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OLD SERIES, VOL. LIX.
THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
13 PUBLISHED DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY, AND WEEKLY
BY J. W. <Sc W. S. JONES.
The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel
13 PUBLISHED AT
Three Dollars per annum—or one subscriber two
years, or two subscribers one year for 35.
Ten subscribers, one year, for 320 00
TVi- Weekly paper, at Five Dollars per annum.
Daily paper, at Ten Dollars per annum.
Cash System.—ln no case will an order for the
paper be attended to, unless accompanied with
the money; and in every instance when the time
for which any subscription may be paid, expires
before the receipt of funds to renew the subscri; -
tion, the paper willbediscontinued. Depreciated
money received at its value in this city.
FRIDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 12.
lowa.—The majority for Dodge (dem.) for
Congress is 519; the majority against the Con
stitution is 317.
Jcdoh Story.—The last accounts from Judge
Story stale that he was belter, and strong hopes
ol his speedy recovery are entertained.
Pennsylvania Debt.—The Treasurer of the
State of Pennsylvania has issued a circular un
der dale ol lite Ist inst., addressed to the collec
tors ol the several counties of the Stale, in which
he upon them-nd, action as wi! insure
oflhe interest on the State
debt falling due on the first of February next.
Business in Nbw-York.—The Courier &
Enquirer ofThursday says: “As an evidence
ol the commencement of the fall business of the
city, we may state the fact that all the hotels
are crowded with guests, and hundreds ot new
comers are every day obliged to make a general
search throughout the city for lodgings.—
Three gentlemen from the South by the night
train on Tuesday last, drove thus around town
for a couple of hours, and succeeded at last in
obtaining permission to stand in th. o . area ol one
of our hotels! We presume they found better
lodgings than this:—but the fact that all our ho
tels and leading boarding houses are full and
running over, is illustrated by the circum
stance."
Anti-Rentism.—The Delhi correspondent ol
the Argus writes under date of September 4th,
that two companies had just returned, one with
six and the other with seven prisoners, making
one hundred now in custody. The examinations
before the Justice are continued, and arrests are
unade as fast as prisoners can be found. Most
•of those still at large, however, hare absconded.
The letter writer says that the landlords have
embraced this opportunity to erdoree the collec
tion of back rents. On Tuesday a small com
pany ot about 20 men made a circuit through
two adjoining towns, and served between 30 and
40 distress warrants.
ICS"The first of the American Mail Steam
ships for Europe is now receiving cargo at Bos
ton for Liverpool. She is called the Massachu
setts, one of Harnden & Co.’s new line, propel
ler, and will be able to make the passage out in
about filteen days. The Post-office Depart
ment is in treaty with the line for the transpor
tation of the mail. The date of sailing will
probably be the 10 h and 25th ot each month
from New York, and the 12ih and 27th from
Liverpool.
O The Philadelphia Inquirer of the 6th
inst says : “Conversing yesterday with a gen
the West, he deprecated a war I
with Mexico forvarious reasons. He said that
the spirit in many sections of the Mississippi
Valley, was one of activity, enterprise ahd ad
venture, and if an excitement should be pro
duced there by one or two battles with the Mex
icans, and especially by any outrages, alleged
or real, committed by that people against Amer
ican citizens, little difficulty would be expe
rienced in raising from 50,000 to 100,000 mount
ed men to march through Mexico,” &e.
Exportation or Wool.—There have been
shipments of wool to England lately to the ex.
tent of 100,000 lbs., and there are further orders
in market. The reason of these shipnents is,
that wool can no where else be bought so cheap
as in this country.
Sa’dis. —The amount of specie exported
f roni t New '-York during the month of August
wa55549, 12 6_ ** * hich went t 0 En? ‘
’and, and $119,651 t? l< ' rßnve '
fV The Wilmington N. ’ ayS!
—The turpentine distilled in this , atoO 000
is estimated at 200,000 bbls., worth - i ue d
The raw material shipped, 75,000 bbls., , a
$168,000. Tar shipped, 30,000 bbls., wm
$15,009. Total $613,000. A tolerable res
pectable revenue from one tree. Long live the
evergreen pine, say we! I
The N. Y. Commercial, in its Money Arti
cle, says that the amount of railways chartered
at the late session of the British Parliament is
nearly forty millions of pounds sterling, and
those projected and either refused or delayed for
future consideration amount to almost as much
more. The lines which have been heretofore
constructed and which are now in operation
have most of them proved profitable invest
ments, and command high premiums in the
market.
Flo! roa California.—A project for emi
gration to California has been conceived in Ar
kansas, some of the details of which, says the
Picayune, we find in the Little Rock Gazette,
from the pen of Mr. D. G. W. Leavitt, of Na
poleon. The purpose of the projectors is to
raise a company of one thousand—“a n umber
sufficient to give stability and permanemcy to
the settlement, andalso to give it a comma tiding
influence on the sparely settled coast.” It is
proposed to send the families and freight ■ at the
emigrants by sea from New Orleans. The
young men, and others who prefer it, to
take the overland route from Fort Smith to
Santa Fe and thence to the Pracific, which if :is
proposed to strike near the Bay of San Fern atl
do, in lat. 31°, there to meet the families gofng
by water. A site is then to be chosen, after a
thorough exploration of the coast, lor a pert aa
nent settlement. Mr. Leavitt enters at length
into the attractions and advantages wbtieh
California holds out to Western men, and >ore
dicts that ten years will see the coast of Califor
nia well settled, and that beautiful country “‘the
great Southwestern Republic of North Amer
ica."
A New kino or Lioht.—A new mode, of
procuring light has been communicated to the
French Academy of Science, which is t t> ob
tain and use the spirit resulting from the ‘distil
lation of wood. Four parts of this spir it are
to be mixed with one part of essence of tub-pen
line.
Ihe London Times of the 18th contains a
very detailed account of the manner in which,
by special railway express, they published at
London the result of the election in Sunderland,
301 miles distant, in eighl hours after the polls
closed! Forapartof the distance the train ran
at the rate of 75 miles per hlj»r, but on account
of curves, &c , this speed could not be main
tained. Alter closing the polls, and while the
Mayor was declaring the result, a copy of she
Times was put into his hands, containing the
full account! This probably is the greatest feat
of the kind ever performed.
JTr On the Providence railroad there is said
to have been an increase of receipts often thou
sand dollars In each of the months ot July and
August.
What are the Issues?—Who spent the
Money f
Perhaps there is nothing which tells more
strongly against our political opponents, than
their urgency to draw off the mind of the people
from attention to their own home and State af
fairs, ajidto engross it with Federal party poli
tics. tl is not simply (says the Southern Re
corder) that they seem to fear a elose and strict
scrutiny of the affairs of our own Stale, but the
press of our opponents would almost impress
one, by its violence against those who will not
follow it into the field of Federal party politics,
with the belief that it was unbecoming and un
patriotic—nay, almost criminal, for the people,
in a State election, to turn aside, for the moment,
from general politics to the con .ideration of
their more immediate home concerns and inter
ests.
Without now particularly assigning the rea
sons for this great anxiety of the opposition
press to draw off the public mind frbm that
which so seriously concerns it, (as we believe
this has already been done sufficiently well) we
would appeal, once for all, to our fellow-citizens
of Georgia, and respectfully and earnestly in
quire ol them, whether they do not think they
have long enough neglected their own interests,
the well being ol their own Stale, and the wel
fare ot themselves, their children, and thgir
children’s children, in wasting their energies
upon federal part}' politics, and upon questions
most generally got up, not to much for the sup
posed welfare ol the country as for the promo
tion and political aggrandizement of individuals.
Had the attention and interest of our people
been heretofore concentrated on the welfare ot
our own Stale, what a country might she not
have been now! Opulent, beyond any of her
sisters, in lands and other wealth, with a most
genial climate, a fertile soil, and with a popula
tion abounding in all the qualities necessary lor
greatness—energy, intelligence, and a love ot
order, what might we not have been as a people,
if instead of the waste of the public energies on
the political hobbies ol the hour, the offspring
for the most partol mere selfish aspirations for
office and preferment on the part ol demagogues,
the people had bent their powers and concentra
ted them on their own home affairs, the special
interests of their own State, the country with
whose dust is mingled the dust of their fathers,
and in whose bosom they hope themselves at
last to repose!
Where now is all our wealth? What remains
to Georgia of her magnificent public domain?
What ot all bet treasure? Has she retained
enough to free our people from taxation?
Enough to make our market roads and rivers
convenient to lhe people? Enough to educate
every son and daughter of the republic, and to
destroy by this means, essentially and forever, all
invidious and aristocratic distinctions among
our people? Has she retained enough, as she
might easily have done, to place her people even
beyond the reach of misfortune, and to give as
surance to the stricken children of undeserved
poverty, to the forlorn ones of orphanage, that
their own Georgia would be to them instead of
father and mother, and from her ample stores,
supply their wants, and rear them up lor her de
fence and glory, and for (heir own well being?
All this, ay, and tar beyond all this, might she
have done; for her revolutionary patrimony was
ample for this, and far more than this. But has
she done it? Who but must feel hfs cheeks to
tingle as be answers the question ? And what
is the answer? What of all the atnpie resour
ces of Georgia remains? Adebtot ncarlytwo
millions of dollars, the interest to be - paid -by
taxes now, and the principal in a few years to
be paid by taxes ch ourselves anil on our child
ren !! Tell it not in Gath I publish it not in lhe
streets oi Askelon I
At the door-of demagogue politicians, do we
chiefly lay the odium of all this havoc of the in
terests of our State and people - this Vandal de
struction of the sources of what might have been
our own prosperity and greatness. The effort to
turn the attention of onr people to these inter
ests, their own and their children’s welfare, and
to rescue the public K energies from the grasp of
political aspirants, who have used them, hereto
lore, and desire still only to use them, for their
ewn selfish aggrandizement, receives but scanty
courtesy at the hands of some portion at least of
the press opposed to us. Our efforts in this be
half have been as vinegar, in the mouths of at
least some of our opponents; and they have
made wry faces and spit accordingly. We trust
they will have good reason for yet sourer faces,
by witnessing the utter rout of hnmbnggery in
Georgia, from this time forth and forever. The
people have suffered already enough, in all con
science, in all that concerns their social pros
perity and happiness, by the prevalence ot hum
bug politics. They have been faithfully and
truthfully informed of the condition to which
themselves and their State has been brought by
'h false and ruinous devices, and we believe
s ” v 'v will sternly and significantly rebuke
l - hlch has so grievously injured their
t e past, w. 'hefr hopes, by adopting the line
prospects an . utal for their future hopes
of conduct so esse.. ,
... gv to their own home gov
that of chiefly attendm. . . , .
ernment, alp 1 * '?) so viruu
old and sr’ ’ . humbug dealers.
V amount has the Democratic 1 ’ ,r '/■ l’ c '- t
. . . , .sd lhe
ot people s money since they have h.
control of the State government? Answer,
Capital of Central Bank 34,291,708 33
State debt, rep. Finance Committee. 1,633,210 73
Deficit of Central Bank, accord-) 35901)0 00
ing to late examination. i ’
$6,274,919 06
Grand total ot the people’s money spent by the
Democratic party, when in power, (except one
year,) about six millions of dollars!!
Summary of the “ I'iscalily" of the Democratic
party for the time they cont rolled the ojfairs of the
State.— Spent all they had, besides leaving one
hundred and twenty thousand dollars a year as
taxes to be paid, simplr-jor the interest of (he
debt they leave on the Srate; and which debt has
ultimately to be paid in lull by the taxes ot lhe
people, amounting to a little, under two millions
of dollars !
What signifies a State debt of two millions,
and yearly taxes to pay its interest of one hun
dred and twenty thousand dollars?—whi't signi
fies all this to the people of Georgia, provided
they will only listen to the democracy tw.'t'le
about the miseries of a tariff, which, with a ra v
jority of sixty members, they will not repeal nor’
modify, in their own 1 louse of Representatives!!
Tile Difference between Democratic, and
-*• Whig Expenditui'cs.
Penitentiary.
Spent a&nually by the Democrats..slß,62s 00
Saved anxitially by Gov. Crawford.. 25,365 52
Printing Fund.
SpeiTt annually by the Democrats... 17,215 96
do do by Gov. Crawford... 9,256 57
Contingent Fund.
Spent ann daily by the Democrats..s2s,62B
do do by Gov. Crawford... 9,180
Alditary Fund.
Spent annuall’V by the Democrats $2,682 58
do do by Gov. Crawlord... 1,980 54
Legislalure.
Spent annually I V the Democrats. .$93 347 97
do do bt T the Whigs 76,978 86
Showing a savir g '<? 'be State, in one year, of
th- sunt of sixty sir thousand eight hundred and
’forty-eight dollars ano ’ seventeen cents!!
A New Tom Tiivmi T ? k m v Th
has been cast into the shade by the Empe
Tom Thumb—his featu T” are said to be a>m
manding and expressive, ■ ant * I>s ?’ B r e
proportioned, his height t wo feet nine inches,
his age sixteen years, and t Anally he attained his
present stature when four) ’ears of age.
EgS'iiß Jews.—A Touching Incident.—A cor
rifspondent ot the Charleston Courier, writing
from Newport, Rhode Island, relates the follow
ing touching incident in connection with the
early history of the Israelites of that city, and
the religious devotion manifested in the preser
vation of their institutions by one of the deno
mination who reveres the faith ot his fathers:
“ The liberal policy of the founders of Rhode
Island had drawn hither (to Newport) a com
munity of wealthy and enterprising Israelites,
who gave an impulse to its commerce. Now
there is not a single Jewish family, nor one ol
their descendants, on the island; but their ancient
and venerable synagogue still remains in perfect
order, as if prepared for their reception, and
their cemeterv, with its monuments, walks and
trees, is a model of neatness and elegance. Its
stately gateway is occasionally opened to re
ceive the remains of an Israelite from some dis
tant place, whose last wish it may have beer&o
rest here with his fathers. Even the Jewish
street is still kepi in perfect repair, through the
munificence of a Jewish merchant, whose grand
father was a Rabbi of this place. I notice, too,
with pleasure, that the classical building ol the
“Redwood Library” is undergoing a complete
renovation at the expense of the same individu
al, who is a citizen of New Orleans.”
American Mechanics in Russia.—The
London Mining Journal gives a brief descrip
tion of the gigantic Locomotive Establishment
at St. Petersburg!!, Russia, organized and di
rected, by .Messus* f’.v.iiun for
merly of Philadelphia, in conjunction, we be
lieve, with Mr. Winans, of Baltimore. It
characterizes it as “the most extraordinary as
well as gigantic Commercial Establishment
which can be found in the history of the world,
ancient or modern.”
This establishment was called into operation
(says the U. S. Gazette,) to supply the large
number of Locomotives required for the great
chain ot railroads which the Emperor ot Russia
has directed to be constructed, (Major Whistler,
a Bostonian, being Chief Engineei,) and it is so
huge in dimensions that three thousand five hun
dred operatives are employed in it. To keep
order in thismiied niassot Americans, Bnglish,
Scotch, Irish, Germans and Rus dans, a com
pany of soldiers is kept on duty in conjunction
with a police force whose duties are confined to
the works. It the operatives are refractory they
are discharged, unless there happen to be Rus
sians among them, and when they offend against
the discipline of the place, they are immediately
tied up to the triangles, soundly flogged and sent
to work again, and this practice is continued
mJwithstanding Messrs. Harrison and Eastwick
have strongly appealed against it.
When a man presents himself for employ
ment at this establishment, his name is not
asked, but he is presented with a medal, having
on it a number. In the pay house arc 3500
wooden boxes, and when the laborer presents
himself on Saturday night tor Ijis mor ey, it is
given to him, and the medal taken from him as
a receipt. This medal is dropped into the box
corresponding to its number, and a new medal
is given to the laborer as a pledge of employ
ment for another week.
It is interesting to hear of the operations ol
our own citizens in distant places. It seemed
almost like a wild adventure when the large es
tablishment of Messrs. Harrison and Eastwiek
in Philadelphia was broken up and
Russia, but we felt no fear ofthe ultimate success
of the enterpriziug gentlemen to whom the ad
venture was given in charge.
They had many obstacles to encounter, and
the work of ordering and disciplining the army
ot tnen necessary to be employed was of itself
no light or trivial matter. The preparation of
machinery necessary to carry on the work and
.Jndispaacitiln in iho mn.Ml.-m.a R>~ ee rtain
of the Locomotive, must have been a laborious
and anxious partol the undertaking, but a strong
determination, a perfect knowledge of the busi
ness, and the continuance and generous support
ofthe Autocrat Irave enabled theroto surmount
all obstacles, and move on in the steady regu
larity of a well ordered, supplied, and arranged
establishment.
First Manufacture of Sugar in Louisiana.
We are indebted to the courtesy of a friend for
a pamphlet copy of an Oration delivered before
the “ Agricultural and Mechanics’ Association
of Louisiana,” by Judge P. A. Rost, on the 12th
May last, from which we extract the following
interesting and humorous description of the first
"graining” of Sugar in Ldtiisiana:
“ There is a strong analogy between the cul
tivation of the vine in middle France, and that
of the cane in Louisiana. During lhe first cen
turies of the Christian era, there was no wine
produced in France, except Marseilles wine.
More Southern Europe and the Isles of Greece
were th rn the wine growing regions. In lhe
course of time, the monks of Aquitaine, of
Champaign, and of Burgundy, God bless them!
transplanted the vine to lhe shelter ot their con
vent walls. Their efforts wete lor a long time
unsuccessful, but they persevered, and the great
saints of those daik ages took a conspicuous
part in the good work. Al last their grapes at
tained maturity; they tasted the juice, and said
it was good. Wine was subsequently made of
it, and it is easy to conceive the joy of those
holy men, when champaign first sparkled on
their board, when the vintages of Medoc and
Burgundy replaced in their cellars the rough
beveragesof Provence. The cultivation of the
vine continued to increase and to improve, but
the increase was so slow that wine was not ex
ported from Bordeaux to foreign countries, till
some time in the twelfth century. And Low,
sir, the great wine region ot the world, is that
very pot lion of France, in which lhe introduc
tion of the vine was lhe work of centuries.
“ How is it with the sugarcane in Louisiana ?
It was introduced here at an early day from the
West indies, and cultivated to a small extent at
Terre aux Bceufs, and in the neighborhood of
New Orle ns. No body at first imagined that
gar could be made of it. The juice was
d into syrup, which sold at extravagant
l * In 1796, Mr. Bore, residinga few miles
Prices• Orleans, a man reputed forhisdflr-
above i e , DPr gy formed the desperate resolve
mg,anoni , 4r - j ocrease ,| his cultiva
of ma >ing g cesaa( .y an .j tna .
non, put up a 60 gar maker from the
WeVundies. Thedav fjr the experi-
1 ,•’ deration was under
"J inhabkan'sVf’N?- Orleans and of
lhe coast had assembled there in numbers.
But they remained outside ot lhe bmldmg at a
respectable distance from the sug- r m.it.ei,
whom thev looked upon as a sort of m.?<>«an.
The first strike came, and he said nothing ; mis
tl cy thought fatal, but still they remained fixed
•to the spot. The second strike was out; the
sugar maker carefully stirred the first, and then
advancing toward the assembled crowd, told
them witli all the gravity ot his cratt, “Gent e
men, it grains!” “It grains!” was repeated by
all They rushed in to see the wonder, and
when convinced ol the fact, scattered in all di
rections, greeting every body they met, with
“It grains!” And from the Balizeto the Du
buque, from the Wabash to lhe Yellow Stone,
the great, the all absorbing news ot the colony
was, that the juice of the cai.e had grained in
Lower Louisiana. It did grain, it has continued
to grain ; it has grained the last season, at the
rate of two hundred and fifteen millions of
pounds, and if no untoward action of
• 'em prevents it, in leu years it will grain to the
'' 'ent ot much more than double that quantity,
pl* >Bre therefore to meet loreigr. competition,
i A -vtt we can do so, as well as the wine grow
ers of .’rance, provided we improve the time
thatislet?> Bs . aßdwn ‘ alntroeto the Spirit 01
°"u ThA O inn «te faculty of opr people to subdue
the physical wot.’d, their energy and
ancejheir hab itua.’ disregatd ot discomfort <l'fa
culties and dangers, have made other nanaw
say ot us, that w.-i alot.e could instil heroism in
the common pursuits of hfe. With heroic de
termination then, speed she plough; bear in
mind that to go ahead without ever taking diffi
culties into the accownt, and that means to
succeed when others dare not undertake, is em
phatically the American System..
Correspondence of Ike Ptida. North American.
New’-York, Sept. 7—P- M.
Merchants are now congratulating themselves
upon the breaking upot a nest of swindlers who
have been obtaining m oney and goods under
false pretences, by answering to each ot.iers
characters. Some $60,00'0 had been recovered,
and great hopes of getting .much more.
The week closes withou’t much to mark it.
. Stocks have steadily improved, but close rather
I in favor ot buyers. In sotiw of the leading
staples an advance has been obtained. Cotton
i if full I cent firmer on all qualities, with a soon
amount of business.
WGUSTA, SEPTEMBER 18, 1845.
SATURDAY MORNING. SEPT. 13.
Who Opposes the Wart
Although the effort of the democratic organs
in Georgia, to fix upon the Whig press the
charge ol opposition to the Mexican war, has
proved a signa! failure, it may not be inappro
priate to submit lor the consideration of the peo
ple, a little more testimony to show how ground
less was the charge, when applied exclusively
to whigs, which we propose lodo by the follow
ing extract from the New York "Morning
News,” a leading Democratic paper in the city
of New York, edited 100 by Mr. O’Sullivan, re
cently one of the Editors ot the “ Democratic Re
view." That paper, in a recent article upon this
subject, after alluding to the disposition and
even anxiety manifested by a large portion
("•nine-tenths") of our people to engage in the
war, and to the declaration of some of its co
temporaries for "strong and energetic action,"
says:
“Be it so, if so it must. Be the sin and the
shame, be the crime and the disgrace—whatever of
either there may be—on the heads where they may
belong. We wash our hands of the blood, our
skirts of the stain. If such a war ishp come, we
shall sing no pceans to its heroes, no Te-Dewms for
ids victories; we shall covet none of its laurels.
Mexico has been hardly dealt with in the whole
business; dealt >-iih •* Bl Lt seems a noble and
powerful nation dealing with a mean and im
potent one.”
This, reader, is the language of one ot the
prominent democratic organs in New York, and
is a fair offset against similar extracts from the
“ Tribune,” a Whig paper, over which the de
mocratic papers of this State have made so
much parade; and as such we desirs you to con
sider it, for it fully sustains our position that,
at the North, leading men and papers of both
parties, (to say nothing of the common people,)
oppose the war with equal vehemence.
The Great Western.—The N. Y. Com
mercial Advertiser of Monday afternoon the Bth
inst. says:—TheGreal Western from Liverpool,
is now due at this port. The strong westerly
wind of yesterday will retard her progress. If
she sailed on the day advertised (the23dult.)
there were only four days allowed her from the
day of her arrival at Liverpool, to prepare for
sea. We understand she had as many passen
gers as she could comfortably accommodate.
A Large Beet.—John Harris, Esq., of War
ren county, has raised the present season a beet
which, after having been taken out of the ground
two weeks, weighed 20} pounds—circumference
22 inches, and 32 inches long.
Fremont’s Expedition.—A letter was re
ceived at Washington on Monday from Capt.
Fremont, (now on his third expedition,) dated
from Bent’s Fort, on the Aikansas, on the 2d of
August. The party were all perfectly well.
The letter was committed to an express, who
was to ride night and day to overtake Col. Kear
ney, who had left there four days previous to
their arrival. They expected to remain at the
fort some days, from which they would, at their
leisure, give a detailed account of their plans
and movements.
Ohio Methodist Episcopal Conference.—
The large body of ministers composing this
conference, convened at Cincinnati on Wednes
day morning last v Bishop Hamline is the pre
siding officer, and the Bev. J. M. Trimble was
elected Secretary. The various committees
were appointed, and reports referred to said
committees. On Thursday morning, Bishop
s-.uil.', n.h» i»44iat£jUs>Jtie.Methodist Episcopal
church South, was invited to take the chair.
The cortTerence was not willing to recognize
him as its presiding officer, and adopted a reso
lution by an almost unanimous vote, expressing
it as “ inexpedient and highly improper,” for
Bishops who have Separated themselves from
the jurisdiction of the Methodist Episcopal
Church to preside in any conferences composing
said church.
The receipts of the Buffalo and Niagara Falls
Railroad Company tor August, this year, have
been about thirty-three per cent greater than
those for the same month in 1844.
It is estimated that full 2,090,(XX) tons ot an
thracite coal will be sent to market from the
mines of Pennsylvania by the close of this sea
son. This will be an increase of 300,000 tons
over the shipments of last season, all ot which
will, without doubt, be required lor consumption.
The amount shipped from the various mines
this season to the 4th inst. was 1,358,867 tons,
nearly one-hall of which came over lhe Reading
Railroad.
Patrick Henry.—ln “Howe’s Historical
collections of Virginia,” a work recently pub
lished. end one ot no ordinary degree of inter
est for its many interesting reminiscences of
the early times and the distinguished ’men ol
the old Dominion, are related some very inter
esting incidents of the great Orator.
His opposition to the American Constitution
is well known, and as many of his declarations
in the Convention seem to have bgen imbued
with the spirit of prophecy, the following opin
ion of his is not without interest. st
“ He was opposed to the adoption ol tpe Fede
ral Constitution because he thought it osve too
much power to the General Government; and
in conversation with lhe father ol a late .venera
ble Senator from Prince Edward he remarked
with emphasis t ‘The President of the United
Stales will always come in atthehead of a party.
He will be supported in all his acts by a party.
You do not now think much of the patronage
of the President; but lhe day is coming when
it will be tremendous, and from this powerthe
country may sooner or later tall.’”
The following anecdote is given concerning
one ol his most important legal arguments:
“ In the British debt cause, ot which Wirt
gives a full account, Mr. Henry made great
preparation. He shut himself in his office for
three days, during which he did not see his
family; his food being handed by a servant
through the office door. The Countess of
Huntington, then in this country, was among
the auditors, and remarked, after hearing the
arguments of the several speakers, ‘that if every
one of them had spoken in Westminister Hall
thev would have been honored with a peerage.’
This case, says Wirt, was discussed with so
much learning, argument, and eloquence as to
have placed the bar of Virginia, in the estima
tion ot the Federal judges, (if the reports of the
day may be accredited,) above all others in the
United States. Mr. Henry on this occasion
had a diamond ring on his finger, and while he
was speaking the Countess exclaimed to the
Judge, (Iredell,) who had never before heard
him, ‘The diamond is blazing!’ gracious
God,’ replied he, ‘be is ap orator indeed.’ In
ab-js cause he injured his voice so that it never
its original power.”
Relic. —We have at our office, says
the Cincinnati Gazelle a pocket-book of curious
workmanship, which once belonged to Dr.
Franklin, and of which he made a present to
his friend Thomas Harvey; and the well au
thenticated history of which is traced to its pre
sent owner, Mr. James Wheelwright. It came
as an heir loom from Thomas Harvev, to his
lineal descendant, the late Mr. John Keating.
The year 1753 is stamped in strong legible
figures unon the inside leather.—The word
BOSTON is beautifullj’ embossed on each of
the outside covers, and the leather appears to
be of that endurable texture which would last
for another century In one of the folds we
found a sac simile of Dr. Franklin’s letter to Mr.
Strahan, the King’s Printer, ot which the fol
lowing is a copy:
Philadelphia, July sth, 1775.
Mr, Slrahan,—'lfoii are a Member of Parlia
ment. and one of that Majority which has
doomed myCountrv tn Destruction. You have
begun to burn our Towns and murder our peo
ple. Look upon your Hands! They are
stained with the Blo'od of your Relations! You
and I were long Friends:—You are now my
Enemy,—and I am Yours,
’’ B. FRANKLIN.
I A FtßSOCcuned in Philadelphia on Sunday
1 morning which destroyed property to the value
0f535,000. The parties were fully insured.
.' . </ the (i'h inst.
Later from Mexico.
The McsreSß® uonef YucaUco, Prats, mas
; ter, attired .a*"WTP <), t yesterday from Tampi
co, when on the 30tli of August.
By her wd a tile of El Gcjen, a
1 Tampicb 10 the 27th of August,
and a copy Diezy Nueve of the 19ih
ult. Irooi theaSi®tU4-—a week later than was re
ceived by the on the 31st ult. But to
the news.
jlet declared war, nor does
she appear in . anuer competent to do so.
The country ftgßhf by tissensions. Open re
volts have at jjßiipfn out in the army, and
on all Irandstiw inilitaiv chieftains
are qiiarrehihjflaffij|jlheinselves.
The last succeeded in the
formation of ,a®K/Wet,'which is composed as
follows:—StMgHMMjwent? Sr. D. Manuel
de la Penl^||JP^||j^Justice, Ecclesiastical
Affairs, *■?., St Mn>se Bernardo Couto;
Treasury Pedro F. del Castillo;
War antf’Pedro Marias-Anaya
We cannot mgKy fi>r their letters of ac
ceptance of offied,: tabued August 14th. They
were wvnderftrffrf about the foreign rela
tions ot the war with the United
The Siglo oflstates that a rumor had
prevailed for tMigfctysiu the capital of a mili
tary revolt ill ot the army under
Gen. Fittepltf-aKtarrch to Texas. With
”-i.it’.- the Siglo
■
"WWJsS t.dleeis of the van
guard oflnwtHvlshiC, wl.iie three leagues dis
tant from San Lui- P POsi. taking advantage ol
the momentary absence of Generals Filisola
and Gaona, assembled (en junta) and agreed
that they would not continue their march upon
Texas unless they should receive, besides their
lull pay, all the eqipuvnts, perquisites, and
provisions of an army ofeatnpaign. This res
olution they reduced to a tormal act. It was
reported further that Geneials Filisola and Pa
redes arrived just at the moment, and prevailed
upon the division to resume the march.
El Gejen ot the 27th ult. same rumors,
but states that it is likewise reported that the
disaffected portion of the army has incorporated
itself with the forces tinder Gen. Paredes; lhat
the latter refuses to obey the Government; that
the third division of the army, which is under
hiscommand,isdisposed tor a pronuncitimento,
and, it is even whispered, that the object of it
will be to proclaim a Consul. El Gejenismore
then half inclined to believe all this. There are
evedently some operations on foot hostile to the
Govern lhe precise object of which
has not yet transpired. A number ot the Siglo
which we have not seen has been received at
Tampico. It mentions the arrival in the city
of Mexico of commissioners from Paredes and
Filis >la.
The editor of the Siglo is excessively indig
nant that officers, who have lived at the expense
of the nation, should, when ordered to the fron
tiers, to defend the most sacred rights of the
country, impose conditions upon theii Govern
ment. It insists, with some spirit and a little
Mexican bluster, that they should be discharg
ed from the service.
The editor of the Siglo writes in the most
despairing tone of the internal condition of the
Republic, and nf the state of political morals at
the capital. Here, he says, criminals have no
shame, because crime has no punishment. Im
purity is the rule of the day; men enter upon
revolts as speculations in which little is risked
and much may be gained. Such is lhe tone of
his speculations, which we would translate had
we room, to show the complete moral disor
ganization ol society in Mexico—a prey to job
bers, speculators, military aspirants and adven
turers.
Lettershave been received at Tampico from
San Luis Potosi, which announce that a revo
lution is near at hand. There appears to be a
strong demand tor the re-establishment of the
Federal Constitution of 1824, and it this be not
granted by the Government, it is likely to be
carried by force. In the Departmental Assem
bly of Tamaulipas, a proposition To second the
initiative of Zacatecas (for the restoration of
this Constitnti jn) has already been intrtuluced.
Should we have arrivals, we are not likely to
wait many days for news of the results of the
various machinations of lhe revolutionists.
Our limits will not allow ais to enter into any
speculations upon tbis subject, suggested by the
papers before us, and at which we have had on.
ly time hastily to glance.
' The Lizantf & > tor. is again bineriy .
censured for its management of Mexican fiv ’
nances, but ihe controversv on this subject has
been carried on in London, and is not, of course,
new here.
Gen. Paredes has become involved in a vio
lent newspaper controversy with Sr. Boves, a
deputy whoso discomfitleii the late Ministry.
The President has expressed to the General his
enduringconfidence in bis fidelity and patriot
ism.
Gen Arista; too, is quarrelling through the
papers with Gen. Woll—defending himself and
accusing Woll of insubordination, &c. We
note the affair only to show how the military
leaders of Mexico are divided amongst them
selves.
On the 23d ult. the Mexican steamer Guade
lupe was expected at Tampico, with from 890
to 1000 tents for the troops of the Army of the
North.
There were no American vessels at Tampico
when the Yucaleco sailed, nor does the captain
bring any important verbal news. Rumors,
however, abound,for which we have not room.
Advices to lhe 11th ot August have been re
ceived at Mexico from Guatemala. An effort
is making to re establish the bonds ot federation
between lhe States of San Salvador, Guatemala
and Honduras. For this purpose the two for
mer States have appointed Commissioners to
meet at Zonzonate, to deliberate upon condi
tions. Guatemala has also named a Commis
sioner to ratify a treaty of peace with Honduras,
and another of commerce with San Salvador.
The Constituent Congress of Guatemala has
also passed two decrees, one introducing some
very strict measures ofeconomy, and regulating
the order in which the public creditors shall be
paid; the other, providing (hat the products of
Mexico introduced into that State should pay
the same duties as it they proceeded from any
other foreign country.
Mom the Baltimore American.
Very Late from Brazil and the River
Plate.
The U.S. ship St. Louis, Captain McKeever
arrived in Hampton Roads on Monday, in the
remarkably short run of 29f days from Rio de
Janeiro. The editors of the American are in
debted to a commercial triend for the annexed
letter dated, j
/’te “ Rio de Janeiro, Aug. 8,1845.
J \of the 26:h July from Buenos Ayres
sti Rosas has rejected all the propositions
ot glish and French ministers, and that
they ten Buenos Ayres on the 24th for Monte
video.
With the English, French and Montevideans
in front, and Generals Paz and Lopes with their
armies in his rear, 1 think Rosas is near his
political end.
The following additional intelligence is given
in >he Patriot:
The day before the departure of the St. Louis,
advices had reached Rio of the entire failure of
the attempted intervention on lhe part of Eng
land an 1 France, in tie affairs of the River
Plate. It was said, that on the rejection by
Gen. Rosas, of the ultimatum sent in, the Eng
lish and French Ministers would retire to Mon
tevideo. In the meantime, the Naval forces of
the " allied'' Powers had taken possession of
the Buenos Ayrean Squadron off Montevideo,
and Gen. Oribe, commanding lhe tiesieging
army ot Gen. Rosas, had received notice to re
tire from the Banda Oriental.
Great excitement prevailed in Buenos Ayres,
and it was supposed England and France would
be brought into open collision with the Argen
tine Republic. During the negotiations at
Buenos Ayres, the American Charge, Mr.
Brent, had offered his mediation. The offer
was accepted by Gen. Rosas, but declined by
the English and French Ministers, on the
ground that the Charge was not instructed, or
authorized by his Government.
Correspondence of the Baltimore Patriot.
New-York, Monday, P. M.
The Great Western has not yet been tele
graphed, and I have no doubt she did not sail
until the 25th ult., consequently will not be due
until to-morrow night.
The cotton market remains firm, with sales of
GOO bales. Flour is steady bir rather dull—
prices have not undergone any alteration Gene
see is offered at $4.75, Ohio $4.68} a 4.75.
Whiskey is rather dull at 25} cents. Groceries
remain firm but the transactions to-day have
been limited. There has been a good deal of
excitement in the provision market to-day, as
some of the inspec’ors’yards have been found
to run short; and receivers who have deposited
their stock there are busy issuing bonds ot re
plevin for the recovery of the same. The de
faulting inspectors are all locofocos.
Correspondence of the Phila. North American.
New York, Sept. B—e. M.
The books of the Erie Railroad stock were
opened this morning, and now present a sight
that promises well for the completion of the road
but it is not at all creditable to New York
public spirit. A lew large sums are down,
but the balance is made up of the mean sums of
SSOO a SIOOO, and that too by men who sell
from 200 to 3500,000 worth of goods per year.
The same amount ot business in Boston would
have taken the whole sum; as it is 81,900,000
have been taken.
MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 15.
Whig Nominations.
The Convention of Delegates who met on
Saturday at the City Hall, nominated C. J.
Jenkins and William J. Rhodes as the Whig
candidates to represent Richmond county in the
Representative branch of the next Legislature-
The Whig Address.
The address to the Whig party, by a commit
tee of gentlemen appointed at the late Whig
Convention, is, as a matter of course, the sub
ject of democratic criticism, we should say, ol
democratic cavil. That it would please our
opponents, or rather that portion ot them, who
assumes to themselves the office of judging and
thinking for the balance, no one expected. We
are therefore (says the Macon Messenger) not
al all surprised at the wholesale abuse which
these critics have expended upon this docu
ment. The style and matter are both excep
tionable to them, for it treats, in a plain, unpre
tending manner, ot our home affairs. Being
an address “to the people us Georgia,” and not
to the people ot the United States, it treats o!
such matters as are particularly interesting to
Georgians. We are > n'<hc of a
tion—we have a Governor and members of the
Legislature to elect, and not a President and
Consress-men. Slate politics, therefore, and
not Federal politics, constitute the subject ot
this address. The people are ealled upon to
cast their suffrages for State officers, and it is
both right and proper, that they should be in
formed ol the principles and policy of those who
are-to conduct our State Government. Long
disquisitions upon national measures, such as
the Tariff, the Bank, Texas, &c. <fcc., would
neither instruct nor profit. Upon these topics,
which never will wear out, lhe people expect
to be edified every two years, when they are
called upon to vote lor Congressmen; but now
in a State election, they look for something else.
When asked to vote for a Governor, they wan;
to know what is his capacity, what are his
qualifications for the particular office of Go
vernor, and what will be the principal measures
ot his administration. All this the committee
have done, in the address which they have had
published. They have pesented to the people
the principles and policy on which Gov. Craw
ford relies to conduct the State Government.
These principles have been disclosed in his first
administration, and will be preserved in the
event of his re-election. They are of vital im
portance, and of primary interest to every citi
zen ot Georgia. They may be briefly enumei
ated as follows:
The annual reduction, and final payment ol
the public debt of Georgia, at the earliest prac
ticable period.
A State currency, at all times convertible
into specie.
The obligation upon the State Treasury to
discharge its liabilities in convertible specie
funds; and upon the State to prevent the de
preciation of Central Bank bills below par
value.
The observance ol a strict and rigid economy
in the expendituresof lhe Government.
A reduction of Taxes to the wants of Go
vernment, economically administered.
The Penitentiary a source of revenue, instead
of expense.
These are the cardinal principles, and the po
licy which have distinguished the successful
and prosperous administration of Gov. Craw
ford. No one but the captious and restless po
litician can find fault with them. The people,
thcluid fisted yeomanry of the country, the men
who make their living inth. ■ ■■ mi l etiffTTSrow,
and wbo are most interested in a laithtul and
economical administration of the Government,
are satisfied with these principles. They are
satisfied too with Crawford, because he has done
all he promised to do, and they have no fault to
find with him. To this class of citizens, who
compose the hard working and tax paying por
tion of the community, interest and prudence
and justice suggest the maxim, to let well alone,
rather than resort to wild schemes and idle ex
periments—to hold fast to a tried and faithful
public servant, rather than take one unknown
and untried.
Th'is feeling of contentment and satisfaction
that is pervading the entire State, is a source ot
trouble and alarm to the leaders of the Demo
cratic parly. Stump speaking is not the order
of the day, but the press is in full blast. Every
effort is being made to rouse the people from
theirquiet and contented mood, to convince them
that they are ruined and ground to the dust by
Whig oppression. These clamorous sentinels
on the watch towers, are shouting and bawling
at the extent of their lungs to organize, organize.
The effort is in vain—their cries, earnest and
vociferous as they are, are known to be false
alarms. ___
Laughable.—Prentice, of th Louisville Jour
nal, indulges his humor at the expense of Brough,
the editor of the "Cincinnati Enquirer.”—
Brough, it seems, having become interested in
astronomy, desired to take an observation of
the moon through the new telescope at the Ob
servatory, which is said to be a very splendid
Instrument. Prentice tells the story thus:
He took his seat and began his astronomical
observations. There were several gentlemen
standing near him, who were greatly edified by
the running commentary he kept up on what he
saw. He recoiled from lhe telescope after he
had looked into it a moment, and swore be saw
the ugliest thing ever made. Again he looked
and said : “ I see something that looks like a
man—no, it’s more like a baboon dressed up in
human clothes. Jehu! what an ugly mouth; it
looks as if it had fed on nothing but green per
simmons and horse tadish for a month. Its eye
lids keep falling down as if it was afraid to look
an honest man in faee. One eye squints ajb
lhe other jumps about like a pea on a hot show®!
The critter’s bumps are awful, the lying buftp
sticks out like a wen, and the stealing bump is
so big that he’d make a mighty bad customer
for a bank. I’ll swear that if that is the man in
the moon I’m looking at, the old fellow had bet
ter wear a mask. Mr. Mitchell,” continued
Brough, taking his eye from the telescope, “is
the fellow the. man in the moon ?” As Brough
very innocently put his interrogation to the pro
fessor, lhe whole company, which had been con
vulsed with laughter while listening to the edi
tor’s brilliant astronomical remarks, roared
aloud. Forfive minutes there stood Brough,
looking as vacant as an apple dumpling at the
uproarious customers, wondering what had got
into the fellows. At length, one of the compa
ny having become sufficiently composed, said,
“ Why, Brongh, you're hoaxed.”
“ Hoaxed!” repeated Brough, looking as flat
as one of his own editorials.
‘•Yes, hoaxed,” replied the astronomer.
“ You have been looking at yourself.”
And this was true, for some wag had slipped
a looking glass into the tube, and poor Brough,
instead of describing the man in the moon, had
given a pretty faithful description of his own ap
pearance. He pulled his hat down over his
ugly eyes, rammed his fists into the depth of his
breeches pockets, and hanging his head in his
usual way, left the observatory, muttering
curses against astronomers, telescopes, and the
man in the moon.
Correspondence of lhe Baltimore Patriot.
Philadelphia, Sept. 9. A. M.
The young man who committed a forgery on
the Pennsylvania Bank, and also robbery, for
which he was committed to prison by Mayor
McCall on Saturday merning, died in his cell
on Sunday afternoon, about 1 o’clock. He had
spoken but little during his incarceration and
refused to give his name or place of residence,
but from some marks on his clothing it was
thought that he belonged to a respectable family
in the city of New York.
During an altercation between a man and
his'wife. yesterday morning, at a house in Apple
street, the woman, in a fit of ungovernable pas
sion, (threw her infant, eleven months old, out of
the second story window. Fortunately none of
its bones were broken.
Zinc, by being melted and poured into
water, has been found to assume new properties
—it becomes soft and malleable, losing none of
its tenacity, but is capable of being spun into
the finest wire, pressed into any required form,
or rolled into any required thinness. This is a
discovery by Prof. Faraday, and will prove of
very great importance.
LATEST FROM ENGLAND.
Arrival of thf
STEAMSHIP GREAT WESTERN.
Four Days Later from Europe.
Slate of the Colton Market—Affairs in India—
Terrible Riots in Germany—The Crops in
England.
The Great Western arrived at New York on
Tuesday evening. She sailed trom Liverpool
on the 23d ult., and experienced constant and
heavy westerly gales. This satisfactorily ac
counts for lhe length of her passage.
One hundred and forty-five passengers have
come out in her—a larger number than ever be
fore came in an ocean steamer.
Among the passengers in the Western, are
the Hon. D. Jenifer, late U. S. Minister to
Austria; Hon. W. Boulware, late U. S. Minis
ter to Naples; and the Hop. C. Hughes, late U.
S. Minister to lhe Hague.
There appears to be no particular change in
the cotton market.
There is no news ot importance from Ireland.
Affairs in France are apparently quiet.
There has been a very serious religious riot
in Leipsic. .
Advices from Switzerland state that affairs in
that unhappy country are now near a crisis. It
will be hastened byxhe dispersion of the Diet.
There is nothing of importance from Spain.
There are, however, plenty of rumors ot changes
in the Cabinet, Ac.
We find one fact in the Spanish news worth a
thought. The Spanish government has com
menced the restitution to the clergy of the una
lienated property of the church, and has even
included in this head property which has been
really sold, but on which the payments have not
been made. This is done with a view to con
ciliate the Pope.
Railway accidents in England have become
what steamboat explosions in the United States
have long been—too general.
The Roscius, Hottinguer, and Siddons had
arrived out.
Queen Victoria’s rambles on the continent
continue.
The demand for Canadian com was active, in
consequence of the unsettled stateofthe weather.
The overland mail arrived on the 21st ult,
the commercial accounts by which possess no
striking feature, and may, upon the whole, be
considered lavorable. Exchange was brisk,
and freights for England had improved. The
cholera was sweeping over Western India, and
hurrying its victims to their last account. At
Lahore the moitality was dreadful—bordering
on 30,000! From China there is nothing new.
Some dissatisfaction has been expressed by
the holders of Pennsylvania stock, that faith
has not been quite kept with them in the matter
of their bonds, lhe payment of the interest,
they gratifyingly acknowledge, has been re
sumed, and provision has been made for-the
payment of the arrears, but the certificates of
the new stock bear interest at the rate of 44,
whereas the former where at the rate of 5 and 6
per cent.
It appears certain, says the National, lhat
Louis Phillipe has several times advised .Vide.
Munoz, (Queen Maria Christina) to return to
France. It is also very positively stated, that
steps have teen very actively and perseveringly
taken to ensure a marriage between the Duke
de Montpensier and the Infanta Donna Louisa
Fernanda.
Her Majesty's Visit to Germany.—Maynence,
Aug. 18.—The Queen and Prince Albert have
departed en mute for Coburg. The Queen and
Prince travel in a close carriage and tour, one
postilion, German fashion, riding one of the
wheelers, and bumping most ungracefully
along, a jolting mass if boots, and blue and
yellow jackets. It is known that her Majesty
loves fast travelling, but I tear that German
horses will try her patience sadly. Two ba
rouches, containing the members of her suite,
and a luggage van, followed the royal carriage,
which was escorted by a small but smart party
of Prussian Lancers. The day is lovely—a
finer never shone on the band of the Rhine.
The English Harvest.— Whatever may be
the result of the present harvest, it is, we be
lieve, unquestionable, that so tar as human ex
ertionscan go, much more has been done in the
'than was ever done before. We are not with
out « rong hope that even yet a fair crop will
be obtained ibis season, certainly inferior in
quality to that of last year, but probably con
siderably more in quantity. This we say,
though we suspect that most of the accounts
from the country which tell us that as yet no
damage has been done, are more flattering than
true. Some districts have indeed been wonder
fully fortunate compared with others, but we
rather think it must be admitted that in all more
or less damage has been done to the grain crops.
On the other hand, it should be observed that
the crops were heavier on the ground at the end
ot July than they were almost ever known to
be before, and if four-fifths of lhe corn should
come to maturity, and be safely harvested, the
crop will still be an average one. It is also to
be observed that while last year was almost a
failure in respeetto green crops and roots, this
year promises the greatest abundance in that
description ol farming. Last year the difficul
ty was to find food lor catlie; this year it is to
find slock to eat the food. Upon the whole,
notwiihstanding the scarcity of sunshine this
year, and the abundance of wet, we may hope
that, taking all things together, there will be a
fair average of general produce; and though
the toil and anxiety of the farmer will be great,
the ultimate results will be belter than they
sometimes are in seasons which lead to very
low prices.— London Paper, Aug. 22.
The Iron Trade.— ln 1749 the quantity of pig
iron produced in England was only 17,000 tons,
from 59 furnaces; in 1750, it had increased to
22,000 tons; in 1788, the amount was 68,000
tons and 121 furnaces; inflßo6, the number ot
furnaces had increased to IG9, producing 250,-
000 tons, and in 1820, the amount of pig iron in
England was4oo,ooo tons, while, last year, lhe
total produce of pig iron couid not have been
less than 800,000 tons, which has considerably
increased in proportion in the first six months of
the present year.
Russia and the Circassians.— We learn from
Constantinople of the 30th ult., that intelligence
had been received there from the Caucasus, an
nouncing that the Russians had undertaken a
new campaign in the interior of Daghestan.
After a vigorous resistance at lhe entrance of a
defile, the mountaineers withdrew to the inte
rior, and the Russians seized on the defile.
Considerable loss was sustained on both sides.
There have been insurrections in the part of
Circassia which is under subjection, and near
Anapa a Russian division was obliged to retreat.
zvnapa a Russian atvision wasoutigeu io retreat.
Ireland.
A public meeting was held in the Mansion
House, Dublin, on Tuesday last, the Arch
bishop of Dublin in the chair, to organize a
subscription for the relief of the sufferers at
Quebec.
Ata meeting held at Armagh, tor the pur
pose of recommending that place as the site of
the colleg* for Ulster, the Right Rev. Dr. Crol
ly, R. C. Primate, spoke of the bill as having
been amended by government on the recom
mendation of the Roman Catholic prelates in
a manner “ calculated to afford general satisfac
tion,” and declared his willingness to give the
system a fair trial.
An Irish Roman Catholic priest has project
ed, with the favor of the Mexican government,
the establishment of an Irish colony on the bay
of San Francisco, California.
France.
Paris and its vicinity were visited on Tues
day by a tremendous hurricane, whichbrokeor
tore up by the roots trees of large dimensions,
and did other extensive damage. The wind
wasstillhigh on the 21st ult., but the weather
was fine.
Accounts from Rouen state that a large facto
ry was bio.'. n down by the hurricane of Tues
day, two hundred persons were said to have
been killed and wounded.
India.
The Overland Mail arrived in London on
the 20lh inst.
The cholera had re-appeared at almost every
station in Western India, and had committed
most frightful ravageson the native inhabitants
although the number ot its European victims
had been comparatively small. In lhe Punjaub
it had made sad havoc, carrying off at Lahore
from 500 to 690 daily. Al Lahore from 20,000
to 30,000 had fallen victim- to it. The rebel
lion ot Peshara Singh was becoming every day
more formidable. The great body of the royaj
troops has, it is said, refused to take up arms
against him.
Germany.
Serious Religious Riots at Leipsic.— Accounts
from Germany give a deplorable account of the
state of Saxony and other parts of Germany, in
consequence of lhe religious excitement which
prevails in that country, and which isevery day
increasing. On the 12 hos August a very se
rious riot broke out at Leipsic, and, according
to the latest accounts, that city was still in a
state of lhe greatest excitement. On that day
Prince Johnot Saxony, thegen-ral incommand
of the Communial Guards, arrived at Leipsic to
review the Guards. An immense crowd of the
inhabitants assembled on the occasion, who re
ceived lhe Prince ou his artival on the ground
with shouts, hooting, and cries ot “Viva Ronge,”
I “Viva Robert Blum,” and “Down with the
Jesuits."
J lie German Universal Gazette has the fol-
lowing from Leipsic, dated the Isth:— ’• Yester
day, at five o’clock, another meeting of burges
ses and students took place. The reports ol the
events of the 12lh and 13th were first read. The
article of the semi-official Leipsic Gazette pro
duced a treat sensation, and it was resolved to
protest against thetissueol falsehoods; but the
definitive resolution was adjourned to Saturday.
M. Blum directed the attention of the meeting
to what he regarded as the most essential point,
viz: the interment of ihe victims. Deputations
were sent to the municipal authorities, to ask
for the town colors; tothestaffof the communial
guards, inviting it to attend the ceremony; to
the military staff, to remonstrate on the con
ductor the troops during the day, and to ask
them to confine them to their barracks the next
day; and to the railroad terminus, to receive
the deputations returning from Dresden with
the King's answer.
The meeting next made a collection to defray
the necessary expenses. The sitting was sus
pended for an hour. The measures of the com
mittee received the general approbation. The
families of the victims determined to have but
one funeral ceremony lor all, with the exception
ot M. Mortmann, ot whose body an autopsy
was to be made, in consequence of his family
having lodged an action for his death. The de
putation trom Dresden entered the hall at half
past nine. It was supposed lhat the cortege
would muster 20,000 men. The committee lul
filied their mission Every thing
Fletcher Platz wns crowded with persons as
sembled to take part in the funeral ceremony.
The procession began to move at seven. It
consisted of the command horse guards; a bat
talion ofthe communal foot guards; the stu
dents in sections-the band ot the 4th battalion;
the flag ofthe University; th-commtitee; the
armorer’s company; another band ; the various
deputations ot the trades; an immense train of
burgesses and students, with flags and a de
tachment ot the communal guards. The cor
tege proceeded along in the greatest silence, ex
cept in passing the chateau, where cries and
threats were uttered. Some disturbance had
been feared here, but nothing took place. In
the cemetery, the coffins were placed side by
side in the same grave, and speeches were de
livered over them. The crowd withdrew in the
utmost order.”
Another letter of the same date savs—lhe de
putation ol the Municipal Council and the
delegates ot the city have returned from Dres
den. The King, who received them at noon,
was affected to tears. His Majesty said that
this event was one ofthe most cruel trials of
his life, and that he was the more grieved that
such an event should have occurred in Saxony,
and particularly in Leipsic, as he and hisfamily
had always put up the most ardent prayers for
the good of the country, without violating their
duty. His Majesty added, that he was the
more hurt as the address ot the Municipal
Council contained passages which seemed to
indicate distrust.
London Motley Market.
Wilmer & Smith say the fluctuations between
fine and rainy weather which have prevailed
during this week have affected the price of
stocks; in fact, every movement of trade and
commerce just now depends on the weather.
The last forty-eight hours having been deci
dedly good weather for harvest, the price ot
Consols has slightly advanced, and closes—
Consols for Money and the Account left off 99
to J; Three per cents reduced 99} to |
Cotton Market.
From Willmer <f- Smith’s European Times,
Liverpool, Angust 22.
Cotten.—Throughout the greater part of thia
week the market has been dull,jmd rather lower
priceshave been taken; but yesterday and to-day
there has been more business dcing, and better
rates have been obtained, but still it la difficult to
sell at last weeks prices, although we cannot
make any change in the quotations. Brazils are
dull of sale, but without change. Egyptians are
a point lower; a sale has been made to-day of
1001 bales nt 6}d. In Surats there has been
a pretty good business doing at steady prices.
4500 American, 1500 Egyptian, and 350 Surat,
have been taken on speculation: and 3000 Ame
rican and 150 Surat forexport. The sales of the
week amount to32.o4obales.
Another Report.
The demand has become more limited, and
most descriptions were rather less saleable; hold
ers, however, have been tolerably firm, and the
market has closed with rather more steadiness
thnn In the earlv part of the week. Speculators
have taken 4550 American, 1 800 Egyptians and
K'urat'/"The sales of the week are J2,o'ft"l>a , lee
Democratic Logic.
As a specimen of the deductive mode of rea
soning adopted by some of the conductors of the
Democratic press, (if it were our habit, says
the Macon Messenger, to indulge in epithets, we
perhaps might say, theHlpient conductors of the
press,) is sometimes in substance as the follow
ing: Mr. Berrien during lhe Presidential can
vaSs, made divers speeches in different North
ern cities, in favor ot the Whig side. Governor
Crawford is on the same side of politics with
Mr. Berrien, and as Mr. Berrien was once in
company with Cassius M, Clay, and tnusthave
been polluted by the contact, Gov. Crawford
must necessarily have partaken of the Infection,
as a consequence of such an association, he is
not lhe fit inan for Governor. Il this is good
logic we may use it mntatis mutandis, to answer
our purpose.
M. Hall McAllister, was during the whole
of the same summer making speeches at the
North. He disdained to stump it among the
people of his own State. On oneot these occa
sions, he was in the city of New York, on the
same platform with the abolitionist, George
Bancroft, who advocated annexation, because,
he said, it would be lhe means of abolishing
slavery. Mr. McAllister never opened his
mouth against this sentiment, nor said one word
in favor of Southern slave-holders.
It is very probable that Mr. McAllister in his
itinerating tour, visited “Federal Massachu
setts.” If so, he was the cheek by jowl associ
ate of Marcus Morton, the leading Democrat in
Massachusetts, and Mr. Polk’s Collector ot th*
city of Boston, whose opinions on the peculiar
institutions of the South, may be inferred from
the following extracts:
“ I deem slavery to be the greatest curse, and
the most portentous evil which a righteous God
ever inflicted upon a nation."
“ That Congress has the control ot lhe whole
subject (slavery in the District of Columbia,) I
entertain no doubt.”
“In relation to lhe admission of new States,
with the power to hold slaves, I need no more
than refer to my recorded votes against the ad
mhsion ot Missouri with this power.”
And Buncnn, the notorious Duncan, the file
leader of the Democrats in Ohio, delivered him
self in the following strain:
“There is no man living, perhaps, more dead
ly hostile to slavery than 1 am.”
Such were the sentiments avowed and utter
ed by Mr. McAllister’s compagnons du. voyage,
while they were itinerating together the North
ern States in the Presidential campaign of 1844.
Now according to democratic logic, and lhe
good old rule, that a man is known by the cimpa
ny he keeps, we can safely arrive to the conclu
sion, that from his associates, Mr. McAllister
is not the fit man for the office of Governor of
Georgia. But our conclusions are not merely
inferential. We have his own avowed and pub
lished declarations to go upon. Mr. McAl
lister, when he was no candidate and honest
ly spoke the sentiments ol his heart, charged
a large portion of the people ot Georgia
with the nefarious and abominable design
of interfering, at some future time, with
our rights, meaning our rights of slavery. He
declared, that in a few years, in lhe whealgrow
ing region of lhe State, “a peculiar species of
labor may and will be entirely dispensed with.”
He denied to the portion of our citizens in that
region of lhe State, any sympathy in common
with us. Should “our rights” be invaded, be
declared, that they were noi lhe people to whom
we were to look for protection. " What then
Will become of our rights, left to tnr supreme
sovereignly of a majority of the people of the State.”
This was lhe exclamation made by M. H. Mc-
Allister, on the 4th of July, 1843. Thlsxt'jmrMe
majority of the State whom he then libelled as
not trust worthy, ns unsafe drfenders of our rights,
he is now, with honied words and bland smiles,
soliciting for their suffrages ! We shall soon
seehow he succeeds with his blarney.
The U.S. ship S'. Louis. Capt. McKeever,
has arrived at Norfolk in a remarkably short
passage from Ric Janeiio.
Letters received by her report that Mr. A. H.
Everett, who went out in the U.S. ship Ci lum
bus on his way to China, wasexpecled to return
f from Rio to the United States in consequence of
• ill-health.— Nat. Intel.
VOL. IX.—NO. 38.
Gov. Crawford-« The state Debt—The
State Road.
“Grain-grower” again speaks through the
columns of the Marietta “ Hrliam,” to the
people of Western Georgia. He faithfully
portrays the course of Governor Crawforb
in relation to the State Road, and accounts for
the increase of the State debt, in the following
communication. Although he addresses him
self more particularly to the citizens of the
Cherokee counties, who are so deeply interest
ed in this great work, his communication is not
the less interesting to the voters ot every section
of the State, for he speaks in the language of
soberness and truth. Hear him
Mr. Editor: A ready writer and statement
maker signing himselt “Piney Woods,” says
that the public debt has increased under GdV.
Crawford’s administration, SIIO,OOO. The Re
port of the Finance Committee (made by Dr.
Geo. D. Philips, Jas. A. Meriwether and A. H.
Kenan,) states that the actual increase ot the
public debt Is $43,000. Whichaver amount
stated be correct (farther than the question of
veracity between the individual and the corn
mittee is concerned,) is not important to my pre
sent purpose. Indeed, if it were not for a fteti
tious importance given to the ready statements
To show how the public debt has increased
(not the amount of its increase,) is the object in
view. Todothis.it is not now necessary t»
go back farther than 1841, or to discuss lhe po
licy. whether the great scheme of the Western
and Atlantic Railroad has been or will proven
benefit to Georgia. The policy of throwing
away three millions oldollars already invested
by expenditure on lhe Road—ot wasting three
millions of dollars by an abandonment of the
work, or by selling the Road for a sons, when
a comparatively trifling expenditure would
complete the magnificent design of uniting, in
no ‘ unnatural embrace,’ our sea board with the
grain growing mountains and vallies <f the great
West— these are the true questions involved in
the policy now to be decided on.
Avery large majority ot the tax-payers »f
Georgia were becoming very justly alarmed
at the heavy appropriation ot 1838 of $1,500,-
000, and the great Rail Road undertaking was
rapidly growing into disfavor among the people.
The great numberot the leaders of the Demo
cratic party, ever, watchful to take advantage of
the passtons and prejudices ot the mass, in 1841
seized upon the then state ot public opinion,
and the wily demagogues raised the cries of
■down with the Railroad—sell it—let it rot
but no more taxes on the dear people.’ Cir.
cumstances justify the suspicion that these
alarms were intended to operate as a cloud ot
dust, through which those gentlemen might se
cure a sly retreat from the dilemma in which
their Central Bank policy had placed them.
In 1841, the Legislature suspended operations
on said Railroad from a point near the Etowah
river to its northwestern terminus.
In 1843, the Democrats again had a very
large majority in the Legislature. The Whigs
with Gov. Crawford at their head, endeavored
to repeal the act of 1841. The majority, on the
other hand, seemed resolved on the destructioa
of the Road. They attempted to sell it at pub
lic auction; and but for the eloquent and patri
otic appeals of Gov. Crawford, which called
forth the congratulations and plaudits of some
ot the most prominent among his political op
ponents, this disgraceful measure would have
been consummated. If the friends of the State
Road failed in 1842 in their efforts to procure
ihe repeal of the act ot 1841, they at least suc
ceeded in preventing its farther destruction.
In 1843, nothing contributed more to lhe elec*
tion ot Gov. Crawford to the Chief Magistracy,
than his manly and generous defence ofthe in
terests of the grain-growers, it has not been
unfrequently remarked, during the present can
vass, that it is true Gov. Crawford was elected
by the votes of the grain-growers in 1843—but
now they have no farther use lor him, To be
sure, he has taken care of their interests as they
are identified with the interests ol the State;
that he has completed 80 miles of the Road du
ring his administration ; that the people of thia
region can now carry lheir produce a distance
of 250 miles, at a cost of 16 bushel;
—to be sure, all this is true, bot Crov. Crawford
has done all he can forthem—hecan do no more
fhp RnilrnjiH mini* n<x fnr ns lhi» npnnlfl
—tne nauroaa nas gone as tar as me people
and Oregon, and talked—l with Crawford!' Let
the grain-growers meet these insinuations with
a smile of indignation and scorn, and record
their answer in the n allot box.
On lhe 22d of November, 1843, Gov. Craw
ford communicated to the Legis'atute a state
ment of lhe condition and affairs of the Westera
and Atlantic Railroad. The aggregate expen.
ditttreson the Road upto that time, amounted
to about three millions of dollars, and a balanee
of unexpended appropriations amounting ta
3270,000 still remained, for which Slate Bonds
were to be issued. This issue of Slate Bonds,
for the purpose of completing lhe Boad to its
present terminus, accounts for lhe trifling in
crease of the public debt. But it will also here
be remarked, that if Gov. Crawford had paid no
more of the public debt to Reid, Irving &. Co.,
than Gov. McDonald paid, there would have
been no increase at all. Gov. Crawford has paid
in that quarter sloo,ooo—Gov. McDonald paid
none at all. The increase of lhe public dent l«
313,000, and lhe increase is thus accounted for.
I will make the following extract from the
communication of Gov. Crawford above refer
red to, and proceed: He said,
" Relying on the statement ot the Chief En
gineer, I am ol opinion that, in addition to ex
isting appropriations, thesum of $500,000 will
finish the road with all necessary equipment*
as to locomotive power and cars.
“ The time when the road shall be completed,
should depend on the movements of the two rail
roads which are now tending towards the South
eastern terminus ol the State road. It was not
the purpose ot the State to begin andend a rad
road in a forest, but that her policy was to make
this work as the last connecting link in that
chain of internal improvements which were to
extend from the mountains to the sea-board. The
action of those managing these roads, should re
gulate that of lhe Slate, in respeet to time, when
its road should be finished, in lhe meantime it
is respectfully submitted to your consideratioa,
whether lhe safest course to be pursued will not
be to progress gradually in the completion of the
road, with the existing appropriation, and when
the same can be economically expended, and
apply such motive power as may be adapted to
its wants.”
The Whig Legislature ot 1843 took up and
reported upon this communication of Gov. C»
They repealed the act of 1811, which suspended
operations on the road, and authorised the Go
vernor to proceed with the existing appropria
tions when the same can be economically ex
pended. He has faithfully and cheerfully exe
cuted hfs authoiity. Whether he has executed
it economically or not, permit me to introduce
the evidence of a political opponent. Not lone
since some ot the Democratic presses charged
Governor Crawford with a want of strict eco
nomy in carrying 00 the work of the road. Ih
mediately on seeing the charge, a magnanimous
and distinguished democrat, under the signature
of " A Democrat,” came out in the Cassville
‘ Pioneer” anh admonished his party to make na
false charges aguinsl Gov. C. or misrepresenta
tions of what was well known to be a faithful
discharge of official duty. 1 will also refer ta
Mr. Garnett’s detailed expose of contracts, by
which it will appear that these have been wiada
with decided advantage to the State, ever
other Railroad in this country. Add the I)cB>.
cratic and Whig evidence together, aad the pub
lic will be satisfied on this point.
Dr. Fort, of the "Federal Unios,” has rw.
cently written some able articles in his paper,
earnestly urging the completion of the State
road:—But he has also re-published articles ia
his paper which contained denunciatio's against
Gov. Crawford fur increasing the public debt.
This inconsistency cannot be overlooked.
We have now seen lhe Democratic policy o»
the Legislature of 1841 and 1842, and thspolisy
ol the Whig Legislature of 1843, in connectioa
with the great State work—n work which is is
give Georgia s prominent position among the
greatest States in the Union. We have marked
Governor Crawfoid's distinguished efforts ia
behalf of the Road. We have seen that the
people's money tothe amount of three millions
ot dollars had already been expended on the
work, and that a trifling additional expenditure
would complete the great design, when its oppo
nents attempted its annihilation. They have
been prevented, and the present prosperity as
well as the dignuv and future greatness of the
State have been rescued from the handyof dema
gogtias—and we have marked by whom all this
has teen achieved.
What would the Cherokee country be with
out a rnatkei for its grain) Let the elorlous
cause of progressive wealth, civilization and
happiness, answer
Fracas in Court.—A fracas took place in
the Circuit Court room, at Hn tson between A.
L Jordan, and John Van Buren, Esq’., State
Attorney, while conducting a cause. Some
strong language ensued between the parties,
■rhen Mr. Jordsn called Mr. Van Buren “a
liar," upon which the latter former
in the lace. Three or four occuried,
and the affair was put an end to by Judge Ed
monds committing both parties for contempt ot
Court, for twrnty-lour hours. The parties
wished to be released on payment ot a fine, but
thepourt refused the application.— -N, V. Com.
Adv.