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OLD SERIES, VOL. LVIL
THE CHRONICLE & SENTIKF.L
IS ,V«U.»HF.D DAiy, TRI-WKEKLV, AND WBSKLt
BY J. W.' & W. S. JONES.
The Weekly Chronicle x Seftline
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FRIDAY MO it NIN G. NO vE MBE A
*A Dtsc.
-Mike Walsh in a speech whuh he made: m
the Park on Wednesday evening, made a state
meal'which throws some funner light on l.te
character of the l ite attempt to overthrow the
constitutional Gove nment of Rhode
rather which corroborates and fortifies the uni
versal conviction that a more wicked and alro-
■ _s“ tCfltflt'Jtl !,■■•> AT 1 .th fl
any State. At about that time, Walsh said he
had organized a band of 300 men who were
going to Texas to seek their fortune. They
were on the very eve of starting, when they w ere
applied to by Levi D Slamm, Jo Hopkins, and
other prominent Locofocos, and asked to go to
Rhode Island and aid Tom Dorr in overthrow
ing the established Constitution and making
himselfGoveinor. They consented and lefttheir
employers to make all necessary' arrangements.
But Mike says they contented themselves with
passing some windy resolutions, declaring their
readiness to leave their bones bleaching in Rhode
Island, and in the enu did nothing at all
not a bone of them moving in that direct ion I
The Cherokee Murdeh. —The Van Buren
(Ark.) Intelligencer of the 14th u1.., states that
the trial of Jacob West and others, tor the mur
der of Isaac Bushyhead and an attack upon
Mr. David Vana, commenced on the2sth Sep
tember. Jacob West has been convicted, and
was sentenced to be hung on the 11th ult. The
other cases have not been heard froth. The ju
ry recommended West to the Chief for pardon,
and it was supposed that the sentence would be
remitted.
The Richmond Whig says, the Globe i' la
boring" to prove that Mr. Clay has changed h.s
opinion about a high tariff —that he is lot low
er duties now than he was several years ago.
Very well, Mr. lilobe—nobody denies it. But
there is a good and sufficient reason lor the
change, which was given in that Brunson Letter,
which so much gravvhed the Democrats. Ihe
manufactures, essential to national independ
ence, have taken root and do not require so
much protection; and very high duties are not
required for an economical adminisuation of
the Government. .
Whigs op ’76 and '44. —The last survivor
of Washington’s Foot (Capt. Jesse
Smith) heads the list of delegates to the Ando
ver, (Mass.,) Convention, trum Salem, and the
last survivor of the Minute Men who fought al
Lexington, (General Foster,) heads the Dan
vers list. Both the old heroes fought at thebat
tie of B tinker 11 il I, and wil I tight for Ha rry Clay
it their lives be spared next year! *
* jjpGiNctNNATt co tinues to grow with al
most .
buildings—in all 101)1; 173
buildings are now in various stages ot forward
ness. The buildings of this year are greater in
number than the whole city included twenty
eight years ago; and the Gazette remarks that
the disparity is still greater in regard to ele
ganceand value. The buildingserectedduiing
the last four years exceed in number, and still
further in importance and character, the entile
buildings of Cincinnati only fifteen years ago.
We learn from the Niagara Courier that a
body ot Prussians, consisting of eighty-six fam
ilies and nearly lour hundred persons, have pur
chased over eighteen hundred acres of land in
the town of Wakefield, New York, on which
they have already found a settlement and com
menced improvements.
Show.—The Memphis Enquirer of the 28lh
ult., states that there was a heavy fall of snow
on Thursday afternoon, for nearly an hour. It
melted, however, as fast as it fell. Winter lias
made us an unusually early visit—calling upon
us even before we have made acquaintance with
our dreamy favorite, the “Indian summer.
The Natchez Courier of the 30lh, says also,
there was, on Friday morning last, in that place,
a slight, a ver J slight sprinkle of snow. “One
of the oldest inhabitants” remarked that he had
never before seen snow inNatchez in the month
of October. We Mississippian* arc a great
people, though—there’s no telling what we
might do, il put to a trial.
New Orleans, November 4.
Il is really a cheering sight to view the bus
tle, activity and animation that is now daily ob
servable along the Levee, more particularly on
he wharfs ot the Second Municipality. Such
jumping ashore as there is from steamboats
such rolling of packages, barrels and’ bales
such rattling ot drays—such jocund chorusing
of the negroes, as, with a long pull and a strong
pull, they pull altogether—such entering down
have lhe Levee clerks, and so numerous and so
varied are the evidences of business and indus
try on every side—around, across and about,
that he must be a sluggard and a slothful man,
indeed, whom the scene would not animate and
urge on to labor.— Pic.
Mobile, November 5.
Health of the City.—On Friday and yes
terday, we are glad to say, the number of deaths
was not as great as in the earlier part of the
week—and from w hat we could leai n yesterday,
the sickness i somewhat abating As nj p .st
experience is of any avail this season, we shall
not pretend to say whether the improvement is i
permanent, or only temporary; an I as to people |
returning, why, if they come, we shall be glad j
to see them—and if they .stay away, well and
‘ good; they are obl’ged u> coine back some time
oroiher-’at.d with that belief, we will console
ourselves. — H:raU.
Correspondence of the "North. American.
Nt.w York, November 5.
Cold weather is upon us in good earnest. —
The first ice of t ie season made last night of
quarter an inch in thickness, and the air as
sharp as January. It is reported that ice was
seen floating in tue harbor this morning, put it
is hardly credible. All the Northern papers
are full of accounts of sn >w storm- ana old
weather, an t causes great activity among tor
warders. More goods are going forward than
at anv period of the year, lhe canals inu-i
now close in tbtee weeks time. It is sai.l mote
flour and grain is now* between Albany amt Bul
falo than al any lime this year.
The Don Juan, hence tor New Orleans lost
on Abaco, is one of the finest class oi ships,
and is insured in Wail street for some $5 >,OUO.
No steamer was telegraphed at Boston when
Messrs. Harden left, nor had there been any' ai
rivals torthe dav. The only news brought by
the mail is the arrest of two brothers named
Rand, for robbing the Quincy stage oi SltX'J
in bank notes —The money had not been recov
ered. ;
A very large fleet of coasters nave arrived
to-day, and some foreign vessels— among them
2 vessels with full cargoes from Malaga.
The on!" change worthy cl notice in the
market yesterday, was an advance of 6f cents
in flour with not much inclination to sell; as
stock of all kinds advanced materially and are
likely to maintain the advance. The greater
part of the government, New York, O.iio and
Kentucky slocks being lor investment.
Revoi.vtionarv.—One day, in the middle ol
winter, General Gteene, « h*n passing a sentinel,
who was barefooted, said, “I fear, my good fel
low, you sutler much from th' severe cold?”
“Very much,’’ was the reply, “but 1 do not
complain: 1 know I should fare bi tter had oar
General the means of gening supplies. They
say, however, that in a lew days «e shall have
a battle, when 1 shall take care to secure a pair
ofshoes.”
Mr. Adams.—The citizens ot Cincinnati are
making preparations on a splended scale for the
reception of the venerable Ex-President, and
the taring of th* sornsr-stone of th* Asuohoau
cal Observatory.
Mr. Preston's Eulogy.
The Charleston Courier, in a notice of th.
ceremonies in that city on Tuesday, in honor o
me late High S. Leuare, thus alludes to th
eulogy pronounced t.y the Hon. W. C. Prestos
The eulogy was pronounced by the Hu
.Viilia.n C. Preston, who, fur near an hum at.
a half, enchained tue attention ol a d*e i ly n
crested audience, with one ot the richest (east
,f bota mind and heart, it has ever well tnf*
■ri.tiiege lo enjoy. It has been olten remarse.
~attue eulogy is a most iiutieuk species t
composition, «nd one in whicn lhe great uratu
.requ inly fails to achieve a success coriesponu
mg with Ins previous fame; but on the preset:,
occasion, t le eulogist was signally felicitous,
coming up to the lull measure ol public expec
ration, raised to the highest point by the we),
xnouu triumphs ol his senatorial eloquence.—
u is but echoing me universal sentiment to pro
nounce Mr. Preston’s petformance a masterly
offer.; cnaste and s tuple in style, yet glowing
with fine imagery' ana pervaded by a touching
pathos and winning tenderness; in its narrauvt
lull of the cliarui ol biography, and in ils'tuuie
reflective portions replete with all and the high
er requisi es of the funeral oration; at once j ust,
generous in its estimate and delineation oi he
cnaraner of the deceased, and elegant andtlis
eriminating in its criticism of his productions
ana performances as a writer and a speaker. 1,
was inaecd a worthy tribute io the illustrious
Legare, as a scholar, a jurist, an orator, a wri
.jtLuuj.l a statesman, . alia, to bis character as a
man orgentle'virtues and pure ainf riijnie na
ture—and, when published, as it will doubtless
be, we hesitate not lo say that it will take the
highest rank as a literary performance, and' be
regarded asa model torfuture efl'ortsin the same
line ot composition.'
Loss of the Steamer Luda:—We are pained
to notice the loss of mis tine steamer, favorably
It own as one of the regular packets between
tnis and Bayou Sara. Yesterday morning at
about 2 o’clock, the Luda on her upward trip,
and the steamer De Soto bound down with a
load ot cotton, came in collision near Bayou
Goula landing, parish ol Inberville, which un
fortunately resulted in the immediate sinking of
the Luda in 25 feet water. The night was very
dark, and the lights rattier deceptive, so that it is
difficult to say which boat was iu fault. The De
Solo was compelled to throw overboard about
150 bales cotton lo lighten her bow and prevent
the boat from sinking. She sustained, besides,
some other damage by the accident, but not suf
ficient, we are informed, to prevent her from
leaving on her regular day (next Sunday morn
ing.) Two ol the hands on the Luda are said
to be missing.— N. O. Tropic.
Defalcation. — Ihe rumor prevails, and we
believe is generally credited, that within the last
lew days, a considerable defalcation has been
discovered in lhe accounts of one of the clerks
in the Louisiana State Bank.— N. O. Bee.
“Gen. Tyson.”—This individual, says the
Richmond vv hig, has been appointed Assistant
Postmasl r General. He was (it will ue recol
lected,) a; pointed to some post in Philadelphia,
and 'ejected by a large majority of the senate,
as unfit, in all respects, for any station of trust
under tue Government. The acting President,
in disregard of me Constitution and common de
cency, with Uns -tiguia resting upon him, has
ag iin t..rust him into an important office. It is
nut expected that the Senate will loutiruitneap
pmnt uent; but the flatterer ot the “Boys,” and
the creature ot “thePiesidem,” will haV' badan
opportunity of putting money in his putse, al
Hie public expense, before the Senate can act.
i ha 's all that is desired
■ Men of all part es ought to scowl upon such
practic-s, which Tyler is making to be every
day occurrences, lhe Senate is, by the Con
stitution, made a part of the appointing power.
It was never intended, that any man sb-ould lea
public officer, except in cases of acci dent, with
out tue sanction and concuirence v j the Senate.
Mr. Tyler, in flagrant violation o>. this recogni
zed principle of our instituiio’js, has exerted
t.iniself to reward as many of his own crea
tures as he can, before the m'eeting ot Congress.
Vacancies have been crea’.ed for no other pur
pose, whatever, than to supply him with the
meansof bestowing lhe public money upon his
favotites. The Slv.Oi’x) f o r the China Mission
was squandered in this way, in the very teeth ot
get his lee betore the Senate meets. A Minis- !
ter is appointed to Constantinople, whois has- I
tening to leave our shores, ere he i■"overhauled
by the Senate. A vacant post in Portugal is
filled, just on lhe eve of tie meeting ol Con
gress. The vacancy which Tyson fills, and
many others, too numerous to mention, have
been created for the object above indicated.
We repeat, that such conduct as this merits,
and should receive, lhe stein reprobation ol
honest men ofall parties.
Justice Thompson of the United Slates Su
preme Court, continues exceedingly ill, at
Poughkeepsie, and but faint hopes are enter
tained of his recovery’.
Sugar Refinery in St. Lol'is.—A new su
gar refinery has been established in St. Louis,
which will turn out from 10(10 to 1500 pounds
of refined sugar per day.
The new Episcopal Church in Athens, Ga.,
will be consecrated on the 19 th of this month.
From 600 to 1000 barrels of beef are packed
daily in Chicago.
Show us the man among ins.who is continual
ly complaining for the want of trade, and at the
same time is wondering “ho-w the dickens” such
and such places havesi great a run of custom,
we will show you one who is too penurious to
spare ten or fifteen dollars a year for advertising.
—Catskill R carder.
Bank of Pennsylvania.— lhe Philadelphia
American of Monday says:
We are pleased to learn that the Bank of
Pennsylvania has resumed all the ordinary
banking business, which was uiscontjnued dur
ing tier late embarrassments.
Unanimous.— The steam boat Duke of Orleans
arrived yestetday irom Cincinnati, with 100 pas
sengers. A friend who was on boa rd informs
us mat a motion was made to take the vote of
the passengers on the Presidential question; but
before it was cariied into effect, it was ascer
tained that they were unanimously lor Henry
Clay, and all formalities were dispensed with,
the vote would have been taken in due form,
but as all on board were daymen, a formal vote
would have looked too much like tftinecessary
cruelly—to animals! —TV. O. Tropic‘3il inst.
From the N. O. Tropic.
John Quincy Adams.
This time-honored statesman has lately de
livered an address to his const luetits of the
i Eighth Congressional Distiict of Massachusetts,
| which, considering the sou ice from whence it
I came, and lhe bold an t iriginal views it msdn-
I tains, will be found especially worthy the au.en
tion of oar citizens. Mr. Adans’ por.ilioti is pe
culiar—the notions he cherishes are, in many in
spects peculiar; he is in every aspect of the case,
a very peculiar man. But we are proud to ac
knowledge ourselves among those who nourish
tor the aged patriot leelingsol lhehigliest vener
ation and respect, anil that degiee of confidence
in the man which his entire public career has
been fully calculated to inspire. John (J; lincy
Adams, in our humble opinion, is as h ne-t a
man, as good a citizen, as pure: a repeiidican
I and American as this continent has ever pro
duced.
With regard to the sentiments entertained by
Mr. Adams on the subject of slavery and aboli
tion, but few words are necesnary. The address
to which Ae allude contains the fcllow'mg de
claration—it is ail the peopl.e of the South can
desire :
“.4s to the abolition of slrtpery, it is knovrdi that I
have declared, lime after tfi nc, that I lemtld not
votein Congress forttie ab sditwa of slavery in the
District of Columbia, bec-nuse it has been-, and is
my opinion, that when the. abolition takes place, il
should be without doing i niusticc to any onr>—it is,
that Congress have no power to take array the
slaves from those people in the District of Columbia
who now holt them. You may call them property
acquired by crime. IB u', however acquired., asanc
lion has been given lo il by the Coiislitution, and
I consider their projection as a part of the conpact
which 1 have swnr n to fulfil."
whilst the finer descriptions remain as they were
before the arrival of the B itannia. The sales
this morning d o not exceed 600 bales.
Western flour is in demand at. 84,651, at which
consid table sales have been made -Sl,7a is
asked by so me of the receivers, bit' ' e have ret
heard of an y sales of moment at that p ie to-da- .
A few hundxred barr Is of common Michies': sa 4
at -54,62 J. Southern kinds are in litmuduemano
at former prices.— Cour. 4- Enq.
Mataoa Grapes.—The Frederick (Mu ) Ex
aminersays :—A bunch of Malaga Grapes has
been left at our office, the fruit ol a vine which
was raised in the garden of Mrs. Brengle, '0
Second street, from the seed of imported grapes.
I They have the size and flavor of imported grapes.
and it would not be amiss for others to act on
this hint and add this delicious variety ot grapes
tn thsdr collection
SATURDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER, 11.
The Inaugural.
It is a source of nooidinary gratification f
s to invite the tender’s attention to the Inaugu
ilofGov.Crawford. Itisadocumcnt which,„
whether it be regarded for its terse and vigorous
tyle, its manly nnd dignified tone, or its enlarg
, d, liberal and patriotic views on alltheques
ions to which it refers,—rising superior lo tin
ns of the be justly classe.
mung lhe ablest State papers of the day. L
hort, it is equal to tlife occasion, is worthy of t
Vhig Governor, and is. therefore, the appropri
ite emanation W. Crawford.
Marine Disaster. —The N. O?Tropic says;
■‘We are informed by Capt. Gilpatrick, ol the
rig Hmhi'm, wfio arrived at this port on Wed
nesday last from Havana, tnat he saw ashore
on the 29th ultimo, about twenty five miles east
of that port, a barque supposed to be the Wind
sor, Capt. Brewer, from Boston bound to Havana,
Wd will probably be a total loss.
Sudden Death.—Air. William J. Vincent,
at Charleston, S. G. was yesterday morning
LMutul dead in his bed. It is supposed that lie
dietin'an~a,;upiectlc de was stflijeet "to
them. The deceased was about, alienuing to
his business, on the day and evening previous,
and apparently perfectly well; and nothing was
known of his sickness and death, until the ser
vant called in his room in the morning.—CWi tm
bus Enquirer <<f Sih inst.
AVno is a Professor ?—To this rather diffi
cult question the editor of the New York Com
mercial makes the following reply :
“Every mountebank who can play dexterous
ly with cups gnd balls, andevery itinerant lec
t irei who cad mouth out horrible rhetoric. For
merly it was a tide denoting high station at the
seats ol lea, ning in Europe nd* America, and
sound scholarsnip oi extraordinary scientificat
taii.mmits. Nut' so nuw-a-diays. We have
known a New Jer.-ey oyster-ma n doubbed a pro
fessor by the newspapers after making a balloon
ascension, and every dancing gill, who can
throw her bare legs over her shoulders is called
an orrlisle."
Why does the Commercial complain? There
never was an evil which so adroitly works out
its own cure as thi>; inordinate thirst for tides,
rendering them so common that they afibrd no
distinction whatever. Why, there is scarcely a
man ><o nu’AT has not some appendage to his I
name, miliUary, literary, or artibtical—in a whole
roomful you can hardly find a plain “Mister,”
and, in c onscquence, in plain Mister is like, lhe
unadorned Napoleon in his gray sur
round* ed by feathered and embroidered Marshals,
and distinguished by his lack of ornament.—
Pen- nsylvanimi.
/»t the dinner recenily given to Mr. K. M. T.
Hr inter by lhe Democracy of King XV illiarn
co unty. Win. H. Roane, Esq., was toasted by
tb e committee as
“The Democratic Sign-Post, standing on tne
‘Republican highway, poin ing to the Constitu
tion and his country’s good.”
Without passing on (he justness or the ele
gance of the conception which represents the
Ex-Senator as a HfgfwMinian, we may be per- ,
mitted to express our conviction, that not only
he, hut most ot hi< party, may be very aptly
likened to Sis;n-Pos‘s. They all ptniU to the
Coiistltutifn. an incih in its support.
With Republicanism and the Oonstirution ever
on their lips, they support men and measures di
rectly opposed to burn. — DaiwiLle
Sale of Rail Road Stock. —The Charles
ton Courier of yesterday says:
Four hundred and iorty-lbur shares South
Western Rail Road pouisville, Cincinnati
! Sei'smn.t that iHferal W the > tires
brought
Statue of Mr. Calhoun.—We learn by a
letter from Cincinnati, to lhe Baltim ore Patriot,
that the cel brated sculptor, Hiram a°owers, of
the former city, now in Itally, is engaged on a
statue of Mr. Calhoun, for some of his friends
in this State. The writers says, on the authori
■ ty of a letter from the tculptorto his brotl ter, “on
the completion of a statue of Mr. Cttihouri,
which will require about three months, the' J Eve’
[an elaborate work previously mentioned] and.
he Nnllifier, will be sent over from Italfy to
gether. This latter statue is to be paid for b v
some of the personal friends of Mr. Calhoun in
his own State, and is as large as life.”
Mr. Clay’s Southern Tour.
A Committee ol the Fayette Clay Club of
Virginia, addressed a letter to the Hon. Henry
Clay, under tfie date of Bth September last, in
which, alter expressing their “profound mortifi
cation at the unparallelled treachery of the act
ing President,” they invite him to visit that
Congressional District, either on his way to or
from North Carolina. One passage in their let
ter runs thus:
Although the Whigs of this transmontane re
gion, few and sparsely settled, partake more the
natuieof skirmishes than an embodied senied
Corps of lhe Army; yet they see not why, from
their mountain peaks, they should not raise the
rallying cry to the Whig forces scatteted, but not
defeated; and that cry will be Henry Clay of
Kentucky to Me resette? who will at the call of
his countrymen sacrifice that tong coveted but
briefly enjoyed repose of Ashland, and step forth
to carry out the great principles he has advocated
with a oneness of motive, a lofty persuasive elo
quence, jtnd a manly, iatrej.id frankness that
challenges an > has met the admiration ot his
countrymen !
To this invitation, Mr. Clay made thefollow
ing replv:
Ashland, Sept. 25, 1843
Gentlemen:—! have duly received your let
ter, as a Committeeof the Fayette Clay Club ot
Viigiuia, inviting me to vi'ittbe 14lft Congres
sional Districi ot Virginia and to meet my tel
low < itizens al some convenient central point in
it. You supposed that 1 might find it convenient
to do so, on my way to North Carolina. I
should have been most happy to accept your
kind invitation, if il were in my power; but I
expect to b_- at New Orleans this winter, ..nd to
proceed from thence to North Carolina, by
Georgia and South Carolina. And 1 intend to
rettun home by heeling. Although lam un
able to euj.'V the gratification of meeting my
leltow-t i izetisuf the mou. lain region of Kana
wha,! request you to assure tae Club of my grate
lul acknowledgements for the honor it has done <
me.
The treachery, Gentlemen, of the acting rre
ident to which you allude in terms of just indig
nation, is mortifying to us Atnei tcans.
Considering the youth of our republic, and
the virtuous and illustrious men wbo have fill
ed the office of Chief Magistrate ol the Union,
it is painful in the extreme to behold such an
exam] le of utter aban lomnent ot all theoblt
gatiotis of honor, of duty and ot fi ielity. But,
tar from allowing that degrading tact to throw
us into a state ol apathy and despondency, i
ought to stimulate every American freeman to
redouble his energies tn rescuing his Govern
ment Irom the impure hands into which it has
accidentally fallen. Against Mr. Tyler no ex
ertion is necessary. He will soon retire with
the contempt and amidst the scoffs of all honor
able men. Our efforts should be directed a
gainst those who first seduced and then profited
by him; those who, after having won him to
their uses, now affect to shrink from the contam
inating association; those who, alter his com
plete identification with them, and at the mo
ment when he is appropriating to their exclu
sive advantage the whole patronage of tbe Gov
ernment, unjustly upbraid us with the failure ot
measures, the adoption ol which was prevent
ed by his pertidity and their countenance and
support ol him.
Under those circumstances, I am sure, gen
tlemen. you will agree with me, that these are
not times, when we should deliver ourselves up
i o sentiments of ignoble despair, and a culpa
ble neglect of duty’ to our country. On the
'titrary, wc should redouble our exertions, and
firmly resolve never to cease employing them,
tntil the g ivernment is purified, and once more
•onfided to honest and faithful hands.
1 cannot conclude, without a tender of mv
ordtal thanks, for the sentiments of attachment
n l confidence towards me, which you have
tone me the lienor to convey, and ot assurance
ol my being
Your grateful friend,
And obedient servant,
H. CLAY.
Messrs. Alfred Beckley, Francis Tyree,
Charles Hugart, H. M. Dickinson, George Al
derson. James Y. Waite, &c. Ae
AUGUSTA, GA; THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 16, 1843.
{..augural Address.
Val/ew Cilizctukof lhe Smale,
and House oj Representatives:
Commencing and ending our terms of publi
ervioe about the same time, we shall, tosomt
xt< nt, be participants in lhe praise or blame i
ur works. Probably your active duties wil
■non cease—mine u ust continue.
A compliance with the last constitutional re
quirement will be the fulfilment of jwblic ex
eetanou by averting the nvcessity anu expensi
hf annual legislation. A rule of government
slablisbed for a period longer than half ol ;
•entury may not be supposed to be susceptible
>l'a ready or rapid change. Apart from lin
nveterai yof custom winch adheres with the
i.irceof individual habits, there will still beem
larrassment in remodelling the details ot the
■l.l, and accotiimodatingthem to the new system
l'o accomplish these ends will require a fore
cast at once minute and comprehensive.
.As a confederate, Georgia should yield com
pliance with federal authority only to the extent
of her constitutional obligations. Her past his
tory teaches the] rudence and safety of this lim
itation. But as 1 believe that the Stales have
delegated to the Federal Government the ulti-_
mate power of regulating “lhe times, places and'
rtiwnnc/' ol holding elecuons'' tor Representa
tives in Congress, and as that power has in pan
been exercised, compliance with it is only tidel-.
ity to a constitutional engagement.
’lt is moreover a measure whose tendency is
to ensure to tiiAt branch ol the Federal Legis
mre, otgauutatioh and preservation—to place
die ttefTMWrative in jnxta-position to. his r- m
stituents whereby, he is presumed more certain
ly to know and reflect their wishes and wants,
and toequalize, in some degree, power between
lhe large and smaller States—and as the large
States have, from motives of convenience or
good faith, conformed to ils requirements, the
smaller and recusant Stales have every induce
ment to do likewise.
A people whose industrial pursuits are chief
ly confined to the production of a tew great sta
ples, so bulky and cumbrous as not io permit
an easy exchange for other commodities of gen
eral use and necessity, are peculiarly interested
sio a sound cutrency. As the representative and
value of their labor, if it be not equal to the es
tablished standard, to that extent will be their
loss. Whatever, therefore, that is depreciated
or vicious, in our circulating medium, should
be effectually corrected or legally suppressed.
O'n this subject, the people ot these States
have' been taught by expedientsand experiments
lhe sTfeiy of adhering to a tried and approved
system- A stein necessity—the result ot a sad
experience, admonishes them to abandon the
pursuit of new and gilded schemes, and fall
back into the ancient ways of the Republic.
l he power of taxation should neither be tim
idly nor recklessly used. Adopting, as bases,
that the sup, ly should be restricted lo the public
wants, and that this supply should be apportion
ed on me principle that “equality is equjty,” we
may expect that sooner or later, | opular approval
will be added to the consolation of having per
formed our duty. A government of choice is
one to awaken pride. To this feeling, prop
erly cherished, every patriotic appeal may be
successfully made—every emergency—every
peril v. ill be met with its appropriate sacrifice.
Let us seek then to collect only that which is
necessary totlie public service, an I confidently
rely, under the influence of this feeling, mat the
supply will be cheerfully granted. But let us
seek not by the expedients ol the day, to supply
he wantso. the morrow. A properappreciation
of the present blessings that we enjoy forbids
ilie entailment of any unrequited burthens upon
our posterity.
The planol penetrating and passing through
our mountainous region wa- corniaencen, and
has been prosecuted principally on the credit of
lire State. Af.er the expenditure of a large
amount the work is still unfinished. In the
meantime, a general prostration ol all credit has
retarded its progress, and the policy of its sale,
even m its unfinished condition, has been inui
cated. I ardently hope that this policy will not
be pushed to a sacrifice of this great work. As
a means ot iLs completion, we should mainly
look to the resuscitation and employment of
Stale credit. The enterprise is worthy of the
State; in peace binding in bands of iron itsdis
tant parts in the kind offices ol neighborhood,
and stimulating industry to its greatest capacity
of production, by enhancing the rewards and
diminishing ibe burtnens oi laoor; in war,
furnishing a sate and sjeedy transit of its dis-
Experience lias proved that in the administra
tive justice of every people, uniformity ot de
cision is an essential element. To suppose
ihis result attainable under eleven judicatories,
j each having a Judge independent and final in
I his decisions, would be to suppose the exact si
| militude ot so many minds. Nor is the diffi
culty removed by the suggestion that the rule
prescribed is’the same to each. In mailers oth
er than of temporal concern we have seen dis
cordant and hostile opinions springing from a
s urce eternal and “unchangeably the same.”
From the variety of the human mind, we may
therefore expect u; on most subjects constant
conflicts of opinion,'until there is constituted
some authoritative standard to which they may
be referred and conformed.
Alter the displacement of the royal and sub
stitution of a republican government, the en
dowment of literary institutions was among tbe
earliest acts of our ancestors. IVhen, too, at
the close of the last century, our constitution
was revised and amended, we were solemnly
appointed the constitutional patrons of letters,
'f his example of the past, and this guaranty
tor tb- e present and future, illustrate that the be
gin!, ting was not to be the end—but rather as a
conn nuing proclamation of this fundamental
truth that the safest and cheapest defence of Re
puoli’ek ‘ is t° be found in their earnest and unre
mitted exertions to promote and enlarge the
blessings. ‘ of education
These an d other topics will doubtless pro
voke disctl. ss i°n and produce opposite opinions.
T..ey howt ver constitute the evidences, and,
when tempered with moderation, the safe-guards
of free instill.ttions. T hen like the tributaries
ofthe Father"? Waters, though we had our ori
gin in different dimes—though we have pursued
different courses.-though we have met with
various obstacles--and though we bear dif
ferent degrees of strength, yet here— in the ap
propriate channel, let onr councils, as their wa
ters, te commingled in peace.
1 am now ready to take the prescribed oath
which binds me to an office of arduous duties
and grave responsibilities. Ever oistr istfulut
tny own qualifications, 1 profess to bring to the
task nothing save the wish and resolve,foi.htully
to perform the high behests of the Constitution.
These, with your patriotic co-operation, and
all under tbe guidance of Heaven, I may hope
will add something to the prosperity ot our be
loved land, and vindicate before the world the
form and wisdom of popular government.
A journeyman printer lately set out on foot
f>t the interiorot Ohio, a distance of five hun
dred miles, with an old brass ruleund three dol
lars caslt iu his pocket. He soon found himself
in Pennsylvania, and being ueary, called at the
inn of a Dutchman, who he found quietly' smo
king his pipe, when tlie following dialogue en
sued: —
‘ Yell, Mislher Valking Sthiek, vot you
vont 1”
“Refreshment and repose.”
‘■Supper and lodgings, I reckon ?”
“Yes, sir,supper and lodgings.”
“Pe you a Yai.kee pedlar, mit chewelry in
your pack to cheat te gals?”
“No sir; no Yankee pedlar."
“A singing teach' r, too lazy to votk?”
“No, str.”
“A cheenteel shoemaker vot stebays till
Saturday night, and laysti thrunk in de porch
hatter feunday?”
“No, sir, or I should have mended my boots
before this. But lam not disposed lunger to
submit to this outlandish inquisition. Can you
give me supper and lodgings !”
“Torkely. But vot be you, a book aehent,
taking honest people’s money tor a little lamin’
hat only vakes em lazy ?”
“Try again, your worship.”
“A dentist, breaking te people’s chaws, ata
tollar a schnag, and running off mit old Sham
bock’s daughter?”
“No, sir, no tooth puller.”
“A Kernolojus, den. feeling te young folk'
beds, like so many cabbitch, and charging 25
cents for telling their fortunes, like a blamd
Yankee?”
“No: no phrenologist, neither, your Excellen
cy.”
“Veil, dsn, vot do title are you ? Choost tell,
and you shall have some of the best sassage for
suppor, and stchay all night, free gratis, rnitout
charghing you a cent; mit a chill of whiskey to
sthart on pelbre prekfast.”
“Very well, your honor. To terminate the
colloquy without further circumlocution, lam
an humble disciple of Faust—a ptofessor of the
art preservative of all arts—a typographer, at
your service!”
“Votsch dat?”
“A printer, sir, a man that prints books and
newspapers.”
“A man vo'printsnooshpapers! Oh! yaw!
yaw! By Choopiter—aye! aye! Datschit! a
man vot prints nooshpapers—yaw! yaw 1 Valk
up, valk up, Mislher Brinter! Cheems, take the
clmntleman’s packoff. Chrnn,pringsotnejunk.-
to the fire. A man vot prints nooshpapers. 1
vish I may be shot if I didn’t think you vos a tail
or"
I The Scotchman’s Prayer.—Keepmyputse
from the lawyer—my body from the doctor—and
tny soul from the devil
MONDAY’ MORNING NOVEMBER 11.
Gov. M’Donald’s Message.—For the follow
ng very lucid, profound and able review of Gov
mor M’Donald’s Message, wc ara indebted to
,ur learned cotcmporary of the Savannah Re
publican- we reconunend it the reader s atten
lion. ' | ?
“Non raggionanr di lor’,
Ma guarda e passa.’’ >1; ,
Our brother of the Republican omitted to
translate the above, and as we there are
•a few of our renders who do not refedltaltanpwe
Anglicise it thus:
Not ragged below
Ma, guard lhe patche*.
New YorkElectiutr.
We have only partial returns from the recent
election in New York, which, if correct, have
very agreeably disappointed us. The city has
gone lor the Locos by a majority!of only about
3JO average—and the returns general!),, show a
great increase in the Whig strenttb. Ihe Ex
press of Thursday morning elf ms a gain as
far as heard from of ten Whigs' in the Assem
bly—a day or two will remove a|l doubt.
£j"The first Cotton received] liife season a
Darien by the River, arrived ontiSi'tiirday last.
It came from Hawkinsville. Thjjrtty still
continues low, and'll '.rtrs wi’’- uhy
that a boat reached tire city from that point.
MoBtLE.-,The Whigs have again carried
this city—re-elected'Major Hopping by a
a large majority—carried the entire AV hig lick
et for Councilmen and nine of the liurteen Ai
dermen.
Later from Mexico.—By an arrival from
Matamoras, we learn, that the Texiati Commis
moners were at Matamoras, awaiting the arri
val of the Commissioners on the part of Mexico,
in order to settle the Boundary Line between
Texas and Mexico.
Toe schooner Watchman, Murrarv, was to
clear at the custom house on the 26th ult , for
this port, with thirty thousand dollars in specie
on board, and it the conductaarrived, which was
hourly expected, she would have more.—A. O.
Cnci-ier.
The National Intelligencer says:—The papers
brought by the late arrival inform us that Mr-
Cushing, our Minister to China, arrived at
Alexandria in the steamer Oriental on the 17th
September. He had an audience with the
Viceroy, and left on the same day for Suez,
whence he was to proceed to Bombay in the
monthly steamer, expecting there tc meet the
American squadron ready to receivebtm and to
convey him to China.
At a recent meetingofthe Pari Academy
of Sciences, an account was read of a flying ma
chine, propelled by steam, which has recently
been invented by a mechanic of Nuremburg. A
small model bas worked so well, that he has
been supplied with funds to enable him to con
struct one 12 feet long.
From the Georgia Courier.
Trade of the Tennessee and Coosa Vallies.
Western and Atlantic Railrua.l.
Almost all who have felt an interest in, and
advocated the system of Internal Improvement,
upon which Geo.gia has expended such large
su i.s ol money, and whicn has occasioned,
and still occasions, such a vast contrariety ot
o, inion, have been embarrassed we believe by
the simple questions, where is your trade to
come iroin? Wm nce will be derived lhe pro
fits and the benefits you anticipated? Many ar
dent niends.of the system, we apprehend, have
contented themselves with the plain axiom that
“like .-auses produce like effects,” and reason
ing irom analogy estimate ibr Georgia, that
the same prosperity, lhe same stimulus to en
in other parts ot the world. Tipinions thus
founded, are doubtless satisfactory to those
whose education and position in life enable
them to draw the comparison. But lhe pla«n
unlettered man, who struggles on through life,
views with a tar different eye these projects,
which involves the expenditurelohis apprehen
sion of countless sums of money. One consid
eration, and one only, most otten is evident lo
him, that from the sweat of his brow is drawn
the means by which these vast undertakings are
carried on; and with the natural tenacity with
which all cling to that which is with difficulty
obtained, he resists a claim upon his purse for
objects, tbe utility of which he does not con
cede. Now, to our apprehension, in the man
agement of the public works in Georgia, there
has not been sufficient attentisn paid to these con
siderations. The mere dictum of the officers lo
whom their construction has been entrusted,
has been deemed sufficient, when.the condescen
sion to mil gle with people, and elucidate the
subject in a manner suited to the comprehen
sion ol plain, uneducated persons, would have
been productive of happy effects. We are not
wont to say much about the virtue and intelli
gence of the people. We honestly believe that
there is great room for improvement, notwith
standing the constant declamation ot dema
gogues to the contrary. Still we are [icrsuaded
that there is no mystery in this subject oi inter
nal improvement, that the most oniinary minds
cannot lathom. The same facts and reasoning
that have produced conviction with us, would,
we think, similarly convince them. Doubtless,
the proper construction of works of Internal
Improvement requires profound scientific ac
quirements, and tneir alter management, expe
rience and judgment; but the wisdom of their
design, and their prospective benefits are mat
ters comprehensible by all. Under these con
victions, and impelled by an ardent devotion to
this subject, we have endeavored to place it be
fore our readers in a simple and clear manner,
and it maj' be, sometimes have med them wr h
it. We have been plqjsedto see, however, that
in some quarters, dur articles have met with
considerable favor, and we deem the importance
of the subject a foil satisfaction for all the space
it occupies in our columns.
Simple answers to the questions cited in the
beginning of this article, are atthis time the
more to be desired, as the subject will probably
undergo saerclting discussion in the Legisla
ture about to be convened. Ina former num
ber, in an article upon the ttade of the Coosa
Valley, we pointed out one source ol trade
which has been, we think heretofore, notsuffi
cieiitly considered. Below, we give anothe
statistical table, compiled also from the census
table of 1841, which we think still more inter
esting. ft embraces all the country watered by
the Coos-a and Tennessee rivers and their tribu
taries, above the Wetumpkaand Muscle Shoals.
It is proper to observe that in this estimate, we
cover a scope of country which aJfeady seeks a
market across the Georgia lines ot Improve
ment. We have indulged in no speculations
□ non the trade of the lower Tennessee, the
Cumberland and the Mississippi Vallies, a large
share of which we shall ultimately obtain.—
We desire to make it plain without subjecting
ourselves to the trite charge of being visionary,
that the eertain trade which will flow throu.h
our State, affords ample proof of the wisdom
of the design of our State works. The area of
country embraced in our table, is 30,000 square
miles—as large as all the New England States
together, exceepting Maine. The productive
capacity ot this section is almost unlimited,
and is as yet, not half developed. But a few
years since, the Indians occupied one hall its
territory In 1810, in the number of its live
stock, it would rank asthelOih State in the
Union. In wheat and oats as the 9th. In coin
as tbe sth, producing more than New York and
Pennsyvania together. In cotton, the produce
was greater than Louisiana, in population it
equals lhe States of South Carolina and Ala
bama. These are a few facts relating to this
interesting country which forms the back coun
try to our cities, and whose travel is beginning
to cross our line of Improvement. But this ar
ticle is already extended too long. We must
reserve to a futurenumber a continuation of the
subject.
A Statistical Table of the Population, Agricul
ture, Commerce and Manufactures of the
country watered by the Coosa and. Upper
Tennessee Rivers.
Population .'di';
Number of Horses and Mulesl:l,l3B
“ Neat Cattle
“ Bushels W heat 2,28 1 ,406
" “ 0at5....3,746,160
“ “ Rye 111,144
" " Indian C0rn24,295,946
“ “ P0tat0e5.717,716
“ Pounds W 001453,079
“ “ Tobacco gathered7l6,l3B
“ “ C0tt0n34,410,927
“ “ Sugar made 174,580
“ Retail Dry Goods, Groceries
and other Stores6s4
Amount of capital inve5ted83,442,873
do in Manuiacturessl,6lß,34B
do in Iron
Mr. Weed’s Letters from Europe.
<?<irrc»pondenco of the Albany Evening Journal
NO. XXVI I.
Havre, August 29.
“I bit down to write you a line—only think !
A letter from F ance. With French pens and French
ink •” x
We got into the docks at 12 o'clock, and I set
toot on rhe soil of “La Belle” France amid the
chatlerings of men, monkeys and parrots, all in
a language alike unintelligible. 1 feel, far more
sensibly than 1 expected, the embarrassment
and mortification and reproachot being ignorant
of a Language which has become so universal.
My first impulse was to return, instead oi at
tempting to travel deprived of two of the senses
—for deprived lam in all that can interest or in
struct—of tbe sense of hearing and ot speech.
The ears and tones of those who neither under
stand nor speak French, are quite useless. We
are even worse ofl than mutes, for they have a
language ot signs. It is on such occasions as
these that we realize and lament the waste of
time. 2k very lew of the hours and days and
weeks that I have squandered, directed to the
acquirement of the French language, would
have now spared me the mortification of travel
ling through France virtually Deat and Dumb!
But these regrets, so tar as my own enjoyment
is concerned, are wholly unavailing. Should
others, however, read this Letter, let them be
admonished to learn lhe French language, which
can always be done without intenerence with
Others studies. With sncii a knowledge of
French ashiay be aequiiefilroii'.' the Book's, ,-fe
•tew days residence in Fiance, to accustom the
ear to its pronunciation, enables the student to
speak fluently and with ease.
There is scarcely anything worth a Travel
ler’s attention at Havre. lam far more inter
ested with the People than the place. 1 had on
ly seen the French individually. Here I en
counter them as a Nation. We'knowthat they
are constitutionally a gay, polite and amuse
ment-seeking race; but theirgayeties, politeness
and frivolity far exceed mv expectations. You
would inter, on landing at Havre, from the num
bers ot Monkeys and Parrots upon tbe docks,
that these were the main articles of French com
merce. And in walking through the streets,
from the endless variety of gewgaws and frip
pery displayed inshop-windows, you would sup
pose that the French people were given over to
levity and lightness. As for the People them
selves, they seem to be living without responsi
bility or care. In strolling through the place, I
find nobody anxious or thoughtful—--nobody
miserable or e/cn unhappy. And the few men
dicants you see, come, not with wo-begone laces
and a pireous tale, but seek to amuse you with
the tricks of a Monkey, a white Mouse, a young
Alligator, or some fantastical contrivance in
mechanism.
On landing at Havre a Traveller begins (es
peciallyifhe comes from Englano)to experience
some of the Custom-House annoyances and
exactions which vex and plague you throughout
Europe. Our party, fortunately, had nothing
contraband but a lew Segars, on which they
made us pay a second duly ; but the “searching
operations” upon others were rigid and inquisi
torial. A Lady irom Ireland who came here to
educate her children, brought a Trunk full of
Clothes, upoh each and every article of which
she was required to pay a duty a ounting, in
most cases, io more than lhe material cost!
Havre is spoken of as a modern town, though
founded some ball century before the discovery
of America. I' has derived mo. to. its commer
cial importance from the trade witn our country.
1 here are no castles or monuments here, and
but few historicnl associations. There are but
lour hours in twenty-tour when large vessels
can gel in or out of lhe docks, which are capable
ot receiving 250 ships. There are American or
English partneis in most of the Shipping Houses
here; and the English language is more spoken
here than in any other town in France. Havre
was a point ot considerable interest during the
early wars between France and England. The
Duke ot Richmond embarked irom this port in
1485, with 4000 men furnished by Charles VIII,
and with whom, backed by the forces which
joined him after he lauded at Milford-Haven,
he encountered and overthrew lhe Usurper and
Tyrant Richard the Third. Shakspeare, you
will remember, makes Ratcliff report the rumor
ed embarkation of Richmond lo King Richard,
thus:—
“Mo«t mighty Sovereign, on the western coast
Rideth a putbsaut Navy; lo the shore
-
Os Buckingham lo welcome them ashore."
The Huguenots surrendered Havre to Queen
Elizabeth in 1562, but the English, under the
Earl ot Warwick, were subsequently driven out
by a besieging army commanded by the Con
stable Montmorency. The fleet ot William 111
made an unsuccessful attempt, tore-capture the
place in 1694. And in 1796 Sir Sidney Smith,
in attempting to cut out a French ship irom un
der its batteries, got upon the sand-banks, and
was himself captured by some gun boats.
English or American travellers, on landing at
Havre, are required to go personally before the
Mayor, who. receives their passports and gives
them a temporary permit for Paris, whither the
originals follow them.
Rouen, Aug. 30.
We left Havre this morning atß o’clock, in
the steamer for this place, which isaboutOOmiles.
There were from 250 to 275 passengers, with a
sprinkling of Monkeys, Parrots and Poodles. —
There is no regulation here, which prohibits
“smoking abaft the wheel.” Some twepty or
thirty French gentlemen, with huge mustaches,
are puffing their Segars in the faces of an hun
dred Ladies. Such an exhibition of bad taste
and ill-manners, in America, would have fur
nished John Bull with chapters for at least a
dozen books; but in France they pass such
things without remark.
The day was bright and the passage up lhe
beautiful Seine exceeding pleasant. The bay,
at the mouth of the River, is seven miles wide.
We stopped at Honfleur, (one of the towns in
France made classical in the “Sentimental Jour
ney”) to receive passengers. It is a dirty look
ing place, with 10,000 inhabitants, whose princi
pal traffic is in eggs, of which they send seven
thbousand dozen to England weekly. They
raise excellent fruit here, some ol which (melons
and peaches) was brought on boat'd. There are
several towns on tbe Seine enjoying consider
able commerce, as is indicated by the number
of vessels at their wharves. There is much
rural beauty along its banks; but in Agriculture
France is evidently a century behind England
and America. The various products of the soil
are cultivated in patches instead of fields. The
country seems divided into gardens rather than
farms. There are no fences here, as with us,
nor hedges as in England. You see but few
cattle or sheep, and no hogs. A Fanner of
Western New York, who dashes into his hun
dred acre wheat field with a force sufficient to
cut, rake, bind and thrash it in two orthree t.ays,
would be infinitely amused with the primitive
mode of harvesting in France. Here the wheat
is all cut with the sickle, and then bound by
women, who place the sheaves in a sort.of scrag
gy rack upon the back of donkeys, that move
along behind the reapers. When the donkey
gets loaded (some eight or ten small sheaves in
eich of his wooden saddle-bags) he is marched
off to the road, where the wheat is transferred to
a clumsy wagon and drawn lazily hence by
three French ponies, tandem, to the Granary!
In this way a dozen people consume a day in
harvesting an acre. Two thirds of the persons
I saw at work in the fields were women.
At 12 o’clock the Passengets began to order
their Breaklasts, which are served, as in their
Cale’s, in small rooms upon the guards of the
Boat. The breakfasts generally consisted of
red-wine, a mutton-chop and bread. A few or
dered Coffee instead of wine, and some added
butter to their bread ; while others substituted a
boded egg tor the mutt m-cbop. As there wete
more than 2UO persons to be provided for in this
way, the culinary department displayed much
activity for two or three hours; 1 have known
People, however, whose fastidiousness would
have preferred a long fast to a breakfast upon
plates and with knives and forks that had served
twenty others without having been removed
from the table.
There are several very pleasant Towns along
the Seine, the prettiest ot which is Candebec,
that seems, in passing, like a beautifully painted
landscape. All around Candebec yon see love
ly Villas and Chateaux. This town was taken
by the English, under the Earls of Talbot and
Warwick, in 1419. Quilleboeuf, an old town
with considerable shipping at its docks, is situa
ted upon a projecting promontory, and shows
very conspicuously The navigation ot the
Seine, at this point, is difficult and dangerous,
on account of the rapidity with which the tides
change the position of the sand bars. Vessels
are frequently lost here. During the French
Revolutioh the Telemaque, a Vessel containing
the monev and jewels of Bourbon Princes, was
wrecked and sunk here. These immense treas
ures are talked of, coveted, and sighed for, here,
as is the specie supposed to have been swallow
ed in the British Ship of War sunk near Hurl
gate during our Revolution.
There are clusters of hamlets along the river,
all enjoying the shade of fine groves, where the
Peasantry seem passing lives as pastoraliy tran
quil and happy as falls to the lot ot man. Indeed,
passing up’this charming River, 1 saw many
Cottages the grace and beauty of which awaken
ed sensations as delightful as those expressed so
sweetly and melodiously by Moore .
U I knew by the smoke, that so gracefully curl'd
Above the green elms, that a Cottage was near,
\nd I said, "If there's peace lo be found iu tbe world,
1 “A heart u*t wm bubble aifbl bspe Sot it her*.' “
This place (Rouen) is the capital of ancien.
Normandy, and is second only to Paris in his
toric associations; and in some respects scarce
ly second even to Paris. Under the auspices ol
Capt. Funk, the excellent and popular Com
mander of the Packet Ship Baltimore, who hau
just arrived from New York, and who accom
panied us to Paris, we visited the numerousob
jectsof interest in and about Rouen. In going
to our Hotel, we passed through several long,
narrow, dark, damp streets, rudely paved, atm
without side-walks, whose high gable-laceu
buildings at the eaves approached so near as al
most to form an arch, aud to exclude all but
some feeble rays of heaven’s light and air. Ar
rived at the Hotel, 1 was shown into the fifth
story of a most antiquated building. The stairs
are of Stone, into which loot-steps have worn
several inches. The bed-room is paved with a
species of brick, octagonal in form, and of vari
egated colors. There is an oaken table and
two rude chairs in my room, that are probably
as old as our good City of Albany.—Rouen,
though very ancient, is not in any respect a ru
in. It is a busy, bustling, thrifty town, its
commerce is large, and its manuiactures very
considerable; and it contains a population ot
92,000. The Seine spreads out 1000 feet here,
and Rouen has docks and wharves for 250 ves
sels. Along the Quay the old buildings have
been demolished, and replaced by blocks of spa
cious and massive yellow marble. These
modem structures present a beautiful front or
facings, for an interior of dark, devious, deso
late, winding labyrinths, from which a stran
ger extricates himselt with difficulty. In walk
ing through the centre parts of Rouen, you en
counter bad pavements, aU»so«U ot'filth, and tbe
most villanous odors.
Our first visit was to the Cathedral ot Notre
Dame, a vast and venerable pile, whose frown,
(as Counsellor Phillips said of Napoleon,) “ter
rifies the glance his magnificence attracts.” —
Without attempting to describe this splendid
Church, let me remind you of some of its asso
ciations. One of its tall spires was destroyed
by lightning in 1822, in the place of which,
somebody’s bad taste suggested a long, horrid
looking iron tube or chimney, which now de
forms and mars the view. The first Duke ot
Normandy was buried here in ths 13th century.
The heart of Richard Coeur de Lion, and the
bodies of his brothers, Henry and William, and
ol their uncle, the Duke of Bedford, were inter
red here. During the French Revolution, the
enormous Bell, together with the Coffins in
which several of the Cardinals, &c., had been
interred, were taken awat and melted into can
non and coins by the Revolutionists.
The BMiothcque Publique of Rouen contains
33,000 volumes, arming which is a richly orna
mented manuscript history of the Normans,
written in the 12th century. The Musce des
Antiquites is rich in curiosities, and no stranger
should pass Rouen without seeing them. In
this collection, you see tbe door of the house in
which Corneille was born. Its windows are ail
of the painted glass front suppressed Convents,
Churches, &c., ancLform a chronological series
from the 13th to tire 14th century. Among the
Autographs, is the “mark” ot William the
Conqueror, who could not write! Thareare
also the signatures of Richard Coeur de Lion
and several Norman Princes. Adjoining this
building is a Museum of Natural History.
The Church of St. Jervais is supposed to be
the oldest in Rouen, and one of the first Chris
tian Edifices in France. Its Roman tile, and
its style oi masonry, authorises a belief that its
construction was commenced as early as the4u>
century. William, tbe Conqueror, suffering
from the wound received at Mantes, retired lu
the Monastery of St. Jervais lo die, deserted by
friends, plundered by dependants, and abandon
ed even by his own sons.
There is a very miserable statue near the
Place de la Pucetle, which indicates the spot
where the heroine Joan d’Arc was burned alive
as a sorceress in 1431. The Quarterly Review,
in an article vindicating the character of this
Christian enthusiast and martyr, says that she
was sacrificed in the presence ot Cardinals,
Priests, and a multitude of people; that while
the flames were circling around her she held up
the emblem of her tailh and mission. In prison
she was subjected to insult, treachery and out
rage. She was dragged to trial witout counsel,
and brow-beaten by her brutal judges. But
shameful as was the injustice of England to
wards this illustrious maiden, they were not
alone cruel and remorseless. Her accuser, her
unjust Judge, and the false Priest who, under
the guise ol friendship, acted the spy, were
Frenchmen. And even Charles Vll,whoowed
lrt-sinr6nL tc her t oOfca-™—at
tended neither his ptotection nor his sympathy
to her. S >me twenty years alter her death, her
innocence was proclaimed, and the French,
having become masters of Rouen, raised a cross
on the spot where shq had been bound to the
stake.
It was at Rouen that Henry VIII. attended by
Cardinal Wolsey, had an interview with Francis
I. The House in which Corneille was born
stands in the Rue de la Pie, and a splendid statue
in honor of that great wriieris seen at the end of
the beautiful bridge over the Seine.
Rouen is the Lowel, of France. Its manufac
tories furnish employment for 50,000 people.
J have been trying to stop this sufficiently
long yarn, but my pen has kept running, with a
sort of cork-leg pertinacity, until it has at least
exhausted the patience of those whose good na
ture may have beguiled them half-way through
a “thrice-told tale?’ So now I’ll to bed, in a cell
strong and gloomy, and old enough lo have been
some unlucky wight’s prison-house three or
four hundred years ago.
no. xxvtn.
Paris, Sept. 16, 1843.
After closing a Letter, more than a fortnight
ago, at Rouen, I determined to stop scribbling.
The attempt to speak either of France or Paris,
without a knowledge of the Language, strikes
me as presumptuous if not ridiculous. But
some very indulgent friends at home insist upon
havingfurthei inflictions ot my dulness. Du
ring the summer months, in the absence of in
teresting matter, I am aware that newspapers are
compelled in tilling their columns, to take what
offers, but it is in seasons of intellectual famine
only, that thejr readers will consent to be fed on
mere husks. If, therefore, my garrulity should
exhaust the patience of the readers of the Eve
ning Journal, I shall look tor “acquittance" to
the “enforcement” ot my friends.
Paris is situated upon a vast plain. There is
no difficulty in obtaining, from several eleva
tions, fine panoramic views of the whole me
tropolis. These views present to the eye and to
the imagination a City as beautiful in prospect
as it is rich in associations. You survey, at a
single glance, objects which require ages for
mental digestion.
The river Seine divides Paris with almost
geographical accuracy. What was originally
Paris, is now a centrally situated Island, con
nected with both shores bj' Bridges. The mag
nificent Church oi Notre Dame, where Napoleon
was Crowned, is upon this Island. The Seine
is more of a river, through Paris, than 1 had
supposed. Its width, at the Bridge of Auster
litz, is 180 yards. In 1836 there was a popula
tion here of 900,000, exclusive ot soldiers and
strangers. 01the24,000 deaths that year, over
900 occurred in the Hospital; and of the 29,000
births during the’same year, nearly 5,000 infants
were ushered into this “breathing world” at the
Hospital. There are over 80,000 Paupers in the
Hospitals of Paris.
There is a strange Physiological fact in rela
tion to the Parisians. Races, it is said, run out
here. Or in other words, Families residing con
stantly in Paris, become extinct in one or two
centuries. But comparatively few Families, it
is affirmed, residing constantly in Paris, can
trace their genealogy back beyond the Reign of
Louis XIII. The constitutions ot those whose
ancestors constantly resided in Paris, for several
generations, become so effeminate and frail that
their oflspring are generally short lived; while
jhe Noblesse and Gentry, who pass their sum
mers in lhe country, upon their Manors and at
their Chateaux, preserve vigorous constitutions
and robust health.
Paris rests upon yellow marble ft rotations,
from which its Hotels, Mansions, Castles, Pal
aces, &c. are almost wholly constructed. This
marble, when taken from the quarries, is scarce
ly harder than chalk, but by exposure to the
atmosphere acquires solidity and endures like
granite.
The expenses ofthe city amount to from 48 to
50 millions of irancs annually, of which sum 30
millions of francs is derived from tbeir “Octroi
Duty.” This is a duty paid upon all articles
tor consumption brought into the metropolis, of
which Wine the principal. Indeed the amount
paid on Wine far exceeds that derived from all
other articles. The receipts into the city Treas
uty, for several years past, have exceeded the
expenditures by several millions ot francs an
nually. Guariis are stationed at all thegates and
avenues leading into the city, to prevent smug
gling. Every vehicle and individual, high or
low, are subject to inspection when entering the
city.
I find a vast amount of statistical information
in Bulwer’s work on France, a few items of
which follow. Cattle vary in value from 300 to
350 francs per head. Sheep sell from 20 to 25
francs. The price of Bread is regulated twice a
month, and in ordinary seasons amounts to_a_-
bout three pence per pound. There were 56,707
tradesmen’s licenses issued in 1840, for which
8,529,937 francs were paid to the city. Mechanics
receive from three to five fra,ncs per day, and
work from 10 to 12 hours. Laborers receive on
ly from 25 to 35 sous per day. The shops are
all kept by young women, who receive their
board and from 150 to 400 trancs per annum, ac
cording to their intelligence and attractions
But few JourueymuA or laborcis work ou Sun-
,ay afternoon or Monday morning. Fuel i
very expensive here. W ood is sold in basket!
in dimensions something kss than a bushel, a<
dveliancs per basket. From the departments
above Paris, about 14,000 boats arrive annual
ly with the productions of the soil; and from
Rouen and Havre about 1000 boats come freight
'd with colonial produce. Tbe poultry anu
jame consumed cost 7,475,041 francs, in 1840;
nutter, 11,507,695 francs; oysters 1,991,974; eggs
j 316,938. ’X here 18 a lar g e Floral traffic here.
Flowers are tor sale in all the market places,
.nd the amount received lor them, on Fete days,
is said frequently to exceed 30,UU0 irancs I
The Slaughtering lor Paris is done in “Abat
toirs,” five ol which were constructed by the or
der ot Napoleon, at different points, in the en
virons of the citv, at an expense of 16,510,000
trancs. These extensive and well regulated es
tablishments are much visited by strangers.
Rides about Paris are cheaper than in Lon
don or New York. A Cab, in which four per
sons ride comfortably, is required to take you to
any part ot the city tor one tranc and three-quar
ters, or il by the hour, fur two Irancs. A Ca
briolet, holding two persons, takes you to any
partol Paris tor forty sous, or if by the houi,one
ttanc. You are expected to add two or three
sous as a gratuity lo the Driver. Omnibus lines
are established throughout Paris, and to all
the places of interest aoout its environs. You
ride wherever you please about Paris, in an
Omnibus, tor six sous.
Having alluded to lhe tact that Women are tht
“Salesmen” throughout Paris, it is proper to say
that a sort of reciprocity exists. Much <t the
work performed by VV omen with us, is done
put your “room lo rights.” The snubbing—*and
«s carpets are little used here there is much ot
it —is done by men. Much of the washing, 100,
is done by males. Clothes, linen, Jtc. is not
here, as with us, washed at home, it is taken
away on Mondays by persons who have exten
sive arrangements tor the purpose, either into
the country or to large Arks upon the river, lu
approaching Paris you see numerous fields de
voted to this business, and along the river acres
of Arks with hundreds of people are engaged
"with “loul linen,” The cooking lor Pans is
mostly done by men. You will see, therefore,
that in this exchanging of work lhe gentier sex
get a decided advantage.
W e took lodgings, upon our arrival in Paris,
at the “Hotel Meurice,” in the Rue de Rivoti,
fronting the Garden oi the '1 utile ties. 'I nis is
perhaps the best Hotel in Palis, anu is so much
nequented by English and Americans that tue
most ol the servants speak English. We sat
down to bin tier there at the “ i able d’H'.'te’
with about an hundred ladies aud gentlemen,
l he table lui niiure and ornaments wute similai
to those at lhe Astor House, and lhe courses am.
dishes, though uittcrenny served, were in many
respects lhe same as we get there. W iin tue
exception ul soups, ot which we had here hail a
dozen different kinds, there are a greater Vatie'j
ot meals and mote uisltes ana ueltcaeies to ta.
uund upon the Astor House Table, evety- day,
than you get al Ute most expensive aUdlashtuu
able owners in Paris. But the osiemaiioue
manner ot serving diuners here gives to tucui at,
appearance ul variety and prom ton which is
artistic audl unreal. But there is one leuiute it.
thecu.inary system ol Patis with vthi h 1 am
ueliguted. ineirmealsare“well-doue.' Ihetc
is uu cannibalism here. Your roast beef, yuut
uuiled muiloh, your game,&c. &c, whenCatVed,
ao not took as it they cutue directly irom the
-shambles.
immediately after we were set down at Men
i ice’s, 1 strolled into the Garden ot the 1 uilferies,
where thousands ol people were quietly enjoy
ing its grateful shade aua delicate air. Satin
walked upon its terraces, arouud its loumain.-
or its flower beds, while others sat ia its at huts
or under its trees.—Children in joyous groups,
were at their gambols under lhe eye of Uteii
Governesses; belles with gallants in large mus
taches, were promenading: young ladies in great
numbers were engaged with their needle-wo,k;
while old ladies w ituout number were tondliug
their lap-dogs, in other parts ol lhe Garden
numerous families of lhe humbler class were
siding under trees, and cheerfully partaking oi
their trugal repast —bread and wine.
The Garden ot the Tuillertes contains 67
acres, and is situated upon tbe north bank of lhe
Seine, tronting the Palace of the Tuilleries on
the east, and the Place de la Concorde on lhe
west. Near the Palace are two insular flowet
gardens. An abundant and refreshing foliage is
t urn ished by groves of large chesnut, elm, orange
and li>n« ireeo. interspersed in all directions with
statues. Chairs are found all about tbefiarden,
for the use of which you pay two sous. Ou
Sunday afternoon, when the weather is warm,
the Garden f requently exhibits a dense mass <>>
people. Among lhe statuary are figures ofPro
methus, Alexander, Theseus, Cincinnatus, Spar
tacus, Themistocles, Diana, Flora, .Venus, &c.
tn the summer the Garden is open Irom 7 A. M.
until 9 in the evening, when guards, by the beat
ol the drum, wjrn lhe visitors out and close tbe
gates.
Adjoining the Garden of the Tuilleries is the
Place de la Concorde. This is a point of far
greiler and more thrilling historical interest
than any other in Paris. The name which it
now bears, not less than the quiet grace and
beauty with which it has been adorned, seem de
signed to efface, as tar as possible, the horrors
of its bloody history. It is situated between the
Garden of the Tuillieries and the Champs Ely
sees, and looks out to the west upon the Made
leine Church, and to the east upon the Cham
ber of Deputies, on the right ot which is also
seen the magnificent Dome of the Hospital of
Invalids, lhe prominent feature of the Place
de la Concorde, is the magnificent Obelisk erec
ted 1550 years before Christ, in trout of the
Temple of Thebes, which, with Cleopatra’s
Needles, were presented to the French Govern
ment by lhe Viceroy of Egypt. Eight hundred
men, under the direction of French Engineers,
were employed three months in removing these
enormous presents from their original positions
to the Nile, where they were shipped in aflat
bottomed Vessel built to receive them. The
Obelisk reached Paris in 1833, but was not ele
vated until 1836, in lhe presence of the Royal
family and an immense multitude ot the French
The Obelisk, as dug from the Egyptian quarry,
is 72 feet in height, and weighs 5U0.000 lbs. It
stands upon a plinth ot granite weighing 240,-
000 lbs., which,with the pedestal,is 28 feet high,
and forms of pedestal, plinth and obelisk a col
umn 100 feet high. The removal of this Obe
lisk from Thebes and its erection upon the
Place de la Concorde, cost the French Govern
ment over two millions of francs, or more than
$40,000.
But quiet and beautiful as the Place de la
Concorde is, there are thousands yet living in
Paris who have seen several heads and lifeless
bodies swimming in their own blood where alt
is now $o pacific that lambs may play and
doves coo in safety. In May, 1770, at a Fete
given in honor ot the marriage of Louts XVI,
some horsestaking fright at a discharge of fire
works, a panic and rush ensued, during which
1200 persons were trampled to death. Subse
quently the King and Queen (Louis XVI. and
Marie Antoinette,) were beheaded upon the
spot where their nuptials had been so fatally
celebrated, in July, 1789, the people ot Paris
assembled here preparatoiy to their triumphant
rush upon the Bastille. Here, in addition to
the King and Queen, the Duke of Orleans,
Brissot, Herbert, Danton, Desmuulins, Anacha
sis Clootz, Robespierre, Dumas, St. Just, Co
thion, Elizabeth, sister of Louiu XVI., the
Wives oi Desmoulins, Herbert, die., with hun
dreds ol their followers, were brought to the
block. In less than a jrcar and a half, nearly
3000 persons were beheaded upon thiu memora
ble spot. In contemplating these horrors, it is
consoling to reflect upon the retributive ven
geance with which the monsters were themselves
visited. There is certainly much of that wis
dom and justice which is higher than man, in
the Providence that brought thi heads of Dan
ton, Herbert, Dumas, Robes] ierre, &c. to the
Guillotine that was drenched and gorged with
the blood of their victims.
The Champs Elysees are indeed Elysian
Fields. Su< h a promenade for a vast city is
above all price. None but those who have
walked here on a warm afternoon or evening,
can form any thing like just conceptions of the
beautyand luxuryoftheChamsElysees. These
fields extend along the southwestern bounda
ries of the city from the Place de la Concorde
to the Triumphal Arch dTEtotle. There are
broad carriage ways shaded by trees resem
bling those upon the College Green at New Ha
ven, running through the Champs, and on eith
er side of these are extended lawns for prome
nades and sports. But the Champs Elysees,
though always delightful, are only in full blaze
at night, when ail the arts of jugglers and moun
tebanks, and all the enchantments of music and
melody, are exerted to draw forth the simple
and the wise, the gay and the grave. Near the
centre of this delightful spot Franconi’s beau
tiful Olympic Circus is situated. In this place
of amusement from three to tour thousand as
semble every night. I passed an evening there
in equal admiration of the noble Horseman
ship, and the exquisite beauty and taste dis
played in the building. Concerts, vocal and
instrumental, are given to thousands who stand
or sit in front of the Case’s adjoining. In the
Gardens, also adjoining the fields, you find gay
throngs of dancers. In these Gardens are
groves and arbors and fountains, all brilliantly
lighted, not only with lamps,tout with bright
eyes and beaming faces. I saw, in one of these
Gardens, on a Sunday evening, from two to
three hundred couples engaged in the same
dance, it must have been such scene as this
that inspired Moore with these exquisite lines:
“ While thui he thinke, etill nearer on the braese
<ia«a lheaa SalieioM ineis *“r henßtsiee,
VOL. VII-N 0.46.
EaA a... of .hid.
il. ue> . «r..up of l«nll< form.
Some chained together in the «•
By fetters, forged in the green »n«uiy hgwnr>a
As they were captive* to the King oi
And some disporting round, uniiuhed and tree,
Who seemed to mock their siater’a slavery, .
And round Ad round them atiil, in wheeling nigh
Went like gay moth* around a lamp at night,
While other* walked,a* gracefully along
Their feet kept ti<ne, the very soul of song
From paaltery, pipe and lute* of heavenly lhrill t
Or their own youthful voice*, heavenlier still.
And now they come, now pas* before hi* «y«» .
Form* such a* Nature moulds when she would
With Fancy’* pencil, and give birth t« things
Lovely beyond it* fairest picturing* ;
Awhile they dance before him,tnen divide,
Breaking, like rosy clouds at eventide
Around the rich pavilion of the sun.
LEGISLATURE OF GEORGIA.
Corrupondence qfthe Chronicle dr Sentinel.
Milledgeville, November 7.
Me.sks, Editors— Little business of impor
tance has been performed in either branch ot
the Legislature, though each had two protracted
sittings.
Robert Hyde.ot Walker, one ot Gen. Clinch a
old Florida soldiers, was elected door-keep,
er of the House, after several ballotings.—
The residue of the morning session was conan
tain joifit resolutions from the Senate, fwiagmr
on the election of Solicitors and Attorney Gen
eral on Thursday next, and that of Judges oa
Saturday thereafter.
The afternoon session was also consumed ia
the reading of the Governor’s Message, ia
counting out and adding up the votes for Gov
ernor, and in the passage of certain resolutions,
and appointing Committees to prepare for aad
conduct the Inauguration of Gov. Crawlord,
which will take place to-morrow at IS M.
In the Senate, a bill was introduced by Mr.
Powers, of Effingham, repealing the act of the
last session in reference to Justices’ Courts, aad
reviving the act of 1812, (I believe it is,) which
authorizes said Courts to be held monthly.—
This movement shews a determination on the
part of our friends lo act with great promptaess
in repealing the unwise and oppressive meas
ures of the last Legislature.
I send you the official vote for Governor in al
he counties, taken just as they were announced
by the President of the Senate—from which you
will perceive that the whole number of votes
polled was 74,138: of which, Crawford received
38,813, Cooper 35,325. The precise Whig ma
jority is, therefore, 3,388 votes.
The Message, a copy ot which I send you, I
have not time to comment upon to-day.—lathe
nasty perusal given it, I have been wearily Im
pressed with its great length and comprehensive
ness. It treats of every thing connected with
national and State politics; yet, while it is un
questionably uselessly prolix and perhaps deci
dedly jesuiiical in many respects, it contains
-omt wholesome truths and sensible recommen
dations. But I will refer to it more particularly
hereafter.
Mu.LKnasviM.K, Novembers.
Mes.rs Editors:— ln neither branch of the
Legislature was there any business of impor
tance transacted to-day. Io the House the Jus
tices Court Bill was read the first time. A bill
was also introduced by Mr. Tucker of Lobb,
relative to the disposal dec. of certain reverted
lands, under the several Lottery acts of the for
mer Legislatures, extending the lime of draw
ing, &c.
The House passed a resolution to bring oa
the election of J udges on Friday, and ot State
House officers on Saturday. The Senate re
fused to concur, and 1 presume the House will
be compelled to recede.
The residue of lhe morning session was con
sumed in preparing for the inauguration, which
took place at 12 M. in the Hall of the House
of Representatives.
The concourse ot citizens was immense, not
more than one-filth being able to obtain a place
within the reach of the Speaker’s voice. Al the
appointed hour the Senate, preceded by its offi
cers, entered the House. In a few minutes the
Governor elect, accompanied by Governor Mc-
Donald, the Committees of Arrangement aad
the Judges of the Courts appeared.
The Address of Governor Crawford, which I
send to you, was admitted by all, friends aad
toes, to be a bold and masterly production—the
best perhaps of his life. Your readers will be
struck with its conciseness and comprehensive
ness; touching upon nearly every topic which
will be likely to come before the present Legis
lature, and upon the more important points of
the Whig faith. It breathes the spirit oi that
genuine patriotism for which its author is
distinguished, and was delivered in a most for
cible and masterly manner.
Penitentiary Burnt.
At about 8 o’clock, P. M., the alarm of fire
was given in the Penitentiary, when lhe whole
interior building, used as woik shops by tbe con
victs, was discovered to be enveloped in flames.
The origin of the fire is as yet matter of specu
lation. One thing is certain—it must have pro
gressed for at least an hour before its discov
ery, or otherwise have been communicated to
several parts of the building at the same time.
All lhe shops, tools and materials within the
walls were consumed. The building contain
ing the cells was saved cnly by the heroic con
duct of a few men, among whom were Mr. Pe
ter Williams of this place, and Senator Bartow
ofChatham. All tbe prisoners u ere secured by
the citizens present, and removed beyond lhe
walls until the fire was subdued, when they
were returned to their places. The loss I have
no means of asceitaining. It is variously esti
mated at from $20,000 to $50,000. A move
ment will now be made doubtless to remove the
Institution to some more suitable place.
The inaugural ball is progressing while I
write, and I am informed tbe assemblage is one
of the most gay and brilliant ever assembled at
lhe Capitol. C.
MiLt.EoosviLLE, November 9,1843.
Messrs. Editors—As the Legislature did
not go into the elections until one hour after the
assembling ol both Houses to-cay, several un
important Bills were introduced, such as to
change the names ot certain persons; to change
various boundary lines of counties, Ac. Ac. I
may mention the follow ing, viz:
1. To lay out a new county from parts of
Cass and Murray.
2. To repeal the act of 1842 limiting the time
for taking out grants of land, Ac.
3. To prevent fraudulent execution* from
claiming moneys, &c., and to regulate the tak--
ing of evidence in claim cases.
in the Senate, Mr. Echols, of Walton, intro
duced a bill to lay out the State into Congres
sional Districts, under the act of the U. S. Con
gress, and to prescribe the mode and manner es
holding the elections, as well as of biting such
vacancies, it any, ns may occur in the present
delegation.
I have not bad time to examine this bill criti
cally, but a glance has been sufficient co con
vince me, that it yields much to the Whigs, in
order to secure a few districts lor certain pets
among the democracy—the mover thereof, met*
especially, included. It also seeks to include
as many prominent Whigs as possible within a
single district, in order to circumscribe influ
ence, and produce dissensions.
I took a list of the districts, with a view of
forwarding it to you; but, on the slight investi
gation given to it, I am persuaded that it will
not be likely to receive the grave consideration
ot the Senate in its present form. Tbe bill o
Jut s«Mfoa, slightly modifind, will >mm liMf