Newspaper Page Text
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Mr. Henley of Indiana, presented a Joint Re
solution that the two H mses of Congress ad
journ upon day of May next.
Objections were made to its consideration.
Mr. Henley moved a suspension of the Rules,
and called for the yeas and nays, which were
ordered.
Mr. Saunders said he would not consent to fix
any day of adjournment until the Committee of
Ways and Means reported what they intended
doing upon the subject of the tariff. The Speak
er said the proposition was not debateable, and
declined to hear any suggestion upon the mo
tion. The vote was then taken to suspend the
Rules. Ayes 108, noes 54.
The Speaker voted in the negative, which
made the vote one less than two-thirds, and the
motion was lost.
Mr. Kennedy here introduced Dr. Preston,
of Maryland, who was qualified and took his
Mr. McKay moved that the House go into
Committee of the W hole on the State of the
Union.
The Pension Bill was taken up and debated
until the hour of adjournment.
Washington, February 23.
IN SENATE.
The resolution of Mr. Tappan of Ohio (un
der discussion yesterday,) in relation to Com
mander Mackenzie, was laid upon the table,
(tempotarily I suppose,) on motion of Mr.
Tappan.
The resolution of Mr. Archer,calling tor any
correspondence that had taken place between
jhe Governments of Great Britain and the Uni
ted States, upon the subject of the 10th article
of the treaty of Washington, (relating to fugi
tive criminals,) was called up and adopted.
The resolution of Mr. Atchison to suspend
the 3d article of the treaty between the United
States and Great Britain for the joint occupa
tion of the Oregon was read.
Mr. Hannegan spoke in opposition to the
views of Mr. Choate, and in favor ofthe spirit
of the resolutions of his legislature asking for
“the occupation of the Territory, peacea
bly if we can, and forcibly if we must.”
'Mr. Dayton of N. J. replie I, taking a more
moderate view ofthe subject, and arguing that
the principles of peace and justice could be pre
served. He was opposed to legislative action
while negotiations were pending. Mr. D. dis
cussed with much clearness and ability the
principles of international law. He thought
that Great Britain had gone too far—much far
ther than was defensible upon this subject—but
two wrongs would not make a right, and he
contended that the manner proposed to remedy
the evil was the least effectual. It might be that
Great Britain would not sustain the acts of the
Hudson Bay Company. It might be that in the
right wav there was a remedy for all our griev
ances The one proposad was to him the most
objectionable and the least likely to result in
good. , ~
The whole day was again devoted to this
subject, and at the close of Mr. Dayton s speech
the Senate adjourned over to Monday.
HOUSE.
Mr. Adams, as soon as the Journal was read,
desired to correct a material error in the Journal
of yesterday’s proceedings.
The vote upon the motion to suspend the rules
fin order to introduce a Resolution fixing upon
a— day in May for the adjournment of the
two Houses) was found to be incorrectly record
ed. The record was : Ayes 108, noes 54, (just
two thirds.) The Speaker voted in the negative
and changed the result, preventing the suspen
sion of Rules which otherwise might have
brought the Resoltion before the House. It ap
peared from the lynx-eyed vigilance of Mr.
Adams, that Mr. Slidell, who voted in the af
firmative, had his vote recorded in the negative.
Mr. Slidell so stated, and alter some discus
sion between Messrs. Rhett, Dromgoole, Adams
and others, Mr. Slidell was permitted to change
his vote. Th e effect was that the Rules were
now suspended—the vote of yesterday operating
.upon the House —Ayes 109, noes 53. The
Speaker not being able now to cast his vote.
Mr. Rhett spoke earnestly against the deci
sion of the Chair, which declared that this sub
ject was now in order before the House. Many
were present npw wlfo were not here yesterday,
and many were absent now who were here yes
terday. He appealed from the decision of the
Chair. ~
Mr. J. R. Ingersoll replied—The House could
not take notice of those who were present or
those who were absent. It had committed an
error yesterday which it was bound to correct
today. This was right apd proper.
Mr. Steenrod then moved a reconsideration of
Che vote to suspend the rules.
Mr. Dromgoole moved to lay the motion to
Reconsider on the table.
Mr. Henly of la. called for the yeas and nays
—which was lost, 108 to 64,
The motion to reconsider was also withdrawn
with the appeal.
The House were now fast becoming involved
jn points of order.
The Speaker changed his decision as to the
business of the day, and the effect was that it
was not in order to consider the Re-olution now.
The contrary opinion was argued to restore
quiet and order, and
Mr. Henley (with the consent of the House)
.withdrew . , s resolution and gave notice that he
Would offt; it anew on Tuesday next.
Twenty-first Rule.—The orders of the day
were called, and Mr. Rogers of N. Y., addressed
,the House for an hour. He argued that the
progress of the Abolition question had been
.caused by the ultra action of the House against
the Right of Petition. Not long since in the
.State of New York, the Abolitionists were a
mere handful of obscure individuals. They
now held in .that great State the balance of the
power. They had increased in like manner in
Connecticut, Vermont, Rhode Island, Massa
chusetts, Ohio and elsewhere.
Mr. Rogers said it was doubting the good
sense of every man to say that the 21st Rule
was consistent with the Right of Petition.
Mr. R. coniinued his speech until the expira
tion of his hour—during which he quoted the
.opinions of Washington, Madison, and other
great men, upon the subject of Slavery, and
finally alluded to that ofMr. Van Buren,which
he treated in a manner that caused some merri
ment.]
The floor was then given to Mr. Dromgoole,
and the subject passed from the House for the
day.
The House then went into Committee, J. R.
Ingersoll in the Chair, and devoted the remain
der ofthe day to private business.
Correspondence of the Baltimore Patriot.
Washington, February 24, 1844.
SENATE.
The Senate was not in session today, hav
ing adjourned over from Friday to Monday
next.
HOUSE.
Report on the Rules.— Mr. Belser, of Alabama,
was desirous of offering a resolution, but the
Chair stated that the order of the day had been
called up, and he could not be indulged, unless
the gentleman entitled to the floor would give
way.
Mr. Dromgoole, of Va., who was entitled to
the floor, declined to give way to Mr. B. Mr.
D. then moved to strike out certain portions of
the rules, embracing the abolition (or 21st) rule,
and offered an amendment, which was read.—
The amendment embraced a rule of the same
purport as the former abolition rule, and was
understood only to vary from it in phraseology.
He then remarked, that for the purpose of hav
ing his amendment printed and put in possession
of members before it was considered, he would
move to postpone the subject until Tuesday
next. He made some remarks in support of this
motion.
Mr. Adams opposed the motion and made
some remarks.
Mr. Schenck, of Ohio, was opposed to a post
ponment, and said he intended to move the pre
vious question, but before he did so he would
make a few remarks. He then gave his reasons
for opposing a postponement, and said he desir
ed immediate action for the reason that, as long
as the subject was unsettled, excitement would
continue, and the designs of the abolitionists
would be promoted.
He intended to vote against the rule, not be
cause he was an abolitionist, or because he
favored this cause, but tor the very opposite rea
son. He believed that the exclusion of these
petitions was the very best means of strengthen
ing the abolitionists and furthering theft pur
poses. He concluded by moving the previous
question.
Mr. Holmes addressed the House and was
entering upon the merits of the general subject,
when he was called to order by the Speaker,
who informed him that the general subject
could not be discussed under a motion to post
pone.
_ The morning hour having naw expired,
Mr. Steenrod, of Va., moved to suspend the
rules for the purpose of enabling the House to
proceed with the consideration of the subject of
the rules.
Mr. Vance, ot Ohio, called for the ayes and
nays and they were ordered. The decision was
in the affirmative—ayes 142, nays 36, two thirds
having voted aye.
A motion was made that there be a call of
the House which was adopted. The Clerk then
proceeded to call the vote, when 190 members
answered to their names.
The private Secretary of the President here
entered the Hall and delivered a message from
the President in writing. He also returned the
Bill providing for the transfer of Naval Appro
priations from one branch of the service, to
another, with the President’s signature thereto.
The proceedings on the call ofthe House were
then resumed and excuses were offered in be
half of absentees by their friends.
The proceedings on the call were then sus
pended and the doors were opened.
Mr. Steenrod of Va. moved to lay the Report
and amendments on the table, and on this mo
tion the yeas and nays were ordered. The vote
being taken the decision was in the negative.
Ayes 82, nays 112.
Mr. C. Johnson offered a resolution adopting
the rules of the last House of Congress as the
rules of the present, except the 21st (now the
25th) rule, and in lieu of that rule, the resolution
proposes to receive abolition petitions, but to
lay them on the table without debate.
The previous question was then called, but
there was no second.
Th* motion of Mr. Dromgoole, to postpone
the further consideration ot the subject until
Tuesday next, then came up, and the yeas and
nays were ordered. The result was, ayes 88,
nays 102, So to the subject was not postponed,
Mr. Cave Johnson moved to strike out the
whole ot the a mend met of Mr. Dromgoole, and
substitute his resolution as an amendment to
Mr. D.’s amendment.
Mr. Dromgoole’s amendment was read and
Mr. C. Johnson temporarily withdrawing his
amendment, Mr. D. moved that his amendment
be printed.
A discussibn sprung up on this motion be
tween Messrs. Adams, Dromgoole and Chap
man.
Mr. C. Johnson moved the previous question
on the motion to print. It was sustained, and
the motion to print was adopted The House
then adjourned.
©Ouontflc anU Sentinel.
AUGUSTA.
FOR PRESIDENT,
HENRY CLAY,
OF KENTUCKY:
The Farmer of Ashland—the Patriot and Philan
thropist—the American Statesman, and
unrivaled Orator of the age.”
“Let me not be misunderstood—and I entreat
that I may not be misrepresented. lam NOT
advocating the revival of a HIGH PROTEC
TIVE TARIFF. I AM FOR ABIDING
BY THE PRINCIPLES OF THE COM
PROMISE ACT. 1 am for loing what no
Southern man of fair candid mind ever yet de
nied—giving to the country a revenue which may
provide for the economical wants of the Govern
ment, and al the same lime giving incidental pro
tection to our home industry.'"— Speech of Henry
Clay in the U. S. Senate, March 1, 1842.
TUESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 27.
Court Martial.—The Court of Enquiry
for the trial of Brig. Gen. Geo. W. Summers
and Major Dancy Adams, was organised yes
terday morning, composed of the following offi
cers:
Major Gen. J. W. A. Sanford, President,
“ “ R. M. Echols,
“ “ W.B. Wafford,
Brig. “ Jno. N. Williamson,
“ “ L. H. Featherstone,
“ “ Robt. N. Bledsoe,
“ “ D, M. Bums.
Judge Advocate—Jas. Gardner, Jr.,
Provo. Marshall—A. C. Caldwell,
Clerk—Jos. B. McKinnie.
Having completed their organization, the
Court adjourned till 10 o’clock this morning.
Mississippi Whig Convention.—The in
domitable Whigs of Mississippi held a State
Convention at Jackson, the seat of Government,
on the sth inst., for the purpose of nominating a
Whig Electoral ticket, and the transaction of
other business, essential to the success of the
Whig cause in that State. The Hon. Edward
Turner presided during the deliberations ofthe
Convention.
The following gentlemen were nominated
as Electors;
John I. Guion, of Warren county,
Peter B. Starke of Lowndes county,
Alexander B. Bradford, of Marshall county,
T. Jones Stewart, of Wilkinson county,
Isaac N. Davis, of Ponola county,
Henry Gray, of Winston county,
A large Committee of Whigs from each
county in the State, was appointed, whose duty
it was made, not only to canvass their own
counties, but all parts of the State that they
might be able to visit, f in advocacy of Whig
principles, from the present time until the No
vember election.
Great animation prevailed in the Convention
—addresses werp delivered by several of the
most eloquent W higs in the State, and among
them 'Mr. Prentiss—and the opinion seemed
generally to prevail that the State would in No
vember be placed in a glorious position, notwith
standing the double mildew oi Repudiation and
Locofocoism under which she is now suffering
in character and prosperity. Heaven grant
that there may be a green spot exhibited in that
great political and moral desert!
The China Mission.—The “National In.
telligencer” ot Friday, the 23d inst. says
Letters received from India by the late arrival
at Boston from England, give information that
Mr. Fletcher Webster, Secretary to the
China Mission, arrived at Bombay, in the brig
Antelope, on the 11th of November, after a
passage of ninety-one days from Boston, with
out disaster or accident. Mr. Cushing, the
Minister, met with some delay and hinderances
in Egypt and at Aden ; the English steamer in
which he was having run aground. He arrived,
however, at Bombay, in good health, on the
15th.
The Mission was treated with great respect
by the Government (British) at Bombay. The
troops turned out, with the Commanders of the
Army and Nayy at their head, to receive the
Minister, and every honor was shown him.
The Mission proceeded with the United
States squadron on the 29th of November for
China.
Property of Women.—The Rhode Island
Legislature have passed a bill, to protect the
property of married women.
The Creeks have passed a law expelling from
the limits of the nation all white men who play
at cards whether they have Indian wives or
not.
Altered Bills.—We were shown a one dol
lar note of the Bankof the State, which had been
ingeniously altered to a five, by pasting the
letters and figures of five over one, in several
places on the face of the note. Among a num
ber of bills, the deception would not be observed
perhaps, but if held upto thelight, lace outwards,
the original letters and figures are at once legi
ble.
We learn, also, that Southwestern Rail
Road Scrip, of the denomination of one dollar,
are in circulation, altered to three—and the
to sl|. The public should be on their guard,
and detect the imposition.— Charleston Courier.
Van Dieman Land Prisoners.—S. S.
Wright and Aaron Dresser, two citizens of
New York, who participated in the insurrection
in Canada several years ago, and were tried
and sent to Van Dieman’s Land by the British
authorities, have returned to their homes by
way of London, after an absence ot , four years.
These men were released, with several others,
for general good conduct.
They have published a letter in the New York
Tribune, in which they state that fifty four
Americans are stiil in Van Dieman’s Land.
The Truth.—The New York Standard, a
Cass paper, says:—“ It is folly to shut our eyes
upon the truth. Each mail comes loaded with
evidence that the masses of the Democratic par
ty are unwilling Lo trust its destinies to the
availability of Martin Van Buren.”
F. C. Taylor.—The Cleveland Herald
states that the Grand Jury of Lorain county,
have found sixteen bills ot indictment against
H. C. Taylor, late editor of the Oberlin Evan
gelist, to most if not all of which, it is under
stood he will plead guilty.
jJ-The Common Council of New York have
supplied themselves with gold pencil cases, one
or two each, at the city expense, under the item
of Stationary.
The Ice King in Danger.—We called
yesterday at the Boston Insurance Office to see
a model of a boat and machinery, tor removing
ice from harbors and rivers. The invention is
by Mr Samuel Nicholson, of this city, and
consists of a simple arrangement ot one ot the
most powerful levers in mechanics, with a
new and effective form of cutter. This simpie
machine may be so constructed as to be put on
and off any steamboat, at pleasure. Mr. Nich
olson feels confident in the opinion that a steam
boat, fitffid with said machinery, may cut a chan
nel thirty feet wide, through the thickest ice we
ever have in our harbor, at the rate ot four miles
per hour. He thinks a steam ferry boat, with
his machine attached, may keep our harbor, in
all its navigable parts, entirely free from ice,
through the severest winter. The invention has
been examined by numerous scientific and nau
tical men, and but one opinion is expressed of
its probable efficacy in accomplishing the object
so necessary to our winter navigation.— Boston
Atlas. •
Mr. Choate. —The Boston Daily Advertiser,
notices the current statements in the newspapers
that Mr. Choate is about to resign his seat in
the United State Senate, and contradicts them.
•We are glad to be able to say," says the
Advertiser, “ that they are unfounded.’ The
professional services required by his present
office, may have induced him to propose resign
ing it; but we are assured that he entertains at
present, no such intention. For some weeks
he has been constantly occupied in the very
laborious preparation tor the trial of the impor
tant controversy between this Commonwealth
and Rhode Island ; but that case is postponed
to another term.”
WEDNESDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 28.
The hardest kind of Harmony.—The
Harrisburgh Argus, once the leading paper, at
the seat of government, of the peculiar “ de
mocracy” of Pennsylvania, con tinues boldly to
“ speak out in church” against the nomination
of Mr. Van Buren. A lew days ago, we copied
an article from that paper, as an evidence ot the
“ union and harmony” that prevailed in the Lo
cofoco ranks, and also as a specimen of the
truth which, at the eleventh hour, we were get
ting from the radical editors. We give below
another article, in the same vein, from the Ar
gus. It will be seen that the editor’s spunk has
in no wise abated, but that he is determined his
party shall hear the truth, “ nolens volens.” The
chances of success for Van Buren in the key
stone State are certainly very promising!
“ Was there ever such a combination against
any candidate, as is now forming against Mr.
Van Buren'! Without the slightest confidence of
success by any of his friends, his opponents are
flushed with the expectation of a victory far
more commanding than that of 1840. How dif
ferent is it now with the Democratic party, com
pared with the contest that preceded the election
ot 1840. Then, all was confidence. Then, the
whole Democratic parly—North and South —
East and West, was united upon him. Then,
the Democratic party had never been defeated
with any candidate for the Presidency, before
the people. Then, the people—the masses—
were willing to merge all little prejudices
against Mr. Van Buren, and go in for his se
cond election. Then, the whole patronage of
the Government, wielding an immense power,
was exerted in his favor. How is it now, let
us inquire in the spirit of frankness ? There is
now no confidence in his election, and without
confidence, no party can succeed in this coun
try. Many of the leading and most influential
men of tlie Democratic party are breaking
ground against him. and whether right or
wrong, there exists a prejudice against him
among the masses. He has lost the patronage
of the Government, which was of so much ser
vice to him before. He was defeated fora se
cond teim, with his measures before the people,
and is now a candidate for a third time. There
has been too much effort with the leading politi
cians, by caucuses and early conventions, to
push him upon the people before they were rea
dy to act, and this has more or less displeased
the people. And let us inquire, where is the
man that voted for Mr. Van Buren before, that
will vote for him now? We have been unable
to find him. What then are we to infer from
these positions? Are we to destroy the Demo
cratic party for ever by rushing madly into this
fearful—this appalling contest? Our first
thought was the same when it was proposed to
run Mr. Van Buren, that our second thought is
now, when his nomination is seemingly certain.
But we have never said a word against Mr.
Van Buren, personally or politically. We
were amongst his earliest supporters, and have
admired the man. The success of the Demo
cratic party, and the permanency oi Democrat
ic principles with us, are far above all personal
considerations about men. Have we spoken
too strongly ofthe danger before us? Have we
pointed too vividly to the prospect of defeat, as
we see it thickening around us ? No ; it is
before a nomination that we should speak the.
truth, and be governed by discretion,
“ What, then, should be done 1 Let the Dem
ocratic party reflect—pause, before it is led to
the brink ofthe precipice, and even there be
controlled by that wisdom that will keep it from
plunging into the abyss,”
Squally this, certainly, for the “ retired gen
tleman” ot Kinderhook ! But Mr. Van Buren
is a “ man of many expedientsand although
the confidence of a portion of his supporters
may begin to totter under these repeated as
saults upon his “ popularity with the people !”,
he will certainly maintain his ascendancy in
tfo “ Democratic National Convention” at Bal
timore—forthat, after all, will be the body look
ed to by the great mass of the Locofoco parly
for a candidate. If not elected himself, he is de
termined that no other spurious “democrat”
shall be 1 “ Aul Casar, aut nullus is the Kin
derhook motto I But llqit our readers may see
that Mr. Van Buren’s friends can give jokes as
well as take them, we copy from the N. Y. Ple
beian, the following account of t)ie election in
that city of a delegate to the Convention called
at Philadelphia by “the honest men of all parties"
—heaven help us! —for the 4th of July next. It
will be seen from this that the sugared words are
not all on one side—and that “the union and
harmony” of these modern “ men of principle,
according to’ their interest," is, as we have said
at the top of the very hardest kind!
The Last Movement of the Disorganizers—
Another Delegate “ Fresh from the People."— We
have seldom witnessed a more ludicrous, though,
at the same time melancholy spectacle, than
was presented by the farce of “ Electing a Dele
gate fresh from the People,” which came off,
with very little applause’, at St. John’s Hall last
evening. Those who got up the miserable
affair, must have felt exceedingly mortified at
the ridiculous attitude foey were 'obliged ‘lo as
sume on the occasion. Their evident uneasi
ness and dissatisfaction at the pitiful result of
their mighty effort to turn the course ofthe popu
lar current, moved us with unspeakable com
miseration. But the scene was so tmly farcical,
that, despite our compassion for the actors, we
could not help being amused at their confusion
and embarrassment. They were conscious that
the play was to be ultimately damned, and yet
such was their position, they were obliged to
struggle, to the end of the farce, through the
difficult parts which they had inconsiderately
undertaken! The number of persons, including
actors and spectators, were, we sincerely aver,
from having actually counted them twice, less
than eighty, And these eighty persons ejected
a delegate to the Philadelphia Convention—as
they call it—to represent the Democratic Repub
lican Electors of the Third Congressional Dis
trict, comprising the first, second, third, fourth
and fifth Wards ot the city of New York! This
is another evidence of the beauties of the Dis
trict system —this is what is called, by these
gentlemen, “ coming fresh from the People."
From the foregoing specimens—which are by
no means isolated ones, but have been picked up
at random—our readers can j uflge of the feelings
which prevail among the radical party, and the
“ union and harmony” which is likely to attend
and give vigor and effect to their action at the
polls 1 For a party styling itself, impudently,
the popular paily, it presents the strangest array
of bickering factions and squads that ever under
took to do battle with a great political brother
hood, like that of the Whigs, animated by a
unity of purpose, and consonance ot feeling and
opinion, that our party contests harp yet given
rise to. Who can doubt the result, it the Whigs
prove true to their principles, and faithfully dis
charge their duties as citizens?
The vacant Judgeship.—The Washington
correspondent of the Courier & Enquirer says
that “great exertions are being made by the ad.
ministration and the personal friends of Mr.
Spencer to change t)ie yiewp of Senators in re
lation to his nomination as Judge, with tne view,
if it can be made probable, that he will pass on
his re-nominationbut that it is all in vain.—
We hope so. There are plenty to choose from,
without puUing so improper an individual upon
the bench of the SupremeCourf. We have had
injudicious appointments enough under Jack
son, without adding to them under Tyler. It is
time that men should be chosen because of their
fitness for the office, and not becausq of the fit
ness of the office lor them. The people would
suffer less from having the office remain vacant
for a year than from having it badly filled for
many years. If, therefore, Mr. S. is renomina
ted, we hope the Senate will again do its duty.
And this hope we express, not because of hos
tility to that gentleman, but because we feel
convinced that he is disqualified, from his pe
culiar temperament, to make an impartial judge.
His temper and his feelings would, beyond a
question, run away with his judgement.
The wholesome fear of the press has, so
nearly a fortnight, kept the rowdies of Congress
in awe, if it has not held in check the dema
gogues. These latter, in a republic, it is impos
sible wholly to subdue, unless it be by the strong
common sense of the people. But we find that
the impudent bully Weller is again recovering
from his temporary subjection to decency—as
evidenced by his conduct when Demagogue
Burke presented the Tom Dorr memorial—and,
in all probability, we shall soon have a renewal
of all the disgraceful scenes that have charac
terized the present Congress.
nr A writer in the Edgefield Advertiser, who
signs himself “Many Planters,” recommends
as a candidate for Governor of South Carolina,
the Hon. William Aiken, of Charleston. Mr.
A. is a gentleman of good standing, and a
wealthy planter: but we hope that one of the
writer’s reasons for preferring him, to wit, that
he is no “ book planter,” is unfounded. No
very favorable opinion of his intellect could be
funned, if this were true. We infer from the re
marks of the editor of the Advertiser, however,
that Mr. A > s a ** we!l a * a Faeliial agri
culturist
U The following article, by a writer for the
Richmond Whig, will apply to other States be
sides Virginia. ft is wholesome doctrine for
the whole land. There is a great quantity of mis
conception abroad in the country relative to the
tariff. Let the question be thoroughly examin
ed—let it be thoroughly understood—and oppo
sition to it will cease, just in proportion as cor
rect information in reference to it is dissemina
ted.
To pronounce a tariff act, for other purposes
than the mere creation of a revenue, unconsti
tutional, is easily done. To prove it so, may
turn out to be no easy job. Words may be mul
tiplied—but words without substance are of
little moment. One unmistakeable fact is often
times more than a match for whole regiments
of bustling theorists. It is neither to be turned
aside nor upset by the fiercest hurricanes ot
windy theory. At all times when due regard
was had, in the exercise of the sovereign pow
ers of government, to the rational protection ot
home industry and home interests, the people
have been contented, prosperous, and happy—
and as a natural consequence, virtuous and
honest. Whenever this policy has been de
parted from, the reverse has been the case. We
pretend not to explain the operation—or to point
out why this has been so. Wo content our
selves with stating a fact. Each man can
form his own opinion in the premises for him
self. Two systems are offered for his accept
ance —the one having for its object the just pro
tection of home intfieMs; the other looking to
some undefined good that is to be derived from
leaving them at the mercy of foreign legislation,
foreign regulations, and foreign enterprise and
capital. Let the voter choose between them
but choose understanding!}-.
The Tariff.—The Tariff, by stimulating
domestic industry, increases the supply ana so
lessons the price’of the protected article. By
this operation the manufacturer and the con
sumer of his articles are equally benefi’ed. By
another operation ot the Tariff'the agricultural
interest alone is greatly benefited. It at once
increases the demand for and diminishes the
supply of agricultural products. Thus bring
ing a two-tbld influence to,cp»ra»e in the en
hancement of price. This effect is produced
by directing the application ot capital anil labor
to manufactures, which but for a protective
tariff, would be applied to agriculture. With
draw protection, and all now engaged in manu
facturing would cease to be consumers, and at
once become producersof agricultural products.
The effect of this upon our great staple produc
tions, cotton and tobacco excepted, has not been
sufficiently estimated.
In 1840 there were engaged in manufactures
in the U. Stales 4£f!,661) persons. To feed these
persons, allowing them the same which every
Virginia planter allows ip, his slaves 3.f bbls,
per annum each, would
If withdrawn from manufacturing, they would
be engaged iq agriculture, and would produce
for market, each, upon a very moderate calcula
tion 20,bb15., amonqiiug. to 9,133,200 bbls.
The value of all the products exported from
the United States in 1840, was $91,000,000, to
this add the demand of the manufacturing dis
tricts say $50,000,000, and you have an aggre
gate supply oi *141,000,000. Now suppose,
(and the estimate is far beyond the proper
.amount,) that one fourth of this amount was
bread stuff, the corn and wheat of Virginia, and
you have the entire supply of bread stuff 83,525,-
000. Corn in Va., in 1840 sold at 83 pej.bar
rel. At that price the manufacturer--ftisumed
84,704,930, nearly one ok fourteen per
cent. If the dece&ffi so pwe were exactly in
proportion tq foe decrease in demand, there then
wotijd have been a decrease in price of 14 per cl.
or 42 cents on every barrel of corn. But the
ratio of decrease in price is greater, than that of
the demand. To be certainly within bounds
say 20 per cent, or 60 cents on every hapie'
These persons withdrawn Irqm maquiacluxes
would have produced, and increased the supply
9,133,200 barrels ecu,4to. $27,11981,G00, or 77 per
oept. Ajtfocrqaselri the supply of 77 per cent.,
would at a very moderate cump<Uatiun diminish
the price 30 per cent or 80 cents, upon each bbl.
The Virginia farmer has but to look at, and
study this subject, inorder to learn that he is in
debted for at least one half of the price of his
com and wheat, to the protective Tariff.
The right to protect its domestic industry
against foreign competition and foreign policy
resides with every nation- it is ah at tribute of
sovereignty, and fosepaijabfo fpom it. Tffiey
camjqj exist apart. Tips right, before txe foi
matjon of tlje 'Federal (topstiUttian, .belonging
to tjie'several States, Euoh could protect its
own peculiar imposts against the other, and
against the world.. Each eould impose what
duties it pleased upon the commodities of the
other, or of the wort I, imported into it. In
separable from, it is also coexistent with sove
reignty. Therefore the right still exists. It
was in the States 1 for they were sovereign. It
is in them still—or thej- Lave delegated it away
—or it is newhere. The last cannot he, beqguse
it must exist while sovereignty cjfoure.'j. The
first cannot be, beoauseby. the' 10th section of
the of ihd Constitution the Stales
have'voluhtarily and expressly deprived them
selves of it, Then the second hypothesis must
be true. The Stales have delegated it. To
whom? Can there be two opinions? To the
Federal Sovernment.
It may be asked in what part of the constitu
tion is the grant to be found. I answer in the
grant to Congress ot power “ to lay and collect
taxes,” &c. There is not a word here about p<o
tection. True. But here is granted me means
and the only means o| protection against foreign
competition and foreign policy. And the grant
of a right so use the ptjjly. nieans fompeient to
the accomplishment' ol an end, necessarily,
inevitably carries with it a grant of the right to
accomplish the end itsplj. This view isentitled
to consideration, and to influence, in construct
ing the limitation upon the power to lay duties,
&c., granted by the constitution to Congress.
Without that limitation the power to lay duties
would be unqualified, and duties might be laid
for any purpose. That limitation then, alone,
restricting the unqualified exercise of the power,
the power may still be exercised to any extent,
not plainly forbidden and restrained by the terras
of the limitation. The onl y restriction, which
can, by any fair interpretation of the tends‘of
the limitation, be deduced i‘om U,'is, that no
greater aqiount Os duties, <ic., shall be laid and
levied than may be required for the necessary
expenditures of the government, ar in the lan
guage of tho limitation itself “to pay the debts,
provide for the common defence, &c., of the
United States.” Qualified by this restriction
the power may be exercised in any manner to
accomplish the legitimate end of the granted
means.
To suppose the existence of a sovereignty,
without the right of protection, is to suppose a
palpable contradiction. 'J’he entiresovereignty
of this nation is iqthe Stafos, and ill the Federal
Govdriitiient: the reserved in the States—the
delegated in the Federal Government. All that
is pot reserved, in the Eederql (foyprnment.
The right so impose pfoiective duties is not in
the States, jt was, but it is po|, Then it is
not reserved. Not being reserved it is delega
ted, and is in tl.e Federal Government. The
clause of reservation in the amendments to the
constitution does not affect this argument. For,
by the constitution itself, the States have ex
pressly denied to themselves this right—have
expressly said that this right is not reserved
Locofocoism is consistent with itself in
all violations of the Constitution and the laws.
When it was determined by the present radical
majority in Congress, to trample down both, in
declaring the general tickij members eutniyd,
to their tieiiis, and ol ju >i<.»is vyero i'.tiscd
to these members voting for themselves, the dif
ficulty was got over by taking the question upon
each individual, and allowing all the others,
whose seats depended on the decision, to vote for
their colleague 1 True, jt would have made no
difference as to the general result. The matter
is only referred to, therefore, as proving the totaj
disregard for all laws of right or propriety which
influences and controls the locolocos, whenever
party interests come in contact with the Consti
tution.
Connecticut iif the FieldJ —The Whig
Young Myn of Connecticut had a glorious
gathering on the 22d inst. It wasenZy about
ten thousand strong! Some of the towns sent
immense delegations. Norwich fifty, carriage
loads. Avon sent every Whig voter in the
town but two; but Bristol bore off the splendid
banner offered by the Whigs ot Hartford to the
town sending the largest delegation—she having
two hundred and ninety-three delegates om the
ground! This was the whole number of votes
given in the town for Harrison in 1840.
The Convention was addressed by several
able speakers, and among the number, Senator
Morehead, of Kentucky. In the course of his
remarks, this gentlemen assured the Conven
tion that the tariff would not be repealed this ses
sion ; which declaration was received with im
mense applause.
Sound and truthful resajutioiw were adopted;
and the Convention qdjaurned to do its duty at
the polls.
The election is held on the first Mqhday in
April. We now venture to lay claim to the
State in behalf of the Whigs, •
TS" “ Handsome Merino Shawls are now
manufacturqj itt the vicinity of Philadelphia,”
sqys an exchange paper. “ Better send ourmo
ney abroad and buy a foreign artiele!” will
doubtless mutter tho fret trader.
Manchmt£h Spinners.—The following call
for a meeting of Manchester Spinners and
Manufacturers, and the communication of one
of them to the Manchester Guardian, have been
so frequentlyreleried to in the Commercial In
telligence by the late steamer, that we publish
them entire. What will be the result ot this
meeting, and the influence its action may exer
cise upon the value of our great staple, time
alone will develop’ It occurs to us, that this
single circumstance, (when we reflect with what
facility these Manufacturers and Spinners form
combinations for controling and regulating the
value ot colton all over the world,) should be of
itself sufficient to convince the cotton planters,
and the whole Southern people, of the necessity
of fostering and sustaining our domestic manu
factories, that we may not be so dependent upon
the Mancheskg Spinners lor the price of the
raw materialWWe make this suggestion, with
all due deterge, to those cotton planters who
have heretofore violently opposed the protection
of American Manufactures, and commend the
subject to their calm and dispassionate reflec
tion, as one worthy of the most mature con
sideration.
A meeting ofthe Cotton Spinners and Powier
loom Manufacturers is requested at the Arcade
Rooms, Ducie-'l’lace, Exchange, on Tuesday
next, at three o’clock precisely, to take into con
sideration the best means of warding off the
danger to the cotton manutacture by the rite
speculation going on in Liveniool.
Manchester, 2rl February, 1 844.
To Hr. Colton Spinnersand Power-loom Mann
faclureis of Lancashire, Cheshire, and York
shire.
Gentlemen, —How suddenly disappointed is
the prospect we anticipated three or four months
ago ol a steady ami progressive improvement of
our great staple.manufacture, which we expect
ed would not only have yielded regular and full
employment to oar operatives, but a moderate
remuneration totheiremployers. Bythe report
ed short qiop of American cottoa, and the ex
tensive speculation that has followed, it is to be
feared that the prices ofthe raw material will be
so much increjts&k that it must ultimately tend
to the want ofojßkient employment, and con
sequently of wages, as well as to
the district.
Deafly b* ug^fexperienee has clearly demon
strated, that noromy cheap provisions, but cheap
raw materials are indispensible to the real pros
perity of this district; but it may not be too late
to counteract the great and threatening evil
which it is evidently the interest of every con
sumer of colton to do. If the reckless specula
tor is permitted to add 2d. to 3d. per lb. to the
cost of import, increasing the price of our staple,
so as to raise it above the market price of any
of our foreign markets, it must ultimately tend
to complete derangement, and will evidently, in
the end, drive us to short lime, after we have
wasted a great portion ot capital; but this will
not be till the s|>ecuiator in America and Liver
pool have realised and pocketed their 2d. to 3d,
per lb., without sinking capital in machineryor
toiling long days in the manufactory.
Now let us face our enemy at once, while it
yet remains in our power: in “ union isslrength.”
Let us not be fleeced as before, and faughed at
as fools; let us one and all enter am<> an agree
ment to “blow out our lights” on and after the
I2th instant, and prove as short
as at present reporteti.'toito light up agaia. till
the Ist DecetnlhLt next, unless the next crop
should be pieved large. I would nex t propose
that only spin five days in the week in the
Jive-summer months (during this.sh.ort time, so
as tv add a per centage to thq- operative’s earn
ings,) from May until September. By these
means we shall at oßpe. stop speculation, and
give it such an blow as to make it be
remembered fox years; we shall keep prices
steady; outre peral ives in regular employment,
and pteveiH. those violent fluctuations so de
sj»acuve to honest trade; but if we are igno
iiant,ofQu,v own interest and go on at full swing,
enabling the speculators to realise enormous
profits at our own cost; it we do not go to. short
time till necessity compels usj then will the
speculator chuckle over his gained by
our loss. Ifwestudyoqi; q,wr. interest,as well
as thegood ofthe whole community, we have
now the power iamm hands to decide whether
or not we will suffer men to live at our expense
and tlia jofop r work-people,and ofthe vast mass
o.(others indirectly connected with the trade, as
1 dyers, printers, bfoqchers, &c.
1 Tljere ipnuoccasion for this great advance ot
the price of cotton; on the Ist of January we
had nearer nine than eight months’slock of cot
ton. The great increase of demand for fine
' numbers instead of coarse, (which lias reduced
the weekly consumption of cotton from l,3Uo>to
1,500 bags, as can be proved by individual con
sumers,) will continue for several months, at
least, from orders already given, if not for the
whole year. It is a notorious fact, that the fall
ing off in the consumption by power looms, is
owing to so great ?, proportion oi 7-Bth looms
hitherto in weaving domestics, being
now to <-8 light printed cloth, as well as
Qq, 9r?. shirting looms, being now engaged in
weaving 7-8 printers; whilst others ot the same
suit are engaged in weaving Jaconets, —by
which they consume less than half the former
weight of eotlon. If men, we should have, an
import of only 700,000 bales American, it will
befoundample; as it is probahfothat our pre
sent consumption is not
per week. To accomplish any public good
there must be indjyidupl,sacrifice. It will only
be present SRqsi^cq; in the end it will be grolit.
Let it ro( be qaifl we have individuals, amongst
us that cate not to sacrifice the interest of a com
munity, so that they may benefit themselves.
: Tlie writqr has nearly eleven months’ stock
ofcotfon, mostly bought in September; a con
tract for coals for eight months, at very much
below the present price; as many orders as he
wishes to take; yet such a horror has he of the
state ot things trom which we have only latterly
emerged, when cotton yarn and cloth, was
comparatively at the same price, that he will be
the first toqoin such a union. Every spfoper
and manufacturer 1 will realize m/qy by five
days’ work, with cotton at q moderate price,
than with six days and w(iMqouon at the specu
lators’ price. Look yack on that time and state
of trade, with yotjtoi) al high prices, and com
pare i| with what it has been sines, with cotton
at a moderate' price. You have now onlj’ to
> make a choice as you have the option, whether
you will expend your labor and strength st r
yourselves, or tor a class of men who have
again and again thrown the whole of our locali
ty into derangement, and marred the prospects of
both masters and operatives.
A Spinner ANDMANUFAGTyuBR.
Manchester, 2d February, 1844,
New York Spring Elkctions.—The town
meetings in the SPWaI counties o( New York,
for tj'.a flection of town officers, are now goiag
. on. The results of these petty elections are not
' always conclusive of the political character of
the State—but they afford pretty good data upon
wlifoh so base calculations as to the general re
sult of an important fall election. We have not
had r< turns from all the counties, but so far as
they are received, they are very gratifying, and
indicate, if we are good judges, an increased
energy, confidence and strength, on thq. part
of the Whig. All that is to se
cure the vote of lais important State for
foe fjghi cause, is, that the Whigs should be
fully aroused. The town meetings show, at
least, that they are fur from being asleep.
The last Step !—The ot'the lower
house of ksi'e been going on from
Um iu q-tiix', ever since its first organization.
Having trampled on 0.l r- :e, so far as they could
do so touching matteis connected wjfo their
own body, they have at length mhraeed the
miserable treason of tb? demagogue Dorr. It is
a congenial Vumness, however, for those who
haye impudently violated the Constitution, as
regards the election of sundry members of their
own body, now to make common cause with
those who were for thrusting aside the Consti
tution and the laws in Rhode-Island. “A fel
low feeing makei us wondrous kind!” is a,
paying which the locolocos of the tower hoixin
of Congress may with much truth repeat,
Massachusetts.—A large Whig C onven
tion was held at Boston, on ths2lst ins' Henry
Clay was nominated as the choice o f Massa
chusetts for the Presj-wncy, and “ ’Honest John
Davis for the Vice-Presidency subject to the
decision qf the National C<w ent ion.
The Convention v;as jasr suc h a one as might
be expected to tnpet in, Massachusetts, in
every respew.
Melancholy i.c ss of life, —The dwelling
house of Dr. Spencer, at Bethany, Conn., was
' destroyed by fi\ e on t p e goffi inst.; and in at
tempting to save his two eldest sons, whose es
cape was cut off by the flames, the Doctor, as
well nr t ti e children, lost his life. His wife and
fore’',, younger children barely escaped death.
£> A Valuable Cargo.—The ship Moselle
arrived at Boston from Havre on Thursday,
brought a cargo, of which the invoice amounted
to s9oo,ooo—duties $270,000.
A bill has been presented in the Legisla
tion of Pennsylvania to prevent travel on the
Canals and Railroads of that State on the Sab
bath.
Gas Light.—ln Christ Church, Cincinnati,
the light is concentrated at a single focus, and
by reflectors thrown over the entire church
This style of lighting, common in Europe, but
new here, is said to produce a very fine "effect.
THE WHIG BANNER. (
°
-11 U - 71
v
fcr M r
W~ ~~
■
The Proprietors of the Chronicle & Sentinel
beg leave to announce to their Whig friends,
that they will, on the first of April, commence
the publication of a Cheap Weekly Paper, un
der the above title, to be continued till the Pre
sidential Election. It will be devoted exclu
sively to the discussion qf the Political Topics
of the day, and be of the same size as the Daily
and Tri-Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
TERMS.
1 copy, SI <)<!>
G copies. S O'U
12 do IO OO
25 do 20 OO
100 do 75 OO
A Prospectus will be issued in a few days
and sent among our Whig friends, who a .re re
quested to interest themselves in obtaining sub
scribers. *
Augusta, February 1, 1844.
ei—w~—
THURSDAY MORNING, FEBRUARY 29.
Locomotive Democracy! —We are a inong
the numberof those who believed that iheprin
ciples of democracj’ were fixed—that they were
landmarks in the political world, that could not
be moved without doing great violence to the
rights of all who claimed a share in the inheri
tance of freedom. But it seems that in enter
taining such views as these, we are sadly be
hind the intelligence of the age! The princi
ples ot democracy no w, as is authoritatively
put forth by the radicals of Ohio, are locomo-
tive! The col or of the chamelion, indeed, is
not more cha'jgable! This is very convenient,
however, in. one respect. No man who wishes
to be considered a “ democrat” of the modern
order, need give himself any trouble about that ,
trifling qualification called consistency. All he
has to. do is, to adopt the views of “ the party”
for the time being, as set forth in some ac
knowledged" organ of the concern, and straight
way he is “ an original democrat, dyed in the
wool”—anil belter still, an “ unchanged” one!
That our readers may understand, as well as
we ourselves do, this political legerdemain, by
which the “democratic” ball is made to charge
from cup to cup, according to the conceit of the
principal conjurer, we shall make a few extracts
from the doings of the “democracy,” as they
style themselves, of Ohio.
In the address of the Locofbco Convention,
held at Columbus, on the Bth of January, 1828,
the following passage occurs:
“ The incouragement of ilomesticmanu)actures
and home industry, is a grand national, o bject,
and has been pursued by the different adminis
trations of the Federal Government, (with one
exception,) until the present, with more perse- 1
verance than most other public interests. It i
has been lecommended and supported by many
of our greatest and best of men, and in the
speeches and messages of our former Presidents !
(excepting those of the elder Adams) as a prom- 1
inent subject for the particular attention of the ,
national legislature.”
Now this was flemocracy in 1828, as appears ,
from the address of the Representatives of the ,
“ democracy” of Ohio of that day. But -that
t here may be no rsistake on the subject, we give, ,
in addition, some of the toasts that were drank
at the supper- which closed the proceedings of
this body, on this anniversary of their political
Saint’s Day,” which was then, for the first
time, celebrated in that State :
“8. The American, system —Deeply interwo
ven with the true interests of our country an.d
our independence—may we not only support it
by words, but by deeds.”—B cheers.
“9. The Tariff bill—The second Declarat;ie<n
of Independence, adopted in 1828—may it be, as
successful as that of 1776.”—9 cheers.
“11. American manufactures—They s-il l be
encouraged by every friend to American in, lus
try.”—icheers.
“ 15. Commerce—A charming dauglrtr r of
Agriculture and Manufactures—beamier anff
worth will secure admirers for their protee tion.”
—5 cheers.
This is certainly pretty plain talk; ami if our
old fashioned notions concerning the tune hanga
bleness of democratic principles were within
gun-shot of being correct, we couM ver y easily'
form an opinion as to what were the’.flews of
“ the party” in Ohio and elsewhere, at this day.
But see how wide ofthe mark we shot tldcomo
if such a strange way of arriving at the princ i
plesof an “ unchangable party’* -were adopted ?
We quote now from the address. of the “demot :-
racy” of Ohio for 1844.
“ The democracy, (say the authors of this ad -
dross, and they are speaking in the name of the
party' generally,) arc opposed to a high protea lit >e.
tariff, because it confers special and exclus iv.s
privileges upon a lew. the manufacturers, not
awarded to the many eciyaggd in other pursu its.
Because government has no right to impose a
tax on the majority ofthe people for the bent fit.
ofthe minority.” Because “a protective la
riff increases the prise of articles of consump
tion. whether imported or manufactured in th as
country —while at the same tiific it diminishes
the value of articles of production and export; l
tion.” “ Ths consequence of this mad, corrupt,
and suicidal policy, is, that the markets of tins
world are pytially closed 4 against the produets
of labor.” Because the power to pay taxes,,&c.
“was granted to the government by the Consti
tution, for the sole purpose of enabling it to-pro
tect itself and to pay its debts!"
Here is a wheel about that would be altoge’ *
ther inexplicable, were it not for the convenient
doctrine concerning the mutability of the dem
cratic principle put forth in the annexed suit’' c | e
from the “ Citfoingati Enquirer,” an ack now .
ledgedqxpcsi tor of the views of the r no( j ern
dompcracy, which was formed for the express
purpose of relieving the party from: e c ;' ar .- e
ot inconsistency brought against i during the
progress ot the political „ n of 18z|:i
What a happy thing it is, w, b<d/ >n ® to such a
pM»y ! It is impossible- to be-tgr jf (heflo w .
ings and ebbmgs of -lie dww t//e tides are 0I lly
watched closely:
“ The m;\n who Dn mocrat twenty-fi t'e
years ago, an.; enteilauw the princip | e /„ t , ( y,
that die pa-.tv did twawyV 1V< _ h & ■
no progre sed w„ tlw ' but romaine 1
stationary, m /U >t, Mt , yta „ bciund tk t
times and. the parly. J J
-'He is not a Demaar „ t Nay, the mar .,
who Stands in relalw ato some prin J c ’ iples now
Where-he Democra j c party did only ten years
ago ls i? not a,dam.<x .rat now' You must change
youi grouafo It.- uu wou u |, e esteemed adem
ocrat is 4. , \' JU inus t abandon a portion of
your super a „ nv Twenty -seven years
ago, ua ,816,11 ,e Democratic party, in Congress,
Wav', the democratic administration ot Madison
■—'Established a Bank ol the United States. A
' arge portion of the party supposed such an insti
tution constitutional, and all appear to have
thoughts its charter sound policy—and it was not
till near twenty years after that the party changed
its principl esin regard to a Bank. Ityouthen en- ■
tertain the same principles which you entertain -
ed in common with the party twenty-five year s
ago, in relation to this question, you are now i n
favor of a Bank of the United States to be cha’ r
tered by Congress. If you are you cannot be a
De mocrat of 1843, though you were in 1816-1 8.
Ten years ago, the party in Ohio, were in fav or
of State Banks, and actually, granted, by acts of
Legislature, many charters. You doubtless t ,e
--lieve in common with the party in those Ba nk
doctrines, you acted with the party. But t ,he
democracy ot Ohio are now opposed to the m.
If you still adhere to yourpolitical faith of 18 33,
in relation to these matters, you are not a dei no
crat now. Twenty-five years ago, the Democr otic
partv —the whole country—justified and : sus
tained a High Tariff. Fifteen years ago, 1 828
to '33, the party, as a body, sustained the Pr elec
tive Tariff of 1828—yet the party as a party -, is
now opposed to a Tariff lor protection. If you
stand, in reference to this question, when : the
party did, twenty-five or only ten years ago , you
are not with the party now. I might con tinue
this contrast between the present and fi neign
position of the party, upon other questions . But
the contrasts upon the subjects of a Ns .tional
Bank, State Bank and Tariff are sufiici ent to
sustain my position, that one cannot be a demo
crat now who entertained the same opini ons he
did twenty-five or even ten years ago, a Ithough
he may then have acted with the party, r mdbeen
lor that day a good democrat.”
Two large spots on the sun are t ,aid to be
visible now with a small glass. The largest is
said, by an astronomer, in the Ph iladelphia
Ledger, to be 148,000 miles in diam eter. We
sheuld call that considerable ot ast oot.— Put
Nevertheless, it is said, and with truth, that
the “sliding scale” of duties on Cottons, and /
other articles of domestic consumption, from 50 (
to 250 per cent., gives our manufacturers a mo
nopoly oflhe home market, and makes the con- I
sumer pay 50 per cent, more for Ike article than he
would be required to pay under a moderate Ta
riff.—N. Y. Sun.
The neutral Sun is “ very sorry” to heat the
tariff styled “ black”-’-but nevertheless attacks
it as above: not in a manly way, however, but
by an “it is said.” And yet, notwithstanding
the tariff givesour manufacturers ” a monopoly,”
according to this same Sun, that paper, in the
very article from which the above paragraph is
taken, admits, (but under another “it is said,”
we are bound to state,) that “ money is pouring
into the public coffers,” and “ the government
and commerce benefited,” in consequence of
the great quantities of foreign manufactures
that are pouring into the .United Stales! And
in another eolumn it is expressly stated, that
“all the packet ships have full freights; not
goods the surplus of manufacturing establish
ments sent out tqjook for a market, but goods to
order!” We do not believe it would be possi
ble to pen a more full and complete refutation
of the “monopolizing” chaige against the tariff,
than is furnished bj r this same pretended neutral
paper, or that would show more clearly, that
all the outcries against the tariff are made more
for political effect than for cause. In view ot
the facts given by the Sun, we do not wonder
that it is driven to admit, that “ under all cir
cumstances, therefore, it would seem to be pru
dent to take up our Tariff law calmly.” And
further, that “ all that remains for us is to con
tinue prudent in our importations and cautious
in our credits, and - we shall have, beyond a
.doubt, a most prosperous commercial season."
Having elected a Whig President, and a new
Congress, in which men of judgment and sound
political views shall outnumber the demagogues
and tthe jacobins, we also shall be in favor of
“ taking up our tariff law calmly,” and ifany of
its pro visions are then found to be unjust or op
pressivt *, have them modified. In the mean
time, w<» think that even the neutral Sun has
snown, that it ought not now to be t rached.
Why Not?—The Yazoo Whig says the
Legislatu. ’e of Mississippi have passed a resoj
.ution, gi •anting permission to Richard S.
Graves, the absconding Slate Treasurer, to re
turn to ths tSi ate. And why should they not
also restot e hinn to office I He only pocketed
some few thousands of the public money—that
being the way he “ construed” the law guard
ing the tntasujty. And according to the doc
trine of tin •. dominant party of the Mississippi
Legislature, as set forth under the defaulting
system of the Van Buren administration, he
must be “ gorged” —therefore the very best man
again to be put in charge of the people's mo
ney, because the netv treasurer might also wish
to pocke t his share ot “ the spoils.” , And “last,
though n ot least,” w e think the morality and
honesty < if the default! ng treasurer harmonizes
most adn tirably with t hose of the Repudialors
in genera. 11
Penns’ zlvania Debt. —The Pennsylvania
Legislatu re have at length madea movement in
reference to their public dt ’bt. A bill has been
reported it t the lower house, to provide the ways
and mean sfor punctually paying the interest on
her bonds , and all other charges upon the trea
sury. Fen.- the arrearages of interest, and all oth
er indebtedness of the State, aiiearages of loans,
See., bonds at 6 per cent, payable in 1849, or
sooner, at tiae pleasure ot the State, are to be is
sued. An addition is made by the bill to the
rate of taxation; new species of property for tax
ation isna med; additional measures to ensure
equal asses sment and prompt collection and pay
ment of th. : taxes are taken ; and the election of
a Board ot ’ Revenue Commissioners provided
for, whose draty it will be made to look special
ly to the fu Ifilment of the provision last named.
Great redo ciions of the expenses of the govern
ment and i nthe management of the public works
are also pt tovided for.
The relii if notes are to be provided for in a
separate bi 11.
“We ui iderstand it is computed (says the
North Arne rican) that if this bill pass, as it will
have all the current revenue available for meet
ing the cur rent expenses, all the arrears of debt
being prov ided for as above stated, the revenue
receivable, from current taxes, and arrears of
past year s, with the income of the public works,
will be a.dequate to meet the dividend of interest
which tv ill be due in August next; and that the
new taxe s will go into operation in season to
furnish st ifficient revenue for meeting all sub
sequent dividends, together with all appropria
tions for current expen dilutes which shall be
made by law.”
-&The Yankees are “ ct,' rr y in " the war into
Africa,” itswouldseem. An ex change paper says
that " nearly every shop in To ronta,»(Canada
West,) is supplied with America. 11 eottoD g°°d s -
One house in that city purchased b W/100 yards
last fall.”
John Ball will grumble louder yet ai 'srM
tariff!”
£> T'he Governor of Pennsylvania h ** di
rected an election to be held in the Pittsb
District!, on the 15lh of March, to supply the ,a "
cancy ; >n the Congressional Delegation occasioi
ed by the resignation of Mr. Wilkins, lately ap
point© d Secretary of War. This is a Whig
District, and a Whig will doubtless be return
ed. ■
Mr s. Gaines.—A Washington correspondent
td the N. Y. Express writes under date of the
21st; “ The Supreme Court this morning gave
an o' pinion in the Will of Mrs. Gaines.
The opinion is understood to be favorable to
Mr ~ G., but is not a final disposition of the
sut.jec:—the Court having returned the case to
this Court of Louisiana, with instructions.”
The “ London Plan!”—A drunken fe
rnale in Philadelphia, a few days since, per
suaded two litt(e children, about six years of
age, whom she met in the street, to lake a walk
with her. She led them to some distance, and
then commenced begging—passing the children’
off as her own, and as aportion of a large family,
&e. In the course ot some hours she got intoxi
cated, when the children began to cry, and be
ing interrogated, the truth came out. The chil
dren were restored to their parents, but the wo
man was suffered to escape.
Bankino Capital.— From some statements
made by the Chairman of the Committee on
Banks, in the Massachusetts Senate, it would
appear that it is contemplated to increase the
Banking Capital of that State about 51,700,000
Progress op Morals!—They had a ruffian
ly prize fight, lately, in the vicinity of New Or
leans, between a rowdy ot that city and another
from New York; and some ofthe New Orleans
papers seem to claim a little “glory,” because
their blackguard won the fight.
fj»The Locofocos are consoling themselves
1 in reference to their total defeat in Maryland, by
saying that “it is nothing new!” No—nor ve
ry likely to be, for a twelvemonth to come.
Present of French Books. —We learn from
Che National Intelligencer that Robert Walsh,
in Paris, has received lor the National Institute
at Washington, from the French Minister of
Commerce, the eight quarto volumes of French
Statistics, published by his Department. Mr
Walsh is in doubt how to manage for their
transportation.
Rapid Sailing.—The New York Courier &
Enquirer says“ The Ann M’ Kim, Capt.
Vasmer, arrived yesterday, has made three
passages between New York and Canton, fully
laden each way, since the 15th of last February,
that is, in 12 months and 6 days. She was ab
sent fwm Canton but 6 months and 25 days,
and taken in full cargoes at
this port in the interim.”
More Mills. —An exchange paper states
that five Cotton Mills are about to be erected in
the vicinity' .of Baltimore. At this rate, we
shall soon hav.“ less occasion to look abroad for
the ruling price of Cotton. When half the
American crop Js worked up at home, cotton
affairs will assume a different aspect from what
it is now.
The steam plough has been introduced in
Scotland for ploughin g in morasses and boggy
land where horses cannot be employed. i
Annexation or Texas.—The “ National In
telligencer," of Monday, has the following notice
of the recent story, told by the New Orleans Re
publican, in relation to this subject, and which
was copied by Us a few days since:
“ An unaccountable delusion appears to exist
in Texas, and to some extent also in the city of
New Orleans, respecting the prospect of an im
mediate annexation of Texas to the United
States; and the most absurd stories on the sub
ject are confidently published as news, botu in
Texas and at New Orleans—by whom devised,
and for what purpose, whether of wanton mis
chief or interested speculation, it is difficult to
imagine. Os the latest of these stories—alto
gether destitute of foundation as to reported oc
currences at the seat of Government ot the
United States—we took a brief notice in our
last. The particularity of the story, as told in
some of the papers, would be laughable if the
subject were not too grave to make a joke a
bout.”
Money Market. —The New York “Com
mercial Advertiser” of Saturday afternoon, the
241 h inst., says!
The apprehensions entertained a few weeks
since of an increased inquiry for money, and a
consequent advance in the rates of interest, seem
to have wholly passed away, and money is now
offered as freely as at any period within the last
year, and at almost as low rates. Several of
the banks discount paper at four percent, and
the opinion is becoming general that, as the
season advances, and the cotton crop is fairly
under way, money will become more abundant
than ever.
The ciange which has so suddenly occurred
maybe attributed inparttolarne sumsof money
coming here from other sections oflhe country,
in consequence of the course pursued by our
banks during the latter part of January, in order
to prepare for their quarterly statements. It
was no doubt considered by them that the calling
in of large amounts of loans would not only
enable them to make good statements, but also
to take advantage of the temporary demand,
thus created, permanently to advance the rates
of interest.
It is by no means the first time that the bank
managers of Wall street have found themselves
mistaken.
Confirmed.—The Albany papers state that
the nomination of the Hon. Samuel Beardsley,
for a Justice of the Supreme Court, of the State
of New York, in place of Judge Cowen, deceas
ed. has been unanimously confirmed by the
Senate of that State.
JjpAccording to a list in the Norfolk Bea
con, there are one hundred and eleven steam 1
ships of war in the British Navy. This is rath
er a powerful force.
Wire Bridge.—An iron wire biidge, sixty
feet long, has been constructed across the
Miama canal, at Race street, in Cincinnati, at
a cost ot 81650. This is the first wire bridge
erected west of the mountains. Competent
judges think it will bear, with perfect safety, a
weight of 150 tons.
Jj- It is said that the freight list of the steamer
Hibernia, on her recent trip from Liverpool to
Boston, amounted to 810,000. The receipts of
the trip from freight and passengers are $28,000
Maryland.—The New York Tribune sug
gests that Maryland has found away of settling
all differences as io the comparative merits of
general ticket and districts for ehoosing mem
bers of Congress. Her plan secures the ad
vantages of both systems, and the Tribune
commendsit to the Whigs for universal adop
tion.
Remarkable Presence of Mind. —The Nor
walk (Conn.) Gazette relates an incident which
occurred in that town a few evenings ago, ex
hibiting the most remarkable degree ot presence
of mind and cool intrepidity in a ch Id, that we
have ever known. A company of lads, of ages
from about 8 to 12 and 14 years, were amusing
themselves on skates, on what is known as the
Triphammer Pond. One of the younger of the
company, a son of Milton Durand, in the course
of his sports was carried into the water, and at
a depth too, beyond his reach. The fate of the
poor little fellow seemed inevitable. He sank
and rose, and no help appeared. The first
thought which occurred to his companions was
to throw him a sled belonging to one of the num
ber, that he might grasp it, and by th»ir holding
the string, he might be drawn out upon 'the ice.
The application for the sled, however, was re
fused. At this crisis a son of Mr. Stiles Curtis
started ashore for a rail from the fence. This,
however, required time, and the applicant for
the sled, a little son of Mr. James W. Hyatt,
deemed the first thought the best, and determin
ed to put into execution. He therefore tackled
in with the owner, and, a la Weller, knocked
him down, seized the sled, and with the prompt
ness and decision which seemed to mark his
whole conduct, threw it to his companion, and
safely drew him from his perilous and drowning
situation. The young hero told the story with
all the simplicity of a child, and said his com
panion had risen for the last time.
We shall hear again, says the New-York
American, at some future day, of that glorious
boy; for such traits ofcharacteras he exhibited,
will make their way to fame and honor.
But of that other and opposite nature, that
refused the use ot a sled, lest it might be lost, to
save a perishing comrade, we may hear, too,
in the shape of some grasping miser—some
brutal task master—some hard hearted, petty,
selfish, wilful tyrant.
Mormon Difficulties in Illinois.—The
Quincy Herald of the 9th instant states that four
wagons passed through that place on Tuesday
previous, on their way to the State arsenal at
‘Alton, for the purpose of procuring arms to be
used against the Mormons. The difficulties and
the prospect of an immediate breach between
the citizens and the Mormons has been brought
to the knowledge of Governor Ford, and he has
been earnestly appealed to to maintain the peace
and to protect the innocent. The state of exas
peration between the Mormons and citizens is
euch that we will not be surprised to hear of ac
tual hostilities at any time, quite as violent as
f 0 ’merly existed between them and a portion of
our own cilizefis.— St. Louts Republican.
Covisterfeit Bmt-s.—We were yesterday
shown a fifty dollar counterfeit note of the Bank
of Georgetown, No 171, fetter A., payable to
Benjamin King, dated 4th May, sign
ed D L. M’Kav, Cashier, and J. W. Coach
man President: The plate is to badly executed
that any one who is at all a judge ot counter
fens would at once detect it. The signature of
the Cashier is well done, and the President
tolerably so, but the filling up is wretchedly
bungled.— Char. Cour.
From Nantucket al last!—The Boston Tran
script says:—Col. Hatch’s Express, arrived at
New Bedford yesterday from Nantucket, via
Wood’s Hole, reports that the Sound is now
clear of ice. it is nearly four weeks since any
advices of any consequence have been leceived
from the “ice bound isle.”
The sloop Portugal, which brought Col.
Hatch’s express also brought 24 mails.
From Barbadoes.—l&y a late arrival we have
intelligence from Barbadoes to the 30th ult. The
only matter of any moment mentioned Jn the
B ridgeport papers is that two shocks of aiFearth
quake occurred on the 19th in Grenada No
3a mage was done. The accounts from Tnnt
dad mentfe i that an earthquake was fell there
also. — Fluid. Amer.
Anecdote.—The Boston Post says that a couple
•oi’ foreigners, who had never the pleasure ot a
sleigh ride, decided to indulge in that amuse
ment, while sojourning at the Trawont House,
a while ago. A sleigh was ordered eccordtng
lv and tbev were asked if they would ha ve one
or tw o Buffaloes '! “ Why,” satd one of them,
very innocently, “as we are not used to this,
sport, 1 think one buffalo will be as much as we
can manage, unless they be very tame.
A Bureau of Statistics and Commerce.—
Congress has adopted a resolution offered by'
Mr. Pratt, the object of which is to inquire into
the expediency of establishing, in connection
wish the Treasury Department, a bureau of
statistics and Commerce ; that is, to ga'her in
formation connected with the agriculture, come
merce, and manufactures ofthe country, and to
reduce it to convenient tabular form, so sys
tematized and simplified as to make it easy of
reference. The statistics thus furnished would
’ be invaluable, not only to facilitate, but to se
cure enlighted and correct legislation.
New Core for Drunkenness.—The follow
ing singular means of curing habitual drunken
ness is employed by a Russian physician, Dr.
Schreiber, of Brzese-Litewski. It consists m
confining the drunkard in a room, and furnishing
him, at discretion, with brandy diluted witn
two-thirds ot water; as much wine, beer ana
coffee as he desires, but containing one-thi
brandy; all the food —the bread, meat, &c.■
steeped in brandy and water. The P oo f.. 7
is continually drunk and rferf. 1 t
of this regimen lie has an extreme dr■ -
brandy; he earnesty requesfeother d e , I ut
desires must not be yielded to til ,be .P a ?
wretch no longer desires to eat or d r ‘ nk ’ ’
then certainly curedot drunken
ne.? He acquires such a disgust for brandy
that'he is ready to vomit at the very Sight of it
—The Chemist-
H 8 Tanner, Esq, the Geographer, formerly
of Philadelphia, and now a resident of New.
York has tLu elected an honorary member ol
the Royal Geographers’ Society of Berlin.
A. great Body of Snow.—The ground is
now burdened by about three sees of snow upon
a level aud well packed by gentle rains and,
warm suns. On the hills west it is well ••ek
ed up” for the Mnfiw.—Ncrthampton (AJass.)i
Courier.
From, the New York Courier <f" Enquirer.
Very Late from Canton.
The fast sailing ship Ann McKim, Captain
Vasmer, arrived last evening from Cantcn,
bringing dates to November 9tl>. This is twen
ty-nine days later than was received by the over
land mail and nearly ninety later than were
brought by any vessel direct from Canton. The
papers aie in a great degree filled with detailed
regulations concerning British Trade and other
official papers of no great interest.
The Canton papers contain an abstract of the
Supplementary Treaty. It declares that all For
eign countries whose subjects or citizens have
hitherto traded at Canton, shall be admitted to
the five ports of Canton, Fuchowfoo, Amoy,
Ningpo and Shanghair, the five at which British
vessels are allowed to trade. British subjects
are allowed to buy or rent ground or bouses—
provision is made lor a mutual surrender oi
criminals.
The following is an extract from a letter, em-
Nov'T lh<! important intelligence, dated
“ tremendous fire has occurred here in the
neighborhood of the foreign factories, which in
the short space of 10 hours swept away 1500
buildings—among them were the Dutch and
French Hongs. We felt almost sure at one
time that our own factories would go and every
thing was removed into chop-boats on the river.
Messrs. Russell & Co. had the advantage of /
100 coolies from Howqua’s Hong, who quickly
and safely carried into the boats upwards of
300,000 dollars in silver, as well as all other
valuables in the Hong. The fire was most for
tunately stopped before it reached the American
factories.
A few days since another fearful disaster oc
curred—A large Cochin Chinese ship in the
river, which came here with tribute for the Chi
nese Empire, suddenly blew up with a tremend
ous explosion which shook all the buildings
and the great city. The unfortunate ship was
dashed to atoms and nearly all the people killed.
The number is said to be from sixty to one hun
dred. It is not known in what way the fire was
communicated to her magazine.
Fires are very frequent now and the city is
greatly infested by thieves and incendiaries, so
that the strictest watch is necessarily kept.
There is no Fire Insurance here, so that it is
certainly very hazardous to keep goods on hand,
and also, to trust much money to the Chinese
who may be ruined in an hour by fire.
We are all waiting anxiously tor the Com
missioner Mr. Cushing, although it is probable
he will not get to Pekin, unless at the expense
. of the friendly feelings which exist towards
Americans from the Chinese Government, which
' I hardly think he will do.”
Macao, Oct, 28, 1843.
Fire al Canton.—One of the destructive fires
which occuralmost annually in Canton during
the cold and dry season, occurred on Tuesday
and Wednesday last, and we regret to say en
tirely destroyed the Danish and Spanish hongs,
and a portion of the French. The fire was first
observed from the factories, at between six and
seven o’clock ot Tuesday evening; it was then
at a considerable distance, in a northwest direc
tion from the factories, but the wind blowing
also from that quarter, it soon assumed a threat
ening appearance. The flames spread with
great rapidity, and extended over a vast extent
of the suburbs of the city. The foreign hongs
by about midnight were in imminent danger,
and it was at one time feared that the whole of
them would be destroyed. A little after mid
night the fire reached the northwestern-most fac
tory, and soon spread along the whole of the
Danish and Spanish hongs, and new China
street, which were totally destroyed, and had the
direction of the wind not most providentially
changed to due north, little doubt can be enter
tained that all the other hongs would have shared
the same fate. The wind averted this calamity,
and drove the fire towards the river, destroying
everything inis way until exhausted from want
ot further fuel on the river’s bank. At about
six o’clock on Wednesday morning it had near
ly burnt itself out, and was not completely under
by eight. According to Chinese accounts,
about twelve hundred houses are said to have
been destroyed, with a vast amount of property.
The ancient temple of Pak-tai-meun, dedicated
to the God of the North Pole, shared the fate of
its humbler neighbors. Fortunately the fire had
given sufficiently timely warning to the inmates
of the foreign factories to enable them to save
their treasure and most valuable effects, and the
night was spent by them in removing them to
boats on the river, which was effected with little
or no molestation, some pilfering of course ex
cepted. From the shipping at Whampoa the
flames had been seen, and the boats of H. M.
S. Dido, underthe command of the Hon. Capt.
Keppell, were without loss of time sent to the
scene ot the disaster, containing about 160 men,
including 26 marines. Most of the merchant
shi|»s also sent their boats and crews, the first
of which from American vessels reached Can
ton at about 3 o'clock in the morning.
I'he Dido's men and other ship’s crews were
employed in protecting the property that was
being shipped off; there were of course, as is
always the case on such occasions in China, a
great number of thieves present, who tried to
profit during the confusion; one of them was
caught by a marine in carrying off some plun
der, but on being seized struck the marine 'with
a dagger, slightly wounding him in the face,
and was shot dead by the marine. The Chinese
soldiery and police mustered also very strong;
and summary punishment is said to have been
inflicted bv them on a considerable number ot
offenders.' By this cal amity the foreign commu
nity at Canton is now reduced to between six
and seven hundred hongs only, which are of
course altogether insufficient for their necessi
ties. It is much to be hoped that a great por
tion of the ground cleared by' the fire will be
bought by’ foreign merchants and their houses
erected thereon, particularly that part where
stood formerly the many eating houses, leading
down to the river’s edge, and which have all
been destroyed. The British Consulate was
burut out, but the papers were saved.
From Vera Cruz.—By the brig Petersburg,
Captain Larkin, at N York from Vera Cruz ,
from which port she sailed on the 23d January,
information had been received by lhe British
steamer Firth, which arrived at Vera Cruz on
the 18th ull. from Havanna, that the affair be
tween England and Mexico in relation to the
insult to lhe British flag, had beer, settled by the
Mexican Minister i:i London making an am
ple apology ; in addition to which, on the arri
val of Mr. Bankhead, the new British Minister
to Mexico, now on his way there in a ship of
war, the s id flag is to be hoisted on the castle
ofSanjuande Ulloa under a royal salute. It
was currently reported at Vera Cruz that Santa
Ana would approve of lhe arrangement. — Cour
<f- Enq.
Naval.—We have been favored by’ a friend
with the following extract of a letter received
from an officer of the U. S. frigate Savannah,
dated,
Rio de Janeiro, Dec. 26th, 1843.
Our ship arrived here on the Iffih, having
made a very long and disagreeable passage of
sixty days. Such a continuance of rains and
calms 1 never experienced before, and those on
board who have been in these latitudes before,
say, that they never saw such weather for so long
a period. Found at Rio Janeiro, the frigate
Columbia, and several French and English
men-of-war.
Our ship has proved herself to be as fine a
vessel as any of her class in our service, and I
may say afloat, both as to comfort and speed.
Ourtables have always been set, she not lurch
ing enough to capsize a tea-cup, and what is
more surprising persons on board who never
saw salt water before this voyage, were not the
least affected by sea sickness.
As to her speed, I do not believe that there is
a vessel afloat that will beat her sailing on a
wind with a good top gallant breeze. The most
that she has made is 11) knots to the hour. Off
the wind sh ■ is not dull, going ten and eleven
wilh a good breeze; even then lhe ship was un
der disadvantages, being two feel and a half by
the stern when her trim is nearly even keel.
We are to sail in the morning at daylight. The
Warren arrived 61 days from Norroik.— Sav.
Georgian.
The colored man Jones, who asserted
that he was free, and in whose behalf Mr. Gid
dings presented a memorial to Congress, we
understand has been claimed by his master from
Virginnia, and yesterday returned home with
him. Jones at first professed to be entirely
upacquanted with his master, but upon the
latte;' sending home for persons and papers to
prove hio indentity, he acknowledged to the
keeper of the prison that he was his master, and
he was restored to him forthwith.— Washington
Spectator. ‘
Ma. Wilkins.—A correspondent ol the
York American, writing from Washington,
says :—Mr. Wilkins is rather a lucky man in
the wav of political prizes. He is a Pennsyl
vanian as you know-a Tariff man, and a Van
Buren man-yetgoes in as oneol an Anti-Ta
riff Anti-Van Buren administration. He js ap
ex-Senator. ex-minister to Russia—and now an
ex-member of Congress—and in a short year
will be ex-minister of War. “Come likg
shadows, so depart.”
The Buffalo Commercial Advertiser repre
sents the laborers on the Welland Canal as in
the most deplorable condition. The nnmberof
unemployed men are in a state of little less than
actual starvation, and what is worse their con
duet tpwgrds each other is so brutal that not
withstanding J heir frightful sufferings the peo
ple along the line have lost all sympathy for
them.
Locusts.—A flight of locusts passed over
Bombay and its harbor in November last, sev
eral hundred feet above the earth, appearing
like a dense cloud floating in the air. From
the space of time the mass occupied in passing,
it is imagined they extended at least ten miles.
Some time in the proceeding month, a large
body of these insects alighted in the Deccan,
about one hundred and fifty miles from Bombay,
consuming the vegetation fbr miles round.
Many of the superstitious natives were appre
hensive this visitation was a forerunner of a
famine or scarcity; but all the crops were
housed, and a most abundant supply of every
kind of grain secured notwithstanding.
The stock of Cotton in the city of New York
wps estimated on the 16th iust. at 152,000 bales,
and has been increased since.