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by J. w.& VV. S. JONES.
Senns, &c.
THE WEEKLY
CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL
la Published every Wednesday,
at two dollars per annum
IN ADVANCE.
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r a free copy to all who may procure us Jive sub
cribers, and forward usthe money.
THE CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL
DAILY AND TRI-WEEKLY,
Are also published at this office, and mailed to sub
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Datcr Paesa $lO per annum
Tax-WggKLT Papbr 5 »<
TERMS OF ADVERTISING.
In Wkbklt. —Seventy-five cents per square(l2
lines or less) for the first insertion, and Fifty cents so
each subsequent insertion.
THE
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
FOR THE
C AMP AIGN.
On the 4th Monday of June, inst., the Whigs
wilt meet in Convention to nominate a Candi
date for Governor. The Proprietors and Edi
tors of the WuKtr Chronicle & Sentinel,
anxious to contribute their mite and their best
energies to the success of a cause to which
they are so earnestly devoted, propose to fur
nish their paper during the campaign, from the
Ist of July to the Ist of October, on the folio w
ng terms:
One Paper 50 Cts.
o Ten Papers $4 00
Thirty Papers $lO 00
Always in Advance.
These terms are such as to enable the Whigs
in every county to place a paper in the hands
of every voter. Let the Whigs, therefore, do
their duty—let them circulate the documents,
enlighten every man who will read and think
and act for himself, and Georgia will be re
deemed.
Onward it moves, Disease and Death retire,
And murm’ring Demons hate—but admire.
DR. K KRLER’S SARSAPARI LLA, for the
removal and permanent cure of diseases arising
from impurities of the blood, and habit of the body,
viz: Chronic diseases of the chest, Bronchitis, Pleuri
cy. Catarrh, etc., Scrofula in all its forms, Tetter,
Scaldhead, Blotches, Ulcers, Chronic affections of
the stomach, liver and rkin, chronic rheumatism,
white swellings, abuses, syphilitic disorders, consti
tutional debility, and for all mercurial and hereditary
predispositions, dec.
For the cure of the above diseases, art furnishes
no remedy equal to Dr. Keeler’s Sarsaparilla. Its
virtue has been tested in all chronic, glandular and
r constitutional diseases. Afflicted: “be wise in time
’tis folly to defer.”
?3*Rea<l the following testimony :
Philadelphia, Nov. 22, 1848.—Dr. Keeler—Dear
Sir:—l take great pleasure in bearing testimony in
behalf of your valuable medicine, Sarsaparilla. I
have been using it for a pain in the side of long
standing, which was occasioned by a severe attack
of Pleurisy and fever several years since in the West.
For several months past my health has been failing,
and the pain in the side, so sovere at times as to dis
able me from attending to my business. I have used
many remedies with scarce any benefit until I com
menced using your Sarsaparilla, since which time
my health has gradually improved, so much so that
at the present time I enjoy much better health than
for years pa»-t. I have used the medicine in my
family, and consider it infinitely superior to any
remedy, within my knowledge in chronic affections
of the chest and organs of digestion.
HENRY THOMAS, 142 South Second-st.
Philadelphia, Nov. 24, 1848.—Dr. Keeler—Dear
Sir : I feel it my duty to state to you the good effects
your Saraa[>arilla produced on a son of mine, who
has been for several years afflicted with what physi
cians have termer! Scrofula. He has been somewhat
hard of hearing for several years, accompanied with
a constant discharge from the ears, anti a dull heavy
pain across the forehead; his general health quite
feeble, appetite precarious, and bowels irregular.
There were swellings of the anil at the angle of
the jaws, the conqJexion of on ashy paleness, and
all the characteristics of wasting health. At your re
quest, I commenced giving him your Sarsaparilla and
1 atn rejoiced to state that after using three bottles,
there has been a remarkable change for the better.
The pain across the forehead is entirely gone, the swel-
disappeared, rhe color of ttes skin is now.
Jiite one enjoying good health, indeed be now says
he feels well, appetite good, sleeps well, and is really
changed, which I attribute solely to your medicine.
1 feel fully satisfied from what I have witnessed in
my own child, that it is a medicine of unsurpassed
power in diseases of a Scrofulous character. You
ure at liberty to make use of this as you may deem
proper. CHARLES FLAGG, George-st.
Prepared and sold wholesale and retail. North
West corner 3d and South and 3d and Green streets,
Philadelphia. For sale also by Druggists and Mer
chants throughout the State. Jj’Pricc 31 per bot
tle, large size ; 6 bottles for 35. For [>articulars see
pamphlets.
Also, Dr. Keeler’s CORDIAL AND CARMINA
TIVE, the beat remedy ever yet discovered or used
tor Dysentery Diarrhoea, Cholera Morbus, Colic,
Flatulency, and so- all derangement* of the Stomach
and Bowels, caused by TEETHING. Price 25
cents per bottle.
Also. Dr. Keeler’s AMERICAN COMPOUND,
the most speedy and certain remedy for all disea
ses of a delicate character, known to the world.
For sale by PHILIP A. MOISE, sole Agent for
Augusta In Savannah, by R. M. Turner & Co., A.
A. Solomons ; G. Payne, Macon ; Caster & Coz,
Montgomery; J. C. Spottawood. Huntsville; G. (’al
ter, Mobile; T. Mitchell, Natchez. jel3U6m
’ GRENVILLE’S ALMANAC
FOR IHSO.
astronomical calculations
BY HUBERT GRIER, LATE OF
Hutts County, (■ corgi a,
WILL. BK Pl BLINIIKD and ready for de
livery early in July. In addition to it* usual
content*, the Almannc tor 1850, will contain the Tax
Digest of each county in the State, a* returned at the
office of the Comptroller General. Thia include*
Ist. Money at Interest;
2d. Stock in Trad? ;
3d. Value of Town Property ;
4th. Value of Taxable Property;
sth. Amount of Taxes Returned;
tilh. Poor School Fund ;
7th. Number of Poor Children Returned;
Bth. Value of Manufactures ;
9ih. Pleasure Carriage*, Av.. Ar., Ac.
Electoral vote of the State ami United States ;
Ivulternatorial vote of Georgia in 1847 ;
Population Table* of Georgia and United State* ;
Post Offices; Interest Table at 7 per cent;
Court Calendar, County Officers, Ac., Ac.
Valuable matter ior South Carolina, Alabama and
Tennessee.
This Almanac will be furnished at the usual rate,
grus*. Merchants of the interior, who desire it,
can have a separate advertisement upon the outer page
far 50 cent* a gro**, additional. A liberal discount
made to dealers. Orders are requested to be sent in
by the Ist of July.
CHAS. E. GRENVILLE,
jel2-dAw Bookseller, Augusta, Geo.
PAINTS, OILS, WINDOW GLASS
&.C. &,C.
HAVILAND. RISLEY A CO.. Drug-
Ajh gists, have on hand, and are receiving, constant
»upplie*o* ‘pure,’ ‘extra, ‘No. I’ and ‘ No. 2’ White
Lwi in keg* of from 25 to 300 poumk, of warranted
quality; Paint Oil; Tanner’s Oil; Limp Oil; Spirits
Turpentine; Varmsbeaof all kinds; Chrome Yellow;
Chrome Green, dry and m Oil; Imperial Green,
in Oil; Venhgnis, dry and in Oil; Emerald Green;
Prussian Blue; Ultra-marine Blue; Vermillion;
Venetian Red; Red Lead; Rose Pink; Spanish
Brown, dry and in Oil; Yellow Ochre; Litharge;
Ter-de-Sienna; Umber; l*ampblack ; Drop Black ;
Black Lead; Ivory Black ; Whiting; Chalk; Putty;
Gold Leaf; Glue; Sand-paper; Pumice Stone;
Rotten Stone; Emery; Painters’and Tanners’Brush
es of all kinds; Window, Picture Glass,
ot allaasee; Paint Mills and Paint Stones; together
with every article equally found in Drug Stores, of
the beet quality, and at very low prices at wholesale
and retail.
dowell to call. Ordersprompt
ly attended to. *4
TO MOTHERS.
ROBINSON'S PATENT BARLEY, strong-
» ly recommend'd by Physician* as a nutritious,
cooling food for latent*. It i« also much approved for
making Custard, Pudding, and excellent far thicken
ing Broths or Soap*. ROBINSON’S P.xTF.N r
GROATS, far making a delicate Gruel which will
not roar on the stomach. Those articles are put up
>a packages at 25 cent* each, and are warranted gen
uine For aaU by
PHILIP A. MOISE, Druggist,
je23 Augusta, Geo.
C O NSTITUTIONAL RENOVATOR
PKKSONS IN BAI) health, suffering under
•ny chronic disease, er wb>' may need some
thing to renovate the system and prepare it to with
stand the debilitating effect* of the warm weather,
and ward off EPIDEMIC DISEASES, will do well
u> as*
RIUKY'S SARSAPARILLA.
which t* one of the beet alterative and restorative
medicine* that can be used.
<■ ampere the dirvcmms and observe that
w about four time* .“ic strength of an j
oOrr, in large bottle*; price One Dollar. Sold by
HAVILAND, RISLEY A CO. and tv Drugg -U
and country mere ham* generally. jell-dA w
GEORGE KINLOCH,
OF CHARLESTON. S. CAROLINA
yiroVLD HKSPKCTKI’LLY .’dir iMarr-
V u> th. cuixeo. of Gforsia, Al.Nini'and
.7 1 ,*»d .UXuMtooCGRAIN
AM> OTHER PRODUCE. « Oxnmiwwi.
lenw— M re efr . ,;’ Ura . e fy-
~ , REFERENCES: 8
c - <■«
r W. R. South.
u j Y .rbruujjh A Lamkin,
Joh» » \Y E. Altxar.d«r, E.J.,
C £ Frnwr « Co., , K j E~.“ ’
C< " ““™ ev 4 L ’><- Ufferty. StcatKrnt
A. K G ' x - . . S. C.
V , wA
100 cou ‘* hkmp ROPE, tor saie bv
Hand, williams A Co.
■ ClLllTllrlLLt^£ &
______——i^— ———
Augusta, ©fl.:
FRIDAY MORNINC). JULY C, 1849. 1
DeKalb Cotton Factory.
The Camden (South Carolina) Journal, con
tains the following very interesting account of 1
this Factory, which is located a few miles from
that town. We rejoice to see such evidences, 1
rare as they may be, of the progress of im- 1
provementin South Carolina ; and trust that j
they will go far to disabuse the mind of her citi- 1
zens as to the absurd theories, amounting to ! ’
monomania, of some of the journals of that ’
State, about the Factory System. “There are '
none so blind as those who will not see,” and '
any man must be the victim of a remarkable
obliquity of vision who does not perceive the |
important benefits to the entire community,
(especially the poor) around this Factory.
The capitalists who embarked iu the enter
prise are becoming richer, and the poor who had i
labor to sell have found a market for their com- '
modity at remunerating prices—prices which I
enable them to live comfortably, enjoy a few 5
of the luxuries of life, and what is of great im
portance, educate their children, to fit them for 1
the important duties which shall devolve upon
them as citizens of this great republic. The
benefits of the system are therefore mutual— 1
contributing to the stores of the wealthy and to ’
the comforts, happiness and prosperity of the 1
poor: ’
“The Factory was established in 1833, with 1000 t
spindles for making yarn, bat upto 1846 they were
Sradually increased, so that now they nearly double
jat number. 1680 spindles and 40 looms now run 1
daily, making yarn and cotton osnaburgs, andconsu- (
mi ng cotton equal in amount to a mill of 3 or 4000
spindles, according to calculations usually made at <
the North. t
The annual consumption of cotton is about 360,000
pounds. Last year over 1000 bales were consumed,
and during the past month 99 bales were worked up,
making 8.205 pounds yarn, and 47,953 yards osna- s
burgs. The osnaburgs weigh hall a pound to the yard,
and are well known in the Northern and Southern
markets, and we learn from one of the company that .
they always commanded a higher price than those
made at the North. The monthly expense of the es- ’
tablishment is something fess than S9OO. Must of ;
these figures were taken from the books of the com
pany and can be relied on as correct.
There are about 20 weavers employed, all whi.e I
females, each one attending to about 2 looms—one or }
iwo to more —and each receiving wages from sl2 to
sls per month—an amount far greater than they re- 1
alized before their connection with the factory, and 1
sufficient to secure the necessary comforts of life, and
create a small sinking fund if desired. For several
years past, blacks were the principal operatives, ex- j
cept in the department of weaving, but white opera
tives are more generally employed, because they are I
less difficult to procure. The blacks have been dis- [
charged except about 30, that belong to the company,
the white operatives number now 72 —male and fe
male. We are informed that the blacks, as operatives, <
can compare favorably with the whites, and under
some circumstances may Le preferred. We believe t
the company have never realized less than 10 perct. t
upon their capital, but they have constantly invested 5
the profits in additional improvements, so that the ‘
sum now invested is about double the original stock, t
The enterprising proprietors have not confined
their operations to making yarn and osnaburgf, but 1
use their immense water power to drive other ma
chinery.
A grist mill brings to the company 1000 bushels of |
corn in toll, and the mill to grind bark supplies an ex
tensive tannery at hand, where large quantities of
good leather arc prepared, in connection with the t
tannery, a shoe factory has been in operation for some t
years, where an excellent article of negro shoes,
pegged and sewed, is made, of which thousands are
sold annually, fur superior, we believe, to the North- c
ern made shoe sold al the same price. The workmen j
belong to the South, and use leather tanned at their
very door. It is truly gratifying to observe such un- I
inistakablc evidences of Southern enterprise, and the »
important duties taught the South by their success in
so many departments ofhuman labor. _ # 1
The factory village, where the o|>eratives reside, ]
is pleasant I v situated. One hundred and fifty-four
constitute the white population, and their neat cot
tages and thriving gardens present a handsome ap- •
penrance, indicative of comfort and contentment.
The moral and mental culture of these families re- <
ceive great attention. A daily school for their child- (
ren is kept throughout the week, and at 8 o’clock 1
every Sabbath morning members of the various :
churches in town meet them in Sunday school, which (
we are informed is well attended by old and young, <
and is in a highly prosperous condition.
—— t
Interesting Statistics.
Some months ago the Editors of the Record- i
er forwarded to each of the Tax Receivers of
the State, the form of a table for the ascertain
ment of the agricultural products of the State*
with other satisfies of value, from some of whom
they have received returns, which they have
published. We subjoin the reports of the Os- <
ficers of Futnani and Monroe Counties.
Aricultuhal Prodvcts ant> Stock of Putnam
County, for 1848. a
Bales of Co-'ton 12,453
i - - • 78.
Bushels of Wheat- • 12,931
»» “ Oats 37,726 t
“ “ Rye 587
u “ Burley 567
“ “ Sweet Potatoes .-•••63,310 I
“ “ Irish do •• -f 3,483
Pounds of Pork 1,714,361 ]
Horse colts raised 78
Mule «lo 59
Lambs raised 1,553
Beeves killed 722
Merchant Mills 5
Factories 1
W. A. HOUGHTON, Rec. T.C.
Monrob County.
No. of Merchant Mil's 9
do. Sheep .... 8,817
do. Mules raised 69
<le. Horses do. Ila
do. Beeves Slaughtered 657
Pounds of Pork 2,873,552
Bushels Irish Potatoes-•• 7,195
do. Sweet do. 137,750
do. Barley 475
do. Rye 967
do. Outs 72,842
do. Wheat 37,107
do. Corn 551,917
Bags Cotton 20,550
CAREY COX, Receiver.
If similar return* be made from every coun
ty in the State, they will constitute a fund of
the most valuable and interesting information,
to every class of citizen*. So valuable, indeed,
that the Legislature of Georgia should take the
subject under its consideration, and make it the
duty of the Receiver* of Tax Return*, in every
County, to collect such information annually.
During the Session of the former Legislature,
we called the attention of that body to the sub
ject and urged its consideration, but nothing
was done. Since then, the people are becoming
alive to the subject of improvements in agri
culture, the adoption of a wise State policy and
the importance of correct statistical informa
tion a* data upon which to base their action.
We trust, therefore, the next Legislature will
not neglect so important a measure, and we
shall lake occasion in the meantime to make
such suggestions as we deem necessary to the
accomplishment of the object.
Caught in his owm Snare. —The Georgian
copies the following extract from the Washing
ton Union :
“ We are infarmed that the heads of Department*
have had a lame numl»er of blanks printed tt> be u-ed
far notices to th.we clerks and other person* in office
whom they design to remove. We understand that it i*
the first lime in the history of our government when
printed notices have been required by the urgency ot
proscription and the number of victims destined for
butchery. It shows that the system of proscription
is premeditated and will be sweeping. If any of our
friends will furnish us with a specimen of these mo
dern "leltres de cachet,' 1 *o common during th*
reign of th* Bar tile in France, we will give it to our
reader*. When such preparation* are made for
wide and sweeping political butchery, how can the
mendacious minions of this corrupt Administration
have the hardihood to assert that removal* are made
far cause* other than political? How much more
manly and honorable it would be if they would come
out and frankly admit that they want the offices, and
therefore they remove their opponents.”
The Georgian says it is ” enabled to vouch”
for “ the correctness of the statements, that
blank notifications are now in use by at least
one of the Departments in Washington.” For
proof of this, reference is made to the letter de
cacAet received by one of the Editors upon his
late removal from the otfice of District Attor
ney. This would seem to settle the matter that
•’blank notification* are now in use.” The
only question now is, who first used them T
Who had them printed, and who did not ?
The Washington Republic answers the ques
tion in the following manner:
“The circular* to which the Union refers were
pit'l'ared in the Treasury Department, by order ot the
late Secretary. \Mr. Walker ) as I'ugagoas the 24<h
January. They were printed by hi* empfoyecs, *nd
delivcreil on the 6th of February. The whole mat
ter, then, it seems, was begun and competed by the
'.ad Administration. 7Se presen/ neud* of, Pc
parfmsisf* hare had nothing to do with them.
-We hope this will convince our contempora
ry.” savs the Krp«d4u*ax, ” that it ts rather un
safe to follow the lead ot the W ashington
Union. It will certainty betray those who take
the cue from it into the unpleasant dilemma ot
correcting mistake* or persisting m the error
however manifest- We hope the Georgian
will feel it necessary to adopt the former course
in the present instance. Whether office hold
ers are notified of their removal by a printed
or a written circular, caunot be a matter ol
any consequence to them or the country.
Men in their senses are not to be moved by
such arrant nonsense. The opposition may
talk till doomsday of the Bastiie. ot de
cachet, and of Nero; but they will find that
their hopes are delusions—
“ A painted ship
Upoe a psinttd ocean.’*
It is the stiag of the removal, and not the
maimer of it* notification which they object to
The information would be equally mortifying,
whether it was communicated in the shape of
a billet dour., or in some other way.
The Fourth.
Oun National Anniversary was celebrated
in this city on Wednesday with more spirit than
we have been accustomed to see exhibited for
some years past, for which we are in a great
measure indebted to the imposing array of the
Sons of Temperance, who turned dut in great
force. Our citizens generally also united most
cordially in the arrangements in honor of the
occasion, and the day passed off without the
occurrence of anything to mar the spirit
evinced.
At sunrise, a national salute, and the merry
peals of the bells, ushered in the day. At 9A.
M., the procession formed in front of Masonic
Hall, and after moving through some of the
principal streets, passed to the City Hall Park,
where the Throne of Grace was invoked by
the Rev. Mr. Hard; the Declaration of Inde
pendence was then read by John Hill, Esq.,
and a Temperance Oration delivered by the
Rev. I. L. Brooks. After the exercises, the
procession returned to the Masonic Hall, and
was dismissed.
The Hamburg Division of the Sons of Tem
perance, and the Graniteville Division, united
with the Augusta Division, whose guests they
were, and after the arrangements of the day
were complete and the procession dismissed,
the several societies, accompanied by many of
our citizens, proceeded to the Eagle and
Pheenix Hotel and partook of a sumptuous
dinner, prepared for the occasion. All passed
off with great hilarity, and kindly feeling, when
the Augusta Division escorted their guests to
the Bridge, and dispersed.
The day closed with the firing of a national
salute and ringing of the bells.
In the evening, a Ball took place at the Eagle
and Phoenix, where the beauty and gallantry
of the city assembled, and festivity reigned till
a late hour.
The day was remarkably cool and pleasant
throughout; and we will here remark that we
saw not a single case of intoxication during the
whole day. which speaks volumes in favor of
the influence of the Sons of Temperance.
Good Dividend—The Augusta Manufactur
ing Company have declared a dividend of $3
per share for the last three months, being at the
rate of 12 per cent, per annum.
The Mission to England.—The New York
Commercial Advertiser states, authoritatively,
that the Hon. Abbott Lawrence has accepted
the appointment of Minister of the United
States at the British Court, and that it is proba
ble he will not embark until after summer;
probably about the first of October.
Northeastern Boundary.—The boundary
line between the United States and Canada, ran
in accordance with the Ashburton treaty, cost
the labor of three hundred men eighteen
months. “ For three hundred miles a path was
cut through the forest thirty feet wide, and
cleared of all trees. Al the end of every mile
is a cast iron pillar painted white, square, four
feet out of the ground, seven inches square at
the bottom, and four at the top, with raised let
ters on its sides, naming the commissioners who
ran the line, and the dale.”
Railroads in New H ampshire.--The Gran
ite State is working boldly in the construction
of Railroads. No less than 22 lines, of the ag
gregate length 0f834 miles, are in progress;
and as the expenses of construction and equip
ment is estimated at $30,000 a mile, the total
cost will be $25,000,000 ; a pretty good round
sum for the citizens of New Hampshire to pay.
East Tennessee and Georgia Railroad. —
We .are gratified to learn from a reliable source,
says the Dalton Eagle of the 3rd inst, that the
whole ofthe work (with the exception of three
miles) between this place and Red Clay, has
been let to responsible and energetic contrac
tors, nearly all of whom have commenced
erations. Those who have not, are only de
tained from the work ingathering np hands
and tools. It is estimated htat about two hun
dred hands will be engaged on the work in the
conrse often or twelve oay». Mt. : PHicimrcr,
the Engineer in charge, seems to be an intelli
gent, energetic, and working man—wholly in
tent on building the Road.
It may not be amiss to remark (ami we have
it from good authority) that all services ren
dered, and work done on the Road, is paid for
in good Tennessee money.
Gen. Green is absent on theline somewhere
in Tennessee, but we understand will be here
in a few days.
Dr. Charles Jackson, of Boston, has re
ceived from the French Government the Cross
ofthe National Order of the Legion of Honor
in acknowledgement of his high scientific at
tainments, and for having made the discovery of
etherization, which is so beneficial to mankind.
Dr. Jackson has also received from the King of
Sweden a splendid gold medal, as a testimony
of the respect in which his character and scien
tific services are held by that monarch.
Charleston Cotton Manufacturing Com
pany.—The Directors of this Company have
declared a dividend of Fifteen Dollars per share
on all stock issued previous to the 10th of April
last, being 3 per cent, on the capital stock.
The London papers by the last packet an
nounce the arrival at Liverpool, on his way to
the United Sates, of the Hon. A. P. Bagby,
late Minister for the United States to Russia.
The German Emigrants—The Dalton Eagle
ofthe 3d inst. says: The party of Germans, of
which mention was made iu our columns a
week or two ago, are still here. Several lam
ilies have purchased property and gone to
work. The others are waiting and looking a
round for places to suit them, and it is thought
they will all settle in this place and vicinity.—
Last night another party, numbering about 60,
arrived by the cars, but we have not learned
whether they intend to join their countrymen
here, or whether they will go on to Tennessee.
As we write, (Saturday) our streets are alive
with these foreigners, some dressed in their
native costumes, wearing all manner oi 44 goa
tees” and “imperials;” conversing in their
native tongue, and smoking a variety ot as
grotesque looking pipes as ever crossed the
“ briny deep. ” Our town to-day presents the
appearance of a seaport, rather than a city in
the mountains.
Oyster War.—Some of the people of St
Mary’s Co., Md.. have made a descent upon
the oyster boats from other States which have
been depredating on the oyster beds in the Po
tomac. Several vessels were captured, and.
after hearing the case argued at length by the
respective counsel engaged, the magistrates
decide that the vessels were forfeited, and sen
tenced the offenders to pay a tine of $5 each.
The suspension bridge which is now in pro
gress of erection over the Ohio river at \\ heel
ing, tsto be 1000 feet in length, terminating
on the west at an island, which is about to be
laid out in building lots. When finished, this
bridge will be on?' of the largest structures ot
its kind iu the world. It is to be elevated about
eighty feet above the water, so as to enable the
largest steamboats to puss below, and sustained
on both sides of the stream by substantial stone
towers. It is built by a joint stock company,
and is d esigned to accommodate the immense
travel continually passing over the national
road.
Ths Chikch or Scotlssb. —The follow
ing statement, submitted to the General As-
I sembly of the Free Church of Scotland. at
1 their recent session, shows the progress of Col
lections for benevolent purposes, before and
since their separation from the Established
Church:
The whole Church Before the
1'34 2 schemes.-£3,551 1839. 5 schemes £14.353
- 1835'5 do. 4.12 S 1840.5 do. 16.15 b
1 1836 5 do. 7,941 1841,5 do. 17,588
1337,5 do. 10.070 1842,5 do. 20.191
’ 1838, 5 do. 13,800 ;
f Total for nine years beJbra disruption - - -- Ivc.TT S
The Tree Church alone— Since the
. ’43-4. 5 sebemesx’23.374 ■ 46-7. 5 schemes £43.3'27
’44-5. 5 do. 35.526 '47-8,5 do. 47,508
• '45-6,5 do. 43.310 I’4B 9,5 do. 49'214
Total for sis years since disruption£242,sl.
,- If the collections of the Free Church conti
! nue to advance a: this rate for three years more.
• that branch of the Presbyterian Church_ in
r Scotland will be raising annually about lour
times as much as the whole church raised an
nual!* for the same objects before the disrup
-8 tion.—-V. 1- tteserrer. _______
• Wiscossim Pi sue Laws.—lt is thought that
the laud sales the present year, in the Green
Bav and Mineral Districts, will nearly double
in amount those of last year, and that tn the
e Milwaukie District, there wiU be but little leit
. I alter the sales.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, JULY It. 1849.
Rowland s Springs, Ga.
July 2d, 1849.
Messrs. Editors Chronicle and Sentinel:
Gentlemen : Having spent two weeks very
pleasantly at this place, and having improved
very materially in health and spirits, I would
respectfully suggest to all persons in quest of
health and pleasure, to visit these Springs.—
The table is well provided with the good things
of this life: and the cabins are good and well
arranged for comfort and convenience.
The distance from Cartersville to this point
is six miles over a good road ; two horse hacks
running between the two places twice each
day, on the arrival of the up and down trains.
I believe this to be the most delightful place
in Georgia, of its character. Justin front of
the main building is a handsome Fountain es
water as “ pure as the dews of Hermon, ”
forcing its vfray up through a lady figure, sur
rounded by six swans, all of which seem to
contribute their utmost towards the gayety of
the happy little fish in the basin below.
The water is brought from a Mountain one
mile and a quarter from this place.
Yours.
Whig Meeting in Lincoln*
At a meeting of a respectable portion of the
Whigs of this County, held on Tuesday, 3rd
July, on motion of B. B. Moore, Aaron Hardy,
Esq. was elected President, and Henry J. Lang,
Esq. Secretary. B. B. Moore explained the
object of the meeting, viz: To take into consid
eration the propriety of conferring with the
Whigs of Wilkes, as to a candidate to repre
sent the two counties in the next Senate.
On motion of B. B. Moore, it was
Resolved, That we hereby invite the Whigs of
Wilkes county to meet the Whigs of this coun
ty in mass at Rehoboth, at such time as they
may appoint, for the purpose of selecting a
cund date for the State Senate, in this district.
Resolved, That the Whigs of Wilkes County
be requested to appoint the day of the meeting
at Rehoboth, and that they notify the Whigs
of Lincoln by advertisement in the Chronicle
and Sentinel, Republic and Washington Ga
zette.
On motion of C. R. Strother, it was
Resolved, That we recommend to the Whig
Party the propriety of holding a meeting, for
the purpose of nominating a candidate, to be
run for the lower house in the next General
Assembly.
Resolved, That wecordially invite the attend
ance of all the whigs of Lincoln county, ata
meeting to be held in Lincolnton on Friday,
10th August, for the above purpose.
Resolved, That we are in favor of a ballot
nomination, and a full expression of the feelings
of the party, and in the acquiescence of a mi
nority with the majority.
The resolutions were urged by C. R. Stro
ther and B. B. Moore, Esqrs. and opposed by
II J. Lang on the ground of inexpediency.
The resolutions were passed.
Resolved, That the Chronicle, Republic and
Gazette, be requested to publish the proceed
ings of this meeting.
The meeting then adjourned to Friday, 10th
instant. AARON HARDY, President.
Henry J. Lang, Secretary.
No Tidings of Sir John Franklin*
Letters have been received at Montreal from
the Hudson’s Bay Territory, byway of Saut
St. Marie, bringing inteliisence from Fort
Simpson of date the sth of October last. The
writer of a letter from that post says:
“ Eighteen men of the expedition arrived here yes
terday from Fort Confidence, sent to be kep*. during
winter. They went round from the mouth of the
McKenzie to the Coppermine, but no vestige or word
of Sir John Franklin, or any one else except Esqui
maux, whom they saw in large numbers. A very
large party of those daring rascals met the expedition
at the mouth of (lie McKenzie, and as on a farmer
occasion wanted to make a prize of the bouts and all
that was in them. »But nothing serious happened.
Sir Johu Richardson is to proceed to Canada as soon
as the McKenzie breaks up next spring. Rae is go
ing with one boat again to the coast.”
In a letter from Lady Franklin to Mr. Grat
tan, dated June 8, 1849, received in Boston
lately, she mentions that she has received an
additional means of search for her husband’s
lost expedition, by engaging, with her private
means, the English whaling ship “ Abraham,”
to explore particularly Smith’s Sounding.
She thinks it has a communication with Wel
lington Channel.
Slaves in California.—Gov. Boggs, late
of Missouri, writing from California to a friend
in the former State, says:
“ In connection, let me say, if your sons will
bring out two or three negroes, who can work
and attend at a hotel, your brother will pay cash
for them at a good profit, and take it as a great
favor.’,
A San Franciwso letter from h New Yorker
written in April, also says:
“ Good boys that a man could hire cheap are
wanted. A good negro would do well. If I
could buy a good slave. South, he would be a
good thing if 1 could keep him.”
Sneering at Gen. Taylor.—The opposi
sition press have adopted, systematically, a style
of scofiing, belittleing and contemptuous re
mark, when speaking of Gen. Taylor, which,
however it suits the tastes of those who indulge
it, will scarcely command the sympathies of the
American people. They allude to him as an im
becile, a cypher in the Cabinet, the tool of his
Secretaries.
This is much in the manner of these same
gentlemen when they heard he was surround
ed by a large Mexican army on the Rio Grande.
A number of noses which affect the air in com
placent mockery now, were then turned up
at his imbecility, his good-hearted, good-for
nothingness. his feebleness, his unskillfulness,
and such like watery cockneyisms, until the
thunders of Palo Aho were wafted upon the
wings ofthe press throughout the land. Do
they remember what effect the council of war,
held upon the battlefield of Palo Alto, had upon
him ? Against almost the unanimous opinion
of that board, the battle of Resaca de la Pahna
was fought next day. Whenlhese presses feel
like turning up their noses hereafter, let them
be advised by the history of the last war, lest
they be too much shocked when it thunders
next time. One of the most distinguished Gen
erals. except those who belong to the regular
army of the United States, the last administra
tion despatched to Mexico, might read them a
lecture on that point. We allude to Santa
Anna. He turned up his nose to the wind,
but he smelt something he did not expect to
find in it.— Republic.
The Georgian of Saturday complains that
the resolutions adopted by the late Whig con
venlion are not strong enough. It objects to
them upon the ground, that they do not sug
gest any “ policy” or propose " a measure of
resistance ’’ In our opinion the resolutions are
eminently proper. Doubtless they would not
have been objected to if they had been stronger,
or “tamer,” or anything else. The fact that they
were adopted by a Whig convention is enough
to insure their condemnation by the opposition.
But will the Georgian, ever ready to find fault
with others, tell us what policy it favors, and
what •* measure of resistance” it proposes?
Will it inform us what grounds it would have
the approaching Democratic Convention to
assume, and what kind of resolutions it would
recommend for the adoption of that conven
tion ? It has condemned the Whig delegates
for their “tame” resolve upon the Wilmot
Proviso. Will it say what manner of resolves,
whether adopted by a Whig or Democratic
Convention, would meet withits approbation?
Those who find fault with others tor doing too
little, should not keep the world in darkness 4
but avow what they would do themselves.
—Savannah Republican.
Dbrt or the Republic of Texas. —By a
law ot* the last Legislature oflhe Stale of Texas,
her liabilities, contracted when she vs as an in
dependent Republic, are required to be pre
sented to the Auditor and Comptroller of the
State on or before the Ist of November next,
and those otiicers are authorized to classify and
scale the various evidences of debt, according
to their values in par funds at the time they
were issued.
We are indebted to Mr. J. D. Dos well for
the following classification of the claims by the
Auditor and Comptroller:
Personal claims for service* renderedpar.
Star money, issuod in 1837 per.
Consolidated fund7oc. on the dollar.
Interest notes.soc. on the dollar.
10 per cent. t»ond«. funded.3oc. on the dollar.
9 per cent, bonds, funded3oc. on the dollar.
Promissory notes (Redbacks).-.. -25 c. on the dollar.
8 per cent. Treasury bondsVOc. on the dollar.
Interest to be allowed I'D interest notes up to 1941.
Du. do. on Consolidated fund to Sept. ] 849.
Do. do. on bends to the last payment of )
interest felling due in 1849. \
This decision is. moreover, subject to the
further action of the Legislature.— Picayune,
30tA ult.
Wreck. —We learn from the Charleston
Courier that the Osprsy fell in with, on the 30th
June, at 6 o'clock. A. M . Cape Hatteras bear
ing N. N. W . distance ten miles, the wreck of
the brig Sminaw, of New York, 11 days out.
bound to Jacksonville. (E. F.)and was detain
ed five hours in taking off the surviving otfi
cers and crew, consisting oflhe following in
dividuals: Capt. Morgan Gunderson: Mate.
Jas. W. Robotham; Chas. Wells, Henry
Smith, and Jeremiah Baines, seamen. The
steward and one seaman were lost; their
names could not be ascertained. The brig
was full of water, deck house washed off. lying
on her beam ends and crew clinging to the rig
ging.
Another.—“ On Saturday, 30th June, just
outside of Hatteras Shoals, the Falcon passed
the wreck oflhe hermaphrodite brig Gwpwa.
of Boston. When fallen in with, the brig was
waterlogged and deserted, mainmast gone by
the board, foremast just above the eyes of the
rigging. boh anchors in the bows and no boats.
To all appearance she had not long been in this
situation, and the Captain thinks was thrown
over m the squall on the night of the 29th June,
and was righted full of water by culling away
the mainmast; the foremast was doubtless car-
Ined away, and the crew, if not lost, reached
shore near Hatteras that morning.”
August fl, ©co :
SATURDAY MORNING, JULY 7, 1849.
State Road.—Tunnel Mountain.
There is no State work in the country of
• which its citizens have more reason to be proud
than the people of Geotgia have of their Iron
Way from Atlanta to the Tennessee river, a
distance of 138 miles. The shortness of this
connecting link between the Atlantic ports of
Savannah and Charleston, and the navigable
waters that flow into the Mississippi, gives it an
unrivalled value in a commercial and fiscal
point of view. It is truly a magnificent work,
considering the forbidding topography of the
• region through which it passes, and that it reach-
• es the valley of the great Northwest by gra
dients which at no point exceed thirty-three
feet in a mile. We have recently passed over
this road on a flying visit to the Cherokee
• country, with a view to learn from personal
observation something of the resources of
Georgia in that part of the State. Os the
character of the soil and its capabilities, we
shall speak in another article; at present we
have a few remarks to offer in reference to
the Tunnel and the condition of the road be
yond and on this side of it.
There is grandeur and true nobility in the
mind which conceived the idea and accom
plished the task of driving a locomotive
through the base of a mountain. The achieve
ment marks an epoch in the history of our
race which wiil be referred to with pt.de and
gratulation, so long as man shall exist on this
planet. We should violate our own sense of
duty did we omitto commend in strong terms,
the indomitable energy and perseverance as
well as great skill with which Messrs. Grey &
Riddle, Contractors, are boring into the
mountain, in spite of the repeated strikes of
hands and professional miners, (not easily to be
replaced,) the caving in of rocks, the constant
dropping of water, and strata so tilted and
of such a consistency as to be the most difficult
to blast. All these and many more impedi
ments will be surmounted, and the commerce
of the great agricultural Stale of Tennessee
and not a little of that of the upper Valley of
the Mississippi, will soon pass under Tunnel
Mountain, and begin to pay millions of tribute
to Georgia enterprise and Georgia statesman
ship. Between the Tunnel and Chattanooga
there are eleven considerable bridges, seven of
which are framed and ready to raise, and four
in a state of forwardness. Only seven miles
of the road require to have the wood work
placed upon it, which is ready. A dozen learns
are hauling railroad iron over the mountain,
and it will soon rest on the timber prepared to
receive it. This done, a locomotive will be
hauled by teams over the mountain, and run
from the west aperture of the Tunnel to the
Tennessee river. By the first of November
the common highway travel between Knoxville
and Augusta will not exceed half a mile. IFe
can steam Jive hundred miles from this city into
about as fine a farming country as can be found
on the continent, in the course of four months
from this time.
By going down instead of up the Tennessee e
river, land travel from Chattanooga to St. Lou- J
is, Chicago, Buffalo and Montreal, is ouly en
countered at Muscle Shoals in North Ala- j
bama. The completion of the rail road to r
Nashville will command for our benefit the J
trade of the Cumberland river, and s
make it but a step to Illinois and Missouri. t
It is due to Mr. Mitchell, who fills the re
sponsible office of Commissioner of Public 1
Works, although by a Legislative misnomer t
his office is called “Chief-Engineer,” to say t
that no public servant ever discharged his ofli- 1
cial duties more faithfully. Every citizen of '
the State should feel a deep interest in its Rail- .
roads, its credit, its institutions of learning, ,
and in the faithful administration of every de- I
part me nt of its government. It has never been
our practice knowingly to withhold com men
dation from apolitical opponent, whether hold- ;
ing a high or low office, when we had reason i
to believe that he deserved credit. Integrity, ’
knowledge and close attention to official duties
are alike important to the public in Whigs and i
in Democrats.
.There is a plain. moduM, Jen ,
tli'Uimi ntTunnell Mountain, to whom (WttTgia .
owes much. We allude to Mr. Moss, thepro- i
fossional Engineer. Civil Engineering is a 1
most important science ; and few are aware (
how many millions have been lost or saved as |
the engineer was skillful or unskillful in his <
business. He locates the road ; and very much J
depends on selecting the bast possible route
of which the country admits. <
The excavation through the mountain, and I
the arches ofthe Tunnell will reflect credit on
the practical Engineer, who planned and di
rected the work. The distance through is 1,475 I
feel. About 450 feet remain to be cut. As 1
many men as can work to any advantage are 1
kept constantly in the mines night and day. It
is idle to speculate how long it will take them
to meet by cutting away and removing the bar- (
rier that separates them. So soon as the task *
can be done, it will be. whether in three or stx
months. Apparently, the Tunnell will endure
for indefinite ages, without damage or repairs—
a noble monument of its builders, of the public
spirit of this generation of Georgians. A good
public house is much needed on the summit
of Tunnell Mountain. Any competent man
can make a fortune by the enterprise.
_____________ •
A Poor Circulating Medium-
A friend has handed us what appears to be a
Bank Note, the reading of which is as follows:
“ ashington,May 1, 1849.
THE GREATEST GOOD TO THE GREATEST NUMBER.
Si s f
The Exchange Bank, Washington Citv. D. C., will
pay .to B. E. Green, or bearer, ONE DOLLAR,
for value received, in Virginia money, when five dol
lars are presented.
No. 91 B. W. Latham, Pres’t.”
The above dubious promise to pay "Virgi
nia money” on a contingency, is said to be a
sample of the paper currency furnished the
public in the northern part of this State by
Gen. Dvff Green, who talks about construct
ing a Railroad from Dalton to Knoxville or
some other point in Tennessee. We can dis
cover no possible good, but much harm which
the community will receive, by countenancing
the circulation of bills as money, issued by any
real or quasi bank in Washington, which has not
substance enough to promise to pay its notes
in gold and silver—the legal currency of the
United States.
Immigrants,
The New York Tribune says that three
thousand five hundred immigrants arrived at
that port on the 2d inst. The packet ship Con
stellation brought 900, which is the largest cargo
of the kind ever arrived there .
We learn that some ofthe Germans located
on the Cumberland Mountains. Tennessee, are
leaving them for more desirable locations.
The Cherokee country in this State offers su
perior advantages.
The Maw of One Idea. —The Little Rock
Arkansas Democrat, the leading organ ofthe
party in that State in an article commenting
and disapproving in decided terras of.the ill-ad
vised and very indiscreet letter ot Mr. Calhoun
to the Memphis Committee, makes the follow
ing pertinent remarks:
•‘We are somewhat inclined to the belief
that in the South, as well as in the North, there
mav be some politicians who are obnoxious to
the charge of agitating questions with other
views than the purest patriotism: or who from
constant brooding wver some favorite theories
or Io ig cherished notions, may at length be
come so fully convinced of their consequence
as to look upon every other project as of se
-1 condary importance to the welfare of the bant
-1 lings which their prolonged incuoation have
produced.
A Mournful Fact.—Gen. Pierce, of New
• Hampshire, in his reply to the complimentary
speech made to him, o« the occasion of being
presented with a sword by the Legislature,
stated the following remarkable fact:
- “On the 21st of Jane. 1847, about this time
r in the afternoon, the * North Bend, with the
I first detachment of the 9th infantry, made the
* harbor of Vera Cruz. The other transports
■ followed in quick succession. It is a melan
choly, but not a humiliating recollection, that
I of those sir hundred and forty men, less probably
i than one hundred and fifty ever re-crossed the
ocean. ”
J The Telegraph.—The following gentle
e men have been elected officers of the W. and
N. O. Telegraph Company: President, Elam
~ Alexander, of Macon. Ga.: Treasurer. Amos
. Kendall, of Washington ; Secretary. Henry
‘ L. Jewett. Macon, Ga.
j f-yTHE amount of Treasury Notes out
standing on the Ist instant, was $4,025,789 31
The Macon Manufacturing Company.—
We are pleased to announce, says the Journal
Messenger, of the 4th inst., “the complete
organization of this Company, which took
place on Wednesday last. The meeting ol
stockholders was very fully attended, and the
proceedings were characterized with the great
est unanimity and good feeling. The Report
of Mr. Holcombe, in regard to the practicabil
ity of using water power was presented, from
which it appeared that he had made a thorough
survey of the river, as high as Wimbnsh’s Fish
ery, four and a half miles above the city ; that
he had gauged the river, and ascertained the
quantity of water at the lowest stage, to be
equal to 352 horse power, or sufficient to drive
four Factories of 5000 spindles each.
The ground was found to be lavorable and
the construction of the canal entirely practica
ble. hut at a cost of 125,732.33. This estimate
having placed the construction ofthe canal en
tirely beoond the means of the present Com
pany, it was unanimously resolved that steam
power should be employed. The By-Laws
were then reported by the Committee, and af
ter undergoing some slight amendments, were
adopted. The capital stock was limited to
$100,009 in shares of SIOO each. Os this
amount, $97,000 were ascertained to have
been taken, and we have no doubt that in case
the Board should think it advisable to recom
mend an increase of the Capital, at any time
there will be no difficulty in securing subscrip
tions to theamount of 150,000, or even $200,-
000.
That this Company is destined to succeed,we
have not a doubt. In the first place its stock
holders are among the most substantial, relia
ble business men in Macon. That they have
gone into this enterprise with a determination
♦« make it profitable, is apparent, fro mt he fact
that they have placed the following gentlemen
at the head of it, viz:
President.— John J. Gresham.
Directors.— Win. B. Johnston, Nathan C.
Munroe, Thaddeus G. Holt, Hiram B. Trout
man.
These are all good men and true —men of
means—men of character—men of prudence,
sagacity, and business experience. Under their
guidance we feel confident that the Macon Fac
tory will be a model establishment, and that its
affairs will be managed with a degree of ability
and intelligence which cannot fail to ensure
success.
From Liberia*
The following extract ofa letter from Gov.
Roberts to the editor of the New York Com
mercial Advertiser, will be read with interest:
Monrovia, April 30.
“I am happy to be able to inform you that
we have succeeded in extirpating the slave
factories at New Cestors and Tradetown, and
in removing from those territories the slavers
that were established there; thus at length re
moving from our coast those traffickers in hu
man flesh and establishing legitimate com
merce. It has, however, been effected at con
siderable expense to the government —not of
life, for God was with us. The extensive pre
parations made by the slavers to repel our
troops constrained us, on our part, to employ a
much larger force than we had contemplated,
thereby increasing the cost of the expedition
nearly two fold beyond what was anticipated.
Bin the cause of justice and humanity ad
mitted of no more delay, and it was important,
too, that we should avail ourselves of the facili
ties which then offered, in the use of armed
vessels to convey our troops and cover our
landing. VV«, therefore, continued to under
take the expedition and leave the result in the
hands of God, who, I have no doubt, will open
away for us, so that we shall be able to meet
the expenses thus incurred. I feel that we will
incline the hearts of friends in America and
elsewhere to aid us. Will you not assist us in
this respect? Will you not lay our case be
fore the American public?
I agree with you that no time should be lost
in purchasing Grand Cape Mount and Galli
nas even ala large price. For the purpose of
securing the country I visited Cape Mount a
few days ago, but found the people in such a
state of excitement, in consequence of the war,
that nothing could be effected,
I nevertheless found means to communicate
the object of my visitto Prince Cane and four
or five other chiefs, all of whom expressed
themselves favorably disposed toward us,
and anxious that the Liberians should settle
among them. 1 found there some foreign
influence to contend against, in consequence
of which the chiefs declined giving me then
a definite answer with regard to the sale of the
country, but they agreed to let me know in a
few days their determination.
1 did not extend my visit to the Gallinas, as
I learned at Cape Mount that several of the
principal chiefs of that place (Gallinas) were
absent. 1 shall, however, visit Cape Mount
and Gallinas in a few days, and have but little
fear of not being able to secure those territories
if the money can be raised to pay for them.
The $3,000 you mention, from some be
nevolent gentleman in Ohio, added to other
sums I expect to receive, for that purpose,
will enable us to make the purchase and effec
tually abolish Uitt bittve-traae frolil the whole
line ofcoast lying between Sierra Leone and
Cape Palmas—which the Liberians are deter
mined to do, God assisting them.
The English have again destroyed the slave
factories at Gallinas and have established a
blockade ofthe territory. The blockade, how
ever, extends only fourteen miles along the
coast, which is not sufficient to exclude all in
tercourse.
1 learned at Cape Mount, that the slavers at
Gallinas are rebuilding their establishments;
but it is to be presumed that their operations
will be limited so long as the blockade .contin
ues.
Dr, Lagenbeel, who takes passage in the Li
beria Packet for the United Slates, can give yon
the particulars respecting the great mortality
among the imigranls landed al Rosa.
The Argument in a Nut-Shell.—To the
Locofoco mourners who rend the air with
their lamentations because Gen. Taylor be
stows a portion of the patronage of the Go
vernment upon the Whigs, the Lynchburg
submits the folioicing plain statement
of facts:
“ When this administration came into pow
er there was not a whig in the thirty foreign
missions maintained by the United States ; not
a whig tilling the office of Marshal, District '
Attorney, Collector, Naval Officer, Inspector,
Receiver of Public Moneys, Register, &c.; not 1
a whig filling a Post Office, the emoluments of
which were worthy the attention of a democrat
ic partisan, certainly not filling an .office of the
class which requires the incumbent to pass '
the ordeal ofthe Senate. At Washington, two
Auditors whose adult lives have been spent in
office, and whose knowledge of the peculiar
duties of their bureaus rendered their retention
desirable, have been successively spared by
Jackson. Van Buren and Polk, as monuments
ofdemocratic liberality, though, in fact, con
stituting, under the circumstances, exceptions
which go to prove that proscription is the rule.
A few subordinate clerks, useful in their re
spective sphere, and maliciously called whigs
by those who wished to get their places, escap
ed also the hurricane. The last and least of
Democratic Presidents turned out every whig
he could, and his worst enemies, among his
own party, cannot accuse him of ever appoint
ing one to an office which a democrat could be
found to fill. Speaking generally, we may
say, with truth, that all the offices ofthe coun
try were considered as beyond the reach of
thew'higs. as much so as if they were con
stitutionally ineligible. A whig would have
stood a better chance of receiving an Execu
tive appointment at the hands of the Emperor
of Russia or the Grand Sultan than at the hands
of James K Polk, the President of the demo
cratic party.”
In its fury the Washington Union has accused
Gen. Taylor of having made soldiers, who
fought in'the battles of the country, especial
objects of proscription.
"Even those who stood by him on the Rio
Grande,” exclaims the Union, -and served with
Scott in the valley of Mexico, may plead their
services in vain. They made him what he is.
They won the victory, but the spoils ofvictory
are not for them; for their leader is demon
strating, with bitter irony,..that services on the
battlefield are no qualification.”
Was not Col. Alexander McClung sent
Charge to Bolivia, one of the heroes of Mon
terey wbo were cut down in storming the ene
my’s batteries? Did not Colonel Mitchell,
appointed Marshall of Minesota. receive a dan
gerous wound before the Black fort of Monte
rey? Did not Major Crittenden receive hon
orable mention for his services at Buena Vista’
Was not Col. Peyton, Minister to Chili, ap
plauded bv Gen. Worth for his gallantry at the
taking of the Bishop’s palace? Did not Cole.
Pavneand Calhoun serve faithfully and gal
lantly in Mexico? And was not Capt. Bell,
who lost an arm within sight of General Taylor,
appointed Indian agent in Arkansas, Cass and
Butler Deinocratthough he is? These are in
stances which now occur to us? There are
doubtless others, butthese are enough to show
that the Union s rage is blind.— Washington
Republic.
Lead Mixes in Missouri.—-Several valua
ble lead mines have recently been discovered
in Newton co. Mo. about ten miles from Grand
Falls. The St. Louis Republican says—
One of the leads has been worked three or
four months, by four hands, and they have ta
ken out about 15,000 pounds of ore ; and have
since struck a lead which is about four feet
thick one wav—its extent the other way had not
been ascertained. One of the men engaged
in this mine, and who has been twelve years
engaged in the Galena mines, says that he nev
er saw a better prospect in that country.
Another lead has been struck by a farmer
about three miles distant from the one just
mentioned, which is represented as very large
and valuable. Stone coal is found in the
neighborhood.
Mammoth Black Fish.—Mr. Kennedy, of
the Washington Hotel has a black-fish, weigh
ing oxer three hundred and fifty pounds. It
measures three and a halt inches in length, and
six feet nine and three quarter inches round
the body ! It was taken in a seine, at Biloxi,
a day or two.since. What chowder and soup,
stew’s and steaks and caur bouillon will it not
furnish!—A’. O. Pic.
Official.
A Recommendation by the President of
the United States.—At a season when the
Providence of God has manifested itself in the
visitation of a fearful pestilence which is
spreading its ravages throughout the land, it is
fitting that a People whose reliance has ever
been in His protection should humble them
selves before His throne, and, while acknow
ledging past trangressions, ask a continuance
ofthe Divine Mercy.
It is therefore earnestly recommended, that
the first Friday in August bo observed through
out the United States as a day of fasting, hu
miliation and prayer. All business will be sus
pended in the various branches of the public
service on that day; and it is recommended to
persons of all religious denominations to ab
stain, as far as practicable, from secular occu
pation, and to assemble in their respective
places of Public Worship, to acknowledge the
infinite goodness which has watched over our
existence as a nation and so long crowned us
with manifold blessings, and to implore the
Almighty, in His own good time, to stay the
destroying hand which is now lifted up against
us. Z. TAYLOR.
Washington, July 3, 1849.
From the Marietta Advocate.
State Temperance Convention,
The State Temperance Convention held
its annual session in this place on Wednesday,
and Thursday last, the 27th and 28th of June.
A large number of delegates were present from
various parts of the State, and some from S.
Carolina. The proceedings of the Conven
tion will be published as usual. The various
exercises during the continuance of the con
vention were generally deeply interesting.
Addresses on the subject of Temperance,
were given by Dr. Means, of Emory College,
D. C. Campbell, of Milledgeville, wl. Gresh
am of Carolina, Rev. D. P. Jones, State
Temperance Lecturer, Messrs. Allen, Hill,
Richards, Lester, and others. On Thursday
the procession formed on the Court House
Square, under the direction of Mr. Lallerstedt
acting Marshal, Gen. A. J. Hansell, previous
ly appointed, being prevented from attending
by illness in his family. The long array of
Sons of Temperance, members of Tempe
rance Societies, Cadets, Cold Water Army
and Daughters of Temperance, presented a
spectacle peculiarly animating to the friends of
the cause, as the multitude in double file, and
to the sound of music, wound through our
streets and proceeded to the stand of the
speakers. The Annual Address was then de
livered by A. S. Wingfield, Esq., of Madison.
This able production, prepared with care by a
man of talent, was received with the highest
marks of favor and approval. The speeches
of the youthful soldiers in the cause of Tempe
rance which followed gave zest to the enter
tainments of the day. Judge Lumpkin, res
ponded to the young orators in his most hap
py manner Music from the Penfield band,
and the Odes sung by the choir filled up the in
tervals in the exercises. The choir received
merited compliments both to themselves and to
the gentleman under whose superintendance
the Odes had been selected and prepared. All
the proceedings on the occasion were calcula
ted to advance the cause of Temperance.—
There was no incident that seemed to give
more satisfaction than the positive contradic
tion, by the President of the Convention, to
statements that had been circulated by the press
in regard to the proceedings of the National
Division. The general feeling was decidedly
in favor of keeping the Temperance move
ment entirely aloof from all other questions,
and all other organizations, political and reli
gious.
Atlanta was agreed upon as the place of the
next annual Convention, to take place on the
23d of July, 1850. If a called meeting should
be deemed advisable, in the event of a visit
from Father Mathew to our State, it was a
greed that such meeting should take place at
Augusta.
Commerce on the Lakes*
Col. Webb, in a letter from Detroit to the
New York Courier &. Enquirer, gives the fol
lowing interesting particulars:
“When, in 1819,1 took passage at Buffalo,
on the 14th of November, for this isolated port,
I was nineteen days in reaching there in a
schooner of about sixty-five tons! I have
since made five passages across the Atlantic in
less time. Then there were only three schoo
ners on the lakes, and one steamboat, the Walk
in lhe- Waler, which was lying high and dry on
the sands at Buffalo, where the winds and
waves had cast her in October, 1819. The en
tire trade of the Lakes at that day consisted of
the transportation of stores to our garrisons at
Chicago, Green Bay, Mackinaw, and this port,
and the conveyance ofthe peltries and furs of
the West, and of the Hudson’s Bay and Ame
rican Fur Companies, to Buffalo; and three
American schooners and one hermaphrodite
brig, owned in Canada, sufficed for this pur
pose. Does the reader wish to contrast the
present commerce of the Lakes with what it
then was, let him take the Erie railroad to Os
wego through the most beautiful country in the
world, and thence by railroad and steamboat
to Buffalo, and judge for himself. I have no
data by which to judge ofthe number ofsteam-
Luat.? atit' ra'.l vessels- now in »h« rom-
merce of the Lakes : but on Saturday morning
last, when we came out of the harbor of Buf
falo. I counted four steamers and forty-one sail
vessels in sight, This fact, taken in connec
tion with the astounding one, that frequently
the arrivals ofa single day at the port of Buf
falo exceed the arrivals at New York, will en
able the reader io form some idea of the extent
and importance of the commerce ofthe Lakes.
I was told the number of arrivals at Buffalo on
the 4th instant, but dare not trust my memory
to repeat it. Suffice it to say, tl at the value of
the produce which arrived from the West on
that day was within a fraction of one million of
dollars
.. I
A One Wheeled Carriage.— The Horses in- (
side.—A new and novel invention called a one
wheeled carriage has recently been tried with £
success, and promises to be of much value, i
especially upon prairies, or wherever the stir- -
face of the ground is tolerably level. The (
vehicle consists of a large wooden wheel, four
teen feet in diameter, and six feet wide. The (
horses are placed inside, and propel it in the i
same manner that a caged squirrel makes his t
wheel to revolve. Slats are nailed on the inside
floor ot the wheel, by which the horses obtain
foothold. In the centre is a small iron shaft, 1
from which depend hangers which support t
four comfortable sofas for the passengers, over- (
the wheel, the seats remaining in perfectequili
briiim. The arrangement for guiding the car- 1
riage is very effective: it can make a much 1
shorter turn than a stage coach.
A very successful trial of one of these car
riages was recently made on the State road be
tween Cana! Dover and New Philadelphia, :
Tuscarawas county, Ohio, which perfectly
demonstrated their utility in transporting very
heavy loads with ease and rapidity. The carriage (
was filled by a party of twenty-four ladies and
gentlemen, with two heavy draught horses
previously trained to propel them. The dis
tance between the two places, five miles, was
performed in 28 minutes on the first trip, and
25 minutes on the second The horses are
confined by harness, and as they travel, as it
were, on an endless plank road, their work is
comparatively easy.— Cincinnati Times.
The New York Express says that an Associ
ation of gentlemen ot thatcity are about to
open a new route to the Pacific, having pro
cured a grant of the right of way from the At
lantic to the Pacific oceans, through Nicaragua.
The grant gives exclusive ptiviliges for forty
years.
It is the intention of the association, among
whom are some large capitalists, at once to es
tablish a route for passengers and freight from
one ocean to the other, by the river San Juan,
Lake Nicaragua. &c. A steamboat is at once
to be sent down to navigate the San Juan river
and Lake Nicaragua to Granada, and from
thence to Realijo a line of coaches and wagons
is to be put on. The road between these two
points is good, and the distance from eighty to
ninety miles. This route possesses great ad
vantages in two particulars: first, in having
two good harbors the one at San Juan de Ni
caragua, and the other at Realijo, each capable
of admitting ships of any size ; second, the dis
tance to California is shortened about one
thousand miles.
The Express says that the undertaking is to
be commenced immediately, and that at the
head of the enterprize is the Steamboat Com
modore and capitalist Cornelius Vanderbilt,
From Hayti—Scarcity of Food. —The
brig Susan Currier. Captain Parker, arrived at
this port yesterday afternoon from Miragoane.
6th inst. All was quiet when Capt. Parker
left. The Haytien Government were taking
measures to recruit their naval force, with
which it was said another attack was to be made
upon the Dominicans.
The greatest distress pervaded all classess on
account of the scarcity of provisions. There
was not a barrel of flour or bread to be had in
the whole place, and the crop of plantain*, po
tatoes, tec. having been cut offby drought, the
inhabitants were in a most deplorable condition.
Ail the flour that arrived was taken by the Go
vernment and sent on board rhe Government
vessels Captain Parker was told by an aged
man that he knew of several aged persons who
had died from starvation. A portion of a car
go of flour, which arrived a short time pre
vious to Captain Parker’s arrival out, was ta
ken possession of by the inhabitants and ap
propriated to their own use, to keep them from
starving: they, however, offered to pay any
sum demanded for it.— Boston Journal.
Caxada —The Montreal Herald of Wed
nesdav reiterates its threat of disunion with
Great’ Britain, in the event of a sanction by
the British Parliament of the policy of Lord
Elgin. At least, the only inferenceto be drawn
from its language, is. that il the Imperial Par
liament sustains the existing Ministry in its now
avowed determination to allow the ‘ Rebel
Indemnity Act,” the Province of Canada will
submit to'the “friendly embraces of the neigh
boring republic.”—A’. Y. Jour. Com.
The Sultan of Turkey is progressing in the
scheme of improvement that he has adopted.
He has planned a system of railroads, under
taken a system of primary instruction, and is
i encouraging also the cultivation of the Turk
ish language and literature by every means,
I and especially by offering prizes for the best
translations of the standard works in ancient
and modern literature.
VOL.LXIII—NEW SERIES VOL. XIII-NO. 28.
2Vngitstfl, ©fl.:
MONDAY MORNING, JOLY 9, 1849.
Farming in Cherokee*
We have not a sufficient acquaintance with
the Cherokee country to pretend to give a full
or satisfactory account of its farming operations;
or of its agricultural capabilities. All that we
shall attempt is, a brief expression of our
views based on the little which we have seen.
In ascending the railroad northwest of At
lanta, we soon pass off the granitic soil of
that vicinity and strike one derived mostly from
gneiss and micaceous slate. This continues to
Etowah river with variable degrees of fertility,
generally improving, as one ascends geologi
cally. though not always topographically. On
crossing the Etowah, we strike a new forma
tionand a richer earth—one that is a true corn
but not a first rate wheat soil. This continues
up the Oothcaloga valley, through Cass and
Murray counties quite to the Tennessee river.
The whole Cherokee region on this side of
Tunnel Mountain is geologically too low to
admit of a due admixture of lime in the soil by
the abrasion of surface rocks, and the com
mingling of this valuable mineral with the loose
sand,clay, iron and mould which constitute soil.
There is no lack of limestone in ledges and ex
posed strata, but all the earthy deposits above
these strata were formed by the wearing down
of sand and slate rocks, not limestone. It is a
noticeable fact that, the best ujjjand corn soils
in Georgia rest on a geological formation
identical in character and chemical composition
with the best corn lands above the river bot
toms in New York and Massachusetts. Messrs.
Emmons and Hitchcock have given elaborate
descriptions and analyses of the equivalents of
our Cherokee rocks and soils. R. Peters,
Esq., has had samples of his Oothcaloga up
land soil analyzed. It contains but one fifth of
one per cent, of lime. Regarding this as one
ofthe best upland farms in the State, and as it
contains no earthy substance except what old
ocean left upon it, some notice of its capabili
ties may not be uninteresting to our readers.
This farm consists of 640 acres, presenting a
gently undulating surface ; its soil has a deep
chocolate color, and is light and friable. 100
acres were sown in wheat last fall, which turn
ed out nearly a total failure, by reason of the
late frost in April. There are over 100 acres
in corn, most of which promises a yield of 50
bushels per acre without manure or fertilizers
of any kind. The ground was plowed only
once, and then a foot in depth by Nourse, Rug
gles & Mason’s largest turning plows. By
burying all grass and weeds very deep, the
corn is easily kept clean, and the after culture
rendered light.
Mr. Peters has tried experiments with gyp
sum, lime and ashes on his corn, with what
benefit the harvesting of the crop will show.
On 28 acres ofwhept, 15 lbs of clover seed per
acre was sown last February, and on 14 of
which a bushel of gypsum (plaster of Paris)
per acre was sown. The plastered half of the
field is covered with a fine growth of clover
now in blossom; the 14 acres not plastered
contain scarcely a stem of this plant. Aside
from the gypsum, the soil and treatment were
alike. This clover field greatly rejoices a herd
of thrifty hogs. Os this race of animals, Mr. P.
has pure blood Suffolk, Essex, Lincolnshire, and
Pennsylvania Chester. Some of these are su
perb animals. His sheep average about seven
pounds of wool per fleece. They are imported
Southdowns, and Cotswolds. As
Mr. P. resides 80 miles from his farm, and his
overseer has had no experience in sheep hus
bandry, his small flock, like most others that
we have seen at the South, have got the dis
temper from sheer neglect. The proper care
of sheep is a branch of rural industry still to
be learned by most planters and farmers in this
quarter of the Union.
Mr. P. has beautiful imported Devons of
both sexes ; a very ordinary pure blood Ay re
shire Bull, and a few choice improved native
Cows. The best of this stock is kept at At
lanta. 9
By sowing a bushel of millet to the acre, in
place of a peck, a five acre field of this grain
has come to nothing. The day we were on
the farm, a 12 acre field of splendid imperial
oats, (the heavy Scotch, weighing 40 lbs. per
bushel) was harvesed. They were considera
bly lodged, the straw being soft and defective.
We have uniformly noticed a defect in both
oat and wheatstraw at the South. The probable
cause of this and the remedy, we will point
out at another time.
Timothy, red-top and blue-grass flourish in
the Cherokee country with little attention; and
it abounds in nutritious native grasses. It is
the only region at the South in which we have
found decent cattle living on the bounties of
nature; nor is there any difficulty in making it
one of the most prosperous dairy and wool
growing sections in the United Slates. The
mean temperature of the earth, of its spring
and well water, is as warm as it can be for the
economical manufacture of choice butter and
cheese and the luxuriant growth of the culti
vated grasses. What this maximum tempera
ture is, and its relation to the dairy business
we will before long explain. It is entirely
practical and can be made more profitable,
to export as many pounds of Cheese as of
Cotton from Georgia. There is neither wit
nor common sense in permitting some twenty
millions of acres of the finest grazing lands in
America to remain half a century unimproved,
yielding not a dollar to the State nor to its citi
zens. Skilful wool-growing and stock-raising
will enrich rather than impoverish the soil.
Judge King lias a tract of excellent land in
Oothcaloga valley,as have Mr. William Long
street and some others, which we examined
for the purpose of comment, but find our arti
cle quite long enough already.
Deposits of Sulphur in a Thunder Showbr.—
Mr. R. C. Southwick, of Poughkeepsie, noticing the
recent statement that a yellow substance resembling
sulphur was found after a recent thunder storm in
Maine on the surface of vessels of the rain water,
writes to the Tribune that he discovered a similar
phenomenon in that place, after a shower on the 24th
tilt. This phenomenon has been often noticed in
anthracite coal and gypsum localities, which are im
pregnated with sulphur. In a certain temperature
the sulphur becomes volatilized and floats in the at
mosphere, and hence the deposit. At least such is
one theory.— Newark Advertiser.
Sulphur is constantly rising into the atmos
phere, in a gaseous form in combination with
hydrogen, from decaying substances on the
surface of the earth. The decomposition of
this volatile compound by electricity precipi
tates the sulphur which often falls with rain and
appears on the water. When mineral coal,
pyrites, or sulphur is burnt, sulphurous acid
gas is formed and discharged into the air.
There are numerous springs which give off
this gas. Sulphur plaja a more important part
in the mineral, vegetable and animal king
doms, than it has credit for.
W. E. Jackson, Esq. was on Saturday elected
President of the Iron Steam Boat Company,
to fill the vacancy occasioned by the death of
Amory Sibley, Esq.
The Free soil Committee at Albany, N. Y.‘
have accepted the proposition to hold a State
Convention, representing the Democratic and
Free Soil parties, to meet at Rome, N. Y. on
the 15th of August, to devise and adopt mea
sures of union.
From Yucatan.
Defeat and Slaughter of the Government
Troops. — By the arrival here last evening of
the Mexican schooner Felipe, Capt. Herman
dez, four days from Sisal, we have received El
Boletin official of Merida, to the 18th ult., in
clusive.
The Boletin of the IGth contains an account
of a sanguinary affair between the Yucateco
troops and the Indians, which took place at the
distance of a league from the town of Tiluc,
and in which the former were routed with great
slaughter. It appears by the report of the
commanding officer, Col. Don Jose Doloxes
Pasos, that for want of provisions he was
obliged to evacuate Titnc with his detachment,
consisting of 535 men, which was effected on
the morning of the 11th. When distant one
league from that town, he was intercepted by
an overwhelming force of Indians, who at
tacked him with the greatest fary. After stand
ing their ground until a large number was slain,
the Yucatecos fled, leaving all their baggage,
ammunition, tec., in the hands of their foes.
Os the whole detachment only 187 with their
colonel made their escape. They managed to
reach Sabau, carrying off only two officers
and fifteen soldiers of the wounded. On the
13th, however, one hundred more of the fugi
tives, with two sub-lieutenants, made their ap
pearance at Sacalaca. There were seventy
eight head of cattle and all the horses and bag
gage of the officers captured.
The Indians were still closely besieging Ti
hosuco. No other record of events is made in
these papers.— Picayune, 3d inst>
From the N. Y. Courier 3? Enquirer, 3d inst.
Reception of Father Mathew.
The reception of the Rev. Theobald Mathew
by the municipal authorities and the friends of
temperance of the city of New York, took
place yesterday in accordance with the ar
rangements previously made, and was such as
to make a most favorable impression on the
venerable apostle of temperance.
A large number of citizens—invited guests of
the Common Council—the city authorities, ana
delegations from the Order of Rechabites, and
the Father Mathew Temperance Societies, left
Castle Garden at half past 2 o’clock, in the
steamer Sylph, and proceeded to the Quaran
tine dock at Staten Island.
The Roverend Guest, with a Committee of
the Common Council and other friends had,
early in the afternoon, left the beautiful resi
dence of Mr. Nesmith—where he has been
quartered since his arrival—and called at the
hospitable mansion of Cornelius C. Vanderbilt,
situated a short distance from the Quarantine
dock —where a most bountiful collation was
served. As the steamer neared the wharf, the
Reverend gentleman left the residence of Mr.
Vanderbilt, in company with the Rev. Dr..Pise,
Aiderman Mullen of the Fourth ward, Aider
man Franklin and Assistant Aiderman Mercer
of the Second ward, the compauy being escort
ed to the boat by the “ Island Star” Division,
No. 87, Sons of Temperance, the band playing
the national anthem. The road the whole dis
tance was lined with thousands of men, women
and children, all anxious to get a glimpse of the
man whose name had so long been synonymous
with philanthropy.
Having arrived at the wharf, Aiderman
Hawes welcomed the guest in the following
remarks:—
Reverend Father : As the Chairman of the
Committee charged with the arrangements for your
reception, the pleasing duty devolves on me of bidding
you welcome, and, in the name of the Common Coutjp.
cil of the city of New York, to tender to you its hos
pitalities. Though now for the first time you tread
our shores, be assured, sir, you are no stranger to us.
Your well-earned fame—destined, we trust, to be as
enduring as that of the noblest and beat of heroes aud
statesmen —haslongsince preceded you; while your
efforts for the amelioration of the condition of your
fellow-men, and the results which have hitherto
crowned those efforts with such signal success, claim
ed both the admiration and gratitude of our whole
people. Not only in the cottage of the peasant, but
as well in the mansions of the wealthy and refined,
have your labors and influence been exerted, and
successfully blessed; and you now stand forth—mo
destly and unpretendingly, we know, but not the
loss pre eminently —among the chief of the public
benefactors and philanthropists of the age. There lies
before you in this, our highly-favored country, a wide
and extended field of usefulness in the great cause of
Temperance, in which you have been so long distin
guished at home; and while we doubt not that the
prayer of every sincere patriot and Christian will in
voke the blessings of Providence upon your labors —
as Americans, holding dear to us the welfare and hap.
piness of our fellow-countrymen, we rejoice in the
prospect that here, as abroad, your labors may be
alike successful. Congratulating you, sir, upon your
safe arrival, I bid you welcome —a cordial, heartfelt
welcome to America.
Father Mathew replied, expressing his grate
ful acknowledgments for so kind a reception:
but his remarks were made in so low a tone
(owing no doubt to the effects of the recent at
tack of paralysis which he has suffered) that we
were uuable to hear any portion of them with
distinctness.
Proceeding on board of the steamer, Aider
man Hawes introduced the guest to Aiderman
Kelly, who welcomed him in behalf of the Com
mon Council in the following remarks:—
Rev. Sir: —In behalf of our city authorities, allow
me to tender you a sincere and cordial welcome to our
shores.
Although to us personally a stranger, your gener
ous, self-sacrificing course through life is well known,
and your history has endeared you to the American
people; and you will meet, in your journey through •
the United States, thousands who duly appreciate
your extraordinary exertions for the welfare of your
fellow men.
Rev. Sir: His Honor the Mayor of the city will
have the pleasure of presenting you to our fellow-citi
zens, and will be in attendance for that purpose on
our arrival to tender the hospitalities due to so dis
tinguished a guest. Yes, sir, there are many on
board of this boat, who have been honored by their
fellow-citizens with various distinguished positions
in our city and State government, who will be
most happy to avail themselves of this opportunity
to welcome you in person, and to pay their respects
to the only nobility we recognize under our blessed
Constitution —the nobility created by our Maker-—an
honest man.
Again, sir, we most heartily welcome you to our
country, and trust that when you leave it to return to
your native land, you will be well satisfied this is the
home of the free, and a welcome asylum for the op
pressed of all nations.
Father Mathew, in reply, expressed his re
gret ut not being able to clothe in eloquent lan
guage an expression of the emotions which
filled his bosom ; but his feelings were too
great for utterance. He could only accept
with gratitude, the welcome tendered in behalf
of the authorities of the great city of New York,
and promise to make it the study of his life to
endeavor to do good to his fellow-man, and
practice humility and virtue. He trusted he
should prove worthy of the kindness tefldered
to him upon this the proudest am happiest day
of his life—a day which had reco npensed him
most bountifully, for all the sacrifices of his life,
made in the behalf of the cause ot temperance,
The conclusion of these remarks was receiv
ed with great cheering. In the meantime, the
vessel had left the Island, and was moving up
our beautiful bay towards the city.
The Rev. guest was then presented to each
of the members of the Common Council, and
finally to
VVrn. E. Dodge, Esq., (of Phelps, Dodge
&, Co.) who on behalf of the friends of tem
perance generally, addressed him as follows:
Reverend Dear Sir : —lt is my privilege tube
permitted, on this interesting occasion, in behalf of
the friends of Temperance in America, to welcome
you to our happy country; and I am sure you will
be convinced, from what you now see, and what you
will this day witness, that it is the welcome of the
heart. Long have we anticipated this pleasure, and
the hope so long deferred, has at times made the heart
sick ; but now that the expectation is realized, it is a
tree of life. You come among us, dear sir, not as a
stranger; we all know you, aud have for years been
familiar with your name —have watched with interest
your labors in behalf of your countrymen. We shall
never forget tho impressions made on our minds as
we read of your apostolic visits from city to city, and
from village to village, surrounded by thousands and
tens of thousands, who eagerly pressed their way to
receive at your hands the pledge of total abstinence
from all intoxicating drinks; and as we heard of the
happy millions thus sacredly pledged against one of
the direst evils that was desolating your happy coun
try, we can never forget ito influence on our efforts
to carry out the same principles here —it animated
and encouraged us to proceed forward in the nob Io
cause in which for years we had been engaged. We
welcome you, not as a victorious general returned
from the field of blood, but as one who has obtained
mightier victories. Yes! victories over the habits
and customs of years. You have conquered mind —
have stopped man from self-destruction. Who can
estimate the amount of individual and social happiness
which has resulted from your efforts. It has even
appeared to my mind that Providence had sent you to
prepare the way for that sad stale of destitution that
existed a short time since, and even now exists to an
alarming extent in your native land. Had it come
amid the general use of intoxicating drinks that for
merly existed, and the thousands of stills that con
sumed the grain, the destruction of life would have
been vastly greater.
I said you were not a stranger, and you will find
yourself surrounded at every step, as you pass through
our country, with friends. There is not a city or
hamlet in our country where the name of Father
Mathew is not familiar. You will be welcomed by
hundreds of thousands of your own happy country
men now here, enjoying equally with us the privileges
and blessings of our free institutions. (Hear, hear.)
You will find them filling places of trust and honor,
raised there by the influence of the temperance pledge.
(Cries of “ hear, hear ” and great applause.) Not
only are they generally well provided for themselves,
but they are sending back to friends at homo, either
the means of sustenance there or funds to
bring them here; and many a poor emigrant, as he
landed on our shore, without friends or funds has
• found that he had in his bosom, that which was worth
more to him than money —as in reply to the question
of some one who, while engaging from the newly ar
rived company, men to work his farm or bis railroad :
“do you belong to the Temperance Society?” he
said : “Ah, and is not this the medal that Father
Mathew gave me?” Yes, sir, when they come with
this certificate of character, we bid them welcome.
You may think, sir, as you pass through our coun
try, that you see but little evidence of our having a
temperate people, and that after all wo have said and
doue, that we have made but little progress; but while
we deplore the fact that in many places there has
been a reaction in the cause, yet those who have
watched the progress of the reformation, feel that
much, very much has been done. In large sections
of our country the habits of former times have been
entirely changed. The fact has been fully demon
strated and admitted, that the stimulous of alcohol is
not necessary, but absolutely injurious to physical en
durance. Our farmers, mechanics, our sailors, in fact
those engaged in all kinds of labor, now find that they
can endure more and feel better without liquor, than
when under the influence of stimulating drinks. This
we consider a very important point gained. It is notv
generally admitted, as the result of careful scientific
analysis, that alcohol is a poison when taken into the
system. This is another important point. We have
found here, as with you, that intemperance was a so
cial vice, and we think we have gained much in its
being, to a great extent, banished from the sideboards
and tables of our families. And etill another point
we have gained. Perhaps more in the country than
in the city is the impression increasing, that the traf
fic is injurious, and is no longer respectable. As you
pass through large sections of our country, you may
look in vain for the distillery which in years past
would be seen in every village.
Yea, sir, while much, very much remains to be
done, we feel encouraged that so much baa been done.
We have hundreds of thousands of pledged men, wo
men and children ; every year they increase, and we
look with confidence to the final triumph oi' our cause.
Again, I say, we welcome you; yes, my friends, we
do well to give a hearty welcome to Father Mathew.
What monument of gratitude would we not raise to
the man who should discover a specific—a certain
cure for that dread scourge which is now visiting our
city and our land 1 But while we would recognise
the hand of God in this visitation, let us not forget that
for years we have had among us a fell destroyer far
more destructive to human life and happiness than
the Cholera has ever been here, carrying off every
year 30 to 50,000 of our countrymen, and which has
spread ruin and death over the Emerald We. Hero
we have with ua to-day the man who there stayed
the plague, and presented a specific—a panacea—at
once simple and effective. The magic pledge, ad
ministered at his hand, strictly kept, and all was safe
and happy. Shall we not welcome such a benefactor
to our shores and let him feel that we have in our
hearts erected a monument of gratitude? (“ Yes,”
“yes.”) Yes, we will—we do!
Father Mathew, in the name and in behalf of the
friends of Temperance in America, I bid you a most
hearty, cordial welcome to our happy country.
The address was received with marked at
tention and great applause.
Father Mathew, after again expressing by
thanks for the welcome which he had received,