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About Weekly chronicle & sentinel. (Augusta, Ga.) 183?-1864 | View Entire Issue (Aug. 29, 1849)
BY WILLIAM S. JONES. THE WEEKLY CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL Is Published every Wednesday, AT TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM IN ADVANCE. TO CLUBS er INDIVIDUALS sending us Ten Dollar ,SIX copies of the Paper will be sent for one year, thus furnishing the Paper at the rate of SIX COPIES FOR TEN DOLLARS, or a free copy to all who may procure us Jive sub scribers, and forward us the money. THE CHROIfICLB AND SENTINEL DAILY AND TRI-WEEKLY, Are also published at this office, and mailed to sub scribers at the following rates, viz.: Daily Paper SlO per annum. Tri-Webklt Papbu-- 5 u 1 TERMS OF ADVERTISING. / In Wbbkly.—Seventy-five cents per square (12 > lines or less) for the first insertion, and Fifty cents for each subsequent insertion. Business (Earftg. To Professional EBusiness Men. PROFESSIONAL AND BUSINESS CARDS, not exceeding six lines, will be inserted under this head at the rate of $lO per annum. Cards exceeding six lines, will be charged prorata per line. 3ttornies unit Soliiitors. _ CVManJfGj ATTORNEYS AT LAW, Sandersville _ r** WILL practice io all the cowfie. ' •JUH’rcwi'. . "■ . 6- K. G. * A. G, T TOR N E Y S AT LAW. The undersigned are still engaged in the prac tffce of Law. Office at Madison, Morgan County, Ga. All business entrusted to them, will meet with prompt and efficient attention. N. G. FOSTER, fe2B-tf A. G. FOSTER. CHAPLEY K. STROTHER, ATTORNEY AT LAW Practices in the Northern Circuit. All business will receive prompt and efficient attention. Office at Lincolnton, Ga. je2B-tf ROBERT HESTER, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Elberton Georgia. WILL practice in the counties cf Elbert, Wilkes, Lincoln, Oglethorpe, Madison and Franklin. my 22-1 y WM. T. TRAMMELD, ATTORNEY AT LA W, ROME, Floyd County - •• • Georgia. Fj* Will also practice in the counties of Paulding, Cass, Cherokee, Gilmer, Murray, Walker, Dade and Cbattoogi. Refer Io Hand, Williams & Co., Tho®. Barrett <fc Co., Adams, Hopkins & Co., Gould & Bulkley, Augusta, Ga. felO-wly E. C. SHACKELFORD, ATTORNEY AT LAW, LEXINGTON, SA. Reference. — Hon. A.H.Stephens, Crawfordville, Ga. ap23-wly. Linton Stephens, | J. L. Bird. STEPHENS & lIR.D, ATTORNIES AT LAW, CRAWFORDVILLE, GA. ftjpWi II practice in ail the Counties of the North ern circuit. jy!6-ly* D. C. SIMPSON, ATTORNEY AT LAW, ATLANTA.-.. GEORGIA. Wil! promptly attend toall business entrusted tohis care. f29-ly JOSEPH C. WILKINS, ATTORNEY ATLAW, n- Will practice m all the counties of the Eastern Circuit. OFFICE IN RICEBORO, LIBERTY COUNTY, Georgia. sll-tf ROBERT E. WOODING, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Appling, Georgia. f2B-wly EDWARD H. POTTLE, ATTORNEY AT LAW WARRENTON ... GEORGIA. References —Messrs. A. J. <ft T. W. Miller, Augusta Ga.; Hon. T. B. King, Glynn county, Ga. jal2-t .t' /. • M - J* B - M, BERRIEN PEPPER, ATTORNIES AT LA W, ?T*r Will continue to practice in the Middle Circuit of Georgia. Their office is in WAYNESBORO, BURKE COUNTY, where one of them will at all times be found. my29-w JASPER N. DORSEY, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Dahlonega, • • • Georgia. Will attend to all Professional business entrust ed to him in the Cherokee Circuit, and in Habersham county, of the Western Circuit. Rbfkrbncka —Messrs. Hays Bowdre, Dr. Wm, H. Turpin, Augusta; Hon. C. Dougherty, Athens. James Law, Gainesville; Smith & Walker, and J; W. Grady, Dahlonega. fe!4 FELIX C. MOORE, ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW, Crawfordville • • • Georgia. Will practice in all thecountiesof the North ern, and Greene county of theOctnulgee, Circuit. Office in. the Court-House. f24-ly JOHN LYON, ATTORNEY ATLAW, (Ofthe late firm of Richard F. A J. Lyon, Albany,) will practice in the counties of Paulding, Cass, Chero kee, Forsyth, Lumpkin, Union, Giltner, Murray, Walker, Dade, Chattooga anti Floyd. in SPRING PLACES, Murray county, Georgia. Refers to Gov. Chas. J. McDonald, Marietta; Col. R. K. HincßjOf Macon ; Hon. Lott Warren, Messrs. Hora& McGuire, Hunt & Pynehen, Albany. Ga. Messrs. A. J. AT. W. Miller, Augusta. 529-ts JOHN R. STANFORD, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Clarkesville.. Ga. Will practice in the counties of Clarke, Frank lin, Habersham, Lumpkin, Forsyth, Gilmer, Union Murray ami Gwinnett, and in the Federal Circui Court for Georgia. 17 v JOHN P. WILDE, ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT LAW, ?Vo. 11, Exchange Place, New Orleans. -tjLrcr •Ml collections entrusted to his care, wilt re ceive prompt attention. <127-1 y JOHN K. JACKSON, ATTORNEY AT LAW, Augusta, • Georgia. rr Will practice io Richmond, and the neighboring I Counties of the Middle Circuit. Office neit be low Messrs. A. J. dk T. W, Miller’s—Up Stairs. References: —Messrs. Mixer & Pitman, Boston ; Messrs. Hoisted & Rrokaw, S. C. Dortic, Blake & Brown, John K. Hora, C. O. H aisled, New York; Messrs. W. M. Martin, L. M. & B. W. Force & Co., Charleston; Messrs A. J.AT. W. Miller, Adams A Fargo, W. Ek Jack* n A Co., Augusta. 025- G. PUTNAM, attorney at law, Warrenton, Georgia. apl3-ly LAW NOTICE. THE UNDERSIGNED having formed a co-partnership in the practice of law, offer caprices to the public. All communications ad drfilial U> Bll.ui will ui—uupt allen - tran. JAS. T. BOTHWELL. Augusta, Gn. • 12-wly THOMAS F. WELLS, Louisville. Ga. Warehouse anD Commission. Cha.. P. M’Caula. [ Gvstav. Romais McCAlilaA *. ROMAIN. COMMISSION MERCHANTS n 6 APALACHICOLA-FLORIDA. ly H. L. JsrrKas. | W.S. Cothran. JKFFHRS A COTHRAN. and commission mek- V CHANTS. ■ AUGUSTA, Ga., and HAMBURG, So.C* f K. A. SOCLLAUD, COMMISSION MERCHANT, SAVANNAH, GEO, nS-ly. W H. C. MILLS, FACTOR A COMMISSION MKRCUAXT, Coalman business al his old «and, No. 176 Bay-street, Savannah, tieorgla. RtFKKKMCKS: sWoMra. />'.l.fijniec4* frans, .<its-usZa. O«Her Day 4" Co., .1/aron, E. Padhfeni 4- 1 a., Sara-i.-iD o Iron -foundries. NEBBOX * TICKET. EAGLE IRON <S BRASS FOUNDRY AUGUSTA, GA, Immediately above th* lot of the ok! Plan:er?’ Hotel. JV Gearig (be Mdia. Gins. Ac., and ether castings, made to order. Also Indterae of every deeenpbun. All wvrk warranted. Orders from the country will receive prompt attention. ap22 HiXchktw’ Water-wheel* on hand and toortkr. Drugs, fllercijaniiise, S?e. HAVILAND. RISLKT A CO„ DEALERS IN CHOICE DRUGS MEDICINES, AC.. AC. NE.AR THE MANSION HOUSE, GLOBE ANU C, S. HOTELS. AUGUSTA. yS-ty « PHILIP A. MOISE. ’WHOLESALE AND RETAIL R PMltr >n Cboiro »*UGS, MFIHCINES, PAINTS, OILS, Ac., 4c.. " HIXKKV. liXI HbJ. o 4 IdJftl''. 0 ""’' SUGARS WHtSSFY . •“ o' -« C. A. tM. H. WILLIAMS. I I ST'S -A I I /l I i i rLA vV V • v IAAA MkW WcKU ' _ Augusta, ®a.: THVRSDAI MORNING, AUG. 23. 1849. Great Fair of the Southern Agrlcultu ral Association. The recent Cattle Show and Fair at Stone Mountain, were unquestionably the largest and best exhibition ofthe kind ever seen in he Southern States. Interesting and creditable as was the show of horses, neat cattle, hogs and other well bred animals, and the display of domestic manufactures, needle work, paint ings, dairy products, farm implements and nu merous specimens of mechanical skill and in genuity, these were greatly excelled by the ap preciating enthusiasm for Improvement, mani Tested by the thousands in attendance at the Fair. We are happy to know that public sentiment is right and ripening on this impor tant subject. The Association is doing an in calculable amount of good by annually collect ing from seven to ten thousand farmers, me chanics and manufacturers together at one place, to compare notes, instruct one another, and learn by personal inspection what can be done in the way of raising fine and serviceable horses and mules ; cows remarkable for their milking properties; sheep that yield a great deal of wool and mutton for their keep; hogs that give the highest attainable quantity of pork for the food consumed ; and steers equally valu able for the yoke and the shambles. Every intelligent man knows that Georgia contains too much poor, and too little good stock. This condition of things is beginning to change A grade cow bei we b<« Mr. her g ex- hibited a pure blooded Domain and calf, wr- *J***rfcd by all go od j u dges of neat stock. Mr. R. Peters of Atlanta ex hibited a couple of pure blooded Devons which attracted more attention than any other animals on the ground. Being at the Fair but a short time, we had not time nor opportunity to learn the names of the owners of much of the stock, especially of horses, mares, colts, mules and jacks. There were but few sheep shown, and they Cotswolds, by Mr. Peters, and a South Down and Leicester buck by Mr. Twiggs. Mr. P. exhibited some beautiful hogs of different breeds and imported stock. A mammoth porker was sent down from Cass ville which when well fatted will weigh some seven or eight hundred pounds. The show of poultry was small; but we venture to predict that it will be far larger at the next exhibition. There is room for great improvement in the management of this class of domestic animals. Mr. Johx Farrar of Putnam county exhibi ted two lots of white wheat, bo.h of which drew premiums. The highest premium however, was awarded to a beautiful red Black Sea wheat, which if not identical with the best Medi terranean, is very similar in form, quality and hardiness. We commend this grain to our country friends. It will make less superfine Hour per 100 pounds of wheat than the best Genesee white wheats, but it is less liable to suf fer by attacks from Hessian flies, rust, mildew, and from frost and falling down. Having tra velled over a number of counties off the rail road, within the last ten days, and been much with practical wheat-growers, we shall soon write one or more articles on the production of this important crop. Southern farmers should not be discouraged by the signal failure of their wheat at the last harvest. To the Ladies of this State is due the honor of making the exhibition at Stone Mountain exceedingly attractive and popular. We re gret our present inability to name a scoro at least of those whose taste and handiwork, both with the needle and the pencil, deserve special commendation. At the next Fair they will meet with the justice of having their articles inspected and the premiums awarded by com pelent committees of their own sex. The man ner of conducting these annual shows and fairs is to be remoddled and greatly improved. chase of household fabrics, home manufactures, rural implements, stock, &c. Thousandswill go with their tents, provisions and cooks, pre pared to stay a week, and be independent of all public houses and sharpers. The society can easily increase its receipts four fold, and its premiums in an equal ratio. It em braces citizens in the States of South Carolina, Tennessee and Alabama, as well as in Geor gia. Its affairs will be, as they have been so far, as we are informed, conducted on the most liberal principles. It will soon be able to pub lish an annual volume of its transactions equal to any similar institution in this country or Europe. Each member of the Society wJI be entitled to a volume of its transactions. South ern sentiment is ripe for this noble achieve ment. Our planters, farmers, mechanics, ar tists, manufacturers and business men general ly are ready to sustain by small contributions, any straightforward, unselfish scheme which is calculated to develope the immense resources ofthe South. Our citizens see their ability to place her in advance of all other countries; and the ability will work out this high consumma tion. We repeal. Public Opinion is ripe on the grave question of improving the Industrial pursuits of this portion ofthe Union. We shall recur to the Fair again, and notice a few Augusta mechanics and artists, the pro ducts of whose skill met our eye at the Stone Mountain. Dairy Products.—Nothing at the Farmer's Festival interested us so much as the samples ofcheese exhibited by Mr. Williams of Ha bersham, and by the dairy man of Mr. Force of Chattooga. Cheese from these dairies sold readily at 12. J cents a pound ; and the proprie tors lind the business quite lucrative. Several others are making arrangements to embark ex tensively in this branch ofhusbandry. Instead of importing many thousands of pounds of northern cheese a year. Georgia will soon have a surplus for export. The estimated value of property in Virginia is about $310,000,000. New Mnatc. Wk are indebted to Mr. Charles Catlin forseveral pieces of elegant new music, embra cing the following: “ Romaneses Polka;" “MosquitoPolkat” "Moonbeam Waltz:" “The Moonlight of the Heart,” a song, the music by Strakosch; and the “Lonely Rose,” com posed for and sung by Jessy Lisp. Light Houses.—The Union states that there are in the United States two hundred and sixty seven light houses: and thirty.two floating lights along the Adantic coast. Hos. Thomas Ewise.—Superior talent and untiring industry in a Wbig are all that is wanting to mark him for the shafts of calum niators and slanderers. Failing in their attack upon Gen. Taylor, the opponents of his Ad ministration are now turning their batteries upon the honored and gifted Secretary of the interior. Old charges, newly glossed over, are brought forward: the pen of malice is busily at work; and the most vindictive and unscru pulous of the Locofoco press are endeavoring to aim a blow at Gen. Taylor’s Administration through one of its Secretaries. We need not say their labor will be in vain. The American people will not permit faithful public servants thus to be slandered. If they do their duty in their proper sphere they will be rewarded. Mr Ewing will survive in the hearts of a generous people, and his deeds will be acknowledged and praised in the re corded pages of American history when his revilers are despised and forgotten Mark that.— Lancaster {Ohio) Gazette. Society Upset tv California.—There ap pears to be what the French call a boat ere rse 'nent—a complete overturn—of the usual ar rangement of society, at the gold region ; for aspecimenof which see the following extract from a San Francisco letter in the Boston Courier: Since my arrival I have seen a lieutenant of the navy, and a New York merchant, dragging a hand-cart at au ounce per load: a few days since I meta professor in one of vour colleges driving his ox team, hauling emigrants* ‘traps’ to the ‘diggins.* at s2t) for one hundred pounds. A Georgia planter cooks my salt pork, and does the flap jacks brown ; a printer from the Picayune office keeps my books, and two young gentlemen from jobbing-houses in Pearl street take care of the mules, haul lumber and act as porters in the store : each at from $lO to 16 per day. with board, in California all labor, and one is daily furnished with iunume rable sources of amusement by meeting old fneuds m such comical employments. Imagine our fnend . the artist, with buckskin trou- sers, red flannel ahirt andfCahfomia hat ped ding newspapers; “Sun. Herald and Tribune, sir! latest date* from New York, oniftwo dol fars sack ” Hon. Roar. P. Letcher (late Governor of the State of Kentucky.) the National Intelli gencer says, it is rumored, has been offered, and will accept, a foreign mission. He is ex pected in Washington this week. the Nashville Banner. Effect of Manufactures in Producimg Wealtli. Illustrated in. the Peel Family of England—- The following anecdote, taken from the History of Inventions, of the rise of the family of Sir Robert Peel, forcibly illustrates the effect of ingeuirty and in dustry, when employed in manufactures. Robert Peel,‘the grandfather of the present distinguished British Statesman, was an humble farmer of Lanca shire. He is represented as a man of observant and inquiring mind —shrewd, intelligent and energetic. He had noted the growing spirit of* enterprise in man ufactures, which were rapidly advancing in conse quence of the improvements in machinery, and he de termined to abandon farming and adapt himself to another business which promised to be more profita ble. Having remarked the tedious process by which cotton wool was brought into a state for spinning by the common hand card, he invented the cylinder for doing the work better and more expeditiously. He then became a calico printer. “He set to work and with his own bands he cut away on blocks of wood with such tools as he could command, till he had formed the figure of a parsley leaf. At the back of each of these blocks he put a handle, and a pin of strong wire at each of the four corners. He then got. a tub, into which he put a colored mixture with a lit tle alum in it. He then covered the tub with a wool en cloth which sunk till it touched the coloring mat terand became saturated with it. The white cloth was then stretched tightly across the table top—the woolen cloth was then touched with the face of the parsley leaf block, and as soon as the figure was fairly covered witfi the color, he placed it squarely on the cloth and struck it sharply with a mallet so that the figure of the engraving was left upon the white calico. This process was repeated until the whole was complete. As soon as it was dry his wife and daughters set to work and ironed it with common smoothing irons.” This was the original of calico printing. Mr. Peel, not satisfied with this process subsequently invented another machine by which the labor was lightened and the work greatly facilitated. His new machine consisted “ofan oblong frame made with a smooth bottom and upright posts, and a rail on each side. Running from each side there was a rol ler wit 11-fl handle to turn it, and round the rol ghet there a rope wound spirally. Each end of ’ the rope wA fastened to an ouinng deep box, aa wide | and as long the frame. It was filjgcL with | hjfdi-r- had 'now a >e than the strength and warm of his wife and daughters. He wound his of calico round smooth wooden rollers which were placed under the box, and that being drawn backwards and forwards by means of the rope round the upper roller, the winch soon gave the requisite smoothness to the work. With this rude machine Mr. Peel laid the founda tion of his success in life. The calicoes thus manu factured met with a ready sale. His machine was afterwards superseded by others of superior machi nery ; but he went on step by step until he became the head of one of the largest manufacturing houses in the country. His eldest son became connec-ed with him in business; the tide of wealth flowed fast. His son became a baronet, and ranked among the wealthiest commoners of the kingdom, and his grand son, the prime minister of “an empire whose power was never equalled.” This anecdote shows that humble origin is no bar to wealth or exalted station when industry and inte grity are combined with intelligence and perseve rance. A Valuable Discovery— lmportant to Bald Heads.— We have often heard ofrestoratives" for the human hair, but we have never yet known of any thing which actually restored hair to those who were bald, until a discovery brought into requisition, in this city, by Mr. M. Wise, of Rockingham county, Va. Mr. Wise, who is a farmer by trade, has been experimenting for several years, by at tempting to produce a growth of hair where baldness existed, having taken up the idea that such a thing might be possible, from a close observance of the appearance of the pores of skins from which the hair had been extracted prior to Lanning. He discovered that, after one crop of hair had been extracted, there were a second set of roots below those which were drawn out of the upper pores of the skin, and this peculiar formation of the skin of an ani mal, he thought not unlikely to exist in the hu man head. Hence it occurred to him, that if the skin on the head of a person could be soft ened, and the lower pores so reached with the right kind of invigorating application, a new growth of hair would be produced. In this, it seems, Mr. Wise was correct, and since his short sojourn in Richmond, many of our citi zens had occular demonstrations of the truth of his supposition. He has now been in the city about six weeks, or two months, during which time he has ex perimented upon the bald heads of at least a dozen persons, some of whom had been bald for years. Strange to say, he has been suc cessful in producing a new growth of hair up on nearly, if not quite all of them. When he first came to Richmond, and told what he could accomplish, Mr. Wise was iaughed at, and it was with difficulty he could get a head to ex periment on. Those, however, who were at first the greatest skeptics are now the fiimest believers in the virtue of his discovery. We have ourself seen new and luxuriant growths of hair upon the heads of several of our citizens, whom we knew to be almost en tirely bald a short time since. In most cases, the hair has made its appearance in eight or nine days after Mr. Wise’s first application— about four days elapsed beforß the new hair began to grow.— Richmond Adv. A Tragedy.— A correspondent has furnished us with the particulars of a melancholy trage dy, which occurred in Ross township, in this county, on the 13th June. The affair was ad verted to in the News, and talked of in private circles, but for the want of more authentic in formation, and for fear of doing injustice to some one, we have forborne a public expose of the strange and unnatural fact, until, the present. The name of the lady is Mrs. Rebec ca Mitcham, wife of one Harrison Mitcham. She left home on the sth of June, and after loitering about the neighborhood for a few days, took her children, the eldest about six, the second four, and the third one year, old, to the banks of the Big yellow Creek, and in the deepest place in the stream consigned herself and the three children to a watery grare When the bodies were discovered, the young est child was tied fust to its mother, with an apron and a pocket handkerchief. The second was tied above the knees, to prevent his res cuing himself by any chance struggle. The head of the eldest showed some signs of vio lence, whether done in being thrown into the stream, or previously, is not known. The causes which led this woman to the commission of so horrible an act are said to be inattention, i buse, cruelty, and jealousy on the part of the husband. The provocation must have been great, the anguish intolerable, to have prompted a mother with a babe in her arms, followed by two interesting children, to search lor herself and them a premature death and an early eter nity.— Steubenville (Ohio) Herald. An Adventure.—We received, some day® ago. a brief announcement that a town on the West coast of South America had been attack ed by a party of Americans, and supplies of water and provisions forcibly taken. A Cin cinnati paper furnishes full particulars of the affair, communicated by Mr. Loring. At Aca pulco, on his return from California, he met Col. Sobrieski, of New York, who went out in command of a party of forty-five emigrants to the gold region Ou arriving at Panama, ow ing to the difiicuhy of procuring transportation, the party were obliged to charter a schooner of about thirty tons, in which they proposed to sail for San Francisco. They did so; but after having accomplished about five hundred miles ofthe trip, the store of provisions and water ran out, and they stood into port at a small Mexican town on the coast, the name of which Mr. Loring does not remember. On attempting to laud, opposition was made by the Alcalde, who gave as his reason for so doing the apprehension that they would intro dace the cholera into the place. Spite of the assurances given that there was no cholera on board, and that the only object in view was to obtain food and water, the refusal to permit the landing was insisted on, and at last Col. So brieski, turning to his men. said—“ We have to choose between two alternatives—to land, take the town and supply ourselves, or to put to sea and perish.” The men unanimously de cided in favor ofthe former, and disembarked in their boats. The Alcalde had with him about fifty soldiers and a considerable number of the residents of the place, but the whole body fled before the boats touched the beach. On reaching the shore, the American flag was hoisted, and provisions bought and paid for. Water was obtained from the public well, and then the whole party retired in good order to the vessel. While on shore they were in formed that an express had been sent into the interior for a body of five hundred cavalry sta tinned some miles distant, but the force did not arrive in time to molest them. The affair appears to have been the result of sheer necessity on the part of Col. Sobrieski and his Hon. D. M. Barringer, our newly appointed Minister to Spain, is in New York. The Washington Republic says that the Hon. Ab bott Lawrence, our Minister at the Court of St. James, arrived in that city on Thursday. Also, that the Hon. W. C. Rives, our Minister to France, passed through Washington the same day. with his family, en route to the seat of his mission. The Bath Tribune says that a child of Dr. Shaw, two years of age. died on Saturday last, after a sickness of six hours, from eating cobalt, which was prepared for flies. One incident connected with her death, says the Tribune, was affectingly beautiful. When her eyes be gan to grow dim with death, she evidently fan cied it was night, aud she was going asleep ; and she died with her customary “ good night, mamma, good night, mamma, ’ many times re peated, trembling on her lips. Virginia Legislature.—The Genera! As sembly which have been in session at the War renton Springs for two mouths, closed their labors on Friday List, after having completed the revision of the code of the State. They have made some important amendments in the laws, and directed 10.000 copies to he publish ed for distribution. Ourfirsi California Ship. —We are pleased to learn, from a paragraph iu the N York Her ald. that the ship Othello. Capt. Galloway, which sailed bence for Sau Francisco. (Cali fornia) on the 30th January last, was at Rio Janeiro on the 4th July. Sbe is reported as last from the Straits of Magellan, and was re pairing.—Ch. Cour. Quits a Difference.—Gen. Taylor stated when at Chambersburg. Pa., lately, that fifty years ago be passed through there, when a voung officer in the army, and on his way from Baltimore to Pittsburg, the whole of which distance he travelled on foot. Now he goes as the honored President of a mighty nation. AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDA Y MORNING, AUGUST 29. 1849. Augusta, ©co.: FRIDAY MORNING. AUG. 34, 1849. “How this World is given to Lying.” “The members of the administration at Washing ton, collectively and personally, are exploring the low est depths of degradation, and reaping a full harvest of public contempt as fast as any set of men ever did, who had rope wherewith to bang themselves. The latest caper is that of Mr. Jacob Collamer, the Post- Master General. This redmouthed abolitionist has been guilty ofthe baseness and falsehood of declaring in a letter to a gentleman in Alabama —the letter writ ten to be used to influence the late election in Mr. Inge’s district —that he is not an abolitionist. “Hesays distinctly in these words, am not now, nor have I ever been an and he sends this written averment into Alabama just before an election, to deceive and cheat the people.”—Co lumbus Times. According to the ethics of the Times, no gentleman is hereafter to be permitted to de fine his political views and position for himself; but he must leave that task to his opponents. This is a very convenient creed for dema gogues whose chief consequence consists in their ability to fabricate and wield calumny to the prejudice of rival, or antagonist politicians. Mr. Collamer says: “lam not now, nor have I ever been an abolitionist.” Who can know better than Mr. C. his po litical associations, and his real sentiments in reference to abolitionism ? A distinguished citizen, of high character for troth and veracity, is foully charged with being ** guilty of baseness and falsehood for simply repelling an infa mous aspersion of his good name as a public functionary. Modern Jacobinism which calls itself “ democracy” canput the right of. self-defence in a Jio Americaircitizen, wYßTliaii w’decTTor Gen. Taylor, for Mr. Clay and every Whig Presidential candidate for twenty years, in opposition to Smith, Bir ney, Van Buren and all other abolitionists, can truthfully say that he does not belong to the lat ter party ! Both President Taylor and Hen ry Clay are well known slaveholders and the objects of especial hatred to all anti-slavery or ganizations in the free States. The Northern Whigs by casting the electoral votes of New York, Pennsylvania, Vermont, Massachusetts, Connecticut and Rhode Island for one of the largest slaveholders in Louisiana for President, have proved themselves to be far less tinctured with sectional prejudices than the Northern Democrats, who run no less than three North ern partizans for the office of Chief Magistrate, namely: Cass, Van Buren and Gerrit Smith. So intense is the anti-slavery feeling of the rank and file of the Northern Democracy, that even the glory of a party triumph, and their in nate love of power and spoils could not induce them to trust that radical Northern partizan Lewis Cass, on this question ; but they needs must divide and cast their votes for free soil and abolition candidates. On the subject of abolitionism in the Demo cratic party, the Washington Union makes the following confession : “The democratic partv, like the IVhig party, comprises persons of all shades of opinion upon the subjects which do not affect its political doctrines and principles. Undoubtedly, there are democrats in the free Statas—nay, the great mass of them, who are opposed in principle to slavery, and would be glad to have it cease to exist EVERY WHERE, while they would resort to no unconstitutional or improper means to effect an object which, they deem so desirable; while in lhe slaveholding Statesthere are democrats holding opposite opinions on that sub ject. These opinions originate from local and pecu liar causes and infuenees, and have no relation whatever to the freat fundamental principles, which are acknowledged as the platform and chart of the great national democratic party." The above remarks will apply with far more propriety to “the great national Whig party,” ’han to the hopelessly divided supporters of the peculiar notions of Messrs. Cass, Van Buren, Benton and Calhoun—no two of whom agree, yet each leader and his followers are dyed in the-wooldemocrats. There is something contemptible and mean, as well as false and calumnious, in calling all the sincere friends and supporters of a South ern President north of Mason &. Dixon’s line, “abolitionists,” for the purpose of injuringthe Administration in the slaveholding States. It is fighting with poisoned weapons, and a tacit confession of a bad cause, and of conscious The Whig Cause in Alabama.—The read er will find an interesting letter in this mor ning’s paper from Alabama, giving some ac count of the Whig gains in that Slate at the recent election. We ask attention to the fact that “ all the strong slaveholding counties gave Mr. Hilliard immense majorities.” How is this, if he, as his enemies assert, is “unsound on the question of Southern rights ?” If the trutli were known, it would appear that the Whigs of Alabama and Georgia own more than two-thirds of the slaves in these two States. What arrant humbug, then, for the Democrats to pretend that they are not to be trusted on the subject of slavery ? The Election in Alabama. Messrs. Editors : The returns of our elec tion are now all in, and it appears that the Whigs have a majority of one in the Senate and the Locos ten in the House—a majority less than half that of the smallest they have ever before had. We have gained members in every part of the Slate. Our Congressional delega tion will stand as before. The re-election of Mr. Hilliard is the great est triumph of the year. He is one South Ca rolinian who don’t sneeze when Mr. Calhoun takes snuff*; and consequently the whole chival ry phalanx was arrayed against him. His re fusal to support and sign the great “ Southern Address,” was the crime for which he was to be beaten. Early in the spring his enemies commenced their eager opposition; the Dem ocratic papers were filled with nothing but long and short articles; their emissaries spread them selves over every part of the district, to arouse an early, determined and prejudiced opposition to him, which they succeeded in doing ; and yet, although his former majority was only 125, no Democrat could be found with sufficient courage to meet this terrible “ traitor to the South” in the canvass. When, however, they had, by false thunder, appeared to get up a destructive storm against him, a Whig was found suited to their purposes, Mr. J. L. Pugh, the Taylor candidate for elector, took the field aa the “ Address Candidate,” and so active and able a canvass has never been witnessed in Al abama. Mr. Hilliard wa« branded as “a Free Soiler, ” and by many of the flat-heads, be lieved to be such. Travelling orators were found ranting and roaring against him in every quarter, and inflammatory hand bills were in everybody’s hands, and yet Mr. Hilliard’s ma jority rose from 125 to 835’! All the strong slaveholding counties m the district gave him immense majorities, while the lower tier of counties, down in the pine-fiaU, voted against him. The candidates, remember, were both whigs, and they did not pretend to differ on anything but “ the Address,” &c. The 6th district had a similar contest, only that there the candidates were both undoubted Democrats. The district has a Loco majority ot about 4,000, and of course, no Whig would raise his head there. But Mr. Cobb, their late member, had refused to sign “ the Address, ” and must be beaten. So an able and influen tial Democrat’ who had been to the Mexican tear, was run against him on tlie “sole issue, ” and Mr. Cobb came out with a very large ma jority (between 800 and 1,000.) Thus the question has been fairly tested in both ends of the State, and “ the Address ” is “ a dead cock in the pit. ” The party trick is too visible on its front; it is a humbug of the most transparent kind. It w*as conceived as a party measure to embarrass Gen- Tajlor’s ad ministration. ai.d gain Democratic votes in the South, and might have done something in that way, had the great astrologer let it alone. But he must rule or ruin. He had worked himself out of all parties, and was well nigh losing all iiis former devout followers; and it was neces sary that be should strike some new and im portant blow that would “enure” a little.— By gelling that “ sub committee of five. ” of which he, as mover, would be chairman of course, he thought to put himself at the head of the movement and consequently at the head of a great Southern party, which was to break down all other parties, and of course, party leaders; at the same time, taking very good care not to commit himself to any •* measure of redress, ” or anything else that would embar rass his future progress. But the thing will fail. The Whigs are not particularly in want of a leader at this time, and the Democrats remember too well which of their leaders have been most balky, and led them into most of their bogs aod quicksands and wildernesses, and then cooly unharnessed himself, walked out and laughed at their calam ities. But I bad only intended to give you an ac count of our elections, and the prosperity of the Whig cause in Alabama, and will cease writing about “ no-party issues ” The Whigs here think ’hey understand “Southern inter ests, ” and know how best to maintain them; at any rate they have a majority in just about every strong slavebolding county in the State, and ought to take care of their own interests. Georgian. HUNGARY. declaration of independence BY THE HUNGARIAN NATION. A London correspondent ofthe New York Courier Enquirer furnishes that paper with the following translation ofthe recent Declara of the Diet of Hungary, proclaiming the Inde pendence of that country. It was sent to the Couriers correspondent by Kossuth, the Pres ident of Hungary, with a request that it should be published in the United States. “It was drawn up by a Committee of the Diet, and al though lacking that terse and vivid eloquence which distinguishes every thing from the pen of Kossuth, this declaration has the merit of giving a clear and complete exposition of the relations between Hungary and Austria, couch ed in language, strong from its moderation. The fullness and precision of its details are im portant also, for by them, the whole case of Hungarian suffering and Austrian perfidy, are exposed before the great tribunal of public opin ion.” We hope its length will not deter its perusal by our readers. We have Been nothing hereto fore that gave so full and explicit a statement of the causes of the present war in Hungary as this document furnishes. Hungarian Manifesto. Translated for the N. York Courier Enquirer. We, the legally constituted representatives of the Hungarian Nation in Diet assembled, do by these presents solemnly proclaim the maintenance of the iiiaiienable natural rights of Hungary, with ai •dependencies, to oc cupy position est '•r-rrei*pendent Europe "<ff : and that the House of Haps burg Lorraine, as perjured in th*? sight of God and man. has forfeited the right of the Hunga rian throne. At the same time, we feel our selves bound in duty to make known the mo tives and reasons which have impelled us to this decision, that the civilized world may learn we have taken this step from no overweening confidence in our own wisdom, nor from rev olutionary excitement, but that it is an act of the last necessity, adopted to preserve from ut ter destruction a nation persecuted to the lim it of the most enduring patience. Three hundred years have passed since the Hungarian Nation, by free election, placed the House of Austria upon its throne, in accord ance with stipulations made on both sides, and ratified by treaty. These three hundred years have been, for Hungary, a period of uninter rupted suffering. The Creator has blessed this country with all the elements of wealth and happiness. Its area of 130.000 square mjiles presents in va ried profusion innumerable sources of pros perity. Its population, numbering nearly 15,- 000,000, feels the glow of youthful strength within its veins, and has shown temper and docility which warrant its proving at once the main organ of civilization in Eastern Europe, and the guardian of that civilization when at tacked. The House of Austria has publicly used ev ery effort to deprive the country of its legiti mate independence and constitution, design ing to reduce it to a level with the other pro vinces long since deprived of all freedom, and to unite all in a common sink of slavery.— Foiled in this effort by the untiring vigilance of the nation, it directed its endeavor to lame the power, and check the progress of Hunga ry, causing it to minister to the gain of the provinces of Austria, but only to the extent which enabled those provinces to bear the load of taxation with which the prodigality of the imperial house weighed them down; having first deprived them of all constitutional means of remonstrating against a policy which was not based upon the welfare of the subject, but solely tended to maintain despotism and crush liberty in every country of Europe. It has frequently happened that the Hunga rian nation, in despite of this systematized ty ranny,has been obliged to take up arms in self defence. Although constantly victorious in these constitutional struggles, yet so moderate has the nation ever been in its use of the victo ry, so strongly has it confided in the King’s plighted word, that it has ever laid down arms as soon as the King by new compacts and fresh oaths has guaranteed the duration of its rights and liberty. But every new compact was fu tile as those which pr<*ceded it: each oath which fell from the royal lip was but a renew al of previous perjuries. The policy of the House of Austria, which aimed at destroying the independence of Hungary as a state, has been pursued unaltered lor three hundred years. It was in vain that the Hungarian nation shed its blood for the deliverance of Austria whenever it was in danger ; vain were all the sacrifices which it made to serve the interests of the reigning house ; in vain <1 id it, on the wound which the pa ' inflicted the fidelity cherished by Ahe Hungarians for their king, and which, in moments of danger, assumed a character of devotion ; all were in vain. in spite of treacherous treatment, the Hun garian nation has respected the lie by which it was united to this dynasty ; and in now de creeing its expulsion from the throne, it acts under the neutral law of self-preservation, be ing driven to pronounce this sentence by the full conviction that the House of Hapsburg* Lorraine, is compassing the destruction of Hungaryasan independent state; and that this dynasty has been the first to tear the bands by which it was united to th® Hungarian na tion. For many causes a nation is justified, before God and man, in expelling a reigning dynasty. Amongst such are the following:— 1. When it forms alliances with the enemies of the country, with robbers, or partisan chief tains, to oppress the nation. 2. When it at tempts to annihilate the independence of the country and its constitution, guaranteed by oaths, attacking with an armed force the peo ple who have committed no act of revolt. 3 When the integrity of a country which the sovereign has sworn to maintain is violated, and its power diminished. 4. When foreign armies are employed to murder the people and to oppress their liberties. Each ofthe grounds here enumerated would justify the exclusion of a dynasty from the throne. But the House of Hapsburg Lor raine—unexampled in the compass of its per juries, has committed all of these crimes a gainst the nation; und it® determination to ex tinguish the independence of Hungary has been accompanied with a succession of crimi nal acts, comprising robbery, destruction of property by fire, murder, maiming and per sonal ill-treatment of all kinds, besides setting the fundamental laws of the country at defi ance, so that humanity will shudder when reading this blackened page of history. The main impulse to this recent unjustifiable course was the passing of the laws adopted in the Diet of 1847-’4B for the better protection of the constitution of the country. These laws provided numerous reforms in the inter nal government of the country, by which the abolition of servile services and of the tithe were decreed; a fair representation guaranteed to the people tn the Diet, whose constitution was before that exclusively aristaeratical; equality before the law proclaimed ; the privilege of exemption from taxation abolished; freedom cf the press pronounced; and to stem the torrent of abuses, public trial by jury established. Notwithstand ing that, as a consequence of the French February Revolution, troubles broke out in every province of the Austrian empire, and the reigning dynasty was left without support, the Hungarian nation was too generous at such a moment to demand new privileges, and contented itself with enforcing the adminis tration of its old rights upon a system of min isterial responsibility, and with maintaining them and the independence of the country, against the often renewed and perjured at tempts of the crown. These right®, and tne independence sougkito be maintained, were, however, no new acquisition, but were what the King, by his oath, and according to law, was bound to sustain, and which had not, in the slightest degree been affected by the rela tion in which Hungary stood to the provinces ofthe empire. In point of fact, Hungary and Transylvania were never incorporated into the Austrian empire, but formed a separate independent kingdom, even after the adoption of the Prag matic Sanction, by which the same law of suc cession was adopted for Hungary which ob tained in the countries and provinces oi Aus tria The clearest proof of this legal fact is fur nished by the law’ incorporated into the act of the Pragmatic Sanction, and which stipulates and guarantees that the territory of Hungary and its dependencies, as well as its indepen-? dence, self dependence, constitution, and priv ileges, shall remain inviolate. Another proof is contained in the stipula tion of the Pragmatic Sanction, according to which the heir of the crown only becomes le gally King of Hungary upon the conclusion of a coronation treaty with the nation, and upon his swearing to maintain the constitution and the laws ot the country, whereupon he is to be crowed with the crown of St. Stephens. Leopold 11. was obliged, before ascending the Hungarian Throne,to enter into thecoronation compact, to take the oa'h.and to let himselfbe crowned. On this occasion it was distinctly declared in Art 10, 1790, sanctioned upon oath by the King, that Hungary was a free and independent country, and not subordinate to any other State or people whatever, conse quently that it was to be governed by its own customs and laws. The same oath was taken on his accession to the throne by Ferdinand V, who at the Diet, held at Presburg last year, of bis own free will sanctioned the laws that were passed, but who, soon after, breaking that oath, entered into a conspiracy with other members of the fami ly, with the intent of erasing Hungary from the list of independent nations. Still liie Hungarian nation, preserved with useless piety its loyalty to its perjured sovereign and during March, last year, while the empire was on the brink oi destruction, while its ar mies in Italy suffered defeat, and he in bis im perial palace had to fear at any moment that he might be driven from it. Hungary did not take advantage of this favorable moment to make increased demands ; it asked only that its constitution might be guaranteed, and those abuses rectified—a constitution to maintain which fourteen kings of the Austrian dynasty had sworn a solemn oath, which every one of them had broken. When the king undertook to guarantee those ancient rights, and gave his sanction to the es tablishment of a responsible ministry, the Hun garian nation flew enthusiastically to his support, and rallied its might around his tottering throne. At that eventful crisis, as at so many others, the house of Austria was saved by the fidelity of the Hungarians. Scarcely, however, had this oath fallen from his lips when he conspired anew with his fam ily, the accomplices of his crime, to compass the destruction of the Hungarian nation. This conspiracy did not take place on the ground that any new privileges were conceded by the recent laws which diminished the royal authori ty. The conspiracy was formed to get rid of the responsible ministry, which made itimpos sible for the Vienna cabinet to treat the Hun garian cabinet any longer as a nullity. The first step of this course was the issuing of orders during the existence ofthe ministry, directing an Austrian General to rise in rebel lion against the laws of the country, and the nomination of the same General Ban of Croa tia, a province belonging to the kingdom of Hungary. Croatia and Slavonia were chosen as the seat of military operations in this rebel lion, because the military organization of those countries promised to present the greatest num ber of disposable troops; it was also thought that since those countries had for centuries been excluded from the enjoyment of constitu tional rights, and subjected to a military organ ization in the name ofthe Emperor, they would easily be induced to rise at his bidding. Croatia and Slavonia were further chosen to begin this rebellion, because in those coun tries the inhuman policy of Prince Metternich had, with a view to the weakening of all par ties, for years cherished hatred against the Hun garian nation. By exciting in every possible manner the national jealousies aud by employing the most disgraceful means, he had succeeded hi inflamingu party with rage, although the Hungarians, far from desiring to oppress the Croatians, allowed the most unre strained development to their provincial insti tutions, and shared their political rights with their Croatian and Slavonian brethren, even going to the length of sacrificing some of those, by acknowledging special privileges and im munities in those dependencies. The Ban, therefore, in tne name of the Em peror, rebelled openly against the King of Hungary, who was then one and the same per son ; and he went so far as to decree the sepa ration of Croatia and Slavonia from Hungary, with which they had been united for eight hun dred years, as well as to incorporate them with the Austrian empire. Public opinion and un doubted facts, threw the blame of these pro ceedings on the Archduke Louis, uncle to the Emperor, on his brother, the Archduke Fran cis Charles, and especially on the consort of the last named Prince, the Archduchess Sophia; and since the Banin this act of rebellion openly alleged that he acted as a faithful subject of the Emperor, the ministry of Hungary request ed their sovereign by a public declaration to wipe off the stigma which these proceedings threw upon the family. At that moment as fairs were not prosperous for Austria in Italy ; the Emperor, therefore, did proclaim that the Ban and his associates were guilty of high trea son, and of exciting to rebellion. But while publishing this edict, the Ban and his accom plices were covered with favors at Court, and supplied for their enterprise with money, arms, and ammunition. The Hungarians, confiding in the royal proclamation, and not wishing to provoke a civil conflict, did not hunt out those proscribed traitors in their lair, and only adopt ed measures for checking any extension of the rebellion. But soon afterwards the inhabitants of South Hungary, of Servian race, were ex cited to rebellion by precisely the same means. These were also declared by the King to be rebels, but were, nevertheless, like the others, supplied with money, arms, and ammunition. The King’s commissioned officers and civil servants enlisted bands of robbers in the prin cipality of Servia to strengthen the rebels, and aid them in massacreingthe peaceable Hunga rian and German inhabitants of the Banat. The command of these rebellious bodies was further intrusted to the rebel leaders of the Croatians. During this rebellion ofthe Hungarian Ser vians, scenes of outrage were witnessed at which the heart shudders; the peaceful inhabi tants were tortured with a cruelty which makes the hair stand on end. Whole towns and vil lages, once flourishing, were laid waste. Hun garians fleeing before these murderers were reduced to the condition of vagrants and beg gars in their own country ; the most lovely districts were converted into a wilderness. Thus were the Hungarians driven to self defence, but the Austrian Cabinet had despatch ed some time previously the bravest portion of the national troops to Italy, to oppress the kingdoms of Lombardy and Venice. The greater part of the Hungarian regiments were, according to the old system of Government, scattered through the other provinces of the Empire. The troops quartered in Hungary itself were mostly Austrian, and they afforded more protection to the rebels than to the laws, or to toe internal peace of the country. The withdrawal of these troops, and the re turn from Italy of the national militia, was de manded of the Government, but was either refused or its fulfilment delayed, and when our brave comrades, on hearing the distress of the country, returned in masses, they were per secuted, and some, obliged to yieldjo superior force, were disarmed and sentenced to death for having sought to defend their country against rebels. The Hungarian Ministry begged the King earnestly to issue orders to all troops and com manders of fortresses in Hungary, enjoining fidelity to the constitution, and obedience to the Ministers of Hungary. Such a proclamation was sent to the Palatine, the Viceroy of Hun gary, and Archduke Stephen, at Buda. The ne cessary despatches were written and put in the Post Office But this nephew of the King, the Archduke Palatine, shamelessly caused these letters to be smuggled back from the Post Of fice, although they had been countersigned by the responsible Ministers, end they were after wards found amongst his papers when he treacherously fled from the country. The rebel Ban menaced the Hungarian coast with an attack, and the Government, with the King's consent, sent an armed corps into Sty ria for the defence of Fiume; but this whole force received orders to march into Italy. Yet such abominable treachery was declared by the Vienna cabinet, a misunderstanding. The rebel force occupied Fmme, and disu nited it from the kingdom of Hungary; this abominable deception was disavowed by the Vienna cabinet as having been a misunder standing; the furnishing of arms, ammunition and money to the rebels of Croatia was also declared to have been a misunderstanding. At length instructions were issued to the effect that the army and the commanders ot fortresses were not to follow the orders of the Hungarian Ministers, but were to execute those of the Aus trian cabinet. Hungary, unprepared with money, arms and troops, and not expecting to be called on to make resistance, was entangled in a net of treachery, and was obliged to defend itself a gainst this threatened annihilation with the aid of volunteers, national guards and an undiscip lined unarmed levy “en masse,” aided by the few regular troops which remained in the coun try. In open battles the Hungarians have, however, been successful, but they could not rapidly enough put down the Servian rebels, and those of the military frontier, who were led by officers devoted to Austria, and were enabled to take refuge behind entrenched po sitions. It was necessary to provide a new armed force. The King, still pretending to yield to the undeniably lawful demands ofthe nation, had summoned a new Diet for the 2nd July, 1848, and had called upon the representatives of the nation to provide soldiers and money for the suppression of the Servian and Croa tian rebellion, and the re-establishcnent of public peace. He at the same time issued a solemn procla mation in his own name, and in that of his family, condemning and denouncing the Croatian and Ser vian rebellion. The necessary steps were taken by the diet. A levy of 200,000 men, and a subsidy of 40,000,000 of fl »rins were voted as the neceesiry force, and the bills were laid before the King for the royal sanction. At the same moment the Hungarians gave an unexampled proof of their loyally, by invi ting the King, who had fled to Innspruck, to go to Pesth, and by his presence tranquilize the people, trusting to the loyalty ofthe Hungarians, who had shown themselves at all times the best supports of the throne. This request was proffered in vain, for Radefzski bad in the mean time been victorious in Italy. The house of Lorraine-Hapsburg, restored to confidence by that victory, thought the time come to throw off the mask and to involve Hungary, still bleeding from past wounds, in the horrors of a fresh war of oppres sion The King from that moment began to address the man whom be himself had branded as a rebel, as “dear and loyal.” (Lieber Getreer;) he praised him for having revolted, and encouraged him to pro ceed in the path he had entered upon. He expressed a like sympathy for the Servian re ? Leis, whMe han h yet reeked from the massacres they had perpetrated. It was under his command that the Ban of Croatia, after being proclaimed as a rebel, assembled an army, and announced his com mission from the King to carry fire and sword into Hungary. The Austrian troops stationed in the coun try united with him. The commandants of the for tresses, Essek and Temeswar, and the commanders ofthe forces in the Banat and in Transylvania, break in* their oaths taken to the country, treacherously sur rendered their trusts; a Slovak clergyman with the commission of colonel, who had fraternized in Vien na with the revolted Czechs, broke into Hungary, and the rebel Croat leader advanced with con'idenee, through an unprepared country, to occupy its capi tal, expecting that the array in Hungary would not oppose him. Even then the Diet did not give up al! confidence in the power of the royal oath, and the King was once more requested to order the rebels to quit the country. The answer given was a reference to a manifesto of the Austrian ministry, declaring it to be their deter mination to deprive the Hungarian nation of the in dependent management of their financial, commercial, I’ and war affairs. The King at the same time refused his to the laws submitted for approval respect in* the troops and the subsidy for covering the ex ’ penditure. Upon this the Hungarian ministers resigned, but | the names submitted by the President of the Council, at the demand of the King, were not approved of for I successors. The Diet then, bound by its duty to se cure the interests of the country, voted the supplies, i and ordered the troops to be levied. The nation obey ed the call with readiness. The representatives of the people then summoned the nephew of the Emperor to join the camp, and as Palatine to lead the troops against the rebels. He not ’ o ily obeyed the summons, but made public professions of his devotion to the cause. As soon, however, as an ' engagement threatened, he fled secretly from the * camp and the country like a coward traitor. Amongst i his papers a plan formed by him some time previous i 4 y was found, according to which Hungary was to be r mullaneousiy attacked on nin« sides at once —from Styria, Austria, Moravia, Silesia, Galicia, and Tran sylvania, From a correspondence with the minister of war, seized at the same time, it was discovered that the commanding generals in the military frontier and the Austrian provinces adjoining Hungary had received orders to enter Hungary, and to support the rebels with their united forces. This attack from nine points at once really began. The most painful aggression took place in Transyl vania, for the traitorous commander in that district did not content himself with the practices considered lawful in war by disciplined troops. He stirred up the Wallachian peasants to take arms against their own constitutional rights, and, aided by the rebellious Servian hordes, commenced a course of Vandalism and extinction, sparing neither women, children, nor aged men ; murdering and torturing the oe/enccless Hungarian inhabitants ; burning the most flourishing villages, and towns, and among them reducing Nagy- Enyed, the seat of learning for Transylvania, to a heap ofruins. But the Hungarian nation, although taken by sur prise, unarmed and unprepared, did not abandon its future prospects iu any agony of despair. Measures were immediately taken to increase the small standing army by volunteers and the levy of the people. These troops, supplying the want of expe rience by the enthusiasm arising from the feeling that they had right on their side, defeated the Croatian armamentsand drove them from the country. One of their leaders appealed, after an unsuccess ful fight, to the generosity of the Hungarians for a truce, which he used by night, and surreptitiously to escape with his beaten troops; the other corps, of more than 10,000 men, was surrounded and taken prisoners, from the General to the last private. The defeated army fled in the direction of Vienna, where the Emperor continued his demoralizing policy, and nominated the beaten and flying rebel as his plenipotentiary and substitute in Hungary, suspend ing, by this act, the constitution and institutions of the country, all its authorities, courts of justice and tribunals, laying the kingdom under martial law, and placing in the hand of, and under the unlimited authority of, a rebel, the honor, the property, and the lives of the people—in the hand of a man who, witß armed bands, had braved the laws, and attacked the cdhsiitution of the country. But the Hnttse of Austria was not corrieated with this unj jstifiable violation of oaths taken by its head. The rebellious Ban was taken under the protection ofthe troops stationed near Vienna and commanded by Prince Windischgratz. These troops, after taking Vienna by storm, were led as an Imperial Austrian army to conquer Hungary. But the Hungarian na tion, persisting in its loyalty, sent an envoy to the advancing enemy. This envoy, coming under a flag of truce, was treated as a prisoner, and thrown into prison. No heed was paid to the remonstrances and the demands of the Hungarian nation for justice. The threat of the gallows was, on the contrary, thun dered against all who had taken arms in defence of a wretched and oppressed country. But befere the army had time to enter Hungary, a family revolution in the tyrannical reigning House was perpetrated at Olmutz. Ferdinand V. was forced to resign a throne which had been polluted with so much blood and per jury, and the son of Francis Charles, (who also abdi cated his claim to the inheritance,) the youthful Arch duke Francis Joseph, caused himself to be proclaim ed Emperor of Austria and King of Hungary. But according to the family compact, no one can dispose of the constitutional throne but the Hungarian nation. At this critical moment the Hungarian nation de manded nothing more than the maintenance of its laws and institutions and peace guaranteed by their integrity. Had the assent of the nation to this change in the occupant of the throne been asked in a legal manner, and the young Prince offered to take the customary oath that he would preserve the constitu tion, the Hungarian nation would not have refused to elect him kingin accordance with the treaties extant, and before he had dipped his hand in the blood ofthe people, toplace on his head St. Stephen’s crown. He, however, refusing to take an oath, so sacred in the eyes of God and man, and in strange contrast to the innocence natural to youthful breasts, declared in his first words his intention to conquer Hungary (which he dared to call a rebellious country, although he himself had raised rebellion there) and deprive it of that independence which it had maintained fora thousand years—to incorporate it into the Austrian monarchy. And he has but too well labored to keep his word. He ordered the army under Windisehgratz to enter Hungary, and, at the same time directed several corps of troops to attack the country from Galicia and Sty ria. Hungary resisted the projected invasion, but being unable to make head against so many attacks at once, on account of the devastation carried on in several parts of the interior by the excited rebels, and being thus prevented from displaying its whole power of defence, the troops were in the first instance obliged to retire. To save the capital from the horrors of a storm like that to which Prague and Vienna had mercilessly been exposed, and not to place the fortunes of a na tion on the die of a pitched battle, for which prepara tion had not been made, the capital was abandoned, and (he Diet and Government removed in January last to Debreczin, trusting to the help of a just God, and to the energies of the nation, to prevent the cause from being lost, even when it should be seen that the capital was given up. Thanks be to Heaven, the cause was not lost! But even then an attempt was made to bring about a peaceful arrangement, and a deputation was sent to the generals of the perjured dynasty. This house, in its blind self-confidence, refused to enter into any negotiation, and dared to demand an unconditional submission from the nation. The deputation was further detained, and one of the number, the former president of the ministry, was even thrown into pri son. The deserted capital was occupied, and was turned into a place of execution ; a part of the pri soners of war were there consigned to the axe, an other part were thrown into dungeons, while the re mainder were exposed to the fearful sufferings from hunger, and afterwards forced to enter the ranks of the army in Italy. The measure of the crimes of the Austrian house was, however, filled, when—after its defeat—it ap plied for help to the Emperor of Russia ; and, in spite of the remonstrances and protestations of the Porte, and of the consuls of the European powers at Bucha rest, in defiance of international rights, and to the endangering of the balance of power in Europe, caused the Russian troops stationed in Wallachia to be led into Transylvania, for the destruction of the Hungarian nation. Three months ago we were driven back upon the Thesis; our just arms have already recovered all Transylvania; Uiausenburg, Hermanstadt, and Cron stadt are taken ; one portion of the troops of Austria is driven into the Bukowina, another, together with the Russian force sent to aid them, is totally defeated, and to the last man obliged to evacuate Transylvania, and to flee into Wallacia. Upper Hungary is clear ed of foes. The Servian rebellion is further suppressed ; the forts of St. Thomas and the Roman entrenchment have been taken by storm, and the whole country be tween the Danube and the Theiss, including the coun ty of Baes has been recovered from the nation. The commander-in-chief of the perjured House of Austria has himself been defeated in five consecutive battles, and has with his whole army been driven back upon and even over the Danube. Basing our conduct upon ail these occurrences, and confiding in the justice of an eternal God, we, in the lace of the civilized world—in relying upon the na tural rights of the Hungarian nation, and upon the power it has developed to maintain them —further im pelled by that sense of duty which urges every na tion to defend its existence—do hereby declare and proclaim in the name of the nation, legally represent ed by us, the following:— Ist. Hungary, with Transylvania, as legally uni ted with it, and the possession and dependencies, are hereby declared to constitute a free and independent sovereign state. The territorial un ; ty of this state is declared to be inviolable, and its territory to be in divisible. 2d. The House of Hapsburg-Lorraine—having, by treachery, perjury, and levy of war against the Hun garian nation, as well as by its outrageous violation of ail compacts, in breaking up the integral territory of the state, in the separation of Transylvania, Croatia, Slavonia, Fiume, and its districts, from Hungary further, by compassing the destruction of the inde pendence of the country by arms, and bv calling in the disciplined army ot a foreign power, for the pur pose of annihilating its nationality, by violation, both of the Pragmatic Sanction and of treaties concluded between Austria and Hungary, on which the alli ance between the two countries depended—is, as treacherous and perjured, for ever excluded fro.n the throne of the united states of Hungary and Tran sylvania, and all their possessions and dependencies. This house is, therefore, declared to be deposed, de graded, and banished for ever from the Hungarian territory. 31. The Hungarian nation, in the exercise of its rights and sovereign will, being determined to as sume the position of a free and independent state amongst the nations of Europe, declares it to be its intention to establish and maintain friendly and neighborly relations with those states with which it was formerly united under the same sovereign, as well as to contract alliances with all other nations. 4tb. The form of government to be adop ed for the future, will be fixed by the Diet of the nation. But until this point shall be decided, in such a man ner as to secure the firmest guarantees for the liberty of the people, the government of the United Coun tries is confided (under the obligation to render an account of all his acts,) to Louis Kossuth, who, by the unanimous approbation of the Diet, has been proclaimed responsible President of the Hungarian States. And these resolutions we proclaim to all the nations of the civilized world, with the full conviction that the Hungarian nation will be received by them in the family of free and independent nations, with tbe same friendship and ready acknowledgment of its rights which tbe Hungarians proffer to others. We also hereby proclaim and make known to all the inhabitants of the united states. Hungary and Transylvania, their possessions and dependencies, that all authorities, communes, towns, and civil offi cers, are completely released from all the obligations under which they stood, by oath or otherwise, to the said House of Hapsburg, and that any individual daring to contravene this decree, and by word or deed in any way aidi- gor abetting its violation, shall be treated and punished a? guilty of high treason. And by the publication of this decree, we hereby bind and obliae al! the inhabitants of these countries to obe dience to the Government now instituted formally, and endowed with all necessary legal powers. Debreczin, April, 1849. Melancholy Accident.—The Charleston Mercury says: “We learn from a passenger on the cars, who arrived in this city yesterday, that a distressing accident happened on Saturday morning la>»t. about twelve miles above Union Point, near the Road to Athens. An itinerant showman was exhibiting some of his sea’s in a grove near the road, and among the spectators was a young lady, who had been driven in a carriage to the scene of amusement, by a gen tleman who had left her side for a few minutes while he attended to the transaction of some business which required his attention. The cars from Athens to Augusta passing down just at the moment, frightened the horses, and they ran with full speed into the adjoining woods, dashing the carriage against a tree, and causing the instantaneous death of the unfortu nate lady. “ We were not able to learn the name, but we sympathise deeply with her friends in their sudden bereavement.” It is again our painful duty to announce the death of a highly estimable and valuable mem ber of our community. John L. Pezant, E-q. departed this life at Glenn Springs, on the eve ning of the 21st inst. aged 69 years, for more than 50 of which he was an active, enterprising, and useful citizen ofCharleston. His sterling virtues, his kindliness of heart, and his unaffec ted simplicity of department, secured him the respect and esteem of numerous warm and at tached friends, who will long cherish his mem ory.—Ch. Mtr. Catholic Churches. The Milwaukie Sentinel states that Bishop Henri has purchas ed eight lots in that city for the site of a Catho lic college. VuL.LXIH—NEW SERIES VOL.XIII-NO, 35. SATURDAY MORNING, AUG. 25,1849. Increased Conanmptlon ot Cotton Goode. Thu London correspondent of the National Intelligencer gives from official returns an in teresting statement of the quantities of printed, dyed and plain calicoes exported during the first six months in the years 1845-’4B, and ’49, respectively. The figures are quite instruc tive to one who has a taste for studying the consumption of calicoes and plain cotton goods by different nations. A moment’s reflection will satisfy any one that the ability of a nation or a tribe of semi-savages to consume goods of any kind, is limited by its means of paying for such goods, or by the productiveness of its in dustry. Thus, the table before us shows that the inhabitants on the coast of Africa purchased of British calicoes, 1.289,968 yards during the first six months in 1845 ; 3,593,949 yards dur ing a similar period in 1848; and 5,852,447 yards in the first six months of the present year. These figures show a consumption increased four fold in as many years by the people of Africa. Their productive industry, civilization with its wants, are advancing with extraordi nary rapidity. That immense continent is thought to contain some sixty millions of souls. Away will be opened by a good Providence to humanize these rude savages, and render their elevating labor serviceable alike to themselves and the commercial world. Turkey and the Levant purchased about fif teen millions of yards of English calicoes io J o of 1849. Here ia an increase of some seventy percent, in four years. No other nation in the world is so prosper ous as the United States. Our industry, skill, economy and boundless fertile lands give us the means of paying for and consuming an un equalled amount of foreign goods, per capita. During the first six months of 1845 we took 8,802,634 yards of British calicoes. During a similar period last y ear we took 19,220,121 yards. This year up to the first of July, our imports of this character amount to 24,724,232 yards. Throwing out of view all the other uses to which cotton is applied, the annual con sumption of cotton shirts and calico dresses by the human family, would show the progress of civilization, of Christianity, inland and maritime commerce very correctly over the whole globe. Looking to England as the centre of manufac turing and commercial industry we find that in 1845 the total amount of exports of printed and dyed cottons during the first six months was 153,338,502 yards. In 1849, during the same period, 196,395,897 yards ; an increase of more than twenty-five per cent. The increase to the United States was nearly 16,000,000 yards ; that to Turkey more than 9,000,000. In the exports of plain calicoes, the increase has also been very great. During the first six months of last year 252,845,726 yards were exported. During the same period of this 345,760.822 yards, sho wing an increase of 92 918,096 yards, principally in shipments to Brazil, Buenos Ayres, Egypt, India, China, Trieste, Turkey, and the Levant. Os cotton yarn, the quantity exported from January Ist to July Ist, 1849, was 58,606,904 lbs., an increase over last year of 11,832,091 lbs. Whilst we should rejoice at the prosperity of ail nations, not less on their account than our own, it becomes us to study closely our inter ests in feeding as well as clothing, all that lack food not less than cotton. We have only to diversify our productive industry a little more, to keep the market value of our great staple at a price which will yield a round profit on its production. To this point the attention of sen sible planters will be constantly directed. They should encourage the spinning of cotton yarn for export, with a view to induce thous ands of hands now employed in growing this crop to be withdrawn and labor to make grain, meat, potatoes, butter, cheese, and wool for men and women at work in factories and me chanic shops. Ten thousand operatives in Georgia will consume more of its breadstuffs and provisions than a million in Europe. It is true that the productive industry of three hundred millions in China is worth something to us ; but to enrich us in tho highest degree, the wealth created by human muscles and intel lect should be in our own State. From the Macon Journal Messenger. A Word to the Whig®. We commend to the special attention of the Whigs, in all those counties where divisions are prevailing in our ranks, the exultation of the Telegraph in its issue of the 14th inst: “ We have the most cheering accounts,” says our neighbor, “ from every part of tbe State, and nothing can prevent us from achieving a great and glorious victory on the first Monday in October, provided our friends will all goto work manfully for tbe Democrat ic candidates in every county.” We have no such “ cheering accounts” to give to our Whig friends; but, on the contra ry, wo feel humiliated in making the acknow ledgement, that from present prospects, we shall be shamefully beaten. Information re ceived from various sections of the State, leaves no doubt of the distracted, disorganized condition of the Whig party. Wo may be charged with imprudence in making this dis closure, but candor requires it. As sentinels of the Whig party, it is our duty to warm them of the danger to which they are exposed ; and we now tell them, that unless their divis ions are healed, inevitable defeat awaits them. Our remarks are intended to apply to tho elec tion of members of the Legislature—in regard to our candidate for Governor, we still have a hope of electing him; but the divisions in our ranks for members of the Legislature, will also materially affect his prospects. It were vain to attempt to conceal it—concealment of the dan ger which threatens us, will not remove it. And what is most humiliating of all, is the fact that these divisions in our party are entire ly about men—a mere squabble —but a disgrace ful and shameful one—about who shall be can didates. We would not needlessly wound the feelings of a single Whig in the State ; we would not knowingly do an act, or say a word to drive one from our ranks; but we feel con strained to say, and duty requires us to say it, that when our party have made a regular nom ination for the Legislature, we cannot regard any Whig, who opposes it merely on personal grounds, as true and reliable. If our candi dates are good, sound Whigs —of unexception able moral character, and of ordinary intelli gence, no Whig can justify himself in oppos ing their election. Stick to your regular nom inations, is the only way to preserve the integ rity of your party —a contrary course will be attended with disorganization and defeat. The Telegraph further says—“ The present elec tion is one in which the raost important interests o! the people of the State, nay, of the whole Union at are involved and then follow charges against Gen. Taylor, of abandonment of the South, and of falsifying his promises; and the question is asked, “ Will the people of Georgia bear these indignities?” Here is a direct appeal to the people of this State to show their condemnation of Gen. Taylor in the result of the pending elections. Whigs of Georgia, are you prepared to do it? Nay, are you prepared to permit it, by your apathy and indifference? Are you prepared to give your sanction to the declaration that Gen. Taylor has abandoned the South ? Are you ready to charge him with falsehood, be cause he has appointed men from your own ranks to office, in the place of politicians, who have been his and your bitter reviler® ? For years past, Whigs have been insultingly ex cluded from all offices in the gift of the Presi dent—now, when one occupies the Presiden tial chair, who is willing to doyour party jus tice, and give Whigs a part of the offices of tbe country, are you prepared to suffer the charge of falsehood to be fixed on him for so doing? If you are prepared for all this, con tinue your present divisions,and soon will you hear, ringing throughout the Union, the shout of triumph over his condemnation ; soon will it be said of you, too, that you helped to elect a president, and then, like a capricious child, condemned without cause, and without a trial. But we expect belter things from the Whigs of Georgia. We feel assured that they will throw their divisions to the winds, and rally as one man, to rescue their Chief Magistrate from the condemnation which his bitter, unrelenting enemies are seeking to bring upon him. We know that through him their dearest rights are assailed; and if they do not sustain him, they will prove recreant to themselves. When he is denounced by Free Soilers, Abolitionists and 1 Northern Democrats, for “lending his name and influence to be used for th* benefit of the slave power,” will Southern Whigs de- serl him, and not put form one effort to eudtain and strengthen his administration ? and this, too, merely because they are divided as to the candidates for the Legislature? Will they'suf fer Democracy to put down a Southern Presi dent, when the consequence will be, that Free Democracy will appoint his successor ? No! never!! If they do, they will cease to be Georgia Whigs. “Bo Southron still to Southron true, Among ourselves united; For never, but by Southern hands, Shall Southern wrongs be righted.” First Bale of New Cotton.—A bale of new Cotton, from the plantation of Doct. Ed ward T. Ltnah, Os Warren county, was re ceived yesterday morning at the warehouse of Dawson & Crocker; quality Fully Fair, and sold at 11| cente. Something of a Snake.—Mr. Thos. M. Brown of Camak, writes us that he recently killed a rattle-snake six feet one inch in length, thirteen inches in circumference and having fifteen rattles. His stomach contained a full grown cat squirrel. Correspondence Macon Journal $ Messenger Manufacturers’ Convention. Stone Mountain, Ga., Aug. 17. 1849. Gentlemen: The Manufacturers’Convention assembled at this place yesterday evening, and organized by calling Dr. C. Rogers, of Upson, to the Cbiar, and appointing John S. Linton, of Athens. Secretary. The following Manufacturing Companies, were found to be represented, viz: factories. Represented by Capital. Newton John Webb, 330,000 ThomastonDr. C. Rogers, 32.000 Roswell,G. H. Cat up, N. A. Pratt, 100,000 Troup Thomas Leslie, 40,000 Augusta,-.W. M. D’Antignac, 200,000 Cartwright* •••*J. Cunningham, G. Moore, 100,000 Bowensvilie • * - • John Bowen, 30 000 Planter’s, H. P. Kirkpatrick, J. Hill, 50 000 Flint River- *.. .George Moore, 50,000 Howard * Harvey Hall, E. T. Taylor, 100,000 HoustonD. W. Parr, 22,000 Eatonton.A. D. Gatewood, 75.000 High Shoals • • • • Isaac Powell, 44,000 Athens,John S. Linton, 92,000 Alcovey.Hugh White, 14,000 Milledgeville • • *R. G. Nickols, 90,0< 0 Lawrenceville • • J. M. Gordon, 41,000 Macon,.R. Collins, J. A. Nisbet and S. T. Chapman 100,000 Savannah Sash •* Charles Van Horn, 10,000 Total Capita 1,31,220,000 Total Companies, 19—Delegates, 25. On motion of W. M. D’Antignac, Mr. S.T. Chapman was requested to state the objects of the meeting and the circumstances which led to its call. Mr. C. stated that the original sugges tion touching the movement had been made by Mr. Allen McWalker, of Upson county, since deceased, that iMr. McW. had called the atten tion of Manufacturers to the importance of some greater concert of action, and also to the necessity of establishing some common depot for the exhibition and sale of their goods.— These views had been so fully expressed by Mr. McWalker in an article which had appear ed in the columns of the Journal & Messenger of Macon, that it was’ deemed unnecessary to do more than refer to them. After some further conference, on motion of the Rev. N. A. Pratt, it was Resolved, That a committee of five be appointed to report some general place for a future organisation of the convention. The committee appointed were M essrs N. A. Pratt, of Roswell, W. M. D’Antignac, Augusta, R. J. Nickols, Milledgeville, S. T. Chapman, Ma con, and John Cunningham, of Cartwright, who were instructed to report to an adjourned meeting at 4 P. M. this day. August 17th, 4 P. M. The Convention met pursuant to adjourn ment. The committee of five, through Mr. Chapman, submitted the following report, which was unanimously adopted ; The committee to whom was referred the consideration of the propriety of organizing a Manufacturers’ Association for the Stale of Georgia, having given the subject the reflection which their limited time would permit, beg leave to report, that by association and inter change of views and opinions, much good would result to this great and growing interest which now employs nearly three millions of capital, and which is rapidly developing the in dustry and enterprise of the State. They there fore present to the Convention, the following recommendations: 1. That an Association be immediately formed, to be styled the Manufacturing Association of Georgia. 2. That any company or individual engaged in manufacturing pursuits of any kind whatsoever, and paying the sum of five dollars per annum, shall be entitled to all the privileges and immunities of the As sociation. 3. That a committee of three be appointed to re porta more perfect plan of organization, to an adjourn ed meeting, to be held at Augusta, on the second Wednesday of October next; and that said commit tee be requested to open a correspondence with every Manufacturing Company in the State, urging the im portance of being represented n said adjourned con vention. 4. That the said delegates be respectfully request ed to present to said adjourned convention a complete iiistory of their respective establishments, embracing all particulars which may properly be laid before the public. 5. That the delegates from the Cotton and Wool len Manufactories, be particularly requested to fur nish not only the general history of their respective establishments, but also, The time when they commenced operations; The quantity of raw material annually consumed ; The number of spindles and looms employed ; The style and quantity of fabrics produced r The number, sex, color and mental and moral condi tion of the operatives, and all other statistical information, the publication of which would not be inconsistent with their respec tive interests. 6. That the convention proceed at once to the elec tion of n President and Secretary and Treasurer, to serve for the term of one year, or until their succes sors be chosen under the more perfect organization contemplated. Under the third recommendat ion of the committee, the following gentlemen were chosen as the commit tee of organization and correspondence, viz: W. M. D’Antignac, Henry W. Merrill and Dr. C. Rogers. Barrington King, Esq., of Roswell, was unani mously chosen President, and James Hope, of Au gusta, Secretary and Treasurer of the Association. The convention adjourned. CURRAN ROGERS, President. John S. Linton, Secretary. The following were found to be Factories. R Newton • Joi From the Savannah Republican. The Penitentiary.—Several intimations have been thrown out recently in regard to the mismanagement of this institution. It is sup posed by some that instead of defraying its ex penses. as it did under the administration of Gov. Crawford, an appropriation will have to be made by the next Legislature to meet its indebtedness. Such an impression is produc ed even by the Report of the Committee ap pointed to examine into its condition during the year when the Legislature .« not in session, which Committee is composed of a majority of Gov. Towns’friends, viz: John P. King, Dr. Philips, and Walter L. Mitchell. The Re port says: “ The Committee have now reached that point in their labors, where they fearfully apprehend any at tempt to shed light, may only serve to make the sur rounding darkness visible, viz: the true financial condition of the Penitentiary. ”* It seems that the “financial condition of the Penitentiary” is “surrounded with darkness.” This is is an ominious admission, coming as it does, from Governor Towns* own friends.— But this is not all. The Report adds : “ After spending considerable time in looking into the financial condition of the institution, we were un able to arrive at any thing precisely definite and con clusive.’’ The Committee spent “considerable time in looking over the financial condition cf the in stitution.” and still they “were unable to arrive at any thing precisely definite and conclusive.—- What is the cause of this? They are all men of intelligence and business habits, and a ma jority of them members of the Democratic party. No objection can be urged against their capacity, or the truthfulness of their re port. Why then is the “financial condition” of the institution shrouded in “darkness,” aud the Committee “unable to arrive at any thing definite and conclusive ?” The truth of the matter will be found to be, we apprehend, when a Whig Legis’ature has an opportunity to overhaul its booksand accounts, that the Penitentiary has been most shamefully mis managed. Instead of defraying expenses, the people will have to be taxed for its support.— An intelligent gentleman, writing upon this subject from Middle Georgia to the Dalton Eagle, says: “ I think I may add, hnwever, that no Adminis tration was ever 60 assailable in reference to the Peni tentiary, as the present. The present keeper, though a good old man, is inefficient and utterly unsuited to the discharge of his duties—he can’t manage any thing. The police is wretched, and if a true expose of the condition of the institution el this time could be published, 1 doubt not that the Slate would again, cut of her Treasury, have to pay up for its misman agement. It would have been to the interest of the people to have retained Redding, even at nn increas ed salary, bo as to save the public from the state of things which I have no doubt exists.” Speaking of the report of the Committee, the same writer says: “ It says but little—but it is very expressive as to the confused condition of the finances of the Penitentiary. Confusion is ever the cloak of bad management, and the proof of the existence of deficit.” Whig Nomination —lt gives us pleasure to announce on the authority of a private letter, that the difficulties m the Senatorial District of Laurens and Wilkinson, have been satisfactorily removed by the nomination of E. J. Blackshear, Esq. Mr. B. is a strong Whig, and will unite the party to a man. We shall have a Whig from this District, which we did not have at the last sessjon of the Legislature in consequence of party dissentions.— Savh. Rep. The semi annual sales of the Book Trade of New York and Philadelphia are to commence on the 27th inst. The catalogue extends to over 330 octavo pages, and includes an im mense collection of valuable works in the sev eral departments of liieraure, making the lar gest catalogue of the kind ever issued. The German populalion of N««Wk > B6 ’®?. o ’ of which 2.OVU are Roman Cathoics. T average number of regular visitors ol churches out of tne whole Protestant population of-UW, I is only five hundred.
