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Wttkto Chwiudc & SttiiiiiM.
■ MT .
BY J. W. & W. S. JONES.
(Terms, &c.
THE WEEKLY
CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL
la Published every’ Wednesday,
AT TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM,
IN ADVANCE.
TO CLUBS or individuals sending ns Ten Dol
lars, Six copies of the p iper will be sent for one year,
- thus furnishing the mammoth weekly at the rate of
SIX COPIES FOR TEN DOLLARS.
Or a free copy to all who may procure us Jive sub
scribers, and forward us the money.
THE CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL
DAILY AND Tai-WE EKLI’,
Are also published at this office, and mailed to sub
scriber* at the following rates, viz. :
DkILY PAPER 310 per annum.
TRI-WEEKLY PAPER 5 “ “
TERX3 OF ADVERTISING.
Is Weekly.—Seventy-five cents per square (12
lines) for the first insertion, and Fifty cents for each
subsequent insertion.
Cash System.—The cash system will be rigidly
enforced, and no paper will be sent unless the money
acro.npanies the order. All business letters should
be addressed to
J. W. & W. S. JONES, Auffusta, Ga.
8E- _ ■■ L■ ■■ ■■J. 1 .. ■■ ■■■ ■ ■X ™
N. W. HOOKER,
of Saddles, Bridles
-- and Harness,
SOW OFFERS FOR SALE,
1 good assortment of Spanish, Eng-
• lish. Planters, Boys and Ladies
SADDLES, of every pattern; Carriage, B-ggy, Gig
and Wagon HARNESS; Sole, Upper, Bridle, Har
ness and Band LEATHER.
Also, a well selected assortment of TRUNKS, VA
LISES, and CARPET BAGS, with a variety of
other articles in the line, which will be sold at rea
sonable prices, a few doors above the Insurance Bank,
Broad-street. 020-w9m
LOST.
THREE NOTES OF HAND, which I fore
warn all persons from trading for, as the con
sideration tor which thev were given will be satisfied :
One n te on Win. D. Quinn lor $l5O, payable one
day after date, and dated the last <f July, 1816; one
on L. P. P. Tate for 315. payable one day after date,
and dated in February last ; and one note on Wm.
R. "midi for 20or more dollars, and payable one day
after date, date not recollected. The two first notes
were made payable to me, and the last one to Wm.
A. Turner, who is also endorser.
023-w3 WILLIAM JACKSON.
Runaway Slave Sale.
SHERIFF'S SALE.— Hy order of the Inferior
< ’ourt of Wilkes county, will be sold, on the first
Tuesday in December next, between the lawful hours
of sale, at Washington, in Wilkes county, for cash, a
negro man named Robert, about twenty-five years of
age, dark complection, five feet ten or eleven inches
high, reports himself to belong to Dr. Robert Wig
gins, of Montgomery county, State of Alabama ; said
slave being unclaimed, sold to pay expenses*.
< KRISTOPHER BINNS, Sheriff.
October 20, 1847.
Shoemakers Wanted.
I WILL GIVE one or two Shoemakers employ
■ ment for some months. 1 want men of sober’
steady habits. Apply immediately to the subscriber,
3 miles from Wrightsboro , Columbia county.
• •2-2 SE \B(>lt\ DOZIER.
WANTED,
BY A YOUNG GENTLEMAN, who has had
considerable experience, ns a TEACHER, both
North and South, a Situation for the year, 1848. He
will give instructions in the usual English and Classi
cal Branches taught in Academies. The correspon
dence of Trn-tees and patrons of Schools, in this and
neighboring States, is solicited.
Please address “ Education,' 1 Warrenton. Warren
county, Geo. o!8-w3
BOARDING.
MRS. WEST respectfully her friends
and the public that she has taken tin- House
lately occupir<| by Dr. Kennon, over the store of C. J.
<’ook, Esq . known ns FOX'S CORNER, wle rrshe
is prepared to acrommi-l ite PERMANENT OR
TRANSIEN I’ BOARDERS.
She will add that she has reserved some of her best
iwnu lor the accommodation of families visiting the
R.'.«' W. T. Bnwnrr, l>. B. Hawey,
Jos. A. F.ve, M. I>, <L T. Poetic,
L O. Fonn, M. !»., P. McGrax,
John Bones, W. U. Sturges,
J. Cook, Thos. Davis.
o2t)-d3Ac w I
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.
, A. W. & W. P. <’AU-
- r MICHAEL have just receivetl at
JIIISPWwrgr. J I ' ll s 111 Aw ’ 1 1 I’ERS, VE
,ET \BLE CUTTERS, SUB
SOIL PLOWS and CUL I’IV A lORS, which thev
will sell low at their stand ibove the Hotels, ami op
jHisite the Insurance Bank.
Al o, for sale, a PATENT HORSE POWER
MACHINE. o!9-d&w4
NOTICE
.£N STRAYED FROM THE SI'BSCRI
gIrtXBF.H ..bout the fifteenth of April Lot, a BAY
FILLY, two years old last June, a small star in the
forehead, and one white hind foot ; her mane hangs
on the left side of the neck. Any information of said
filly will b«* thankfully received by S. < ELLING
TON, of or D. <’. DANIEL,
<»l |-w Taliaferro county.
Horses and Mules.
A. 11. MUNDAY is now on the
’dT-MDk r°ud tor this market with some 90
J. yr odd hod of HORSES and MULES, prm
eipnlly Mules, some 6or S well broke to
harness. Mules from 14f to 16 hands high, and
horse* from Hi to 17 hands high. A lew fine SAD
DLE HORSES. He will remain one div at Sparta,
(■a., a‘> mt the 4th of' November, on his way to Au
gusta. He will come >y Athens, Ga. o|s-wtl
STOLEN
. X_ FROM FUR SUBSCRIBER, at his resi
lence m Columbia county, on the Milledge
ville r.»i«l, sixteen miles from Augusta, on t e night
of the llth in.-t., a Cream HORSE, sixteen or seven
teen years old, about fourteen hands high, a small
knot on one fore kg, and sandy mane and tail. No
other marks recollected. Any person taking up said
horse and inf rminglhe undersigned at Berzeli • shall
HOSEA RAWLS
<’ VMHI’.S, (\NDIUS, \ I
Wholesale and Retail,
BY AUGUSTIN FREDERICK.
M \NUFA<’I’URER,
At lit* Olil Stand. *4OO Broad-Street.
.1 *rir iZtxu-s br/otr /<>.«(-< Mier, lut’ux/a, (»a.
HE KEEPS constantly on hand for sale various
articles in his line, viz :
< A>.\FE«' (TONi RIES Fancy ’ 'onfec turneries
from Paris.
TOI S t »r Children—German and French.
FRUlTS.—Oranges, Lemons, Pme Apples and Da
na n is.
DRV FRUITS. Raisins, Figs, Prunes, Citron and
Dates.
PRESERVES.—Orange, Pines, (winger, Currant and
Guava Jelly.
NCI'S. MinoutU, Filberts, Bri ■I, Pecan. Jkr
I.IQI OR*» Cognac Brandy, Hoilaud Gm. Jamaica
Rum, iV -
\Vl\r> Madeira, Port. Sherry, Champaigne, 4kc.
PORTER L*nd»m, pints and quarts ; fine imported
Cordials.
SEGARS IU d Havana, variou> brand*.
02-dluuX w2m
NEW GUNS! GUNS! GUNS!
A SPLENDID NEW STOCK.
rjIHE SIHSCHIBFH r. spe.tf.illv vilonns
■. his Inends ami the public that he has just re
ceived a Isrgv and well selected stock of
ami Barrelled GI NS
Powder FL \<KS.
Sh<»i PO( rill-LS and HELI'S, various kinds.
<; \ME B \GS
P nt Gl X W \DDING
PURI I SSIOX C \P> a l km.U
I easier GUX C \SE<.
Cleaning RODS
Revolving PISTOLS A. X
I' <, I X M \
I'FKI \l " '
Also til XS REPAIRED at sliort notice
LOCKS REPAIRED, and ny\ KEYS fitted. \t
his o;d stand on M Inlu&h street, the Post Os-
JOHN D. SMI TH
Negroes ! Negroes !!—For Sale.
JVSI RKCKIVKD,
YIKt.IXIV XEGKOES ' pns-, E i
H.tl. " - - •
stresses. Carpenters B'rvksmtths. Ac .Ac All o:’
said slaves Wid be sold fiw rc -y • MB 1
guarantied in c»rry particular. Prrs»»n* wishing to
purchase will find, -m exam aan >u. that they can be
as well p-et'vxl with '.he a • *e mim'd I >! as any
that hive ever been tillered in this market. The
underv.oned will keep a full supply dm ig th winter
an I n; Ka and Ham' ;rg
X B p. . ■
character, can at all times gvt fair p-. i/es from the
suhscr-.'s i n Augusta or Ha nbe.rg.
A • X » rROWBRID* iU
RE MOV AL
jrRNHE SUBSCRIBERS ' I ed r.
R.
ncr the M . y.i > Bank, first below P
M (iron's, I *-* T’:o. »<lk3*i'- s. wherejhcv
wdl be incased to receive flwir friends and customers.
»4-:wAwhn RO\ Al A MURPHFA
SPRING HILL MACHINE SHOP
A FOR Bl lI.DIXt; IMHtF.PUR-
i k t- ■ corrox vnduooi
MACHINERY lux
WDGEIKIXG k TUKXINu
IKON WOOD A
six mile* tn«m lugusta. lni the laxu>y he r.M.i,
where the j*r f<ieU*rs wtU grateful Uh ad .'rviers—
acthe v .-an . . at G. W LA MAK A CO S. Au
gusta —ar directed tn R.-chmomi Factor\ P. O.
DANIEI H u'K A SONS
L.ME
.J— BBLS. FRESH THOMASTON LIME
’OSt DKCl'ni t v
A22 HAND A W ILUAMs
Augusta, O£Q.:
THURSDAY MORNING* OCT. Sl« IS 17.
Mr. Dallas for Peace.
The Vice-President recently made a speech
at Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, in which he ex
pressed himself as follows, on the subject of the
Mexican war:
“ ‘ What more can we desire? We have repell
ed invasion; wc have achieved victory after victory;
the laurels have all been gathered—they have beenail
gathered by our brave countrymen ; but the gleanings
of the crop now remain ; all else is ours, and our coun
try’s forever! 1 would therefore again say, let us
have peace. The majesty of justice—our national
honor—the rights of our citizens have been vindica -
ted; Ictus, then, have peace. But how shall this
peace be secured ? Is there a man in the country
who is willing to inflict upon the people of Mexico
more of suffering than they have already endured ?
Ido not believe there is one. Our only wish is to ob
tain from them a guaranty that we will not be insulted
hereafter, and that our rights shall be respected. But
we must have security against the repetition ot inju
ries upon us. And to whom must we look—to whom
do we look for this security ? We look to the Go
vernment of Mexico alone. We ask only their own
solemn pledge that we shall not hereafter be wronged
with impunity? ”
Are we to understand Mr. Dallas to mean
what he says ? Does he intend that words shall
be representations of his ideas, and that the
words used by him shall be understood accord
ing to their general acceptation ? If so, Mr.
Dallas avows,
Ist. That we have already accomplished all
that was demanded by the national rights and
honor.
2nd. That we should inflict no further sutler
ingnpon the Mexicans.
3rd. That peace should now be concluded
with the Mexican Government. t
4th. That all demanded of that Government,
should be a 4< “that we shall not here
after be wronged with impunity. ’’
Are these the real views of Mr. Vice-Presi
dent Dallas?—of this distinguished Demo
crat?
“ What more can we desire says Mr. Dal
las! Do the Democrats of Georgia sanction
these views of their Avn chosen Vice-Presi
dent? Do they desire no more than the glory
of the victories which our arms have acquired ?
Arc they unwilling to inflict upon the people of
Mexico more of suffering than they In veal
ready endured ? Are they willing to give tip
New Mexico and the Californian, and be satis
fied with a Mexican “pledge’’ that this country
shall not be “ insulted hereafter.”
The Democratic paperscan no longer charge
that the “Mexican Whigs” alone, are willing
to quit even with Mexico, to give up indemni
ty, and sacrifice the rights of the country!
We ask again, was Mr. Dallas in earnest,
or, was this an effort to deceive the people of
Pennsylvania just before the election ? He de
ceived them on the subject of the Tariff, on
the eve of the Presidential election, and with
success. Perhaps his object was the same just
before the recent election He knew well, that
a majority of the people of Pennsylvania were
opposed to the war! Perhaps he thought it
necessary to utter a few artful words to secure
their votes for the Democratic candidates. If
this was his object, he appears to have been
again successful. It matters not what may
have been his views, whether he was in earnest
or practicing deception, the people of the l’ni
ted States see and know that the second ollicer
in the Government, just on the eve of an elec
tion, took the stump to control the popular vote,
J. .4 —r.. .. f. . .■•..4ft. .. | ••• • • a. 4* •t • | ■
pie pin their faith to his official sleeve. He
not only plays the demagogue, but if we are
not mistaken, his tine talk about peace was
nothing hut a Welch bait at last. 'The people
may have caught at it with greediness, ami will
probably find it a trick, a real cheat, and noth
ing more.
We do hope, however, that in this particular,
ami for once, the ice-President intended to be
understood as he expressed himself. W e be
lieve it would be satisfactory to the country to
quit with Mexco by a guaranty of the payment
ot the claims of our citizens. We think it hard
ly probable after her encounter with our arms,
that it would be necessary to exact a promise to
keep on good behavior hereafter towards us.
We see no use in spending millions for a phan
tom of fame, and the blood of thousands of our
citizens for the accumulation of glory.
The Supreme Court.
The fact of our having admitted into our co
lumns some criticisms upon the decisionsof the
Supreme Court, seems to have induced the
impression among some persons, whose minds
are too narrow to comprehend the position of
an independent editor, that we are opposed to
that tribunal. To such, we avail ourselves of
the occasion so remark, that we were among
the early advocates for the establishment of
such a tribunal, and as earnestly desire its per
manent establishment as those who a feet to be
its best friends. We have not. however, arriv
ed at the conclusion that the public acts of the
incumbents of that bench, nor indeed any oth
er department of government, are above the
criticisms of the people of Georgia; and. under
this conviction, our Columns have been open to
the comments of those who vindicated, as well
as those who criticised, the decisions ot that
bench, whenever they reached us. accompa
nied w ith the name of the author. In this course
we shall persist, from a conviction of doty as
well to the Court itself as to the rights of the
people. When the opinion generally obtains
that the decisions of the Supreme Court are
not subject matter for criticism, the liberties of
the people of this country will be a mere sha
dow. To such a delusion we shall not. there
fore, subscribe—and certainly not acquiesce—
so long as we control a public journal, hi our
opinion, so far from such a course having any
tendency to lessen the influence of the Court,
the very reverse w iil be the result, as it w ill
show to the incumbents of the bench that their
acts and decisions are closely scrutinized by
the people, and therefore render the Judges
more vigilant and persevering in their efforts
to conform their decisions to the law.
Election in Ware.
The Savannah Georgian contains the follow
ing report of the election in Ware county :
Clinch 205 | Tow ns 207*
McDonald. Democrat, elected Representa
tive ; Hilliard. Democrat, elected Senator from
Ware and Lowndes.
The \\ higs have, therefore, a majority of
three m the Senate and four in the House—
seven on joint ballot.
Our Book Table.
We have received from Mr. Ru hui»*, No
;U) of the “ Pictorial History of England,"
" Christianity, and its relations to Poetry and
Philosophy." and " The Boy’s Autumn
Thom vs Millkx. Thro latter is a spirited little
work for boy* The beauties of Autumn. P,e-
s
g ... . \ .
Birds. Animals. Ar . w ith amusing tales, make
it entertaining and instructive to those for
w horn it is intended.
We have also received from Mr. Gkkvvili e.
the same •• Russ la/ama N » 390 t tiie
Pictorial History of England." " The Hayside
Cross: or. The KauZ of Gomez." of the Library
- \
> : , : i . \.r i”• i':. s
w.>rk comproes a range of deeply important
event*, and will afford exciting interest to the
reader. It is in four parts, and by G. F. R
J kmks. Esq
Thvsk><.iv i><i.—The Governors of New-
Han - Misa Mas* s s N • •
»■ f '
ed 25ili November a* a Thanksgtving-iay. No
been appointed vet in any
State
The Savannah Georgian.—We are pleased
to seethe Georgian so greatly improved in ap
pearance Its new dress adds greatly to its
beauty. We are pleased to see this, however
much we may differ with its political sentiments.
For the Chronicle Sentinel.
The Supreme Court.
The following appears in the article of “ A
Retired Lawyer” (in reply to “ Reviewer,’’)
in the last Columbus Enquirer'.
“ The Augusta folks used to be mighty strong for
the Court; but now they are agin it, tor no better
reason that any one cun see except that they are dis
appointed in not electing their candidate for Judge.”
Injustice to the members of the bar in Au
gusta, it is proper to state, that no one of them
has ever made any communication to any news
paper in relation to any decisions of the Su
preme Court. They have desired that the
Court should have the confidence of the peo
ple, and are unwilling to do any thing calcula
ted to lessen its usefulness. “ Reviewer” does
not represent their views or feelings. Lex.
From the N. O. Picayune, Ibth inst.
Further from Mexico.
Again we devote almost the whole of our
space to the-details of the news frbtn Mexico?
We are not about to commen. or speculate up
on the news, but we must seize the opportunity
again to give expression to our boundless admi
ration of the wonderful achievements of our
army under Gen. Scott. The annals of war
record nothing more glorious. We can recall
no parallel to the closing scenes of the cam
paign which has ended in the submission of the
city of Mexico to the irresistible energy of our
arms. We long to see the official reports that
we may know on whom to lavish our praises.
At present we only see that all have nobly done
their duty. Most firmly do we believe that no
army of ten thousand men ever surpassed our
own in personal gallantry; that none ever
equalled it in the skill, the devotion and the he
roism of its officers.
By a communication in the American Star
we perceive that Gen. Bravo and staff were
taken prisoners by a portion of the New Y’ork
regiment in Gen. Quitman's division. Circum
stances prevented their being delivered to Gen.
Quitman, and they were taken to Chapullepec
by Capt. Davis, aid to General Quitman. On
reaching there, finding the general-in-chief still
at the castle, he reported to Gen. Scott that he
had Gen Bravo and staff prisoners of war. The
general ordered Capt. Davis to bring the pri
soners forward where he was, when the gene
ral-in-chief addressed Gen. Bravo as follows:
“I deeply regret meeting the valiant General
Bravo in misfortune. I have long and favora
bly known him by fame. 1 trust we may soon
be friends. 1 honor ami respect him us an ene
my.”
Gen. Bravo expressing his thanks for the
courtesy extended towards him by the general
in-chief. the latter directed that the former be
taken into the citadel and furnished with as
comfortable quarters as the conveniences of the
building would admit of.
The following general orders were issued by
Gen. Twiggs, congratulating his command up
on their recent victories:
Orders—No. 75.
Headquarters 2d Division of Regulars, ?
City of Mexico, Sept. 19. 1847. )
For the recent and glorious victories, in which
the 2d Division so handsomely participated, the
general presents his thanks to his officers and
men.
Although taken from under his immediate
command, his eye and heart followed them
through all the strife, ami enabled him to wit
ness with pride and pleasure, the high state of
discipline and soldierly bearing displayed at
every point during the late brillanl operations.
To Kiley’s brigade, for sustaining its ad
vanced position in front of the garita of La
Piedad and San Antonio, keeping the enemy
in check for several days, and finally driving i
his pickets, and for supporting the battery which
silenced his guns; and also to (’apt. Steptoe,
his officers ami men. for the very handsome
ipanner in which ibev *ileiiced die baUerv al
the garita of ftan Antonio, and drove tfie ene
uiy’s guns within the walls of the city, the gen
eral would also return his warmest thanks.
To Smith’s brigade, for changing itself from
a supporting to an attacking force, by which it
captured an important battery at the base of the
Chapullepec. and for entering the capital of the
enemy in advance of all other troops, and there
planting the old fashioned shirs and stri/it s first
on the national palace of Mexico, is due more
of commendation that the general has words to
express.
The General again oilers his grateful thanks
to the officers of the iib dic.d corps for the zeal
and ability displayed in allot iating die condition
of tiro wounded and sick.
The gallant deeds of the immortal dead, fal
len in their country's cause, will ever be an in
centive to the brave and good of the army.
Bv order <»f Gen. Twiggs:
p. \v. McDonald, a. d. c.
Capt. Charles Naylor, of the 2d Pennsyb a
nia Regiment, h i ibeen appointed superinten
dent of th<* National Palace of Mexico. Capt.
Robt. Mien. A. Q M., has been appointed post
quartermaster for the city of Mexico.
The Fashion brought over important des
patches for the Government from Mr. Trist.
They had been waiting at Vera Cruz since the
30th ult.
The New Orleans arrived at Vera Cruz from
Tampico on the 4th inst. with mules. .Most of
the propellers have been employed in the same
manner The New Orleans may shortly be ex
pected here.
The American Star says that at the latest ac
counts the Mexican army was slowly wending
its wav towards Queretaro. They numbered
less than 3000 men. under the command ot
Gen. Herrera. Many in Mexico supposed
Santa Anna was endeavoring to reach the sea
board to embark for a foreign country, but we
place little faith in this.
'Fhe accounts published by the American Star
of the outrages of the guerrilleros in Puebla
and other cities, and upon their own country
men are deplorable. The whole male popilla
non of Mexico appears to be last relapsing into
a slate of’ brigandage.
The editor of the Genius says he has con
versed with several Mexicans from Tlacostal
pain. on the Alvarado river, who complain that
the American force there is insufficient to pro
tect them from she depredations of the guerril
las: that their depredations are frequent and
that a short time since the Padre Jarauta him
self exacted from the inhabitants a tribute of
ami compelled them to furnish himself
and his aids with horses.
According to the .Vowifiro Rrpuhlicano of the
27th ult. it w as intimated by the civic authorities
to Gen. Scott on the 25th, that the contribution
of 159.000 levied upon the population was
ready for him. The amount was raised by a
loan, so as not further to distress the inhabi
tants.
Tiie stages commenced running from Mexi
: co for Queretaro tiro morningof the27ih n!t.
Formal Renunciation of Power by San
ta Anna.
El Genio de la Libertad of the Ist instant.
I gives the following document from Santa An
na. taken from the American Star, the new
journal just established in the City of Mexico:
•• Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna, general of
division, w ell-deserving of his country . and
President of the Republic, considering:
•• That notwithstanding the fallen state of the j
I public weal, there is yet no cause ot dismay to
I the defenders of the independence of the na
! non. attacked w ithout cause or provocation by j
I the United States.
That so long as I have held charge of the .
■ executive which the nat onal representation
j confided to me. so long did the concentration !
I of operations facilitate the necessary supply of I
resources tor the campaign: but now m the '
resolution of continuing the war. it would be ■
! a serious inconvenience to remove the resi- j
’ dence of the supreme powers from the centre
■ of the Republic.
That although the decree of the General
• Congress tor its removal is not quite specific
nor final, it is presumed that it manifested its
! will bv the approval of the first article of the
1 law. m which it announced its intention to tix
its residence in rhe city of Queretaro.
'rti it tn a national war. and w ith the enemy
in tiie bosom of the Republic, the greatest evil
that could h ippen. whic.i would be the disso
lution of the Union and the rising of different
factions, should be avoided at all risks: they
s ■ _ the or-
i game law of the country.
That th-' act w hich I exercise by th s decree.
> required by cirruinstances. s:n e t.her- i#
• . : n« r the G< neral Congress.
■ Councilor Government, nor any permanent
j deputation, and it is one of the indispensable
means to csrry on the war. not being compre-
I bended n the restrictions which are contained
.:n the degree ot the 29th Apr? last. In the
i exert of the functions with which lam iu-
I vested. I have decreed the following:
Article 1 Through the resignation which 1
I hate made of the pus: of President ad interim
•. of the Republic, t is declared m accordance
I w ith the 97th Article of the Constinit:on. that
the supreme executive power of the nation,
after the publication of this decree, is commu
ted to His Excel.ency the Generai of l>n ;*ion
8r Don Jose J Herrera, and His Exceiiency
Sr Don Lino J A rta r n
Sr DonNicholae Bravo, who is now a prison
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, OCTOBER 27, 1547.
er of war, and who was named in the decree
of the 7th instant.
Article 2 The supreme powers of the na
tion shall now reside, and until the pleasure of
the Legislative branch be known, in the city
of Queretaro.
And hereupon that it be published and circu
lated in all due form, (riven in rhe city of
Gaudalupe Hidalgo, 16lh September, 1847.
Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna.
To D. Jose Ramon Pacheco.
Santa Anna, Bravo. Valencia, Paredes, S^c. —
El Jarocha. the correspondent of the Patria,
has furnished the editors with the following
facts:
On the 14th ult. General Scott made his en
try into the cit>’, which was evacuated on the
!3th. at night, by Santa Anna and all his forces,
amounting to 10,000 men; they retired to the
city of Gaudalupe de Hidalgo.
The ayuntamiento, or municipal authorities,
continued together, and with the exception of
a few excesses committed at the wine shops,
or cabarets, I have learned nothing new that
occurred, deserving a record, until the 28th,
when the Cabinet Courier left the city.
Santa Anna quitted Gaudalupe de Hidalgo
with a force of 2000 cavairy, to proceed to join
General Rea at Puebla, where he arrived on
the 21st ult. On that day, the Americans threw
into the city a few shells and granades, from
the heights where they had fortified themselves..
had retired
from tiro Capital, left Gaudalupe under the or
ders of (Jenera! Herrera for Queretaro; but
according to letters which I have seen, their
number has been reduced to only 3000 men,
through the desertions which have taken place.
On the 15th ultimo General Scott issued an
order, directing all the superior and other offi
cers of the Mexican army who were then
in the Capital to present themselves within
three days, warning them, in case of disobe
dience, that they would be treated as spies. It
is said that the number of the refugees, who lie
concealed in the city, of this class, amount to
more th in 1200.
General Scott has given an order for the im
mediate released of Gen. Bravo, who had been
made prisoner, unconditionally, as a well merit
ed reward for the valor and heroism he display
ed in the defence of Chapullepec. General
Bravo lias in consequence, set out for his coun
try house (hacienda) at Cuernavaca-
(Jen. Valencia remains quiet in his hacienda,
a few leagues from the Capital.
(Jen. Paredes, according to several letters
which I have seen, guarded a strict incognito
in the Capital, and lias viewed all the recent
operations without taking part in any, deter
red by the threats of Santa Anna. He was in
intimate communication with almost al! tiie
principal officers. Now it is said, he is gone
to Jalisco, where he is to place himself at the
head of 29,009 men, who have been collected
together by the six States of the coalition.
On the 18th General Quitman caused all the
churches to be re-opened; they had been
closed since the entrance of the Americans
into the capital. Mass was again celebrated, at
which a great number of Americans were
present; among others, (Jen. Scott.
A deputation of merchants waited on (Jen.
Scott, requesting him to employ all possible
means for reopening of communications w ith
the coast. The American General replied he
would immediately apply himself assiduously
to this object, and which he hoped to realize in
a very short time.
Another Letter from a highly respectable Span
ish genthnan. dated the, 2d inst.— General Santa
Anna and Rea are endeavoring to prevent the
entrance of General Lane into Puebla; the lat
ter has 3500 men under his command, the form
er 3000.
Tnis impression derives force from the fact
that Santa .Anna’s lads is at this moment in that
neighborhood, at a small town called Tepeaca.
The “Sovereign Congress” will meet at
Queretaro on the sth instant. It is generally
believed that the individuals who compose the
cabinet ot’Senor Pena y Pena, are decided ad
vocates for peace.
l.xiEsr from Pi ebla. —A correspondent,
says the Patria. in a letter dated Vera Cruz,
the 2d inst., stales that a private express had
just reached that city, having left Puebla on the
29ih nil., at night. He says that at the moment
«<• ."luiiiH” ’he iivaiu .« >ti.u £> nt mg, lu iiic neigh
borhood of the garita of San Jose, situated
close to the heights ofCei rode Lorato, which
arc contiguous to Guadaloupe Col. Childs
continued, in consequence, to throw shells and
other projectiles into the city, and there is not
the slightest doubt that from his advantageous
position he will be able to defeat all the attempts
to dislodge him. Besides, the convoy under
General Lane is already al Perote. whence
that officer will march to-day, or early to-mor
row morning; so that in four or five days he
will arrive in the vicinity of’ Puebla. Once ar
rived, adieu to all the hopes oftriumph of Santa
Anna, and his expectations of pacificating that
city, by the sacrifice of die Ztmerican garrison.
We shall now soon learn how it ends ; a day
or two w ill suffice.
From the Charleston Evening Ncics.
A Voice from the West.
A writer in the Louisville Journal, over the
signature of “Old Kentucky,” takes up the
subject of railroad connection between the
Atlantic and the (Jreal West. He notices the
exertions now making in South Carolina.
(Jeorgia and Tennessee, to extend tiro Georgia
Road to Knoxville, and also to complete the
link from N i*hville to Memphis. He says,
emphatically, that these thing* ’*will be done
as surely as Miller’s doctrine is not true, and the
world stands;” and he then urges, with real,
right-down earnestness, the people of Louis
ville to secure for her, by prompt measures,
that position of pre-eminence to which her
great natural resources entitle her. His sug
gestions to accomplish thro end cannot be belter
stated than ia his own language, and are of en
grossing interest to ourselves. They areas
follows:
•• Let her citizens call a meeting and refer to
the statute ofthe2Bth Feb.. 1846, which revises
and amend* a former statute on the subject of
the L»» isville and Nashville railroad. Let the
books be opened—let the rich, who have more
interest in this matter than any other class of
citizens,contribute liberally as they should do;
all other classes will follow—aye. even the
•• widow's mile ” will be thrown in This should
be done without delay. There should be no
paltering, no timidity : and the means to effect
these objects should be put into immediate re
quisition. And when this course shall be a
dopted and carried out, no fears need be enter
tained but that our city will attain that pre-emi
nent position among the cities of the ‘‘Great
West” to w hich her numerous natural advan
tages so manifestly entitle her. If 1 might be
indulged. I would suggest, or rather hint a few
of the benefits which would grow out of the
adoption of and perseverance in this course.
" Louisrillc would be in direct communication
with Charleston, and nearly the whole South.—
Less than two days and a half of travel would
enable her resilient or citizen to reach that great
depot of eommercial interests. The South requires
much of our surplus produce, and would pay well
far it. To the South, if this railroad were in
operation, the surplus would be sent free from
that startling waste of life and loss by steamboat
disaster, which an now constantly occurring.—
But this is not all—no. not the tythe of a tythe-
The whole Green river trade, including the
exhaustible mines of coal and iron, won d
at once be poured into the lap of Lon-
Louisville. to the advantage of all—the mer
chant. the mechanic, the artisan of every de
scription. tiie laborer. But why need 1 say
more ’ Others, who have greatlv more inter
est than I have, understand these facts. 1 have
no doubt, better than I do. and they are able to
act upon them, too Hitherto they have been
restrained from acting from some principle, 1
know not what : but 1 do know that it has been
suicidal. I would earnestly press the importance
of early and unanimous action, bv th" citizens of
all classes, on this subject. Look at it rich men :
not only your own. but the interest of every
edizen is deeply involved in die growth, power
and influence <>f our own Louisville. And, if
you wifi abandon that timidity, or avarice, or
whatever other feeling it may be. which has
hitherto stayed your helping hand. 1 say, if
you wifi abandon these, and make a quick
"puli” and a 'pull'' yourselves, you
wiil receive assistance from every quarter, and
there will be need of ” a long pull.”
I iove the Stale, and I love Louisv i;’e. her
queenly daughter. I pray you decorate her in
robes suitable to her birth, and what ought to
be her position in the society of other cities.
The editor of the Journal recommends these
views to his readers as entire !y worthy of their
attention, and h pes the suggestions will not
be unheeded. Who that reads the views here
presented, and reflects for a moment upon the
advances already made towards the consumma
tion. does no: see m near prospect, though in
another way and by another route than that or
iginally contemplated, the realization of that
magnificent sceme—the Charleston. Lonisville
and Cincinnati Rail Road ’
Let Charleston be bur true to herself in the
exigencies that surround her. and to the for
tunes that are already wooing her to their em
brace. and her title of the • Queen City of the
S Hith will soon be something more than a
barren honor and an empty name
The saying. ” Do right, and fear no man.”
contains more wisdom than all works which
would regulate the intercourse with men can
ever teach. “Do right, and fear no man.”
:~i« is the ons safe compass upon the sen of
life.—Zfi
Augusta,
FRIDAY MORNING, tfcT. ia, 1847.
“Mexican Whigs.”
VV’higs who have the origin of the
war with Mexico, andwpreseed the slightest
doubt about the right oPTexas to the country
between the Rio Grande and the Nueces, have
been called “ Mexican Whigs” by some of the
leaders and writers of the great Democratic
camp. We have soine Slopes of reaching
even these, if we can only catch them in their
lucid intervals, for they ninstcertainly be beside
themselves at times, or they would not make
such absurd charges agaiitst their political op
ponents. ♦
We intend to show them that Mexicans, not
Mexican Whigs, but tcaZMeXicans, and Demo
crats in high station, and in jTull confidence in
the great camp, have thought and expressed
themselves in similar manner!
The Mexican in insisting that
the boundary should v wilderness which
lies between the expressed it-
self thns :
“It is because that tract, together with the Bravo,
(Rio Grande) forms the natural frontier of Mexico,
both in a military and a commercial sense, and the
frontier of no State ought to be sought for, and no
State should consent to abandon its frontier. But, in
order to remove ail cause of trouble hereafter, the
Government of Mexico engages not to found new
settlements or establish new colonies in the space
between the two rivers; so that, remaining in its
present uninhabited condition, it may serve as an
equal security to both republics.”
In this, the tract of country between the
Nueces and Rio Grande is styled “ the natural
frontier of Mexico.”
Mr. Charles J. Ingersoll, the Democratic
Chairman of the House Committee of Foreign
Relations, in his speech on Texas annexation,
said:
“ The stupendous deserts between the Nueces and
the Bravo (RioGrande) rivers, are the natural boun
daries between the Anglo-Saxon and Mauritanian
races. There ends the Valley of the West. There
Mexico begins.”
He further said—
“ On our side, we too ought to stop there, because
interminable conflicts must ensue, either by our
going South, or their coming north of that gigantic
boundary.”
This exhibits a perfect coincidence of opinion
between the Mexicans and Mr. Ingersoll, as
to the ownership of the territory between the
Nueces and the Rio Grande. The Mexicans
say that, that country remaining in an uninhabi
ted condition will “ serve as an equal security to
both countries.” Mr. Ingersoll expresses the
same idea and opinion in different language.
It may not be amiss to state here that the Mexi
can proposition not to populate it was liberal
and sagacious.
We have repeatedly introduced Mr. Ben
ton’s opinion, that it belonged to Mexico.
Mr. Wright ueclared that it was a country
“ to which Texas had no claim —over which she had
never asserted jurisdiction, and she had no right
to cede.” He further said that the annexation
of it by our Congress would ” do injustice to
Mexico, and take a large portion of New Mexi
co, the inhabitants of which hate never been un
der the jurisdiction of Texas: this to me was
an insurmountable barrier—l could not place the
country in that position."
It is well known that Mr. Van Buren coin
cides in the opinion entertained by Mr. Wright.
We could introduce other views of distin
guished Democrats, but will reserve them for
aamthei'.tiuie.
How, and in vvliat-waun** !*«•**► U»e.,.lVh»*ro
differed from these views of Democrats?
Have they gone farther in giving “ aid and
comfort’’to Mexico. If they are “Mexican
Whigs,” what are these Democrats, to whom
we have referred ? Are they Mexican Demo
crats I We hear no abuse of them by the lead
ers and writers of our opponents. They have
no eyes and ears for the faults and “ tory” say
ings of their own great men—Wright, Van
Buren and Benton ! This is a strong Demo
cratic triad in favor of the Mexicans! One
would, probably, have been the Democratic
candidate for President if he had lived, one is
an Ex-President, and the other, next to Mr.
Calhoun, the greatest man in the ranks of the
Democracy. All of them believed and de
clared, that the land between the Nueces and
Rio Grande belonged to Mexico, and not to
Texas. Democracy is compelled to face these
facts and submit to them. They ought to teach
their writers and speakers to reprove the \V higs
with modesty and decorum. We have often
felt our good nature tried by their harsh
charges and epithets, but have been relieved by
the encouraging smiles and opinions of these
great sachems of the Democratic party.
We come now to another point of great
magnitude and interest. Mr. Pacheco, the
Mexican Secretary of State, in one of his com
munications said:
* /zi New Mexico, and the few leagues which
intervene between the right bank of the Nueces and
the left bank of the Bravo, lies the question of
peace or war.”
This was distinctly announced. This very ter
ritory between these rivers is the country giren
up as Mexitmn. by the greatest lights in the De
mocratic ranks. .And yet Mr. Polk has pre
ferred to renew war, to reopen its horrors, to
overwhelm his country with debt, rather than
vield it, rather than give up a wilderness which
his own friends, as well as the Mexicans, claim
ro be a natural boundary between Mexico and
the United States.
We hold up ibis fact in the eyes of the peo
ple. in the eyes of the Democrats. Behold it.
Look upon that wilderness that breathes in
howling winds over sterile sands on the one
hand, and then upon war on the other, grap
pling its victims and drinking their blood.
This latter, our President has chosen, rather
than give up the former, when his own most
distinguished and able friends admit that it be
longs to the enemy. We are in an evil condi
tion. Our President has brought us into a
great calamity, and it so happens, that the only
ground upon which it can be removed would
involve him in inconsistency. He claimed the
country of which we have been writing, and to
admit it to be Mexican and give it up. would be
a back out on his part and a sacrifice of his pride.
We must wage war to make the President con
sistent in error, and sacrifice the flower of the
country, to sustain his imbecile and guilty pride
What would our virtuous ancestors think,
if thev could only raise their heads from their
tombs and see the madness of our chief ruler,
and the tame acquiescence of so large a portion
of our people_?
Late Battles at the City of Mexico.
We would recur to the capture of the city
of Mexico, to make honorable mention of sev
eral who were natives of this city, and of Geor
gia. and who were wounded on those bloody
fields. The veterans Mclntosh and Twiggs.
fell covered with wounds, of which they sub
sequently died. They could do no more than
vield their lives in the service of their country.
The brave Capt. Wm. H. Walker, who was
wounded, as also Lieutenants W. Smith, and
E. Sf.lleck. who were likewise wounded,
were natives of this city. The two former
were of the regular army, the latter belonged
to the re jiinent of the Boutb Carolina Volun
teer*. Thev bare all feugbt bravely
flag of their country. Peace to the ashes of
the honored dead: honor to the gallant living.
Thecountrv will cherish (he memories of the
first, and d 6 honor to the heroic bravery of the
latter.
A clear, unblemished character comprehends
not onlv the intregrity that will not offer, but
the spirit that will not submit loan injury : and
whether it belongs to an individual or to a com
munity : it is the foundation of peace, of inde
pendence. and of safety Private credit is
wealth—public honor is security—the feather
that adorns the royal bird supports iu flight:
strip him of his p.umag*. and you fix him to
th* earth— Juni*s.
From the N. O. Picayune, TAth inst.
GENERAL ARMY ORDERS.
On the 17th of September, Gen. Scott re
published his general orders, proclaiming mar
tial law in places occupied by our troops, with
important additions. From these orders we
copy that portion by which contributions are
levied upon the capital, and the reasons there
for assigned. We are gratified to see this rigor
ous measure put in force :
14. For the ease and safety of both parties,
in all cities and towns occupied by the Ameri
can army, a Mexican police shall be establish
ed and duly harmonized with the military po
lice of said forces.
15. This splendid capital—its churches and
religious worship; its convents and monaste
ries; its inhabitants and property, are, more
over, placed under the special safe-guard of the
faith and honor of the American army.
16. In consideration of the foregoing pro
tection, a contribution of $150,000 is imposed
on this capital, to be paid in four weekly instal
ments of thirty-seven thousand five hundred
dollars ($37,500) each, beginning on Monday
next, the 20th inst., and terminating on Mon
day, the llth of October.
17. The Ayuntamiento, or corporate author
ity of the city, is specially charged with the
collection and paj meat of the several instal
ments.
M - <-'■ <- MMWbution to be pi ;
to this army, twenty thousantrdoHars shall be
appropriated to the purchase of extra comforts
for the wounded and sick in hospital; ninety
thousand dollars ($90,000) to the purchase of
blankets and shoes for gratuitous distribution
among the rank and file of the army, and forty
thousand dollars ($40,000) reserved lor other
necessary military purposes.
The next order we find is dated the 18th, a d
assigns to the troops their different quarters in
the city. That portion of the order would pos
sess no interest here, but the following para
graphs are of a gratifying character:
7. No private house shall be occupied by any
corps or officer until all suitable public build
ings within the above ranges shall be first fully
occupied ; and all officers attached to troops
shall be quartered with or near their troops re
spectively.
8. No rent shall be paid by the United States
for any building occupied by troops or officers,
without a special direction from general head
quarters; nor shall any private house be occu
pied as quarters without the free consent of the
owner, or orders from general headquarters.
No deviation from these injunctions will be
tolerated.
9. The collection of customs or duties at the
several gates of the city, by the civil authorities
of the same, will be continued as heretofore
until modified by the civil and military governor
(Maj. Gen Quitman) according to the views
of the general-in-chief. But supplies belong
ing to (he Quartermaster’s and Commissary’s
Department will at once be exempted from all
duties.
Gen. Quitman’s orders, dated the 17th, allow
unarmed persons, in the pursuit of their pri
vate affairs, to pass and repass the city gates
and outposts, but none witharms without spe
cial leave. He also prohibits arms, ammuni
tion, tobacco, or public property of any kind,
to be taken from tiie city.
Another order of Gen. Q. allows the collec
tion of customs and duties at the gates of the
city as usual, save on supplies for the Quarter
master’s and Commissary’s Department. The
proceeds are to be appropriated in the first in
stance to city expenses, and the residue as the
general may afterwards direct.
Though straightened for room, we cannot
forbear copying the following article from the
American Star, which does only justice to the
heroic gallantry of the privates tn our army :
The Rank aad File. — Never did the ranks of
an army in the world contain so many gallant
spirits as are numbered in this small band ot
ours, which fought its way from San Agustin
to this city. During that time many of the non
commissioned officers and privates distinguish
ed themselves to a great degree, and gave as
surance to the world that when Americans war
those of the lower grades enter into it with ail
the spirit of the highest in command. Recent
ly, when an order was read al the head ofcom
pantes yolimleers io step .out of
the ranTsto undertake some perilous enterprise
against the enemy, scarce a man remained in
the ranks, and it was with the greatest difficulty
the selection could be made, so eager were all
to participate in the adventure. How is it pos
sible to whip such men, unless they are all kill
ed ! Their hearing in action has not on y won
the admiration and esteem of’ the commander
in-chief. but he is so infatuated with them that
we verily believe he would be pleased to hug
to his breast the entire army at one tune.
“According to an act of Congress of March 3.
those who have distinguished lhem>elves here
will have a brevet grade of rank, or be entitled
lo receive additional pay, and hundreds of them
will be named for it by their commanders for
good conduct during the last month.
“ So nobly have the rank and file performed
the work given in charge that we wish it was
possible for all of them to be noticed in such
a manner as would bring to them some substan
tial reward from that Government for whom
they are performing such wonders in this coun
try.”
(Jen. Scott copied the act of Congress above
alluded to into one ot his general orders, with
remarks most gratifying to his troops, and he
extended indulgencies to them of a trilling but
pleasing kind, in issuing allowances of tobacco
from the Mexican slock captured.
At a general court martial, convened on the
20th. amongst others, were tried Sergeant Jas.
B.mnan and Corporal Edward Hill, of the sth
Infantry, charged with mutinous conduct and
drunkenness on guard. .After a fair and im
partial investigation of the facts they were
found guilty of the charges preferred and both
sentenced lo be shot. The Star, from which
we learn the facts, says that (Jen. Worth and
ail the officers of the sth Infantry signed a re
quest for the pardon <d these men, and that the
sentence was suspended. There are reports of
several trials for minor offences in the Star, but
we cannot find room for them.
A statement is made iu the Star vindicating
Gen. Scottfrom the complaints we presume to
have been made by the Mexican prisoners in
his hands, of hardships and ill treatment. It is
shown conclusively that these prisoners have
onlv their own Government to blame, for it
twice refused to entertain overtures made by
Gen. Scott lo effect an arrangement by which
the situation of the prisoners might be render
ed as little irksome as possible. (Jen. Scott
holds the Mexican officers on parole strictly to
their pledge of honor, although the Mexican
Government has encouraged them to violate it.
He moreover requires the Mexicans to furnish
necessaries for all his prisoners, and allows them
tu furnish as many luxuries as tiiey please.
The following orders of (J :i .Brr»tt point to
a danger by which he ro bout. I'iie order is
eminently characteristic of his high spirit. Ins
humanity and care for his troops:
trf.ncral Orders —No. 296.
HeU’QUARTER* OF THE ARMY. ?
Mexico. Sept. 22. 1*47. )
The general-in-chief has received, through
many kind sources, Mexican and others, un
doubted information that an extensive conspi
racy is on foot about us, to surprise (by means
of an insurrection) our guards and quarters,
and to murder our officers and men.
Mexican officers and soldiers, in disguise,
who had not the courage to defend their capi
tal. are the leaders of this conspiracy, aided by
some fifteen hundred thieves and murderers,
who were turn d loose for that purpose and to
prev upon the peaceful inhabitants, the night
before the triumphal entry of the American ar
mv into this city.
The conspirators have also the services of
several false priests who dishonor the holy re
ligion which they profess for the specialocca
sion.
Until ready for the insurrection, the disguised
villians hope'to do us much harm m detail. —
Their plan is to assassinate stragglers, particu
larly drunken men; to entice individuals or
small parties into shops, to drink, and to stab
them when in their cups; to entice our gallant
Roman Catholic soldiers who have done so
much honor to our colors, to desert, under a
promise of lands in California, which our arms
have already conquered, and which, forever,
will remain’a part of the United States.
Let all our soldiers. Protestant and Catholic,
remember the fate of the deserters taken at
Churubusco. These deluded wretches were
also promised money and laud: but the Mexi
can Government, by every sort of ill usage,
drove them to take up arms against the country
and flas they had voluntarily sworn to support,
and next placed them in front of the battle—in
positions from which they could not possibly
escape the conquering valor of our glorioiro
ranks. After cverv effort of the general-in
chiefto save, by judicious discrimination, as
many of those miserable convicts as possible,
fiftv of them have paid for their treachery by
an ignominious death on the gallows.'
Again the general-m-chief calls on his breth
ren in arms, of al! grades, to be constantly on
the alert, by day. as by night; never to appear
in the streets without side arms: to walk out
only in parties of twos, threes or more, and to
avoid ah obscure places—particularly treache
rous dram shopsand liquor stores.
Bv command ofMaj. Gen. Bcott:
H.L. SCOTT. A A A. G.
The following orders will show how sohei
to**® Gen Scott i® that the religious sentiment®
of the Mexicans should be respected by hro
troops. AH tolerant and good men we think
will approve:
General Orders —No. 297.
Headquarters of the Army, ?
Mexico, Sept. 24, 1847. 5
1. Here, as in all Roman Catholic countries,
there are frequent religious processions in the
streets as well as in churches, such as the ele
vation of the host, the viaticum, funerals, &c.
2. Ihe interruption of such processions has
already been prohibited in orders, and as no
civilized persons will ever wantonly do any
act to hurt the religious feelings of others, it is
earnestly requested of all Protestant Americans
either to keep out of the way or lo pay to the
Catholic religion and its ceremonies every de
cent mark of respect and deference.
3. In the case of the viaticum [visits of con
solation to the sick and dying] commanders of
corps are requested, when called upon, to al
low two Roman Catholic soldiers to perform
the usual functions on such occasions.
4. There is every reason to believe that a
very large distribution of knives and dirks has
recently been made to liberated convicts,
[thievjgs and murderers] for the purpose of
assassinating American soldiers found drunk
or otherwise off their guard.
5. Measures are in progress to search out
and seize for execution the instigators and lead
ers of those assassing. In the mean time guards
: gijd paupjs wifi search susgicious persons,
disarm, and if necessary confine them (or trial,
and punishment.
Bv command ofMaj. Gen. Scott:
H. L. SCOTT, A. A A. G.
The following order touches the military po
lice of the city :
General Orders—No. 298.
Headquarters of the Army, (
Mexico, Sept. 24,1847. $
To insure good order and discipline during
the occupation by the army of this capital, the
following daily details will be regularly made:
1. A general officer of the day, to report to
the general-in-chief—to superintend generally
the exterior good order and discipline of the
whole garrison, to visit the guards and out
posts, to call out and inspect the inlying pickets
as often and at such times as he may think pro
per, to organize patrols from the inlying pick
ets, and to receive all reports concerning the
preservation of order and discipline, and make
immediate communication of any extraordina
ry occurrence to the general-in-chief.
2. A field officer of the day of each division,
and one of the cavalry brigade, who will have
the immediate superintendence ofthe troops in
quarters of the division and brigade ; to be pre
sent at the mounting and dismounting of the
guards of his division, particularly of the inly
ing pickets, always to be considered under his
immediate command; to call them out for in
spection, and to order such patrols from them,
under the direction of the “general officer of
the day,” as may be deemed necessary to in
sure good order and discipline in the city, and
in the event of an inlying picket being order
ed to march, he will head it.
3. One-third of each regiment not on other
duty will constitute its portion of the inlying
pickets.
4. A captain or subaltern of the day. of each
regiment, will superintend the quiet, cleanli
ness and regularity ofthe quarters of the regi
ments, attend the parading of all regimental
guards, and order the roll to be called frequent
ly and al unexpected periods, and report every
thing extraordinary to the commanding officer,
visit company kitchensand messes, and make a
report of their condition to the commanding
officer.
By order of Maj. Gen. Scott:
11. L. SCOTT, A. A. A. G.
The following orders issued by Gen. Quit
man require no explanation at our hand:
Office of the Civil and Military Gov. ?
National Palace, Sept. 25, 1847. )
Whereas, it is known that officers of the
Mexican army are now in this city without the
permission of theproper authorities—this is to
give all such persons notice that they are requir
ed to report themselves, within the next three
days, to Lieut. Col. Hitchcock, inspector Gen.
ofthe Army, at his office, No. 10, Calle Capu- ,
chinas, or they will be proceeded against as
spies.
J. A. QUITMAN. Maj. Gen. and Gov.
Office of the Civil and Military Gov. ?
National Palace, Sept. 27, 1847. j
An effort is making to impose upon the sol
diers of the army by depreciating tiie value of
the gold and silver coin ofthe United States in
this market. To prevent the confusion and in
justice which will arise from the toleration of
this evil, disordered thatin all transactions of
purchase and sale the coin of the United States
shall be received according to its lawful value;
that is, an eagle for ten dollars; a half eagle for
five dollars ; a fifty cent piece for a half dollar ;
a twenty-five cent piece for a quarter ofa dol
lar; a dime for the one-tenglh of a dollar; a
half dime for one-twentinlh ofa dollar. All
persons violating this order will he liable to a
tine of five dollars for each offence.
J. A. QUITMAN, Maj. Gen. U. S. A. and
Civil and Military Governor.
Office of the Civil and Military Gov. ?
National Palace, Sept. 20, 1847. $
All persons, whether public or private indi
viduals. to whom tobacco, cigars, puros, or
any other public property, money or credits
have been entrusted by the Mexican Govern
ment, or its agents, for safe keeping or for sale,
are required, without delay, to present at this
office written statements of the amount and
places of deposits; or just accounts ofthe dis
position of the same, with proper vouchers.
J. A. QUITMAN. Maj. Gen, and Gov.
Office of the Civil and Military Gov. >
National Palace, Sept. 22,1847. )
To enable the city authorities to raise the
contribution levied upon them, the following
Orders are made with the approbation of the
general-in-chief.
1. The municipal authorities of the city and
district will retain all their usual sources of re
venue. In addition thereto, the internal cus
toms or duties which have heretofore been col
lected at the custom-house, city gates and else
where, are. for the present, surrendered to the
Ayuntamiento, to be collected and disposed of
by them, subject to such modifications and or
ders as may from time to lime be received from
the general-in-chief.
2. The management and revenues of the
post office are likewise, for the present, yield
ed up to the Ayuntamiento.
3. After setting aside a supply ofthe public
cigars and tobacco sufficient for two months’
consumption, to be distributed in kind to the
army, the residue will be disposed of to the
municipal authorities at the rale of per ar-
roba, with leave to dispose of it in the manner
and at the prices heretofore usual with the
.Mexican Government. The price and the
terms <»f the sale to the Ayuntamient o to be de
termined on between them and the principal
quartermaster ofthe army.
4. Tobacco, not belonging to the Mexican
(Jovernnront, and which may hereafter be
brought into market, may be disposed of by the
city authorities as heretofore.
5. AH sup plies for the army shall be intro
duced free of any duty or charge whatever.
6. Semi-weekly reports of the receipts into
the city treasury, and of the expenditures, will
be made to tiro civil and military Governor.
J. A. QUITMAN Maj. Gen. U.S. A.
and Civil and Military Governor.
Important Invention*
We learn from the Hagerstown Torchlight
that Mr. Samuel Bentz,ofßoonsborough,Md.,
has discovered a process, which is now being
patented, which, it is asserted, completely re
moves all hran and extraneous matter from
wheat in its natural state, leaving the grain
nothing but pure unground flour, and effecting
a saving or gain of at least one-tenth. I lie
editor adds—
The outer coating of the gr.un is completely re
movedj and instead ot -ix?y-one |>ounds of of’al, (or
one bushel of Wheat to the barrelj the ufal under this
system will notexcced from seven to twelve pounds;
and while from twenty-five to fifty per cent. «4 time
is saved in the grinding, the varieties of wheat are
improved from live to fifteen per cent, producing the
best hot climate flour kno au in the worid. These
results have been arrived at by actual experiment,
and the public can thus -ee, at a glance, the immeiue
importance of the improvement. The cultivation of
mil], ns ofadditi nal acres, could not benefit tfce
world more tt»an this single, and we are told, truly
simple invention. We have a specimen of the an
branned w heat, which we w ill take pleasure in show
mj • . any one who wishes tr> examine it. A specimen
New Y rk Pi
elici ed the following highly complimentary letter :
N. Y. State Agricultural Society*. /
Albaxv, September 25, 1847. )
**. Bentz: Your letter enclosing samples of wheat
with your notice as to the improvement, was re
ceived too late to be passed up>n by the Judges at
the/’air, but has been carefully examined by the
Executive Committee, and they are impressed wuh
its e*rca( f<i7ueto the w heat growing districts ot our
State. We are desirous ot' a?<crtaining the process
by w hich it is accomplished, the expense attending it
and whether it can be done fast enough, so as to sup
ply a run ofstone (or grinding. We have awarded
you a diploma, which ro herewith enclosed. I should
be pleased to have you send me by express a large
sample of wheat and also of bran —say two quarts. —
we are desirouste ascertain al! we can in relation to
it, as we deem it very important. I am. respectfully
vour®. ' B P JOHNSON,
SWry. N. Y S. Ag. Society
VOL. LXI. -NEW SERIES, VOL. XI., NO. 43.
Augusta, (Seo.:
SATURDAY MORNING, OCT. 23, 184r7.
The Mexican Difficulty.
The time has arrived when the intelligent
and reasonable men of all parties should investi
gate our controversy with the people of Mexi
co, with a view to a speedy termination of the
war. Public opinion must be enlightened on
the matter in dispute, and compel the Federal
Government to desist from its mad attempt to
coerce, at the point of the bayonet, a foreign
nation, against the will of its citizens, to become
a part and parcel of the American Union. Do
we not “hold this truth to be self-evident,”
that the people living on the Rio Grande and
in New Mexico, as well as those of Canada
and Nova Scotia, have undoubted right to live
under other governments than that of the Uni
ted States, if they choose ?
This is a plain question, and the principle in
volved must be settled by public opinion in
this country. If the sons of revolutionary fa
thers are prepared to deny the right of cotnmu
nities tq selUgoverntyeiJl. high time the*
whole truth was lAbwn. That this war is one
of conquest—a war to gain the privilege of
governing inhabitants and territories without
the United States, against their consent —is now
admitted by all.
The Mexican commissioners offered to cede,
as a basis of peace, all the territory north of thir
ty-seven degrees; while Mr. Trist in, behalf
of the author of this war, James K. Polk, de
manded all the territory eleven degrees south
of that line, from the Nueces to the Pacific.
The Mexicans wished to make the Nueces the
western boundary of Texas; Mr. Trist the
Rio Grande. It is a war of invasion on our
part to gain the jurisdiction of more territory.
Is t'tere not much truth and point in the fol
lowing remarks of the Mexican Commission
ers in one of their letters to Mr. Polk’s repre
sentative ?
“ It is not without sorrow ought we to confess that
we are giving to humanity tho scandalous example of
two Christian piople of two Republics, who, fora dis
pute concerning boundaries, mutually do themselves
all the injury that is possible, when we have more
land than is sufficient to populate and cultivate in the
beautiful hemisphere in which Providence ha® cast
our lot.”
Either Republic has indeed more land than
it cultivates, or will need for centuries to come.
Why, then, shall we insanely sacrifice 200.000
valuable lives, fill our nation with widows and
orphans, and waste untold millions of money,
to get what we do not need, and have no moral
right to gain by conquest ? If we may conquer
and hold a part of Mexico, it requires but an
extension of the principle to subjugate and hold
the whole.
A few of the more rabid partizans of the Ad
ministration already assume this ground. The
Washington Union says:
“The character of the war must change. Our
enemy roust be made to feel its burdens and its evils
more and more. The inhabitants of’ her towns must
be laid under stringent contributions. We must
pour in upon her new troops, and demand and take
from her authoritie«and her people the means of sup
porting and subsisting them in the field.”
This is the way the Administration aims to
temper the feelings of the people of a sister
Republic so that they will harmonize with those
of their Northern masters, and render them de
sirablecopartners in our system of government!
Conquer and govern all Mexico ? It is the
dream of madmen. This question rises far
above all mere party considerations. It is trea
son to the whole soul and substance of the De
claration of Independence, to deny the right of
the Mexicans to govern themselves, without
our let or hindrance.
Most of their lands belong to citizens by nu
merous grants. To acquire any color of title,
our Government must not only conquer the
armies of Mexico, but rob her large land-hold
ers of their estates. It should be understood
that it is jurisdiction—governing power —not
lands which are to be the spoils of this war.
Kings have found it a pleasant business to ex
pend hundreds of millions drawn from their
subjects by oppressive direct and indirect taxes,
for the empty glory of governing vast territo
ries. Is the King of American “democracy”
destined lo tread in their footsteps ? We pai ise
for a reply.
The State Canvas*.
Some of our Georgia papers have been di.*#-
cussing the question of the fairness of opposing
presses in the late canvass for Governor and
members of the Legislature. We do unhesita
tingly coincide with the Whig papers in an ex
pression of their opinion, that the Democratic
papers exhibited much unfairness and an ille
gitimate method of attack upon the character,
private and political, ofthe Whig candidate.-
We venture the assertion, that i t is a rare case,
that a man so pure, so honorable and so worthy
ns Gen. Clinch, should be treated with ho much
injustice and attacked with ho much illiberal
criticism, and even malevolent opposition. If
tiie tactics of party may have trenched upon
personalities, we believe the Whigs are not i’C
sponsible for the same. Indeed, we remember
no instance in which the press of that party as
saulted the opposition upon other than public
grounds, or for reasons not justified by tiie cir
cumstances ofthe case.
To undertake to discriminate as to facts,
would rs open angry discussion and tax the time
and patience of our readers in an inordinate de
gree. We merely refer to the subject to ex- i
press an opinion. We are aware that some
persons imagine that any efforts to ridicule and
satirize the positions and electioneering prac
tices of public men are personal attacks. But
such is not necessarily the fact. With the ex
ception of those legitimate weapons of attack
and defence, we arc aware o. r nothing in our
course that could be tortured into anifairness
throughout the campaign. As this is a matter,
however, which would probably be decided by
friends of parties as they woubd decide .matters
at the polls, namely, by sustaining their own
side, we knew of no good lively to arise from
the discussion.
We hope, however, that in future contest*
there will be no occasion for fault-finding on eith
er side, and that men and measures will b? attack
ed or defended only upon their public rets and
merits. We hope there will be no occa. ’ion lor
public reproof—but commendation rat her, of
each party by the other, for the exerci- te of a
manly and strictly justifiable opposition.
Mr. Joseph R. Ingersoll’s Address*
We have omitted for some days to acl .now
ledge the reception of the Address delive red by
Mr. Isgersoll before the Demosthene. tn and
Phi Kappa socie’ies ofthe University of Geor
gia, at the last commencement in August.—
Our correspondent gave, at the time, an accoi nit
of the proceedings ofthe University, and anic ng
others of this speech. He prepared us to an
ticipate a rich treat in its perusal, by the hi gh
encomium which he passed upon it. The pi ib
lic voice proclaimed its excellence, and we
have the gratification ofcoincidiug with all oth
ers who heard and admired it, in the opinion,
that it was an effort of great beauty and intello c
tual ability. His subject was Refinement. W e
cannot under ake to criticise it in detail, be t
would call attention to it as a specimen of clas
sical writing worthy of being generally read.
It is intrinsically meritorious, and decorate 1
with an intellectual painting that blends in hap -
pv harmony the hues of a brilliant imagina -
lion, a ripe taste and profound judgment. W< >
would not deface it by a hasty review, but asl ;
of our readers to look upon it as it is, read it
and judge for themselves. As it has beea pnb -
lished. we presume it is pretty generally scaV
tered through the State. Our copy is at th<
service of those wh© may desire to read il
From the, N. O. Picayune, 15t/» inst.
THE STORMING OF CHAPULTEPEC,
Gen. Bravo’s Official Report.
Gen. Bravo gives the followingaccountofthe
operations at and about Chapultepec, on the
12‘h and 13th, to the Minister of War. We use
the translation of the American Star:
Excellent Sir:— Having to give you and the
nation an account of the late occurrences at the
fortress of Chapultepec, which was under my
charge, I am under the painful necessity of
doing it in the present note, which as you will
see, is only relative to the unfortunate days of
the 12th and 13th insts., during which time I
had the exclusive command ; as you well know
all the operations previous to that time were
directed by his Excellency the President, gen
eral-in-chief, Don Antonio Lopez de Santa An
na.
On the afternoon of the 11th the enemy took
possession of the house called Molino del Rey,
which borders the woods of Chapultepec, on
the west side, which movement plainly indica
ted their intention of attacking in that quarter,
as it was natural to suppose they could have
no other in re-taking possession of the point*
they abandoned on the afternoon of the Bth.
This indicated likewise the necessity, on our
part, of attending to the defence of the woods,
as on the preservation of it depending that of
the fortress, for without it the garrison would
havejtieen deprived of all assistance, and would
ev_en have been ii| need of water, which was
obtained from there. *
The Forces which I had under my command
on the morning of the 12th amounted, accor
ding to the enclosed account, to 832 men, dis
tributed in the manner therein stated, and ten
pieces of artillery, three of heavy calibre, five
smaller, and two mountain howitzers, all sup
plied with full ammunition and artillery men.
Os the said forces there were 367 men to keep
the lower points and roads of the hill, and the
rest kept the heights. The fortifications of the
building had hardly commenced, and the fort,
protected by wood work, was too feeble to resist
the artillery of the enemy. In this state of af
fairs the enemy commenced firing on us at
half-past 6 o’clock on the morning of the 12th
from three batteries situated, one at the hacienda
de la Condesa, another near the Arzobispado
de Tacubaya, and the third on the hills of xMo
lino del Rey. Their firing continued without
intermission until half-past 7at night. Their
different projectiles, superior to ours, did not
cause much damage at first, owing to the bad
ness of their aim. but on rectifying their aim, the
edifice suffered mueh, and the garrison was con
siderably lessened in killed, wounded and hurt.
Among the latter was the esteemed and faithful
Gen. Don Nicholas Saldana. The firing was
only answered by three of our large pieces, the
carriage for a fourth not having been sent from
the citadel as had been requested by me.
During this day, two aid-de-camps from his
Excellency the President, and one from your
Excellency, were sent to me to know and to
ascertain if I needed any assistance in defending
the fortress. My only answer to his Excellen
cy was, that one or two battalions should be
sent to me, to be stationed in the wood to sup
port the small force scattered about in it. The
active battalion of San Blas, under command
of its Col. Xicotencatl, was sent, but was re
called in the evening by his Excellency, the
President, without giving me or the chief who
had charge of the position, any notice whatev
er. Between G ami 7at night, another mes
sage from the President was received, which
induced me to go down to the gate of Rastrillo,
and see him in person. He there told me that
he had already recalled a battalion of San Blas,
and gave me orders to withdraw the small force
they had supported, as hit Excellency was de
termined to abandon that position, and defend
the height alone. Your Excellency is aware
of the observations I made in opposition to that
resolution, and that the effect they had induced
the President to concur with me that it was ne
cessary to keep the woods at every risk. He
then offered to send me another battalion that
very night, in order to maintain the position in
the wood, and reinforce the garrison should
they need it. 1 insisted on the necessity of its
being promptly done, stating to his Excellency
that with the troops then there, it was impossi
ble to pass it, as the battalion from Toluca had
nearly all deserted, and that the small force re
maining had lost all moral courage, from the
effects of the firing on that day. But the Pres
ident concluded by stating that he would not
send them immediately, as he did not wish to
concentrate too large a body of troops in the
fortress, and thus present a greater body to the
power of the enemy’s projectiles—assuring
me, however, that we would be succored in
time.
The battalion offered was not sent, and this
obliged me to dismember the force I had guard
ing the heights, to augment with 100 men that
which was sustaining the point below, and with
162 the outer works of the fortress, with orders
to return to the fortress in case of attack by a su
perior force. By this means the force that was
stationed in lhe woods was composed 0f215
men ; 374 kept lhe advance or outer works, and
243 the fortress.
During the night the desertion continued,
though in less number ; the garrison of the out
er works likewise diminished, and of all the bat
talion from Tolney, which, when I received it
amounted to 450 men, there only remained 27
men and the officers, D. Lauro Cardenas, D.
Julian Molina, D. Manuel Jimenez. D. Jose Ma
ria Romero, D. Juan Estrada, D. Jose Maria
Cortes and 1). Angel Colina ; therefore, at day
light on the 18th 1 only counted a little over 200
men in the principal part of the fortress to resist
the assault of three of lhe enemy’s columns,
3500 or 4000 strong; and even many of those
few were so demoralized by the fatal example
of their companions and that of some of the of
ficers, that they attempted flight in such a de
gree as to make it necessary to fire upon sever
al of them who were seen letting themselves
down from the top of the building.
In view of this difficult position, and knowing
that the enemy w ould commence the assault
immediately, judging by the activity of their
fires, which they recommenced at half past 5 in
the morning. I directed you, one hour after
my note of the 13tfi, in which I slated the direc
tion of the troops and the absolute necessity of
my being reinforced with a different kind of sol
diers. or otherwise it would be impossible to
defend the fortress, and that my responsibility
would cease from that moment. The aid-de
camp who took this note returned to the fortress
and told me that he had delivered the note into
your hands, having found you with his Excel
’eney, the President, who also read the note, at
the House of Alfaro.
Seeing that the time was passing off, that the
enemy haJ commenced moving his columns and
the help required did not arrive—in spite of my
fourth note of that morning, and the repeated
offers of the President to send two thousand
men to die fortressin time of need —and know
ing that Gen. Rangel's brigade was near the
fort—l gent two aids to request his assistance
then, which, in a short time, would be of no
avail, lhe Gens. Rangel and Pena Barragan
answered me, by the last of my aids, that they
could not come to my assistance without die or
ders of the President.
At 9 in the morning the columns of the ene
my, protected by an active fire from their artil
lery, commenced entering the woods on the
side of Molino del Rey, and advancing by the
Tacubaya road. The weakness of the forces
that covered the abundant trenches towards the
wood—forces that had been diminished by de
sertions the night before —let the enemy ad
vance with slight obstacles and take possession
of the outer works—it being proper to observe
here that the troops who hud been beaten at
these points did not fall back on the fortress as
ordered.
The hill being completely surrounded by the
ent? my. they charged their greatest force on the
west side, which is the easiest of access, and for
winefi reason we had prepared some mines, the
train of which was possessed by the Engineer,
D. Mauiuel Aleman, who had been instructed
to blow them up when ordered; but this offi
cer. although he had been particularly charged
not to leave lhe place where he was to receive
my orders on any account whatever, did not
comply, and when he was sought for at the crit
ical moment could not be found, and hence the
prep«2 re d mines were of no avail, and the ene
my had t. I *** great obstacle out of the way. Thia
circumstance on 'he one hand and the large
number ofthe eri’Wy on the other and the want
of all help and the fa.‘ l U'g ba ck ofthe troops that
defended the outer ?’ork«, spread terror
amongst the artillery men wliO , had n, ’ t bee "
wounded, and they fled from ;heir guns, and
confusion shortly communicated to * KO J;
diers who had remained, so that no ear.. *’y e ‘*
fort could control them and make the cnemj .*
triumph dearer to him.
Ihe enemy, however, sustained a propor
tionate loss to the resistance that was made, and
though it and the remembrance without doubt,
of what they experienced in the action ofthe Bth
—the result of which had considerably disheart
ened his troops —he was seen to vacillate in the
assault, notwithstanding the smallness of our
fires and the advantages he had gained. There
fore it can be assured, that with a little more
help in the way of reinforcements, with which
we could have prolonged the defence for some
time, the enemy, beaten, would have returned
to his camp in Tacubaya to put in execution
the retreat which a few days before it was re
ported had been determined upon.
It is impossible for me to give your Excel
lency an accurate account of our loss, because,
in mv position as a prisioner. 1 am in want of all
the necessiry documents; I can only assure
I rou that of all those who remained in lhe fort,
i up to the last moment, these who were not kill-