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Weekly ChrimUU. < wntme
. ?BY WILLIAM S. JONES.
B- Serins, &c.
THE WEEKLY
(chronicle AND SE N TIX E L
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CAugusta, ©co :
THURSDAY MORNING, NOV. 1, 1849.
Proftea.loual Kducatlon.
The prosperous condition of the Medical
Coliege in this city, encouragement
• given to the Law School of W. T. Gould, Esq..
suggest to us the practicability of maintaining
a University in Augusta. That so many young
gentlemen are compelled to go North or to Eu
io stujlyalutjaikjge and the practice of
■EngttiMiring, or remain poorly qualified toToT
Bow that profession at the South, an evil of
■to inconsiderable magnitude. Society has
■inly begun to construct canals for hydraulic
■mrposes, railways, and other costly works re
pairing the services of able engineers, in the
Southern States. The economical draining of
Swamps will at no distant day, be regarded as
■ matter of immense moment to the citizens of
Keorgia and South Carolina. A thoroughly
■dueated, practical Engineer would command
■he attendance of a large class in this city, he
Kiolditig a professorship in a University.
■ There are numerous sciences, a knowledge
■>f which would be highly serviceable to arti-
Kans, mechanics, manufacturers, merchants,
fcnd especially to farmers. These natural sci
ences are either quite neglected, or indifferent
ly ta'tght and studied at the literary institutions
■if the country. Without wishing to boast on
■he subject, we claim for the merchants, me
■hanics, manufacturers and farmers of Rich
■nond county a pre eminence, as a whole, in
Balent, industry and sound business capacity.
■By bringing in the aid of the professions of
■Law, Medicine and Divinity, we can discover
■no good reason why we may not establish and
■maintain a flourishing Institution to meet the
tjtdvanced educational wauls of an intelligent,
’and prosperous commonwealth. Richmond
bounty will do something for the benefit and
honor of the State of Georgia, if her Legisla
ture will aid a little in endowing professorships
in such departments of science, as best deserve
Legislative encouragement. Our enterprising
Wealthy citizens will ask the State for no money
to invest in brick, stone and mortar ; and they
will give dollar for dollar with the Legislature
for the permanent support of able men to dif
fuse the most useful knowledge as widely as
practicable, over the whole South.
J That a University would bean ornament to
our city, and greatly enhance the value of its
’ real estate, are facts obvious enough. Instead
of a few medical, law and academical students,
now brought here from a distance, there would
be four or five hundred the year round, with a
proportion of their parents and other
riends, either residing in or near Augusta, or
often visiting it for weeks at a time.
If we are not greatly mistaken, far more at
tention will soon be paid to the professional ed
ucation, not only of lawyers, doctors and cler
gymen. but of merchants, bankers, farmers and
m«,'' ’ All will admit that, a higher stand
ard ’’•V.-'wledge, in each of these pursuits, is
attainalte. Whatever is truly useful and at
tainable will be possessed, sooner or later.
is, that the citizens of Georgia will
uha in educate thnrnmrhLl
io all the natural and exact sciences, her
[young men, who are to cnltivate and improve
filer soil, prosecute all mechanical arts and all
1 professions, enact and administer all laws, and
maintain the high character, and defend the
just rights of their country. Much is due to
the Republican Institutions and the Country
which confer so many, so invaluable advanta
ges on the American people. How better can
we express our love of country, our attach
ment to its free institutions, than to do what
we may to improve all those, into whose keep
ing the destiny of the government is so soon,
and so certainly to be confided 1
Under our popular system of government,
there is but one way to protect life, liberty and
property; and dial is by developing aright the
Reasoning faculties, and the moral perceptions
Ks the masses, who rule the ballot box.
—' Superior Flour*
1 8. I). Liston A, Co. have conunenceil grind-
ing wheat in their mill, the operation of which
is highly satisfactory. Owing to the great in
jury sustained by the wheat crop in this region
before harvest, the proprietors of this valuable
establishment are importing wheat in quantities
from New York, and we believe from Balti
more. We have just examined this grain and
the flour made from it, attho mill. This latter
is equal to any manufactured at Rochester, or
by HiuiM Smith. Although the wheat came
from Western New York, is handsome and
£ good for seed, it contains a little chess. Most
of this, if uot all. can easily be removed before
planting by its floating on strong brine. Seed
wheat should not be soaked in brine over five
hours in this climate ; and it should be dried in
quick lime—usings half bushel of lime to one
of wheat. Sall and lime are serviceable in
more ways than one to this important crop.
Olilo--Agricultural Products.
I The Cincinnati Atlas gives the following ta-
I ble, showing the actual amount, as nearly as
I can be estimated, of the crop of Ohio last year
I and the rank which Ohio boars to other Slates,
as to that crop :
1849.
I Crops, Amount. Rank of Ohio,
I Wheat2o,ooo,ooo bushels Ist Slate.
I Oats3o 000 000 do Ist do.
I Indian Corn-•• -70.000.000 do 2d do.
I Hayl,l*oo.ooo tons 3d do.
Potatoes-. 5.000,000 bushels sth do.
WBuckwheat......l 500,000 do 3d. do.
j Rye--..... 2,900,000 bushels 4ih do.
ItS. The value of these large crops maybe ap
I thus:
[ Wheat -
f Indian Cara- .•••«••••••••••
Potatoesl,2s MIOO
Buckwheatl,ooo 000
‘ Rv01,500,000
Tobacco- 500,000
T0ta1>51,290,000
Over fifty millions of dollars was the value o
these crops alone. This was about the total value o
rtho cotton erop for 1848. Thus the agriculture
erep of a single State (Ohio) is worth the whole cot
toe crop,ol which so much is said, and so much
boosted!
Besides these, the cheese exported from O
hio is worth a million of dollars—and the
wool crop is worth two millions. Other arti
cles of considerable value might be enumera
ted.
Ths Soothxrn Msoical and SonaicaL
Jocß.vat. for November has been placed on
our tabic. In looking through its pages, we
flfttl that an unusual number of topics are dis
cussed, some of which are new and particular
ly worthy the attention of the profession. At
r the close of the present volume, the work is to
pass into the hands, or under the editorial man
agement of Dr I. P. Gaaviw of this city, who,
we doubt not. will ably sustain its character.
Medical men generally should feel an interest
in * periodical of this kiud. and lend a helping
hand to increase its circulation and its useful
ness.
Nsw Pkockss or miking Stckl.—An ap
plication ia pending before the Tennessee Le
gwlature for a charter, to organise a company
for the purpose of manti fact unng steel under
me patent lately granted to Messrs. Marcy A
•sham ofCouaecneut. We have seen a speet
••id to have been manufactured near Hart
lord, made by this process in less thin two
raid,v”*° *** F *- which ,n »PP«»t*" cs
ia *!*** w hich iu the stores is selling at
iX u ,cents per pound, whereas wo are
? K e *° he made bv the new process for
per pound - V-uaciik U>w>
Yankee Hill had an insurance of SSOOO on
is hie. wa ch g,e, lo hl ,
For the Chronicle and Sentinel.
Mobile and Ohio Railroad*
Messrs. Editors: Permit me to call the at
tention of your readers to the magnificent pro
ject for connecting the waters of the Gu.f with
the great valleys of the Ohio and Mississippi,
by means of a continuous line of railway, ex*
tending from the city of Mobile to Colum
bus, Kentucky. Although the proposed route
of this road passes only through the States of
Mississippi and Tennessee, and portions of
Alabama and Kentucky, a glance at the map
will show that its completion is of vast moment
to the entire South, nay, that it is of great na
tional importance.
I do not deem it necessary, in Georgia, to adduce
argumentative proof, of the immense advantages to
be derived from the proposed communication between
the West and the Gulf—for the experience of her en
terprising citizens, and her 640 miles of railway attest
in language stronger than words can express, the po
licy and profit of railroads. Neither is it my purpose
to narrate the history of the enterprise, or to expatiate
npon the country through which it is to pass, for
these have been ably recorded, and shonld be fami
liar to every friend of Southern enterprise and im
provement. It is rather my desire to invite the at
tention of contractors to the advertisement of the
Mobile and Ohio Railroad Company, for the * let
ting” of a part of the route, and by a brief notice of
the undertaking, to enlist, if possible, Georgia expe
rience and Georgia capital in its construction. The
•• lenings” are to take place on the Bth of December
next at the office of the company in Mobile. They
• are described to be for “ the graduation, masonry,
bridging, grubbing and clearing 0f62 miles, and for
the manufacture and delivery of track timber for 70
inilea of the routecf the Mobile and Ohio Railroad.”
Plans, profiles and specifications are now ready for
uispiction at the office of the company.
pjpt. Ghihie—the accomplished
(Chief Engineer of the appears (hat no pur
pion of the Union presents so great natural advantages/
'for die construction of a Rnilroid, as does the route
surveyed for the Mobile and Ohio road “ The coun
try through the whole distance”—l quote from Capt.
Childe—“ is of the secondary alluvial formation, ex
hibiting but few points of rock excavations, and those
of the softest kinds oflimestoae and sand stone. Its
surface is moderately undulating, but the road will
not, at its highest point, be over 650 to 700 feet above
the tide water at Mobile. Going South we hope to
have no gradients exceeding 30 feet to the mile, or
North, over 40 feel; and the shortest curve will not
be less than 1432 feet radius.” The length of the
road will be nearly 470 miles, the northern terminus
being about six miles below the mouth of the Ohio
Kentucky and Tennessee are impatiently awaiting
the completion nf the plansand profiles of the survey,
that they may commence their portion of the work, and
at Mobile, the ground is already broken. The music of
the pick and spade, and the industrial hum of 300
laborers—soon to be increased to sUo—in the vicinity
of the city, bear witness to the sincerity and deienni
nation of the ‘‘Directory.” The promptness with
which the stockholders respond to the call for the pay
ment of instalment, speaks their deep interest and
abiding confi 'ence in the success of the enterprise.
That the road will be built is no longer a question
for solution, and that its stock will be valuable any
one must see who will examine the subject with the
least attention. The extraordinary cheapness of its
estimated construction —the boundless fertility of the
country through which it is to pass—and the immense
travel and freight which will necessarily pass over it,
to say nothing of its trade-creative power, are all so
many combining causes which shall make invest
meaiß in this road unusually profitable.
Let us glance a moment at the railroad movements
now agitating the country, which bear upon it. A
strong movement is now making to connect the great
Oceans by a passage across Tehuar.t- pec. The open
ing of such a channel, sootier or later, is inevitable,
and this fact gives additional importance to the “ Mo
bile and Ohio” road. Again, this road will intersect
a railway, which is contemplated (and no one doub’s
will be built) to connect St. Louis and Cincinnati,
while immediately acrtx-M the river frutn its Northern
terminus, it strikes a road, which is to run from Cairo
to Chicago. 1 should trespass too much upon your
kindness, Me-ars. Editors, were 1 to attempt tn fol
low out the train of ideas which is forced upon the
mind by so grand a convergence of railroads. It
of>cns up a large and interesting field of thought,
which I hope your Trailers will be tempted to explore.
No one can fail to see that these intersecting roads
will add dignity and imp nance to the great trunk or
artery leading to the Gulf, and that through this
channel the vast surplus produce of the North and
West will seek the ports of the Pacific. The seventy
miles of the work now advertised, extend through
the pine woods ofAAlabamaa —a region perfectly healthy
at all seasons of the year, and is to be divided into
small sections.
Bidders can propose for one or more as they pre
fer. Payment* are to be made monthly. It is ‘ex
pected that 200 or 250 miles more of the route will
be put under contract before the jxirtion advertised is
completed.
It is to be hoped that contractors of experience in
Georgia, will give this subject attention, and we doubt
not they would find it profitable, were they disposed
tn compete the contracts fur letting. To men of sur
plus capital, no inure promising investment can be
offered than in the stock of this company, and every
friend of the “Union” has here an opportunity of
contributing his influence to bind the different sections
of our country together, with bonds more powerful
than constitutions, and ligaments more enduring than
political creeds. Yours, &c. Mcsile.
Augusta, Oct. 29, 1849.
From the N. O. Picayune, 20th ult.
Yucatan.—We received yesterday files of
180 illUFlUd UUTVIIU OIIILIUI »» ~
elusive.
The most important item of intelligence con
tained in these papers is that which announces
the death of Jacinto Pat, the leader of the In
dian insurgents in the peninsula. A letter in
the Boletin. of the ‘3d, states that after his quar
rel with the other chiefs, and retiring in dis
gust, he was pursued by Bonifacio Novelo, and
overtaken at the rancho of Holchen. on the
Baca la r road. Here he was means mated by the
Indians. It is further stated dial Pat, with two
hundred whites, and having a large quantity of
specie, was marching to place himself al the
disposal of the Yucateco Government and to
implore its pardon. The death of this celebra
led chieftain was the cause of much rejoicing
among the Indians, who have appointed the
following to constitute their Executive Govern
menu Bonifacio Novelo, Venancio Pec and
Fioratino Cham. Bonifacio has orderd all the
chiefs in the neighborhood of B icalar to unite
for the attack of the town of Santa Elena.—
Another letter in the Boletin, of the sth inst.,
states that Jacinto Pat was assassinated by the
Indians of the neighborhood of Valladolid, at
the Holchen Rauche, near Bacalar, together
with his family and relations, except one of the
latter, named Barrera.
These papers contain the usual accounts of
insignificant skirmishes between the Yucale
cues and the Indians in which the latter are
said always to have been worsted. The death
of Pat and the discord among the Indian chiefs,
however, gives a better coloring to the Yuca
teco cause than it has borne for sometime
The Boletin coniidentk predicts a speedy paci
fication of the peninsula, provided due tact
and energy be displayed by the Government.
A general amnesty has been offered to the in
surgents if they will abandon hostilities.
By the kindness of a commercial house here
we give the following extract of a letter receiv
ed here, and dated Campeachy, October 9th :
Our triumphs over the Indians are so fre
quent, and their attacks against our entrench
ments are so weak, that it is very apparent
thear munitions of war are giving out. We
have just been advised of the capture ol a small
English vessel, with an agent of Pat on board,
also 6099 pounds powder and lead. This ves
sei was carried into Bactlar. but it is expected
the English Government will claim the whole
The German fleet now consists of three
steam frigates, four steam corvettes, one guard
ship. and twenty-four uin boats, exchirive of
the Prussian navy. In addition to these, two
•team corvettes, destined as model ships, are in
process of completion This fleet has be mi
organized by the combined States of Germa
ny, each contributing a certain sum. The Aus
trian Government, which desires to rentier the
Czar assistance in case he assumes the task of
drubbing the Turks, has endeavored to per
suade the Central Power to send the fleet from
the Weser to the Mediterranean, “for experi
mental practice and security during the win
ter.” This is a scheme on the part of Austria
to remove the fleet from German waters, but
Prussia opposes it. and Prussia owns four mil
lions of dollars stock in the fleet, while Austria
owns but a million and a half.
TO Till ISE WHO X E EOT IIE M !
CHAS. C. REINHARDT'S
PATENT GLASS PAD DOUBLE AND
SIXUI.K
LE V E R T RUSS.
(Patented Sept 24M, 1544.)
I, YOU THE SUPPORT AND CURE OF
RUPTURE or HERNIA ; suitable to ail sixes
and ages —for men, women and children.
This Truss is recommended by some of the most
eminent Surgeons and Physicians of the country,
who declare it to be superior to ail others now in use.
It is more durable, is more easily kept clean, is less
inconvenient, and produces less pain than any other
Truss. Prof. Chas. Bell Gibson, of Baltimore, says:
“ I regard the Trass of Mr. Charles U. Reinhardt a#
SUPERIOR TO AHV OTHER SOW INOWN. and should
be glad to see it generally introduced into practice.”
For sale by D. B. PLUMB CO., Druggists,
sole Agents for Augusta, Ga. sl4-wtf
THE GEORGITmAR BLE
MANUFACTURING COMPANY,”
A RK DESIROUS TO INFORM the citi
i ft. tens of Georgia, that Marble work of all kinds
can be furnished by them at their Worksin Cherokee
and Giltner c>uulh»s, or at their yard tn Madison, Ga.,
at a cheaper rst* than it can be had at any other es
tablishment in the State. They have made, and are
making, extensive arrangements to carry on the busi
ness in ail its various branches. Our marble is liner
than any Northern marble, and when fairly tested
wtll be equal to Italian. We hare secured t lie ser
vice »ofexperienced workmen from New York, whe
fully understand ail the various brandies connected
with the business, and we pledge ourselves, in point
of workmanship and durability, to give entire catis
faction, or no charge will be made. To all those
wishing work iu our tine we would say, call and ex
amine our Marble Work and prices before purchasing
elsewhere, if convenient; if not, all eommunicatiom
will receive attention. Adil res? Midi*on, Ga., or
Harnageville, Cherokee county Ga.
J2I-U ATKINSON * ROBERTS.
AGRICULTURAL IMPLEMENTS.
-- JVST RKCKIVKD at the
w ■■•-? AGRICULTURAL WARE-
Augusta, a lot es Choke
PLOUGHS, conaiaciog of Double Mould Board, Hill
Side, Subsoil, Earle Self-sharpening, andone and two
H xx Plough*. at all descriptious. Also, Cyliwirical
Churn*, Corn She Ilers, Corn Planters, Straw Cutler*.
Gram Cradles, Rosd Scrapers, Manure Forks
Tracks, dtc., Ac.
A. W. A W. P. CARMICHAEL
Kossuth’s Letter to Lord Palmerston.
Widdkn, (Turkey.) Sept. 20.—Your Ex-
- cellency is. no doubt, already informed of the
fall of my country —unhappy Hungary, assur-
( edly worthy of a better fate.
It was not prompted by the spirit of disor
• der, or the ambitious views of faction; it was
► not a revolutionary leaning which induced my
native country to accept the mortal struggle
maintained so gloriously, and brought by nefa
' rioiis means, to so unfortunate an end.
r Hungary has deserved from her kings the
p historical epithet of “generous nation,” for she
never allowed herself to he surpassed in loyal
ty and faithful adherence to her sovereigns by
; any nation in the world.
Nothing but the most revoking treachery, the
most tyrannical oppression, and cruelties un
heard of in the words of history—nothing but
the infernal doom of annihilation to her nation
’ al existence, preserved through a thousand '
i sears, through adversities so numerous, were ■
. able to arouse her to oppose the fatal stroke
, aimed at her very life, to enable her to repulse !
the tyrannical assault of the ungrateful Haps
burghs, or to accept the struggle for life, hon- i
or, and liberty forced upon her. And she has ■
nobly fought that holy battle, in which, with the
aid of Almighty God. she prevailed against Aus
tria, whom we crushed to the earth, standing
firm, even when attacked by the Russian giant,
in the consciousness of justice, in our hope in
God, and in our hope, my lord, in the generous
: feeling of our great and glorious nation, the
natural supporter of justice and humanity
’ throughout the world. But this is over; what
tyranny began Has been by treachery conclud
ed: on all sides abandoned, my poor country
has fallen, not through the overwhelming pow
er of two great empires, but by the faults, and
I may say by the treason, of her own sons.
To these untoward events, I pray God that
my unhappy country may be the only sacrifice,
and that the true interests of peace, freedom
and civilization through the world, may not be
involved in our unhappy fate.
Mr. Franci* Pnlsky, ouryliplomatic agent in
has r lo
- the c.j'ise grid dennkukf d for
change in the affairs of flung&ry, and is in
structed to communicate igtd your Excellency,
if you are graciously pleased to receive the
same. It is not antipathy to Austria, though
so well merited at the hands of every Hunga
rian, but a true conviction which makes me
say, that even Austria has lost far more by her
victory, gained through Russian aid, than she
would have lost in merited defeat through hon
orable arrangement. Fallen from her position
of a first rate power, she has now forfeited her
self consistency, and has sunk into the obedi
ent instrument of Russian ambition and of Rus
sian commands.
Russia only has gained at this sanguinary
game: she has extended and strengthened her
influence in the East of Europe, and threatens
already, in a fearful manner, with outstretch
ing arms, not only the integrity, but the moral
basis, of the Turkish empire.
May it please you, my lord, to communicate
to y >nr Excellency a most revolting condition
which the Turkish Government, at the sugges
tion of Russia, is about to impose upon us poor
homeless exiles.
1, the governor of unhappy Hungary, afier
having I believe, as a good citizen and honest
man, fulfilled to the last my duty to my coun
try, had no choice left me between the repose
of the grave and the inexpressible anguish of
expatriation.
Many of my brethren in misfortune had pre
ceded me on the Turkish territory. I followed
thither in the hope that I should be permitted
to pass to England, and there, under the pro
tection of the English people—a protection
never yet denied to persecuted man—allowed
to repose for a while my wearied head on the
hospitable shore of your happy island.
But even with these views. 1 would rather
have surrendered myself to my deadliest ene
my, than to cause any difficulties to the Tur
kish Government, whose situation I well knew
how to appreciate, and therefore did not in
trude on the Turkish territories without pre
viously inquiring whether I and my compa
nions in misfortune would be willingly receiv
ed, and the protection of the Sultan granted
to us.
We received the assurance that we were
welcome guests, and should enjoy the full prn
lection of his Majesty the Padisha, who would
rather sacrifice 50.(100 of his own subjects, than
allow one hair of our heads to bo injured.
It was only upon this assurance that we pass
ed into the Turkish territory, and according to
the generous assurance we were received and
tended on our journey, received in Widden as
the Sultan’s guests, and treated hospitably dur
ing four weeks, whilst waiting from Constan
tinople further orders as to the continuation of
our sad journey to some distant shore.
Even the Ambassadors of England and
France, to whom 1 ventured in the name of
humanity to appeal, were so kind as to assure
me of their full sympathy.
His Majesty, the Sultan, was also so graci
ous as to give a decided negative to the inhu
man pretensions of our extradition demanded
by Russia and Austria.
But a fresh letter from his Majesty the Czar
arrived in Constantinople, and i s consequence
was the suggestion sent to us by an express
messenger of the Turkish Government, that
Poles ai_l£L II l,r Y —•-n-ntt frT»Tl>etrH-r -
reign Affairs of Hungary under my Govern
ment, and the Generals Messaros and Perczel
(all present here,) would be surrendered unless
we chose to abjure lhe faith of our forefathers
in lhe religion of Christ and become Mussul
mans. And thus five thousand Christians are
placed in lhe terrible alternative either of fa
cing the scaffold or of purchasing their lives by
abandoning their faith So low is already fal
len the once mighty Turkey, that she can de
vise no other means to answer or evade the de
mands of Russia.
Words fail me to qualify these astonishing
suggestions, such as never have been made yet
to the fallen chief a generous nation, and could
hardly have been expected in the nineteenth
century.
My answer does not admit of hesitation.
Between death and shame the choice can nei
ther be dubious nor difficult. Governor of
Hungary, and elected to that high place by the
confidence of fifteen millions of my country
men, 1 know well what I owe to the honor of
my country, even in exile. Even as a private
individual I have an honorable path to pursue.
Once Governor of a generous country —1
leave no heritage to my children—they shall,
at least have an unsullied name.
God's will be done. lam prepared to die;
but as I think this measure dishonorable and
injurious to Turkey, whose interests 1 sincere
ly have at heart, and as I feel it my duty to
save my companions in exile, if I can, from a
degrading alternative, 1 have applied to the
Grand Vizier in a conciliatory manner, and
took also the liberty to apply to Sir Stratford
Canning and General Atipich, for their gene
rous aid against the tyrannic act. in full reli
ance on the noble sentiments and generous
principle’* of your Excellency, by which, as
well as through your wisdom, you have secu
red the esteem of the civilized world, I trust to
be excused iu inclosing copies of my two let
ters to the Grand Vizier and Sir Stratford Can
ning.
1 atn informed that the whole matter is a ca
bal against the ministry of Reschid Pasha, whose
enemies would wish to force him to our extra
dition in order to lower it in public estimation,
and render impossible its continuance in office.
It is certain that in the grand council held on
the 9th and 10th of September, after a tumultu
ous debate, the majority of the council declar
ed in favor of our extradition, the majority of
the ministry against it. No decision was come
to in consequence of the altercation which took
place: but, notwithstanding, the ministry
thought lit to make us the revolting suggestion
I have made.
This mode of solving the difficulty would
not. I am convinced, save the ministry, because
a protection only given, in contradiction of the
Sultan's generous feeling, at the price of five
thousand Christians abandoning their faith
would be revolting to the whole Christian world,
and prove hardly calculated to win sympathies
fur Turkey in the event of war with Russia,
which, in the opinion of the most experienced
Turkish statesmen, is approaching fast.
As to my native country, Turkey does, I be
lieve, already feel the loss of the neglected op
portunity of having given to Hungary at least
some moral help to enable it to check the ad
vance of the common enemy. But it appear*
to me that it would be a very ill-advised mode
of gaining Hungarian sympathy by sending
me to an Austrian scaffold and forcing my un
happy companions to abjure their religion, or
accept the same alternative
No friends to the Turkish government would
spring up from my blood shed by her broken
faith, but many deadly foes. My lord, your
heart will, 1 am sure, excuse my having called
your attention to our unhappy fate, since it has
now assumed political importance. Abandon
ed in this unsocial land by the whole world,
even the first duties of humanity give us no
promise of protection unless, my lord, you
.and your generous nation come forward to
protect us.
What steps it may be expedient that you
should take, what we have a right to expect
from the well known generosity of England,
it would be hardly filling for me to enter on.
I place my own and my companions’ fate in
your hands, my lord, and m the name of hu
inanity throw myself under the protection of
England.
Time passes—our doom may in a few days
be sealed. Allow me to make an humble per
sonal request. lam a man. my lord, prepared
to face the worst; and i can die with a free
look at Heaven, as I have lived. But lam also,
tny lord, a husband, son. and father; my poor
true hearted wife, my children, and my noble
old mother, are wandering about Hungary.
They w ill probably soon fall into the hands of
those Austrians who delight in torturing even
seeWe women, and with whom the innocence
of childhood is no protection against persecu
tions. 1 conjure your Excellency, in the name
of the Most High, to put a stop to these cruel
ties by your powerful mediation. and especially
to accord to my wife and children an asylum
on the soil of the generous English people.
.As to my people—my loved and noble coun
try —must she. too. perish forever. Shall she.
unaided, abandoned to her fate, and unaveng
ed, be doomed to annihilation by her tyrants?
Will England, onge her hope, now become her
consolation ?
The political interest* of civilized Europe,
so many weighty considerations respecting
England herself, and chiefly ’be maintenance
of the Ottoman Empire, are too intimately
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 7. 1549.
bound up with the existence of Hungary for
me to lose all hope. My lord, may God the
Almighty for many years shield you, that you
may long protect the unfortunate, and live to
be the guardian of the rights of freedom and
humanity. I subscribe myself, with the most
perfect respect and esteem
(Signed) L. Kossuth.
From the Buffalo Courier.
Tile Great Foot Race*
This affair, so long and earnestly looked for
ward to. and on which so much speculation has
been expended, took place yesterday, and so
far as we could learn, was considered to be
one of the most interesting events of the kind
ever known. The weather had been very bad
for some days, but, with the exception of a
slight wind was yesterday as fine as could be
desired.
At an early hour in the afternoon, the course
i was crowded, but a more orderly or respecta
! hie assemblage, considering its size, probably
- could not have been selected. The field was
i covered with spectators, but there was the most
i perfect order preserved.
The Race.—At the call of the bugle. Jack
son came up, seeming in good condition, and
was ‘ matched” by a field of Indians, more
numerous than could readily be counted
Some ten or twelve, at the least, started for the
first mile.
At the word all went off well together, keep
ing so to lhe quarter pole, when several of lhe
Indians and one white man, evidently a raw
hand, commenced their running. This was
soon over, and it was evident that the race was
somewhere among three or four, who, by the
time they reached die third quarter pole, were
well up in a chunk, and going finely at their
work They came down the quarter stretch,
all pretty well together, Canada winning by a
short distance, Armstrong second, and Jackson
a good third. Time, 5 07.
2d Mile.—Coffee and Canada ran well toge
ther, Jackson sixth in tbe r a tile Somewhere
about thft third quart** Jackson Vatne to Her
cubi/’ irponjpafuda,•'i made good
r»»uuing, nnd *, <Turth; Arm
strong being 4rst, Canada secon? and Coffee
thirA The other white man retired quietly
Tinft, 4 32.
3d. Mile.—Canada running ahead on the
back side. AMr Rynders, from New York,
who seemed to fee! an interest in the matter,
was running alongside Jackson At all events
the thing resulted in Canada coming to score
first, Armstrong second, and Jackson a good
third. Time, 5 36. By this time the rest of
'.he field had tailed out like lhe comet of ’36,
and no attention was 1 paid to any others than
the three just mentioned.
4th Mile.—Canada and Jackson had a brush
as usual on the back stretch. On coining
down the quarter stretch, Canada ahead. Jack
son second. Armstrong made a brush and came
over the score. Time, 532
sth Mile. —Canada led off handsomely, with
Armstrong and Jackson tailing along—the rest
nowhere. Again Jackson brushed on lhe back
stretch, but Canada, perceiving it, widened the
gap, and the betting was now slightly changed,
the odds being offered on the Indian. At the
head of the quarter stretch Canada was well
ahead, but Jackson gained on him somewhat
coining down. They came in running well,
Jackson showing fatigue. Time, 5 46.
6th Mile.—The others having tailed off, the
race was now between the two—Canada and
Jackson. Jackson made his customary play on
lhe back side, but it was no use—down the
quarter stretch Canada’s play wis beautiful,
and the friends of the “ Deer” began to hedge.
z\s they came in it was said that Canada was
blowing, (Button here made a slight show and
came to score a good third, but with his tunic
considerably disarranged.) It stood, Canada
first, Jackson second, Button third. Time,
5 39.
7th Mile.—The old story—all Lombard street
to a China orange. Down lhe last quarter
Jackson tried a little without much success,
and Canada won the mile easily, Jackson blow
ing and showing evident syu ptoms of distress,
and Armstrong making a good third Time,
42.
8 h Mile.—Sharp running all the way. Can
ada came in “shaking his ears like a colt,”
with Jackson, just behind, and Armstrong close
to. Time, 5 46.
9th Mile—No difference in lhe running.
Timo. 5.45.
JOih and last mile.—The brush on the back
stretch was fearful. Canada discovering the
chase freshened up ; Jackson did his best, and at
the head of the lastquarter gained slightly, hut
at the finish, was nowhere, and came out dead
blown, while Canada crossed lhe score laugh
ing and “ fresh as paint.” Time,
Whole time, 55 494.
The race was, as may bo supposed, suffi
ciently exciting, and it is said that large sums
of money have changed bands.
From the Commercial Advertiser.
The race was a beautiful and exciting one,
and conducted with the utmost fairness. It is
evident that the Indians are superior to the
Englishman, notwithstanding all that has been
said about the superiority of “English stock,
bottom and wind ” Canada, Coffee and
Smoko are beautiful runners, and it is said that
the two latter—both of whom have formerly
Caiiada-7-uiade no extra exertions, but
rail under directtonsA atftZ _uw- ■
doubtf’dly have beaten Jackson, had it become
necessary to put their mettle to the test.
“ Curses, Like Chickens. (Junie Home to
Roost"— When Mr. Winthrop was elected
Speaker of the House of Representatives, the
whole Southern Democratic press joined with
the organ of the then administration, at Wash
ington, the Union, in assorting that Mr. Win
throp was a Wilmot proviso man, and that the
South was outraged by bis election, because he
had offered an amendment to the Oregon terri
torial bill, prohibiting slavery in Oregon, it
now turns out that the selected associate of
the senior editor of the same Union, which de
nounced Mr. Winthrop as a Wilmot p:oviso
ist, voted for the very amendment which Mr.
Winthrop offered, and which was so furiously
denounced as the Winthrop proviso. Further
more, since that lime, we have seen a Southern
President approve this very same bill, with this
very same proviso attached to it. What now
becomes of all the invectives heaped by demo
cratic editorsand orators throughout the South
upon the Whigs who voted for Winthrop ?
Mr. Winthrop’s offering that amendment made
him a Wilmot provisoist, and all who voted
for him for Speaker of the House were trai
tors to the South in the estimation of these
peculiar guardians of Southern interests.—
What then did it make of Mr. Polk who sign
ed the bill with that amendmant in it, and xMr.
Burke, who voted for the amendment itself,
when offered by Mr. Winthrop. What does
it make of these (Southern democrats) who
stood by Mr Polk to the last, and who now re
cognize Mr. Burke, as the Gamaliel of demo
cracy—the editor of the grand, sole organ of
the democratic party of the South as welt as
the north ? According to deniocratie logic the
same thing which constitutes a whig an abo
litionist, constitutes a democrat a natural ally
of the South.
The moral of the whole of this thing Is, that
one half of the professions of democratic edi
tors and stump speakers in regard to Southern
interests, are sheer gammon If they were
honest iu (heir denunciations of Mr Winthrop
could they now toleiate Burke as an editor of
the Union ? If they are, par excellence, as
they pretend, the guardians and sentinels of
Southern rights, why don’t they come out up
on Burke—why did'nt they drop Mr. Polk ?
The conduct of their leading men proves that
they would be guilty of any hypocrisy—any
inconsistency that promised to increase their
proximity to the public crib. — Marion (Ala.)
Review.
NOTICE.
rpilE OWNERS of Lota of Land Numbers
JL 81, 99 and 101, all lying in the 15th District,
3d Section Cass county, Geo., can find a purcna?er
at a liberal price, by applying to the subscriber at
Adairsville, Cass county, Geo. Ixit SI was origin
ally drawn by John Owens, 70 h District. Burke
county ; Lot No. 99. by Eiisha Hines, Lunsford Dis
trict, Wilke* county, and No. 101, by James L.
Newton, Richmond countv.
034-wlm ’ J. H. WHITESIDES.
DISSOLUTION.
THE LTD-PARTNERSHIP of GIBSON &
BUTT is this day dissolved by mutual con*
sent. The business of the late firm will be set
tied by Win. Gibeon, E»q. WM. GIBSON,
JOS. H. BUTT.
Warrenton, Oct. 16, 1849. 031
DISSOLUTION.
rpilE FIRM OF SPEARS A WILCOX, here-
JL tofore existing at Sylvian Hill, Hancock coun
ty, is this day dissolved by mutual consent. Ail
business of the firtu will be settled bv F. Spkars.
F. SPEARS,
SAMUEL A. WILCOX.
January 5. 1849 wtf
SPRING HILL MACHINE SHOP.
A FOR BUILDING AND REPAIRING
if all kinds of COTTON AND WOOL MA
CHIN ER Y—making larze SCREWS AND
GEARING, of ah kmds-TURNING IRON,
WOOD, Ac.,
ALSO, WOOL CARDED AND BATTED,
six mi les from Augusta, on the Louisville road, where
the proprietors will be grateful for all ord-'rs—or they
can be left at C. A. A M. H. WILLIAMS’S, Augus
a—or directed to Richmond Factory P. O.
nfi-wly HACK A DUVAL.
GEORGIA BURR MILL ROCK.
THE SUBSCRIBER, is prepared to execute
any order he may receive for MILL STONES
of th- above description, of any site, from 13 inches
to 5 feet in diameter. His quarry is in three miles
of the 100 mile station C. K. R., Burke county,
where he will deliver MILL ROCK. He will war
rant his work, and charge according to the times. -
Orders addressed to him at Holcomb P. 0., Bnrke
count v, will be promptly attended to.
my24-wIyJONAS HASLIP.
WANTED,
A SITU ATION as Superintendent, cr to fit up
JV a Mill for the manufacture of cotton goo 4 *, by a
man that has served twenty-three years as the busi
ness in the New Eng tan 1 States, and is acquainted
with the la’e imprvvemenis iuc'Xt n machinery.
Gxxi reterences can be given. Please address by
letter to J. M. SAWYER.
09-lm Willimantic, Conn.
P. B. BURNHAM,
WATCH AND CLOCK REPAIRER
Respectfully invite* the citizens of ei-
• L-ert county to his establishment.
CLOCKS AND W ATCHES
are carefully examined; all kinds of Clocks and
Watches cleaned and repaired, and Jewelry repaired
Ito order.
TV Shop on Public Square. jy2s-Uanl
August a, @eo.:
FRIDAY MORNINO. NOV. 3, 1849.
Agricultural Improvement.
The Macon Journal and Messenger has the
following pertinent remarks on the subject es
aidiirg the Agricultural Association, which has
held saveral highly interesting and useful Fairs
at Slone Mountain, by a small appropriation
from the State :
A few Words for the Planters. It wj#
bo recollected that at the Meeting of the Central
Agricultural Association, last August, a Rosoluiioo
was passed asking the Legislature of Georgia to ap
propriate the sum of Ten Thousand Dollars to be
used bv the Association for the purpose of promoting
Agricultural improvement in the State, and that a
committee was appointed to memorialize the next Sen
ate and House of Representatives upon the subject.
We have no doubt, that that committee will prompt
ly discharge all its duties, and present the claims of
the Agriculturists with a clearness and a force which
cannot fail to elicit the favorable action of our law
givers. # , ,<
Georgia has hitherto been liberal in her legisla
tive appropriations to her privileged classes. She haa
been liberal in granting bank charters, and buif&ng
Railroads ; she has paid thousands of dollars to incom
petent Lawyers, o codify and digest her laws. sha«w
even borrowed money at a high per cent., and loaned
it out at a low per cent., for the accommodation of
iard speculators and political hacks, but she has tlms
far done scarcely anything for the direct promotion of
Mechanic and Agricultural improvement. The time
has come when the sturdy laborers, and the tiller* of
the soil, should demand and receive their proper pro
portion of Legislative protection and encouragement.
We are truly glad that the question is about
presented to the approaching Legislature,
trust that it may be openly and boldly
vote. If there are any men in that bg*
hostile to the great
State, it is time the pe<>pJMlt -•*»’
.. : »ey may select
i ng and cherishing
tidns, as the Association wwch held
the Stone Mountain. No person who has witn^w^ 7
the Exhibitions of that society for the last three ylars
can doubt its influence in eliciting a spirit of generous
rivalry and improvement. It was commenced by a
few men without experience and without money.
Ils fairs have been held at an unpropitious season of
the vear, ata point where accommodations were very
limited, and where it was almost impossible to pro
cure efficient committees of arrangement; and yet
the articles and productions presented for premiums
have annually doubled in number, and the aggregate
of visitors has increased until at the last exhibition,
there were present between six and eight thousand
people. The impression universally entertained among
that vast assemblage seemed to be, that, if the accom
modations had be- n ornole and the funds of the so
ciety sufficient to justify the committees in making
the proper publications and offering the proper premi
ums, lhe exhibition would have been equal to those
of the older States.
By a resolution of the Association, the duty of fix
ing the time and place for holding the next fair,
has been imposed upon a committee of intelligent
gentlemen, who are apprized of the past difficulties
encountered, and will doubtless select a more proper
place and season for the next exhibition. Nothing,
therefore, is wanting but the necessary funds, in
erder to enable the association to accomplish for Geor
gia what kindred Societies have accomplished for
other States. The members of the Association have
given liberally of their means They spend their
time and money freely, in travelling to the fairs and
in carrying thither their stock, and the produce of
their farms and their workshops. This is all done
for ihe public good— if successful, it will increase
greatly the productive wealth of lhe State, and con
sequently fill (he public treasury. Is it not just—is
it not politic, then, in the treasury, to increase the
ability arid strengthen the hands of such an institu
tion? For ourselves, we frankly confessthat we can
not see how any intelligent man could hesitate to vote
for such an appropriation, even as a matter of busi
ness. In most cases when money is appropriated by
the Legislature, it is gone forever. In this case it
would be merely loaned; for it will not only benefit
thousands, but be certain to return to the treasury in
a few years, doubled and quadrupled in amount.
We trust, therefore, that the approaching Legisla
ture will act liberally and wisely in this mailer; that
instead of wasting the means of the public treasury
upon visionary schemes, they may |.ass the small ap
propriation solicited by the hardy tillers of the soil.
The sum asked lor is not large, and yet the interest
from it when propeily invested, would contribute sub
stantially towards the payment of the annual premi
ums. It would confer lasting benefits upon the pro
ducing classes, and sustain a spirit of improvement,
which would result in developing the industrial re
sources of Georgia, and in making her what “ God
and Nature” intended she should be—the richest,
most populous and thrifty State at the South.
The Legislature need have no fears that the
Association will fail to invest the ten thousand
dollars asked for, in some safe seven per cent,
stocks, like those of Georgia, and annually ex
pend the income in such way as will best ad
vance lhe great farming interest of the Com
monwealth. The uncertainty of obtaining
funds witli which to pay premiums, now ope
rates most discouragingly ou the labors of the
institution. It is a long list of desirable pre
miums which can alone suffice to|keepup,
year after year, exhibitions worthy oflihe pub
lie attention, and calculated to improve ail
- Irrwnt-.z-M* TVfTUI «q*'uiidrcd
dollars a year derived from the 8: JF. sod a
much larger sum from private will
place this Society on an equal footing with the
New York State Society. The latter receives
S7OO a year from lhe public treasury; and
expends $6 000 a year in premiums alone.
.All now admitthat this small sum of S7OO per
annum taken from that Commonwealth, has
added more than a million of do lars to its pro
ductive industry every year. The groat end to
be attained is, to organizes general and earnest
effort throughout the State, to improve the
agriculture of every county. To perfect such
an organization, a small common fund as a
nucleus, is indispensable.
The letter of Kossuth to Lord Palmerston
cannot fail to arrest the attention of the reader.
It is a paper strongly marked by eloquence of
expression, elevation of sentiment, the purest
patriotism and touching interest, and is in eve
ry way worthy of the distinguished Hungarian
patriot.
“The August*Chronicle & Sentinel asks us ‘ why
the South i« divided on the Southern question T No
one is more competent to answer that question than
the questioner Its editor is more to blame for itthau
any man in Georgia, unless Alexander H. Stephens
disputes the palm with him.”— Columbus l\mes.
If the Times is to be credited, “the editor of
the Chronicle St Sentinel" must be a very influ
ential man. That journal does him too much
honor in greatly over estimating his ability to
“divide the South on the Southern question,”
or any other.
Troop Superior Court.—The Lagrange
Reporter states that the Superior Court of
Troup county has been adjourned to the first
Monday in December next. And that all ofli
cers of said Court, parties, jurors, witnesses,
&c., will take due notice thereof, and govern
themselves accordingly.
Senator Walker, of Wisconsin, has is
sued a long address to the people of that State
in reply to the charge of having violated his
pledges and instructions, on the subject of sla
very in the Territories. He denies that any
act or vote of his, in the U. S. Senate, would
favor (he impression that he is favorable to the
extension of slavery.
Aspirations of the Interior,— A schooner has
been built and completely rigged at Mineral
Point, Wisconsin, transported overland forty
miles to Galena, then launched, and is loading
to sail direct for San Francisco via theTMissis
sippi river, Gulf of Mexico, Chagres
nama. She is to be transported the
Isthmus on a truck.
Communication with Genoa.—The M-ihile
Tribune learns from a citizen of Mobile, w ho
has just returned from Genoa, that a company
of merchants and capitalists of that c&y have
projected a line of steamers to run thence to
Chagres Ac. When he left negotiations were
pending between them and the governments
of Sardinia and Spain in reference to the trans
portation of mails. &c.. and it was believed the
necessary means won’d be promptly extended,
and thus secure the speedy completion of the
enterprise. The company propose to have
tour steamers of about 1200 tons each, con
structed in the most substantial manner of the
be*t materials, and to be in every particular
superior ocean steamers.
One is to be despatched at the beginning of
each month from Genoa, touching at Barcelo
no, Havana. Mobile, Tampico and Vera Cruz.
Returning, the stoppages will be at the same
points. Looking over the line proposed to be
run. every man ofintelhgence will be impress
ed at once with the practicability of the route
and satisfied that the profits arising from the
line will be considerable. Indeed, the propo
sition is so plain that we feel assured the enter
prise will soon go into operation.”
Import of Provisions from America.—Mr.
Gardner, (he provision broker, gives the fol
lowing as the import into Liverpool alone from
the United States, for the last twelve months:
26 000 tierces beef; 37 000 barrels pork ; 224,-
VOO cwt. bacon; 15.000 hams; 50.000 barrels
lard; 100.000 boxes cheese: 8,606 firkins but
ter. The value of the above is £1,000,000
sterling.
The above is about one per cent, of the pro
vision and grain crops of the United States.
Dreadful Explosion in School. —As Mr.
Frederick Sedgwick.the principal of the aca
demy at Stratford, Conn., was making some
experiments with an explosive gas. before a
few friends, on Tuesday evening last, by some
unforeseen accident the gas in the gasometer
exploded, breaking Mr. Sedgwick steg in two
places, one of his fingers, and badly injuring
hts face. The explosion was «o violent that
the lights were all extinguished, and he wa*
found lying on the floor completely insensible.
I A Steamer in tlie Clouds—Almost.
; An iron steamer is constructing in New
j York to be run on Like Titicaca, situated on
I' the summit of one of the highest peaks of the
Andes in South America near lhe boundary of
Peru and under the jurisdiction of that coun*
« try. The speculation, says lhe N. ¥■ Tribune
; is 1(3 drive a trade with the hunters and woods*
J men along the borders of the Lake, which has
! a length of about one hundred and forty miles
I.—amply sufficient to establish a very respecta
7</le ‘coasting trade’ in those upper regions of
j the world, with the aid cTf the first steam enter
fsprise ever thought of for such a purpose. The
trade of the new vessel will consist mainly in
the freightage of Furs, Wool and Lumber, w hich
will probably be brought down from the head
walers and upper portions of the Lake to its
foot, and thence despatched on mule-back
down the mountains to clothe and warm the
in the ‘lower regions.’
The Soukiuquian Empire.
From Port au Prince.— The Boston Travel
ler of Saturday afternoon announces the arri
val at that port of the brig R. Russell, Captain
Mayo, from Port au Prince, whence she sailed
on the 28th September. There was general
complaint of the scarcity of coffee, and in fact
nothing was plenty save titles of nobility,
which bid fair to rival the paper money of the
inland in profnsion and worthlessness. They
called by some, in derision, the “ ragged
ki We transfer to our columns the following
kgotjee of movements in Hayti, from the Kings
HBk-Tournal of the 20th :
■Sjjjk President Soulouque,
M. SchdJlefierrtiiGsewmP
countenanced the massacre of their brethren,
are receiving duchies arid principalities in re
compense of their zeal and their devotion to
the theories of their substitution. Subjoined is
a copy of the official decree of the Emperor,
conferring the several dignities upon his late
officers:—
Decree.
CONCERNING THE NOMINATION OF MINISTERS.
Faustin the First, bv the grace of God and
the constitutional law Emperor of Hay ti, sends
greeting to all present and to come, and now
resolves to name, and do name:
Minister of War and Marine—Lieutenant
General Louis Dufrene, Duke of Tiburon,
Grand Marshal of the Empire, Grand Cross of
the Imperial and Military Order of St. Faustin,
Grand Cordon of the Imperial Order of the
Legion of Honor.
Minister of Justice.—Mons, de Jean Bte
Francisqua, Duke ofLimbe, Grand Cordon of
lhe Imperial Order of lhe Legion of Honor.
Minister of Finance—Colonel Louis Ene Fe-
I icite Salamon, Duke of St. Louis of the South,
&c. &c.
List of Created Princes and Dukes — His Se
rene Highness Monseigneur de Jean Louis
Pierot, Prince of lhe Empire, Grand Marshal
of the Empire.
His Serene Highness Monseignenr de La
zare. Prince de St. Vague, Grand Marshal of
the Empire. &c. &c., Inspector General of lhe
Army of the Empire.
H'S Serene Highness Monseigneur de Pobo,
Prince ofCape Hayti, Grand Marshal of the
Empire, &e. &,c., commander of the province
of lhe IVorth.
His Serene Highness Monseigneur de A
Sauffrant. Prince of Jacmel, Grand Marshal of
the Empire, &c. &c., commander of lhe pro
vince of the West
Dukes.—His Grace Monseignenr de Louis
Dufrene, Duke of Tiburon. Grand Marshall of
lhe Empire, &c., &c., Mini-ter of War and
Marine.
His Grace Monseignenr de Jean Louis Bel
legarde, Duke of St. Louis of the North, &c
&c., commander of lhe first military division of
lhe province of the West.
His Grace Monseignenr de J. Paul, Duke of
Morin, &c., &c.. Grand Chamberlain of the
Emperor.
His Grace Monseigneur de Chas. Alerte,
Duke of Pemonade, &c., &c , Chief of the
Empesor’s Staff of Honor, and Master of the
Pantry.
His Grace Monseigneur de Denis Tretnere,
Duke of Lagaron, &c. &c., Commissary Gen
eral of the Emperor.
His Grace Monsiegneur de Jean Ph Au
guste, DukeofNeybe &c., &c., Inspector-
General of ihe troops of the Empire.
Fifty-three other graces complete the list.
The Emperor has also decreed the Imperial
Crown hereditary, as also all its perquisites,
titles, <fec. The Imperial potency ranges as far
as the East, for there are Dukes of places of
lhe Dominican territory.
The following extract is from a gentleman of
high respectability at Hayti:
* 1 send you a Haytien journal, by which
you will see that the ferocious and sanguinary
President Hayti, Soulouque, has got himself
PHWfHpn.’jJ Emperor. The newspaper leiis
you that he uwes his elevation to the wish of
lhe people: but this is false ; ihe initiative has
been entirely his own, and any member of the
Legislative body that would dare to oppose his
will would have been drawn out and shot like a
dog. as many a worthy man has lately been,
by order of this monster. His object is to ex
terminate the colored race, and have the coun
try governed exclusively by liie blacks. There
is no longer safety to colored men in Hay
ti All this class who possessed anything have
been either killed or obliged to flee the coun
try. Neither sex nor age is spared by this de
mon and his Minister, Solomon, who hav>
sworn together the extermination cn masse of
the colored race. But let us hope that ihe
Almighty will avert the accomplishment ofsuch
a crime, and that they may yet find in Hayti
another Brutus to deliver his country from
this monster, who surpasses in cruelty anything
we have read of Tiberius or Nero.”
Arrest of Slave Abductors.—The “ un
derground railroad agents” lately so active on
the Eastern shore of Maryland, are already
falling into the hands of the law. The Centre
ville Times of Saturday records the following
arrests:
•‘A negro fellow named Frisby was appre
handed n» ar Enston on Tuesday last, and com
milted to Talbot county jail for assisting negro
slaves to escape from their masters.
“Three negroes from Wilmington, Del.,
(with horses and vehicles for assistin'? slaves to
runaway ) were taken prisoners in Kent coun
ty a few dayssince. Unfortunately, two of the
rascals escaped, but the other was safely lodged
in jail in Chestertown.
“ A negro man named London Gold, charg
ed with assisting slaves to escape from their
owners, was lodged in the Ceutreville jail on
Tuesday last. Unfortunately for London a
runaway negro was found in his house secre
ted between two beds.”
The French War Ended.—The Washing
ton Union and various other Democratic organs
will be most grievously disappointed hy the
news brought by the steamship Europa, in re
gard to the course of the French Government
touching the Poussin affair. It appears that the
prompt and decisive course of President Taylor
has brought Louis Napoleon to his senses, and
that the latter has as promptly repudiated the
conduct of his Minister. The claim for indem
nity will now be coolly and calmly considered
and discussed. On that point the prevailing
opinion seems to be also in favor of the Ame
ricans, and we have no doubt it will be so de
cided. The course of the Administration on
this whole question, has elicited the warmest
expressions of approval from correctly thinking
men of all parties; and we have no doubt but
that the President will be equally fortunate in
the adjustment of the Mosquito question.
Firmness and promptness now occupy the same
positions in diplomacy which were formerly oc
copied by chicanery and intrigue — Journal and
Mtamger. '’•
A Propelled for Savanmah. —By a letter
in the Baltimore Sun. we learn that Capt. Lo
per has commenced the construction of a new
steam ship at Philadelphia for the Savannah
trade. It is to he a propeller with all the latest
improvements made by Captain Loper, in en
gines, boiler, and wheel. The engines will be
similar to those of the Carolina, and the boilers
like that in the little towboat Haswell, now on
service in the harbor of Baltimore. — Charleston
Mercury.
Treaty with the Half Breeds. —A treaty
was effected, we learn, with the Half Breeds
on Tuesday, the 11th instant, for the land lying
west of the Mississippi, bordering upon Lake
Pepin, about seventy miles below St. Paul.
It is bounded on the river about thirty-five
miles, extending back fifteen miles, making
some three hundred and twenty thousand
acres, purchased for $200,000. or about sixty
cents per acre The land is said to be of good
quality generally, having some fine situations
on the Lake and a number of improvements
made by the Half-Breeds. It will doubtless
soon fill up with a hardy and enterprising
population.— Minesota Chronicle.
Fault-Finding The Boston Republican
(Abolitioni.-t) has become a very active ally of
the Opposition, and is conjuring up causes of
complaint against the Postmaster General.
It seems displeased because Mr. Collamer dis
missed the free negro Postmaster at Farnham,
who had been appointed by means of a Demo
cratic recommendation. Ils friendship for Cof
fee leads it to other cases of fault-finding. Thus
it is, whilst Mr. Collamer is abused in the
South as an Abolitionist, the organs of that
party atthe North are equally virulent because
he dues not keep a negro in office? — Rich.
Rep. V
A convention assembled in New York, on
Monday last, composed principally of dealers
sn boots and shoes, who come together once a
year, to consult the mutual interest of the trade.
Some important facts were stated by the chair
man worth repeating. One house in Connecti
cut makes $230. UOO worth of pegged shoes
every year: another $300,000 worth : and in
Massachusetts, the aggregate value of this kind
of manufacture was stated to be $lB 000.000.
Still the demand was greater than the supply,
thus offering a tempting field for enterprise
and capital in this line of business.
Mass Meeting of the Sous.
Aeintimated in our last, the Sons of Temper
ance convened in our city in vast numbers on
I the 241 h inst. The procession was one of the
i largest and most imposing which we have seen
i for years. It numbered as it passed the Wash
j jngton Hall, eight hundred and eighty five, and
the iMarshais—making, all told eight, hundred
and ninety-one.
The procession marched through Mulberry
Street and Cotton Avenue to Ousley’s Ware
House, where an immense concourse of ladies
and citizens had assembled to hear lhe orator
of the day—Professor Means, of Oxford. The
address we were wholly unable to hear, in con
sequence of the immense crowd which had pre
ceded the procession to the place of its delive
ry. It was very long, and we are told very
able. A copy has been solicited for publica
tion.
At 5. P. M , the Grand Division repaired to
the Court-house square, where the beautiful
Prize Banner, alluded to in our last, was pre
sented to the successful competitors. It was
won by “Triumph Divison, No. 250, from
Slewart county." The presentation address,
was made by Barnard Hill, Esq., the Worthy
Patriarch of the Grand Division. It was a very
appropriate and welF considered production
—brief, comprehensive and pertinent to the
occasion.
The response by the member of lhe Division
who received the Banner, we could not hear,
but understand it wasquite appropriate. The
Division, it appears, had just been formed and
contained only 14 members, all of whom were
present, having travelled over one hundred and
sixteen miles.
During the meeting, the assemblages were
addressed at various places, by Judge Floyd.
Bishop Andrews, Rev. Dabney P. Jones and
others. The following officers were chosen
for the ensuing year.
Hon. J. J. Floyd, of Covington. G. W.P.
P. A. Lawson, of Griffin, G. W- A.
W. S. Williford, of Macon, G. Scribe.
E. C. Grauniss, pf Macon, G. Treaurer.
Dr. Alex. Means, of Oxford. G. Chaplain,
Thos. Fl ewe’.ten, of Thomaston, G. Con.
jtehn W"
John / tJbearf
and P. A. Lawson.
The next meeting of the Grand division'ivhs
appointed to take place at Madison, Georgs*,
on lhe last Wednesday in April next.— Journal
and Messenger
Meeting of the Grand Lodge.— The Grand
Lodge of Ancient York Masons, commenced
its annual communication in this city yesterday
Present, Grand Master William C. Dawson,
and a very full representation of Delegates
from the subordinate Lodges. We are pleased
to learn, that the craft in the State is now in a
most flourishing condition, numbering no less
than one hundred and ten Lodges, being an in
crease of thirty Lodges, durin it the last year.
St. Omer's Encampment of Knights Templars
also convened on Monday evening, and will
probably be in session during the week.
The annual address before the Grand Lodge
will be delivered by Robert IL Griffin, Esq.,
of Savannah, on Thursday at 11 o’clock, in
the Presbyterian Church. — Jour. Mess.
A package of 105 letters, sent out by some of
the ship letter offices in New York by the Niaga
ra, on the 19th September, were seized bv lhe
Admiralty agent, who found them in passengers’
trunksand returned them; as they had not
passed through the Post Office. Some firms
have had their entire correspondnce by that
Steamer returned.
Frost in Camden.— telegraphic despatch
received yesterday, gives the information that
a killing frost was experienced at that place.
We understand, also, in corroboration of the
above, from a gentleman who arrived by the
cars, and who left Camden early yesterday
morning, that the frost wns sufficiently severe
o create ice, and that he had himself seen it
formed over shallow pools of water. — Char.
Cour.
Heavy Bank Robbery.—On Tuesday night
last some bold and daring rogues effected an
entrance into the Provincetown Bank, and by
means of boring through the iron door of a
vault or safe, gained access to a package of
money amounting to over nineteen thousand
dollars, with which they effected their escape.
Boston Adv. 25th.
The Sioux Indians.— We learn from the Mi
nesota Chronicle of the 6th inst., that for sever
al days previously, Gov. Ramsey and Gover
nor Chambers, who constitute lhe commission
appointed to treat with the Sioux Indians, had
heeu in conference with them at Mendota,
near Fort Snelling. The number of Indians
in attendance was about three thousand, it
seems there is no hope of effecting any thing
like a general treat with them at present. The
Commissioners had appointed Monday the
6ih inst, for a meeting with what is called the
Half Breeds, to treat with them, if practicable,
for a tract of land they own on the west side of
the Mississippi, opposite Pepin, some thirty
five miles on the river, and extending back fif
teen miles.
In the U. S. Circuit Court of Ohio, last
week, a verdict of $6714 29 was rendered in
the owners nf the steamboat Major
Barhor, in an action for damages caused by a
collision of the steamboat Paul Jones with the
former.
A postmaster in Pennsylvania, on entering
his house in the night, a short time ago, found
an infant boy on the door steps, which some
body had left there. Being asked how he ac
counted for this incident, he replied “that the
mails were very irregular all over the country.
Disgraceful Ignorance.— lt is stated that out
of lhe 135 745 marriages solemnized in Eng
land during 1848, no less than 104 308 of the
parlies, viz: 42,429 men, and 61,877 women,
signed lhe marriage register with a mark ; or,
in other words, nearly one third of ihe men
and one half of the women could not write.
Country Merchants purchasing their
supplies in this market, would do well to call and ex
amine the stock of fresh DRUGS, MEDICINES,
PAINTS, OILS, &c., for sale on accommodating
terms by PHILIP A. MOISE, Druggist,
024 Metcalf’s Range, Rroad-st., Augusta.
Good News. --Ladies and gentlemen who
hive heretofore experienced trouble and inconve
nience from diseases of the hair, caused either by na
ture or by the use of deleterious nostrums, may now
clap their hands and jump for joy, for the days of
their mourning are nearly over. William Bogle has
invented, and not only invented, but perfected, an
Hyperion Fluid”—happy name —which will speed
ily put an end to all their woes. Ye who cherish
the crowning honors of the head, look out for this
stream from the fountains of El Dorado.— Boston,
Daily .Mail of F\b 9 1846.
Bogie's Hyperion Fluid for ‘he Hair, also
Bogie's Ilebeaonia, the best preparation for impro
ving and beautifying the complexion, are for sale by
his Agents in Augusta, 1). B. Plumb <fc Co., and
Haviland, Risley & Co. n'3-law
(Eaniiiiiatfs for Office.
HfWe are authorised to announce Ma
jor FURNEY GEORGE, a solicitor of the suffra
ges of the people of Burke county, for the office of
TAX COLLECTOR at the ensuing election in Jan
uary. 1850. o 2
are authorized to announce GEO.
GOUGH a candidate for the office of Tax Collector
for the county of Burke, at the ensuing election in
January, 1950. my 26
We are authorized to announce CY RE
NU E CLARKE, as a candidate lor the office of
T’ax Collector for Burke county, at the election in
January next. jy2
are authorized to announce JOHN
ROGERS a candidate for Tax Collector of Burke
county, at the ensuing election in January next, 1850
my 26
Messrs. Editors: Please announce to the
citizens of Burke Coun’y, that I am a candidate for
RECEIVER OF TAX RETURNS at the ensuing
January election, any reports to the contrary notwith
standing. jy!B ELI WOOTEN.
MEDICAL CARD.
BUHKE COUNTY.—Dr. CARLISLE TER-
RY would respectfally announce to the citizens
of Burke, that he has permanently settled in Waynes
boro, and offers his services in the practice cf Midi
cineanri {Surgery. 011-w3m*
COTTON GINS—PRICES REDUCED.
THE UNDERSIGNED have on band a lot
of COTTON GINS of all sizoa, made by an
experienced manufacturer, whose Gins have given
as good satisfaction as any made in this Stale, which
are offered for sale for cash or approved paper, six
months with interest, at the low price of 31.25 per
Saw.
The above GINS will be sold thus low in order to
close sales and reimburse the undersigned for ad
vances made on them.
au2s-w3m GIBBS & McCORD.
William J. Owens. Philip Robinson.
GROCERIES.
THE SUBSCRIBERS beg leave to inform
tueir friends and the public that they are now
SYCEIVING AND OPENING THEIR
SUPPLIES OP GOODS,
AH of which have been recently selected in New
Yort, especially for this market, comprising every
article usually kept in their line.
Persons desirous to purchase are requested to call
and examine their stock anl prices. Their store is
on Broad-street, next door to G. T. Dortic, the same
forucrlv occupied by Hadlby & Owbns.
s6-d6&wtf ' OWENS <fc ROBINSON.
SSO REWARD.
RANAWAY from the subscriber, nearOak
bowery, Chambers county. Ala., on the 6th
August, two Negro men, CHARLES and
HIaHY, 25 or 28 years old. Charles is 6 feet 2or
3 inches hub, nearly black; has an humble counte
nance when spoken to. Hetiry is 5 feet sor 6 inch
es high ; nearly black ; no scars recollected of any
kind.
Also —Ranaway from me at Mobile, a Negro man
named AB* A LOW, about 25 or 26 years old ; 5 feet
6 inches high; black; has no upper fore teeth, and
has been stabued in the tide.
1 will give the above reward of fifty dollars for
each of them delivered tome or secured so that I can
get
" o& w2m* RICHARD R. BEASLEY.
BLANKETS I BLANKETS ! I
A LEXANDER & WRIGHT have in store
a large a«sortment of superior 10-4, 11-4 and 12-
4 Bed BLANKETS;
8-4 and 9-4 Negro BL ANKETS of all qualities ;
Blue Mackinaw do;
Crib and Cradle do.
To which they invite the attention of the public.
027-d£w
V-.JL. LXIII—NEW SERIES VOL, NTH—NO. 45.
CAngufttft, (P»ft.*.
SATURDAY MORNIND, NOV. 3, 1849.
It.uit. the purposes of the Savannah
Georgian, and a few other Democratic prints,
■ constantly to misrepresent the views and poli
cy of the Chronicle Sc Sentinel, in reference to
the best ways and means to impart stability to
1 the present relation of master and slave at the
South, and a higher value to all the products of
slave labor. We would fain believe that, all
Southern journals alike desire the peace, the
prosperity and the improvement, which can
alone follow the conservation of existing insti
tutions. But what is true conservatism in the
cotton, rice and sugar-planting States? How
are their interests to be best promoted ?
’ In attempting to answer these questions, men
may and do differ in opinion. The wonder is,
not that all men do not see things precisely I
alike, but that au honest difference of opinion,
should be used as a seeming jds ification, for
making constant, bitter, unprovoked and un
justifiable attacks? If the Chronicle Sf Sentinel
has labored for any purpose, it has been to in
crease the manufacture, the demand for, and
the consumption of cotton, with a view to in
crease the market value of the labor and the
laborers that produce this great staple of the
South. If we could persuade the citizens of
Georgia to invest five millions more in ma
chinery for picking, carding and spinning cot
ton, it would-add fifteen millions to the value of
the land and the slaves employed to raise the
cotton manufactured in the State; and to pro
duce all the wheat, corn, potatoes, meat, but
ter and other provisions consumed by all the
families employed in, or supported by cotton
factories.
The e are twenty thousand poor persons of i
| Sioth in Georgia, who are able to tend
weaiiKs^reaYrfi^“nT^iiiii i > { -y ji a»J’ thereby pro
duce millions of property for
the South, who now earn very little for the
world in general, or themselves in particular
Give these full and profitable employment, and
they will at once daily consume more sugar for
the sugar planter, more rice for the rice plan
ter, more cotton shirts and calico dresses for
lhe cotton planter, more bread and meat for
the grain planter, and then make the State
richer by the taxable property which their more
productive industry will call into existence
We insist on the point that, the most direct
way to benefit the slaveholder is to create a re
liable home demand at fair prices, for all the
products of slave labor. This is the way to
render the planting States independent of both
Old and New England abolitionism. This is
the policy of the Chronicle <s’ <SeniineL Our
faith rests more in good works than in sound
ing words—more in an abiding effort to build
up the South, than in an over-sensitiveness at
the empty talk offoolsand fanatics, al the North.
A single spinning jenny and one locomotive,
are worth more for defence, and for attack in the
right place, than a whole army with banners.
There are no indications whatever that the
world is about to cease buying and consuming
slave-grown cotton, sugar, rice, tobacco or
coffee. On the contrary, there is a steady in
crease in the demand for, and consumption of
all these staples. A wise, conservative policy,
such as President Taylor and his Cabinet are
steadily pursuing, is alone calculated to give
stability to all the existing relations and institu
tions of our common country.
The Public Schools,—We are gratified to learn
lhat our new Mayor intends forthwith to take mea
sures to es ablish the long talked of public schools,
and that sites will be selected and the buildings be
commenced at once. It is in contemplation, we un
derstand, to provide two buildings to accommodate
the two divisions of the city, one adjoining the Sixth
Ward, and the other somewhere in the Northern part,
and that nothing will be neglected to make them
complete in every respect, according to the latest
and best plans for such institutions. We trust that
this is the beginning of a better system thioughout
lhe State, and that the schools, when established, will
be models for all sections of Tennessee. — Nashville
Banner.
We rejoice to see public attention waking
up at the South to extend and improve its edu
cational institutions. The large Free School
in this city is in a most flourishing condition*
Ils teachers are so competent and efficient, lhat
gentlemen of wealth are glad to have sons and
daughters participate in the advantages which
it offers. This is as it should be under our re
publican flwstem of government. The schools
for educating the poor should be the best in
the community ; the rich can do as they please,
send their children to them, or have private
tutors to instruct them at home. Every vil
lage in Georgia should have a free school.
Another Head Off.—John P. Gallagher, of Vir
ginin, has been appointed Third Auditor of lhe Trea
sury in place of Peter G. Hagner, removed. This is
a case of extreme proscription, as Mr. Hagner had
been in office since the days of Jefferson. He is now
turned out in his old age, to make way for a Whig
Editor! This is certainly following the example of
“lhe earlier Residents.” — Mobile Register.
Mr. Hagner, who has been a most faithful
officer, entered ihe public service in 1793, fifty
six years ago, and has now obtained such an
advanced age as to be physically incapable of
discharging lhe duties of the office of Third
Auditor These facts were known to the wri
ter of the Register's paragraph, but they did
not suffice to appease his revengeful spirit—an
opportunity was presented to traduce the ad
ministration, and he could not forego the plea
sure, at whatever sacrifice of (ruth or justice.
Editorial Change.—Jno. H. Christy, one
of the Proprietors and Editors of the “ South
trn Whig” has sold his interest in the establish
ment to Habersham J. Adams. Mr. Christy
will conduct the Editorial department of the
paper.
Hessian Ely in Wheat.
The Rockville (Md.) Journal states that the
fly has already commenced its ravages upon
the young wheat in that county, though much
sown has come up beautifully. In all districts
where this insect prevails, it is bad policy to
seed much earlier than the first good frost.
Lumber for California.—lt its estimated
that 40,000,000 feet of lumber have been ship
ped from this country to California. At a
profit of SSO a thousand, this amount would
yield an aggregate profit of $2,000 000. We
notice in tbe Pacific News an advertisement of
Riga lumber from the Pacific.
Take good care of your pine and oak trees.
Lumber is becoming scarce in the United
States; and over 300,000 immigrants from Eu
rope are annually landingatourseaports—all of
whom must have houses to live in. A rapid
increase of shipping, railroads, household fur
niture. implements, road vehicles, mechanic
tools and machinery of all kinds, will soon de
mand timber beyond what you now dream of.
Growth of Marietta.—The Advocate says:
Wo notice with pleasure the fact that quite a
number of handsome and substantial private
residences are now being built in our village.
Town property has advanced greatly in price.
Rents are high and houses in demand. The
favorable location of Marietta holds out strong
inducements to those in search of a place of
residence, where the combined advantages of
health, excellent water, good society and good
schools may be found. Those who have visit
ed our place have remarked that the Methodist,
Presbyterian, Episcopal and Baptist congrega
tions have each places of worship. The new
Methodist church, now in progress, will be,
when completed, an important improvement
to the vicinity in which it is situated, and highly
creditable to the liberality of the congregation
that will occupy it.
Death of Rev. Isaac W. Waddf.l.—The
Marietta Advocate, of the Ist inst.. say« : “With
feelings of deep regret we record the decease,
on yesterday, die 31 st ultimo, in this place, of
the Rev. Isaac W. Waddel, after a long and
painful illness. An afflicted family, will have
in their loss, the sympathy of an extended cir
cle of attached friends, who esteemed the de
ceased as a man and a minister of the Gospel.”
Dr. Raphael, the best Hebrew scholar in the
world, is supposed to be on board the Sarah
Sands, which left Liverpool on the 4th inst.
Tbe Tribune says he is the editor of a new
edition of the Hebrew Scriptures said to be the
most correct ever published ; it is not yet fin
ished.
A SuccessfulTypo.—John F. Phelps, E-q ,
recently elected President of the New York
and Erie Rail Road Company, was a journey
man printer but a few years since. By a close
application, and a sprinkling of good luck, he
has rapidly advanced to the possession of a
competency, and an honorable station at the
head of the first Railroad Company in America,
covering a capital of $23,000,000.
New Way to Make Red Hot Shot, —The
Glasgow Chronicle (Scotch paper) mentions a
peculiar and apparently roost valuable, mode
of obtaining red hot shot for large guns, recent
ly invented in that city by a Mr. Scouller. The
invention consists in filling the hollow shot with
a highly combmuible powder. Two or three
fuse holes are made on me shot, so that, when
fired from the piece, ignition takes place and
the shot is made red hot before it arrives at its
destination. In that witnessed by the Editor,
the shot, which was about two inches and a
half in diameter was simply laid on the ground,,
and the composition ignited by a light applied io
the fuse hole. Violent combustion immediate
ly ensued, liquid fire appeared to stream from
its three fuse holes, and the metal became quite
red hot in a few seconds. The inventor Mates 7
that when fired from a gun, a red heat will be
attained in less than 20 seconds from its leaving
its mouth. The composition will burn under
water, and is said to be easily made. *"*•
From the London Economist, Sept, 29.
The Supply of Cotton*
The “cotton trade” in this country is now a
matter of primary national importance On
it, the daily food of hundreds of thousands of
our fellow countrymen depends. On it, by far
the largest amount of capital devoted to any
branch of trade, relies for its profitable occu
pation. On it, our export trade—rvith all the
important consequences directly and indirect
ly attached to it-~depends for more than twen
ty six millions out of a total of about ..fiftydive
millions. By the consumption of rhe cot on
districts, be it brisk or be it slow, the markets
for colonial produce in London and Liverpool
are influenced more than by any other single
cause. The same cause tests the public reve
nue ofthe country, as certainly as the mercury
in the thermometer indicates the temperature
of the atmosphere. The demand for agricul
tural produce is sensibly affected by the “ full
time” or “ short time” of the Lancashire facto
ries. The traffic of railways—but more espe
cially the employmentof our ships at s a—is
sensibly influenced by a large or a small cotton
trade. As an industry the cotton trade is se
cond only in its importance to agriculture. As
an article of necessity, contributing to the gen
eral comforts and prosperity of the country an
abundant and cheap supply of cotton is second
only to that of food. When we have seen the
social consequences which for some years past
have marked the fluctuating supplies of this
great staple of British industry, we must regard
the prospects of the future supply of cotton
as much importance in a political as in a com
mercial poinf of view.
A period of ttye year has arrived, when we
"haV*nrxed nnd determinate data on which at
least some useful and important of
the present and the future may be based. AF~ -
the present moment, when so much anxiety
exists on the subject, it seems especially desira
ble to bring before our readers a consideration
of all the facts, so far as they are known, which
must determine the future course of prices.
The last number of .his journal contained (page
1065) what may, for all practical purposes, be
considered the statistics of the cotton crop of
1848-49, the commercial year ending on the
Ibt of Sept, and that account coming down to
the 31st of Aug. for N. York, and to the 25th
for the other chief ports. The receipts at the
American ports from the interior amounted, up
to those dates, to the unprecedented quantity
of 2,707,404 bags. The stocks, however, at
those dates, at the towns in the interior, were
only 24,591 bales, against 65.589 bales at the
same dates last year; so that the crop of the
last year had really furnished 40 998 bales less
than the quantity received. But allowing for
the receipts of the remaining days of August,
we may fairly put down the crop of the year
at 2,700.000 bales—the largest crop before hav
ing been 2,394,503 bales in 1844-45. The ex
traordinary size ofthe crop of the last year will
he best understood when we compare it with
the crops of the last six years, a period long
enough to embrace a fair average:
Colton Crops. bags.
1848-492,700 000
1847—482,347,634
1846-471,778,651
1845-462,100,537
1844-452,394,503
1843-442,030,409
On the Ist of September, 1848, the stock of
cotton in the three great ports of this country,
London, Liverpool, and Glasgow, was 669,-
300 bales against 507,400 bales at the same date
in 1847. The average crop of the five pro
ceeding years, had been 2,130,346 hales. The
prospect of a crop (which was then estimated
as nearly as possible at what it has actually
yielded,) of 600.000 bales above that average
had a most depressing influence on the market,
especially in the United States. It was antici
pated that so large a crop would have secured
low prices to our manufacturers for a consider
able period, and would at the close of the year
(Sept. Ist, 1849) have raised our slocks to
what they were at that date for some years prior
to the small crops of 1846 and 1847, viz: about
one miliien of bales. In place of which, the
consumption of the last year has been so great,
that while the quantity imported from Sept.
Ist. 1848, to Sept. Ist, 1819, has been 350.606
bales more than in the years 1847-8. and 943,-
345 bales more than in the year 1846-7 —the
price is full twenty-five per cent, higher than it
was a year ago, and the stock on the first of
September in the three chief ports, has increas
ed only 48,100 bales; and if taken, including
the quantities afloat at the moment destined for
this market, the stock this year exhibits an ac
tual decline of 34,818 bales.
This result has been brought about by the
extraordinary consumption ofthe present year.
What willy the aid of increased machinery, Mid j
perhaps even more of improved machinery,
and increased speed, the average weekly con
sumption of cotton in the first eight months of t
the present year has been no less than 34.455
bales, against 28,116 bales in the same period :
in 1848. and 22.702 bales in 1847. The expo
rience then of the present year shows that to |
keep our present mill power and factory hands I
in the full employment which they have enjoy
ed during the present year, a supply of cotton
equal to 1.791.660 bales would be annually re
quired for consumption, to which, if we add the
average quantity exported, an entire import of
2,000,000 bales will be necessary. The year
just concluded (tha’ is from Sept Ist. 1848, to
the same date 1849,) is the only year on record
that has furnished that quantity; and this has
been done, as we have already remarked, with
out any actual increase of stock. Great inter
est is now felt as to what the stock in this coun
try will be on the 31st of December, on which
the calculations of tho merchants and manufac
turers of this country are chiefly based. We
propose therefore to lay before our readers such
facts as will best enable them to make an esti
mate of this.
First, we will shortly allude to the state of
the case in the United States. Notwithstand
ing the large increase in the crops of the past
year, the slock on hand al the last dates in the
ports, and on shipboard, was 3969 bales less
than last year, and that in the towns of the in
terior was less by 40 998 bales, making together
a decrease of 44 967 bales, thus:
American Cotton Stocks. —Last Dales.
1848. 1849.
Bales. Dates.
In the ports and on board. - • • • 119,613 115.641
In interior towns 65,589 24,591
T0ta1185,202 146,235
Decrease 44,967
185,202
This decrease of stock has taken place in the
face of an increase in the crop of about 350,000
bales above the large crop of 1847-48.
During the } ear ending Sept. Ist, the exports
from the United States to Great Britain ex
ceeded by 217.304 bales those of 1847-48; but
during the same period, our entire imports ex
ceeded by 450,606 bales those of the preceding
year, so that our other sources of supply also
furnished an increased quantity. In each of tue
last five years, ending Aug 31, the entire quan
tities of Cotton imported into Great Britain
were as follows:
Colton imported into London, Liverpool and
Glasgow, in the peat —
Bales. Bales.
Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, 1843 215,210
Jan. 1 to Aug. 31, 1844 1,370,918
Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, 1844 312,304
Jan. 1 to Aug. 31. 18451,540,283
Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, 1845- • • 318,021
Jan. 1 to Aug. 31, 1846•••1,044,134
Sept. I to Dec. 31, 1846 199,853
Jan. 1 to Aug. 31, 1847 879,693
Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, 1847 354,290
Jan. 1 to Aug. 31, 18481,320,087
Sept. 1 to Dec. 31, 1849 418,854
Jan. 1 to Aug. 31, 18491.606,012
With these supplies during these years, let
us now examine the amount of stock left on
hand al the close of each.
Stocks of Cotton, London,’ Liverpool, Glasgow,
on Ist Sept. Bales.
1643 1,021,600
18441.102,400
18451,193,700
1846 911,300
1847 507,400
1848 069,300
1349 717,400
So that with an increased import 0f350 519
bales in the last year, we have only an increase
ofthe stock of 48,100 bales. But even this in
crease is not real. If we include the quantity
of cotton at sea on the Ist of September tn each
year, there will then be apparent a decrease in
place of an increase. If w e take 37 days as the
average passage of cotton ships, then we ar
rive at the following comparison ofthe quanti
ties at sea on the day in each year:
Quantities of Cotton at Sea, Sept. 1, 1849 1848.
Bules. Bales.
Shipped from the U. States for
G. Britain, at July 241,506,054 1,<05,632
Ditto at Sept. 11,535,490 1,318,166
Difference on the passage 29,436 112,354
The shipments in the present year were ear
lier than last year. Solbat, while there were
112 354 bales on the passage on the Ist of Sept
shipped between the 24th of July and that date
last year, there were in the present year only
29,436 biles. The comparison of stocks then,
properly belonging to this market, will be as
follows: —
September 1, 1849. 1848.
Bales. Bates.
Io the three f 0rt5717,400 66 J, 300
At sea- 29,436 112,354
746,836 781,654
Thus showing a real decrease in the stock of
this country of 34 818 bales, which added to the
decrease in the United States, makes a total of
79.785 bales.
The next point that we require to consider