati and Whitewater Canal, not enumerated above, is also neariy ready for navigation, and will extend from Cincinnati 'some 70 or 80 miles into theheart of Indiana. Naval.—We learn from the Philadelphia U. States Gazetie that the Secretary of the Navy contemplates despatching the frigate Brandy urine, three sloops of war, and two gun brigs to the China seas as soon as they can be got ready. The same paper states that Commodore War rington will relieve Commodore Stewart in the command of the Coast Squadron, that Capt. McKeever is to relieve Capt. Stringham on the arrival of the Independence, and that the steam er Missouri will leave Washington soon for Cha gres. ' The Louisville Journal says:—This Tyler Administration has appointed a fellow postmas ter at Dayton, Ohio, who was charged ivith pass ing counterfeit money, several years ago, in Pennsylvania; and the appointee admits, in a card to the public, that the popular feeling was so strong against him in that State, that he was in duced by the advice of a friend, to leave sudden ly. He made his way to Tennessee, resided there ten years, and in 1835 removed to Day ton. This appointment has so incensed the people of that city, that, at a public meetingthey resolved to take the sense ol the community in reference to this outrage, by endorsing on their tickets, at the spring election, “satisfied” or “dis satisfied.” To us there is nothing surprising in Mr. Wick lifl’s appointment of such a miscreant to office. A man, who but recently made it his business to counterfeit Whig principles, may well be expect ed to sympathize with fellows charged with coun terfeiting bank notes. Horrid Murder. —On Friday morning last, between ten and eleven o’clock, a murder of a most atrocious character was committed near Harrisburg, Pa. The dwelling of John Parthe more, sen., was entered by some person or per sons unknown, and he, aged 7’2 years, and his wife, aged 52, were killed, their brains being lit erally beaten out with clubs. A small sum of money, amounting to about S2O in relief notes, was stolen. Two men were suspected, one of whom was arrested and examined. Nothing ap pearing against him, he was released. Suspi cion has also been excited against a near relative of the old people, but no arrest had been made up to the last account. Gallant Capture of a Slaver.—The Per sian, 16, sloop, commander T. N. Eden, appears to be very fortunate in her cruises agains pirates and slavers. Another gallant exploit of an offi cer belonging to this sloop is narrated in a let ter brought to this port by a vessel from the coast ol Africa. The Persian was off Whyuah, in the Bight of Benin, when early in the morn ing of the 17th December, a large suspicious looking vessel was descried at some distance. The master of the Persian, Mr. Birdwood, who was in command ot two boats with a crew of six men each, immediate!}- pushed toward her, and finding that she was desirous to avoid com munication, Mr. B. although with so small a force, determined to board her, and after four hours chase—tugging at the oars under a broil ing sun—the Persian’s boats got alongside.— The vessel in the meantime used every effort to escape. As the boats advanced, she endeavor ed to retard them by using the guns with which she was armed; and when the boats closed she was inclined to make a stout resistance. But the boats’ crews, headed by lhe master, grappled the vessel, fearlessly dashed on board, and in a few- seconds, although their opponents were tre ble in number, and armed with muskets, cut lasses and pistols, drove them below, and estab lished themselves in possession without the loss of a man. They found their prize to be a Por tuguese slaver, a fine brig of 240 tons. She had mounted two long guns, which were, loajlqd with cannister shot, and had a compliment of ■36'men. The prisoners w’ere put on shore at Whydah, and their valuable prize was sent into Sierra Leone for adjudication.— London Times March 13. How to choose a Wife.—The “Patriarch," a magazine just published, offers the following receipt for the selection of a wife : “A place for every thing, and every tiling in its place,” said a patriarch to his daughter.— “ Select a wife, my son, who will never step over a broomstick. ’ ihe son was obedient to the lesson. “Now,” said he, pleasantly, one gay May day, to one of his companions, “I appoint this broomstick to choose me a wife. The young lady who will not step over it shall have the offer 4>f my hand." They passed from a splendid, saloon to lhe grove; same stumbled over the broomstick, and others jumped it. At length a young lady stooped and put it in its place. The promise was fulfilled. Shebecame the wife of an educated and wealthy man, and he the husband of a prudent, industrious’ and lovely wife. He brought a fortune to her, and she knew how to save one. It is not easy to decide which was '.miet the the greatast obliga tions. MONDAY MORNING, APRIL 24. Accident. The Madison Miscellany of Saturday says:- A very distressingaccidentoccurredinourtowi cn Monday morning last. As the boarders o the American Hotel were about passing on from the breakfast table, one of the guards, wbt had arrived from Milledgeville, for the purpost of conveying the convicts to the Penitentiary, took up a pistol in the bar to examine it previous to going to the jail. While in the act of letting down the hammer upon the cap, the pistol wa» discharged, and a young gentleman from Greeni county, Mr. William K. Daniel, received th< entire charge of twenty-one buckshot in hit breast and neck, at a distance ol about five paces. The pistol was a large horse pistol and was heavily charged. Drs. Ogilby and Jones were in immediate at tendance, and though it was at first thought im passible for him to survive, we are happy to state that he is now doing well, with every prospect of a speedy recovery. CjT We have received from S. A. Holmes an extra New World, containing Bulwer’s Pilgrims of the Rhine; also an extra double sheet Broth er Jonathan, containing the adventures of Tom Stapleton, The walks are for sale at the later ary Depot. Steamboat Lost.—The Mobile Herald ofthe 18th inst. says:—lnformation was received in town on Sunday, of the loss of the steamboat Gen. Gaines. She was on her upward trip, and when about two miles below' Selma struck a snag at about 6 o’clock on Friday morning, and sunk in about 10 minutes, to herboiler deck. The boat is a total loss. Up The freshet in the Connecticut, is almost beyond precedent—at least for a number of years. The Hartford Courant of Monday, says the riv er, the evening before, had risen tieenty-onc feet, and was still rising, Commerce street was cover ed with water, and the upper part of Front street was in the same condition. The Courant has a postscript, which says—“ The river has risen a toot and a ha If during thenight, and is still rising.’ Flood in the Hudson.—The Albany Even ing Journal and the Troy Whig state that the water ofthe Hudson at each of those places, had on Monday covered the wharves and dock, and that the river was still rising. At Albany goods had to be moved to the 2d loft of stores upon the river. Mr. Van Buren and the One Term Princi ple.—The Washington Spectator, a Calhoun paper, publishes the following extract from a let ter irom Mr. Van Buren to Mr. Reynolds, of Illi nois, dated March 6th, 1841. Tempora. mutan tu.r, et nos, <f-c. “No tme can expect, or should desire to be always in office under a government and instil idioms like ours, and have I enjoyed that privilege long enough to satisfy my utmost ambilion." Punishment for Seduction.—A case'ofsome interest last week occupied the Circuif Court now in session in Newark, N. J., Chief Justice Hornblotver presiding. It was a suit brought by David Morehouse, a respectable farmer of Morris county, against William Kendall a me chanic ol New Providence in Essex county, for the seduction of his daughter under false preten ces. After a patient trial, during which the de fendants estate was estimated at SI2OO, the jury rendered a verdict of SISOO, which will more than take the whole estate, and leave a balance to be paid by his future earnings. ■Kr The New York Courier intimates that Commander Mackenzie has sued the evlitors of the Journal of Commerce for a libel, it t stating that seven of the Court Martial had beien in fa vor of convicting him of the charge oif murder on the high seas. Steamboat Sunk.—The steamer Douglas, ar rived at New Orleans on the 15th, reports the steamer Bogue Homa sunkin Bayou de Glaize, ten miles above the mouth. She had a full cargo of cotton, most of which will be saved, but the boat will be a total loss. Another Bloody PrizeFight!—There was a brutal prize fight, ot the bloodiest charact-w, on 15th, near Goose Tavern, 15 miles from Phil adelphia, between Freeman, an English bully, and a young brick-maker of the >city named Rusk. They fought 175 rounds, in presence of several hundred persons, who started from a ta vern in Library street. In the 50t) i round, the Philadelphian’s eyes were completely closed, but through the interference of ft-lends, he con tinued to fight, and eventually pi oved victorious. The bet, between thebelligeren tsalone, is stated at SSOO. —.V. Y. Plebian. A Curiosity.—“ Where are: you going?” ask ed Jack of an acquaintance. “To see a friend.” “Well, I’ll go with you, for I never saw one yet.” A Battle Cry.—J. G. Battle, editor of the Caddo Gazette, lately cair,e across a copy of the “Midnight Cry,” upon w hich he was converted to Millerism, and comm enced crying as follows: “The Lord deliver us from wallops and trol lops, tour-footed beas'zs that era wl over lhe mountains, and long-J.egged blue things that fly up and down the creek and holler pyouk!" O” A new motive power has be.tn invented and patented by Mr Baggs, of Cheltenham, Eng land. It consists in the substitution of carbonic acid gas for steam. The Cheltenham Journal speaks of it as qeingof “equal force and im mensely cheapc than steam.” O’ The English Racing Calendar of 602 proprietors of race horses, an d states tha t the number of horses actually narr.ed for stakes and plates in England lor 1843 is J. 484, exclusive of yearlings. A Wreck Found.—The Wreck of lhe Erie, lhe steamboat burnt a year and a h «ls ago, on Ltkc Erie, has been found. The discovery was made by meansofa compass., invented by Capt. Chapin, of New York, constructed so that the needle will indicate when a large body of iron or other metallic substance is in the vicinity, and its direction from the compass. The Death of Mrs. Shelton.—?fhe Vicks burg Sentinel announces the death of Mrs. Shel ton, whose husband lately committo 1 suicide.— The Sentinel says, that she had • suffered the most acute mental torment from the moment she was informed of the melanchol; y end of her husband, and she was never per in itted tobea lone. Her physical organizatit >u . sunk under the moral torture, and she expii ei I in spasms. From the N. O. Tropic q f If th inst. Departure of the Texia a-squadron. On Saturday evening, at 9. /clock the Texian squadron, comprising the slo O p of war .Atetfin, and rhe bng Wharlcfiy leti tl port under the command of Gothmodore E. W.'Moore Thev were towed from their mot trings to the Baltrc by towboat Lion. We are pleased to stafie be th vessels were well manned and amply furnished with provisions and muniti »;ns fora long cruise. The officers and men were i; x high spirits and we trust it will be in our row er, when next we hear from them, to record a t rilliant victo rv up on the deep sea, over the sub :le and tread terous foes they seek. We cannot state positive lv,but we are informed that the sqo adron will to dch at Galveston on its voy age to Campeachy. The The fate of the San Antonio mutineers wi 11 not be disclosed until the squadron sets sail up on the Gulf of Mexico. We are truly rejoiced that Com. Moore, alter his protracted delay it t this port, has embarked, under the most flat; ering auspices. The sloop and the brig bear upon their decks a band of brave and gallant si tirits, who will doubtless make vip in active and bold exploits for the long period of inactivity at id re pose forced upon them by circumstances. May success attend their path, and a halo of 1 taval glory encircle the lone star of Texas. Sloop of war Austin, bearingthe broad p< ®ant of Com. E. W. Moore— mounts 29 gun: l 24 pounders. The Texas brig o f war Wharton, mouxo.- * 16 , guns—lß poutidevs Excellent.—At a tirenien’s celtbiaucn, in Massachusetts, the subjoined toast was drunk: “Firemen—A privileged class, who always ind a warm reception and a welcome at every fireside." Hr We are indebted to S. A. Holmes, the Agent for this city, for the two first Nos. ot the New Mirror, edited byG. P. Morris and N. P. Willis. The Mirror is published in an octavo form, on an entirely novel plan, each No. embellished with an original design on steel, and at the reduced price of $3 per annum. Specimen numbers may be seen at the Lite rary Depot. The Cholera.—The cholera broke out on board the British war steamer Zenobia, which left Bombay for Kurrachee on the 34 Septem ber. Eighteen deaths occurred the first day the vessel was at sea, and on reaching Kurrachee, it appeared that 54 persons had died, 25 remain ing alarmingly ill. The crew also suffered se verely—ten seamen andj one engineer having died. The scenes on board are said to have been heart-rending—women in a slate of ex treme sickness clinging to their dead husbands, and children grasping the bodies of their moth ers. So many shot were expended in sinking the corpses, that pieces of coal were al last made use of. * Cotton Goods.—The Boston Mail states that 14,000,000 yards of cotton goods were sold in that city on the 14tb, in consequence of the late China news. HrWashington Irving has prepared for the press an extensive view of the expulsion of the Moors from Spain. Arrest of the Britisb Consul at Mobile. —A personal altercation occurred a few days ago in Mobile between Col. Fitzgerald, the Brit ish Consul at that port, and Thos. Stringer, Esq., Justice of the Peace, relative to certa.in legal proceedings against a man charged with steal ing a boat irom the British ship Elizabeth. Thereupon a warrant was issued on complaint of Mr. Stringer, and the Consul was summoned to answer before the Mayor to the charge of “riotous and disorderly conduct." Col. Fitzger ald tvas atrested ou Thursday and incarcerated in the same cell with a British sailor accused of mutiny and confined there by order ofthe Con sul. His pockets were searched and he was treated in every respect like a common culprit. Protesting against this treatment, he was told he would be admitted to bail, which, however, he declined, and after an hour’s confinement, he was brought before the Mayor, wh® imposed a fine of S2O on him, which was immediately dis charged by several respectable citizens. It is said that a full statement of the case has been transmitted to Mr. Fox at Washington.— Tlie Herald speaks ofthe utter lack of courtesy which distinguished the enlire proceeding in be coming terms of reprobation.— N. O. Bee. Loss of ship Cornubia.—By the Acadia steamer, accounts were brought over respecting the total wreck of the splendid first class packet ship the Cornubia, Commander Bell, belonging to Liverpool, during a heavy gale of wind, while on her outward passage io the United States. The passage, after leaving Liverpool, appears to have been exceedingly severe, the ship en countering a series or terrific, gales, and neing more than once, in crossingthe Atlantic, nearly crashed to pieces by immense ice bergs. At a bout 2 o’clock on the morning of the 11th of Feb ruary, she became a wreck, about 17 miles west of Atacalema Lighthouse. Directly the ship struck, the crew exerted every nerve to get her off, but the sea and wind, which were tremen dous at the time, prevented them, and she soon commenced to break up. The commander re mained on board as long as he possibly eould. He had previously had the ship’s boats hoisted overboard, and finding there were no hopes of preventing the destruction of the vessel, he left her tc the mercy of the tempest. In making for the shore, the boat which he was in capsized, and the whole of those in her would have in evitably perished, but for the promptness dis played bv the rest of the ship’s crew in the other Coats. By the time'they were picked up they were almost exhausted. Upon the British Con sul being apprised of the disaster, he forthwith directed Her Majesty’s steam frigate Ardent to proceed to the wreck, in order, if possible, to save a portion of the materials; but on her arrival, such was the position in which the ship lay that it was dangerous to go near her. Since then, it is said, the vessel has has gone to pieces and dis appeared. Her cargo was a most valuable one, consisting of merchandise and goods of every description, and is stated to have been worth from £12,000 to £15,000. The total loss is not far short ot twenty thousand pounds.— Liverpool paper. The Great Valley of the Mississippi. In the Report made by Mr. Barrow of Lou isiana from the Committee on Commerce, in the Senate of the United States, during the past 1 session; some statistics are given relative to the trade and resources of the Mississippi River and Valley. We avail ourselves of a digest of . this Report, prepared by the Baltimore Ameri- j can, believing with it, that the recapitulation , will be useful, since it is altogether probable that many of us in the Atlantic States arc really ' unacquainted with the actual extent and grow- j ing greatness of that vast region whose produc- . tiveness, yet in its early stages, is now supply- J ing, and must continue in still greater degrees ( to supply the materials of a commerce already . gre at arid likely to become unequalled in rich ness, variety and amount. The area of the Mississippi Valley includes sonne five or six hundred thousand square miles, watered by about twenty great tributaries of its i chief stream. The soil of this immense region | is fertile; and stretching from the twenty-ninth degree of latitude up to the forty-seventh, it yields in lavish abundance almost every varie ty of p reduction necessary to human wants. The .extent of practicable steam navigation within t.hese limits is not less than twenty thou sand mikes. Fifty years ago the mighty streams affording these facilities, glided through unbro ken foreste, or wild prairies. Painted savages stood upon the banks and saw their grim fea tures in the water; the only vessel that skimmed their surface was the bark canoe. At present the re gion comprises nine States and two Ter ritories,. with a population of near seven mil lions. , . . Before the introduction of steam navigation, which dal“ s upon the waters of the Mississippi about 1817, the trade of the upper Mississippi and Missouri scarcely existed; and lhe whole upward comi nerve of New Orleans was con veyed in about twenty barges, carrying each about on hundr ?d tons, and making but one trip a year. Each v.iyage in those days was about equivalent to an t «st India or China voyage now. On the uppt’r Ohio about one hundred and fifty keel boats tvere employed, each about thirty tons burden; thiT made the trip to and iro between Pittsburg an<* Ltruisville, about three times a year. The entire tonnage of the boats moving in the Ohio and lower Mississippi was then about 6,500 tons, in 1834 the steam navi gation of the Misssissipni had risen lo 230 boats, and a tonnage of 39,000, while about 90,000 persons were estimated to be employed in the trade, either as crews, builders, woodcut ters, or loaders of the vessels. In 1842 the navigation was as follows. There were 450 steamers, averaging each 200 tons, and making an agregatc tonnage of 90,0110; so that it has a good deal more than doubled in eightyears. Valued at SBO the ton, they cost above $7,000,000 and are navigated by nearly 16,000 persons, at thirty-five to each. Besides these steamers there are about 4,000 flatboats, which cost each SIOO, are managed by five hands apiece, (or 20,000 persons,) and make an annual expense of $1,38u,000. Tne estimated annual expense of the steam navigation, inclu ding 15 per cent for insurance and 20 per cent for wear and tear, is $13,618,000. If in 1834 they employed an agregate of 90.000 persons, they must now pccupy.at least 18O.OQ0. The steamers running from New Orleans to the more distant points in the great valley make from eight to fifteen trips a year; while those carrying the fade from Pittsburgh, Cine nnati and Louisville t 0 St. Louis perform some thir ty annual trips Others run between still near er ports, and make more frequent voyages. At I an average of twenty voyages a year, the col : lec’ive aunual freight ot this; steamers on thr Western waters would be 1,800,000 tons. If > 4.000 flat boats, each of seventy-five tons, be added, it will apjiear that the total annual freight i o f the navigation on these waters exceeds two • millions of tons. 1 t The value of the downward trade to New Or ; leans is estimated at $120,000,000 annually; the t upward or return trade is reckoned at about , $100,000,000. Thus the entire value of th< ; commodities conveyed on the waters of thi i Mississippi amounts upon the best estimates t< :, the enormous sum of two hundred and twenti d millions of dollars per annum. This amouri :- is but thirty millions less than the entire value y of the foreign trade of the United States, ex il ports and imports, in 1841. This vast trade has grown up and expanded H at little or no expense lo the nation in the waj 14 of facilitating or protecting it. In behalf o' our foreign commerce the Government build: .6 light botuee and forttfioartona; prepares harbors; maintalnr a navy: reganb* it in the fiegetiatkm* VOLIVn.-NO. 17. ot treaties. The report pievats strongly the claims of our eternal Western trade to Use at tention of the Government. At its prodigious rate of growth it must soon outstrip utterly our foreign commarce. Not one-tenth of the Anile lands ol t ie great Mississippi Valley is yet cupied; the resources of that immense region are comparatively untouched. W hat will not the next ten years exhibit in new developments of national wealth in that quarter? An appropriation of one million of dollars is asked by the committee for the improvement of the navigation of the Mississippi and its princi pal tributaries. The annual losses oil these riv ers average as much as the amoun' here called tor. It is further stated that the amount paid for insurance on the Westerea steamboats alone, without including their cafroes, is equal to the proposed appropriation; and a great part ot the •- mount thus paid is required on aecouni of the dangers ofthe navigation. It was not in vain that these forcible represen tations were made to Congress. An appropria tion was voted for removing obstructions firem the Western rivers; but the amount, ire believe, was less than the sum asked for by the Senate’s committee. It will no doubt henceforth be a part of the policy of the Government to take due eare of the vast inland trade of the country, as well as of our foreign commerce. Iff Owt fair readers will no doubt read with interest the following which is copied from a pa per edited and published by the Lowell Factory girls. “From whence originated the idea that it was derogatory to a lady’s dignity, or a blot upon the female character, to labor'! and who was the first to say, sneeringly, “Oh, she works far a living?” Surely such ideas and expreaaioue ought not to grow on Republican soil. Th® time has been, when ladies of the first rank were accustomed to busy themselves in domestic em ployment. Homer tells us of princeceee who usea to draw water from the spnngs, and wash with their own hands the finest of the linen ot their families. The famous Lucretia used to spin in the midst of her attendants; and the wife of Ulysese, after the siege of Troy, employed her self in weaving until her husband returned to Ith ica. And in latter times, the wife of George 111, of England, has been represented as spending an evening in hemming pocket handkerchiefs, while her daughter Mary aat in a corner darn ing her stockings. Few American fortunes will support a woman who is above the calls of her family; and a man of sense, in choosing a com panion to jog with him thiough all the up-hilis of life, would sooner choose one who thought it beneath her to soil her pretty hands with manual labor, although she possessed her thousands. To be able to earn one’s living by laboring with her own hands, should be reckoned among female accomplishments: and I hope the time is not far distant when none of my countrywomen will be ashamed to have it known that they are batter versed in usefulness, than they are in mental ac complishments.” Charity begins at Hama. “The celebrated John Randolph, on a visit to a female triend, found her surrounded with bar seamstresses, making up a quantity of clothing. “What w®rk have you on hand ?" “Ob,»ir3 am preparing this clothing to sand to Um poor Greeks. ’ On taking leave, at the steps ot the mansion, he saw some of her servants in need of the very clothing which their tender-hearted mistress was sending abroad. He exclaimsd, “Madam, madam, the GfeeJtsareatytwdoer f Upon which, the Savannah Republican re marks : Here was administered a delicate, yet well merited rebuke to that long-sighted benevolsaee which sweeps the distant horizon for objects of compassion, but is blind as a bat to the wretch edness and destitution abounding at its ewt doors. How spurious is that philanthropy of modern days, which requires a grand stage ®i fect before it can be brought into exercise, that gad-about benevolence, which some one has li kened to that sort ®f pitiful ostentation whfrh induces an Irish gentleman to ask every body he meets to dinner, when he has not dinner enough for his own family at home. It is to this excursive humanity—this trans marine benevolence, that we owe the industri ous efforts of so many is this country and across the water, who take into their select sympathies the miseries of our colored population, and who, while the severest distress remains unrelieved at their own doors—while their fellow-cotuxry men are starving at their very gales, walk to the other end nf the earth in search nt focaign wretchedness. Os these people’s charity, it cannot be alleged like that of “Joseph Surface,” in the "School for Scandal,” “that it is of that domestic nature that it never stirs abroad,” it is never any where seen but abroad, it demands “a kingdom tor a stage.” To it we are indebted for “World Convention Societies,” and “Timbuctoo Asso ciations,” and all that expansive philanthropy which casts about for exotics, to the utter neg lect of its own indigenous sufferers. Extensive benevolence is the last and most perfect fruit of charity at home, so that to ex pect to reap the former from disdain of the Ut ter, is to oppose the means to the end, and is as futile as to nope to arrive at the summit of sci ence by neglecting the elemenls of knowledge. A Nice Law Point.—ln publishing the death ofWiliiam Ayres, ofthe borough of Butler, Uie Pittsburgh American says: “A nice legal question, and one ol much ife portance. will arise from the circumstance of this gentleman’s death taking place at the lime it did. Gen. Ayres was never married, but left an illegitimate son, who was to heir his estate; and neglecting to make any will, he applied to the Legislature to have his son legitimatized, and an act to that effect was passed and approv ed on the 4th inst. at about 12 o’clock. Gen. A. died at 4 o’clock in the morningof the same day. The question naturally arises is the son legiti matized ? The property left is about $200,000. There are numerous collaterate heirs.” Drunkenness Defined. —As the efforts of the temperance societies have well nigh banished drunkennes from the land, we preserve the fol lowing definition, from an old magazine, for the benefit of posterity: Drunk, a. [from drink.]— Over lhe bay, half seas over, hot, high, comed, cut, cocked, h«M' cocked, shaved, disguised, jammed, sleepy, dam aged, tired, snuffy, whipped, just so, breesy, smoky, poopy, topheavy, high fuddled, grugg,’, tipsey, smashed, swipy, slewed, crank, sailed down, how fare ye, on the lee lurch, all sails sei, three sheets in the wind, well under way, sproo ing, battered, blowing, boozy, sawed, snubbed, braised, screwed, stewed, soaked, comfortable, t stimulated, jug-steamed, tangle-legged, hawk eyed, phlegm-cut, fogmatic, blue-eyed, a passen ger in the Cape Ann stage, striped, boozy, all over the bay.iaint, shot in the neck, bamboozled, week-jointed, sick. Another Wonder. —The “People’s Friend” of April Ist, published at Covington, Ind., says; We have been credibly infirmed that a lady in this place, ot unimpeachable character, saw “a bloody sickle" suspended in the heavens om night this week. Having occasion to getup out ot her bed to attend to her children, who were indisposed, about the hour of midnight, she looked up and was viewing the planetary region, and behold this extraordinary phenome non riveted her attention. This year has eer tainly been one of the most remarkable that lhe history of lhe world has on record. If one of these sight seeing people should happen one of these days to glance at a looking glass and discover a perfect representation of a jackass, it may safely be concluded that lhe world is near its end, and no mistake.— Tropic. State of the AUGUSTA INSURANCE AND RANKING COMPANY, on Monday, M Apnl, 1843. DR. Capital stocks37s,ooo 00 Deposiies22,B2o 96 Notes pay able2,Bol 78 Dividend unpaid3oo 00 Surplus and gross profits39,97s 38 Time checks * .. 36,000 00 Due to Banksand Agents.. ... 14,497 16 Bills issuedre.. . .712,723 W On band- and in hands of agentssl9,426 00 In circulation2oo,297 00 691,192 28 CR. No’es di’counted and City 80nd... 107,817 42 Bibs and no.es lying 0ver31,572 28 do in 5uit40,206 36 do receivable 39,6B9 23 Steamboatsl,o4s 00 - locks owneu by the bankßl,B47 24 Protest account43s 50 iteal estate in Augusta and M0bi1e..31,595 83 Exchange in N. York, Charleston and Savannahloo,9s7 83 Insurance dues .3,876 28 Due by banks and agents22,7l2 48 Advances on cottonlol,3B6 XI Central Bank notes, valued at 1,058 99 Bills of other b’ks (spe- cie pay in?)64,531 00 Gold and sil ver in vault 59,299 17 Do in transitu.3,l6l 34-62,460 51-126.991 51 691,192 22 Estimate al ifoubtfnj debts not rbarged to two 1 and tare 92.566 33.