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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 183?-1864 | View Entire Issue (Jan. 4, 1844)
OIIWBWI W OLD SERIES, VOL. LVIII. THE CHRDNICLE & SENTINEL IS PUBLISHED DAILY, TUI-WEEKLY, AND WEEKLY, BY J. W. '& W. S. JON Et». The Weekly Clironidc & Senline IS PUBLISHED AT Three Dollars per annum —or one subscriber two years, or two subscribers one year for 85. Tri- Weekly paper, at Five Dollars per annum. Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum. Cash System.—ln no case will ano " lc jf paper be attended to, unless accompanied with the money; and in every Instance when the time f>r which anv sutweripti m may be paid, expires b -fore the receipt of funds to renew the subscrip tion the paper will be discontinued. Depreciated motley received at its value m ll '2 S ; 2 ty l _ p XID yV }[ > iVI V»■ D v v <■ 29. Taa Co.ure»riJ mi District Bnl. As this bill w.i» slightly amended on its final passage through th • Scnaie.it may uot be im proper to aliu.le brielly to the history of the transaction. After tae passage of the amended O ill in the House, (the particulars of which were given in this paper at the ti ne,) the con sideration of the whole subjec. was unnecessa rily delayed in the Senate, until the very day be fore the adjo trnment, and until s> ninny of the absent-th M Uai>iS-. to the mercy of their opponents in order to form or maintain a quorum. The Democrats finding that they thus had the power, determined to use it, and demanded a modim-alion of the bill as tneonly condition upon which they would con sent to its passage. Accordingly, the whole subject was recommitted to a select committee, consisting ot Messrs. Sayre, Miller, Iverson, Philips and Farris, with instructions to report. These gentlemen, alter much lab ,r and delibera tion, reported the bdl of tne House with amend ments only effecting tlie first three Districts, as noticed by us yesterday. V, egive below the namesof the counties com posing the several districts. Also the recapitu lation shewing the Representative population and political strength in each. So far as com pactness ot territory and the equality ot Repre sentative population are concerned, the bill is certainly inferior to the House bill. These had to be sacrificed to poli.ical considerations in or der to secure the passage ofthe bill, and humili ating as the circumstance may be to the .I.em bers of the Legislature, it was nevertheless bet ter perhaps that the modification should have been made, than lh.it the measure should iiave fail d, or this session protracted another week to insure its passage. The result was but a just and proper rebuke to those ( vVbigs though they may have been,) who sought to delay the action of the Legislature tor mere personal orsectional considerations. Below we subjoin a condensed sta'ement of the Congressional Districts, as adopted by the Legislature, showing their representative popu lation and party cast, as indicated by the late election for Governor. First District. —Camden, Glynn, Ware, Wayne, Appling, Mclntosh, Liberty, Bryan; Chatham, Eiiingiiam, Bulloch, Tatnall, Mont gomery, Liureus, Emanuel, Thomas, Telfair, and Lowndes—lß counties. Representative population 68,332; Whig majority 1069. Second District. —Decatur, E iriy, Baker, Randolph, Lee, Slewart, Sumter, Macon, Ma rion, Dooly, Houston, Muscogee, Irwin and Pu laski—ld counties. Representative population 76,695; Locos co majority I*3. Third DisTtncr. —Biob, Twiggs, Crawford, Upson, Talbot, Harris, Pike and Monroe—B counties. Representative population 74,493; Whig majority 817. Fourth District.—T oup, Heard, Coweta, Fayette, Henry, Meriwether, Carroll, Ua np bell and Newton—9 counties. Representative Dopuiaiioh 71,031; T ,rilv 53L Fifth District.—Dade, W .uaer, ..Cii&Uoo ga Floyd, Cass, Paulding, Murray,'Giltner,- Ctierokee, Cobb, DeKalb, Gwinnett and For sythe—l3 counties. Repr.s n ative population 70,176; Loeofoco majority 782. Sixth District.—Union, Ln r-pkin, Haber sham, Rabun, Franklin, Hall, Jackson, Madi son, Elbert, Clark and Walton—ll counties. Representative population 72,400; Loeofoco majority 850. Seventh District. —Morgan, Green, lalia ierro, Putnam, Jasper, Bu.ts, Jones, Baldwin, Wilkinson and Oglethorpe—loc-unties. Rep resentative population 68,725; Whig majority 1504. Eighth District.—Wilkes, Lincoln, Co lumbia, Richmond, Burke, Scriven, Jctierson, Warren, Hancock and Washing!-n-10 conn ties. Representative population 72,792 ; Whig majority, 1192. HECAPITULATION. Rep. pop. Cooper. Crawfoid. Majority. Ist Dist. 6«,362 28i9 3888 lob 9 W. 2nd “ 76,695 56 o7 5434 1/3 L. 3rd “ 74,496 4011 4828 817 )V. 4th “ 71,031 4727 5258 531 W. sth “ 70,176 6319 5567 782 L. 6th “ 72,400 5533 4683 850 L. 7th “ 68,725 3u.i3 4507 1501 W. Bth “ 72,708 2975 4467 1492 W. Mr. Clay. The citizens of Wythe Co. Va., recently invited Mr. Clay to vi.it that county during his South ern tour this winter and spring. In his reply Mr. C. says: “I should be highly gratified to visit Wythe county, which, besides other recommendations, bears a venerable name, ot which 1 never heat without emotions of gratitude.” Upon which remark the Richmond Whig comments as follows: “The allusion of Mr. Clay, to the venerable and venera.ed name of Wyiue, is highly appro priate, in an address to the citizens of a county which is called after that great man. li was he who first discovered in the hlltnbL- country boy who came to him without a recommendation, and was an, loyed by him through motives 01 compassion—luat latent genius, which wanted nothing but exposure, to kindle into a bi iglu and steady flame. It was he wuose experienced eye, comparing the unknown youth witn those who had figured most honorably on the stage ot Ame rican life, during tn? period of America’s great est trials, saw clearly that he possessed powers, which, properly us d, would one day place him alongside of tuose wno bad as-.i-ndeu highest. It was ne w.io first whispered the t.de ol honorable ambition, int i the willing ears ot ins youtmul protege. To him is due, not on.y the gratiuk.e of the individual, whose rare genius he first discovered, bin of ail this land, tort, e care wiru whies be lu-lered it, i:s well as inc direction he impaitedto it. From that great ui-.n, clurv.m c venrrub,! • ■ ■. ?•!.. Clayi ■ ■•■ive . Ins ;j,<: I -- sons in 1 . a patriot, and in .■ r tin ■ he has never departed ii om it. 110 m aim, woo was himselt a patriot and a sage, worthy of the brightest era of any republic, ancient or modern, Mr. Clay received ihe precept, which has been the leading star of his whole political hie: to think ot his country first,—tn think of her last; —to think of her al all times, and under all cir cumstances, regardless of consequences to him self, and utterly careless of ihe opinion of tho e, whose views, of a more worldly and ambitious nature, cannot take in the disinterested devotion, which is the highest and most enduring honor <>i the patriot 'I here were many men ot this char acter, in the times that tried men’s souls. a pure, uncalculating patriotism pervaded the whole American people, and was a sentiment common alike to the ‘-Father of his country," and the humble sentinel, who kept guard before the doorot the marquee. But the the times are sadly altered for the worse ; and Mr. Clay re mains, like a magnificent ; illar in the midst ol an ancient ruin, a monument ot departed gran deur, and a memento to the present generation ol what their ancestors were.” The Express Robbery.—The Albany Dai ly Advertiser lias the following letter which holds out the hope that a clue has at length been found, which may lead to the detection ol the perpetrators ot the robbery of Pomeroy & Co. New York, Dec. 20, 1813, 10 P. M. , We hope to close this da-’s business with something important. We have wormed down matters to asmall compass, and 1 think we are : on the right scent lor the money, ((».- 1 grant k: are.) That we shall find it 1 have no doubt.— It is not worth while to call names, or say on I whom our suspicions rest. We go into a rigid I examinination inihe morning. 1 think 48 hour, will throw a iiifferent light on the whole tnatl-r. An agent of Messrs. Thompson & Co’s Wes tern Express, in a letter to that firm, states that Pomeroy & Co. think that they have a clue to their missing trunk A man in New York ci. v has been buying goi I with money which they think was in the packa-e s:ol -n. The amount of exports from Cuba, of . articles grown upon the island, is annttallv about 825,003,099. The tax rates of the island I amount to near one hall that num, 313.200,000. 1 Choice ot* bcctp.vrfoNs.— Parents will fin. , tinder this head, in another column, tin artii-h abounding in soqnd, practical, common sense views, which we copy from tne Louisyil'le Joui ‘nhl, and tomihend to tbiir cairn consideration It contains many wholesome and well, digeste i truths which will apply very well tolhis latitude. The Orphan's Fair.—A Fair, forthe bene fit Os the orphans under the care o! the Rev. Di. Barry, will be held at the Masonic Hail 01. Monday next. We shall advert to the subjec again, and venture an appeal in belißlfof th I'athet less and the destitute. It is a nobleehaii ty, and should bring into active exercise the warmest sympathies of philanthropists. We learn from the Newark Daily Advertisei that the cloth and woden f ictory of George J Miller, near Arfien Smith’s tavern, six mile? from Freehold, N. J., was entirely.consumed on Monday night last, wiih all the machinery. We have not learnt, says the Monmouth Inquirer, how the fire originated, nor whether there ua any insurance on the pro erty. Jj* A.jouruey irom Bustuu to baltimore and back by stage formerly cost sll6, and required fifteen days’hard travel. It nqw requires thiee days, and costs $37 nt farthest, though less will What an abominable ‘tax’ these ‘corporate mo nopolies’ imposes on the People? How the souls of Benton, Sami. Young and Admiral Hofiman must dissolve in agony at its contem plation! 32rThe Mobile Advertiser of the 22d inst. says:—The moining opened yesterday, much to he surprise of the ms ofthis city, with a clear sky, and the sun looked out upon us with a clean (well washed) face, as bland and beneficent as il neither cloud nor storm had ever intervened between himself and the bounden recipients of his ligh*. For the moment the rains in this vicinity are over, but from the warmth of the weather, we fear that showers will soon follow. The temperature of the atmosphere is like that of April instead of December. The heavy rains have been, as far as we ctn learn, quite general throughout the South. Tremendous floods, it is feared, will be the consequence. The Cotton Crop.—The Motiile Journal of Co«i»terc: of the 20;h inst., has the following:— With resard to the estimate of this season’s crop, we have until very recently inclined to the belief that it would reach 1,930,000 bales and no more. From representations made to us within the last three or four weeks we believe ’ it may probably tail somewhat lower, though the heavy rains that have fallen within the last six week shave not, we are incl ined to think, destroy ed altogether th- cotton in the fields, and with what may be yet saved and brought into market, though inferior and ordinary in quality, there is some plausibility in counting upon a crop of from 1,800.000 to 1,850,000 bales. Estimates, however, are made in New Orleans as low as 1,600,000 bales. Questionable Advice.—Dr. Caldwell, in addressing a class of medical students at the West, said— “ln the words of Lady Macbeth, ‘But screw yotircoura-e up to the sticking point, and you cannot fail.’ Be determined—«nd, like the sol- I dier going into battle, let every one of you re solve to kill his man.” We rather guess that little matter will be fre qnently accomplishe.. without any particularly “screwing rcsolv. s.” Mexico a The Madisonian of Saturday afternoon has Tie" following paragraph on this subject: We learn that otricial intelligence lias been received by the Treasury Department, that the second instalment o! this Indemnity was duly paid at Mexico, but was n >t forwarded at the time, in consequence of an insuirection in the South. An escort was expected to proceed witli tne money to Vera Cruz about the latter part of November, One of the New York packets was detained al that port lor the purpose of receiving it on board at Vera Cruz, where it is expected to arrive in »1) th- month of December. Horrible.—Our Pu-tuiasier asked us, a lew days since to take Join Tylrr’s L'jc! We shud dered at the proposition ; but he handed over a volume of two or three hundred pages, published by the Harpers. As it is printed on line ma terials, we take great pleasure in recommending it lor sharing paper.— We have found, by ex periment, that it may be used in that way with out scratching a razor. It can be obtained of Uncle Sain’s officials generally, we | resume. It is a fair looking book; and, it seems, it was’nt “ nude to sZ6” Who pain for the pub lication 1--[Bridgeport. Sandard. Mr. Clay—Abolition. Below will be found a letter Irom Mr. Clay in reply to some questions prepounded to him by the Editor oi tfie La Grange Herald, on the subject of the Abolition of Slavery, provided the power to decide that question should be vested in him, and whether he would sign a bill abol ishing slavery in any one Stale, without the unanimous petition ol the Slaveholders ? From the Lagrange Herald. Ashland, Nov. 13, 1843. Dear Sir -I haveiluly received your favor of the 35th ult. propounding certain questions to me on the subjects ol slavery atiu Abolition ism which you desire me to answer with a view tv publication. 1 -am grea ly obliged by t.ie friendly motives which have prompted your let ter, anit thank you tor them; but, I think the pub lic is already in possession ol such clear and ex plicit evidences ol myopmionson those subjects, as to supeisede the neces ity of any fuitaei pub lication ol hem. I mite a gieat repugnance to appearing betbrethe public, Without tuemost ur gent reasons 1.-r doing so. i am now, some limes involuntarily and unexpectedly, more fre quently inane to present my-ell tu..n 1 could wish. My letters become tne subject of new texts lor perversion and anitn-decision, and give ifie toother letters, adding io my already bur then- o.iie correspondence. —Moreover, this fre quent appearance ol myself would be regaided as betraying a sensitiveness, which I really do not leel. B sei-s my speech made some years ago in the * i .iie, op the occasion of presenting a pe tition bom the District of Columbia agains 1 abuiiaon. and vat ions other ex; icssiols ot my , opinion, I have now’ the pleasure of trans,,-.it- , im-_ • i:n:> resolutions which 1 offered i in the t- . o.i e ol the United Steles in January, I 1838, as amendments to some resolutions pre-| viously offered by Mr. Calhoun, which probably : had escaped your alientiun. T hese cover the ! whole ground ol the District of Columbia, and ; the Territories, and I think ought to be deemed | satisfactory. 1 lender you cordial congratulations on the Whig tr.umph in Georgia, and other recent l ( cheering events. 1 am, with great respect, Your obedient servant, • 11. CLAY. Dr. F. 8. Bronson "R sole d, 1 hat the interference, by the citi zens ol any of the Stales, with a view io the abolition of slavery in this District, is endanger- : ing the rights and security of the people of the | District; an.l, that any act or measure of Con- I grass <:• signed io a’ olish slavery in this District, | would be a violation ut the faith implied in the cessions by the States of Virginia and Maryland.-, a just cause of alarm to the people of the slave holding .Mates, and have a direct and inevitable tendency to disturb and endanger the Union— " And Rcfolvcf, That it would be highly inex pedient to abolish slavery in any district of coun try set apart tot the In ~m trices, where it now exists or in Fiori a, the only Territory of the I United Slates in which it now exists, because ot I the serious alarm and just apprehensions which would thereby 'ie excited inincStatessusiainiug i thatdomestic institution; because the people Jf that Territory have not risked it lobe done; and, | when admitted into the Union, will be exclu sively entitled toderidethatquestion themseiiv; because it would be in violation or the stipula- ■ lions of the treaty between the United Statesar..; i Spain, ol the 22.1 of February, 1810; and, al> j, j because it would be in violation of a solemn | compromise, made at a memorable and crith al i peri-Mi in the history of this country, by which, whilst slavery was prohibited north, it was a :- mittedsi ulh of the line of 3S degrees and thinv minutes north latitude. On Senate’s Journal, i Jan. 10th, 1838, p. 125 and 126 AFrncTioN —I speak as 1 feel; were the wo ; man I loved suffering through p werty, I woul ! beg with her, if 1 could not relieve her ; tiom | unkindness, I would protect her; and if the ' world forsook her, 1 would be to her the world. SATURDAY MGANINU, DECEMBER, 30 Gifts tor the Season. 8. A. IlqLi.it.s Ims favored us with an Extr.. ‘Brother Jonathan,” of mammoth dimensions ' designed as a hidyday prrsent. ' Judge Harwood, ol Baltimore, who has been proposed as a candidate for the Governor o. Maryland, declines, through the columns ot lie Baltimore Patriot, having libs name present ■d to the nominating CdnvenUoh, and prefer being, “a working mart in thq'Whig party.” Volcano in Georgia. We find the tolfowing coui'municalion in th last Athens Banner, which we hope is no hoax,; lor we should like logel up a vulcanic eru; tiui.; on “our own hook.” We have been too long j dependent upon foreign manufacture, and «e are decidedly in favor ot lite home enterprise. Mr. Editor— Believing, it-to be a matter 01, interest to the community, to be made acquaint vd with newan.l strange phenomena, especially when such bel-mgs to our own Slate, 1 addiels you this communication I There is a mountain in Rabun county’, neai the North Caiolina line/that is now ihrow in out Isrge quantities of v^ry- black dense smoke, anu manif '-ts the appeai-ince of being volcan ic. Tq>se who have .viiiedlhis mountain,say that the dfooite Ji-sHrgs-in.(tn Jan; —. r.nd turn T? .j. slitmd like low disiani inumi. r, constantfv fiearu in the bowels ot the mountain. '1 here is no douot ofthis fact, as a gentle.nan of Ibis place ha.'i recently visited the mountain, and from him I have obtained information. The mountain itself is very dilficull to ascend, and is the high est in that region. It has the appearance also, of having un lergone violent changes heretofore' As soon as convenient, 1 intend visiting the ; place, and will afterwards give you a full ac- t count of it. AV. The Voice of Illinois.—The Whig State Convention ol Illinois met at Springfield on the ; Uta inst. They appointed delegates to the- : V. nig National Convention, ar d nominated \ Electors for President and Vioe President.— Henry Clay was declared to b< ; the choice ol the Convention for Presid.-nt, and John Davis ’ of Massachusetts, for Vice Pres ident. A Table, Rhoi-ing the amount of taxes assessed in ths year 1843, as returned by the R eceivers of the sev eral a unties on digests fitted m he Comp troller G neral’s: Office. Appling, 8159 85 Jones, 3,678 56 Baker, 1.287 41 La urens, Baldwin, 3,996 IS Li-e, t,707 49 bfob, 7,488 0 L’l .erty, 3*3*l 8> Bryan, 1,184 47 , .incoln, 2,105 86 Bulloch, 1,195 SO Lowndes, (no return ) Burke, 5,274 -8, Lumpkin, 1,472 90 Butts, 1,657 961.VIaeon, 1,217 03 Camden. 4,0’8 85|Madison, 1,319 29 Campbell, 1,118 18|Mariun, 1,376 20 Carroll, 1,361 -2':V, c lntosh, 3,653 03 C iss, 2 455 E0 Meriwether, 4.453 30 Chatham, Chattooga, 1,031 21 Montgomery, 545 14 Cherokee, 1,230 ‘6l Morgan, '' 4.885 73 Clark, 5,211 -.0 Murray, 1.2'4 60 * *obb, 1,892 24lMuscogee, 8,40. Columlla, 4 984 69|Newton, 3,786 99 Coweta, 30s> 6i Oglethorpe, 4,247 i 2 Crawford, 2,591 48|l’aulding, 702 45 Dade, 22fJ60Pue, ' 2,92171 Decatur, 1,335 25 Pulaski, ’42,43, 3,234 9; D.Kdlt, 2,679 43 Putnam, 4.964 85 Do<ny, 1,3-4 45 Rabun, 3>3 68 Early, J,SOO 90lRanuo.ph, "2,843 71 Effingham, 1 179 37|Richmond, 14,106 89 Elbert, 3,775 53lSciiven, 2,671 58 Emanuel, I.o>o 9 Stewart, 4 032 31 Fayette, 1,582 9i| Sumter, 1,1.09 66 F.oyd, l,r:6> 9liT-dboi, 4,623 03 F.osyth, 1,111 £0 l’a iaferro, 1,513 91 Fran lira, 1,7.6 24 I’atnall, 949 92 Gilmer, 468 7.1 Peifair, 1,394 ’4 Glynn, 2,e66 4 I Thomas, 2.593 94 Greene, 4,811 98| Troup, 5,272 72 Gwinnett, 2,327 44|Twiggs, 3,0 4 95 irabersham, 1,412 26 Ui i m, 492 72 Hal, 1.563 <5 Upson, 2,931 05 Hancock, 4,0.1 66llValKer, 1,169 0> Harris, 4,625 3 VValion, 2,903 43 Hoard, 1,4. 6 8 Ware, ’4l, ’2, 3. 1,194 86 i.cnrv, 3,1 7 S'J Wnrrats, 3 -3, .0 Houston, 4 128 06 VVa hingtori'J 3,-.18 3s liwin, (noreturn.; >Vayne, 432 3. Jackson, 2,225 4.. Wil. es, 5,131 68 Jasper, 4,462 6 ! Wi.kiuson, 1,612 77 Jefferson, 3,216 57 8270,335 44 52i’The hig etauuard.at Was! iingtun,says that the Logical Abstraction Son ieiy are dis cussing the question whether, incs.se ot the An nexation of Texas, Sam Houslo’n or John Ty ler would be President of the ne w Consolidated Republic. Sure enough. If .ire Annexation woulddispose of the Deplorablie Accident, we fear it would prevail over all o ppositii n. The next question to come before thr r Society is—in case John and the President off he Senate shouL both decease, and Speaker Jon es should be ad mitted by Congress to be unuu ly returned to the House, who would then be Pie sident, Mr. Wise or Robert Tyler? The Ruleri; and Orders du not solve the difficulty. : £3rA petition at Washin-’ton has received the signatures ofall the Pennsylvania D 'lega tion, asking the President >.o appoint Horace Binney to the Bench of be f tupreme Outirt. O’ The Governor ana Council of Massa chusetts, having counted the votes ca st at the iast election for members of the State Senate, find that seventeen Senators -only have receive, the requisite majority of votes, ol whom eleven aie Whigs. The vacancies are twenty-three in number, and, on the r jeeling of the Legis lature, will of course be filled with Whigs. ’jj’A public meetiti; ■ U as held at Balli, in the State of Maine, on the 15th inst., at which the necessary nrrangeme nts were made fore btain ing a charfi-r and raising the means for e.tumd ing the Rail Road., which is now in lull and successful opeiatt-on from Boston to I’ortlland, to the town of B? so. The Chat iesi on Courier ol yesterday says:— We learn Ire m Capt. Vincent, of tie sc hr. ll’reccoMow, wived at this port, yesterday mot ning, Irora Kingston, (Jam.) that many of tin Planters, of that Island, were entirely abandon ing th estates, on account of the suicida eours e of policy pursued by the British Govern men . in reference to the colored j ot uia.ion oi th:- tai lthcother British Islands. "'.I-- Litchfield (Conn.) clnq.tirersays that the i I iron VVi ■:!•..-> of liie .Messrs. Peters, six or seven j miles west of this village, were cestroyed by I fire on Monday night. We have not heard any I 'estimate ol the loss, but it is large, and no in ; surance. Yesterday morning an iuciucm occurred in the ! Bowery which we think deset vingof record. A I horse drawing a loaded sled skipped, fell, and,ac cording to custom, commenced floundering at a great rate. Two line gentlemen, withou leaving the side-walk, very k'ndle undertook to give directions to the bewilrteied diiver;ven good directions no doubt, ex cept that they re quired the poor man to be ir. two orthree places at once. At this moment a well dressed middle aged woman, who was pi issing along, seeing (the cruel situation of man and beast, i totnptly ' stepped into the street, s eized the siruggtii -■ j horse by the head, held it f irmly down, and thus enabled the driver to unhi' .ch the animal. Cine of the exquisites, apparently ashamed ot him self, now stepped forwar J to take theplaceoi the woman, but she push cd him away and or dered him back to his companion. Having rendered all necessary assistance, our heroine quietly went on her » ay.—-V Y. Cwt. Adv. Ocr Shipping.—As an ir. iertion 01 the im proved condition our i naritinte interests it t> worthy sf mention, i mu the entire fleet ei more ihr n two bund" ed square ringed vessel belonginirto this place is now at sea, with only the exception of a ship > now fitting, and a bars Seven sh ips and bark s have sailed within the i last few days. Abot t a dozen schooners and I perhaps hall that num berof sloops, and coasters, ■which fire laid no in dock tor the season, lur i nish the only representation of an amount oi ' tonage Belonging to this port which is only ex- I ceetied by that ot lot r other ports in the Unitec States. —.Vein Bsdfur d Mercury. is abi mt passing a bill to elec: meir.bers of Congret sby district, which is say ing we are wiser to- day than we were yesterday (D ( J.) . You are not quit) . right Mr. Standard. It i staying that this vea: the friends of law and ot d.er are tn the ascen dency, whereas at the la : session ou 1 State w, as under the control of tl • .disorganizers.—Col Enquire AICI SI A. i.'A Tlll-RSIMMIORMNG. JANUARY 4, 1811. From the lialtimore American. The Ih ftlsh Tarlffi During th? last session of tne British Parlia ment, the Premier, Sir Robert Peel, complain ed th t the United states had not met the libefn. advafircs of England in a corresponding spirit, and that while the British Government had re luced its duties upon many American produc tions, the United States bad persisted in itstaii. of 1 '42. There are journals in our own conn try fond of repeating this charge; nor do they keep within the limits of fairness in their state meats on tins subject.—Thus it has been at tempted to be shown that, excluding lobacc. frdm the estimate, the aver.' ge of dut,e< levte. upon our products im| orted mto G eat Britain is only 11 percent. The unfairness of thi statement consists in this: that it only takes in to the account those articles impoited into Grea Britain, without any reference to the general scale yf the British T ariff upon /American pro ductions. 11 every American product, excepi co ton, were excluded entirely from the British ports, then it might be said that ibe average ol duties levied upon our products imported into Great Britain, was only 10 per cent —that being the duty on raw cotton. To make a fair statement, it is necessary to exhibit the rates of duties upon American pro duces gemrall}-. Thus upon our wheat and other grain there is, at this time, a du y of about 55 pe. r cent. There is also levied— On niir Pork a duly of S». st. per cv.-l. or ab’l -P pr. cl. “ Beel. “ R*. “ •* 8J “ Breon, “ 14*. “ “ 73 “ “ Birter, •* 3Q». “ “ 50 “ •• Cheese, “ 10*. “ “ SO “ Tar+nw,. - -A* I Os- - - Codfish Yj/.. « .: '• Hire, “ 6s. “ “ 0 “ " Hops. “ tills. “ “ 300 “ -- Clo’r &gr seed, “ 10s. “ “ 28 “ Tobacco, raw. “ 3s. “ pound *■ 1303 “ *• do manufact’d, “ 9x. “ “ “2010 “ *• Wtii-key, “ 22s fid. “ gallon “22>>0 “ ‘‘ Cider. “210 s. “ lon " 360 “ “ Vinegar. “3785. do “ 500 “ o l.unlb'r,»tv’e,&c-‘ 25e. *• sq foot “ CO “ “ Clocks, “ “ “ 20 “ “ Leather, “ “ “ 15 “ “ Tar & Turpen’e “ “ “ 2 “ T hese rates per cent, arc calculated upon the prices of the respective articles in New York. If the Cincinnati prices were taken as the actu al origin'll prices of most of the articles, the rates percent, would be much higher. Pork at a dutyoi eight shillings sterling perewt. would pay about one hundred per cent, instead of tony asset down iu the table. And so of other arti cles. Now’ if the duty on cotton be put down at 10 per cent, and the average be then struck accord ing to the rates here given, the true estimate ol the average of British duties on American pro Unctions will be ascertained. It will be seen ai once that our Tariff’, averaging about 30 per cent, is liberal in the extreme when compared wish the British Tariff. Our import ations into Great Britain in 18-12 are*estimated at 548,000,000. Ofthisaggregate co-ton alone colnstiltitrd an item of $10.000,000 A vast deal of t his cotton goes into Great Bri tain. not tube c>ins’imed there, but to be manti factored for re-e xportation —and quantities of ii come back to ou rowti country in the shane of fine rotton fabrics with a value immensely en hanced. The pro,fits ofthisenhanced value go to the British mann lecturer. It is from no liberality ot policy towards us that England takes iso .much of our colion. It is for her own manufacturing interestthatshedoes so. If she could procure a sufficient .supply from the East Indies, Brazil, and Texas, sh“ would not hesitate to increase her duty on our staple. The exclusive system which England has ri gidly pursued lor so many years having been retaliated hack upon her by manyoflhe nations of Europe and to some extent bv the United States, she ivonld now preach liberality. For slight reductions in her Tariff she would have other nations make greater reductions in theirs —although her reduced scale is higher than that of the country which sherexhorts to the adop tion i.ffree trade. But it is for us in this Union to settle down permanently on fixed principles, just and libera! to other natii ns, and at the same ime duly regardful of our i >wn substantial do mestic interests. From he hsue.niucii i 'epubiic in. Whig lu.g.sfo.'ami. The Federal Union v. riuiic. most uncomfor tably at the I.gi.Hauuii <4 Hie last s-’-sivn just closed. Uhnappily, it is too gi> ul, t-jo tisetul, 100 unlike that ol past yesis, to p ieu--c our con temj-oraiy, and it appichenus, s nil pcihaps too m.wu i.cusoii, ■■ , kut o.sc« ; . people. I’ne sbfiteEcb iif ’i tie - nauuu upon democratic legislation is still receti', and there is too much cause to supuo se tiial laws adapted to the real wants oi the peoj >le will be nailed with enthusiasm. Tae Union does not censure the action on the Western and -tt.antic Rail Road, it cannot, because the expenditure ol tneß27o,ooVof bonus already appropriated, and the translcr ot tne dL.te prisunets to perforin work on the road were, it we remember rightly, insisted upon in express terms, again ana again, in its columns. I’uis is just tne plan ttiat tue Legislature has adopted. As for the restoration of the currency to par, and oi the State credit to respect and confidence, it has been iegaide.l, so thr as we know, as a came dt universal jubilee. In this quarter, we believe that there is but one mind on this sub ject. All think alike, and it might fairly be in rerred that upon this one all-imi oitantand vital subject tiiefe could be in no State, and no sec lion of a State, two different opinions. Heai how the Federal Union, that most faithful de fender and expositor ol the Central Bank, dis courses: I‘Anolher measure requiring the issue of Stale ounds, lias been effected. Tne State will no longer pay out any oi the bills ot the Central oauu, but borrow from thechartered banks theii mils, iu be paid to the creditors of the State.— i he Banks are to receive in return the bonds ol ■ lie ttate, bearing interest at the rate of seven per cent per annum. We have no doubt thej will make a handsome profit on these bonds.— .he Slate has thus s .ectunbed to the motie} owe:. She has put down her own institution and become tiiimtary to the batiks! She pay* <o them interest lor the use ol ttieir credit and Jegiade-. her own. These measures will li popular wiih the money power, but the jeupl who pav the taxes will , ay for it.” Now’,' we would respectiul.y ask, whether tin Editor can possibly he sincere uhen bespeak’ dius? Certainly, in nosectiunuftnelowcoun try would such ideas be advanced. "Th Slit, ias succumbed to the money poioer.” Now is no the reverse of this actually U ue, that al iast tin otate is disengaged from the grasp ot a motistei inat lias squandered her resuuices, depreciated ,ier credit, dna nearly ruined her financial char a-ter at Home and abroad. We put the ques lion to you, fellow citizens, who have seen Hit .ygiessions, and the reckless conniptions of that .nstiiuliun, whether the Elate bassuccumbed,oi wheiiier tne money power has succumbed. Tin Banks are expected to make “a handsome ptoli on tueir bonds.” Th sis a lair business tran -actiuii, and a much better one than to borrow .nonet oi t.he Pncenix Bank in New York at ;er cent, to .'van it out to speculators, many ol whom have neither credit nor character, :.t 6 pei cent., to say nothing of corrupting legislators • „,}<■: ’ ism int- res‘jar Ik: v.scoj heircr: in .1, .‘.cms ,i-:r Hirn.” is thLtnie! Is th* r. a.esf.piitesl appiuxanalion to, or si nnm.iice o. viu.h tn it? C mainly not. Ihetevetseol thn is true, lor every one is aware that the credit o the Etale w hich has been degraded for year, past, is now reinstated a n a firm basis. “ Rul th: people who pun the taxes Will pay for it.’ 1 This caps the'elimax. ' It is Hie very r elin- men. ol absurdity. The people will have to pay iui me discliaige of their holiest obligations, but tnev will not have to pay for any more discoun on Central Bank money, they‘w ill not have to pay tor that money thiown away on specula lors, whe.her in politics or land, nor w.ll they nave to pav, we hope, for defaulting Treasurers. : iiia tlie various oilier extiavagancres that have signalized Democialic sway. Tiie Senatorial district system is, oi course, conuemned. We have shown conclusively that it is equitable and just. > The dividing ol die State into Congressional Districts also receives a Touch of the indignam’ al me hands of the U mon. Here, too, il ean be easily shown, that the de* iations Irom the bill passed bv the Democrats last year are so slight as hardly to merit notice. T he Union concludes its article, which, alter ail, hardly amounts to open d.sapprobation, as follows : ‘ ‘‘Such are the prominent and truly important measures of this memorable session. The Wbigs are intoxicated with their success, and oveijoved in the execution of their plans.- While” v.c write, the noise oi revelry and shout ing is heard. Our streets, and some ot oui mmses have for several nights presented the same scenes. But the “sober second thought” of the people is yet to be knowm. T hey will sii m judgement on the measures of this party,sent as it were by accident in the majority. Forom .-.elves we shall besaii-fled- 11 ‘be peopleprc.ei to see their State on her knees before a few petty tanking coiporations—it they prefer a legisla tion grossly pattial and not aeopted to their in erests or wishes—il they prefer to pay urmecc - ’ary taxes that their money may, as we will prove be lavished on oljecU nut sanctioned b; 'he public voice, let tt.em continue thtir sup po’tto the Whigs.” A Cincinnati | ape; ’ ates that a well known pork merchant oi that city has lately disap peared, having committed fiauds andfbrgeri-.; amounting to $193,W0 How time it was New i .mi >.p. -u>d a i s be. 10l its re- on, w’itii ail its an ! reflections, low in and it with a cor ial welcome—to mark course foran- . . . . j .at ■ lot i? ’.-a retrospect of that - ki-ji'-: p.-mi.;; 1 se—ymie forever!— -ucha retrospect is T<» », whether it excite ■l.-asiire or sadness, and sel veas a beacon i l.t to direct our course.— 3ut we will not n-a >ee tl,r adon)yde them of the n, b.ea we Jo Maw. In from the .a m.j s -niii done the 01.-i<M;md Jj ; them that which punctual- ,'.v mine p-’rfurmai:;’isßß^|^Jiu£y i a s mail lily olibe press I'liis- . pemhar.-'C, 'WrjMMtd’public who . ~i v.-i. ---'-Qsaviio know 1 route, and : ■ their due proportion opinion could be more shall take o casion to show; asan ict of sheer justice, both to the roads, and to the’t ritvelltag pub I ic, who are larticularly interested il art vised of the certainlyof transportationon any route they may select tor travel. It is then a remarkable fact, and one worthy of record in the history of rail road transporta tion, that since the first ofi September last, a period of four months, the mails and passengers have been transpoited over these roads daily, each way, a distance of two hundred and forty miles, one hun.tredand fiveof w hich are pass ed over exclusively in the night, and but two failures have occurred,one on e<.ch road, both of which were occasioned by some slight derange ment in the machinery of the engines. We have said this is a remarkable fact, and we challenge any Railroad in the union to make a like exhibit of their transportation department. We care not at what rate they travel, whether in the day or night, or what length of road, we believe that such regularity in the delivery of mails and passengers is nnparrallelled in the history of rail roads. Periodicals. 5. A. Holmes Ijas laid on our table the fol lowing monthlies for January, “The Ladies National Magazine,” Godey’s Lady’s Look,” -nd “the New Mirror” —also “Miss Leslies Magazine” for December. The Western and Atlantic Railroad. In giving a list of the acts passed by the last Legislature, the Milledeeville pa; ers have reported hco acts tor the further progress of the work on the Western and Atlantic Railroad, &c. The Constitutionalist of Thursday last nas fallen into the same error. The Editor, af ter giving the details ot the first act, remarks: “T hese are the provisions of one act, which alone would have been sufficient; but, in their (Vis.iom, the members of the Legislature thought tin t on- act was not enough, they the-t fbre pass ed another act, which originated in the Senate, and which, to ensure its adoption, c-mains a section acceptable to the leeling and opinion entertained by different classes of the Legisla ture.” The last Legislature was’neitlter guilty of the lolly charged in this paragraph, nor does it deserve the censure therein implied. Loose (.-Lb. ■/ . l avU ,l W!)iM' ye', been so completely addled -as to pass at the same session two acts, one ot which contained every substantial, provision embodied iu the other. The facts in reference to these acts we under s and to be these; In fiieeai'y part of the ses sion two bills were reported from the Commit .ee on Internal Improvements—one to each .irancli of the Legislature. The Senate bill was not acted upon until that of the House had been taken up, amended and passed. When the Se nate bill came up lor consideration, Mr. Iverson offered as a substitute for the whole, a bill con taining the substance of his resolutions which provided lor the sale ol the road lor a million ol iollars, and which had been adopted by a ma jority of some ten votes iu the Senate only a few lays before. In the opinion of the friends of the road this substitute did not sufficiently provide or the preservation of the work until the sale was perfected—it was, in fact, regarded as a virtual abandonment of the enterprise. Having a right to perfect the original bill, they resolved to do so, by incorporating the project of sale among its provisions. They still declared themselves opposeffto the sale, but as a majori ty of the Senate had declared in its favor, they a ere willing to sacrifice their opinions on that -übjeci, in order io insure the preservation ot the work fur the present, and its ultimate com pletion. The provisions of the act finally passed were n substance as to lows: 1. The act of 1841, which suspended the >voik beyond the 52 mile station was tepealtd. 2. 1 he unexpended balance ot $270,00*1 in State bonds -a a- placed in the hands of tne Gov •inor, io be used torthe preservation of the road, .nd lor its final extension to tne point of inter eciion with the Rome branch. 3. So s<.on as either the Georgia or .Monroe tailloads aie completed to the South Eastern erminu.-' ol the State road, then the Governor is itithoi'iz d io use such turther amount of the loremeniiuned 8270,01X1 as is necessary to ■<jiii:i thn road witn cars, engines, and to i 4 it into complete operation. 1. The balance of said $270,000, after the ac ■< iiq lishmenl ot tile above pul poses, is lobe ■xi.ended for the further gradual extension <i n - State road towards the Western terminus 5 S‘ftil.l any person or persons offer in pttt- I’h isc lor said road the su n ol one million of li.ftors, in addition to the. amount in th:- . .ime i-xj en :ed under thisact, then the Govginor i-authorized to sell the same under proper re ■uictions. 6. The Governor was also authorized toem .loy certain convicts from the Penitentiary on he work. . Such were the provisions >f the Senate bill as it ultimately passed, and was concuired in by he House. The bill which passed the House was, we believe, indefinitely postponed m the Senate, as the subject had been finally acted upon before il came up in its order lor a third i eading in that body. We have given this full explanation ot the action ofthe last Legislature upon this impor tant subject, in order that all parlies may under stand. and properly appreciate, the course which it was found necessary to pursue, and which we trust may redound to the honor and interests of the State. * A Convention with Alexico.—The Nation al Intelligencer of Friday says: “A Messenger despatched by Gen. Thompson, our Minister a: Mexico, arrived in this city on Tuesday last, having left the city of Mexico on the 22d ulti mo, immediately alter the conclusion there, by >ur Minister, of a Convention with the Gov ernment of that Republic, the object of which is tnd'rstood to be to make provision in favor of litherto unsettled claims of American citizens for indemnities. This news will be acceptable io the holders of such claims, and furnishes, be -ides, as far as it goes, additional evidence of he disposition of Mexico to maintain friendly elations with the United States.” Live Hogs were selling at Cincinnati, on F iday last, at from .82 30 to SIBO per hundred po inds. Safes of Mess Pork were made or. rhursdayafs7 75 per barrel. Flour $l7O i Whiskey 19 cents Bm>x*n« nor and cold. —The ColtnniHi* Enquirer says: Tile detm e-rita lifive ever hern noted tor the fftitrciy of their •‘dear people,” and to this is Li.iii It lobe attributed their.success in times past. But they do soinetime.j throw oil their hyjti(critfi*af mask, and git eveii'.tffVre pent uj.kfeeitligs of. rage altd vlndiefive-aii’fipqa tnotJ to them. Tire following extractJrmff <)ie writings of Amu- Kcuaal!, the great dx,pothii|er of democracy, in giving his reasons for'the Whig triumph hi 18-19, shows th? real feeling they entertain for a great majority pt itje vo'.ere oi’ tbe union : > “Vast assemblage*, maddened, by liquors, at>d infuriated by songs, by raviugs called, speeches, anTbu sensi less yeilings, sent forth their well drilled tlioiisands, each as if with a torch from Hell, to kindle afire to the Furies U;x»ri the altar of every log cabiu, and light up a (lame upon every stump. And the orgies of the canvass were” consumtnSfed by Perjeries and Frauds at which the min'd still shudders.’ Gen. Jackson. —A letter from Nashxil|e> publislietl In the Evening Post of Saturday, suites that General Jackrmi is in very infirm health. He never leaves his room, and is ema ciated to mere skin and bone. He has a se vere cough, and pain in the back and side, but his voice and Intellect ap[Aear unaffec’eif. A (urge sreaui bagging ts-rfor? ni.Oincinjiiiii is.l.i-mtoi iiui-.il ia tire establish- and do n.it occupy a space of more fltan 4 fee’. Twenty-five pounds of lard per day are cors'.tmed. >' Withdrawal or M.t. Br. iianas-.—-The Lancaster Jiilclligcnccrcontains a letter from the Hon. James Buchanan, iu which he “withdraws his name from the list ot Presidential candidates, to be presented before the Democratic National Convention.” The reason assigned is “an anx ious desire to drive discord from the ranks of the party,” &c. The Baltimore American says:—The princi plc contended for in Mr. Barnard’s Protest has been pronounced by some to be inconsistent with the principle maintained by the Whigs in the celebrated New Jersey case. We ask the in dulgence of our readers for referring to this sub ject so often; but in our judgment it marks an epoch in our political history, and in justice to the cause of constitutional Government w can not let any occasion go by without some attempt to have the true point involved understood, so far al least as it may be in our .power to offer any means ofexplication. The annexedextract is from an article in the Boston Daily Adver tiser, from which it will be seen that the case now presented is altogether different from the New Jersey question, and that the only inconsis tency involved in the matter is the inconsistency ol that party, now in the majority in the House, which in the N. Jersey case denied the validity ofthe broad seal to prove any thing, and which bow contends for its capability of proving what they themselves admit to be untrue: “The principle maintained bytheWhigs in the New Jersey case wassimply this: that the cer tificate ol the Governor of a State bearing the Be il ol the State, to facts which it was competent and proper lor the Governor to certify, was prim ifiKie evidence ofthe facts it recited. Un der this | rineiple it was held that the Governor ot New Jersey having certified in the proper form that certain members were “duiy elected” to the House oi Represenjatives, it was not competent for tire i joti-e, befi-re organization, to go behind that certificate toinquireintolhe/uc/sot theelec i ion, and to investigate tlie question of majorities and illegal votes. But the case of the general ticket members t- the present House is entirely different. They h .ve, it is true, certificates from the Governors of their respective States, that they ate “July elected.” But Congress has passed a law declaring that its members shall be elected in a certain way, from districts formed upon certain principles. Now it is notorious, it isun 'conir.toicted,4liat these meirtbi(is were mu so elected; that there have been no elections held in the States which they claim to represent, in accordance with the late apportionment law; that, therefore, there has been »» cleclion in those States. Let us suppose that in this Common wealth, the legislature should have wholly neg lected the apportionment law, and the people had proceeded to choose members ofthe present Congress froni the old and that the Gov ernor should have given to twelve members their certificates that they were “duly elected.” Is it to be thought iora moment, that the House would have allowed to Massachusetts in the votes of organization the voice ol twelve members instead of the ten to which she wasentitled ? Certainly not. Thistheti is the distinctionthatalthough the certificate is prioia facie evidence nt' facts, yet the house being the judge of the law ofthe matter, takes cognizance not only of the laws that Congress has passed to regulate elec tions, but ot those which the States passed to carry them out. It accordingly knows in the first in-tance that the certificates cannot be true. The Conns of the United States which treat for eign laws as matters demanding special proof, recognize the laws ofthe several Stales as things which they are bound to know. So the House sitting in its judicial capacity to decide upon the qualifications of its members, may be supposed to take notice of the laws of tlie several States; to know, ibr instance, that there is no law in New Hampshire under which a member can be “.-ZitZv efreto/;” and to throw out the certificates at once. If this judicial cognizance cannot be claimed, the fact that there has been no such doe election, that there has been in fact no elec tion under the Statute, is notorious, indisputable and undisputed. The nullification of the law ofthe United States is boldly proclaimed upon the floor ofthe House itself. If there were any doubt as to how Congress came at the fact, that these members got at their certificate by a false use of words, it is enough that it is admitted as a part ofthe case, by the party charged.” A Swindler at Large.—A reward of 8300 is offered by AV. Loyd, of Charleston, for a man calling himself Cun.'!l:r Brown, from Lancaster county. Miss., about 35 or 40 years of age, of extremely dark complexion, and about 6feel i» height, purporting to be a negro buyer—wito passed off in that city, a large amount of coun terfoil SIOO notes ofthe Northern Bank of Ken. tc.ckv, dated Lexington, Nov. 10th, 1842, paya ble at Paris—No. 213. Letter D , M.T. Scott, Ca .hier, and John Tilford, President. He left there the same day on horseback, with sadTc h-ys, dressed in a long drab color overcoat. Pork in Illinois.—Between si-ven an.: • r.lit :h >iisand Hogs have been killed and ptieked al 5, ring:!, id, Illinois, the piesent season, lire price paid there varying from 81 25 to $2 per cwt. Railroad Convention. —A convention was held at Keene, N. H , on Wednesday, to consider the project of constructing a railroad, in con nection with that from Boston to Fitchburg, through Keene to Bellows Falls, and to be extended, afteiwards, by Burlington to Canada, thus forming a direct route between Boston and Montreal. From an official return just presented to the Government, it appears that since the year 1829, no less than forty-five thousand new houses, forming seven hundred and fifty new streetsand squares, have been erected, or are in the course of building, in London and its suburbs. gj-The Convention of Abolitionists, assem bled at Utica, has denounced John Glincv Adams as a recreant to the cause of human liberty.— Ledger. Mr. Clay in New Orleans. —Mr. Clay ar rived in New Orleans on Saturday the 23d ult. at his special request there was ne display of populai enthusiasm. There were exported from Boston, during the week ending on the 23d instant, 386 bales of Domestic Goods. Os these 209 bales were shipped to Smyrna, 127 to the West Indies, and 50 bales to South America. Post Office Robbery.—The Post Office at Albany, N. Y., has been recently robbed, by one of the Clerks, (W. Bacon.) who acknowledged his guilt, and gave up numerous letters which hr had opened—he had used one hundred and titty dollars. single tog of mahogany was sold at N. York, a day or two ago, lor $502 17 January TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS. Carrcspondencr qf the Baltimore American. WashijiGton, Dec. 26. SENATE. The Chair presented the memorial of the President and Directors of the Banks iu Alex andria praying the renewal of their charters. Mr. Tappan, from the Chamber ot Commerce of Cincinnati, praying Congress to erect a bridge across the Ohio, at wheeling. Mr. Atchison gave notice of a bill to establish a Government for the territory ol Oregon. Mr. Barrow's resolution relative to Mexican claims, was taken up and adopted. Mr. Breese submitted a resolution calling on the Secretary of the Treasury, to inform the Senate how many suits had been brought for trespasses upon public lands, and with what fe suh. Mr, Allen submitted one to rescind the V)tk Rule which requires this body to sit with closed doors on Executive nominations. The Senate took, a short Executive session, and adjourned. HOUSE. At twelve o’clock the House was called to or der by the Speaker, and after prayer by the Chaplain, the Journal of Friday’s proceedings was read by the Clerk. Mr. Wilkins rose to offer a resolution. Ob jec tion was made. The Chairstated upon enquiry that the busi ness in order, was a resolution proposing to re fer with instructions a petition, offered by a member from New York, in regard to reduction <d' postage, to the Committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. This was unfinished business lying ovi-r. Horae c<m ve.E’itojtio oi..- djn regard i-“-: rules and the order til Business. Mr. Wilkins asked for the reading of his res olutions for the information ot the House. — The resolution was read, and had reference to an examination by a committee, of the proprie ty of constructing an Iron Steam Vessel to pro tect the navigation ot the Ohio River. He then moved to suspend the rules torthe purpose of offering his resolution. Objections were made, when Mr. J. R. Ingersoll remarked that the call on the Territories Ibr petitions had not been com pleted on Friday last. The Chair again slated the order ol business. Mr. J.R. Ingersoll moved to suspend the or der ot business, for the purpose of proceeding with the call on the States and Territories for petitions. Some further conversation took place between the Chair and other members, in regard to the order of business. Mr. Adams rose to ask a question before lie voted on the motion. The House, on a pre vious day, had resolved itself into Committee of the Whole, on the President’s Message, and had determined to refer part of the Message to the appropriate Committee. The whole of the Message, however, was not disposed of, and he now wished to know whether the portions al ready referred had gone to the committees, or whether they would not do so, until the whole of the message was referred. The Chair replied that the Committee ofthe Whole had not reported, and consequently no portion of the Message was yet before any com mittee. Mr. C. Johnson addressed the Chair in re gard to the difference of opinion between him and the Chair, in reference to the rules and the order of business. The vote was then taken on the motion to suspend the order of business, to proceed with the call on the States and Territories for peti tions. The decision was in the negative. Mr. Adams enquired whether it would be in order to move to go into Committee of the Whole on the President’s Message. Tbe Chair replied that it would not, and that it would be in violation of a standing rule of the House. A* member from Indiana rose to offer a reso lution—objected to. The Chair stated the business before the ’ House to be the resolution of the gentleman from New York, proposing to refer, with in structions, a petition on the subjact of the re duction ot postage, &c. to the committee on Post Offices and Post Roads. Mr. Barnard rose to a question of order, but was not distinctly heard. He was understood to contend that during the first thirty days of the session, the States should be called on daily for petitions, and that until that business was despatched, no other business was in order. He read from the rules, and made some remarks in support of his position. The Chair read from the rules, and decided that the unfinished business on the resolution and petition was in order. It stated that the former practice of the House sustained that de cision. Mr. Carroll opposed the resolution—not be cause he was opposed to a reduction of postage, but it was evident a great many petitions on ths subject would be presented to the House, and it would be inexpedient to instruct the com mittee until the sentiments of the people had been more fully expressed. Such action would be premature. Mr. Davis ol N. York, made some remarks, not heard. Mr. Barnard called for the reading ofthe pe tition. It was read by the Clerk. The ques tion was then put on adoptiugthe resolution of reference, and decided in the negative. Mr. Hopkins supposed there would be no ob jection to referring the petition without instruc tions. The petition was referred. The Territories were then called on lor peti tions—which being done, Mr. C. J. Ingersoll enquired (he order ol busi ness. The Chair stated that the States would now be called on for petitions, commencing with Ar kansas and ending with Maine. Mr. C.J. Ingersoll moved to suspend the rules and that the House go into Committee of the Whole. Mr. Adams hoped the call on the Stales for petitions would proceed. The motion to suspend the rules was nega tived. The call tor petitions was then resumed and tiie list gone through with. A number of peti tions and memorials were offered by various members and referred. Among other petitions presented there were two by Mr. Adams, on tire subject of slavery, the slave trade, &c. These were decided to come within the rule excluding such petitions. A question arose out of the presentation of one of these petitions, which caused some dis cussion. The petition contained four separate prayers, three of which were within the rule aud the fourth of a nature which, if it stood alone, would not exclude the petition. The Chair decided that the three improper prayers vitiated the whole petition, and brought it with in the operation ofthe rul Mr. Adams took a different view of the sub ject and stated, that the portion of the petition which did notin itself come within the rule could be entertained and referred. Such had been the decision of the Chair on torrner occa sions. The Chair stated that there had been decis ions in favor ol both sides ot tbe question, and in this stale ot the subject his decision was as already given. Mr. Adams knew of no precedents except as contended for by himself. Precedents had all been one way. He appealed from the decision ofthe Chair and called for the yeas and nays. Only 25 members seconded the call—decided by the Chair not to be enough. Upon a second count 26 members voted in favor ofthe call for the yeas and nays—not enough. Mr. Adams called for tellers. Messrs. Winthrop and John son were appointed, who reported that 28 had voted iu the affirmative and 8(1 in the negative— no quorum. A second was called for by tel lers, when there was a second to the call for the yeas and nays. The question was then put on sustaining the decision ofthe Chair, and decided in tlie affirm ative, 105 to 40. The Standing Committees were then called on for reports, and the list gone through with. Mr. Parmenter Irom the Committee on Nava) Affairs, reported a bill in regard to the inode of making expenditures to the Navy. On the reference ofthis report, debate of some length sprung up in which Messrs. Parmenter, Levy, Johnson, Hale, Beardsley and Black participa ted. The report was referred to the committee ofthe whole House. A motion was made to adjourn. Messrs. Burk and Thomasson were appointed Tellers. The vote stood ayes 51 noes 63. A member offered a resolution to go into an election of Post Master by the House on Thurs day next at 12 o’clock. The previous question was called. The vote on sustaining the previous question was tan, when it was found no quorum had voted. A motion was then made to adjourn, and the ayes and nays being taken was decided iu the negative. The vote was then renewed on the call for the previous question, when less than a quorum again voted. A motion was then made and carried that Ihe House adjourn. Washington, Dec. 27. IN SENATE. Mr. Walker’s resolution on the subject of Government Expenditures was taken up. Mr. Evans asked it all the information sought for had not already been published up to 1840? Mr. Walker said the documents did not ex hibit the places where the public moneys were expended. Mr. Crittenden did not understand why this was desirable, and thought the resolution re quired a laborious and uselesSnask. Mr. Walker said statements were and scattered through the country, shewing i grants ot public lands to the new Elates, now he desired to show what States had tne grants ot public moneys. . , Mr. Woodbury said it was practicable to do this, generally, as he had tried it one or two V The resolution was then adopted and the Sen ate adjourned. HOUSE. Petitions being called for, Mr. Adams presented a memorial against tlie admission of any State into the Union whose Constitution tolerates Slavery. This memorial, in common with a great many others before pre sented, was referred to the Committee on Fo reign Affairs. Reports were received from the Standing Committees. Mr. Carroll ol N. Y. from the Committee on Public Expenditures, presented a Report, asking for power to send tor persons and papers. Mr. Adams asked the reason for this request. Mr. Carroll answered that a good deal ot mo ney could be saved by this proceeding, and per haps they could ex pose many expenditures which ■had already been made. LAND WARRANTS. A Resolution (offered last evening) calling for information as to persons who have obtain ed Land Bounties witli and without warrants was the next business in order. This resolution gave rise to sonie debate in which Messrs. Hamlin of Me., Cave Johnson oi Term., Thompson, of Ky., Hopkins ot Va,, and others jiatticipaleil. J Th it quest ion wasTebated upon the ground hhal tt the & of”jiersous wtrre -pnblisW, the names would be a guide to speculators, and the Government in consequence would be defraud ed. Il was contended upon the other hand that many persons to whom the Government was in debted had been badly treated by the Govern ment, and that information had been kept from them which would have given them the amount of their just claims. The Resolution was adopt ed with additional calls upon the Department of War connected with persons having claims on the Government for services during the war. HOME SU.UADRON AND NAYY. M.t. Male’s Resolution calling for information in relation to the expenditures for the Home Squadron was tbe next business in order. Upon this subject Mr. C. J. Ingersoll made a miscellaneous speech. He began by condemn ing not retrenchment, but the kind of retrench ment adopted by Congress. He condemned 1 it as low, and declared tne greatest extravagance to be in the action of Congress, and especially in the long sessions. It was his intention to re duce the length ofthis session il possible, and he should name some day in May for an adjourn ment. Congress should first retrench its own ex travagance and then look to other things. The last Congress had dismounted a regiment ot Dragoons which he presumed the present Con gress would remount, and it had dispensed with a few pages of this House. Mr. I. spoke also of his own efforts to reduce the expenditures upon the J udiciary which had grown up from forty thousand to four hundred thousand dollars. Mr. Steenrod moved to lay the resolution up on the table. Mr. Adams desired to speak. Mr. Steenrod said he would withdraw nis motion if Mr. A. would renew it. Mr. Adams said if it was withdrawn it must be unconditional. The House voted the motion down. Mr. Adams said he had been extremely sur prised at the debate, and particularly at the re marksof the “peace-maker”from Pennsylvania. He wculd make peace with his friend from New Hampshire (Mr, Hale) as he would have him make peace with him the other day, and as he would have made peace at the last session of Congress upon the Tariff. The gentleman from Pennsylvania, said Mr. Adams, would represent all the extravagance of the Government to be in the Legislature and the Judiciary ofthe country. —What kind of a case had he made out of it? Why the Executive and Legislative service cost ten millions of dollars and the Navy atone cost nine millions nearly. in regard to the Navy, Mr. Adams said that it had grown up in our country from a desire to emulate Great Britain in her Naval establish ment. If we were to attempt this we should be obliged to spend not nine, but more than five limes nine millions ol dollars. Mr. Adams spoke especially iu reply to Mr. Ingersoll, and of the sweeping character of his remarks. In the same spirit he remarked that the gentleman Jiad once spoken of burning powder. Mr. Ingersoll (interrupting Mr. A.) said that was when the gentleman spoke of having a British fleet at Natchez. Mr. Adams—That was an after thought ol the gentleman. Mr. Ingersoll asked, —Did not the gentleman contend that Great Britain should have Cuba? Mr. Adams asked, —Is the gentleman ready fora war with Great Britain? Yes, said Mr, Ingersoll, ready without a mo ment’s hesitation. Mr. Adams said that was an answer for the gentleman from Pennsylvania. It isan answer for the country. It is not an answer for me. Mr. Adams went on to say that he believed gentlemen desigued such a war, and they de signed to be economical now, with the view ot becoming extravagant by and by, and going to war. In delending the last Congress, Mr. Adams said that instead of doing nothing for economy, as had been intimated, it had reduced the ex penses of the Army and Navy 84,000,000. The last Congress was the most retrenching Congress we ever had. Mr. A. said he would like to have the gentlemen placed at the head of a re trenching Committee in regard to the expendi tures of lliis House. He believed that the House would have nothing more recommended to them than the exhausting of candle-ends. In regard to the early adjournment of Con gress, M r Adams said he should be glad to ad journ iu June, May, April or March. Gentle men had named all these months, but they were to remember that some appropriation Bills were to be passed, and a debt of five millions to be provided for. He should be glad to get home as early as possible after the business of the Country was transacted. Mr. Adams replied to Mr. Ingersoll’s remark as to the expenditures upon the j udicial serviee ofthe country. That gentlemen had moved in the lace of the estimates to cut down tbe appro priation one hundred thousand dollars. He would not took into deta Is, but proposed with out care or consideration or consequence to make a wholesale reduction. Mr. Adams liked not this kind of retrenchment, but perferred hat which looked to the extravagance which had grown up in all branches of the public ser vice. Mr. Hale of N.H. rose as Mr. Adams sat down, and on his motion the House adjourned. Tlie following are the names of the Select < Committee upon the subject ot the Massachusetts Anti-Slavery Resolutions, presented in the House:—John Gluincy Adams, R. B. Rheet, ol S. C., C. J. Ingersoll, ot Pa., T. W. Gilmer, of Va., G. Davis, of Ky., Ed. Burke, of N. H , Thos. Morse, ofMe., S..C. Sample, ol Indiana, J. R. Giddings, of Ohio. Washington, Dec. 28. IN SENATE. OREGON Mr. Atchison’s Bill for establishing a gov ernment in this Territory, was twice read and referred to the Select Committee on this subject. Mr. Allen submitted a resolution calling on the Presidcntto tarnish,it no tincotnpatible with the public interests, copies of instructions to the American minister in England relative to Oregon. The Senate held a short executive session, did nothing but refer nominations, and ad journed. HOUSE. Mr. Weller gave notice of his intention to introduce a bill to amend the charter to incor porate the inhabitants of the city of Washing ton. Notice was given also of an intention to bring in a bill to amend the pension act of July, 1837, by extending its provisions. PETITIONS. The States and Territories were again called lor petitions. Among those presented was a memorial signed by one thousand citizens ot Alabama, in favor of a reduction of postage.— Also joint resolutions from tlie Legislature ol Alabama, upon the same subject. Mr. Giddings of Ohio presented a memorial from Mr. Jones, now a prisoner in this Dis trict, setting forth that lie is unlawfully impris oned; that he is charged with being a slave, but is a free citizen, and that he is advertised to be sold for tbe expenses ol imprisonment. The reading ofthis memorial excited con siderable interest in the House. Mr. Giddings said it was dated this day, and was witnessed bv one of the most respectable citizens of the District. He moved to refer the petition to a Select Committee of five members. The name of the Attorney was called for, and D. A. Hall, Esq. given as the witness to the memorial. ■ Mr. Delict of Ala. said that the subject prop erly belonged to the Courts and not to Congress to consider. He, therefore, moved to lay the memorial upon the table. “Under the table,” said Mr. O’Connell, of Ala. in his seat. Mr. Delict thonght it ought not to be in the House. The yeas and nays were ordered upon Mr. Dellett’s motion to toy upon the table, and were ayes 55. noes 100. VOL. VIII-NO. 1. Mr. Saunders of N. C. asked leave to make a statement which he thought would relieve tbe Hoose of the subject. Objections were made. Mr. O’Connell wov en that Mr. Saunders have leave to make a statement. Mr. S. said he did not wish to make a speech, but a statement. The Speaker and several memtiers cal.ed him to order. The memorial giving rise to debate, the Streaker decided that it would lie over. Mr. Kirkpatrick said he was for referring the memorial to the Committee on the Judiciary, with instructions to bring in a bill to repeal any law by which such persons were imprisoned and sold. The motion was not in order. Mr. Giddings gave notice of an intention to bring in a bill for———. The object was not named before Mr. G. waa called to order. Mr. McConnell objected to the reception of the notice. He did not know what it was, but he knew that it ought not to be received. The Speaker said that no motion could beea tertained except by common content; and the subject was dropped. Mr. Campbell, of S. C. reported the following resolution: , . Resolved, That the Committed on the Judi ciary be instructed to bring in a bill to abolish imprisonment for debt in the Distnctof Colum bia. Read, adopted and referred toxhe Committee on the District. THE HOME sncsimoM. k . Mr. Hale’s Resolution, jSresented two dan .since, and designed to operate against the Home Squadron, came up as lire order ot bu siness. Mr. Hale spoke al length upon the growing expcaws’ iff the Government, and ee [■eiihiily mil.e NavyAhawfoeot the '-ounuy. He declared that the Government was expend ing vast sums of Money, more than it received; that the Department most extravagant was the Navy Department j and that, therefore, reform ought first to begin here. When the Naval Appropriation Bill came up, he should follow up his opposition to tne Home Squadron, by moving that all the Squadrons be reduced.—- They were much too large in the Mediterra nean, Pacific and other seas. Our Navy has beeome a pageant. It was a pet child of the country, and likely to runaway with all the pa trimony. Mr. j. R. Ingersoll and Mr. Morris, of Phila delphia, (the last a new member,) made very eloquent speechees in defence of the Navy, and against what they regarded as innovations to break down the Naval service. Mr. Giddings of Chio, continued the debate. He was in favor of the resolution under con sideration, and in favor of reducing the expend itures of Government. He was for maintain ing inviolable all the interest of the counuy, and all the departments of the public service. - He would as soon stand by the constitutional rights of the South as of the Wi st. He went for the rights of all. Tne West bad been neglected, but now, in her strength, she demanded an equal distribution of the ben efits ot the Government. Mr. S. said h<- was for reducing the naval service to five millions of dollars. He would unite with other mem bers to bring down this branch of the service to this amount. The Home Squadron, if he was not misinformed, had been prostituted to unholy purposes, end had been engaged upon tbe coast of Florida, he had been told, in pursuing fugi tive slaves. Mr. Levy of Florida, in his seat, said that there were murderers among them. Mr. Giddings said his constituents desired to know the truth ot this matter, and they expect ed to get il by inquiries Irom the proper De partment. He supposed that his constituents had been taxed for two objects—first to put down the slave trade on the coastof Africa, and secondly to sustain the slave trade on our own coast. He desired to know the truth of all these charges, and to be informed of the actual ser vice of tbe Home Squadron. The previous question was moved, but no quorum voted upon the second. An adjournment was moved, but withdrawn to enable the Sneaker to present several docu ments from the Executive Departments. Before the adjournment Mr. RhettofS. C. sent a letter to the Speaker, which the Speaker laid before the House, declining to serve upon he Select Committee to act upon the resolutions from the Massachusetts Legislature in refer- • ence to Slave representation. Mr. Rhett's rea sons for asking to be excused are that the ques tion of slavery cannot, under the compact, be touched, and that to legislate upon it, would be a violation of the Constitution. Washington, December 29. IN SENATE. Mr. Crittenden presented the resolutions ot the Kentucky Legislature relative to the culture and manufacture ofhemp lor the use of the U. States. Mr. Benton presented the memorial of 76 Steamboat Captains, praying that a canal may be construe ed on the Indiana side of the Ohio, below Louisville. A communication from the War Department was received on the subject of the leasing ot the lead mines. Mr. Bagby submitted a resolution that the committee on pensions be instructed to inquire into the expediency of providing by law for the payment ofthe pension agents—adopted. Mr. Allen presented several memorials torthe occupation ot the Oregon territory. Mr. Atchison gave notice of a bill to extend the operation ofthe Pre-emption Law. The Senate held a brief Executive session, and adjourned over until Tuesday next. IN THE HOUSE. Notice was given ot an intention to bring in • bill to continue the Cumberland Road. The petilionof Wm. Jones confined in prison, in the District Jail, and liable to be sold to pay the costs of imprisonment, came up as the un finished business. Mr. Saunders of N. C., took ground against the petitioner. He seemed to think that if be was a freeman he could easily enough prove hie freedom, or if he should be sold he could escape by a writ of habeas corpus. He suspected the petitioner was a slave, and found it difficult to prove his freedom, and therefore called upon Congress to interfere in his behalf. Mr. Giddings said that seventeen years since John Randolph had moved a similar petition, and Mr. Minor of Penn., had tong ago none the same thing.—He had but followed the move ment of the distinguished gentlemen in moving a select committee to act upon the Petition he had presented. The law under which this per son nad been imprisoned was as old as the ces sion ofthe District of Columbia. It tor no oth er cause for its antiquity, it ought to be scrutini zed by Congress. Mr. Giddings declared that under the law of the District, (an old law of Maryland,) a man might be wantonly thrown into prison upon suspicion ot being a slave. He might be retained there deprived oi his lib erty, and he might then be sold to pay the cost* of imprisonment. Mr. Saunders said that such a person could not be sold if he could prove his freedom. Mr. Giddings declared that this was avoiding the question. It the slave could not pay tlie cost ot his unjust imprisonment, he would hav* to be sold to pay them. Mr. G. went on and added that in regard to slavery in the Slates he would not interiere, nor would he interfere any way upon this subject except as far as one ofthe legislators of the land, he was made equally guilty with others by omitting to act in thei. be half. In this District all hold common interest, and he sought to repeal a law which allowed the imprisonment and sale of free persons. Mr. Campbell of S. C. said it was the busi ness ofthe person oi color to prove his freedom. His being here a colored man under arrest was prima facie evidence of his being a slave. He was convinced that the question under consider ation was altogether a j udicial one, and he hoped that the memorial would not be referred, or it referred that it would be sent to the Judiciary Committee. Mr. Davis of N. Y. spoke generally upon the subject of Slavery. He said he was no Aboli tionist. Mr. Saunders ofN. C. with some excitement, - rose in his seat and said “it is not so, —it is not so,” “The gen lieman himself is an Abolition ist !” Mr. Saunders was called to order by the Speaker and members. Mr. Davis resumed and said there was no general sentiment in tavor of Abolition in the North. He disclaimed it tor himself and lor . New York. The moment slavery was abol ished the Union would be dissolved. He avow ed this to be the sentiment of the north, and ad ded thatif the question was taken in the free States, not one j arson in a thousand would vote for Abolition. Mr. Davis also said he believed that Slavery would be abolished in the District and in the Territories in time. He believed the law re- . ferred to in the debate should be repealed aud that public sentiment demanded it. Mr. Davis was called to order for saying this, and soon took his seat after commending tbe liberal spirit which existed upon this subject iu the present Congress, and especially by South ern gentlemen. Mr. Haralson of Geo. intimated that if geu ilemen supposed that the South were quiet up on this subject they were mistaken. They felt keenly upon it. They were attached to the- Union. They were bound to it by every con sideration of honor and patriotism, and they loved the Union so much that they would not suffer it to be interfered with. The South would not abolish slavery, and the gentlemen of the North must know that. If the North could not remain in the Union with Slave States, the
