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zens of Wayne county, N. Y., praying for the
same object as is contemplated in the Massa- i
chuswts resolutions. •Objections were made te
the reception, and the yeas and nays called, i
which resulted in a close vote as follows: ayes .
73, noes 75. And the memorial was re
jected.
Mr. Adams immediately presented another
memorial upon the same subject, and praying
for the same object, from citizens of Ohio. Ob
jections were made in like manner to the recep
tion of this memorial. 1
Mr. Adams called lor the yeas and nays.
Upon a division no quorum voted.
Mr. Adams moved for a call of the House.
'l'lje.yeas ami mijs then entered upon
the question “shall the petition be received.
The House 71 to t? 3, (by yeas and nays) then
declined tj haven call of the Hohse.
A motion was then made to adjourn, and car
riedaaan after
Washington, Feb. 6,1844.
SENATE.
Mr. Tappan, of, Ohio, presented joint resolu
tions from the Ohio Legislature, asking that the
mania for posseseing offices under the General
Government may be remedied by reducing the
salaries of the Government officers thirty.three
and one-third per cent. Read and laid upon the
table.
A resolution offered some time since by Mr.
Atchison of Mo. asking the President lor the
names of Registers and Receivers of public mo
ney, who have received fees contrary to law,
was adopted.
Mr. Allen, of Ohio, moved to postpone all
other.busiuessand take up the bill from the Ju
diciary Committee proposing to refund the line
imposed upon General Jackson. .
Mr. Barrow of La. was opposed to acting
upon the motion at this time. For himselt he
was aa ready to vote upon this question now as
he should be at the end of the session. He was,
however, opposed to postponing the regular or
der of business.
Mr. Allen said there were strong reasons why
this bill should be considered at once. General
Jackson was growing old and infirm. There
was no certainty of nis living for a day; and
there was, therefore, every reason for speedy ac
tion upon the subject.
Mr. King, after some further remarks, sug
gested that the bill be made the order of the day
sos Thursday next, and this motion being sub
mitted, it prevailed.
Some debate was had on a bill providing for
an Insane Hospital at Washington; but it was
laid .aside without any vote being had on it.
Mr. Evans addressed the Senate very briefly
in conclusion of his argument in reply to Mr.
MbDuffie.
Mr, Archer, tier a few remarks upon the
wish further to debate the bill, withdrew the mo
tion before made, and which he said he should
renew, to lay upon the table.
Mr. Woodbury was entitled to the floor, and
may call the Bill from the table at any moment,
as it is only informally passed over.
The Senate then went into executive session,
and at halt past 3 adjourned.
IN THE HOUSE.
Mr. Belser of Ala., introduced a bill to autho
rize the payment of certain claims to the State
of Alabama, and to amend the act of August,
1812, upon the same subject. This bill was re
ferred to the Committee on Claims.
Mr. Adams called lor the orders of the day,
whjch. was the.2lst Rule.
Mh ffammet of Mississippi, was entitled to
the floor, and addressed the House upon the sub
ject in controversy, and of Abolition memorials
and movements generally.
Mr. H. was in the midst of his remarks when
the morning hour expired.
The Speaker Awarded the floor to Mr. Sever
ance of Maine.,
General Ticket Members. — Mr. Dromgoole of
Va,, moved that the Committee of the Whole
be "discharged from the Report of the Commit
tee on Elections, and that it be brought before
the House for consideration.
Mr. Campbell ol S. C., seconded this motion,
and expressed the hope that it would prevail.
Mr. Schenck of Ohio, opposed it. If there
was any subject which ought to be thoroughly
discussed, it was this, involving the rights of
members and of States.
Mr. Davis of Ky., protested in the name of
tris constituents and the country against this ef
fort to abridge the freedom of debate. If there
was any question which should be thoroughly
canvassed and debated, it was this, and no good
reason had been or could be given thus, in ad
vance, making an effort to limit or prevent dis
cussion.
Mr. Barnard of N. Y., took the same view of
the subject, and argued that the Report.had been
made, referred, and a day set apart for its con
sideration by the majority of the House. Un
til this moment they had given no notice of their
intention to change this regular order of pro
ceeding. Every one knew enough of majorities
to know how they would act upon this subject
when the Report came before the House.
Mr. Holmes ol S. C., was not ready to act
upon the subject, and preferred that it should be
kept in Committee awhile.
Mr. Kennedy of Ind., said he was ready to
vote now upon this subject, and he presumed
every body else was except the member from S.
C. (Mi Tlolmes.)
Mr. Campbell ofS. C., in his seat, said he
was not i eady.
Mr. Kennedy said then every Whig was, and
the speeches made here would be made merely
for political capital. The people would prefer
that there should be prompt action upon this
subject.
Mr. Hale, of N. H., intimated that the minor
ity, as he said, were to be flogged upon this sub
ject, and that it might be done as soon as possi
ble he moved the Previous QuesHbn. There
was a second—the main question was put and
carried, and the yeas and nays ordered upon the
question of discharging the Committee.
While the yeas and nays were being called,
Mr. Campbell of S. C. raised the question
whether the members present from Georgia,
Mississippi, Missouri and New Hampshire had
a right to their seats.
The Speaker (Mr. Beardsley, of New York,
at this time being in the Chair) declined to an
swer unless a question of order was raised.
Mr. Schenck of Ohio raised a question of
order.
The Speaker decided that all these gentle
men had a right to vote.
Mr. Schenck appealed from the decision of
the Chair, and the decision was sustained by a
vote of 117 to 62.
The vote was then read upon Mr. Dromgoole’s
motion to discharge the Committee, and it was
as follows: Yeas 107, nays 72.
t (During the hour in which these votes were
taken a scene of indescribable confusion follow
ed. Often half a dozen members were upon the
floor addressing the Speaker, and various points
of order were raised and discussed, which it was
impossible for the reporter to hear or follow,
order was restored however, when the result of
the last yeas and nays were announced.
The Reports of the Committee on Elections,
majority and minority, were then read. The
majority report declaring that the law of the last
Congress was unconstitutional, and that the
members from N. Hampshire, Georgia, Missis
sippi and Missouri were as well entitled to their
seats as any others; and the minority report de
claring the members had not been duly elected,
and that the Speaker inform the Executive of
each of the four States that there were no mem
bers here from the four States.
Mr. Elmer, of N. J., Chairman of the Com
mittee on Elections, moved that the subject be
postponed until tomorrow, and while the house
were dividing upon this motion it was with
drawn.
Mr. E. proceeded to defend his report in favor
of the sitting members, and adverse to the law
of the last Congress. The ground taken is that
it is unconstitutional, and therefore null and
void. It was argued that the general ticket sys
tem was as constitutional as any other, and.that
the law which attempted this interference with
the States was one which Congres had no right
to pass.
In the midst of Mr. E.’s remarks, a motion to
adjourn was made, which was adopted.
Washington, Feb. 7, 1844.
IN SENATE.
Mr. Simmons presented the credentials of his
colleague John Brown Francis, Senator elect
in place of Mr. Sprague. Mr. Francis appear
ed, and was qualified for his seat.
Mr. Berrien presented resolutions of the Leg
islature of Georgia, in reference to the Massa
chusetts resolutions for amending the Constitu
tion; the resolutions declare that any such at
tempt would be a gross violation of the compro
mises of the Constitution; also from the same
source, declaring it inexpedint to abolish the
franking privilege.
Naval Transfer Bill.— Mr. Evans asked that
this bill might be taken up and passed during
the morning; he believed there was no objec
tion to it.
Mr. Bayard tobk occasion to express his in
dignation at the practice of the agents of the
government in directingappropriations from one
*? , y <:e lo another at their discretion. This sort
of Executive usurpation ought to be checked.
Any public officer who should dare to lay hands
on appropriations made for specific objects, with
*. to <; bange their legislative direction
should be punished, not by impeachment which
was never rdsorted to, but by fine.
Mr. Evans said that, as regarded this bill,
nothing of the kind could be complained of. In
the appropriation of the last Congress for the
Navy, at least 5'1,000,000 was anticipated tor 1
previous liabilities. This bill made no new ap
propriation, and he was not even sure that it
would, in its present shape, subserve the pur- t
pose which it was designed for.
After some few remarks by Messrs. Hunting
ton, Buchanan and King, the bill was read a
iniru time and passed.
The Senate then resumed the consideration
bill proposed by Mr. McDuffie.
Mr. Woodbury took the floor, and entered in
to a minute detail to show the objeetional tea- ■
tures of the Tariff of’42. At half past 3 o’clock,
he gave way to a motion to adjourn.
HOUSE OF REPRESENATIVES.
The House met, and atter prayer, the journal
was read and approved. ,
The Contested Seals.—Mr. Elmer continued I
the remarks he commenced yesterday, and ar- I
gued to show that the law ot Congress, pre- ■
scribing the District system of electing mem- i
bers of Congress, was unconstitutional At the
conclusion of his remarks,
Mr. Belser, of Ala., got the floor, and sustain
ed the opposite side ol the question. He said
he was compelled t» differ from the majority of
the party, to which it was his pride to belong,
on this subject. He appealed to members ot
both the political parlies on this floor to pause
and consider tlie magnitude, the importance ol
this question,'before they acted hastily inion it. ?
He then explained the reasons for his course in
opposing the attempt to have the Protest of the
Whig members spread upon the Journal, in or
der to shew that his actions were not inconsis
tent. Mr. B. then revieweAvarious jrgumenw
that had been urged against the validity of the
law of Congress, and contended that they were
not well founded. He made a very liberal
speech, and Ji’sCiVes credit for his firmness of
purpose in proclaiming his honest sentiments in
disregard of party trammels, and at the hazard
of incurring the censure of his political friends.
Mr. Dillingham, of Vermont, next addressed
the House in favor of the legality of the eleclion
of certain members by general ticket, notwith
standing the act ol Congress prescribing the Dis
trict system. He spoke about half an hour and
was succeeded by
Mr. Woodward of S. C., who advocated the
same side of the question as the gentleman who
preceded him. He contended that Congress
could not direct or control the election of Repre
sentatives, except in the event ot the failure ot
the States themselves to make the necessary
provisions for that purpose. The “ladies" of the
Stales alone could give Congress any right to
act in the matter. He illustrated this position
at length. He also advanced other arguments
and consumed his hour.
,Mr. Milton Brown, of Tenn, succeeded Mr.
W. and entered upon a sound and logical speech
in opposition to the Report of the majority of
the Committee.
Mr. Brown was followed by Mr. Collamer of
Vt. upon the same side of the question. The
floor was then given to Mr. Beardsley of N. Y.,
and the House adjourned.
February 8.
SENATE.
Mr. Bates rose to bring to the notice ol the
Senate, formally, the fact, that the Senator from
Georgia, yesterday, presented the resolutions of
his State, the same were ordered to be printed—
a courtesy which was denied his State, whose re
solutions amending the Constitution he hadpre
sentedsome days since. He presumed it was
100 late to move a reconsideration—were it not,
he was not disposed to do it; —he was disposed
to do nothing which had a tendency‘to disturb
the foundations of the Government. He mere
ly wished to bring the subject formally to tlie
, notice of this body, that if the Senate was dis-- -
posed, it might do equal justice to his State.
The Chair. Does the gentleman make any
motion?
Mr. Bates. No sir; none.
Gen. Jackson’s Fine.— Mr. Allen moved to
jiostpone the previous orders and take up the
above bill.
Several Senators requested Mr. A. to let the
bill lie until tomorrow; the Senate was not then
full, and among those who were absent, were
several who desired to vote, if not speak upon
this question.
Mr. Allen persisted in pressing his motion,
and finally the yeas and nays were called upon
it, and it was rejected by the following vote: —
Yeas—lß. Nays—22.
Mr. Allen gave notice that he should call up
the bill tomorrow.
After some other private business, the Senale
passed to the debate on the. Tariff, and Mr-
Woodbury resumed his argument.
Mr. Huntingdon got the floor at the conclu
sion ot W.’s remarks.
The Senate then went into Executive Ses
sion, and after remaining therein a short time,
adjourned.
HOUSE.
After the usual preliminary proceeding, the
Chair remarked that the business before the
House was the Report ol the Committee on
Elections.
• Mr. Beardsley, of New York, addressed the
House in defence of the report, and in favor of
the right ot the members elected by general
ticket to their seats. After remarking on the
. important consequences of the decision of this
question, he laid down certain general princi
. pies, in relatiun to the powers of the General
and State Governments respectively, which no
one will dissent from. Hethen said what, too,
is undisputed, that if the act of Congress pres
cribing the District System of electing Repre
sentatives, is inconsistent with the provisions of
the Constitution, then the members elected by
general ticket are entitled to their seats.
Mr. B. then read the clause ot the Constitu
tion, on which it was said the power of Congress
to pass this law was based. He spoke out
hishour and was succeeded by,
Mr. Jones, of Ten., who suppotted the same
side of the question, in a speech ot about half
an hours duration.
Mr. Smith, of Indiana, spoke next and made
a spirited and efiective speech.
Mr. Grider, of Kentucky, also opposed the
conclusion to which the majority of the Com
mittee had come.
Mr. Harralson from Georgia, supported the
Report and contended for his own right as well
as the right of all the other members from the
four States to their seats-
Correspondence of the Baltimore Patriot.
Washington, Feb. 9, 1844.
IN SENATE.
Mr. Dayton presented the resolutions of the
Legislature of New Jersey, instructing their
Senators to vote for refunding the Jackson fine.
He was most happy to receive instructions
from any quarter, particularly from so high a
source as that from whieh these emanated. If
this bill could be so moulded as to meet his
views, and this could only be deljfcnined after
deliberation, he should lor it,
but he did not wish to be misunderstood—he
utterly denied the binding validity of these res
olutions.—This chamber was no automaton
chessboard, nor were the pieces for others to
play a game with. He held his place here un
der no limitation, but such as the Constitution
imposed—he acknowledged no authority but
that of the people of this nation—no go-between.
When he took his seat here the nation at large
was entitled to his services. It was not lor him
to satisfy New Jersey alone by his conduct, but
all the other States.
It seemed to him that the very persons who
pretended to believe in this rule, by their con
duct utterly disproved this belief. Instead ot
obeying they resigned; but it the doctrine was
correct, and they were only the agents of the
State, they ought to remain and do the bidding
of their master.
This was not a new position with him. In
1838 he had the honor of being in the Legisla
ture of New Jersey. At that time Gen. Wall
was a Senator here, and opposed by both branch
sof the Legislature; years before that Legis
lature had freely instructed Mr. Freelinghuysen
and Mr. Southard, and denounced them for dis
obedience. It was proposed to instruct Gen.
Wall, but he (Mr. Dayton) utterly refused to do
it; they did, however, send him their opinion,
and, iftlje doctrine be good, he should have re
garded them—for the servant who knew his
master’s will was bound to obey it. Gen W.
answers [here Mr. D. read from his reply] in
substance that his friends would not instruct
him, lor they knew his opinion—his enemies
should not, lor they disbelieved the doctrine.
Mr. Allen rose and said he would waive his
Intention of calling up the Jacksun Fine Bill
today, and call it up on Monday.
The bill relative to the Insane Hospital at
Washington, was called up and passed, and the
Senate went into executive session.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
The Chair announced the business first in or
der to be the Report of the majority of the Com
mittee on Elections, in favor of the right of the
members elected by general ticket in the States
ol New Hampshire, Georgia, Mississippi and
Missouri, to their seats.
Mr. Thompson, ot Mississippi, addressed the
House for a half hour, in favor of the report.
Mr. Stephens of Georgia obtained the floor,
and coming here with a high reputation, the
members gathered around him in great numbers
and listened to his speech with undivided atten
tion. He commenced by replying at once and
with great ability to the gentleman who imme
diately preceded him. Mr. Stephens argued
that Congress under the Constitution had a right
to District the States. This was the plain in
terpretation of the Constitution. It was the
opinion of the wisest commentators upon the
Constitution. He had been .asked how he, en
tertaining this opinion, could consent to hold a
seat from one of the States who had not com
plied with the law of Congress. His answer
was that in a question of so much magnitude as
this it belonged to this body to decide upon the
validity of its laivs. He submitted the question
from his own judgment to this House who was
bound to decide upon the election of its members
and vindicate its own laws.
Mr. Stephens said that his opinion was made
up as to the Constitutional power of Congress
to enact such a law as that passed by the last
Congress, and he believed that law to be in all
respects constitutional. His own State had de
fended the principles of this law by establish
ing the District system there, and that by the
aid of all parties. His own party had consent
ed to run a general ticket lor the election of mem
bers ot Congress, but it had done so that the
State might have some representation upon this
floor and in order that the House might be com
pelled to decide upon the subject. This was,
he thought, the understanding of the people of
Georgia.
Mr. Stephens proceed to reply to the majority
Report of the Committee on Elections. He con
tended that it was inconsistent in itself, for it de
clared that Congress had the power to District
the States.
Mr. Douglass of 111., (understood to be the
author ot the report) explained.
Mr. Stephens said he should rely upon the re
port, and meant to make quotations from it to
prove what he had said. Leaving this, he pro
ceeded to give the conclusions of some of the
framers or the Constitut ion upon the •subject.
He argued that it was the understanding of
Massachusetts, of South Carolina, of the first
Congress that assembled, of James Madison and
others, that Congress had the power to District
the States. Sherman and Gilman were added
to the name of Madison to give authority to the
opinions of the speaker; and here Mr. Stephens
eloquently called upon the House, abandoning
all party considerations, to rally around and
stand by the Constitution. The subject he con-
sidered far more important than ordinary mat- i
ters ol legislation. If we were not to abandon
the oracles of our political faiihr th»-vesy falh— -
ers of the republic, we wereboimd to stand by
the Constitution and the law of Congress..
Mr. A. V. Brown, of Tenn, took the floor and
pdvertejikxo the Matement pl Mr. Stephens that
'this liyw had it* origin with the, toeofoco party.
This gave rife to some explanation, and Mr.
Campbell ot S. C. stated that the clause in the
apportionment law, which established the Dis
trict system of electing members ot Congress
was incorporateffinto it oiwtfis motion. Mr.
Brown then resumed and still persisted his party
was not responsible for this feature in the law,
because the gentleman from South Carolina
had at that time deserted ft,-antirad gone over"
to the enemy. He went into the history of the
measure for the purpose of making it appear
that the Whig patty, and not the Locofoco party,
were responsible for it. He then pronounced
tfie law unconstitutional and the balance Os his
remarks were chiefly intended to sustain that
position.
The debate was further continued by Mr.
Chilton, of Va. in opposition to the Report, and
Mr. Payne, of Ala. in favor of it.
Mr. Hunt, of N. J. followed Mr. P., in oppo
sition to the repot t, and in favor of the District
System.
Mr. Norris then obtained the floor, and the
House adjourned.
Washington, Feb. 10, 1844.
IN SENATE.
The Senate did not sit to-day having adjourn
ed on Friday over to Monday.
HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES.
Contested Elections.— Mr. Norris, of New
Hampshire, being entitled to the floor, addressed
the House in favor of the right of the members
from the four States to their seats; He took
ground against the constitutionality of the clause
in the apportionment law, prescribing the Dis
trict System ot electing members of Congress.
He adverted to the remark of a gentleman
who had preceded him, that the District system
was more democratic than the other. He denied
this, and said that the true democratic doctrine
was that the majority in the States should be re
presented here, and not the minority as he con
tended might be t' te case under the District sys
tem. He said one remark from the gentleman
Irom Kentucky had penetrated deeper into his
bosom, than any thing that had been said on the
other side. That gentleman had said he ques
tioned the patriotism of these four States, on ac
count ofthe disregard they had shown to the
provisions of this law. He vindicated New.
Hampshire from this charge, and allege.! that
no State in the Union felt or had displayed
more attachment to the Union and its best inter
ests than this State. He was succeeded by
Mr. Chappell ofGeorgia, who had said that
those gentlemen who opposed the right of these
members to their seats, had tortured and taxed
their ingenuity lixgive such a construction to
the clause ofthe Constitution, from which they
derived their arguments in favor of the consti
tutionality of this act of Congress. He said the
correct principle of construction in all such
cases as this, where there was doubt, should be
in favor of popular rights, and not against them.
Popular rights would be awarded and certain
States would be disfranchised, if the construc
tion contended for on the other side was valid,
and therefore a more liberal construction should
be adopted in a case of such doubt asffiis, and
where such important consequences depended
on it. This position Mr. C. made the founda
tion of a long argument. He attacked the re
port of the minority of the committee, and at
tempted to disprove its arguments and vie ws.
Mr. Catlin, of Connecticut, read a speech on
the same side ofthe question. He did not deny
that the constitution gave to Congress the right
to pass a law of this kind, in the event of the
failure ofthe States to provide for the election of
members of Congress. But as long as any of
the States choose to decide for themselves in this
matter, Congress could not interfere, He was
net opposed to the district system ; as a matter
of expediency, he preferred it; but Congress'
could not force it upon the States. In the course
of his remarks, he passed a high eulogy on John
Tyler, and said in after years he would be look
ed upon as a patriot and honest man and offi
cer, whilst his revilers would be despised or
forgotten.
Mr. Summers, of Va., argued in favor of the
constitutionality of the law of Congress, and
against the majority report. He noticed the
argument that the words in the constitution giv
ing to Congress the power to regulate “the times
places and manner" of holding elections, do not
confer the power to district the States. He re
futed it by saying that the States themselves de
rived the power they had heretofore exercised in
filing upon the mode of electing members, irom
these very words. If these words then author
ised the States to district themselves, the same
words would authorise Congress to do the same
thing.
He answered equally as conclusively, the
argument of the report, that Congress cannot
carry out this drovision of the constitution par
tially, and that they must cover the whole
ground, or their action ( is unconstitutional be
cause incomplete. Mr. S. is speaking as we
close, and is making an excedingly able and
logical speech.
Mr. Calhoun’s Letter.—The Columbus
Enquirer says:—lt is somewhat remarkable
that Mr. Calhoun, in his late address does not
use the terms democrat, or democracy. He has
: for a number of years mingled with the crowd,
1 about which he writes, and finding nothing in
• their practice to justify the name assumed, he
’ cannot and does not apply it to them.—His own
* immediate friends Tie regards as belonging to the
1 State Rights’ party; but the friends of Mr. Clay
’ he no where dubs with the epithet of federal
r ists.
There is something amusing as well as ridicu
-1 lous in the claim of late set up by the Van Bu
ren men, that they are the exclusive and only
1 guardians ot the interests, honor, and rights of
' the States.—At the time when their friendship
in this way was important—when Gaines, with
the federal army, was commanded to beard, and
did beard the civil authorities of Georgia, as
far as he was able—when the Proclamation, fol
lowed by the Force Bill, was thundered against
the very existence of a sister State, threatening
to destroy her sovereignty, and deluge her soil
with the blood of her own sons—where were
these guardians of States’ Rights? Did they,
then, when danger was at the door, when peril
was wafted on every breeze, stand forth the
dauntless chainpions they now pretend to be ?
Not exactly. There was then danger, now there
is none. Then the voice of Gen. Jackson was
omnipotent, and overcrowed the timid —now that
voice is somewhat hushed, and those that were
somewhat silenced by its stirring effects, crawl
forth and crow a little themselves!
We are much of the same opinion that we
think Mr. Calhoun is. If men intend to fight
the great political battles of the country, if they
intend to reap the honors of victory or share the
shame of defeat, let them manfully enter the con
test when the enemy is abroad. Old Hull might
on a different principle, claim toe honors ofthe
last war. He issued most vailant Proclama
tions, and a few years back published a justifi
cation, setting forth the correctness ot his con
duct in betraying his trust, and avowing that he
was the very best patriot ih the land. Did any
one believe it? No. He acted like a poltroon
in the hour of danger; he betrayed his trust,
when that trust was sacred and important to his
country. Who believes, now, that he was ac
tuated by pure motives, or who would trust him
if in life, with the honor and safety ofthe repub
lic. Just so with Van Buren’s btanch of the
democracy. Their valor rises a little too late.
Their anxiety about State rights somewhat after
Ihe fight is over. If they had stood up at the
right time, as they pretend to do now, Calhoun
and the whole Union would have more confi
dence in their assertions.
Russian Scenery, &c.—There are no dis
tances in Russia: so say tlie Russians, and all
the travellers have agreed to repeat the saying.
1 had adopted the sartte notion, but unpleasant
experience obliges me to maintain precisely the
contrary. There is nothing but distance in
Russia —nothing but empty plains, extending
farther than the eye can reach. Two or three
interesting spots are separated from each other
by immense spaces. The intervals are deserts,
void of all picturesque beauty; the high road
destroys the poetry of the steppe, and there re
mains nothing but extension ol space, monotony
and sterility. All is naked and poor; there is
nothing to inspire awe as on a soil made illus
trious by the glory of its inhabitants, a soil like
Greece or Judea, devastated by history, and be
come the poetical cemetery of nations; neither
is there any of the grandeur of a virgin nature ;
tlie scene is merely uglv ; it is sometimes a dry
plain, sometime* a marshy; and these two
pieces or sterility alone vary the landscape. A
few villages, becoming less neat in proportion
as the distance from Petersburg!! increases, sad
den the landscape instead of enlivening it. The
houses are only piles ofthe trunks of trees, bad
ly put together, and supporting roofs of plank,
to which in winter an extra cover of thatch is
sometimes added. These dwellings must be
warm, but their appearance is cheerless. The
rooms are dark, and tainted for want of air.—
They have no beds. In summer the inmates
sleep on benches, which form a di van round tlie
walls of the chamber, and in winter on t ie stove,
or on the floor around it; in other words, a Rus
sian peasant encamps all Ins life. The word
reside implies a comfortable mode of life; do
mestic habits are unknown to this people.— The
Empire of the Czar.
Dicktns, in the latest number ot Martin
Chuzzlewit, lays it down as a pretty conclusive
evidence of seoundrelism, that a man will not
pay his debts.—Meantime, it seems to be under
stood that “ Boz” is in prison in London—that
is, within limits. If it is for debt, then according
to his own rule he is a scoundrel; if for crime
then the trial will show whether he is guilty or
not guilty. Poor “ Boz” will find out that over
stepping one’s means is not confined to the
United States ; and retiring behind repudiation
does not work much worse evils than living ex
pensively within prison limits. It is a pity that
a man, able to write such an article as the
Christmas Carol, should disgrace himselt with
the caricature of the American portion of Mar
tin Chuzzlewit. — Phil. U. S. Gazette.
General Bertrand has arrived safely i*
France.
eovomcle nnU Sentinel.
11 '“'—"JPU U II J
f rot vaKsiosNT,
HENRY CLAY,
OF KENTUCKY:
•The Farmer of Ashland—the Patriot and Philan
thropist—the American Statesman, and
unrivaled Orator of the age.”
“Let me not be misunderstood —anil I entreat
that I may not be misrepresented. Jam NOT
advocating the revival of a HIGH PROTEC
TIVE TARIFF. lAM FOR ABIDING
BY THE PRINCIPLES OF THE COM
PROMISE ACT. 1 am for loing-whatno
Southern man of fair candid mind ever yet de
nied—giving to the country a revenue which may
pftrvide far the economical wants of the Govern
ment, and at the same time giving incidental pro
tection to our home industry."— Speech of Henrj’
Clay in the U. S. Senate, March 1, 1842.
TUESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 13.
The Mails.—The mail IromtheNorth seems
to be quite deranged by the late severe weather
and snow storms. By the mail last night, we
received New-York papers to the 7th, Philadel
phia and Baltimore of the Bth inst., bur none
from Washington City.
Tub opposition mails.—The New York
Express is out at large in defence of the attempts
making at the North to establish mail routes, in
certain quartets, in opposition to those of the
Government.
We much regret to see any respectable and
largely circulated paper, countenance this radi
cal movement—a movement not less in opposi
tion to the laws and the just rights of the lederal
government, than injurious, should it prove suc
cessful, to the interests of four-fifths ofthe people
ofthe United States residing in rural districts.
Without no'icing the arguments of the* Ex
press and its correspondents, (if arguments they
may be called,) let t:s ask our readers, and all
candid men, what would Ire the effect of permit-,
ting these private adventurers to monopolize the
carrying of letters, and other light taail matter,
between the great commercial points on the sea
board and else where, where railroads and steam
boats would enable them to do it ala profit, even
though they charged infinitely less than the gov
ernment now charges ? Is it not plain, that it
would either compel the government to give up
carrying the mail altogether in unproductive
districts, or else to do so at an enormous expense
to the common treasury, wbilealew individuals,
incurring comparatively trifling expense, would
be amassing fortunes on the great thorough,
fares? It is well known that it is the profits
made by the government on tlie profitable routes,
that enable them to transport the mails into re
gions which do not pay. Cut off theone, there
fore, and j’ou immediately affect the other.—
Does it not then follow, that it would be highly
impolitic, to say the least, to suffer these “ pri
vate expresses,” as they are termed, to rob the
U. States mail ot its just dues on the well paid
routes, while the unprofitable ones are left to be
supplied by the government by general taxation?
This is a matter in which the citizens of the
United States, inother districts than thosewliere
these private mail gentlemen carry on their op
erations, have a deep interest, and we trust they
will see that their representatives in Congress
do what is necessary to sustain the public au
thorities in the premises. If the Post-office De
partment has not sufficient power conferred on
it by law to maintain the rights of the govern
ment, let laws be at once passed to supply the de
ficiency.
As to the matter which is urged as a reason
for this attempt to trample on the laws, to wit,
' the enormous rates now charged for the convey
, ance of letters, we repeat the declaration, that
i we will go as far as any other person, within the
laws, to produce a change. The rates are ex
j travagantly high. And what is worse, there is
no excuse for the imposition. All experience
! proves that low rates ol fare increase lie profits
of railroads, canals, &c. The same will hold
good as to postages. Let the government, then,
without delay, establish a low rate, and carry
everything, (newspapers, perhaps, being except
ed,) by weight, and we have no manner of doubt
but the income of the Department will at #nce be
■ increased. But if not, as we have before said,
I® the necessary sum to carry the mails every
j where, and as often as they are needed, be taken
, out of the general fund. There is no necessity
1 for either over-taxing or unnecessarily curtail
: ing the transmission of intelligence.
Another word as to the bill now before the
Senate. It will work some reform, but it nev
ertheless needs some amendments—and particu
larly in that clause which fixes the rates of post
age. The five cent rate must cover agrealer dis
tance — at least 500 miles. And perhaps the
maximum rate had better be put at eight instead
of ten cents. The postage on newspapeis, also,
could be better arranged. But our article is al
ready longer than we intended—and we must
close for the present.
Virginia Locofoco Convention.—The
friends of Mr. Calhoun, who were members of
the late Locofoco Convention n Va., have bow
ed their necks to the yoke, and declared their de
termination to support the “nominee” of the
Baltimore Convention. They seem to have re
garded it rather a bitter pill, but concluded to try
and gulp it down. 11 is possible they hoped it
might be made somewhat unctious, by the asso
ciation of Col. Johnson for the Vice!
Cass in New-York. —The Express, speaking
of the Cass meeting held in that city on the sth
instant, says, that “in numbers it was by no
means what might have been anticipated fiom
the outgivings we have heard of late around us.’
What was lacking in numbers, however, was
made up in zeal. About three hundred persons
were present.
But it is of no use for Cass men, or any other
man’s men, to push against Van Buren and his
greedy supporters. That skilful political angler
has his hook in the nose of the party The re
fractory members may as well make up their
minds to knock under at once. To resist, is but
to struggle against the tide : and they must e’en
take the Kinderhook gentleman “ with all his
imperfections thick upon him”—to wit, his body
guard of “ old bunker” defaulters I The fruit
may be sour, but it must be partaken of! lias
not the Sage so written it down 'I
Hamburg.—The* following gentlemen were
yesterday elected Intel dam and Wardens of
Hamburg, S. C.
Intendant —W. Gray.
Wardens—J. M. Heard, G. W. Garmany,
Wm. Crapon, Geo. Parrot, Jas. Hubbard,
and a tie between Wm. H. Greene and S. D.
Clarke, for the Sixth.
. Mr. Calhoun yet in the field.—After
reading the letter of Mr. Calhoun, we thought
that there was evidently a wish on the part of
the author to leave the impression on the minds
of his friends, that he was entirely willing to run
lor the Presidency notwithstanding the with
drawal of his name from the Baltimore Conven
tion, provided those friends thought proper to
make a demonstration in his favor. In this
opinion we are quite confirmed by the following
extract from an editorial of the “Anderson Ga
zette,” a paper published in his district; and de
voted to his support. The “ Gazette,” in a no
tice of a Whig meeting which was recently held
at Anderson C. H., alludes to the remarks of the
two speakers thus:
We think that Capt. Reed and Dr. Butler
are both mistaken in supposing that Mr. Cal
houn is withdrawn from the Presidency. He
will not permit his name to go before tha Demo
cratic Convention at Baltimore, but we hope that
the Baltimore Convention will not be regarded
the Democratic party —it is thus far only a Van
Buren Convention. A demonstration is making
at the North in favor of Mr. Calhoun, Gen. Cass,
Mr. Tyler, Com. Stewart and Col. Johnson, by
their respective friends, independent of the de
crees of the Baltimore Convention—this pro
poses a Convention at Philadelphia on the
fourth of July next, delegates to be elected by
districts, and a nomination made from the above
list; we think it not improbable that Van Buren
may yet be reined off'the track, and if th Phila
delphia convention does not nominate a candi
date we go for South Carolina casting her vote
for John Caldwell Calhoun.”
Important Seizure. —The Collector of the
port of New-York has recently made some im
portant seizures of smuggled goods, on board
the ships Oxford and Montezuma, and arrested
several suspected persons.
Mr. Clay.—Gen. Duff kreen says“ It is
assumed bv the parlizans|of Mr. Van Buren
fftat be. ..will be iwuumdsj-. by the Baltimore
Convention If si>, no safe person can doubt
the election of Mr. Clay, a d he will be elected
because it is impossible to ally the Democratic
party in support ofiMr. Vai Buren, whose nomi
nation will have beeft produced by a combina
tion of political managers, rganisedin the large
States ol New York, Pe; nsylvania, Ohio and
Virginia, for the purpose f seizing upon, and
distributing among themsi Ives the patronage of
the Govbrninent.?*" J ■*' >
And just so, per contra, < 'guesFather Ritchie
and the man ofthe Globe, should any other per
son than “General” Van Juren be nominated.
The truth is that both patties are in the right.
“No sane person can dout| the election of Mr.
Clay,” let who will be noiiinated in opposition,
"jft will, indeed, be imposfllile to rally the Demo
cratic party in support” oiany jacobin.
A new reason.—A correspondent of the
Baltimore Patriot, writing from Washington,
says—“ It is thought that Mr. Henshaw’s old
friendship for, and support bl, Gen. Hull, who
surrendered Detroit during tlie last war, and was
condemned to be shot, andj pardoned by Presi
dent Madison, was in the minds of Senators
when they rejected his nomination. By the way.
Nathaniel Greene,now be&rethe Senate for the
Boston Post Office, also supported and defend
ed Hull, and aided Mr. Hdnshaw and others in
giving him a Public Qinner in Boston; and
toasting him to the skies :
And yet both of these tnjn are famous leaders
in the Loco Foco ranks! i And all who do not
be’ieve in them and their fcllowers are denoun
ced as enemies to their fflntry.
The Crescent CiTY.-y-Mr. I. D. Marks,
travelling agent for this spriglily New Orleans
Daily and Weekly journal, is now in this city, at
the U. S. Hotel, for the pqpose of extending its
circulation. Neutral in politics, and treading
the finest stage in the Union, if not in the world>
for such an enterprise, lliqf Crescent” commends
itself to the public for and raciness
, of its >
Arrival extraohdinarf !—The Steamboat
Lamar arrived at our wharf on Sunday evening,
direct from Savannah, with freight. Part of her
cargo consisted of the samples ot 500 bales of
Colton, consigned to various Factors in this ci
ty, to be sold in this market! Such an item of
news will doubtless leave our country friends
not unadvised as to which of the two markets
they should seek to effect sales of their crops
This intelligence will perhaps sound rather odd
to some of those imaginative beings who fan
cied themselves residents of the “ Queen City of
th? South
55-The Richmond Star contradicts the state,
rnent made by the Compiler, that Mr. Baker,
who lost his life by the fall of the Whig Club
House, was a loco foco, and stales that he was
known to be a stanch Whig.
We, also, in copying from our cotemporary,
gave currency to the above error. We are hap
py in being ennabled, by publishing a contradic
tion of it, to do justice to the memory of an ho
nest nan.
In for the Winter!—The last Dunkirk
Beacon says, a vessel has been seen lor several
days,, oft that port, lying stationary at a point
in Lake Erie, about 10 miles out. She wa s
propably caught in the ice during the night of
the 24th ult. A smoke is occasionlly seen to
rise from her.
Strawberries.—Tlie Picayune, of the 4th
inst. says:—Dian, the florist, sent us yesterday
a delicate sample of seedling Strawberries, rais
ed from seed sold by him to Mr. Dewees, just
above Lafayeite. Mr. Dewees has jilenty in
his garden, no x nearly ripe, and spi inging from
the open groutd. They are large and beautiful
as any we have ever seen.
jJCol.Greene, of the Boston Post, says, that
. conferring the order of the Legion of Honor on
the editor of a paper, “is about equal to being
appointed'aid-de-carnp to the Governor of Mas
sachusetts !” The Colonel was once in that
category himself, having been appointed an aid
to Gov. Morton, when he succeeded by one vote
to the “ Captain Generalship” ofthe Bay State.
When Morton was subsequently defeated by
some thousands, the Colonel sold his uniform
in a huff- —not being, at that time, aware of the
potency ofa commission asjustice of the peace
. and a suit of clothes, in hand, and four hundred
dollars, in expectancy ’.
try-The Richmond Vhig says, that the Hon
Thomas W. Gilmer, if that state, is no doubt
about to be made Secretary of War. Virginia
will be pretty well taken care of under Mr. Ty
ler’s administration, if all his nominees succeed
in running the Senatorial gauntlet.
From the N. O. Bee of Feb. 6.
By steamer New hrirk arrived last evening
from Galveston, we h;ve received papers up to
the 3d inst.
The President has vetfied the bill requiring
the removal ofthe President and Heads of De
partment to Austin, anialso the bill removing
the Supreme Court to iialveston.
A resolution has bem adopted nominating a
committee ol both Hoisesto act conjointly upon
the memorial of Comnodore Moore.
Mr. Cusneau offeree a resolution, calling on
the Secretary of the Treasury, to lurnish the
House with a statement ofthe amount of money
received by the government under the contract
lor a loan entered into between the Hon. Anson
Jones, Commissioner, &c. &c., and one Mr,
Alexander Bereois, (d’brvenue) for SI ,000,000 as
referred lo in the report from the Treasury De
paatment, and if any moneys have been re
ceived upon said loan, what disposition has
been made ol the same And if not, what are
the causes ofthe failure, and further, that he
lurnish co; res of all contracts and correspon
dence touching the same.
A bill making an appropriation in part pay
ment ol the officers ot the navy has been report
ed in the Senate by the Committee on Naval
Affairs, and passed its first reading.
Our Commissioners. —We learn that Mr.
Ralph, from Corpus Christi, passed through
town on Monday on his way to Washington,
with despatches from our Commissioners. The
contents of these despatches are not known;
the messengers, however, mentioned that the
Commissioners, having been unable to conclude
any definite arrangement with the Mexican
Commissioners, had proceeded to tlie city
ot’Mexico. Their reception had been favorable,
and they entertained the most sanguine hopes
that they should, in a personal interview with
Banta Anna, be enabled to obtain more favora
ble terms than the Commissioner deputed by
him would feel authorized to gram. We learn
from other sources that small parlies ofMexican
troops are still stationeu on the Gruvere, and at
several points east of the Rio Grande. They
have instructions not to interfere with the Tex
ians in any iin lance, but are directed to inter
cept all parlies of Mexicans who attempt lo
trade with the merchants of Corpus Christi, or
any other Texan town.
A bill granting a pension to disabled seamen
who have received their wounds in the Texan
Navy, was passed by the House, and wil proba
bly pass the Senate, is half
pay.
Indian Agent—We have learned with regret
that Captain Sanche who was sent out two or
three months since, to confer with some of the
Indian tribes relating to a treaty, has not return
ed, nor has anything been heard from him, al
though he was expected to return several weeks
since. Some fears are entertained that he has
been massacred by hostile Indians, or has been
drowned in attempting to cross some of the
streams that were swollen by heavy rains. He
has heretofore been remarkably punctual in re
turn ing at the time specified before his departure,
and his friends on this account despair of his re
turn. — Houston Telegraph, Jan. 21.
Fears are entertained that the schr. Galves
ton has been wrecked, and that all on board
have perished. This vessel sailed irom Gal
veston for New Orleans on the 15th January,
and on the night following a Norther came up
suddenly, and it is believed she capsized be
fore those on board could make any preparation
to escape. A portion of the deck and other
parts of the vessel have drifted ashore on Point
Bolivar and on Pelican Island.—The “ News”
gives the following as the list of those who were
on board:
Capt. Wm. Rickets; Mate, and three hands,
names unknown. Passengers —Midshipman
Bryant, formerly of the Texas Navy; Mrs.
Degeurs, wife and child; Mr. Klein, and a Ger
man female, name unknown.
This vessel, we learn, was owned by Messrs.
Frosh & Kuhn. As yet no bodies have drifted
ashore, we will still indulge a hope that a por
tion ofthe crew at least have been saved. ■
The General Assembly ofTennessee adjourn
ed sine die on the 31st uIL after a session ot one
hundred and twenty-two days. A resolution
passed both branches requesting the Senators
and Representatives in Congress from that
State to procure the passage of a law for an
equitable distribution of the sales of the public
lands.
Five of the Insurance Offices in Cincinnati
are hereafter to be conducted on the mutual
plan.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 11.
JjrA correspondentofthe Baltimore Patriot, (
who occasionally writes for that paper, from ,
Washington, in noticing the fact that “ some of |
the Southern members of Congress," who have
been rather deepyl implicated in the disgraceful
scenes which have recently so often occurred
in the capital, had, on a late occasion, under
taken to yun for themselves a “character of
perfect innocence and correct demianor,” by “ let"
ting off the steam of their vituperation against
some letter writers for noticing their behavior—
as if it were not a matter of notoriety and'gme
ml reprobation, not confined to one party, nor on
ly to the metropolis, but extending throughout
the country”—very truly reasons as follows:
’“These gentlemen, as common civility re
quires the use of the term; appear to forget that
their behavior, as public men, whether in the
Capitol, or in taverns, cannot be conceated un
der a bushel—while they seem wholly uncon
scious that the coarseness of the language, and
the threats they employ in repellingthe discredit
able imputations, serve rather to confirm them.
It would far more become them, tor the credit of
their constituents as well as their own, to en
deavor during their stay in Washington to de
serve the praise of gentlemanly character, which
they so modestly bestow upon themselves, what
ever their usual habits may be at home. But
this is a subject upon which self respect at home,
and regard for our national character abroad,
would seem to enjoin silence, it it were not for
the sake of wholesome rebuke.”
We fully concur with the writer, in the fore
going remarks. But it Representatives in
Congress are found, who habitually depart from
the rules of propriety and decency, are not those
who send them there obnoxious to a share ot the
blame that should attach to their conduct? If
care were taken to send no men there, as Repre
sentatives of the majesty of the sovereign Peo
ple, but those who were fitted, by their manners,
their habits, and their capacity, to appreciate the
great importance and dignity of their high trust,
we skou Id hear much less of brawls and fights on
the floor of the House, or aught that equid, in
any respect, outraged the moral sense of our
I citizens.
The Hon. W. H. Stiles and his !->PEEcii.—
We seldoiA, or never, notice the reception of
Congressional documents, but as this is an ex
traordinary case, being the first document which
the Hon. gentleman haslbund of sufficient value
to forward us in a sessional two months we
mustdejiart from our usual custom, and remark
that—we are indebted, to the Hon. Mr. Stiles
for his speech upon the 21st Rule. This ex
ceedingly modest courtesy on the part of the Hon.
gentleman is certainly commendable, and he
will pardon us for remarking that It evinces such
an elasticity of self-esteem as is not likely to be
inflated beyond its capacity of distension, by
having “ delivered the best eulogy ever pronounced
in the Representative Hall."
Free trade consistency !—The New York
Evening Post, insists that foreign manufactures
and products of all kinds, shall be admitted at
the very lowest rates of duties, so that the price
of everything shall be kept down to the lowest
peg—that being its wise mode of cheapening
manufactures and benefiting the country ; and
yet this same editor strenuously resists the en
largement of the Erie canal, in that State, be
cause it would accomplish the “ mere purpose
of cheapening transportation, and enable the pro
ducts raised on the fertile and cheap lands of the
i West to compete with the products of our own
citizens, derived from lands which cost the own
ner five or ten times as much as those ot his
rival.”
This is “ free trade” consistency and liberal
ity, without adulteration! The cheaply raised
bread stuffs ol the West are not to be brought to
the seaboard at a small cost, to feed the*hungry
I poor, or that they may be exported with a better
chance of competition with other grain-growing
countries, because it would interfere with the
profits of men who had invested large sums in
farms, at high prices, a little nearer to the At
lantic! What a howling would the Post and
its.compeers set up, if the friends ot home ma
nufactures should use similar arguments.
I ifjp “ The London Examiner styles the Uni-
■ led States the Jeremy Diddler of nations”—is a
small paragraph which we see is running the
rounds ot the press, without note or, comment.
We know not whether it originated in the Lon
don paper, or was got up in one of those anti-
American prints on this side which
are so ready to advocate English interests in re
ference to certain important points ol home po
licy, and yet stoutly uphold and fellowship the
dishonest repudiators of Mississippi, Michigan
and Pennsylvania. But it matters not whece it
originated. The answer to the petty fling at the
national faith is, that the United States paid her
national debt, principal and interest, to the last
farthing, vi ilhout reducing the rate of interest the
least fraction. England has twice cut down the
rate of interest on her public securities—and
when will the principal be paid?
>,
A Bar to action!—The members of the New
York Bar lately held a meeting to recommend a
candidate for the vacant seat on the bench of
the United States Court. Almost every member
had his candidate, and as there could, of course,
be no action had, an order was wisely entered,
that it was “ inexpedient to recommend any per
.son for the vacant judgeship!”
Doctrine of chances.—The opponents of
rhe Whigs have been crowded into the adoption
of the last trick of an expiring party —the calcu.
lation of chances. We have seen in one or
more of the loco foco prints, a statement, going
to show, that if the election of President should
devolve upon the House of Representatives, Mr.
Van Buren would receive the vote of nineteen
stales.
Perhaps he would, if by any chance the elec
tion should go the House, and he were one ot the
candidates returned. But if there were to be a
presidential steeplechase on the part ofthe radi
cal candidates, is it quite certain that Mt. Van
Buren would be among the first nags in ? The
object, hotvever, of the Van Buren calculator
may have.beeli, to discourage such of his poli
tical brethren as lelt inclined to kick out of the
traces of the party, from starting a courser of
their own, by showing them, that, the House of
Representatives being composed mainly of Van
Buren’s partisans, that gentleman would surely
be elected, even should a choice by the popular
vote be prevented. We trust, however, that if
there are any of out opponents who teel inclined
to try conclusions with the Kinderhook jockey,
by putting a third candidate on the course, they
will not be deterred from so doing, by any inti
mation that Van Buren will walk into the Pre
sidency through the lower House of Congress.
We think we can assure them that the Whigs
will amply provide against any contingency of
that kind! If, therefore, they have a favorite
nag, whose mettle they would try, let litem at
once bring him out. TSc election will not go to
the House of Representatives! The Whigs have
a controlling voice in that matter.
3 V The following is the vote of the Senate
upon the several nominations that have lately
been before it:
Yeas Nays
Mr. Wise, 30 10
Mr. Spencer, 21 -G
Mr. Henshaw, 8 34
Mr. Profit, 8 33
Mr. Hill, 11 25
Mr. Porter, 3 38
Tj* The three men of the name of Laniard,
charged with robbing the Milbury Bank, in
Massachusetts, were recently tried at Worces
ter and found guilty. They should have applied
tor a change of venue to New Orleans. It is
not a crime to rob a bank in that city, we be
lieve.
Mr. Calhoun.—The New York Republic
Gen. Green’s paper, alluding to the Globe’s
declaration, that Mr. Calhoun will support Mr.
Van Buren, says:
“We assert upon better authority than any
person now in Washington can have, that no
ond is authorised by Mr. Calhoun to give such
an assurance.*
Is this a deliberate and wilful misstatement,
or mere speculation? We assert that no man
who has any regard for his character will stand
sponsor for the declaration of the Globe.
When we say that our authority is better than
that of any one in Washington, we do not refer
to Mr. Calhoun’s published letter. That Mr.
Calhoun will cordially support Mr. Van Buran's
election is impossible.’’
A sad condition!—The Harrisburgh (Pa.)
Argus, a radical sheet of the rankest kind, is
evidently of the opinion that Locofbcoism is in
the “death flurry.” Or, it not now about to
give up the ghost, that the coming jacobin con- 1
vention at Baltimore, will certainly put the fin
ishing touch to It. Hear it:
“The Danger—itis upon us already. There
is no u nion—no harmony—no hope in the party.
All is discord, division and despondency. There
is delusion, deception and an unyielding adher
ence to men that would have crushed the Demo
cratic party in the day of its greatest power.
The iron rule that has in days gone by intimid
ated those who were disposed to revolt, has lost
its potency; it is disregarded, laughed at, scorn
ed. To inquire what has produced this state of
disorganization, is not our purpose. Its exist
ence we lament, but will not deny.”
j Alas! the p ror party! But let us hear fur
ther wharthis organ of the radicals has to say.
His confessions are precious for their truth!
“We differ with some as to the propriety of
telling the truth upon this subject. There are
those who do not think it policy. It will injure
tiie parly, say they, at the same time admitting
to tlje lull extent the correctness of our opinion
in regard to its condition. Whetbertheircourse
is not more treasonable than ours, we must
leave to our readers to judge. What, when
three out of every five Democrats that visit the
seat of Government from the country, say that
defection is stalkingabroad in every township in
the State—when they tell us that the Clay men
are active and organizing in every district, and
that the Democrats are asleep and indifferent to
the result—that many who have voted with us
before, say that if they have to nake choice be
tween Mr. Van Buren and Mr. Clay, they will
choose the latter. When these things are, is it
the ‘policy’to be quiet? If it is, it is a policy
that we cannot reconcile with our duty.”
We agree with this editor. Many of his
brethren have ever had great objections to the
<‘policy”of “telling the truth.” Wehavenev
er known them to be guilty of that great sin
against the ethics of their party I
. But here is another and a final strain. How
sweetly this swan of jacobinism sings the re
quiem ot the dying concern !
“ We will not deceive Mr. Van Buren or his
friends, by holding out false lights to him or
them. They shall know the truth. do
not credit it now, the time is hot /listauH wihen 1
results will confirm it. The parly is going to
pieces. Its energies are being destroyed. Des
pair has taken hold of the stoutest hearts. All
is lost: gone not for this year or the next four,
but for a quarter ofa century, unless Mr. Van
Buren is immediately withdrawn. There must
be no delay ill this matter. The army is dis
banding, and we must have a new commander
al once, or we can make no fight. Let the Ex-
President’s fi iends choose that commander. Il
is a matter ot' no consequence to us who he is,
so that we achieve a victory over the enemy.
In all reason, this is not an immoderate demand
—it is not asking too much. We wish but to
be allowed to participate in a glorious victory.
We care not who are the officers we fight under,
so that the party has confidence in success. But
, this state of things must alarm every Democrat.
With Mr. Van Buren, a field far darker, far
more disastrous, than that of ’4O, lies before
us.”
All truth—every word of it! We endorse the
Argus man, from top to bottom! It is refresh
ing, thus to get the truth from lips that have
been so long strangers to it, even though it
comes in the shape ofa “ last dying speech and
confession.” We can, too, excuse the poor
man’s pathetic call for “ a new commander.”
It is common for patients beyond hope, to desire
a new doctor. The withdrawing of the old em
piric would not, however, in this case, prolong
the existence of Locofocoism. It is in a “has
ty consumption,” and may as well die under the
care of the Professor ot Lindenwold, as of any
other one of the Jacobin Faculty.
A house belonging to Mr. John Robinson,
at a place called Black Neck, in New Jersey,
[ was lately destroyed by fire, and two children,
, one aged 15, and the other 9 years of age, un
. fortunately perished in the flames. The other
. inmates narrowly escaped death.
’ <~j- A mathematician of the name of Allen,
for the want ol something better to do, perhaps,
has been calculating the amount of the water
I power of Niagara Falls, and makes it, after de
ducting one third for waste, equal to the united
power of 4,533,335 horses, or nineteen times
greater than all the motive power employed in
the manufactories and workshops of Great Bri
' tain. ,
COMMUNICATED.
The Augusta Bible Society, which held its26t'i
Anniversary in the Methodist Church on Mon
day night, has entered upon the commendable
work of supplying every family of the Cherokee
District, as far as practicable, with the Bible—
either by sale at cost, or by donation. Last
summer this undertaking was commenced and
vigorously prosecuted tor more than six months,
and it is proposed to resume it next spring. In
Dade and Gilmer counties 898 families were vis
; ited, out of which 486 more than half were found
destitute of the Sacred Scriptures. So poor were
these people that 476 Bibles were distributed
amongthem gratuitously—a very small propor
tion only being able to pay even the moderate
price of a Bible sold at cost. Several other
counties were visited and supplied.
There were distributed in all, 1363 Bibles and
Testaments by the agent, during his tour.—
i There have been distributed from the depository
in Augusta, 569 Biblesand Testaments during
the year. Total, 1932 copies—reaching proba
bly not less than 10,000 individuals.
The total expense of these operations—inclu.
. ding donations to those unable to pay—has been
$689.05. To meet a balance due by the Society,
and continue the enterprise begun under such
favorable auspices, there will be needed for the
year, about S7OO or SBOO. The Society looks
with confidence to the well known liberality of
the citizens of Augusta, to sustain them in this
noble undertaking. The object is one ot gener
al interest, and cannot fail to meet the approba
tion of every man who appreciates the value of
the Bible as a means of civil improvement, as
well as the main support of good morals and
true religion.
A Soliloquising Member.—The Washing
ton correspondent of the Newark Advertiser
says Mr. Seymour, of Connecticut, has a singu
lar habit of soliloquising, and that it is amusing
to be near him whenever a question ofthe least
importance is being taken by yeas and nays.
Anxious to “be sure he is right,” he is contin
ually asking himself, in an under tone, uncon
scious that his thoughts find utterance—“ How
shall I vote on this question ?” “ I wonder
what my constituents think of it?”—“I should
like to know how Simmons and Stewart are go
ing to vole.”—“ What had I better do !”—“Sup
pose I vote yea, why then my constituents may
not like it; if I vote nay, why they may not like
that either.” “Then what had I better do?”
" Let’s see, how did Catlin vote ?” And so on,
until his name is reached, does the intelligent
representative of the classic soil of New Haven
soliloquise.
The Senate, on the 9lh inst. confirmed the
nomination of Mr. Wise, as Minister to the
Brazils, in place of Mr. Proffit rejected.
Bequest to Mr. Clay.—The Louisville
Journal says that “ the late Judge Porter, of
Louisiana, who manifested through life the most
unwavering and enthusiastic attachment to Mr.
Clay, left at his death a considerable portion of
histarge property to his distinguished friend.”
J3“From the Washington Standard we learn,
that the “ Senate recently confirmed 'nomine
dissienle’ the nomination of Lieut. Bennett Ri
ley, 2d Infantry, to a Brevet Colonely in the
Army. This distinguished mark of considera
tion, by the Senate of the United States, has
been awarded to Col. Riley, for his gallantry on
several occasions on the Canada f rontier, dur
ing the war with England, and for his uniform
obedience of orders, and faithful service from
that period to the present.”
Col. Riley is now in command of the garri
son at Cantonment Forsythe, at Buffalo, New
York.
JTpWe shall be under the necessity ofenlarg
ing the borders of our fun department, for a
surety, unless our loco loco cotemporaries hold
up! Here is an excrept from the Mobile Regis
ter:
Amos Kendall has thrown himself and his
abilities into the contest with his characteristic
enthusiasm, and disinterested devotion lo princi
ples!!!”
The remains of the late Judge Porter, U.S.
enatur from Louisiana, have U««u takes to
Louisvilla for interment there.
THURSDAY
Central Bank Bills.—The Editors of the I
Milledgeville 11 Recorder,” and “Journal;’ in
noticing the burning of the billsol the Central
Bank, avail themselves of the opportunity to '
express some very novel doctrines tor Whig
editors, if anything, as to their views of bank- j
ing and currency, may be inferred from the an
nexed paragraphs; t
Central Bank Bill*. —The Recordersays '
“There were burnt of the bills of this institu- 1
lion, last week, three hundred and sixty-six thou
sand four hundred andforty-five dollars. There
is in the Treasury, which will not be issued, the
further amount of one hundred thousand dollars,
which leaves in circulation about two hundred
thousand dollars. When it is remembered the
length of time in which this issue has been in
circulation, and that it has entered largely into
the circulation of Alabama and Tennessee, it
will at once be apparent why these bills are be
coming so rare. When we remember too, that
it is only by these bills that the best investment
in State bonds in the Union can be made, it is
surely no exaggerated opinion, that these bills,
instead of being possibly hereafter depreciated,
must, from the nature jf the case, appreciate
above the value of those of the other banks, and
will be eargerly sought, even at an advance, tor
the purposes above indicated.
The Journal remarks—There were burned
in the Central Bank on the first instant, 366,445
dollars ot its bills. This leaves a circulation of
321,077 —of which there are in the Treasury
Department about 25,000, which will not again
be issued.
This statement, itself, shows, that Central
Bank money ought to be at par. But when we
add to it, the acts ofthe last Legislature for re
storing the credit of the State and redeeming
from circulation these bills, it must be apparent
to every one, that the circulation, now out, ought
not onlv to be at par, but that it should command
a premium. Facts speak tor themselves, and
these will do more do more to put down the ef
forts of speculators to keep Central money be
low par, than any multiplication of words.
With regard to the discrepany, in the two
statements, as to the amount of bills in circula
tion, we have nothing to say; but we confess our
astonishment al the promulgation of such senti
ments in Wing journals, conducted by persons
whose familiarity with banks, currency and
commercial operations, should have taught them,
that no currency could be at par with specie or
its equivalent, unless it was at all times convert
ible at the will ofthe holder into either. This is
a proposition, which the experience of every
man in this country has taught so forcibly and
thoroughly, that to disprove it, the editors ofthe
“ JinunaT' we apprehend will be driven to the
“ mvltiplicntim of more words," than haveMieen
contained in their jiaper, since its establishment,
thirty-five years ago. When all men learn to
estimate the issues of Banks as a commercial
commodity, the value of which is to be ascer
tained by their relative approximation to a
specie standard, then will the country entertain
correct notions upon this important subject. It
matters nothing,exceptto fix their relative values,
that the Bank which issues them will be able to
pay ultimately in coin or its equivalent—
and no system of argumentation or financiering
can convince a man that the issues of a bank
which does not pay specie, or its equivalent, are
of equal value with tlie issues of a bank which
promptly pays, and whose bills can at all times
be used to subserve the purposes of the holder.
These sound are doctrines —fundamental truths
—truths based upon the immutable laws ot cur
rency and commerce, and it would be well for
the country, and the well being of society, ii no
other sentiments were ever promulged, either by
the press or individuals.
When will Mr. Clay be in Augusta?—This
question is so frequently asked us by our coun
try Briends, in their correspondence, that we
deem it best to answer generally, we do not yet
know. At the earliest moment, however, after
the time is ascertained positively, we shall make
it known through our columns, so as to afford
asmanyot the citizens as possible an opportu
nity to greet him ; and we doubt not they will
have ample lime, as it is expected he will re
main several days in the city.
U. S. District Attorney for Georgia.—
The Senate have confirmed the nomination ot
Richard R. Cuyler, as Attorney of the United
States for the District of Georgia, in the place
ot Alexander Drysdale.
A FALSEHOOD “ EXPUNGED.”—TII9 House of
Representatives ol Tennessee, on the 271 h ult.,
put the finishing touch to the honorable work
commenced in the Senate, touching the false
hood recorded in the legislative journals of that
Stale, in the days of the Dictator, of “ bargain,
intrigue and corruption,” between Mr. Adams
and Mr. Clay. The resolutions of the General
Assembly of 1827, making that charge, are now
formally pronounced lobe “ unsupported by truth,
and not to be believed," in the same records where
the vile calumny was written down by the serfs
of party; and justice, though at the eleventh
hour, is now done to patriots and statesmen, who
stand among the first in the land. Would that
the refutation of the falsehood could be branded
in the loreheads of the caitiffs who originated
it.
The Whigs call Mr. Clay a farmer, which is
all a humbug. When Van Buren called to see
him, last season, Clay got him to show him
howto transplant cabbages, and sow turnips.—
Ex. Paper.
Well, says the Alabama “ Reporter," we al
ways knew that Mr. Van Buren was a better
hand at cabbaging than Mr. Clay—he has cab
baged some $200,000 of the public (money.—
The people will not deprive his cabbage ot his
fostering hand. But the National Garden needs
a Hille more Clay to make it produce well, and
they are now making preparations to put it on.
China.—The N. Y. Commercial Advertiser
puts quite a different “ face,” to use a Chinese
expression, upon the statement put forth in the
English papers, that the British negotiator had
already concluded treaties with the Chinese
government, in behalf of the whole world, and
that therefore the missions of Mr. Cushing and
the French Minister were unnecessary; and
further, that the Yankee negotiator would or.ly
be laughed at, for taking such a long journey
to do that which had already been done.
According to the Commercial article, it would
seem, that instead of the English government,
or its agent, I cing entitled to the laudation for
universal philanthropy which is so loudly laid
claim to, for concluding such a treaty, the first
movement therefor came from the Chinese
Commissioner, in an official notification, that
his master, the Emperor, designed to put all na
tions on a footing, in the way of trade with the
Chinese Empire, with Mr. Bull! To this pro
position the English Commissioner condescend,
ed lo give his consent! and this is the great
care for the interests of other people, for which
the English would demand the thanks and ac
knowledgments of “all nations, and kindredsand
tongues.”
The idea of the English making a treaty with
the Chinese for the United States, is also re
garded by our New York colemporary as4jnite
a funny matter; and in reference thereto, the re
mark is very justly made, that this government
can generally make treaties for itself much bet
ter than other governments can do tor it, and
that, therefore, Mr. Cushing’s mission may not
turn out to be such a laughable matter as John
Bull would now seem to consider it. So also
think we: and we are much mistaken, if, be
fore the end of itcomes, John doesnot laugh on
the wrong side of his mouth.
New Jersey.—The "Jersey Blues” are mov
ing with spirit and animation. They are de
termined to wipe out the disgrace ot last year’s
defeat, and to thrash the cohorts of locofocoism
as effectually as Washington did the Hessians
at Trenton and Princeton.
JJ-The United States, says the Buffalo
Commercial Advertiser, have adopted a policy
more nearly approaching free trade than any
other civilized nation in the world. Even un
der ourpresent “ oppressive,” “ black,” “ abom
inable Tariff,” as the Journal of Commerce
callsit, the amount of duties levied upon all
our imports is only about $23,000,000; while
upon our exports, which but slightly exceed our
imports, and which are chiefly articles of prime
necessity to the rest of the world, and can be got
only of us, other nations impose a duty of about
5130,000,000. When other nations show the
same liberality that we do, it will be time
enough to talk about free trade.
The Attica and Buffalo Rail Road Company
have declared a semi-annual dividend ofjfnz
per eent. payable to stockholders on the 10th
met.
Three Days Later from Europe.
The ship Republic, at Boston, brings Liver
pool advices to the 11th January. We are in
debted to the New York Heraki tor an extra
containing the news.
There had been a further improvement in the
wheat market.
Money continued abundant.
Cotton was again in the ascendancy. Mar
ket closed firmly at the last accounts. '•
There have been a few revolutionary indica
tions in France. A thousand students had call
ed upon Lafitte; they were ripe lor an emeute
and cried “vine Miliere," &c.
A good prospect tor a very fine spring trade
was held out.
Every thing was prosperous in Great Britain.
Fresh distuibancesTiadlirbken butln Afhers".
Packet ships New York and Liverpool arri
ved out on the 10th tilt. ,
According Co all accounts O’Connell may be
convicted.
The State Trials were' to begin on the 15th
ult.
It was gathered as a fact that Gen. O’Don -
nell, Captain-General of Cuba, was openly en
couraging the revival of the slave trade at Cu
ba. 1 hree large cargoes of .hese poor miaeia
ble wretches had been recently landed there.
The “Nationall” publishes a letter from
Rome, announcing that the utmost distress
prevails in that city. Commerce agriculture
and manufactures are in a deplorable state, and
the only income derived by the shopkeepers is
from strangers.
Not less than 650 tons of iron have been used
in constructing the splendid roof at the junction
ofthe Liverpool and Manchester and Leeds
Railways, at Hunt’s bank, Manchester.
Ship Wales, Capt. Webb, from Manilla, for
New York, with a cargo of hemp and sugar,
was lost in August in the China sea. Insured
in Wall street for $43,000.
Iceland appears to remain in the same state
of tumultuous excitement without definite ac
tion, in which she has been for months. The
near approach ofthe “ Slate trials,” which were
to be renewed on the 15lh ult., had called forth
two movements, one apparently from the Cath
olic Clergy, and the other from the CityCorpo- »
ration of Dublin. The first of these is a call
for an “aggregate meeting of the Catholics in
Ireland, at Dublin,” on the 13th ult—two days
before'the trials—to protest against the striking
from the jury panel of the names of 11 Catho
lics, and the second, a motion on the Bth ult. at
the session of the Corporation, by Aiderman
Rowe, formerly Mayor of Dublin, for an address
by the Corporation of Dublin to ,the Queeu,
representing the grievances under which Ire
land labored, and requesting her to jtostpune the
State trials until those grievances shall be re-
, dressed:
Three Days 1 .a ter from Europe.
The packet ship Roscius, al New York, sail
ed from Liverpool on the 14th January. We
! are indebted to the Herald and Journal of Com
. merce tor the annexed items:
There had been another advance in eulton ol
1 id, with large sales.
, The news carried out by the Liverjxiol and
} New York, sent up the price ol cotton.
I The last accounts from America received in
England, were of the 21st December.
Sir Hudson Lowe, to whom was entrusted the
i custody of Napoleon at St. Helena, died in Lon
-1 don, of paralysis, on the 10th ult.
The Cortes of Portugal were opened on the
1 2d by Donna Maria in person.
. The Paris dates are to the 9th, but they are
j uninteresting, excepting that the Chamber ol
Peers had voted an answer to the speech ofthe
King, lavorable to the ministers, 115 to 14.
4 A letter from the Island of Bourbon, poblish
f ed in the French papers, states that England has
taken possession ot Diego Saurez, a maguifi
e cent port in the Island of Madagascar.
h It appears that the sum of £25,000 has been
s raised in England in behalf ot the Free Church
ol’Scjtland.
The Duke of Sutherland has already granted
s sites tor a number of churches in his county,
- and the ministers and people of thefrei church
r are in cotiimuiiicjtion with his grace, in the
confident expeclalipn of obtaining more.
’ The American Trade.—Tlie American
’’ packets, which nave recently left this port, afford
evidence of the improving state of business with
the United States. The Hottinguer, on Mon
s day, took out freight amounting to upwards of
. £1,500, and 11 cabin passengers : the Montezu
ma, which sailed the same day, upwards of
' £1,200, and 10 cabin passengers. By the way,
1 these two fine vessels, both remarkably fast sail
r ers, are pitted against each other, and bets to
» some amount are dependant upon which gets
i home first. The fine transient ship Cohota, al
so sailed in company ; she is known lo be ave-
• ry fast ship, and is pilled, as regarus speed,
1 against the vessels we have named. In future,
there will be a packet every fivedays. The Eu
rope is the first ship under the new regulation.
The Roscius, which is about to sail, takes out
freight amounting to £l.lOO. Indeed the Ame
' rican packets have received belter Ireights late
-1 ly than lor a length of time previously.— Liverp.
I Chromi
, The State of France. —“We are not,” says
the Siecle, “among those who regard the present
government as seriously menacetl. The |>re
f cautions which it is now taking against an at
tempt ol the Duke of Bordeaux to land on the
’ coast of Normandy, appear to us puerile; and
: the exceptional laws wtiich it keeps in reserve
against theLegitiinatists are, in our opinion, an
untoward conception. Nevertheless, we are
struck with the analogy existing between the
present situation of affairs, and that which pre
ceded 1830. At this moment, as well as then,
there are sinister presertiments, vague terrors
abroad, and the country appears to bewailing
in expectation of somechange. M. deChateau
i briand, like Simeon in the Scripture, blesses in
l London the political advent ol the Dukeof Bor
i deaux ; M. Lafitte deplores in Paris the destruc
tion of our institutions, and the disappointment
1 of his patriotic hopes ; M. de Lamartine se
> cedes from the pretended Conservatives, whom
l he conceives to be hurrying to their ruin ; M.
Odillon Barrot remains in the opposition, be
cause he feels a cold contempt fora corrupt and
I corrupting system.
These facts are significantly ominous. The
demonstrations made at Belgrave square by a
few hun Ired squires and land owners, and in Pa
ris by the yo: ng men of the schools, the usual
advanced guard cf 'he rest ofthe population, are
scenes similar to n.ose which marked the last
days ofthe Restoration. The differences that
have arisen between the municipal power and
the Executive are symptoms #f a still more
alarming character. The clergy, by its recent
hostility towards the University, has inflicted a
wound on the present Government in its most
vital part, and endangered its. very existence, by
indisposing against it the youth of our Col
leges.
We feel also bound confidently to say,
that the men to whose hands our destinies
are confided, appear to be possessed with that
spirit of insanity which produces catastrophes.
After past experience, and knowing the anti
pathy of the country for apanages and donations,
it is an act of folly or felony on the part of M ia
istersto induce a beliel that they could possibly
think of demanding a civil list for the eventual
Regent; in their anxiety to consolidate their in
fluence al court, they are not afraid to sacrifice
the popularity of the royal family.
♦ » ♦ It is equally easy to perceive from
the treatment of our Government by foreign
powers, that they entertain no great confidence
in its stability. The most friendly of those
governments, the one with whom we have a
cordial understanding, seems to have undertak
en the task of mortifying us on evfery occasion
and every where; for it will be seen by the last
London Journals, that even before the arrival of
our Ambassador for China, it is sought to
render us nn object ot ridicule in that country.
We do not infer from all these circumstances
that a revolution is imminent, and that the Go
vernment cannot be withdrawn from the ruin
ous course which itis pursuing—we only trust f
that eur rulers may regard them as a salutary
warning.”
State oi-Tradr- T.i vfjtool.—There has been
rather a large business done this week in the prin
cipal articles of consumption. The accounts to
hand from Bombay and China, and America,
have had no small effect on our business and the
trade of the manufacturing districts, as it la evi
dent from the range of prices for goods in India,
that no shipments of much weight will be made
should spinners insist on advanced rates, whilst
the latest letters from the cotton growing states of
America are calculated to enhance the prices here
of the raw material, as the estimate of crop has
been reduced, and shipments now arriving will
leave a loss that may fairly be estimated at seven
percent.on the amount invested. Oneratherim
portant statement is reported in some correspond
ence, to the effect that the southern banks were
again assisting the planters to withhold their
crops from market, and that, whilst the stocks in
the ports were accumulating, the prices were ad
vancing under such assistance. Here we have
had a lively market, with large sales, chiefly to
speculators, at prices a shade higher; yesterday,
especially an enormous business was done, rough
ly estimated at from 18,000 to 20,000 bales. The
excitement in the share market has apparently
blown over, and the transactions are not so nu
merous.—Liverpool Mercury, Jan. 12.
Manchester, Jan. 11. The commercial intel
ligence from India and China, received by the last
overland mail, being generally considered unfa
vorable, had a prejudicial effect upon the market
to-day; and manufacturers of shirtings were will
ing to accept lower prices, which they generally
refused last week. Printing cloth, though not
lower in price, was less inquired after, and but lit
tle business was done in it. Stout domestics,
however, which have been for a long time greatly
depressed, and of which the manufacture has
been somewhat diminished, were in better de
mand at prices somewhat higher than those of
last week. In the yarn market there was not
much business done. The accounts from Ger
many not being very favorable, and the demand
for the east having been supplied, there was little
inquiry for the reeled yam, except from the Greek
merchants, who are now considerable purchasers
of low numbers of water twist. The Liverpool
cotton market having also become a little easier,
prices of shipping qualities of yarn were in many
cases from ito f lower than last week. For the
home trade there was no materal difference of
prices ; but the amount of business done was
limited.
The Cunard Steamers.—The Helifax Jour
nal of the 22d uIL, states that information has
been received by the Brilania, that the British
Government had extended their contract with
the Royal Mail Steam Company tor ten years
longer, with an additional allowance of £IO,OOO
per annum,