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OLD SERIES, VOL. LIX.
THE CHRONICLE* SENTINEL
la PVtUEHSD BAtI.V, T»t-WKRKIV, AND WEEKLY
RY J. W. <fc W. S. JONES.
The Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel
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Cash S vstkm.—ln no case w ill an order for the
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for which any subscription may be paid, expires
before the receipt of funds to renew the subscrip
tion. the paper willhedlscontinued. Deprpt ialed
money received at its value in this city.
FRIDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 24.
Distressing Rail Road Accident.--We
that a most distressing acci-
’
ton, had both legs broken and horribly man
gled, and the conductor, whose name we did
not learn, had one leg entirely ent off. This is
the account we have had of this dreadful affair,
and it has reached us so direct, that we fear it
is not exaggerated.
The accident occurred, we learn, in this way.
The Engine left the depot with a load of iron
to be transported to the point al which they
were laying down the rail, leaving a car laden
with iron at the point from which they started,
the wheels of which during their absence be
came unscolched, and it being down grade the
car moved off a considerable distance up the
road. The Engine having deposited the iron,
was returning in the night, pushing the cars
(upon which were Messrs. Garnett, Stockt in and
the conductor) ahead, and as the Engineer was
unconscious of danger, ran into the car which
had escaped from the depot.
Congressional Elrction.—Governor Craw
lord has issued his proclamation, ordering an
election in the third Congressional district, to
fill the vacancy occasioned by the resignation of
the Hon. Washington Poe, on Monday the sth
day of January next.
Onto.—The Columbus Journal, extra, of the
18th instant, contains further particulars of the
recent election in Ohio tor members of the Le
gislature. “From present appearances,” re
marks the Journal, “the Whig majority will
be at least six in the Senate, and from ten to
sixteen in the House.”
Ths Agricultural Association op Geor
gia will hold i’s annual meeting in Milledge
ville, on the second Monday of next month.—
County societies which choose to be represent
ed, will please take notice. The Committees
appointed by the President, Gov. (Jrawlord, on
the various subjects assigned them, will then
make their reports.— Recorder.
The next Session op Congress.—There is
an unusual degree ol interest (says the Balti
more American of the 18th instant,) fell in the
probable doings of the next Congress. Ques
tions of great complication must come up to be
considered. The Tariff, the Sub-Treasury
S 1 icy P du* "
our foteign relations present matters of more in
terest than even these.
The final adjustment of the annexation of
Texas will involve a settlement of boundary;
it will also involve soitc# questions ot impor
tance as to certain particular features of the
constitution ol Texas. It is known that Con
gress designated a parallel ot latitude which
should divide the slave-holding from the non
slave-holding region of Texas —yet the Consti
tution ol the latter does not recognise this provi
sion. The question of the assumption of the
debts ol Texas will also come up in this conven
tion, and with it the question of a general as
sumption ot the Stale debs-.
Our relations with Mexico must claim the
early attention of Congress. We have referred
more than once to the language ol the govern
ment paper on this subject. A prompt and de
cisive demonstration, throwing this whole mat-
ter into an immediate definite issue by which
Mexico would be brought to terms at the point
ot lhe bayonet, would neither surprise nor dis
please a portion of the people.
The Oregon question is peihaps, after all, the
most serious thing likely to come lielbre lhe
next Congres*. Wedonot know how Mr. Mc-
Lane isgettingnn with his negotiations in Lon
don, nor have wc any better knowledge ot the
present state ot tlte affair between our Govern
ment and the British minister at Washington.
The action of Congress will probably give some
turn to the question, of which a premonition
may be afforded by the President’s Message.
The Washington correspondent of the Charles,
ton Courier writes thus on the subject:
“The Oregon question cannot be passed over
in lhe President's message. He will, it is be
lieved, re-assert the title of the United Stales 'as
clear and uiu/uesluinable ’ lu ihn whole territory
up to 58° 40'. This, according to some of the
London presses, would be tantamount to decla
ration of war. The assertion which was made
in the inaugural was promply met in Parlia
ment by Sir Robert Peel, by a grand dramatic
scene, got tip expressly lor lhe purpose of inti
midating the ‘ obscure individual ’ who, as Lord
Brougham remarked, had been by some freak
of parties elected to the Presidency. It was
said, in apology for Mr. Polk, that he was not
addressing Congress, but humbugging that
great, awkward, silly monster, lhe people. But
now, Mr. Polk comes again. The ‘obscure
individual’ eotnes forward in his constitutional
capacity to perform a high constitutional duty,
and recommends that Congress shall assert the
title Ol the United States to the whole territory
of Oregon as 1 dear and unquestionable.’
“Congress may do it too, and accompany it
bv such acts as will be tantamount to a declara
tion of war."
In view ot the possible contingency here sug
gested some anxiety is felt concerning Mr. Cal
. houn’s return to (he Senate. His position on
I the Oregon question is well known ; his policy
Mfeis pacific. It is believed that he could exercise
influence in the Senate towards
fleleittnig the precipitate haste with which it is
9 feared the Occupation Bill may be hurried to
||| a final passage. The votes ot the South Carolina
||l Senators defeated that Bill last session. Tlte
Administration, however, has a majotity now
M in the Senate large enough to enable it to dis-
■ pense with the two votes from South Carolina,
gj. But Mr. Calhoun, il personally present, might
H carry with him other Senators from the South.
The Secret Treaty passed between Santa
Ana and the Texan authorities when he was
their prisoner—now forthe first time published
— the Rio Bravo del Norte as the
linehetween Mexico and Texas.
rr te St. Louis New Era isratherloo hard
upon the venerable Editor ot the executive or
gan. Hear how he talks ot him:—“ Ritchie
says his principles 'lie at the foundation of so
ciety.”'
If so, “society," like Rome, is built on >’■
prominences. John Randolph declared that
Ritchie’s “principles’ were fir -loaves and
fishes.
The Spaniards have a proverb that “ d ink
ing water neither makes a man sick m in .‘.d-t.
nor makes his wile a widow . ' and this Spanish
proverb, like most proverbs, is certainly true.
A foreign journal states that a message wk*
communicated bv the electro-telegraph from one
iflace to another in 1845, and arrived in 1811
This paradox is explained by the fact that the
message was sent immediately alter the clocx
■ struck 12, in 1845, but the difference in the lon-
I gitude of the two places brought the intelligence
I half a minute before 12 in 1844 Nothing but
I the'" ligttning line” can do this.
Wecnlii Chrmutw w SentineL
LATEST FROM EMiLANh.
Arrival Jjk \ or TUF
STEAMSHIP HIBERNIA.
Prom the A. Y. Courier q’- Enquirer.
Seven Days Later from Europe.
The steam ship Hibernia arrived at Boston
Sunday morning, in 15 days from Liverpool.
The Government Express arrived about half
past 2 o’clock this morning, to which we are in
debted tor bringing our papers, and a Boston
Timrs extra. We are dlso indebted to Ham
den & Co., tor London and Liverpool papers to
the 4th.
1 he Corti market continued firm, and the tine
weather which prevailed when the last steamer
left trad been followed by heavy rains.
Wilmer * Smith’s European Times ot lhe
4<h October, says—“ The Cotton market, which
was dull this day week, at the. sailing of the
Great Britain, still continues in an inactive
stale. The quotations on most descriptions, ex
cept Sea Islands, have receded an Jd. jjer lb.,
and. at the lime vrt.-wri£e,*on^w<iCW. ja. .'r«*Ar.«
*siu^*srtrtTfTfiv7i I m';endt'ncv. The absorbing
feeling in railway shares may have partially
contributed to this, and lhe rising price ot pro
visions, with the approach of winter, is also to
be taken into account. Many persons seriously
apprehend a crash al no distant day, from the
recklessness which accompanies the doings in
the Share market; and as the price ot Cotton,
above all descriptions < t produce, is the most
sensitive, and thefirst to give wav under a feel
ing of alarm or despondency, it is at all limes,
next to the price of the public securities, the best
index ol the temper ol a large portion of the
commercial and manufacturing public. The
Committee of Brokers have declared lhe price
for tl.e present week to be—Bowed, 4Jd.; Mo
bile, 4j I.; and Orleans, sd.
The Corn market continues firm; and the fine
weather which prevailed last week at the sailing
ot the steamer, having been followed by repealed
and heavy falls of rain, the market, in the early
part of the present week acquired additional
firmness, and continues so, with a slight draw
back, at the present time. Large quantities of
flour ate daily arriving from lhe United States
and Canada; and from the nature of the advices
recently sent across the Atlantic, the supply from
those quarters, there is every reason to believe,
will increase. From the cause, at which we
glanced in our last publication, the import rate
on wheat has advanced to 18s-the result of the
inferior qualities thrown on the market. The
import duty on flour is now lOslt) I per barrel.
In some instances, recently, fresh Flour has re
ceded Is per sack, and Canadian 6d per barrel,
influenced by the large arrivals from the West,
which amounts since Monday to nearly 9,000
barrels.
The Produce markets are not so active as
they have been. Rice is in less demand.—
Sugar has receded a little, with less inquiry,
while the price of Foreign Cottee has improved
a shade.
The Wool trade is brisk, a sure proof of the
healthy state ol lhe Yorkshire districts. The
introduction of the Wools ot the United
Stales into England is a new feature in this
branch of business; and lhe success which has
hitherto alter ded the speculation must lead to
more extensive imports Irotn lhe other side ol
the Atlantic. Our Wool report, il will be seen,
speaks in terms ot encouragement < f this new
feature, and ol the interest which it has excited.
The fact of Americans having been previous
ly large purchasers of Wool in our markets
takes nothing front the novelty,—the case being
now reversed. In ail respects the Wool mar
ket, except lor low descriptions, is prosperous,
and prices for the middling and better qualities
show symptoms ot improvement.
The commercial accounts from the East by
t lie last Overland Mail are, upon the whole, fa
vorable. A fairdemani was experienced for
cotton manufactures, and yarns were a shade
higher than the previous month. Woollens
were dull of sale: and in the Metal market
■ffe's!t'’h'!>’’i , l’e-.’n'done at better nritres. The trade
i nern uom? ireuci ju tv-n. *
with China is s'ated to he going off favorably,
and the negotiations tor lhe final possession of
Chusan were progressing as well as could be
expected.
i'he rate of interest in England is rising, tn
consequence of tlte scarcity ot money supetin
dttced by railway speculation. Some of the
large discount houses decline to lake any more
hills al nn interest ol less than ihres: per cent.
English Stecks which had receded about a J
per cent., recovered yesterday their former
prices, and Consols rinsed nt 984 f° r money
and 98| for account. Exchequer Bills stand
at 45s to 47s piem. As the ‘ettfement in the
Share market lias passed over tolerably well,
speculation has taken a new bound, and the
new announcements a re grasped at with amazing
avidity. There has been little doing in the
Colonial lines, the rage being confined to lhe new
projects in the British islands.”
Prospects of the Harvest.
The reports which have reached ns since out
last, respecting the progress made with the har
vest in the North, are not ol a characterto allay
the excitement previously fell on the subject.
The heavy rain which tell up to the 21st inst.,
was succeeded by dry, but unusually cold wea
ther. Sharp frosts were experienced on the
the 224 and 23d instant, and though
rhe temperature has since risen, the shift ol wind
to the southward threatens a return of wet.
Tire interval ol dry weather has hitherto br en
cf too short duration to admit ol much corn be
ing carried, ami the extreme cold has prevented
that not before ripe making much progress to
wards matuuly. It is therefore feared,—and
not without reason, —that the more backward
parts of lite kingdom may tare even worse than
the South; and as the reportsol tlte yield from
tlie forward districts do not by any means im
prove as threshirg is proceeded with, the esti
mates of the results of the harvest become daily
more discouraging. These considerationshave
had theireffect on the minds ol sellers as well
as buyers, and, with a greater inclination to pur
chase', less disposition has been manifested to
sell. The upwar I movement has, consequent
ly, continued, and al some of the ptincipal mar
kets materially enhanced terms have been paid
for Wheat.
Bv our Scotch advices, we learn that hat vest
operations, which had been interrupted by the
heavy rains that tell between lhe 16th and 22d,
had again been actively resumed; il will, never
theless, require some weeks of dry weather to
gel in wha' is yet abroad. Tlte lively repoits
from the south had caused sellers of Wheat to
demand materially enhanced terms. At Edin
burgh lhe article rose 3s per qr., and at Glasgow
the rise amounted to 2s 6d per boll, being equal
to 5s per qr. Much anxiety was felt there to
ascertain in how tar the potato crop had been
injured by the disease so prevalent in England,
but as nothing very positive is stated on lhe
subject we are inclined to think the mischief is
not so great in that part ot the kingdom.
From Ireland the complaints in regard to this
matter are, however, becoming general; even
along the west coast, whete lhe crop was pre
viously stated to have escaped injury, the root
has, it is stated, been discovered to have been
attacked. In lhe southern parts of the island
the bulk of the grain had, we are informed, been
. got in, and even in the north the fields were fast
being cleared. On lhe whole we aredisposed to
' think that the harvest will turn out better in
’ Ireland than in this side of the channel. The
; rise in lhe English market had the effect ol
causing an advance in the value ot both Wheat
and Oats.
Pram the Circular of J. <(• C. Fitzpatrick, Oct. 3.
Our corn market has again been very excited,
the weather, which was unsettled and variable,
continuing to exercise an important influence
on prices from week to week. In the early
part of the past month, with continued sunshine
for a tortnight, the harvest progressed rapidly,
and prices of most articles declined: but wet
weather again succeeding, we had several ex
cited markets, with large speculative sales,
which caused a rapid advance in all descrip
tions of grain and flour, the value of the latter
reaching 345. 6J. for the best brands of Canadi
an 1 superfine,’ and Pease realizing 425. to 465.
in quantity. With belter weather this week,
the market has been quieter, and on Tuesday
there was a decline of 2d. per 70 lbs. on old, and
3d on new wheat, Id. per 45 lbs on oats, Is. per
barrel on flour, and 3s. per quarter on pease.
In bonded the last sales were at 275. to 28s. 6.1.
tor prinre. brands U. S. sweet flour, and Bs. per
70 lbs. tor choice Dantzic wheat—the above
quotations giving the present value of all arti
cles of the trade. With regard to future prices
it is impossible to pronounce witn certainty.
The accounts from different parts of the coun
try continue to be very conflicting as to the yield
of wheat, while it is equally difficult to get at
the truth as to extent of injury done to the pota
to crop by the prevailing epidemicgthsdefi
ciency of the latter crop being likely ro influ
ence the value of grain very considerably in
the coming year. That lhere is a deficiency >n
the yield ot wheat to some extent, seems to be
generally allowed, and that, both as icgardstbe
ncreahle produce and the weighted tire bushel,
but which may be found to be fully balanced 1 y
the greater breadth i f ground sown, and th ■
latge stock ot last year’s growth still on ham*.
India and China.
The extraordinary express in anticipation i f
the Indian mail to lhe 28th ol Angtist, had ar
rived.
There is no longer any doubt as to the assem
bling of an army on the banks ol the Sutlej, in
order to enable the present Siekh government
to curb its licentious soldiery. The Queen
Mother and her brother were acting in concert
« ith lhe British agents to put down lhe rebel
lions spirit ol rhe Khalsa troops.
Scinde was tranquil, and lhe British rule
completely established.
Alterations were about to be made in lhe na
tive regiments employed in Scinde, and lhe
loud complaints lately uttered against its un
healtlrinessbad, in a great measure,subsided. —
The cholera bad disappeared at Subkur and
Hyderabad. The preparations for any move
ment that might be necessary against the Ptin
janb were going on silently but surely, especial
ly in the boats tor bridges and the steamers, *c.
It appeared to be expected that Sir Charles
Napier wood be called on to proceed to join tne
Governor-General, in caseany hostile measures
became imperative in the Pnnjaub.
The fame of that General along the Indus
ami throughout the north-west of India is im
mense. Some ot the envions journals of Ben
gal and Bombay seek to lower it, but in vain.
The Siekh troops would fight fess desperately
against him than any other British General, lor
they know bis valor in lhe victories over lhe
meh of the Scinde. There was a rnmor'ol a
treaty having been proposed by lhe Governor-
General to lhe Siekh Government, birr great
doubts were entertained, however favorable
g-veinmeirr nrfj’trtlie u> ir, that the troops
would submit to have a subsidiary British force
established at Lahore, even although a body of
themselves shall be incorporated with it.
The intelligence from Cabul is of the usual
descriptions ot intrigues and plots and rebel
lions.
In the interior of India tranquility prevails.
Great plenty was expected in the northwest pro
vinces, in consequence ot the abundant fall ot
rain. In some of lhe districts of the Bombay
presidency the tall has been scanty.
The departure from Calcutta of the Governor
General lor the northwestern provices was fixed
fur lire end ot September, when it was expected
that he would endeavor to have the new treaty
with lhe Siekhs carried into effect.
The Southern Mahratta country was tran
quil, although some disaffected chiefs refused
to pay their tribute.
China.
The news from China comes tfnwn to the 27th
of June. The Government of Hong Kung had
published a proclamation for the assessment ot
houses, land, &c., which it was maintained
was calculated to prove injurious to lhe colony,
as tending to prevent parties from settling there.
There is an interesting discussion going for
ward in India relative to the Island of Chusan,
which now, when the time for its restoration to
the Chinese is approaching, becomes of more
value than ever to the British. A great unwil
lingness is exhibited to restore it. on the ground
that the whole of the provisions of lhe treaties
with the Chinese has not been complied with.
It was said that the French nnd Americans
cast covetous eyeson this island, against which
so many prejudices had existed, which were
found by experience to be unfounded, and that
they havingeacb made stipulations tor an is
land, expect Io get Chusan.
The island continues still in the hands of the
British, and a very great wish is expressed tore
tain it. It is not improbable that some negotia
tions for the purpose will be commenced ere long.
The trade with the Chinese was going for
ward favorably, and it is to be hored that the ne
gotiations forthe final possession ofChusan will
he attended with the best results. It appears
that the best feelings prevail between the inhab
itants ofChusan and the British troops stationed
there. The health of lhe latter, since they had
become a< quainted with the country and lhe
manner of living in it, had been excellent..
France.
Paris, Sept. 30.—Much attention has been
paid in this capital, both by the press and the
public, to the recent arrival from lhe United
Slates with respect to Mexico. The probability
of a war or no war has been discussed; but all
journals and all parties are unanimous in think
ing it would be the very height of tolly lor
Mexico io attempt hostilities.
The tale ol the Times, of London, of the
tempt, disbelief and indignation. All our juitr
nals, without a single exception, designate it as
a falsehood, many characterize it as a most in
lamous calumny, and some think it a lie so
monstrously stupid as not to merit the honor ot
an answer.
Washington Irving’s arrival at Bordeaux
from Madrid, was announced some days ago,
and it was said that he was entrusted with a
special mission to the Government of France.
Up to this time, however, he has not arrived in
Paris. Mr. King, the American minister in
this country, has returned to Paris and resumed
his duties, aftet having travelled fora few weeks
in Switzerland and Italy.
The news from Algiers is ol lhe usual cha
racter—continued outbreaks of the natives in
the provinces subjected to France, vengeance of
the Fpench authorities, and threatened attacks
from Abd el-Kader.
Belgium.
On the 16th lhe Chambers assembled, and
after the usual preliminaries, Ministers present
ed a projdde loi tor providing for lhe subsistence
of the people in consequence of the lailnreoi
"7lie potato crop.
It is said that lhe potato crop lias not suffered
so much as represented.
In Holland, where the potatoes have failed,
measures have been taken by the Government
lor admitting articles of necessity (potatoes,
wheal, barley, &c.,) ata very low rale of duty.
Spain.
The Queen and her mother tent rued to Ma
drid on the 13th. They were delighted with
their visit to lhe provinces.
Madrid lias not been disturbed, but lhe Gov
ernment is continually on the alert, and lhe
troops are always ready to act.
Switzerland.
The Government if Berne having obtained a
vote of confidence from lhe Grand Council, the
radical or revolutionary party are much dis
couraged.
A secret club, called young Germany, has
been dragged to light. Il is numerous, and pos
sesses extensive ramifications. Il possesses the
most violent doctrines—the division of proper
ty, the light of assassinating Kings, tlte encou
ragement of revolutions, &c.
The potato crop has been much injured by
the prevalent malady.
Italy.
Our government has commenced, orisabout
to commence, negotiations for a treaty ol com
merce with the United States. Tlte basis ol
lhe treaty offered by Naples will be a very ex
tensive reduction of the import duties and other
commercial facilities. Such treaties have al
ready been made with England and France, and
will be entered into with as mmy other coun
tries as possible.
Russia.
The Russian army, in retiring within its
lines, had v> act invariably on the defensive
against the mountaineers of Caucasus. The
latter laid wail lor them in unexpected places,
and annoyed them trom behind barriers in a
dreadful manner. The Russians were at length
forced to assemble themselves in a body, and
wait the arrival ot succours. They have suffer
ed most severely.
The Empress ot Russia has been visiting her
brother, the King ot Prussia, and is t > leave en
route for Italy. She is not so ill as was repre
sented.
In Poland lhe usual severities are practised
towards the people.
The Cotton Market.
Pram the Circular of Messrs. Geo. Holl, 4* Co.
Liverpool, Oct. 3.
Cotton.— Without any additional information
bearing upon our Cotton market, we have lost
ground this week. The demand has at no mo
ment been more than moderate, and occasional
ly we have been dull and flat. Under this state
of things American descriptions are Jd lower,
and every other sort, including Egyptians, Bra
zils, Surats, &c. are easier to purchase. This
slight retrograde movement is therefore, to be
attributed to the gradual pressure arising from
the weight of our stock. 1? 00 American have
been taken on speculation, and 206 for export.
The sales of the week amount to 23,590 bags.
From the Circular of the United Brokers.
The dullness noticed last week continues even
to a greater degree, and holders hiving evinced
more disposition to realise, prices generally have
given way fully |d lb. and the market closes
very heavily at this reduction At a publie sale,
of 150 choice Egyptian, Sto Madras and 300 Bar
badoes, all the Egyptian sold o' 9fd to 12fd, and
200 Baibadoes at dju to 12d ; Ute Madras were
withdrawn for want of bidders. Speculators
have taken 1500 American, and exporters 2CO.
There were forwarded into the country unsold,
during the past monih, 230 American, 200 Per
nambuco, and 40 Egyptian. The sales of the
week amount to 23,930 bags.
Havre, September 30.
Cottons— Our market remains in about the
same state of inactivity as noticed at the date of
our preceding report, and although with the ex
ception of the unfavorable weather, no new cir
• ctimstances have arisen to damp the transac
tions, the demand has again been of a most hnrir
d description, and up t ■ the close of list wetk
the aspect of business was, generally speaking,
far from exhibiting the slightest appearance of
animation. Speculators an the one nand have
kept entirely aloof, whilst on the other, dealers
1 from the trade purchase merely from hand to
mouth, notwithstanding that for a long lapse ot
time the Internal districts have been but scantily
- supplied with raw material, which warranted in
n a great measure the anticipation of a more
t wholesome stats of things- Ihe accounts from
AUGUSTA, GA., THURSDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 30, 1845.
Liverpool having been, unon the whole, of a dull
character, have also contributed to the flat
ness that has predominated here, and although
we make no change in our quotations prices
barely maintain their ground, and are obviously
in favor of the buyer.
•Since the commencement ot this week the
saleshave been moderate at previous rates; but
there appears to be a little more disposition on
lhe part of dr aters to purchase for lhe manufac
turing districts. Our latest advices trom the
United Slates are to the Bth instant, but they
were devoid of any interesting feature. We are
drily looking forthose of 15th idem, by the Cal
edonia steamer via England, the. tenor of which
will most likely be productive of some change.
The following were the. sales effected from the
25th to 30th September:
959 bales N. Orleans- duty paid-F 53 to 85—
816 “ Mobile ”■■ • ■ 62 to 74
741 “ Upland “.... 59—to 71
16 “ Cayenne-••• •• to 90—
2532 bales.
The imports during the same period amount to
From Charleston 3248 bales.
New York 1747 “
Brazil 220 “
Other ports 68 **
Total ■ • ■ 52£3bnloa.
ANew Use for the Telegraph.—A cor
respondent of the New York News suggests a
valuable purpose which may be attained by the
Magnetic Telegraph, thus:—
“There is one use to which the Magnetic
Telegraph may be put on our Atlantic coast,
that I have no where seen mentioned—it is in
telling us of the approach of north-east storms.
It is well known that they commence in Phila
delphia often some hours sooner than .here, and
farther south—at Baltimore, Washington, or
Norfolk—still earlier; and here before they
commence in Boston. Now, word could be
sent ahead ot any hurricane or storm, from sta
tion to station, and thus prevent the loss of many
a richly laden vessel. For, instead of leaving
port only to beat against the wind, or get on a
lee shore, they could remain securely moored
at the whart until lhe storm isover. Notoniy
may the merchant and mariner be benefitted,
but all classes,especially the farmer, who might
be t otified of the approach of a north-east storm,
over a considerable extent of country. Ard
thus, in harvest time, save thousands of dollars’
worth ot hay and grain. Why, lam not sure
but that we shall see the lime when we will look
at lhe newspapers lor the latest magnetic intel
ligence, so as to know whether to take our um
brellas along with us or not.”
Old Age.—This is an infirmity, which no
body knows. Nothing can exceed our early
impatience to escape front youih tomanhood,
and appear older than we are, except our sub
sequent anxiety to obtain the reputation ol
being younger than we are. The first longing
is natural, for Hope is before us; and it seems
possible to anticipate that which we must soon
reach. But the second is a weakness, not less
strange than general, for we cannot expect to
recover that from which we are incessantly
flying, or avoid that to which we are perpetually
approaching. If, by putting back our own date,
we could arrest the great clock of time, there
would be an intelligible motive for our con
duct.
Women, who imagine their influence to de
pend upon their personal attractions, naturally
wish to preserve their youth. It is in their
powet to do so, for she who captivates the heart
and lhe understanding, never grows old. We
have always thought there was something very
contemptible in a male horror ot senility. So
prevalent, however, is the feeling, that we have
no chronology for men or women, at or beyond
the meridian of life. They are all personsol
a certain age, which is the most nnccrMn one
upon record. This is all wrong. As variety is
universally allowed to be pleasing, the diversi
ty occasioned by the progress ol age should, in
itself, be a source of delight. Perpetual sun
shine would soon be found more annoying than
an alteration of the seasons; so would a contin
uous youth be more irksome than ihf
•’'l 1.-:'>n'tyi r ‘tit c. - - The S •■. ChirWr
of the 16th of September gives a description of
an extensive association which has been dis
covered at Neufchatel, and which has extensive
ramifications throughout the other cantons of
Switzerland. The object ol this society is de
scribed by the Swiss paper to be the overthrow’
of all religious, social and political organization
in Germany, by means of the spread of atheism,
hv the destruction of all moral principal, and
even by regicide.
More Iron Steamers.—Messrs. Hodgson *
Co. of Liverpool, are building among-l other
vessels, an iron ship of 1200 tons burthen, the
first ot a new' line of steamers to b’y between
New York and Liverpool, with engines ol 180
horsepower; also, one ol (iOOfons burthen and
lltO horse power, to ply between Liverpool and
Rio Janeiro, the first ol a new line ol seven;
also, one lor Buenos Ayres, all fitted with a
screw propeller and Grantham’s patent direct
action engines.
O’The Lincoln (Maine) Telegraph says : -
"The conferring of the honorary degree of L.
L. I), upon Henry Clay, is a striking instance
wherein lhe degree cottiers no honor, but the
man honors the degree. We should as soon
think of saying Cicero, L. L. D. or George
Washington, L L. D,as to any Henry Clay,
L. L D. The glory of Mr. Clay is yet to be
revealed Io future ages, on the bright and glow
ing pages of our national history."
To Illis tlte Philadelphia U.S. Gazette very
properly adds: "That is all right, 'l he glory
of every man ol the present age, and there are
glorious men in these times, it to be revealed at
all to future ages, has yet to be revealed; and
the page that receives lite recoid ol Henry
Clay’s name, with his splendid deeds, will be
luminous with glory. But the present page is
not rayless It is bright witli the fame ot Henry
Clay, and the wayfaring man feels that his own
times have been distinguished by the patriotic
labors, and lhe lolty talents, of one upon whom
posterity is to look with respect and admiration.
“ The honors conferred upon Henry Clay are
eminently due to his character and qualification ;
but, at the same time, the literary institutions of
our country bring honor to themselves, by show
ing ability to appreciate, and willingness to re
cognize publicly, the talents, acquirements, and
public services, ot great and good men like
Henry Clay.”
Howto deal with Mobs.—When lhe “little
artillery officer,” Napoleon, was sent to quell an
alarming riot in Paris, he sainted lhe mob with
a destructive fire ol grape-shot at the first dis
charge, and following it up with blank car
tridge, the streets were cleared immediately.—
Cn being after wards remonstrated with, he ob
served truly that had he fired blank cartridge
first, the mob would have had time to rally their
courage, when thousands instead of hundreds
must have been slain. If the civil power
would always act on this hint, much misery
might be spared. Tampering with a lawless
mob is wretched policy.— N. Y. Evening Ga
zelle.
Jewelry.—The New York 7Visu»c has the
tollowing : “Jewelry by the process of galvan
izing, has of late become so much adulterated
as to contain scarcely 100th patt of the gold
formerly wrought up into them. For instance,
gold pencil cases: a very few years since a de
scription < I these articles was sold at sl9 each,
and were of solid gold; precisely the same ar
ticle to all appearance, is now sold at $7 for
gold. A fraud here is apparent, because gold
has not fallen in value. The cheap article nets
the nanulacmrers 20D per cent, while the gen
uine would give but 40 per cent profit. A pen
cil which formerly contained $5 worth of gold
has now a value of 30 cents thinly galvanized
upon its exterior. So general has this practice
become that probably seven-eighths of all lhe
ornaments worn in lhe city areof copper, though
paid for as gold.”
JJ- Judge Bowne, of this village, handed us
an apple this week called the “Monmouth
Pippin,” measuring thirteen inches in circum
ference, and weighing thirteen ounces. Who
can beat this.— Monmouh Inq.
A Princely Hebrew —From Prague, we
hear of the death, at th* age of seventy seven,
of lhe Hebrew merchant, Maurice Sedekaucr—
a «ian whose title to a record in pages like ours
consists, not in the princely fortune which was
the work of his own honorable toil, but in the
noble use which he made of it. Fifty years
ago, M- Zedekauer came, penniless, to Prague;
and he has left behind him, seven millions of
florins—£7oo.ooo. In his lifetime he devoted
the larger pan of his immense revenues to the
encouragment of science, art, and national in
dustry—and to lhe relief o' the indigent, with
out distinction ol religion or race; and, by bi’ >
will, he has bequeathed three millions of florins |
—£300,000 among the benevolent institutions’
of all the principal cities of Bohemia. He w.-r
--loilowed to the cemetiy of his nation by men ol
all ranks and beliefs —the poor, <>i course—the
civil and military authorities ot the capital—all
its distinguished men—and. it is very pleasant
to add, many clergymen of various Christian
sects. Everywhere the spirit is passing into
dishonor which would once have “spit upon
the Jewish gaberdine,” or trampled on the
grave of a man like this.— Alhewctum.
The following toast, given at a late Hor
ticultural Fair in Boston, isn’t bad
Woman—The earliest gatherers ot fruit; by
picking the first apple, she caused the first pair
to talk
SATURDAY MO&NING. OCTOBER 25.
Florida' Election.
The Tallahassee (Democratic) ad
mits that Cabell ( ; -W.ig) has been elected to
Congress at the spec-defection to fill the vacan
cy of Senator Levy, as gratifying as
it was unexpected. .
Senator in Wari®»nb Lowndes.—lt was
reported in the city jjestt'rnay, says the Savan
nah Republican ot VYteUngsday, on what we le
gat'd asgbod ainhoriifeiat although Mr. Jones,
the Democratic candiifaie lor the counties of
Ware and l.owndes/fels obtained the certifi
cate of the Just Gen. Knight,
lias an actual
triet. One of lhe pitfcc-ts «t Ware, (the Oke
fenokee,) which giye'Sjbargg )Yhig majority,
>■ ii -t.int some <■ • Court Bon-.-,
li has been customa: ■ is-.- .. >U an
of lhe Votes U. lhe to give
ca»e, however, the Justices made uj> their re
turns before the receipt' of the vote from lhe
Okefenokee precinct, thus defeating the wishes
of a majority. Our informant received these
facts from a gentleman from Ware county,
who informed him that Gen. Knight intended to
contest the seat, and who also said that it was
reported in Ware, that Mr. Jones, who is a ve
ry honorable man, would not pretend totairehis
seat tinder the circumstances. It it be found
that the distance from the Court House lias
really been the means of disfranchising a por
tion of the citizens of Ware, their case is one
which requires Legislative action. If this re
pot! is true, as we have reason to believe it is,
it will make a corresponding difference in toe
vote lor Governor, and reduce the Democratic
majority in the Senate to one vote.
The Accident on the State Road.
The Advocate, of Wednesday the 224 insl.t
published at Marietta, has the following accotm
of the accident on the Slate road to which we
referred yesterday:
Accident on the Slate Road.— We tegret that
we have been called upon to notice a serious
accident which has taken place on tlte W. &
A. Rail Road. The first trip of the Passenger
Train, (on lhe 21st insl ,) from Marietta to with,
in a lew miles of the Hightower, lhe cars catne
in collision with a freight car standing upon
the road, and being dark there was no time at
forded ro avoid the effects. We regret to state
that Mr. T. 11. Highsmith, the conductor, had
his leg so badly mangled that amputation was
deeme I necessary. Mr. Garnett, the Chief
Engineer, we learn, had a thigh lone broken.
There were no lives lost, and no other serious
misfortune with which we have been made ac
quainted.
The State Road.
The Marietta Helicon ot the 22 t inst. says:
Our Road appears to be doing a thriving busi
ness, and the West does not seem backward in
securing its advantages. Last week we noticed
the cars freighted with upwards of five hundred
bead ot sheep and hogs for Augusta. The rate
of transportation is much less than the cost of
driving, and we expect the uses of the drover—
the industtions mud trodder—to become as ‘flat
stale and unprofitable ’ as the teamsters, once
employed in the carrying trade of Georgia.
All parties appear gratifiedwhh the successful
Ped ters..
The attention of the next’Legislature, says
the Macon Telegraph, cannot be called too
early to the propriety of repealing the present
law, licensing Pedlers and itinerant traders in
l his State. The to it, as il operates at
present, are so apparent to every one, that it is
not necessary to allude to them here. No class
of our ieliiMV-ciiiz.:ns are benefited by it. Nor
is it in any way conducive to tlte well being ot
the Stale, or any of its" citizens, and wetrust
that upon the question ol its repeal there will
be no difference of opinion in that body. Let
it be lopoed oil entirely, or lhe price of pedler’s
license raised to a sum which will amount loa
prohibition. The public voire calls for such a
teforni ; let it be granted and the tittisanee which
now overruns the Stale abated.
Rlduction of Interest.—Every man at all
acquainted witli business matters, (says the Sa
vannah ttepnbliean ,) must know that the present
.ate ol legal interest in Georgia, is entirely too
high--that no planter, merchant or ownerol’rcal
estate, can realize a profit upon his capital at all
equal to that which is pocketed by the money
lender. This is oppressive to a large class of
our most enterprising and worthy citizens- il
‘■makes the rich richer, and the poor poorer”—
it prevents the employment of capital in tlte le
gitimate channels ot business—it checks all
valuable improvement, and ohgltl to be reme
died. The subject will doubtless be brought to
the attention of lite Legislature by Governor
Crawford, al lhe opening of the session, and il
is greatly to be hoped that that body mav reduce
the rate ot interest anil repeal, or at least revise,
all the existing laws on the subject of usury.
These laws have, within the last ten years, been
the occasion of more fraud and ruin than any
other single cause. They ought to be closely
scrutinized, and so modified as to correspond
with the spirit ot tltis age of improvement.
Tits Cotton Crop—The Mobile Prices
Current of lhe 18th inst., says there is much
speculation upon the probabilities ol a frost.
Should it keep off to the end of the month, they
say lheir lortner estimates ot the crop of Ala
bama will have to be 'ctinslrfScSttlV increased.
The accounts from Louisiana continue highly
favorable, and a very heavy crop will be marie.
The estimates in Mobile for lhe aggregate crop
of the country are generally 2,250,000 to
2,300,000 bales.”
Thanksgivinu.—The following preamble and
resolution were unanimously adopted at the last
meeting of the City Council of Charleston :
Whereas, at all times it is becoming to ex
press acknowledgment to lhe Almighty Protec
tor ol the Universe for benefits bestowed, and
as this community has much to be grateful for
during the past season—therefore
Resolved, That Thursday, the 6th November,
be set apart as a day of Public Thanksgiving,
and that His Honor the Mayor, do issue his
Proclamation accordingly.
Statistics of Fall River, Mass. The Fall
River News contains a table, prepared by two
of the assessors, showing the amount of lhe
manufacturing and other business in that town
for the yearending April 1, 1845. From this
tahie we gather the following particulars-:
Cotton Manufactories. -Namber of mills, 6;
numberof spindles in operation. 38,952; pounds
of cotton consumed during the year, 1,559,280;
vards of cloth manufactured during the same
time, 7,030,950; gross value of clott, 8583,160;
poundsol yarn manufaciured besides, 66 405;
number ot males employed in cotton manufac
tories, 250; females, 520.
Calico Manufactories. — Number of establish
ments 2; yards ot calico printed during the
year, 16.640,000; gross value of calico printed,
$2 000 01X1; males employed, 795; females, 48.
Woollen Manufactory.—One mill ol seven
i seisot machinery; pounds ol wool consumed,
I 160 000; vards of cassimere and satinet manu-
I. factored,. 160,000 ; value thereof, S 145.000;
i males emploied, 70; female*, 40.
I Iron Manufactory.— Number ol mills, 2; tons
1 of iron manufaciured and not made into nails,
I 2100, value of same, $216,000; tons ol nails
I manufactured, 3250, value ot same, $260,000;
males employed in iron manufncinre, 300.
Iron Foundry.— One establishment of three
1 furnaces - tons ol castings turned out, 1275;
value ol same, $44 625; hands employed, 65.
Mac/iineu.— Value of articles manufactured,
$124,500; hands employed, 124.
in addition to the foregoing, ahont47O hands
were employed in various other kinds of manu
facture or production, (exclusive of agriculture,
whaling, &c.,) the value of the articles manu-
I factored by whom was about $223,000.
.Texas.
The following letter loom an officer ot the
Second Regiment of Dragoons, to his brother in
Georgia, by whom it was published in the Ma
con TWegrapA, win be read with interest.
“Corpus Christi, Sept. 1845.
“1 wrote you immediately on my arrival at
this place, but was in such a hnrrv that I must
have given you but a contused account ol mat
ters. Our regiment arrived here on lhe 27th
instant, after a inarch of more than five bun
dred miles diagonally through Texas. The
roads, in consequence of the excessive drought,
we found very good, particularly through the
prairies. The waters in most ot the rivers was
so low that most of them we forded. Contrary
to our expectation we siiffeied for neither forage
nor waler; being able, with proper manage
ment so to regulate our marches as to procure
sufficient for more than seven hundred horses
each night. Generally lite lands through the
countries over which we passed were very fer
tile. capable ol producing corn, cotton and su
gar in lhe greatest abundance. Aller passing
the;Hwmusj on which river Washingtyji is-siuf.
‘ lay <>oer s preiiw- wintry tn
this place, nearly 300 mites. The most desira
ble country for a planter, or indeed any one
who wishes to emigrate to this country, is be
tween the Brassos anti Colorado. Timber in
sufficient quantities for farming and other pur
poses can be procured by making a selection to
embrace some portion of a river bottom, or the
post oak scrubs which invariably separate the
large prairies. In that portion ot the country
.which is well wooded, the trees are of the same
kind, with a few exceptions, and about of the
samegtowth as those we find in Georgia. In
the vicinity of Independence, Lagrange and
Victoria, the lands are well cultivated, and by
persons who have the appearance of respecta
bility. The state of Georgia is well represent
ed in this country. There are many commu
nities who have purchased land together and
form a society among themselves in different
portions of the country, that are quite as moral
and peaceable as many in more civilized states;
but with these exceptions the people are general
ly a lawless set and very loose in their morals.
There are old fends still raging in some coun
ties, and which will only be settled by the ex
termination of one ot the parties. These quar
rels have arisen in consequence of some family
setting itself up, in the want of law and order,
to regulate lhe rest.
I have heard ot several names to which you
are familiar in Georgia—Longstreet, Hoxey,
Lamar, and Wilkins Hunt, who lives in Victo
ria. I have made inquiries but can hear noth
ing ot Mr. , about whom you requested me
to obtain some information. Do you recollect
our boarding at in Milledgeville, a rd meet
ing a Mrs. there? I found her living in
a log hovel on the La Banna, in one of the bleak
est ot Texas prairies. She is, however, still
lhe pure, well-bred, and accomplished Mrs.
speak of her fatherland, while
“The tears
•S*till lingered in her eyes ofdeepest blue,
As dew-drops on the hyacinth’s azure bell,
Whilst lhesoft pink that flushed her cheek, so rich,
And yet so delicate, was like the dawn
Os early morn, when mist withdraws her veil.”
Excuse tnts poettcai quotation into which mv
feelings have unconsciously betrayed me. I
think you would like lhe counties and people
in the vicinity of those places I have mention
ed. I should choose Victoria, as the point
neares’ to navigation by vessels, being only 25
miles to La Banca bay, tioni which transporta
tion can always he had to New Orleans. The
land can always be bought quite cheap, say for
the best quality, $2 50 per acre, the tract com
bining ail the advantages of wood and water,
which are lhe most desirable objects. The
town, (Victoria,) is situated upon the Guade
loupe, (pronounced by the natives, Wa da-loit
p,e) a short distan-e above its junction with the
San Antonio. The population is mostly
Mexican and of the lowest order. The country
the climate is said to be the most salubrious in
the world. 1 shall, probably, before I see
you, have an opportunity’ of examining this
section and report knowingly. After teav 1
ing Victoria, our course was in a S. W
direction until we reached lhe Nueces river,
the contested boundary line between Texas and
Mexico. We struck the river near an old Irish 1
town called San Patricio, settled by a colony 1
from Ireland in 1832, and abandoned in 1838. 1
The land is very rich; I have seen none
belter io Texas; but it has not a stick of tim
ber, except a tree known only in this country, ‘
< ailed the musquit. From its ttncußlormabte
nature, I cannot conceive to what use it could
be applied. It is crooked, more so than any
tree I ever saw, scrubby and thorny. It does
not appear suitable for building, burning, or
constructing fences, yet for want of all other
limber it has to subserve all these purposes.
You may well imagine the appearance of tire
houses, fences &c. is not very imposing.
Twenty-five mites from Victoria, due west, ’
is lhe town of Goliad, near which place you '
will recollect Fannin and his party capitulated '
to the Mexicans and were subsequently massa
cred Goliad is a beautiful place, strongly 1
fortified, with quarterssuflicieni for one thousand '
men, and space within tlte walls of the fort to
inancenvre n regiment. The whole place is in
ruins-not a soul of lhe 25,000 who formerly
inhabited the place, is left. Near lhe town on
the opposite side of t lm river are the remains ol
a large convent. This place was abandoned
in 1836; it will probably never be occupied
again, as the town, as far as I can see, posse s
esnot one single advantage to authorise it.—
The soil is fertile, hut the whole country looks
bleak and barren for wantol trees. It is some
what strange that many ol lhe river hanks are
destitute of timber. Goliad will long he remem
bered on account of the outrageous massacre
of the 400 men, umlerthe brave but unfortunate
Fannin. It is remarkable that he and I should
have been born and raised almost tn the same
neighborhood, and after the intervention of long
years I find myself so far from the home of our
boyhood, on the spot where he so gallantly
fought and fell in defence ol lhe rights of his
adopted country.
The whole country through which we have
passed is literally infested with game. Deer,
turkeys, grouse, partridges, *c., we have met
with in the greatest abundance. 1 have seen
frequently at lhe same time more than a hun
dred deer feeding on the prairie. I went hunt
ing on the Nueces and killed in a short time six
that 1 got. I shot many more which, though
wounded, were able to escape. I have stood in
mv tracks and fired at a heard until I was ab
solutely tired of loading my gun. 1 had heard
many stories of the deer we should see, but was
wholly unprepared for the reality. 1 here are
also bears, wolves, and panthers in the river
swamps; the prairie does not afford sufficient
cover, save in a kind of undergrowth which lhe
Mexicans designate capparal. We have seen
a hare in this country similar in every respect
to the one we have in Georgia, except that they
are about five times the size. They are fine
eating. The streams abound in fish of the
same kind you have in Georgia, trout, perch,
cat &c. Soon after leaving Goliad, we came
across immense trails ot mustangs, the wild
horse ot the country; herds ot 5000 have not
unfrequentlv been ’seen in the prairies high up
on the Nueces. 1 have seen only two herds
running wild; our horses were too jaded to at
tempt to follow them. Since we have been at
this place the Mexicans have brought tn hun
dreds to sell. When caught young it is possi
ble to break and get some service out of them.
When caught four or five years old, it is impos
sible to tame them without destroying their
physical capabilities. We buy good servicea
ble ponies here for 52.50, mules for $lO or sls.
It is an interesting sight to see the Mexicans
driving their ponies and mules. A company
composed this way is called a caviad. Their
dress is the old Spanish hat, broad bum, high
pointed crown, a hirongo manufaciured in the
shape of a blanket by the women ot the coun
try (very costly,) lower garments of leather;
their legs protected by dressed goatskins
lhe whole fastened with a leather or hair girth,
in which are stuck divers pistols, knives. &c.;
their heels are armed with lhe most enormous
spurs - around the pommel of the saddle is car
ried a lasso with which they catch their mus
tang’ The country’ on the southern coast, such
as between this and'Matagorda, is a low barren
prairie, affording pasture for any number of
horsesand cattle, but unfit in many respects for
cultivation. The water is very bad. that
procured near the coast is invariably brackish,
and lhat further back in the country rotten lime
stone The water of the streams ami rivers I
found venerally good. 1 have no doubt but that
lhe climate is very healthly, arising mo-tlv
from the tact that lhe sea-breeze, having nothing
to obstruct it, penetrates very tar into the inte
rior For a planter, a settlement on lhe Colora
do or on the Gnadaloupe, would tie more de
sirable than anv portion of lhe country. To
vet to this couniry the quickest way is to take
passage from New Orleans to Matagorda or
La Banca. To move a family the best tune
to do so would be in the summer when the
road’are good and the waters low. Every body
has claims to land which he will sell; but it is
very difficult to say what claims are stood, and
almost impossible to avoid imposition. Now
i, the best time to purchase. I think ot buy
ing a league before I leave here, somewhere
in the vicinity of San Antonio.
I have time to add only a few words in rela
tion to our military matters. For the last three
weeks regular troops have been pouring tn up-
j>n us »rom rhe United .Stales, until we have
now neatly six regiments, sufficient to encottn
terany force the enemy will likely bring against
jts. Here we are awaiting the movements ot
the Mexican Government. Il they declare war,
we will immediately march to the Rio Grande,
and attack . Awaiting their movements,
it winter should come on, the troops will be
disposed ot in the adjacent country, where we
may possibly remain in a glotious state ot
suspense until lhe matter i’ sealed by negotia
tion.
JJ-Sotne old traveller is jotting down con
clusions trom his varied experience in the Bos
ton Courier. He is a man ot sense, for we
find him moralizing over a breakfast at lite
Astor Horse in the following strain :
I notice that some people swallow their cot
lee or tea in lhe morning, or bolt down a large
quantity of meals and drinks jn an indefinite,
■ because too few, number ot minutes, and then
run off to business like a flash of lightning.
This is not good for thedigestton, and will inva
riably lead to dyspepsia. A breakfast is as im
portant as a dinner, and neither lhe one nor the
other should be (ja-tened nor abused. It a inan
is hurried for time iu lhe morning, he should
rfttr earlier'belter lose a Tittle sleep than spoil
the tone of the stomach.
There is more wisdom in the last sentence
than in some entire quartos of so-called philo
sophy.
Steam and Water Power.
The tollowing article trom the Hartford Cou
ranl contains information, the result of practi
cal experience and observation, ol value to those
interested, or about to embark, in lhe business of
manufacturing, and therefore deserves their con
sideration.
Manufacturing by Steam aud Waler Pinrer.
We have before os the Report of a Commit
tee appointed by the citizens of Utica to inves
tigate the relative difference of the cost ot Mo
tive Power of AVater and Steam, as applicable
to Manufacturing. This committee consisted
of Spencer Kellogg, Andrew S. Pond and Ed
mund Graham. As the subject is one which
has excited considerable interest we shall give
some ot the information which the Committee
learned in the couise of their investigations.
The) first place they visited was Newport,
Rhode Island. Here are two Cotton Mills
operated by steam powe.-, which have been in
existence about nine years, and which have
heretofore been under the general supervision
of Mr. Gardner, who lost his life at the burning
of the Ocean House. The size of the Perry
Steam Mill is 200 feet long by 50 wide, and
contains 7727 spindles, 227 looms, 42 carding
machines, 24 inches wide. Thev employ 200
operativesand their capital is 102,000 dollars.
Expense of engine, boilers, Ac about 5000 dol
lars; they consume 4200 pounds of coal perday.
The present improved machinery would con
sume much less. They pay their engineer 450
dollars per annum ; their fireman 83 cents per
day; loreman in each room $1,67 perday. The
establishment make only fine printing cloths,
which brings them 7i cis. per yard. The use
the old fashioned mule spindles which cost
.$2,25 each. A factory got up on lhe most im
proved plan would cost, exclusive ol the build
ing, about 7000 dollars per 1000 spindles. In
answer to the inquiry about the relative advan
tages of water over steam power Mr. W. the
agent, said that he would not lake water power
five miles from navigable waters as a gift. He
considered iqgam the best power in the world
for manufacturing fine cotton goods—among
the reasons he assigned were, that they were
better to be manufactured in a humid atmos
pbCre; with steam you always had a sufficient
power; the expense ol keeping it in running
order was not near as much; and you could
build your mills in cities, were not
under the necessity ot erectinga village for their
accommodation.but where boarding houses were
already erected to your hand. The investment
has been a profitable one to the stockholders,
dent that it would be better to build a steam
mill on navigable wateis than to have a water
privilege given and build five miles from navi,
nation. This mill is making* fine bleached
sheetings, and is profitable to the stocklu Iders.
It runs about 6000 spindles.
Providence was the next place visited, where
the Committee examined the Providence Steam
Company Mill, under the agency ol Mr Fish
er. ThU will contain 10,028 spindles, 240
looms. 67 cards, a part of which are 18 and a
part 24 inches, at d they contemplate adding
4000 spindles more. The capital ol the com
pany is 200,000 dollars; including an extensive
machine shop employing about sixty hands.
The amonnt of coal consumed per day to run
this mill and machine shop is about 24 tons.
The number of operatives employed tn the
mill is about 220-wages ot the engineer $1 50,
fireman $1.25 per day. The engine in this mill
is from (Xi to 80 horse power. Average num
ber ot yards of cloth manufactured per d: v,
3820 of fine fabric, worth when bleached 114
cents per yard. The agent believes that lhe
same goods oflike material manufactured in a
waterTnill will not bring as much by an eighth
or a fourth of a cent. Females that attend the
carding department receive 34 cts. per day. The
average amount ot the earnings ot the weavers
and spinners, who work by the job. is $4 50 per
" The Hon. Mr. Sprague, who is largely con
cerned in manufacturing, and who does not use
steam except in his print works, prefers water
to steam, although it should not be located at any
considerable distance from navigable wateis.
In regard to machinery, he prefers the ring spin
dle tor spinning warp, and the self-operating
mule lor tilling.
Mr. Kelley, who i< largely concerned tn
several mills at Lonsdale, about six miles from
Providence, informed lhe committee that lor
sometime he had made the operation ot steam
power upon cotton machinery a study, und he
was so well satisfied of its utility and advanta
ges, that if he could dispose of his water mills,
he should invest the avails in steam mills in
Providence.
The Committee then proceeded to Newbury
port, where there are lour Steam Cotton Mills,
viz- the James Mill, Bartlett Mills. Nos. 1 and
2, andthe Essex Mill; and two more spacious
mills are now being erected. General James,
who is theoretically and practically acquainted
with the operation of steam power upon ma
chinery, gave liis opinion, that ail things con
sidered, it was as cheap or cheaper than water
power. The Committee speak of the James
Mill as the finest they ever saw. The building
is 312 feet bv 50, containing 16.000 spindles,
350 looms,96'carding machines, cards2sinches.
(Mr. James says the cards should be from 30 to
48 inches.) Number of operatives, 350. Con
sumes 3( tons of coal per day; manufacture
6000 yards of cloth per dav, fine labric, worth tn
market, the 7-8, 12 cents, the 4-4, 134 cents per
yard. . , ,
They then go into a calculation of lhe rela
tive cost of water and steam power. Their
comparison ot the Bartlett Steam Mill No. 1 at
Newburyport, which has 11,000 spindles, and
manufactures 167,843 yards of cloth per month,
with a mill of equal capacity at Lowell, driven
by waler, shows a difference in favor ol steam,
ot near S3OOO per annum. In this calculation
they do'not charge the water mill with the out
lay tor'buitding boarding houses, nor the ex
pense of transportation to and iro n navigable
waters.
It was the opinion of all with whom the Con
mittee converse'!, that a steam mill should not
be built with less than 15,000 spindles. It takes
less than fifty per cent, more coal to propel 10,-
000 spindles than it does 5000, and it costs no
more for an engineer and fireman in a large
mill than it does in a small one. James Reed
Esq , of Boston, and Gen. James ot Newbury
port, are now erecting a Steam Mill at Salem
with 27,000 spindles—a mill ol tar greater ca
pacity than any other in lhe United States.
The above are, in a con-ensed form, the most
important facts learned bvthe committee during
their visit to lhe East. The publication of their
report has piodnced a very favorable impression
in Utica; a movement is now making to raise
SIOO,OOO lor the purpose of erecting a Steam
Mill in that city.
Jj-Some editor has furnished the following
excellentjapology for the errors of the press by
which one is sometimes annoyed in the news
papers :
Every column ot a newspaper, contains Irom
ten totaenty thousand distinct pieces of metal,
the misplacing of any’ one ol which would
cause a blunder or typographical error. Muh
this curious fact before lhe reader, he must
wonder at the eeneral accuracy of newspapers,
and be more disposed to excuse than magnify
errors of lhe press. ___
One of Punch' ‘Anecdotes of Actors.’—
Harry Simp’on, never would take any
cine; and his medical man was often obliged
to r»«oil to some stratagem to impose a dose up
on him. There is a piece-I do not recollect
the name —in which Hie hero is sentenced, in
prison, to drink a enp of poison. Harry Simp
son was playing this character one night, and
had given directions to have ii filled with port
wine: but what was his horror, when I e c me
to drink it, to find it contained a dose of senna
He conld mt throw it away, as he had Io hold
lhe goblet upside down, to-how his persecuims
h-haddrainedeverydrop ot it. Simpson crank
lhe medicine with the slowness of a poisoned
martyr; but he never forgave his medical man
this trick, as was fully proved at his death, tot
he died without paying him bi’ bill.
MONDAY MORNING, OCTOBERS".
Gain cf 12 Hocrs in tbb Mail •—The
Montgomery Journal of the22d insl., says -
We learn trom our Postmaster,, that lhe De
partmem has effected the arrangement by which
a gain of 12 hours on the present schedule ot
the great Northern mail will be obtained be
tween New Orleans and New York. The old
route of the mail was from Covington, the for
mer terminusot the Georgia Railroad, by stage
through Columbus to Chebaw, on the Montgo
mery and W. Point Railroad. Under the new
arrangement, the mail continues on the Georgia
Railroad forty mites beyond Covington, to
Atlanta, the present terminus; and from thence
by stage though AVest Point to Chehaw. This
will secure a gain of at least 12 hours. The
Mail will now ire delivered in Mobile at 11
o'clock at night, which is now due at 11 o’clock*
on the succeeding day. The Post Office in this
> place-hita Ke* nfttde rhe DtifiHt>iltihg'<Jfficei'in
place of Columbus.
Water and Steam Power—Comparative
Cost.
A few days since, we gave lhe abstract ot a
report made by a committee ol gentlemen at lhe
North upon the comparative cost of water and
steam power for factories. A similar investiga
tion has engaged the attention ot the scientific
and practical menot Em ope, the result of which
is thus glanced at by the correspondent of the
London Times:
“1 will now point out the relative cost of
steam and water power. Dr. Kane (page 107)
states the cost of steam-power to be X3O per
horse-power, and the cost of water-power to be
X 3 per horse-power, on the Upper Bann, io
Ireland. In Glasgow, he says—‘ It is custo
mary to provide a house for the manufacture,
with a steam engine, great gearing, and steam
pipes, and keep the engine going twelve honrs
a-day, and heatthe work,for £SO for each horse
power.’ After going through the items ol the
cost of erectinga stram-tactory in Glasgow, and
calculating the tent at 8 per cent, on lhe cost of
everything, except the steam-power, and deduct
ing this sunt from the rent paid lor the factory,
including lhe steam-power, he estimates the cost
of each horse-power at £36 annually. The
whole cost ot water-power, lor one horse-power
in Greenock, including interest on the cost ot
the water-wheel, are, ‘trows,’ Ac., he estimates
al £5 6s sd, or £3O 13s 74 less than the cost of
one horse-power by steam, at Glasgow. From
various calculations, Dr. Kane estimates the
exp»nse of water-power at ’not more than
one-tenth of the cost of steam.’ Taking, how
ever, the example of Glasgow and Grenock—
for tlte people pride themselves on managing
things as economically there as anywhere—the
difference, in round nttmbeis, is a saving of £3O
per horse-power in favor of water-power. Ap
ply this calculation to the existing circum
stances here. One thousand horse-power, and
a perpendicular tall of seventy-five feet, can be
easily obtained here, at trifling cost, without any
reservoirs, or viaducts, as at Greenock, requir
ing large outlay. The height of tall will render
applicable the overshot water-wheel—the most
steady, economical, and best description of wa
ter-power; anti a thousand horse-jitswer, thus
secured, will give a saving, in lhe manufactur
ing power alone, ot £30,000 per annum over the
cost of the same amount ot steam-power. An
other advantage is, that water-power is found to
be more steady and regular than steam-power,
and more fit tor delicate work. Dr. Kane (page
110) states, that‘cotton, spun by water-power,
bears, and has always borue, a higher price than
cotton spun by steam-power,’ on this account.”
Trnve made their tfppeari.nce wltliin a few days;"
in our city, we have every reason to believe,
(says the Macon Messenger of the 23d Inst.,)
that an immediate impulse will be given to a
movement, in which we all have a deep inter
est. We allude Io some direct action ott the
part of lhe Company, who a tew months since
purchased the Monroe Railroad. A feverish
anxiety has been manifested on the part ot our
citizens, and by a number ot correspondents in
other counties, whose communications for pru
dential reasons we have withheld, at the tardi
ness which has been exhibited by these North
ern gentlemen in consummating their negotia
tion. These gentlemen are now here with their
counsel, making an investigation of the whole
affair. They are capitalists, of ample means,
and with a strong desire to lay hold offhe under
taking; which if they do, the Road will le put
in thorough repair, laid down with new iron,
and immediately completed to its terminus.
Dur citizens should entertain no apprehen
sions ol their ability or inclination to carry out
their part of lhe contract. We learn from a re
liable source, foal they are ready, and even anx
ious, to pay the price at which the Road vias
bid off by their agent, so soon as they are satis
fied they can get an indisputable title to it.
There is a great deal cf street gossip about it,
and many wise piedictions as to the result of
lhe deliberations of lhe parties. But the sim
ple fact is, as we have stated. II these gentle
men are advised by their counsel, who are law
yers of our own State, and of high reputation,
that the decree made at lhe last term of our Su
perior Court will give them a full and sufficient
title, and that by the purchase they will not be
involved in litigation—they will at once pay
down the money, consummate the bargain, and
apply their means to the immediate prosecution
of lhe work. A few days will remove lhe anx
iety of the public, and give us the result of their
investigation, which is now in progress.
A New Name.—The Macon Messenger
says:—Snakes shed their skins once a year—
so some political parties drop their cognomen
about as often. The Democracy appear to
have abused and worn out a very good name to
which they were never more entitled than
Caliban to that of Hyperion. They now seem
inclined to hide their deformity under that of
"Republican," which no more fits their compo
nent meterial than would the lion skin of Her
cules, Tom Thumb. Their god-father wc sup
pose is their late "Standard Bearer,” who
never did assume the title ot Democrat, but with
true local and traditional modesty styles liimsell
Republican.
Lamps More Light.
This age is distinguished for lhe very great
improvements made in lamps and burning
fluids, and almost every day some new inven
tion in this department is submitted tot ihe
public approval. The latest which has met
our observation is that advertised by Mr. Dow
in our paper to day. This “Fluid,” in lamps
adapted to its use, which Mr. D. also has for
sale, gives a light approximating nearer the
gas light than any we have seen. Indeed, so
far as we are capable of judging ol its merits,
from the exhibition we have witnessed, it is all
Mr. Dow saysof it in his advertisement, and
those of our citizens who desire to have a good
light, with very little expense and trouble, would
do well to call and examine the Fluid and
Lamps of Mr. Dow.
Death st Lightning.—The Albany (Geo.)
Patriot ot the 22nd inst. says:—On Monday
last, the Academy in Bainbridge, Decatnr Co.,
was struck bv lightninz, which killed a son of
Mr John Harrell. The whole school was
stunned by the shock. The electric fluid passed
over a little girl, setting fire to her clothes, and
tearing the shoes from her feet, wiihont doing
her any personal injury.
Manufactures in Russia —A letter from A.
p. Gibson, Esq., U. 8. Consul 8. St Peters
burg, unuerdaie ol August 30,says
“The quantity of cotton imported
direct from the United Stales is 0,992.818
pounds; whereas the highest import heretofore
was 3 150,680 pounds, io 1843. II this govern
ment should not change their present policy in
re«Dect to their encouragement of manufactu
ring establishments, Russia will become a great
consumer ot raw cotton ; for the number olspin
nine establishments is constantly on the in
crease. and it is estimated, by competent judges,
that bv the end ol this year, there writ be in
operation, in the whole empire, from 800,000 to
1,000,000 ot spindles.”
VOL.IX.-NO. 44.
The Hon. Franklin Pearce has declined lhe
appointment, conferred on him by Governor
Steele, ol Senator ol New Hampshire in lhe
Congress ot the United States, in place of the
Hon. Levi Woodbury. It is said in the official
paj>er ot the State that Governor Steele will
not hurry himself to make another appoint
ment, and it is even hinted that he would like
the place very well himself.
There was a slight fall ol snow at Buffalo on
the 15th instant. Snow has also fallen at Al
bany, N. Y. an inch in depth.
Another Revolutionary Patriot Gone.—-
That good citizen and venerable revolutionary
patriot Mr. Samuel Jones, breatheddtis last at
his residence in Wilkes countv, on Wednesday
morning the 15th Inst., in the BGih year of his
age '
The Psath Lame.—A person writing fron»i
which presented ItselF on his visit so the vidUs
ol the chwrc'll of St. Denis, in which the French
kings are entombed:
“ But the most singular of all other things is
a lamp, which is kept burning on lhe coffin of
Louis XVIIf, and which.it is said, is lobe
continued burning until Louis Philippe dies—
be being the next king (if he dies on his throne)
to whom 'he lamp will pass, until his successor
dies. Napoleon did not die on the throne, nei
ther did Charles X; consequently Louis X VIII
has not been buried, neither has the lamp ever
been allowed to go out. It looks dreary and
dark as midnight in that vault, and I involun
tarily shuddered as I looked through the iron
grating into the chamber ot death and viewed
the dark pall upon the tmnb. The light of the
lamp was more like a star flickering through a
dark cloud. It was indeed the chamber ot
death.”
Fire.—We regret to learji, says the Savan
nah Republican ot the 91st Inst., (by a letter
trom Darien, that the residence of Mr. Alexan
der Mitchell, at Baisden’s Bluff,(near Darien,)
was destroyed hy fire on Frida}’ night last,
together withall the furniture. The inmates
barely escaped in their night clothes. .
Ambassador's Lab >k and Pay.—-In lhe
course of his reply io the invitation ot the citi
zens ol B< ston to a public dinner, Mr. Everett
says:
“I take lhe liberty to make this remark, be
cause I have had occasion to know that it is be
lieved by some persons that the place ot Ameri
can Minister in London is one of comparative
leisure; and 1 am desirous that it should be
understood by such ot our travelling country
men as have received less ol the lime ot their
country’s representative than they have thought
they had a right to expect, that there are proba
bly few offices under the Government of greater
labor or leaving less lime for other occupations.
In reference also to attentionsofa different kind
to our countrymen visiting London—to which
you make an obliging allusion—l hope it may
not be thought indelicate to say, that the salary
of the American minister, (even before its re
duction in my case considerably below that of
all my predecessors, by the change in the legal
valuation of the pound sterling,) so tar from
furnishing him the mean's of extending as libe
ral a hospitality as he must wish to his coun
trymen, or reciprocating the civilities received
Mmsetl, is wholly inadequate to the economi
cal support of a family. lam the rather led to
make this observation, in which 1 have no lon
ger any personal interest, out of regard to my
late brethren and my successors in the diploma
tic corps, and consideration for the respectabili-
28th ult. ’The news contained irr them is high-”
ly important, and gives details ot a furtherln
surrection that had taken place in fevor ot Her
rera, the former President. We learn verbally
from Capt. Drew, that an outbreak took place
at Lcogano about the 25th ult., which was head
ed by some of the leading citizens of Port an
Prince, for the special purpose of deposing lhe
present government, ami re-installing Herrera.
Timely information of this movement was,
however, conveyed to lhe government by one ot
the rebels, who turned traitor to his party, and
troop, were immediately despatched to the
place, and some forty of the leaders captured,
twenty ot whom were summarily shot, and out
ot twelve who underwent a trial, nine were
condemned to a like late, but were awaiting lhe
orders of the President.
All the citizens of Port au Prince had been
ordered on duty as soldiers and police. For
two weeks previous to Capt. Drew’s departure,
no business had been done, and for some days
stores had been closed.
During the insurrection, an English steamer
arrived at Port au Prince, where she remained
till everything was quiet, when she proceeded
to Jamaica. It was supposed that Herard was
on board.
A strong lorce. both by sea and land had been
collected by the Hayliens, for lhe purpose ot at
tai king the Dominicans.
The government on the 28th ult. issued a
strong proclamation, lull ot confidence in the
people, thanking them lor their co-operation,
and declaring the revolution al an end.
A new tariff had been nassed, considerably
advancing lhe export duties on logwood and
coffee, the first at S2O per thousand, and the
latter sl6 per ditto. American produce was
very plenty, and selling low. —N. V. Herald,
Aeror Floatino. —Any human being who
will have the presence of mind to clasp the
hands behind the back, and turn the face to
wards the zenith, may float at ease, and in per
fect safety, in tolerable still water —aye, and
sleep there no matter how long. If, not know
ing how to swim, you would escape drowning,
when you find yourself in deep water, you have
only to consider yourself an empty pitcher; let
your mouth and nose—not the top part ol your
heavy head—be the highest pan ol you, and
you are safe; but thrust up one of your bony
hands, and down you go —turning up the handle
tips over the pitcher Having had the happi
ness to prevent one or two drownings by this
simple instruction, we publish it tor the benefit
of all who either love aquatic sports, or dread
them — Rostrn Evening Gazette.
Newspapers in New York.—Eighty thou
sand penny papers are daily circulated in the
city of New Yotk, which with the larger sheets,
such as the Commercial Advertiser, Courier
and Enquirer, Journal of Commerce, and Ev
ening Post, make a distribution of more than
one hundred thousand papers, for a population
of less than four hundred thousand souls. De
ducting children who can’t or which is the same
thing, won’t read, this estimate gives us more
than a paper each, to every man ar.d woman in
the great emporium; some indeed must there
fore read two or even three papers. All the
better lor them-if they winnow the wheat from
the chaff; and all the better for the printers—ll
they pay their subscriptions.— Charleston Eve
ning News.
Woman.—Great indeed is the task assigned
to woman; who can elevate its dignity 1 Not
to make la ws, not to lead arm ies, nut to got ern
empires, but to form those by whom laws are
made, armies led, and empires governed; to
guard against the slightest taint of bodily In
firmity the frail yet spotless creature whose
moral no less than physical being must be
derived from her; to inspire those principles, to
iuculcste those doctrines, to animate those senti
ments which generations yet unborn and na
tions yet uncivilized will learn to bless; to soften
firmness into mercy and chasten honor into re
finement; to exalt generosity into virtue; by a
soothing care to allay the anguish of the body
and the far worse anguish of the mind ; by her
tenderness to disarm passion ; by her purity to
triumph over sense; to cheer the scholar sink
ing under his toil; to console the statesman for
the ingratitude of a mistaken people; to be
compensation tor friends that aie perfidious;
for happiness that has passed away. Such Is
her vocation. The couch ol the tortured sufler
er the prison ol the descried friend, the cross
of the rejected Saviour—lhese are theatres on
which her greatest triumphs have been achieved.
Such is her destiny ; to visit the forsaken, io
tend to the neglected when monarchs abandon,
when counsellors betray, when justice perse
cutes, when brethen and disciples flee, to remain
unshaken and unchanged ; and to exhibit in t hi*
lower woild a type ol that love, pute, constant
and ineffable, which in anolhei world we are
taught to believe the lest of virtue.
A curiosity, in the way ol an «/'/>/', was
brought Jx> the office yesterday. It was dug up
on Saturday, in Eighth street, on the ground
in the rear ol the building formerly known as
lire Snfo/’J Sang Harbor. This ground was
filled in about 1825; consequently this apple
has been buried lor twenty years, yet, when ex
humed, excepting that its skin was black a*
ebony it was plump, solid, juicy and undecay
ed. Alter exposure to the air the fiuitebrivel
led somewhat, but is still tolid anil juicy. .if
was embedded in elay without any coveting
around it.—Nets Ymi Covrier. ‘