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Weeklji Ctannck e Sentinel. OLD SERIES, VOL. LVII. THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL IS PUBLISHED DAILY, TBI-WEEjJLV, AND WEEKLY, BY J. W. <fc W. S. JONES. The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel IS PUBLISHED AT Three Dollars per annum—or one subscriber two years, or two subscribers one year for $5. Tri- Weekly paper , at Five Dollars per annum. Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum. Cash System— In no case will an order for the paper be attended to, unless accompanied with the money; and in every instance when the time or which any subscription mao be paid, expires before the receipt of funds to renew the subscrip lion, the paper will be discontinued. Deprecta, money received at its value in this city. FRIDAY MORNING. NOV'EMBER It. “ Missms.PPi.-TteN«* Orleans Bee of the 10th Inst, says: “The steamer Nashville arrived yesterday, bringing us Natchez papers of Wed nesday. They do not, however, contain any election returns. We learn verbally, that Grand Gulf, in Claiborne county, gave twenty-four locofoeo majority—about the usual vote. The excitement along the river counties was great, and oecrwerc numerous on both sides. New Books.—From S. A. Holmes wc have “Cousin Hinton,” a novel by Miss Pickering; “Etiquette ; or a Guide to the Usages of Socie ty,” purporting to be written by Count D’Or say; “Spanish without a Master;” and “Ellen Ramsay, or the Adventures ot a Greenhorn”— all from the Brother Jonathan Press. Trial and Sentence rm Murdeb.—At Pickens Court last week, Martha Brown, for merly Martha Cannon, was tried for the murder of her husband William Brown. The evidence was entirely circumstantial, we are informed, says, the Pendleton Messenger, hut the circum stances were so very strong, that the jury render ed a verdict ol guilty. He was shot whilstlying in bed at night, and it was supposed that the gun or pistol, was introduced through a crack with in a few inches of bis head. Previous quarrels and threats on the part of the wife were proven, and these with her conduct on the night of the murder, satisfied many ot her guilt. She was sentenced by Judge Butler to be hanged some time in January next. Connecticut. The Connecticut W hig State Convention as sembled at New Haven on the Bth inst. in great force, about three hundred delegates present, in cluding three ex-Governors, (Messrs. Peters, Foote, and Ellsworth.) Governor Peters was chosen President, and a committee of one from each town appointed to nominate State officers on whose report the following ticket was unan imously presented to die people, viz: For Governor—Roger S. Baldwin, of New Haven. For Lieut. Governor—Reuben Booth, of Dan bury. For Secretary—-Daniel P. Tyler, of Wind, ham. For Treasurer —Joseph B. Gilbert, of Hart ford. For Comptroller—Abijah Carrington, of Mil ford Th following Delegates were chosen to the Whig National Convention: c ) Hon. J. W. Huntington, of Norwich. ’ f Gen. Dennis Kimberly, of New Haven. Dist. 1. Gov. Wm. Ellsworth, of Hartford. “ 2. Samuel D. Hubbard, ol Middletown. “ 3. Solom m Paine, ol Coventry. “ 4. Hon. Truman Smith, of Litchfield. Substitutes.—Hon. Jo-cph Trumbull, of Hartford, Hon. John H. Brockway, of Wind iiam, id. B. CharnbLrlain, ot Hartford, Gov. 1 Samuel A. Foote, ot Cheshire, Gurdon Trum bull, of Stonington, Hon. Thomas B. Osborne, of Danbury. A series of able resolutions were adoped, and the Convention was addressed thereon by Gov ernor Ells worth, Senator Huntington, Hon. Tru man Smith, Hon. D. I’. Tyler, G. H. Hollister, E. C. Bacon, and White, of Danbury, and the hall was still crowded when, at 10 o’clock at night, the Convention adjourned with three cheers for Henry Clay. Michigan. Buffalo, Nov. 9. The only political item from Michigan to day isby the steamer Neiv-England, which left De troiton Tuesday evening just after the polls closed. Barry, the Locofoeo candidate for Gov ernor, is said to bave carried the city by a ma jority of 30, Correspondence of the Phila. North American. New York, Sunday p. m. Loss of the Liverpool Packet Sheffield. • A report was current in town last night, that a ship was in trouble in the lower bay, and a steamer was sent down to her assistance. The ship proved to be the Sheffield, Captain Popham, from Liverpool, October sth, with 15 cabin passengers and 90 steerage, and a freight list of £IOOO. A gentleman who came passen ger, informs me that on Saturday noon, the Sheffield was coming up the harbor with the wind £. S. E. with ait sail set, and in charge of a pilot. The weather, which had been dull for 48 hours, cleared up, and the light house could be seen with the naked eye. About one o’clock p. M. she struck on Romer Shoal, head on, and soon after swang round, the pilot saying all was right, which, however, was all wrong, when she again took the rocks, and alter thumping an hour and a half, during whicli her masts were all cut away, a hole was made in her bottom, and she rapidly filled, driving the passengers from the lower cabin to the upper, ana finally to the round house on deck, where they remained 14 hours with nothing except what they stood in. After the ship struck she bilged, and very little ot thecabin passenger’s baggage was saved. During the n ght blue lights were buined, in the hope of attracting attention, which they suc ceeded in doing witn the last light, when the hopes of being saved were given over by all on board the ship. The steamer which had been sent down, was just returning as they thought unsuccessful, the weather being again thick, when she saw the signal, and proceeded to her and took off the passengers and crew, except the captain, mates and four seamen. The Wave arrived with the passengers at 7 this morning, and returned im mediately to the ship to assist the lighters and a steamer sent down early this morning. The ship went ashore at high water, and all through the ignorance or cardrsans of the pilot. The ship will be a total loss, and is insured for near herfull amount in Wall street, and her cargo in England. Yesterday was a great day in the slock mar ket—stocks of all descriptions sold at advancing rates, and the quotations now stand higher than at any time for three years. Xjr The valuation of taxable property in the State of Kentucky for 1813 is $196,729,033, the revenue accruing from which is $305,220 06 showing a decrease in the present year on that of 1842 of $14,896 70. This result is as cribed to the incompetency and inefficiency of the tax commissioners, to the people valuing their property too low on account of the increase of taxation, and to the actual depression of pro perty in price. £5rA company consisting oi sixty families are now on their way from Prussia to Quincy, Illinois, where they intend settling. A Yankee Thick.—During the Revolutiona ry’ war, two brothers, from one of the eastern ports, were commanders ot privateers—they cruised together and were eminently successful, doing great damage to the enemv; and making much money lor themselves. One evening, be ing in the latitude of the shoals of Nantucket, but many miles to the east of them, they spied a British vessel having the appearance* of a mer chantman, and made towards her; but to their astonishment found her a Irigate disguised. A very light breeze prevailing, they hauled off in diflerent directions—one only could be pursued, and the frigate gained rapidly upon him. Find ing he could not run away, the commanding offi cer had recourse to stratagem- on a sudden he hauled down every sail, and had nil hands on deckemplovedin ’setting pole,’ as if shoving the vessel oil a bank I The people on board the fri gate were amazed at the supposed danger they had run, and to save themselves from being grounded, immediately clawed oil, and left the more knowing Yankee “to make himseli scarce, as soon as the night rendered it prudent for hnr xo hoist sail in a »ea two thousand mthoms deep T-'rom the Georgia Journal. n the Editors — It will be recollected that a very few days before the last general election in inis ? State, an extract of a letter from the Hon. H. Clay to Messrs. Joel Branham and Robert Bledsoe, was published by them presenting his views on the subject of a Tariff in a very odious light. The whole letter was withheld from the public, because, as allcdgcd, that he had request ed no part of it should be published. I im mediately applied to Mr. Clay for a copy of the correspondence; he inclosed me a letterdirected to those gentlemen, requiringthein to give tome, or ‘any oilier friend,’ a copy of his letter to them. I applied to the gentlemen accordingly, and met with every favorable disposition from Gen Blee.soe, to comply with the demand. Dr. Branham pertinaciously persisted in his refusal to do Mr, Clay Hie justice he demanded—and it was alone by the perseverance of Gen. Bledsoe who permitted no honorable exertion to pass without making it, that he obtained a copy oi the letter from Dr. Branham, in whose posses sion the original was. and which he has fur nished to me. From him I have obtained a copy of their letter to Mr. Clay, and his letter in reply- both of which Isendyou for publication. I likewise send you extracts from Mr. Clay’s letter to me, from all of which his sentiments and views on the Tariff question will be fully seen. No man who read the »arbled* extracts which were published would ever have suppos ed that they came from the letter which is sent you. The positions taken by Mr. Clay, are distinct and Wally unexceptionable, and compare well with the sentiments of all parties in Georgia, in days gone by. He declares as bis opinions that the expenses of the Federal Government should lie economical, that the revenue to support such expenses should be raised by duties from im ports. That under a revenue tariff he would dis criminate so as to afford “reasonable encourage ment” to our domestic manufactures. That he is opposed to any duty w hich amounts to prohibition of the article on which it is levied —believing that ilompetition would advance all interests. That he is opposed to that iniquitous and un just system of direct taxes, and internal duties in time of peace. Thar he is opposed to the doctrine of free trade, as it is called, with foreign powers, ‘all of wfipm’subject onr commerce with them to re stric ions great and burthensome’ —which ‘re strictions deprive our farmers of a part of their labor, for the benefit of their own people—That a Tariff should be MODERATE, REASON ABLE and CERTAIN.’ That the Tariff of 1828 was a “fraudulent production;” in many instances the duties were ‘extravagantly high’ and in others not called for by any interests. These are the sentiments of Mr. Clay, which were so grossly perverted and misrepresented be fore the election, and to the prejudice of the Whig party. They are nowbefore the country; let that impartial country say whether they are worthy of condemnation? The friends ot neith er of the Democratic aspirants to the Presidency can condemn them, since they advocate in the person of their favorites more obnoxious princi ples. Those who are opposed to duties being reasonable, moderate and certain, have ample cause of complaint to the views of Mr. Clay— none others will find an occasion for censure. Suffer me to add, in conclusion, that through Gen. Bledsoe alone am 1 enabled to present the correspondence which Mr. Clay has never fear ed should meet the public eye. • Your obedient servant, JAS. A. MERIWETHER. Extract from, a IMtcr from Mr. Clay to Mr. Mer iwether; Ashland, 28, Oct. 1843. "You are right so far as the record is concern ed, in your statement that I did nut vote tor the Tariff of 1816 or 1824; but I supported their principles, anu bave always admittedthat I was in favor of them. 1 did not vote for the tariff of 1828, for which however Mr. Van Buren, Col. Benton, Col. Johnson, Mr. W right, and other ot our present opponents did vote.—And it is remarkable that from that period my exertions in Congress have been directed to the reduction and moderation of Tariffs. Thus, in 1832 1 supported that Ta riff, which greatly modified and reduced the Tariff'q< insomucu.tliat it was supposed, bv reasonable men that it.would or ought to sat isfy the NuHifiers ol South Carolina. The next year, 1833,1 bronght forward the compro mise. In 1811 I supported the Tariff of that year, which was limited to the free articles. I never was in favor of what 1 regarded as a high Tariff. And my present opinion is in per fect coincidence with that of the whole Whig party of the United States, including Georgia, as i understand it. We all believe that the Revenue from the General Government should be derived trom the Foreign imports to the ex clusion of direct taxes, and the proceeds of the sales ol the public lands; and that no more rev enueshould be levied than is necessary to an economical administration of the government; but that in levyingitsuch discriminations ought to be made as will afford a moderate and rea sonabk protection to American interests against the rival and prohibitory policy of Foreign pow ers. I should bave preferred that the Compromise j in all its pails (including the Home valuation) t could have been adhered to. But you will know i from what quarter the opposition came to the i home valuation, without the incorporation of i which in the Compromise act, that act never i could have passed. t 1 think the present Tariff, in the main, is t right, and working much good. There maybe - excesses or delects in it, ol’ which I have not the > means to judge; and if there be they ought to be corrected by supplemental legislation. I am your friend, and obedient servant. i H.CLAY. I The Hon. J. A. Meriwether. Eatonton, Geo., July 13th 1843. Dear Sir:—Conflicting opinions ot the prin ciples you now entertain in relation to the pro- i lection ot Domestic manufactures are held by i many citizens of ti.is State, while all who have acquainted themselves with your public course i on this subject acknowledged you to have been the distinguished advocate of the system of pro- , lection. Many have been induced to believe and assert that your views of it, have undergone, it not an entire change, at leas?some mollification. The opinions we have always entertained oi your unwillingness to conceal your principles, < or to sutler them to be misrepresented, induce us respectfully to propound to you the following questions: Are you in favor of a Tarifffur the protection of American Manufactures? Have your principles in reference to this sub ject undergone change or modification? A reply will oblige Very respectfully, &c., JOEL BRANHAM. ROB’T BLEDSOE. The Hon. He-NRY CLAY, Lexington, Kentucky. Ashland, 23J July, 1843. Gentlemen: —I duly received your favor ot the 13th inst. in which you inform me that con flicting opinions prevail in your Stale in regard to my opinions on the policy of prolucling Do mestic manutactures, and you request ot me in formation in relation to them. I take pleasure in complying with your request. My opinion is that the Revenue necessary to an economical administration of the General Government ought to be derived in a season of peace, exclusively trom duties imposed on our foreign imports, and that a Tarifl for that pur pose ought to be so adjusted as to afford reason able encouragement to our domestic manufac tures. lam opposed to direct taxes and inter nal duties except in time of war, when they may be necesssary to give vigor and success to arms. lam opposed to the doctrines ol tree trade with foreign powers, all of whom subject our commerce with them to restriction, often vel ’.v great and burthensome. These opinions 1 have always entertained and still entertain. 1 never was in favor of duties being so high as to amount to a prohibition of articles on which they were laid. 1 have thought it best tor all interests that there should be com petition. 1 think it of great importance that a tariff should possess stability, as frequent chang es affect injuriously all our’great interests. To impart to it that character it should be moderate, reasonable and certain. I voted for the Tariff of 1816, 1821 and 1832. I think they were all reasonable and moderate, at the times they were respectively passed. In the infancy of manufactures, the object being to acquire the skill and accumulate the capital necessary to their successful establishment, a greater degree of protection is expedient than is requisite after they have made a considerable progress. The difficulty lies in fixing that de gree. In 1816, we were? without without much experience, and failed to make, in all cases, a proper adjustment of the measure ot protection. Eight years experience in 1824 enabled Congress to fix it with more equity and precision. Eight years of progress in our manufactures in 1832 justified some reduction in the amount of duties, and generally the Tariff of 1842 is more mode rate than that of 1832. As our manufactures advance and become perfected, less and less protection will be needed, until many articles will be able to compete with the foreign rival . articles, without any protection at all in the > form of duties. i I was not in Congress in 1828, and therefore I did not vote lor the Tariff of that year The duties in many instances imposed by that Tariff vere extravagantly high, and, in others, duties were imposed which were not called lor by any interest. That Tariff was a fraudulent produc tion. ft was framed by a combination of some members from the South, and some from the North, who were afraid openly to vote against a Ta ill, and yet wished to obtain credit for being favorable to supposed Southern interests. It was so shaped , with the design of defeating the passage of any tariff; because it was believed that it was so injurious to the manufacturing interest in many’ respects, that the honest and true friends of that interest would not vote for it. Had it not been defeated, those Northern members, who united in concocting it, would have returned home and asserted that its really honest friends were inimical to it. But it was not defeated. The genuine friends of manufac tures resolved not to lie cheated by such a com bination, and determined to take the bill for the good that was in it, notwithstanding the bad, which was nut there against theirconsent. The scheme not having succeeded as was designed, the Southern members, who were concerned in it, afterwards bitterly reproached their Northern confederates lor the disappointment. I have more than halt dozen times expressed! within the last two or three years on public oc casions, the opinion which I now communicate as to a combination ot the principles of Revenue and Protection in a Tariff. I send you here with the last speech on that subject which I made in the Senate of the U. S. and also a brief sketch of the nrinciplesof the Whig Paity, as I under stand them, which I prepsred. • • I have no other objection to the publication of ibis letter but that it would imply a sensitiveness in regard to njy opinion which 1 do not fee), and I think it has been already sufficiently pro mulgated. 1 am your friend and ob’t serv’t H. CLAY. Messrs. Joel Branham, and Rob’t. Bledsoe. Death of CkiSvengrr, the Sculptor.—We regret to learn from the New York papers the news of the death of S. V. Clevenger, on boatd the packet ship Due d'Orleans, on her passage from Leghorn to New York. Clevenger was a citizen, and we believe a na tive, ot the State of Ohio; a self-taught artist, who, after executing a number of busts in the city ot Cincinnati, and a few in the Atlantic cities, went to Italy some three years ago (fol lowing the track of Powers) to cultivate his • talents in the midst of the works of antiquity. He was a man of genius, of great simplicity and ingenuousness, andofthe most unblemished private character. Had he lived and enjoyed health, he could not but have risen to eminence in his profession. He died at sea on the 28th of September, leav ing a wife and children to mourn over the loss they have sustained.— Nat. Int. jU’Two passengers in the ship Bazaar, which sailed from New York a few days since for Canton, carried out forty tons measurement of Connecticut clocks. Cotton Factory in St. Louis. —A stone house in St. Louis, situated on Chesnut street, between Maine and Water streets, has been purchased, and is to be immediately converted, into a cotton factory. vy There have beenerectedin the city of Bos ton during the present year, 671 brick and 448 wooden buildings—in all 1,118. This is an in crease over last year of about 300 buildings. Growth of the West. —A census ot Mil waukie city, just taken, shows the number of in habitants to be 6000, being an increase of more than one hundred per cent, in three years. Ra cine, now epntaning 1100 inhabitants, had in 1839 only two families in the place. The Mil waukie Courier states, “the crowds of emigrants that overflow the public houses and block up the streets, on their way to the interior, would appear incredible to any but an eye-witness,” From Hunt’s Merchants’ Magazine. Sketch of a Speech of Mr. Randolph.— ft was said that tlie late Mr. Coleridge cou'd never be reported, on account as much of hi . unexpectedness, as it was called, as ot his rapidity; and .such was the ease with Mr. llandopli. Otta sionaily, a thought would shine forth startlingly beautiful, but it was so incrusted and imbedded in what might be called pudding-stone, as to be of little worth to the context ofthe speech itself, and only valuable when isolated. We are told, by one who heard him in one of his latest efforts, tliat nothing could exceed the singularity of his appearance and his language. Leaning, or rather rolling, against the railing which is fixed in the Senate chamber, outside of he outer row ofchairs, he was engaged in delivering a scries of desultory observations in a shrill tone of voice to whoever struck his eye at the time.— The bankrupt bill was before the Senate—and we trust that we will not be running far from the line ol operation of a commercial magazine in reporting the views of a distinguished states man on so prominent a branch of our mercantile policy—the bankrupt bill was, under considera tion, and Mr. Randolph had already gone some way in the discussion of principles he supposed involved. He had just extricated himself trom a digression on the subject of banks in general, remarking, that the next thing to be done was to buy an iron chest, Ibr safety against fire and thieves, which last was wholly unnecessary, for who would steal our paper? AU ready, and then we issue bills. I wish 1 had one of them, (hunt ing in his pockets as if expecting to find one) —Owl creek, Washington city, wild-cat—they begin with a promise to pay, sir; yes, promise to pay. After dwelling a tew minutes more on banks and banking, and dealing a heavy slap to Unitarians in religion and politics, and stopping a moment to vindicate the memory of Sir Robert Walpole, in a connexion not now remembered, he proceeded to express his disgust at what are called family bibles, stating, however, paren thetically, that he had no objection io each house hold having the scriptures; indeed, he thought they were bound to have them, provided they were not ofthe cheap, Yankee stamp. The editions he would recommend, were those author ized bv the universities. Passing lightly over Shakspeare, oi rather mingling his comments upon the great poet with those upon the holy writ, he descanted upon the impudence of the man who had published an expurgated Shakspeare for family use 1 To the American Protestant Episcopal Church he de clared he had never belonged, and, indeed, never would; that he was a inemberincoruorateinthe Church of England, and that he had been bap tized by a gentleman delegated from the Bishop of London himself, who had laid his hands up on him, (laying bands at the same time on the head ot tne gentleman next to him,) pronounc ing a vivid eulogy on both bishop and priest, whom he said he wished he could bring back again to life, when the time came for his own last offices to be performed. A passage in the prayer book, he remarked, began ‘them that,’ which passagejhesaid was so un2xgmmaticaltht.t no good man could use it. Suddenly lie touch ed upon wine—it was often mentioned in the bi ble. and should be drank in a gentlemanly way, not in the closet, but at the table; btttas to whis key, the word whiskey was not in the holy writ. Jeptha was a land owner and a wine drinker; he himself was a land owner, and he was proud to acknowledge that he held his land direct from a royal grant. He could even go back to Wil liam the Conqueror, and beyond him, and he was in fact able to say that he dated his origin to the men of Kent. Banking and bankruptcy were mushrooms of the Guelph growth. 53=The Tuscaloos Monitor gives a descrip tion of an improved cotton gin, invented by a Mr Kelly of Vicksbnrg, Miss., the right ot which for this State has been purchased by Dr Maclin. “The improvement (says the Monitor) consists iu attaching three setts of grates and two stationary brushes, through which the saws pass in their revolution as closely as possible without, friction; in enlarging the brush,wheel if practicable, to 18or 20 inches diameter, and by boxing the same in an air-tight cylinder, ex, cept at and around the journals ; in attaching a moat board under the saws, beyond which they project though the long grates § of ot an inch in to the brush whell cylinder.” Cotton picked by the improved gin will bring a cent or more m the pound than othercotton. It would be highly beneficial to attach to common gins „ a grated flue from six to ten feet long, through which the dust that may pass the brush wheel, may fall in its passage to the pick rootn.'’ Stabbing.—A most atrocious act was com mitted yesterday morning, on Cotton Avenue, in this city, by the keeper ot a small grocery, by the name ot George W. Thompson. It seems that a small amount of money had been lost by a man named Winslow; Thompson’s name was accidentally mentioned, when he immedi ately made a rush upon Winslow with an open knife. In the scuffle, Thompson inflicted a wound on W inslow, on the left side, about two inches above the hip-bone. Winslow is yet alive, but his situation is considered very preca rious. Thompson escaped through a crowd, who, we hear, made no attempt to arrest him. With the aid, however, ot the Marshal’s dogs, and through the active exertions ot McGregor, the Sheriff, and other citizens, he was caught, and is now safe in custody.— Macon Messenger of 9th. Two children have been born in Lexington, Indiana, with the breastbones united the whole length AUGUSTA, GAF THURSDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER ‘23, 1843. SATURDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER, 18. Extraordinary Discovery. The “Savannah Republican” of Thursday contains an article headed “Speculation upon Speculation,” in which the Editors are pleased to say they have “ elicited some facts,” which we notice rather as evidence of the credulity, not to say folly of the Editors, than any design to de fend the acts of >ur Banks, which are so covert ly attacked. Our citizens certainly have much cause to feel grateful to the Editors for the watchful guardianship the( have manifested over their rights and private transactions, and especially should the Directors ot our Banks feel under obligations for the very valuable sug gestions made to them. With all due deference to the financial skill and deep solwilv.de of the Ed itors lor the proper management of the Banksot this city, we would most respectfully inform them, that they are managed almost exclusively by men who are themselves deeply interested in the stock ot the institutions over which they preside, and are therefore doubtless quite alive to their own, as well as the interests of the other stockholders of their respective institutions. Should they, however, need to be instructed in i! e discharge qf iheirresponsibly fX deli-rie duties, andbe driven to the necessity of seeking it from Savannah, which has heretofore discov ered such distinguished financial talent in the management of her own institutions, they may perchance ask to be informed through the col umns of the “Republican.” When asked, we trust that the Editors will be as prompt to re spond, as their suggestions and insinuations on this occasion have been gratuitous and unfound ed. The Editors conclude their very extraordinary expose of “elicitedfacts” with the expression of a very laudable desire! lor more information, “provided what they have stated arcfacts.” Verily we think that the street rumors and gossiping ol a few disappointed croakers, constitute author ity, upon which the editors should predicate an article at “elicitedfaxis,” in which, grave insinu ations are made against the conduct of Bai.ks “above suspicion,” and an expose of Jhe private transactions of an enterprising merchant; and we, therefore, commend the editors to the same sources to elicit a few more facts. This is not the first time that the same indi vidual has been singled out, and his private business transactions have been assailed by the editors of the “Republican,” through their columns. With what propriety, on this occa sion, the editors will perhaps judge when we as sure them, tliat since the foregoing was penned, we have had an interview with the gentleman referred to, who authorises us to say, that their “elicitedfacts,” so far as they refer to him or his business, are as unfounded as they are gra tuitous. If life editors in their efforts to 'deed facts, ’’ as to why so little cotton had been sent to Sa vannah for sale this year, had attributed it to the low state of the Ocmulgee liver, and the miser able management ot the Cential flail Road, and had then compared the prices paid for cotton in Savannah with those paid in Charleston, their “elicited facts” would, doubtless, have been bet ter based, and they would have been spared the necessity of attempting to drag before the country’ the primte transactions of one of our merchants, while they were uttering grave in sinuations about the business of our banks, of W’hich they knew nothing. John Quincy Adams.—“ The eld man elo quent” was received in Cincinnati on Wednes day, the 9th instant, with marked enthusiasm.— The corner Mwie ot the ooset vatory was laid oil Thursday, and the citizens had determined to make his visit a continued festival—business ' was almost suspended. Mysteries of Paris.—Messrs. Grenville & Co., have laid on our table Part 2d of Harper’s edition, being the conclusion of this interesting work. Exchange at Par.—We are pleased to learn that the Mechanics’ Bank of this city, will com tnence checking on New York at par this day. Consecration. The Athens Banner us Thursday says:—The new and beautiful Episcopal Church in this place, now nearly completed, is to be consecra ted next Sabbath, by the Rev. Stephen Elliot, Bishop of the Diocese of Georgia. Franklin College. The Athens Banner of Thursday says:—We learn with much pleasure, that the Rev. Wm. 1 Bacon Stevens, M. D., Minister of the Episco pal Church at this place, was unanimously elect ed by the Board of Trustees on Monday last, to 1 the Professorship of Oratory and Belles Letties, in the place of Jos. H. Lumpkin, Esq., elected last August, and who declined the appoint ment. Dr. Stephens stands deservedly among our most eminent men, for talent, learning and eloquence, and we shall regard his connexion witli the College, as a most important acquisi tion. Mississippi Elections.—The New Orleans Tropic of the 11th inst. says:—We have as yet but few returns from the elections in Mississip pi. In Adams County the vote for Governor is— For Clayton, Whig 679 Williams, bond-paying Dem 81 Brown, repudiator 341 Three Whigs, Messrs. Winchester, Cotton and Maxwell were elected to the Legislature. In Harrison County a repudiator is elected to the Legislature, but there is a slight gain in favorofthe Whig ticket. In Claiborne County the repudiating ticket is supposed to be elected. In Warren vice versa. From the complexion of the vote in Adams County, the only lull return we have seen, we have no doubt that the Repudiators have suc ceeded by a decided majority—so roguery is yet in the ascendancy. Michigan. We have reports, says the New York Tri bune, from the counties of Wayne, Washte naw, Monroe, Jackson and Oakland, all of which have given Locofoeo majorities, as Washtenaw ought k not to have done. Gov. Barry’s majority in Detroit is 58; McClelland’s for Congress 153. The Locofoeos have of course carried the State on all their tickets, though we think by a reduced majority. The Ship Sheffield.—The N. Y. Express of Tuesday morning says: Every effort is mak ing to save the cargo, and several vessels were seen alongside yesterday. The wind has been favorable for the last forty-eight hours for light ening the ship, and there is hope that much of the cargo will be saved. The captain and offi cers of the ship, with a portion of the crew, were npon the wreck. The lighter Alice Elice, Ross, came up yes terday, from the Sheffield. She left at half past 11 o’clock, when the water was up with the com ings ot the hatches, and 15 feet alongside at low water. She brought upthe anchors, chains, &c. None ot the cargo had been got out, owing to the high winds and the position of the ship.— The steam pump was on board, and was to have commenced operations shortly’ after the I lighter left. Rain.— “ The Rain it raineth every day."— The Memphis Eagle of the 6th inst says:—We are in the midst of another “settled” rain. It com menced about 9 o’clock last evening, and at 8 this morning it is yet raining hard. Truly the windows of heaven are at feast half opened ;up l on us, for we have not had two clear days in sue. cession, without rain, for nearly three weeks We are indebted, says the Phil. North /liner ican, loan esteemed friend for the following beautiful essay, the source of vhich is indica ted. , Essaj| on Forgiveness. Written bv Mr. Henry Shears, the elder, and father of Henry and John Shears, who were executed, as United Irishmen, in 1798. It is to be feared that there arc some, who, from considering the Lord's Prayer only as it stands in our Liturgy, have been led into an im perfect idea of the iretition for forgiveness. In the Greek of St. Matthew, it tjns thus:—‘For give us our debts, as we fofifcve our debtors-,’ and to this St. Luke correspfflfa—“Forgive usi our sins, for we also forgive (tlto.-.e who arc in netted to us.’ Why any deviation should have been made trom words so sacreit, I do not know. The literal construction, ffikes in alt that is intended by trespasses, and. more: in its first and immediate sense, it means those obligations relative to property which aris' from tlie inter course of society, and extends also to the great circle of duties which mat 05‘ es toman, and every man to his Creator. ijfe, Existence, reason, a possession of temporary and an offer of gmtlless blessings, form a debt too great to bOWiffirged. The warmest aspirations of grat'.tfcv are faint, and the most vigorous exertfonsi#service imper fect; but our efforts may man, though they fall short of Heaven, Univer- .~a 1 < 1 red iL< ■rU” weuo toiitiiel'S a JHP benignity, are his favorite offerings ; and the prevailing petition of his commandsis—that we make each other happy. He who stooped to instruct us to ask forgive ness, makes the remitting ot the debts of others, tlie express condition of our hopes. This is the first step of the scale; and the man who will not rise so far above his passions, can nev er expect to go higher. To remember injuries with kindness, to repay evil with good, and become the cheerful benefactor oi an enemy, are heights beyond the reach of our unenlightened ethics. Yet to these mustevery one aspire, whe would avail himself of the intercessions of the teacher. But the rudiments of philanthropy must be learned before we can feel its elevation: until pity unbars the heart, refinement can meet no entrance : nor can we dream ol soaring to angelic heights while we lie stink below the common standard of humanity. To deprive a fellow being of ever}’ comfort, and cover him with every misery, merely for his incapacity of paying, would evince a malignity 100 diabolical, I hope to be human. Yet, little better is the relentless creditor’s motive—a wretched pride of appearing acute and prudent in the eoes of others, mixed with a little grovel ling resentment at the idea of a real or intended imposition on his understanding. For these he showers woes upon the head of poverty; and denies to his brother of the dust a little portion of that mercy, which, if our common Maker did not unlimitedly possess, the only wish of every thinking being would be to shrink out of existence. To the misplacing of our passions, we owe most of our errors. Ambitious of eminence, when in tact, we are most restrained, we are more jealous ol our intellectual than our moral merit. We are content to be thought cruel, provided we are thought sagacious: and to sup port the fancied stateliness of worldly wisdom, descend below the rank of the common execu tioner; we catch at a revenge, not palliated by the plea of provocation, nordignified by theshow of spirit—a revenge within the reach of the most abject being in the community—at which a man should blush, and a Christian tremble. Real pre-eminence is bestowed by the hand of generous forbearance; and the most thriling flattery is the voice ot misery relieved.* To see the tear of gratitude swelling in the eye, and the leatttres throbbing with the emotions oi a bless ing heart; to see happiness, like a new creation brightening up at our touch, and feeling our selves rising in the estimation of the source ot being, these create a pride which humility may avow, and a superiority which will survive the fleeting phantom of distinction. The eye that reads this paper must close; the hands that hold it mnst rot—nor is the time far off. Business in vain endeavours tc Subdue, or levity to expel the thought. It has a voice of thunder, and will be heard. When that which is dreadful is also inevitable, —to disarm it of all its terrors is all that is felt us. Religion points to the means, and reason urges us to embrace ’ ’when'aid is vain, and joy 'When the soul begins to disentaßgfe, and feels the presages of the approaching future, trom a consciousness of the past; when the stage of life is darkened, and the great, much talked of scene begins to real ize, and open on the view, the debts we have forgiven, and the miseries we have relieved, will play with cherub laces round the fancy, and turn to rapture the pangs of dissolution. To such jovs and prospects, some hearts have made themselves insensible, but from the do minion of fear there are none exempt. The Great Former of our natures, therefore, intimi dates while he allures, and denounces a reverse, from which the imagination revolts in terror. In the catalogue of transgressions inexorability stands dreadfully distinguished. To every oth er offender, —though he may shudder at the jus tice of the Almighty,—there is still some re sourceremaining in his mercy. But he who de nies mercy, forfeits mercy. He disclaims tire saving attribute, which softens the terrors of Omnipotence, and quits the last hold that hangs from heaven over the gulph of eternity I If death and judgmentbe not chimeras; if the Son of God knew the will of his Father; if that will be founded on immutable truth,—lie who does not forgive, will not be forgiven. 53r The Mobile Advertiser of the 13lh says ; —The mail steamer Fashion, we regret to learn, run hard aground in a fog, on Friday morning last on the south side of Dauphin Island, in which perilous situation she yet remains. The mail, which she had on board, and was due here on that morning from New Orleans, arrived j esterday. The passengers have also arrived. One schooner and the steamer Gen. Gaines bave been despatched to give her relief, and it is hoped by their assistance both the boat and the cargo will be saved. The passengers, we learn, at tach no blame whatever to the pilot for the acci dent. Ohio.—The Cincinnati Gazette says that the Delegates to the Whig National Convention, to be held in Baltimore in May next, have been appointed in most of the Districts in Ohio, with subs itutes in cases of accident. These Dele gates have, in most cases, been instructed to urge the nomination of Henry Clay for the Presidency. Philadelphia Firemen. —The Firemen in the city of Philadelphia appear to be a set of row dies ol the worst character. At the National Theatre on Saturday evening they had a very general fight; performances were for the benefit of one of the companies, and the house was crowded, two-thirds of the whole number present beingfiremen. Several individuals were beaten nearly to death and others very seriously injured. On Sunday afternoon an alarm of. fire was given, when another fight took place in Chestnut street, in front ofthe State House between the Baltimore and the Fairmount companies. 53- Col. Benton, in a recent letter to a portion ofthe Loco Focos of Monroe county in Missou ri, takes occasion to say that he "will not attend the Baltimore Convention for the nomination of candidates for the Presidency and Vice Presi dency,” in conformity with the appointment of the members ot the Legislature last winter. Dissensions in the Cabinet.—The Madiso nian republishes a paragraph which we copied trom the N. Y. Journal of Commerce, and to which we appended a remark that the subject of the difficulty in the President’s Cabinet was the Texas question—and adds — We are authorised to say, that there is no truth in the rumors above stated and alluded to. The Mexican Indemnity.—Fears have been expressed, says the N. O. Crescent of Saturday, that the vessel in which the last instalment of the Mexican Indemnity was shipped, had been lost at sea. When the Vincennes left Vera Cruz on the 29th of August, the money had ar rived there and was to be shipped in three or four days. Nothing has been heard of it since, and though we ha ve had no positive inst rmation of the vessels sailing from Vera Cruz, yet there !is no reason to doubt that she did, and hence the fears of her loss are not without good reason. £3rThe cargo of the packet ship Sheffield, wrecked on Long Island, is valued at over 100,- 000, and the ship al $25,000. She is insured in various offices in Wall street for $24,000, and on the cargo to the amount of $37,000. The fest ofthe cargo is insured in England. Drinking Heaths. —Lord Bacon, on being asked to drink the king's health, replied that he uxmld drink far his on health, and pray for that ofthe King MONDAY MORNING NOVEMBER 20. The Mails. The northern mail failed last night beyond Baltimore. The mail from New Orleans has failed for two days, there will therefore be three mails due this morning. A W hig Triumph. At the special election in Lumpkin county to fill the vacancy in the House of Representatives of Mr. Mathews, deceased, Stephen Douglass Crane was elected, overhis two Locofbco com petitors. Mr. C. has for years done good and faithful service in the ranks of the self-styled Democracy, but having recently seen the error of his way, has renounced Locofocoism and enlisted under the banner of the gallant “Harry of the West,” and proclaims himself henceforth a Whig. Massachusetts Election. The Boston Atlas, in an extra, dated 1 P. M. on Tuesday, has returns from the entire State except four towns, viz. Florida, Hancock, and Williamstown, in Berkshire county, and Chat- Barnstable county. The result is that Mr. Briggs, the Whig »n --”<fWste fd: Cor?.»'•.w, h«>. r and’Mv. Morton 52,681 —being a Whig majority 0f4,727. The Abolition and scattering votes amount to 8,771, and prevent an election by the people.— The total gain to the Whig vote over that of last year is 6,352. Twelve Whigs and seven Locofoeos are elect ed to the Senate, leaving twenty-one vacancies in that body to bi filled by the House of Repre sentatives. To the House 153 Whigs have been elected and 109 Locofoeos, and 137 towns have made no choice. Os the towns that have not chosen, the Atlas says that many have voted not to send, and many have no right to send, having exhausted their constitutional privilege to be represented ; and that, if those having the right will do their duty, there, is no tear but that the Commonwealth will be placed in the hands ol those whom the people may safely trust, and who will administer her public affairs according to the counsels ol prudence, integrity, and pa triotism. Mr. Grinnell (Whig) is elected to Congress from the tenth disirict by a majority exceeding 600 votes. Partial returns from the other three Congressional districts indicate that they have all failed to effect a choice. The Packet Ship Sheffield. The Commercial Advertiser of Wednesday afternoon, says: Contrary to all expectations, the ship Sheffield was got off on Tuesday at half past 11 o’clock, and was taken in tow by the steamboats Wave and Hercules, which brought her to the dock the same evening. She was freed of water by the underwriters’ steam pump sufficiently to float her from the bottom, the depth where she lay being such that at high tide the water was up to the combings ol tlie hatches on the upper deck. She is now alongside the pier next to the screw dock, and the bag made to float the West chester is now in progress of being placed under her, so that she will be ready to discharge her cargo on Wednesday. Money Matters.—The New York Courier of Wednesday morning says— Our Banks are oveiflowing with money: their deposites are heavy and the difficulty of obtain ing mercantile securities has induced them to loan freely on Stocks. The fall business has not been of a nature to absorb the capital of the Batiks: on the contrary a plethora of money lias existed, and is.likely to continue while our ex. ports are on the increase, and our jm£SC!& "porary Joans iseasiiy procured at 2} a 3 per cent., and for those of longer duration at 3a6 per cent., according to the nature of the securi ties. There is a fair demand for exchange on the South, and rates arc stead}'. The supply ot Foreign Bills is large, and the operations for the packets of the 16th have been to a fair extent—rates however have fallen con siderably, and there is every reason to anticipate further importations of bullion during the winter. With the exception of a few shipments to the South there is no demand for Specie, and nearly every description is at par. Correspondence yf the Baltimore Patriot. New York, Wednesday, p. m. The sales at the Stock Exchange have been to a considerable extent to-day, mostly at yester day’s quotations; towards the close, however, a slight decline took place in a few descriptions. Exchanges are finii to-day, 1071 a 108 on London, and 5,35 on Paris; nothing has been done in Southern kinds of any account. This being packet day other business has been com paratively neglected. Nothing has been done in cotton to-day worthy of notice, the market is firm. There has been much less activity in flour. Genesee, Ohio and Michigan may be quoted at $4,68f © $4,75; but few sales have been made at the latter rate. 75 hhds New Orleans sugar sold at $6,69 © 6,75. The Roman Catholic Church.—We under stand, says the N. Y. Express, that letters have been received from Rome, by the Rt. Rev. Bishop Kenrick, of Philadelphia, announcing the appointment of the nine new Bishops for the United States, who were elected at the last Council of Baltimore. They are as follows: Rt. Rev. Dr. O’Connor, D. D.; Bishop of Pitts burgh. Rt. Rev. Wm. Quarters, D. D; Bishop of Chi cago. Rt. Rev. A. Byrnes, D. D.; Bishop ol Arkansas. Rt. Rev. John McCluskey, D. D. Asst. Bishop ot N. York. Rt. Rev. Mr. Henrie, D. D.; Bishop of Mil waukie. Rt. Rev. Mr. Blanchet, D. D; Bishop ot Oregon. Rt. Rev. John Fitzpatrick, D. D.; Asst. Bishop of Boston Rt. Rev. Mr. Tyler, D. D.; Bishop ot Hartford. Rt. Rev. Mr. Reynolds, D. D.; Bishop of Charleston. Genyal Clinch. The St. Augustine News notices the sugges tion ofthe Whigsot this city ot the name of Gen. Clinch for the vacancy in Congress, and remarks: “Though for some years past Get/ Clinch has been a resident of Georgia, yet from his long residence in this Territory, and his inter est in East Florida, our citizens wilt feel the liveliest satisfaction in his acceptance of any station which might be urged upon him. Judg ing from the past, we can truly say, that among all her gifted sons Georgia has none who, we believe, will be found more capable of doing her justice, or more devoted to her true interests than this gentleman. To the sincerity, the de cision and the chivalry of a brave and gallant soldier, he adds the comprehension and busi ness talents of a statesman. Could he be indu ced to accept a place in Congress, to his State and not to himself will be the gain. To him the station will add nothing; tn his State and the nation his character and influence will be of great advantage. It is a patriotic wish, that he may be elected, ane that he may be induced to supply the vacancy in the Congressional dele gation of Georgia. Well Directed natirc. The editor of the East Alabamian in a flatter ing notice of the candidacy of a very mili tary’looking man for a Major Generalship of Alabama, thus hits oil a very common ambition for military titles, which would apply to sonic of our “ Georgia Colonels." “It is so common for the aspirations of men to be directed towards offices which they have no capacity to fill, that w hen we do chance up on an instance of well directed, laudable ambi bition, we cannot choose but record it. Nothing is more common than for high military offices to be sought by your lean, gaunt, Cassius-ltke fellows, with narrow, cadaverous visages, legs like ramrods, and bodies like walking caries. Such men generally think that their monkey like proportions are displayed to the best advan tage, on horseback, in tight military costnme; and are never content until they head, at least a Battallion. Hardened round us, encasing wholly every notion we form, is a wrappage of traditions, hearsays, mere words: we call that fire of the black thunder-cloud electricity, and lecture learnedly about it, and grind the like of it out of : glass gfld silk; but what is it ? Whence comes it ? Where goes it ? Carlyle Mechauics’ Meeting. At a meeting of the Mechanics of Augusta, held at the Mansion House, on Friday evening, November 17, Garey F. Parish, Esq., was call ed to the Chair, and Alexander Philip appoint ed Secretary. The Chairman stated that the object of the meeting was to call the attention of the mechan ics to the present system of mechanical labor as adopted in the Penitentiary, and to petition the Legislature tor its abolishment. On motion of Wm. O. Eve, Resolved, That a committee of eleven be ap pointed by the Chairman to lake into considera tion the effect produced on free mechanical la bor, by the prison labor of the penitentiary, and to prepare a petition to the Legislature, on the subject. The Chairman appointed the following nam ed gentlemen as that Committee: William Phillips, William O. Eve, Alexan der Philip, C. A. Platt, W. M. Hight, John Finn, Israel Bond, Mr. Burleigh, E. E. Scof fleld, Mr. Coles, Mr. Woodstock, Who, after retiring for a short time; made the following report: The undersigned having been appointed a ’ Cbmnriltee to &ke into ceasX_ftiiion the effect produced on free mechanical labor by the pri son labor of the Penitentiary, and prepare a petition on the subject to the Legislature, make t he following report: We have considered the subject mainly on its influence in mechanical operations, and are of opinion that mechanical labor in the Peni tentiary should be abolished. Ist. Because the felon who is there taught a trade is not morally reformed, and he is thus turned out a villain to compete with honest men. 2d. That the sales of goods made at the Pen itentiary prevents the honest and industrious maker of the same articles from realizing, to the full extent of his capital, and his character tor the faithful execution of his work. 3d. Because in as much as the demand for our products pre eiminished, it is a tax upon us for the support of an institution which seldom accomplishes the object for which it was crea ted, viz: reformation oi the convict. 4th. Because we believe that the mechanic arts should be elevated instead of being degra- , ded by the Legislature. They contribute as much, if not more, than mere intellectual pur suits to the purposes of life. The commerce of t* world and all the machinery of govern ment are constantly receiving fresh impulses by the achievements of mechanics, and we can not consent to their degradation. We also submit the following petition as more fully setting out our opposition to labor in the Penitentiary. To the Senate and House of Representatives ofthe State of Georgia in General Assem bly. The undersigned approach your honorable bodies with deep feelings of regret, that as a class in society they are comjoelled, in the assertion of the equality of rights guarantied to them by the Constitution, to complain of the former acts ol the Legislature, and now to ask a remedy for the evils they have created. These feelings are more deeply impressed, because this action on their part appears to con tradict and oppose some of the cherished opin ions oi philanthropic Statesmen; but, conscious of its rectitude, and the recent conflagration of a part of the Penitentiary, affording a favorable opportunity, they have determined now to come forward and present their claims, trusting that at your hands they will receive such favorable consideration as their importance deserve, and tliat in your wisdom some measure will be adoptedfor their relief. It must be obvious to your honorable bodies, that there must be something morally wrong in any system which, lor a moment, admits that the’ labor of felons and the outcasts of society can be substituted for the labor of the honest and in dustrious. It is arguing that the latter may be compelled to share the rewards of enterprise and industry with the former, and therelore, that all mechanical labor is degrading. But to place fttjjlPflious feature alike penitentiary system in its most glaring light, suppose for a moment it was the law to place the most adroit felon, &c., amongst the convicts under the tuition of a pro fessor of Theology or of Law, &c. A glance will show you that these intellectual labors, however highly appreciated, would be degraded by such an act. There are hundreds of young men in the State seeking to render their labors available, who, by the invidious distinction thus created, shrink from the contaminating contact of the felon, or even with a distant com petition with them in mechanical operations. Many of them waste their lives in the vain attempt to acquire celebrity in the already over stocked genteel professions, and finally sink in to habits of vice and immorality, which renders them a curse to society, and infinitely below the standard which should be set up Ibr Mechanics. That the penitentiary system, so far as it requires the introduction of mechanical labor into the prison, infringes our right, is quite evident.— The penitentiary is an institution created for the punishment ofcrime; the same compact which authorizes the punishment of crime binds every citizen, upon principles of equality, to bear a share of the expense of its Infliction. But it the convicts are set to work at our trade?, and thus deprive us of our means, is it not a tyrannical exaction, that, as Mechanics, we are compelled to bear the chief burthen ? With these views, we are willing to admit that the penitentiary system presen s a means of punishment more in accordance with humanity than the sanguinary inflictions of antiquity; but ve also believe that it is within the power ot the General Assembly so to direct such means as to avoid collision with established interests; and we would resjiectfully suggest that the con victs be employed in the construction of the Roads or in the development of the mining re sources ofthe Stale, or in solitary confinement. And your petitioners, as in duty bound, will ever pray, &c. On motion of A. Philip, it was Resolved, That a committee of four be ap pointed by the Chairman, one from each Ward, whose duty it shall be to procure signatures to tlje petition, and to recommend to the mechan ics throughout the State, that they should hold public meetings, and unite with us in endeavor ing to procure the abolishment ot mechanical labor in the Penitentiary. The Chairman appointed the following gen tlemen that Committee: A. Philip, H. Blinn, W. O. Eve, and C. F. Jones. On motion, the Chairman was added to the Committee. On motion, it was Resolved, That the proceedings of this meet ing be published in the city papers, and that the diflerent newspapers in the State, favorable to the objects of this meeting, be requested to copy. On motion, the meeting then adjourned. G. F. PARISH, Chairman. Alex. Philip, Sec’y. The Whigs of Marion County, Missouri, held a meeting on the 28th uli. Delegates were ap pointed to represent that County in the District Convention shortly to be held. Among the resolutions adopted was the following: Resolved, That the delegates from I his county, be, and they are hereby instructed to vote lor no man as delegate to the Whig National Con vention, who will not support for President of the United States, Henry Clay first, Henry Clay last, and Henry Clay all the lime. The Whigs of St. Louis County, Missouri, held a meeting for a similar object on the 2d instant, at which the following resolutions, among others, were adopted : Resolved, That, as regards the candidate of the Whig party for President of the United States, we do not know or care to know any oth er than the great statesman and patriot and ex alted Whig, HENRY CLAY, ot Kentucky, un der whose banner we go into the approaching contest, sharing with the Whigs of the whole country the high and fixed resolve that he must and will be elected. Resolved, That the District Convention be requested to send to the National Convention a Whig, sound and true, who will go for HENRY CLAY, “first, last, and all the time.” Bearnese Proverbs.—“ One eye is enough for the seller, a hundred is not enough for the buyer.” “ Give me today’s meat, yesterday’s bread, and last year’s wine, and then adieu to the doctor.” “ New stories, old friends.” “ The latest arrived gets the worst bed. ’ “ The evil speaker knows all the world ex cept himself.” “ Where on earth is not truth a hanging mat ter 7” The Price of Glory.—A writer in the last number of Blackwood estimates the numbers left dead on Napoleon’s fields of battle at ole million eight hundred and eleven thousand! Correapoudeuce ofthe Chronicle de SeiitlneL LEGISLATURE OF GEORGIA. Milledgeville, Nov. 14. Messrs Editors:—The elections for State House officers were completed about 2 o’clock to-day, viz: Surveyor General, Pleasant M. Compton, ot Butts county. Comptroller General, David D. Bothwell, of Jefferson county. Treasurer, Walter H. Mitchell, of Baldwin county. Secretary of State, Nathan C. Barnett, of Clarke county. I atn assured that all these gentlemen are good Whigs, oi unimpeachable character, ani unquestionable capacity to fill the several offi ces for which they have been selected. Il is, therefore, matter ot congratulation, while so ma ny candidates have been before the Legislature, whose claims were most earnestly urged by their respetive friends, that the party has beet l thus fortunate in the choice made. I observe that the Democratic presses here and elsewhere speak deridingly of the number of Whig candidates for office. It is true that their name has been legion, but it is equally true, 1 have no doubt, that a great many of those who have presented themselves to the Legisla ture, were induced to do so trom certain rela tionships which subsisted between themselves and members on the Democratic side of the House. What promises of collusion, of bar gain and sale, or of back-stair influence may have been made to them by their influence, L know not. One ol our friends to-day facetious ly remarked, that “he was not before aware that the Whigs and Democrats were so closely re lated.” On being asked to explain, he added, “that almost every Democratic member had at least half a dozen cousins, ranging from the first to the forty-second degree among every batch of Whig aspirants for office, but that by some mys terious influence they all concentrated their votes upon some particular favorite in the fam ily.” It was rather amusing, occasionally, to hear their reasons for supporting this or that particu lar Whig. Some would sustain A because he had married a Democratic wife, others prefer red B because, forsooth, from some personal pique he had voted against some influential or prominent Whig; but the mass of them gener ally voted so as to delay the elections as much as possible—to waste the time and spend the money ibr which the Whigs are to be held ac countable. To this general rule, I am happy to say, that there were many honorable exceptions among our Democratic friends, who regarded only character and qualifications in their votes, and evinced an honest anxiety to press forward the public business. The afternoon session was short, and employ ed in the election of certain Brigadier Gener als, viz: 2nd Brigade, 7th division, John McAfee, of Lumpkin. Ist Brigade, 13th division, John W. Dill, of Early. Ist Brigade, lltlsdivision, Enoch R. Mills,of Cobb. After the election of the above officers, both Houses adjourned over until 3 o’clock to-mor row, to give the members an opportunity to at tend the commencement of Oglethorpe Univer sity, which takes place at 10 o’clock. The Federal Courthas been in session to-day. Messrs Law and Berrien were both in attend ance, looking unusually well. The former gentleman, 1 am happy to say, is universally looked to by both parties as the presiding Judge of the Court for the Correction of Errors, in case it is established by the present Legislature.— This is as yet somewhat problematical, but if our friends are true to themselves and faithful to the Constitution, 1 cannot see how they can hesitate. Now that the elections are over, I hope that I may be able to give you something of interest to your readers. Every thing in the Executive Department goes on as smoothly with Governor Crawford and his Secretaries, as if each and all had been trained to the business tor years, I have heard more than one express their uatia faction at the increased promptness and facility with which business is transacted in the De partment. Governor Crawford will make an I admirable Executive officer, and he has now the 9 men around him who will ably sustain him in I his efforts. A gentleman from Hancock county has just | apprised me of a most bloody tragedy which was enacted there last night. Owing to some family difficulty, two men named Culver and Jackson, went armed to the house of a Mr. Law son to inflict upon him personal chastisement. Lawson seized his gun and fled under cover of the darkness, but finding himself hotly pursued, | turned and fired, and strange to say, killed both his adversaries at one shot. My informant is a man of character and veracity, otherwise I should almost regard the story as fabulous. I will defer my statement of bills introduced for a lew days, until both Houses get regularly to work. c. From an Oceaeioual Correspondent. Milledgeville, November 14. | Messrs Editors:—The Legislature has been in session eight working days. Their time has | been necessarily and unavoidably employed in I the laborious and irksome duty of electing offi cers for the State. VVhen the number of offices which it devolved on them, by law, to fill, is observed, it will not be wondered at that these duties have consumed so much time, more es pecially when the swarm of candidates for each office is remarked, which rendered unavoidable such frequent ballotings for each. In one elec tion for Solicitor, there were seventeen ballot ings. But these duties have at length been fin ished, and on the morrow subjects of legislation more interesting to the public at large will be commenced. No legislative body, in time of peace, has, jterchance, ever assembled with more arduous duties or graver responsibilities before it, than the present Legislature of Georgia. They have, as yet, but reached the base ot the moun tain of their labors. Let us hope that they will not weary before they have attained its summit. Every imaginable obstacle will be thrown in their way; their progress will be impeded at every step. In the mere election of officers the Whigs could have things as best pleased them, because by constitutional provision both Houses unite on joint ballot—but when each branch re solves again into its separate sphere, their pow er is by no means so decisive. On joint ballot they have nearly fifty majority; but this major ity, it will be observed, is almost entirely held by the House of Representatives. In the Sen ate the reliable majority on any question, is not more than three. In this condition, then, we find ourselves, with a meagre majority in the Senate, and a fierce, unscrupulous and relentless minority, watching, with a feline glare, the best opportunity to de stroy it. Can it be surprising, then, that the reduction bill, the most important to Georgia, and the subject ot restless solicitude to her peo- • pie, should be<hwarted and lost in the Senate, ? Ido not wish to be the voluntary bearer of ill tidings, but it is due to candor and delibe rate observation to say, that there is but too r nuch ground for such apprehensions. Ruma c, with her busy tongue, does not hesitate to say ( that a certain would-be United States Sent 4 tor, has hinted rather broadly that unless the a nmties an so divided into Senatorial districts as to mil the Eo cofoco party of the State, the reducti M hHJ shall VOL. VR-NO. 47. not pass the Senate. The passage of this biU, it will be borne in mind, requires the votes ol two-lhirdt of each legislative branch. If the democratic party can defeat the bill in the Sen ate, by combining against it, they think to throw themselves into their strong hold, the ignorance of the people, upon which they mainly rely for victory, and attempt to impress upon their minds that "the Whigs had the Legislature, and would do nothing tor the people I” ANON. Mmiu. Editors—l mentioned yesterday that both Houses had adjourned over to attend the Commencement at Oglethorpe University- This morning, the clouds conspired to mar our anticipated pleasure. The public and private conveyances were found entirely inadequate te carry half of those who would otherwise have , been present. Those, however, who were for tunate enough to reach the University, were amply re-paid for their toil and exposure. I have heard but one opinion in reference to the en'ertainments of the day.—Eight young gentlemen delivered orations, seven ol whom, I understand, received the degree of Bachelor of Arts. One thing appears to be generally ad- ” mi tied by those present —that the speakers clear- > ]y evinced in both the matter and delivery of their orations, that the greatest care and labor had been expended on their training. This was the more perceptible because it has been so general ly neglected in other institutions of the State.— The Trustees of Franklin College, conscious of this defect, have determined to remedy it by the establishment of a distinct professorship and the selection ot one of the most cultivated minds in the Stole, for the performance oi its labors. The Anniversary Oration of Henry R. Jack son, Esq., before the Thalian and Phi Delta SO cieties, I did not have the pleasure of hearing! though 1 understand from different sources that it fully sustained the growing reputation of its author—that it was replete with sound sugges tions couched in language at oncebeautitul and appropriate. The Senate did not meet in the afternoon. — The House convened at 3 o’clock, and consum ed the balance ofthe day principally in reading bills the second time. C. Millbdoevillb, November 16th. Messrs. Ebitors —The labors of to-day have been immense. I send you lists ol the Standing Committees in both Houses, as appointed by their respective presiding officers. Resolutions have passed each House, refer ring all Bills for the incorporation of Churches, Academies, or Societies; for admitting persons to practice Law, establishing ferries, election precincts, &c., to appropriate Committees to consolidate and report the same in proper form. The Reduction Bill has been made the order > ofthe day for Monday next. The following Bills have been introduced : | I. To extend the time lor payment of those ' indebted to the Central Bank. | 2. To compel plaintiffs, where the plea of usu- | ry is filed, to discover the facia on oath; other wise to permit the defendant to do so.—This is I to supersede Bills for Discovery. 3. To create a new Judicial Circuit to be call ed “Dahlonega,” and fix the times of helding Courts in the same. 4. To amend the law relating to the manner of selecting Electors for President ol the United States, and to regulate the mode and manner of their meeting, Ac. 5. To authorize Justices ot the Inferior Court and Justices of the Peace, to issue marriage licences. 6. To exempt certain property of debtors (via: 100 acres of land) from levy and sale. 7. To authorize the plaintiff to discharge the defendant when arrested on Ca Sa, but to retain his property bound for the debt. 8. By Mr. Grieve—for the protection and pre servation of the rights and property of married women, and to provide a remedy tot the recove ry and sale ol their property in certain cases. This Bill is one of such novelty and impor tance, and, if passed, will so completely revo lutionize the relations now subsisting between the sexes, that 1 will give your readers a summa ry ol its provisions. Sec. 1. Married women to become seized or possessed of property, real or personal, by be quest, demise, gift, purchase or distribution, and to hold the same free from the control ot the husband, and not subject tor his debts—provided the same does not come to them from their hus band after coverture. Sec. 2. Females seized of property, &c., be fore marriage, shall, after marriage, continue seized of the same for their own separate use, &c. &c. Sec. 3. All property of which the woman is seized during coverture, by gift, conveyance, 3k., shall enure and belong to her for her sepa rate use, &c. I Sec. 4. The control and management of such property to remain with the husband for the sup port of himself and family—but the wife may, in case of misuse or mismanagement, apply to the Superior Court by nprochei-n amy, and have a Trustee appointed who shall be governed by the laws now in force in his management of the property. Sec. 5. At the death of the wife, the property to go to the husband and children, share and share alike—and then at the death of the hus« band, to the children. At the death of the hus band, the wife surviving, the property to go to the wife and children; and on the death of hus band or wife, without issue, then the property to ger to the survivor, their heirs, 3k. Sec., 6. The Superior Court may grant or re tuse permission to the husband and wife, on joint pe.'jtion, to sell and convey said property, and thei r joint deed, after such permission is granted, is’good. What is .to be the fate of this Bill, I am una ble to say, T understand it has been prepared by an able Lawyer and Ex-Judge, and that it has many and ardent friends, as well as some oppo nents. My own impressions are rather favora ble to its general objects. It ought certainly to be very cautious! v gnarded, otherwise it will be the avenue to innumerable frauds. At any rate, the proposition is worthy of, and will receive, the serious consideration of the Legislature. The act of 1818 raised the fees of public offi cers 25 per cent. A Bill ba» P as9ed lower House by a rote of 104 Io 76, repealing the act of ’lB, and reducing salaries to the old standard. Its fate in the Senate is doubtful. A great variety of unimportant Bills on the second reading has been referred to the appro priate Committees. In the Senate this morning, the Bill re-char tering the Marine and Fire Insurance Bank of Savannah, after a brief disc use ion, passed—yeas 57, noes 27. This is one of the soundest insti. tulion s in the Blate, and the friends of a sound currency will be pleased to learn that its char ter v rill probably be extended 20 years trom 184&. Il the resolution referring the several subjects adv erted to in Gov. McDonald’s Message to the appropriate Committees, was a clause referring ';ha t part relating to “a National Bank—a high protective Tariff, and the repeal of Gen. Jack son’s fine,” to the Committee on the State of the Republic.—Air. Kenan, in Senate, moved to strike out the above quoted clause; and, upon his motion, a spirited discussion ensued be tween Messrs. Kenan, Spalding, Iverson, Bar tow, and Ridley. The motion prevailed, yeas 42, nays 36. So the Senate refused to refer.— In the He use, the reference was made without discussion. .Several gentlemen are engaged in preparing Bills dividing the State into Congressional Dis tricts. I will, at an early day, send you somn of the plana.