Newspaper Page Text
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IH UKbDA> K - M ' ""
~~~ Whig Convention-
Il has beer. definitely scaled that the Conven
iiou to noiuiitate a Whig candidate lor Gov
ernor shah W lield * a Milledgeville, on the first
Monday Joly, and we can but
indulge the hope that the Whigs throughout the
State will the necessary arrangements to
hare themselves represented in that body.
In announcing the day fixed upon for holding
the Convention, the "Southern Recorder" makes
the following remarks, which we commend to
theattention ci Our Whig friends.
; “The Whigs have now only to do their duty,
"and exhibit sa.nethtng of the zeal of our oppo
nents, to effect all that is requisite for the con
tinuance of the present sound and salutary poli
cy that controls our Slate affairs. We say
jamefiitag of the zeal of our opponent, because
we believe that the benefits of Gov. Grawforu’s
arloUnfsnaUoti to the people have been of so
striking a character, that it needs but a very
s'ight referenc; to them byway ot remembran
ter, to rally the people almost en masse to his
Support, under the universally • influential mo-
/tive of best subserving their own interests, by
/ subserving the election ot the present Execu
/ live.
' “If there ettr was a man entitled to the
name of the Governor ot lhe S'alc, and Me whole
Stale of Georges, Mr. Crawford is that man.
He has known but one maximin the conduct
of his adminiht atioti, and that is the good ot the
State and the Jnterests.ol the people—and Me
whole weol:. And the resglt of his wide spread
"■ "atiapatiiMd policy has been lelt, by every man,
Woman and child, in our regenerated State.
-The Finances—the Surrency in the hanos of
the people—the Penitentiary—the Public Pro
perty—the Publie Credit—the cause ol'Educa
lion—and the great principle of true Republican
" Economy—have each and all felt the healing
and invigora'ing influence-of the devoted indus
try, skill, and ability of our ever vigilant and
laborious Executive. To turn such a man out
of office for stich reasons, by the people of
Georgia, to whevn and for whom the whole
benefits inure, would, it sfetns to us be almost
9 individuals and a<r a people. We have no such
|» ’ belief, and only al this moment throw out these
hints, to urge that the counties will not permit
... the nominating Convention to be other than a
i -fair representation, ot popular feeling, by being
one of the largest and most respectable that has
even been held at I,he seat of government."
pr Canal Corti miss toner’s Report.
It is a source ot high gratification to us, who
have taken such a deep interest in the project,
to inwite the attention of the reader to the lie
g port of the Canal Commissioners, and the ac
■' companying documents, which will be found in
our paper to-day. By our own citizens these
papers cannot but be read with pleasure, aye,
with a degree of pride which the consciousness
offiaving promptly come up to the discharge of a
high and responsible duty never fails to inspire;
while to every true patriotand loverof hiscoun
try, they must impart that degree of satisfaction
which every truly American heart must and
will feel at witnessing the onward march ot his
country to the high and nobledestiny, which,
nnderthe exercise cf a sound discretion and a
well directed energy, awaits her.
With such feelings we contemplate this, to
ns at the South, grand project. It is true that
we do not profess not to regard it in its at ticipa
< ted benefits upon the prosperity of our city, and
the great work of internal improvement, the
Georgia Rail Road so intimately connected
with it, the latter of which, if the enterprise suc
, eeed according to the expectation of the less
fe sanguine, cannot but be greatly benefited by the
increased travel and transportation ot freight
i which this work of rearing in our midst manu
factnres must secure to it. But it is in its in
fluences upon the labor and consequent prosper
ity of the South, that we are more disposed to
contemplate its advantages and its important
results. We look to it ap thegerm of a great rc
. volution in our history, the corner stone upon
which soon’eror later must be erected, through
out the entire South, & superstructure that
must and will direct oar energies and lead us
’•ftfi to a higher degree o: prosperity and social en
joyment than the most fortunate among us have
as ret attained. Bui we forbear, lest the less
'sanguine of our readers should regard us as
running into a reverie i i which air castles were
Removals.—The wgrk of removing the ofli
j" Ctws jo the various departments of the govern-
H the most authentic informa-
Mid, Io be progressing with a
there are but tew Whigs in
government, the contest now
f inlo'a war between the Tyler
inteesof “The Captain,”and
■the powers that be.” In such
little Interest, save our detes
tblishtjent of such a degrading
policy, as the principle ot ac
tion by which the Executive is to administer
th* affairs of the government. We might en-
■ lawge upon this topic and its tendency to subvert
otir institutions by its corrupt influences, but it
is la the eso olten de< canted npon by the press
_Li'Bilh o reflecting patriols of all parties, that we
.-i >rbear, and therefore content ourself with
c nronieling the facts as a part of the history of
“ t- Mi'ttaies.——
The New York "Herold" says:
gs .“We learn that the Collector of Baltimore
h. as just gone to Washingnn, after making
ft; iv removals ot his old hands, and as many
ne far ones to receive the sanction of the Secretary
llhe Treasury. We also learn, that the Col
i'fecjtor ot this port—New York—has also given
'.j.WßiC'’to quit to about the same number after
thiy day— fitly--and it is probable that fifty new
jjßlAointments are also sent to Washington for
H-nrv C. Atwood, rejected bv the
has been appointed already. Who
i of .he for.unate d >gs are, we know nut,
and Boston, similar move-
going on. There will he, therefore,
a Iteinen-fous moving
lhev davs—like a per’ect first ot Mav
York, ent irged tn tbp area of licedom.
' Southern Ciltlvator.
recent mc-ting I t.ie pl inters ( 'ha:,
.for the purpose of f.-mill» an A•<
the loliowing vcry-rn-'b'e Resole
■Bw adopted, which t.-eearn-- Iv - ,>m... n.l
attention of other Societies thnm-iiiom
as an example worthy to be followed:
Thai (lie Cone- Gng S nv
be directed Io subscribe to such
vot conies ot the Southern Cultivator,
be necessary to si-'plv each member
a copy, on the best terms that can he done ;
- ' eT#'’ 11 ,n rrti 'fr. one Copy io he deposited with
for the use of the Society.
. or tfoi',’- i't.. Halifax Her
|Hßd^sys*fo’fs«foivfe it upon good authority that
I Sir George Simpson, a passenger in the Cale
' donin tor Boston, goes out as Governor of the
' Oregon Territory—if so, the question of right
L and possession will be brought to a speedy issue.
BbSTirginia Election. -The Winchester /?<•-
has a report that Cui. Camden (W.)
to Congress, in tfe Kar.awlia distri ■;
tfiydßaphis be so, there will be two Wlrgs in the
delegation.
collections in Philadelphia in aid ,>l ihe
suflerers exeee I :hi "v t Im a-an I
The extensive foundry and machine shop
I Louisville, owned by Mr. John Curry, was
k entirely consumed by fire last week. The
I loss is variously estimated at from $20,000 to
[ SOO,OOO.
| Deathop.dntE Hon. Dxvid W. Dickinson.—
L The Nasfewlle “ Banner" of the 28th ult. says:
K. With inexpressible regret we learn just as this
■ paper gfts to press, the demise of this gentle
t man. Weexpired yesterday (Sunday) at the
ol Mr. Maney, near Franklin, Tenn.
J Frigate Mississippi.. -The Boston
Wednesday attorio-m sav-. dial thi-
frigate was to l.e taken into dock that aftcr
■piiooo at 5 o’clm-k, at that Navy Yard, for the
■ examination of her bottom, and that she is to be
H fitted outfor sea withall despatch.
H Appointments by the President.—Robert
■ H. Morris, Deputy Postmaster in the citv of
New-Yotk, in place ot John Lorimer Graham,
M removed
■ Ely Moore, Marshall of the Southern district
Kept New-York, in place of Silas M. Stilwell, re
Michael Hoffman, Naval Officer in :iie citv . t
in plm-e ot Jeremiah I'owle, !■■-
■ j The amount of tax to be assessed this year for
■■ the city of Boston exceeds that of last by eighty
thousand dollars, or neatly cne ninth part, and
will require an increase ot many millions in val
hK nation to raise the amount without increasing
iterate.
Canal Commissioner's Report.
Orricß dr the Auocfta Canal CommisJbs, ?
Augusta, May Ist, 1845. >
To Ike Honol-able the (.’ilii Cmncilof Augusta:
The Commissioners of the. Augusta Canal,
in conformity with the provisions ot the third
section of the Ordinance under which they were
appointed, and which impose upon them the
duty of making “regular monthly reports to the
’ City Council ot all their actings and d ings, ac
companied by an account of all monies received
’ ordisbursed by them,” beg leave to
REPORT.
5 That on the eighteenth day of March last,
they met and organized their body for the trans-
, action of business, by appointing a President
' and a Secretary and Book-Keeper, and notified
’ His Honor the Mayor that they were so or
r ganised. That the Bonds of the City for one
: hundred thousand dollars, with requisite coupons
’ having been prepared and executed in conformi
tywith both provisionsot the fifth section of the
Canal Ordinance, the same were received by the
i Commissioners, and a receipt given therefor to
the Collector and Treasurer of the City, as
therein required; which Bonds have been depo
sited with the Bank of Augusta, the Bank of
Brunswick, the Augusta Insurance and Bank
ing Company, and the Georgia Rail Road and
Banking Company, in amounts as nearly as
practicable proportionate to their respective capi
tals, as will appear by the accompanying Report
of the Finance Committee ot the Board of Com
missioners. As no monies have, as yet, been
received by the Board, they have, of course, no
accounts ot receipts and disbursements to pre
sent.
They keg leave further to Report, that having
on inquiry received the most favorable testimo
nials of the qualifications ofC. O. Sanford, E e q.,
as a Civil Engineer, they requested him to visit
this place, where he arrived on the third of April,
and immediately commenced a re-examination
. -■ ’ .|>l—ew—um pw-T .uo-’ij jtrr VLjrimy
Messrs. William Philtins, and John Etlgar
Thomson, and his assistants, which
proving satisfactory, the Board advertised for,
proposals, and after allowing time for them to
come in, proceeded to let out the work, as divided
bv the Engineer, into twelve sections; proposals
for allot which, with the exception of section
number one, were accepted; bin the person to
whom Section Number Eleven was awarded, not
having complied with the terms which the Com
missioners felt bound to impose, that section is
again under offer, and they have reason to think
it will be ultimately let upon terms at least as
favorable as those they would have accepted,
had the party offering been prepared to comply
with the terms above referred to. None of the
parties whose offers have been accepted, have,
as yet, signed the ivritten contracts intended to
be executed by them and the Commissioners,
but will be ready to do so whenever called oc for
that purpose. Several of them are making ac
tive preparations for commencing work, and the
Commissioners have every reason to believe
that they will fai>hfullv perfirm what they have
undertaken. For information on this point, and
others therewith connected, they beg leave to re
fer to the accompanying report of the Engineer.
Mr. Sanford, the Engineer, having been very
laboriously engaged on the lir.e ot the Canal lor
some days after his arrival, it was understood
between him and the Commissioners, that the
consideration of the question of his employ
ment, salary, &c. K should be postponed until
after the letting of the sections—both parties
having become satisfied that there would be no
difficulty in making a mutually satisfactory ar
rangement, wiiich has accordingly • been since
done. Mr. S inford has been employed to su
perintend the construction ot the Canal to its
completion, for the sum of twenty-five hundred
dollars; it being understood, however, that he
will require the aid of an Assistant Engineer,
whose salary, (Iron, the best information to be
obtained.) it is thought, will, not exceed eight
hundred dollars.
The Commissioners are engaged in several -
negotiations, with the view of rendering the final
locatioi*,of the Canal as favorable and satisfac
tory as possible; hot as these Hfcgotialions are
still incomplete, it is deemed unnecessary to re
port upoji them al this time. All of which is
respectfully submitted.
Pres, of Augusta Canal Com missioners- T
[Moy 2d, 1845.— Recorded folios 2. 3 and 4.]
William Phillips, Sec’y. B. C. A. C.
REPORT OF THE ENGINEER. *
Augcsta Canal Office, 1
April3oth, 1845. y
To the President of the Augusta Canal:
Sir:—ln conformity to lhe notice which you
sent me, that one of the bye-laws adopted by'
the commissioners ofthe Augusta Canal, re
quires their Engineer to make monthly reports
to the President ot the progress of the work, I
beg leave to state, thatsince the letting of the sec
tions on the 24th instant, I have seen the con
tractors for sections 2to 10 inclusive, (extend
ing from a point of rock nearly opposite Bull
Sluice to McKimwy-streei,) and I ascertain
from them that they will commence their woik
as soon as they can make the necessary arrange
ments.
—Timberlake & Timanus, the con
tractors for sections 2 »nd 3, liaAurus me that
they have 60 hand-, and 18 carts now employed
in finishing their contracts on the Georgia Rail
Road, which will require them until the mid lie
of next month, when the u’hole or su-h portion
ot the force as may be required bv the commis
sioners ofthe Augusta Canal, will be moved to
sections 2 and 3
Sections 4 and 5, extending through Mr. J.
L. Coleman’s land, were taken by him. He
has stated to me, previous to his proposition tor
lhe contracts, lfun in case he undertook lhe
work through hi* land, he should place ten of
his own hand* upon it, and would buy and him
a sufficient number in addition to finish the
work in time.
The work on sect ions 6 and 7, was undeita
ken by Judge Warren, and are decidedly the
heaviest portions of earth work in proportion to
their length, on any part of the line. Judge
Warren has advertteed for the purchase ot 20
negroes, which, together with his own force of
hands and learns, will be amp e to commence
the work and may be increased as the work pro
gresses.
Sections 8, ft and 10, were allotted to Messrs
Giaves.& O’Brien, whc> have notified me that
they wish lo commence work with 20 hand s on
Monday.next, and that by the middle ot next
month they will be enabled to place upon the
Canal their whole force now employed on the
Georgia Rail Road, which will be sufficient to
fulfil the terms of their contract with you.
Section No. 11, which you propose to re-let
on the 6thol May, extends the whole length ot
the second level.
Section No. 12, or the third level, terminates
with East Boundary-street, on the margin ot
the Savannah River; this section was let to
Messrs. Musgrove & Co. 1 have not seen Mr.
Musgrove since the letting, but have no doubt
he can carry the work forward as last as may
1 be desirable.
Rae’s Creek Aqueduct was allotted to Messis.
Timberlake & Timanus, and three culverts lo
Mr. G. V. Margerum ; all these gentlemen have
been recommended as entirely competent to
finish their contracts by the time stipulated.
Section No. 1, including lhe dam at the upper
end ot the line, the guard and stop gates, wa ste
ways, bridges, and some other minor w orks, re
quire a short time to perfect the plans, and nit ty
be let as fast as they can be prepared.
With a view to improving and lessening the
expense of the entire line, I have engaged some
hands to bore the deepest excavations to the lull
depth, in order to ascertain whether rock or
quicksand would be encountered, previous to
making a final location. The importance of
this will be seen, when I stale the fact, that it
one foot depth of rock should be found in the
t bottom ofthe Canal, it would add ar least S3OOO
per mile lo lhe cost; and it frequently happens
I tnat the surface of the rocks descends toward*
. the river, while the overlaying surface of lie
earth is level or nearly so. These examtna
r tions, however, will not interfere with thecom
y mencement of your Canal as soon as the con
-1 tractors are ready.
, Respectfully submitted.
C. O. SANFORD, Engineer.
Office of the Augusta Canal Commissioners, I
May 2d, 1845. f
The within is a true and exact copy of the
Report of C. 0. Sanford, Engineer. Recorded
on lhe minutes of the Board, folios 24,25 and
! 26, and also on file in this office.
WILLIAM PHILLIPS,
Set'y lo the Hoard of Auguata Canal Commissioners.
REPORT OFTHE COMMITTEE ON FINANCE.
The Committee on Finance report that they
have deposited the One Hundred Thousand
Dollars ot City Bonds in (fie .following Banks,
viz:
In the Bank of Augusto, $36 000 00
“ “ Georgia R. Ruad & Bk’g Co.’ 25 000 00
“ “ Insurance & Ranking Co. 25 000 00
I “ “.Bank of Brunswick, 14 000 01)
8100 000 00
And hand herewith the receipts ofthe respec-
: live Cashiers of the above Banks lor the differ
ent amounts, which they request may be taken
as part of this repot t.
JOHN BONES,
WM. M. D’ANTIGNAC,
JOHN H. MANN.
Committee on Finance.
Augusta, 30th April, 1815.
Office of lhe Augusta Canal Commissioners, )
May 2d, 1845 f
The above is a true and exact copy of the
report of lhe Committee on Finance. Recorded
on lhe Minutes of the Board at folio 21, and
also on file in therr office.
WILLIAM PHILLIPS,
See'ry to the Board of Augusta Canal Commissioners.
Reversion of Lots drawn In the Land
and Gold Lotteries of Georgia.
By an act of the Legislature of 1833, all
Lots, urawu by individuals (except idiots, luna
tics, and orphans) in lhe Lottery of 1821, em
bracing the counties of, originally, Dooly,
Houston, Monroe, Henry and Fayette; also
in that of 1827, embracing, originally, Lee,
Muscogee, Troup, Coweta, and Carroll; ata.
- -r- .1. ... —Sy
but nowCaerokee,-Forsyth, Cobb, Cass,Lump
kin, Gilmer, Murray. Walker, Paulding, Dane,
Chattooga, Union, and Floyd; the grams lot
which not having been taken out by them, re
verted to the Slate, on ihe Ist day of October,
1844. Further provisions ot the same act,
enabled any person, a citizen of this Stale, to
gram any reverted lot, from and after Hie Ist
day of Oct, ber last, at S2OOO from and alter
thelstdayof November, at 81500—tiom and
after the" Ist day ot December, at slooo—and
from and alter jhe Ist day of January, anu until
lhe Ist day of May, inclusive, at SSOO.
But one lot, according to the above provisions
ot the act, was granted, and that was dune on
the 23d dav of April, at SSOO.
The other provisions oi the act are to this
effect. From and alter the first day of May,
instant, anv person a citizen of this Slate can
grant a lot, at $250 fiom and after the first day
otJuly next, at sloo from and alter the fhst
of September next, at s2s—and irom and alter
the Ist ot January next, at $5.
U; to thistime, only 15 lots have been grant
ed at $250, but we presume, many more will be
granted at the same price.
We have made thisstatement, in consequence
■of learning that a report extensively prevails all
over the country, that the act ot 1843, has been
suspended in its operations by the Governor.
Such is not lhe fact—and parties interested,
: particularly tenants in possession, who have
purchased from the drawers reverted lots, had
better look to their interests We have heard ot
many a hard case, where lots have been sold by
drawers, at high prices, and « here the grants
have aever been applied tor by either drawer or
purchaser. Such tots have reverted lo the
Stale, and can be granted by any one applying
for them. But the terran in possession, it any
one apply for a grant at the time he does, has
the preference, and can get the grant.
Let no one be deceived by reports—the law is
daily executing, and will be executed in strict
accordance wiih its provisions! - Georgia Jour.
Ma. Calhoun on Oregon.—Mr. Calhoun,
in January, 1843. when he was in ihe Senate,
delivered a speech upon it, in opposition lo the
immediate occupation, in which he' contended
that we could not hold it against the opposiiion
of Great Bri ain. After having recapitulated
the history of the Oregon negotiation, he said:
“ With these preliminary remarks, I repeat
the question, has thelimearrived, when it would
be wts anil prudent tor us to attempt to assert
and maintain ourexelusive right to the territory
against the adverse and conflicting claim of
I Great Britain? I answer, No, it has not: and
that foT the decisive reason, because the attempt,
if made, must prove unsuccessful against the
resistance ot Great Britain. We could neither
take nor hold it against her; and that, tor a
reason not less decisive—that she could in a
much shorter time, and at la r less expense, eon.
eeotrateafar greater force than we could in the
territory.” ,
r how that Great Britain hasalreadya large army
I in the Pacific Ocean, capable of being concen
trated in six weeks al the mouth ofthe Cotum
bia. On the other hand we have no force there.
He adds:
“Our fleet would have to sail from our own
shores, and would have to cross lhe line and
double Cape Horn in 56 degrees of south lati
tude; and turninsr north, reeross the line, and
ascend lo latitude 46 north, in order lo reach the
mouth ofthe Columbia river—a distance Irom
New-York of 13 000 miles, and which would
require a run of more than 18,000 of actual
sailingon the usual route. Instead of six weeks,
the voyage would require six months. I speak
on the authority of one oi the most experienced
officers attached to the Navy Department.
“ These facts are decisive. We could do no
thing by water. As tar as that element is con
cerned, we could not oppose to her a gun or a
soldier in the territory."
Havingestablishud that we could do nothing by
water, Mr. Calhoun goes on to demonstrate that
we could do nothing bv land-that the distance
from a central point in Missouri to the Colum
bia river is 2000 mileq, and that it would be
utterly impossible, in any reasonable time, for
us to march an army that distance, through an
uncul.ivated country, and surrounded by hos
tile In dians, and to bring it effectively into the
field against the arms which Great Britain
would already have there,
Seeing, then, that we could do nothing to
maintain the territory by arms, at this time, Mr
Calhoun asks, “Shall we abandon our claim lo
the territory 1” and answers:
“No. lam utterly opposed to that; but, as
bad as that would be, it would not be as much
so as to adopt a rash and precipitate measure,
which, after great sacrifices, would finally <enil
in its foss.”
He men proves that a fight with Great Bri
' tain, for it now must, for the reasons above stated,
terminate in its lo«s to the United Stales. He
[. contends that our claim is to be preserved by
waiting. “All we want,” says he, “to effect
our object in this, is wise and masterly inactivi
, |yi” “In the period ot thirty-two years,” he
goes on to say, “which have elapsed, since I
took my seat in the House, the Indian frontier
has receded a thousand miles West."
And this iS true. Let us bide our time.—
Great Britain may not now acknowledge our
rights. 11 not, we can wait It is impossible
to stop the progress ot emigration to the West,
i and “our time" m assert our claim is when an
army ofour citizens may be formed trom the
cultivators of it e soil where the contest is to be
decitl d. England may then send btr armies to
Oregon, but they will encounter on their ap
proach a band of American citizens already
leagued to oppose them.— Baltimore Patriot.
Tur JCot.iAN Attachment—Tom Dun-
■ combe being asked by Lord Alvanley wbais a
; cies of attachmentthis was, replied : “Frotnit'
, being called xEo|lan. he imagined it signified
making love lo a rich woman, which he coh
i sideted was an admirable method of raising tiie
> wind.— Bus'on Trans
An old American copper coin, one of the
pennies issued in the year 1784, was turned up
a dav or two ago, in digging a garden at New
ark, ’New-Jersey. It bears on one side the
initials “U. 5. encircled with “ Libertas et
Justiiia,” and on the other a central star, out of
’ which looks the All-seemg eye, stirroumled bv
1 the constellation “Thirteen,” and inscribed
> “Nova Constellatio.”
• ’ The largest free known in Mexico, and the
l one on which De Candolle made his estimate
r of the age of this continent is a cypress, ( Taxo-
dititn distichum) and is 118 feet in circumfer
ence.
. The celebrated chesnut on Mount Ttna is
j 163 teet in circumference, but is evidently com
e posedot five trunks.
0 The P.j-iland Bulletin describes what it
calls a “Sea Pear,” which may be found be
neath the waves along the sea coas of M-tine.
r Off Frenchman’s Bay the fishermen frequent
, |y drag samples of it attached to their kel
'~Xcs..r anchors. It adhereTtiV'
to theTffSd in deef water, has a vegetable stem
y about th rekteetur length, to which the animal
portion, shape is like a pear, attaches.
It is difficult to determine exactly where the ve
t getable emerges into the animal, but it is by no
? means so difficult to perceive that the lower
. portion in reality is ot a vegetable and the up-
per part of an animal nature. When handled,
t" the ani rial portion shrinks within itself until it
j becomes as hard almost as a stone. On dissec-
I ti on, organs of digestion, respiration, and the
v* rious other appurtenances of organized be-
1 ing s, are readily perceived, and it is evidently
? sus. teptible ot pain. ’
* Ft iuit.—The demand in England for Arneri
s can fl uit is likely to become a matter of consid-
- erable importance. A large quantity of apples
. was se> it there last seasoh and paid well. Many
‘ orchard ’of five, ten anti twenty thousand trees
' have late'ly been planted in the Hudson River
- Counties, with a view of growing apples for
export to .foreign countries. We see no reason
why peach cs lro,n New Jersey, and other At
lantic regions where they Will grow, cannot be
sent to Enelt ,nd by steamersk and arrive in gooc
■ condition.— l Advertisir.
'Agrirultural.
The southern cultivator.
We give below several communications and
otherarliclesfrom the Cultivator, Lo which we
invite lhe attention, of planters, and all who feel
an interest in the success ot a work devoted ex
clusively to the advancement of Southern Agri
culture. Let the planter first peruse the article
from the pen ot the Editor, headed " Correspon
dents,” let him then read the articles which fol
low, and we will leave it to him to say whether
it is not worthy an exertion to extend its circu
lation and influence. There is no way to re
deem the agriculture ofthe South Irom the de
pression under which it labors, save by the more
general circulation of knowledge upon the sub
ject. Through the columns of the Cultivator,
the planter can communicate with his more dis
tant neighbors, giving them the results of his
experiments, successes, failures, &c., which
cannot fail to benefit all within the sphere of its
influence. We give the articles below in order
that those who have not yet subscribed, may see
the genet al character and scope ofthe work, and
the objects which it -is designed to accomplish.
The price at which it is published prevents our
sending agents to obtain subscriptions, and it
therefore rests with planters themselves, who
feel an interest in the success of the work, to ex
tend its circulation by tlieir own individual ex
ertipns. •, _
Correspondents.
It would not be a very difficult task to make
the Cttt.TivATOß a scientific paper,fillingit with
lhe specujat ions of philosophy, and extracts from
Cbaptal, Davy, Liebig, Johnston, Boussmgault,
and others. But this is not what lhe country
wants just now. A paper so made up would not
find many readers, simply because what would
be offered lo be read, would be too far remo
ved from the every day business of the planter.
What we want now, is a plain account of the
experiments of men oi plain common sense.
There are now but few persons engaged in till
ing the soil who do not believe that old processes
may be varied with certain benefit to the erpp
and profit to its owner: and thus believing, they
are very likely to make experiments of some
sort or other, and note the results. When they
meet their neighbors on j üblie occasions, these
experiments and their results are the subject of
conversation, unless party politics should hap
pen to exclude every thing else. It would not
he much trouble, of a long winter night, or a
rainy day, to write ou an account us these ex
periments for publication in the Cultivator
Now, this is just what we want: that our plan
enlarge the sphere of their conversa
tion, and besides talking with their immediate
neighbors, shall talk through the pages of the
Cultivator with men engaged in the same pur
suit, one hundred miles distant; that the plan
ter orr the Savannah River shall talk and com
pare notes with the planter on the Chattahoochee,
and he ot the mountains with him ol the sea
coast, without leaving theirown firesides. But
you say you can’t write. You can talk, though ;
and all you have to du is to banish tiie idea so
prevalent, that when you take pen in hand you
must get on stilts, and go hunting big,words io
lhe Dictionary, wherewith to construct high
sounding sentences: thus trying to write in a
stvle anff manner altogether different (mm 'hat
you use whan talking to your neighbor. Banish
this notion altogether; take your pen, and pm
down on paper, just what you would say to your
neigSbor-ajigLcs you would say it when speak
ing of and you will then suc
ceed
errors-?grantiiiar, •
interested in the results Os experiments thus de
tailed, then- will be the time to bring forward the
science of the matter; then men will begin to
be anxious to know lhe plain why and because
11 these results. Then we may venture to in
troduce a larger portion of philosophy into lhe
pages of the Cultivator. But, for the present,
for the great mass of our readers, we want just
such articles as our paper of to-day contains,
over lhe signatures of our correspondents; these
we can salely recommend as specimens ol what
planters should write about, and of the way it
which it should be written.
When we shall be able, withtheAlbanyCul
tivator, to beast ol having three hundredcorres
pondents, most of them practical, working plan
ters, and shall have such a subscription list as
will warrant our incurring the expense neces
sary to make lhe Cultivator, in other respects
what we wish it to be. we shall feel that we have
not lived altogether tn vain.
From lhe Southern Cultivator.
Brea -Stufts—A Contrast.
The consequences of an ahundunce of Bread Stuffs on the
pcosp r:ly of a Country, contrasted with an a/mtnee if
th .t plenty and cheapness.
Any one who has >ccasion to visit the North
ern Slates, obs< tves, on returning homeward,
fact that startles him in the difference presente
to the eye, in tile two sections ot country. There
he sei e an appearance of comfort; men of very
modetate means aye in neat housis; those o
greater wealth in splendid ones; there seems tc
be a place for every thing, and every thing is in its
place. Here, th picture is altogether different;
people sevm to regard their places of abode as ne
cessary evils, and pay as lit le attention to ma
king them either neat or comfortable as possible
They seem to esteem a house and its fixture
like an Arab does his tent, as something that is
to be occupied for only a brief moment, and ant
pains and expense in adapting it to comfortabk
living, as an unnecessarv waste of time and ni >
ney. As to ornamenting the grounds aro md it,
with trees and shrubbery, sueh an idea does not
seem to have occulted to the iccupnnt.
There if you hive occasion to stop at a house
in lhecoimt-y, you find at the tabl , food prepari d
properly; a d butter, milk, and seasonable vege
tables are set before you. Here, you have that
etern d di h -fried bacon, or pork, if it is winter,
swimming in grease, “ and n ithinu else,” > x
cept “ long collar,ls" and bread. Theownermay
nave his principal wealth in cattle, to tlie’amoum
of many Hundred, as is the case in some places,
and if it is winter or spring, he lias not an ounce
■>f butter to offer you, and rarely even mitk
enough to put in your coffee.
Inquire the price of building a house there and
the am mnt is small. He e. th- co-t is so great,
as to deter any one from building a good one, any
whereelse than in n large town. It would be
thought extravagance to entertain the idea in the
country.
There is a cause for this disparity in the condi
ti mand appearance of these two sections of the
same countiy. Whalisthatcause? Thisques
li in ha» been often askcu in our presence, and
ihe answer has always involved some abstrusiiy
wholly irrelevant to the subject,in our view of th"
case. Are we lessinfolligent than our neighbo s’!
Has a genial sun rendered us les- c ipable oi the
use of our menial faculties than they I This
will h irdly be admitted, 'he real cause, from
its very o iviousness. seems to have been over
looked, in searching after remote ones It is be
, cans they produce bread and meat in abundance,
and we do not. That there are other auxiliary
cans s. in the way of um qual revenue-laws, &c.
which tend to raise one section and depress an
other, we doubt not; but the radical cause is the
one we have stated, we believe.
1 In order to see its effect read'y, let us suppose
you have a house to build. You must have lum
her, brick and lime; a carpenter is to be employ
ed to build the house, a bricklayer to ni ke lhe
1 chlmnies and plaster tjje walls. The sawyer
- asks you a price for the lumber that appears high,
. when taken in connection with the plenty and
- cheapness of water power and ine timber, but
lie solves the difficulty very soon, by telling you
5 the price he has to pay for corn, to subsist hitn
t' "Stiff, ffN-lrtntls, and his mules, which haul th
- stocks to the mill atbLlhe lumber away from it.
Each mule, purchased from a Kentuckian, costs
’ him 875 or 830, and the corn to feed them costs
’ him, to assume the current rates in Macon at this
1 date, 75 cents per bushel. It is easy to see the
r effe r t of this on lumber. The same reasons ap-
- ply with ths brick-maker, and lime-burner, pre
, cisely Then go to thecarpenter and bricklayer
t and tell them the price of building a house and
a chimnev and of plastering nt the North, and
e ask them why they cannot aiibrd to work at the
same rates They will foil you that living is
.. cheap at the North, it is dear here. And you
have a solution of the while mystery, and build
your 11 >use at twice the cost which would be ne
cessary, i r you lived in a country where provis-
I ions were plenty and cheap.
But here the farmer turns upon ns, and asks,
, Whit is to become of me if I can get but 25 cents
f for my corn? We answer, that with an abun
s dance of corn at that price, and every thing else
r at a proportionate rate, you will live more plenti
” fully, mote comfortably and -independently in
n every respect; yourself, and the whole face of
I- be country and' its population, from the petti
■e fogger to the pig, inclusively, will be better oil
■d and happier. What is the differe :ce to the far
merin dollars and cents, if he gets 25 cents for
his 7orn, and cm i bull'd a hattsefor 8100, or If he
gets 75 cents, and the house costs him 81 00?
It is us broad ns it is lottgi so far oncost is con
eerned But as to his comfort and ibc general
proupenty of the euunlry, thwfo » great- dif
ference.
Th: re Is this essential difference in the habits
of a Northern and a Southern men. The one,
whether In Connecfient,or in Gebtgia, if he re
moves here permanently- thinks in the irst place
of mtiking himself, as Bdfffo Moo! Jarvie says,
‘ what he calls comfortable.” Then he looks out
as keenly.as other mon for the ways and mea ts
of getting rich, but he must be comfortable while
he is doing it. Every thing must be neat and
ridy about him 't he other, w thotit any syste
marie economy, is indifferent about the present,
and lives altogr ther in the hope of realizing a
fortune in the future, when he expects to live as
he pl. ases. And when that ti ne arrives, habit
has grown to be second nature, and as to the
enjjymentsof life he is no better off than when
he began—“ Always to be, but'never blest.—
Frequently careless oven in his pe sonal uttiie,
and always slovenly in the arrangement of his
house, out-houses, gates, fences and grounds.
With evary element of prosperity a country
could ask, we of the Southern Stales are the
most dependant on others, of any people within
our knowledge; and lhe sac ■ ot the land pre
sents to a stranger the most poverty-stricken
aspect of any that meets his eye anywhere.—
This is a humiliating confession from a son of
the soil, “one to the manner born,” but however
disagreeable, it is a truth that must be known
and felt by all before the evil can be obviated.
We scourge ourlands bv continuous’Crops of cot
ton, without a year of res' or rotation, and buy
every thing; while others improve their lands
aid make every thing at home they can. Not to
speak of wearing appar -1, and otheHlke articles
of necessary use, every one of which, coarse
and fine, is made dlvewhete, and is a source of
drain to the industry of this section. But look
on your tables and see if your ffieat. does not
come from Tennessee; look at yourplowsaud see
if every mule that draws them is not bought of
Kentucky; even the horses which draw your
carriages come fr->m there.
Many pursue a line of policy, oil this subject,
the very reverse of their own interests, from a
mistaken idea of what their true.interest is;
other do so from sheer .inertness asd a want of
n flection; some from being deluded by maxims
applicable to particular situations ani necessi les,
and not capable of general application. The Is
land of Malta imports all its brea( stuffs, and
why? Because it is a rock, and inqtqnble. from
its want ot soil, as well assize, to ralMAbem. Is
that the case hero? Englund" tepL's bread
tuffs and yet prospers; and what is the reason ?
By her gfgantic power having, through A credit
system of her own, made herself the hearCqf the
moneta'y world, she can display en appeaiance
of prosperity, in d.spite, and not by reasop, of
that deficie icy. in the capacity of the realin, to
produce provisions sufficient for its accumulated
population. Some of the West India Ishnds,
and some plantations on the Mississippi, d.) not
raise their provisions, but the reasons whicßmay
be good there, do not hold here. We, to hepros
perbus, must make bread and meat plenty and
cheap. Turn the question as you will, re
solves Itself into this. 7 .
In a succeeding aiticle, we discuss the ques
tion of raising our own meat, and endeator to
show that it is the pres. nt. as well as prospective
interest of the farmer to do so. J. B. L.
Nlacon, Ga.
From lhe Southern Cultivator.
Can a farmer buy his meat cheaper than he
can raise it at hornet
—— <
It is a common place remark with a class of
slip-shod sort of planters, that “a tnan can buy
his meat cheaper than he can raise it.” M some
particular junctures, when com.is high and meat
ow, this may be momentarily the case, ifcoiton
happens to bear a fair price at thu time. Taken
for a scries of years, this maxim is devoid of
ttuth, and ruinous to individualsand thi eoun
try in its effects. And what guaranty Jias he
hat thd supply of meat from abroad ma v hot fall
short, as has Leeu the case this year with inules?
And no circumstance lends more about
that result tha i the la'e very low prices, which
are cal culated to dishearten the Tennesseean,
and prevent his bringing the former quantity to
narket. This year meat has bee-i unusually
low, and that vefv fact mav afld 50 per cent to
i.s price another > ear, and lhe meat buying farmr
er will fiiifl hims If at the mercy of tne Tennes
sean. To reason by analogy this will very likely
hippen. Any one can rec >llect that in 1843.
goo I mules sold hereforß>o 10815, and the same
description brought 875 this past winter. What
safeguard has l K e planter who raises neiih r
meat or rqu.es, against these periodical revulsions
in the market of those anic i s‘l—revulsions de
pendant on the taws <if supp.y and demand,
which his helplets situation p.events him from
averting from his own door A planter who
raises corn near a large market town, may some
times make mdnev by selling his corn at a high
price, which usually happens once or so in a sea
son, and buying his meat. But the great mas
of farmers live at a distance from a mariie', and
have no such advantages. But if even this one
turns speculator and sells corn to buy meat, he
will find, in an average of years, he will make but
little bv it.
Let tis examine the question of meat-buying
closely. Sajt two acres of land will produce a
bag of cotton weighing 400 pounds; this, at five
cents, will bo 820. What would this satqe two
acres of ground produce, if ciiltivßtedin earn and
fed to four hogs of a vearold? We have estlma
ted that it produces 800 'Wjgfeof. cpHqu to
la d w hich yt’rfdn that much cmtonjwill bring
0 bushels of, corn! Well, thjjjg^ald’be 40
bushels of corn, w hl- h, fed to foMLhbgs of a year
-ven «. ...._ - r—
make each one weigh certatalp.';, u t..
Multiply this by tour, and wa
of pork as the result, which, at three cents per
pound, is 821— a difference of a dollar against the
theory of “ it is cheaper to buy than to raise, I '*
with the additional advantage of placing the
farmer above the contingeneies'ofa short supply
and high prices.
Since we began this article, in looking over
our papers, the following apposite remarksof the
Albanv Cultivator, on the subject of the pork
market, has met our eye, and we transfer it here
as a corroboration of our suppositions. We had
supposed, in the usual course of things, thisfluc
tuatio > might take place, and it seems that in
(nd it has taken plac sooner than we expected:—
“Deficiency in the Supply or Pork for
1844.—We are not surprised at the falling off in
the amount of pork slaughtered in the West last
season. From 1838 to 1841, it is well known
ihat an excitement, amounting almost to a ma
nia, prevailed through the country in relation to
hogs. Improved breeds were sough after with
great avidity, and in many instances very high
prices were paid, particularly for Berkshires.—
The natural consequence of this excitement was,
first, that unusual numbers of hogs were reared
and fattened, and of course the pork market was
glutted. The unprecedentedly lbw prices of
pork in the western markets, for the years 1841
to 1843. proved almost ruinous to those farmers
who relied on that article for their chief income.
Many farmers were forced to sell their hogs for
no more than a dollar and fifty cents per hundred,
dead wqjght.’ and in some instances for less.
They could not stand such low prices, and
hence followed the second result of the former
excitement, viz: .the ra sing nf but a small num
ber of hogs, and the fa ling off in the quantity of
pork killed in ihe western country last year. We
set it stated in various papers hat the amount
packed at Cincinnati last year was less by one
third than for the year previous. At St. Louis it
is said the decrease is still greater; and through
•he State of Illinois there is said to have been a
falling off of from one-third
ihe fa ting «»fl was much greater, as we are in
formed. at the interior slaughtering places, than
at inci mati. In the Scioto valley, for instance,
where the number slaughtered at nine places in
1843 was 121,800, the number for 1944 is only
18 350. 11 seems robable,from present prospects,
that pork will command at. least r numerating
prices the coming fall, and those farm rs who
had the foresight to see this, and have wisely
provided themselves with a sufficient stock of a
good breed of hogs, will be likely to reap their
reward.”
So we may expect an increase of price, for
'Ome time to come, and the sam-i causes which
have produ ed this reaction in Ohio, will proba
bly develops themselvesin Tennessee a year later,
n time to affect the next winter’s supply of pork
here. Now let us suppose that the planter, who
purchased his meat last winter at three cents,
should have to pay five cents for it the next, and
see how our calculation above wiil stand affected
by it. The 700 pounds if meat at that increased
price would be worth $35, which would be a.dif
ference of sls against his anti-meat raiding sys
tem And while these serious changes are taking
place, may there not be a declimM£/’atton 2—-
Such things take place occasionally, as he is
aware; and, instead of purchasing his meat
with cotton at five cents, or, in Other .wofu«,
giving a p »und of cotton for a p ’imd of Qieit,
may not cotton fall to four c nts? In that cas
it makes the difference stand against his theory
at sl9, or very near one hundred per cent.
We trust that we have shown, that if at parti
cular times, for a «hort period at best, the planter
does well to buy his supply of nv at, with the
proceeds o his cotton and corn, in the ma n that
p an is destructive of his own interests, and in a
high degree prejudicial ta the general welfare and
prosperity of the community at large. The far
mer is truly the bone and sinew of the country.
His prosperity makes all others prosperous, and
his ruin is succeeded by a destruction to all other
callings. If collectively, the farmers of a coun
try pursue a correct policy, which results happily
to themselves, the whole land smiles; if they
pursue the infatuated c »urse, heretofore follow
ed in Geoigia, the country is clad in the lugubri
ous ra J inent of sa -k-cloth and ashes. When
will the farmers of Georgia pursue their true in
terests, and raise the dejected head of their be
loved State? -J. B. L.
Macon, <?a., April, 1845.
"Let practical farmers examine all the above calcu
lations. and make such alterations as may suit the
yield of their land, and accord wuh their experience,
and they will find that we are not far from right in the
main. ______
1 For the Southern Cultivator.
silk.
Mr. Camak:—Tn orde- to induce my brother
farmers to plant less cotton and turn their atten
tion to something else, I wouiiLinform them,
[ through your valuable paper, that 1 have been
[ raising.silk in this county for the last six years,
j and have found it a profitable and interesting
s employment. So w r e!l satisfied ata I that it is
i the best agricultural pursuit now followed, that I
i have just completed an extensive cocoonry, and
- planted out five acres more of mulberry trees;
- and I intend to increase my stock annually. I
have all my cocoons reeled, made into sewing
, silk, dyed, and put up in skeins, by my own fam
? ily; and I find no d fficulty in selling it at a fair
- price.
s lam prepared for reeling extensively; and
- would give a fair price for cococns delivered at
t Savannah, or at the twenty or thirty mile station,
f on the Central Rail Road. For good cocoons, of
the present year’? crop, cured by exposure to the
I heat of the sun, (which is much better than
. steaming or baking in an oven,} from which all
r the double and soft ones have been picked, and
X
i the floss taken off, I will give two dollars and fifty
' cen s per bushel. A first rale article would be
worth omethlng more.
I send you a few skeins of silk ns a sample of
what has been done, and of what, (with a little
care and attention) might be done, by almost any
farmer in the Mate.
Your ob’t. serv't. Hugh Cassxdzv.
Foi the Southern Cultivator.
The Bommerf Method of Making Manure.
Ma. Editor— At the request of a friend, who
entertains perhaps too favorable anopinion of my
practical knowledge of planting, I send you, for
publication, the following remarks on my experi
ment ort the Bommermethodof making manure,
it was no part of my purpose, at the outset, to
?üblish anything in relation to this process, which
knew was already in tne hands of mjny who
were every way more capable of performing this
public service. This will account for, if not ex
cuse, that want of precision in the tesults of the
experiment, which could alone render it of the
slightest imnortance to scientific agriculture.
Where this precision is wanting, my individual
opinion must go for what it is worth.
In the latter part of 1843. I purchased the pa
tent Bommermethodof making manure, and, in
January, 1814,1 put up a heap 30 by 40 feet, and
f> feet high, composed of leaves, straw, a large
proportion of which was of corn stalks, which I
watered for about six weeks, according to the
printed directions which accompany the parent
During this period, the weather was extremely
cold and dry, which is considered the most unfa
vorable state of the atmosphere, forfermen'ation
or decomposition. On examination of the heap,
I found the materials had very unequally decom
posed; that the most solid matters, as the corn
and cotton-stalks, were but slightly decomposed,
while the less solid, such as straw, leaves, Ac.,
were rapidly rotting, though not thoroughly de
composed. Into the lye, with which the heap
had been watered, I pnt four barrels lime, thirty
pounds saltpetre, and two two-horse wagon loads
of fresh stable manure.
About the first of March, one half of the heap
was hauled out, on one part of a field of worn
land, the other part of which I manured with lot
and stable manure, and planted the whole field in
corn. The yield was, I thin <, about double the
usual crop ; and the best judges that saw the field
pronounced that part manured by the Bommer
manure decidedly the best. The other half of
the heap was hauled out on part of a cotton field,
otherwise unmanured. In the spring and firet
part of the summer, there were periods of pro
tracted drought, and the p-oduct of manured
lands, whether with cotton seed, stable manure,
or Bommer’s manure, was not what mistht have
been anticipated. But the decided sup riurity of
the Bommer manure, imperfectly rotted as it was,
over the stable manure, was so marked that the
slightest ob-ervation could not fail Io detect the
difference in the size and vigor of the stalks and
ears. Its effects upon the cotton was no less de
cided ; and though 1 did not weigh the product,
I feel assured that it was increased'by the Bom
mer mmure at least one hundred per cent, over
the unmanured part of the field.
In February, 1«44, I put up another heap; of
the laborand time employed on which, I am ena
bed to give a more specific account. 1 had fifteen
handsand two wagons engagedin this work; the
materials employed were pine leaves, straw, and
corn stalks, all in a dry state, much the largest
portion being pine leaves. The site was cleared
of t ees and shrubs, by digging up their roots.
The vat was excavated, and the grate construct
ed, and 500 wagon loads of material were put on,
and all in readiness for watering in eight days.
This mav give an idea of the labor necessary
to putting up the first heap, though greatly exag
gerated as to the time a> d labor to b ■ bestowed
on any subsequent heap—for full half the time
and labor wasconsumod in clearing the irees, ex
cavating the vat, and making the grate, which
need nothing but slight rep drs to keep them ser
viceable for years. On this last heap, I used ten
barrels of. lime, four loads ashes, forty pounds
saltpetre, four r ushels common salt, and about ■
four loads fresh stable manure. From this heap,
I hauled on a cotton field about 300 wagon loads
of as fine, rich, well rotted oanure as I have
ever seen, and have manured for the present crop
about thirty acres in drill, filling up rie furrow
with the manure. I have applied the lye tn my
garden vegetables, with the most happy effects.
Under its application, beetsand cabbage plants
thrive beyond any thing in my former experience
i gardening. It is. indeed, to this mixture. I
ascribe the chief efficacy of the manure, and lhe
absorption of lhe largest quantity of the 0.. m
pound is of the greatest importance to the fer
tilizing property of the manure. The frequent
and thorougn walering is therefore of indispen
sable necessity. Disappointment awaits the far
mer who does not give this part of the process'
constant attention. To obviate as far as possi
b e, tbit laborious part of the process, 1 have
used a commo i plank pump, of three inches
bore, made bv a common carpenter with a hose
made of cotton or osnaburgs, which should be
oiled or painted. With these appliances, three
able bodied hands watered the heap, after it was
fully satu-ated, in three or four horns.
In conclusion, I have no hesitation in declar
ing my opinion,-that a planter may manufacture
as’much of this manure in the year as he can
haul out in the next spring; that the labor and
trouble of the method, when once fairly under
way, is scarcely beyond what is incident to mak
ing manure qf any otherkin I; that the expense is
trifling, In comparison with the returns of the
outlay; and I heartily and honestly recommend
it to every farmer and planter, who wishes to in
crease the product of his fields, and render their
improvement permanent.
Yours, Ac. William Btne.
Bermuda Grass.
To the Editor of the Southern Cultivator*; *
■ 21th Feb. was duly received; and the reason lot
my not answering it before this, was, first, 1
have been much oi the time since from home,
and secondly, you have asked me for informa
tion on a subject which I consider ol more im
portance to the agricultural interest ol our Sialt
tfian any other; andon which, if it can be given
satisfactorily, the man who does it will deserve,
not only lhe stiver cup, but the thanks and grati
tude ol our whole community. Ils importance,
therefore, caused me to hesitate whether 1 could
give you the desired information, as I have not
yet satisfied myselt fully whether to look upon
Bermuda Grass as a friend or enemy, a blessing
or a cuise. You have asked me togive you, in
detail, both my opinion of the value of the grass
and my plan to get rid of it, when we want the
lan I it occupies ibr other purposes. Now, if 1
could tell you satisfactorily how to accomplish
the lat'er, without too much expense, (it indeed
it can be killed at all.) then there would be no
difficulty in saying, that this grass would be in
valuable. Not so much for grazing, as .Mr.
Spalding states, or for hay, as Mr. Affleck says
in your January nunrber, as for the great bene
fit to our worn out lands, by putting them down
in this grass, while not in hoed crops, to keep t
them from washing, and tor giving them a sod i
of turf to supply the place of red clover. The t
ten thousand rootsand runners, with considera
ble substance, (as one of the above named gen- <
tiemen st.,tes,) afford valuable organic mailer, >
to be turned under, when the land is lai owed, '
previous to a hoed crop, which 1 have tound t
inttch improves the soil, when you succeed in t
killing and causing these roots, &c. to be de- <
composed in the earth.
This brings me directly to the task of giving I
you my little experience in killing it, when the i
land is wanted for other purposes. Some four <
or five years since, I had a favorite four acre lot, <
which had been entirely overrun by this grass, t
so as to be rendered useless tor any' other pur- t
nose than grazing. 1 concluded to try my hand t
in killing the grass in this 101, if I did not in I
other now large growing patches on my farm. <
1 prepared myself with Ruggles, Nourse & i
Mason’s celebrated lour-horse plow; put four I
strong mules to it, in April, turned the sod over, t
(better to have beendonein the fall so as to have i
the benefit of the frost,) let it lie a month, then
harrowed it well with a heavy iron-tooth har
row, then drilled and-planted the common cow- i
pea three left wide, and cultivated well. The .
peas grew finely; I should think, off the lour
acres, I saved twelve or fifteen mns good pea
hay, polled up by the routs when the peas were
ripening. 1 sowed the lot down in wheat
as soon as the peas came off. I look from the
four acres, without manure, over one hundred
bushels of clean wheat. By this lime, by means
of the pea crop, which was’large, and succeed- >
ed by a wheat crop, also very good, 1 had so
shaded the sun-loving Betmuda that i'tould
hardly see any of its roots, much less the above
gtoutid runners. So great was my suppose 1
triumph, that 1 crowed largely over my fallen
enemy, and talked mueb of its value among my
neighbors, and told them that I did not dread it,
but rather intended to court a still more intimate
acquaintance with it. Alter the wheal crop
came off, 1 manured but lightly, fallowed and
. put the lot in readiness for Ruta-Baga. In July
1 commenc d sowing in drills. lam certain 1
rook from these tour acres, over three thousand
bushels of the finest tn nips I ever saw grow in
any country. After the turnips came off, I saw,
in many places in the lot, bunches of the Ber
muda. ’ I then planted the whole four acres in
squashes, and made a finecrop lormy hogs, and
as fine a lot of Bermuda as I had al the begin
ning-1 So, I thought 1 had killed ir, but tound 1
was mistaken. I now'think I did not pursue
the rotation of overshading crops long enough,
to kill every root in the ground.
t have no idea it can be killed in any other
way than by overshadowing crops by those w ho
have much of it, without too much expense. As
to killing it by any kindot plowing, or planting
hoed crops among it, this is utterly impossible,
and particularly on our red stiff lands, such as
mine are. it is a great deal easier to manage it
in light and sandy lands; though even in these,
you do not exterminate it, but by constant cul
ture you may keep it under so as to make crops.
! I am now just commencing to try a new
method ot destroying this grass, and that is, by
a rotation of peas and Jerusalem artichokes, or
perhaps peas, wheat, and then artichokes. 1
have, trom what I have seen of the artichoke,
great faith in its being a valuable smotherer, for
I would as soon try to drown a fish by throwing
’ him tn the water, as to kill Bermuda Grass by
never so much working in the sun. Besides, if
; this will kill it, you do so with a most valuable
? crop for swine.
1 I have tried various other methods to kill this
i grass, with little or no success, and which it is
; needless now to mention, as to my mind there is
1 no way so likely to be successful as by over-
I shadowing crops, and that in succession for
' some two or three years; and when we sh ill be
r able io manage it, (if, indeed, we shall ever be,)
, it will be looked upon as a great blessing, which
, I must think a kind Providence intended it to
I be. John Cvnninohxm.
,’f Greensboro, (Ga ) Mnrch 20, 1845.
n Ij’ln New Orleans upwards of 910,000 have
II been collected an t forwarded to the sufferers, by
d the late fire in Pittsburgh.
Forth* ,swil>»r.n Cultivator.
i Beep Plowing.
: Mr. Camak— By your request, I give you the
I result oi a trial made by 'he lasi rear
■ in deep plowing Having received, late ml' b
r(iary, sever#! -Varieties of srb£at, disiu billed
from the Patent oflice, I immediately prepared
a small piece of ground in the following man
ner: first, 1 ran a good turning plow and io.low
ed in the same furrow with a long acooier. 1
1 allended to it in person, and am certain that the
ground was thoroughly broken, to the depth oi
’ both plows The wheat, as 1 teared, was Coo
late, and was destroyed by the rust. A thick
coat of crab grass came up and was sn.nered to
grow until August, when it wascut and cured
’ making, on about a quarter of an acre, three cart
( loads of most excellent hay of unusual length,
measuring three feet and upwards, indeed, i.
was the thickest and most luxuriant plat or
grass I ever saw.
The land was without manure ; the season was
unusually dry, so much so, that 1 made but lit
tie over half a crop of corn 1 bad another
piece ol land left for the purpose of making hay,
which I know to be a great deal richer, having
had the drainings bi the horse-lot for years
This received one single plowing, but did not
produce grass high enough to cut. Thes ® !*L cts
led me lo reflect upon lhe cause of the diner
ence between the product of the two pieces, with
out intending it as a comparative experiment.
The result, together with the attending circum
stances, satisfied me that the superior yield ol
the unmanured piece could be attributed alone
to the thorough and f/ce/Fplowing it received in
the spring. Very respectfully,
Williams Rutherford, JI.
Cowpens, Walton Co., MarchQX, 1845.
From the Mobile (Ala.) Register & Journal.
Indigo.
That a new system of planting must be adopt
ed in the South, is a singularly general opinion
For individuals to discover their errors, is not
entirely a common occurrence; but tor a whole
country to be convinced of an erroneous course,
is assuredly singular, and a flattering omen oi
the probable correction of error. The J ln_
formed of our citizens appear to have picked up.
w thin a few months, the solid reasons for a de
viation from the track that we have been in lor
years, and admit the superior good sense of the
Northern farmers in their plan of ‘ mixed crops
This, with others, is certainly one of the lessons
of practical wisdom, that the state ol
things has taught our people, for the sheer fact
is this depression has set them to thinking-
The idea of a “full crop” of cotton, grew up
with the article, in our planting community, anu
strange as true, it never was applied to any other
production of agriculture throughout our coun
try Had the same idea got hold of the Northern
and Western farmers, as regards the article ol
hemp, the same result would have followed, and
Img ere this, that plant would not have been
worth raising.
Unfortunately for the South, the idea which
we now can view as preposterous in the extreme,
has in its result destroyed for the present the
possibility of labor directed to the production o>
the great hitherto staple of the South finding a
fair remuneration, and placed lhe country in the
awkward state es embarrassment in which we
findit. Oneassurance, however,ota bettei state
of things, is that unanimity of sentiment and
views in the community, as regards an imnie
liate change of our course and the adoption of a
wiser one. , ...
A few days ago, I was forcibly struck with the
absurdly extravagant inconsistency of the course
the country has been pursuing, by observing a
domestic incident. On sitting down to dinner,
certainly not a sumptuous, but simply a corntort
able one, I was astonished to see the number of
States and Territories of the Union, wiin differ
ent parts of the habitable globe, that appeared to
be called in requisition to provide for it. I saw
before n.e a part of a -ham from Westphalia, a
middle of bacon from Ohio, a piece of Fulton
Market beef, potatoes from Connecticui, with
onions from Massachusetts, a pudding, the basis
of which was produced in South Carolina, inus
tard from England, sweet oil from Florence, pep
per from the East Indies, sugar from lhe Wear
Indies, and coffee from Java. The flesert al
though simple, brought together the North and
South—apples from Vermont, and oranges from
St. Augustine, etc., and last of all a Bologna
sausage, made of no one knows what, but all the
way from Italy, consequently, like all other for
eign preparations for lhe gourmand, must be
superior. The production of Zerez in the way
of liquid, and a littre of France, in the form ol
eogmac, settled the account
1 corneas 1 was left after a heavy dinner with
the reflection that the rationale ot all this cou d
not be laid down, and as soon as possible I quf
reflecting on lhe subject.
My lasi paper suit rested to the planting inter
est the addition to their crops of Indigo. This
dye-rtuff, it must be recollected, we import an
nually to a large amount, and this consideration,
rdded to the fact, that no substitute has been
f und for it, the vast num efo fabrics it is ne
cessarily attached .to, and the increase of our
manufacturing establishments, mo-t certainly
offers a rational encouragement to direct our la-
Oqr to its production. And to other considera
tions, that the labor requited for its production,
embraces but a short portion of the year, n light
as any other cultivation; and admits attention to
other valuable productions of agriculture, and
last, but not least, the freight or transportation of
this article is almost nominal.
The last consideration to those who notice the
expense and the time required in the different
transportations necessary to bring the at tide oi
a.ttoajo marker, will be Kept in view and drdv
appreciated. A large amount in value can be
put into a small package, and by keeping In a
dry state, this article dbes not deteriorate with
age.
From a communication made by a dyer of no
small celebrity in the North, it is evident that
we have a superior climate and soils lor lhe pro
puction of this dye-stuff, in addition to which the
writer of this article had sent to him a sample of
cotton fabric, the blue colors of which was given
by the production mentioned in a paper hereto
fore, and which, for a transparent hue, could not
be excelled. A future pape' will give what may
be to some new, and who may not be particularly
acquainted wirh the inode of cultivation, the
best soilsand most approved mode; also, lhepro
cess of preparing the coloring rnatterfor market.
South Alabama.
From the Tennessee Agriculturist.
Wool.
We have the satisfaction of knowing that our
efforts to draw the attention of the farming com
munity of our own immediate region to the im
porlant subject of wool growing, is being real
tzed, and that they are awaking to a sense ol the
vast resources that are presenting themselves
through sheep raising, and also ol the increas
ing value of the mountain lands in this State
adapted to this purpose.
A few facts connected with the history of oth
er countries, when brought before the notice of
ihe farmers of Tennessee, and indeed of the
whole of the Southwestern States, if consid
ered with care, will, we think, induce many oi
them to revive their system of sheep husbandry,
and extend them to their utmost limits.
The growth of wool has never been underta
ken by any country or by any people, without
returning to that people all the blessings lobe
enjoyed on this earth, that peace and plenty
could bestow. The political situation of Spain
may for a time, and no doubt will, operate
against that prosperity which she has so long
enjoyed through her wool trade; and it is pro
bable that her flecks may comparatively degen
erate, through the anarchy and confusion itiai
reigns through her once fair provinces. In this
respect, she stands a warning to every true pa
triot, though it is satisfactory to know that even
i his confusion had not taken place until the civ i
lized portion ot the globe have availed them
selves of the treasures once possessed by Spain
alone, but now happily spread to nearly every
corner of the earth.
One reference that we will make to exempli
fy the results of a judicious system ot sheep
husbandry, is to that of Germany, standing a
she does before the world, as the greatest expon
ing wool country known. It is to be borne in
mind, that previous to the year 1765, Saxont
was not a sheep raising co ir try, and that it was
entirely owing to the enlightened policy of he:
then ruler, who enforced his views, especially
amongst his own tenantry, making it a part oi
his agreement with those to whom he rented,
ihat they should keep a certain number of sheep
And let us now see her condition. It appears
from the parliamentary documents, that the
wool impo r ted from Germany int > England, it
the year 1841, amounted to 20.958,775 lbs., being
more 'han a third at all the foreign wool, inclu
ding al) the colonies, imported intothat kingdom
io the course ol that year.
l et us also look at the woo! producing coin
piesot England That ot New South Wales,
established in 1787, under a t the disadvantage
of her convict andcriminal population. In thi
year 1841, (a period ot 54 years from her fii
setllement.)she imported into England 7,993,06.
lbs. of wool; while her more infant establish
ment of Van Dieman’s Land, sent into the
mother counlrv 3 507 531 lbs.—and it is worthy
to remark, that the first ship landed in that island
did lilt lake place till 1807 The total atnoun*
of wool imported into England during the yea:
1841, was 56,170,974 lbs., (which is presumed t<>
be equal to toe amount grown in that country)-
making a total of 112 341,948 lbs. It also ap
pears that there was, at the close of the year,
6,912,060 lbs. ot foreign wool in bond, and, pre
suming there was about ihe same amount ol
home grown wool unmanufactured, the amount
used in.the manufacturing establishments ot
England for 1841, would be as near as possible
100.000,000 lbs.
We have not at hand any report of the amount
of wool grown in the United Stales in 1841,
though we have of that of her imports, which,
it appears, was 11,409,761 lbs. In 1839, the
wool grown in this country was 34.802,114 lbs.;
and the probability is, that the amount was not
much increased in 1841, which, if we take asj.
data to work upon, we have a total of 47,211,878
lbs., being nearly one half the amount manufac
tured by England that year.
Our imports ot manufactured woolen goods,
from England alone, in that year, amounted to
£1 521,880, or says the parlia
mentary report. What amount we imported
trom Germany, France, &c. we are at present
uninforme I o'. That France is manutacturing
extensively, and that she is short of the raw
material, we are assured, from the fact of her
having agents through the whole Western and
Southwestern States, engaged in the put chase
of every quality of wool; and, taking all these
circumstances into consideration, we have this
state of things presented before us:
First, that as a pastoral people withal, and
beyond the necessary resources under our con
trol, we do not grow sufficient wool tor our own
use, but import upwards of J) 10,000,000 w> rth
of mantilactured woolen goods yearly to meet
our demand lor that article, besides a large pro
portion of the uninanofactnred material. That,
if, a commercial people, upon which we pride
' ourselves, w? are^too careless to take advantage
of and meet lhe wishes of a good customer lor
an artich iVhich we can raise in the greatest
abundance, and at a certainly larger amount of
profit than any people. Will’hot our farmers
reflect on these things? Once again," with a
view to drawing their attention to the subject,
! we inform them that every farmer in the Slate
' can have cash for every ounce of wool he can
raise, al more than remunerating prices; that
' one house in Nashville alone, is authorized to
purchase 1,000,000 lbs.—indeed, an unlimited
amount for French exportation; that home con
sum lion must necessarily increase; that, with
ordinary attention, lhe quality and staple of the
wool itself will be so Improved as to produce a
greater return; that our particular section of
1 country is belter adapted to sheep raising than
any other in America; that our climate is such
that we can do all Spain or Australia can ac
complish; that, indeed, nothing is wanting but
the judicious action ot lhe farmers of Tennes
1 see in the improvement ot their breed ot sheep,
and an expansion ol their flocks, to insure them
selves and the State al large a position unequal
led in the annals ot agricultural history, c. f.
Mode of Cultivating Tobacco in the Island
of Cuba.
Your nurseries are lhe first to be attended to,
in your preparation for a crop, by selecting at the
proper season a rich and tolerably moist piece of
new ground, and prepare i' by burning it off very
clean, and breaking it up. The seed is then to
be sown broadcast upon it, and when they are up,
they are to be overlooked dai.y, to see that the
cut worm does not commit ravages among the
young plants; and as fast as the plants arrive at
a prop r size, they are to be transferred to the
Tobacco field, to make room for the smaller plants
of the nursery. As casualties frequently arise to
destroy some of the nurseries, it is necessary to
guard against a probability of not having a suffi
cient number of plants, by making three or four
nurseries, at an interval of one or two weeks each.
Much attention should be observed to keep both
your nurseries and field very clean, particular.y
of grass, and for that reason new lands are pre
ferred for both. In Cuba, they plant on an even
surface, and disturb It as little as possible with
the hoe, only picking out the grass or weeds
which spri g up v The plants, when transferred
to the field, are to be planted in squares, at about
from two to three feet apart, according to the
Strength of the land. The high lands in Cuba
are such as produce the quality of Tobacco, bo h
as to strength and color, that suits the American
market beei, and such lands correspond nearest
to our high hammocks. The greatest enemy to
the rrlauts, both in the nursery and in the fi Ids,
(while small,) is the cut worm, which has to be
looked after early every morel ig, and wherever
they have eaten the plants, they are to be found
and killed, either on lhe plant or on lhe ground
near it. When the plants get to be larger, th, n
tl.elarae green Tobacco-worm is to be constantly
•■■uarded against, and the suckers also continually
broken ort as fast as they appear, and when the
Tobacco is judged to be of a sufficient height, it
is to be topped and allowed to mature f r cutting
The time of maturity is ascertaified by the leaves
changing gradually their color, beginning at the
b rttom leaves, from their deep green growing
color, to a yellowish green; but if this is not suf
ficiently obvious, a d you oeern your Tobacco
ripe, you may test it by crushing together the tip
of any of the upper leaves, which, if it snaps, is
a sign of it - being ripe; but on the contrary, if it
doesnot snap.it is not fully matured Whn
ripe for the ’< nife, it is cut down near the ground,
leaving two seekers, which h ve been spared a
week or two prior, ready to grow up and produce
a second crop, and also a third crop may ne real
rzed i-i lhe same manner. The Tobacco is to be
conveyed carefully in wide thongs of cowhide to
the house, to be hung up; a shed is pnferred,
with free space for ventilation beneath, and alter
tying the plants together tw., to each string, a d
leaving space enough between them to insert a
wooden peg, you hang them up, by intrur'ine
them anove each rafter up to the ridge of the
house, being careful not to hang them so near
hat they will touch or crowd each oti er in dry
ing, or your Tobacco will mould. Iso when the
weather is moist, you must make small fires
enough under it, to keep out the moisture, bi.t
not enough to heat your Tobacco. When the
leaves are perfectly ury, the whole are to be taken
down, a id placi d in a pr.ss for a few hours, the
object f which D. if the Tobacco is too dry to
strip off without breaking the leaves, that they
may become soft and pliable, nut great care must
be taken that it does not heat, and it must be
-trictly examined, by inserting the hand toascer
tain that it becomes not too hot. The press is
made by putting rails or poles crosswise of each
,ther, in fi rm of a rack, and placing cow-hides
under, over and around the Tubacc >, and placing
upon it something somewhat weighty. Itistlien
to be siripped leaf by leaf from the stock, and
being selected, the w appere from the fillers, to
be tied at the butts, and prepared for market, it
i« sometimes usual to put it again in press after
being stripped.— Floridian.
NOTICE.
03- THE WHIG PARTY OF
WARREN COUNTY are respectfully requested
to meet in WARRENTON, on the FIRST
MONDAY IN JUNE next (June 2d,) to appoint
Delegates to attend a Convention to be held at
the Double Wells (Georgia Rail Road,) by the
Whig P rrty of Taliaferro and Warren counties,
to nominate a candidate for Senator for said
counties,and also to nomlnate.candidateafor the
Representative branch of the Legislature for the
county of Warren. MANY CITIZENS,
NEGRf >ES. -The subscribers have
just received from Virginia a lot of 54 ve
ry likely negroes which they offer for sale in
Hamburg on accommodating terms.
mv2-trw&wtf T J. JRNNINGS & CO.
myx-irwoLWii i. |biiui wm u© i uneap iof casn. myo
LICENSED PEDLER*.
** “V<7'HEREAS, by resolutions of the Legislature, it is made the duty of all
v V Civil Officers in the different counties in this State, to deman lof all pedlers and itiner
ant traders, whether they have obtained a license from tho Comptroller, in conformity to ths-provi
sions of the Acts respecting Redlers and itinerant traders, and if such Pedler or trider shall refuse
to produce such license, he shall be arrested by such officer and immediately taken before a Justice
of the Infer! »r Court, or a Justice of the Peace, to be dealt with as the law directs.
“And of the Cb rk of the Inferior Courts in the different counties in this State, to notify tha
Comptroller General, in writing, the names of all Pedlers or itinerant traders passing through their
respective counties.
And whereas, it is also the duty of the Comptroller General to publish qvabtcblv in one of the
public gazettes of Milledgeville, Augusta, Savannah, Darien, Athens, Macon, and in the Columbus
Enquirer of Columbus, tne names of all Pedlers or itinerant traders, who have taken out a license
from him for that purpose.”
Pursuant to the provisoes of the preceding resolution, the following list of pedlers who have
taken out license is published for the information of all concerned. D. E. BOTHWELL,
May 1, 1845. Comptroller General-
Description of Pedlers Licensed.
Names ' ~ Age Height Complexion' Eyea. Hail, bate of l.icenas. Lieenee Expiree
Isa .c Loria; iIT sft 7 inches “Florid Dark Black 4th May, 18,4 4ill May, 1845
Henry Grossmayer, '27lsit 9f inches do Black do 19th do do 19th do do
Thomas A. Harris, 23 sft 7 inches do Hazel do 7th do do 7th do do
XI. Goodman, 34 sft 4f inches Dark Grey do 23d do do 23d do do
Isaac darling. •285 ft 7| inches do Dark Dark 11 th June, do lld June, do
Vs erlty Meidner, 28 sft inches Sallow Black Black 12th do do 12th do do
G. A. Chambers, 25 sft 9 inches Florid Blue Daik 18th do do 18ih do do
Lewis Fox, 31 sitsHnchea Fair. Hazle Black ,oth July, do 30ihJuly, do
Thoma Fuming, 22 slt 8| inches do Blue Light 7th Aug. do 7th Aug do
Morris Weitzf. luer, 31 sft M inches do Dark Dark 17th do do *j°
Charles T. Wilson, 23 sitlo|inches do Grey do 26 hdo do JOfo do
Francis VV. Jobson, 45 sft 5 inchts do Dark do Uth Sept, du lbhS.pt.do
E. B. Loyl 88, 37 sft 11 inches Daik Hazle d» 4th Oct. do 4th Oct. do
Zach ari ih Rogers, 25 sft 7$ inches do Dark do 9rh do do 9th co do
Samuel Schoolheer, 19 sft 8 inches Fair Hazle do 14ih do do I4ih do do
israel Katzenstien. 32 sft 5 inches Dark Blue Bia. k 17th do do 17th do do
Solomon Dewaid, 23 slt 4 inches do Blue Auburn 2let do do 2stdo do
Morse Smith, 1215 ft 24 Inches Fair Grey Black 21st do do 2stdo do
Garl Heerft, 30 sft 6 inches Dnrk Dark do 21st do do 2lst do do
Thomas F, Stevens, 39 6ft 6 inches F.orid Blue Sandy 2lat do do 21st do do
Aaron Allmayer, 22 sit >i inches Daik ark Dark 21st do do 2lat co do
Benjamin Graves, 23 slt 74 inches Florid Hazle do ?lst do do 21st do do
mho Rotchild, 22 5t 3f inches Fair Blue tubur Id do do |22d do de
ilor.is Oa erweis, 29 sft 4f inches Dark Bac Black -3d do do||23d do de
Isaac Katz, 37 sft 6$ inches do Dark Dark inh do do do
Ado pn Kohn, 33 sft 9 inches do Grey Black .'4th do do 24th do do
Jacob Weiner, 22 slt 4 inches Florid Hazle do Ith do do 24ffi do do
Isaac Bach, 31 sft 7 inches Dark Haze Dark :s'h do do 25th do do
I), s. Fairchild, 24 sft 8 Inches Fair Grey do do do 26th do do
Nathan Baker, 27 sit 64 inches Dark Black B ack 28th <*o do 2thdo do
laeob Lazarus, 23 sft 5 inches do Dark do 28th do do 28ih do do
Michael Lewis, 20 sft 5 inches Fair Black Dark 28th do do 28th do do
Jacob stephens, I. 4ft 5 inches do Dark Light 28th do do 28th do do
Jacob Litihaner, 24 sft 54 inches Ruddy Grey Red 30 h do do oOth do do
Herman Levinson, 23 slt 24 inches Dark Black, Black 3lst do do }’.« «» do
Lewis aroslawski, 2b >lt4 inches do Hazle Dar« 2.1 Nov. do 2d Nov. do
Herman Sibber, 37 >ft 64 inches Fair do Black 4th do do 4th do do
Jas. M. Reinhart, 24 tft 1 inches Dark Black do 4th do'do 4th do do
Israel Benjamin, 26 sit 6 inches do Dark do Mr do do 5h do do -
doses Gash, 28 sfl 5$ inches Fair Blue Sandy s:h do do sth do do
Littleton Snow, 23 >ft 9 inches Dark Dark Black 6th do do 6th do do
tlarrin P .rter, 32 >ft 84 inches Fair Blue Brown 7h do do 7th do do
Leopold Beckel, 3. rfts inches Florid Hazle Dark Sth do do Bth do do
luseph Rosenberg, 40 >tt2f inches Fair Blue |Shndy Bth do do Sth do do
54. had Nye, 2- >ft 8f inches Dark do iDar- 9th do do 9th do do
Isaac Langfield, 30 'ft 4 inches Fair Hazle Ido 9th do do 9th do do
-ilas SUenthal, 20 sft 8f inches Florid B.ue B own Uth do do th do do
Harmon Widenfield, 27 sft 34 inches Fair do Blacx 1 1th do do Ith do do
r.manuel Ranman, 20 >fts inches Florid Dark Brown 13th do do 13th do do
Levi Lessing, 23 SA 4f Inches Dark do Black Ibth do do 6h do do
Lewis Beckel, 22 3ft 8 inches do fjazle Dark Bth do do 18 hdo do
Jo.euh Bloch, 25 5 144 inches do Dark do 18th do do 18th do do
Samuel Cone, 58 sft 9f inches Florid Blue Grey 18th do do 18th do do
e-.dward Wolf, 26 sft 4} inches do do Dark Bth do do 18 hdo do
Joseph S. Jobson, IS slt 94 inches Fair Hazle Black Jffith do do 20th do do
vl.'.X Marcus, 23 slt 5J inches Dark Brown do 21st do do 21st do do
Jacob J. Lissak, 34 sit 81 inches do Blue do 22d do do 22d do do
Abraham Phillips, 28 5f 5J inches Florid Black do M do do 22d do do
'imon Bettman, 25 511 7J in' hes do Hazle Auburrt 22d do do 22d do do
i ennP Mever 38 sfl 5 inches Dark Blue Black ,23d do do 23d do do
MornsVate’ur, 23 sit 7* inches Florid Hazle do .sth do do 25th do do
Wm Snhh iu 25 sft inches Da k Dark do ,25th do do <.sih do do
f eupoki Sc .uiman, 23 sfi 41 inches Fair Blue Auburn 25th do do 25ihdodo
Emanuel .Mandel, 25 sft 64 inches do Grey Black ; sth do do 25 hdo rio
Jacob N. Adler, 24 sit 8 inches Fiond Bl e do sth do do 4>th do do
Isaac Harrie, 25 sft 11 inches Dark Hazle do loth do do 25th do do
Btrnhard Phillips, 23 sft 3 inches do do Jo rtth do do 47th do do
James Giesham, 118 517 inches do dr Eight 127 hdo do 27th do do
Thomas M. Wynne, 25 fifeet do Dark Black '2d Dec. do I 2d.Dec. do
Nicholas GentJ*\ 21 6lt 2 inches Fair Blue Light i 9th do do 9th do do
J no. Mi-sett, k 28 sfl 4 inches do do Sandy JOth do do 10th do do
l art er Phillips, 24 sfl 6| inches Florid Grey Dark .10th do do 10th do do
£ai Lipman, T 25& It 3 inches Dark Hazle Black lßih do do Bth do do
Thomas G. McMullin, 15 sft 4 inch Fair do Light 19‘h do do 19th do do
is .ac Cohen, 27 sit 5 inches do Blue Dark 30th do do 30th do do
Sherrod B. McGuier, 24 Sftlljlnches do do Light 2.1 J.in. 1845 2d Jan. ‘846.
A. H. Dewitt, 24 sit 8 inches do do Dark 2d do do 2d d< do
Lewis Caiman, 29 sft 3J inches Dark Black Black 9th do do | 9th do do
J oar ph Montgomery, 24 sit 11 inches Fair Blue Ba dy 13th do do 13th do do
James M Wade, 28 sft 94 inches Dark Dark Dark 13th do do ,13th lo do
David Widenfold, 31 51' 4} inches do H 'Zle do iffih do do lßth do do
Joel Si berman, 33 sft 4 inches do Black Black 6th March do 6th Mar. do
Jacob Gunst, 38 sfl44inches Fair Hazel do Ith do do 11 th do do
Addison C. Day, 24 sft 8 inches Florid Hazel Dark 14th do do 41th do do
Abraham Zuker 24 sft 7 inches Fair. Grey do 22d do do 22d do do
William Estis, 18 sftS inches to Daik do .th Apr.l do 4th April, do
Henry Lewis, 28 sft 6( inche DtPk Haze Black Uth do do 12 hdo do
Jno. -mold. 3’ 6ft Os inches Florid Hazel Dark 19. hdo dr 19th do do
Franc!-- Dickinson’ 21 sft 6| inches Dark D .rk Black 41st do do 21st do do
MLhael McCahey, 35 sft 4j inches Fair Blue Dark 9th do do ,29th do do
I II is by law made the dutv'of all civil officers to demand the ped er’s license, and if he ’•
show it, t.- take Iri n up, and deal wi h him as the law directs. A bare r “Upt for the l’»?
1 850 into the Treasury is not a sufficient license. The license contains the oath, tile auih iyt
- peddle, a description of the person of the pedler, and an extract from the penal code in rUeuou lo
1 rading with slaves.
Georgia Rail Road A Banking Co., >
Acscsta, May 1,1845. $
U3* In pursuance of the Charter and
Bye-Laws, the next annual meeting of the
Stockholders,of this Company, will be held at
the Banking House in Augusta on Tuesday after
the second Monday in the present month, being
the 13th Inst.
J. W. WILDE, Cashier.
Trains of Cars will leave Covington and Ath
ens at 6 o’clock in the morning of Monday, the
i '2th Inst., for the accommodation of Stockbold
t ers and their families, free of chsrge. Arrango
’ ments will also be made for their return passage,
I without charge. trwAwtd myl
MARRIED-
On Wednesday evening last, by the Rev. W.
i T. Brantly, Mr. William Wilson, of Beach Is-
I land, s. C., to MUs .Mabtha Janb, third daugh
i ter of Wm. M. Frazer, ot this city.
r In Twiggs county, on lhe 23d April, bv the
Rev. Jacob R Danlbrth, TALiAvaaao Jonas, M.
D., to Miss Cabolink >anb Saxon
DIED-
In Jefferson County, on the 27th ult., Mr.
Fredtbick J. Rhznkv, aged 33 years, leaving a
wi r e an t three children, to mourn the sad be
reavement of a companion and father.
The subject of this brief notice was a man of
1 uncommon enterprise, Ind retry and perseverance.
He struggled h ird to acquire a competency of this
world's goods to make his family comfortable.
' But although he was taken hence In the meri
f dlan of life, death did not come upon him un
awares. He was prepared for the trying acene.
, For he "knewthat If the earthly house of this
tabernacle were dissolved, he had a building of
) God a house not made with hands, eternal in
the Heavens.” The decea ed had been a mem-
[ ber of the ,VI. R. Chu ch for several years, and
enjoyed that re igion which la sweeter than life
, and stronger than death.
His disease was pneumonia and lasted ten
days, during which, he retained the use of his »
reasoning faculties and the power ot speech un
til within a few hours of his dissolution Ha
conversed freelv with his family and friends gave
directions about his temporal afflira,and assured
SSSsEsS
and e tend all that kindness and sympathy to
his afflicted widow and orphans which th ir pAI
vati'»n ( requireß C. B.
eomme ciaL ~
_____ 4UGUSJTA MARKEl ~ '‘ 1 ’ M
Wednesday, P. M. W
Cotton —The Market daring the pa«i week hat beta
quiet, and prices have remained firm at our last quota
tions, to 6 cents for extremes, and sto principal
sales.
RA NA WA Y from th« subscri- 5
ber, near Clayton, Barbour county, Ala., |
on the 29th April, a bright mulatto fel-
low, named J AGOB, about 26 years of
age 5 feet 9 inches high, weighing about 140
pounds ; he has a large bushy head, a considera
bly fr ckled; he wore offa b ack cloth dress coat,
andgrer pants, andfurred cap considerably worn;
his toes have the appearance of having worn
tight shoes, voice rather gross; he can read and
write, though spells bad. He no doubt will en
deavor to get to Maryland ; he was brought from
there in May last by William Varner, ofMonroa
county, Ga , from whom I purchased him. He
alsoranaway from mein August last and was
lodged in jail in Wjlkes county,Uta., having pre
pared himself with a pass to pass from ptace io -
place on various pretences. Any information
will be thankfully received and 'lbera ly reward
ed. JOBS F. KERNER.
Clayton, 'la , April'o 1c45.l c 45. mvß-w2m
(''OcUiVißlA outi-y, Georgia—Juo.
y Foster of District No. 3, tolls before me
one sorrel horse, with the right hind foot white,
a small star in his face, supposed to be 7 or 8
years old, appraised by James Luke and Madison
Avary at forty dollars, April 21st, 1945.
G. G. LUKE, J. P, .
A true extract from the t stray Book.
M-v 8 ißis. DIVIDHII<I<I<S r jerk,
Adm INIs 1 KAI ws bale—will
be sold in Wnrren county, on Friday, the
20th day of June next, at the late residence of
John Parker, late of said county, deceased, all
lhe personal property of said deceased, consist,
ing of househ dd and kitchen furniture, horses,
cattle, one yoke of oxen, hogs, corn, fodder, farm
ing utensils, &c. Ac. Sale to continue from
day today until all is sold. .
BOZE B. KITCHENS, Adm’r.
JVlay 8, 1845. . .
FOUR months after date, application
will be msde to the honorable inferior court
of Wanen county, when sitting for ordinary pur
poses, for leave to sell the lands belonging to the
estate of John Parker, late'of said county.de.
ceased. BOZE B. KITCHENS, Adm’r.
May 8, 1845.
More new goods at wm.
H. CRANE'S—
Barege shawls and scarfs, > A.-
Striped tarlatan muslin,
, Black fillet and Egyptian mitts,
Superior French black and col’d kid gloves,
Elastic top silk hose,
I Rich wide chameleon silks, ,
t Rich French embroidered chemisette*,
While d. mi veils and green barege,
'.Mars.lllesandfancy vesflngs,
Coat ginghams and linens,
Suspenders, cravats and half hose,
French embroidere 1 piano and table covers,
Ladles' white and colored cotton hose,
Bonnet ribbons and flowera,
Linen cambric and book muslin handkerchiefs,
Blue and brown homespuns,
Shirtings, sheetings and tickings,
Toweland table diapers,
•>nd a great variety ol new and fashionable goods,
all of which will be soil cheao for cash. mv6
3