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wfekliJ & jmrtmel.
r <siJ) SERIES, VOL. LIX.
' ■ THE CHRONICLE* SENTINEL
IB VUBLieHED DAILY, TAI-WEEKLY, AND WEEKLY
i BY J. W. 4 W. S. JON ES.
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FRIDAY MORNING. APRIL 11.
! " There was a moderate tall ot snow in New
Zz York anti Philadelphia on Sunday morning.
I' At Boston, on Friday, the ground was covered
with snow to the depth ol two inches.
’ The steamer Great Western, which is to leave
; New York for Liverpool on the S? Ith instant,
has already one hundred of her berths engaged.
U. The Legislature of Missouri have passed a I
.»■ law dividing that Slate into Congressional dis
» triets, but so outrageously Gerrymandering it,
.hat every district is made decidedly Lkolo-’O.
jMfr’rbe ' Kewbnryprrt Herald says :—The
stock in the James Steam Mill,
sold at auction in Boston, on Thursday,
v at the Regular stock sale, for 3 s percent, ad
vance, and was taken in one lot. We under
stand the purchasers were Messrs. Thomas H
Perkins, T. W. Ward, Ignatius Sargent and
Francis Skinner.
The New-York correspondent of the Phila
delphia American says it is now stated with
the fullest confidence,that Gov. Jackson will not
liberate Dorr except requested by the Law and
Order Legislature.
Another mammoth cotton factory is about to
be erected at Gloucester Point, New Jersey.
Four vessels arrived at New Bedford, on
Tuesday Ist inst., with 10,720 bbls, ol sperm and
whale oil.
Texas Cotton.—The increase of the growth
of Texas cotton is as follows: In 1836, 500,000
pounds, in 1838, 1,400,000; in 1839,2,200,000;
in 1840, 4,000,000; in 1842, 8,000,000 ; and in
1845, 10,000,000 by estimate. This however,
is but a small part of the cotton raised there.
These amounts were taken from the returns of
cotton imported into New Orleans, entitled to
debenture. But much ot the Texan cotton
went through the Custom House, at New Or
leans, all passing there as American cotton. A
hundred thousand -bales is the estimated cotton
crop raised in TeYSsTn 1844.
£3-Extensive fires have been raging in the
pine_fojzsts of New Jersey recently, and the
L -severe gale there lately is said to have caused
a great spread ol the devastating element. The
value of the wood destroyed is immense ; seve
ral cottages, barns, outhouses,and a large quan
tily of fencing have been consumed; but no
lives have been test
. Flock.—Upwards ot 40,(XX) barrels of Flour
were sold in Lowell lasi year, for consumption
there and in lhe neighboring towns. This is
the way in which manufactories injure the
agricultural interest. What if we were depend
-2.>ntfoe caprice of foreign nations fora mar.
- kef for oUr surplus agricultural staples 7
’ £3" John Rutherford, Esq., has been np-
. pointed Attorney al Lam, for the “Merchant’s
Bank of Macon,” and B. H. Moultrie, E«q ,
has been elected Cashier, in his place.— -then
Telegraph,
All Fool's Day.—The Boston correspon
dent of the' N. Y. Herald, gives the following
'a practical joke, which was played
the sharp-witted Yankee*, on th- It
letter t« dale !on th" “I. ;o: .1 ■ ■
'.t as the note.) Ami! Foul Day,
■flit wa * nlal ' e ,he '»'»’» of one ol the tali-
of April Fool hoaxes that 1 ever saw.
HBMrthe morning a paragraph appeared in the
Times severely reprehending a proposed bull
fight which was to come off over ilie Bay at
East Boston in the afternoon of that day, and
under the direction of some Spanish adventu
rers. The statemeni had an off-hand, plausible
Air, calculated to suck in the green ones, and,
accordingly in the afternoon, some four to six
hundred of the verdant repaired to the ferry and
paid their sixpences to be wafted to the favored
shore. The grim ferrymen grinned in silence
anu 'look in’ their freight of asses with the most
c^nsutnm^ ,e equanimity. But they hawhawed
right out, eikl' they saw a posse ol some forty
nt Mayor Dav’ja' new “native” police march
ing down the whart, and by their untimely mirth
came near spoiling ifae joke. They, however,
recovered faces, and the spectators, police, &c.,
Westover to the grounds the former to see the
fun, and the latter to arrest the parties concerned.
Theyalf had their labor tor their pains, and the
whole town is at this moment convulsed with
the joke.” ,
Associate Folly.— A New Name for the
Country.—\i the historical Society of New
York had adopted a resolution to render itself
ridiculous, it could har.Uy ba/e hit upon any
better meansol Riving effect to its purpose, than
that which it has lately resorted to. It has be
come satisfied that our country has no name,
or at least no such name, as in its estimation
_ u ought to have; therefore the Society under
takes to find in new name a remedy for this speci
fied and .••articular, yet nameless evil.
The siiciCty proposes to give our country 11 a
specific geographical oar* e; and that which it
lays before us for adoption at the national bap
tismal font, is AlfegPanU, (to be pronounced
Algania,) as the most su’tabwi that the wisdom
and geographical feelings cf the members could
think of. Really I only think of iti Alleghania,
aiid.'T Alga ilia, as a substitute for ii'tct time-ho
nored name, “the United Slates,”a natue given
by the fathers of the Republic in a baptism of
fire and blood I
But what care the “savans” of the New York
Historical Society ibr this. Il one of them were
to cross the Atlantic, he would consider himself
rather indefinitely described if called an Ameri
can—bo extensive islhe continent, and a “United
States-er” would not be sufficiently euphonious
to suit his taste; and on this account he would
fain have his county re baptized, even at the
hazard of getting rid of some of the patriotic re
< collections connected in the mind of the whole
vworld with the old and honored name.
How a Society that ought to be somewnat
matter of fact io character, should become so ri
•dictilously fanciful, we can hardly conceive, un
less, indeed, some ot its members have been
borrowing some ot the Aboriginal imaginings
of Washington Irving on this and a kindred sub
ject. He, il we remember rightly, in one of his
fancifal moods, writing some years ago for a
Magazine—the Knickerbocker, we believe—
to change the name of the State ot
Slew York to that of Ontario; and we are not
•quite sure but he at the same time suggested the
•name for the United States now proposed to be
given to it by the above named society. It was
perhaps well enough for the imaginaliveessay
isl to thus endeavor to amuse his readers with
an ingenious dissertation on the namesof states,
towns, &c.; the cssav would be read, rather psr
liaps because of the prestige of the author’s
■name, than on account of the subject; but for an
association calling itself historical, and clairtms*-
>to be respectable
per se;
jSWryet more so by ordering
its Secretary to send letters toother Stale His
torical Societies and “eminent citizens” in diffe
:rent parts of the country, to secure th«irco-ope
jation in effecting the change of name, by bring
■jngtbe subject before the people.
We hope that no such silly, not to say unpa
triotic proposition, will be seriously entertained
q>y any such society or individual here, or else
-wh re. Our country has a name now, a good
na-tne, an honorable and honored name, one by
which she is favorably known to all ttie nations
<W tbeearth. It was given uribe countrv at its
national birth, and is recorded in the Peclara-
Hon of Independence and the National Constitu
lion. The people are satisfied with it, ana they
will laugh at the folly and absurdity of any se
—rious proposition to substitute another in its
'hegtb— Balt. Sun.
A wfih«once said to her .laughter, “ whet
you are ot'UH age, yon will be dreaming of i
husband.” “ Yes, mamma,” replied the thought
Uss hussy, "for a second time.'
——
From the N. Y. Courier <f- Enquirer.
ONE DAY LATER FROM ENGLAND.
The ship Republic, Capt. Luce, arrived on
Saturday from Liverpool, bringing usLiverpool
papers to the Bth uh., the day on which she
sailed, and a London Times of the 7th—one day
later than the previous advices. The papers do
not-contain any thing of interest.
The Times makes itself exceedingly merry
over a declaration by Sir Robert Peel, “that be
would come down, if it were necessary, what
ever his occupation might be, and would sit
there four hours a day, rather than see the House
come to such a resolution” as one prepared con
neced with railway jurisdiction.
It was reported that Mr. Gladston would re
turn to the Caoinet and hold an oilice in the Ad
ministration yet higher than thallrom which he
recently receded. He has, it seems, reconsid
ered the subject ot the increased grant to May
nouth College, and has intimated that he is pre
pared to support both that grant and the other
projected etiucatio' al institutions of a libera
constitution in Ireland.
From the London Times of Uh March.
Switzerland.—Our accounts trom Switzer
land come down to the 12ih inst'inclusive. The
Diet on that day divided on tl.e question “that
the Jesuits be expelled the Confederation,”
when the numbers stood thus—for the exclusion,
10 cantons and 2 halt cantons; against it, 8 can
tons and 2 half cantons. Two cantons (St. Gall
.md Geneva) declined .voting, but recommended
that the cantons in which the Jesuits had esta
blished themselves should be called upon to re- .
move them.
This decision leaves the matter unsettled, for
a majority consisting ol at least 12 canions is
necessary to render valid any vote. The con.
sequence may therefore be regarded as mena
cing, although we leatn from our private letters
that the Jesuits themselves intend voluntarily
withdrawing from the States of the Confedera
tion. “As, however,” says our correspondent,
“ one half of the men 1 see are mad lor the mo
ment ; I should not be surprised il the free corps
were again to take the field. It is evident from
what precedes that the cantons which desire to
keep the Jesuits have not the majority, and they
cannot hope to obtain it; for even if St. Gall
and Geneva should at last incline to that side,
an equality of votes only could be the result.
It is probab’e, on the contrary, that'the cantons
which desire to seethe Jesuits expelled by the
Diet, will in the end gain the advantage. The
public mind is so vio ently agitated at present
in Switzerland, and particularly in the cantons
of St. Gall and Geneva, that it is difficult to
imagine that the Grand Councils of these Can
tons, which have given the instructions that
have been just followed, shall not find them
selves forced to act. But it will be sufficient
lor one ofthese States to join those desirous of
the general expulsion of the order to give the
latter the majority in the Diet.
State of Trade.
Manchester, March 7.—We have had a
continued good demand for all kinds of cloth
since Tuesday, and for some descriptions higher
rates. Though the commercial news by the
India mail is not deemed over favorable, still
we have large business doing for those markets.
Spinners are enabled to ob’ain a slight advance
ou previous rates, and still higher may be rea
sonably anticipated, as there are no stocks, nor
likely to be any for some time to come.
The Market.
Liverpool, March 7.—We have experienced a very
animated demand during the week for American Cot
ton, and an advance on pi ices current this day week of
|d, and on the middling and lower qualities |d. These
grades are much sought for, and meet with ready sale,
if of good staple and clean. The total sales for the
week amount to 71,5’20 oales, of which speculators have
taken 25,000 American aud exporters about 400 bales.
The import doling the week has been light, amounting
to 24,525 bales.
Stock this day, 773,830 ba1e5—530,430 American.
Same time last year, 627,440 ba1e5—430,220 American.
The average weekly quantity of Cotton taken by con
sumers out of this port this year to date is 29.800 bales ;
average last year 25.780 hales. The following gives
you the closing prices to-dgy, at which our market is
very firm : j*
Upland, Mobile. N. Orleans.
Inferior 3|
Ordinary 4 4 s
Middling 4j 48 4A
Fair.... 4|
Good fair 5 53
Fine s| 6a 7
Interesting Revolutionary Relic.
There was recently discovered among the pa
pers of the late Major John Joab Shoelmyer, an
ardent patriot of the Revolutjpn, the following
interesting document. It is a discourse deliver
ed by the Rev. Jacob Trout, on the evening be
fore the battle of the Brandywine, i. e. on the
11th of September, 1777. It was pronounced
before the main body of the American army, in
presence of (ven. Washington, Gen. Wayne,
and other distinguished officers ol the army.
REVOLUTIONARY SERMON.
‘They that take the sword shall perish by the sword.”
Soldiers and Countrymen;— We have met
‘this evening perhaps forthe last lime. We haye
shared the toil of the march, the peril of the fight,
and the dismay of tire retreat alike; we have
endured lire cold and hunger, the contumely of
lhe internal toe, and the courage of the foreign
oppressor. We have sat, night alter night, be
side the camp fire; we have together heard lhe
roll ol the reveille, which called us to duty, or
the beat of the tattoo, which gave lhe signal for
the hardy sleep of the soldier, with lhe eanh
lor his bed and the knapsack Ibr his pillow.
And now, soldiers and brethren, we have mei
in Hie peaceful valley on the eve ol battle while
lhe sunlight is dying away beyond yonder
heights, and lhesunlight that to morrow morn
will glimmer on scenes of blood. We have
met, amid the whitening tents of our encamp
ment; in the time ol terror and gloom have we
gathered together—God grant that it may not
be for the last lime.
Ii is a solemn moment. Brethren, does not
the solemn voice ot nature seem to echo the
sympathies of the hour ? The flag ol our coun
try droops heavily from yonder staff—the breeze
has died away along lhe green plain ol ChadU’s
Ford- the plain that spreads before us glitte
ring in sunlight—the heights otthe Brandywine
arise gloomy and grand beyond the waters ol
yonder stream—all nature holds a pause of
solemn silence, on the eve of nprqar and blood
shed and strife to-morrow.
“They that take the sword, shall perish by
the sword.”
And have lhey not taken the sword?
Let the desolated plain, the blood-sodden Val
lies, jhe burned tarm-house blackening in lhe
sun, the sacked village, and the ravaged town,
answer—let the whirenjng bones ot the butcher
ed farmer strewn along the fields of his home
stead, answer—let the starving mother, with her
babe clinging to the withered breast that can
afford no sustenance, let her answer with the
death-rattl: mingling with lhe murmuring tones
that marked the last struggle of her life ; let the
dying mother and her babe answer.
It was but a day past and our land slept in
lhe quiet of peace. War was not here; wrong
was not here. ~Frn vfl_and woe, and misery and
want, dwelt not the eternal
solitude of the green woodSs-Jtroje- the blue
smoke o/'lhe settler’s cabin, aniFgqtden fields ot
corn looked forth lrotn amid the of the
wilderness, aod the gladißtjsie othuiiran voices
awoke the silence ot the forest.
Now, God ol mercy, behold the change (Un
der the shadow of a pretext, under the sanctity
of the name of God, invoking lhe Redeemer '-to
their aid, do those foreign hirelings slay out
people. They throng our towns—they darken
our plains, and now they encompass opr posts
on the lonely plain of Chadd’s Ford.
“ They that take the sword, shall perish by the
sword.” . „
Brethren, think me not unworthy of belief
when I tell you that the doom of the British is
near. Think ma pot vain when I tell you that
beyond the cloud that now enshrouds us, I see
gathering thick add fast, the darker cloud and
blacker storm of divine retribution!
They may conquer us to-morrow. Might
and wrong may prevail, and we may be driven
from this field, but the hour ot God’s own ven
geance will come!
Aye, if in the vast solitude of eternal space,
if in the heart of the boundless universe, theld
throbs the being of an awful God, quick to
avenge and sure to punish guilt, then will the
man George Brunswick, called King, feel in
his brain andheait, the vengeance of the eter
nal Jehovah! A blight will be upon liis life—a
withered brain and an accursed intellect; a
blight will ba upon his children and on his peo
pled Great God, how dread the punishment 1
A peopling the dense
towns where the man of money thrives whi'e
liu. laborer starves; want striding among lhe
people in all its forms of terror; an ignorant
and God-defying priesthood chuckling over the
miseries of millions ; a proud and merciless no
bility adding wiong to wrong, and heaping in
sult upon robbery and fraud; royally corrupt
to the very heart, and aristocracy rotten to lhe
core; crime aud y/ant linked hand in band, and
tempting men to deed* o' woeand death lhese
are a part of lhe doom and retribution that i-sto
come upon lhe English throne and the English
people I '
Soldiers—i look around upon your familiar
faces with a strange interest I To-morro w
morning we will go forth to the battle—for need
i tell yon that your unworthy minister will
inarch forth to battle! Need 1 exhort you to
fight the good fight, to fight for your homesteads,
lor your wives and children 1
My friends, 1 might urge you to fight by the
galling memqriesof British wrongs. Walton—
I 1 might tell you of your father butchered in the
I silence of the night on the plains ot Trenton ; 1
■ might picture his grey hairs dabbled in blood; X
might ring his death shriek in your ears. She!
mire—l mignt tell you of a butchered mother
and a sister outraged; the lonely farmhouse, the
night assault, the roof in flames, the shouts ot the
troopers as they despatched their victims, the
cries for mercy and the pleadings ot innocence
for pity. 1 might paint this all again, in the
vivid colors of the terrible reality, it 1 though!
your courage needed such wild excitement.
But I know you are strong in the might of the
Lord You will inarch forth to battle on the
morrow with light hearts and determined spirit,
though the solemn duty—the duty of avenging
lhe dead—may rest heavy on your souls.
And in the hour of bailie, when all around is
darkness, lit by the lurid cannon glare, and the
piercing musket flash, when the wounded strew
the ground, and the ueai. litter your path, then
remember, soldiers, that God is with you. The
eternal God fights tor you—he rideo on lhe battle
cloud, he sweeps onward with the march of the
hurricane charge—God the awful and infinite,
fights for you, and you will triumph.
“ They that take lhe sword, shall perish by
the sword.”
You have taken the sword, but not in the spirit
of wrong or ravage. You have taker) lhe sa ord
for your homes, for your wives, for your little
ones. You have taken the sword for truth and
justice and right, and to you the promise is—be
ot good cheer, tor your foes have taken the
sword in defiance of alt that men hold dear, in
blasphemy ol God —they shall perish by the
sword.
And now brethren and Soldiers, I bid you all
farewell. Many of us may fall in the battle of
to-morrow, God rest the souls of the fallen—
many of us may live to tell lhe story ol the fight
tq-morrow, and in the memory ot ail will, ever
rest and linger the quiet scene of this autumnal
night.
Solemn twilight advances over the valley; the
woods on the opposite heights fling their long
shadows over the green of the meadows; around
us are the tents of the continental host, the sup
pressed bustle of the eamp, the hurried tramp ol
the soldiers to and fro among the tents, the still
ness and awe that marks the eve ot battle.
When we meet again may the shadows of twi
light be flung over a peaceful land. God in
heaven grant it. Let us pray.
PRAYER OP TUP. REVOLUTION.
Great Father, we bow before thee; we invoke
thy blessing, we deprecate thy wrath, we return
thee thanks for lhe past, we ask thy aid fop the
future. For we are in limes of trouble, oh,
Lord, and sore beset by foes, merciless and un
pitying. The sword gleams over our land, and
lhe dust of the soil is dampened with the blood
of our neighbors and friends.
Oh I God of mercy, we pray thee to bless the
American arms. Make the man of our hearts
strong in thy wisdom; bless, we beseech thee,
with renewed lile and strength, our hope, and
Thy instrument, even George Washington—
shower Thy counsels on the Honorable, the
Continental Congress; visit our host, comfort
the soldier in his wounds and afflictions, nerve
him for lhe fight, prepare him for the hour of
death.
And in the hour of defeat, oh I Godot Hosts,
do thou be our stay, and in the hour ot triumph
be thou our guide.
Teach us to be merciful. Thoughthe memo
ry of galling wrongs be at our hearts, knocking
for admittance, that they may fill us with the de
sire of revenge, yet let us, oh Lord, spare the
vanquished, though they never spared us in the
hour of butchery and bloodshed.
And in the hour of death, do thou guide us to
the abode prepared for the blest; so shall we re
turn thanks unto thee through Christ our Re
deemer. God prosper the cause. Amen.
Effects of Heat in Arabia.—The quantity
of water drank in Arabia is incredible; as soon
as a visitor is seated he asks for water; after
coffee he asks tor more, and he rarely leaves till
he has siwallowed three or four mugslul, each
equal to the contents of a large tumbler. In
fact the transpiration is so there that one
is always thirsty. While the south wind pre
vails the water cannot be kept cool, and every
one feels unwell. This wind brings along with
it clouds ol dust, and causes a general prostra
tion ot the human frame; the very brutes ap
peas to feel its effects. The birds may be seen,
with open beak, seeking shelter, wherever they
can find it, from the scorching rays of the sun,
quitting their retreats with reluctance when
forced to go in quest of food. The horses neigh
and are restless; during the night lhe cries ot the
jackall are shriller and more prolonged than
usual, and the hair on a cat’s back stands on
end. It is at this period that numerous reptiles,
such r.s serpents, scorpions and centipedes, pre
fer to issue from their hiding places. Instances
of sudden death are of frequent occurrence at
Bassora, and are ascribed to lhe unwholesome
exhalations; but, in the cases of the Europeans,
they are generally caused by the excessive heat.
At least one half of those who have settled there
hrve fallen victims to the climate, and but three
persons are known who were not obliged to
leave the place after a very short residence;
namely, Mr. Manesty, Col. Taylor and the last
of the French Missionaries. A priest going
onedayin aboat to visit Mrs. Manesty, who was
a Catholic, was seized with congestion ol the
brain. A pers n employed y the British resi
dent, goingout alter breakfast and exposing him
self to the sun, was attacked by brain fever, and
committed suicide. Whenever i went to see
Mr. Murphy, during the excessive heats,l was
obliged to adopt the Arab costume and to wear
an enormous turban; but, in spite of these pre
cautions, the veins ot my neck swelled, the caro
tid arteries seemed ready to burst; my temples
throbbed, and my ears rung, as it were, with a
confused noise nt trumpets and clarions. On
my return home I hastened to the dark cellar,
in which the inhabitants of Bassora are accus
tomed to seek shelter from the midday heat. It
is termed sardap, and has no window; a sort ot
chimney, which is built as high as possible,
creates a current ot air. Its occupants are only
roused from complete inaction by the musqui
toes, which also find their way thither, and
against which they are obliged to wage war. It
is impossible to sleep, for the very matress,
when you remain too long upon it, becomes
heated, and causes considerable irritation. Were
it not the custom to receive visitors in the sar
dap, one’s only employment would be to per
spire and drink water. — Narrative of a Mission
to India.
The Glacier of Miage.—After struggling
for a long time amongst fissures and moraines,
I at length mounted a heap of blocks, higher
than the rest, and surveyed at leisure the won
derful scene of desolation, which might com
pare with that ot chaos, around me. The fis
sures were numerous and large, not regular like
those of the Mer de Glace, traversing the gla
cier laterally, but so uneven, and at such angles
as often to leave nothing like a plain surface to
lhe ice, but a series of unformed ridges, like the
heaving of a sluggish mass, struggling with in
testine commotion and tossing about over its
surface, as it in sport, the stupendous blocks of
granite which halt choke its crevasses, and to
which the traveller is often glad to cling when
the glacier itself yields him no farther passage.
It is then that he surveys with astonishment the
strange law ot the ice world, that stones, always
falling, seem never to be absorbed; that, like
the fable of Sysiphus reversed, the lumbering
mass, ever falling, never arrives at the bottom,
but seems urged, by an unseen force, still to ride
on thfc highest pinnacles of the rugged surface.
But let lhe pedestrian beware how he trusts to
these huge masses, or considers them stable.
Yonder huge rock, which seems “ fixed as Snow
don,” and which interrupts his path along a
narrow ridge of ice, having a gulf on either
"hand, is so nicely poised, “obsequious to the
gentlest touch,” that the fall of a pebble or the
pressure of a passing foot will shove it intoone
or th&splher abyss, and the chances are, may
carry lihn along with it. Let him beware, too,
how he tteads on that gravelly bank, which
seems lo offhr a rough and sure footing, for be
neath there insure to be the most pellucid ice,
and a light lockstep there, which might not dis
turb a rocking sipne, is pregnant wilh danger.
All is on the eve jJrmotion. Let him sit awhile,
as 1 did, on the .‘moraine of Miage, and watch
the silent energY < f the and the sun. No
animal ever passes, but yet the silence of death
is not there; the'.ice is cracking and straining
onwards the gravel slides overthe bed to which
it was frozen during the night, but now lubrica
ted by the effect o* sunshine. The fine sand
detached loosens thd gravel which it supported,
the gravel lhe little fragments, and lhe little frag
ments lhe great, tillk a,ler 50lne preliminary
noise, the thunder ot flashing rocks is heard,
which settle into the \bottom of some crevasse,
and all is again Travels through
rke Alps of Sar/w/.] J
Mosey Matters.-It*Bicknell s Philadelphia
Reporter of Tuesday Money in Philadel
phia is still sufficiently) abundant for al. purpo
ses of regular basineJ s - The Banks discount
wilh tolerable freedoi" 1 ?t s ’ x P er c . ent# . e
speculation in fancy I slocks was quite active.
Thousands of share* Girard Bank and Wil
mington Railroad cl| hands, and, towards
the close of lhe weeF> icksburg iook a start,
and large quantities were sold. Most of the
operations in these «|tocks were ot a speculative
or gambling character. A rumor, manufac
tured tor lhe purpose, will sometimes give a
stock an impetus t< > eitent o£ two or three
dollars a share— while some counter story,
equally well devis ’d, will have the effect of de
pressing it to an ei l ua ' extent.
Two persons, a nan and his wife, were found
dead in a sleepingt r "om in New York on Moa
| day morning. A i\'i'd person was in a dying
I condition when di Joveied. ft is supposed that
the cause ol death?»«’ the use ol ?, charcoal
1 fire in the room, Ailhout proper ventilation.
AUGUSTA, GA., THURSDAY MOR]®L, APRIL 17, 1845.
SATURDAY MORNING, APRIL 12.
. Cotton.—Our market continues active ant
1 prices are fully sustained.
Fatal Accident.—We learn that the pas
senger train of cars on their downward passage
on Thursday night, just above Camak, on the
Georgia Rail Road, passed over the body ot a
man, who in a state of intoxication was asleep
on the road, by which he was instantly killed.
His body was horribly mangled.
Secret Movements.—A Washington cor
respondent of the New York Courier says that
“ a sort »f agent” has been sent to Mexico—a
Mr. Parrott—to make some informal attempts
at a renewal of diplomatic intercourse; and that
lhe ex-P. M. General, Mr. Wickliff, is naw On
his way to Texas to help Mr. Donelson, and
Mr. Yell, and Mr. Plitt, and Mr. Waggaman,
coax the Texans into fraternization.
That one-wheeled Sulky.—The Petersburg
(Va.) “ Intelligencer ,” in reply to a colemporary
who expressed some doubts as to the existence
of such a vehicle, says:—We saw the Sulky,
and, in common with every one who did see it,
were convinced of its utility. It can be con
structed al less cost than any other description
of Sulky, and driven with safety and speed
over roads which would be impossible by the
ordinary Sulky. Mr. Ream inven
tor) has driven it thousands of miles without
the slightest accident, and is ready at any lime
to test its advantages as compared with other
Sulkies. •
The Baltimore Patriot says: The Madisonian
is dead! The announcement of its decease is
made by the editor—the veritable John Jones—
in lhe paper of yesterday. Messrs. Theophilus
Fisk and Jesse E. Dow have purchased the sub
scriptions, and oq the first of May next, they
will commence a new paper to be called “The
Constellation.” We shall miss the Madisonian.
There was a verdanev about it that was refresh
ing. There was a greenness in it that was
pleasant and grateful to the wearied eye. It is a
pity that it should have died.
The Washington Constitution announces the
change in the Globe office. He says:
“ We believe it is generally understood that
lhe Globe establishment is about to pass into the
hands ot Thomas Ritchie, Esq., of the “ Rich
mond Enquirer,” and Mr. Heiss, formerly of the
“Nashville Union.”
This is to be the organ. But the Constella
tion will fight hard tor the public printing, and
contest most earnestly the election of Messrs.
Ritchie and Heiss, as printers to Congress. The
probabilities are that the Globe and the Constel
lation will have a “very pretty fight,” during
the lite time ol both.
The Washington Constitution says that a
rumor is current, and generally accredited, in
that city, that the British Minister, Mr. Pak
enham, is charged with the negotiation ol a
treaty with the United Slates, “ based upon re
ciprocal advantages to the products ot each
country in their respective markets.”
Business in Philadelphia. —Business, says
the Times, was never so brisk before in Phila
delphia. The wharves, the streets, and the
stores are full of business. Every man seems
engaged in making money, and a gterious pros
pect ot prosperity is before us.
Terrible Flood on Niagara River.—A let
ter to the Rochester Democrat, dated Buffalo,
April 3, says:—“An extraordinary excitement
has prevailed at Glueenston and Lewiston for
the last three days. The ice has disappeared
from here with great rapidity. Such have been
its movements over the Niagara Falls, accom
panied with a strong north wind, that the Ni
agara river has been completely blocked up.
The ice’.nere yesterday, within a mile of the
Falls, was forty feel high! In the rapid course
of the iSs; every thing on the wharves at
GLueensfpn and Lewiston has been swept off
with the contents ot the storehouses. At Youngs
town, it has cleared off' every house near the
wharves, and the steam flour mill has gone with
it, with some eighty barrels of flour and a large
lot of potash in store there. The damage, all
round, is not far from ©100,000.”
Polly' Bodine’s Trial.—The trial of this
female for the murder of Mrs. Houseman and
her child, which has been under progress for a
fortnight past, is exciting much interest in New
York, and was expected to have been brought
to a close on Monday. Crowds of females
were in daily attendance, many of them highly
respectable, who thronged the court house at all
hours during the trial even to incommoding lhe
progress of examination. Much doubt is enter
tained as to the result.
The Postmaster General advertises that he
will receive proposals, until the 10th of May,
for furnishing fifteen thousand balances for the
various post offices in the United States. They
are to be constructed on a plan best calculated
to ascertain the weight of letters, and othermail
able matters, under the post-office law ot the 3d
of March, 1845; and will be required to indi
cate a half ounce, and any given weight be
tween a half ounce and eight ounces.
Mines in the West.—A correspondent of
the National Intelligencer in the State of Illinois
says:—A most valuable Field is situated in
the Apple River Diggings, fourteen miles east
ol the city of Galena, in Illinois, in which there
are now at work two hundred miners, with
eighty windlasses, two hundred spades and
picks with a corresponding quantity of blasting
tools and powder, which produce daily twenty
five thousand pounds of lead mineral, which
commands, in cash, at the mine, seventeen dol
lars per thousand; and there being seven north
and south ranges and fifteen east and west
ranges of a similar character already discover
ed, it is supposed the number of hands could
be doubled with equal success, for the quantity
of mineral is supposed to be inexhaustible. This
field was purchased a few weeks since by a
companyof capitalists in Galena of the original
claimant for $15,000, and cannot now be pur
chased of them at 850,000. It ought perhaps to
be stated that this field is upon one of the many
judicious and valuable reservations which were
made by Doct. Owen, in 1839, under the direc
tion of the War Department in behalf of the
United Stafts, and is now held by the last pur
chasers under a lease from the Superintendent
of the United States Lead Mines, lo whom they
pay six per cent, of allthe mineral that is raised,
and they have leased it to these miners at a rate
ot thirty to forty per cent.
Proi'Er kind of Pride.—We conceive it to
be the highest species of honor that can be con
ferred upon a man, says the Columbus Enquirer,
tq be enabled to say that he elevated himself from
poverty and honest manual toil, to the noblest
position in society. Il is still more creditable
when the man thus elevated is not ashamed of
his former mechanical skill. It is truly com
mendatory therefore, when the Hon. Luther Se
verance, member ot Ct ngress from Maine, and
a most amiable and talented gentleman, says of
Simon Cameron, the United States Senator from
Pennsylvania, that something more than twenty
years ago he worked by his side, as a journey
man, in Gales & Seaton’s printing office, at
Washington, and boarded at the same house
with him. This is something lo be proud of.
An unfortunate landlord, going round to col
lect his rents, sent his servant forward to prepare
his tenants for his visit. On reaching lhe house
and finding his servant taking a survey, and ap
parently endeavoring to gain admittance—
“ What’s the mailer?” said he, “is the door
bolted ?” “ No, master,” was the reply, " but
the lodger is I"
On the 3d inst., by the Rev. George F. Pierce,
Mr. Geobsb R. Palmer, of Burke county, to
MlsbLavinia A .daughter of William J. Rhodes,
Esq., ol Richmond county.
The Mormons.—The Warsaw Signal states
that most of the friends ot Rigdon, « :>• still re
i main in Nauvoo, have been despoil d ol their
property, and live in constant tear of rneif lives,
One of these, Elder Marks, a man pf wealth,
fled from that city last week in the night.
. —I •>«
J 3" The New York correspondent of the
Philadelphia American, in his lettet;.£>n Mon
day afternoon says: Thedeathof Mr. (Alleman,
the inventor ot the celebrated Attach
ment” to the Piano Forte, is announcert to-day.
He died suddenlj' at his residence in Saratoga
on Saturday evening.
The Edgefield (S. C.) “ Advertiser” of Wed
nesday says:—Joseph Richardson, who was
convicted during the last term of the Court tor
this District, on a charge ot stealing a Mule,
received his first inslalmenl, ten ashes, on his
bare back, on Monday last. He is to, receive
ten more, weekly, until he gets his fulli compli
ment, fifty lashes. ’ f’
Temperance in Michigan.—Tire Legisla
ture passed an act at its late by which
the voters ot each town, at their annual meeting,
are to vote “yea” or “nay,” on the. qisstion of
granting licenses to sell ardent spir ts within
such town during the succeeding _. Hr -.-a
supplementary act, this law F -
mediate*eKect.
Terrible Accident.— Slea,mborl ElimibetS.
—We are indebted, says the New-Orleans Pica
yune ot the 6th instant, to the officers ot the
steamboat Wave, for an extra of the St. Landry
Whig, of April 3d, containing the following
distressing particulars of the explosion ot the
boilers of the Elizabeth:
The Elizabeth started from New Orleans on
Sunday evening last, and when entering the
Courlaubleati from the Atchafalaya, herboilers
collapsed, and completely tore her upper works
to atoms. The explosion took place about 3
o’clock on Tuesday morning, to which may be
attributed the preservation of many lives, as her
entire works above the boilers were swept away,
together with her boilers and deck fixtures.—
Shortly after the accident the “ Wave” came up,
rendered ail the assistance in her power, and
towed the wreck up to Washington.
We insert the subjoined list, furnished us by
the clerk, who escaped uninjured:
J. H. Gordon, captain, very badly scalded
and bruised.
Daniel York, mate, killed.
Freeman B. Lamb, first pilot, leg fractured.
John Parrish, second pilot, uninjured.
James Marquite, first engineer, very badly
scalded.
Nelson Hill, second engineer, missing.
Chas. M. Jones, barkeeper, uninjured.
Mr. Ireland, carpenter; steward, cook and
cabin-bovs, uninjured.
Rhodes, deck hand, missing.
One negro fireman slightly scalded, and one
do., missing.
Passengers uninjured, except a few who were
slightly bruised.
We regret to learn that Capt. Gordon is in a
very critical state.
The passengers publish a card, in which they
“ testify that the accident was one of those un
foreseen calamities which no human prudence
could prevent, as the captain and other officers
were doing their duty when the explosion took
place.” They also return their thanks to the
officers of the “ Wave,” for their kind assist
ance.
Georgia Castor Oil.
The following extract ot a letter from Dr.
Means, giving an account of the production of
castor oil, by Joshua Willis, Esq., ol Troup
county, Ga., we copy Irom the Southern Medical
and Surgical Journal for April:
Extract of a. Letter from Professor Means, to the
Editors :
Castor Oil, manufactured in Georgia.—
While lhe great staple of the South has become
a drug upon the markets of the world, and its ex
tensive cultivation Is discouraged by tbe conse
quent reduction in price, the; has
been fortunately constrained todirect its attention
to other ample and, hitherto, unappreciated fa
cilities, completely within its reach —furnished
by our bold and effective water-falls, diversified
soil, and delightful variety of climate, and pro
mising equal usefulness, and a better remunera
tion for an equivalent outlay of labor and ex
pense.
Actuated, as we suppose, with these views, our
worthy and enterprising friend Mr. Joshua Wil
lis, of Troup county, Ga., has abandoned the
cultivation ot Cotton, and most successfully
commenced the growth ot the Ricinis Communis,
or Palma Christi (the Castor Oil Plant.) Du
ring the pa: t year, he manufactured about 1500
gallons of oil, which were mostly, (we believe)
jttrehased by the druggists and physicians of Co
umbus, and the circumjacent country.
We were favored with a specimen of the ar
ticle referred to, and cannot but regard it as a
fair and beautiful oil—almost destitute of Color,
or s:n«, and with as little of the unpleasant
flavorfpeculiar to the Castor Oil Bean, as is
consistent with an unadulterated preparation.—
Clear, bland, free from rancidity, and without
any foreign admixture, it constitutes an admira
ble article tor domestic use, and in our hands,
manifested mildly, but effeciively, its cathartic
prope ty. The East Indies have heretolore fur
nished probably seven-eights ot all the oil con
sumed in England, but forthe las: several years,
American Oil, derived chiefly from the British
Colonies and the Western States, has been ex
ported to that country, to the amount ot perhaps
from fifty to eighty thousand pounds annually.
The latter article, though confessedly of fine
quality, and possessing a flavor superior to the
East India Oil, has yet been regarded as objec
tionable on account of the deposit (in cold
weather) of a white, flaky matter, which some
have supposed to be Margaratine—a flatly salt,
consisting of the two proximate constituents,
Margaritic Acid and Glycerine. Others have
supposed it to be the result of adulteration from
Olive Oil, which is known, at low temperatures,
to deposit what Pelouze and Soudet regard the
Margarite and Oleate of Glyceril (the Hydrated
Oxide of Glycerine)—an unlikely supposition,
however, in our estimation, as most of the latter
oil is imported into this country from the south
ol Europe, and at too high a price to warrant the
fraud of admixture with the Castor Oil designed
for exportation.
We are rather inclined to the belief that such
deposits, so frequently found in the American
article, is from the liberal admixture ot animal
oil (Adeps Snillus) which doesnot sustain its
fluidity under from 78.5 oeg. to 87.5 deg. This
may, perhaps, account for the rancid and aerid
nature of some of the Castor Oil ol Commerce,
as the Oleine of the Lard, readily becomes ran
cid, i. e. acquires a disagreeable odor, and acid
properties, by exposure to the Oxygen of the at
mosphere. Indeed lhe deposit of Margaratine,
from Castor Oil, if any, should be exceedingly
small, as not more than 002 of *!?!!i~entire pro
ducts of saponification, consist of Margaritic
Acid.
The oil manufactured by Mr. Willis, we be
lieve, fully sustains the truth of this latter re
mark, and as a specimen of Southern enterprise,
alike honorable to his skill and industry, com
mends itself to public confidence and popular
use. Mr. W. will be prepared to execute large
orders this fall and winter, and assures us that
“ it shall not cost more to druggists or other pur
chasers, whom he may supply, than the best ar
ticle does from any other quarter,” and all he
asks is, that, other things being equal, home
manufacture may have the preference.
A. MEANS.
The Edgefield (S. C.) Advertiser of the 9lh
inst. says:
“ The streets of our town were on Monday
last (sale day,) again the scene ot riot and
bloodshed. Two men quarrelled near one of
the grog shops, and a fight ensued. One ot the
parties drew a pistol which he had concealed
about his person, and attempted to fire upon his
antagonist. A gentleman in his effort to pre
vent it, gave the weapon a different direction,
and an innocent man in no wise involved, had
his thigh dreadfully shattered to pieces. One
or the parties engaged in the fight, was most se
verely beaten over the head with a stick. It
gives us sincere pain to advert to this occur
rence; but as a conductor of the press we feel
it our duty to notice it, andko call public atten
tion to the subject. This :s the second time
within the last nine months that an innocent
man has been shot down in oiir streets, by the
use of concealed weapons suddenly drawn in
personal recontres between other persons. How
much longer is such a state ofjhings to continue ?
Does it require any further sacrifice ot innocent
blood and human lite to arouse our citizens to
the adoption of some further remedy ? How
long will our legislators stand by and witness
such awful events and forbear to pass laws to
prevent the carrying of concealed and deadly
weapons?
“ Qur civil officers we flre happy to say,
caused lhe offenders to be promptly arrested, and
bound over to answer tor their conduct at the
next Court ot Sessions. vlSs-cannot forbear to
remark that both the sad dvents to which we
have alluded, as occurring pere within lhe last
nine months , undoubtedly are in a great mea
sure, to be ascribed to the I unfortunate use of
strong irink, and we hope the day is not distant
when such a course of riot and contusion will
no longer be felt. When all who are now en
gaged in selling, and all who drink, shall be
persuaded to abandon their practices—then we
shall be freed trom occurrences like the one we
have to-day recorded.”
S 3" They are introducing in France the
English practice of actions ot Crim. Con. for
conjugal infidelity. This suggests to the edi
tor of the Evening Gazette th* following clever
anecdote :
Manners must have changed since the time
when the Count de S on going unexpect
edly to his wife’s apartment, and finding he was
de trap, gently closed the door and retired, and
afterwards took occasion to say to the lady,
with anairof grave rebuke: “Madame, you
should be more careful; —what if any body but
me had opened your door!”
Groans of the Tyleritcs.
The editor ot the Savannah Republican has
recently amused himself and his readers with
extracts from and comments upon the lamenta
tions of John Jones of the Madisonian, over
the falling fortunes of his associates in Tyler
ism. The annexed is his first chapter upon
this, to all good Whigs, interestingandjamusing
theme:
Tfls Lamentations of John Jones.—Obitu
aries Extraordinary.— We have heard of lhe
“groans of the Britpns,” and read the lamenla
-Ju.daiiab, but_ never before have we
known grief quite so sad of pitiable as that of
John Jones, of lhe Madisonian, in regard io re
movals from office, now going on under the
new administration. “How has lhe mighty
fallen!” A lew months since, John Jones, as
the Tyler organ, boldly thundered forth his
anathemas against the lew officials who dared
to think for themselves, and proclaimed that
every man who ventured to oppose John Tyler
must expect the full weight ol executive ven
geance. Then, removing men from office, was
only doing “justice to John Tyler”—now, it is
“proscription, decapitation," &c.&c. Poor John
Jones is quite inconsolable in his grief. One
would almost suppose that he had lost his last
friend, and was about to consume his last jorum
of government pap. Hear him, ye office hold
ers—
“ If ye have tears to shed,
Piepare to shed them now.”
for j'bur turn mayhap will come next. The ar
ticle which follows is but a series ol obituaries
extraordinary, coining from a heart ‘ bowed
down with grief.’ not unmingled, however, with
hope and apprehension :
“Removals, &c.—We learn that Mr. Wil
liams, Collector at Boston, has been removed
from, office. Mr. W. is a warm friend of Mr.
Calhoun’s, and we understand, in consequence
ol his intimate personal and political relations
with Mr. W., of long standing, he departed from
his general rule and expressed his desire to Presi
dent Tyler to have Mr. W. appointed. Mr. W.
is certainly a gentleman of high standing; and
as neither his honesty nor capacity can be ques
tioned, we must express our regret that he was
removed.
Mr. Grafton, we also learn, has been dismiss
ed from his office in Boston. It has been as
serted that this has been done because the form
er incumbent,’General McNeil, was removed.
This was not so. Gen. McNeil was not remo
ved, his commission had expired. Mr. G.’s
commission would have expired in a few months
if he had been spared that long.
The Globe of Thursday, said that Dr. Mil
ler, Second Assistant Postmaster General, had
been removed, which was a mistake, in part.
The Doctor was only translated to Mr. Skin
ner’s place. But the Globe’s accidental slip of
the pen may fie an unerring sign ot the future
fulfilment of its terrible vengeance. If it is to be
the “ official organ,” as it is now generally as
serted to be, whomsoever it may have marked,
or may mark hereafter, will most undoubtedly
hill. The Jacobins who control it know not
what pity is, and will not brook contradiction,
when they pronounce on any man’s late, even
from the President himself. The Cabinet
would be regarded by lhe Globe men as the
tpere mercenary instruments of their pleasure,
their cupidity and their tevenge.
Mr. Skinner,_the Third Assistant Postmaster
General, has been rewreved from office, unquali
fiedly. Os Mr. Skinner’s politics we know no
thing; but the whole counLy knows him as the
“ Father of American Agriculture”—as an au
thor, a scholar, and a gentleman. We are sorry
the axe fell upon him.
Mr. Penrose, Solicitor of the Treasury, has
been decapitated, and although he has been suc
ceeded by a perfect gentleman, and an officer of
high standing and talent, yet we insist upon it,
Mr. P. was all these himself— therefore we la
ment his loss.
Mr. Clarke, Auditor of the Post Office De
partment, than whom there could not possibly
be a better officer, or a belter man, has been
" turned out," lo make way for his Chief Clerk,
Mr. Washington. Mr. W. is a gentleman ev
ery way qualified, but still we thought Mr. C.
would not be removed. We acknowledge our
mistake.
We make no mention of the "small fry”—
some of whom were made to scamper front the
Post Office Department the other day.
Major Lewis, we learn with pain, has also
been sentenced to immediate execution. He is a
good man and a good officer. If any mis
conduct, official or political, be alleged against
any of the above victims, we are not aware of it.
Dr. Jones, our City Postmaster, they say, is
also doomedto official death. One thing we know
in relation to Dr. J. He is a good officer and a
good citizen. We expected if any change were
made in our City Post Office, the Executive
wo rid have delayed action until the commis
sion ot the present incumbent expired—which
would be only a few months.
P. S. We do not credit the rumor that Mr.
Tyler’s friends are to be prosetibed, because
they are such.”
N. B. After all, adds the Republican, it
seems that John has some lucid moments amid
his paroxysms of grief. What a frightful pic
ture of the guillotine must have been presented
to his “dis’urbed vision.” We can almost
imagine that we see the fatal instrument, in all
its dark proportions, now standing on the capi
toline hill. The bright axe of the headsman is
upraised; around the scaffold flits some dark
shadows, which may, without any great stretch
of imagination, be taken for Blair, Johnson,
Kendall & Co. A crowd of half-imploring,
half threatening fellows in the back ground, are
at one moment struggling to release their ca
daverous forms from the clutches of the faith
ful, and at the next, assuming a sullen and mu
tinous aspect. One after another is dragged
forward, and the decapitation proceeds. In
vain they cry, “ Am I not a true Republican ?”
“ Have I not sustained free trade?” “ Did I not
battle against the Dictator?” “Has not my
money gone to defeat the Whigs ? Have I not
been a firm friend of the Democracy?” “Did
1 not vote for Mr. Polk?” “Am I not in office
at the special request of Mr. Calhoun?” The
decree has gone forth—“ Off with their heads,”
is the word. Make way for Marcus Morton
and the Tennesseeans, is the cry. “To the
victors belong the spoils,” says Marcy. “Am
I not the poor and needy Biography of Gen.
Jackson?” adds Kendall. “Didi not publish
the embodiment of Henry Clay?” cries Blair.
“The Governmust must be a unit,” shouts
Cave Johnson. “ Did I not manage the Aboli
tion vote?” cries Marcus Morton. And so the
work of cutting off heads goes on! Is it any
wonder that John Jones is sad and disconso
late? Does he not deserve the sympathy of all,
but more especially of the office holders? Poor
fellows, they can now fully realize the fable of
the “ Boy and the frogs.” What is sport to the
Whigs, seems to be indeed death to them. As
father Ritchie says, “ Nous Verroys."
Relics.—The excavation in progress at lhe
uorthwesl corner of the beautiful green sur
rounding Columbia College, for the foundation
of a dwelling house, disclosed on Saturday two
six pounders, buried some six feet below the
surface, and in an excellent state ol preserva
tion. They were evidently buried for conceal
ment, as bricks &c., were found immediately
above them. The muzzles are plugged with
wood and the pieces are thickly coated with
paint. They are placed in immediate contact,
and have probably lain there since the Revolu
tion.
The pars in which these guns were found
was one of the most beautiful in the city, and
was one of the very few green spots on which
the eye rested with pleasure, amidst the stony
wilderness which forms the lower part of the
city. Much of the beauty of its western side
has been destroyed, in order to erect a dwelling
house, of which John C. Stevens, Esq., is the
owner.— New York Courier and Enquirer.
Singular presentiment.—Mrs. Dorothea
Foos, aged 99 years, died at her residence in
EUsor-street, near Madison, on Saturday eve
ning, having lived to see five generations. Mrs.
Foos dreamt some nine years since, that she
would die on the sth ot April, 1845, and her ac
quaintances have often beard her state her pre
sentiment. About two years ago, she acciden
tally fell out ol bed, and'-broke her hip, and oth
erwise injured herself, po that all hopes of her
recovery were given up, but she steadily insisted
that she would get about again, and not die until
the sth of April, 1815, and singular though it
may be, yet such is lhe fact, she did live until
(last Saturday, the sth of April, and died on that
day. This is indeed a most singular presenti
ment fulfilled.— Baltimore Republican.
MONDAY MORNING, APRIL 14.
Senatorial Nomination.—The Whigs of
the 27th Senatorial District, composed of the
counties, of Crawford and Upson, have nomi
nated Wm. M. Brown, of Crawford Co., as
their candidate tor Senator.
Dreadful Steamboat Disaster. —By the
New-York papers we have most heart rending
accounts and details of the wreck otthe steam
boat Swallow, on Monday night, the 7th inst.
on the North River, on her passage from Alba
ny to New-York with 200 to 300 passengers on
board. During a driving snow storm she ran,
aboutß o’clock at tfight, opposite the city of Hud
son, on a rock, in consequence of which she
immediately parted and the stern sunk to the
bottom. The greatest consternation seized upon
the passengers, and in the confusion it is suppos
ed some 30 to 50 lives were lost. We shall en
deavor to give some of the details to-morrow.
New York Election.—The Locofocos have
carried the City by an overwhelming majority,
beating both the Native and Whig Candidates
for mayor by large majorities. The Natives
have not elected a member of either ot the
boards of Council, and the Whigs only four.—
This is what may be termed a sort of avalanch
of a victory.
s, that Roger S. Baldwin, Whig, is re-elected
Governor by a majority ot about 1500 over all
other persons, and by a plurality over Toucey,
Loco Foco, of from 3000 to 3500.
All four of the members of Congress elect
are Whigs. In the last Congress they were all
Locos.
Legislature.— There will be a Whig majority
of eleven or twelve in the Senate, and about
thirty in the House.
The New York Herald savs: The “entire
mail which was made up in New York on the
2d inst., sot Philadelphia, has been lost.”
The Providence Gazette states that Gen.
Carpenter has declined to accept the collector
ship of that place, and that Hezekiah Willard
has received the appointment.
“Bond Payers.”—The Southron, published
at Jackson, Miss., says:—-We hearthat Missis,
sippians are still in the habit of writing “bond
payer” after their names, when they enter them
on public registers abroad, and we have been
halt inclined to call our paper the “Bond Pay
ing Southron," in order that it may be read when
it appears beyond the confines of the State. But
the word “Southron” has an application wider
than to Mississippi alone, and we do not wish
to do anything which would cast the slur ol lhe
possibility of Repudiation on the fair names of
our sister States of the South as though it were
necessary to distinguish every Southern news
paper as bond paying. In the pride and glory
ot repudiating her debts, Mississippi stands by
herself— and, a beautiful picture she is, truly I
Singular Conduct.—The St. Louis Reveille,
in the course of some remarks on the case of
Russell, who has recently been sentenced to two
years and a half imprisonment in the Missouri
Penitentiary, for the commission of a forgery,
whereby Messrs. Chouteau & Valle, of St.
Louis, were swindled out ot a considerable
amount, says ■.
“ It appears that the prisoner was of very res
pectable standing in society, enviably so. His
character for honesty and moral worth had
never been impeached by so much as a suspi
cion, but, from the fact ol having become em
barrassed in a pecuniary manner, he was in
duced to the peipetration ot this crime, which
has lost him his caste in society, and put upon
him the name of felon. Alter having realised
the price ot Ms dishonesty, singular as it may
seem, instead of fleeing the country, we find him
returning to the place of his abode, not more
than sixty miles from the city where he had
committed lhe crime, scrupulously paying off
all his creditors, investing the balance of the
proceeds of his fraud in produce, taking it South,
disposing of it, and again returning to hishome,
evidently manifesting no apprehensions ol ar
rest or punishment. The case, it strikes us, is
without a parallel in the criminal calender.”
The Zabriskie Contract.—The Naval
Committee ot the House of Representatives,
before the adjournment of Congress, made a
report upon the subject of a contract between
the navy department and one of Mr. Tyler’s
favorites. The New York Courier condenses
the facts embodied in the report as follows:
March 22,1843, Mr. J. C. Zabriskie, a New
Jersey Tyler man, called upon Mr. Tyler and
requested of him, for a friend, a contract to fur
nish timber for the navy. The friend was Mr.
Voorhees, chief of the bureau of construction
and repairs, and as an officer of the Government
legally incapable of holding cr deriving any
benefit frprn a public contract. Mr. Tyler re
ferred Mr. Zabriskie to Com. Warrington, act
ing Secretary of the Navy, to ascertain whether
the timber was wanted. Com. W. told Zabris
kie that it was not wanted. Mr. Tyler forth
with issued an order to .et J. C. Zabriskie have
the contract. Zabriskie took the order to Mr.
Voorhees and assigned it over to W. C. N.
Swift, who was not present. Voorhees took
the assignment and sold it to Swift. For this
he was to receive $4,000, and did receive 81,000.
A final contract between Swift and the bureau
was prepared; but before it could be executed,
Mr. Voorhees was killed by lhe Princeton ex
plosion and Com. Morris took his place; on ex
amining the affair he refused to execute the
contract, and handed the matter over to Mr.
Tyler, who annulled part of it, and ordered the
fulfilment of the rest.
All the details which led to the contract are
equally disgraceful, and afford another evidence
of the con upt practices of John Tyler.
A correspondent ot the Boston Atlas, writing
from Giessen in Germany, thus speaks of the
mode ot observing Sunday in that quarter:
“You may like to hear something about the
way in which the Sabbath is spent here. It is a
day, emphatically of relaxation Irom labor, set
apart for pleasure and pastime by all, the labo
rer and the gentleman, the peasant and the stu
dent. Sunday is the great day for giving dinner
parties, and Sunday evening for balls. On this
day the peasants often meet in some beer house
to pass the day and end the evening with a
dance; the students’ ‘kneips’ are unusually lull
and noisy.”
Commerce of Savannah.—We have been
favored, says the Savannah Republican, by the
collector of the port, with the following state
ment of the Commerce ol the city for the quar
ter ending the 31st of March, 1845. Theamount
is given in round numbers—cents not being
used:
Value of Imports from. Foreign Paris.
In 45 British vessels, $34,557
“ J Spanish vessel, 789
“ 21 American vessels, 41,241
876,587
Os which were free goods, $1,072
British tonriage entered. 45 vessels, 23,894 tons.
Spanish “ “ I “ 98
American “ 21 “ 4,191
“
17 28,186
Amount of duties received, $35,521
Specie imported, $10,128
Value of Exports.
In 51 British vessels, $1,271,060
“ 27 American, “ 363,581
$1,634,646
British tonnagecieared,sl vessels,2s.3B2tons.
American “ “ 27 “ 6,082 “
78 “ 31,464 “
Os Exoorts.
Os Cotton, $1,504,606
“Rice, 111,537
“ Lumber and Timber, 16,818
“ All other articles, 1,685
Cash deposited to the credit of the Treasurer
of the United States during the quarter, $23,000
Cash paid drafts of the Comptroller,
of the Treasury, same, 3,000
Disbursements and balance on hand,
$35,521
A real Chinese juggler hasarrived in the city,
and will no doubt create a sensation in this
country, by the wonderful feats for which this
people are so celebrated. He is called Ye-Wang,
the Sorcer King of Tokier, and was sent out by
an American resident at Canton.— N. Y. Mir-
Population or thf, World.—According io
McGregor, the population ol the world is 812,-
553,712. According to Bell, this vast multitude
is thus divided:
Whites 440,000,000
Copper colored 15,000,000
Mulattos 230,000.000
Blacks 120,000,000
Hassel deemed the world’s population to be
936,461,000 possessing the following religions:
Christians 252,600,000
Jews 5,000,000
Mahometans. 120 105,000
Braminists 140,(XX),000
Buddists 313,977,000
All others 134,490,000
The Christian World:
Catholics 137,000,000
Protestants 65,000,000
Greek Church, &c 50,000,000
The population of Europe is estimated by
Malte Brun at 214,000,000 souls. Asia is put
down by Balbi at 413,844,300.
From the Picayune of the Sth inst.
Texas.
By lhe steamship Marmora, arrived yesterday
from Galveston, we have Texas files to the 2d
instant—the day of her departure. The papers
are mostly taken up in discussing the Annexa
tion resolutions. Were we to infer the opinions
of the people from the tone of the press, we
should think the Texans nearly unanimous in
favor ot coming into the Confederacy on the
terms proposed. We have seen nothing further
touching the views of President Jones and his
Cabinet in regard to the measure. A powerful
appeal infavorot annexation has been addressed
Major Donelson, U. 8. Charge to Texas, ar
rived at Galveston on the 27th ultimo, and pro
ceeded immediately to the seat ot government.
At the date of our last advices from Galves
ton, a British vessel of war had just reached that
city with despatches for Capt. Elliott, the British
Charge, who set out immediately after receiving
them for Washington. This vessel, which
proved to be the sloop ot war Electra, direct from
Jamaica, to which place the despatches had beeu
sent by one of the West India steamers, had
despatches also for Mr. Saligny, the French
Charge. Both the French and English Charges
returned to Galveston on the Ist inst. The na
ture of lhe despatches by the Electra had net
transpired. Any number of surmises were
afloat as to the precise character of the docu
ments in question, but nothing decisive was
known. The only hope the anti-annexationists
entertained of the defeat of the measure was, that
the Electra had brought out definite and com
plete propositions for the settlement ol Mexican
pretensions; whilst the annexation party laughed
at the idea of British guarantj', when there was
no longer any occasion for it, as the independ
ence ol the country, as regards Mexico, could
be better established by becoming a member of
the American Confederacy. There will be
strong efforts made, however, to produce a rejec
tion of the terms offered by Mr. Brown’s resolu
tions. The Galveston News, in remarking upon
the struggle about to take place in Texas, says:
“Now comes the eleventh-hour offer of our
recognition; now comes the often-reiterated pro
mise ol European friendship; now again our
Government is to be plied with English gold,
and power, and influence, and with all the riches
of her commerce."
“All information from the country,” adds the
News, “ proclaims the utmost harmony and
unanimily among our citizens in favor of the
Joint Resolutions.”
Apart from the subject of Annexation, our
files contain no intelligence of interest. Indeed
this subject seems to engulf every other topic.
The citizens of Gonzales recently gave a pub
lic dinner to our old friend Navarre, as a testi
mony of the respect they entertained for his vir
tues and patriotism.
The cost of foreign sugars sold in Houston
during lhe lasi twelve months amounts to .over
©23,000. The exports ot cotion from the same
city, during the year ending December 31,1844,
reached 6893 bales.
Late news from the Rio Grande represents
the district between that river and the Nueces
to be in lhe possession of the Camanche Indians,
who have come down upon the country to the
number of 800 or 1000 men—stealing horses,
and in some cases committing murder. The
North Mexicans were in great consternation,
and at Matamoros an assault upon the town
was apprehended. #
Marine Disaster.—Captain Teale, ol the
barque Josephine, arrived last evening from
Philadelphia, reports that on the 21st ultimo, 11
hours out from the Capes of Delaware, in a
severe gale from W. N. W., while running un
der double reefed topsails at 2 o’clock, A. M.,
came in contact with schr. lonic, Capt. Acker
man, lying to under ballance reefed mainsail,
which sunk in about ten minutes afterwards.
The captain and crew were taken on board the
Josephine and brought to this port. The lonic
was from Plymouth, N. C., bound to New York,
with a cargo of cotton and corn. The Josephine
sustained no other damage than the loss of her
foretop gallant yard and fore studding sail boom
and some slight damage to the jib boom.—N. O.
Picayune, Blh inst.
Sunday Trains in Scotland.—The attemp
in Scotland to stop the running of Sunday trains
on the Edinburg and Glasgow railway has faded.
At a meeting ot the shareholders, Sir Andrew
Agnew brought forward a motion to that effect,
which was lost by two thousand lour hundred
and sixty-five votes against one hundred and
fi'ty-nine; representing respectively five thou
sand seven hundred and twenty-five, and two
hundred and forty-nine shares.
Ned Norway;
Who believes that without Money there is no Liberty.
Ned Norway was lound, says the N. O. Pica
yune, by the police on Thursday night, in that
state which, in alliteral language, is styled
“beautifully blue.”
“ What are you?” said 'he watchman, poking
him with his stave between the fourth and filth
ribs.
“ I’m a slave,” said Ned—“ the slave of ne
cessity.”
“Then you hain’t no wote!” said the watch
man.
"Yes, I have, though,” said Ned; "but what
of that?—voting don't do no good to nobody but
the Pre-ident, and Governor, and members of
Congress, and sich like folks: a teller can’t run
his face at the tavern because he has a vote—
votin’ don’t pay the washerwoman, nor foot up a
tailor's bill. I tells you what it is, old feiler,
votin’’s a bore—it don’t even get a feller liquor,
’cept it beat 'lection times.”
“ But ain’t you at liberty to go where you
please, and to do as you please ?” said the watch
man.
"Nota bit ot it,” said Ned; “because, I tell
you again, I’m a slave—and so is every one that
hain’t money. Il’s all very well to tell folks
abcWli freedom, liberty, and all that sort of thing;
it looks remarkably well in Fourth of July
speeches—but, I tell you, like New England
rum, it don’t bear analyzing. You just go into
a restaurat down town, tell lhe landlord you're a
treeman, and voted tor President Polk, that you
want a dinner, but hain’t got no money to give
him for it: just sec it he don’t "parlez vous" and
"sacre mon Dieu" you'. I tell you again, that
this here liberty without money is like the trim
min’ without the leg ot mutton—like the nut
shell without the kernel—like ”
“That’ll do,” said lhe watchman—for by this
time they had got as far as the calaboose—ihat’ll
do forthe present; you can get into the cala
boose without money—though I reckon you
can’t get out without jail-fees.”
Ned was put in for the night, and whether he
should pay jail-fees or not—not having lhe
money—was left an open question, to be decided
next morning by ths Recorder.
lowa.—Most of the lowa papers are oppo
sed to coming into the Union, because the Mis
souri river is not made the western boundary of
the proposed State of lowa, by the act to admit
her into the Union. Besides, the people of lowa
seem to be anxious that their State shall be
equal with Missouri in area. The probabili
ty is that a majority will decide against the
State constitution and in favor of remaining
under a territorial government.
Anecdote.—We see the following anecdote
going the rounds, without credit. It smells ot
the neighborhood ot Boston, and sounds as
though the Post had a hand in sending it forth :
Dr. Moses, of the Omnibus Cantabrig®, has
been so much at old Harvard as to become
quite classical. Coming through the Port, the
day after commencement, with a cluster of
baccalaureates on the outside, the Doctor drew
the reigns tight through the fingers ot the left
hand, and with a knowing wink of his left eye,
said:
“ Well, boys, now you’ve got through col
lege, and you know every thing, ol course, I
want you to tell me one thing. Who was it
that had lhe first fight?”
Outsides— “ The first fight!—why it wan
Cain and Abel.”
Doctor— “ No it wasn't though.
Outs—" Then, may be you mean David and
Goliah, or Sampson, or—”
Doctor —" I knew you would'nt guess. I’ll
tell you. It was Nihil. He was the one."
Outs—(laughing)— "Nihil, Doctor! Nihil
means nothing. Nothing could not fight.”
Doctor— “ Nothing or something—it's all the
same to me—l go by the booksand professors—
and they all say in the beginning—before any
thing was done or thought by any body, Nihil
fit!"
The boys slid down over the forward wheel*,
. and walked the rest of the way into town.
VOL. IX.—NO. 16.
From lhe Macon Messenger.
Cotton Factories in Up«oii County.
Messrs. Editors I believe il is not generally
known, the extent to which Upson county is
progressing in the erection of Cotton Factories.
Whilst the subject seems to be attracting the
attention of the South very generally, I have
been surprised that the Messenger has been so
silent upon the subject, knowing that vou have
some interest in the county, and that one of you
frequently visit the county to extend yourw.
terest, and ot course are aware ot the enterprise
ol her citizens. r
But few counties in Georgia possess more
natural advantages tor this purpose than Upson
Situated in the very heart of the State, at the
termination of t. e Southern spurs of the range
of mountains, that traverse the northern part
of the State, it : ffords an abundance of most
valuable water power ata trifling cost, when
compared with the immense advantage* held
out to capitalists, for investments of that kind.
The lands, though not equal to those of Hous
ton, Stewart, and the counties south of it, tor
producing cotton, nevertheless yield perhaps
more than an average of the cotton growing re
gion of the State.taken entire, and for all kinds
of grain, and consequently all the subslanlials ot
life, are preferable, to say nothing of its advan
tages in point of health.
It is not my purpose to give any detailed
statement of the resources and advantages of
Upson, to become an extensive manufacturing
county—but considering its contiguity to mar
ket, the vast water power in the county lying
idle, its healthy location and its productions, I
hardly think that many counties in the State
have so many advantages combined indeed,
her citizens are wide awake on this subject.
There are already no less than six or seven fac
tonesfn operation and in progress of construe
First, is the Franklin Factory, owned by
Messrs. Perry 4. 00., upon Toblerii Creek,
about eight miles south-east of Thomaston—
this factory has been in operation some ten
years, and has been constantly increasing its
operations, by adding more machinery every
year. First it made only yarns, and the origi
nal “ Franklin Factory,” manufactures only that
article at present, but connected with it and
owned by the same parties, at least in part, are
the “ Waynman Mills,” so called in honor ot
the late Wm. J. Waynman, the original pro
prietor of the Franklin, now deceased, upon the
same stream, a few hundred rods below lhe
“ Franklin,” where both yarns and osnaburgs
ot a superior quality are made, and sold very
generally throughout the middle and western
part of the State, and indeed they find a ready
market for them in all the southern cities, in
cluding New Orleans. 1 also learn that lhe
proprietors of these two, factories are about
erecting another in the same vicinity, finding,
no doubt, the demand for their goods beyond
their ability to supply them. And here 1 ask,
what better evidence is wanted—what clearer
demonstration than is here presented by a ten
years experience, of the certainty of invest
ments of this kind being profitable 1
Next comes the “ Thomaston Manufacturing
Company,” This company commenced opera
tions last Spring, by making Cotton Bagging,
and although not so well prepared to furnish so
good an article, nor to the extent of the demand,
as they will be in the coming fall, yet I am glad
to learn, that they made and disposed of about
100,000 yards the past season, and although
they contemplated making nothing but Cotton
Bagging when they commenced, they hav*
within the last few months, made a very supe
rior and heavy article of osnaburgs, heavier
and wider than any made in the State; they are
also adding additional machinery to the factory,
and will be able during the summer to furnish*
very superior article of Cotton Bagging, hea
vier and wider than last season. And here 1
cannot omit to mention, the immense water
power afforded by the stream upon which this
factory is erected wiihin one-fourth ot a mile—
at this factory is one ol the finest shoals for that
purpose in the State, upon a large creek, fed by
never tailing mountain streams; within the
above distance, a succession ot falls amount
ing, I should think, to some fifty feet, and at
one place, a short distance below the building
already erected, a natural dam, and perpen ilcu
lar fall of eight or ten feet, with gradual fhlls
immediately above it. Gen. E. C. Turner, one
of the owners of the above factory, has given
notice ot his willingness to dispose ot part of
this water power, in some of the newspapers,
and it needs only a personal examination to con
vince any one of its advantages.
Next is a factory just commenced by Mr.
Harvey McAlpin *. Sun, of Savannah, the
bare mention of whose names, is a sufficient
guaranty ot its future prosperity. Though citi
zens of Savannah, over two hundred miles dis
tant, their good judgmentsanddiscerning minds,
have induced them to invest a part of their cap
ital in a factory, and have just commenced
building. They have selected a beautiful loca
tion, north-west of Thomaston, Upon Ten Mile
Creek, one ot the tributaries ot Potatoe Creek,
a never-tailing mountain stream, and doubtless
will soon be in “ full blast.”
Next, Messrs. Walker, Geo. Moore, Nathan
Respass, and Daniel Grant, gentlemen of am
ple fortunes, are just commencing a factory, I
learn, upon an extensive scale, ia the south
east part of the county, upon Toble’s Creek,
near where it empties into the Flint River, and
have already despatched an agent to the North
to procure machinery, and will douutless soon
be in operation. This factory is located where
lhe first factory in Upson county was built,
some fourteen years ago, by Dr. Smith, who
commenced rather on a limited scale, but did
not succeed, owing to his want of means to car
ry it through, and partly to the fact of his using
old machinery, that had been prettv well worn
out at the North, before its introduction into
Upson. , «
And last, though not least, I learn that Mr.
George Potter, with perhaps some others, have
purchased a valuable shoal upon Potatoe creek,
some three miles below the “ Thomaston Man
utacturing Company," and about four miles
trom Thomaston, and intend erecting a Cotton
Factory.
Messrs. Walker & Jackson have also con
nected with their Merchant Mills, on Potatoe
Creek, six miles north of Thomaston, machine
ry for carding wool.
The Franklin and Thomaston Factories,
have also connected with theirs, similar machi
nery for the purpose. The county also abounds
with Merchants’ Mills—Judge Pearce’s, three
miles north of Thomaston; Gen. Turner’s, at
lhe Thomaston Factory; Mr. Cunningham’s,
upon Tobler’s Creek, near the Franklin Facto
ry, and Mr Hightower’s, above the latter, and
upon the same stream; and an abundance of wa
ter power at each ot these Mills, to drive addi
tional machinery, could be readily obtained, be
sides many other valuable sites throughout the
country.
From lhe foregoing, it will be seen, that
whilst manyjjt our citizens are trying to direct
public attention to this important branch of ■
home industry, by public meetings and news
paper arguments, Upson county has, almost si
lently, taken hold ot lhe matter in earnest, and
has advanced already tar ahead of her sister
counties, and will doubtless soon realize the re
ward that is always sure to accompany indus
try and perseverance.
I might add much on ths many wdvnmagss to
be derived by lhe citizens generally in the vi
cinity ol factories; the new market, and, in
creased demand it opens to the various produc
tions ; but this subject has been so frequently
discussed by others more competent, 1 shall not
attempt it.
That the people of the South, and especially
ol Georgia and Carolina, are destined to be
come to a great extent, a manufacturing peo
ple, no one who will look at the advanta
ges which nature has furnished so abun
dantly, can doubt, and especially when the
price of our great staple of production is so
much depressed, and so little prospect of any
improvement —and lhe only question is, who
will be foremost to reap the greatest advanta
ges?
I think if our wealthy Planters in other parts
of the State—from the “ low country.” would
spend a part of their Summer in the taoro
mountainous regions, and acquaint themselves
more thoroughly ol these matters, very soon a
different feeling would obtain, and that soon,
instead ol seeing these fine water-tails sur
rounded with nothing but forest trees, and occa
sionally a Corn Mill, would spring up factories
and villages of thrifty and wealthy citizens, and
1 insist that in your next lour to Upson, you
“ take notes and print them too.” B.
Lines by James K. Casey, of New York, on
the occasion of the death of bis young friend,
Willie Moore, ot Ithaca. This amiable youth,
suffered, and suffered patiently. Before has
death, he desired the curtain lo be withdrawn,
that, on earth, he might once more see the light
of the blessed sun. It was even so!
God said the light WAI good : long auff’ring too,
Our brother, to thu*e tenet* true,
Lighted his chamber with the setting sun,
Then bowed hie bead, for then hi* work was don*.
True tn hi* word, in ail hi* action* just,
Willing to live, or die— ii die be mu*l
With »oui erect, to meet his Maker’* call:
Th* village mourned, for he was loved by all.
More Factories. —A large building five
stories high has just been commenced on lhe
Schuylkill, between Callownill and the Fair
mount Water-works. It is intended tor a
“Print Works. The Old Woollen Factory
near Spruce and Ashton streets, is fitting up,
and the printing ot silk goods will be-carried ob
ia it.— PhUa. Amer.