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•,V WILLIAM S JONES.
Serins, &c.
THE WEEKLY
CHRONICLE AND SENTINEL
I* Published every Wednesday,
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Business &ivos.
ToPtofassional EBusiness Me;..
PRUPESSIO NAL A ND UUSI NESS CAROS, mi
exceeding air lines, wifi be inserted under this oca j
hi lherate of $lO per annum. Cards exceeding >»x
lines, will be charged prorata periine.
3ttorni«o aiib Solicitors.
Bt'KCH <k- TILLEY,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW.
NEWNAN, GA.,
Will practice in the counties of the Coweta Cir
cuit, and the Supreme Court at Macon and Decatur.
R. S. Burch. John M. Tillky.
mhl7-wly
Robkrt W. Simms. | John Askew.
SIMMS <Sc ASKEW,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
NEWNAN, GEORGIA,
53* Will practice in all the counties of the Cowe
ta Circuit, and in the Supreme Court at Macon and
Decatur. Ail business entrusted to them shall have
prompt attention. mh!3-wly
WILLIAM A. LEWIS,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
CUMMING, FORSYTH CO., GA.
CoHeciing, and other professional business,
promptly attended to. Persons owning land in the
county of Forsyth, can sell it, through me, at its
value, and at small coat. mb3-wly
Jos. B. Joses. | Malcom £>. Jones
J. B. A M. D. JONES,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
WAYNESBORO*, GEORGIA.
jOKiy
EDWARD H. POTTLE,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
WARREN TON ... GEORGIA.
vqp Will continue to practice in Warren, Hancock,
Wilkf-a, Taliaferro, and all of the counties of the
Northern Uiienit, and Columbia, Jelferson and
Washington of the Middle.
Refer to Threewius, Hudson & Shivers ; G. Ct
Cody &. Co., Warrenton. ja2o
t*. B. EDMONDSON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
NEWNAN, GEORGIA,
nr Will promptly attend to all buainere entrusted
to bis care, in any of the conntiea of the Coweta cir- I
cuit. ja22-wly
JOUS W. POWELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
NEWNAN, GEORGIA,
TV Will practice in all the coanlieaof the Cowe
ta circuit. All busiaeae entruated to nia care, will
receive prompt attention. ja22-wly
Thomas M. Bxbbicn, | John T. Shbwmakz.
BKUUIKS Ct SHEWMAKE,
ATTORNEYS AT LAW,
MIDDLE DISTRICT, GEORG! I.
npOSwat Waynesboro, Burka county, Goo.
9p-g' - .
JAMES <i. GOULD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Aagusta, .-Georgia,
commissioner for Massachusetts and
CONNECTICUT,
n<* Will practice in the several counties of the Mid
dle Ciwuit. OiEco over P. A. Moise’s Drug
Store. s2V
JAMES G. COLLIER,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
r Augusta Ge.
W ill ptacuee in the several Courts of the Mid
dle Circuit. OiKce at the corner ol Broad and
Campbell sireata.
/?e/cr<ncc.'—James L. Patiigru, Esq., Charles
ton; Hon. Edward Y, Hill, Lagrange; Wm. T.
Gould, Esq, Messrs. A. J. de T. W. Miller, Esq’.,
and Mesore. Baker A Hart, Augusta. u2-ly
SAMUEL ELBERT KERR,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
AUGUSTA, GA.,
TV Will practice fa the severs I counties in he
Middle Circuit, and will thankfully receive and
promptly attend to any business with which he may
be entrusted.
KarsasNOEs.—John Hope, New York; L. M.
and 11. W Ponse AI ’-0., Charleston ; Adams & Far
go, Gould, Bulkley A Co., Haviland, Risley dt Co,,
Kerrs A Hope, Wm. M. D’Antignac, and Wm. T.
Gould, Esq., Augusta.
<V Otfice with Judge Starnes, one door south of
PosloSee. aS
JOHN K. JACKSON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Augusta,Georgia.
OF Will practice in Richmond, and the neighboring
Counties of the Middle Circuit. Oilice next be
low Messrs. A. J. A T. W. Miller’s—Up Stairs.
References: — Messrs. Mixer A Pitman, Boston ;
Messrs. Huleleil A Hrokaw, S. C. I tonic, Blake A
Brnws, John K. Hora, G. O. Hoisted, New York;
Messrs. W. M. Martin, L. M. AB. W.ForceA Co.,
Charleston; Messrs A. J. 51 T. W. Miller, Adams
A Fargo, w. K. Jncka n A Go., Augusta. 025-ly
IRWIN A KNIGHT,
ATTORNEYS AND COUNSELLORS
AT LAW,
MARIETTA, GEORGIA.
TV " 'll abend the Courts in the counties of Cobb,
DeKalb, Foray th, Cherokee, Care, Paulding, Floyd,
Campbell, Carroll, aud Heard.
Return Day —Twenty days previous to each
Term.
The Circuit Court U. 9. at Marietta, 2d Monday
tn March and September ; and also, the Supreme
Court of the State of Georgia, at Cassville and De
catur, felT-ly
> E. C. SHACKELFORD,
ATTORNEY AT LAW
LEXINGTON, SIA.
Reference. — Hon. A.H.S-rsrHkns, Crawfordville
Sa. ap23-wly.
JOHN P. WILDE,
ATTORNEY AND COUNSELLOR AT
LAW,
.Vo. 13 St. Charles street, Room No. 10, up slain,
New Orleans.
nr All claims and collections intrusted Io his
ears will meet with prompt and faithful attention.
dIR-ly
G. PUTNAM,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Warrenton, Georgia. apU-ly
ListokSrarnhss, ) J. L. Htar.
STEPHKNS A lIRD,
ATTORNIES AT LAW,
CRAWFORDVILLE, GA.
TyWIU practice in all the Counties of the North
; st a circuit. jyl6-ly*
WM. T. TRAMMELL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ROMS,
FlojrH ConutyGeorgia.
TV Will ah» practice in the counties of Paulding,
Casa, Cherokee, Gilmer, Murray, Walker, Dads and
Chitiooga. Refer to Hand, Williams & Co., Thus.
Barrett Jt Co., Adams, Hopkins A Co., Gould i
Bnlkley, Augusta, Ga. telO-wly
JOHN R. STANFORD,
ATTORNEY at law,
Clarkesville ■■ Ga.
TV Will procure iu the enuauea of Clarke, Frank
lin, Habersham, Lampkin, Forsyth, Gilmer, Union
Murray and Gwinnett, and in the Federal Circuit
Court for Georgia. 17y
N. G. A A. O- FOSTER,
ATTORNEYS at law.
T*P The urdolsigned are atill engaged in the prae-
Ucoef Law.
Otßee at Madlsoa, Mergas Caaaty, Ga.
All bofonesseau voted to them, will meet with prompt
and eibcieat attention. N. G. FOSTER,
t,28-tf
CHAPLBY K. STROTHER,
ATTORNEY at law
«v Practices la thn Northern Circuit. AU business
will receive prompt and e 16c lent attention.
jyofte.il Unoofolon, Ga. je2b-tf
BOBKRT HESTER.
ATTORNEY at law,
KlkertanGeorgia.
TN- will few nee to the counties cf KseM,
»»«, Lmsoin, Ogietbtwye, Msdiasn sad Frank Ms.
_ »y£My .
JOSHUA HILL,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
MwSlmm aad Moallcsllo Georgia.
CV Ah busiores addraiaed to hint at either pines
for the cesnucaol Morgan and Jasper, and those
•* u ”reiv» prompt attemioa. a3
hsitSßl. J. Ratty. I RkBAXIS CcMlllMa.
' bailey & CVMMING,
ATTORNEYS at law.
haadanwlUa «...Georgia.
aJX?*** s ** «’•«'•* oewetiee ts the Mid-
«• I4reuu.
JHTSR m. DORSEY,
attorney at la w.
w—‘7,.' me foemm Cueua.
»-■—l v Athene,
W ' J
Business €avOs«
L. C. SIMPSON,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
ATLANTA. - - GEORGIA.
W Willproinptlv attend toall businesrentrusted
totiVcare. f&Jy
ROBERT E. WOODING,
ATTORNEY AT LAW,
Appling, Georgia. f2B-w!y
lUardjoim anS Commission.
ALLEN, BALL A CO.,
FACTORS AND COMMISSION MBH
CHANTS,
No. 111! Bay-street, Savannah, Ga.
CVMa. H. F. RUShELL will make liberal AD
VANCES on all Produce consigned to oor address
from Augusta.
Robert A. Allbn.
James M. Ball.
a22-Bin John V. Tarver.
J. G. DIDLAKE A CO.,
COMMISSION AND FORWARDING
MERCHANTS,
Chattanooga, Tenn.
ja22-ly
THOMAS W. FLEMING,
COMMISSION MERCHANT
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA,
Continues to do business on Mclutosh-rtreet,
aud solicits consignments of Produce. dll-w6m*
CHARLES P. MeCALLA,
COMMISSION AND FORWARDING
MERCHANT,
o 2 APALACHICOLA... .FLORIDA, ly
W. H. C. MILLS,
FACTOR A COMMISSION MERCHANT,
Continues bukinesti at Ins old stand,
Ko. 176 Bay-street, Savannah, Georgia.
t
Alestrs. I)’Antigna: <f- Evans, Augusta
“ Charles Day ■f' Co., Maum.
ol •• E. Padteford <f- Co., Savannah.
L. Jeffers. | W.S. Cothran
JEFFERS, COTHRAN A CO.
FACTORS AND COMMISSION MER
CHANTS
AUGUSTA, Ga., and HAMBURG, So. Ca
Jy2B
lUeiJkal Profession.
o7 MUNSON, M. D.,
SURGEON DENTIST,
HAS just returned to Augusta with
bis family, to locate permanently.
TYJ Dr. M. tenders his sincere thanks to
the citizens of AugU'.ta fiir their former liberal pa
tronage and truly kind treatment when a stranger;
and as he has now become a citizen, he pledges him
self that no pains thali be spared to please and profit
all who fevor him with their patronage.
The fellowing gentlemen have k'ndiy given thoir
names as reference: Professors Paul P. Eve, A.
Means, H. P. Campbell, and John Bones, of Augus
a.
A. Church, D. D., President, and Professors Wad
dell and LeConte, of Franklin College, Athena.
Office at Mrs Campfield’s. d4-w
MEDICAL CARD.
DR. W K« DKAItINO has permanently lo
cated in Augusta and tenders bis professional ser
vices to the citizens of this place and Hamburg. Re
sidence in Mr. Smvall’s building, five door* above
W. K. Kitchen’s Drug Store. gjyOffice, Parlours
of the Mansion House. j«l3- ly
Jron Jonaories.
NEESON A TILKEY,
EAGLE IRON & BRASS FOUNDRY
AUGUSTA, GA.
Immediately above the lot of the old Planters’ Hotel.
J3* Oearing for Factories, Mills, Gins, Ac., and
other castings, made to order. Also Patterns of every
description. All work warranted. Orders from the
country will receive prompt attention. ap22
Hotchkiss’ Water-wheels on hand and to order.
SELECTED POETRY.
SONG UP STEAM.
The following fine poem, by George W.
Cutter, of Covington, (Ky.) Blackwood has
pronounced, “the best lyric of the century
Harness me dowu with your iron bands,
Be sure of your curb and rein,
For 1 scorn the etrengtti of your puny hands,
As the tempest scorns a chain ;
How 1 laughed ae I lay concealed from tight,
For many a countless hour,
At the childish batata of human might,
And the pride of human power I
When I raw an army upon the land,
A navy upon the seas,
Creeping along, a snail-like band,
Or waiting a wayward brevxe ;
When 1 marked rhe peasant larauy reel
With the toil which ho faintly bore
As he turned at lha lardy wheel,
Or lugged al the weary oar; —
When I mewured the anting conreer’s speed,
The flight of the carrier dove,
Aa they bore a law a king decreed,
Or the lioea of impatient love ;
I could not but think how the world would feel,
At these were outstripped afar,
When I should be bo md to the rushing keel,
Or chained to the flying car !
Hal ha I ha I They found me al last;
They invited me forth al length ;
And I ruahad to my throne with a thunder blast
And laughe I in’ioy iron strength I
Oh I then ye aaw a wondrous change
On the earthand ocean wide.
Where now my fiery armies range.
Nor wait for wind or tide.
Hurrah! hurrah I the watete o’er
The mountains steep decline ;
Time—space have yielded to my power
The world —the world is mine!
The giant streams of the queenly West,
And the Orient floods divine.
The ocean pales where’er I sweep,
To hear my strength rejoice,
And the monsters of the briny deep
Cower trembling at my voice,
1 carry the wealth and the lord of earth ;
The thoughts of the god-like mind ;
The wind lags after my going forth,
The lightning is left behind.
In the darksome depths of the fathomless mine
My tireless arm doth play,
Where the locks ne’er saw the sun’s decline,
Or the dawn of the glorious day.
I bring earth’s glittering jewels up
From the hidden caves below,
And I make the fountain's granite cup
With a crystal gush o’erflow !
1 blow the bellows, I serge the steel,
In all the shops of trade ;
I hammer the ore, and turn the wheel,
W here my arms of strength are made.
I manage the furnace, the mill, the mint—
I carry, I spin, I weave;
And all my doings I put in print,
On every Saturday eve.
I’ve ro muscle to weary, no breast to decay,
No bones to be “laid on the sbelf,”
And soon I intend you may “go and play,”
While 1 manage the woild myself.
But harness me down with your iron bands,
Be sure of your curb and rein ;
For I acorn the strength of your puny hands.
As the tempest scorns a chain !
GENTLENESS. it m*s. hrma kb
If tbon hast crushed a flower,
The mol may not be blighted—
If thou hast quenched a lamp,
Once inor* it may be lighted ;
But on thy harp, nr on thy lute.
The string which thou hast broken,
Shall never iu sweet sound again,
Give to thy touch a token !
If thou bast kneed a bird,
Whom voice of song coaid r.hear thee,
Still, atill, ha may be won
From Ute skies, to warble near thee ;
But if upon the troubled aee,
Thou hast thrown a gem unheeded.
Rope not that wind or ware shall bring
The treasure back when needed.
II thou but bruised a rise,
The summer's breath Is healing,
And its clusters yet may prow
Thro’ the lenses their bloom revealing ;
But if thou hut a cup o’er thrown.
With a bright draught filled—O, never
Shall the earth give back that lavish wealth
To cool thy poren’d Kps’ fever.
The heart is like that cup.
If thou waste the love it bore thee,
And like that jewel gone,
Which the deep will not restore thee —
And like that string of harp and lute
Whence the sweet sound is scattered —
Gently, O gently touch the cords
So soon lorever scattered 1
Exsavatioss w Ponrzil—Late excavations
have brought to light many curious and long
lost arts supposed to be invented recently, but
which were known to the Romans and buried
up for ages under the deluge of Gothic
barbarism and conquest All the discoveries
made iu thia ancient city go to establish the
fact that at the time of meir destruction the
Romans were nearly as far advanced in eivili
zation as wo are at the present moment.
Rich sales, ornamented with silver, have been
discovered, with beautiful couches of the most
axceHeul workmanship. Rich paintings, rich
mosaic work, and elegant gold and silver orna
ments.
We dip the above says the Mobile Adverti- I
ter, from one of our exchanges. It will
doubtless, be rather mortifying to the vanity
and sell glorification of the present - leading
lights" on the path of modern civilization, to
find that they are at the present day barely in
vie* of the highest point to which ancient civi
hzalioa was earned by nations classed in his
tory as barbarians But the evidence* are mul
tiplying tonstanllv on tb» point, and tend
strongly to prove the high civilization and per
lection in the arte and sciences attained by the
aacWDl*-
The mutations es time are. indeed, wonder
10l to contemplate Man. as a Civilized being,
appears to have been revolving for untold a
gee around a common centre—to have had ibis
culminating point mcrvthntion. from which be
settles back into the deep dark region* of bar
banem. again to commence bis slow and led
seme journey, bis ascent towards the—to bis
eye—dim light of civilization, in it* elevation
above him.
Is net this the history of man—hi* destiny I
And may we nolle fast approaching that
poiatmthe circle beyond which man, with all
hi* boasted wisdom, ha* never been able to
peoetrat*
POLITICAL.
MEXIC ♦ N LAWS ABOLISHING
slavery in California.
SPEECH OF MR. BENTON,
OF MISSOURI-
Mr. Benton Mr. President; It has been
affirmed and denied on this floor that slavery
was abolished in Mexico. I am one of those
I who affirm its abolition; and I propose now
to read some passages from Mexican law, for
I the purpose of supporting my opinion In
i doing this, I shall have recourse to authentic
i law publications in Mexico, and shall produce
the laws on which I rely, both in the original
i language and in an English translation. Ibe
gin with the decree of the President Guerrent
iu 1829, and read from a book which was prin
ted in the city of Mexico in the year 1838, and
which is the eleventh volume of the Ums cf
Mexico, officially published under the orders of
the Supreme Government. I will read the ti
tle page to show its authentic and official char
acter. This is it:
In English: u Collection of laws, decrees, proc I a
mations, regulation?, circulars, and official orders of I
the supreme powers, and other authorities of the
Mexican republic, made by order of the Supreme Go
vernment by the lawyer Basilio Jose Arrillaga.”
From this title it will be seen that
hnne, from which I propose to read the decree
of J 829 is not only authentic and official, but
that it is the work of a lawyer acting under the
orders of the Supreme Government, and sup
posed to know what were and what were not the
laws of his country. With this exposition of
the character of the work, and its tilldto credit,
I proceed to read the decree. It stands thus
on page 213, under the month of
1829:
In English: i! Day 15.— Decree of the Govern
ment in virtue of extraordinary power.
“ Abolition of slavery in the republic. —Jst.
Slavery is abolished in the republic. 2d. Conse
quently those are free who until now have been con
sidered as slaves. 3d. When the circumstances of
the treasury permit it, the owners of slaves shall be
indemnified in the manner prescribed by the laws.
(Circulated the same day from the Department of
Relations, and published in the proclamation of the
161h.’ )
This is the decree of Guerrera, the validity
of which has been disputed, and not without
reason, if nothing further had been done. It
was a decree, and not a law; and a decree up
on a legislative subject. It was an executive
decree upon a matter of legislation, and its va
lidity was questioned at the time. Two years
afterwards (that is to say, in the year 1831) the
general Congress occupied itself with reviewing
all the acts of the President Guerrera in virtue
of the extraordinary powers conferred upon
him, and on the 15U1 of February of that year
passed a law in relatiou to them. This law
classified the whole of these acts, annulled some
classes, confirmed others, and reserved some
for the future revision of the General Con
gres . This latter class appears to have com
prehended the decree of the 15th September,
1829, in relation to the abolition of slavery, and
was in these words :
Its English: “9. All the laws, decrees, regula
tions, orders, and instructions issued by the Govern
ment in virtue of its extraordinary powers, and which
are of legislative cognizance, will be subject to the
qualification of the general Congress, remaining from
this time without force until their revision by the
chambers.”
Thia act ia cautiously drawn. It does not
annul the decree of the 15th of September :
it does not confirm it; admits its validity up to
(ha* time, but suspends it until the General
Congress should act upon it. This action
took place in the month oi April 1837 and
will now read the act which was then passed-
It is in the same authentic collection of the
laws of Mexico—-Arrdlaga’s collection—from
which 1 have already read, an I is volume
thirteemh of that collection. At page 270 of
thia volume, tinder date of April sth, 1837, wo
find this act of the General Congress:
In English: “ Day 6. Slavery is abolished in
the Republic, without any exception.
<( 1. Slavery is abolished, without any exception,
in the wltole Republic. 2. The masters of slaves
manumitted by the present law, or by the decree of
the 15th of September, 1629, (Recopilacion of that
month, p. 213.) shall be indemnified for their value,
{de interes de ellos,} according to the estimate which
shall be made of their personal qualities ; to' which
effect there shall be named a competent person (un
perilo) by the commissary general, or whoever occu
pies bis place, and another by the master; and in
case of disagreement a third, who shall be named by
the respective constitutional alcalde, without any re
course from thia determination. The’ndemnificiition
of which t bis article speaks, shall not have operation
with respe t to those colonists ol Texas who may have
taken partin the revolution of that department. (Cir
culated the same day by the Minister of the Interior,
ami publ shed in proclamation the 7th.”
This act of the General Congress is a full
confirmation of the Presidential decree ol
September, 1829, and that without reference
to the meaning ofthe verb 'queda,” twice used
and which signifies literally “ remains.” The
literal translation would be, “ slavery nmatm
aitoiishcAl," would imply mat it had
been abolished before. I translate it idiomati
cally, and as equivalent to ** is but coneid
er it of no importance here, as the law express
ly confirms the abolition decree of Guerrera.
Thus far we have a decree, dispu ed. abol
ishing slavery in Maiieo, and a law, not dis
putable, confirming that decree ; and here 1
might stop ; but the case require* me to go on,
and I produce other law, and still higher than
that which 1 have quoted. 1 allude to the con
stitution of the republic of Mexico of the year
1843 1 have a copy of the Mexican constitu-
tion of that year —an authentic copy—printed
under the license which the law requires. For
to avoid errors in the addition of that funda
mental law, it is forbid, by law, to be reprinted
except by die permission of the supreme Gov
eanment or of the General Congress. This
copy is printed in the city of Mexico the 12th
day of June. 1844—the day of the signature
and promulgation of the constitution—and
bears its authorization upon its title page- I
consider it authentic, and produce it as such ;
and in article 9, title 2, of Ihu constitution, and
under the head which treats of the rights of the
i nhabitauts of the republic, and at the head of
the enumeration of those rights, stands this
declaration:
In English : 1. No one is a slave in the terri-
tory of the nation, and any introduced shall be con
sidered free, and shall be under the protection of the
laws.”
This is the declaration of the constitution of
Mexico, and applies both to the present and
the future. It declares that there are no slaves
in the territory of the nation, and if any are
brought in they shall be free This is surely
enough—enough to satisfy all minds, that
slavery has been abolished in Mexico, and
that there is not the least ground lor fearing,
or hoping, that it can ever exist in California
or New Mexico by virtue of Mexican law It
is enough, I think ; but I have more authority
yet, and will produce it. though a work of
supererogation. For this is a case to multiply
authorities until doubt is extinguished—to
heap up and pile up—to put Pelion upon
Ossa—until al! beneath is crushed into atoms
and expunged from view. Behold this for
midable quarto! (.holding up a large book.] —
It is a Spanish law dictionary, printed iu Mad
rid, reprinted in Mexico, gone through several
editions in each country, and authority in
both. Il is the law dictionary of Escriche, in
Spain, and of &ui Migiul, m Mexico ; and
here is one, and there is the other. The
Spanish edition is full upon the subject ol
slaves and slavery definitions; the Mexican
reprint of the same work (1837) omits the
head, and says, under the bead ‘'esclavitud,”
it is not necessary to occupy a couple ol col
umns with slavery aud slave trade—that the
trade was abolished by treaty with Great
Britain, and slavery itself by the laws of the
republic—and then spoaks of Guerrera’s de
cree of 1829, and of the confirmatory act of
1837. in these words:
in English : “ Tbe decree ©f the 1 Sth of Septets
her, 1829, gave liberty to the slaves then in the re
public, with indemnity io their owners or possessore,
that pmperty might not seem to be attacked: and
finally, in April, 1837, a n*:w law has been published
on the abolition of s!aveiy.”
This ia the historical account of the abolition
of slavery in Mexico The reprint was in the
year 1837, and therefore could not mention
the constitutional declaration of 1843 The
law dictionary of Escriche. and its reprint with
notes and additions by San Miguel to adapt it
to the Mexican jurisprudence, are of as high
authority iu Spain and in the American States
of Spanish origin, ss the law dictionary of
Jacob » with us.
I quote no more upon this head. I think
every one must ire that slavery was abolished
throughout the Mexican territory before the
eeuion of California and Naw Mexico to the
United Stales, and that slavery cannot exist
there now by virtue of Mexican law. This is
as far as I propose to go upon that point at
present. 1 limit myseh to showing its abol
ishment, by Mexican law, before we acquired
the countries; and that is enough, in mv opin
ion, to show tbe Wilmot proviso, in relation
to these countries, co be a thing ot nothing
an empty provision—a cleud without raiu—
unless it be a rain of blood.
But there is another view of this point which
I mean to touch, and that is, to sliow that Afri
can slavery never did exist io Mexico in ihe
form dial n now exists in any Slate of this
Union : that there were differences io the Mex
ican Gw while it existed, au.l that «. such a
degree that u nearly prevented slavery in Mex
ico : aud that, if that law was now in foil force
in New Mexico and California, not a single
slaveholder in any State of thts Union would
carry a slave there except to set him free
1 neae differeuces went to the facilities and the
rights of manumtraion, and arose from the
oppositepotray Os the two countries; in the
United States to discourage emaneipatien. in
Mexico to promote it. To show these differ
| enees I will read frets Humboldfa esaav on
New Spate, aud from the law dictionary of
FsericAr. 1 use Humboldt first, and read from
the Paris quarto edition of 1808 :
• : - U anorfr , the slaves, who happily
and ibeamives tn very smalt numUers m Mexico.
arvfoave.es™ ail foe planish poraereioas. a little
•ere protected by foe law, than negroes wboiahahis
ibe cotooiee ot Olber European tMUoos. The laws
are Uwaysmleqaraed ia fovor rs liberty. The Go
”r,a,.ll"l'i» to we foe amaber oi entranchired
11 A dare who, by his industry, may
have froenred money, can compel hie maaier lo en
trucira him by paying him foe madenie sam ol
1,500 or 2.000 hvres Liberty cannot be refused
a aegro under the pretext foil ire cost the triple in
porchnwag him, or that he pnnessre a social (alenl
foreserening a lucrelire unde. A stay, who h»
benueneetly maltreated acquiree clrareoy his ea&na
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING. APRIL 3, 1850
cliisemem according to the law, provided always the
judge embraces the cause of the oppressed. One
may conceive that this beneficent la w is often eluded.
1 saw, nevertheless, in Mexico itself, in the month
1 of July, 1803, the example oi two oepresses to whom
the magistrate, who exercised the functions of al
calde of the cou r t, gave their liberty, because their
mistress, a native woman of the islands, had covered
them with wounds made with scissors, pins, and
knives.”—Page 133-’4.
t 1 “ The kingdom of New Spain is, of all the colonies
of the Europeans under the torrid zone, that in which
there are the fewest negroes; one may almost say
that there are no slaves. One may go all over the
city of Mexico without meeting a black face. No
house is there served with slaves. Under this point
of view, above all, Mexico offers a great contrast
i with Havana, with Lima, and Carracas.” —Page
i i 130.
I will now read from Escriche, who, as a law
writer, is more full and precise, and shows
such a multitude of cases in which a tdave
could easily obtain or actually force his free
dom, that, under such laws, in a country where
J slaves were of any value, no man would or
could hold them. 1 read from the dictionary,
under the words, Esclave, Esclavitud:
In English : The master makes his own what
ever his slaves gain and acquire, by whatever title;
and if he puts them at the head of a shop, stall, or
’ I other establishment whatsoever, he shall be obliged
to attend to an i fulfil all contracts they may make,
as if himself had entered into them.” —Law 7, tit.
21, Part 4.
“ The master who may be above the age of 14
years may liberate his slave by testament ; and he
who may be above the age of 20, may liberate him
by instrument, or before the judge, or even before
friend®, with the aid of five witnesses; moreover,
the minor of 20 and over 16, may give liberty, wi h
consent of his guardian, to his child had by a slave
woman, to his father, mother, brother, and teacher,
or to his nnrse, or to the person who shall have
brought him up, or whom he shah havebr usiht up,
apd to bis foster brother, to the servant who maty bare
saved him lros death or from dishonor, to him whom
he may wish to make extrajudicial administrator of
his goods, being of 17 years, and to the slave woman
with whom he may propose to marry.”—Law 1, tit.
22, Part 4.
“If two or more masters have a stave, either of
them may liberate him, giving to the others the just
price which belongs to each ; and even a third party
may purchase him for the purpose of setting him
free.”—Law 2, tit. 22, Part 4.
“The slave shall deserve hia liberty in the four
following cases : 1. If he shall inform on the ravisher
or forcer of a virgin woman; 2 If he discovers the
maker of false money; 3 II he shall disc* ver a mili
tary chief who abandons his post; 4 If he shall in
form on the murderer of his master, or shall avenge
his death, or discover treason against the king or the
kingdom. la the three first cases the king shall
give the price of the slave to his master.”—Law 3,
tit. 22, Part 4.
If the master publicly pros' itutes his slave wo
man, she is thereby freed, and he cannot recover
her, or have any tight over her.” —Law 4, lit, 22,
Part 4.
“ Finally, a slave will acquire his liberty by con
tracting matrimony with a free person, or by receiv
ing f-acred orders, with the knowledge and consent
of bis master; as likewise by prescription, when in
gojd faith he shall be called a free man for ten years
in the country where his master lives, cr for twenty
years in another, or without good faith for the space
of thirty.”—Laws 5,6, 7, tit. 22, Part 4.
I conclude this exposition of Mexican law
in relation to slavery by producing the defi
nition of lhat’word in Spanish law. For this
purpose I quote from the same law dictionary,
Escriche, where we find it thus: “ Esclavitud: (
El estado de un hombre quo ts propriedad de
otro contra el derecho natural.” In English :
“ Slavery: the condition of a man who is the
property of another against natural right.” I
quote this definition for ihe purpose of show- |
ing that, under the laws of Spain, in force in i
Mexico, slavery was held to be against natn- |
ral right—therefore, not derived from nature
or divine law, but founded in municipal law, ,
and only existing by positive enactment —and,
by consequence, that no argument in favor
of slavery in New Mexico or California as an ,
institution of divine origin, or of any place, in- i
dependent of positive law, can derive any ■
counicrance from Spanish law. Further
than this Ido not go at present. 1 limit my- |
self to the three points, which, I believe, 1 have |
established ; first, that slavery was abolished <
iu California and New Mexico before we ac
quired those countries; secondly, that, even if
not abolished, no person would carry a slave
to there countries to be held under such law; .
thirdly, that no slavery can hereafter exist in
either of those countries, except by virtue of |
positive law, yet to be passed. The practical
application which I make of this exposition of
law is, that the proviso of which we have
heard so much is of no force whatever. —un-
necessary in any point of view—and of no
more effect, if passed, then a piece of blank |
paper pasted on the statute book.
From du Alabama Journal.
Washington Rumors.
A sjatem prevails at Washington, atnoug
some unprincipled letter-writers, of starting,
through the telegraph and otherwise, slanders
against Gen- Taylor's administration. They
araannoymoiis, and are usually headed—“ Gen.
Taylor, it is taid,” is doing this or that or has
A short time since, a paragraph which origi
nated in this way. was copied ae a fact by the
democratic press of the country, as follows :
“ It ieuatd,” says the paragraph, “ that a com
mittee of Southern gentlemen waited on Gen.
Taylor, who threatened tile in, if Hie South at
tempted to resist, that he would put himself al
the head of the army and navy, and call for
Northern and Western volunteers.” and “hang
every mother's son of them, by the F. ernal!”
This ridiculous, anonymous statement, which
is but an old story in relation lo Gen. Jackson
revamped, was, without anv authentication,
published and sent to the people as the actual
declaration of old Zach. It is not necessary to
say that there was never such a committee, or
such a declaration, and nothing of the nature
has been vouched for from any respectable
source.
This ia gross injustice to the old veteran ;
whatever might be his determination he would
not be likely te speak of it—bragging was ne
ver one of his peculiarities.
Os the same class is the following, now go
ng the rounds of the papers:
special Telegraphic Correspondence.
Wmhisstos, March 11, 1850.
The President, it is said, has issued secret instruc
lions to coiuoiandauts of the various military stations
to hold themselves in readiness for action, in case the
preceding* of the Nashville Convention should re
quire it.
This, says the National Intelligencer, will be
seen to be false on the face of it “Il io said
By whom is it said 1 Whors was it said 1 Yet
many people will not think of these questions.
No individual has probably ever conceived
such a thing hut the person who transmitted
it to New York for the purpose of deception,
and making mischief, with no deeper motive,
perhaps, than that he might make merit, per
next day’s “ special correspondence,” of con
tradicting a story which is a sheer fabrication
of hia own.
The next story will be. as likely us not, that
it is said that tbe President has ordered a hun
dred or two barrels of gunpowder to be placed
in the basement or cellar of the Capitol, in or
der to blow up both houses of Congress.
Mk. Calhoiov is Kxstdckt.—The Louis
ville Democrat— the leading democratic paper
in the South We<t, and the rival of lite Louis
ville Journal in ability and influence—devotes
three and a halfcolumns to a review and a
condemnation of the speech of Mr. Calhoun
I? repudiates his plan altogether—denounces
his history o r the present agitation as “inaccu
rate” and as a “ gross perversion of truth.”
Tha Democrat txpresses the voice of the de
mocracy of Kentucky in reference to this
speech — Southern Advocate.
No Doubt .'—Among other arguments used
by the Charleston Mercury in favor of “ a
dtssoluiiou of the Union," is the cogent one,
that England would rejoice at the event! This
is a beautiful argument to be used by a man
calling himself ait American I We have
however, little doubt but that England
would be delighted to acquire a powerful ready
made empire by treason and treachery, which
the whole force of her arms, backed by the
contraction of an Irredeemable national debt,
failed to accomplish. If the truth was known,
England has at this moment, her paid emissa
ties all over the Union, fanning the flames of
civil discord and strife. Her motto in Ireland.
India aud America ever has been. divide and
conquer." Consequently, such arguments ae
that of the Mercury, instead of strengthening,
must weaken the cause of those who employ
them. The people cannot help doubting the
propriety of any course which panic England
looks upon not only with composure, but ap
probation. For our part, we are determined
to do nothing which by the remotest possibili
ty can give aid and comfort to England, or
bring our country back to its Btate of colonial
vassalage. — Jackson Southron.
Gas. T*ylok amd ths Union.—“ lon, the
well known Washington correspondent of tbe
Baltimore Sun, in some remarks in relation to
the false rumors by anonymous writers, that
Gen. Tavlor had tnreatened to “ hang, draw
and quarter ” those who attempted to resist
abolition aggressions.&c., says;
“ I imagine that the President has hardly contem
plated, as yet, the occurrence of sueb events, and has
hardly prepared lor them.
** He slated lo a eeniletpaa of this city, who had
just now arrived from foe South, that while he was
here he should endeavor in preserve the Union, but
that if the lime should come when tbe Union cautml
be maintained without force, it would no longer be
wwlh preferring. Tbe President, in this remark
and my authority is foe gentiemen to whom it was
pmd,—has shown that bis uominalioa for the oSce
was ooe fit lo be mads. To tnet short speech no
thing can be added. It ia worth a week’s oratory in
Congress.” ____
Cossisrsscv.—Mr. Calhoun thinks that it
was a crime in President Taylor’s administra
tion to advise the people of California to insti
tute a State Government. He regards it as
an outrageous tuierferference iu a matter in
which the admiuistratrovt had no- right to con
cern itself.
TTie Louisville Journal remarks :
“We wonder if this strange man forgets
that he himself, whilst Secretary of State un
der John Tyler, urged upon Texas, not then a
territory ot the United States, but a foreign re
public. the importance of forming a State Gov
ernment. with the view of getting forthwith
into tbe'Umon 1 fotnereany conceivable in
consistency of which the political career of
John C. Calhoun doesnot present ooeor more
specimens f”
gr r.he balance io tbe Sub-Treasury tn
the cuv of New York has reached ihe sum o
GEORGIA LEGISLATURE.
List of Acts Pas.eil since the Recess.
Ths list of Acts passed previous to the Re
cess, we have before publisher The follow
ing list embraces all acts of funeral interest
passed since the Recess, which have received
the signature of the Governor,, viz :
An act to perfect service of X-ire facias on
absent defendants, in case- of dormant judg
ments.
An act to regulate the of deeds in
evidence in certain cases. X
An act to incorporate Ma<l|»on Collegiate
Institute.
An act for the relief of Henry D. Moore.
An act to grant certain privileges to the
Burke Guards, a Volunteer Company of In
fantry in the county of Burka, and to the se
cond division of the Independ. ni Fire Compa
ny of Augusta.
An act to alter and define certain perilous
of the boundary lines between the counties of
Taliaferro and Warren, and the counties of
Taliaferro and Hancock, and for other purpo
ses therein named.
An act to make residence iu the Judicial
District a uecesaary qualification for Stales
Attorney and Solicitors General.
An act to amend an act to provide for the
education of the poor, assented to December
27th, 1843, so far as relates to the county of
Warren, and also to regulate tfiS distribution
of >he poor School Fund, where- returns are
not made.
An act to prevent the killing of’ deer at cer
tain periods in the county of Richtiirind.
An act to impose certain duties on the
Treasurer and Trustees of th. X ot,r School
uh.-, coiiuty
An act to amend a i act entitled an act, to
incorporate the Augusta and Waynesboro’
Railroad, passed 31st Dec , 1838, and the acts
amendatory thereof.
An act to alter and fix the time of holding
the Superior Courts in certain counties in the
Cherokee Circuit, and also the Superior' and
Inferior Conrtof Columbia county, and the
Inferior Court of Richmond county.
An act to repeal all laws and parts of laws
incorporating the town of Clarksville in the
county of Habersham.
An act to incorporate Buena Vista Acade
my in the county of Greene.
An act for the relief of Robert O’Barr, John
F. Brown, Edward A. Brown, Christopher
Dodd, Robert L. Jones, John L Terrell and
Wm. Headdeu of Cass connly.
An act to repeal an act entitled an act to ex
tend the corporate limits of the town of Tal
botton.
An act to provide for the granting of those
square lots and fractions of land which were
suspended from the sale contemplated by the
act assented to December, 1847, providing for
the sale of undrawn lots and ungranted frac
tions in the lotteries heretofore held in this
State.
An act to incorporate Mount Zion Church,
in the county of Irwin, and appoint trustees
forthe same, also to revive and make of force
the act incorporating the Presbyterian Church
in Milledgeville.
Au act to alter, amend and explain the first
sections of an act passed for the relief of co
securities, assented to the 22d Dec., 1840, and
to authorize c onstables to levy certain execu
tions.
An act to protect the people of this Slate
from vexatious prosecutions in cases where
Grand Jurors may hereafter refuse to find true
bills.
An act to change the line between the coun
ties of Ware aud Wayne.
An act to authorize the Trustees of the Male
Academy of the town of Greensboro’to sell
and dispose of a portion ol the laud belonging
to said Academy, and to appropriate the money
arising from the sale of the same.
An act to alter the time of holding the elec
tion for commissioners of the town of Greeue
boro’ and to alter and change the manner of
electing the marshal of said town.
An act io incorporate the town of Tunnel
Hill in the Bounty of Murray-
An act to incorporate the LaGrange Colle
giate Seminary for young ladies.
An act to revive the several acts passed by
former Legislatures of this State incorporating
the town of Crawfordsville iu the county of
Taliaferro.
An act to alter and fix the time for holding
the Inferior Courts of Baker county.
An act to incorporate an Academy at Cen
terville in the county of Camden, aad to pro
vide means for erecting a suitable building for
the same.
An act to extend the provisions of 1790, in
relation to notices to produce papers, books
writings, &c., so as to embrace cases iu Equi
ty, &c.
An act to alter and amend the I’Jth section
of tho second article of the Coustitutiun of the
Stale of Georgia.
Au act to alter and amend ihe ihytd section
An aet lo alter and amend an act entitled an
act to carry into effect the alterations sud
amendments made at the cession of foe Gener
al Assembly of 1833, in aud to foe third and
seventh section ofthe first article of the Con
stitution of this Slate, absented to 23d Dec.,
1833, so far as relates to the Senatorial Dis
t icts.
An aet to incorporate the LaGrange Rifle
men, ofthe county ofTroup, and to give them
certain privileges and exemptions.
An act to incorporate Pythagoras Chapter
No. 10; Hamilton Lodge No. 16; Dawson
Lodge No 67; Browns' Lodge No. 56 ; Me
ridian Sun Lodge 26; Dalton Lodge No. 105 ;
Magnolia Lodge No. 86; Luharly Inidge No.
97 ; Hiram Lodge No. 50; Marion Lodge No.
14; Philomathew Lodge No. 26; and Wes
tern Lodge No. 91; and for other purposes.
An actio alter and amend an act approved
Dec. 22d, 1832, which requires the Jailors of
the several counties of this State to advertise
or publish all runaway slaves io one of the
papers of Milledgeville.
An act to incorporate the Dahlonega aud
Marietta Turnpike and Plankroad Company,
the Cumming and Atlanta Turnpike and
Plankroad Company, the Cobb county and
Alabama Plank and Turnpike Road Company,
and the Washington Rail aud Plankroad Com
pany.
An aet to amend an aet entitled an act to
extend and define the corporate limits of the
town of West Point in Troup county, assent
ed to 26t1. Dec., 1835, so far as to make the
section thereof constitutional, and to secure
the rights of foe present owners ofthe Bridge
erected acrors the Chattahoochee River in
said town and for other purposes.
An act lo add a portion of the county of
Hall to the county of Lutnpkiu.
An act to abolish, change and establish new
election piecincts in the counties hereinafter
named and to confer certain powers upon the
Inferior Courts, and to authorize three free
holders lo manage and superintend elections
in certain cases
An act supplementary to the General Tax
laws and to tax certain property therein men
tioned, which has heretofore been exempt from
Taxation.
An act lo alter and amend an act entitled an
act to alter aud amend the several acts incor
porating the city of Macon, approved De
cember 27tli. 1847, and to abolish the office and
duty of assessor.
An actio establish, change and abolish certain
election precincts in certain counties therein
mentioned, and define the place of bolding
Justices’Court in certain districts therein de
signated.
An act to amend an act entitled au act con
cerning coroners' inquests, passed Dec. 22d,
1823.
An act to authorise the Inferior Court of the
county of Cass to levy an additional tax for
county purposes.
An act for tbe relief of Edward A. Fiew
ellen.
An act to alter and amend an act entitled an
act to authorise and empower executors and
administrators to make tides lo land in cer
tain cases, approved February the 15th, 1799
An act to authorize Notary PuiSffifs to ad
minister oaths, dtc.
An ac: to authorize the Treasurer toiofund
the purchase money with interest to purchasers
of fractions that had been previously drawn
for and afterwards sold by mistake., also the
graut fees where paid
Ao act to provide for the trial by the Su
perior Courts of this Biate of any slave or
free persons of color charged with any capi
tal offence against the laws of this State.
An act to authorize the clerks of tbe supe
rior courts to administer oaths iu certain eases,
and for other purposes.
An act to incorporate the Marietta Manu
facturing Company of Cobb county.
An act to incorporate the Southern Central
Baptist University of Georgia at Dalton.
Ao act to amend an act to incorporate the
Relief Society of the Georgia Annual Con
ference of the Methodist Episcopal Church,
assented to Dec *22d. 1838, by adding the
word " South,” and tn confer certain powers
upon the first Presbyterian church m Au
gusta.
An act to amend an act to incorporate the
Georgia Conference of the Methodist Episco
pal Church. and vest therein the title to certain
property, with au.Uoniy to dispose of the
saute, by adding the word “ Souui,” assented
io Dee. 11. 1841
An act to amend the several taws of this
Slate in relanou to writs of certiorari.
Au act to regulate foe testimony of attor
neys at law.
An act to exempt Emory College and other
colleges in this State from taxation, and lo
place them on the same fooling with the Uni
versity of Georgia.
An act to change, poial out and regulate the
meaner in which the returns of the several
banking institutions of this Slate shall hereafter
be made.
An act to prevent the judges ot ihe several
superior courts iu this State from making cer
tain charges or giving their opinions to or in
hearing of the jury, and to define foe same as
error.
An act to incorporate the Talbotton Branch
Railroad Compauv. and for other purposes.
Au act to authorize foe Savannah and Albany
Railroad Company to make aad use a
plank road and branches in connection with
tbeir railroad and branches, or in lieu there
of.
An act to revive, alter and amend an aet
entitled an act for preventing controversies con
cerning the boundariesof land, and for proces
sioning tbe same, approved Feb, 2d, 1798
An act to incorporate the Coosa River
Steamboat Company.
An act to incorporate the Cherokee College
of Georgia in the county of Floyd.
I An act to incorporate the village of Spring
, field in Effingham county and lo appoint com
it j miesioners for the same.
j Au act to relieve Justices of the Inferior
Court from Jury duty.
An act to authorize the county officers ol
a the counties of Irwin and Telfair, to publish in
■ any public gazette in ihe towns of Milledge
ville, Macun or Albany ; and the couu-
1 ty officers of Hancock county to publish in
any paper in this State; and the Sheriff of
9 Gwinnett, county, to advertise iu some paper
published in Augusta, Milledgeville or Athens,
at their option.
i An act to amend an act entitled an act to in-
■ corporate the town of Albany, in Baker cotin-
■ »y, and for other purposes therein named,
- ! assented to 10th December, 1841.
An act to amend an act passed at the lasi
i I session of the General Assembly, entitled an
f act for the relief of John 11. Mann, executor
f of James G. Stallings, deceased.
An act to repeal an act entitled an act to al-
■ ter and amend the several acts regulating roads
I in this State, so far as respects the operation of
i said act in the counties of Bryan, Liberty,
Mclntosh, Glynn and Wayne, approved Dec.
Bth, 1806, and to repeal the act of 1847, so fat
as respects the county of Mclntosh and lo
' provide for the filling of vacancies in the
board of commissioners authorised by the ori
ginal act of 1803, and for other purposes.
An act to incorporate a bank in the city of
Savannah, to be called the “Bank of Savan
nah.’ .
An aet to repeal an act to authorise the In
ferior Court of Lumpkin county, lo levy an
efwsJ&ii for ebtHtty pit ipines.
Au act to incorporate the Mulberry Grove
Manufacturing Company in the county of
i Harris and for other purposes therein men
tioned, also in relation to the Ruckersville
Banking Company.
An oct for the relief of Emory College for
taxes illegally assessed against the trustees of
said college.
An act to regulate and give control ofthe
fisheries on the Great Ogeet-hm.- river below
Hill’s bridge on the Darien road, Bryan coun
ty, and on the Savannah riv- r from Abercoru
creek to the mouth of said river, to the pro
prietors of the lands aud islands of said river ;
also to prevent illicit trading with slaves and
disseminating incendiary publications.
An act to authorise the settlement of crimi
nal prosecu ions in certain cases, and to regu
late more par'icularly the duties of the Attor
neys and Solicitor Generals, and fix tbeir
liabilities.
An act to add an additional section to the
first article of the Constitution.
An act to authorise the Sherifls, Coroners,
Clerks Os Superior and Inferior Courts, and
Courts oi Ordinary, in the several counties
in this State, to advertise in certain newspa
pers.
An act to prohibit Sheriffs and their dopu
ties from becoming directly or indirectly pur
chasers of property at their own sales; to
vacate all titles taken or held by them for pro
perty so purchased, and to make penal the
violation of this act, and to regulate their char
ges in certain cases.
An act for the survey and sale of all unsur
veyod and unsold Islands in the Chattahooche,
Ocmnlgee and Flint rivers, in this State.
An act to extend for five years the charter
of the Central Bank of Georgia.
An act in relation to affidavits of illegality
of executions.
An act for the relief of the estate of James
M. Kelly, late Reporter of the Supreme
Court of the State of Georgia.
An act to authorise executors and adiiniiis
trators, or guardians, to sell at public outcry,
with the consent of the Court of Ordinary,
all insolvent or doubtful notes, bonds, and
other obligations and other evidences of debt,
belonging to the estate of their testator or in
testate or ward.
An act to alter the county lines between
the counties of Newton and DeKalb, Walton
and Newton, and Baker and Thomas, and for
other purposes therein mentioned, and to add
the residence of Elias Sasebee of Hall county
to Habersham county.
An act to compel all persons taking up runa
way slaves to deliver the same to the Jailor of
the county where taken up, and to prohibit
said persons from detaining in their custody
such runaway slave or slaves for a longer pe
riod than four days, and for other purposes
therein mentioned.
An act to appropriate money for the pur
chase of laud and making useful and necessary
improvements in connection with the Lunatic
Asylum.
An actio authorize amendments to be made
nistanter in cases of misnomer in all judicial
proceedings, and for other purposes.
An act to authorize all persons whatsoever
lo erect ferries and bridges ou their own land.
zXn act to aujtliprtze exnculonu. mlinuu—
B' !■> IO foe
ouri or Ordinary of the county of their re
sidence, and to be discharged from their trust
therein.
An actio regulate the returns of executors,
adininistrators and guardians
An act to amend the laws relatiug to guar
dians, executors and administrators.
Au act to levy and collect a tax for each of
the political years 1850 aud 1851, and there
after.
An act lo incorporate the Columbus and
Greenville Plank and Turnpike Road Com
pany, the Columbus and Lumpkin Plank and
Turnpike Road Company, and the Sparta
Plank and Turnpike Company, and for other
purposes therein named.
An aet to lay out and form a new comity
from the counties of Ware and Lowndes and
lo provide tor the organization of the same.
An act to incorporate the stockholders of
the Cherokee Railroad or Plank Road Com
pauy.
An act to alter and amend the several acts in
corporating the city of Griffin.
An act to incorporate the Wellington Aca
demy in Morgan county, and Longstreet
Academy in Coweta county, and to appoint
trustees for the same.
An act to alter and amend an act entitled au
act to organize the Lunatic Asylum of the
State of Georgia and to provide for the gov
ernment of the same, aud to appropriate a
sum of money lor the same, assented to De
cember 10th, 1841.
An act to incorpor te Union Academy in
the county of Macon aud appoint trustees for
the same, and to incorporate Shady Grove
Academy in the county of Wilkinson, and to
appoint trustees for the same.
An act to amend the act incorporating the
Bank of Brunswick.
An act to regulate the tax on vales at auction.
An act to regulate the action of magistrates
upon peace warrants.
An act to change aud fix the lime of holding
the Superior Courts in the counties of Coob.
Campbell, Carroll, Heard and Troup of the
Coweta Circuit, and for other purposes (here
in named.
An act to amend an act entitled an act to
make bank and other corporations subject lo
garnishment aud to regulate proceedings
agains’ garnishees in certain cases, assent id
to December 24th 1832, and the several acts
amendatory thereof, so far as relates to the
proviso iu the third section of said act.
An act to prevent Sheriffs from holding the
office of Constable.
An act in relation to divorces
An act to alter and amend the twelfth sec
tion of the second article of the Constitution of
this State.
An act for certain purposes connected with
the Bank of Darien.
An act to alter and fix the limes of holding
the Superior Courts ol Decatur and Baker
counties aud to provide for the drawing of se
parate panels of jurors for the county of Ba
ker.
An act to incorporate the Canal Company
and punish those who may injure their pro
perty
An act for the relief of teachers of poor
cnildren of the countv of Hall for the ye.tr
1845
An act to consolidate the fourteenth and
fifteenth Regiments G. M. of the county of
Hancock.
An act to allow widows and children of de
ceased persons a suppo rt out of the estate of the
deceased for the term of twelve months in ea
sea where no administration has been granted
on tbe estate —lo ascertain tbe amount necessa
ry for their support, and to exempt it from levy
and sale for the debts of the deceased or by an
administration, and vest the title in the family of
the deceased.
An act to alter and amend the first article of
the Constitution of thu State-
An act for tbe relief of the Merchants' Bank
ol Maeon.
An act for the better Government of the Peni
tentiary.
An act to amend an act entitled an act to al
ter and amend an act entitled an act to define
the liability of sureties on appeal, &c., ap
proved December 16, 1831.
An act amendatory of an act assented to on
the 17fo December, 1847, entitled act to au
horize parties to compel discoveries at common
law.
An act to curtail the labor of the Clerk of the
Supreme Court ami reduce the costs in said
court, and to authorize amendments in said
court.
An act to amend an act to incorporate the
Southwestern Railroad Company, and for oth
er parposes.
An aet te appropriate money for the purpo
ses therein mentioned.
An act to provide for the collection and safe
keeping of the revenues of the Western and
Atlantic Rafiroad, to punish those who may at
tempt to defraud the same, and for other pur
poses therein contained.
An act to regulate the taking of testimony by
interrogatories for the courts of this State, aud
to amend a.i act entitled an act to authorize
parties to compel discoveries at common law. I
approved Dec 17, 1847.
An act to incorporate the Eiijay Turnpike
Company, and to grant certain privileges to the
same.
An act io add a part of tbe county of Henry
I to the county of Butts, and to designate tbe
i lime for bolding elections for the county
officers in the county of Gordon for the year
1850.
t An act to authorize die sale of all lands that
. cannot be granted under the existing laws.
An aet to alter and change tbe lime of Hold
ing the inferior courts iu the counties of Pauld
mg and Floyd, and the superior courts o
Lumpkin county.
An act to compensate Physicians and Bur
geons who shall be summoned by the sherd
or coroner of the county to make post morteu
examinations of juries of inquest
An act in relation to the assignment of dow
er.
An act to leagalize the precepts from the au
perior courts of Floyd county and authorize tin
juries for said courts.
An act to more effectually provide for th<
protection aud maintenance of widows ant
orphans.
An act to compensate Solicitors General foi
services rendered the State in the Supremi
Court, in criminal cases.
An act to incorpoate the Cooper’s Gap Turn
pike Company of Lampkin and Union coun
ties, apd lo grant certain privileges to the same
An act to authorize certain actions at law.
An act in relation to the Supreme Court o
this State.
An act to amend an act to establish a general
system of education by common schools in the
Slate of Georgia, so far as relates to the count)
of Murray.
An act to amend and declare the intention
of an act entitled an act to alter and amend the
i several judiciary acts now in force in this
State so far as relates to Justices courts, ap
proved Dec. 14, 1811.
An act to alter and amend the sixth section
and third article of'the Constitution of the
State of Georgia.
An act to repeal an act passed on the 22<l
day of Dec. 1843, authorizing the Governor o
the State of Georgia to sell the Western and
Atlantic Railroad.
Au act to authorize the legal representative
of intestators and testators of other States anc
guardians to sue in this State.
An act to amend an act passed at the lasi
session ofthe General Assembly, in relation tc
the liability of Railroad Companies for injury
to or destruction of live stock and other pro
perty by running of cars or locomotives on theit
roads, and for other purposes therein contain
ed.
An act to authorize the Justices of the Infe
rior Conrtof the county of Crawford to levy
extraordinary taxes for county purposes, and
to fund the debts due by said county, and ro
issue scrip thereon.
An act to appoint certain Commissions for
Savannah River.
An act to incorporate the Black River Wbarl
and Canal Company, and for other purposes
mentioned.
An act to amend an act approved Dee. 10,
1803, to authorize the Justices of the Inferior
Courts to discharge insolvent debtors confined
by process from any Court of this State what
ever, so far as to amend the caption of the game.
An act to amend an act to incorporate an in
surance company to be called the Savannah
Mutual Insurance Company, passed the 30th
Dec., 1847, and to incorporate the Chattahoo
chee Lodge, No. 51, of Heard county.
An act to incorporate the Georgia exporting
Company.
An act to incorporate a Banking Company
in the city of Macon, under the name of the
Manufacturer's Bank of Macon.
An act to appropriate a sum of money to
build a road over the Lookout Mountain, in
the counties of Walker and Dade.
An act to add an additional section to the first
article of the constitution.
An act to authorize the incorporation of joint
stock companies, for the construction of maca
damised, graded or plank roads.
An act, in addition to, and amendatory of
au act entitled an act to amend an act to in
corporate the town of Marthasville, in the coun
ty of DeKalb, passed on 23d Dec. 1843 ; and
also to enlarge the boundaries of said town,
and lo incorporate the same, under the name
of the city of Atlanta ; and to change the name
of the town of Rome to the city of Rome,
and to provide for the election of a Mayor
and counselmen, and other officers of said
cities, and to confer upon them special pow
ers, and for other purposes therein mentioned,
approved 29th Dec. 1847.
An act to authorize the Alabama and Geor
gia railroad Company of the State of Alabama
to extend their contemplated Railroad from
the Alabama line to the town of Cartersville
or near the same in the county of Cass—to
secure the said company certain rights and
privileges, and for other pu poses
An act to provide for disposing of certain
lands in the twelfth and thirteenth districts ol
the county of Ware, which were sold under an
act passed the 23d Dec. 1833, and which have
not been paid for and granted by the purchas
ers under said act.
An act to appoint masters In equity for tbe
'■ounties of Muscogee, Taloot, and Stewart
and forjother purposes therein mentioned.
An act for the relief of certain persons hold
ing an Interest in, or title to, fractional ant
whole lots sold under the authority of an ac
&c., and for other purposes therein mention
ed. ' ' ■
- An act to deeforo certain Ipnd’ in the uontit;
of W are fostaited iw-tUa-JUvefo,- awt iv provtit
for disposing of the same—also, to repeal thi
second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, seventh, am
eighth sections of an act approved Decembe
30th, 1847, to declare certain lands in the conn
ty of Ware forfeited to the State, and to pro
vide for the disposing of the same, and to fi:
the price of certain grants.
An act to change the time of holding tilt
Supreme Court at Cassville and Gainsville
and the Superior Court of Franklin county.
An act to alter and amend an act entitled ai
act to lay off and divide the Stale into eigli
congressional districts, and lo point out thi
mode of electing members to Congress ii
each district, and to provide against illegal vo
ting Assented to December 23, 1843.
An act to fix the time of holding the Superi
or and Inferior Courts in the county of Clincl
and to change the time of holding the Superio
Court in the County of Ware.
An act io authorize grants to issue to th<
owners of certain fractional lots of land in tb<
county ofTalbot.
An act to incorporate the Southern F.duca
tion Society.
An act to repeal the third section of an ac
approved 29th December, 1847, entitled ai
act to authorize the Central Railroad anil
Banking Company, and the Macon and Wes
tern Railroad Company, or either of them, tc
form a junction ofthe Central Railroad in oi
near the limits of the city of Macon.
All act to amend an act to give to Masom
and Carpenters an incumbrance for debts dm
on account of work done and materials far
nished in building or reparing homes am
premises to which they may be attached, pass
ed 22d December, 1834. so as to give to Pain
ters Tinners and Coppersmiths in the countj
of Richmond and the city of Savannah, am
the city of Columbus.
An aet to incorporate Dalton Female Col
lege.
MISCELLANEOUS LITE
RATURE.
Extraordinary Discovery.—Prof. Von
Grusselbach, of Stockholm, has very lately
brought to a state of perfection the art of pro
ducing a torpor in the whole system, by the
application of cold of different degrees of in
tensity, proceeding from a lesser to a greater
so as to cause the human body to become per
fectly torpid without permanent injury to any
organ or tissue of the fame. In this s ate they
may remain a hundred or a thousand years,
and again, after a sleep of ages, be awakened
to existence, as fresh and blooming as they
were when they first sunk into this frigid
slumber.
The attention of the learned Professor was
first led to the subject by finding a toad en
closed in a solid fragment of calcareous roek
ten feet in diameter, which, when taken out.
showed unequivocal signs of life; but it is sup
posed that the concussion caused by blasting
tbe rock occasioned its death in a lew hours
after. The opinion of Baron Gruilhizen. who
is at present geologist to the King of Sweden,
was that it must have been in that situation for
at least seven thousand years, and his calcula
tions drawn from the different lawyers of strata
by which it was surrounded. From this hint
the Professor proceeded to make experiments,
and after a painful and laborious course for
the last 29 years of his life, be at last succeeded
in perfecting the great discovery Not less
than sixty thousand reptiles, shell-fish, &c .
were experimented on before he tried a hu
man subject
The process ia not laid entirely before the
public as yei. but I had the honor, in company
with a friend, of visiting the Professor.
I shall give a slight description of one of the
outer rooms containing some of his prepara
tions. Previous to entering, we were furnish
ed with an India rubber bag. to which was at
tached a mask with glass eyes. This was pot
on to prevent the temperature of th-- room from
being raised the slightest degree by our breath
ing- it was a circular room, lighted from the
top by the sun’s rays, from which the heat was
entirely disengaged by its passage through the
glass, dec , colored by tbe oxide of copper (a
late discovery and very valuable to tbe Profes
sor ) The room is shelved all around, and
contains nearly one thousand snecimene of an
imals
One was a Sweedish girl, from appearance
about nineteen years—she was consigned o
the Professor by order of the Government to
experiment upon, having been goi'.ty of mnr
dermg her cnild. With me excep ion of a
slight paleness, she appears as if a.-leep, al
though she has beer, in a state of complete
torpor for two years. He intends to resusci
tate her in five more years, and convince the
world of the soundness of his wonderful d.s
covery. The Professor, lo gratify us, took a
small snake out of his cabinet into another
room, and although it appeared lo us to be per
fectly dead aud rigid as marble by application
of a mixture of cayenne pepper and brandy,
it showed immediate signs of life, and was ap
parently as active as ever it was, in a minute,
although the Professor assured ws it had been
I in a state of torpor for six years.
The Watzz Gas —lt appears from several
articles in one of toe Baltimore papers, that a
Mr. Brown of that city, has been entirely suc
cessful in bis attempt to manufacture Gas
from water. Os the precise nature of bis
invention we are not informed. It is repre
sented as a simple engine, with apparatus
calculated to separate water into its original
(elements of Oxygen and Hydrogen. Experi-_
menu have been made, in the presence of
gentlemen of the highest scientific attainments,
which have resulted m lha conviction that it
VoL.LXIV—NEW SERIES VOL. XIV—NO. 14.
will co t less than one third ns much as Coal
Gss. and that a given number of cubic feet of
it will afford six times as much light. We
copy the following from the Baltimore Clipper
of the 12<h inst. “The Water Gas consumed
2 and 6 tenths cubic feet per hour, nnd gave a
li'ht equal to 25 sperm candles After grad
uating me gas burner to give light of different
powers, and testing them properly, the appa
ratus was applied to a pipe supplying Coal
Gas from the Baltimore Coal Gas Works.
The same pressure was used as for the Water
Gas. and the same gas burner consumed 4 feet
of Coal Gas per hour, and gave the light of
less than 6 candles. The results were ao as
tounding to several of the gentlemen present,
that the experiments were repeated, timed nnd
measured with the greatest accuracy, and the
results as before—namely, Water Gas, consii
ming 2 6 10 cubic feet gave light equal to 25
candles, and Coal Gas, consuming 4 feet, gave
less light than 6candles!
The same apparatus, pressure, test-light nnd
gas burner were used in one Gas as in the
other. The metre used is constructed to di
vide the cubic foot into tenths, and so arrang
ed as to see and regulate the pressure accurate
ly. The Water Gas was tested at the Clipper
Office, and the Coal Gas in the same block.
The Coal Gas in Baltimore is sold nt $4 per
thousand feet. This rich, brilliant Water Gas
is generated at about $1 50 per thousand feet,
including all materials.
The Water Gas has not only been tested
scientifically but practically. It is now used
nightly in the Clipper Office, and in one of the
principal Hotels in Washington city. It is
represented as being much purer than the
Coal Gas, and the probability is, that the same
inlesity of light can be obtained for about one
tenth of the cost of the Cost Gas. The ma
chinery for its manufacture is extremely cheap,
simple, and entirely safe. So cheaply is it
manufactured, that the Editors of the Clipper
announce their intention to employ it in heat
ing their rooms, and in propelling the machi
nery of their office. It certainly forms a “ now
era in the history of light.”
Sagacity or a Fox.—Shortly after the .ail
road from Charleston to Hamburg, 8. C. was
made, the rails for a portion of the distance
having been laid upon timbers at a considera
ble height from the ground supported by strong
posts, we observed a fox which was hard
pressed by a pack of hounds, mounting the
rails, upon which he ran for several hundred
yards; the dogs were unable to pursue him
and he thus crossed a deep cypress swamp
over which the railroad was in this singular
manner carried, and made bis escape on the
opposite side.
The late Benjamin C. Yancey, esq. an emi
nent lawyer, who in his youth was very fond
of fox hunting, relates the following: A fox
had been pursued near hie residence, in Edge
field, several times, but tbe hounds always
lost the track at a place where there was a
foot path leading down a steep hill- He,
therefore, determined to conceal himself near
this declivity the next time tbe fox was started,
in order to discover his mode of baffling the
dogs at thia place. The animal was accord
ingly put up and chased, and first led the
hounds through many bayous and ponds in the
woods, and at length came running over the
brow of the hill along the path, slopped sud
denly and spread himself out flat and motion
less on the ground, the hounds came down the
hill in pursuit at dashing pace, and the whole
pack passed and did not stop until they were
at the bottom of the hill. As soon as the im
mediate danger was over, the fox, casting a
furtive glance around him, started up and ran
off at his greatest speed on his “ back track.”
WhatNxxt ?—The Montrea Gazette trans
lates from L’Avenir, a Canadian paper, the fol
lowing extraordinary story, with the re
mark that the editors have since heard the
thing is dead :
Human Monster.—We learn that a female
in the parish of St. Timothy, has just given
birth to an extraordinary child, which, in gro
tesque horror, exceeds all that humanity has
produced in the way of infant phenomena
The new born child has nothing human about
it but tbe head and arms; tbe rest is literally a
tortoise, the back and belly covered with a hard
shell, and the feet perfectly resembling the
paws of the amphibious animal.
Like the tortoise, it can protrude and re
tract the feet within the shell, and articulates
sounds which have not the slightest resem
blance to too cry of a new born child. We
are even told that it can retract its head within
the shell, until toe top of it is level with the
shoulders. The parents obeying the first sen
timents of horror, and dreading the disagree a
hie reputation which this occurrence might at
tach to their names, desired to destroy this
prodigy immediately after its birth, but having
consulted their priest, they resigned themselves,
and the child received babtism and is likely to
live.
_L«xx*»v»,o,m Fruit A
oOTrespwndonr- of tlre+iorlieultnrnit, of whose
intelligence and precision the editor speaks
highly, gives the following account of his ex
periments on seventy plum trees :
“My first experiment was to encompass the
body of the tree with a cloth bandage, which
was kept saturated with spirits of turpentine,
nr with ammonia, supposing that this would
turn the ‘lurk’ in hie march up the tree. But
I found this ineffectual, because, as 1 suppose
he found some other mode of ascending. I
then tried salt, paving, &,c. but found nothing
that proved sucessful until tbe year 1848. I
then determined to enforce the killing system.
As soon as my apricot trees were in full
bloom, I examined them daily until the 11th of
May, when I discovered on the first of one of
the lower branches the crescent mark, which
being followed, led me to one of the insects,
in the act of puncturing a young apricot about
thejsize of a pea. I immediately captured the
rascal, and corked him up in a email vial, as a
‘specimen,’ and gave him to my gardener,
with directions lo slay all of the kind he could
find. He accordingly prepared a small fence
post, by covering the end with india-rubber
and a piece of old carpet. He then spread
under a tree two large sheets, and jarred the
tree with his pounder until he brought down
all the insects on it. From five trees, he thus
caught twelve ou the first trial. This praoice
was continued daily until some time in June.
As soon as the plums were sufficiently ad
vanced, I selected forty trees, and they were
treated tn like manner until some lime in July.
“The result exceeded my most sanguine ex
pectations. From the five apricot trees, which
had never before produced twenty ripe apri
cots, 1 had upwards of three thousand of the
most beautiful and luscious specimens of that
variety—the golden apricot. Iu August my
plum trees were breaking down with the fruit,
especially the imperial gage, which bore an
enormous crop. One large green gage tree
ripened two or three bushels, and for several
weeks furnished an abundance of that most
delicious fruit in its highest perfection. In
deed, this tree more than compensated for the
labor bestowed upon all of them.
‘‘The same system was continued in 1849,
end with similar success; although the crop
was light, in consequonce of partial failure of
etone fruits in this region, as well as the bear
ing of an excessive crop toe year before
“ I think I can say, therefore, from actual
experience, that this is a certain aud a practical
mode of saving smooth skinned fruits from the
attacks of the curculio. The labor required
for forty-five trees was two hours a day for
about six weeks.”
Mr. Gail Borden, of Galveston, Texas, has
published a pamphlet, announcing that he has
discovered a new process of preserving the
nutritious properties of meat The invention
is termed "meat biscuit.” and it is stated that
one ounce of it will make a pint of rich in
vigorating animal and farinaceous soup. Thi?
meat biscuit is thus prepared :
“ Fresh beef is boiled a long time in pure
water, and nntil the nutritive portions of the
beef, or other ineat. immediately on its being
slaughtered, are, by long boiling, separated
from the bones and fibrous and cartilaginous
matters. The water holding tbe nutritious
matters in solntion, is evaporated to a consid
erable degree of spissitude ; this is then made
into a dough with firm [fine] wheaten flour;
the dough rolled, and cot into the form of
biscuits, is ihen desiccated, or baked in an oven
at a moderate heat. The cooking, both ofthe
floor and toe animal food, is complete.”
Reward of Honesty—lt frequently happen
that persons while traversing the streets of a
large city, lose money or other valuables
which they sometimes recover, but more fre
quently never again behold. From this fact
many persons infer that there is very little
honesty in the world, that mankind are gener
ally rogues, and that wnat is once lost is irre
coverably gone Notwithstanding this gener- (
al opinion. many persons when ’hey lose their (
property, are in the habit of offering rewards .
to any one who wilt restore it. Sometimes '
they gel it, and sometimes they don't; but ’
very few expect lo regain it without offering !
at least enough to pay for a drive to the lake. ;
More generally they have to pay a good round ■
sum to induce lire practice of a little honesty ■
in ihe lucky finder. Tbe instances in which ■
large snms of money are recovered at no ex- I
penee whatever are very rare ; but neverthe- ■
leas we have eue to record. Yesterday an i
intelligent lad named Albert Linde, employed •
at the store of Mr. Duggan, in Caua'-st ,
picked upa pocket book containing SIO,OOO.
belonging to a merchant from the interior of
die State staying al .Mrs Oviatt’s boarding
house. What did the boy do with it 1 Did
he hide the money fill all memory of the cir
cumsianeeshad died away, and til* the owner
had given op all hopes of his 1 ost treasure I
Quite the contrary; he took the pocket book
to his employer, that it might be restored to
the rightlul proprietor In a short time the J
strang-r having by some means learned who
had found hismoney, came in great haste to
lbs store of Mr. Dnggan. and received his
pocket book with the SIO,OOO untouched. Os
coarse, our readers will say, the grateful in
dividaal al once drew forth SSOO. S2«H) SIOO,
perhaps SSO or at least presented the honest
youth with enough to buy him a suit of
clothes. What a mistaken supposition I His
generosity exceeded oven this; he pul his hand
into tbe pocket book, turned over tbe bills,
arranged them again, put the whole into bis
pocket,and drew forth swholx dollar, which
he bestowed on the astonished youth.— N. O.
Picayune
Lite has been compared to a fox chase ; the
pleasure consists in chasing, not in overtaking
I your object —and when yon have caught the
f fame, fortune, or rank, whatever you were
s hunting, yon have the gratification of being
r in al the death of your own enjoyment, unless
j you atari a free quarry.
1 Intemperance in New York. — A committee of
’ the New York Assembly, in their report on In
. temperance in the State, estimate Ute amount
■ annually expended for drinks at 7000 grog
shops existing in the cities of that State, exclu
’ sive of villages, at upwards of twen'y-five mil
t lions of dollars. They have collected statistics
C from the various city and country prisons, with
the exception of twenty-three, whence no re
turn- have been received, which prove that
j upwards 0f36.000 intemperate persons were
arrested in 1849, and that from four-fifths to
nine-tenths ofall the crime committed has its
- origin in intemperance.
iMroRTANT Mail Decision.—The Baltimore
Patriot states that the Postmaster General has
1 just decided that the different departments of
! the Government are prohibited from sending
* letters and newspapers to officers and seamen
* in the Navy, and U. S. officers in foreign coun
tries. except those on official business from the
' Departments. It has been the custom for many
years, for the friends of those persons to forward
r private letters to them through the Department
1 instead of through the regular mail, and thusde
, priving that department of thousands of dollars
annually of its legitimate claims. We also learn
! that there are some thousands of letters now in
I Washington which will not be sent, as hereto
> fore, through the departments.
i i i i
’ CONGRESSIONAL.
. PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS.
' Correspondence of the Baltimore American.
In Senate-. ....... Mauch 23.
Immediately on assembling, the Senate
proceeded to the consideration of the special
order of the day, being Mr. Bradbury’s reso
lutions calling on the President for the cause
1 of his removing Democrats from office.
Mr. Smith, of Connecticut, took the floor,
and spoke nearly five hours in defence of the
President and the administration, maintaining
1 that they should be exempt from Democratic
censure, as they had done gross injustice to
their friends by not making more removals
than they had. Adjourned
In Senate Mabch 25.
Mr. Seward preseated a petition from citi
zens of Albany, New York praying that in any
bill which may pass as to fugitive slaves, a
clause be inserted from Deuteronomy, “Thou
shall not deliver the servant who escapelh to
thee, but keep him in thy tents,” &c.
Mr. Webster made an explanation as to a
handbill circulated here, purporting to be an
attempt to show that his (Mr. W.'s) views were
different in 1848 from what they were in 1850.
The author, he showed, was either ignorant or
uncindid.
Mr. Hale remarked that he considered that
there was an inconsistency between Mr. W.’s
present and former views, and therefore the
honorable Senator was complimented by the
“Union.”
Several petitions were presented.
Mr. Douglass,from the Committee on Terri
tories, reported a bill to establish the territories
of Utah and New Mexico, and reduce the bound
aries of Texas Ordered to be printed.
Mr. Bell’s resolution, concerning the mode
of executing the printing of Congress, was ta
ken up.
Mr. Benton spoke in favor of a restoration
of the system of 1819, and the election of a
printer.
The subject was passed over.
The Senate resumed the consideration of
the California message.
Mr. Hunter who was entitled to the floor,
addressed tne Senate at length ou the subject
of the warfare carried on by the North against
Southern rights and feelings. The seeds of
the evil were sown by the ordinance of 1787,
and its fruits ripened in 1820, when the South
was deprived of one half of the territory of
Louisiana.
He traced the history of the anti-slavery agi
tation in Congress, and in the State Legisla
tures, and pointed to the results as dangerous
to ihe peace of the Union
Something must be done to check the prog
ress of thia agitation, before it ended in open
assault upon stave property. He treated the
subject of the constitutional provision for the
recovery of fugitive slaves, showing that it was
the duty of the States to carry it into effect.
He showed that the Union could be and
would be dissolved by this course of aggression.
When the voice of vengeance was heard, he
felt bound to follow, and his allegiance was
due to her. He desired to preserve the pub
lie peace, and the Union of these states I but
more desirous was he of preserving the rights
lit* .vS’.ate. * ■ *~' v .
When Mr.'Hunter concluded, Mr. Upham
moved that the subject be postponed till
Monday, which was agreed to.
Mr. Foote offered a resolution for the put- :
chase of copies of Ross Brown’s report of the
proceedings of the California Convention.
Lies over.
The deficiency bill from the House was
twice read and referred to the Committee on
Finance
The Senate spent a short time in Ex ecu
five, session and adjourned.
House.
On motion of Mr. Bayly, the rules were sue
pended, and the House resumed the considera
tion of the deficiency bill.
Under the operation of the previous ques
tion, the vote was ordered to be taken on the
several amendments reported from the Com
mittee of the Whole on the state of the Union.
The House concurred in the amendment of
the Committee of the Whole appropriating
$14,568 32 for the payment of the clerks ap
pointed by Mr. Ewing without authority of
law; said payment, however, not to be taken
as authorizing the continuance of any more
clerks in the Department of the Interior than
was authorized by the law creating that De
partment. The vote on this was taken by yeas
and nays—there being 93 yeas and 83 nays.
The House concurred in the following
amendment, by a vote on yeas and nays of 114
in the affirmative and 72 in the negative, viz :
For outfit of the Minister to Prussia, $9,-
000.
For outfit of Charge d’Affaires to Austria,
$4,500.
The amendment appropriating $200,090 in
stead ol $400,000 for the removal of the Sem
inole Indians from Florida, was concurred in
by a vote on yeas and nays, of 109 in the affirm
ative. and 75 in the negative.
The hill was finally passed, under the opera
tion of the previous question—yeas 140;
nays 44.
On motion by Mr. Bayly the rules were
suspended, and the House resolved itself into
Committee of the Whole on the state of the
Union, (Mr. Boyd in the Chair,) and resumed
the consideration of the bill to admit California
as a State into the Union-
Mr. Thurston, of Oregon, who was entitled
to the floor, remarked that he was the only
recognized delegate from the Pacific coast. —
He disclaimed being a party man, and spoke
his hour in favor ofthe admission of Califor
nia.
Mr. Breck, of Ky., next obtained the floor,
and spoke an hour on the same subject.
Mr. Harris, of HI., succeeded Mr. Breck,
but yielded the floor to a motion that the Com
mittee rise.
The Committee rose and tbe House, at 4,
P. M, adjourned.
In Beasts, March 26.
Petitions were presented.
Mr. Foote moved the bills yesterday report
ed from the Committee on Territories, betaken
up with a view to make them the special order
lor a particular day.
Mr. Benton opposed the motion with much
warmth, alleging that the time for action had
come and catling on all the friends of Califor
nia to rally and prevent her from being kept
out of the Union.
He gave notice that he should henceforth
urge the admission of the Stale. California
suffered much fr >m her anomalous condition.
She could not raise money upon the authority
of her government in its present condition.
If she was kept back, it it would be for the pur
pose of remitting her to a territorial condition.
Sire was a State and she was entitled to prece
dence in the consideration of Congress, over
the territories. He referred to those opponents
of California who had threatened to dissolve
Ihe Union if she was admitted as a State.
Mr. Foote was glad, he said, that the Senator
from Missouri had again come into action
lie wm a friend of California! It was a new
born friendship. He, Mr. Foote, had shown
himself to be a true friend of California, aod
bad promoted measures which would have
brought her into the Union long ago.
He adverted to the personal connexions and
interse:* of the Senator from Missouri, and
the origm ot hid Zeal for California.
Mr. Benton, in the course of his reply, re
marked that the imputation of personal mo
tives to him, was false and cowardly.
Mr. Foote replied that, before the Senator
used Mieh words, he should relieve himself
Irom deep stains on bis escutcheon, and made
use of several other remarks personal to the
Senator.
Mr. Benton and Mr. Foote were called to
order, and the Vice President called the Sena
tor* to order. Several words passed between
Mr. Foote and Mr. Benton, when the whole
subject was dropped.
Mr. Davis, of Mass., called up the census
bill, but it was laid aside.
The Senate resumed the consideration of
the California message, and Mr. Chase of O-,
i spoke at length 1 on ftb subject.
Mr. Cha.ee did not finish his speech. Tbe
Senate adjourned.
House,
Mr. Preston King, of N. Y., offered a reso
lution, in committee of the whole, on the Cali
fornia bill, and the President's Message on
that subject.
Tne Speaker stated that the resolution iu
the form offered was not in order as a privi
leged question. He said a resolution to st p
deoale in committee would be in order as a
privileged motion. He «a>d the bill to ad
mit California was informally before the Cotn
mittee —that it had not been referred to it by
the House, and that the House, io • Parlia
mentary view had no knowledge of its exis
tence before the committee