Newspaper Page Text
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OLD SERIES, VOL. LIX.
THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
IS PUBLISHED DAILY, TBI-WECKLV, AND WEEKLY
BY J. W. & W. S. JONES.
The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel
IS PUBLISHED AT
Three Dollars per annum—or one subscriber two
years, or two subscribers one year for $5.
Ten subscribers, one year, fors2o 00
Tri-Weekly paper, at Five Dollars per annum.
Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum.
C ash S vstex/, —In no case will an order for the
paper be attended to, unless accompanied with
the money; and in evety instance when the time
for which any subscription may be paid, expires
before the receipt of funds to renew the subscrip
tion, the paper will be discontinued. Depreciated
money received at its value in this city.
—wgßaKtwnemo
FRIDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 5.
“ The Editor of the Chronicle and Sentinel
seems considerably riled at the charge that the
Whig pr sses, in endeavoring to make Annexa
tion unpopular, “are playing into the hands
ol British sagacity, and seconding the wily
schemes of British diplomacy.” The remark,
in all its force and effect, is fully deserved by
the factious and Anti-American course of those
presses, the Chronicle included, and theretore
not n syllable is retracted.”
The above paragraph is extracted from the
rejoinder of the Constitutionalist ol yesterday,
to our article ol the day previous, and although
we regard the article which we yesterday trans
ferred to our columns upon this subject a most
triumphant vindication ot the Whig press and
parly against such charges, yet it may not be
improper to add a few remarks in reply to this
particular paragraph.
No one is mote familiar with the truth of the
adage, that it is one thing to make a charge, and
another and a very different thing to establish it;
yet, if mere dogmatical assertion,obstinately per
severed in, could establish facts, we confess we
know of no one who would be more successful
in establishing bis positions than our neighbor.
The Editor charged that the Whig press “are
playing into the hands of British sagacity, and
seconding the wily schemesol British diploma
cy,” and attempted, very unsuccessfully, as we
have already shown, to sustain his position by
extracts from this paper, and the Columbus En
quirer. Upon this grave charge, we promptly
joined issue, and we have the charge repeated
with the addition, that ‘ the remark, in all its
force and effect, is fully deserved by the factious
and Anti-American course ot those presses.”
This may be sustaining a charge by pro d' yet
we had supposed that our neighbor was too fa
miliar with the law of evidence to imagine it
would lie so regarded by the intelligent reader.
We know not what import the editor attach
es 'o the terms “/iakiottjand Aii'i-dmencan.”
We are aware that the presses ol both parties
at the North, to so ne extent, have manifested
decided hostility to annexation, even since the
passage ar.d acceptance thereof of the Annexa
tion resolutions. Ol this fact our neighbor is
equally well advised, but itdid not serve his pur
pose to make the declaration. So far as these
particular presses are concerned the epithets
ol the C institutionalist may apply, but the at
tempt to apply them to the whig pre-s ot the
South has proven a most signal failure, and the
same remark is true of many of the leading
whig c rgans at the North. As a party, so - far I
from the whigshavinr ever attempted, either be
foreor after the passage of the an nexation resol u
lions,to “pfev into the hands of British sagacity” ,
‘‘sMfor.tlrtbe wily .schemes pf British diplo
». -•■•ntered the life Fest.femi.,l canvass
nation entertains anv am
designs upon Tex.-.-, sueh as that of col
i-inghey. or in anv way soljugatlig her.
SSOTfliffultl regard it as the impetative duty of the
•f Government of (he United States to oppose to
“s sueh designs the roost firm and determined re
sistance, to the extent, ifnecessary, ot appealing
'■ to arms to prevent the accomplishment of any
such designs.”
If our neighbor can show that this language
ot the distinguished Whig standard-bearer,
savors of Anti-American sentiment, we shall
most certainly acknowledge the force of his
logic.
Movement of Troops.—The Chatleston
Courier of yesterday says. —The steamer Cin
cinnati left yesterday for Aransas Bay, (Texas)
with Companies A and 1,3 d Regt. U. S. Ar
tillery.
Departure of the Steamer Great Britain.
—The steamship Great Britain, Capt. Hosken,
took her departure for Liverpool at three o’clock,
P. M , Saturday last. She had fifty-three cabin
passengers, a large mail, and twelve hundred
bales of cotton, and packages of other articles,
as cargo.
Drath of Judge Thruston.—The Hon.
Buckner Thruston, Associate Judge ol the
Circuit Court of the United Slates for the Dis
trict of Columbia, died at his residence in
Washington city, on Saturday morning last,
in hisß3l year.
Emigration in Canada.—The number of
emigrants arrived in Quebec, during the week
ending August ‘23 I, was 22.805 —an increase ol
5,61*1 over the same period last year.
Northern Mail.—The Savannah Republi
can of Wednesday says:— We understand that
Messrs. Brooks & Barden have notified the
Post Master General of their intention to give
up the contract for carrying the mail between
this city and Charleston, at the expiration ol
ninety days. They have been compelled to do
this, we learn, in consequence ol the small re
muneration paid tor the service. The Post
Master General has issued proposals for carry
ing the mail between the two cities, alter the old
fashion, viz: in two horse post-coaches, leaving
—“ Charleston at 10 o'clock, A. M., and arrive at
Savannah on the next day, at 10 A. M., and re
turning, leave this city at 1, P. M. Bids are
also invited for steamboats, with an expedited
schedule to lie proposed by the bidder.
Ahead of the Magnetic Telegraph.— The
St. Louis papers are felicitating themselves up
on the prospect that, when she Magnetic Tele
graph is completed from Washington to their
city, they will be able to report the speeches in
Congress a lew minutes b fore they are deliver
ed, in consequerceof the differenceot longitude
between the two places.
China.—Rev. J. L. Shuck, with a number
of other Missionaries, having recently moved
from Hongkong to Canton, writes as follow s;
“ Dr. Devan and myself are now permanent
residents of this mighty city. Canton contains
I,ooo,Otlft of immortal souls, speaking one dia
lect, and accessible to missionary effort. With
• 10 native preachers, we are laying plans for the
most vigorous operations—the people eagerly
receive our books, recceive us politely, crowd
• ourchapels, and listen with attention to our
messenger. It is saidthatthe Emperor has pub-
Hicly sanctioned the introduction ol Christian
ity into the Empire. The present Governor of
Canton province, who re>ides in this city, is a
gentleman ol uncommon abilities and good
feeling. Tic signed the treaties made with Chi
na by Erglind, Prance and the United States.
When on a visit of State to Hongkong, 1 pre
sented him with a copy ot the New Testament
in Chinese,—he received it politely, and also a
few tracts in Chinese, on the principles ol
Christianity; and on his return to Canton, sent
me a splendid tan with his own autograph up
on it.”
Ghkat Fa>li:ks at ll.ianisßunGii -One of
the heaviest failures that ever occurred among
the iron mongers of Pennsylvania was made
public on Friday. The Messrs. Bayard, pro
prietors of the Emeline Furnace, situated near
Dauphin, and the Victoria Furnace, in Clark s
Valiev, about six mile« farther up the river,
have failed, their liabilities being in the neigh
borhood of one hundred thousand dollars,
From the N. O. Picayune of the ‘3oth nit.
t Latest from Corpus Christi—Arrival of the
Alabama—No Fighting yet.
In order to allay all anxiety which maybe
j felt on the stale ot affairs at Corpu- Christi, we
hasten to give our readers the lullowing:
By the arrival early this morning ol the fast
> sailing steamship Alabama, Capt. Windle, from
Aransas Bay, we have intelligence front Cor-
) pus Christi up to Wednesday evening last. One
of the editors us the Picayune came passenger
in the Alabama, and brings the latest news.
The most important intelligence, perhaps, is
i the non-conftrmation oflhe many late exciting
i reports relative to the moveiiientsoflhe Mexican
army, and the probability < f an engagement
1 between the forces under Gen. Taylor and the
Mexicans. So fir, there is no prospect of a
fight. Gen. Taylor, himself, does not antici
pate such an event.
Gen. Arista is at Matamoras with about2ooo
men entrenching himsell, and knows of Gen.
Taylor’s position. It is believed that if Arista
had marched at once upon Gen. Taylor when
the latter first landed, he mtgh: easily have over
come him, anti so on with other detachments as
they continued to arrive : but it isnow too late.
Our army al Corpus Christi at this time number
some 2000 strong, and is in a condition to resist
four or five times that number of Mexicans.
The country, too, between the Rio Grande and
Corpus Christi eannot now support an army in
an attack—one of the principal impediments be
ing a scarcity of water, of which there is little
or none al all.
On Sunday, the 24th ins'ant., the Alabama
anchored oft St. Joseph’s Island, in 53 hours
from the Balize, with the troops and volunteers
from this city. Ou the passage there was a lit- ,
tie rough weather, with considerabl .• thunder
and lightning, but no accident occurred, and all
arrived in good condition.
The next morning all the troops landed and
wen: into catnpon St. Joseph’s. On Tuesday,
the volunteers, Maj. Gally’s and Cant, Forno’s
companies ot artillery embarked for Corpus ■
Christi, 35 milesdistnnt, on board the steamboat
Dayton, and joined Gen. Taylor’s encampment
the same evening.
When the Alabama left Aransas Bay, the i
troops on the Island were preparing to start tor ■'
Corpus Christi, antt probably by this time they .
have all been removed, except a few to nrolect '
the stores, &c. The Monmouth and Dtivton, 1
however, were busy in transporting the stores,
and soon everything will be removed.
The brig William Ivy, which was chattered 1
in this city some time since, to take two compa- *
nies <4 the 4th Infantry to Aransas Bay, arrived '
on the 25th inst., just before the Alabama. On
their passage she encountered a squall which 1
knocked her on her beam ends; but she form- ]
nately righted in a few minutes without damage, j
Previous to the storm, one of the soldiers on
board of her, in a fit of mania-apotu, jumped '
overboard. A boat was lowered and went after
him, and though he resisted, he was picked up, .
taken on hoard and tied. When the squall
struck the brig he was released, in order that he
might rmt drown if throw n into the water; when
be again jumped into the sea and was lost.
Th? brig sailed on the 26th inst. lor Matagorda.
The schooner Edward S. Lambden, with
Quarter Master’s stores, from New Orleans,
arrived at St. Joseph’s on the morning ol the :
25th.
The schooner Swallow, from this port, with ’
army property, for St. Joseph’s Island, was- ,
wrecked about the 12 li inst., alter getting ovet s
the bar at Aransas. She had no pilot on board, '
and was following the steamboat Monmouth in, ,
when the under current swept her into the break- j
ers on the eastern shore of the Island. Every
thing on board b longing to the Government, as 1
weii as the private properly < t some ol the offi- j
cers of the aimy, (excepting a tew articles in a (
damaged stale,) was lost. Vessel a complete ’
wreck, but no lives lost.
On the morning ofthe 26th inst. the U. S. t
brig Lawrence, Commander Jatvis, arrived J
Isom the Balize, and came to anchor < ft’ the Is- 1
land ot St. Joseph’#. All well. When the Al- s
al ama felt, lhe Law rence expected to sail on the
29th, vcsieidav, lor Pensacola.
The schooner Marj* Wilkes, li'om this city, t
arrived at Aransas last Wednesday, having on t
board CoL Whistler and Major JSianmfbrd, of r
the army, together with horses, stores, &c.
Mr., Ringgold, who passed titfough
.sometime since with -deletes .o Texas, arn-.
tne non; oa vestun, in
1 )n .Vb-n hiv. ' ' • ! iU nt’r. w mt' ih
rival ot the 2d Regiment of Dragoons, tinder
Co|. Twiggs, within four mile* of Gen. Tay- n
ha’s encampment, which they were to have
joined last Thursday. They were very for lu
nate in their long march with their horses—not (
having lost any. There were, however, two or \
■ hreedesertions. They heard andsaw nothing ol
Mexicans on their route.
Ne'r San Antonio there was a large body of I
Camanches. (about 300 in all,) seme ol whom (
visited Cd. Twiggs. They seemed friendly r
and much delighted at the idea of the United
Stales making war against Mexico. I hey in- 1
formed Col. Twiggs that they were going to- t
wards the Mexican borders and intended hos- |
tiliiies against lhe Mexicans. The daring ol
these Indians is well known. A conversation
not a little amusing occurred while they were 1
in th-. Dragoon encampment. They seemed to i
admire the horses very much, and asked Col. e
Twiggs if’they would be allowed to steal any of
them. The Colonel, in his usually eccentric l
manner, told them that if they took any of his t<
horses he would hang them. The Cainanches f
did not relish this style of “ plain English,” but
asked if they might no’ steal lhe Mexicans’
horses. The Colonel said they might steal c
what they pleased from lhe lanci, but not to
trouble anything belonging to lhe Americans, J
or he would siring them up. i
Some days ago a soldier, whose name was <
not given, went out from the encampment on I
St. Joseph’s Island to hunt, and was lost. Il is
supposed that he was bitten by a snake, or that >
he lost his way in a cane brake and perished, I
tie was a faithful and trustworthy man. Search
was made lor him but in vain. (
During a thunderstorm a few days ago, a tent <
was struck bv lightning al Corpus Christi, and (
a valuable servant belonging to Lieutenant I
Bragg, of the Artillery, instan'ly kt.led by the ;
fluid. Others were considerably stunned, but
they recovered.
Lieut. G. W, Lay, came passenger in the
Alabama, having despatches fur lhe Govern- :
ment from Gen. Taylor.
The schooner Florida was at Aransas, to sail
for Pensacola last Thursday. <
This is all the news of lhe slightest impor
tance which we were able to gather. So far ’
every thing at Aransas and Corpus Christi is
quiet The troops and volunteers are all well,
and in fine spirits. Gen. Taylor, as we have al
ready staled, does not anticipate a collision with <
Arista or anv other Mexican force. Lie will
throw detachments of the Dragocns forward be
tween his quarters and the Rio G r ande ‘rom
time to time, so that it will be impossible for an
army to advance upon him without his being
apprised of the fact. With the men under his
command, and the excellent pieces of artillery—
two twelve pounders and six sixes—taken down
by the volunteers, from this city, bis position is,
in every respect, perfectly safe from any attack
the Mexicans may' think ol making upon him.
Deer and other game are plenty in lhe vicinity
of lhe post, and the walers abound with lhe
finest fish and oysters.
P. S—The Alabama got into the South-
West Pass last evening al 5 o’clock—43 hours
from Aranvas. Saw on the bar, bound out,
ships Nashville, (nearly outj Trenton, Ameri
can, Swanion and Berlin. Al anchor, in the
Pass, ship Charlotte, with laborers for Corpus
Christi. 'Lhe steamer Creole was seen off the
South-West Pass last Sunday, lor Aransas, but
she had not arrived when the Alabama sailed.
Saw nothing of her on the trip.
The steamship McKim arrived yesterday
from Galveston, and brought a full mail of let
ters and papers, but not later than the advices al
ready received by lhe Undine. In place of re
sorting to our files, v e make one or two extracts
from our own correspondence, received by lhe
McKim. We cannot find any further intelli
gence than has already been received here.
Houston, Texas, August 22, 1815.
Gentlemen:—We are not as yet disturbed in
> lhe least by the war rumors which seem to be
waking you up in New Orleans. The Mexi
cans make no showing on the frontier. The
last accounts from lhe Rio Grande represent i hat
the few ragamuffins lingering in that vicini’y
were ip miserable plight.
We learn from Austin that the Convention
had nearly concluded its labors, and would pro-
bably adjourn before the close ot this month.
Upto within a fortnight we have had one of
the finest seasons ever known in Texas. The
crops were never so promising: the corn, which
exceeds the crop of any previous year, is already
made; and the crops of co ton, especially in the
river bottoms, were neve: better; in the uplands,
however, it is beginning to suffer for warn of
rain, and must fall short a good d ?a’, ii it con
tinues dry much longer. Here and at Galves.
ton it is very dry, having been without rain for
two months". The health of both places, how
ever, continues remarkably good.. I never
knew it more healthy anywhere than it ha- been
both here and at Galveston this season. M .
[Dclracl ] Austin, August 9, 1845.
We !v :>e <o adjourn in about ten days. Much
of the Constitution has already been engrossed,
and therefore not subject to be amended but
upon motion to reconsider. 1 think we shall
have it in such shape as will please onr friends
in the United States, and be acceptable to our
own people.
Corrcspondence of the Charleston Mercury.
Washington City, Aug. 29, 1845.
I am under obligations to Mr. McClintock
Young, the Chief Clerk ol the Treasury Depart
ment, and his gentlemanly and efficient subor
dinates, lor the facilities which they have afford
ed to me, in compiling the following statement
ol the value of the principal articles of foreign
merchandize imported during lhe year ending
30th June last. The official returns which are
prepared in the office of the Register oflhe Trea
sury, (Mr. Gillett, to whose kindness 1 was in
debted tor the statement of the official amount of
imports and exports, lor the nine months end
ing 31st March last, which I sent to you a
few days ago) are not yet ready, all the re
turns not having been received from the Col
lectors. Indeed (he official returns will not be
read}' until lhe second or third month of lhe
Session of Congress, as the annual return ol
commerce and navigation contains such a vast
amount of detail, as to keep the Clerks in lhe
Register’s Office busily employed compilingand
arranging it until that time. The following
statement I have compiled from monthly re
turns which are sent to the Secretary ol the
Treasury by the Collectors for his information,
ai.d they are so nearly accurate as to give a
very good general view of amounts oflhe prin
cipal articles imported. I have taken consider
able pains much labor in prepar
ing it, so as lo Fe as accurate as lhe returns
will allow it to be, though they are not the ex
act official returns from whichlhe official state
ment is made up. 1 have arranged it so as to
show lhe amounts imported in lhe six months
from July to December, and from January to
June, and 1 have also given a comparison be
tween the amounts imported irt the year just
closed and that ending 30th June, 1844.
Statement of the value of Imports of the princi
pal articles of foreign merchandize or produce,
during the year ending 3QthJune, 1845.
Gmos. end- 6 mos. end
ing 31 Dec. ing.3oJune Total for
Articl‘B Imported. iSI4. 1815. the year.
C0ffee82,401,998 83.499,834 85.901,832
Tea 1,595.572 3,198,203 5.093,775
Sugar 2,278,549 2,176,507 4.458,056
Molasses 811.426 2,W3,563 2,854,989
f*alt 504.253 362,93 1 867,183
Spirits. 504.329 539.091 1,043,420
Cotton Manufactures 7,714,374 7.073.554 14.787,928
Silk do 5.151,601 3,999,143 9,150,744
Worsted do 2,021,885 969.836 2.991,721
Woollen do 4.663.715 2.844,956 7,513.671
Wool unmanufac’red 658,900 817,237 1,476,127
Hemp and grasses of
all kinds do 297,382 151,723 449,105
Hemp manufaclured
including sail duck 539/366 167,665 707,031
Flax manufactures... 2,638,081 2,608.138 5,246.219
Glass 222,780 285.751 508,531
Iron, Pig 25G,484 202,924 485,408
Do other, not manu-
factured 194.317 34.401 228.718
Do bar and bolt 1,544,775 859,551 2,401,326
Do sheet hnop rod dec. 378,616 98.803 477,419
Do spikes and nail*.. 32,084 28,103 60,187
Do and steel,all other
manufaclured 2,258.601 1,958.639 4,217,240
Steel urimatiu’tured 307,047 530.722 837,769
#37,011.135 #34,751,274 971,762,409
Comparative Statement of the value qf the
principal articles of foreign merchandize or pro
duce, imported into the United States, during
the years ending June, 1844, and 30th
June, 1845.
Year ending Year ending Increase
Articles Imported. June 3», ’44. June 30. ’45. in 1845.
C0ffee99.764.554 9-5.901 ,R 32
Tea 4,120.785 5,093,775 972,990
Sugar 7.196.091 4.455,056
Molasses 2,833,753 2,*54.989 21,236
Salt 911,512 867,183
Spirit* 855,675 1 .<>43,420 187,745
Cotton manufactures 13.641.478 14.7**7.928 1,14G.450
Silk do 9,131.012 9.150,744 19.732
Worsted do 2 388.859 2.991,721 602,>62
Woolen do 7,086,903 7,513.671 426,768
Wool uh manu’lured 851,460 1,476,137 624,677
Hemp and grasses of
all kinds do 583,943 449,105
Hemp manufaclured
includingsailduck 1.001872 707,031
Flax manufactures.. 4,492,826 5,246 219 753,393
Glass 313,078 508,531 195,463
Iron, Pig 200,522 4S9,t<>B 28», 8 86
Do mber not inanu’ed 43,396 228,718 185,322
Do bar and bolt 1,648.617 2,401,326 755,679
Do sheet hoop rod &c 189,656 477.419 287,763
po spikes and nails 44,136 60,187 16,051
Do and steel all niher
manufactured 3,101,127 4,217,240 1,116,113
Steel unmanq’tured 485,162 838,769 352,307
Total #70,556,747 #71,762,409 67,953,426
From the total increase during
the year as shown above, there is
to be deducted a decrease of im
portationsofseveral articles, as fol
lows :
Decrease in C0ffee#3.862,722
2,. a;-
■
tnn, Silk. Woolen, Worsted and Flax,
manufertore.,
The increase in lhe value of Iron end Sleet,
manufactured and unmnnufeclured is $3,002,121
Instructions to Superintendents of the
October Elections.—The instructions which
we publish below (says the, Georgia Journal,')
we learn were forwarded in the shape of a circu
lar to the different counties in the State, by the
Governor. We publish them now, that our
readers, and the voters at the various precincts,
may know what the law requires in conducting
the electrons. The illegal conduct of an elee
lion, in any county,can be productive of no good
to the honest voters—neither can illegal returns.
Il is impoitar.t, therefore, to heed the following
instructions, as theirsfeief observance will insure
equal justice to all interested. The Clerks of
(he Superior Courts, it will be seen, are required
to aid the superintendents in making out and
forwarding the Election Returns to lhe Execu
tive Department.
OF THE ELECTIONS XT THE SEVERAL DISTRICTS
Ist. One Justice ol lhe inferior Court, or one
Justice of lhe Peace and two Freeholders, or
two oflhe aforesaid Justices and one Freeholder,
are to be the Superintendents ot the Election
held.
2.1. It a Freeholder be a Superintendent, he is
required to take the oath prescribe! bv the act of
1830.
3d. Whenever the Justice of the Inferior
Court, or the Justice of the peace, shall fail to
organize or carry on the Eleclion, at any Dis
trict, by the hour often in the mornins:, then any
two or more Freeholders may hold the Election,
and certify and return the result accordingly.
4<h. Tne Superintendents are required to ap
point three Clerks, whose duty it shall be to
reep three rolls, on each of which shall be re
gistered the number and name of each voter.
Also, there shall be kept three tally sheets, on
which shall be entered the nitmber'of votes re
ceived bv each candidate.
sth. Alter lhe votes are counted out, the re
sult is to be certified by the Superintendents, and
sent, sealed up, « ith the three lists ot the num
b >r and names of voters, and tally sheets, to the
Court House, fir the purpose of being consoli
dated, on the day next after lhe Election, when
and where at least one of the Superintendents is
requited to attend.
OF THE CONSOLIDATED RETURN.
With the aid of the Clerk of the Superior
Court, a majority of the Superintendents at the
Court House, and, at least, one Superintendent
at each District, shall count, comnare, and add
together the returns produced by the Superin
tendents of the District Elections, and certify
and return to the Governor the result of such
Efention.
This certificate of the Consolidated Return is
required to be signed by each of the Superin
tendents then present, and accompat.ied with a
list of the voters and tally sheets of each ol the
election Districts.
OF ELECTION RETURNS FOR GOVERNOR.
The Constitution requires that the Election
Retn: ns for Governot shall be sealed up sepa
ralely, addressed to the President of the Senate
an I Speaker of the House of Representatives,
and transmitted to the Governor.
At lhe last accounts from St. Louis a regi
ment of volunteers, for the active military
service in the event of hostilities between
Mexico and the United States, was being
raised in that city. Several of the regular
organized corps, in that city and the adjoin
ing counties, were moving in the matter,
and notice had been given that volunteers
could enrol themselves in the n or form new
companies until the regiment embraced six or
seven hundred men. Major Gen. Lee, of the
Second Division ol Missouri Militia, has pub
lished an address calling upon the division to
hold the > selves in readiness for a summons.
There is a gentleman in this city who has
taken out a patent for petrifying dead bodies, or
almost any othersubstances of a similar nature.
The body, after some preparaiion, is immersed
in a liquid that in the short space ot fourteen
days will render it as sclid as a rock ot marble.
The cost is but trifling compared with the last
ing benefit rendered to those who may- wish to
preserve and look upon departed friends. He
informs us that a boquet of fresh flowers im
mersed in the liquid, will in a fe v days, be as
solid and durable as though they were cut out
ol marble.— Troy Budget, ’2Sl!i nil.
Friendship.—Do not believe, because a man
smiles upon you and seeks your society, that
he is your friend. Smiles and professions,
alas! are so abundant as to be of no value. He
only is your friend whose heart is in his words,
and whose actions illustrate them ; who stands
by you through all vicissitudes of fortune, “in
sunshine and in shade." When you find such
a being, make him your second self—cling to
him as to your very life—tor the jewels of the
earth arc scarce, and. therefore, precious; for
the sand of life but glitter in the radiance ot a
high enjoyment, and even the golden bowl is
broken at the fountain.
AUGUSTA, GA„ THUEISuJi MORNING, SEPTEMBER 11, 1845.
SATURDAY MORNING, SEPT. 6.
k Letters from a Southerner.
To-day we present our readers with some
extracts from another fetter of a Southerner to
l the editors of the Richmond Whig. Although
1 these letters are particularly designed for the
j meridian of Virginia, they are nevertheless
- equally interesting and instructive to Georgians,
whose habits, customs and pursuits are not
1 very dissimilar tram those of Virginia. And
i now that the attention of capitalists is being
generally directed to the subject ofmanufactures,
J as a means ot profitable investment, as well as
■ for of our social condition,
1 we cannot, perhaps, render them a more accept
able service than by the publication of these
and similar letters, abounding, as they all do, in
valuable information.
In the contemplation of this subject—the in
troduction of manufactures throughout the
South—we confess we look forward to the day,
with no ordinary degree of anxiety, no:
mingled with pleasure, when our planters shall
cease to invest .their surplu- capital in "more
land and Negroes " and seek to employ it in the
more profitable as well as more philanthropic
business of manufacturing. To enumerate lhe
advantages that would positively result from
such a diversion ot labor and invesunenlot cap
ital, would occupy more space than we had
designed for this brief notice. The immediate
advaniage however would be, the increased
wealth ot lhe State, the certain consequence of
a profitable investment of capital, which would
go on annually enriching, and rendering more
prosperous, contented and happy, every class of
our population. Then, instead of that constant
drain upononr population to fill up the great
western wilds, we should become more and
more attached to our homesteads, annually be- |
coming more numerous and consequently more
prosperous and intelligent.
Upon all of these positions we might enlarge
with effect, and to our mind offer such argu
ments in support of our views as would con
vince lhe most sceptical, but time and space to
day forbid, We shall not, however, weary in
well doing or flag in a good cause, and shall I
theretorecontinue, from time to time, to endea- I
vor to enlighten out people upon this very itn- 1
portant subject, and if possible to change them
from the error of their ways.
The Weekly Statement of the U. S. Treasu
ry Department, showing the amount of moneys
alits credit in the various Banks holding the
public deposits, is published in the Washing
ton Union of Monday. The Statement is made
up to the 25th August, and shows that the
amount on deposit was $9,939,037. 89; which
was subject, however, to drafts drawn but not
vet paid, though payable, amounting to 352.230,-
824. 92, and making the net amount on de
posite $7,708,812 97.
The transfers ordered by lhe Department
were as follows:
To Merchant* and Traders' Rank, Ports-
mouth. N. H#734 45
To Stale Bank of New Jersey. Mnrrisso.ooo 00
To Bank of Louisiana, New Orleans, La 200.000 00
To (Ointnn Rank. Cnlumbns, 0hi04.000 00
To Mint of ihe United States. Philad'alls,ooo 00
To Branch Mint of the United Stale*, N.
Orleans3o.ooo 00
#399,734 00
From Merchants’ Bank. 805t0n....#50.000 00
From Rank of the State of New York 29 000 0»»
From Mechanics’ Bank, New York.. .‘28,000 00.
From Merchants’ Dmk, do ..28.000 00
Fmm Philadelphia Bank, Philadelphia......4s.ooo 00'
on the Ist Instant, it is officially stated, was
8742,014.18.
Military Movements.—Seven companies,
(tour of the Ist Artillery, and three ot the 2d
Artillery,) numbering about 400 men, rank and
file, embarked Tuesday on board lhe U. S. ship
Lexington, at New York, for Texas.
For California.—On the 2lst another com -
pany, consisting of twenty-five men left St.
Louis for California. The Missourian says
they seem men ot the right stamp for such an
undertaking, and leave with great willingness,
apparently regardless of ail dangers.
A fetter from Santa Fe, written on the 18th
ol July, and published in the St. Louis Era,
states that much interest is felt in that country
in relation to theannexation ot Texas. A) rge
portion of the inhabitantsale said to be anxious
for annexation, and in favorof lhe Riodel Norte
as the boundary, which would include them in
the Union.
A company ot traders arrived at St. Louis on
the 22d ult. from the Rocky Mountains. They
met with Col. Kearney and two hundred and
sis y dragoons at the Cedar Bluffs on the 17th ot
June. Col. K. intended to go to the Chimney,
thence to the South Pass, and from that point to
Fctt William on the Arkansas. Whilst the
traders were encamped at Cedar Bluffs 550
wagons of Oregon emigrants passed them
These people had gotten along very well, hav
ing lost only a few of their cattle by the depre
dations of the Pawnees.
A new process of Tanning leather is said to
have been discovered by Messrs. Darrow, of
Dayton, Ohio, by which a side of sole leather
is taken tn its raw state and thoroughly finish
ed for the manulaeturer in 72 hours, and a hide
ot lipper leather in about 16 hours! Messrs.
D. are practical tanners.
Early Frost.— In Providence and its vicini
ty, and at Roxbury and Dedham, near Boston,
a white frost was discernable at an early hour
on Friday morning the 29th ult.
The steamer Great Britain, which left New
York on Saturday, took out 8146,000 in gold.
A Rich Town.—New Bedford contains 12,-
000 inhabitants, and its valuation is 812.000,000,
being SI,OOO to each man, woman and child.
Nearly two hundred workmen from England
leached lhe iron Works at Danville, Pa., last
week, where they are to be employed.
12,878 passengers arrived at New York
from foreign ports, during the month ot Au
gust.
Western and Atlantic Railroad.—The
Marietta If.liconot the 3d inst. says:—The first
trip on the road of the new Locomotive and
Cars, from Marthasville to this place, will be
made <m Saturday, the 13th inst.
The Georgia Road is now complete from
Augusta to its terminus in DeKalb. It isaL
ready in full operation to Decalur, and this
week will run to Marthasville. The line will
then be completed from Augusta to Burroughs’,
in Cass county, and in one week from this time,
the thunder of steam will be heard amid these
.mountains, carrying in its train the productions
oflhe planters o! Cherokee. We congratulate
the people of Northwestern Georgia on this
consummation. It will form an interesting era
in the history ot our State.
Revenue of the Port of New York.—A
mount of duties received for the month of An
’ gust, 18455-2,759,777.74
Same time 15443,142,226.75
i A falling off 0f5382,449.01
t Do. from the Ist Jan., 1845, to 31st
Aug., 1845, inclusivesl3,3o9,769 95
e Same time 184416,772,020.40
s A falling off 0f53,462,250.45
h It was established by Capt. Fremont in
o his Exploring Expedition that there is no river
e of anv uavisable size which has its outlet di
>r redlit into the Pacific, and comniuiucatcs m:k the
a western slope of our continent except the Columbia,
is between 50 degrees of northern latitude and the
Gulf of California.
7’:/ M '■ •
York, Aug. 6th, 18-15. -
GerJlem'n— I see, still rambling in
e the factories (ofir 11) at the eastern
wing ot the Unionj«K II has afforded me so
much gratification,inpj-’I must in spiu of my
r anliprfthy to wrfejM|gU;aU about Some
„ ot our Southern iriqMpvha are now spending
a summer vocation SKlhe North, visiting the
’ Sprints and other nWKjing places, Gullio-like,
, [know,“care for ntu>fc<>l these things;” but I
t confess! do, andthraßwiH go back, 1 rear, to
, spend heir winter sessions in denouncing these
men an “ and "public plun
derers.' 1 ’
Gen. Chandler of':®#’ American institute,
has related to me a of what
I - u inv fest laMHKin this city, and as ii
, is short. I will give in the van of this
one. lie says, that he had occasion
t. r ili- ii- - ot an J|Kzlurn:u'e ol I-’ inches
square ; but to his be found it
could not be procufet^l'New York. When
about sending to it, he heard that
perhaps Geo. might be
able to make it, |o v.-lwin,; be wrote and who
:llt 'ti.l
now in the maebint iginaliy Designed
for, in this cit;, ■ now, that the
same articles can be for two-thirds
less, Ironr the inr; -:y' arid
this little incident is bora Mfrtple of a hundred
other things. Our m-chanies North and South
only want stability and confidence in our do
mestic policy, to cope with the world.
The American Institute is an association of
great service to this country. It is as yet in an
incipient state, although of some years standing;
every man seems to be deeply committed to pro
mote the cause of home industry throughout the
entire Union. The interests of agriculture and
commerce likewise receive their united coun
cils and consideration. They have a “Farmer’s ,
Club,” which meets in their ball, composed of .
a very intelligent body of agriculturists, where j
all matters relative to farming and hortieu'ture, ;
are discussed. The information thus elicited ,
by the Institute, is diffused abroad throughout |
the Union, and become subjects for wholesome ,
consideration to all those engaged ir such en- ,
terprise. 1 cannot help believing, but that this j
Institution, under the administration of the able ]
I body of men who now have cdntroFof its affairs, j
is destined to effect, with other affiliated asso- .
ciations of a Smaller grade, a wise and salu- |
tary reformation in the onward progress ot do- t
inestic manufactures, agriculture, horticulture ,
and commerce, throughout the country. Thus (
I believing, I am willing to add to it my share of
encouragement and good will, and give it God’s
speed. It Is strictly neutral in politics.
I At the Brass Fawcett Foundry of Messrs.
Reed & Co., the junior partner ot which for-
1 merly carried on business in our old State, I
I was peculiarly struck with the admirable finish
I and superiority oftheir work over the same ar
-1 tide imported from Europe. There is only one
other foundry of this peculiar kind, in the
United States; and none were established in
this country until the passage of the Tariff of
1842. These two factories alone, have almost
entirely driven the foreign article from the
market.
At Messrs. Cornell & Jackson’s Ornamental
Foundry, through which the junior partner
conducted me, I beheld work made from iron,
such as I nowhere ever witnessed before.—
There were some iron chairs, intended for
gardens, settees for the same purpose, flower
stands, also, and many other curious ahd cun
ning things, the work of hands from the solid
iron. The entire finish of these articles are
beautiful, and these with the grating and orna
mental railing, and other work 1 saw, affords
the highes- evidence that in point of ingenuity,
polish and workmanship, we are exceeded by
no people on the globe; and with one hall the
attention from the Government which the me
chanic and manufacturer of the old world re
ceive from lheir’s, would give onr industrious
fellow-citizens the command of the markets of
the world.
The Iron Works, similar to the one above,
belonging tuS. B. Ailhouse. & Co., is another
immense establishment. In passing through it,
I was struck with the order that prevailed, and
the finish 01, the work. The establishment is
just now filling a very large order for Mexico.
They send ti good deal <<t their work to Vir
ginia. Wbat if we ball a few such establish
m stand incur wav. lSie T priie?«« of improve,
inent mu-i s:o forward, arid Virginia nniM in
elevated and placed in bcr'pruper niche among
the States ofthe Union.
In passing through the targe, and I mav say,
magnificent Furniture Warehouse of Messrs.
J. & J. W. Meeks, I had a fair opportunity of
testing the superiority of.the American me
chanic, over the European. So far as durabili
ty, wo kmanship, polish and design, are taken
into consideration, ihe European is far inferior
to ihe work done here. In fact, this establish
mcnt, under the charge of its enterprizing pro
prietors has gained such celebrity as to attract
the attention of both manufacturers and others
in England, France, Germany and China.—
To all these countries they have been, and are
now, shipping their work. The improvements
which have been discovered, and by them used
upon their work, since the adoption of the tariff,
gives them a superiority in llieir business that
renders them competent to eope with the best
factors in Europe. They showed me several
articles which -.ere made an.l making for Eng
land and China. They tell me that if Eng
land would lake off one half of her tat iff on
their goods, they could and would carry their
work to London, and in five or ten years drive
nearly all their article from their own market—
which, of course, she will not do. Vet what
is most singular in these perverse times, we are
willing that England should shut out our man
ufactured articles from entering her pons by a
tariff of prohibition, and repeal our own tariff,
which is merely a limited protection, so that
onr hardy, industrious, useful and superior
mechanics mav be prostrated, and give up our
markets to the English manufacturer. This is
protection with a vengeance. This establish
ment has lately furnished the President’s man
sion with furniture.
To show the cheapness and superiority of
our work and workmen, in the face of an Eng
lish prohibitory tariff, a gentleman has opened
a house in London for the sale of American
manufactured work. The improvement in our
machinery has rendered labor and work so
cheap, that he is enabled to import the Ameri
can work and undersell the English on their
own ground. The manufacturers here all say
that if the tariffis preserved for 10 or 12 years
longer, after that it may be taken off altogether,
and they will defv the world.
1 learn from this house, that the screws,
springs, locks, castors, cut tacks, andedge tooK,
which were formerly imported from abroad, are
now manufactured in this country so cheap and
so much snnerior, from the advantage which
the tariff affords, as to drive the foreign articles
out ol the market almost altogether. They use
the American now always. Instead of using
the Russian and English burlapsand hear duck
for under covering, they now’ use and prefer the
American twilled heavy cotton goods. Is not
this an advantaveto the cottomgrowingStates?
Curled hair, which was lormet4=* ; hepped from
South America to Engl nd, lor manufacture,
andthen sent to this country for use, is now
shipped direct to the United States ans here
manufactured. The principal amount of hair
cloth, which was formerly inanufactured in
Germany and England, is now manufactured in
this country.
The black walnut tree, which is now taking
the place of both rosewood and mahogany, lor
the manufacture of furniture, grows in abun
dance in this country, and is becoming a trade
of great magnitude. There is a plenty of this
wood in Virginia, which is now wasted, but
which, if it was collected and brought to mar
ket, would enrich the owners and open a first
rate business in the South. That which grows
in the old States is the best, becanse exposed to
morn heat and air, and is longer growing, and ot
course is more hard anddurable. Large quan
tities aie brought here from the forests of Wis
consin and even lowa, by the ways of New
Orleans and the lakes, and is sold at fine profits,
and much ot it is now shipped to England,
France and Germany. What it some of our
enterprising farmers and the owners of land in
Virginia would take this mailer into considera
tion and make a start and try their hand at
something, and not stiffer themselves to be out
done by the young striplings who find their way
into the woods ol the “far West?” Are not
these long discovered, but as yet unprofitable
creeks and streams, which make up the great
rivers of onr old State, having their sources in
the eastern base of the Alleghany and flowing to
the Chesapeake, to bear along on their bosoms
the invaluable products and treasures from the
mountains andthe hills, the rich valleys and
plains, now useless to the millions, to find mar
kets at your cities and towns on the seaboard,
to increase your manufactures and commerce,
and cheer the heart of the husbandman? 1
hope the day is ripening lor this salutary and
, useful change. God speed it I
I The Tariff of 1842 has had theeffecl ol almost
• depopulating the town of Dundee in Scotland,
i That once flourishing place depended lor its
support on the United States for the sale of its
> cotton bagging. Now, ten thousand of her pop
r ulation have been thrown out of employment.
Many ot the owners ot these factories have,
• since our Tariff’was passed, taken out their
, machinery and sailed to the United Stales,
5 bringing it with them, and all their capital and
1 men, to commence opperations in the 11 land ot
I-the free and the home ot the brave." Three of
• these men have settled inLoui-iana; one under
the nose of the Great Nullifierin South Caroli
na, where he purchased his nephew’s (J. E. Cal
houn’s) plantation, intending to raise some ol
the very cotton he designs to manufacture.
About three thousand ol her workmen have
been transferred to oursbores with their employ
ers, who will be good citizens, bringing a capi
tal among us of fiften hundred thousanddollars.
But for fear these statements relative to Dundee
may be denied by those who wish to repeal the
Tariff, and keep the South do« n, I have the
gratification of giving a statement I elow from
Mr. John Ward, Jr., a native of Dundee, now
of this city, and a manufacturer. He is of lhe
firm of Ward, Weeks & Co., of New York and
of Newark, and is fami'iar with all he relates;
and I hope the latter pin of his statement will
be attentively considered by the friends of Rich
mond :
“ The Tariff of 18I2affecfed the importation
ot Cotton Bagging more than any other article
with which lam acquainted. Previous to that
year, the Southern Slates depended principally
on the town of Dundee, in Scotland, for their
supplies, which were generally shipperl to New
York. Some idea may be formed ot the mag
nitude ot the trade, when it is known that in
Dundee about ten thousand pqjsons were cm
ploved on the Colton Bagging alone. James,
Walt. Esq.,’oi'this city, -!<ls,"Vic*ous to ihe
Tariff of 1842, the most heavy importer of Dun
dee Cotton goods into thiscountry. In 1841, he
imported about 9,1X10 pieces; and in 1842 only
1800 pieces, being the last importation he has
made, or ever expects to make. The manulac
ture of Bagging for the purpose of packing Cot
ton isnow extinct in Dundee. In consequence
of this state of things, their manufacturers have
been obliged to turn their attention to other
branches of business. Several contemplate re
moving to thiscountry, and some have already
come. One has established himself in Patter
son, New Jersey, where he has erected a large
factory, the machinerj- of which wasall brought
from Dundee last summer, and which is fitted
up in a style superior to anything of the kind in
thiscountry. The managers, and all the prin
cipal workmen are industrious and experienced
hands from Dundee. In East Brooklyn, Long
Island, there is in operation a small Bagging
Factory, managed by a person from Dundee.
In New Bedford Rhode Island, there is erecting
an establishment for the manufacture of all
kinds of Dundee goods, to he managed by Dun
dee mechanics. A number ot other Dundee
manufacturersand mechanics, have gone South
to establish themselves.
“ Large quantities of Oil Cloths, used to be
imported from England. This trade is also ex
tinct, and manufacturers of this article from
that country, are now establishing themselves
throughout all the Northern States of the Union.
There are several establishments in Brooklyn,
Long Island. The proprietors of one of these,
Messrs. Richards & Horton, are about intro
ducing the manufacture of Glaze Cloths, of
every variety and description—such as table
covers, &c., at prices that will put foreign com
petition at defiance.
“ Messrs. Peter & Andrew Howe, brothers,
who served their time or apprenticeship in
Dun !ee, which is celebrated for its manufac
tures in machinery, as well as in linen,came to
this country last fall, and established them
selves at Norfolk, Virginia, as manufacturers
of machinery, &c., where 1 am assured they are
succeeding admirably.”
You see by the latter part, that he knows what
Virginia is, and her people, (always excepting
some of her politicians,) and the invitation he
makes to them in behalf ot the manufacturers
ol Dundee. Here it is :
“In Virginia, there are some splendid sites
for manufacturing—capital is plentiful, and the
people are liberal. Its close proximity to the
flax andcotton growing Stales, renders it a very
desirable location for the manufacture ol Dun
dee goods. In Dundee there are dozens of
manufacturers who can barely eke out a sub
sistence, and who would very willingly come to
Virginia, if sufficient encouragement were held
out to them—something tangible, that would
enable them to commence operations on a scale
superior to any thingof lhe kind in this country.
The benefits which would accrue by the estab
lishment of manufactures in Virginia, are per
fectly obvious to any one who has ever paid any
attentions lhe subject. Once let jhem be es
: ott a firm basis, and thevv ill soon an-
1 tbwiefciaTf alents of her -sons.”
Should any of the good people of Richmond,
feel desirous ot encouraging this object, thev
can make known their desires to yon, and I shall,
from the advice 1 receive from you, take lhe
prorer steps to make the jnatler known to lhe
parties. Should Richmond exert herself to have
concentrated at the Capital of the State, a dozen
or soot large factories, she would add to her pop
ulation in five years, some fifteen thousand
souls. This would stimulate her Legislature,
and bv adding a greater market for the farmer,
stimulate industry with the agricultural classes,
lead to the use of those new and useful discove
ries in the science ol Agriculture, and make her
what she ought to be—
—r ; “Great, glorious and free.
First bride of the Union, first gem of lhe sea.”
SOUTHERNER.
Money in New York.—The Commercial Ad
vcrliser of Saturday evening, discussing lhe pro
bability of a war and the expenses thereof, says:
In view, then, of the circumstances connected
with the acquisition of Texas, it is not improba
ble that the Government may within a few
months be in the market asa borrower of money;
and it is, as we suppose, the expectation ot this,
in connection with t- e reaction consequent upon
lhe movements of the Secretary ol the Treasury
in exacting security for lhe deposits, which lias
depressed the price of Government stocks more
in proportion than those of the solvent states.
A new issue would doubtless find purchasers,
though it is more than probable that they would
be on this side of the Atlantic
Our friends in Europe, it we can judge from
indications of lhe money market in the accounts
received by the last steamer, are likely within a
few months to have quite as much to do as will
be found convenient to lake care of their own
rail road stocks, which within a year or two
have been created in such reckless profusion,
without embarking to any considerable extent in
new issues of American securities. We do not
look for any large amount to be sent to this
country for sale, but we have not yet seen any
evidence ot a disposition to increase their in
vestments, although the payment by Pennsylva
nia has certainly strengthened their confidence
in the ultimate value ol those they already hold,
and they are perhaps more disposed to await
their final issue.
The accumulation of private capital in this
country, since the passage of the last tariff act,
has been very great, and a ready market ought
therefore to be found at home for all the stocks,
public or private, which are necessary to be
created. The value ot money, however, pre
sent or prospective, is such as not to render six
per cent, securities, very desirable investments
at a high premium tor our own capitalists. Our
improvements keep pace with our increase of
wealth, if they do not far outstrip it, and new
enterprises lor the employment of capital are
constantly brought forward in such numbersthat
when lhe business of the country is prosperous,
and lhe ordinary facilities for its transaction are
required, money may readily be employed al six
or seven per cent interest.
We indeed look for a m ire active demand
than we have experienced for some time. The
rate ot interest has been gradually increasing for
the last vear, and causes for an additional de
mand have arisen within the last two or three
months which can, we think, hardly fail to give
employment to all the means that can be made
available al still higher rates. The supplj’ of
money, both in Europe and in this country, lias
for two or three years been exceedingly abun
dant Its effect has been to stimulate specula
tion, especially in the former, to an extent wholly
unprecedented. The natural consequences of
such movements is to enhance the value ot
money, and where there has been much over
trading one extreme is followed by another.
We notice that in the four weeks preceding
the sailing of the last steamer the bullion in the
Bank of England had fallen oft upward of
£BOO,OOO, equivalent to a reduction of a million
of dollars a week; a tact which, it it should
prove to be anv thing more than a temporary
movement, is destined ere long materially to af
fect the value ot money in that kingdom. The
accounts by the next steamer may be looked for
with some interest, both in respect to lhe condi
tion of llieir money market, and the prospects
ot lhe harvest, with regard to which some feats
appear to be entertained.
, Old Books.—A correspondent of the New
. ark Advertiser invites the editor to see " a vol
i ume entitled ‘Christian Directorte,’ printed in
1585, just 260 years old to-day : also a Creek
Bible printed in lhe year 1653, with several other
volumes, some 50 and 100 years their juniors—
i all in an excellent state ol preservation.”
I We nrav a id that there is now in the pos
session ot Mr. S. P. Hull, of Morristown,
t a Bible much older than the one mentioned in
yesterday’sdailv. 1: was printed in London, in
5 the year 1580; in the old English Text, and it
s is in an excellent state of presevation.— Editor
- Advertiser.
try- Gen. Worth and staff, (composed of Cap
r tain Sprague, Dr. Wright, Lieut Smith and
, others,) tooktheirdeparlure tor Texas viaTam
(j pa Bav on Monday last.—S'. AugHSft’ne Nrirs,
,t 30M uU.
MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 8.
Georgia Rail Road.
We are requested to state that the passenger
trains will commence their regular trips on this
road between Augusta and Atlanta—its western
terminus—on Monday next, 15'h inst. Fare
s7—distance 172 miles. Freights for Atlanta
will be received at lhe Augusta depot, at any
time after the 10'h instant.
Third Ward.
At a meeting ol lhe Whigs of lhe Third
Ward, held at the Globe Hotel, on Saturday
evening, 6th inst, the following gentlemen
were appointed delegates to the Convention to
nominate candidates to represent this county in
the next legislature:
W. E Evans, 'Samuel Hardeman,
John Finn, W. E. Jackson.
The Policy and the Party.
A writer in the Helicon under the signature of
“Grain-grower,’’ is felling lhe people some
home truths in a very plain way, which can
be relied upon with the utmost confidence, as
they can be fully sustained by the records. We
copy the following, and commend it to’the read-
er’s attention:
“In 1840, the Whigs had majorities in both
branches ot the Legislature. They had to en
counter extraordinary difficulties. An empty
Treasury is always oppressive and dangerous
to the interests of the party in power, because it
induces taxation upon the people or neglect ol
duty to the State. But, superadded to this diffi
culty, the Whigs had to struggle with all the
deleterious consequences of Democratic rule.
Let facts speak a language which all can un
derstand. In 1839, the circulation of the Cen
tral Bank was but $86,932. When the Legis
lature of 1840 assembled, it was more than Fif
teen Hundred Thousand Dollars. In one single
year, lhe circulation ofthe Bank had increased
nearly eighteen times what it ought to have been
if the true interests of the people had been con
sulted. The people were injured, not benefitted
by this policy; and if they have not already be
come universally satisfied of lhe fact, they will
unanimously acknowledge it when they shall
be— as they will be— called upon to pay (by taxa
tion) for these liberal Democratic-demagogue
ical indulgences!
“But in the midst of this alarming slate ofthe
public interests—when madness itself could
hardly plead excuse for such an error—Gov.
McDonald recommended to the Legislature to
pawn the honor and credit of the State for mil
lions more, for the purpose of loaning to the
people through the Central Bank! What a pre
cious specimen ot demagogueistn to humbug
the people! Let us see how it worked. The
Democratic party in the Legislature, to their
everlastingshame, voted to sustain the measure.
In'4l, they went before the people with Gov.
McDonald’s recommendation in their hands,
shaped to suit their purposes, and, with the
aid of the sugar and coffee insurrection, they
once more elected their Governor. They
went forth with the cry of ' McDonald and Re
lief,’ and with their clamors against the 'odious
Whig tax,’ they carried the Legislature.—
They made a fcinl to redeem their pledges to
the people, by passings bill to reduce the ‘odious
whig tax’ 20 per cent., and Gov. McDonald
faintly vetoed it. So the ‘odious whig tax’was
continued, in defiance and violation of their
pledges, by these lovers per se of the dear people!
'This Legislature of 1841 repealed so much
of the Act of 1840 as forbid the Central Bank
to make further loans; authorised it to flood the
country with shinplaslers and ordered it to re
lieve the people inmediaMp. Alas, vain call I
the galvanized giant could not respond to the
demand.
“In 1842, lhe Democrats again had large ma
jorities in both branches ol the Legislature.
The sugar and coffee insurrection had served its
turn—the wolf cry of Relief! Relief! had grown
stale—the ‘odious whig lax of 1840 was begin
ning to be suspected of being a sound, judicious
political measure!
“Under such circumstances they met—these
shame-faced demagogues—and, hanging their
beads under an oppressive consciousness of
power unjustifiable gained and unworthily re
tained, they already trembled over the certainty
of thetr downfall. They had basely deceived
the people by false lights or under cover of dark
ness, bitt now the bright luminary of Truth had
dawned in lhe midst ot their iniquities. Now
they could have cried tor ‘Relief!’ sot them
selves—but the wolf cry stuck in their throats!
AU felt the necessity of doing something to save
an injured countiy; but many ol those who
had been most clamorous about ‘whig taxes’
and ‘relief,’ shrunk back aghast at the bare sug
gestion of/aging the people— the dear people!
But something had to be done. They implored
lhe whigs—the same whigs who had imposed
the odious whig tax of 1840 —to come to their
'Relief I’ They added Iwcnly fivc per cent, to
the ‘odious whig tax’ of 1810, and called upon
the whigs to come forward and consecrate their
reluctant sacrifice upon the altar ol their com
mon country. What a strange, and, to them,
what a humiliating spectacle I The whigs en
grafted a proviso upon the lax bill, to the effect
that its proceeds should not be used to bolster up
the Central Bank—the nobler part ot the demo
crats accepted it, and the bill was passed.
“Central Bank money was then at 30 to 40
per cent discount. These patriots had done
much, all things considered, for the advantage
ofthe State, and they very patriotically conclu
ded that i heir extraordinary patriotism deserved
an extra reward. So they increased their own
pay to make up lhe depreciation in Central
Bank bills!!
“In the midst of the dilemma in which its
miserable policy had placed the Democratic
party, it sought foranother hobby, another hum
bug, by means of which they might divert pub
lic attention from their past misconduct. To this
end, bqlieving Rail Roads generally to have
grown into disfavor with the people, tl ey sin
gled out the Western and Atlantic Road for
their victim.
“ Having summed up their labors by adding
twenty-five per cent, to the‘Whig Tax,’and in
creasing their own pay twelve nod a halt per
cent., the Democratic Legislature of 1842 dis
persed to their homes, apprehensively to await
the judgment ot a humbugged constituency.”
The Albany Argus mentions the following
fact to illustrate lhe benefits of the late Geologi
cal survey of that State, in an economical point
of view:—
"One single fact established by that survey,
is worth more than the whole cost—and that
tact concerns, not what we do possess, (though
there are facts enough illustrating Ihni point,)
but what we do not possess. It is computed,
on sound authorin', that half a million ot rfol
lurs were forme:lv squandered in useless re
searches for coo.', in the valley oflhe Huds-n
alone. The Geological Survey demonstates
that coal cannot befonnd in this Stale—lhe near
est approach to the coal measures being south
ward of ourbottndary, in Pennsylvania. Some
selt-opinioned people, deceived by lhe aspect of
the Utica slate an I Marcellus skales. &c,
woul-.l not be convinced ot the truth, till they
squandered some tirne and money in fruitless
explorations: but where is the sensible man,
who now disputes lhe assertions of the Geolo
gist upon tl is subject?
Steamer Burnt.—The new iron steamer
Bangor, which felt Boston on Saturday after
noon, 29:h uh., lorlhe Penobscot, with 31 pas
sengers, and freight valued al $20,000, took fire
on Sun lay, about 4 P. M. in a bulkhead near
the boiler, and the flames spreading with great
rapidity, she was run ashore at Islesboro’, on
the east end of Long Island, about 7 miles below
Castine. The passengers and crew all got
safely ashore, and the greater pan ot the bag
gage was saved. All lhe freight and consuma
ble parts of the boat were destroyed. Il is sup
posed that there was no insurance either on the
boat or freight. The revenue cutter Veto, ly
ing al Castine at the time, went to the arsist
ance of the Bangor, and brought her passengers
to Castine.— Boston Alios.
From the N. O. Bee of the fhl inst.
Mexico.
The schooner Juaquino., Captain Gomez, ar
rived yesterday morning from Tampico, bring
ing dates from the city ol Mexico, to lhe 12th
ult. Captain G. reports that it was generally
believed at Tampico that General Herrera—lhe
present Executive—had been elected President,
it was moreover currently rumored, that there
were 1500 Mexican troops on their march from
the interior to join Paredes, and that these with
the 2,000 already under the command of that
General, would constitute an effective force of
3,500 men, with which he contemplated a de
scent upon Galveston by (he northern route,
while General Arista was to attack Gen’l Tay
lor at Corpus Christi. We give this statement
as we received it, having strong doubts of its
being any thing tnote than the usual vain glo
rious bluster of the Mexicans.
By some accident we received no papers by'
this arrival, and therefore transcribe the sub
joined intelligence from last evening’s Courier:
Monasterio, Secretary for Foreign Affairs, ol
government and police.
The dissolution otihe cabinet was announced
on the 4th, to the Congress, by a message from
h the President ad interim, as follows:
Ministry of Foreign Affairs, &c.
Gentlemen—His Excellency, lhe President
S' ad interim, requests me to communicate to you,
s that notwithstanding lhe talents, the patriotism
■ ( and integrity of those who, in the present diffi
culties, have the honor to administer the depart
d tnents—viz: Luis G. Cuevas, Mariauo Riva
. Palacio, Luis de la Rosa and Pedro Garcia
B Conde, he has, with regret, found himself com
pelled to accept their resignation. Until a new
ministry can be formed, it is proper that a pro
. visional ministry be formed in order that the
public affairs may not suffer. His Excellency
therefore confers the offices of ministers of jus
■ tice and of war upon Jose Maria Duran and
- Juan Luis de Leon, and upon me, besides that
, I now administer, the office of minister ot fi
' nance.
1 JOSE MARIA O. MONASTERIO.
i August 11th.
in the same paper ot the 12th there is a com-
I tnunication trorn the same minister thanking
those who had resigned, tor the ability with
which they had discharged their duties.
I The new ministry was r.ot formed al the last
I dates, nor will it be done before lhe inaugura
tion of the new President, and who that would
• be was not yet knoum.
In the Dtario ol the 12 h are two proclama
tions of Gen. Arista; one addressed to the peo
ple of the departments ot Coahuila, Nuevo Leon
' and lamaulipas, calling them to arms; the
| other, t" the troops under his command to ex
cite their martial ardor. The last isso curious
that we shall publish it entile:
' “Comrades! The Supreme Government has
sent to me by ex press the news that the United
States, in pursuance of their ambitious views,
having taken possession of the Department ot
Texas, he had demanded a declaration of war
from the Congress against that unjust nation.
“ The time is come to fight. VVe must pre
pare with the ardor inspired by duty and patriot
ism, when an attack is made upon the soil, the
honor and the pride ofthe nation.
" I am sure, comrades, that those presump
tions Americans will be greatly disappointed
when they find that our soldiers are not so con
temptible as they thought, and that they cannot
conquer them.
“1 address you under the influence of a lively
enthusiasm. All fanciful doubt is vanished;
the question is decided; and we are about to
commence the most righteous war that we ever
waged. Laurelsawait us! To anus! It is
the only means of avenging our honor, insulted
by a nation that boasts of its liberality and civi
lization.
“ Arms are the only arguments to use against
banditti and men without good faith. Let us
hope for that justice which is invoked by all so
ciety and the decision of the civilized world.
“Our Jot will be envied by Ihe rest of the i
army—we are nearest the theatre ot war—we
arc the first to avenge the outrages on our coun
try, and to ravish from the usurpers the object
of their rapine.
"Large bodies of troops are on their march—
they will soon be here to share our dangers
and repulse the enemy.
“ The veterans ot the north havegiven proofs
of their valor and constancy—they are accus
tomed to conquer this presumptuous race. 1
know your worth, and how dearly you love to
serve your country. It is lor this that lam 1
pleased to command you and to lead you to the 1
combat, in which your comrade and best friend 1
will be prOttd to follow your example.
"MARIANO ARISTA.” 1
l
.. ..
Prom the New Haven Herald.
Splendid Meteor.
Yesterday evening, (Monday, 261 h inst)
about half past 7o’clock, a meteoric fireball of
very uncommon splendor was observed by
many ofour citizens. The sky was still so light
that few stars were visible, when the meteor ap
peared high up in the Southeastern quarter. It
rapidly increased in brilliancy, and as it .ailed
slowly down toward the East, threw off a host
of sparks and flakes, of various hues, among
which the most prominent were steel blue ami
golden green.
It was now apparently many limes larger than
Venus when brightest, and being enveloped in a
blaze of tinted scintillations, it presented a spec
tacle of surpassing magnificence and beauty.
Il disappeared in a kind ol explosive flash, of
red light, low down toward the Eastern horizon,
too remote probably to permit us to hear the re
port.
The following notes relative lo the meteor
will be useful when combined with similar ob
servations made in other places.
1. Position when first seen. Altitude forty
two degrees, bearing South sixty-two degrees
East, by true meridian. This place is uncertain
perhaps five degrees in both elements.
2. Position at disappearance. Altitude seven
degrees or seven and a half; bearing North sixty
nine degrees East, by true meridian This
place is probably exact within half a degree in
each element.
3. Time ot flight, two and a half to three
seconds. The motion seemed deliberate—sail
ing rather than darting.
4. Apparent magnitude. The glare of the
sparks and the blaze rendered it impossible satis
factorily to observe the nucleus. The diameter
may safely be taken al iwo minutes ol a degree,
and was probably nearly twice this.
5. No report was heard, and in the circum
stances could not have been noticed, unless it
had been quite heavy.
Persons residing North and East of this (es
pecially in Hartford, Cambridge, Providence
and Nantucket,) who may have made precise
observations on the meteor, are earnestly desired
to give them to the public through the newspa
pers. Such observations were doubtless secured,
and if compared they may render it practicable
to ascertain the size, velocity and course of this
little asteroid, anu possibly to indicate the spot
where its fragments found a resting nlace.
E C. H.
We have corresponding accounts of the same
meteor from Providence, Boston and New Bed
ford.
Edccati on or the Conscience.—Conscience
becomes awakened by the notions of good and
evil, ol justice and injustice. It is the first
faculty ofthe soul which appears in us; it is
. powerful, but blind. He who deceives his con
science mav become a Ravaillar or a Murat.
Man is not ala ays innocent when his con
science absolves him; he is not always guilty
when his conscience accuses him. Have a
care, young mother, now is the time; free they
reason in order to expand thy seal, tor it is
' abont to pass entirely into the soul ot Ihe child.
• Ah I do not suffer any other thought than thine
t own to penetrate into that sanctuary. It is a
question between vice and virtue—between the
joy or remors of a whole lite; thou engravest
, upon brass The earliest education is effected
i entirely in the conscience, and the conscience
i is onlv good when enlightened by reason.
) '
* A new paper, called “ The Piketonian, has
. just been issu’d at Piketon, Ohio. The editor
> says of it:
s “The Pitetonian is edited and published by
' Samuel Piie, at Pifeton, Pike county, Ohio,
upon ihe turnpite which crosses the Scioto
’. river abounding with the must delicious fish
1 called Pite; and that ihe court house in the
■ said Pifcton, Pike county, n the turnpile, has
' a noble pike as a vane, to show that the,curd
s Mores in favor of Pike all lite time.”
Educating the Masses. —The idea of in
structing and elevating the masses beloass lo
. modern limes: it opens out new doctrines to
the world. The ancient legislators would not
" have comprehended it: the legislators of the
’ middle ages would only have seen in it a:. im
r piety, as ih, v considered Unit knowledge utiglilJ
l to bei ••ng only to the church: consequently,
n people, up lo the present lime, have
they might ; reduced; Ido not sav in
it •r in vi’iui-, but merely in ime.li
a -iiLliitic sr.-e acle v Id ’h w.t« -
-■.;r-.i., tvi.i-li i- now roepai
>. gemr.i'; lb: ‘
e itself,
VOL. IX.—NO. 37.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
v /t * ‘
Arrival V <>p TI,F
STEAMSHIP CALEDONIA.
From the. New York Herald, 4th inst.
Fifteen Days Later from Europe.
The steamship Caledonia arrived*! Boston
yesterday morning at 6 o’clock. She left Liv
erpool on lhe 19lh ult., and we are In possession
of advices to her day ol sailing.
We received the news by the enterprising ex
press agents, Adams & Co., brought by the way
of Hartford to this city, in the steamboat New
Champion. «.
The amount of specie in lhe Bank of England
is no less than X 16,000,000, an unusually large
quantity. On this account the bank refuses to
purchase lhe Chinese instalment of •2,<X»,00Q
tn silver, and it will be publicly sold.
Mr. McLane has delivered his credentials to
the Queen, and Mr. Everett his letters ol recall. M
uoft tie seen, has had f
lhe continent. A London paper, in he Pal
merstonian interest, says—" The visit of lhe
Queen to the Rhine has given rise to a world
of jealousies and mistrusts— has made courts
anxious and diplomatists busy.
The probability of a war between lhe United
Slates and Mexico had caused a decline of
nearly 2 pet cent, in Mexican bonds.
The stocks of British goods on hand generally
are stated to be slight.
Parliament was prorogued on the9:hof Au
gust, by the Queen in person. During its ses
sion, it sanctioned the construction of 2000 miles
of new railways in England and Scotland, and
560 miles in Ireland. The capital authorized
to be raised in shares for this purpose amounts
to £31,680,000, exclusive of£6,BOO,(MX) required
for the Irish lines, making in all £38,480,000.
Sir Robert Peel gave assurance that he con
templated change in the principle of the existing
corn laws.
Wilmer’s News Deller says Ministers
have acted with great vigor and promptitude ia
Ireland by dismissing Mr. Watson from the de
puty lieutenancy ot a county for attending an
Orange meeting and publicly recommending
the re-establishment of a society under the ban
of the law. They seemed determined to ad
ministereven-handed justice to Orangemen and
Repealers. The great Orange meeting held at
Enniskillen, on Tuesday, was a failure, and the
Repeal agitation is falling away in interest and
revenue. 10,000 persons were present.
Tlte Queen’s Visit to Germany.
1 ler Majesty has al length set out upon lier
long projected visit to the continent, after having
dismissed the peers and lhe representatives ot
lhe people from their arduous labors during a
protracted session to the employment of a wel
come recess. i
The royal cortege left Buctcinghatn palace
shoniy after four o’clock on Saturday afternoon,
and, passing through Pimlico and Vauxhall
bridge, proceeded at a rapid rate towards Wool
wich, where the Royal yatch and her consort,
the Black Eagle, lay in readiness loconvej- the
royal party to Atwerp. Her Majesty stepped
on board at twenty minutes past five o’clock,
and the royal yatch having let go her moorings,
dropped gallantly down the river, amidst the
roaring of cannon, followed by the Black Eagle
and Porquepine Government steamers.
They remained at Sen Beach during the
night, weighedanchoron Sunday morning, pass
ed through the Nore al half past four o’clock,
and were seen 30 miles above Flushing about
four o’clock on Sunday afternoon, and arrived
off Antwerp about a quarter to six on Sunday
evening, amidst the customary salmes, and the
royal party, were immediately visited by the
authorities, but did not land that night. Her
Majesty had a very rough passage, and the rain ■
fell so heavily as tn a great measure to prevent
her trom being on deck during the voyage.
Immediately on her arrival her Majesty des
patched letters announcing it to the King ofthe ../i,
Belgians and the King of Prussia.
The next meaning about a quarter to seven
the Queen and Prince Albert unne on shore,
amidst a royal salute and the cheering of the
crew ofthe yatch and on the three olher steam
ers (who manned lhe yards) as well as of lhe
spectators on shore. Both her Majesty and his
Royal Highness looked remarkably well. The
royal visitors and their suite proceeded in car
riages down the Canal au Beurre, the Vielle
Marche an Ble, lhe Place Ferle, and the Meir,
to the railway, station, and where the royal
train, (a magnificent one) was waiting to convey
them to Malines, the central point of the Bel
gian Railway, and the one selected for the in
terview between Queen Victoria and their Bel
gian Majesties. The King and Queen ot the
Belgians, accompanied by their Royal High
ncssess the Duke of Braham and the Gouri of
Flanders, awaited the arrival of their august
visiters in the large sitting-room of the station.
France.
The King and Royal Family are al ihe Cha
teau d’Eo, where the Princess of Saxe Coburg
Gotha has been safely delivered cl a eon.
A declaration of war by Mexico against the
United Slates is the great point discussed bv the
Paris papers, lai Preese regards that act as a
puerile demonstration, calculates upon ihe sup
port ot Mexico by Great Britain, and recom
mends that France observe the strictest neu
trality. The other opposition prints discuss
the matter much in the same strain.
Markets.
l.lVnsrnoL. August 8.
Co/lorl—hi Ihe early pul ol ihe week Ihe market was
dull and heavy, hut die experience of hue weather dot
ing the last two days has induced a renewal of confi
dence and a more active demand, the extreme prices
nt Friday last having lieeu Inslay readily obtained for
all description, of cotion. The sale, amount to 35 960
bates, of v hikh 7.71X1 American end 7(XI Pernams have
l,ert, taken on speculation, and 3.2110 American and 500
Pernam. for expmt. The committee’s quotations for
lair cotton remain, a. last week, viz: Hawed 4|d, Mo
bile 4|tl, and Orleans -17 d qg lb.
August 13—Colton ha. been in lair demand the
past week, and American description, are partially J<l
perlb dearer than on Ft iday last; in othet kinds no
change can be noticed. The .ales of Ihe week amount
lo 41,990 bales of which 8400 American have been taken
on speculation, and 2300 do, forexport. The commit
tee's quotations today for fair cotton are as follows,
viz: Bowed 4|d, Mobilelfd, and Oilcans 3d per lb.
Angust 18. —Since Friday there has been only, mi
delate busineM done, bat the tone of Ihe malket is firm,
and prices are steady. On Saturday the sales amount •
«d to btXXt, and to day to 4000 bales. Os the business
done to-day, 300 were Pernams, (500 for export.) C» lo
6jd ; 150 Egyptians, tis lo 6fd ; 209 Sural,2| lo 3|d.
A vessel will sail from New Orleans in No
vember next with emigrants from Kentucky, to
commence ihe settlement of Kentucky, in
Liberia, li is intended to take out this fall only
two hundred. They will enjoy all the advanta
ges of the Liberian Government, and have the
same privileges in Kentucky, in Africa, that
lhey would have in any olher colony in Liberia.
The emigrants will be furnished land accor
ding to the business they shall pursue when
they arrive there. Those who cannot pay their
expenses there, will be provided for and sup
ported six months after their arrival. The set
tlement will be made in the neighborhood of
Monrovia, on the north or the south side of it.
The emigrants from Kentucky are lo assemble
in Louisville in November, and, with the agsnt
of ihe American Colonization Society fur Ken
tucky. will go down to New Orleans, and ihere
take shin.
Mexican Vessels of Wax.—About 18
months since Messrs. Brown & Bell, extensive
ship builders of this city, received an order from
the Mexican Government for six schooners 11
war, of about 80 tons burlhen each. They
were completed about six month* since, and
lay at the ya'd of Messrs. Brown &. Be 11, await
ing an onier from Ihe Mexican Goveinn en’,
accompanied with the money which was to
be paid for them. The order came, with a
plea of inability to pay- About two months '
since however, three of them were paid for and
dispatched, and the other three now lie at
Messrs. Brown &B’ll’s yard, awaiting a like
demand. —A'. Y. Herald.
Dignity of Woman. —lt is not the woman
uho si ould be instructed bv means of ihe hus
band : it is the husband who should be regene
rated by means ol the wile. What, then, is io
b.rdone? Restore women to the complete sense
of their dignity, and teach them to distinguish
true love from the fury which usurps its name.
The first point is that they should be loved and
respected—that thev should mi no account, as
sent to the deplorable pari imposed upon them
by our brutal passions—that they should leant
how degrading is rite homage which would
convert them into instruments of caprice anti
pleasure.
We understand that Signor Muzzi has ob
tained a money nearly sufficient b>
enable irrial earnin''
I, bv i