Newspaper Page Text
2
Chronicle anU sentinel.
AUGUSTA.
TUESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 8.
FOR GOVERNOR,
GEORGE W. CRAWFORD.
FOR CONGRESS,
ALEXANDER H. STEPHENS.
Election an the first Monday in October.
"Let me not be misunderstood—and. 1 entreat
/rStec
THVF I AM FOR ABIDING
BY THE PRINCIPLES OF THE COM
PROMISE ACT. I am for doing what no
Southern man of fair candid mind ever yet de
nied—giving to the country a revenue which may
■provide for the economical wants of the Govern
ment and at the same time giving incidental pro
tection to our home industry." —Spee h of Henry
Clay in the U. S. Senate,'March 1,1842.
Mr. Calhoun is certainly not a demagogue by
nature, hence his occasional attempts in that
way are, sometimes, rather ludicrous. For in- ,
stance, in one of his celebrated speeches in the ,
Senate last winter, it became necessary to throw ,
his banner to the breeze, inscribed with the mot
to under which his friends might rally in his
support for the Presidency of 1844— hence, the ,
origin of his memorable words “free trade, j
low duties, &c.”
Some of his Northern friends, more skilled in (
gulling the people than himself, thought they (
perceived a slight inconsistency in the foregoing
words, and deeming it impossible for free trade ,
to exist whilst any duties at all were levied, took
the liberty of changing their banner so as to f
read, “Free Trade and no Duties* meaning, (
thereby, to convey the idea of a complete and (
entire abolition of the Custom Houses, and the (
abandonment of the impost system.
In this predicament, seems to have been the
Free Trade Association of New York, when
Mr. Woodbury (Mr. C’s candidate for the Vice
Presidency) was called on to expound the true
meaning of his great leader.
In his recent lecture before that body, Mr. W.
says:—
“The true practical motto, then, where taxa
tion becomes necessary to maintain an econo
mical administration of the government, is not
free trade and no duties, but free trade and. low
duties-, the latter being no higher than what is
required for revenue alone, and only in due
proportion to the tax which is generally impos
ed on other property in the country, under our
mixed form of government, &c.”
This is certainly adding mist to moon-shine;
for, if the people illy understood Mr. Calhoun’s '
system before, it must now be involved in im
penetrable gloom. The truth is, however, the
New Yorkers are right, only they have jumped
to the conclusion too soon for Mr. Calhoun and
the other advocates of a system of direct taxa- 1
lion.
The effort of Mr. Woodbury is only a lame 1
attempt to confuse the public mind, by present
ing a complication of systems; and, in his anx
iety to confuse, he has fallen into most inexpli
cable jargon. His system is this— “ Free trade,
with law duties, so high as to serve for an economi
cal revenue."
The Free Trade Association of New York
must have been highly pleased with such an
able and lucid exposition of the new theory of
their anti-tariff friend. Mr. Van Buren may
now cease all his efforts at slipping and sliding.
He is completely cast into the shade by this
last and greatest of efforts on the part of his Ex-
Secretary.
The question of Direct Taxation is one of
graver import, and should Mi. Calhoun succeed
in the Convention, and become a candidate for
the Presidency, it will become the all-absorbing
one of the country. It is time for the people to
begin to consider it in advance, that they may
be able to respond properly and advisedly when
it is presented. To this subject, then, we shall '
occasionally direct their attention, pending the
present campaign.
The Poor School Fund.—The Milledgeville
Journal says:—“For the two last sessions of the
Legislature, the Democratic Party have had the
full control of both branches, the Senate and the
House of Representatives. The responsibility
therefore of not providing a fund for the educa
tion of poor children of our State, rests exclu
sively with them. Why has this subject been
neglected*? Is there a State in the whole Union
no matter what may be its embarrassments that
has been thus neglectful of a solemn duty?
Democratic rule took from the peole, in the first
instance, this fund; and our Democratic rulers
appear to have no inclination to restore it. Let
the party answer to the people for their act, in
depriving the poor, in the first instance, of the
benefits of education, and for neglecting to make
provision for the future I But enough—a word
to the wise is sufficient.”
From the New York Tribune of the 4th.
Arrest of Pirates.
David Babe and George Matthews, two of
the pirates and murderers recently belonging to
the Sarah Lavinia, were arrested at the house of
Mr. Knowles, No. 7 Washington street, yestei
day morning, and are now in custody ot the U.
S. Marshal. They are both young men. Babe
is said to be a native ol England, and Matthews
belongs to Maryland. They had an accomplice
named William Webster, who has nut been ar
rested, and is supposed to have gone to Phila
delphia. :
The pirates landed about 8 miles below New- j
port, R. 1., (on the opposite shore) on Saturday
night and gave the boat, the schooner’s com
pass, and S4J in money next morning to be put
over to Newport. Here they remained during ,
Sunday at the tavern of Mr. Knight. At 5
o’clock in the afternoon they took the boat for
Providence, and next day crossed the railroad
for Stonington and arrived here in the steam
boat Massachusetts on Tuesday morning.
C'vrrispendcTice of the Baltimore American.
We were in hopes to have been able by this
opportunity to have advised some important
change in the state of public affai rs, and although
indications of a change still continue, nothing
decisive has yet been done. About 2500 French,
Italians and Germans have taken up arms and
compose a very formidable addition to the de
fence of the place. General Rivera is at no
great distance with the greater part of his forces,
and is probably only waiting a convenient op
portunity to make a general Oribe, a Buenos
Ayrean General, who has intrenched himself
within sight of the city.
Such an event is much to be desired, for to
whichever side victory may incline the result
must be beneficial to the commerce of the place.
' The present stagnation of trade, the utter im
possibility ot collecting outstanding debts, and
the entire absence < t confidence are circumstan
ces which if continued much longer will be fol
lowed by consequences that we fear will prove
generally ruinous.
J. CL Adams in Western N. York State.
—The inhabitants of the towns in the western
part of New York are showing great attention to
John Quincy Adams, in the progress of his tour
to the lakes. At Buffalo, on Wednesday, the
concourse of people to receive him was very
great. Mr. Fillmore addressed Mr. Adams,
who replied and spoke warmly of the naturhl
advantages of Buffalo and the wonders in its
vicinity. Mr. A. left on Thursday for Roches
ter, where a similar reception awaited him. He
there spoke for three quarters of an hour, and
was followed by the Hon. Francis Granger. Af
ter visiting the flouring mills, manulactories,
cemetery, Ac., he returned to the Eagle Tav
ern, and was there called on by the ladies, in
in receiving whom he spent the evening.—Bal
timore Sun.
O-The Editor of the Petersburg Republican
enacts the Nestor of the Democracy, with very
considerable grace.—He says:
We tell the Richmond Enquirer that his cor
respondents are driving the Democratic party
to disunion; the three last numbers of that pa
per teem with objectionable matter; and how
long is it that we shall be able to say to our cor
respondents, keep the peace; already have we
drawn the rein tightly on some whose distinction
and experience entitle them to advise us, rather
than to be advised by us. We do ask the En
quirer in the name of our party, we adjure him
by all our hopes of success, to be more careful in
inserting the violent productions of reckless par
tizans, as well as the thoughtless articles, of the
hot headed, though honest enthusiast. “Senex”
we would give as a sample of the last, the New
Yerk sorrespondent affords a not to be admired
illustration of the former. There is no hope of
electing either Mr. Calhoun or Mr. Van Buren,
if through the violence of their personal friends,
the supporters of one should commit themselves
against the other. It is then an awful responsi
bility which that man assumes who either direct
ly or indirectly leads to such a result; we shall
do all we can to prevent it, and if our efforts fail,
if we are destined to see the Democratic party
ruined and powerless, not from the blow of the
common enemy, but from the violence of its in
testine convulsions, we shall have at least the
consolation of knowing that with us the words
of harmony and consolation have not been the
lip service of the hypocrite, but the true rule ot
action, the real guide of our Editorial course.
The Southern Quarterly Review.
The mechanical execution of this work is of
the first order, though there are some incontesti
ble evidences of carelessness on the part of its
proof reader. The contents are judiciously va
ried and the articles generally speaking, ably
written. It has occurred to us, however, that
the work is somewhat deficient in the power of
condensation, which is certainly a capital virtue
in a Review. There is too much attention paid
to/ne writing and too little to the collation of
facts and information.
The July No. is not so obnoxious to the
charge of political bias as its predecessors—
though we are still sorry to see in its leading
article the statement that the Southern “sympa
thises with the Democratic Review in the lead
ingviews, and concurs in most of its doctrines
on finance and politics.” From this we infer
the Review is destined, if it is not intended, to
be the organ ol the Aristocratic Democracy of
the country; by which we mean the South Caro
lina wing of the agrarian army, professing the
general principles ot ultra democracy, but de
crying them in their details and their practical
operation; composed however of materials des
tined we think, from the force of circumstances
—their inherent patriotism—their love of order
—their clear perception of right and justice,
and their abhorrence of political huxtering, ’ere
long, to separate from the Democratic forces
proper and to form a distinct political associa
ciation, without even the capacity of holding
the balance of power.
But this is to be regretted. The Review
should not follow the lead of similar works in
England. Its province should be the dissemi
nation of correct and useful information—its
object should be to counteract and control party
spirit and political rancor, instead of becoming
the instrument of partizan warfare and the ad
vocate of any man’s pretensions, or the expo
ponent of the views and tenets of any associa
ted clique. This we do not charge upon the
Review at present, but fear it will be the neces
sary consequence of the course it is at present
pursuing. We regret this the more from the
fact that we desire to see some such work sus
tained in the South, and would gladly bestow
upon it our unstinted commendation.
Merchants’ Magazine.
Contents of August No.— l. Sandwich Islands.
2. Progress of Population and Wealth in the
United States in 50 years. 3. New York Rail
ways. 4. Inland Navigation of New York and
Trade of Erie Canal. 5. Commerce of the
Mississippi. 6. Free Trade —Mr. Woodbury’s
views of the Tariff. 7. Mercantile Biography—
Life of Jacob Ridgeway. 8. Story on Bills of
Exchange.
Such are the leading articles of the work, all
of which abound in information alike useful
and necessary to the Merchant and general
reader. But this is not all. Then follow
1. The Mercantile Law Department, contain
ing reports of cases decided in the several Courts
of Law and Admiralty, and which ought to be
familiar to mercantile gentlemen.
2. The Monthly Commercial Chronicle, or re
marks upon the sales and prices of Real and
Personal Estate, Goods, Stocks, &c., and the
amount and value of exports and imports.
3. Commercial Regulations, which in this No.
comprises the Rates and Duties at St. Johns.
4. Valuation of Real and Personal Estate in
New York from 1828 to 1842.
5. Steam Boat and Rail Road statistics.
6. Statistics of Population.
7. Commercial Statistics.
8. The Book Trade, or a brief notice of the
new works which have been issued from the
press during the current month.
We have often said and now repeat it, that
we know of no work superior to the Merchants’
Magazine, either for the soundness of its views
or the correctness and extent of its information.
Southern Literary Messenger.
This work for August appears under the aus
pices of B. B. Minor, Esq., its new editor and
proprietor. We have not had leisure to exam
ine the various articles with which its pages are
stored, but judging from the table of contents,
we should think the work will in future be sus
tained in a manner alike creditable to the editor,
and satisfactory to the patrons and friends ol his
lamented predecessor. ,
North Carolina.—The election in this State
took place on the 3rd. Nine members of Con
gress are to be chosen. We have no means of
judging the probable result. In 1840, this State
gave a majority of 12,594 for Harrison. Last
year, Morehead, Whig, was re-elected Govern
or by a majority of 4745. If, therefore, the State
had been fairly districted, the Whigs ought to
have elected a majority of the members of Con
gress This has not been the case however.
The State has been most unfairly gerryman
dered—and the result is very doubtful. The
gallant Stanly is a candidate for re-election in
t he Washington district, and Kenneth Rayne r
in the Currituck district, where the Loco Foco
Legislature have endeavored to prepare for
them sure defeat, but where the result is not
hopeless. We shall have full returns in a little
more than a week. Four Whigs out of nine
are said to be all we can hope for.
Wilmington, N. C., August 4.
Yesterday the election for members of Con
gress took place in this State, and we suppose
that in many of the districts great efforts were
made both by the Democrats and Whigs. In
In this district the opposition to Gen. McKay
was considered sb insignificant, that the Demo
cratic strength was not brought out; we judge
this to have been the case throughout the dis
trict, from the small number of votes taken at
this place. We cannot give our readers the
exact number of votes polled, as we were com
pelled to put our paper to press before the votes
were counted.
The vote at 5 o’clock was for McKay, dem.
123, and for Leach, whig, 21.— Messenger.
Jj’The Hon. C. A. Wickliffe, Postmas
ter General, returned to Washington from
Baltimore on the 41h inst., and we learn
from the Madisonian that he is entirely free from
pain, and rapidly recovering from the effects of
his wound.
O" We are indebted to S. A. Holmes fora
copy of the New World extra, containing a
novel by the Countess of Blessington, entitled
“Meredith."
Imitation Watches.—The New York Sun
cautions the public that an immense number of
‘imitation gold watches’ have been recently im
ported from Europe, which, from being gilt by
the galvanic process, so nearly resemble the
genuine article as to be well calculated to deceive
any but a very experienced eye. Traders in
such articles had therefore better keep a good
lookout.
J. J. Blackwood, Esq., of Charlotte, N. C.
has been elected Cashier of the Bank of Ham
burg, S. C., to enter on duty in October next.
Factory Stock.—A Boston merchant informs
us that factory stocks have arisen one third on
the par value. Stocks which were much de
pressed, so as not to be worth more than a third
of the par, which was the case with many of the
establishments, have doubled in value. People
begin to see the land, and that makes all the dif
ference in the world. T.iere is a great deal
more land to be seen before another year has
passed away. The capitalists of England will
probably be able to see land in America before
long, and then they will think it worth while to
change two per cents for six per cents of better
quality. But, fbr the present prices here are not
high enough to command theirconfidence, though
they do take a few bonds of New Yoik,
Ohio, and other unquestioned States in a quiet
way.— N. Y. Jour. Com.
A Picture for Sympathy.—The “Dime,”
published at Louisville, relates the following af
fecting incidents:
As we were walking up Jefferson street, a
few days ago, we were met by a carriage, in
which was a coffin, from the size of which it
was supposed to contain the body of a child
some four or five years old. At the head of it
sat a very interesting lady, in appearance about
30 years of age; at its foot, two children, a boy’
and a girl, were seated, the former about six
years of age, the latter some two years older—all
•lothed in the deepest mourning, and overpower
ed by grief. The singularity ot the scene, and
the respectable appearance of the mounter*, at
tracted our attention, and induced us to make
inquiries upon the subject. We learned that
she lost herhusband in 1840, since which time
she has been residing with the family of a well
known citizen, living in the upper part of the
city. She was then wending her' lonely way
unattended save by the helpless orphans before
her—to the grave-yard, to bury her youngest
child. She is connected with a fashionable
church in this city; some ot the members of
which attended the funeral service, but permit
ted the poor heart-broken w’idow to convey the
body of her child to the grave, unattended, and
with none to soothe or console her in this hour
of dark adversity. Is this the religion of the Re
deemer";
From the Baltimore American.
Democratic Harmony.
The unity and concord now existing among
the “democracy” are exactly proportionate to
the degree ol identity which marks their prin
ciples. We have made repeated attempts to
discover what were the principles of the “de
mocracy” but have been able to find nothing ex
cept the’ Sub-Treasury, in which all sections of
the party agree. This appears to be the only
positive thing recognized among them. There
is indeed a community ot feeling in respect to
many negative tendencies, a propensity to de
stroy, to change, to experiment, without any fix
ed purpose or ultimate object is common enough.
Thus the party is beotou overthrowing the Ta
riff—but the mask of them have no understand
ing as to the system which should be substituted
in the place ot it; they do not know how far
their destructive intent is to go ; they have no
definite ideas on the subject.
The truth is that the party, taken in the ag
gregate, is utterly incompetent to govern the
country. Its incompetency has been proved.—
Its leaders, many of them, are men of good
sense; but having set out to court popularity,
having accustomed themselves to the notion that
implicit acquiescence to the popular humor, or
to what is deemed such, is indispensable to the
preservation of their influence, they are not in
a condition to exercise their own judgment free
ly. No one need doubt that Gen. Jackson, who
was a Lader per .w, had adopted a course so as
to give to the “dt mocracy” a system of meas
ures directly opposile to the course he took, that
the party now would be “in concatenation ac
cordingly.” But the party hasnot a Gen. Jack
son now; and until it gets one it must, as a
matter of necessity, keep on as it best can in the
direction which the dictator gave it. It knows
not how to alter its course itself, and there is no
leader who can venture to take the responsibili
ty of ordering a new turn. Hence the progress
is somewhat tumultuous and confused. The
various sections here and there, push on, each
believing that it is following the true democrat
ic tendency—but there is no common understan
ding—no organ of general, undisputed authori
ty—no system —no comprehensive principle.
To illustrate the degree of harmony prevail
ing in this incongruous mass it is only necessa
ry to quote some passages from the leading jour
nals of the party. The Richmond Enquirer at
tempts to interpose “the wand ot peace” in a
manner somewhat like that of a bailiff in a court
room, who, in his efforts to preseive silence,
makes more noise than all others. To the ex.
postulation of this peace-maker, the Washing
ton Spectator, a Calhoun paper, says:
“We are for peace, but when attacks, open
or insidious, are made upon 'our candidates or
ourselves, we will repel them at whatever haz
ard. Harmony in the party cannot be preserv
ed while unjust aspersions upon the conduct
and motives of its prominent members are per
mitted to be made by its self-styled organ, and
threats made that those who “kick out of the
traces,” will be “run over roughshod, and tram
pled in the dust, to rise no more into political
preferment.” For our own parts, we think open,
undisguised, and honorable warfare now, prefer
able to a treacherous truce, which will inevita
bly result in open hostilities at a more critical
period.”
The “self-styled organ” here alluded to, is the
Globe, and the passage from which partial quo
tations are made, runs thus in the original, as it
appeared in that exponent of Van Buren De
mocracy :
“Some few of the would-be-leaders may kick
out of the haces, and give us some little trouble,
but they will soon be ‘run over rough shod,’ and
trampledin the dust, to rise no more into politi
cal preferment. They will miss us as much as
we shall miss them; and we are as ready to see
them kick as they are willing to kick. We
think we may safely promise those who may
kick out of the traces, that they never will kick
back again. The party must be purified, now
and then, to make a peace-offering, and we would
much rather see self-immolation ihun victims be
ing dragged to the stake.”
We are now dealing in quotations in order
that the democratic organs may be allowed to
speak for themselves in our columns. We
know not any better way to show the harmony
which prevails in the party. The following
resolution was adopted at a Democratic Con
ventionin Chatauque county, New York:
Resolved, That any attempt by the public
press or individuals, to lessen or sever the high
regard of the Democratic party of this State for
their distinguished fellow-citizen, Martin Van
Buren, can only be viewed as treason to the
Democratic principles we profess.
The Missouri Standard, which belongs to the
same school of Democracy, accords with the
spirit of this resolution, and says:
“We wish to see Mr. Van Buren supported
as the candidate of the united Democracy of
Missouri—of the Union—in opposition to the
candidate of any one, or all the fragments of
Federalism.”
Here the inference is irresistible, that such
portions of the democracy as support any other
candidate than Mr. Van Buren, do not belong
to Democracy at all, but are “fragments of Fed
eralism.” The Spectator regards this language
as “tolerably plain,” and thinks that the friends
of Calhoun, Buchanan, Johnson and Cass, (Mr.
, Tyler is not mentioned) would do well to sub
mit at once with becoming;deference. That
journal, however, takes occasion to quote from
the Petersburg Republican, which is said to be
“doing good service in the cause of De nocracy”
—meaning Calhoun democracy. The Repub
lican says:
“We have looked upon the course of the
Globe fbr the last three months with deep regret;
for the last few weeks, our regret has been min
gled with indignation; but we forbore to pull off
the mask, which it still affected to wear. The
same course has been pursued by all the press
es favorable to Mr. Calhoun; and, so far as our
observation extends, by those of the other can
didates ; the Globe has now itself, in the lan
guage of the Spectator, “thrown off the flimsy
veil of affected impartiality;” and were its con
duct not calculated to distract the party, we
should rejoice in it; a thousand times rather had
we meet an open enemy, than a false friend.”
It would be easy to multiply quotations of
this kind, showing the jealousies and dissentions
now distracting the diversified “democracy”—
but we have not room for more, nor are more
necessary for this purpose. To the Whigs
alone can the country look for good government,
for a definite system of policy, for consistency
of action. This is becoming more and more
evident every day.
Cole, the Boston Forger.—On Saturday,
the 29th, being the day assigned for examining
the witnesses against Charles Cole, Jr., for
forging the signatures of Samuel Mansur and
Richard Martin to three notes of hand, Mr.
Cole was brought into court, by Mr. Coolidge,
the jailer, but he consented to have the cases
sent up to the Municipal Court at once. The
bonds on each were fixed at S2OO0 —the same
as in the other five cases, which were similarly
disposed of the week before last. Mr. Cole
was then re-conveyed to jail. We understand
that he has succeeded in reconciling his mind
to his probable fate, and is very desirous ot an
early trial. Thus far, he has not opened his
lips in court, except on one or two occasions to
whisper a word or so in the ear of his counsel,
Richard Robbins, to urge matters through as
quick as possible.— Boston Post.
From the Montreal Transcript of Tuesday.
Destructive Fire at Dunham in the Eastern
Townships.
A correspondent at Dunham writes to inform
us that the inhabitants of the central partofthat
township were alarmed between the hours ol
one and two o’clock on Friday moining, by the
cry of “fire.” It was ascertained that they were
the work-shops and paint house of Mr. Shat
,uck, carriage and cabinet maker. The flames
were first seen issuing from the horse-shed of
the Wesleyan Chapel, which communicated
with the premises of Mr. Shattuck. Though
every possible exertion was used both to check
the ravages of the fire, and to take the movea
bles out of its way, the entire buildings and
cbapel-shed were wholly destroyed, with a con
siderable amount of property in tools, machine
ry, paints, lumber and new work, such as car
riages, clock cases, &c.
In a postscript to this communication, dated
Duaham, Friday noon, the writer adds farther:
“The calamities befalling this place almost ex
ceed belief, and are quite unparalleled in the
history ol the Eastern townships. A few min
ifies after having written the preceding letter,
and put it into the hands of the postmaster, with
whom I was still in company, the cry of “fire”
again saluted our ears. The premises of Mr.
Wood, merchant, were now a prey’ to the de
vouring element, and in a few minutes the
whole ot the building presented a mass of fire.
In less than an hour, the shed, house, and store,
were reduced to ashes.
An Anecdote.—A Tyler man seeing a Dea
con who is no less esteemed for his 'staunch
Whig principles than respected for his piety,
riding upon a fine horse, remarked to him that
he did not seem to follow the example of his Di
vine master, who was content to ride upon an
ass. Really, replied the Deacon, Tyler has ap
pointed so many asses to office, that I could hard
ly be able to find one out of commission, were 1
disposed to mount him. If that cut has not the
merit of entire originality, said a bystander, it is
as good at all events.— Rochester Democrat.
Copper Mines in Cuba.—Rich specimens of
copper ore, taken from mines near San Jose,
about twenty miles from Neuvitas, ’Cuba, have
been received in New York. A writer in the
Courier and Enquirer says that the vein of ore
extends nearly to the surface of the ground, and
as far as it has been penetrated, it increases in
thickness, and in the richness of its quality.—
It has been opened at several points within
the distance of about a quarter of a mile;
and at a depth of about thirty feet below
the surface, it has been found to exceed ten feet
in thickness. Within the year past there have
been taken out some hundred tons ot mineral,
which has yielded, on an average, more than
30 per cent of pure copper.
jj»The flag designed for the China Mission
was manufactured out of American Silk, by J.
W. Gill of Mount Pleasant, Ohio. It is 151
feet in length; stripes, crimson and white, 15
inches wide; the square 8j feet long, 3 feet, 9
inches wide, of a beautiful blue.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, AUGUST 9.
The Suppressed Speeches of Mr. Cnllionn.
We noticed some weeks since the appearance
of this volume, from the press of the Messrs.
Harper, of N. Y., as well as the fact that a con
siderable number of Mr. C’s. earlier speeches
in favor of the Bank, the Tariff’, Internal Im
provements, &c., had been suppressed or omit
ted. The National Intelligencer subsequently
made public some of the most pointed and ex
plicit of Mr. C’s. arguments on those subjects,
accompanied by appropriate comments.
In answer to the Intelligencer, Mr. Calhoun
appears in a letter dated Fort Hill, S. C., July
28th. He acknowledges that the “title is indeed
false—false every way,” but denies that any
fraud upon the public could have been intended,
as fraud never “docs its work so clumsily.” The
title page was gotten up by the publishers, and
Mr. C. says, that having discovered the mistake
himself, he wrote and suggested that it be chan
ged to “A selection from the Speeches, Reports, <f-c.,
of Mr. Calhoun subsequent to his election as Vice
President of the United. Stales, including his lead
ing Speech an the late war in 1811.” But this
reached the publishers too late—after the volume
was out.
Mr. Calhoun confesses that lie was himself
the compiler of the volume, and gives various
reasons for its appearance al this particular
juncture; among others, his position before the
country in reference to the Presidency, and the
necessity that his views and “opinions on all
political subjects, particularly on those which
have agitated the country of late, and on which
the Presidential election will probably in a great
measure turn,” should be known to the people.
To reduce the size of the volume, and render it
accessible to the masses, the speeches published
in the Intelligencer with many others were
omitted.
Mr. C. confesses that his mind has under
gone a change upon the various subjects
touched upon in the suppressed speeches, that
he however looks upon those “youthful efforts”
with due pride and paternal regard—that if he
erred then, he erred “on the side of the countiy.”
The danger was then from without—his object
was to strengthen the country for defence.—
Subsequently the danger has been from within,
from consolidation, centralization, hence his’re
investigation of the subjects and change of
views.
Such, we think, is a pretty fair condensed
statement of Mr. Calhoun’s letter, and his rea
sons for the publication. The paper itself bears
internal evidence of restiveness and ill temper
on the part of its writer, such as seldom appears
when a man is conscious that he has not com
mitted a gross blunder. It is not probable that
Mr. Calhoun intended to perpetrate a fraud upon
the country—as he says himsell the thing was
too palpable, too absurd —detection was too cer
tain to admit of such a conclusion.
But Mr. C. at. the same time admits that the
book was published in immediate reference to
the canvass for the Presidency of '44, and was
intended to inform the people of his present
views and opinions. The publication then sinks
at once from the dignity’ of a just and fair his
tory of the author’s mental efforts to the level of
a mere electioneering pamphlet. It is no long
era true but a flattering portrait of the man. It
has lost its authority as well as its dignity—it is
a labored and one sided argument in favor of
Mr. Calhoun, instead of a collection of facts on
which may’ be based a fair discussion of his
political history. In a word, it is derogatory to
the dignity and the acknowledged mental supe
riority of the distinguised Senator.
Mr. Calhoun in this letter, speaking of these
suppressed speeches, says, “Were they not
APPLAUDED BY-THE REPUBLICAN PARTY AT THE
time ?” So it seems that the Republicans of
those days were in favor ot a Bank, of a Tariff,
and of Internal Improvements! and that they’
even applauded Mr. Calhoun’s advocacy of
those measures!! Will Mr. C. inform us how
it is that opposition to those same measures now
constitutes the test of Republicanism—and how
their is branded by himself and his ad-
herents as ultra, old school Federalism? “Verily,
times change and men change with them I”
Mr. C. speaks of the suppressed speeches as
his “youthful efforts." If we are not mistaken,
some of them were made as late as ’34 to *3(5;
many of them just previous to his election to
the Vice Presidency, and when his mind was,
we believe, generally admitted to have reached
maturity. It is at least a source of congratula
tion to his present opponents, that in his
riper years, and with all his maturity, he has
been totally unable to answer the arguments of
his youth.
J>We have seen (says the Pendleton Mes
senger of the 4th inst.) a sample of cotton bag
ging made at the factory near this place, which
we think ought to supersede the hemp bagging
entirely among our cotton planters. It is ol
the usual width (42 inches,) weighs about a
pound and a quarter, and is evidently strong
enough for the use intended. It can be sold at
18} cents per yard, which is, we believe, cheap
er than the hemp bagging. We have no doubt
it is more durable, if accidentally’ exposed to
the weather, as cotton bales sometimes are.
Usury.—The Frankfort, Ky., Cornmon
wealth tells us a rather tough story’. A person
went to a notorious shaver in that city, to get a
note “done” having two years to run. The bro
ker asked five per cent, a month, which the
shaver agreed to pay. On easting the interest,
however, it was found that it ale up the whole note
and 20 per cent over!
Tomb or Columbus.—A correspondent of the
Picayune, giving a description of the Cathedral
at Havana, writes as follows:
“Within the sacristy, and to the right of the
altar in the cathedral, is a tablet of stone inlaid
in the wall, having on it the bust of a man in
basso relievo. Within this lie the ashes of the
immortal Christopher Columbus, the discover
er of this, the New World. The remains of the
great navigator, as all know, were conveyed
from Spain to St. Domingo, and after having
rested there one hundred and three years, they
were in 1796 transferred to Havana ; they’ are
preserved in a silver urn, enclosed in a leaden
chest. Thus has the cathedral of Havana, the
honor of being the receptacle of his dust, of
whose birth five cities claim the distinction, and
of whom as a benefactor of the human race, con
jecture has no estimate—language no appropri
ate eulogy.”
Fisher Ames. —We concur with the Louis
ville Journal in its regrets upon the indifference
manifested towards tins gifted and brilliant ora
tor.—Same testimonial snould be erected to the
memory ol a patriot, whose burning eloquence
was unsurpassed among the great host of his co
temporaries. If we are not mistaken, it was
Mr. Jefferson, who, after one of Ames’ thrilling
orations in Congress, when opposed to him,
moved an adjournment, fearful of his address
upon the members. Tribute should be paid to
such illustrious merit.
The Repeal, &c.
Below, we select a few items from the Paris
correspondence of the National Intelligencer:
“To match O’Connell in Ireland, Sir Robert
Peel has only one personage—the Queen, for
whom the loyal orator so often causes hosan
nahs to be shouted. The Royal Victoria —if 1
may judge by personal anecdotes which I re
ceived in London from authentic lips—possess
es intelligence and resolution and address to
play that part in the Emerald Isle, most desira
ble for the conservative Cabinet and the pros
perity of her throne. The responsibility, how
ever, of inducing her to pursue now the design
of a visit this summer to the gem of the seas,
may appear too onerous.
“A gentleman just returned from Ireland,
who heard O’Connell at the Mallow meeting,
tells me that he looks as healthy, energetic, and
sanguine, and declaims as sonorously and vehe
men'ly, as he did twenty years ago.
The same informant agrees with the London
editors in their representations of the injury
which Ireland suffers by the Repeal agitation
in her economical industrial interests—labor
suspended, trade paraly zed, British capital with
held, domestic concealed or sent away—social
confidence universally disturbed—a wild uncer
tainty—a vague terror on all sides respecting
botlyierson and property.
“The liberator once called himself “the best
abused man in the world;” but surely he meant
to except those on whom he might fall foul in his
addresses to the repeal convocations. The Paris
National exclaims, ‘May France be free to act
on that day that the battle begins between the
Irish and the British Governments.”
Walking Match at Chelsea.—Elworth’s
time of walking the 6th twenty four miles, sh.
19m. 365.; shortest time one mile, 17m. 7s.
Fogg’s time of walking the 6th twenty-four
miles, sh. 20m. 195.; shortest time one mile, 11m.
315.; longest time 17m. 7s. Both men m good
train; number of visitors Monday, 711.— Boston
Atlas.
Another Bank Failure.
The Harrisburg (Pa.) Telegraph seems to
take especial pleasure in showing up the expe
riments of his hard money Locolbco brethren
of the Keystone State. And right abundantly
is he supplied with material for his work; for
the democracy of Pennsylvania, like their allies
in Georgia, it seems have been crying out gold,
gold! whilst they have been actually flooding
the State with shin-plasters, and cheating the
people with irredeemable trash. The last evi
dence of the fact is furnished in the explosion of
the Northampton Bank, al Allentown, in that
State, which it seems was under the control ol
one John Rice, a friend and coadjutor ol Amos
Kendall, and a certain Locofoco Senator by the
name of Gibons, ol Lehigh county.
By the report of the investigating committee,
it appears that the entire capital of the bank has
been sunk, and the deficiency is over four hun
dred thousand dollars, so far as ascertained,
all of which falls upon the people. The Presi
dent, Rice, however refuses to deliver a pail of
the papers, which renders it probable that the
deficit is still greater than at present known.—
He has been expelled from the Board of Direc
tors, and published as a defaulter. As an evi
dence of his dishonesty and political favoritism
the following extract is given f om the minutes
of the investigating committee. In his official
report these were contained under the head of
assets marked good:
John Rice, drawer and end0r5er....521,589 93
Certain individual notes and over-
drawals3B,4l3 21
John Rice’s deficit in ca5h23,070 00
“ “ “ in bonds and n0te5.12,606 24
Unprotested notes from individuals... 3,280 83
Reading’s note 9,000 00
Lehigh Coal Company 9,300 00
Certificates of Loan 600 00
Samuel Moore- 3,000 00
Jesse R. Burden.; 3,000 00
Amos Kendall 1,200 00
$125,059 61
WPPWk-,.. r- 10,000 00
Probably all 105t5115,059 61
Correspondence of the Charleston Courier.
Welden and Raliegh Rail Road, (
Aug. 6, 1843. (
Gentlemen—The people ol the State of North
Carolina held an election for Members of Con
gress last Thursday, in a most tremendous storm
of winu and ram. The result is as yet un
known. but 1 give you the few retumsl atnable
to pick op. *
In the Bth Distiict I have returns from:
Arrington, (D.) Stanley, (W.)
Nash 764
Edgecomb,l297
Pitt,l67
Greene, 75
1 think Stanley can never reach.
FIFTH DISTRICT.
Saunders, (D.) Miller, (W.)
Wayne 347
Johnston,37
I will give you farther returns as 1 may re
ceive them.
In haste, I am, yours, &c.
From the Norfolk Herald, August 4.
Rayner. Moore.
Camden.—Court Houses7 25
Canal Bridge.. ..82 35
Old Trap27s 4
414 64
64
350
Pasquotank.—We have not received the re
turns officially, hut learn that Rayner’s majority
is about 430.
Perquimans.—Rayner's majority 250.
Chowan and Gales are said to be nearly bal
anced.
The remaining counties to be heard from are
Currituck. Martin, Bertie, Hertford and North
ampton, which with the most liberal allowance
to Moore, will fall short of Rayner’s present
majority by two or three hundred votes.
South Carolina Canal & R. R. Company.
We make the following gratifying extract
from the semi-annual Report submitted to the
Stockholders on the 20th ult.:
The income from business, mails,
rent, &c., on S. Carolina Road
for six monthssl7l,24l 48
Current expenses for same period... 103,147 76
Nett incomes6B,o93 72
The income from business, mail,
&e., on the Road to Columbia
tbi same periods44,74o 73
Current expenses, including a loss
of cotton from fire2o,loß 86
Nett ittcogtes2-4,631 87
Gross amount .of income on both
Roads $215,982 21
Do current expensesl23,266 62
Nett income on both Roads.... $.'2,725 59
From the aoove, $3 per share was declared
on the South Carolina Road ; and $1 per share
on the Louisville, Cincinnati and Charleston
Rail Road.
The locomotives have, in the same period,
performed 1016 trips; and run over 135,128
miles.
In th-: corresponding period of the year 1842.
The income from the business on the South
Carolina Road, was reported at. .$166,156 39
The expenditure lor same period.... 115,657 40
Nett income 851,498 99
The income on the Columbia Road,
including mails, &c 515,450 91
Expenditure for same period7,s2o 43
Nett income $7,930 48
The gross rec’pts on both roads were $182,607 30
The gross expensel23,l77 83
Nett income on both r0ad5559,428 47
The l rips made by the Locomotives were 846,
and the miles run computed at 112,418.
In the above exhibit, $26,365 75, was 1..r the
transportion of Iron lor the Louisville, Cis !n
--nati and Charleston Rail Road Company; and
which, though an evidence of service rendered
by one Company, and of expense incurred by
the other, could not be carried as a profitable
cash receipt to the credit ot either. It therefore
this sum be deducted from lhe gross receipts, as
reported above, we would have for tl>e business
amount on both Roads, $182,607 30—526,365 75,
$156,241 55
Expen5e5...5123,17783
Nett cash profits on both Roads. $33, J 63 72
Shewing in favor of the first six tnonihs of the
year 1843, as compared with the corresponding
period of 1842, an increased cash receipt of
$59,740 66, and an increased cash profit on both
Roads of $59,661 87.
The completion ot the Road from Branch
ville to Columbia has contributed greatly to this
favorable result as opening, and in an opposite
direction from lhat from Hamburg, a larger
field to operate on the commercial interchanges
of the interior. In illustration of this, by refer
ence to the statements of the Auditor, it will be
seen that of the 60,161 bales of cotton transport
ed on the South Carolina Rail Road, 29,916 —
neatly r.ne half were contributed by the Colum
bia Roa I; r-nd of the aggregate number of pas
sengers, 17,320, which passed over lhe S. Caro
lia Roa<U.<4jfei-.U«<i|M-ting way paosengers lot
short distattces, were furnished by the Columbia
Road.
Smoking in England.—By the following ex
tract of a letter from the junior editor of the N.
Y. Express—E. Brooks, Esq.—who is now
travelling in Europe, it would appear that John
Bull is as inveterate a smoker, although not
quite so great a spitter, as is Brother Johnathan:
“London looks like a great smoke-house, and
men’s mouths seem almost to vie with the chim
neys in smoking the city, to the discoloring of
every thing that is clean and beautiful. Where
must have been the consciences of the one hun
dred and one John Bulls, when abusing “the
universal Yankee nation” as a country of to
bacco growers and consumers ? Never have I
been so much smoked before, and without ex
ception, and in every kind of a public convey
ance, from an omnibus and coach to a steam
boat and the cars of a railroad; and what is
worse than all, the tobacco used is i stenos the
most miserable growth and manufacture. Spit
ting, 1 confess, is the greater offence at home,
but if my brief experience be a specimen of
English manners and English smoking, give me
the boorishness and rudeness of home to the po
liteness of the land I have just left behind me.
You are smoked every where, and every where
without saying, “by your leave, sir!” A
mong the Belgians and Dutchmen I could en
dure this as one of the customs of the country,
but not in England, where the language of vi
tuperation has been exhausted upon Americans
tor their eternal smoking and use of tobaceo.
FialJustitia. The smokers with us are great
sinners enough in all conscience, but they at
least use a decent cigar, which is more than
can be said ot most of the Englishmen I
have seen. Nevertheless, Ido confess, in all
honesty, with some shame, that we beat the
English out and out in the filthy ejections of to
bacco from the mouth. The English word nasty,
as common in England as fixing is with us,
comprehends the indulgence most truly.”
TV John Crosby, a soldier of the Revolution
died at his residence, near Rocky Hill, Barren
county, Kentucky, on the 10th July, aged about
106 years. He was at the surrender of Lorr’
Cornwallis, at Yorktown. About 30 years ago
he removed from Virginia to his late residence.
For the last few years of his life he drew a pen
sion. He was an excellent citizen.
The Constitutionalist—Reminiscences of
1832.
A correspondent of the Southern Recorder,
designs during the present canvass favoring the
public with occasional extracts from the old
files of the Constitutionalist, which promises,
if we may be permitted to anticipate the future
from the first extract, to be very racy. Here is
his first:
From the Constitutionalist of 1832.
At this crisis, we conceive it to be tne duty' of
every influential citizen to come forward, and
throw in the scale the weight of his political
wisdom. Such men as Troup, Crawfoid, Gil
mer, Forsyth, VV ilde, and many others wc could
name, are known to be opposed to lhe danger
ous doctrine ol nullification, and to be imbued
with principles the most sound, as regards state
rights. The people ought to call upon them
for advice, and f r their views of the present
alarming crisis of the affairs of the country.
Why should they not come out, and prevent, if
possible, the dissolution of the Union, and civil
war? Why feel reluctanito appear against the
policy whicn the leaders of the nullification par
ty intend to pursue ? We know that these wise
politicians of Georgia have not changed their
opinions of Mr. Calnoun. We know mat they
believe him to be now what he was twelve years
ago, a dangerous citizen. Why then should
they not come out, atjd uninask the whole pha
lanx, and inform the people of the true aim
these South Carolina leaders have in view?
W ill these respectable and respected Georgians
wait till South Carolina has raised lhe banner
of rebellion, to display their wisdom, and Use
their influence among the people of Georgia ?
This people have confidence in the integrity
and patriotism, and they would no doubt take
into their serious consideration whatever would
be recommended to them by such devoted sons
of Georgia.
W e have not a singledoubt that Mr. Calhoun
and his friends have been tampering with some
of our citizens. With regret we find, that a few
of those with whom we acted in former times,
when we all agreed that Mr. Calhonn was a
man unqualified by his political principles to he
President of the United States, have in part chang
ed their opinion ofthe man, and declare him to be
devoted to state rights. Mr. Calhoun has not
changed his principles. He has only added to
those doctrines which have produced such mis
chiefs, and such evil consequences in the South,
tire doctrine of nullification, which, if adopted
as the former were under Mr. Monroe’s admin
istration, would complete the destruction of the
Union, rendered lhe federal constitution a nul
lity. Mr. Calhoun is the same dangerMs ritizen
he was twelve years ago. F.nding that he can
not succeed in his ambitious views without a
resolution, he is endeavoring to-produce one, in
order that he might become tne first to reap all
its honors, it honors can be obtained by the de
struction of the only republic upouearth, based
upon genuine democratic principles. And this
man has been meddling with our local affairs!
U derihe influence of state rights, he has suc
ceeded in enlisting in his interest a tew of our de
rided citizens; and the man who eight. years ago
could not get a single vote in Georgia tor Pies
identor Vice President, has friends who consid
er him as a champion of state rights, ’l hat
man has palmed upon the South, the Protective
System, the Internal Improvement System, an
Extravagant Expenditure of the public money,
is now a champion of state rights! Can you
believe this people of Georgia.
We have written these desultory remarks, tor
the purpose ot drawing the attention-of the peo
ple to the subject of them. Jlhey will no doubt
reflect upon them; and Jhe moment they will
reflect upon them, we fear not the conclusions
they will draw, and the opinion they will form.
From the dottnnes attempted to be introduc
ed into our system of government; the inference
is irresistible, that, should they prevail, the fed
eral constitution becomes a nullity in the hands
of the state authorities, or in the hands of the
federal government, for both will construe those
doctrines to suit the power they’ respectively
wish to assume, and both will attempt the de
struction of each other, by an implied power de
rived from the misconstruction of the federal
constitution and of the reserved rights of the
states. Anarchy, contusion must be the ultimate
results of such a state of things; from which we
can extricate ourselves but by an appeal and re
sort to original principles and natural power;
by destroying what has cost us millions of lives
and millions of treasure to rear; and'by’ erect
ing on the ruins of this republic,’another gov
ernmei t, more suited to the corruption of the
age, and to the vices which luxury’ and wealth
have engendered.
To e void this dreadful catastrophe, we must
adhere to our original principles; and to insure
the as -endancy of those principles, we must
choose for our public officers, men who conscien
tiously I elieve in thei rsoundness, and in the necess
ity olfollowingthem tothe letter. The least devia
tion from them, must be considered asdangcrous
to the whole system. If we had paid more at
tention to men, and made choice ot those only
who had been steadfast, our party would not
4a ebeen divided, and torn by individual fac
tions. The introduction into our ranks of men
of doubfal politics, has been one cause of the
the deterioration of the party. The good recep
tion of pernicious principles among us, has been
the principal cause of the estrangement which
has unhappily sprung up between members of
the same party. And the prevalence ot those
pernicious principles will hasten the downfall
ofthe republican party of Georgia.
For the above reasons we have taken a stand
against the doctrine of nullification. For these
reasons we shall continue to denounce not only
the doctrine, but those who maintain it, and wish
it to be incorporated into our system of govern
ment. True to the principles of the republican
party, we shall exert ourselves in keeping them
as pure as when they’ were in their lull glory du
ring Mr. Jefferson’s administration ot the feder
al government. If we are alone in this under
taking, we will have to submit to our mortifica
tion, though we will hope for better times; but our
being alone will not make us swerve from our
principles: in the last ditch, we may fall in de
fending the true —the genuine—lhe lincontamin
ated principles of the republican party’ in Geor
gia.
Our fellow-citizens have, in these desultory
remarks, ourcreed. We are determ incd to stand
by it. And, fnthermore, we apprise them that we
have been, as the republicans of Georgia were a few
years ago, op osed to the further elevation of Mi.
Calhoun, and to any political. connection with his
friends. Our opinion, of the man and his friends
remains unchanged. We cannot, shall not, have
the remotest political connexion with Mr, Calhoun,
nor with his friends. The editors of the Constitu
tional Ist, cannot, fraternize with men who have held
the Georgians in deadly hostility. The editors of
Constitutionalist, just to themselves, to the people
of Georgia, and even to their enemies, shall contin
ue to denounce those men who, under lhemask of
patriotism, and underthe pretence of maintaining
state rights, and promoting the best interests of
lhe south, are sapping the very foundalionsof our
public institutions, and preparing the people for a
southern confederacy at the head of which Mr. Cal
houn is io be placed, since he cannot be placed at
the headof the government ot lhe United States.
Large Tomato.—The Editor of the Knox
ville (Tenn.; Register has been recently’ pre
sented with a Tomato weighing one pound
AND A HALF.
Resistance to Law.—The citizens of Schuy
ler county, Illinois, have joined those of Coles,
in agrecingto prevent the sale of any property
in that State on execution, which shall not have
been first appraised according to the laws of that
State. The Missouri Reporter says that a de
claration to the foregoing effect has been signed
by sixty men, and they pledged themselves to
carry out their designs by force of arms, if nec
essary. The United States Supreme Court de
cided lest winter that the Illinois Appraisement
Law is unconstitutional.
Fishing with Sledge Hammers. —A per
son writing from Frankfort, Ky., loan eastern
editor, states a new mode of fishing, which is
practise I in the small streams in Kentucky,
during low w..>er. It is termed “sledge ham
mering,” and is performed by’ a man wading
about with a sledge hammer on his shoulder,
and to every rock which he approaches he gives
a violent blow with his hammer. The stunned
fish rise from beneath the rock to the surface,
and are basketed. The bottom ot South Elk
horn, a beautiful stream, abounding tn black
perch, which afford fine sport to the angler, was
nearly macadamized last summer by the won
drous sledge hammer, and consequently’ this
season the fiah are very scarce.
Old Times.—The New Haven Courier favors
the public with several amusing extracts from
the ancient records of that Colony.
A law relating to “young men and maidens,”
enacted as follows:
“Whosoever shall inveigle or draw the affec
tions of any maide or maide-servant, either for
himself or others, without first gaining the con
sent of her parents, or guardians, besides all
damages the parents may sustain, shall pay to
the plantation 40s. for the second towards the
same party, £4; tor the third shall be fined, im
prisoned, or corporeally’ punished, as the planta
tion court shall direct.”
Under this law as appears by the New Haven
records, at a court held May 1, 1660,
“Jacobeth Murline and Sarah Tuttle were
prosecuted “for sitting down on a chest together
his artne about her waiste, and her arme upon
his shoulder or about his neck, and continuing
in yt. Jacob had endeavored to steal away his
daughter’s affections, but yt, Sarah denied, and
it did not appear to ye, court,” but notwithstand
ing “as they had carried it into such a wanton,
uncivil and lascivious manner,” they were sen
tencedto pay, eath of them, 20s. to the treasurer.”
The tollowing, copied from Lib. 2, of New-
Haven records, was designed to prevent “irreg
ular conduct” among the young people:
At a general courte for New Haven, Sept. 11,
1666.
Upon consideration of much sin committed at
times of husking Indian com —it is ordered that
noe single person, or persons, whatsoever in this
plantation, shall meet together upon pretence of
husking Indian corn out ofthe family to wch.
they belong after 9 of ye clock, unless ye master
or parents ol such persons be with them to pre
vent disorder at such times, or some fitt person
entrusted to yt. end by ye. severall parents ot
masters.—And whatsoever person or persons
shall be found to transgress this order shall be
liable to ye. penalty of ye. lawe agaynst night
walkers.”
THURSDAY MORNING, AUGUST 10.
The Democratic Address,
‘This paper is endorsed by Messrs. Jackson,
Daniel, Cohen and others, a committee of the
late Democratic From the im
portance wltivh seOTed to be given to the mat
ter in the Convention, and from the general
character and intelligence ol the Committee, we
were led to anticipate an able and candid ad
dress—one that would take an enlarged and li
beral view of questions both national and State;
and especially that would illustrate and defend
the local policy ofthe party in our home affairs.
Dissertations upon political consistency of
course we were prepared for, especially as four
out of the five members of the committee were
holding positions at variance with their former
associations. Three of them had been old nul
lifters, and one had grown grey in the service of
his union friends, in voting for bank resolu
tions, and showering curses upon the head of
John Cataline Calhoun.
Under such circumstances, a homily' upon
general welfare, and a denunciation of banks, ta
riffs, &c., were to be expected, and would have
been excusable; but M'e were not prepared for
such a wholesale devotion, such a complete
giving up, to national politics, as is manifested
in this address. In reading that paper, a stran
ger could scarce discover that there is such a
State as Georgia in the Union, or at least that
she has any domestic policy in which her sell
styled Democracy take the slightest interest or
assume the most distant responsibility.
Would itnot have been quite as well for the
committee, instead of party adulations, and
weak amplification of old and exhausted argu
ments on national questions, to have furnished
their fellow citizens with a plain, practical
statement of home affairs—containing both
some explanation as to the past, ar.d some assu
rance as to the future?
Could they not have informed us how it is,
that after their party had'-denounced the Whig
Legislature ot 1840 for op; ressing the people
with heavy and unnecessary taxes, and having
pledged themselves, if restored to power, to re
peal the act, they nevertheless violaled. lhat pro
mise and broke their plighted failh?
Could they not have given us some reasons
why the last Democratic Legislature added
twenty five per cent to the already intol
erable AND OPPRESSIVE TAX LAW OF 1840?
Could they not have shown the people how it
was that whilst the Democratic members ofthe
last Legislature were increasing the taxes on
their constituents, they took good care, at the
same time, to increase their own pay?
Could they not have explained how it happen
ed that so large an amount of the State’s capi
tal in the Central Bank was squandered under a
system of Locofoco legislation and Locofoco
favoritism?
Could they not have shown some good rea
sons why lhe public money has been loaned out
for the benefit of a few men, and why the whole
people are taxed to pay the losses and redeem
the bills of the Bank?
Could they not have informed the people how
it happened that whilst the hard-money demo
cracy were preaching up “Benton mint drops
and yellow jackets,” they were issuing more
than a million of irredeemable paper money, on
which the innocent holders lost from 20 to 40
per cent?
Could they not have shown how it was that
under Locoloco misrule the character and credit
of the State continued to sink until it finally
got so low as to induce a pa-tial disruption of
their own party, and to drive some of its mem
bers to unite with the Whigs in almost any
measures of relief?
Are these things denied? Does any one af
firm that the policy of the Locofocos in lhe Le
gislature has been either honorable to the State
or satisfactory to the more discreet in their own
ranks? We would refer such to the following
sentiments of our neighbor Guieu in reference
to the proceedings of the last session.
“Zs cannot be disguised, and it is useless to de
ceive ourselves — the proceedings ofthe last legis
lature have been condemned by the people ol
Georgia. The members of that body have tri
fled with the best interest of the State. They
could have restored confidence in the credit and
faith ofthe Stale, and they have not done it .-They
could have placed the paper issued by the State
institution on a par value, and they have not done
it. They could have called on their constituents
for sacrifices which would have been cheerfully
met, because sensible of their urgent necessity,
aiui they have not done it.— They had it in their
power to choose upright, able and honest citi
zens to fill several offices within their control,
awl they hove noldotu) it. They had it in their
power to conduct the proceedings of both branch
es with dignity, economy, despatch and useful
ness, awl they have notdone it. The people are
not blind or deaf, and the}' have seen and heard
how their representatives behaved themselves.”
Under such a state of things, would not the
Democratic committee have been much more
appropriately engaged in the discussion of do
mestic affairs, than in raising ghosts of banks
and tariffs to frighten the people “from their
propriety,” and lull them into security as to the
cause of danger?
The Prospect before us.
From every section of the State from which
we have been-able to obtain authentic informa
tion, the prospect for the success of our ticket
for Governor and Congress is indeed most grat
ifying. We have the following flattering evi
dences from the Cherokee Circuit.
Extract of a. letter to the Editor, dated
August Ist.
“All is right in Cherokee, and you may rest
assured that the citizens of this county, in the
approaching election, will give the journeyman
office hunter a blow he little dreams of. If low
er and middle Georgia will do their duty, Mr-
Crawford will be elected by a large majority.—
There is but one opinion among the Whigs
here on this subject.”
From the Rome ( Go.) Courier.
The Candidates. —We observe that our 1
neighboring democratic papers, are indulging i
in wholesale boasts of the favor that their can
didates are receiving in this section of country. '
It may be so—for we deny nothing they may
see fit topnt forth, to continue their friends tn
the pleasing hope of victory in the ensuing
elections. But lor ourselves since the meeting |
of the c inventions, we have ceased to feel any
anxiety Messrs. Crawford and Stephens will
receive the united strength of the whigs in
North Western Georgia. Never was a nomi
nation i.tore popular nor a party more united in
its support. We have never heard a word of dis
sent. Hut on the other hand, we do not believe
that the warmest partisan of Major Coopercan
have th.- hardihood to deny, that a very general
and increasing dissatisfaction prevails in the
Democratic ranks. Hisnomination was atfirst
coldly received, and dislike to it is daily growing
more apparent. The democratic papers by re
fusing to publish the sentiments of thedissatis
fiers, hope to smother their opposition: or by the
most unlair and wrongtul charges of desertion,
to deterthem from the open expression of their
feelings. But this will not have the desired ef
fect. Their feelings will out, and the result
will be a great increase ofthe Whig majorities.
We would not be too sanguine, but we do not
hesitate to bid our friends to be of good cheer,
for our prospects never were so good in Chero
kee Georgia.
Another vacancy in Congress.
We learn, says the Georgia Journal of Tues
day, that the Hon. John B. Lamar, one of the
Representatives elect to the next Congress, has
res'gned his seat.
This will impose upon the Whigs another
duty—that ot nominating a candidate to fill the
vacancy. By reference to the proceedings of the
late Whig Convention, it will be seen that this
duty devolveupon the following gentlemen, by
a resolution of the Convention which reads as
follows.
“Resolved, That the committee of 21, or a ma
jority of them, appointed by the President of this
convention, have power to fill any vacancy
which may occur in the nominations made by
this Convention, and to nominate suitable can
didates for other vacancies tor those offices, if
any should occur.”
The Committee are, Messrs. King of Glynn,
Jonesof Richmond, Lemlie of Jefferson,Toombs
of Wilkes, Bartow of Chatham, Stephens of
Taliaferro, Dougherty of Clarke, Cleveland of
Habersham, King of Greene, Grieve of Bald
win, Hill of Jasper, Chappel of Bibb, Warren
ol Houston, Hooper of Floyd, Aikin of Cass,
Ferrell of Troup, Knight ot Cobb, Calhoun ol
Muscogee, Hillhouse of Stewart, Crawford of
Columbia, Wright ot Laurens.
We hope that the Committee, through their
Chairman, will be convened here at an early
day.
FrauUiu College-—Mr. Plckcn’s Oration.
The correspondent of the Savannah Georgian
thus notices the concluding ceremonies of the
commencement at Athens. ,
At half past 9A. M. Thursday, the two So- t
cieties, Demosthenian and Phi Kappa, met in
their respective halls,and thence marched in pro
cession to the chapel, where, after prayer by Rev.
Mr. Brantley, an oration was pronounced by the
Hon. F. W. Pickens, of South Carolina, a
member ofthe Phi Kappa Society. Theobject
of the orator seemed to be to show the superior
ity of American over ancient civilization, and
the causes which produced this difference. He I
sketched with a master’s hand, the great elements I
of modem civilization—the use of artillery—the
invention of printing—the enfranchisement of
mind—the trial by jury of the Magna Charta —
the noble principles of true liberty, as laid down
in our own Declaration of Independence—and
ast, tho’greatest of all, the Christian Religion. (
It was characterized throughout by elevated i
thoughts, just conceptions, fine imagery, and a >
high moral tone, that did honor to the heart of j
the speaker. His delivery was bold and effect- (
ive, rather too declamatory fbr a deliberate ora- t
tion, yet there were several passages of soul 1
stirring elcquence, which drew forth long and '
loud applause. But I cannot pretend to do jus- i
tice to Mr. Pickens. His discourse will be pub- I
lished, and when so, I will send you a copy, that
you may see for yourself this rich production. |
We had still indulged the hope that Mr. Me- |
Duflie would have been able to have deliver- '
ed his agricultural address on Thursday after- '
noon; but his health would not permit the effort,
and besides the weather was quite stormy, and
inclemenf. He appears to be failing fast—he
walks with a feeble unsteady gait, and his nerv
ous system is made tremulous by the least ex
citement. It was melancholy to took upon so
noble a wreck of being.
The crowd is fast dispersing, many to the
Springs—many to the mountains, and others to
their various homes. No accident or untoward
circumstance has occurred to mar the occasion,
but it has come and gone, bringing with it much
pleasure and leaving behind it, no disappoint
ment.
Mr. Stephens.
The nomination of this gentleman by the
Whig party, from all that we can learn, says
the Georgia Journal, is one of .he most popular
nominations that has been made in the Stale, for
many years. Wherever he appears, and when
ever his claims to that political distinction which
his friends would award him, are canvassed be
fore the people, his enemies are confounded by
the number and character of his ad vocates while
his friends are made to rejoice in pleasing antic
ipations of an easy and glorious victory. In the
the Cherokee country particularly the number
' of recruits to the Whig standard has increased
to an extent truly alarming to his opponents, lhat
for want of a better cause, the Republican
I (Rome) Sentinel, of Floyd county, has thought
’ proper to intimate, that, if elected, Mr. Stephens
i will not take his seat in Congress, while they
affirm that Mr Stark will; and triumphantly
■ ask “who can. say so much for Mr. Stephens."
Now, the very point upon which this derno
-5 cratic paper would, if it could, injure our candi
. date, is the very one, which is a great source of
! procuring Mr. Stephens the support of a large
) number of honest democrats, in the Cherokee
country. It is well known that the people in that
t section of our State, are in favor of the district
t system, while this system is most strenuously
r opposed by Mr. Cooper, and by most of the new
f lights of the democratic party, while the old
Union and Clark men advocate it—so does Mr.
, Stephens; but in case he should be elected, of
which we have no doubt, we will state to the
people, that we feel authorised to say, he will
take his seat in Congress, if that body will per
mit him to do so. The Sentinel, then upon this
head, we hope, will feel that it has beenanswer-
1 ed, and direct its fire upon Mr. Stephens hence
’ forth, t.i some other point—tnat paper will find
him a “hard customer” any way the Editor can
fix it.
Heavy wet has been lhe character of the
1 weather here for lhe last several days. These
r excessive rains are ruining the cotton, wherever
they extend.
Mr. Jeflerson’s Letter.
We published a short time since a letter said to
have been written by Mr. Jefferson in 1823—in
, which Mr. Clay is spoken of in very compliment
’ ary terms. The Richmond Enquirer pronounced
it a forgery, which was exposed on its first ap
pearance many Real's ago. The Baltimore
Patriot refers to it thus :
We were surprised to see in the Richmond
Whig and other papers, a letter purporting to
J have been written by Mr. Jefferson in 1823, in
relation to lhe tariff’ and Mr. Clay. We have
i reason to believe that the letter expresses the
. sentiments held by Mr. Jefferson at the time it
purports to have been written, but the letter it
self is a forgery. It was published first about
5 the year 1830, and was traced to an editor of a
r paper in Rhode Island. Mr. Clay was greatly
. indignant at the forgery, and refused ever after
to hold any intercourse with the author of it—
who afterwards became a warm Van Burenite,
and is now, very naturally, a Tylerite. The
Richmond Enquirer says he was the author of
, the letter that first appeared in a Loco Foco
paper in this city, in which Gen. Harrison was
• sneereil at as living in a log cabin, drinking
t hard cider. The result of that sneer is known.
. Since the treachery of Mr. Tyler, this person
age has, as we say, become, very naturally, a
’ Tylerite, and Mr. Tyler, very characteristically
has appointed him to some office in the New-
York custom house.
Mississippi Economy.—The Vicksburg
Whig of the 22d ultimo says: “In the auditor’s
report we find that the State has paid out for the
lands bought in tor taxes, for advertising $9,807-
69; fbr makingdeeds, $13,130; total, $22,93769.
The texes on this property probably amodnted to
some eight or ten thousand dollars, whichshould
' have been paid into the Treasury instead of
which she has paid out $22,937 69.”
Slave Casa.—A letter to the Philadelphia
Inquirer, from Princeton, New Jersey, states
that a colored man named James Johnson was
arrested there as a fugitive slave belonging to a
Mr. Thomas, of Mississippi. The case was
tried b< fore a jury, who rendered a verdict for
the claimant. The trial excited much interest,
it being the fust case ofthe kind that everoccur
red in lite northern part ofthe State.
New Hooks.
We: re indebted to the Messrs. Harpers lor
for “Bt .'in's’ Notes, explanatory and practical,
on the Epistle to the Hebrews,” which makes a
book of three hundred and fifty pages, and got
up in their neatest style.
Also, No. 12, of Allison’s History of Europe.
The above works are for sale at the Literary
Depot.
Mississippi.—The repudiating Legislature
of this State after a brief, noisy and utterly use
less session, adjourned a lew days since. On
Tuesday, the 25th July, Mr. Hughes of Jeffer
son, introduced into the Senate a bill to divide
the State into four congressional districts. It
passed that body, the whigs voting lor it, though
grossly unfair in its apportionment, rather than
leave the State undistricted. When the bill
came before the House, it could only be taken
up on its second reading by the concurrence of
four fifths ol the members present; and there
was a very decided majority in favor of its pas
sage, but a little knot of brawling repudiators
determined that Mississippi should not be dis
tricted, and voted against the second reading
whenever it was proposed. The friends of the
bill were at length compelled, in despair, to
abandon their project, and the Legislature ad
journed, leaving the State undistricted. The
bill was lost, observes the Vicksburg Whig,
not because a majority were opposed to it, but
because a few small demag-gues took advan
tage of the lateness of the hour at which it was
presented, and availed themselves of this last
opportunity to prove the pertinacity with which
they have adhered to their reckless and infa
mous policy.— N. O. Bee.
The Mint.—The following is the amount
coined in the U. S. Branch Mint al New Or
leans, during the mnoth of July:
In silvers24s,ooo
Ingold 90,000
$335,000
The Influenza.—The Charleston Courier
of yesterday says, “this di ease prevails exten
sively in our city, but its type is much milder
here than elsewhere. Il has invaded our office,
removing the editor from hisdesk, and the com
positor from the printing room. From personal
experience, we can recommend to others a bath
for the feet of hot water and mustard and a
Dover powder on going to bed. It will scarcely
be necessary to repeat the prescription.”
From the Georgia (Rome) Courier.
Democratic Principle.
The shortest road to lhe affections of the De
mocratic party, as experience shows, is by
abuse. Their attachment to public men ap
pears to be in proportion tothe virulance of their
opposition to them. A mild and generous ad
versary the, care but little about, but whenever
a public man bcmeans them soundly, insulting
ly, bitterly, and for the love of it, he is in a fair
way to be placed at the head of the party. We
have sometimes half a mind to court their fa-
Ivor in this way ourselves, to lay aside the mod
erate respectful course which we have marked
out for ourselves, and berate them with all the
energy we arc master of. Every one remem
bers with what an interminable stream ot abuse
their candidate for Governor, but a short time
since, assailed them. We have heard gentle
men with whom he was then associated express
the weariness and disgust they felt at his endless
charges. I hey little thought Mr. Cooper was
then earning his promotion in the Democratic
ranks, and that, he would be their chosen stan
dard bearer besore the sores produced by his
kicks, (upon what part of the body Mr. Guieu
does not specify) had cicatrized. Such, how
ever, was the tact. The torrent of Mr. Black's
abuse was distinguished from Mr. Cooper’s
only by the greater amount ot slime and tilth
which it contained. It was poured with equal
readiness, and stamped by the native black
guardism of its author, and consequently, Mr.
Black is now their honored champion.
Mr. Colquitt far excelled his colleagues in the
bitterness ot his assaults upon the Democratic
party, (lor Walter possesses a talent for such
displays.) His abuse was free from the prosi
ness and dullness of Mr. Cooper, and from the
excessive vulgarity of Mr. Black, but it was
more galling. His denunciations withered and
his irony scorched and seared. If the
sores produced by Mr. Cooper’s kicks nave not
yet healed, surely the cuts inflicted by Mr. Col
quitt’s arm have not fully closed. Ot all knigh's
who have entered the lists in Georgia against
the Democratic party, none have cut deeper
than the Hon. Senator tn Congress, and hence
his elevation by them.
As officers in a well organized army rise in
rank by merit alone, so in the Democratic ranks,
place and honors are conferred in proportion to
the amount of abuse which the asuirant has
heaped upon them. It was reserved for their
candidate for the Presidency to apply to them
the most opprobrious of all epithets, one which
in times past could not be applied to lhe hum
blest individual, without receiving a blow in re
turn. It was like the charge of falsehood upon
a knightly escutcheon, held to be too dishonor
ing lor even Christian meekness to submit to. —
When one ofthe parties in the country assumed
the name of Whig for the purpose of distinc
tion, they never intimated tnat their opponents
were its opposites. Both parties claim to be
Democratic, yet one is exclusively called so,
and while we distinguished by the appellation
of Whigs, who but Mr. Calhoun would insult
their adversaries by the insinuation that they
were not friends to their country, and therefore
Whigs in the noblest sense of that term. No
one else has dared to affix the name of Tinry to
lhe Democratic party, and therefore he is enti
tled to their suffrages for the highest offit* in
the gift of the people. Democrats, read the
subjoined extract from Mr. Calhoun’s speech in
1834, when he employed his position as’ Ameri
can Senator to insult you, and say whether you
can aid in his election for the Presidency by
your 'Tory votes: —
“I however cannot but remark, that the revi
val Os THE PARTY NAMES OF THE REVOLUTION
after they have so long slumbered, is not with
out a xtEANiNG —not without an indication ol a
relutn to those principles w hich lie at the foun
dation of our liberty. What then is lhat mean
ing—what is there in the meaning of WHIG
■ and TORY, and what is there in the character
of the times which has caused their revival as
party designations at this time’ I take it that
the vety essence of ‘Toryism,’ that which con
stitute-i 'a tory,’ is to sustain prerogative privi
lege—to support the Executive against the Le
gislative Branch of the Government, and to
lean to the side of vosvKn against the side of lib
erty, whilst the Whig is, in ail these particu
lars, of the very opposite principles. These
are the leading characteristics ol the respective
parties, Whig and Tory, and run through their
application, in all the variety of circumstan
ces in which they have been applied, either in
this country or Great Britain. The sudden re
vival ; nd application at this time, ought to ad
monish my old friends, who are now on the side
of the administration, that there is something in
the tim-s!" What wasthatso»tolAi«g? “A sup
port,” says he, “of slavish, despotic doctrines."
From the Savannah Republican.
The Democracy and a Tariff.—Free Trade
is now announced to be the determined Demo
cratic policy, at least of the tSoutheni wing ol
that m.mceuvreing force. It is affirmed in this
quarter, lhat if that party is successlii , the tariff
will be repealed. Repeal is out of the question.
Revenue must be raised, and direct taxation no
community will tolerate. The most they can
do, will be to adjust the revenue, so as to pro
vide lor the uniformly heavy expense of a Dem
ocratic administration; and this will give suffi
cient J rotection. They will, in that case, do no
more than adhere to Mr. Clay’s plan, even it they
establish a horizontal tariff of 30 or 40 per cent.
But will they do this without makinga strongly
marked discrimination? Will the Democracy
of Nev. York, and Connecticut, and Pennsylva
nia, ei er surrender the discriminating du,ies en
tirely winch now exist? We believe not.
Time '..i1l show; but we have seen by the vote
on the last Tariff, that Democratic interest 100 of
ten prevails oyer Democratic allegiance. The
votes i f Mr. Buchanan, and others, show this.
The important Tariff next in older after that
of 181'2, was the High Protective one ot 1816.
The *1 ai iff was not levied expressly for revenue,
but those articles most heavily taxed, were those
which could be manulactuied in the United
States; and here the term “American System,”
had its origin. Many of those who voted for
this, have been lately leading men in the Demo
cratic party. We refer tothe vote on the Tariff
which passed the Hoi -<■ of Representatives, 27th
April, 1816, and find the list of yeas headed by
Atherton, a Democrat of New Hampshire.
Among those modern Democrats who voted for
it, are Albion K. Parris, lately a Comptroller at
Washington, under Van Buren, (and perhaps
he is there still,) Enos D. Throop, of New York,
Samuel D. Ingham, General Jackson's Secreta
ry of Treasury, Samuel Smith, of Maryland,
one ol General Jackson’s warn est supporters in
the U. S. Senate at a subsequent period, Witt.
T. Barh', his Postmaster General, P. P. Bar
bour, Henry St. George Tucker, Bichard M.
Johnson, Nathan Sanford, JOHN C. CAL
HOUN, William Lowdes. ALFRED CUTH
BERT, WILSON LUMPKIN, &c.—while
against it, we find the names ol Tim Pickering,
of Massachusetts, Erastus Root, Benj. Huger,
John Forsyth and Richard H. Wilde. It pass
ed the Senate by a vote of 25 to 7 —The yeas
and nays not being taken. So much for some
ol the important Democratic votes at lhat time.
This b 'ing underdiscussion, a motion was made
t > reduce the duty on cotton goods every two
years: Messrs. Calhoun and Johnson voting a
gainst it. A motion to reduce the duty on iron,
from 75eta t 045 cts. was agreed to: Calhonn
and Jo mson voting against it. A motion to re
duce the duty on Sugar, from 4 to 2 cis. per lb.,
was agreed to—B6 to 56—Calhoun, Johnson,
Lumpl. tn and Forsyth voting against reduction.
Mr. Calhonn is now for Free Trade, though
he has t.cveryeloffered as a substitute, any meas
ure for carrying out his doctrine. It was on the
passage of this bill lhat he made his celebrated
speech in favor < f protecting domestic manufac
tures, when he said they “should be put beyond
the reach of contingency,” adding his eulogy in
favor ot ‘lnternal Improvements.”
The ticrt important tariff in order, is that of
1824 tVe do not stop to examine into the ta
riff on iron and alum of 1818; not lhat on wines
of 1819. The Tariff of 1824 passed both Houses
of Congress by hare majorities. In lhe Senate,
we find Martin Van Buren, Mahlon Dickerson,
Richard ?.1. Johnson, John H. Eaton, Andrew-
Jackson and Thomas H. Benton, voting for it,
while we find the “arch Federalist,” Rufus King,
of New York, voting against it. In the House,
we find the Maine delegation 6 Whigs voting
against it to one in favour of it; the Massachu
setts delegation (all Whigs,) eleven against, to
one for it, while in New Hampshire, we have
five to one against it; and among the nays are
the names of Bartlett and Arthur Livermore.
Among the names of the Massachusetts nays,
occurs that ot Daniel Webster. The two Sen
ators from New York, were Messrs. Van Bu
ren, Democrat; and Rufus King, “Federalist,”
the former voting as we have seen /or, the latter
against the tariff In the Lower House, we find
the name of James Buchanan recorded among
the yeas. On the motion to reduce certain du
ties, we find Messrs, Benton, Eaton, Jackson,
Van Buren and Johnsen, voting against the re
ductions.
We now come to the tariff’ of 1828. This
has been often called the “Bill of abominations”
and so of ten termed so by Democrats, that they
have probably forgotten that the expression ori
ginated with Mr. Adams. At all eventr he is
known to have used the expression, and it is
known that he would have vetoed it, if he could
have done so on constitutional grounds. As
might be expected, we find all the members from
Massachusetts, except tu-o,m- eleven of them, vo
ting against the bill. Among the nays in the
Lower House, are the names of Ed warii Everett,
John Davis and Isaac C. Bates. Ofthe Maine
delegation, all were against the bill. Here we
find lhe following votes recorded from the law
christened by the odious title above givenviz
Martin Van Buren, Richard M. Johnson, Louis
McLane, Thomas H. Benton, Mahlon Dicker
son, John H. Eaton, Silas Wright, &.c.
“Facts are stubborn things, we know, hut
that they did so vote, is no fault of ours. ’ We
have quoted correctly for the instruction of g
party which denounces protection and preaches
up Free Trade, as though Free Trade bad ever
been their tutelar genius. So much for the
votes ofthe leaders of the Democratic party on
the Tariff of 1824 and 1828. When we cctne to
that of 1832, we shall give the yeas and nays in the
lower House, in order that our readers may de
cide for themselves whether the Democrats or
the Whigs are responsible for the Tariff which
led to Nullification.