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OLD SERIES, VOL. LVIL
THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
IS PUBLISHED DAILY, TRI-WEEKLV, AND WEEKLY,
BY J. W. & W. S. JONES.
The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel
IS PUBLISHED AT
Three Dollars per annum—or one subscriber two
years, or two subscribers one year for $5.
Tri- Weekly paper > at Five Dollars per annum.
Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum.
Cash System.—ln no case will an order for the
paper be attended to, unless accompanied with
the money; and in every instance when the time
or which any subscription may be paid, expires
before the receipt of funds to renew the subscrip
tion, the paper will be discontinued. Depreciated
money received at it*
©bromcle anD sentinel.
AUGUSTA.
FRIDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 22-
Maine Election.
Returns in 248 towns give Anderson 23,236;
Robinson 16,900; Kavanagh 2,800; Appleton
and scattering, 5,189.
It is not certain yet that an election is effect
ed.
Mr. Severance, Whig, editor of the Kenne
bec Journal, tails ot an election by about 200
votes.
The Locos have elected but two members of
Congress as far as heard from.— Neu, York Ex
press.
Advance of Freight.—We learn that the
Charleston Rail Road Company have raised
the rate of treight for Cotton from fifty cents a
bale to twenty-five cents per hundred pounds.
gallant old “seventy-sixer,” Major Wm.
Buchanan, now in his 96th year, has arrived in
Washington to make his eighteenth draft of pen
sion allowed him by Government. He stilj
walks without tottering, and speaks distinctly.
He was out with Marion in the Carolina
swamps, and belonged to a brigade of horse du
ring the southern campaign, of which he bears
the token in the shape of scars.
Who oppose the Tariff.
In the Tariff controversy in this country, says
the Philadelphia Independent, on what side do
the British Government, British nobility, and
British manufacturers range themselves? Why,
truly, on the side with our Locolocos. Like
them, they are in favor of destroying our manu
factures—like them, they are disposed to trans
fer all our workshops and our mechanics to
England, to build up aristocracy, nobility and
monopoly; and to crush the rising greatness of
this republic! Every word uttered by our Loco
locos in favor of destroying our manufactures,
and building up the manufactures ot England
on their ruins, is merely an echo of ths argu
ments of the British Government, on the same
subject. .
New Orleans—The Picayune of the 16th
inst. says:- The Charity Hospital report shows
the largestnumberoladmittances(2l) yesterday
that we have had this season. The mortality,
however, from the fever is not great, from which
we infer that the disease has not yet assumed a
malignant aspect.
Shipwreck.—The New York Courier and
Enquirer of Monday says: “The British ship
Chester, Capt. Wilson, from Liverpool, for this
port, in coming in the hook on Saturday last, at
2 o’clock, A. M., went ashore on the Romer
Shoals, near the Monument. The steamboat
Wave took out her passengers and their bag
gage, and brought them to the city : when our
news collector left her, at 4 P. M., she had bilg
ed and had 4 feet of water in her hold. Proba
bly the vessel and part of her cargo will be
lost. —-—•}-= _ .
r. S.- The steamer Hercules towed a lighter
down yesterday to the ship: when the Hercules
left her, she had 8 feet water in her Jtiold.
Correspondence of the 'Tropic.
Claiborne County, Miss., Sept. 12,1843.
To the Editors of the Tropic:
1 well know with what distrust the speculators
in your city, regard the statement from the coun
try, upon the subject of a bad prospect for a large
Cotton Crop. They are a shrewd set; but with
all their sagacity, (unfortunately for our Plan
ters,) they can’t figure out a large crop of Cotton
this year.
You have some knowledge of this county,
and know that we have some of the best Cotton
lands ih the State, and that they are tilled by old
experienced Planters. To-day I met with some
twenty of them at Port Gibson, from dif
ferent parts of the county, and they all concurred
in the belief,that, with the most favorable weather
after this, this county will not turn out as many
bales of Cotton as last year, by 30 per cent.
They all represent the Cotton stalk to be large
and look well, but the bolls are wanting:
Added to the late Spring, we had frequent
freshets, which overflowed all the bayou, creek
and flat lands, drownee the Cotton plant, and in
most instances, on such lands, the Cotton had
to be replanted as many as three different times,
before a good stand could be had.
On the high lands, the Cotton commenced
opening pretty well about ten days ago, but un
fortunately we have had a rain nearly every
evening since the first day of this month, which
impeded the opening, and materially injured that
which was open. As yet the picking has been
but light.
In 1839, the crop of this county was 30,000
bales; last year it was much more. It is my be
lief, and I am sustained in it by our most intel
ligent Planters, that the gro wing crop will fall
far short of the crop of 1839. The Corn crop
throughout the State, is said to be better than
it was ever known to be before. Many partsot
our county have been sadly afflicted with sick
ness for twenty days past; with the white popu
lation it has been most fatal; with the negroes,
the fevers have readily yielded to medical treat
ment.
Editorial Writings.—The Alexandria Ga
zette says:—A few days ago the National Intel
ligencer had some sensible remarks on the sub
ject of editing a paper. One idea expressed has
frequently struck us with great force. Many
people estimate the ability of a newspaper, and
the industry and talents of its editor, by the
quantity of its editorial matter which it contains.
Nothing can be more fallacious. It is compar
atively an easy task for a frothy writer to pour
out, daily, columns of wards—words, upon any
and all subjects. His idea may flow in “one
weak, washy, everlasting flood,” and his com
mand ot language may enable him to string
them together like bunches of onions; and yet
his paper may be a meagre and poor concern.
But what is the labor, the toil of such a man,
who displays his “leaded matter” ever so large
ly, to that imposed on the judicious, well infoim
ed editor, who exercises his vocation with an
hourly consciousness of its responsibilities and
its duties, and devotes himself to the conduct of
his paper with the same care and assiduity that
a sensible lawyer bestows upon a suit, or a hu
mane physician upon a patient, without regard
to show or display ! Indeed the mere writing
'part of editing a paper, is but a small poruon ot
the work. Theindustrii is not even shown there.
The care, the time employed in selecting is far
more important —and the foci of a good editor is
better shown by his selections than by anything
else; and that, we all know, is half the battle.
But as we have said, an editor ought to be esti
mated, and his labors understood and appreci
ated, by’ the general conduct of his paper —its
tone—its temper —its uniform, consistent course
—its principles—its aims—manliness —its dig
nity—its propriety. To preserve all these as
they should be preserved, is enough to occupy
fully the time and attention of any man. If this
be added the general supervision of the news
paper establishment, which most editors have
to encounter, the wonder is, how they can find
time, or “room,” to write at all!
Magnanimity of a Revolutionary Hero.
—The United States Government having re
cently allowed Nathan Beers, Esq., of New Ha
ven, (Conn.) the arrears ot a pension due him,
amounting to $3,360, the old veteran magnan
imously distributed the amount among those
who were his creditors in 1820, when he failed
in business.
Indian Council.—From the Arkansas Intel
ligencer of the 2d inst., we learn that a number
of Delawares, Shawnees, Kickapoos and Cad
does left the vicinity ot Fort Washita on the 13th
ult., for the great Ptairie Council which is to
• , Be Itelion Red River, about 150 miles below
♦ • /the mputh of the False Washita. The Indians
Aspect President Houston present. The Ca-
• mjnches have consented to meet him, although
• * they fey they will never make peace with Tex-
as?—Pic.
[ Communicated.]
The last Pic Nic in Columbia County.
Mr. Jones: —A few weeks since 1 had the
pleasure ot attending one of those social partie>
distinguished by the above title; and yesterday
morning saw me again en rout, for the same
destination. This time the roads were fine, as
the levellers had been along its whole line much
to its improvement. Autumn had been busy
with his brush upon the landscape since my lasi
trip; but as the first gray hairs are overlooked,
or gilded over, on the bachelor’s head who has
seen the world, by the charms of his conversa
tion and the polish of his manners —so the
morning was so fine that the change could hard
ly be said to be a disadvantage, every thing was
so admirably in keeping. The gossypiums
which had then hardly' commenced blooming,
now presented its luxuriant array of well filled
bolls, wide open and mouth down, like the cor
nucopia, to the busy hands which on every side
were engaged in securing the precious staple.
Arrived within a short distance of the “old
stomping ground,” the clear notes of the leading
clarionet met the ear, and how the player con
tinued, hour alter hour, to pour out such is a
riddle to me; the fellow must have “leathern
throat and India-rubber lungs.”
But had it not been for that same clarionet,
and a number of the same smiling faces who
welcomed us on the former occasion, (and that
hearty greeting put me in mind of the Old Irish,
“a thousand welcomes to you,”) I should hardly
have known the place. The grounds had been
cleared up, all the undergrowth having been re
moved to a considerable distance, and the ground
takeover. The dancing saloon, for itdeserves
no other name, (being better adapted to the pur
pose than any' I have ever seen at the South,)
was one hundred feet long. The floor, which
was divided into five compartments and wide
enough tor two cotillions. Each compartment
was so laid that it sprung to the tread of the dan
cer, liketheboard usedina Circus. Thewhole
length was covered over with light plank, sup
ported by pillars, and an awning extended from
the south side so as to exclude the sun. The
musicians’ box was about mid way on the north
side. The dinner table next attracted my atten
tion. It was about two hundred and fifty feet
long, and covered from one end to the other by
an awning. About two hundred and fifty plates
laid with a knife and fork and spoon to each.—
A custard, raisins, almonds, &c., were also
placed by each plate, and the whole centre of
the table was filled with cakes and confectiona
ry of all kinds. The centre cake which repre
sented an Egyptian temple built on pillars, was
I am told, of domestic manufacture, being made
in the county. Side tables were placed at con
venient distances along the whole line of the
main table on both sides, on which the meats
&c. for the dinner were placed, and like the oth
er things, these were in superabundance. For
ty’-seven hogs |and sheep formed the barbacue,
and other things in proportion. A little distance
north of the saloon was a placelike abar, erect
ed for the purpose of manufacturing lemonade,
which, with the pure element was the only bev
erage. It was made of fresh lemons and the
best of loaf sugar by the barrel-full; but what
would have astonished our ancestors more, here
in the heart of old Columbia, we could shake a
thousand pounds of Yankee ice in the face ot a
September sun, and defy him to his teeth. I
have been thus particular in my description this
time, for fear, even if I told the truth in general
terms, I might be set down in the same category
with the Kentuckian, who complained, when
he swore that his horse beat the other a mile
and a hall in the first quarter, that they charged
him with being a little hyperbolical.
Suffice it to say in conclusion, that I have ne
ver seen so large a number ot people apparent
lysriperfectly happybefore. If care residedin
a single bosom, it was so deeply buried as to be
beyond human scrutiny. I can conceive noth
ing better adapted to promote harmony and good
feeling in a community than these same Pic
Nies, and from the number that have been given
lately in this county, and the spirit with which
they are entered into, we may well exclaim
“Hail Columbia, happy land.”
CIVIS.
Commerce of New York.
The New York Tribune of the Tuesday says:
—The following is a list of the cargo of the
Ashburton, j ust sailed for England:
3650 bbls. Flour. 19 pkgs. Hanis.
346 casks Oil. 62 bales Hemp.
97 bbls. Ashes. 8 boxes Machinery.
430 bbls. Lard. 176 pkgs. Butter.
39 pkgs. Beeswax. 20 bbls. Beef.
249 “ Cheese. 96 pks Tallow, mdz. &c.
The following is the cargo of the Stephen
Whitney, just off for England:
3200 bbls. Flour. 1137 pkgs. Cheese.
1900 “ Turpentine. 4 “ Beeswax.
1231 pkgs. Lard. 119 bales Cotton.
Cargo of the Queen of the West for Liver
pool.
2,400 bbls. Naval Stores 19 tierces Beeswax
4,173 do Flour. 360 boxes Cheese.
212 tierces Rice. 30 cases Mdz.
274 bbls. Lard. 81 hhds. do.
Only 119 bales of Cotton, in these three rich
cargoes, though Cotton is rising on both sides of
the water. If the South can only be induced to
diversify her Industry a little more, she need not
sell good cotton at sor 6 cents a pound. We
trust those who were cheated into believing that
the Tariff'would ruin our Commerce, by raising
every product so high that we could not export
it, are by this time convinced of their delusion;
while the kindred absurdity that it would destroy
our Imports, and thus double the freight of our
Exports, is thoroughly exploded. Our Imports
as well as Exports for the last month were very
large, and the Revenue tecruing at this port
alone in August was no less than One Million
and. a Half of Dollars, or at the rate ot $18,000,-
000 per annum. The Trade of the whole Coun
try is now quite as heavy and active as it can
usefully be until Production is increased, and
that is steadily gaining.
The Charleston Mercury—The Presi
dent.—We suppose our friend ot the Mercury
speaks not without knowledge, w’hen he says
that John Tyler will recommend the Sub-Treas
ury to the next Congress. Our opponents even
say that Tyler was al ways against a U.S. Bank.
Can they now say that he was ever in favor of a
Sub-Treasury? Alas! tor John Tyler. He is
consistent tnroughout. We have lately given our
views repeatedly ot the views ot the Democratic
leaders in relation to a Tariff—of course, they
have been denounced by all concerned, as heart
sick. E ear the Mercury speak of the Tariff.—
Savannah Republican.
“We have been so often deceived on this ques
tion, that we confess we almost despair ot any
redress from Congress, consistent with our
rights;—and we therefore deem it not at all im
probable, that it must enter deeply into the next
Presidential Election. Mr. Buchanan’s Mr.
Johnson’s and Mr. Cass’ opinins, we all know
render the passage ot a Protective Tariff by
their friends, not more impossible, than “for a
camel to pass through the eye of a needle.” Mr.
Van Buren seems fairer, and we believe at heart
he is; but unfortunately he has always seemed
so, —from 1824 to this day. Yet somehow or
other, whenever the pinch comes, his interest
slips down on the other side. We are not with
out hope, that now at least, his friends will be
true to their principles, and join us in settling
this great question, once and forever, on the ba
sis of a plain unadulterated, unquestionable rev
enue Tariff—but until this is done we can only
hope. With the Democratic party united on
this question in principle and legislation, we
have nothing to fear from the Federalists under
any leader. We will be victorious. But if it
enters into the Presidential Election, not as an
issue between the two great political parlies in
the country, but between political friends victo
ry may pass from our standard, or be nothing
worth. The old Pibroch may again sound
along our shores and hills—and her mustering
Clans gather to the defence of South Carolina.
s-y The offices in the gift of the House of
Representatives at Washington, are already
the objects of attention. The Capitol says:
It is said that Virgil Maxey, Esq., will be a
candidate for the Clerkship; Wm. A. Harris,
formerly a Representative from Virginia, will
also run. He now hails, however, from Mis
souri. Both, we believe, are Calhoun men.
The Van Buren candidate is not yet fixed upon.
John W. Jones, of Virginia, will probably be
the candidate of that party for Speaker: and
from the signs of the times we may predict that
there will be a complete “reforming out of of
fice” in this popular branch of the Government,
notwithstanding the capability of those at pres
ent employed being amply sufficient for all ne
• cassary purpose*.
From the Constitutionalist.
To my Opponents all, and Several.
Mr. Gineti :— 1 find myself at present like the
famous Ivanhoe, al the tournament of Ashby—
attacked by three doughty Knights at once; but,
reader, they are only knights of the quill, anu
Hitherto very harmless ones at that. 11 1 hau
nothing else to do, 1 would ask no better fun
than to take every single proposition of each in
detail, and refute them. But as it is, 1 must,
be content to group them. And first in reply to
you, Mr. editor: lam not “laboring to prove
that the manufactures of lhe country have pros
pered and continue to prosper without a protective
tariff." Manufactures in their infancy have al
ways been looked upon, by good governments,
in the light ot children. They have thought it
necessary to protect them, till they arrived at a
stage at which they could take care of themsel
ves ; knowing full well that they would in their
maturer years, pay back the protection thus
granted, a thousand fold. In favor of this pro
position I could cite an almost endless list of
names, among them J. C. Calhoun himself be
fore 1828; against it I know of none but that
gentleman, since that time, and his followers.
But names with me are nothing. The pro
position, that a division of labor is necessary to
the independence and prosperity of a country,
is either true or lalse. If true, then it is clear
ly lhe interest of a nation to foster its manufac
tures till they can take care of themselves. Sup
pose our manufactures could be legislated out
of existence, one and all, and the labor at pres
ent employed on them, turned to raising bread
stuffs and the other law articles that are pro
duced from a culture of the soil; would each get
as much lor his labor as he now does? I appre
hend no one will be bold enough to answer ihis
questionin the affirmative; and if not, then it
proves that those engagedin the culture of the
soil at present, get more for the product of their
labor than they would if we had no manufac
tures. But this is only the dollar and cent view
ot it. Who, I would ask, would wish to see
this great nation dependent on other countries
tor every article except food ? Ireland is very
nearly in this condition. Would our statesmen
like to see this country in the same position, as
proverbially unfortunate Ireland I And yet
mat country has a home market at her door for
lhe products of her soil; while we would have
to traverse the ocean with ours. Away with
such an idea ! I cannot bear evdn to think of
it.
A manufacture can do entirely without pro
tection, whenever it can be exported, and meet
the manufacture of other countries, in the mar
kets of the world; and long before this takes
place they can get along very well, with a duty
which would be considered low enough for
revenue. If we had practical men to revise the
tariff'at this moment, I have no doubt that such
a rate of duties could be laid as would be satis
factory to all parlies. But how can we expect
such a measure, when, to serve party purposes,
facts are misstated, perverted, and the most pre
posterous conclusions drawn from them, on the
floor of both houses of congress? And this
brings me to the productions of “Necker.”
I find this gentleman, whoever he is, has pick
ed up some speeches on the tariff delivered in
1842. As soon as I can lay my hands on a file
of the Nationaljlntelligencer, I will be able to lay
before you the speeches from which he took, not
only his facts and figures, but nearly the same
train of reasoning. I forget who il was that cal
culated the duty paid on bagging, rope and twine
necessary to pack a square bale of Cotton, at 71
cents; but rather think it was Mr. Calhoun. I
know Mr. Sevier, from Arkansas, calculated it
at 85} cents; and I know attheve’y time he
made ibis speech—which was ol course to Bun
combe—that he could have bought first rate
bagging, rope and twine, sufficient to pack a
bale of 400 lbs., for less money than he said it
would take to pay the duty on it. But this is
not the worst of it.
The proposition then under debate in the Sen
ate was to lay a duty ot 5 cents the square yard
on bagging, which was equal to (at 42 inches
wide) about 6} cents on the running yard; and
6 cents per pound on rope. You see Neckar
has adopted these figures I Now, reader, the
tariff bill that became a law, only taxed bagging
4cents the square yard, or 5 cents the running
yard 0f45 inches wide, gunny cloth 5 cents the
square yard, and rope only 4} cents per pound.
This tariff has been in operation morethan a
year, and yet this gentleman, it appears, has
never seen the law.’ Nor even a Charleston pa
per with a price current in it, where the duties
on all articles are published once a week. He
calls “Crawford” a mistifyer. But he is only
addressing “The people of Spirit Creek;” and I
have no doubt he thinks they are in such utter
darkness, that when they see his productions ad
dressed to them, they will clap their hands and
exclffftn: “Hail! hoiyffight ” ‘
But “Necker” says bagging can be imported
into Savannah or Charleston at 8 to 10 cents per
yard. Where from, pray ? And of -what qual
ity ? If it can be imported at this price, and
the d sty on the running yard is only 5 cents,
why is it being driven out of consumption by
the home made article, which “Necker” says
cannot be furnished for less than 16 cents per
yard ?
A word about a few other articles in Necker’s
list. The duty on salt up to 1823, in England,
was 15 shillings per bushel. In trial year it
was repealed. But M’Collough, who is consid
ered pretty good authority in these matters
says: “That it would have been better if it hau
been reduced to 2s. or 2s. and.6d per bushel, as
a revenue of £1,000,000 might have been deri
ved from this with but little injury.” Now salt
is sold in our seaports at about Is. sterling per
bushel, after paying our duty. No very killing
price, I would say, even to the poor.
Need I ask Necker whether boots and shoes
are cheaper here than in England 2 or whether
it was for the purpose of favoring the rich, and
not to prevent smuggling, that so low a duty
was laid on jewelry, precious stones, &c.?
And now to my third friend, “A Tariff for
Revenue.” I like his name; Igo tor that, and
that alone; because, I believe, if "judiciously
laid," as Martin Van Buren says, that a tariff
for revenue will give all the incidental protec
tion that is necessary in the present stage of
most of our domestic manufactures. “A Tariff'
for Revenue” complains “that because we have
to depend on the home market for bagging and
bale rope, it gives speculators the advantage,
and that they and lhe home manufacturer com
bine to raise the price unnecessarily high.”
Now the writer on political economy has no bu
siness to notice such fluctuations as are caused
by speculation, because they are of necessity of
short duration ; and the temporary advance, by
stimulating the manufacture, will soon lead to
an over-production, and a corresponding de
pression ot prices. The tendency now is to an
over-stock of Kentucky bagging and rope; and
lower prices, by lhe competition among sellers,
than has ever been reached before, will be the
result before another year. But suppose we
had no home made bagging or rope, would that
prevent speculators from dealing in the foreign
article ? Is it harder to get a fresh supply from
Kentucky than from Dundee or the East In
dies?
I have neither time nor space to go more into
detail at present; and will only say, if any one
wishes to know what can be said on both sides
of these questions, be has only to consult the
debates ol the last session of Congress.
CRAWFORD.
Prophecy.
In one of Horace Walpole’s letters to a cor
respondent, written in 1770, he makes the re
marks following as prospective of the glory and.
vastness of this land of ours. His vision’s time
has made realities.
“You have seen the accounts from Boston.—
The toscin seems to be sounded to America. I
have many visions about that country, and fan
cy I see twenty empires and republics forming
upon vast scales over all that continent, which
is growing too mighty to be kept in subjection to
hall a dozen exhausted nations in Europe. As
the latter sink, and the others rise, they who live
between the eras will be a sort of Noah’s wit
nesses to the period of the old world and origin
of the new. I entertain mysell with the idea of
a future Senate in Carolina and Virginia,
where their patriots will harangue on the aus
tere and incorruptible virtue of the ancient En
glish; will tell their auditors of our disinterest
edness and scorn of bribes and pensions, and
make ' sblush in our graves at their ridiculous
panegyrics.”
A White Frost.—There was white frost all
along the line of the Western Rail Road on Wed
nesday morning the 13th inst. The Albany
Argus says the weather of the last week has
been productive of serious injury. The frost,
on several nights, in that vicinity, touched and
in some instances killed the vines, beans and
vegetables. It is feared, also, the buck-wheat
of which the crop is great, has been much in
jured. The Glen Falls Clarion (Warren coun
ty) says the frost in that vicinity, on Monday
and Tuesday nights was severe; that the tender
vegetables were destroyed, and corn and buck
wheat considerably injured.
Spots upon mahogany furniture, says the
Boston Mercantile, caused by cologne water, or
alcohol in any form, may be immediately re
moved, and the place turned to its original color
and beauty, by the application of few drops of
oil. We belie ve this to be a sure restorer. Try
it. _
Useful Hints.—Never enter a sick room in
a stat? of perspiration, as the moment you be
come cool your pores absorb. Do not approach
contagious diseases with an empty stomach;
nor sit between the sick and the fire, because the
heat attracts the thin vapor.
AUGUSTA, GA ; THURSDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 28, 1843.
SATURDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 23.
“Mr. Crawford’s Law.”—We commend to
the attention of the reader the communication
of “Richmond,” in which he exposes a recent
attempt of the Federal Union to impose upon
the people by a gross misrepresentation. A
cause must be desperate indeed when its advo
cates are driven to such resorts to support and
suitain themselves.
The Tariff—Mr. Van Buren—Clay—Cal
houn.
To show that we have not done injustice to
Messrs. Calhoun and Van Buren in attributing
to them the views which we have from time to
time, or been influenced bj' our partialities for
Mr. Clay, in relation to the Tariff, we subjoin
a short paragraph from the New York Plebian,
a very zealous advocate of the “democratic”
party, in which their respective views are allu
ded to as being not materially different. Yf e are
the more pleased to give place to it, because of
the oft repeated assertion by the opposition that
Mr. Clay is the advocate of a "high protective
tariff," while ZAeir champions are the supporters
of "free trade." It is also a confirmation of
what we have before asserted relative to the
“democrats,” that in one section of the country
they are the advocates of one set ot opinions
while in another they profess opinions dia
metrically opposed. With such evidences
as this before them, the people cannot long re
main ignorant of the character and motives of a
party thus influenced, and-will most assuredly
administer to them a most wholesome rebuke.
The Tariff.—That there is no material dif
ference in the views of the various candidates
now before the public for the next Presidency,
upon the subject of the tariff, is now very appa
rent. Mr. Calhoun, in his late “sugar letter,”
avowed his readiness to protect the products of
the South by a proper discrimination within the
limits of a revenue tariff; the views of Mr. Van
Buren upon the subject are well known’ as de
developed in his celebrated “Indiana letter,”
and here we have the declaration of Mr. Clay,
made in his speech in the United States Senate,
March Ist, 1842 :
“Let me not be misunderstood, and let me en
treat that I may not be misrepresented. lam
not advocating the revival ot a high protective
tariff. - I am for abiding by the principles of the
compromise act ; for lam doing what no south
ern man of a fair or candid mind ever yet denied
—giving to the countiy a revenue which may
provide for the economical wants of the govern
ment, and at the same time give an incidental
protection to our home industry. If there be
here a single gentleman who will deny the fair
ness and propriety of this, I shall be glad to see
and hear who he is.”
Whig Prospects.
The Chattanooga Gazette of the 4th instant
says: A gentleman ot Walker county, Ga., who
has just returned from a trip through several ot
the Cherokee counties of that State, informs us
that the prospects of Crawford are quite flatter
ing in that section of country. Our informant
is a democrat and a Cooper man; but says tha t
he will not disguise the fact that Crawford is
much stronger than he anticipated.
The same paper contains the following com
munication.
Attention the State of Georgia I
Be it known that Mark Anthony Cooper, the
Democratic candidate for the office of Governor
of the State of Georgia, is attending the Justices’
Courts in every Civil District—electioneering
individually, and exhibiting his yellow boys,
telling the people that they are the kind ot drops
tu administer to the laboring poor. He is the
candidate for the Locos. But we wish him and
his freinds to understand that we intend to beat •
him with Col. Crawford, 5000 votes at least.
A CRAWFORD WHIG.
Red Clay, Murray co. Ga.
Quick Work.—The Columbia, S. C. Advo
cate of the 21st inst. says:—As an instance of the
energy and enterprise of our community, that
raDge’ofbuildin.
about six months ago, is nearly all neatly re
built, and already many of the tenements occu
pied by industrious inmates.
Whig Nomination.—The «Whigs of Savan
nah have nominated the following legislative
ticket: For Senate F. S. Bartow. For Rep
resentatives J. M. Clark, Asa Holt, R. W.
Flournoy and H. R. Preston.
Horrid Affray.—We were informed yester
day of a shocking affray which occurred across
the lake on the 15th inst., in Hancock county
Miss. The parties to it were—J. W. Goss
and D. W. Gcss, brothers, on one side, and S.
G. Russ, their brother-in-law, on the ether side.
Russ first stabbed J. W. Goss with a dirk, and
then returned it to its scabbard, and seized his
gun for the purpose, as was supposed ,of shoot
ing the other Goss, when the latter shot Russ
through the head, the ball entering the mouth
and causing instant death.—No perstn was
present but the three combatants. But little
hopes were entertained ot the recove’y of Mr.
J. W. Goss, as there was no medical attendance
at hand. At our last accounts his sufferings
were intense. The quarrel grew out of some
family difficulty.
Who are the Federalists !
Mark Antony Cooper told us once. When a
member of the Legislature trom Putnam coun
ty, he made a speech, from which the following
is extracted
"Secretly, however, they (lhe Federalists) pre
served their perpetuity, and have continually
showed themselves under that, or some other
name, by their advocacy of any measute that
would tend to accumulate power, and consoli
date the States. Whether known as Federal
ists or not, there does still exist all over these
States, a party friendly to power, that is identi
cal in feeling and principle with the Federalists
of’9B. Andi believe, sir, I do no injustice,
when 1 say they are found this day identified
under the several names, Administration men,
Proclamation men, Jackson ’men, Collar men,
Consohdationists, Union men, and Submission
isls.”
After this libel upon the Union Party, he ex
pects their support. If he obtain it, they will de
serve the name he gave them.
Plain Farmer— Not from Burke.
The citizens of St. Louis talk of erecting
a monument to Fulton in their city. There
could be no more appropriate site, and the Mis
souri marble quarry can furnish a beautiful and
durable material.
Spurious Coins.—The Charleston Mercury
of yesterday says: —We were shown yesterday
a counterfeit, purporting to be a Mexican dol
lar—we presume of the same spurious issue
exposed some time since in New Orleans. It
is light in weight and somewhat more dead in
color than the true coin, and is probably worth
about 50 cents to the dollar. The counterfeit is
admirably executed and might easily pass unde
tected even by business men. The date of the
coin shown us, was 1832, and its appearance
almost new.
Important Judicial Decision.
TO PUBLISHERS OF NEWSPAPERS IN GEORGIA.
Upon a rule nisi brought by Albon Chase
proprietor and publisher of the Southern Ban
ner, against the Sheriff of this county, to shew
cause why he did not pay over a balance due
the Banner office for advertising done in that
office, as sheriff, —Judge Jones held, that sheriffs,
under our statute, are not subject to a rule for
printer’s accounts —that where the sheriff col
lects and refuses to pay over the printers’ fees,
his remedy is by an action at law. as in other
cases—that the t printer can only collect the a
mount of his contract, and if the sheriff contracts
with lhe printer for less than 32 50, the usual fee
and exacts that amount from defendants, that the
difference may be recovered by defendants from
the sheriff', as he has no right’ to take a greater
amount than he contracts for. That is, it the
sheriff contracts with the printer for one dollar
per levy and charge the defendant two dollars
and fifty cents the defendants may recover back
one dollar and fifty cents from the sheriff—Dah
lonega Times.
Young Men’s National Convention.
The City Whig Convention of Baltimore, on
Thursday evening, unanimously adopted reso
lutions that a Young Men’s National Conven
tion be called to meet in the city of Baltimore on
1 Thursday, the 2d ot May, 1814, to respond to
i the nomination of President and Vice President
ol the United States, to be made on Wednesday,
the fir»t of May.
“Mr. Crawford’s Law,”
' The Federal Union with its accustomed un
, fairness and disregard df the truth, is misrepre
t senting and endeavoring®? make capital out of
, an act introduced by Mft- Crawibrd in the Leg
islature of DUO— ojiposition Item
a single Democrat,* anigwwetoed by the Derno-
I cratic Governor McDfl&tld; forgetting that if
the law be odious its sapjfe’terj and approver are
as much, if not more, c®Rtrable than the intro*
ducer.
( Prior to 1840 there wiprequent difficulties
, in relation to persons .JMtaing to be citizens,
’ and who were persons ot' color.
No tribunal existed of such cases,
and no rule of evideiic®l|fbeeii established by
law. The Judges of faHSperior Courts usu
ally decided these questfflKiccording to their
own discretion, in a surifery manner, without
the aid oj a jury.
Mr. Crawford’s law pifedes a mode ot trial
by jury, requires two concurring verdicts
in favor of any such claijgdf citizenship, and
deprives all such persewol the privileges of
citizenship it they have g§e than a sixteenth of
African blood in their '.■■■• :I'. This last regula
tion is in conformity witlrafest of the decisions
heretofore made in the Stigt(some Judges hav
ing allowed the exercisqßF the privileges of
cizenship, uinlei where
there was more fof African
blood,) and with that of the Court of Appeals
of South Carolina.
The act, in question, was not intended to, and
does not, apply to questions of freedom or slave
ry—those were already provided for by law,
(Prince’s Dig. 777) as the editors of the Federal
Union well know; buto/iZi/ to cases of free per
sons of mixed blood, claiming to exercise the pri*
viliges of white citizens—and provides a mode
by which any white citizen might contest their
claim and put them upon the proof ol it.
The editors in question well know that slaves
cannot be emancipated without the consent of
their owners, although they say—
“On coming a little nearer to the law and
looking forward to its operation, there is disclos
ed the most daring purpose of emancipation of
slavesand amalgamation of colors which has
been seen south ot the Potomac.”
And if they will be influenced by the truth,
they will not further so grossly misrepresent Mr.
Crawford or the law referred to.
'Except that some Democrats thought it too severe
on free negroes.
RICHMOND.
Henry Clay.
The following are the closing passages of lhe
memoir of this illustrious Statesman, appended
to the collection of his Speeches recently pub
lished by Greely & McElrath, ofNew York:
We have thus recorded the prominent public
services ot Henry Clay, with an historical
sketch of his country, just sufficient to render
them intelligible. His personal biography has
been left untouched ; but it will readily be seen
that those noble qualities ot mind and heart which
have made so glorious his public life, must
have invested his domestic relations with the
highest charms. He bears about him that surest
mark of greatness, the power ol being “great in
little things;” ol lending to the most common
incidents of lite a dignity which stamps them
with the heroism of his personal character. In
public lile, he is the greatest Statesman ol this
age. His eloquence, with which the nation is
most familiar, is in fact one of the slightest ele
ments of his fame; in a deeper source than this,
resistless as it is, must be sought lhe secret of
that power which has rested the nation upon his
arm, and interwoven his principles with the very
tramework ot her policy. All the impulses of
.his heart—the instincts of his nature—are those
of a Statesman. No crisis, however sudden or
fearful, surprises or disarms him. In the most
perilous emergencies, when upon the counsel or
decision of an hour hangs the Tate of his coun
try for years, his lofty mind moves with the
same undaunted strength as in the most trivial
concerns. In the beautiful words of Words
worth, we may describe him as one,
Whose powers shed rouud him 19 the voiumou strife.
Wtfc'r
But who, if called upon to facei**
Some awful moment, to which Heaven has joined
Great issues, good or bad, for human kind,
js happy as a lover --is attired
With sudden brightness, like a man inspired ;
And through the heat of the conflict keeps the law,
In calmness made, and sees what he foresaw?
In all his public life, Mr. Clay has evinced a
firm reliance upon great enduring principles;
and in this perhaps, may be found one chief se
cret of his power and foresight. A fundament
al truth is always ‘stronger than any man ; and
by building laith and firm reliance upon it the
man shall receive a portion of its strength, and ,
see, through the mists of the hour, the future to
which it leads. The confidence of Mr. Clay in ,
the leading political principles which have '
formed the rule ol all his long public life, has (
sprungfrom a firm laith in their permanent truth, ,
and not trom that blind devotion to a rule, mere- .
ly because it is abstract, which belongs, some- .
limes, to men who have something of greatness j
in them, but who lack the essential wisdom to
profit by experience. Though firm in maintain- j
ing the rights of each portion of the State, he .
never allows a passionate and blind defence of [
them to plunge the whole into disaster and ruin. (
He feels that lhe principles on which our gov- (
eminent is based, have a high worth—not only (
of themselves, but for the sake of the superstruc- ,
lure of happiness and glory we have erected up
on them ; and the safety of this he is not willing
to peril in their fruillessdelence. He has none ;
of the zeal of that ignorant worshipper \yho dug i
beneath the ruins ol the Ephesidit temple for i
fuel on which it rested, to teed the flame upon ■
its altars. Though he has ever proved himself
a zealous defender of the rights of man, in all
countries and conditions, he never seeks the de- 1
struction of established order, regardless of the 1
happiness of those most nearly concerned; nor I
even in the assertion of Right would he deem it '
well to trample with ruthless violence, upon all 1
the institutons, which might stand in his way, '
and rush headlong to the end, like the cannon '
ball,
‘ Shattering that it may reach, and shattering what it
reaches.’
His democratic principles, therefore, ardent
and spontaneous as they are, are tempered by a
deep reverence for the permanent reason of the
State, and a profound regard for the well-being
of his fellows. All his aspirations are to build
up, not to tear down—to create, not to destroy.
All the safeguards, then, which the sound wis
dom ol the people, triumphing and establishing
a law over that of transient impulse, has thrown
about individual rights, he reverences, and, so
long as thej’ seem to be needed, speaks to pre
serve. Like Schiller’s Wallenstein, while he
knows that the flight ot destruction is straight
and swift, he feels that,
—-The road the human being travels,
That on which Blessing comes and goes, both follow
The river’s course, the valley’s playful windings,
Curves round the cornfield and the hill of vines,
Honoring the holy bounds of property.’
Mr. Clay has always been the proud cham
pion of that political party which maintains the
true purpose of civil government to be, not mere
ly the prevention of Wrong, but the establish
ment of Right—not merely to define and punish
offences, but to confer blessings and secure the
highest good to those who live beneath its be
nignant sway. His public life has been conse
crated to the developement of th}s great princi
ple; and if his efforts seem not to have been at
tended with full success, they have been often
times ol saving service to the country; and the
eye of Hope sees in them the germ of power
which shall yet work itself tree from all crush
ing calamity, and accomplish the great end for
which it was first put forth. He is one of those
great men whose influence, even when unseen
and despised, is potent and controlling. The
spirit of his life has wrought even more than his
active efforts; and, far more than any other
Statesman among us, he has thus given strength
to those principles of public policy which alone
conduct nations to the height of prosperity. The
value of his public services can only be worthily
set forth, when candor shall have made a faith
ful record of his life and his acts; and just in
proportion as that record is incomplete will this
great friend of mankind be defrauded of honor.
It were rash and unwise to ask that his own age
should rightly esteem and fully reward them.
But, as in the old religion, the lightning made
sacred the object upon which it fell, so even now
does Death hallow the victim whom he strikes.
Future generations will not lose sight of his
worth; those words of wisdom which, uttered
by his living voice, fall too unheeded upon our
hearts, shall come from his tomb with power as
from a holy place: for such is the power of dis
pensing blessings, which Providence has attach
ed to the truly great and good, that they cannot
even die without advantage to their fellow-crea
tures: for death consecrates their example; a nd
the wisdom, which might have been slighted at
the council table, becomes oracular from the
shrine.
Mobile.—The Herald of Sunday morning,
the 17th inst. says: The Board of Health report
three cases of yellow fever as having occurred
within the la»t twenty four hours.
From the New Orleads Bee.
Jamaica.
By the schr. Alicia, Capt. Walter, arrived yes
terday trom Kingston, we have received the Ja
maica Despatch of the 21st instant. It contains
a diagram of the burnt district, representing the
ravages ot a most disastrous tire, which broke
out in Kingston on the 26th ult., destroying in
its progress one third of the city, and property to
the amount ot £5011,000 currency equal to ®2,-
250,000. The fire it appears was confined to
the south-east quaiter ot the city; nearly the
whole of the various blocks of buildings com
prised between Milk street, Water lane, Han
over and Golden streets, andintersectedby Lom
bard and Thomas streets, were burnt to the
ground, besides five or six squares on Sutton,
East, Queen and Law’s streets; in addition to
which many other tenements suffered severely.
We extract the following items from the paper
before us:
The columns of this weeks Despatch contain
matter of painful interest to our country traders,
and detailsol a devastation more serious than it
has ever yet been our lot to record. The only
consolation we can offer under this heavy mis
fortune is the merciful salvation of life, as only
one person has yet fallen a sacrifice to the rava
ges of fire, although several have been severely
injured. Whilst there is life, there is hope, and
we trustby persevering fortitude and patient ex
ertion the effect of this dreadful calamity may
yet be conquered. It certainly has happened at
an impropitiotts period for liberal or speedy assis
tance ; the island finances being sadly depressed.
Notwithstanding the humane of all classes will
combine to afford partial relief; the commis
sioners of accounts have already voted £3,000
to supply the urgent necessities ot the sufferers,
W e trust that the late melancholy catastrophe
will be a warning to all persons engaged in
building to be more carelul in the construction
of their dwelling houses and stores, than they
have hitherto been, and those who deal in, os
are in the habit ot keeping a large supply of
spirito us liquors or other combustible matters,
should take the precaution of digging cellars
and having them placed under ground. And if
the houses in crowded streets were slated, instead
of being coveted with dry cedar shingles, we
think they would not only be a preservation a
gainst fire, but would better exclude the fierce
rays of the sun. Stone instead of wood would
be a safe material, were it not for the apprehen
sion of earthquakes, for the flimsy wooden
buildings crowded together are sufficient to
spread with fearful rapidity the progress of the
first flame. The woodenfences and rails which
too surround generally the largest buildings are
another incentive to that destructive element;
whereas, a brick wall surmounted with iron
spikes would be a better safeguard against both
thieves and fire. Indeed, now that the construc
tion of iron fences and frames for dwellings are
so cheap, we would strongly recommend a sup
ply of them to replace the smaller buildings de
stroyed by the fire. They might be imported
sooner than the wooden houses could be rebuilt
and very probably at a cheaper rate. —Iron bed
steads too, for the poorer classes of the inhabi
tants would prove more economical than mahog
any, and be less liable to the intrusion ot vermin.
The committee for the relief of those reduced
to destitution by the late fire, met yesterday and
continued distributing alms during the day. It
is much to the credit of the gentlemen compos
ing this committee to see them leaving their bu
siness and devoting their valuable time to hu
manity and benevolence.
The Fiewardens are still indefatigably fol
lowing up their inquiries relative to the origin
of the late fire.—From all we hear, no clue to
incendiarism has been found; still the assiduity
and patience of these gentlemen is deserving of
all praise.
The examination of rogues, vagabonds, and
monsters in the shape of men, who have been
taken up for robberies during our late misfor
tunes, continues under the direction of Mr.
Prince,—we sincerely hope transportation will
follow every conviction.
Insuring Houses, &c—.We learn that the
firm of Lucas, Nichols, & Lucas, agents in the
island d one of the Fire Assurance Offices in
London, did a great deal of business during the
last three days in insuring houses and other pro
perty; several merchants and oilier individuals
have applied for, and effected insurance upon
their stores, dwelling houses and merchandize.
—Up to the middle of yesterday the amount of
insurances effected was not less than £17,500
sterling.— Journal.
The Picayune says:—The fire broke out on
Saturday the 25th ult., at about halt past 12,
M., ana raged till Sunday morning. The fire
started in a foundry, and must have been burn
ing half an hour before il was discovered. The
sea hxgeze springing up soon afterwards, pre
vented the fire companies from arresting the
spreading of the conflagration. The supply ol
water wasaltogetheriaadequate, and the engines
were insufficiently served. We are informed
that the blacks very generally retuse ! to work,
seeming to rejoice in the destruction that was
going on before their eyes. By the springing up
of the land breeze, about 5, P. M., the progress
of the flames was stayed in the direction which
it first took, but they took an opjxisite direction,
and were not arrested until 1 o’clock on Sunday
morning. We are not sufficiently acquainted
with the topography of Kingston to give an in
tellibie account of the destruction by this fire
without swelling the details to an inordinate
length. The loss, however, is estimated to
exceed half a million sterling, or about $2,500,-
000. A vast number of poor people were turned
out, houseless and penniless, upon the world.
The officers of the army and navy were exceed
ingly efficient in their efforts to subdue the con
flagration.
Such was lhe fierceness ot the wind during
the fire, that shingles were carried thereby a cou
ple of miles, and the hall-burnt leaves of books
five or six times that distance. While the mili
tary were blowing up houses to stay the advance
of the fire, one gentleman engaged in handing
fire-buckets was killed by the fragment of a shell
which struck hint under the chin.
Every method was adopted by the magistracy
and gentlemen of the city of administering to the
comforts of the nerdy sufferers by the fire. Our
own should not be indifferent on such an occa
sion.
By this arrival we learn that Mr. Denous, late
Cashier of the Jamaica Bank, had been arrested
for an alleged defalcation of £7ooo.—His ex
planation was, lhat while engaged at his desk
at the close of the business of the day, he was
knocked down and robbed. His story was not
credited, but he at last obtained bail to the amount
demanded, and had been discharged.
The following are some of the remarks of
the Mercury, in relation to the late Syracuse
Convention. They explain themselves.
State Rights.— We have heard trom Mr. Ken
dall and the Richmond Enquirer much under
this head, and they have the undoubted honor ot
the paternity of this argument. We find upon
a little examination, that the utmost any of them
mean by “State Rights” is the right of the large
State to domineer over lhe small ones; that in
all their discussions they have assumed—that
the Democratic party in each State, is the Stale
—that a majority ot the Democratic party is lhe
Democratic parly, and therefore the State—and
finally that the majority of a Slate Convention,
(chosen higgledy-piggledy in bar-rooms, or
barns, or the members choosing themselves, and
assembling without credentials to show why
they met,) represents the Democratic party —
therefore is the Democratic party —therefore is
the State]! and if its plenipotentiary right to set
tle all things according to its pleasure, is called
tn question, lhe questioners are severely cau
tioned that State Rights are grave matters and
that they are committing Federalism and in
danger of being sent to Coventry. How these
gentlemen love State Rights! But if we happen
to mention that there is such a State Right as
electing the President in the House ol Repre
sentatives, and that the Constitution has made
the States in their sovereign character as equals
the arbitrators where the people cannot agree in
their choice, it is surprising with what petulant
suddenness they thrust their State Rights candle
under a bushel—scold about the right of the peo
ple to elect the President—maintain the anti-
Democratic tendency of throwing the election
ihto the House, and again end by threatening
to vote us Federalists, and send us to a worse
place than Coventry I
£J>The Springfield (Mass.) Republican says:
“We learn that the last act of baseness of John
C. Spencer towards Mr. Lincoln, while collect
or of the port of Boston, and which precipitated
the removal of Mr. Lincoln, was this: Spencer
wrote to Lincoln, asking him to name some per
son for a vacant office in the custom house, who
could be relied on as the political faithful Iriend
of the Administration. Mr. Lincoln replied that
he came into his office, under the injunction of
the President of the United States not to have
any thing to do with partisan politics. Mr.
Lincoln’s removal soon followed. We reckon
that when Mr. Rantoul’s nomination comes be
fore the Senate, some correspondence will be
called for which will show lhe despicable at
tempts ofthe Secretary of the Treasury to entrap
and to make a tool of Mr. Lincoln.”
Domestic Economy.—Use spirits of turpen
tine to remove grease spots from clothes. It
dissolves the grease, and then soap the more ea
sily removes it. Grease may be removed from
itndyed woollen by a solution of pearl-ash.
To prevent the smoking of a Lamp. .So-k
the wick in strong vinegar, and drv ■; well be
fore you use it. It will then bum both sweet
and pleasant, and give much satisfaction for tire
l ifting trouble in preparing it.
MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 25.
The Tariff.—The British Whig Federalists
who passed the late Tariff; seem not to be favor
s ites with British subjects, who especially affect
■ our free trade men. The Editor of the Albany
' Evening Journal, Mr. Weed, in one of his let
, ters speaks as follows :—“The first and last in
quiry of an American, is whether our Tariff
' wiR be modified I If those on our side of the
Atlanticcould hear Englishmen, manufacturers
and merchants talk upon this subject, we should
hear no more of the argument that duties upon
importations are a tax upon lhe consumers ! 1
am amazed that this fallacy can mislead and
delude intelligent men.”
Jj-There were only two cases of ye Row fe
ver reported to the Board ol Health in Mobile,
on the 18th.
The Trade of New Orleans.
A deeply interesting paper in relation to the
trade and commerce of New Orleans, has just
been prepared by Mr. Young of the New Or
leans Prices Current. Some of its statements
(says the Philadelphia Inquirer) are quite re
markable. From it, we learn that specie to the
amount of nearly $11,000,000 arrived at New
Orleans within the last twelve months. During
the same time the receipt of Caton amounted t0■1,053,394
■1,053,394 bares. ’ |
Os Tobacco, 91,891 hhds.
Os Sugar, 65,936 hhds—not including that
which was shipped to lhe Western States’, or
consumed in Louisiana. 60.
Os Flour, 521,175 bbls besides’ 118,246 bbls c>r
sacks of Wheat.
Os Com, in ears, 255,058 bbls.
Do. shelled, 429,552 sacks.
Os Whiskey, 83,597 bbls.
Os Bacon, 13,588 hhds and 1,453,698 lbs in
bulk.
Ol Pork, 204,643 bbl and 2,371 hhds besides
6,814,650 pounds in bulk.
Os Lead, 571,949 pigs.
Os Lard, 307,801 kegs, 104,540 bbls and L,433
hhds.
Os Lard Oil, 1,818 bbls.
arrivals during the year thus classed,.
Steamboats, 2,324
Ships 679
Barques 233
Brigs 532
Schooners, 524
Total, 4,292
TVThere were seventeen cases of yellow le
ver admitted into the Charity Hospital at N< ;w
Orleans, on the 18th, and tour deaths.
Repeal Convention.—The friends of Iri; sh
repeal have recently held a National Convt m
tionin New York, of which Robert Tyli :r
was made President.
Oh, ho I —The Greensboro Beacon, a Loco ■
foco paper of some importance in Alabama,
gives forth the following. Do all the Locolocos
in this region endorse this statement I—N. O.
Tropic.
The doctrine of nullification must not be pro
scribed, it is the quintessence ol democracy, and j
so acknowledged at this day by the great ma
jority of the active and controlling members ot
the party.
Commercial Gazette Office, )
Port Leon, Sept. 15. J
Tremendous Storm— Horrible Loss of Life
and Property—Destruction of Port Leon, St.
Marks, and the Lighl-House.— Our city is in
Ruins! We have been visited by one of the
most horrible storms that ever before devolved
upon us to chronicle. On Wednesday about 11
o’clock A. M. the wind commenced blowing
tresh from the South-east, bringing up a high
tide, but nothing alarming; at 5 P. M. the wind
lulled and tide tell, the weather still continuing
lowery. At 11 at night the wind freshened, and
by 12 o’clock it blew a perfect hurricane, and
the whole town was inundated. The gale contin
ued with unabated violence until 2 o’clock, the
water making a perfect breach ten feetdeep over
our town. The wind suddenly lulled for a few
minutes and then came from South West with
redoubled violence and blew till day-light.—
Every ware-house in the town was laid flat with
the ground, except one, Messrs. Hamlin &
Snell’s, and a part of that also fell. Nearly
every dwelling was thrown from its foundation,
and many of them crushed to atoms. The loss
of property is immense. Every inhabitant par
ticipating in the loss more or less. Many with
only the clothes they stand in. St. Marks suf
fered in the like proportion with ourselves. But,
our tosses are nothing in comparison with that
al the Light House. Every building but the
Light House gone. And dreadful to relate
Fourteen Lives Lost, and among them some of
our most valued citizens. We cannot altem pt
to estimate the loss of each individual at it iis
time, but shall reserve it until our feelings will
better enable us to investigate it. We give be
low a list of those drowned, so tar as heard in jm.
At Port Leon —A crazy negro boy belonj ;mg
to Tallahassee.
At the Light House.— Capt. M. C. Robert son,
his wife and three children, and a child of Dr.
Tradewell’s.
Mr. Joseph Wood, a portrait painter from
Tallahassee.
A child ot R. V. Buffins, and five negro es.
Those saved are Capt. Hungerford, his wife
and two children, Dr. Tradewell’s you ngest
child, Messrs. Oglesbee, Blethen and Ken nedy,
Pilots, and five negroes.
Our citizens are now out, looking for any that
may have escaped, and bring the bodies 01. those
that may be found. Such a total destruction of
property never has occurred in our place.
Our loss is estimated at 8250,000.
In addition to the above, we have learned that
the family of Mr. Edward Walker, living on
Shell Point, wife, children and five or six ne
groes, all perished. Mr. Walker himself esca
ped by clinging to the branches of a tree, till
the waters subsided.
It is also stated that there are several < ither
persons living at this point, and who have not
been heard from, and of whose safety great
doubts are entertained.
There are also several families from this
county, in summer quarters on James’ Island,
on whose account much anxiety felt. Indeed
such was the violence of the winds and the
height to which the tide rose, that our imagina
tions can scarcely fix limits to its ravages.
Cedar Keys, Apalachicola, St. Joseph—can
scarcely have escaped without much daruage.
Bottomless Lakes.
Near the st mrnit of a mountain in Portugal,
in the province of Beira, is situated the 1 ake Es
ura, lhe waters of which are of a dark greenish
hue. Although no fishes have been seen in
this lake, yet, frequently, fragments of ships,
such as broken masts, spars, &c., have been
found floating on it, though inland as is its posi
tion. This circumstance has very naturally
led to the belief that it communicates with the
ocean by some subterraneous passage—a beliet
which has been still further strengthened from
the fact, that the face of the lake becomes either
rough or smooth as the ocean is found to be ag
itated or calm; and also, that during stormy
weather, it produces a rumbling noise, which
may be heard at a distance of six or eight
miles. It is a notorious fact that, to the present
day, though frequently tried by the curious, its
bottom has not been discovered.
At a short distance from Rosinere, in Switz
erland, a remarkable spring is known to arise
from the centre of a natural basin of more than
thirteen square feet in its area. Os the power
which operates on it, we may form some con
ception, when it is kt.own to force, with much
violence, a column of water of eighteen feet cir
cular, far above its surface. Although tried by
the most ingenious and persevering virtuosos in
natural philosophy, its depth has not yet been
ascertained ; thus leaving to conjecture the on
ly plausible conclusion, that this spring is the
outlet of some accumulatingsubterraneous lake
which has no other issue for its waters.
Extraordinary Occurrence.— A fish ran
away with a vessel’s anhxor and caught in the act.
—On the22d of Augusi the brig Rowena was
laying in Laguayra Roads, the weather perfect
ly calm, I discovered the vessel moving slowly
about among the shipping—l couldnot conceive
what could be the matter—l ordered to heave in
and see il the anchor was gone, but it was not—
but to my surprise, I found a tremendous mon
ster entangled last to the buoy-rope, and moving
the anchor slowly along the bottom; I then had
the fish towed on shore—it was ol a flattish
shape, something like a Devil Fish, but very cu
rious shape, being wider than it was long, and
having tw< tusks, one each side of the mouth,
and a very small tail in proportion to the fish,
and exactly like a bat’s tail. The tail can be
seen on board the brig Rowena. The dimen
sions ofthe fish was as follows:—length from
end of the tail to the end ofthe tusks 18 feet—
from wing to wing 20 leet—the mouth 4 feet
wide, and its weight 3,500 lbs C. S. Dill.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
ARRIVAL ° F THE
STEAMER CALEDONIA.
Fourteen Days Later from Europe.
By the Caledonia, arrived yesterday a] Bos
ton, we have London dates to the 4th and Liv
erpool to the sth instant, for which we are, as
usual, indebted to Hamden’s express.
The session ot Parliament was brought to a
close on the 24th ult., by a speech from the
Queen in person. The speech, except in refer
ence to the affairs of Ireland, is without inter
est. On this subject, she uses the following
language:
I have observed with the deepest concern, the
persevering efforts which are made to stir up
discontent and disaffection among my subjects
in Ireland, and to excite them to demand a re
peal of the legislative union.
It has been and ever will be my earnest de
sire to administer the government ol that coun
try in a spirit of strict justice and impartiality,
and to co-operate with Parliament in effecting
such amendments in the existing laws as may
tend to improve the social condition and to de
velope the natural resources ol Ireland.
From a deep conviction that the legislative
union is not less to the attainment of
these objects man to ’.he strength and stability ot
fl tie em. ire, it is my firm determination, with
your support, and under the blessing of Divine
Providemtg. to maintain inviolate that great
1 have foibornelrom requiring w additipnal
powers for the counteraction of hostile
to the concord and welfare of my dominions, as
well from my unwillingness to distrust the effi
cacy ot the ordinary law, as from my reliance
on the good sense and patriotism of my people,
and on the solemn declaration of Parliament in
support of the legislative union.
I feel assured that those of my faithful sub
jects who have influence and authority in Ire
land, will discourage to the utmost of their pow
er, a system of pernicious agitation which dis
turbs the industry and retards the improvement
of that country, and excites feelings of mutual
Hist rust and animosity between different classes
ofm y people.
The Prince de Joinville and the Duke d Au
mal hi id made a short visit to the Queen, being
despatc ‘hed thither by the King of the French to
invite h er Majesty to visit France on her con
template d excursion by sea, with which re
ouest sht ’• complied, and was received on the
afrernoon of Saturday, lhe 2d, at Treport, by lhe
Kin" of the' French and family, with great eclat,
whence thej ' proceed to the chateau d’Eu, reach
ing that pla-ce at seven in the evening. The
Queen’s jbunaey excites the greatest interest m
France and extraordinary preparations were
being made tor her reception in Parts. It ts
more than three ceLtfuries since a similar event
hasoccurred. The last meeting of a like na
ture was between Henry VIII and Francis 1.
The Royal fatn.'ly if France had a narrow
escape from destruction while taking an airmg
in the vicinity of Eu. The King, Queen, the
Princes, Princesses, a “d grand children, ten in
all, were riding in a 1. ami)y coach, when the
horses while passing a b.rijlge, were frightened
by the discharge ot artil. iery
horses precipitated themselv " es ove . r l l ®, bridge,
but the postilion succeeded in cutting the traces
of the fourth and him from the
carriage, otherwise the whole family would
have been dragged alter him to ct. ’riant death.
Espartero has been well receive. \ ’ n Lonaon
by the Queen and by all parties. 1 “ e common
council have voted him an address to . be present
ed him by the Lord Mayor, at a dinner 10 w flicn
they have given him an invitation.
The King of Hanover has left for his u lomin
ions. i;
The agitation in Ireland continues int inLU
minished violence. O’Connell has propounded
his “Plan for the renewed action of the Irish
Parliament.” .
Mr. Macready came passenger in the Late
donia.
The London papers state that four disastrous
fires occurreJ, on the Ibth and 19th August, in
lhe heart of the city of London and the borough
ol'SouthA\ark, one ol which was attended with
the loss ot live lives. Topping’s wharf, Tooley
street, and the Ch urcb ol St. Glaves, Southwark,
were entirely destroyed, and property to lhe a
mount of £50,000 involved in the ruin.
Two hundred ana’ fifty members of the convo
cation have addresse d a letter to the Vice-Chan
cellor of Oxford, complaining of lhe condemna
tion of Dr. Pusey’s sermon, without a special
reference to the objectionable passages.
The Cotton market has improved—Wilmer
& Smith’s Times says.-“ The last few days has
witness ed uncommon animation in the Liver
pool Cotton Market, produced by the unfavora
ble acc< Hints which came to hand on vvednes
day, by the Acadia, respect ing the new crop.
On the. arrival of the news a Iso at Havre, the
co tton market was thrown into great activity;
A con siderable advance has Deen the result, and
an enormous amount of business has been the
result and an enormous amout at of business has
been transacted. Apart from ahis, however, bu
siness get terally wears a more healthy appear
ance than it has done for some time past, and
confidence is reviving.
During th*.e last week Cotton, to the enormous
quantity 0ft53,000 bales, has changed bands
half on speculation and the other half to the
trade Price: r, in some instances, have advan
ced as much a s a farthing, in every instance an
eight per lb., t vhich, making every allowance
for the news br ought by the steamer, is consider
ed somewhat < extraordinary, when there is at
present on hand a stock very little short ol a mil
lion of bales. Contemporaneous with the
Acadia’s advices, the manufacturing districts
have been experiencing t? revival, and both cir
cumstances have transpire? t 0 P rociuce
traordinary excitement in the' ? iar^ e L whlC l ! 1 h , aS
just been witnessted. The traa' e 01 Manchester
is at the preserg moment in a sta te g reater ac *
tivity than it has been for some y<. „
all the monthly circulars published ,n '
describe the activity to be general. lne
improvement is not confined to Cotton
the Wollen, Iron, and other trades have receiv
ed an impetus. Foreign orders from vu’ no ® s
parts of the world are coming in; butwha ’ 1S
still better, as indicating a permanent improv< ? -
ment, the home trade is in a far more prosperous
state.
This favorable state of affairs, is the resujj of
extensive orders trona Russia, India, the Levant,
and Germany, while the accounts of English
manufactured goods received from the United
States, especially the southern parts, are said to
be encouraging.
The Iron Trade.—There has been a decided
movement tor the better in lhe iron trade; the re
duction of 10s. per ton which took place at the
last quarterly meeting has been abrogated, and
the price stands as’ it did about three months
since. All lhe forges and mills, speaking gen
erally, are said to be actively employed, but no
additional blast furnaces have as yet been set
to work.
London Money Mrrket, Sept. 4.— Some
idle rumors connected with the sudden depart
ure from this country of the Royal Princes of
France, and an unfounded report in the Times,
that a French vessel laden with arms for Ireland
had been captured by an English war steamer,
have caused considerable alarm in the money
market, and on last Friday week prices of Con
sols fell to 94. Since that period, however, they
have been gradually assuming a firmer aspect;
the decline has been more than recovered, and
they close at 95}, with a good demand. The is
sue of money in payment of the Opium sc rip,
has caused several investments. In lhe Fort sign
market Mexican Bonds are in request, at a very
considerable improvement; a broker unconn< sCt
ed with speculation purchased £20,000 on M' ou
tlay, and there is now little doubt ot the Octol 'er
dividend being paid, when, it is probable, the. re
will be a further rise.
Monday, 4 P. M.
There has been considerable business trans
acted in foreign bonds. Brazil Bonds have
been done at 75, Buenos Ayres at 26}, Chilian
at 100, Mexican at 38} Money and 38} tor Ac
count, Peruvian at 20}; Portuguese Three pel
Cents at 43}, Spanish Five per Cents at 19}, and
Three per Cents at 26}. There has been oth
erwise no peculiar feature in the market.
Liverpool September 2.
Since our circular of 19th ult. by last steamer,
the weather has for the most part been extremely
favorable for the harvest, and that question, so
far as it can influence trade, may be considered
as satisfactorily settled. More than one nail the
crops must be already well secured, and although
bad weather hereafter might injure the quality ol
the grain in some of the backward districts, there
can no longer, we believe, be a reasonable doubt
of the harvest proving ample in quantity. This
has a salutary influence on trade both with us
and in the manufacturing districts.
The good demand for cotton noticed' in| our
last, continued during the succeetfing ten days
with some further improvement in prices, and the
market again received a fresh impulse on the 29tn •
ult., from the accounts by the Acadia steamer
with more unfavorable representations of the
prospects for the American crop, since when the
business has been unusually extensive, including
large speculative operations, and at higher prices,
the advance being now }d per lb on the rates cur
rent at the departure of the last steamer, 19th
ult. The sales for the week ended 25th ult were,
48,610 bales, of which 17,000 were on speculation
and 1200 for export, and for the week ended last
evening, the business hniounted to 63.130 b*ies,
29,000 of it bring to speculators, and 2000 for ex-'
portation. Os thia last week’s business 13,120
were Upland at 3} a s}; 20,170 Orleans at 3} a 6},
with tom* fcfiey lots at 6j a 7; 47,348 Mobil* uul
VOL. Vn-NO. 39.
Alabama at 3} a s}; and 860 Sea Island at 7} a
20, with ‘260 stained at 3} a 6d. The greater part
of the Sea Island was by auction yesterday at full
prices. We now quote Upland a 6|, fair ;
Orleans 3} a 6}, fair sd; Mobile 3J a s}, fair 4},
and Alabama and Tennessee 3} a 4} if lb> The
difference which caused the “turn out’ of spin
ners at Ashton was, as had been expected, speed
ily settled, and the improved demand for both
goods and yarns has continued at advanced pri
ces equal to the rise in cotton. The import into
Liverpool since the Ist January amounts to
1,382,000 bales, against 993,000 to the same peri
riod last season; the supply from the U. States la
1,212,000, being an increase of 392,000 bales. —
The stock in this port is estimated at 870,000
bales against 576,000 last season at same period.
The stick of American is about 675,000, or 260,000
more than it then was.]
September 5.
Since the above was written on Saturday mor
ning, 2d inst., the demand for cotton has been
comparatively moderate, and the speculative op
erations quite limited. The sales that day were
about 5000 bales, and yesterday they were esti
mated at 6000 bales, speculators having taken
2000 bales in the two days. We are not aware of
any cause for the change, if the previous opera
tions were well founded, and as holders do not
press sales beyond the demand, prices appear
steady, though there must always be a difference
in the rates between a brisk and quiet market
aud a turn in favorof buyers. The future course
of the market must depend greatly on the subse
quent accounts of the American crop. Ths
weather continues extremely favorable for the
harvest.
Ltvxarooi., Aug. 25th.
Cotton.— Both speculators and the trade have
purchased extensively of cotton this week, and
though no decided advance is quoted on Ameri
can descriptions, an amendment of id per lb. has,
closes steadily, with a cheering aspect for hold
ers. Speculators have bought 1700 American,
and the entire sales have amounted to 48,610
bales, viz: 41,000 American, 3170 Brazil, 2040
Egyptian, 60 West India, 2340 East India, &c.
Livibsool, Sep. Ist.
On Saturday and Monday last, a fair amount
of business was done, the sales averaging about
6000 bales each day, but the reports of inj’ury
done to the new crop by wet, which were receiv
ed on Tuesday morning, by the Acadia, gave an
unexpected impetus to the demand, and alto
gether changed the aspect of our market. The
sjieculative purchases have been on a most ex
tensive scale; the trade have also bought more
freely, and though prices of Americas have ad
vanced i to } per lb., some parties have withdrawn
their stocks in anticipation of a further improve
ment. Egyptian and Surat at fd to }d per lb.
higher, and Brazil is rather dearer. Today the
demand has been less extensive than previously,
but prices continue firm. The sales this week
have comprised 63,130 bales, viz: 62,340 Ameri
can, 4000 Brazil, 1530 Egyptian, 100 West India,
&c., nnd 5,160 East Indiu, &c: 1,300 Sea Island,
and 300 Stained, were offered by auction today,
and most part found buyers, in some instances
at an advance of jd per lb. on previous rate*. —
Speculators have taken 27,300 American, and
2,000 Surat.
Livxbfool, Tuesday, 4 o’clock P. M. Sep. 5.
The Cotton Trade since the close of last week,
has not displayed any degree of briskness: the
general tone of the market has been firm, and
the quotations of Friday continue steady. The
demand on the whole has proved tolerably firm t
the transactions on Saturday consisted of 4,000
bags, yesterday 6,000, and today they will amount
to 4,000 bales. In American produce generally,
nothing of material importance has occurred,
business being quiet but firm.
Havre, August 31.
Cotton —There has been again a g od degree
of activity displayed in our.market since our pre
ceding report; the sales during the last three days
of the past week amounted to upwards of 9000
bales, and a further advance of f 1 to 2 was ob
tained on United States, middling descriptions in
particular, to which the attention of buyers wss
chiefly directed.
The transactions have, however, been to a less
considerable extent since the opening of the pre
sent week, although they still continue to be ra
ther brisk, but the falling off'in the demand is per
haps momentary, and may be ascribed mainly to
the recent large operations, but also In some mea
sure to the tenacity of holders who seem inclined
to raise their pretensions. This firm attitude,
CG upled with a general feeling of confidence which
h es been increased by the favorable tenor of the
advicC ß t 0 Bth inst., brought by the Argo from
New Y °’lU and the reiterated encouraging ac
coui ts fr. om Liverpool, have imparted fresh life
to RiiM-iilat/on; and as the shipments coming fori
ward from th. e otller side ‘b® Atlantic are like
ly to be very cl? cumscribed for some time hence,
there appears to J lB every prospect of further im
provement in price. I ’’ an anticipation which the
present amended asp’ ecl business seems fully
tojustify.
The imports of cotton oaring this month a
mount to 13,807 bales and tfle sales to 49,660, in
cluding the portion held by speculators, which
may be stated at about 7,000 bates. The advance
during the same period may be written at f. 5 to 6
on American ordinary and middling qualities, and
£ 1 to 2 on superior grades.
September 2.
Immediately on the receipt ofthe advices from
New York to the 16th ult., which reached us on
Thursday last, in conjunction with very healthy
accounts from Liverpool, our market at once as
sumed a most animated tone, and a large amount
of business was done at an advance of If to 3 for
ordinary and middling sorts of American Cotton.
Yesterday, however, the demand abated and - 'the
sales did not exceed 2090 bales, but the trade
closed firmly.
Lonoon, September 4.
Cotton. —We have had a good market for Cot
ton, but the demand has been checked by hold
ers requirfng an advance of }d. per lb. on previous
rntes. The sales of the last week comprised 2,-
100 bales Surat at 3d a 3}d, 150 Madras at 3} to
3|d, and Bowed Georgia at4}d to 4|d per lb.
Antwerp, August 19.
Cotton—Prevent all operations in that’artlcle,
and confined the sales of the week to about 300
bales Louisiana, at the current price of the day.
The Principles of our Opponents.
The New York Tribune says:— The 'ate Sy
racuse C< nvention a lopted a series of resolu
tions drawn up by its regular committee. The
following is the most important ol' them:
“Resolved, That we retain undiminiahed opposition
to Federal measures and principles in every lorm and
under every name. We are opposed to a National
Bank—to a large Army or Navy—to a prohibition sys
tem of duties—to lhe assumption of State Debts—to the
Distribution of the Land Moneys, and loan extrava
gant and costly administration of the Slate Govern*
ment—while we approve and will support an economi
cal and retrenching system of expense—a moderate and
reduced Naval and Military establishment in peace—a
Divorce of the Money Power from the Political Power
-an Independent Treasury—a Tariff founded on Keve
’ -e principles and wisely discriminating for the en
con 'agemenl ol Labor in Agriculture, Commerce and
Manu ladares, and a policy of Government fostering
, uthortties, Internal peace and tranquility, end
Btate a ( ence o f all foreign influence and control.”
inuepen. “
'i' i,» deral measures” here obliquely as
are--!• “z\ National Bank.” Now lhe
fflfetVaiiona 1 Bank, as these men well know,
g cX ", li .“>'•>■*. f
Henry Clay, and wa. s opposed by nearly all the
then inCL n g re f. deluding Rufus
King, Daniel Webstei 2. “To a
large Army or Navy.” I. he Army was increas
ed, a few years since, by a Buren Con
gress, on motion of Thomas £•• aud
was cut down again by the firs 1 W.jig Con
gress thereafter, in 1841-2. 3. “’x o at prohibi
lion system ol"duties.” We suppose' they mean
by this the Pr otective System, which has been
approved by every Republican President* of the
Union down to Jackson, inclusive; while the
only Presidei.ts who have not recommended it
in their Messages, are old John Adams, Martin
Van Buren, and John Tyler. The federal par
ty opposed the protective policy very decidedly
from the outset as long as there was any federal
party; while Tammany Hall was long the
head quarters ot protective principles, and in
1819 the Tammany Society issued a tong and
able Address in pamphlet form in lavor ot deci
dedly prohibitory duties. 3. “To the Assump
tion of State Debts.” In the last Congress,
there were two advocates of such Assumption
among one hundred and seventy Whig Mem
bers and nobody thinks or believes that the
Whig party is in favor of Assumption. 4. “To
the Di stribuiion of the Land Moneys.” The
idea ol a distribution of a portion of the federal
revenue » the States was first suggested by
Thomas . Jefferson in his message ol 1806, and
revived by ’ Andrew Jackson in his message ot
1830. So much for his “federal measure.—s.
“To an ext ravagant and costly administration
of the Govet nmebt.” If these gentlemen know
of any more “extravagant and costly adminis
tration” than that ot Marlin Van Buren, whom
they re-nom mate for President, we will thank
them to parade the figures.
Btit they likewise tell us they are in tavot of
a moderate am I reduced naval and military' es
tablishment in time of peace. Very good doc
trine ; let us set *• them practice upon it.—Of an
Independent Ti easury. Gammon! Was the
U. S. Treasury any more “independent” of
Jes.se Hoyt and the North American Trust
Company, after tl 'e Sub-Treasury bill passed,
tnan it was before 'I Let the Records of our
Courts answer.—C 'i a Tariff founded on reven
ue principles, and t visely discriminating for the
encouragement ofl 'abor in agriculture, com
merce and manufat :tures. This is just like
saying that they are fond of black birds with
. white leathers. So I ar as their language can
be made to mean any thing, it describes the pre
sent Tariff. '.V hy cou Idn’t they just say plain
ly that they are in favoi * of or opposed to any
radical change in it ? i Mr. Van Buren has re
cently written a private i 'etter to a friend in Vir
ginia, whibh the Richm< tnd Enquirer says de
clares him "opposed to the present Tariff, 'both in
Us principles and its detr. . ds-”— Whv won’t he
and his friends talk as plai uly in publia Mthsy
B»vsr hesitate t» do privi