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tfhTrtTiiot - &
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BY J. W. & W. S. JONES.
limns, &c.
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CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL
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Augusta, (&co.:
THURSDAY MORNING, SEPT. 3, 1847.
What is the Truth I
‘‘Then, the Whigs (in 1845,) were the open
mouthed advocates of the tariff oflß42 —of a national
Bank, and of all those measures sustained by Mr.
Clay, the great embodiment of their principles.—
• Then, the Democrats stood where they now stand, on
the platform occupied by Mr. Jefferson, op|»osed to
protective tariffs, national Banks and all measures
not authorized by a strict construction of the constitu
ion.”
Oh dear! Mr. JffAlrson again! We will
call upon General Jackson to save all Whig
dotn front being thrown into spasms by what
the Federal Union calls the “platform occupied
by Mr. Jefferson. 11
We seize hold of old Hickory right off, for
fear of trusting to consequences, if we take time
to “ argufy the pint.” On the “platform 11 with
Mr. Jefferson, among the personifications of
principles, there was no such horrible robber
looking statute as a tariff! Was there not? —
Gen. Jackson, in his message to Congress of
December 7th. 1830, declared that Congress had
the right to impose protectire, duties, and said :
“In this conclusion, 1 urn confirmed as well by the
opinions of Presidents Washington, Jefferson, Madi
son, and Monroe, who have each repeatedly recom
mended the exercise of this right, under the consti
tution, as by the uniform practice of Congress, and
the genera/ understanding of the people.”
We can now breathe some freer, as we have
got old Hickory between us and our .Milledge
ville cotemporary .’
The Federal Union says one thing, and Gen.
Jackson another. There is more danger now,
of Democracy’s being thrown into spasms by the
“platform” than Whiggery.
Do they advocate the principles of the protective
tariff of *42. and condemn those of the revenue tariff
of ’46 ? No, onthi* subject, “mum is the word.”
Mum is not the word. They do advocate the
discriminations of the tariff 0f1842 in favor of
American industry, and abominate those of 1816
in juror of the British. Will the Federal Union
publish u few remarks made by British papers,
when they heard of the passage of the tariff of
1846 T Did the defeat of Napoleon at Water
loo, please the British half so much ?
“ Are (he Whigs, or their presses, now advocating
a national Bank ? Do they now urge its necessity
- as a regulator of exchanges ?**
No, and they never did advocate it more
strongly than the present Democratic Vict-
Mr. Dallas, did, when he was in
troducing a bill to re-charier one; nor more ar
dently than the present Democratic Secretary
of State, Mr. Walker, did, when he. addressed
the following letter to Mr. Geo. Poindexter,
his colleague from Mississippi in the United
States Senate :
“Natchez, March Ist, 1934.
“ Dear Sir: — As 1 promised at our paring to give
you iny views on any subject which might be inter
estin'toour rommon c.malitiients, I hasten to say
that Mississippi will, with great unanimity, sustain
you on the deposits question. In fact, the public
voice demands a restoration of the deposites ami
the creating a Dank to supply a general currency.
.1 State Bank can no more supply and govern a
general run ency than a State Gon rnment can di
rect and control the affairs of the Nation.
Ga on —your constituents aic with you- the coun
try must be relieved from the frightful scenes of dis
tress which Irive visited us. In haste, as the boat is
leaving. Yours, truly, R. J. Walker.’’
What a delectable little political morceati this
is. Jehu! Why Democracy is, or rather was,
perfectly leprosed with Whig notions!
We troubled our readers, a few days since,
with telling them what the most of them knew
before, that Gen. Jackson declared in a mes
sage that a United States Bank wanronsfrfu/ioH
«/. ami in many respects, conreniuit and useful
to the firn pic.. It may not he amiss to state that
in the above letter Mr. Walker is condemning
Gen. Jackson for unconstitutionally and vio
lently removing the public money, called the
Deposited, from the keeping of the United
States Bank, and cheering Mr. Poino»xtkr on
n his efforts to effect their restoration
*'‘Principles not men’ was the motto ot our repub
lican sires. Acting under its guidance, they have
made our country what she is.”
As true as gospel. And our republican sires
established a United States ll ink and Protectire
Tariffs. Does not the Federal Union know it ?
Will he. can he. dare hr deny it ? Yet these
are especially the two great political dragons,
the pretend *d dread of w hich, appears to throw
the Democratic leaders into “/its” just preceding
every election.
“To say that they may sustain for the Presidencv
a Wdmot Provisocamlid.tie, would now seem prrp*-
terous, but such a cltarge would not be more prepos
terous i han would have been the charge in 1532 that
in 1844 they would be the advoea es of Henry Clay
and Ins American System.”
Is the Federal Union crazy ! How else
would it insinuate that the Whig party of
Georgia and the South, will support a man for
President, pledged to exclude slavery from all
new territory if acquired t He might as well
try to prove that Africa is a ••nigger” as to
prove that to the people. Hence we shall n«»t
treat his remark seriously : but pass it by as die
wildness of desperation.
Col. Towns anti 11. V. Johioou, Ksq*
at the Murray Barbecue*
Ir was seen in the letter of our Murray Co.
correspondent, published in yesterday’s Chron
icle. that Colonel Tom ns and Mr. Johnson, the
commissiowrd and non-commissioned missiona
ries ofthe Democratic party to Cherokee, made
a etfort over the riesh pots at the Cohut
tah Mountain ' They were thrown into des
peration by the Dalton affair, as was evident
from Colonel Towns breaking down the stand '
This view of the subject is considerably
strengthened by the fact, that the Colonel is
rather a small man. But a small man can
sometimes out-temble the terrible itself. when
life or death apolitical we mean) is the only al
ternative ’
Our correspondent says “He took for his
text the w ar. and rolled all the responsibility ott
old Zack :'' If the war was proper, and had
been brought on as it should have been done,
land the Democratic leaders s.*v il wx«. - ' then
how I'amp/imt.r.r, Mr. Toxks was to " old
Z.rk -Mr. l > ot_«w» 5 ap m r/lrt<jp > Vr ’ Demo
crat*** editors, orator., and writers, ought to be
■shamed to be giving Mr. Pot ■ «//Me crrdrt
about the beginning and management of Un
war -J (Arg <to But it is plant what Mr
Tows, is at. He knows sossMvdg. and per
haps semr i. to be mashed hatter than a
pan-cake by this war. and if he can only roll
the mountain upon -Om Zacs.” Mr I’ot.i.
and Democracy will escape, let the conse
quence be wham nur to the Whigs We'ltpui
" Okl Zack” and Mr Pol k side bv side on this
question in a day or two. and wcus.rr them, it
will be seen, then while old ft.itigh and Read* -
war coat fits him exactly. Mr Poix's is a lettlr
t»* tygkt for comfort' But. according to our
correspondent, Mr. Johnson said that Genera*
Clinch “ was forced into one battle and killed
fifteen Indians.”
There is some difference between General
Clinch and Mr. Johnson, even according to
this account, if the latter could not be forced into
a battle, the only chance that he ever had for one.
and he would sooner fail to be Governor,
(which he wants worse than a hungry dogever
did its bone), than to acquire the station by
risking the rifle, tomahawk, or bow and arrow
of an Indian!
“Snakes and snapping-turtles!” for such a
carpet knight to stand up before the people to
ridicule and defame General Clinch! We
feel almost ashamed to allude to it! and if our
rentiers will only forgive us for doing so, we’ll
not do it again till the next time.
That breaking down of the stand was a sin
gular thing! We have seen seats at circuses
and shows give way because of the hundreds
and thousands upon them. But for a stand,
built especially to accommodate a candidate for
Governor, to break down, is really a subject for
some criticism. It shows at any rate one of
two things, either that those who put it up had
in view some fun, or cared but very little
whether the candidate and his Lieutenant were
tumbled over or not. The red ribbon and little
tinkling bell at Dalton, and the breaking down
of the stand at the barbecue, were “ uncom
mon” sights and circumstances at any rate.
We will not dispute, however, that they were
appropriate emblems of a traveling scramble
for votes, and an unscrupulous defamation of a
political opponent.
Southern Presbyterian*
We have omitted fcr some days to acknow
ledge the reception of a religions paper, with
the above title, which has recently been com
menced in Milledgeville. It is a weekly paper,
and is under the editorial management of the
Rev. N. Baird.
It is executed neatly, and presents a favora
ble appearance. We are pleased to learn, that
its subscription list is encouraging for a com
mencement, and we hope that it will meet with
ample success.
From the Columbus F.nquircr, 31st ult.
The Battalion of Mounted Georgia Vol
unteers*
The Battalion has six companies and were
mustered in as follows:
Ist. Captain, E. R. Gouldiag; l>t Lieutenant, B.
A. Hoxoy; 2d Lieutenants, J. O. T. Reider and L
W. Chandler. Sergeants, Y’onge, Burnett, Ivey ami
Duke. Corixirul.s, Toorane, Robinson, Law and
Logan.
2d. Captain, 11. Kendall; Ist Lieutenant, W. A.
Renfroe; 2d Lieutenants, D. Boothe and (’. B. Ba
ker. Sergeants, Smith, <’oilier, Parker and Roque
more. Corporals, Shipp, Po-cy, Moore and Calhoun.
3d. (’apt., C. 11. Nelson; Ist Lieut., Isaac Wal
ling, 2*l J. <’. Davis, 2*l J. W. Anderson; Se t'cants,
Allen, Gray, Crombie, Humphries; Corporals, Miles,
Fletcher, Chambers, Nix.
4th. <‘apt. C. A. Hamilton; Ist Lt. Jno. C. Hate
ley, 2*l Seth Jenkins, 2*l Joseph Richardson; Sernts.
Forsyth, Owens, Drummonds, Jolly; < ’orp’ls, Frost,
Ragan, Luke, Frost.
sth. c..pt. Win. T. Wolford; Ist Lt. W. W Rich,
2*l W. I*. < ‘urtis, 2*l Reuben Conner; Sergts. Rhodes,
Mann, Sarton, Evans; Corporals, Goodwin, Thomp
son, Sterling, Knowles.
6th (’apt. W. D. Fulton; Ist Lieut. Thus. Berry,
2*l William Cooper, 2d James H. Hill; Sergeants,
Austin, Boyle, Sumner, Burnet; Corporals, Cown,
Harlow.
It is understood two of tin* Companies will
leave on 10-morrow, and before the end of the
week lite remaining companies, with the excep
tion of one. will be cn route for the seat of war.
The energetic < hanteter of the Captain,
whose company will not be ready to march du
ring the present week, is a guaranty tli.it it will
follow at an early day.
Capt. J. S. Calhoun has received the ap
pointment of Lieutenant Colonel of the Bat
talion. and his SlaiT appointments follow :
Lieut. Hateivy. Adjutant; lA. Berry, Quarter-
Master; Allen Lee. Sergeant Major ; John E.
Julies, Qr. M’s Sergeant.
Correspondence of the Baltimore American.
Violent , Inrrican©---Dren<lfnl Loss of
Life—Death of Levi North.
Knightstown, Indiana, Aug. ‘25, 1847.
Last night, as Messrs. Welsh A Delavan’s Cir
cus Company were performing at this place,
a tremendous hurricane passed over us, upset
their canvass lent, and lore parts of it to alums.
At tiie lime it occurred, Mr. Levi North, a well
known equestrian, was going through his favo
rite four horse act. when the horses took fright,
and threw him on the planks in the ring, dash
ing his brains out. and killing him instantly.—
T'he ring-master was i .in over by some of the
horses, and had one of his arms broken and was
otherwise injured, but it is thought not dange
rously. Several others of the company were
hurt, and among the spectators two women and
a child were killed instantly and several others
more or less hurt. T'he storm lasted only a few
minutes ami a space of half mile wide, blowing
down buildings and killing several persons in
the country. T'he destruction to timber, horses,
cattle, sheep, crops. is immense.
From Santa b'c.
The St. Louis Republican of the ‘23d instant
says:
Captain Fischer’s company of light artillery ,
consisting of about forty men, and Lieut. Gra
tiot, of (’apt. Weightman's company. arrived
vesterday on the steamer .1. J. Hardin. They
left Santa Fe on the ‘2l Kh of June, and met with
no obstacles coming in.
We are indebted to the same paper for an
extra, dated August ‘23. I‘2 M.. in which we
find the following interesting intelligence :
Arriral from Oregon and California. — On
Sunday evening. Capt. T. G. Drake, of the
British ship Modeste. (not. however, a bearer
of despatches, as lias been slated.) and Mr
John G. Campbell, arrived in this city from
Oregon. They left Oregon on the 6th of May.
and travelled to Fort Hall in company with a
brigade of the Hudson Bay Company. They
left Fort Hall with only four men. but overtook
another party of seven, and arrived in the set
tlements with a party of fourteen.
They bring us but little information in addi
tion to that already received from Oregon.
Lv ery thing was quiet when they left, and the
prospect for the season favorable. The Co
lumbia hail been so high as to require them to
take the southern route. This, we presume,
they were induced to do from the pleasure and
facility of travelling afforded by the force of
the Hudson Bay Company.
The British ship Modesto left Fort Vancouver
on the 3d. and dropped down on the river, on
her way to England. t'he was to proceed. by
the Sandwich Islands home. There were no
American ships in the river. The British
squadron in the Pacific had not been heard
from for nearly eight months prior to their
leav itig.
Between Fort Hall and Soda Spring, they
were overtaken by a party of four men from
California. This party left California on the
Ith of June. They reported all things quiet
w hen lhev let) Gen. Kearney wasin supreme
command, and this party are understood to
state, most positively, that Col. Fremont was
net under arrest up to the time of their leaving.
8
terey. and several ships of tre I n ted S
squadron were at St. Francisco. This party
arrived at St. Joseph with Capt. D. and Mt.
C. and may be expected m this city shortly.
Captain D. and Mr C met a great many em
igrants ami their w agons. They were progress
ing rapidly and very comfortably. but Mr.
Campbell thinks that those lorOregon. because
of their number, may sutler a great deal from
rhe want of grass for their stock, on the other
side of the mountains. They met the advance
party of the Mormon emigrants, and subse
quentiv the main body of about five hnn ired
wagons. The advanced party were hastening
on bv forced marches, to select a place It >.
winter encampment somewhere in the vicinity
Gin .’ Sall Lake \ lew days prex is
to their meeting w ith the main body, the Mo r
moiis and a large party of Pawnees, going out
on a hunting expedition to the Little Blue R -
ver. met and held a festival together. Onr in
to nnan is passed the ground where the te->«v d
was held, but were ferianate enough (from
Mr. Campbell s lung and intimate knowledge
of the escape talhugin with the In
dian partv.
The Mormons represented themselves as
being supplied with at least eighteen months’
provisions. Thev had with them p’gs. potil
rv and cattle, and appeared to hav- an abun
dance of every thing. They seemed to be
aarmonious among themselves, but it was un
derstood that those of the church who had
reached California, had split, and there was a
-trungquarrel gemg on between them. The
• - st oft gr
I’d ed States were verv decided’y opi' »<ed
o the settling of the Mormons there. It was
bought they would resort to force to res.st
their setliement
! From Fort Hall Capt. Drake and Mr.
Campbell met with no incident, except the loss
ofa favorite mare of the Captain’s, which was
stolen whilst they were encamped nt a Sioux
village Capt. Drake returns to England by
the earliest steamer to Liverpool. .Mr. Camp
bell will return to Oregon this fall by some of
the southern routes.
From the Coosa River Journal.
The Markets for Western Georgia.
Our western country has been filled of late,
by merchants, agents, and drummers for busi
ness, from Augusta and Maron, Savannah and
Charleston. They have all performed their
part with all the zeal which the hope of reward
can stimulate. Some in the true business like
manner of commercial transactions have held
out inducements for shipments to their town
in the reciprocation of interests, and benefits.
Some have spoken of their markets as being
invariable the highest in prices, while others
have appealed to patriotism and kindred asso
ciations—trade however, has never been a
patriotic subject. It seeks the market where
it can sell highest and purchase cheapest.—
Prices depend upon supply and demand.—
The quantity of productions must regulate the
first, ns the number of consumers will the last.
Our farmers after harvot know what they have
raised, and statistics shew them where
the population is that have the ability to pur
chase and consume. The Western & Atlan
tic Rail Road takes all the transportation to
Atlanta—here is the point of divergence for the
trade on two routes—the one by Macon to
Sayaimnh. the other, by Augusta to Charleston.
Come this route, says Savannah and Macon—
our markets are best, produce is always higher
in our markets, you trade with your own peo
ple. and patriotism enjoins this on you. This
patriotic appeal is equally as strong in the other
direction as far as Augusta; however weak it
maybe beyond the River Savannah—for the
Georgia Rail Road and al! the country it inter
sects with Augusta as its capital, is within the
State of the < Iglethorpes. We will therefore
leave patriotism out of the estimate, while we
submit a few home truth calculations for the
people of Cherokee to consider
Population makes consumers, and towns
stimulate trade. From Atlanta to Savannah
you pass on Kail Road. Jonesborough, GriiHn,
Barnesville, and Macon, and from thence by
tations, but not a solitary town to the city of
Savannah. The aggregate population of these
places cannot much exceed 18,000 souls—we
will place them at 20,000. On the route
to Augusta, you pass the towns of Decatur,
(’ovington, Madison, Greensborough, Craw
fordville, Warrenton, and Bellair, numbering
at least 18,000 inhabitants—while in crossing
the Savannah. Hamburg. Aiken. Williston,
Blackville, Midway, Branchville, Summer
ville, and Charleston, add 50.000 more town
consumers to those who must depend on this
country for supplies. You have therefore, 20,-
000 consumers by one route compared with 68,-
000by the other, in this estimate we have not
enumerated the population of the counties or
districts—it’we had the difference would have
been still stronger in favor of the Augusta
route. (>n which route, therefore, does the
probability lie of the largest market, and highest
prices? The greatest nuniher of consumers
will certainly be where the population is to be
found. While therefore, we think the flum
mery about highest prices, patriotism. Ac., mere
words, webs to catch flies, the laws of trade
convince us that the probabilitiesofthe best mar
kets are to be found on the Augusta route,
in striking, however, for the largest market, 1
would not overlook the smaller; we have
grain enough lor both—we can, ami will feed
Savannah and Charleston, and should be
pleased at lite larger number to be found at
the last named place. Patriotism is to be at
tentive to our interests,to improve our estates
and produce abundantly, and sell to all who
will pay. How absurd is it that we should
repudiate the trade of near 70.60(1 population ;
ih.it we should refuse to sell to, or Io iced them,
because they live beyond the limits of our
State, while we overwhelm 20.000 with our
superabundance because they reside in Geor
gia. We go for the doctrine of selling where
we can sell highest, am! buying where we can
buy cheapest. We are for all the markets, and
not fora few select ones, and the producer ofthe
interior, if he consiilts his true interests wi II
always examine the Prices Current at Atlanta :
before he decides by which route to take his
crop to market. FREE TRADE.
From thc-Coluinlius
Biding Double*
We learn from our up-country exchanges,
that Col Towns is perambulating tin! Cln.ro
kee region and occasionally attempting to en
lighten the people as to his superior qualifica
tions for tin! otlice of Governor. Since we
come to think ofit, this may all be well enough.
When a man’s past services fail to itupres- the
public witli any proofs of his capacity to dis
charge the duties of an office he is seeking,
itwould seem like sheerunkindness to prevent
him from blowing his own trumpet, and pro
claiming from the house-tops, his ability, his
patriotism and his public spirit. How else is a
candid.tie, who his hitherto tilled a very limited
corner of the public eye. to make known the
extent of his love for the dear people, and the
zeal with which he intends to defend their i ighls
unless he mounts the stump or lakes them dow n
behind the log and tells them It would never
do to depend on the memory of the people
concerning events that are passed and gone.—
L'hey might recollect a little too much in some
instances, ami fail to remember quite enough
ui others. They might have a very positive
impression, for example, that Col. Towns had
been in public life a number of y ears, and yet,
for the lives ofthem, might be unable torakeup
from the storehouses of their remembrance one
single act beneficial to his country or his con
stituents. Judging of the future by the past,
nothing would be more natural than for them
to suppose that the servant who had proved
unfaithful as the ruler over a few things, would
make a dead failure when entrusted with the
entire executive power ofthe commonwealth.
It is clear to our minds, then. that the demo
cratic candidate has taken the only plan by
which any considerable portion ofthe people
of Georgia are likely ever to hear that he is
qu ditied to fill the office he seeks.
Taking this view ofthe subject, we are not
exactly satisfied that onr Whig colemporaries
are right in rebuking tiie Colonel lor his stump
speaking propensities. It is admitted that
none of his predecessors had done the like, but
probably the deeds of their past lives were of a
character to argue for them. l s . is admitted
that no respectable candidate for the office
in question had ever, so fir as Georgia is con
cerned. stooped from his high position to beg.
from tin* stump, the unwilling voices of the
sovereign; yet it may be that none of the m
standing on their past deeds and looking tor the
goal of their future hopes, saw the cheering
star of success so feebly glimmering on their
gloomy pathway. What is ammto do when
his pa-it public life is as barren a* a sedgefield
—when his negative career has been marked
by nothing. >ave m»w ari l then the legerdemain
of political trickery, or the wire-working feats
of the time-serving eiectioneerer ’ when, in
short he stands before the people a candidate for
die highest station in the State without one
quality ofhead or heart, without one act of a
public or private character on winch to base
ins claims to the confidence of an enlightened
constituency .’ We repeat the question
What can he do but m ike speeches and make
promises ’ He ean't do any thing else'. He
must talk .' And if he can -trike a crowd green
enough to take the promi-es of future good
conduct against a public life of utter useless
ness. the chance is that a support, though fee
ble yet far beyond his merit-, may reward the
travelling order. Expressing a hope that none
of his successors m a like caud'dacy may be
driven to the necessity of following their ?xam
ple. we are content for Col Tow ns to pursue
' his blarney sy stem until the voters make t! - r
big speech on the First Monday in October. It
hJ makes another speech after that, we are ra
ther inclined to fhink. it will beat some dinner
of condolence, given by his friends, to break the
kilang jolt of his foil, and make up. if po-sible.
for the shortness of his tally sheet.
But this thing ofearrying double—of having
! a striker to aid him in spreading the light ot po
j lineal truth, or rather the darkness of political
error, abroad in the land —is the thing < ! which
we do complain. The Colonel, it wouldseem.
not vv. ng single handed to risk his stump
oratory against the speaking patriotism and elo
quent pubbe life of General Clinch, but he finds
ssary t ■ ca : to his t d his I vie unsticcv ->•
j fid rival, the renowned • koon-killer” of other
day - Why his he found it m ?e—..r yt» d >ti
; ble-team Doeshefiud it an up-hill b tsiuess.
■ _• _ * -
g Surely his
-
boast, has no: faded before he is half through
the race ’ What then, is the matter, that it is
so soon neces-try to c di in the help of anoth
er ’ Bui let them rake on. The people know
them both; they km .v the consequences of
that mischievous policy that is sought to be
brought back and mingled in the government
S
‘ it and characterof Georgia sunk under the con
; temptiblehumbuggvry and financial folly which
’ was so signally rebuked n the elevatioa of
Gov Crawford, they will, m their minds, com
pare die present with the past, and in doing so.
will puttheir veto on the pretentious of G.
W B. Tow us and the stump speeches of Her
i echel V Johnson.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNINfc, SEPTEMBER 8, 1847.
Augusta, (©co.:
FRIDAY MORNING, SEPT. 3, 1847.
War--The Aclministration.
Oh War ! cruel, relentless and insensible !
—thy work is death, thy food human blood ;
and it is thy infernal delight to look back with
fiery eyes upon the desolation of thy track.
Thou standest over the cradle of infancy, and
when its unconscious smile is sweetest, look
ing upon the wretched mother, thou smileth a
fiendish and ghastly smile, that the husband and
father lies upon the field of death, mangled by
thy agents of destruction, with lustreless eye
and cheek of pallid hue, painted with blood.
Thy deadly wings are Happed with untiring
energy over plains of carnage and heaps of
slain ; and every gleam of lire from the blaring
engines of destruction is symbolical of the red
lightnings of thy fiendish eyes. Groans and
shrieks, voices of agony, and accents of dying
affection, are sweeter music to thee than even
the trumpet-sound that called these victims to
the deadly fury of battle. The stars of Heaven
do not twinkle as brightly a» thine eyes, nor the
ear of hope listen as intently as thou dost, whelF
a falling victim tells a comrade at his side, ih
faltering accents, “ Take this miniature to my
wife—this lock of hair to my child—this last
dying message to the objects of my affections.”
The wilder the tempest-storm of the conflict
—the greater the number of the hellish spoiler’s
prey—the more the delight of thy death-loving
spirit Thy brow of w rath is lighted with joy
when cannons disgorge their murderous con
tents, and thousands fall to wake no more.
Oh War! fruitful source of crime, murder,
death and wretchedness—how happens it in an
age of Christian light that humanity shudders
at the thundering approach of thy desolating
car ? Why is it that thou art turned loose from
thy demon-den, supplied with chains and tor
tures and deadly instruments, to breathe thy
hot and murderous breath upon forms of
manly beauty and hearts of gentle tenderness ?
Why is it that thou art prowling into the Edens
of domestic felicity, and withering the fragrant
Howers of hope ami happiness. “I shall see
my son no more,” says the aged father, “the
prop of my declining years has fallen in a far
distant land, the victim of disease or the wea
pon of the foe.”
“Thy father’s cheerful voice will gladden
your young hearts no more, my children,” says
the widowed wife; “nor will his arm protect
us longer in this cold and uncharitable world."
Oil War! such are the cruel trophies of thy
vengeance! We will not deny to thee the
right to stretch out thy terrible arm w hen na
tional honor bleeds for redress—when neces
sity, dire necessity, calls upon thee in the last
resort, and as an only hope, to protect it against
ambition, grasping avarice, unfeeling tyranny,
and plundering conquest. But wo! wo to
the power that, for a less reason than necessity,
unchains thee—gives thee the scent of blood
and humanity for a prey—to feed thy hellish
and insatiate appetite !
The Republic of the United States is now at
war with the Republic of Mexico. Crimes of
every hue—robbery, rape, assassination, mur
der, and death in every form, from disease and
conflicts of arms—are now going on in the lat
ter Republic as a consequence of the existence
of war. One party or the other, some manor
men, must bear the responsibility of this un
happy stale of things, crushing and overwhelm
ing <o the last degree.
If there w as a necessity for this war. let it be
shown, in order to keep the millstone from
the necksof die guilty; ifni> necessity, itnrpuW*
Ft that conjured it into existence, must sink
forever in the just judgment of the world. No
matter who it may be. his doom is sealed—there
is no escape, lie has trifled with human life,
hope, and happiness, till this judgment must be
pronounced and executed upon him. A ruler
may with impunity, toy with principles and
measures, he may thus experiment with ordi
nary political passion, prejudice and partisan
ship. but he cannot toy with a demon-power,
that deprives a country of its citizens, and robs
domestic life of its happiness, that makes the
happy heart lonely ami wretched, and lakes
from frail dependence the props of its support
and protection.
We intend lo show, in two or three successive
I articles, that the war with Mexico was pro
' vokedand originated without necessity, by our
! present National Executive; that Gen. Taylor
■ is not responsible for the march to the Rio
Grande, as is charged by our political oppo
nents; and that the executive was influenced by
corrupt objects of personal ambition and party
triumph. We believe this is already the opin
ion of the country , and that this verdict hasbeen
rendered in the ’ate elections throughout the
Union.
Ifsiich is its opinion, what a deep lesson it is
calculated to teach the people! It shows them
the danger of submitting to the dicM/ion of an
irresponsible caucus of politicians, and of se
lecting for the highest station in the land, one
wAo had neither won it by public service. nor was
competent to Jill it with honor to himself, or ad
vantage io the people.
The Worm Stories.
The Macon “ Ttlegraph" notices a few re
marks of onrs in reference to the “worm sto
ries." and not only misquotes us, but misrepre
sents us. The Editor says;
••Th*’ ( and Sentinel suspects the deepest
and basest depravity has prompted the publication of
these worm stories.”
What we did say. was this:
“We continue to • nil from our exchanges, items of
intelligent.’ in reference t.» the pn*p»ct of the gn w
is Our readers must frm th* h
f .>w:i c ’nrhtsi his a< t«> the truth or falsity »f these vari-
I i>tis accounts. For ourselves, we confess, that while
; we believe implicitly the statements ofaoroe "I the-c
j worm stones —yet we suspect the deepest and basest
\ depravity lias prompted the publication of many oth
i f -.N. The planters throughout the cotton growing »e
--■ jion owe it to themselves and their teputation, as a
I class, to arrest this state of thing at on.*e, and give the
| truth to the world promptly.”
\Vc did not therefore, in the language of the
j Editor. " lend our strong influence against (he
[farming interest, and rery unjustly."
i Our influence was lent, neither in favor of.
or against the "farming interest" or the "cotton
i buyer." Our object was io ascertain truth, and
’ gi\ c it to the world. winch we regarded as equal
i ly important to the cotton planter and cotton
I buyer. If the Editor of the Telegraph had re
flected a moment, while penning his article, he
j would have known that worm and anti-worm
stories could as easily be manufactured by cot
’ ton bidders :uid cotton cotton growers.
I And we presume the Editor will not affect to
disbelieve that many of them are greatly e.xag"
geraled, while others are ••manufactured from
whole cloth.” The buyers and holders ( w heth
er the latter das? be planters or speculators)
constitute w ha! are know u in the stock markets,
as the Bulls and the Bears. and not unfrequent
lv. some of both classes are not particularly
scrupulous as to the means adopted to elevate
or depress the price ofthe commodity in which
they deal.
I: was the knowledge of this fact that in*
duced us to call upon ’.heplanters to give • truth
to the world.” in justice to their ow n reputation
as a class, and we should be pleased in this con
nection. to see the name of every planter ap
pended to his letter, for we arealways in doubt
what credence to give to statements, unless the
w riter is made public, or his statements avouch
ed by some one to whom he is know n. And
even this voucher is not always good, for the
j story of the •• destruction by caterpillars of a
; crop in Louisiana in a/eir hours." had a vouch
ier for the veracity of the author. Yet every
Iman who knew anything ofthe habits and natu
ral history of the caterpillar, knew it was false.
LATER FROM EUROPE.
ARRIVAL OF
FR. STEAMSHIF JJUADALaUIVER.
Ten Days Later
Further Decline, in Bread stuffs — Firmness in
Cotton—Great Failures in London,
Good Crops, Sfc. y
The Liverpool European Times of the 14th
instantstates that by the last British Mail Steam
ship to Boston upwards of Xl’d.OfMF of pro
tested bills for non-acceptance were returned.
It appears that the bills vVere drawn *at New-
York for corn speculation for a London princi
pal. but as the agent had exceeded his instruc
tions, they were dishonored.
There is another financial crisis in England,
and several very extensive failures Imwo taken
place.
The to'al amount of the the va
rious firms whose failures
on the Corn Exchange, London, late
pressure, was estimated at hr about
$6,500,000.
Spain and Portugal continued as they were ;
in a state of confusion. «
The official notice of the Bank of England,
raising the minimum rate of discounted 5A per
cent., had revived alt those discussions which
iu April last were so warmly agitated respect
ing the power of that establishmentAmd the
prudence with which-that power is exercised.
The French steamer Union arriGher
bourgs from New York, r a pH
days.
The packet ships John R. Skiddy, Sea, Ba
varia, Hendrick Hudson, Montreal, and Fide
lia, had arrived out.
The elections for the English, Irish, and
Scotch boroughs are now concluded. There
are yet a few of the counties undecided. The
Liberal party has gained 49 votes, which gives
Lord Russell 98 votes on a division.
Great mortality prevails this year in Galicia
among the peasants and the lower classes. In
the district of Wadowiz, about 40,000 persons
died w ithin a short time.
The total length of the new railways author
ized during the last session of Parliament is
1,518.| miles.
The London Times of the 11th contains an
ably written money article in which the pre
sent financial crisis is considered. We take
from it the following paragraph:—
In what do our circumstances differ at the
present moment from the prospect they pre
sented at the commencement of the year, ex
cept that the stock of bullion upon the holding
out of which must depend our safety, is now
£9,009.(11)0, and it was then £15,000.000 ? We
have, it is true, the certainty almost of an
average harvest; but. setting aside the proba
bility that an importation of food must to a
greater or less extent take place in 1848, there
would be no better prospect of a monetary se
curity. It is not llie fact of a corn importa
tion that w'ill explain an increase in the con
sumption of sugar in the first six months of
1847 to the extent of 539,000 cwts. over that
of 1846. It is not the pres tire of famine and
indigence that will explain an increase during
the like period in the consumption of brandy
of 135,000 gallons; of rum to the extent of
3 5000 gallons; of coffee 2,000,000 pounds;
and of tea, cocoa, tobacco, &c. in something
like the same proportion ; to say nothing of the
importation of 117,000 extra cwts. of meat,
and of 107,000 cwts. of butter and cheese.
These are more or less luxuries; and it is
usually one consequence of a food pres
sure to induce an economy which shuts
them out, and which, by causing the masses to
be content almost w ith bread alone, soon pro
duces a reaction. It is not a deficient harvest,
or the dread of it, w hich sends up the price of
Iron to a point which the United States and
other countries decline to take it of us. It
has not been the food question ‘which has caus
ed us to allow our stock of raw material to be
so reduced (even while the rate of money w as
only 3 per cent.) that now the slightest demand
for our manufactures causes a rise in their
price which at once checks foreigners from
buying. Again, it is not this ca.use which
sends money up to per cent, at a time when
general business is. contracted, and when the
circulation may be termed full. The fad that
noni: «>i* «l«« •» thiugu will Ciirttinh tho oxpluita
lation, stares us plainly in the face, and there is
hardly a person who doesnot know in bis con
science the real cause of our present state.
iLtt vre nt-e mUAja of shareholders, from the
highest to the lowest, dl Jkuep from
each other the secret of our rum.
The battle is clearly, as we have all along
proclaimed it, one of life or death between
railways and trade. It is useless to attempt
disguise. One or the other must fall. Firm
after firm will be beaten down, and the sacri
fices of the past week will prove only the
forerunners of w hat are yet to come.
.1 New German Port.— Late advices from
Germany communicate a fact of some interest
to the mercantile world. It announces to the
mercantile and shipping interest the important
fact of the rights and privileges of a free port
having been accorded to a district on the \V user,
where the small stream the Geeste runs into
the river. This place is very near Bremerhaven
where all vessels of heavy burthen bound to
Bremen are obliged to bring up. The Han
overian Government is deepening the waler
at. and in the approaches to Harbotirg. it is be
lieved with the intention of making H irbourg
also a free port.
Italy.
Letters from Rome of the 28th ult., mention
that the Austrian Cabinet had addressed a note to
the Pontifical Government in which it declared
that, in the event of any disturbances in the do
minions of the church remaining un repressed,
or crimes being unpunished. Austria would
consider the Pope incapable of maintaining or
der in his States, and feel it her duty to inter
fere. General Redetsky,Counnander-in-Chicf
of the Austrian army in Lombardy, had been
empowered to act according to circumstances.
It was reported that Cardinal Ferrelli had, in
consequence of that notification, ordered the
Swiss regiments, and all the troops disposable
to march towards the northern frontier.
The Courier Livornesse of the 30th ult. an
nounces that the Pope had summoned Cardi
nal Lambruschini to Rome. The protest of the
new Secretary of State against the occupation
of Ferrar hy the Austrians had been read iu
presence of the members oftiie corps diploma
t'upie. with the exception of the Ministers of Aus
tra and Naples, who had received no invitation.
One of the persons present, having observed
that the document was not written in a diplo
matic stvle. Cardinal Ferretti replied that it was
in his style.
The Latest Commercial Review.
From the l.icerpuol Times. August L
The alarm of a monetary crisis immediate
i ly suucec iing the •’xciictncnt of a general elec
tion.commercial affairs have not improved since !
| our ptiblit ition of the 4th inst. The pressure !
■ for money has increased considerably, and gen-
■ oral di-trust continues to prevail, notwithstand
ing derlining prices of grain, and the certainly
I of a harvest of more than average abundance, j
! 'Fhe produce markets have exhibited a consid- !
' erable share ofactivity. and the main articles of !
• general consumption readily find buyers.
The steamship Britannia, Capt. * Harrison, I
; with dates from Boston of the Ist, arrived here !
1 last night after a rapid passage of 12 days six i
i hour.-. Her letters wore delivered at the com- ;
mencement ofbusiness this morning, and upto •
• eleven o'clock, neither the corn nor cotton ;
' markets had experienced any change in prices 1
| The former will, however, no doubt experi- :
■ ence a further decline: but the latter, it is ex-
, peeled, will slightly improve in prices. The i
' London papers of this morning published her |
j r e vs through our private express, which went
: aw.iv soon after the steamer s arrival.
The failures i»i the corn markets of London.
Liverpool and Sligo, together vviffi a very lartre
. arrival of foreign grain, have produced a com-
■ plete paralysis ot business, and the dealers on
’ supply themselves for their immediate wants.
! I: almost tends to mislead our readers at a dis
. tance to quote actual prices, since each succes
sive market day exhibits the unsteadiness of tlie
trade. The further reduction in prices record-
■ ed in our last number ot the 4ffi instant, when
‘ wheat was still declining from 70s. per quarter
‘ for the be.-t description m the market, was
' checked by the fall of rain in most parts of the
country, and at the corn market in London on
■ Monday last prices were firmer at the currency
|of the previous Monday. New v.heat sold at
■ about 6cs. per quarter. But still the business
was limited. During the last lew days the
weather has been less unsettled, and the inter
vals of fine weather have been warm and
genial.
I 'Fhe markets have accordingly again de
clined. ami the highest prices of the best de
scriptions of wheat in London cannot be quoted
• at more than 675. to i->s. per qr.. and the best
American flour has fallen in Liverpool to 265.
per bbl. Much lower rates for best Western
i canal flour are reported, with very low quota
! lions for Indian meal, but no real transactions
j have taken place, and we only allude to them
: as indicating die downward tendency of the
market The arrivals of foreign wheat and
| flour are still enormous, and during the next
three months, as the abundant new produce of
, the continent becomes available, w ill doubtless
i continue. The fluctuations of prices before
' the close of the year w ill inevitably be very
great: about that time, when the naviga:ion of
the rivers will be closed, and the stocks and
wants of England and the neighboring conn "
tries are better ascertained, the market may the n
1 become more steady. The relations of de
mand and supply under the new system of free
trade in grain will find their level, and future
prices may be regulated accordingly.
The accounts of the produce of the conti
nental crops are still of the most satisfactory
character, and during the past week we have
not heard of a single instance of damage to
the potato crop, whilst at the same period last
year the disease had become distinctly develop
ed. The corn market in Mark lane yesterday
was dull, and prices barely equal to Monday s
rates; but on Friday this is generally the case,
little business is done. No further failures had
transpired. American flour being relatively
cheaper than English has been taken off the
London market rather largely at 275. to 295.
The Cotton market has been in a quiet state
during the eight or ten days, and although the
tenor of the advices which have recently come
to hand respecting the prospect of the supplies
throughout the United Slates would warrant an
advance in prices, still, as the money market
has been in such a feverish and unea-y position,
and the weather more or less unsettled at se
veral times during that period, there hasbeen
a decline in the value of most descriptions.—
There cannot be a doubt but if all uncertainty
was removed respecting the harvest in this
country, and the bank screw again relaxed,
we should have a much more extensive busi
ness done not only by the trade for consump
tion, but also in speculation and for export.
The sales since the 4th inst. are about 32,500
bales. The sales of the past week, are 22,520
bales, and include 9,640 New Orleans at 6d to
,8|d;„3.900 Alabama to 7£d. These de
"7??! ptions last year were quoted at 3Jd to 7d,
and 4d, to s]d. respectively. The estimated
stock of cotton now at Liverpool is about 396,-
800 bales; against 776,300 at the same period
last year, showing a deficiency of 379.500
bales. Against this deficiency there is a redu
ced consumption; up to this date in 1846, the
average weekly consumption amounted to 29,-
085 bales ; this year it is only 22.222 bales.—
The importations this year up to the present
dates are estimated at 716,913 bales, which is
183.555 less than at the same time in 1846.
The general convulsion which has taken
place in the Money market, together with the
decline in the price of grain, have produced
already many serious failures. The following
houses have been compelled to suspend their
payments: —Messrs. Charles Douglas & Co ;
Messrs. Lesley. Alexander &> Co.; Messrs.
Coventry Shephard ; and Messrs. King &
Melvil—in the London corn trade ; Messrs. Per
rin & Co., in the same branch of business at
Liverpool; Messrs. Sampson, Langdale &
Co., at Stockton-on-Tees. The Hon. William
Frazer, Neilson & Co., respectable West In
dia merchants in London, have been under
the necessity of yielding to the pressure of the
times; and the affairs of Mr. Edward Robin
son, recently deceased, who traded with the
Mauritius, have proved to be in a .condition
to render a suspension of payments necessary
on the part of his executors. Many minor fail
ures have occurred. Meeting of the Bank of
England directors, on the sth inst. the mini
mum rale of discount was declared lobe 5|
per cent. At this rate only short dated hills
were discounted, the rates reaching even 61
for long dated paper.
The money price of consols had fallen alrea
dy to 88|. when the above official announce
ment confirmed the report, which we have al
ready given of the previous Monday, and con
sols immediately underwent great depression,
having been done at 86A : they then rallied to
87. about which price they have fluctuated since.
The foreign market has been sensibly affec
ted by the general pressure for money, and
more particularly by the sales of foreign secu
rities in the various European stock markets, in
anticipation of the effect of the French loan.
The slate of trade in the manufacturing dis
tricts has not been so buoyant during the pre
sent month as when the last outward steamer
sailed. A combination of circumstances which
we hope are only to be of temporary duration,
namely, the stringent state of the money mar
ket, and the difficulty of obtaining higher rates
for manufactured goods, together with the hea
vy failures in the grain trade, have tended to
cast a gloom in both Yorkshire and Lancashire.
'Fhe continuance of fine weather, enabling us
to reap and secure the splendid grain crops of
these kingdoms, a greater accommodation in
the ino»»oy market, ami the receipt of orders
from abroad, will once more give a healthy
tone to both the cotton and woollen, trades of
England.
Tlic Corn Trade of Europe.
From ll'timer's Times, Aug. 14.
*’**’***^—« r rhis market has been in a dull
and depressed condition <Ug> of r>nr
last report, and prices have further receded,
with a continued downward tendency. The
business transacted on the 9th was limited and
the rates last quoted were sustained with diffi
culty. Flour was ss. per sack under Hie previ
ous week's rates whilst little or no demand was
made for Indian corn. Owing to the large ar
rivals, flour was depressed on the 1 Ith. and for
wheal the inquiry was limited but full rates
were paid. < )ther articles of the trade were
neglected. Mark lan was in a quiet state yes
terday, Aug. 13. Both wheat and flour ruled
dull, and prices were a shade lower than on
the 9th. No bu-inesswas reported in Indian
Corn or Indian meal.
Liverpool.— The weather has been rather un
settled during the last eight or ten days; con
sequently holders of' grain and grain produce
have been disposed to make the most of it,
with the view of enhancing the value of every
article in demand. The extensive arrivals
which have lately taken place, both from the
United States ami the continent of Europe,
have tended to keep prices from rising. At the
market held on the 6th instant, wheat was lan
guidly sold at an advance of 2d. to 3d. per 70
lbs.; an improvement of 2s. to 2s. 6d. per bbl.
was paid for Hour, but ’he transactions were lim
ited. Indian cornand Indian meal were taken
sparingly at our last quotations. On the Kith
wheat was in moderate demand at the rates of
the 6th instant, but flour was somewhat cheaper
—say Is to 2s. per bbl. Yesterday there was
a fair attendance of buyers. Sales of wheat
were made at a decline of 3d. to 6d. per bush
el; and flour, of which tho supplies are large;
found difficulty in obtaining from 25 to 275.
per barrel. Indeed the chief sales were made
at 265. In the morning a sale of both flour
and Indian meal was made; the former is re
ported to have realized only 205., and the lat
ter 2s. 6d. per bbl.
Continental.—The advices which have
come to hand since the date of our last publica
tion show that to the lower Baltic ports there
was little or no disposition to speculate in any
article of <he grain trade. At Stettin business
appeared to be at a complete stand still. A letter
from Genoa informs us that holders of wheat
had shown a good deal of anxiety to realize,
and that, though parcels on the spot w ere held
comparatively high, cargoes to arrive had been
offered on moderate terms. Poli: h < hlessa, im
mediately available, weighing to 62 lbs. ,
had been sold at 51s. fid. to 535.. and Mariano
poli. of the same weight, at 51s. 3d., whilst ,
sales for future delivery had been made at,
about 425. per quarter, free on board.
Extract of a letter dated,
Liverpool. August 13.
We have had further considerable arrivals,
making in the week over 2(M).()<»U barrels of
Flour, and large of other articles, foreign ami
from Canada, but only trifling from Ireland and
coastwise. The trade smee Tuesday, though
not very dull, has been quite unequal to thesup
plv.and prices of almost every ar.icle have fur
ther given way. At this day s market, there
was a pretty good attendance, but only a mo
derate business in \\ heat, at 6d per <0 lbs. un
der Tuesday’s rates: Flour being so much low
er in prjportion. our millers cannot manufac
ture, except to a loss. Beans were also Is to
2s per qr . and Indian Corn as much per4S»lbs.
lower. There was a considerable business in
Flour, but so much offered that the price gave
way 2s per barrel.
Liverpool Iron Market. Aug. 14 —1 he trade
in this article i< in a healthy position. The in i
kers of wrought in every department are
employed, and there seems no probability of
anv material alteration in prices for some to
come. Pig. notwithstanding the diminished
makes consequent on the turn-out of the work
in, 11 ill Scotland, is farther depressed, a reduc
tion may shortly b»* expected, anj better prices
for Pis obtained. The following are the pres
ent qiFotations. delivered in Liverpool Me
rchant Bir £< I’-.: Hoop £ll l'l« : Sheet
t'l2: Nail Ro 1 £10; Scotch Pig £1 per ton.
Liverpool Market*.
Extracts from Letters received i.i this city, dated
LIVERPOOL, 13th August, 1-47. The money
pressure noticed in our last of 34 inst., has since ■ n
much more severe. Tin Bank of England Las ad-
' rat 'interest to 51 J
bans f r a few weeks duration, but it is discounting
scarcely any thing under and the general rate in
k
per cent. L »nger paper can scarcely negotiated at
all.
Further extensive failures in the Corn trade, the
heaviest of which have been in London, h we increased
the distrust and difficulty, and caused a still greater
panic in the Com markets. Western Cana! Flour of
the best quality warranted sweet will not bring more
•dian 275. per bbl.; and Philadelphia and Baltimore
is quoted 255. a 265.; Soar 21s. 6d. : 235. In ’..an
Corn 275. a 30s. per quarter lor th. best, down to 225.
a 255. for
13s. a 14s. per bbl. Even these reduced rates have
not produced a speculative demand and they must be
considered in a great degree nominal, as forced sales
for cash have been made at auction to-day at lower
rates: say 1000 bbls. Virginia Flour, at 235. 9d. a
245., and 300 bbls. Baltimore at 245. 3d. a 245. 6d.,
both warranted sweet, and 2800 bbls, sour Indian
Corn Meal at 12s. 3d. a 12s. 6d. per bbl. We have
had some unfavorable weather, but not such as to
cause any apprehension for the harvest, which on the
whole is progressing favorably.
In the Cotton market there is scarcely any change
to notice, for the reduced stocks and the belief in an
other short American crop continue to give confidence
to holders in spite of the money pressure and dull
trade at Manchester. The sales for the week ended
this evening have been 22,530 bales of which 3090 are
Upland at 6| a 7|; 9640 Orleans at 6 a 8|; 3900
Alabama and Mobile at 6 a 7| ;,and 220 Sea Island
at 12J a 21d per lb. About 1000 bales have been
taken on speculation and 3600 for export. Fair Up
lands and fair Mobile are quoted 7}d, and fair Orleans
7|d. per lb. The stock in this port is estimated at
402,000 bales of which 307,000 are American.
Brown, Shipley & Co.
LIVERPOOL, August 13. —The market has re
mained, if not in a dull state, yet in rather an inani
mate one, throughout the week, and prices are per
haps lower. Still the difference hardly amounts to a
change in quotation ; but it would be impossible, from
the extent of demand, to make sales to any considera
ble extent, except at a decline. The pressure for mo
ney ancj the bad state of trade are the causes to which
the prevailing flatness may b* and' it cer
tainly seems sufficient to condemn our monetary sys
tem when it is considered that witliin tvjp months,
without any great speculation, prices of Cotton have
fluctuated 15 per ct. They are now kept down solely
from the state of the money market, and the appre
hension of foreign loans and renewed export of bul
lion. No alteration in Brazils, Egyptians, or Surats.
The sales of the week (with 4000 bales to-day, and a
firmer market,) amount to 22,530 bags, including
1000 American, on speculation, and 2270 American,
520 Pernam and 900 Surat for export. The quota
tions, according to the standard now adopted by the
Brokers’ Association, are, fair Uplands 7fd., fair Mo
biles 7|d., and fair Orleans 7jd. per lb. The import
of the week is 22,179 bales, exclusive of six vessels
arrived, but not reported.
LIVERPOOL, Aug. 13.—The demand for Cotton
from the trade has been moderate, and scarcely any
thing hasbeen done on speculation, whilst for export
there has been a fair amount of business doing daily.
The market, at times, has shown symptoms of firm
ness, but high rates of interest now charged by the
banks for discounting bills, and the general tightness
of money matters, have checked all operations except
such as could not be postponed, hence we have to re
l>»rt a dull market for American descriptions, but no
change whatever in prices, except that Cotton above
7d. per lb. has been more difficult of sale than pre
viously. Brazils are in moderate request, and prices
are rather lower than quoted last week. Egyptians
are scarcely so easy to sell as previously. For Surats
there continues to be a fair demand ; but prices are
somewhat irregular, and in favor of the buyer. 1,000
bags American have been taken on speculation; with
2,270 American, 520 Pernam, and 900 Surat for ex
port. The sales to-day amount to 4,0 0 bags.
LIVERPOOL, Aug. 13. —While Money remains
so dear we cannot look for improvement in trade, and
for the present nothing but the actual scarcity of Cot
ton supports prices.
The French Steamer New York, from
Cherbourg, was telegraphed off Fire Island,
on Monday, at lO.j o’clock, A. M.
The steamship Washington will leave New
York on her next voyage to Southampton and
Bremen on the 23d inst.
New Cotton.—The Fort Gaines Volunteer
says that a bale of new Cotton was received
at that place on the 26th ult from the plantation
of Col. Win. Toney. The bale weighed 496
lbs., quality good, and sold for 12£c. per lb.
The planters in Lee county are said to be pick
ing out from 100 to 150 lbs. per day to the
hand.
RrswEN* TN Dalton.—The Eagle of the
31st nit. says:—We are pleased to notice »
large number of wagons around the depot in
this place. We counted upwards of forty,one
morning last week, from a position where all
could not be seen. They are discharging all
kinds of produce, raised in the adjoining coun
ties of Georgia, Tennessee and Alabama, and
loading with dry goods, groceries, &.C., which
have been brought up on the Railroad, des
tined for various points, north, east, and west
of here.
Executive Appointment.—Wm. B. Tins
ley, of Milledgeville, has been appointed
Treasurer of the State, vice Walter 11. Mitchell,
resigned.
The election in Maine will take place on the
14lh of this month, for the choice of Governor,
Legislature and for four members of Congress,
(to fill vacancies.)
Western and Atlantic Railroad.
Lafayette, Ga., August 30th, 1847.
To Messrs. D. L. Clinch ami G. W. Towns:
Gentlemen— We have been appointed a committee
on the part of the Whig and Democratic parties of
Walker county, to solicit and request your views with
regard to the extension of the Western & Atlantic
Railroad, and that you publish the same in the Au
gusta “Constitutionalist’ and “ Chronicle &. Senti
nel,’ of the same place. Respectfully, &c.,
LAWSON BLACK,
BENJAMIN C. HARDIN,
11. B. JOHNSTON,
SHERWOOD MERITT,
C. I>. McCUTCHEN,
Committee on the part of the IVhigs.
CH ARLES J. HOOPER,
JOHN CALDWELL,
EDWARD R. HARAM,
I). STEWART,
R. M. AYCOCK,
Committee on behalf of the Democrats.
The steamer Guadalquiver took fire at her
wharf in New York on Sunday, from sponta
neous combustion in the coal bin ; but the fire
was extinguished before much damage was
done.
'Fhe New York Tribune says that the work
on the Erie Railroad is being pushed with great
energy. Over seven thousand men are now
engaged on the different sections. The earn
ings <»f' the completed portion are large, and
sufficient at present to pay the expenses and
the interest on the new instalments.
The potato disease has made its appearance
in various parts of Maine ; and the Ltica N.
Y. Gazette says it has shown itself in some
fields in that vicinity. It has also developed
; it'plfto an alarming extent in the neighborhood
I of St. Johns. .New Brunswick, and other parts
! of that Province.
i
Commerce of Buffalo.—We gave, a day
or two since, an account of the arrivals at Bos
j ton in one day. but says the Buffalo .Advertiser,
I it can be paralleled : /
•• We have known to arrive at this port, in
one day, one hundred and thirty-one vessels, in
cluding steamboats, propellers, brigs and
schooners, with an aggregat* amount of car
goes of more, than ticcnty-siz thousand tuns.
Ail these vessels, with but two or three excep
tions, were entered at the Custom House.
Tins was last year. We expect this fail there
will be a still greatest aggregate.”
The receipts on the Western (Mass.) Rail
road. during the week ending on the 21-t inst.
were igi »0.242, being between *IOOO and S2OOO
more than has ever been received in any one
week since the road was opened.
The Hon. Henry Clay, on leaving home for
the Virginia Springs, directed Thomas B. Ste
venson. Esq.. of Cincinnati, to procure a Gold
Ring, set with a precious stone, enclosing a
braid of the hair of his lamented son, the late
Lieut. Col. Henry Clay. Jr., to be presented to
• George W. Cutter, Esq., as a memorial of
: gratitude for the generous offices that gentle
-1 m in rendered Coi. Clay in his last moments on
‘ the bloody field of Buena Vista.
This duty has been performed, and Mr. Cut
ter acknowledges the gift in a very feeling let
ter.
Phvsicing the Mississippi.—A medical gen
tleman at the Chicago Convention remarked
that, according to the most approved formula
i for the preservation of bodily health, the Great
Father of Rivers kept his head cool in the frigid
i regions of the north and his feet warm in the
sunny air of the tropics. It was now only ne
. cessary to remove the obstructions in its bow
r els to make it the most healthful alimentary ca
nal in the known world.
A French surgeon asserts that, by exposing
men and animals to a galvanic current from
Clarke's magneto-electro apparatus. he has suc
i ceeded in rendering them as insensible to pain
as if they had inhaled sulphuric and.
VOL. LXL—NEW SERIES, VOL. XI., NO. 36.
Augusta, :
SATURDAY MORNING, SEPT. 4, 1847.
The War —The Administration.
The war with Mexico was provoked and
originated without necessity, by our present
National Executive. We shall proceed to es
tablish this proposition by incontestible facts.
William L. Marcy, Secretary of War, inform
ed General Taylor, in a letter written to him
at Fort Jesup, Louisiana, and dated Washing
ton, May 28th, 1845, that,
“As soon as the Texan Congress shall have given
its consent to annexation, and a convention shall as
semble, and accept the terms offered in the resolutions
of Congress, Texas will then be regarded by the Ex
ecutive Government here, so far a part of (he United
States, as to be entitled from this Government to de
fence and protection from foreign invasion and
Indian incursions. The troops under your command
will be placed and kept in readiness to perform this
duty.”
This declares, then, the object to be, to de
find and protect Texas from Foreign invasion,
George Bancroft, acting temporarily as
Secretary of State, in a letter to Gen. Taylor,
dated June 15th, 1845, stated:
“The point of your ultimate destination is the Wes
tern frontier of Texas, where you will select and oc
cupy, on or near the Rio Grande Del Norte, such a
site as will consist with the health of the troops, and
will be best adapted to repel invasion, and to protect
what, in the event<»f,annexation, will be our Western
border. You will limit to the defence of
the territory of Texas, unless Mexico should declare
war against the United States.”
Mr. Marcy to General Taylor, Oct. 16,1845
This letter states, that from information re
ceived, there was no probability of an invasion
of Texas by the Mexicans, and said:
“On the supposition, that no active operations on
your part will be required during the approaching
•winter, an important question to be decided, is the
position or positions to be occupied by your forces.
This must be determined mainly with reference to the
objects for which the army under your command was
sent into Texas.”
Mr. Marcy to Gen. Taylor, Washington, Jan.
13tA, 184 G.—ln this letter Mr. Marcy says :
'Tarn directed by the President to instruct you
to advance and occupy with the troops under your
command, positions on or near the East bank of the
Rio Del Norte, as soon as it can be conveniently done,
with reference to the season and the routes by which
your movements must be made.”
Here, then, was an imperative order to Gen.
Taylor, to advance to the Rio Grande. He
was then at Corpus Christi, on the River Nue
ces. We will here remark, that Texas claimed
o extend to the Rio Grande. That river is
west of the River Nueces, and variously esti
mated to be from 150 to 175 miles from the lat
ter. In going from the Nueces to the Rio
Grande, the traveller passes through an unin
habited wilderness, till he reaches the valley of
the Rio Grande, which was in possession of
the Mexicans, populously settled and in pursuit
of their agricultural avocations.
We have said this much to make the matter
clear to those who have never paid attention
to the map or investigated the subject.
We would remark further that while Texas
claimed to the Rio Grande, Mexico contended
that the River Nueces was the western bounda
ry of that State.
W“ will suspend now any further introduc
tion of instructions to General Taylor from
the authorities at Washington, to introduce ex
tracts from his replies. Our object is to prove
that when this order was given to Gen. Tay
lor to march to the Rio Gramie, it was not de
manded by any of the “objects” for which it
was avowed by the Secretary of II ar. that our ar
my was sent into Texas. Bear in mind that
those “ objects” were to afford to Texas defence
and protection from foreign invasion and In
dian incursions.”
Now for the extracts from General Taylor’s
replies to the war department. They were
made not directly to that department, but indi
rectly through the Adjutant General of the ar
my.
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones, Adjutant oj me army,
Corpus Christi, August 15, 1845.
“ I shall feel able to maintain my position against
any Mexican force that cun be brought against me.”
Gm. Taylor to Gen. Jones, August 20, 1845.
“ Caravans of traders arrive occasionally from the
Rio Grande, but bring no news of importance. They
represent that there are no regular troops on that river
except at Matamoros, and do not seem to be aware of
noy preparationJor a demonstration on this bank
of the river."
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones, August 30, 1845.
—He gives an account in this of the arrival of
some troops, and says: “We have no news
from the Rio Grande.”
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones, Sept. 6, 1845. —He
states in this letter that a confidential agent, who
had been at Matamoros, reports, that “ no great
preparations were going on for war, arid that
our consul thought there would be no declara
tion of war.
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones, Sept. 14, 1845.
“ We have no news of interest from the frontier.
Arista, at the last accounts, was at Mier, but without
any force, nor i.- there as yet any concentration of
troops on the river.”
Gen, Taylor to Gen. Jones, Oct. 11, 1845.
“Recent arrivals from the Rio Grande bring no
news or information of a different aspect from that
which I reported in my last. The views expressed
in previous communications relative to die pacific dis
position of the border people on both sides of the
river arc continually confirmed.' 1
Gen. Taylor to G&n. Jones, Nov. 19, 1845.
In this letter he stated, “recent arrivals from
the Rio Grande bring no news whatever.”
Gen. Taylor to Gen-Jones, Jan. 7, 1546.
“ A recent scout of volunteers from San Antonio
struck the river near Presidio, Rio Grande, and the
commander reports every thing quiet in that quar
ter."
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones, Feb. 4, 1846.—In
this the General acknowledges the receipt of
the communication of the Secretary of War, of
January the 13th, containing the instructions
of the President ordering his movement to lite
Rio Grande. Is it not incontestible then, from
the chain of testimony, that when he was or
dered to the Rio Grande it was not necessary
for “the defence and protection (of Texas)
f”om foreign invasion and Indian incursions.
No Mexicans were approaching, nor threaten
ing to approach General Taylor, no indica
tions are seen or heard of, and there was not
a Texan habitation between the station occn
pied by our troops at Corpus Christi, and the
populous Mexican settlements in the valley of
the Rio Grande. Some other motive then must
have induced lhe order for the march to lhe Rio
Grande, than lhe avowed "objects'' for which
the army was sent to Texas. But we shall not
anticipate another branch of our subject by
discussing that point at present. Our object
is exclusively now to show, that the war was
provoked by .he Administration.
Now mark atentively what follows. Mr.
Marcy in a letter to General Taylor of July
30tb, 1845, says:
“While avoiding, as you have been instructed to
do, all aggressive measures towards Mexico as long
as the rela’ions of peace exist between that Republic
and the United States, you are exj«e»:ted to occupy, ,
protect, and defend the terriu>ry oi Texas to the ex- ;
terd that it has been occupied by the people of Tex- '
as. The Rio Grande is claimed to be the boundary ]
between the two countries, and upon this boundary
you are to extend yo-ir pr-,tection, only excepting
any posts on the Hastern side thereof, which are in
the actual occupancy if Alexican frrets. or Alcxi
can settlements, over which the Republic of 1 eras
did not exercise jurisdiction at the period of an
nexation or shortly before that event f
Notwithstanding this instruction, and this ap
parent disposition to treat the Mexicans with
delicacy, and respect their settlements at this
time, Mr. Marcy said to General Taylor in
the letter of instruction to march—“ it is pre
sumed that Point Isabel will be con.-cidered by
vou an eligible position :” that is, for his troop-.
It was of this the Secretary was speaking-
What a sacred regard he was disposed to P a J
to Mexican settlements and how very consis
tent, too. for Point Isabel was a Mexican town
at wi ich they had a custom-house! We
will soon see, that in consequence of this
march, the very atmosphere of that country
soon became feverish with signs of war. We
find the Secretary of War instructing General
Tatlor to make a requisition for troops upon
Texas —not to interfere with the religion of the
Mexicans, or their private property, if he had
occasion to advance into Mexico, and urging
upon him the exercise of “ more than ordinary
care to be in a safe position” and prepared for
assault.
But we will go back to the correspondence
of General Taylor and trace down the chain
of events to the commencement of hostilities.
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones, Feb. 16M, 1846
He states the reception of a letter Iron Com
modore Conner offering aid, if needed, and.
that from all he could learn he did not think the
Mexicans would resist hi* advance.
Gen. Taylor's letters to Gen. Jones of the dates
of Feb. 2()th, March Bth and March HtZt, com
municate principally some immaterial facts ia
reference to matters of the army, its move
ments, *ic.,
That of March 12th, 1846, gives an account
of the progress of the march, and informed the
department that nothing of importance had
been heard from the Rio Grande, except a
proclamation of Gen. Paredes, which he en
closed :
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones.—Camp at “L7
Sauce," 119 miles from Corpus Christi, March.
18th, 1846. —“ Within the last two days our advance
has met with small armed parties of Mexicans, wba
seemed disposed to avoid us. They were doubtlean
thrown out to get ia form st ion of our advance.”
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones.—Headquarters of
Army of Occupation, Camp three miles south of
the Arroyo Colorado, Mar eh 21, 18|6y—In thia
letter he stares that some irregular Meximua.. ...
cavalry from the opposite side of the river Ar
royo Colorado, informed him that he would be
fired upon if he crossed. Gen. Taylor threat*
ened them with his artillery, and upon com
mencing to cross the Mexicans rode off to
wards Matamoros. He said further:
“ From the best information I am able to obtain, tk*
enemy is not in force on this side of the Rio Grande,
A few rancheros are still on the route hence n Mata
moros. It is believed that there may be nearly 200t
troops in that place, but what proportion of regular
troops 1 cannot alate with confidence. The arrival of
Gen. Ampudia is expected from the interior, but the
accounts I receive ot his movements are quite contra
dictory.”
General Taylor to Gen. Jones.—Point Isabel,
March 25th, 1846.—He gives an account in this
letter of a civil deputation from Matamoros*
desiring an interview. He says:
“ The deputation halted while yet some miles from
Point Isabel, declining to come further, and sent me a
formal protest of the Prefect of the Northern District
of Tamaulipas, against our occupation of tho
which I enclose herewith.”
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones, Camp opposite Mat
amoros, March 29th, 1846.
“The attitude of the Mexicans is so far decidedly
hostile. An interview has been hold by my direc
tion, with the military authorities in Matamoroo, bnfc
with uo satisfactory result.”
Gen. Taylor to Gen. Jones, April 6th, 1846.
“1 have to report no material change in the a’psot
of affairs here since my despatch of tho 29ih ultiifeo.
The Mexicans still retain a hostile attitude, and htvo
thrown up some works evidently designed to prevent
us from crossing lhe river.” “1 doemed it proper and
respectful to announce formally, lhe purpose of onr ad
vance to the Rio Grande, and afford an opportunity fa
establish friendly relations if practicable. Ton will
perceive that lhe Mexican authorities persist in con
sidering our march as an act of war itself, and I be
lieve they would so treat it, and attempt to drive ul
from our position, if they felt sufficient confidence it
their strength. I have no very accurate information
as to the number of regular troops in Matamoros, but
I am quite confident that it does not reach 2000, an<
they ofvery bad description and miserably armed.**
He stated further, that General Ampudia wm
daily expected in Matamoros with hoary rein*
forcements, and would probably attaek hit
camp.
We will continue this subject on Monday.
The Hon. John Bell, who was Secretary of
War during the short Administration of Presi
dent Harrison, is nominated by tho Tennes
see papers for a seat in tho Senate of the Uni
ted States.
Health of New Orleans.-—The number of
deaths in New Orleans from 9 o’clock, A. M. f
on Thursday, the 26th August, to 9 o’clock, A»
M., on Saturday, the 28th, (two days,) was 13*
-’ll nf which 92 were of yellow fever.
The interments in Lafayette, for the same
time, were 33, of which 27 wore of yellow
fever.
The following are the receipts at New York*-
of Hour and grain, from the opening of naviga
tion this season until the 22d of August:
Flour, barrels, .2,288,304
Wheat, bushels,• •2,454,206
Corn, 4,259,48*
Barley, 308,261
The excess this season, compared with the
receipts of the corresponding period last year
is equal to 1,158,787 barrels of flour.
It is stated that 1,800,000 yards of cotton
cloth are made at Lowell, Mass., every week,
amounting to 93,600,000 yards per year—
enough toextend twice around the entire world!
Sixty-five thousand bales of cotton aro worked
up aim: ally. Os printed calico, there arn made
14.000,000 yards per year. In these manu
factures one million of pounds of starch are
annually used.
Remarkable Potato.—The Editor of the
La Grange Reporter has received from Mr.
Wm. Malone of Harris Co., an Irish potato
which he describes thus: For size and novelty
ol appearance, it surpasses anything of ths kind
we ever saw. It is composed of fifteen braneh
ing potatoes springing from the same root.
about tlie same number of smaller ones having
grown from the main branches. This multi
form potatoe appears to be net yet full grown,
is free from rot or blemish, and weighs 2 lbs.>
J 4 ounces.
From the Journal and Messenger.
Milledgeville, August 30, 1847.
Gentlemen:— The most overwhelming reply
to the charges relating to the appropriation re
ceived by Gen. Clinch fertile destruction ofli'm
property in the Florida war, would be a publi
cation of Dawson’s Report, with the rtatemiHtt
of Gen. Jessup, Col. Pierce and others annexed
thereto. All the details in relation to the de-
Htruction of cane and coni on Gen. C.'s planta
tion—at that time a military depot, will be found
in Congressional Report No. 303, first sessina
25th Congress. The length of the Report mid
documents can be lhe only objection to its pub
lication on our part.
Surely lhe people of Georgia need not ba
reminded that the Federal Government is not
very apt to pay extravagantly, liberally or
promptly for losses incurred intheseviee of tho
United States, when it is known that the just
, claims of Georgia for moneys expended in the
Florida War are yet neglected and unpaid—
when it is known that Georgia has offered ta
accept the principal of her debt, withouttha in
terest, in order to obtain a settlement with her
faithless creditor, but that the Government still
remains a delinquent.
In connection with this subject I will state, as
it may not be generally known, that General
Clinch’s farm house, distillery, sugar-housa,
store-house—in short, all the buildings appurte
nant to a sugar plantation—were burnt to ths
ground by the Indians, after the place had Leet
abandoned by the American troops, eomposad
in part of two thousand cavalry. The lumber,
or plank, with which those buildings were erect
ed, was hauled from Gary’s Ferry, the nearfflt
point from which it could Imj obtained, a die
lance of seventy miles. The lumber with
which be rebuilt those buildings was hauled
from lhe same distant point. It will al once l»s
acknowledged that under such
die cost of building and rebuilding must haws
be/»n unusually heavy; and for the loss tlnis in
curred Gen. CBnch has never received a mo
lar byway of reimbursement. W ithout c«‘
ingupon Gen. Cliiieh for hi.« opinion as to he
amount ofiiis pecuniary losses b > ■ '•
War, for which he has received nothing, is it
lhe opinion
IOSS Ca,,HOt
be less than wsaty thomand dollars.
r..; .i ni liids the case: Like an army of
i 1 ’isV i-sin ’ over tile fair fields of Egypt, the
American -oldiery swept every stalk ol cam.,
every grain of corn, every blade oi grass. Irotp
< the plantation oi Gen. Clinch—the tall cane ant
j waving forn vanish before them like a phan
tom scene—every hog and eow upon the place
is seized to supply their wants, and lhe fences
of the plantation afford ready fuel to their hnntiS.
They pass on, leaving desolation in their track.
Then comes the stealthy savage with his lighted
torch and fires all that reniauis—the emp r
buildingson the des.’rtedouriu»ge: and you no®
behold T desert » her. lateff bloomed the pre
d Iwrvmt. J>ut "slauder. the l«ul«t whel?
' aiust find in tbie a sweet aiorsel tor luo
envenomed tongue ; g d U- ■■•■«»-
eration grsntnd •> CT sufiOez by tlx fewierel
Government is mahgaantty represented a.*
gratuity undeserved er fraudulently obtained.