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OIIWBWI W
OLD SERIES, VOL. LVIII.
THE CHRDNICLE & SENTINEL
IS PUBLISHED DAILY, TUI-WEEKLY, AND WEEKLY,
BY J. W. '& W. S. JON Et».
The Weekly Clironidc & Senline
IS PUBLISHED AT
Three Dollars per annum —or one subscriber two
years, or two subscribers one year for 85.
Tri- Weekly paper, at Five Dollars per annum.
Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum.
Cash System.—ln no case will ano " lc jf
paper be attended to, unless accompanied with
the money; and in every Instance when the time
f>r which anv sutweripti m may be paid, expires
b -fore the receipt of funds to renew the subscrip
tion the paper will be discontinued. Depreciated
motley received at its value m ll '2 S ; 2 ty l _
p XID yV }[ > iVI V»■ D v v <■ 29.
Taa Co.ure»riJ mi District Bnl.
As this bill w.i» slightly amended on its final
passage through th • Scnaie.it may uot be im
proper to aliu.le brielly to the history of the
transaction. After tae passage of the amended
O ill in the House, (the particulars of which
were given in this paper at the ti ne,) the con
sideration of the whole subjec. was unnecessa
rily delayed in the Senate, until the very day be
fore the adjo trnment, and until s> ninny of the
absent-th M Uai>iS-.
to the mercy of their opponents in order to form
or maintain a quorum. The Democrats finding
that they thus had the power, determined to use
it, and demanded a modim-alion of the bill as
tneonly condition upon which they would con
sent to its passage. Accordingly, the whole
subject was recommitted to a select committee,
consisting ot Messrs. Sayre, Miller, Iverson,
Philips and Farris, with instructions to report.
These gentlemen, alter much lab ,r and delibera
tion, reported the bdl of tne House with amend
ments only effecting tlie first three Districts, as
noticed by us yesterday.
V, egive below the namesof the counties com
posing the several districts. Also the recapitu
lation shewing the Representative population
and political strength in each. So far as com
pactness ot territory and the equality ot Repre
sentative population are concerned, the bill is
certainly inferior to the House bill. These had
to be sacrificed to poli.ical considerations in or
der to secure the passage ofthe bill, and humili
ating as the circumstance may be to the .I.em
bers of the Legislature, it was nevertheless bet
ter perhaps that the modification should have
been made, than lh.it the measure should iiave
fail d, or this session protracted another week to
insure its passage. The result was but a just
and proper rebuke to those ( vVbigs though they
may have been,) who sought to delay the action
of the Legislature tor mere personal orsectional
considerations.
Below we subjoin a condensed sta'ement of
the Congressional Districts, as adopted by the
Legislature, showing their representative popu
lation and party cast, as indicated by the late
election for Governor.
First District. —Camden, Glynn, Ware,
Wayne, Appling, Mclntosh, Liberty, Bryan;
Chatham, Eiiingiiam, Bulloch, Tatnall, Mont
gomery, Liureus, Emanuel, Thomas, Telfair,
and Lowndes—lß counties. Representative
population 68,332; Whig majority 1069.
Second District. —Decatur, E iriy, Baker,
Randolph, Lee, Slewart, Sumter, Macon, Ma
rion, Dooly, Houston, Muscogee, Irwin and Pu
laski—ld counties. Representative population
76,695; Locos co majority I*3.
Third DisTtncr. —Biob, Twiggs, Crawford,
Upson, Talbot, Harris, Pike and Monroe—B
counties. Representative population 74,493;
Whig majority 817.
Fourth District.—T oup, Heard, Coweta,
Fayette, Henry, Meriwether, Carroll, Ua np
bell and Newton—9 counties. Representative
Dopuiaiioh 71,031; T ,rilv 53L
Fifth District.—Dade, W .uaer, ..Cii&Uoo
ga Floyd, Cass, Paulding, Murray,'Giltner,-
Ctierokee, Cobb, DeKalb, Gwinnett and For
sythe—l3 counties. Repr.s n ative population
70,176; Loeofoco majority 782.
Sixth District.—Union, Ln r-pkin, Haber
sham, Rabun, Franklin, Hall, Jackson, Madi
son, Elbert, Clark and Walton—ll counties.
Representative population 72,400; Loeofoco
majority 850.
Seventh District. —Morgan, Green, lalia
ierro, Putnam, Jasper, Bu.ts, Jones, Baldwin,
Wilkinson and Oglethorpe—loc-unties. Rep
resentative population 68,725; Whig majority
1504.
Eighth District.—Wilkes, Lincoln, Co
lumbia, Richmond, Burke, Scriven, Jctierson,
Warren, Hancock and Washing!-n-10 conn
ties. Representative population 72,792 ; Whig
majority, 1192.
HECAPITULATION.
Rep. pop. Cooper. Crawfoid. Majority.
Ist Dist. 6«,362 28i9 3888 lob 9 W.
2nd “ 76,695 56 o7 5434 1/3 L.
3rd “ 74,496 4011 4828 817 )V.
4th “ 71,031 4727 5258 531 W.
sth “ 70,176 6319 5567 782 L.
6th “ 72,400 5533 4683 850 L.
7th “ 68,725 3u.i3 4507 1501 W.
Bth “ 72,708 2975 4467 1492 W.
Mr. Clay.
The citizens of Wythe Co. Va., recently invited
Mr. Clay to vi.it that county during his South
ern tour this winter and spring. In his reply
Mr. C. says:
“I should be highly gratified to visit Wythe
county, which, besides other recommendations,
bears a venerable name, ot which 1 never heat
without emotions of gratitude.”
Upon which remark the Richmond Whig
comments as follows:
“The allusion of Mr. Clay, to the venerable
and venera.ed name of Wyiue, is highly appro
priate, in an address to the citizens of a county
which is called after that great man. li was he
who first discovered in the hlltnbL- country boy
who came to him without a recommendation,
and was an, loyed by him through motives 01
compassion—luat latent genius, which wanted
nothing but exposure, to kindle into a bi iglu and
steady flame. It was he wuose experienced eye,
comparing the unknown youth witn those who
had figured most honorably on the stage ot Ame
rican life, during tn? period of America’s great
est trials, saw clearly that he possessed powers,
which, properly us d, would one day place him
alongside of tuose wno bad as-.i-ndeu highest. It
was ne w.io first whispered the t.de ol honorable
ambition, int i the willing ears ot ins youtmul
protege. To him is due, not on.y the gratiuk.e
of the individual, whose rare genius he first
discovered, bin of ail this land, tort, e care wiru
whies be lu-lered it, i:s well as inc direction he
impaitedto it. From that great ui-.n, clurv.m c
venrrub,! • ■ ■. ?•!.. Clayi ■ ■•■ive . Ins ;j,<: I --
sons in 1 . a patriot, and in .■ r tin ■
he has never departed ii om it. 110 m aim, woo
was himselt a patriot and a sage, worthy of the
brightest era of any republic, ancient or modern,
Mr. Clay received ihe precept, which has been
the leading star of his whole political hie: to
think ot his country first,—tn think of her last;
—to think of her al all times, and under all cir
cumstances, regardless of consequences to him
self, and utterly careless of ihe opinion of tho e,
whose views, of a more worldly and ambitious
nature, cannot take in the disinterested devotion,
which is the highest and most enduring honor <>i
the patriot 'I here were many men ot this char
acter, in the times that tried men’s souls. a
pure, uncalculating patriotism pervaded the
whole American people, and was a sentiment
common alike to the ‘-Father of his country,"
and the humble sentinel, who kept guard before
the doorot the marquee. But the the times are
sadly altered for the worse ; and Mr. Clay re
mains, like a magnificent ; illar in the midst ol
an ancient ruin, a monument ot departed gran
deur, and a memento to the present generation ol
what their ancestors were.”
The Express Robbery.—The Albany Dai
ly Advertiser lias the following letter which
holds out the hope that a clue has at length been
found, which may lead to the detection ol the
perpetrators ot the robbery of Pomeroy & Co.
New York, Dec. 20, 1813, 10 P. M. ,
We hope to close this da-’s business with
something important. We have wormed down
matters to asmall compass, and 1 think we are :
on the right scent lor the money, ((».- 1 grant k:
are.) That we shall find it 1 have no doubt.—
It is not worth while to call names, or say on I
whom our suspicions rest. We go into a rigid I
examinination inihe morning. 1 think 48 hour,
will throw a iiifferent light on the whole tnatl-r.
An agent of Messrs. Thompson & Co’s Wes
tern Express, in a letter to that firm, states that
Pomeroy & Co. think that they have a clue to
their missing trunk A man in New York ci. v
has been buying goi I with money which they
think was in the packa-e s:ol -n.
The amount of exports from Cuba, of .
articles grown upon the island, is annttallv
about 825,003,099. The tax rates of the island I
amount to near one hall that num, 313.200,000. 1
Choice ot* bcctp.vrfoNs.— Parents will fin.
, tinder this head, in another column, tin artii-h
abounding in soqnd, practical, common sense
views, which we copy from tne Louisyil'le Joui
‘nhl, and tomihend to tbiir cairn consideration
It contains many wholesome and well, digeste
i truths which will apply very well tolhis latitude.
The Orphan's Fair.—A Fair, forthe bene
fit Os the orphans under the care o! the Rev. Di.
Barry, will be held at the Masonic Hail 01.
Monday next. We shall advert to the subjec
again, and venture an appeal in belißlfof th
I'athet less and the destitute. It is a nobleehaii
ty, and should bring into active exercise the
warmest sympathies of philanthropists.
We learn from the Newark Daily Advertisei
that the cloth and woden f ictory of George J
Miller, near Arfien Smith’s tavern, six mile?
from Freehold, N. J., was entirely.consumed on
Monday night last, wiih all the machinery. We
have not learnt, says the Monmouth Inquirer,
how the fire originated, nor whether there ua
any insurance on the pro erty.
Jj* A.jouruey irom Bustuu to baltimore and
back by stage formerly cost sll6, and required
fifteen days’hard travel. It nqw requires thiee
days, and costs $37 nt farthest, though less will
What an abominable ‘tax’ these ‘corporate mo
nopolies’ imposes on the People? How the
souls of Benton, Sami. Young and Admiral
Hofiman must dissolve in agony at its contem
plation!
32rThe Mobile Advertiser of the 22d inst.
says:—The moining opened yesterday, much to
he surprise of the ms ofthis
city, with a clear sky, and the sun looked out
upon us with a clean (well washed) face, as
bland and beneficent as il neither cloud nor
storm had ever intervened between himself and
the bounden recipients of his ligh*. For the
moment the rains in this vicinity are over, but
from the warmth of the weather, we fear that
showers will soon follow. The temperature of
the atmosphere is like that of April instead of
December. The heavy rains have been, as far
as we ctn learn, quite general throughout the
South. Tremendous floods, it is feared, will be
the consequence.
The Cotton Crop.—The Motiile Journal of
Co«i»terc: of the 20;h inst., has the following:—
With resard to the estimate of this season’s
crop, we have until very recently inclined to the
belief that it would reach 1,930,000 bales and
no more. From representations made to us
within the last three or four weeks we believe ’
it may probably tail somewhat lower, though the
heavy rains that have fallen within the last six
week shave not, we are incl ined to think, destroy
ed altogether th- cotton in the fields, and with
what may be yet saved and brought into market,
though inferior and ordinary in quality, there is
some plausibility in counting upon a crop of
from 1,800.000 to 1,850,000 bales. Estimates,
however, are made in New Orleans as low as
1,600,000 bales.
Questionable Advice.—Dr. Caldwell, in
addressing a class of medical students at the
West, said—
“ln the words of Lady Macbeth, ‘But screw
yotircoura-e up to the sticking point, and you
cannot fail.’ Be determined—«nd, like the sol- I
dier going into battle, let every one of you re
solve to kill his man.”
We rather guess that little matter will be fre
qnently accomplishe.. without any particularly
“screwing rcsolv. s.”
Mexico a
The Madisonian of Saturday afternoon has
Tie" following paragraph on this subject:
We learn that otricial intelligence lias been
received by the Treasury Department, that the
second instalment o! this Indemnity was duly
paid at Mexico, but was n >t forwarded at the
time, in consequence of an insuirection in the
South. An escort was expected to proceed witli
tne money to Vera Cruz about the latter part of
November, One of the New York packets was
detained al that port lor the purpose of receiving
it on board at Vera Cruz, where it is expected
to arrive in »1) th- month of December.
Horrible.—Our Pu-tuiasier asked us, a lew
days since to take Join Tylrr’s L'jc! We shud
dered at the proposition ; but he handed over a
volume of two or three hundred pages, published
by the Harpers. As it is printed on line ma
terials, we take great pleasure in recommending
it lor sharing paper.— We have found, by ex
periment, that it may be used in that way with
out scratching a razor. It can be obtained of
Uncle Sain’s officials generally, we | resume.
It is a fair looking book; and, it seems, it
was’nt “ nude to sZ6” Who pain for the pub
lication 1--[Bridgeport. Sandard.
Mr. Clay—Abolition.
Below will be found a letter Irom Mr. Clay
in reply to some questions prepounded to him
by the Editor oi tfie La Grange Herald, on the
subject of the Abolition of Slavery, provided the
power to decide that question should be vested
in him, and whether he would sign a bill abol
ishing slavery in any one Stale, without the
unanimous petition ol the Slaveholders ?
From the Lagrange Herald.
Ashland, Nov. 13, 1843.
Dear Sir -I haveiluly received your favor
of the 35th ult. propounding certain questions to
me on the subjects ol slavery atiu Abolition
ism which you desire me to answer with a view
tv publication. 1 -am grea ly obliged by t.ie
friendly motives which have prompted your let
ter, anit thank you tor them; but, I think the pub
lic is already in possession ol such clear and ex
plicit evidences ol myopmionson those subjects,
as to supeisede the neces ity of any fuitaei pub
lication ol hem. I mite a gieat repugnance to
appearing betbrethe public, Without tuemost ur
gent reasons 1.-r doing so. i am now, some
limes involuntarily and unexpectedly, more fre
quently inane to present my-ell tu..n 1 could
wish. My letters become tne subject of new
texts lor perversion and anitn-decision, and give
ifie toother letters, adding io my already bur
then- o.iie correspondence. —Moreover, this fre
quent appearance ol myself would be regaided
as betraying a sensitiveness, which I really do
not leel.
B sei-s my speech made some years ago in
the * i .iie, op the occasion of presenting a pe
tition bom the District of Columbia agains 1
abuiiaon. and vat ions other ex; icssiols ot my ,
opinion, I have now’ the pleasure of trans,,-.it-
, im-_ • i:n:> resolutions which 1 offered i
in the t- . o.i e ol the United Steles in January, I
1838, as amendments to some resolutions pre-|
viously offered by Mr. Calhoun, which probably :
had escaped your alientiun. T hese cover the !
whole ground ol the District of Columbia, and ;
the Territories, and I think ought to be deemed |
satisfactory.
1 lender you cordial congratulations on the
Whig tr.umph in Georgia, and other recent l (
cheering events.
1 am, with great respect,
Your obedient servant,
• 11. CLAY.
Dr. F. 8. Bronson
"R sole d, 1 hat the interference, by the citi
zens ol any of the Stales, with a view io the
abolition of slavery in this District, is endanger- :
ing the rights and security of the people of the |
District; an.l, that any act or measure of Con- I
grass <:• signed io a’ olish slavery in this District, |
would be a violation ut the faith implied in the
cessions by the States of Virginia and Maryland.-,
a just cause of alarm to the people of the slave
holding .Mates, and have a direct and inevitable
tendency to disturb and endanger the Union—
" And Rcfolvcf, That it would be highly inex
pedient to abolish slavery in any district of coun
try set apart tot the In ~m trices, where it now
exists or in Fiori a, the only Territory of the I
United Slates in which it now exists, because ot I
the serious alarm and just apprehensions which
would thereby 'ie excited inincStatessusiainiug i
thatdomestic institution; because the people Jf
that Territory have not risked it lobe done; and, |
when admitted into the Union, will be exclu
sively entitled toderidethatquestion themseiiv;
because it would be in violation or the stipula- ■
lions of the treaty between the United Statesar..; i
Spain, ol the 22.1 of February, 1810; and, al> j, j
because it would be in violation of a solemn |
compromise, made at a memorable and crith al i
peri-Mi in the history of this country, by which,
whilst slavery was prohibited north, it was a :-
mittedsi ulh of the line of 3S degrees and thinv
minutes north latitude. On Senate’s Journal,
i Jan. 10th, 1838, p. 125 and 126
AFrncTioN —I speak as 1 feel; were the wo
; man I loved suffering through p werty, I woul
! beg with her, if 1 could not relieve her ; tiom
| unkindness, I would protect her; and if the
' world forsook her, 1 would be to her the world.
SATURDAY MGANINU, DECEMBER, 30
Gifts tor the Season.
8. A. IlqLi.it.s Ims favored us with an Extr..
‘Brother Jonathan,” of mammoth dimensions '
designed as a hidyday prrsent. '
Judge Harwood, ol Baltimore, who has been
proposed as a candidate for the Governor o.
Maryland, declines, through the columns ot
lie Baltimore Patriot, having libs name present
■d to the nominating CdnvenUoh, and prefer
being, “a working mart in thq'Whig party.”
Volcano in Georgia.
We find the tolfowing coui'municalion in th
last Athens Banner, which we hope is no hoax,;
lor we should like logel up a vulcanic eru; tiui.;
on “our own hook.” We have been too long j
dependent upon foreign manufacture, and «e
are decidedly in favor ot lite home enterprise.
Mr. Editor— Believing, it-to be a matter 01,
interest to the community, to be made acquaint
vd with newan.l strange phenomena, especially
when such bel-mgs to our own Slate, 1 addiels
you this communication I
There is a mountain in Rabun county’, neai
the North Caiolina line/that is now ihrow in
out Isrge quantities of v^ry- black dense smoke,
anu manif '-ts the appeai-ince of being volcan
ic. Tq>se who have .viiiedlhis mountain,say
that the dfooite Ji-sHrgs-in.(tn
Jan; —. r.nd turn T? .j.
slitmd like low disiani inumi. r, constantfv fiearu
in the bowels ot the mountain. '1 here is no
douot ofthis fact, as a gentle.nan of Ibis place
ha.'i recently visited the mountain, and from him
I have obtained information. The mountain
itself is very dilficull to ascend, and is the high
est in that region. It has the appearance also,
of having un lergone violent changes heretofore'
As soon as convenient, 1 intend visiting the ;
place, and will afterwards give you a full ac- t
count of it. AV.
The Voice of Illinois.—The Whig State
Convention ol Illinois met at Springfield on the ;
Uta inst. They appointed delegates to the- :
V. nig National Convention, ar d nominated \
Electors for President and Vioe President.—
Henry Clay was declared to b< ; the choice ol
the Convention for Presid.-nt, and John Davis ’
of Massachusetts, for Vice Pres ident.
A Table,
Rhoi-ing the amount of taxes assessed in ths year
1843, as returned by the R eceivers of the sev
eral a unties on digests fitted m he Comp
troller G neral’s: Office.
Appling, 8159 85 Jones, 3,678 56
Baker, 1.287 41 La urens,
Baldwin, 3,996 IS Li-e, t,707 49
bfob, 7,488 0 L’l .erty, 3*3*l 8>
Bryan, 1,184 47 , .incoln, 2,105 86
Bulloch, 1,195 SO Lowndes, (no return )
Burke, 5,274 -8, Lumpkin, 1,472 90
Butts, 1,657 961.VIaeon, 1,217 03
Camden. 4,0’8 85|Madison, 1,319 29
Campbell, 1,118 18|Mariun, 1,376 20
Carroll, 1,361 -2':V, c lntosh, 3,653 03
C iss, 2 455 E0 Meriwether, 4.453 30
Chatham,
Chattooga, 1,031 21 Montgomery, 545 14
Cherokee, 1,230 ‘6l Morgan, '' 4.885 73
Clark, 5,211 -.0 Murray, 1.2'4 60
* *obb, 1,892 24lMuscogee, 8,40.
Columlla, 4 984 69|Newton, 3,786 99
Coweta, 30s> 6i Oglethorpe, 4,247 i 2
Crawford, 2,591 48|l’aulding, 702 45
Dade, 22fJ60Pue, ' 2,92171
Decatur, 1,335 25 Pulaski, ’42,43, 3,234 9;
D.Kdlt, 2,679 43 Putnam, 4.964 85
Do<ny, 1,3-4 45 Rabun, 3>3 68
Early, J,SOO 90lRanuo.ph, "2,843 71
Effingham, 1 179 37|Richmond, 14,106 89
Elbert, 3,775 53lSciiven, 2,671 58
Emanuel, I.o>o 9 Stewart, 4 032 31
Fayette, 1,582 9i| Sumter, 1,1.09 66
F.oyd, l,r:6> 9liT-dboi, 4,623 03
F.osyth, 1,111 £0 l’a iaferro, 1,513 91
Fran lira, 1,7.6 24 I’atnall, 949 92
Gilmer, 468 7.1 Peifair, 1,394 ’4
Glynn, 2,e66 4 I Thomas, 2.593 94
Greene, 4,811 98| Troup, 5,272 72
Gwinnett, 2,327 44|Twiggs, 3,0 4 95
irabersham, 1,412 26 Ui i m, 492 72
Hal, 1.563 <5 Upson, 2,931 05
Hancock, 4,0.1 66llValKer, 1,169 0>
Harris, 4,625 3 VValion, 2,903 43
Hoard, 1,4. 6 8 Ware, ’4l, ’2, 3. 1,194 86
i.cnrv, 3,1 7 S'J Wnrrats, 3 -3, .0
Houston, 4 128 06 VVa hingtori'J 3,-.18 3s
liwin, (noreturn.; >Vayne, 432 3.
Jackson, 2,225 4.. Wil. es, 5,131 68
Jasper, 4,462 6 ! Wi.kiuson, 1,612 77
Jefferson, 3,216 57
8270,335 44
52i’The hig etauuard.at Was! iingtun,says
that the Logical Abstraction Son ieiy are dis
cussing the question whether, incs.se ot the An
nexation of Texas, Sam Houslo’n or John Ty
ler would be President of the ne w Consolidated
Republic. Sure enough. If .ire Annexation
woulddispose of the Deplorablie Accident, we
fear it would prevail over all o ppositii n. The
next question to come before thr r Society is—in
case John and the President off he Senate shouL
both decease, and Speaker Jon es should be ad
mitted by Congress to be unuu ly returned to the
House, who would then be Pie sident, Mr. Wise
or Robert Tyler? The Ruleri; and Orders du
not solve the difficulty.
: £3rA petition at Washin-’ton has received
the signatures ofall the Pennsylvania D 'lega
tion, asking the President >.o appoint Horace
Binney to the Bench of be f tupreme Outirt.
O’ The Governor ana Council of Massa
chusetts, having counted the votes ca st at the
iast election for members of the State Senate,
find that seventeen Senators -only have receive,
the requisite majority of votes, ol whom eleven
aie Whigs. The vacancies are twenty-three
in number, and, on the r jeeling of the Legis
lature, will of course be filled with Whigs.
’jj’A public meetiti; ■ U as held at Balli, in the
State of Maine, on the 15th inst., at which the
necessary nrrangeme nts were made fore btain
ing a charfi-r and raising the means for e.tumd
ing the Rail Road., which is now in lull and
successful opeiatt-on from Boston to I’ortlland,
to the town of B? so.
The Chat iesi on Courier ol yesterday says:—
We learn Ire m Capt. Vincent, of tie sc hr.
ll’reccoMow, wived at this port, yesterday mot
ning, Irora Kingston, (Jam.) that many of tin
Planters, of that Island, were entirely abandon
ing th estates, on account of the suicida
eours e of policy pursued by the British Govern
men . in reference to the colored j ot uia.ion oi
th:- tai lthcother British Islands.
"'.I-- Litchfield (Conn.) clnq.tirersays that the
i I iron VVi ■:!•..-> of liie .Messrs. Peters, six or seven
j miles west of this village, were cestroyed by
I fire on Monday night. We have not heard any
I 'estimate ol the loss, but it is large, and no in
; surance.
Yesterday morning an iuciucm occurred in the
! Bowery which we think deset vingof record. A
I horse drawing a loaded sled skipped, fell, and,ac
cording to custom, commenced floundering at
a great rate. Two line gentlemen, withou
leaving the side-walk, very k'ndle undertook to
give directions to the bewilrteied diiver;ven
good directions no doubt, ex cept that they re
quired the poor man to be ir. two orthree places
at once. At this moment a well dressed middle
aged woman, who was pi issing along, seeing
(the cruel situation of man and beast, i totnptly
' stepped into the street, s eized the siruggtii -■
j horse by the head, held it f irmly down, and thus
enabled the driver to unhi' .ch the animal. Cine
of the exquisites, apparently ashamed ot him
self, now stepped forwar J to take theplaceoi
the woman, but she push cd him away and or
dered him back to his companion. Having
rendered all necessary assistance, our heroine
quietly went on her » ay.—-V Y. Cwt. Adv.
Ocr Shipping.—As an ir. iertion 01 the im
proved condition our i naritinte interests it t>
worthy sf mention, i mu the entire fleet ei
more ihr n two bund" ed square ringed vessel
belonginirto this place is now at sea, with only
the exception of a ship > now fitting, and a bars
Seven sh ips and bark s have sailed within the
i last few days. Abot t a dozen schooners and
I perhaps hall that num berof sloops, and coasters,
■which fire laid no in dock tor the season, lur
i nish the only representation of an amount oi
' tonage Belonging to this port which is only ex-
I ceetied by that ot lot r other ports in the Unitec
States. —.Vein Bsdfur d Mercury.
is abi mt passing a bill to elec:
meir.bers of Congret sby district, which is say
ing we are wiser to- day than we were yesterday
(D ( J.) .
You are not quit) . right Mr. Standard. It i
staying that this vea: the friends of law and ot
d.er are tn the ascen dency, whereas at the la
: session ou 1 State w, as under the control of tl •
.disorganizers.—Col Enquire
AICI SI A. i.'A Tlll-RSIMMIORMNG. JANUARY 4, 1811.
From the lialtimore American.
The Ih ftlsh Tarlffi
During th? last session of tne British Parlia
ment, the Premier, Sir Robert Peel, complain
ed th t the United states had not met the libefn.
advafircs of England in a corresponding spirit,
and that while the British Government had re
luced its duties upon many American produc
tions, the United States bad persisted in itstaii.
of 1 '42. There are journals in our own conn
try fond of repeating this charge; nor do they
keep within the limits of fairness in their state
meats on tins subject.—Thus it has been at
tempted to be shown that, excluding lobacc.
frdm the estimate, the aver.' ge of dut,e< levte.
upon our products im| orted mto G eat Britain
is only 11 percent. The unfairness of thi
statement consists in this: that it only takes in
to the account those articles impoited into Grea
Britain, without any reference to the general
scale yf the British T ariff upon /American pro
ductions. 11 every American product, excepi
co ton, were excluded entirely from the British
ports, then it might be said that ibe average ol
duties levied upon our products imported into
Great Britain, was only 10 per cent —that being
the duty on raw cotton.
To make a fair statement, it is necessary to
exhibit the rates of duties upon American pro
duces gemrall}-. Thus upon our wheat and
other grain there is, at this time, a du y of about
55 pe. r cent. There is also levied—
On niir Pork a duly of S». st. per cv.-l. or ab’l -P pr. cl.
“ Beel. “ R*. “ •* 8J
“ Breon, “ 14*. “ “ 73 “
“ Birter, •* 3Q». “ “ 50 “
•• Cheese, “ 10*. “ “ SO “
Tar+nw,. - -A* I Os- - -
Codfish Yj/.. « .:
'• Hire, “ 6s. “ “ 0 “
" Hops. “ tills. “ “ 300 “
-- Clo’r &gr seed, “ 10s. “ “ 28 “
Tobacco, raw. “ 3s. “ pound *■ 1303 “
*• do manufact’d, “ 9x. “ “ “2010 “
*• Wtii-key, “ 22s fid. “ gallon “22>>0 “
‘‘ Cider. “210 s. “ lon " 360 “
“ Vinegar. “3785. do “ 500 “
o l.unlb'r,»tv’e,&c-‘ 25e. *• sq foot “ CO “
“ Clocks, “ “ “ 20 “
“ Leather, “ “ “ 15 “
“ Tar & Turpen’e “ “ “ 2 “
T hese rates per cent, arc calculated upon the
prices of the respective articles in New York.
If the Cincinnati prices were taken as the actu
al origin'll prices of most of the articles, the
rates percent, would be much higher. Pork at
a dutyoi eight shillings sterling perewt. would
pay about one hundred per cent, instead of tony
asset down iu the table. And so of other arti
cles.
Now’ if the duty on cotton be put down at 10
per cent, and the average be then struck accord
ing to the rates here given, the true estimate ol
the average of British duties on American pro
Unctions will be ascertained. It will be seen
ai once that our Tariff’, averaging about 30 per
cent, is liberal in the extreme when compared
wish the British Tariff.
Our import ations into Great Britain in 18-12
are*estimated at 548,000,000. Ofthisaggregate
co-ton alone colnstiltitrd an item of $10.000,000
A vast deal of t his cotton goes into Great Bri
tain. not tube c>ins’imed there, but to be manti
factored for re-e xportation —and quantities of ii
come back to ou rowti country in the shane of
fine rotton fabrics with a value immensely en
hanced. The pro,fits ofthisenhanced value go
to the British mann lecturer.
It is from no liberality ot policy towards us
that England takes iso .much of our colion. It is
for her own manufacturing interestthatshedoes
so. If she could procure a sufficient .supply
from the East Indies, Brazil, and Texas, sh“
would not hesitate to increase her duty on our
staple.
The exclusive system which England has ri
gidly pursued lor so many years having been
retaliated hack upon her by manyoflhe nations
of Europe and to some extent bv the United
States, she ivonld now preach liberality. For
slight reductions in her Tariff she would have
other nations make greater reductions in theirs
—although her reduced scale is higher than
that of the country which sherexhorts to the adop
tion i.ffree trade. But it is for us in this Union
to settle down permanently on fixed principles,
just and libera! to other natii ns, and at the same
ime duly regardful of our i >wn substantial do
mestic interests.
From he hsue.niucii i 'epubiic in.
Whig lu.g.sfo.'ami.
The Federal Union v. riuiic. most uncomfor
tably at the I.gi.Hauuii <4 Hie last s-’-sivn just
closed. Uhnappily, it is too gi> ul, t-jo tisetul,
100 unlike that ol past yesis, to p ieu--c our con
temj-oraiy, and it appichenus, s nil pcihaps too
m.wu i.cusoii, ■■ , kut o.sc« ; .
people. I’ne sbfiteEcb iif ’i tie -
nauuu upon democratic legislation is still receti',
and there is too much cause to supuo se tiial laws
adapted to the real wants oi the peoj >le will be
nailed with enthusiasm.
Tae Union does not censure the action on the
Western and -tt.antic Rail Road, it cannot,
because the expenditure ol tneß27o,ooVof bonus
already appropriated, and the translcr ot tne
dL.te prisunets to perforin work on the road
were, it we remember rightly, insisted upon in
express terms, again ana again, in its columns.
I’uis is just tne plan ttiat tue Legislature has
adopted.
As for the restoration of the currency to par,
and oi the State credit to respect and confidence,
it has been iegaide.l, so thr as we know, as a
came dt universal jubilee. In this quarter, we
believe that there is but one mind on this sub
ject. All think alike, and it might fairly be in
rerred that upon this one all-imi oitantand vital
subject tiiefe could be in no State, and no sec
lion of a State, two different opinions. Heai
how the Federal Union, that most faithful de
fender and expositor ol the Central Bank, dis
courses:
I‘Anolher measure requiring the issue of Stale
ounds, lias been effected. Tne State will no
longer pay out any oi the bills ot the Central
oauu, but borrow from thechartered banks theii
mils, iu be paid to the creditors of the State.—
i he Banks are to receive in return the bonds ol
■ lie ttate, bearing interest at the rate of seven
per cent per annum. We have no doubt thej
will make a handsome profit on these bonds.—
.he Slate has thus s .ectunbed to the motie}
owe:. She has put down her own institution
and become tiiimtary to the batiks! She pay*
<o them interest lor the use ol ttieir credit and
Jegiade-. her own. These measures will li
popular wiih the money power, but the jeupl
who pav the taxes will , ay for it.”
Now’,' we would respectiul.y ask, whether tin
Editor can possibly he sincere uhen bespeak’
dius? Certainly, in nosectiunuftnelowcoun
try would such ideas be advanced. "Th Slit,
ias succumbed to the money poioer.” Now is no
the reverse of this actually U ue, that al iast tin
otate is disengaged from the grasp ot a motistei
inat lias squandered her resuuices, depreciated
,ier credit, dna nearly ruined her financial char
a-ter at Home and abroad. We put the ques
lion to you, fellow citizens, who have seen Hit
.ygiessions, and the reckless conniptions of that
.nstiiuliun, whether the Elate bassuccumbed,oi
wheiiier tne money power has succumbed. Tin
Banks are expected to make “a handsome ptoli
on tueir bonds.” Th sis a lair business tran
-actiuii, and a much better one than to borrow
.nonet oi t.he Pncenix Bank in New York at
;er cent, to .'van it out to speculators, many ol
whom have neither credit nor character, :.t 6 pei
cent., to say nothing of corrupting legislators
• „,}<■: ’ ism int- res‘jar Ik: v.scoj heircr: in
.1, .‘.cms ,i-:r Hirn.” is thLtnie! Is th* r.
a.esf.piitesl appiuxanalion to, or si nnm.iice o.
viu.h tn it? C mainly not. Ihetevetseol thn
is true, lor every one is aware that the credit o
the Etale w hich has been degraded for year,
past, is now reinstated a n a firm basis.
“ Rul th: people who pun the taxes Will pay for it.’ 1
This caps the'elimax. ' It is Hie very r elin- men.
ol absurdity. The people will have to pay iui
me discliaige of their holiest obligations, but
tnev will not have to pay for any more discoun
on Central Bank money, they‘w ill not have to
pay tor that money thiown away on specula
lors, whe.her in politics or land, nor w.ll they
nave to pav, we hope, for defaulting Treasurers.
: iiia tlie various oilier extiavagancres that have
signalized Democialic sway.
Tiie Senatorial district system is, oi course,
conuemned. We have shown conclusively that
it is equitable and just. >
The dividing ol die State into Congressional
Districts also receives a Touch of the indignam’
al me hands of the U mon. Here, too, il ean be
easily shown, that the de* iations Irom the bill
passed bv the Democrats last year are so slight
as hardly to merit notice. T he Union concludes
its article, which, alter ail, hardly amounts to
open d.sapprobation, as follows :
‘ ‘‘Such are the prominent and truly important
measures of this memorable session. The
Wbigs are intoxicated with their success, and
oveijoved in the execution of their plans.-
While” v.c write, the noise oi revelry and shout
ing is heard. Our streets, and some ot oui
mmses have for several nights presented the
same scenes. But the “sober second thought”
of the people is yet to be knowm. T hey will sii
m judgement on the measures of this party,sent
as it were by accident in the majority. Forom
.-.elves we shall besaii-fled- 11 ‘be peopleprc.ei
to see their State on her knees before a few petty
tanking coiporations—it they prefer a legisla
tion grossly pattial and not aeopted to their in
erests or wishes—il they prefer to pay urmecc -
’ary taxes that their money may, as we will
prove be lavished on oljecU nut sanctioned b;
'he public voice, let tt.em continue thtir sup
po’tto the Whigs.”
A Cincinnati | ape; ’ ates that a well known
pork merchant oi that city has lately disap
peared, having committed fiauds andfbrgeri-.;
amounting to $193,W0
How time it was New
i .mi >.p. -u>d a i s be. 10l its re-
on, w’itii ail its an ! reflections,
low in and it with a cor
ial welcome—to mark course foran-
. . . . j .at ■ lot i? ’.-a retrospect of that
- ki-ji'-: p.-mi.;; 1 se—ymie forever!—
-ucha retrospect is T<» », whether it excite
■l.-asiire or sadness, and sel veas a beacon
i l.t to direct our course.—
3ut we will not
n-a >ee tl,r adon)yde
them of the
n, b.ea we Jo Maw.
In from the
.a m.j s -niii done the
01.-i<M;md Jj ;
them that
which punctual-
,'.v mine p-’rfurmai:;’isßß^|^Jiu£y i a s mail
lily olibe press
I'liis- . pemhar.-'C,
'WrjMMtd’public who
. ~i v.-i. ---'-Qsaviio know
1 route, and
: ■
their due proportion
opinion could be more shall take
o casion to show; asan ict of sheer justice, both
to the roads, and to the’t ritvelltag pub I ic, who are
larticularly interested il art vised of the
certainlyof transportationon any route they may
select tor travel.
It is then a remarkable fact, and one worthy
of record in the history of rail road transporta
tion, that since the first ofi September last, a
period of four months, the mails and passengers
have been transpoited over these roads daily,
each way, a distance of two hundred and forty
miles, one hun.tredand fiveof w hich are pass
ed over exclusively in the night, and but two
failures have occurred,one on e<.ch road, both of
which were occasioned by some slight derange
ment in the machinery of the engines.
We have said this is a remarkable fact, and
we challenge any Railroad in the union to make
a like exhibit of their transportation department.
We care not at what rate they travel, whether
in the day or night, or what length of road, we
believe that such regularity in the delivery of
mails and passengers is nnparrallelled in the
history of rail roads.
Periodicals.
5. A. Holmes Ijas laid on our table the fol
lowing monthlies for January, “The Ladies
National Magazine,” Godey’s Lady’s Look,”
-nd “the New Mirror” —also “Miss Leslies
Magazine” for December.
The Western and Atlantic Railroad.
In giving a list of the acts passed by the
last Legislature, the Milledeeville pa; ers have
reported hco acts tor the further progress of the
work on the Western and Atlantic Railroad,
&c. The Constitutionalist of Thursday last
nas fallen into the same error. The Editor, af
ter giving the details ot the first act, remarks:
“T hese are the provisions of one act, which
alone would have been sufficient; but, in their
(Vis.iom, the members of the Legislature thought
tin t on- act was not enough, they the-t fbre pass
ed another act, which originated in the Senate,
and which, to ensure its adoption, c-mains a
section acceptable to the leeling and opinion
entertained by different classes of the Legisla
ture.”
The last Legislature was’neitlter guilty of
the lolly charged in this paragraph, nor does it
deserve the censure therein implied. Loose
(.-Lb. ■/ . l avU ,l W!)iM'
ye', been so completely addled -as to pass at the
same session two acts, one ot which contained
every substantial, provision embodied iu the
other.
The facts in reference to these acts we under
s and to be these; In fiieeai'y part of the ses
sion two bills were reported from the Commit
.ee on Internal Improvements—one to each
.irancli of the Legislature. The Senate bill was
not acted upon until that of the House had been
taken up, amended and passed. When the Se
nate bill came up lor consideration, Mr. Iverson
offered as a substitute for the whole, a bill con
taining the substance of his resolutions which
provided lor the sale ol the road lor a million ol
iollars, and which had been adopted by a ma
jority of some ten votes iu the Senate only a few
lays before. In the opinion of the friends of the
road this substitute did not sufficiently provide
or the preservation of the work until the sale
was perfected—it was, in fact, regarded as a
virtual abandonment of the enterprise. Having
a right to perfect the original bill, they resolved
to do so, by incorporating the project of sale
among its provisions. They still declared
themselves opposeffto the sale, but as a majori
ty of the Senate had declared in its favor, they
a ere willing to sacrifice their opinions on that
-übjeci, in order io insure the preservation ot
the work fur the present, and its ultimate com
pletion.
The provisions of the act finally passed were
n substance as to lows:
1. The act of 1841, which suspended the
>voik beyond the 52 mile station was tepealtd.
2. 1 he unexpended balance ot $270,00*1 in
State bonds -a a- placed in the hands of tne Gov
•inor, io be used torthe preservation of the road,
.nd lor its final extension to tne point of inter
eciion with the Rome branch.
3. So s<.on as either the Georgia or .Monroe
tailloads aie completed to the South Eastern
erminu.-' ol the State road, then the Governor is
itithoi'iz d io use such turther amount of the
loremeniiuned 8270,01X1 as is necessary to
■<jiii:i thn road witn cars, engines, and to
i 4 it into complete operation.
1. The balance of said $270,000, after the ac
■< iiq lishmenl ot tile above pul poses, is lobe
■xi.ended for the further gradual extension <i
n - State road towards the Western terminus
5 S‘ftil.l any person or persons offer in pttt-
I’h isc lor said road the su n ol one million of
li.ftors, in addition to the. amount in th:- .
.ime i-xj en :ed under thisact, then the Govginor
i-authorized to sell the same under proper re
■uictions.
6. The Governor was also authorized toem
.loy certain convicts from the Penitentiary on
he work. .
Such were the provisions >f the Senate bill as
it ultimately passed, and was concuired in by
he House. The bill which passed the House
was, we believe, indefinitely postponed m the
Senate, as the subject had been finally acted
upon before il came up in its order lor a third
i eading in that body.
We have given this full explanation ot the
action ofthe last Legislature upon this impor
tant subject, in order that all parlies may under
stand. and properly appreciate, the course which
it was found necessary to pursue, and which
we trust may redound to the honor and interests
of the State. *
A Convention with Alexico.—The Nation
al Intelligencer of Friday says: “A Messenger
despatched by Gen. Thompson, our Minister a:
Mexico, arrived in this city on Tuesday last,
having left the city of Mexico on the 22d ulti
mo, immediately alter the conclusion there, by
>ur Minister, of a Convention with the Gov
ernment of that Republic, the object of which is
tnd'rstood to be to make provision in favor of
litherto unsettled claims of American citizens
for indemnities. This news will be acceptable
io the holders of such claims, and furnishes, be
-ides, as far as it goes, additional evidence of
he disposition of Mexico to maintain friendly
elations with the United States.”
Live Hogs were selling at Cincinnati, on
F iday last, at from .82 30 to SIBO per hundred
po inds. Safes of Mess Pork were made or.
rhursdayafs7 75 per barrel. Flour $l7O
i Whiskey 19 cents
Bm>x*n« nor and cold. —The ColtnniHi*
Enquirer says: Tile detm e-rita lifive ever hern
noted tor the fftitrciy of their •‘dear people,” and
to this is Li.iii It lobe attributed their.success
in times past. But they do soinetime.j throw
oil their hyjti(critfi*af mask, and git eveii'.tffVre
pent uj.kfeeitligs of. rage altd vlndiefive-aii’fipqa
tnotJ to them. Tire following extractJrmff <)ie
writings of Amu- Kcuaal!, the great dx,pothii|er
of democracy, in giving his reasons for'the
Whig triumph hi 18-19, shows th? real feeling
they entertain for a great majority pt itje vo'.ere
oi’ tbe union : >
“Vast assemblage*, maddened, by liquors,
at>d infuriated by songs, by raviugs called,
speeches, anTbu sensi less yeilings, sent forth
their well drilled tlioiisands, each as if with a
torch from Hell, to kindle afire to the Furies
U;x»ri the altar of every log cabiu, and light up
a (lame upon every stump. And the orgies of
the canvass were” consumtnSfed by Perjeries
and Frauds at which the min'd still shudders.’
Gen. Jackson. —A letter from Nashxil|e>
publislietl In the Evening Post of Saturday,
suites that General Jackrmi is in very infirm
health. He never leaves his room, and is ema
ciated to mere skin and bone. He has a se
vere cough, and pain in the back and side, but
his voice and Intellect ap[Aear unaffec’eif.
A (urge sreaui bagging ts-rfor? ni.Oincinjiiiii
is.l.i-mtoi iiui-.il ia tire establish-
and do n.it occupy a space of more fltan 4
fee’. Twenty-five pounds of lard per day are
cors'.tmed. >'
Withdrawal or M.t. Br. iianas-.—-The
Lancaster Jiilclligcnccrcontains a letter from the
Hon. James Buchanan, iu which he “withdraws
his name from the list ot Presidential candidates,
to be presented before the Democratic National
Convention.” The reason assigned is “an anx
ious desire to drive discord from the ranks of the
party,” &c.
The Baltimore American says:—The princi
plc contended for in Mr. Barnard’s Protest has
been pronounced by some to be inconsistent with
the principle maintained by the Whigs in the
celebrated New Jersey case. We ask the in
dulgence of our readers for referring to this sub
ject so often; but in our judgment it marks an
epoch in our political history, and in justice to
the cause of constitutional Government w can
not let any occasion go by without some attempt
to have the true point involved understood, so
far al least as it may be in our .power to offer
any means ofexplication. The annexedextract
is from an article in the Boston Daily Adver
tiser, from which it will be seen that the case
now presented is altogether different from the
New Jersey question, and that the only inconsis
tency involved in the matter is the inconsistency
ol that party, now in the majority in the House,
which in the N. Jersey case denied the validity
ofthe broad seal to prove any thing, and which
bow contends for its capability of proving what
they themselves admit to be untrue:
“The principle maintained bytheWhigs in the
New Jersey case wassimply this: that the cer
tificate ol the Governor of a State bearing the
Be il ol the State, to facts which it was competent
and proper lor the Governor to certify, was
prim ifiKie evidence ofthe facts it recited. Un
der this | rineiple it was held that the Governor
ot New Jersey having certified in the proper form
that certain members were “duiy elected” to the
House oi Represenjatives, it was not competent
for tire i joti-e, befi-re organization, to go behind
that certificate toinquireintolhe/uc/sot theelec
i ion, and to investigate tlie question of majorities
and illegal votes. But the case of the general
ticket members t- the present House is entirely
different. They h .ve, it is true, certificates from
the Governors of their respective States, that they
ate “July elected.” But Congress has passed a
law declaring that its members shall be elected
in a certain way, from districts formed upon
certain principles. Now it is notorious, it isun
'conir.toicted,4liat these meirtbi(is were mu so
elected; that there have been no elections held
in the States which they claim to represent, in
accordance with the late apportionment law;
that, therefore, there has been »» cleclion in those
States. Let us suppose that in this Common
wealth, the legislature should have wholly neg
lected the apportionment law, and the people
had proceeded to choose members ofthe present
Congress froni the old and that the Gov
ernor should have given to twelve members their
certificates that they were “duly elected.” Is it
to be thought iora moment, that the House would
have allowed to Massachusetts in the votes of
organization the voice ol twelve members instead
of the ten to which she wasentitled ? Certainly
not. Thistheti is the distinctionthatalthough
the certificate is prioia facie evidence nt' facts,
yet the house being the judge of the law ofthe
matter, takes cognizance not only of the
laws that Congress has passed to regulate elec
tions, but ot those which the States passed to
carry them out. It accordingly knows in the
first in-tance that the certificates cannot be true.
The Conns of the United States which treat for
eign laws as matters demanding special proof,
recognize the laws ofthe several Stales as things
which they are bound to know. So the House
sitting in its judicial capacity to decide upon the
qualifications of its members, may be supposed
to take notice of the laws of tlie several States;
to know, ibr instance, that there is no law in
New Hampshire under which a member can be
“.-ZitZv efreto/;” and to throw out the certificates
at once. If this judicial cognizance cannot be
claimed, the fact that there has been no such
doe election, that there has been in fact no elec
tion under the Statute, is notorious, indisputable
and undisputed. The nullification of the law
ofthe United States is boldly proclaimed upon
the floor ofthe House itself. If there were any
doubt as to how Congress came at the fact, that
these members got at their certificate by a false
use of words, it is enough that it is admitted as a
part ofthe case, by the party charged.”
A Swindler at Large.—A reward of 8300
is offered by AV. Loyd, of Charleston, for a man
calling himself Cun.'!l:r Brown, from Lancaster
county. Miss., about 35 or 40 years of age, of
extremely dark complexion, and about 6feel i»
height, purporting to be a negro buyer—wito
passed off in that city, a large amount of coun
terfoil SIOO notes ofthe Northern Bank of Ken.
tc.ckv, dated Lexington, Nov. 10th, 1842, paya
ble at Paris—No. 213. Letter D , M.T. Scott,
Ca .hier, and John Tilford, President. He left
there the same day on horseback, with sadTc
h-ys, dressed in a long drab color overcoat.
Pork in Illinois.—Between si-ven an.: • r.lit
:h >iisand Hogs have been killed and ptieked al
5, ring:!, id, Illinois, the piesent season, lire
price paid there varying from 81 25 to $2 per
cwt.
Railroad Convention. —A convention was
held at Keene, N. H , on Wednesday, to consider
the project of constructing a railroad, in con
nection with that from Boston to Fitchburg,
through Keene to Bellows Falls, and to be
extended, afteiwards, by Burlington to Canada,
thus forming a direct route between Boston and
Montreal.
From an official return just presented to
the Government, it appears that since the year
1829, no less than forty-five thousand new houses,
forming seven hundred and fifty new streetsand
squares, have been erected, or are in the course
of building, in London and its suburbs.
gj-The Convention of Abolitionists, assem
bled at Utica, has denounced John Glincv
Adams as a recreant to the cause of human
liberty.— Ledger.
Mr. Clay in New Orleans. —Mr. Clay ar
rived in New Orleans on Saturday the 23d ult.
at his special request there was ne display of
populai enthusiasm.
There were exported from Boston, during the
week ending on the 23d instant, 386 bales of
Domestic Goods. Os these 209 bales were
shipped to Smyrna, 127 to the West Indies, and
50 bales to South America.
Post Office Robbery.—The Post Office at
Albany, N. Y., has been recently robbed, by one
of the Clerks, (W. Bacon.) who acknowledged
his guilt, and gave up numerous letters which
hr had opened—he had used one hundred and
titty dollars.
single tog of mahogany was sold at N.
York, a day or two ago, lor $502 17
January
TWENTY-EIGHTH CONGRESS.
Carrcspondencr qf the Baltimore American.
WashijiGton, Dec. 26.
SENATE.
The Chair presented the memorial of the
President and Directors of the Banks iu Alex
andria praying the renewal of their charters.
Mr. Tappan, from the Chamber ot Commerce
of Cincinnati, praying Congress to erect a bridge
across the Ohio, at wheeling.
Mr. Atchison gave notice of a bill to establish
a Government for the territory ol Oregon.
Mr. Barrow's resolution relative to Mexican
claims, was taken up and adopted.
Mr. Breese submitted a resolution calling on
the Secretary of the Treasury, to inform the
Senate how many suits had been brought for
trespasses upon public lands, and with what fe
suh.
Mr, Allen submitted one to rescind the V)tk
Rule which requires this body to sit with closed
doors on Executive nominations.
The Senate took, a short Executive session,
and adjourned.
HOUSE.
At twelve o’clock the House was called to or
der by the Speaker, and after prayer by the
Chaplain, the Journal of Friday’s proceedings
was read by the Clerk.
Mr. Wilkins rose to offer a resolution. Ob jec
tion was made.
The Chairstated upon enquiry that the busi
ness in order, was a resolution proposing to re
fer with instructions a petition, offered by a
member from New York, in regard to reduction
<d' postage, to the Committee on Post Offices
and Post Roads. This was unfinished business
lying ovi-r.
Horae c<m ve.E’itojtio oi..- djn regard i-“-:
rules and the order til Business.
Mr. Wilkins asked for the reading of his res
olutions for the information ot the House. —
The resolution was read, and had reference to
an examination by a committee, of the proprie
ty of constructing an Iron Steam Vessel to pro
tect the navigation ot the Ohio River. He then
moved to suspend the rules torthe purpose of
offering his resolution. Objections were made,
when
Mr. J. R. Ingersoll remarked that the call on
the Territories Ibr petitions had not been com
pleted on Friday last.
The Chair again slated the order ol business.
Mr. J.R. Ingersoll moved to suspend the or
der ot business, for the purpose of proceeding
with the call on the States and Territories for
petitions.
Some further conversation took place between
the Chair and other members, in regard to the
order of business.
Mr. Adams rose to ask a question before lie
voted on the motion. The House, on a pre
vious day, had resolved itself into Committee of
the Whole, on the President’s Message, and
had determined to refer part of the Message to
the appropriate Committee. The whole of the
Message, however, was not disposed of, and he
now wished to know whether the portions al
ready referred had gone to the committees, or
whether they would not do so, until the whole
of the message was referred.
The Chair replied that the Committee ofthe
Whole had not reported, and consequently no
portion of the Message was yet before any com
mittee.
Mr. C. Johnson addressed the Chair in re
gard to the difference of opinion between him
and the Chair, in reference to the rules and the
order of business.
The vote was then taken on the motion to
suspend the order of business, to proceed with
the call on the States and Territories for peti
tions. The decision was in the negative.
Mr. Adams enquired whether it would be in
order to move to go into Committee of the
Whole on the President’s Message.
Tbe Chair replied that it would not, and that
it would be in violation of a standing rule of the
House.
A* member from Indiana rose to offer a reso
lution—objected to.
The Chair stated the business before the
’ House to be the resolution of the gentleman
from New York, proposing to refer, with in
structions, a petition on the subjact of the re
duction ot postage, &c. to the committee on
Post Offices and Post Roads.
Mr. Barnard rose to a question of order, but
was not distinctly heard. He was understood
to contend that during the first thirty days of
the session, the States should be called on daily
for petitions, and that until that business was
despatched, no other business was in order. He
read from the rules, and made some remarks in
support of his position.
The Chair read from the rules, and decided
that the unfinished business on the resolution
and petition was in order. It stated that the
former practice of the House sustained that de
cision.
Mr. Carroll opposed the resolution—not be
cause he was opposed to a reduction of postage,
but it was evident a great many petitions on
ths subject would be presented to the House,
and it would be inexpedient to instruct the com
mittee until the sentiments of the people had
been more fully expressed. Such action would
be premature.
Mr. Davis ol N. York, made some remarks,
not heard.
Mr. Barnard called for the reading ofthe pe
tition. It was read by the Clerk. The ques
tion was then put on adoptiugthe resolution of
reference, and decided in the negative.
Mr. Hopkins supposed there would be no ob
jection to referring the petition without instruc
tions. The petition was referred.
The Territories were then called on lor peti
tions—which being done,
Mr. C. J. Ingersoll enquired (he order ol busi
ness.
The Chair stated that the States would now
be called on for petitions, commencing with Ar
kansas and ending with Maine.
Mr. C.J. Ingersoll moved to suspend the
rules and that the House go into Committee of
the Whole.
Mr. Adams hoped the call on the Stales for
petitions would proceed.
The motion to suspend the rules was nega
tived.
The call tor petitions was then resumed and
tiie list gone through with. A number of peti
tions and memorials were offered by various
members and referred.
Among other petitions presented there were
two by Mr. Adams, on tire subject of slavery,
the slave trade, &c. These were decided to
come within the rule excluding such petitions.
A question arose out of the presentation of
one of these petitions, which caused some dis
cussion. The petition contained four separate
prayers, three of which were within the rule
aud the fourth of a nature which, if it stood
alone, would not exclude the petition. The
Chair decided that the three improper prayers
vitiated the whole petition, and brought it with
in the operation ofthe rul
Mr. Adams took a different view of the sub
ject and stated, that the portion of the petition
which did notin itself come within the rule
could be entertained and referred. Such had
been the decision of the Chair on torrner occa
sions.
The Chair stated that there had been decis
ions in favor ol both sides ot tbe question, and
in this stale ot the subject his decision was as
already given.
Mr. Adams knew of no precedents except as
contended for by himself. Precedents had all
been one way. He appealed from the decision
ofthe Chair and called for the yeas and nays.
Only 25 members seconded the call—decided by
the Chair not to be enough. Upon a second
count 26 members voted in favor ofthe call for
the yeas and nays—not enough. Mr. Adams
called for tellers. Messrs. Winthrop and John
son were appointed, who reported that 28 had
voted iu the affirmative and 8(1 in the negative—
no quorum. A second was called for by tel
lers, when there was a second to the call for the
yeas and nays.
The question was then put on sustaining the
decision ofthe Chair, and decided in tlie affirm
ative, 105 to 40.
The Standing Committees were then called
on for reports, and the list gone through with.
Mr. Parmenter Irom the Committee on Nava)
Affairs, reported a bill in regard to the inode
of making expenditures to the Navy. On the
reference ofthis report, debate of some length
sprung up in which Messrs. Parmenter, Levy,
Johnson, Hale, Beardsley and Black participa
ted. The report was referred to the committee
ofthe whole House.
A motion was made to adjourn. Messrs.
Burk and Thomasson were appointed Tellers.
The vote stood ayes 51 noes 63.
A member offered a resolution to go into an
election of Post Master by the House on Thurs
day next at 12 o’clock.
The previous question was called. The vote
on sustaining the previous question was tan,
when it was found no quorum had voted.
A motion was then made to adjourn, and the
ayes and nays being taken was decided iu the
negative.
The vote was then renewed on the call for the
previous question, when less than a quorum
again voted.
A motion was then made and carried that Ihe
House adjourn.
Washington, Dec. 27.
IN SENATE.
Mr. Walker’s resolution on the subject of
Government Expenditures was taken up.
Mr. Evans asked it all the information sought
for had not already been published up to 1840?
Mr. Walker said the documents did not ex
hibit the places where the public moneys were
expended.
Mr. Crittenden did not understand why this
was desirable, and thought the resolution re
quired a laborious and uselesSnask.
Mr. Walker said statements were
and scattered through the country, shewing i
grants ot public lands to the new Elates,
now he desired to show what States had tne
grants ot public moneys. . ,
Mr. Woodbury said it was practicable to do
this, generally, as he had tried it one or two
V The resolution was then adopted and the Sen
ate adjourned.
HOUSE.
Petitions being called for,
Mr. Adams presented a memorial against tlie
admission of any State into the Union whose
Constitution tolerates Slavery. This memorial,
in common with a great many others before pre
sented, was referred to the Committee on Fo
reign Affairs.
Reports were received from the Standing
Committees.
Mr. Carroll ol N. Y. from the Committee on
Public Expenditures, presented a Report, asking
for power to send tor persons and papers.
Mr. Adams asked the reason for this request.
Mr. Carroll answered that a good deal ot mo
ney could be saved by this proceeding, and per
haps they could ex pose many expenditures which
■had already been made.
LAND WARRANTS.
A Resolution (offered last evening) calling
for information as to persons who have obtain
ed Land Bounties witli and without warrants
was the next business in order. This resolution
gave rise to sonie debate in which Messrs.
Hamlin of Me., Cave Johnson oi Term.,
Thompson, of Ky., Hopkins ot Va,, and others
jiatticipaleil.
J Th it quest ion wasTebated upon the ground
hhal tt the & of”jiersous wtrre -pnblisW, the
names would be a guide to speculators, and the
Government in consequence would be defraud
ed. Il was contended upon the other hand that
many persons to whom the Government was in
debted had been badly treated by the Govern
ment, and that information had been kept from
them which would have given them the amount
of their just claims. The Resolution was adopt
ed with additional calls upon the Department of
War connected with persons having claims on
the Government for services during the war.
HOME SU.UADRON AND NAYY.
M.t. Male’s Resolution calling for information
in relation to the expenditures for the Home
Squadron was tbe next business in order.
Upon this subject Mr. C. J. Ingersoll made a
miscellaneous speech. He began by condemn
ing not retrenchment, but the kind of retrench
ment adopted by Congress. He condemned 1 it
as low, and declared tne greatest extravagance
to be in the action of Congress, and especially
in the long sessions. It was his intention to re
duce the length ofthis session il possible, and he
should name some day in May for an adjourn
ment. Congress should first retrench its own ex
travagance and then look to other things. The
last Congress had dismounted a regiment ot
Dragoons which he presumed the present Con
gress would remount, and it had dispensed with
a few pages of this House.
Mr. I. spoke also of his own efforts to reduce
the expenditures upon the J udiciary which had
grown up from forty thousand to four hundred
thousand dollars.
Mr. Steenrod moved to lay the resolution up
on the table.
Mr. Adams desired to speak. Mr. Steenrod
said he would withdraw nis motion if Mr. A.
would renew it.
Mr. Adams said if it was withdrawn it must
be unconditional. The House voted the motion
down.
Mr. Adams said he had been extremely sur
prised at the debate, and particularly at the re
marksof the “peace-maker”from Pennsylvania.
He wculd make peace with his friend from
New Hampshire (Mr, Hale) as he would have
him make peace with him the other day, and as
he would have made peace at the last session of
Congress upon the Tariff. The gentleman from
Pennsylvania, said Mr. Adams, would represent
all the extravagance of the Government to be in
the Legislature and the Judiciary ofthe country.
—What kind of a case had he made out of it?
Why the Executive and Legislative service cost
ten millions of dollars and the Navy atone cost
nine millions nearly.
in regard to the Navy, Mr. Adams said that it
had grown up in our country from a desire to
emulate Great Britain in her Naval establish
ment. If we were to attempt this we should be
obliged to spend not nine, but more than five
limes nine millions ol dollars.
Mr. Adams spoke especially iu reply to Mr.
Ingersoll, and of the sweeping character of his
remarks. In the same spirit he remarked that
the gentleman Jiad once spoken of burning
powder.
Mr. Ingersoll (interrupting Mr. A.) said that
was when the gentleman spoke of having a
British fleet at Natchez.
Mr. Adams—That was an after thought ol
the gentleman.
Mr. Ingersoll asked, —Did not the gentleman
contend that Great Britain should have Cuba?
Mr. Adams asked, —Is the gentleman ready
fora war with Great Britain?
Yes, said Mr, Ingersoll, ready without a mo
ment’s hesitation.
Mr. Adams said that was an answer for the
gentleman from Pennsylvania. It isan answer
for the country. It is not an answer for me.
Mr. Adams went on to say that he believed
gentlemen desigued such a war, and they de
signed to be economical now, with the view ot
becoming extravagant by and by, and going to
war.
In delending the last Congress, Mr. Adams
said that instead of doing nothing for economy,
as had been intimated, it had reduced the ex
penses of the Army and Navy 84,000,000. The
last Congress was the most retrenching Congress
we ever had. Mr. A. said he would like to
have the gentlemen placed at the head of a re
trenching Committee in regard to the expendi
tures of lliis House. He believed that the House
would have nothing more recommended to
them than the exhausting of candle-ends.
In regard to the early adjournment of Con
gress, M r Adams said he should be glad to ad
journ iu June, May, April or March. Gentle
men had named all these months, but they were
to remember that some appropriation Bills
were to be passed, and a debt of five millions to
be provided for. He should be glad to get home
as early as possible after the business of the
Country was transacted.
Mr. Adams replied to Mr. Ingersoll’s remark
as to the expenditures upon the j udicial serviee
ofthe country. That gentlemen had moved in
the lace of the estimates to cut down tbe appro
priation one hundred thousand dollars. He
would not took into deta Is, but proposed with
out care or consideration or consequence to
make a wholesale reduction. Mr. Adams liked
not this kind of retrenchment, but perferred
hat which looked to the extravagance which
had grown up in all branches of the public ser
vice.
Mr. Hale of N.H. rose as Mr. Adams sat
down, and on his motion the House adjourned.
Tlie following are the names of the Select
< Committee upon the subject ot the Massachusetts
Anti-Slavery Resolutions, presented in the
House:—John Gluincy Adams, R. B. Rheet,
ol S. C., C. J. Ingersoll, ot Pa., T. W. Gilmer,
of Va., G. Davis, of Ky., Ed. Burke, of N. H ,
Thos. Morse, ofMe., S..C. Sample, ol Indiana,
J. R. Giddings, of Ohio.
Washington, Dec. 28.
IN SENATE.
OREGON
Mr. Atchison’s Bill for establishing a gov
ernment in this Territory, was twice read and
referred to the Select Committee on this subject.
Mr. Allen submitted a resolution calling on
the Presidcntto tarnish,it no tincotnpatible with
the public interests, copies of instructions to
the American minister in England relative to
Oregon.
The Senate held a short executive session,
did nothing but refer nominations, and ad
journed.
HOUSE.
Mr. Weller gave notice of his intention to
introduce a bill to amend the charter to incor
porate the inhabitants of the city of Washing
ton. Notice was given also of an intention to
bring in a bill to amend the pension act of July,
1837, by extending its provisions.
PETITIONS.
The States and Territories were again called
lor petitions. Among those presented was
a memorial signed by one thousand citizens ot
Alabama, in favor of a reduction of postage.—
Also joint resolutions from tlie Legislature ol
Alabama, upon the same subject.
Mr. Giddings of Ohio presented a memorial
from Mr. Jones, now a prisoner in this Dis
trict, setting forth that lie is unlawfully impris
oned; that he is charged with being a slave,
but is a free citizen, and that he is advertised to
be sold for tbe expenses ol imprisonment.
The reading ofthis memorial excited con
siderable interest in the House. Mr. Giddings
said it was dated this day, and was witnessed
bv one of the most respectable citizens of the
District. He moved to refer the petition to a
Select Committee of five members.
The name of the Attorney was called for, and
D. A. Hall, Esq. given as the witness to the
memorial.
■ Mr. Delict of Ala. said that the subject prop
erly belonged to the Courts and not to Congress
to consider. He, therefore, moved to lay the
memorial upon the table.
“Under the table,” said Mr. O’Connell, of
Ala. in his seat.
Mr. Delict thonght it ought not to be in the
House.
The yeas and nays were ordered upon Mr.
Dellett’s motion to toy upon the table, and were
ayes 55. noes 100.
VOL. VIII-NO. 1.
Mr. Saunders of N. C. asked leave to make a
statement which he thought would relieve tbe
Hoose of the subject.
Objections were made. Mr. O’Connell wov
en that Mr. Saunders have leave to make a
statement.
Mr. S. said he did not wish to make a speech,
but a statement.
The Speaker and several memtiers cal.ed him
to order. The memorial giving rise to debate,
the Streaker decided that it would lie over.
Mr. Kirkpatrick said he was for referring the
memorial to the Committee on the Judiciary,
with instructions to bring in a bill to repeal any
law by which such persons were imprisoned
and sold.
The motion was not in order.
Mr. Giddings gave notice of an intention to
bring in a bill for———.
The object was not named before Mr. G. waa
called to order.
Mr. McConnell objected to the reception of
the notice. He did not know what it was, but
he knew that it ought not to be received.
The Speaker said that no motion could beea
tertained except by common content; and the
subject was dropped.
Mr. Campbell, of S. C. reported the following
resolution: , .
Resolved, That the Committed on the Judi
ciary be instructed to bring in a bill to abolish
imprisonment for debt in the Distnctof Colum
bia.
Read, adopted and referred toxhe Committee
on the District.
THE HOME sncsimoM. k
. Mr. Hale’s Resolution, jSresented two dan
.since, and designed to operate against the
Home Squadron, came up as lire order ot bu
siness. Mr. Hale spoke al length upon the
growing expcaws’ iff the Government, and ee
[■eiihiily mil.e NavyAhawfoeot the '-ounuy.
He declared that the Government was expend
ing vast sums of Money, more than it received;
that the Department most extravagant was the
Navy Department j and that, therefore, reform
ought first to begin here. When the Naval
Appropriation Bill came up, he should follow
up his opposition to tne Home Squadron, by
moving that all the Squadrons be reduced.—-
They were much too large in the Mediterra
nean, Pacific and other seas. Our Navy has
beeome a pageant. It was a pet child of the
country, and likely to runaway with all the pa
trimony.
Mr. j. R. Ingersoll and Mr. Morris, of Phila
delphia, (the last a new member,) made very
eloquent speechees in defence of the Navy, and
against what they regarded as innovations to
break down the Naval service.
Mr. Giddings of Chio, continued the debate.
He was in favor of the resolution under con
sideration, and in favor of reducing the expend
itures of Government. He was for maintain
ing inviolable all the interest of the counuy,
and all the departments of the public service. -
He would as soon stand by the constitutional
rights of the South as of the Wi st.
He went for the rights of all. Tne West
bad been neglected, but now, in her strength,
she demanded an equal distribution of the ben
efits ot the Government. Mr. S. said h<- was
for reducing the naval service to five millions
of dollars. He would unite with other mem
bers to bring down this branch of the service to
this amount. The Home Squadron, if he was
not misinformed, had been prostituted to unholy
purposes, end had been engaged upon tbe coast
of Florida, he had been told, in pursuing fugi
tive slaves.
Mr. Levy of Florida, in his seat, said that
there were murderers among them.
Mr. Giddings said his constituents desired to
know the truth ot this matter, and they expect
ed to get il by inquiries Irom the proper De
partment. He supposed that his constituents
had been taxed for two objects—first to put
down the slave trade on the coastof Africa, and
secondly to sustain the slave trade on our own
coast. He desired to know the truth of all these
charges, and to be informed of the actual ser
vice of tbe Home Squadron.
The previous question was moved, but no
quorum voted upon the second.
An adjournment was moved, but withdrawn
to enable the Sneaker to present several docu
ments from the Executive Departments.
Before the adjournment Mr. RhettofS. C.
sent a letter to the Speaker, which the Speaker
laid before the House, declining to serve upon
he Select Committee to act upon the resolutions
from the Massachusetts Legislature in refer- •
ence to Slave representation. Mr. Rhett's rea
sons for asking to be excused are that the ques
tion of slavery cannot, under the compact, be
touched, and that to legislate upon it, would be a
violation of the Constitution.
Washington, December 29.
IN SENATE.
Mr. Crittenden presented the resolutions ot
the Kentucky Legislature relative to the culture
and manufacture ofhemp lor the use of the U.
States.
Mr. Benton presented the memorial of 76
Steamboat Captains, praying that a canal may
be construe ed on the Indiana side of the Ohio,
below Louisville.
A communication from the War Department
was received on the subject of the leasing ot the
lead mines.
Mr. Bagby submitted a resolution that the
committee on pensions be instructed to inquire
into the expediency of providing by law for the
payment ofthe pension agents—adopted.
Mr. Allen presented several memorials torthe
occupation ot the Oregon territory.
Mr. Atchison gave notice of a bill to extend
the operation ofthe Pre-emption Law.
The Senate held a brief Executive session,
and adjourned over until Tuesday next.
IN THE HOUSE.
Notice was given ot an intention to bring in •
bill to continue the Cumberland Road.
The petilionof Wm. Jones confined in prison,
in the District Jail, and liable to be sold to pay
the costs of imprisonment, came up as the un
finished business.
Mr. Saunders of N. C., took ground against
the petitioner. He seemed to think that if be
was a freeman he could easily enough prove hie
freedom, or if he should be sold he could escape
by a writ of habeas corpus. He suspected the
petitioner was a slave, and found it difficult to
prove his freedom, and therefore called upon
Congress to interfere in his behalf.
Mr. Giddings said that seventeen years since
John Randolph had moved a similar petition,
and Mr. Minor of Penn., had tong ago none the
same thing.—He had but followed the move
ment of the distinguished gentlemen in moving
a select committee to act upon the Petition he
had presented. The law under which this per
son nad been imprisoned was as old as the ces
sion ofthe District of Columbia. It tor no oth
er cause for its antiquity, it ought to be scrutini
zed by Congress. Mr. Giddings declared that
under the law of the District, (an old law of
Maryland,) a man might be wantonly thrown
into prison upon suspicion ot being a slave.
He might be retained there deprived oi his lib
erty, and he might then be sold to pay the cost*
of imprisonment.
Mr. Saunders said that such a person could
not be sold if he could prove his freedom.
Mr. Giddings declared that this was avoiding
the question. It the slave could not pay tlie
cost ot his unjust imprisonment, he would hav*
to be sold to pay them. Mr. G. went on and
added that in regard to slavery in the Slates he
would not interiere, nor would he interfere any
way upon this subject except as far as one ofthe
legislators of the land, he was made equally
guilty with others by omitting to act in thei. be
half. In this District all hold common interest,
and he sought to repeal a law which allowed the
imprisonment and sale of free persons.
Mr. Campbell of S. C. said it was the busi
ness ofthe person oi color to prove his freedom.
His being here a colored man under arrest was
prima facie evidence of his being a slave. He
was convinced that the question under consider
ation was altogether a j udicial one, and he hoped
that the memorial would not be referred, or it
referred that it would be sent to the Judiciary
Committee.
Mr. Davis of N. Y. spoke generally upon the
subject of Slavery. He said he was no Aboli
tionist.
Mr. Saunders ofN. C. with some excitement, -
rose in his seat and said “it is not so, —it is not
so,” “The gen lieman himself is an Abolition
ist !”
Mr. Saunders was called to order by the
Speaker and members.
Mr. Davis resumed and said there was no
general sentiment in tavor of Abolition in the
North. He disclaimed it tor himself and lor .
New York. The moment slavery was abol
ished the Union would be dissolved. He avow
ed this to be the sentiment of the north, and ad
ded thatif the question was taken in the free
States, not one j arson in a thousand would vote
for Abolition.
Mr. Davis also said he believed that Slavery
would be abolished in the District and in the
Territories in time. He believed the law re- .
ferred to in the debate should be repealed aud
that public sentiment demanded it.
Mr. Davis was called to order for saying this,
and soon took his seat after commending tbe
liberal spirit which existed upon this subject iu
the present Congress, and especially by South
ern gentlemen.
Mr. Haralson of Geo. intimated that if geu
ilemen supposed that the South were quiet up
on this subject they were mistaken. They felt
keenly upon it. They were attached to the-
Union. They were bound to it by every con
sideration of honor and patriotism, and they
loved the Union so much that they would not
suffer it to be interfered with. The South
would not abolish slavery, and the gentlemen of
the North must know that. If the North could
not remain in the Union with Slave States, the