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Augusta, 05 a.:
MONDAY MORNING, OCT’R. 11, 1847.
Propositions of the Administration to
Mexico.
We do not purpose to enlarge upon the
character of the late propositions oflhis Govern
ment to Mexico, or to investigate their reason
ableness or unreasonableness. We refer to
the subject, merely to make a few observations
called for by the circumstances of the case.
Mr. Polk set out, in the first place, to defend
Texas against invasion. That was fully ac
complished by stationing our army at Corpus
Christi. He then ordered the army to be
marched to the Rio Grande, thus, according to
Mr. Bentos, committing an aggression on Mex-
We give the language of Mr. Benton s reso
lution in the Senate as follows:
•• Resolved, That the incorporation of the left bank
of the Riedel Norte into the American I mon, l>y vir
tue of a treaty with Texas, comprehending, as me
said incorporation would do, a part of the Mexican < e
nartments of New Mexico, Chihuahua, Coahuila, and
Tamaulipas, would bean act of direct! aggression on
Mexico; for all the consequences of which the United
States would stand responsible.”
This is the opinion of one whom Mr. Polk
sought to make a Lieutenant-General, and place
over the heads of the veterans Scott and Tav
lor. The Administration, then, admitted, as
far as it could by this disposition, that it conk
not resist or gainsay Mr. Bentons view, or,
it showed that it did not make it the least objec
tion to his being placed in the chief command of
our army of invasion.
Mr. Polk, then, in professing to protect Tex
as against an invasion by Mexico, actually him
self ordered and prosecuted an invasion of that
country. War resulted, and Mr. Polk asked
for power to prosecute it, expressing his deter
mination to conquer a peace. Did he not pro
pose to bny it by the propositions submitted to
the Mexican Government through Mr. Tri.it?
He marks out a line to be the boundary between
the two countries, and in consideration of a ces
sion ofa portion of Mexican territory, pro
posed to release Mexico from the claims of
American citizens, for indemnity for the expen
ses of the war, and to pay her blank number of
dollars, supposed to be intended to be fifteen or
twenty millions.
It may be said by the friends of the Admin
istration, that New Mexico and the Califor
nias are worth more than the amount of the
American claims, and that sum of money.
But are they worth in addition to that, the seven
ty or eighty millions which.have been expen
ded ? In other words, can the 'people of the
United Slates believe it to be a good and wise
policy to purchase those portions of Mexico, at
tliis time, at a cost of nearly one hundred mil
lions of dollars.
We copy the following from the Lynchburg
Virginian. It is a part of a latter from an offi
cer of the Virginia Regiment, said to be of high
character, and is descriptive of that part of Mex
ico which our Administration is so anxious to
obtain. The letter is written from Monterey,
California:
<• Hero am I, at the seat of war, in this much cove
ted land, this land of Orange Groves, where delightful
Odors fill the air, and flowers spring up in luxuriant
beauty at one’s feet, wherever he may turn his steps—
this land of promise, to gain which, a mighty nation
has sent’ forth her armies, and rivers of blood have
flowed. Such it is in fancy; such the advocates for
the ‘extension of the area of freedom’ would have it
be; but ah ! the reality ! If ever there was a people
humbugged, wofully, miserably, egregiously hum
bugged, that people is the ‘free, enlightened, patriotic
people of the United States of North America.’ When
a inan first puts his fool upm the soil of Mexico, he in
voluntarily exclaims, ‘Great God, is it possible that
the people of the United States are lighting for suchn
land as this*’ and he asks himself where have I been ?
From what source have 1 derived my information?—
How in the name of heaven has it hap|w>ned, that I
never until now beard, that from the Nueces to the
Sierra Madre, it was but one vast desert, with hen*
and there an oasis, nurtured by artificial means. Yet
such is nevertheless the case. Il’ ever there was a
country upon which the hand of God was laid in an
ger, this is the country. We found it parched, burnt
to a crisp by a drought of seven months’ duration; and
when the rain does come, it Gils in torrents, and ruins
all the time, until the supply is exhausted, and then
there is a drought again ; ami what little cultivation
there is, is sustained by irrigation. Every hush is full
of tltorns, the frogs have horns, and the sand produces
burrs spontaneously. Yet not only is our blood and
money poiired out freely to gain possession of thiscoun
try, but th ation is to lie convulsed, and the Union
threatened >n account of your ‘ Wilmot Provisos.’
My God! Mr. Wilmot need not trouble himself. No
American will ever settle south of the Rio Grande,
unless it be some fugitive from justice, who will be
take himself to this country to plunder the few Mexi
can towns that are kept alive in it like hot-house
plants.
“ A wag in the army has mid that the United States
ought never to make peace with Mexico, until she will
agree to take back all we have conquered, and Texas
to boot; and I assure you there is more sound sense
in this saying than you imagine. ”
This is the kind of country that Mr. Polk
proposes to buy of Mexico to obtain a peace,
instead of conquering it. Instead of indemni
fying the United Stales for the expenses of the
war, and subjecting Mexico to the humiliation
of paying for her obstinacy and belligerent per
severance, he proposes, in order to obtain a
peace, to bind her national escutcheon with a
chain of gold—to appease Mexican vengeance
with the glitter and clinking music of some
twenty odd millions of money.
He has not yet conquered a peace, he has
failed to purchase it, and from the confusion
in which our affairs have been plunged again,
there is no telling what additional blessing* his
unhappy rule may pour out upon his own coun
try as well as Mexico.
We are afloat upon a wide sea of difficulty
and dangers, the Heavens are overcast with
clouds, and no one can see in the future what
haven will receive and what result awaits us.—
We can only hope that the ship of State may
ride through every tempest, and once more
rest in calm and prosperous repose.
Agricultural Fair.
The Annual Fair of the Agricultural Socie
ty of Clarke county, will be held in Watkins
ville. on the **»th and 29th inst.. at which the
public are invited to attend.
Vote of Lincoln County.
Clinch, 267. j Towns, 175.
FOB SENATOR.
Moore, (Whig) 262. (Irwin, (Dem.) 170.
FOR REPRESENTATIVES.
Neal, (Whig) 255. [ Hawes, (Dem.) ...176.
Equal Svffrauk in Connecticut.—Last
Monday the proposition to abolish the distinc
lion between colored people and whites in re
spect to the right of suffrage, was rejected by
the people of Connecticut. As far as heard
from the votes stand for the proposition 2.545;
against it,
Georgia Rah. Road.—Comparative state
ment of the business of the Georgia Rail Road
for the month of September in 1546 and 1*47 :
1846. 1847. Increase.
Passengers -$10.648 26 $14,774 19 $4,125 93
Freight and
$*24,841 45 $39.245 74 $14,404 29
A Rio de Janeiro letter of August 12.
says—
• Mr. Tod. the American Minister, and fami
ly, are well, but had not up to the above date
landed, and it was thought he would not be pre
sented at Court until he receives further in
structions from our Government. He will in
the meantime take a house |and remain a pri
vate citizen, until his instructions arrive. Mr.
Walsh, the present Secretary of Legation to
the embassy of Mr. W«se. w ill remain as Charge
des Affairs.
• Mr. W ise will be ready to sail for the I ti -
led Stales about the Ist September. The Bra
zilians are doing all kinds of things to bring
the him* Ives m trouble.”
Yankkb Enterpkisr.—Among the first
.Americans who entered Vera Cruz. on the ces
sation of hostilities, was the owner of a small
•chooner from “ dow n East.* it en anchored off*
the harbor. He might have been seen making
his way with breathless haste to one of the best
hotels in the city, upon entering which he vo
ciferated for the • landlord ." That important
personage obeyed the call on the instant, but
in evidem trepidation, as a matter of course .
when the Yankee, in a sharp accent, which
convey the idea to the uninitiated .Mexican that
his safetv was in implicit acquiescence, thus ac
costed him : •* 1 want this establishment. house,
lot. furniture, and every thing as it stands.
" hat i! take f cr it The Mexican, happy
to be permitted the privilege of naming a price
at all lor property which he supposed to be at
the uiervv ofthe euemv. named so much as he
judged hr wauud to p\ Ha respectable distance
between him and ‘lo* Yankee |f« a bar
«"n •hoiiici the <low,,. M „. »he com
■uenced sheliin; out the money And now
my friend. v he added what is the lea-t possible
time it will take you to clear out’ tie
toldl that half an hour w ould suffice And ,n
half an hour accordingly, our friend the Van
kee, was mixing juleps and otherwise uuiusier
mg to the comfort and accommodation of his
countrymen m particular and the public uigeu
end. .VortWA Hrr
From the N. O. Picayune, otto inst.
FIVE DAYS LATER FROM VERA
CRUZ.
The steamship Alabama, Capt. U n'die ar
rived at an early hour Monday
Vera Cruz ria 'Tampico. She left ' era . -
on Sunday, the 26th of September, am
pico on the 30th. . , ,
We learn through a source cn,, ‘ lt ’ d ‘ d
resnect that in the recent battles <> JCVPtI
I3lh nit. the American army had «,
officers killed and lorty-fi'e " ol 1 t | |j|’
C-idv of the 6th Infantry, was among the KU
led ‘ We have no confirmation whatever of
from Gen Scott’s headquarters, but we lean
ffiai letters have been received by commercial
houses in Tampico, from their correspondents
in the citv of Mexico, confirming entirely our
former Sports of the battle of the Mill de Rev
and Chapultepec heights on the-th and 13th
of September, in which Gen. Scott carried the
idaee at the point of the bayonet.
It appears from the following circular that
Gen. Santa Anna determined at once upon the
conclusion of the battle of the 13th to aban
don the capital. The verbal report is that he
retired to Guadalupe, which is scarcely thr
miles from the capital, with 10.0<! "-M- - d
twentv-five pieces of artillery. 1 • -j
of the letter from Orizaba to ■ _
pnbhshed in Scott s command
If,the* 1 f , the* : c ii> r italSeptember, 13th, and made no
mention of the bombardment of the 14th and
and 1-">th, which was so extensively circtila.ed
bv other papers. Santa A I evacuated the
city expressly to avoid such a bombardment
Our formal entry may not have been made for
a day or two. but tiie city was at our mercy on
the 13th. We copy the following translation
from the Genius of Liberty, a new paper es
tablished at Vera Cruz.
A Circular to the Commandants General of the
Departments.
Guadalupe, Hidalgo, Sep*. 14, 1847.
Most Excellent Sir.—After the important and
great events that have yesterday taken place there re
mains no other alternative to die government ol die
Union, than that of abandoning rhe capital, in order
that other means be adopted and pursued for the har
rassing of the enmy. Accordingly, his Excellency
(President?! of the integral republic orders me to in
form you, in order that through you, the honorable
Congress of the state over which you preside may
kiww it that hie Excellency is firmly resolved to pros
eeute military operations against the inva ers. And
that whatever be the consequences resulting from the
war, yet his excellency is determined to wage it in
every possible manner, and by every attainable means.
A heroic resistance was made in the capital, for the
space of six days, but at length the enemy established
himself in places and positions, from which his mis
siles and projectiles could reach the peaceful thou
sands of the city, then the supreme government seeing
the state of affairs to be such as warranted their de
parture, changed their abode; and very soon I will
have the pleasure of announcing to your Excellency
the site upon which it will fix, which at present is im
possible for me to do, as it accompanies the army, and
as vet is not agreed upon the residence of the Supreme
Power of the nation. But as soon as the latter is
known, I will give your Excellency a detailed account
of every thing that has occurred; but now I shall con
fine myself to the single following statement. The
American army charged yesterday at daybreak, with
all its force upon Chapultepec, which after a spirited
defence of six hours yielded nt last to the attack of the
enemy, who immediately marched to take possession
ofa fortification situated’ between the sentry-box [ga
rita) of Belen and St. Thomas, St. Como and the cita
del. The first advance was checked by the troop? his
Excellency the President led up, disputing the ground
inch by inch, till finally the invader was routed from
the citadel, after nine hours hard lighting. The cap
ital being in this situation, His Excellency was anxious
to avoid a bombardment, and to spare it the tumult
and confusion attendant upon an assault which would
have given room for a thousand calamities, and a repe
tition of those acts in which the army of the foe has
manifested so instinctive a spirit of extermination.
His Excellency the President of the Republic
hopes that your Excellency will endeavor to preserve
and reanimate the public spirit, in order that the war
may l»e carried on with that vigor ard energy which
the national honor and the rights of the Republic so
imperiously demand. Alcorta.
By the letter which we give below from our
Vera Cruz correspondent, it will he seen that
Gen. Lane has been compelled to send back for
a supply of ammunition. Upon an inspection
which was instituted upon receiving a rumor
that the guerrillas hail occupied Cerro Gordo,
it was found that he had but eight or nine
ron. ds of cartridges’
Our correspondent, to whose letter we must
refer for a variety of details, mentionsa rumor
that Gen. Santa Anna has resigned the Presi
dency. and speaks ofa proclamation to that ef
fect. which we have not yet seen.
VVe attach little confidence to the stand said
to have been made by the guerrillas at Cerro
Gordo. Now that they are deprived of the Na
tional Bridge as a rallying point, they wdl of
course occupy file most eligible ground higher
up on the road, hut they will readily he dis
lodged by a force like that under Gen. Lane.
Capt. While’s company of Louisiana volun
teers, and two companies of the 11th Infantry,
left Tampico on the 2Hth of September for Ve
ra Cruz.
We re«gret to perceive •hat Lieut. Kline, of
Capt. Lewis’s company of Louisiana volun
teers, has been shot by the guerrillas.
Correspondence ofthe Picayune.
Vera Crvz, Sept. 22. 1847.
The Sun of Anahuitc has been suspended, and it de
volves upon me to furnish you with what may trans
pire in the local line as far as I am able to do so, al
though nothing «»f real importance has taken place
sinrr Ihe departure of the James L. Bay [on the 21st
Sept. | She was hardly under wav before a report
rear he'd the city that the Bergara camp was attacked
by guerrillas, an<l that they had put to the sword all
the Americans that occupied it. Os course there was
a general rush to the gales, and the house lops were
covered with citizens eager to witness the tray, but it
soon ended in smoke, no attack having t>een made,
although it is]x«sitively stated that a considerable body
ofthe e lenty was seen within a few hundred yards
ofthe camp on the sandshills.
The information that i sent you vesterdav, that Gen.
Scott had entered Mexico, has been fully confirmed
to-day, with but lew additional (urticulars; but you
shall have all that are authentic, leaving the rumors
to take care of themselves.
It appear* that on the 13th inst., the Americans
charged and carried the Citadel, and immediately
turned all the guns of the fortification on the citv.—
About 2 o’clock at night, (some accounts say 11
o'clock,) all the Mexican army retreated upon Gua
dalupe.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs addressed the Civil
Governor, directing him to manage affairs as well as
he could, until he should receive official inf •rmatiou
as to where the Government should be established. —
From what I can learn, the Mexicans will not stand
another fight at present, and we may therefore look
for temporary tranquility.
The only portion oftiie news that is not confirmed,
is Santa Anna being wounded, of which nothin 'is
•aid in the address which reached us to-dav.
It is reparted that Gen. Quitman is on the wav
down with despatches, and has 4000 men with him
ll this be the case, he has no doubt been induced to
take so larjje a three from the tact that Paredes is near
Puebla with 6000 men ; but I can hardly understand
how Gen. Scott could have spared so manv men af
ter the severe losses which he must have sutfered.
We have all sorts of reports about a small detach
ment that left here the day after the departure ofGen.
Line’s command to overtake him, but as I do n.t con
sider any of them authentic I vv ill not recapitulate the
rumors.
Col. Wilson was taken very ill yesterday evening,
and the duties of Governor consequently devolve up
on Lieut. Col. 1). S. Miles, who is an fait in such
matters, and everything connected with the Depart
ment will be sure to be conducted as it should be. 1
forgot to mention in my last that I icut Arthur, adju
tant of the Ist Infantry, was thrown from Lis horse
last Sunday and severely though not dangerously
hurt, buthe is doing quite well.
I learn, on good authority, that Gen. Patterson
whois now on his way to this city, has received in
structions from the War D< pattnu nt totake comm md
of the forces in the cit j andstate \ • should
he think pn»perto do so, on his arrival; hut if he should
think proper not to do so, to proceed to join General
Scott.
1 neglected also to mention in my last that your ex
press man informed me that Mr. Kendall had sent
down four other couriers since he left Puebla, none
of whom have reached here.
\ era Cruz. Sept. 24, 1846.
A detachment returned last night from Gen. Lune's
command, which had arriti d at the Nati mal Bridg*
without encountering any serious obstacle, although
the guerillas made their upp-arauce on several occa
sions in small numbers without doing anv harm to
our command. A separate detachment cvnno.-'cd
mostly ot < apt. Lew ts's companv of Louisiana r in n rs
was tued into al-out six mil. s this side ofth< Brid-e.
just as the coiujstny had been formed, and unfonn
natch k.lkd Lu-m. , l„„.. wh „ „.., s tl j .
he he reeetv.ng tw „ Luekshot w sll , ai |
±"±h* ' hk,llio S **'“>
Yon will be snrprwd wh n I tell you that thisde
appeals that upon the arrival n fGen. Lan. \ i
at the Bridge a report was current that C <, ■
nad been fortified by the gueri as ind was oc
by them in force. Prepare-. us were madt t
tinue on and attack them, but upon inspect ’>/;!\v
found that lhe men on an average had onlv about *
cartridges «r<A, and it wk* impoari .. \
with the prospect us fighting over two hundred iniZ;
ofthe way without powder and shut. A r.vi-<r-n
calling for lOO.OOOrmmds has been fitted toZfay, a£d
al; th.- > t ,>.rc troop- .ouana rangers) wdi -
.. -X :' - -.i.- nndbyuitunetht.
rc.ehc them they must run short at a
place w here provisions cannot . had except from
Jalapa or this city for so large a b.x’.v T r
this is a serious affair, and I atn sorry an officer
■t.l i .
iis as singular ms it is true Bat the dr* ul’v .•t ’r.i s-s
--portauon *r>Hu this tn the budgets v»>rv gr : -v.) I
itu told th.-’. Lieut. C<iL H t gtn's’s coalman*.l ha»e
i-eeu Obliged io live tor federal d.»x> upon hai rauons
of bread ;yel ms teams have b.ea ?.»keti : scad dew n
hwclot uns suxmuoia.Mt tasted et yt. v tu.
eixiuuan :. fiien h.tv.. g lakenail the ni.vci;
ed volunteers for this escort, it . -
commanding off--er ofttvs post •,h-’ :: w
what they require. Fresh bee f can < -bduned in
abundance, ’mt men cannot hve n this ,d.
ticular.y as -he irw; - sm then' are • g acc?.na
t<\i. and 1 am ai-a* mX-mned on good a hentx :hat
the yelkiw lever has made iis appearance atrn .ng*?
-
J uan.
The diffk lilies under which se»er.d former com
mands- have labored, nccasi med • • > ■ - -
pltes„ should. I think, have Lrr.o.f.: upreasi'e l»s
amis t ’hcV** succeeding them upo.-. tfo- <xme roai.’.
an 1 hope hat this will be the iu« lune liiat a com
mand is caught lb such a fix.
' "*• ' • Maaad, which is statitgkx: a’the
ran attacked t few days smm ■ y
gaemlkas kuted<*ue private and wunded
two others, which shows that notwithstanding thy
lower part of the road is fully occupied by the Ameri
cans, it is occupied by the guerrillas also.
Vera Cruz, Sept. 25, 194 L
I have just seen a note from Maj. Lally date It le
23d inst., at Jahpa, in which he states that every
thing was quiet there, not having had an alarm or
a month. He says that the wound he received on t e
road to that place, in the neck, came very near i mg
him. but it is now doing quite well. From letters
that arrived by the same conveyance there are an
hundred minors from Gen. Scott’s command, and but
one important item which can be relied upon, and
that is a proclamation from Santa Anna in which the
people of Mexico are informed that he has resigned
the office of President of the Republic, and that Senor
Pena y Pena has been initiated in his place. 1 will
try to obtain for you a copy of this proclamation and
forward it bv the’ first boat. As the reports that come
down are very currently believed by a majority of
the residents, I will give you a list of them before the
boat leaves ifno later news reaches us from Mexico
in a shape that can be relied upon.
Our city has become remarkably healthy.
Sept. 26. —The British royal mail steamer Med
way arrived this morning from Tampico and will
leave on the morning of the 2d October for England.
We are in anticipation ofa norther.
Tiie Alabama, which has been in for two hours,
starts back in half an hour, and I have not time to
say more.
From the Genius of Liberty of Sept. 25th.
Intelligence has been received by us. brought
in by a train which has just arrived from the
National Bridge, underthe superintendence of
Lieut. Bedney F. McDonald, Act Brig. Q. M.,
that Gen. Lane, with his force, bad taken up a
position for the present at that post, and there
was awaiting the return of supplies, which it
is the express object of this train to carry out.
The gallant general and his brave band were
somewhat harrassed by the enemy, who kept
continually hovering on his Hanks, firing on
them occasionally, but the vigilance and cir
cumspection which he unceasingly manifested
deterred the enemy from an approach within
any reasonable proximity. We are extremely
sorry to add that Lieut. Kline, of Capt. Lewis’s
company of Louisiana volunteers, was slain
whilst employed in the rear in the performance
of duties incidental to the time. We would
strenuously advise every individual marching
in company with convoys on this road to exer
cise the utmost caution and to avoid loitering
on the way. The steadiness with which the
general advanced and marshalled his force for
the full and complete protection of the train,
is worthy, by all accounts, of every praise and
cominenda ion and is in perfect keeping with
his charactei, which is that of coolness, deter
mined bravery, and calculating prurience.
Such are the men qualified to take charge of
reinforcements passing through the enemy’s
country, in which every moment surprises and
attacks are things to be expected, and should
consequently be foreseen and provided for.
From the tenor of the account set forth in the
Arco Iris, concerning the alarm given the other
night at Camp Belgara, it is to be inferred that
Father Jarauta was only deterred from an at
tack upon this city by the representations that
were made him of the terible destruction of
property and loss of life which would follow
the opening of the batteries of the cattle upon
the city. Had we the choice of matters, or a
word to say in affairs, we should say —•• Come,
holy herald of peace and good will to man!
Come on ; there are sufficient brave hearts in
the city of Vera Cruz besides those who stand
ready at the guns of San Juan de Ulna. Fair
play is a jewel, and you shall have it.”
Gen Scott in the city of Mexico.— The offi
cial despatches have not yet arrived from the
army, but the surrender of the capital is now
placed beyond all doubt. It is extremely
gratifying to us. as friends of humanity, to learn
that Santa Anna retreated from the city, and
saved Gen. Scott the alternative of destroying
it and shedding innocent blood. We hope
the Mexicali people will soon see the necessi
ty of peace, and use all honorable means
calculated to bring about a result so desirable
io all The counsel of ambitious and design
mg military men prevailing over those of her
less pretending but certainly more judicious
citizens, have too long swayed the destinies of
the nation.
From the Neic Orlcuns Picayune, oth inst
The News from Mexico.
Somewhat copious details of the news from
Mexico, brought yesterday by the Alabama,
will be found in another column underthe ap
propriate head. Since, however, that article
was in type, we are placed in possession of
further details, and reflection leads us to attach
additional importance to the accounts.
Beyond dispute, the most satisfactory feature
in the news touches the loss sustained in the re
cent actions by the army of Gen. Scott and its
present position. Our news is rather of a ne
gative nature, but it is hardly less satisfactory
than if it were more definite. We have ample
ground on which to deny the painful reports
brought by the James L. Day of tin* deaths of
distinguished American general officers.—
Our information is positive that Gen. Smith
has not been slain, but that lie has anew cover
ed himself with glory. Gen. Worth has been
appointed Governor ofthe city of Mexico, and
was acting as such as late as the 24th of Sep
tember. letters©!* which date have been received
by commercial houses ofTatnpico. We have
not been able to learn anything definite of Gen.
Pillow and his wounds, but from the t'tal si
lence of letters in regard to him which make
mention of our losses, we are persuaded that
he has not been killed, and we hope not won tid
ed. We cannot learn that either Gen Worth
or Gen. Smith have been wounded, but Maj.
Capers, an intimate personal friend of Gen.
Worth, who came passenger on the Alabama,
is entirely satisfied of Gen. Worth’s safetv. In
this connection we may mention that Maj. Ca
pers is the bearer of despatches from T ampi
co for Washington. He has with him, also,
letters, private and unofficial, from various
sourcesiu the city of Mexico, which make in
cidental mention of public affairs, which letters
will be communicated to our Government. It
is from this gentleman we learn Mich informa
tion as we possess of the loss of our army in
the recent engagements, which is unexpected
ly small. The Mexican accounts made it ex
ceed one thousand men in killed and wounded,
while more authentic accounts from English
sources set it down at four hundred and seven
ty or eighty, all told. The number of Ameri
can officers killed is said lobe 27. and the num
ber wounded 45. The only individual men
tionedfamoiig the killed is Capt. Albemarle Ca
dy, of the 6th Infantry, an accomplished officer,
a graduate of West Point and a native of New
Hampshire. It is somewhat singular that so
little should have transpired in regard to our
loss, but with all diligence we have been una
ble to learn anything more. The Mexican loss
is set down in round numbers at 3060 killed
and wounded. We do not attach much credit
to this estimate. The accounts from Tampico
confirm the death of Gen Bravo, killed fight
ing bravely, but our Vera Cruz correspondent
discredits the report that Santa Anna was
wounded, though it is reiterated by the Patria's
adv ices, which say that he also lost his horse in
the retreat bv the route ofTiilaticingo.
From the circular which is given in another
column to the commandants of the different
States of Mexico, announcing the abandonment
ofthe capital by Santa Anna, we are pursuad
ed that the fighting for its possession ended on
the 13th of September. From the moment that
Santa Yiina fell back upon Guadaloupe, the
position ofGen. Scott become assured, so tar
as the Mexican army was concerned. The
>ame considerations which influenced Santa
\nna not to prolong the defence of the city,
would restrain him from molesting Gen. Scott
m its quiet occupation. But if we are thus re
lieved from all apprehension in regard *.o Gen.
Scott’s army from this source—and we have
not thought the alarm fell for him in tome quar
ters well founded—we have to deplore the ca
lamities which have overtaken the city ofMexi
co Ironi another source, and which are much
more formidable than could have resulted from
our occupation: nor do they fail to excite alarm
lest our army has suflered from the same
cause.
According to the .Irro fris of Vera Cruz of
the 26ih nit received here by /.«* Patriit, letters
from Jalapa ami Orizaba announce that imme
diately alter Santa Anna abandoned the capi
tal. ami as soon as lhe populace felt them
selves relieved from the restraint of his bayo
nets. the Lepers commenced the work ot sack
ing the cilv . plundering the houses ot Mexicans
as well a foreignersand committing all species of
excesses. During this pillaging, these accounts
sav that a div i-ion ofthe American army entered
the cay to restore order—verbal accounts say
that their aid had been solicited by the magis
trates. \ centlict ensued between these troops
and the rabble, m which some accounts say that
lhe vvholedivision was cutoff, while others say
that one portion was driven back to the gates
and citadel, and yet another took refuge in the
convent of San Francisco, abandoning two
pieces of artillery to the Itperos. The accounts
go on to say that Gen. Scott was then cvmpett
| cd to bombard the city from the citadel and
: »tiler commanding points to reduce it to sub
i jection. Such in brief are the rumors we de
rive from the .Irro Ins and La Patrut. From
Eampico we have another version ot die same
>«orv. ’Fhe following w e translate from a let
ter with which we havebeen courteously favor
ed by a Spanish house :
TAMPico. Septend>er 25.
" ’’ ha.-’ news from M-xico which announces the
*mg ot Chapuhepic bv Gen. Scott, wh- the same
■ ■ 5 ; < . -
. H
" • ' • ' fell back up • 1 ■
1 ... ..
I '.mee: ;> .y <ent 1500 men w ith four pieces ot artil-
. I the Palac
.town -.fx-rs with their amllerv. but the hums
" “ u ■ ' 1 '".'* plstued their national ffag caosed an
nr« n a.n.'cg tfe,. and in their furv
; - 1 despat - the 1500 Araer »ns
< i Santa Anna wu made acquainted with thw
occurrence. Ue uumediate;y returned with 10.000
the news
’ • Bl ’ -
-nd we believe that everythiag il; :r.
the capua!
U e could add Other versions of the above
news which we have received in abundance
trom different sources, but from the variom.
contradictions between the different stories, and
some comparison of facts our is verv
decided that the rumors are grossly exaggerated
and lhat they all grow out of the excesses of the
leperos. whom, very possibly, Gen. Scott found
much difficulty in reducing to order. This class
of vagabonds, corresponding very nearly to the
lazzaroni ofNaples, is extremely numerous in
Mexico. Ward estimated the number in the
city as high as twenty thousand in 1823, and
their number is probably very much larger now.
These recent excesses committed by them are
by no means unexpected ; the true character of
the wretches and the necessity of keeping them
continually under military restraint have long
been known to intelligent foreigners living in
Mexico and men of property there have long
feared this identical calamity. As at presentin
formed, we are willing to believe that the de
struction of property by them has been very
great—possibly the Mexican estimate of two or
three millions lost may not be exaggerated; but
we are not at all prepared to believe that Gen.
Scott has sustained any such loss as is pretend
ed, nor upon the evidence thus far advanced
do we think that he probably bombarded the
capital after Santa Anna abandoned it. He
would avoid such a measure if he could possi
bly do so.
The next feature ofimportance in the news
is the rumored resignation of Santa Anna. It
is mentioned in the letter of our Vera Cruz cor
respondent in another column. This is con
firmed by La Patria, which says the instrument
of resignation is dated from Guadaloupe, the 6th
of September. Senor Pena y Pena, on whom,
with two associates, supreme poweris devolved
till Congress makes an election, is President
of the Supreme Court of Justice. There is
particular mention made of Santa Anna’s pro
clamation, and we have heard it was in town,
but have not been able to find it. There is
nothing improbable in Santa Anna’s resigna
tion of his civil authority. He is proverbially
loud of this coup d ctut. nor is there at p resent
anything attractive in the exercise of civil au
thority in Mexico But La Patria's letters
say that Gen. Herrera is now in command of
the army, and will proceed with 14,600 men to
station himselfat Queretaro, where it is intended
that the Mexican Congress shall reassemble.—
Among other rumors it is said that Santa Anna
has moved towards Puebla with 2000 horse,
and that Paredes is raising troops with some
success in the great State of Jalisco. We have
little faith in these details.
One of La Patria's rumors is that Gan. Rea
had entered Puebla with 6000 men, and that
the American commandant has been compelled
to bombard the town from the heights bv
which he commands it. We shall not yield cre
dence to this rumor till we have it confirmed.
A few words now in regard to the guerrillas
and we have done. We look with no kind of
apprehension upon the alleged stand of the
Mexicans at Cerro Gordo. We believe that
General Lane w ill promptly disperse them. As
the guerrillas, however, w ill continue to avail
themselves of the natural strength of such po
sitions upon the road as will best enable them
to harrass our trains, we believe it will be found
advisable to occupy the most eligible of those
permanently. We hope this may be done at
once, as contemplated originally by Colonel
Hughes. We have further accounts of the at
tacks of guerrillas upon trains and detached
parties, but we believe that already sufficient
lias been said about them. We have seen a let
ter from Lieut. Waters, of Captain Besancon’s
company, dated from Jalapa the 15th ult. It
confirms previous accounts of the repeated at
tempts made upon Major Lally’s train.
The steamer Fashion arrived at Vera Cruz
on the 26th ult. She would probably await
there the arrival of the English courier, who
was expected down last Thursday or Friday.
We think the Fashion may now be looked for
hourly, and we sincerely hope with fall and au
thentic advices.
Further Particulars of the Battle of Cha
pultrpect
Santa Anna and his Army driven out, and Gen.
Scott in Jull possession of the City of Mexico.
The New York Sun published on Monday
evening a letter from a Spanish Mexican in the
city of Mexico, to a Spanish house in New
York, which gives a more full account of the
recent proceedings in Mexico than has reached
us from any other quarter. Indeed, its naira
live comes down to the 16th, three days later
than was received in any of the accounts
brought by the James L. Day, at New Orleans,
which have been published This letter, which
moreover is Mexican authority, states that Gen.
Scott was in actual possession of the capital. It
is said to have come by w ay of Orizaba, under
cover to Mr. Dimond. at X era Cruz. We
give the following extracts:
City of Mexico. Sept. 16th. 1847.
On the F.lih inst. the Americans made a de
monstration on Chapultepec and the mill of El
Rey, but our generals were prepared for them.
Chapultepec. you know, i&sit
uated between Ticubaya and the city, within
cannon-shot of the former and some three miles
of the latter. It is ahold hill overlooking a
vast range of country, which enabled our sol
diers to watch every mameuvre of the enemy
It also commands the road from Tacubaya to
the city, which runs close to its base, and it can
only be ascended by a circuitous.paved-way.
which after turning a certain angle, is exposed
to the full range of the fortress guns. As the
Americans ascended the hill a perfect storm of
musket balls and giapc shot drove them back
with heavy loss. They recovered aifd advanced
again, but w ere repulsed.
Our troops fought with desperate valor, wor
thy the character of Mexicans. The enemy
also fought bravely—lns men seemed like so
many devils, w hom it was impossible to defeat
without annihilation, lie made a third and
last charge with fresh force and heavy guns, and
our gallant troops having exhausted .heir grape
shot. were forced, very unwillingly to retreat
ami yield up the fortress, of winch the enemy
took possession. Our soldiers retreated to
wards the citv. but w ere unforlunately cut off’
by a detachment of the enemy’s cavalry, and
abouta thousand were made prisoners, but were
: soon released, as the enemy had no men to
guard them. The enemy then opened his bat
teries on the Mill of IJ Rey. (Kings Mill) close
upon Chapultepec, winch after obstinate fight
ing ami great loss to the Americans, we were
obliged to abandon.
The two actions continued over nine hours,
and were the !*everest, considering our small
number of soldiers and the enemy *s large force,
that have been fought. Our loss iti killed ami
wounded was not more than 300. while the
enemy lost over 400, or at least such was the
• report of deserters from the American ramp
| who came to us in the evening. Seeing that
the city would inevitable be attacked. Gen.
Santa Anna, during the actions, caused a num
ber of trenches to be cut across the road leading
to the citv. w hich were Hooded w ith w ater. On
the morning of the I 4 th. before day light the ene-
I my. with a part of his force, commenced his
I march upon the city. Our soldiers, posted be
: hind the arches of'the aqueducts and several
, breastworks winch had been hastily thrown up.
! annoyed him so severely, together with the
i trenches which he had to bridge over, that he
i did not arrive at the gates until late in theafter-
I noon. Here halted and attempted to bom
' bard the city, w hi< h he did during the balance
of the day and the day follow ing, doing im
mense damage. In some cases whole blocks
1 w ere destroyed and a great number of men, wo-
I men and children killed and wounded. The
I picture was aw fid. One deafening roar filled
I our ears, one cloud of smoke met our ex es. now
and then mixed with llatnc. and amid it all, we
could hear the various shrieks of the wounded
and dying
But the city bravely resisted the hundreds of
firing shells. It hurled back defiance to the
blood-thirsty Yankee, and convinced him that
his bomb* could net reduce the Mexican capi
tal. The enemy then changed his plan, and de
termined to enter the city, where we prepared
to meet him.
Having barricaded the streets with sand
i bags, and provided on the housetops and at
: the windows for all who could bear arms or mis
siles, stones, bricks. &c . to throw on tiie heads
lof the enemy. Before General Scott had fairly
passed the gates he found the difficulty of his
position. A perfect torrent of balls and stones
rained upon his troops. Many were killed and
more wounded. Bnll he kept advancing until
he gained the entrance of two streets leading
direct to the Piaza.
Finding that he could not oppose himself to
our soldiers, and that he was losing his men ra
pidly. Gen. Scott took possession of the convent
of San Isador. which extends back to the centie
; of a block, and at once set Ins sappers and mi
ners to cutting away directly through the
blocks of buildings, in some instances w hole
i houses were blown up to facilitate his pro-
■ gross ; but after se\ ral hours he again emerged
i into the street, and finally gained the Plaza
• with great loss. On entering the Plaza a bea
-1 vv fire was opened on him from the Palace and
■ the Cathedral, which were filled and covered
• w ith our patriotic troops.
Finding himself thus assaulted, the enemy
• drew out his forces in the Plaza, and opened a
cannonade on the Palace and Cathedral, firing
over one hundred shots, which did immense
damage to the buddings and caused a severe
loss of killed and wounded. Seeing further
resistance useless, our soldiers ceased firing,
andon the 15th of September ■/nd day!) rhe
enemy was in possession of the Mexican capi
tal. Though we inflicted havoc and death
upon the Yankees, we suffered greatly our
selves.
Many were killed by the blowing up of the
houses, many by the bombardment, but more
bv die confusion which prevailed m the city,
and altogether we cannot count our killed,
wounded and missing since the action com
menced yts’.erd y at los than 4 "’JO. among
whom are many women and children. The
enemy confessed a loss of over 1.000: it is no
doubt much greater. What a calami’y ! But
Mexico v li yet have vengeance. God will
avenge us for our sufferings.
Santa Am it ne wit s _ tends ind
all the trot p> he could draw otfto Guadaloupe.
He is said to be wounded severely. W e have
lost heroic officers and brace men n these two
days. I cannot foresee what is to come Thou
sands are gathering upon the bids around the
city determined to cut offali supp'iesand star* e
the enemy who has so audaciously entered it.
Gen Scott maj yet find tl it Mexico s not
vanquished. He may find our lakes bursting
their barriers and filling tins beautiful valley,
to annihilate the infamous Americans
August a, (5 ft.:
TUESDAY MORNING, OCT. 158, 1«47.
The Wickedness of the Administration.
< >ur readers will recollect that Mr. Polk sent
Mr. Slidell as Minister Plenipotentiary
and Envoy' Extraordinary to Mexico, and
that he was not received as such by the Govern
ment. They will recollect, also, that the Mex
icans had agreed to receive a commissioner, and
were willing to receive such when they reject
ed Mr. Slidell as a Minister Plenipotenti
ary.
The history of that diplomatic failure shows
that Mr. Polk made the rejection of Mr. Sli
dell a just and immediate cause for the march
of our army from Corpus Christi to the Rio
Grande, and intended that movement for war,
and not for the protection of Texas from a Mex
ican invasion.
This we will prove to every candid mind.
On the 20th of January, 1846, seven days after
the order for the march of the army to the Rio
Grande, Mr. Buchanan, in laying the views of
the President before Mr. Slidell, said to him
in case of his rejection :
“ Nothing will then remain for the Government but
to take the redress of the icrongs of its citizens into
its own hands. The desire of the President is, that
yon (Mr. Slidell) should conduct yourself with such
wisdom and firmness in the crisis, that the voice of the
American people shall be unanimous in redressing
the wrongs of our much injured and long suffering
claimants?’
Again he said:
“In the meantime, the President, in anticipation
of the final refusal of the Mexican Government to
receive you, has ordered the army in Texas to ad
vance and take position on the Hio Grande; and
lias directed that a st ongfleet shall be immediately
assembledin the Gulf of Mexico! He will thus be
pri pzired to act icith vigor and promptitude, the mo
ment shall give him the authority.”
Now we ask every candid reader (Democrat
or Whig) if this did not contemplate war, in
case rejection of Mr. Slidell. Does
avow that the army was sent to
the Rio Grande to be ready to strike an effec
tual blow in that event? and yet the President
declared in his message, that it was sent there to
protect Texas against a Mexican invasion ! Is
there not in this a glaring inconsistency. But,
our object is not so much to show this discre
pancy, as to point, or rather hold up to public
observation, a feature in this transaction revolt
ing to reason and common sense, and utterly
indefensible, as will be shown by the acts of the
Administration itself.
The Mexicans agreed to receive a Commis
sioner to treat upon the Texas question, and
Mr. Polk, instead of sending a Commissioner,
sent a Minister. Was that right ? was Mexi
co bound to receive a Minister? All di
plomatic relations between the two countries
had been broken off on account of the annex
ation of Texas, and did not Mexico, according
to the usage of civilized nations, have a right
to object to the reception of a Minister till the
disturbed relations of the two countries could
be removed. Let us substitute our own coun
try in the place of Mexico. Suppose the Uni
ted States were at variance with Great Britain,
and, in order to settle the dispute, had agreed
to receive a Commissioner, and that country
sent a Minister, and insisted upon his being re
ceived. We say, suppose such had been the
case : is there an American citizen who would
have agreed to receive him ! Is there one who
would not have rejected him with indignant
pride, and unmingled scorn ?
But for this act on the part of Mexico, Mr.
Polk was preparing to unsheathe the sword,
and turn loose the demon of war. If he had
sent a Commissioner, or instructed Mr Sli
dell to present himself as such, is it not alto
gether probable that no war would have en
sued, and the most friendly relations would
have been re-established between the two coun
tries? Did the national honor require that Mr.
Slidell should be accredited as a .Minister
Plenipotentiary? Would the United States
have lost character in the eyes of the world by
an act of courtesy to a weak and distracted
power like Mexico? Would the President
have treated England thus, or France, or any
other great and formidable power ? Mr. Polk
resolved on forcing Mexico to submit to his
terms at the iiazard of war. Has he carried
them otil? Has tie not yielded at last? Let
us see.
Mr. Secretary Buchanan in March, 1847,
about omryear after the transaction of which
we have been treating, and after the President
had become somewhat sick of the tear, wrote
as follows to the Chairman of the Committee
of Finance.
‘•Should the Mexican Government consent to open
negotiations before the meeting of Congress, they
might and probably would prefer to treat for peace
with one or more O mmisiauners on the part of the
United Stales, rather than irilh an Envoy Extraor
dinary and Minister Plenipotentiary. I would,
therefore, respectfully suggest to you the propriety of
making an appropriation to meet such a contingency.”
The appointment of Mr. Trist as Commis
sioner is familiar Io all. from the exciting inter
est very recently taken in bis efforts at negoti
ation. What a graceless descent from an En
voy Extraordinary, to Mr. Commissioner
Trist! Mi- Polk came down at last to the
Mexican requisition : but alas! he came down
to it along a track of desolation and carnage—
a track covered with a horrid waste of life and
treasure.
How much more glorious would it have been
to have converted Mr. Slidell from a Minister
to a Commissioner! How many bosoms, now
still in death, would have been pulsating with
life and glowing with affection. That miser
able pride—that cold unmanly ambition—that
would force a Minister upon Mexico that un
locked the gates of peace to the fiery entrance
of war- Mr. Polk could not give up the
paltry ambition to shake the magnificent robes
of a Minister Plenipotentiary in the face of
Mexico, and thousands of bleeding heartshave
been offered in sacrifice to his paltry ambition.
Is this fancy or fa t ? Read, examine the tes
timony, and decide as friends of humanity
should.
Mr. Pot k could not brook the idea of a com
missioner to Mexico, at first ; but at last, after
streams of blood have been shed, he crawls
down from a Minister to a Commissione.', and
finds, too, that his propositions are rejected,
and peace continues shrouded with the clouds
of war. Before the war, everv question could
have been easily adjusted now, who can tel*
when the tragic drama wiil end ?
From the National Intelligencer, inst.
Maryland Election.
Trie storm of Thursday night, some account
of which is given in another column. having in
terrupted the communication by railroad be
tween this city and Baltimore, deprives us of
the benefit of anv accounts by mail from the
East.
By means of*the Telegraph, however, we
have received from our Baltimore correspon
dent the cheering assurance that the Whigs of
Mary land, at the regular election on Wednes
day last. carried four out of the •' i ix Represen
tatives in Congress to which that State is en
titled, being a gain of two Members ami se
curing beyund any contingency a Whig majori
ty in the next House of Representatives. The
names of the successful candidates areas fol
lows : John G. Chapman. J. Dixon Rotpan.
Alexander Evans, and John W. Grisfield,
Whigs: Thomas W. Ligon and Robert M.
McLane, Democrats.
We are sorry to learn that no doubt is any
longer entertained of the election of Philip F.
Thomas, the Democratic candidate for (gov
ernor. by atnajoritv of seven or eight hundred.
We regret the defeated the worthy Whig can
didate. William T . Goldsborough. w hich is to
be attributed to the exertions of the Govern
ment in the citv of Baltimore, and the negli
gence of the Whigs in some of the strongest
\\ hig counties of the State.
The Legislature of the State will be decided
ly M hig.
From the despatch of our correspondent we
infer that the rain storm of Thursday night
was quite as severe at Baltimore as in tins city.
The bridges over the Patap-co and Patuxent
rivers, both on the railroad and turnpike, are
swept off, and the dams of five mills destroyed.
Jones’s Falls, at Baltimore, overflowed and
flooded some of the lower streets, doing much
damage to property.
This Beats At j. —Coder the head of "Veg
etable Curiosities.” the editor of the Rochester
Daily Advertiser thus speaketh ; "We were
yesterday shown the limb of an apple tree that
had upon it. within the space of seventeen in
ches no less than sixty-five apples They were
placed upon the stick like kernels upon a corn
cob. Yesterdav we saw a cucumber that beats
all.' Its length is three feet eleven inches and
a fraction ’ .’ also, a peach tree about two feet
long, which bore sixty-three peaches
Porthc Chronicle ij* Sentinel.
Messrs. Editors. —Iseethatiny brief article has
had the effect to render the correspondent of the
“ Georgia Telegraph,” exceedingly unainiable. The
truth, though clothed in humble dress, seems to be an
unwelcome visiter at his door; it has had the effect to
ruffle his passions, and to place him in an “ unbalanced
attitude.” It has so deranged his composure of
mind, as to lead him to all manner of extravagance in
thought and in mind; so lhat we find him raving
like a madman and belching forth invective, denun
ciation and abuse as freely as though it were the na
tural product of the mind. His billingsgate as to me,
is without measure, but as to that I do not complain,
since its use, is always a matter of taste, and arises
alone from the consciousness of a weak and feeble
cause. The facility of its use, grows out of a man’s
education and his associations. When the correspon
dent came however, to speak of the decisions of one
of our Circuit Judges, he became tremulous with rage,
and with the distorted vision of a madman, he saw the
bloody Jeffries in judgment —the fata! axe uplifted,
and the shroud and the coffin. Now, the mind of man
is a strange compound, indeed. Some portions of it
may be sound, healthful and active, while others are
totally and radically diseased. Hence, wc see men
generally rational, and yet, on one or two subjects,
utterly deranged. The correspondent happens to be
thus unhappily situated; he has conceived the idea
that he is doomed, sooner or later, to be sacrificed —
that one ofour Judges has had erected in some far re
moved wood, a guillotine, where he is to stroll by ac
cident—be picked up and executed. This is the fate
which haunts his imagination by day and by night,
when in a particular state of mind. His friends think
that a particular stage of the moon is unfavorable to
a sane state of mind with him. During these periods
you cannot mention the name of this Judge, in con
versation even, but he bursts out into the most extrava
gant denunciation and abuse of him, ami so long as
you will listen to him, so long will he rave, and like
all other monomaniacs, looking for safety in his deli
rium, he invariably closes with the remark, that “ he
has no unkind feeling to him,” thinking that this will
certainly propitiate the Judge’s revenge. Now- some
persons might think from the violently pursued and
insulting remarks of the correspondent, that he did in
dulge in unkind feelings towards the Judge ; others
might think that he had some private pique to grati
fy, and that he preferred to assail a Judge whose
hands were manacled by the law, rather than an indi
vidual whose hands were loose. Now it is true that some
persons might be thus influenced, but the correspon
dent is not of that class. He as conscientiously be
lieves ii to be his duty to vilify and traduce that
Judge to save his country, as the Mahomedan visits
Mecca, with the purpose of religious salvation to his
soul. Andi should not be surprised to hear at any
moment, that he had headed an insurrection against
the Judge.
In his lucid intervals he has read largely of the
“ History of the Inquisition.” Jeffries is the charac
ter which has mostly affected his imagination, and
whenever that morbid feeling conies over him, which
renders him so unpleasant, his thoughts wander most
strangely to the connection between Jellries and the
Judge.
As to his reply to my article, it is not necessary
that I should rejoin. He shows plainly that he has
neither read my remarks through, nor has he read
Kelly’s reports. He is most stupidly ignorant of t;e
whole subject about which he scribbles. There is
scarcely a trace of truth- in one of his statements;
perhaps ignorance, may be ill-health, may be urged tis
an apology for his gross dereliction in so greatjiparticu
lar. Be that as it may, it would be labor lost to try
to persuade, convince, or enlighten one so stupid and
so ignorant. After he has become sane—informs him
self as to the matters in controversy, and then writes a
sensible, decent, gentlemanly reply to my remarks, 1
will then take some trouble to relieve his mind from
its errors, if, after that attention bestowed upon the
subject, he should not be convinced that he is now alto
gether in error. 1 will discuss at all times with a sane
.-•nd respectful opponent, the great questions of con
stitutional law, which our Supreme Court have tram
pled under Glut. They are dear to every Georgian,
ami if 1 have? misconceived them, let me be relieved
from'my error. I was cradled, it is true, in poverty,
ami raised in obscurity, but my reading has always
told me that all men enjoy a legal equality in •tl«c
(’ourt House ; and it is a new doctrine. and one against
which I shall forever war, as well as against its sup
porters, that no man is the equal us another, “ who
from situation, condition and employment in life,
does not think as he thinks, and feel as hefeels.”
Denunciation and abuse, shall never stop nor silence
my .opposition to it. Passion and ill-humor cannot
prevent the public mind from thinking. The corres
pondent may abuse, vilify and traduce —I shall rea
. son with the people.
The policy may be resorted to, of denouncing all
who will not subscribe to it, either as a ‘disappointed
Judge’ or ‘lawyer? The retainers of the author and
advocate of such doctrines may assail at will any or
all of our Judges, they may seek by abuse and per
sonal dc’raction to condemn any or all their decision—
that will all pass for what it is worth;--the daring
inroad attempted upon the just constitutional rights of
the citizens, cannot be hid by such strategy. At my
leisure I shall continue the review of the doctrines so
recently established by Judge Lumpkin, in refer
ence to legal equality among the people. Perhaps I
may have erred in attributing the doctrines promul
gated in the case of Boon to the Court. 1 have learned
that they have refused to be bound for any reason, or
comments upon principles, which may be given or
made by a Judge; and are responsible only for the
principle decided. This would fasten the doctrine
exclusively U|»on Judge Lumpkin. As such, I shall
for the future consider it.
The decisions ofour Judges have always been re
garded as the subjects of fair animadversion. The
correspondent hopes that the reverse of that right may
never come, ami yet he denounces the motives, and
acts of every one who does not dissent. The Geor
gia bar will yet remain free, and despite the tyranny
of a few, will yet presume todiffer f om any, or every
Judge in his opinions. They will openly publish
that dissent if necessary, ami a presumptuous inter
meddler, who attempts to defeat the exercise of that
right, by an impertinent assumption of the prerogative
of tongue-lashing, will meet with the contempt which
his impudence entitles him to. W hile the bar will at
all times most respectfully treat the decisions of the
Circuit or Superior Court, they claim the right and
design exercising it, ofreviewing, or dissenting from
any.
When I remarked, in substance, in my former
number, that some of the decisions of some of the
Judges of the Supreme Court seemed to invite the
spirit of denunciation against the Circuit Judges, some
of the pr >fession thought the remark harsh—they
now see, however, the remark verified in the tone and
manner of the correspondent’s article. His article is
not a defence of positions assailed, but an unprovoked
issault u|«on Circuit Judges. I will not point to the
authorship, respect for station forbids. It comes,
however, ex-cathedra.
The attack is upon lawyersand judges : a denun
ciation of the motives of each. Soletit rest. The
profession will be ready to defend its rights from
hatever source assailed, and to resist to the utmost
the principle now sought to be established —that no
man is to differ from the Supreme Court, but to re
ceive as a punish nent for that act, an aspersion of his
motives. For one. J shall maintain the “ esprit de
rorp'." and, though weal and woe. will be found by
the side nf the profession. I have never yet seen the
fir<t member of the bar who subscribes so implicitly
to the decisions complained of as does the corres
pondent, nor have I seen the first one who has ever
concurred in opinion with the Supreme Court, as to
the constitutional questions which I dissented from.
Y and old, judges and ex-judges, there are none
to be found of the several hundred lawyers of Geor
gia, who maintain the Federal doctrines promulgated
y Jud'je Lumpkin. And shall so respectable a body
! of men be denied the right of expressing a difference
| of opinion with him, at the hazard of being aspersed
!as to inotiv..- That Court has time and again de -
■ ciared that they were not responsible f r any thing
j c Drained in the decisions but the principles; that the
j reasons of the decisions were the creatures of th* l par
; t. Jar Judge, and not of the Court. Now, if the
Judges will not sustain each other, is there any justice
;n denouncing the motives of others, who are wanting
in the same confidence ? Who before ever heard of
a Court not willing to bear the responsibility of rea
sons as well as principles.' Does it not show a wan
■ of confidence in or her?
1 hare made these remark*, which are foreign to
! the purpose I have in view, merely to advise the cor-
I resp idem that the pro easkm have a right to in opin
i ion. and will exercise the privilege of speech in regard
to it. 1 con Jetnn the principles set forth by Judge
. Lumpkin and which, until now, I bad supposed
i were the principles of the Court ; but as they do not
adopt his vagaries, I shall not force them upon them.
I shall mtinue to discuss the doctrines, either pub
; hcly or privately, in such a manner as will lead the
p it lie min : to a primer appreciation o: their danger
ous anti-republican tendency. Reviewer.
Steamboat Collision. The steamboats
lowa and Declaration came into collision on the
evening of Friday last, near Morgan’s bend, by
which accident the former was seriously injur
ed and sunk to her hurricane deck. It is be
lieved that three or four ol the deck passengers
of the lowa were drowned, and a discharged
volunteer killed by being struck w ith a piece
us timber. The hull of the lowa will be a to
tal loss: machinery, &.C., saved.— Pic 'Uhtnst.
From the, N. O. Picayune, but inst.
Further Mexican News*
We yesterday found opportunity to look
through a file of Mexican papers fioin the sth
to the 10th of September, both inclusive. We
find very little of interest in them to extract,
but can gather from them a very clear idea of
the spirit of hostility with which the people are
animated towards us. A very determined ef
fort is made to excite prejudice against us for
the execution of the Irish deserters. We find
this execution made the subject of an entire
supplementary number of the Diario del Gobi
emo of the 10th nit. It is in the form of an ad
dress to the Mexican people, without any sig
nature, but evidently partaking in some meas
ure of an official character. We give a trans
lation of the whole document, though we have
not a doubt that the circumstances of the exe
cution are grossly exaggerated. It gives us
the exact number hung and otherwise punish
ed :
Mexicans!- Among I he European volunteers whom
the American army has hired to kill us, there are
many unfortunate men who are convinced of the in
justice ofthis war, who profess the same Roman Cath
olic religion which we profess, but who being harrass
ed by the misery which prevails in Europe from the
want of employment and the failure of crops, have
consented to enlist. Some of these men, abjuring
their errors and following the noble impulses of their
hearts, have passed over to our army to defend our
just cause. From these, his Excellency the President
formed the Foreign Legion, known under the name
of the Company of St. Patrick. At La Angostura and
at Churubusco they bore themselves with the highest
intrepidity, and alter the enemy had gained posses
sion of this last point, which was only after its defen
ders had exhausted their last cartridges, the}’ were
made prisoners.
The generals of the American army, who cannot
count upon their soldiers in a war so iniquitous save
through the influence of acts of ferocity, were deter
mined to shoot these Irishmen. Scarcely was this
known in this city, before every breast was filled with
horror at the thought. His Excellency, the Minister
of Relations, in a touching letter to the English Con
sul, the estimable lady of her Britannic Majesty’s
Minister, various private individuals, both Mexicans
and foreigners, we ourselves, and even the ladies of
families residing at Tacubaya, interceded for these
brave men; and we expected that if they could not be
pardoned, they would at least be spared capital pun
ishment.
It would have been deemed base and repugnant to
the laws of civilization as practised in modern wars
to oiler the bloody spectacle of the execution of these
men ; anti yet it could have been palliated to a certain
extent by the part which these men took in the de
fence of Churubusco; but they had no share whatever
in the slaughter which was made the day before yes
terday upon the heights of the King’s Mill. Well,
then, will you believe it, my countrymen ? this day,
in cold blood, these Caribs, from an impulse of super
stition, and after the manner of savages, and as prac
tised in the days of Homer, have hung up these men
as a holocaust —they have themselves said it —to the
names of the general or generals who there fell! And
in what manner did they hang them ? Noosing them
by the neck as they stood upon the ground, ami so sus
pending them that they died “by inches,” strangled
by their own weight, the mode adopted being such
that their horrible agony lasted more than one hour. —
A spectacle worthy of such men, or rather of demons
escaped from hell! This they did with eighteen of
these unhappy men, and among them the brave (’apt.
Reilly, whose head they stuck upon a spike and plant
ed at Churubusco. To six others, who proved that
they had not volunteered but been impressed, they
gave two hundred lashes each, and compelled them to
dig the graves of their companions!
Mexicans: — These are the men who call us barba
rians and say they come to civilize us : these are the
men who have plundered the houses of the surround
ing villages, who have stolen children from their fami
lies, who have slept in the niches devoted to the sacred
dead, who have, with blasphemous revelry, clothed
themselves in the ornaments of the altars, who have
thrown upon the ground the body of Jesus Christ, and
have made themselves druiQc in drinking out of the
sacred vessels. Accursed may they be of all Chris
tians, as they are of < «od !
Countrymen: — The Supreme Government com
manded its commissioners, as you have seen it already
published, that they should inquire of*their commis
sioners'first of all, why they had brought war upon
our Republic with blood and fire? What injuries we
have <lone to them that they should thus setjjc to re
venge themselves ? 'J'heir mode of concealing their
confusion at not being able to reply to these inquiries,
and of satisfying their displeasure because we would
not consent to an ignominious peace, has been to light
up anew the flames of war, to send us from the King’s
Mill da j before yesterday our assassinated country
men, who had in no manner offended them, und to
glut their diabolical rage upon the. defenceless men
whom they had in their power.
.Mexicans: — The Supreme Government conjures us
in the.name of the honor of our race, in the name of
our dignity as men andof'Goo himself’, that we should
all unite by one unanimous and continued effort to re
venge these great outrages, to yield never to dismay
and wage this war without truce and without relent
ing. May remorse seize upon every selfish orcow*-
an|Jy Mexican who cannot say to himself that he has
fulfilled every duty as a public officer and a good cit
izen ; who has not contributed by every means in his
i power towards this war —with his persoji, with the in
fluence of his position* with a part of his fortune, w ith
' his labor, by 'maintaining a number of soldiers, by aid
: ing-<‘Ucry way those who fight, ami who has not so
employed the means which God has given him for his
service and that of the country in which God Ijps
placed him, that His images shall not be cast down,
nor His holy name blasphemed.
.Mexico, September 10, 1847.
The Mexicans appoor jn a great measure to
have laid aside the contemptible boasting strain
in which they formerly spoke of Americans be
fore they I rad tried our prowess in the field.—
They have assumed a somewhat new, depre
‘ eating and remonstrating attitude. It would ap
pear that they have learned nothing of our
viewsf om the negotiations and correspondence
which have so recently taken place—the full
details of which, save Mr. Trist’s concluding
letter, have been spread before the country. —
We find such articles as the following in their
i papers, written in the most earnest spirit—we
i translate one of the leaders of’ the Diario del
, Gobiemo after the battle of the King’s Mill.
Questions for for Polk, for that part ofthe
j>c pie of tJte United States in favor of the war,
for all that nation and for the world.
What is the cause, what the impelling motive thit
the United States of America have brought pillage,
desolation and death upon the Mexican Republic?
What offences has this Republic committed ?
What reasonable or just aim does that Government
entertain, to gain winch it has adopted measures so
barbarous and unworthy of Christians and civilized
people ?
Does it suppose that by such conduct, worthy of
freebooters and savages, it can vindicate lights which
can only be legally asserted by means of pacific ne
gotiations ?
From the com I net pursued by the American < Jovrro
ment, what can possibly ensue but a war at once in
terminable and of extermination, inasmuch as the Mex
ican Republic is deh rmined to disappear from the cat
alogue of nations, rather than consent to humiliation
and disgrace !
This indicates very clearly to our mind that
the Mexicans have had a surfeit of lighting,
j though their blind obstinacy is by no means
I subdued. The very next article in the Diario
before us is a letter from the Governor of Gu
anajuato to the Minister of Foreign Relations,
acknowledging the receipt of a letter announc
ing the determination of the Government to
submit to no concessions which shall compro
mise Mexican honor. The Guanajuato official
approves this determination oflhe Central Go
vernment, and tenders the assistance of that
State, in money and men, to the full extent of
it< resources.
From the State of Jalisco, too. we have like
accounts. The official proclamations, which
were issued upon the receipt of the news of the
battle of Churubusco, or San Angel as the
Mexicans term it. breathe war to the knife.
They must never lay down their arms so long
as a single American pollutes the soil of the
country ; their remains must be consigned to
the same earth in which repose the victims of
Palo Alto. Resaca, Monterey, Angostura, Cer
ro Gordo and San Angel—the enumeration is
not ours. Providence has reserved for Jalisco
the honor of humiliating the American pride.
Let us, says the Governor, give the world oc
casion to say, - Jalisco was the cradle of the
liberty of the Mexican Republic, and the tomb
of the conquerors of the North. " But in case
the issue of the struggle should be unpropi
tious. it only remains for the Jaliscans to find
a common grave with their enemies, and ad
miring posterity will exclaim. “ Jalisco lost
her independence, but linked her honor with hrr
tomb.''
Other stuff of this nature is given, but not a
word is lisped by which we can learn whether
Pare les is in Guadalajara. According to the
last accounts received, instead of being at the
head of 61)00 men on the Puebla route, he was
1 endeavoring to drum up recruits through Jalis-
From Tamaulipas, too, we have an address
suggested by the late renewal of hostilities. It
encourages the citizens to rally once again
i for the contest, which may be determined by
; another effort. The Governor finds a good
• deal of encouragement in the partial successes
| of their arms in resisting Gen. Scott's recent
; attempts upon the capital. But it cannot be
j necessary for us to go further into detail to
| day to show that so far, in no part of the coun
' trv do we detect any signs of wavering on the
i part of the Mexicans: we can see no indica
tion of a desire for peace. We will conclude
our excerpt- to-day with a translation of an
address by Santa Antia issued upon the re
sumption of hostilities.
7’.- President Provisional of the Republic and
Commandcr-in-Chief of the Army to the Nation:
Countrymen— The enemy, availing himself of idle
pretexts, has determi red • • c« mui* nee h >stilitif s upon
your beautiful city. Presuming ns tn be disheartened
and humiliated by the reverses of fortune, he expec
ted that I s . -uld subscribe a treaty by which the ter
ritory of the Republic would have been essentially re
duced, and the Republic covered with shame and ig
nominy. Mexicans d*< not deserve a fate so ignomin
ious, and having been called upon spontaneously to
direct their destin.es, I have felt it my duty to respond
with all I ya'.ty to their signal mark of confidence,
preserving those precious rights which cannot be alien
ated, and thus affording an example of energy and
firmness which arc the glory of nation*.
The enemy had proclaimed that they would propose
to us a peace honorable for both nations, and it became
our duty to listen to them, that their treachery miziit
ne made known. Their propositions and all the sequel
of the n<g>l iiliums are t> be published,sothat tbeciv
iiized world may see that we are ready to sacrifice
all that our honor w odd permit us to sacrifice ; and
that on the other hand our enemies set up measureless
pretensions, which would have destroyed the Repub
lic and converted it into a miserable c-lony of the Uni
te 1 States. To s icb audacity we could ; pose n th
ing out our firmness and our valor.
Altxirans'. — You will find me. as ever, leadinzin
your defence, striving to tree you from a heavy yoke,
and to preserve yoor altars from infamous violation,
and your daughters and your wives from the extremi
ty of insult The enemy raises the sword to wound
the rancorous pride oft he invader.
Mexico ns .'—Forever live the independence of the
country.
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.
.We.tico, September 7, 1847.
Official Despatch from Major Lally.
The following letter from Major Lally was
addressed lo Col. Wils<>„, at Vera Cruz, and
by him forwarded to Adjutant General R.
Jones, in this city :
~, Headquarters, Jalapa, Avgust 26,1847
1 Vtra --My com-
mand reached this place on the morning of the 20th
instant M e have fought our way triumphantly every
meh of th‘route, but have had severe contests—nay
battles--with the guerrillas; on the 10th, at Paso
Ovejas, (as before reported ; ) on the 12th August at
the National Bridge ; on the 15th of August at Cerro
Gordo, and on the 19th at Las Animas, only a mile
and a half from this city. Not a wagon has fallen
into the hands of the enemy. We have been oppos
ed by at least 1,200 or 1,500 guerrillas on these occa
sions—perhaps less at the last, for they were badly
whipped at Cerro Gordo, where their loss was so
large that they could not reorganize. Father Jarauta
commanded them. Our loss is great. During the
entire march, 7 ofllcers wounded; 12of ra;ik and file
killed ; 5 mortal®? wounded : 66 wounded. Os this
number, 4 killed and 4 wounded were at places else
where than the four actions named above. I regret
to say that, at the National Bridge, Mr. George D.
Twiggs, (expectinga commission, and to be A. D. C.
to Gen. T.) was killed while gallantly serving in my
staff; Capt. J. H. Caldwell, of Voltigenrs, and Capt.
A. C. Cummings, 11th infantry, were wounded on
the 10th, (as before reported:) both are doing well now.
At National Bridge, Lieut. James A. Winder, <>f
voltigcurs, and Lieut. George A. Adams, of marine
corps, were dangerously wounded; also, on the same
day, Capt W. J. Clark, 12th infantry, in the thigh ;
2d Lieut. Charles M. Crearor, 12th infantry, not se
verely, in the leg. At Las Animas, on the 19th,
Major F. T. Lally, 9th infantry, commanding officer,
was wounded in the neck, not severely, but has, for
a few days, been disabled from command. A large
number of sick have accumulated, besides our wound
ed ; and wc shall be compelled to remain here many
davs to recruit. I cannot too much praise the gal
lantry of the officers; the men, raw and uninstructed,
have gradually acquired confidence. Col. Wynkoop
arrived from Perote on the 24tli, having heard wc
were in danger at Cerro Gordo. We waited three
days for your reinforcement, and, hearing of it at
Plan del Rio, sent back a body of dragoons to Nation
al Bridge, who, finding it in possession of the enemy,
we concluded that it was repulsed. lam pained at
the rumor we heard of the loss of some of its wagons.
Dr. Cooper and 13 dragoons reached us.
I cannot too earnestly recommend that you assume
the authority to order the reoccupation of this city.
Even if Gen. Scott was not before the city of Mexico,
and beyond the reach of reinforcements, you perceive
that trains are constantly endangered by guerrillas,
and I am satisfied that this city has been their head
quarters, and that their chief supplies have been for
warded from here. Their spirits have been raised by
absence of the troops. lam certain that Gen. Scott,
on the spot, would order its reoccupation. Colonel
Wynkoop concurs in its importance.
Very truly yours, F. T. Lally,
Major 9th Infantry, commanding.
We understand that Major Lally’s sugges
tion has been anticipated, and that orders were
issued on the 12th of August, from the office of
the Adjutant General, directing the re-occupa
tion of Jalapa. We presume that, before this
time, a military post has been established in that
city. We cannot doubt that Major Lally’s
force, joined with Col. Wynkoop’s and Gen.
Lane’s force, at least 2,000. lias advanced to
form a junction with Gen. Scott.— Union.
From the A. O. Picayune, of 2d inst.
Additional Items of Mexican News*
In the absence of a later arrival from the seat
of war we have again glanced over our files of
Mexican papers received by the James L. Day,
and have gleaned from them several items of
interest which we had before overlooked. They
are chiefly taken from the Diario del Gdnerno,
a broken file of which to the 11 th nit. was re
ceived in Vera Cruz by the Arco his, and we
received a complete file from the 30th August
to the sth ult., inclusive, ourselves.
Santa Anna’s cji’orts, after notice had been
given of the termination of the armistice, to
prepare for the defence of’the capital are repre
sented as having been truly prodigious. It is
stated that he purchased from his private purse
all the arms he could find, and the editor of the
Diario in his paper of the I Oth adds, that he
had seen the day before a receipt fur a very
large sum of money paid by the g£neral-in
chief, Ijimself, for a number of muskets, and
64,000 Hints, for the army. “Add this,” savs
the D/rtrio, evidently considering it a triumph
ant vindication of Santa Anna’s fidelity to his
country, “to the treasons of which he is accu
sed by the notorious I).
The’Diario of the ]olh, lhe de-
made Ir. <>llmorn
i::g. -a \ -t : ; /a! Itlr .. hrnn 1 *‘ ' •‘l‘-
ital marrie d del -rid 11r>'al curd
with lhe* greatest -alacrity, ar-
dor that promised the best results.’* It was im
possible, it is added, to describe enthusiasm
of the people, all shouting “ Lfberty and Inde
pendence !” and declaring their intention never
to succumb to the ruthless foe.
We find translated in lhe Diario an intercep
ed letter from our army, describing the battles
of Contreras and (-Imrubiisco. In the letter
it is stated that our loss was ah/nit 1000. while
that of the enemy was not less than 2000 killed
and wounded. ihe editor rites this letter as
an evidence of the proneness of the Americans
to exaggerate the Mexican loss and underrate
their own. In these two battles, he adds, “oiu
loss does not exceed 1000, but that of thc-ene
my cannot be less than 2000.” We know that
the letter was at least correct in its statement of
our loss.
Li an editorial in the Diario oflhe llh. F. M.
de Olaquihel, at Toluca, the Governor of the
State of Mexico, if not positively accused of
treason is at least charged with being favorable
to the Americans, 'j’hc only evidence we find
adduced to support this accusation is that he
sold corn to our troops a! his hacienda of San
Nicolas Peralta, in (In* vicinity of th ) capital.
As this, however, took place during the armis
tice. which provided that the American forces
should he allowed to obtain supplies in and
about the capital, it is difficult to see how it
could be swelled into the charge that is made.—
Reference is made, though, to an address issued
by him to the people <>t the State, as Governor,
which, it is intimated, was of a character that
forbade its publication, it is to this address
then, we suppose, he owes his disgrace in the
eyes ofthe Government editor; <md the willing
ness of the Governor to exchange his corn for
American dollars might have been overlooked
by a Mexican if the address had been palatable
food. His great crime consisted in defending
Valencia, and in alleging thatif Santa Anna had
gone to the assistance of that general at Con
treras lhe result might have been different.
Speaking of the battle at the Mill del Roy,
on the Sth ult., the Government paper is ex
travagant in its laudations of the characters of
Gen Antoitiodi! LeonandCol. Lucas Balderas
ofthe battalion of lnd(‘pendencia, b th of whom
were mortally wounded in the engagement.—
Gen. Leon, r is stated, was several limes Gov
ernor and Military Commandant of the State
of Oaxaca, to which he had rendered eminent
services. He was also a veteran oflhe war of
independence Col. Balderas is spoken of in
a manner that few Mexicans deserve. “lie
never,” it is said, “ was a charge upon the
treasury, and was always in the ranks opposing
the enemies of the country, to which he conse
crated all that man can give, his life. The tears
ofall good Mexicans will water his grave.”
It will be remembered that immediately upon
the armistice being agreed upon, the Mexican
Secretary of State issued a proclamation call
ing upon Congress to meet, to consider with
lhe President the proposition of Mr. Trist.—
'Phis proclamation was dated the 21st August,
hut. although some few met every day up to
the 4th ult.. in no instance could over thirty be
induced to attend the sittings, and a quorum
therefore was never assembled. None of the
seventy members who declared they would not
deliberate in the capital while it was threaten
ed by our army and retired to Toluca appeared
at any ofthe meetings.
A great ado is made in the Diario about some
voluntary donations transmitted to the treasury
by the inhabitants of the mining district of Chi
co, to assist the Government in prosecuting the
war, and no less than a page of the paper is
filled with the official correspondence on lhe
subject. The whole amount transmitted was
5**304 !
We have before us a fierce reply from Va
lencia to the report of Gen. Salas, of the battle
of’Contreras. The part ofthe report that roused
the ire of Valencia was the statement that he
disappeared from among his troops as soon as
the battle commenced on the morning ofthe
20th of August, and was never M*en after. He
claims in this reply to have been present during
the whole battle, and that he only left when he
found it impossible to rally his troops. Salas,
Valencia says, saw all his efforts, and in return
for his unkind insinuations, charges him with an
attempt to cover his own disgrace in beingta
ken prisoner by traducing his commander. —
Valencia says: “ If this gentleman has allowed
himselflo fall into inactivity, it was owing to
his feeding his apprehensions at lhe moment of
danger, or to hishtile skill in horsemanship, and
want of valor to leap a little ditch by which he
could have reached the village of San Geroni
mo.” This is a hard hit to a Mexican, for to
touch his horsemanship is like touching the
sweeps’ honor —death were preferable.
It w ill be remembered that during the nego
tiations the Mexican commissioners in a com
munication to Mr. Trist, giving as a reason for
their refusal to consent to the cestion of New
Mexico, said: “ Sentiments ofhonor and deli
cacy, which the noble character of your excel
leney wiil know how to appreciate, as well as
motives of interest prevent our Government
from consenting to the dismemberment of Ne v
Mexico, and it was intimated that Mr. Tri>t
had been made acquainted with the specific
character of these sentiments and motives. We
find them related in the instructions ofthe Mex
ican Secretary of State, on which the ultimatum
of lhe commissioners was based, and translate
them :
• The Government could not, even with the
approbation of Congress, agree to give up New
Mexico, whose inhabitants have manifested a
wish to make a part of lhe Mexican family,
with more enthusiasm than any oilier portion of
the republic. These well deserving Mexicans,
abandoned lo their fate by several administra
tions ; frequently without any protection, even
against the incursions of the Indians, have been
patriotic Mexicans; because, forgetting
Weir domestic grievances, they have only re
membered on this occasion that they are and
wish to be a part of our family. They exposed
and sacrificed themselves to the vengeance of
th invaders; they have risen against them, and,
though tfteir conspiracies have been frustrated,
they still continue *o conspire. And can a go
vernment sell these Mexicans like a flock of
sheep ? Never. Let on their account the na
tionality of the republic be lost. We will per
ish together.”
Seizure of the American Relief Ship, the
“ Islam f of Philadelphia.— lt is with mingled
feelings of pain and mortification we have to
state, that, in consequence of the robbery of a
small quantity of tobacco, for ship’s use, from
on board the Islam, of Philadelphia, on Sun
day night, the vessel, which was chartered to
this port, by the good and charitable citizens of
Philadelphia, with a cargo of meal, flour, &c..
for the relief of the destitute poor of Galway, at
lhe disposition ofthe Society of Friends, has
been laid under seizure by the officers of the
Custom-House. It appears, that the master of
the vessel, Capt. Shankland, retained on board
with the consent and cognizance of lhe Cus
tom-House officials, a quantity’ of tobacco,
which he intended for the gratuitous use ofthe
emigrants with whom he was to have sailed for
Philadelphia, on his homeward voyage, after
discharging the cargo of food that had been
brought for the relief of the poor. The To
bacco was originally under his own lock and
key, and in a place where it could not be re
moved from, without either his own cognizance
or that of his mate. It seems, however, that
the Custom-House officials thought it well, in
stead of permitting the tobacco to remain where
the Captain had placed it for security, or re
moving it to the Custom-House stores until the
vessel would be on the point of departure, or
leaving even an officer on board to protect it,
to remove it to another part of the vessel, from
which it could with facility he stolen, and with
no other protection than a red tape tied round
it. with the Custom-House seal attached. The
result was. that the tobacco was, on Sunday
night, stolen from the vessel. The Captain,
upon missing it, immediately apprised the Cus
tom-House officers of the matter. When no
cine could be found to the discovery of the
parties who had stolen the tobacco, the Cus
tom-House officials laid the vessel under sei
zure.—Galway Vindicator.
A Grapkic Sketcli of Washington* ****
The new work. “The Public Men ofthe Re
volution,” by the late Win Sullivan, contains
some pleasant sketches ofthe men of that day,
which will he read with interest. We make
the following extract, of one who will ever be
cherished in the affections of his countrymen:
Washington.—The following are recollec
tions of Washington derived from repeated op
portunities ofseeing him during the last three
years of his public life. He was over six feet
in stature ; of strong, bony, muscular frame,
without fulness of covering, well formed and
straight. He was a man of most extraordinary
physical strength. In his own house, his action
was calm, deliberate, and dignified, without pre
tension to gracefulness, or peculiar manner, but
merely natural, and such as one would think
it should be in such a man. When walking in
the street, his movement had not the soldierly
air which might be expected. His habitual mo
tions had been formed, long before he took com
mand ofthe American armies, in the wars ofthe
interior, and in thesiirveyingofwildernesslands,
employments in which grace and elegance
were not likely to he acquired. At lhe age of
sixty-five, lime had done nothing towards bend
ing him out of bis natural correctness. His
deportment was invariably gave ; it was sobri
ety that stopped short of sadness. His pres
ence inspired a veneration, and a feeling of
awe. rarely experienced in the presence of any
man. His mode of speaking was slow ami de
liberate, not as though he was in search of
fine words, but that he might utter those only
adapted to his purpose.
It was the usage ofall persons in good socie
ty to attend .Mrs. Washington’s levee every
Friday evening. He was always present. The
yoiiiii? ladies used to throng around him. and en
gage him in conversation There were some of
lhe well remembered belles of that day, who
imagined themselves to he favorites with him.
As these were the only opportunities which
they had of conversing with him, they
were disposed o use them. One would think
that a gentleman and a gallant soldier, if he
could ever laugh, or dress his countenance in
smiles, would do so when surrounded by young
and admiring beauties. But this was never
so ; the countenance of Washingfon never sof
tened, nor changed its habitual gravity. One
who had lived always in his family, said, that
his manner in public life, and in the seclusion
of most retired life, was always the same.
Being asked whether Washington could laugh,
this person said, that this wasofrare occurrence,
but that one instance was remembered, when he
laughed most heartily at her narration of an in,-
cident in which she was a party concerned;
and in which he applauded her agency. The late
Gen. Cobb, who was long a member of his
family during the war. (and who enjoyed a
laugh as much as any man could) said, that he
never saw Wfashington laugh, excepting when
Dr. Thomas of Massachusetts, came to dine at
the head quarters. This gentleman had a fund
of ludicrous anecdotes, and a manner of telling
them, which relaxed even the gravity of the
commander-in-chief.
Gen. Cobh also said, that the forms of pro
ceeding at head quarters were exact and pre
( i-e; orderly and punctual. At the appoint
ed moment, Washington appeared at the break
fast table. IL* expected to find all the members
of his family, (Cobh. Hamilton. Humphreys
were among them) awaiting him. He came
dressed for the day, and brought with him the
letters and despatches of the preceding day,
with short memoranda oflhe answers 1o be
made ; also the substance of orders to be is
sued. When breakfast was over, these papers
were distributed among his aids, to be put into
form. Soon after, he mounted his horse to vis
it the troops, and expected to find on his return
before noon, all the papers prepared for his in
spection and signal': • There was no fami
liarity in his present- ; it was all sobriety and
business. His mode of life was abstemious
and temperate. He hid a decided preference
for certain sorts of food, probably from early
associations. Throughout the war, as it was
understood in his military family, he gave a part
ofeveryday to private prayer and devotion*
He devoted one hour every other Tuesday,
from three to four, to visiters. He under
stood himself to be visited as the President of
lhe United States, and not on his own account.
He was not to be seen by anybody and every
body ; but required that every one who came,
should be introduced by his secretary, or by
some gentleman whom he knew himself. He
lived on the south side of Market street, just
below Sixth. The place of reception was the
dining room in the rear, twenty-five or thirty
feet in length, including the bow projecting in
to the garden. Mr-’. Washington received her
visiters into the two rooms on the second floor,
from front to rear.
At three o’clock, or at any time within a
quarter of an hour afterwards, lhe visiters were
conducted to this dining room, from which all
seats had been removed for the time. On en
tering, he saw the tall, manly figure of Wash
ington clad in black velvet; his hair in full
dress, powdered and gathered behind in a large
silk bag ; yellow gloves on his hands ; holding
a cocked hat with cockade in it, and the edges
adorned with a black feather about an inch
deep. He wore knee and shoe buckles ; and a
long sword, with a fine wrought and polished
steel hilt, which appeared at the left hip ; the
coat worn over the sword, so that the hilt, and
the part below the fold oflhe coals behind, were
in view. The scabbard was white polished
leather.
He stood always in front of the fireplace,
with his face townrdsthe door of entrance. 'l'he
visiter was conducted to him, and he required
to have lhe name so distinctly pronounced that
he could hear it. He had the very uncom
mon faculty of associating a man's name and
personal appearance so durably in bis memory, j
as to be able to call any one by name who made
a second visit. He received his visiter with a
dignifiedbow, while his hands were so
of as to indicate that the salutation was
be accompanied with shaking hands. This cer
emony never occurred in these visits, even with
the most near friends, that no distinction might
be made.
As visiters came in they formed a circle a
round the room. Ata quarter past three the
door wasclosed. and the circle wa??formed forthat
day. He then began on the right and spoke
to each visiter, calling him by name, and ex
changing a few won s with him. When he
had completed his circuit, he resumed his first
position, and the visiters approached him in
succession, bowed and retired. By four o’clock
this ceremony was over.
On lhe evenings when Mrs. Washington re
ceived visiters, he did not consider himself as
visited. He was then a private gentleman
dressed usually in some colored coat and waist
coat, (the only one recollected was brown,
with bright buttons.) and black, on his lower
limbs. He had then neither hat nor sword;
he moved about among the company, conver
sing with one and another He had once a fort
night an official dinner, and select company on
other days.
A Great Truth.—The Philadelphia Sun
thus discourses : “So immensely does freedom
depend upon the character of our women, that
it cannot be slighted without forging chains for
our posterity. Secure constant work and good
wages to American women, and republican in
stitutions will never lack virtue to preserve, or
valor to defend them—for our females will re
main chaste, while they remain industrious—
thus forming the noblest models of domestic af
fection and devoted patriotism. Cornelia, the
mother of Gracchi, has done more for liberty
than all lhe demogogues that ever drained the
whiskey cup at pot houses. In general the
true love of country is to be found in womer.
—and our female whigs of the revolution of
1776, are yet to be immortalized and apprecia
ted for their indomitable devotion to the rights
of man—which rightly understood, are lhe
rights of women. Washington was moulded
by his mother—so was Napoleon—and if, as a
celebrated French author remarks. “ sons are