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D«n Henriqu. himself ««« he' 6 at the time,
after more horses and provisions, as his horses ,
failed and he was under the necessity of ma- |
kina a coral at the Four Creeks. There seems
no doubt of his mgturos [herdsmen,] together
with Capt. Dorsey and his party, who cora ed
with Dalton, or near by, having all been killed
and the cattle dispersed. French’s ranch was
attacked by the Indians, who appear to have
been several hundred strong, armed with bows
and arrows. r,ns-..
Fortunately an emigrating party
jeans were at the ranch at the time. Ihe In
dians were repnlsed with the loss ol about for
tv killed. A dispatch reached us the past week
from French, asking arms and cartridges s
they were immediately forwarded by one ol his
partners, who was in the city at the time. Thir
teen men in all are reported to have been mas
sacred at the Four Creeks. Capt. Dorsey is
from San Jose. You can rely upon this news,
as it comes to us in veritable form. Don Hen
rique is now on hie return to the Four Creeks,
with a party of about a dozen men, hoping to
form a connection with the emigrants who are
at French’s.
Another letter, same date and place,says:—
The Utaha have been in the valley within
a week past and drove off all Jose Mar* o
Lagoe’s caballada, amounting to seventy-five
horses. Fifteen men (Paisonos and Souoro
rians) started in pursuit, came upon the L tahs
one hundred miles from the “Caron Pass,
attacked them and were repulsed with the loss
of one man, a Sononan, who fell at the first
fire, pierced with five balls Had it not been
for the darkness of the night the party in pur
suit would have been nearly all killed, as the
Utaha were about fifty strong, armed with rifles
and revolvers-
It is reported that there had been an affray
between the Indians and the miners at and near
the Bluffs, in which several of the former and
two of the latter were killed and four or five
weended. Seven warriors of the Indians
were brought down to the Bluffs where they
were shot.
News by the Canada.
Tua Steamship Canada with 75 passsengers
arrived at Halifax at midnight, Wednesday
■ight, and left for Boston at 4, A. M. Thurs
day morning. She brings Liverpool dates to
he 15th March. The Africa arrived at Liver
pool at noon on Sunday the 9th March.
The United States Frigate St. Lawrenee ar
rived on Thursday. She proceeds to France
for the remains ofCom. Paul Jones.
Cotton during the week has fallen J upon
better descriptions, to ] on lower qualities.
Sales during the week 31,000 bales.
The official letters from the Nova Scotia
Kailway delegates, are not yet made public,
but the Halifax Sun says: “We have it on the
most reliable authority, and hasten to lay be
fore our fellow-citizens the gratifying news,
that the whole affair of the Railroad has been
settled by the mission of the Hon. Mr. How.
The whole amount to build the Railroad to
Montreal and Quebec has been secured at
3 2-3 per eent. Mr. How was in great spirits,
nor was it at all apprehended that any change
of ministry, contingent upon the unsettled
state of parties, would in any wise affect the
negotiations which had been virtually brought
to a close.
The local provincial governments have the
power to connect with any branch Rail Road
to the American territories.
.England.—The Government of Lord John
Russell is still very weak. He cannot get his
friends to rally around him,and it is now fully
anticipated that there will soon be a dissolution
of Parliament and general election. Ou
Tuesday evening last, in the House of Com
mons, he sustained another defeat upon the
question of Woods and Forests.
Lord Duncan moved a resolution demand
ing a reform in their management. This, the
Government strenuously resisted. On a
division, there appeared, for the proposed
reform, 120; for ministers, 119. So, what
with their partial abandonment of the papal
measures, their defeat upon Mr. Locke King’s
motion of electoral reform, and this defeat, it is
thought they will not be able to hold together
until after Easter. The Times inserts frequent
keen and sarcastic remarks on the present
position of the Government.
The agitation on the part of the Catholics,
of both England and Ireland, against the pro
posed penal measures of Lord John Russel,
continues unabated. The protectionist lead
ers, t: well as their party, are making vigo
rous preparations for a general election, in
order, if possible, to secure such a majority
in the House of Commons as will impose a
four shilling duty on all foreign corn and
breadstuffs.
The process of receiving and arranging the
articles to be exhibited in the Crystal Palace,
ic going on very satisfactorily, and no doubt is
entertained but that the building will be
opened at the proposed time in tbe month of
May.
A large body of Hungarians and Poles,
refugees from the late struggle in Hungary,
had arrived in Liverpool for America, but on
their arrival from Turkev at Liverpool, they
were met by a deputation from the London
Democratic Committee, who have induced
th°m to remain in England, in order as they
nay, to be at hand in case their aid should be
required to assist the Democratic cause in either
France or Hungary. The English Govern
ment have so far, paid, or offered £H to every
man who will go to America. A few of tho
Hungarians have accepted the offer, but the
Poles all refused. The local magistrates, and
the Mayor of Liverpool, have had several in
terviews with them, to persuade them to emi
grate. Public meetings have been held to
raise subscriptions for them, and it is proposed
to have an amatear performance in the Thea
tre Royal for their benefit. They aro said to
be a fine body of men, and their firm, quiet,
and orderly conduct, in Liverpool, has, it is
said, shed a lustre upon their cause, and made
an impiession in their favor, which will not
soon be forgotten.
Franco.—We have but little news of mo
ment from France, by this anival.
The weekly account from the Bank o r
France presents the commerce of that republic
in a most unfavorable point of view. The
bullion in the Bank almost equals the amount
of notes in circulation-
The celebration of the Carnival has also ex
orcised a depressing influence upon the commer
cial prosperity of the Capital. The manufac
turers and wholesale merchants complain that,
with the exception of a few English, there are
no foreigners in the city.
Tbe accounts from the agricultural districts,
however, are more favorable, for it appears
that the large stocks of wheat formly held, are
■early exhausted, and that the recent large ex
ports to England induced the farmers to look
for higher prices.
Paris, Wednesday.—Gen. Excelmau has
been raised to the rank of Marshal of Paris.
Tho President has reviewed several of the
regiments leaving Paris, and haa issued orders
that at these reviews no cries whatever shall
be uttered.
A secret society at Lille has been discovered
in the very act of banging an etfigy of the
President. In all the chief towns of the de
partment, all the Socialists have been attempt
ing to make some demonstration, but without
success.
Afl hopes of a fusion between the two
branches of the Boerbon family are at an end.
Tho young Prince at Claremont has written
to that effect to the Orleanist Committee at
Paris.
Prussia. —Welearnthat a Cabinet Council
was hold upon the 19th, at which it war re
solved to issue a comprehensive memorandum
of the German question. This document
will, it io said, contain tbe views of Prussia up
on the whole question involved in the revival
of tho old German confederation during the
past year.
We learn from official reports, that the com
merce of the Zolverier has increased consider
ably. There has been a falling off in the cur- I
tom receipts of sugar, coffee, and raw material,
and thia is more than compensated for in the
increase of manufactured goods. We have
from the Cassel Tens the following brief but
graphic description of the state of affairs :
° The political conflict seems to be degener
ating into a aeries of vulgar quarrels between
princes, officers, ministers and subordinates,
who abase each other with provincial intensi
ty. The truth of this cannot be doubted when
we read the following :
“Latest Proclamation from Baron Haynau to the
oflkers of the Hessian army Cassel.” [l'his Hes
sian, it should be remembered, is a relative ot the
Austrian butcher. I
tfsntZemen—l have summoned you here to tell
you I have been commissioned by His Royal High
ness to crush under foot that pertinacious that
threatens the welfare of the State.
Sirs—Tbe question is, who is to rule?—This
God-abandoned, godless, pernicious gang, or tbe
Government which God has set up? We shall
soon decide this question in Cawei.
—ln this little State the throne is in danger,
and all thrones in Europe look here and upon us —
upon this little army. I ask not if you will obey.
It is for that I have called you together. You mun
obey ; for he who obeys not shall have his soldier
eoat polled of bis back, and have a blouse put on
him. It is nothing to you whether the orders given
you, airs, are constitutional or not, Hie Royal High
neute has sworn to the Constitution, and 1 have fell
powers from him. lam the Constitution for you.
■Sirs—lt any at*yon prefer the smiles of that gang,
of the band of traitors, to the favor of your Prince,
whom God has eel up, 1 will pull his cost off his
back and put a blouse on him.
Gentlemen, Your Servant.
Thu State of Baden has also passed a law
for the regulation of tho press. Its main pro
visions are as follows:
Abolition of the Censorship.
All articles to be signed by the writer.
Caution money must be deposited by pub
lishers and authors.
Publishers, printers distributors of works
are all responsible for the contents, and alike
liable to arrest and prosecution.
The Chamber of Deputies has been burned.
. have news of various conspira- i
ties as proposed or threatened in Italy, but i
nothing positive.
Aasirw —Beyond the discussion of the <
oom plicated German question, we have noth
ing new from Vienna. The Austrians are be
ing advanced in unison with the Neapolitans (
closer upon the frontiers of Rome, with the
view ct keeping in check any revolutionary i
movements in that quarter. I
Capo of Gmd Ho,. -We learn that the 1
affre war is lik.lv to be more prolonged than i
?”■ s " Harry Smith, at I
kifled7oor a,,n ’ l>ad *” eo an* l <
Maxic.a Octka«».—Not long before the c
Mjournmoat ot tbe late aewnon of Congress. <;
a cail wumade upon President for inter t
* > * tl - 8 ? On •'*hj««t of an alleged seizure of
• of the T erntory of New Mexico, I
within tbe United States, and his forcible ab
ucuonaeroai the Rj O Grande into Mexico, in <
vteiauouof the sod o f the United States. A <
y ree *ived from which the following
“ c “ a. cerified by a number of ciu
2"° ...1* 1 “ •' who ~ edibility auf. i
J ideoe. b.. „ oht „ ueki
OoeM.na.l ,M nwuikj binh we ;
rapnme. owed peon „ at! d ,
■a Mexico He had bowav.r. rowded ’ „ ,
freeman and the head ot afaiuilv m tbe Ameri
•an soiUemom of Eagle Fas*, m ’ the Territory '
of New Mexico, whence, on the of jfop.
tember last, he went on a visit to Pie Iras Ne
gras, in Kinney county, also within the Terri
tory of New Mexico, where he was forcibly
seized by one Dennis Mead and accomplices;
his hands were tied and he was transported,
notwithstanding his protests and appeals to
the protection of American laws, across the
river into Mexico. There was no pretence of
legal authority. Gen. Hugh McLeod, of Gal
veston, who has investigated the subject,writes
that the only plea of Mead is, that he had a
right, under the peon laws of Mexico, to re
turn the debtor to his master, but that even the
Mexican law allows the debt to be paid, and
the employer of Rios, Gen, Cazeneau, was
ready to pav on demand, if he had been per
mitted. It "is therefore, a case of wanton op
pression, aa well as lawless contemptof Amer
ican rights of sovereignty.
Mr Webster has instructed our Minister in
Mexico to institute legal inquiries into these
facts.— N. O. Pic.
From Texas.
Exkcution or Capt. French and others.
—By the steamship Galveston, Capt. Place,
which arrived yesterday, we have Galveston
dates to the 21st, inst. and Rio Grande dates to
the 19th inst.
Among the arrivals in San Antonio, up to
the 15th iust., were Gov. Bell, who joi.ied in
the funeral procession at the obsequies of Gen.
Brooke, Gen. Harney, who is to take the com
mand vacated by the death of that lamented offi
cer, Col. Cooper, Inspector General, Capt. Sit
greves, attached to the Boundary Commission,
Capt. McCown, 4th Artillery, in command of
160 recruits for the Bth Infantry, on the Salado,
Dr. Swift, Capt. McClay, on his way to join
his company at Fort Worth, and Drs. Turner
and Guild, of the U. S. Army.
The volunteer ranger companies of Capts.
Ford, McCown, Wallace and Bagby, whose
terms of service are about expiring, are to be
remastered into the service.
There were severe frosts at San Antonio on
the nights of Thursday and Friday, the 27th
and 28th ult., that killed many garden vegeta
bles that were quite forward, and cut down
a great deal of the young corn, which had
just made its appeaiance above ground.
A German, belonging to Capt. Wallace’s
company of rangers, was recently killed by
the Indians near the Nueces. The Indians
were on foot, and consequently left no trail by
which they could be followed.
A brilliant fete was recently given by the
officers and citizens in the colony of Piedras
Negras, celebrating the inauguration of Presi
dent Arista, to which the invitations were cour
teously extended to the inhabitants of the
American side of the Rio Grande.
The scene is described as a brilliant one—
the rich, full uniforms of the Mexican and
American officers mingling with the rich cos
tumes of the senoritas, reminded one of a
fairy scene. Several chiefs, from the colony
above, were in attendance at this grand cele
bration.
A letter to the Galveston News from Green’s
Landing, on the Trinity river, says the furni
ture and Freight of the steamer Galveston, de
posited in a warehouse there, were destroyed
by fire on the 10th inst. The river had risen
so high as to come into the warehouse where a
quantity of lime was deposited and it is sup
posed caused the fire.
The dredge boats for the excavation of
the Brazos Canal, near Galveston are making
at the latter place, and will be speedily finish
ed.
In an article in relation to the canal the Gal
veston journal has the following :
We have spoken in the above remarks of
New York as the great port of the home com
merce of Galveston. New Orleans would
seem to be naturally the port of home com
merce for all Texas ; but the excessive charges
and high freights of our intercourse with New
Orleans, drives our commerce to the great
Northern Atlantic ports. Freights, charges,
and insurance, are at least twofold greater be
tween Galveston and New Orleans than be
tween Galveston and New York city.
The Austin State Gazette denies that Gov.
Bell will be a candidate for Congress to re
place Mr. Kaufman,
The Indians are again at their work of plun
der and murder in the Valley of the Rio
Grande. The planters along the river are in the
greatest alarm, from the Indians having killed
or wounded a party of herdsmen near the
river, between Brownsville and. Camp Ring
gold- Families are removing to the Mexican
side.
Gen. Canales, it is thought, will be appointed
to the military command at Matamoras, in
place of Gen. Avalos.
Three enterprising mechanics of Rio Grande
City have completed and launched a sloop of
30 tons at that place, 300 miles from the mouth
of the river, dhe is buiit of musquite and eb
ony, and is destined for the coast trade.
A letter has been received at Brownsville
from Mazatlan, dated February 15th. It states
that Capt. Parker French, the notorious swind
ler, was shot or hanged for highway robbery,
on the road between Mazatlan and Durango.
A party of Mexicans arrested him and his
eight men at a place called Chavaria, after a
hard fight of two hours. One of the men es
caped French and others were taken to Sal
to, a small military post, and were there exe
cuted.—Pic. 26th ult.
r From the N. O. Picayune 26th ult.
' Terrible Ssenei at Socorro*
I By the Galveston, from Galveston, last eve
ning, Major Bartlett, Commissary of the
Boundary Commission, arrived in this city.
’ He brought a train of wagons down to Lavaca
I from El Paso, and his errand here is to ar
range for supplies to be forwarded to the
Commission. He left them at El Paso on tho
' 16th ult.
’ A parly under Dr. Webb, Secretary of the
Commission, sent forward to the copper
' mines to examine the conveniences of lhe
place, had relumed with a favorable report,
nnda part of the Commission was to start the
ensuing week to occupy a post at the mines.
r The difficulties with the Mexican Commission
ers had been all adjusted, and the initial point
on the Rio Crando nettled. Capt. Craig re-
1 ported friendly conferences with the Indians.
Capt. Craig was to lend the parly to the mines,
which are about 180 miles from El Paso.
Capt. Dobbins, formerly of the 3d Infantry,
who was a follower of the expedition as a
hunter, killed a Mr. Wakeman on the way up
to El Paso, and afterwards committed suicide
in San Elezano, at the quarters of Col. Mc-
Clellan-
Major. Bartlett narrates a horrible adven
ture which befel his party about 225 inilea.this
side of El Paso. Discovering smoke, they
sent out a party to reconnoitre, and discovered
a negro man and woman in the act of cooking
food, and on further search the head of a negro
was found in the fire, and parts of a body on
the tire. They said they had been compelled
to kill one of their companions for food.
1 They had been nine days out, their gun had
hursted, and they were in a state of starvation.
The account they gave of themselves was this:
they were all slaves of a man named Owens,
near Holly Springs, Miss, and had runoff to
gether last corn-planting, making for Mexico.
They boy killed was about nineteen years of
age, named Arthur; the other is a black, aged
from twenty-seven to thirty, calls himself Hen
ry; the girl, • bright mulatto, about twenty
one, named Malinda.
The last two were taken to San Antonio,
and left in custody of one Antonio Navano.
Major Bartlett left all the members of the
Commission in good health.
Ho brings with him, however, accounts of
some horrible scenes of disorder, not, murder
and execution, which took place at Socorro
about the doting days of January. We have
from a correspondent on the spot a long and
minute account of the whole scenes of hor
rible outrages, retribution and punishment, but
lhe late hour at which it was received compels
ua to defar its publication.
It seems that bands of armed ruffians, dis
charged steamsters and soldiers, and frontier
desperadoes had been overawing the quiet
inhabitants of Socorro, by parading the streets
armed, and committing all manner of lawless
acts. They robbed and killed openly, without
provocation or remorse. Instances are given
of their seizing an unoffending man, taking
away his gun and killing him withit, without
the shadow of a cause, and brutally beating
the women. Through lhe 28th and 29th of
January they ranged like wild beasts, commit
ting all sorts of crimes, when a party of the
citizens sent an express to the United States
troops at Sau Elezano, about six miles otT. ask
ing for protection, which was declined, and
the applicants referred to the civil power.
On the night of the 29ffi a most audacious
outrage was committed. The robber band,
seeking a man named Clarke, (E. C. Clarke,
said to be son of J. W. Clarke, U. S. Senator
from Rhode Island,) went to a fandango or
dancing party where he was, and maltreated
lhe whole party of men and females. They
placed sentinels at lhe entrance, fired off pis
tols at the candles, and otherwise terrified the
women, threatened death to man or woman
who should stir ; and finally, (he leader, one
Alexander Young, assisted by three others,
John Wade, Marcus Butter and William
Craig, fell upon Clarke and gave him nine or
ten mortal wounds. Another man, named
Charles Gotes, was badly shot. Next morning
some members of the Boundary Commission,
who were present in town, resolved to arrest
the murderers at all hazards, and sent au ex
press to the main body of lhe Commission at
Sau Elezario, for help. In three hours a large
party of Americans and Mexicans arrived, in
such force as to be enabled to search for and
seize eight or ten of the worst —including
Wade, Butler and Craig. Young, the ring
leader, escaped.
These men were brought before Judge Ber
thold on the 30th January, examined and
commit'ed, and the next day thev were tried
by jury, sentenced to be hung within one hour,
and notwithstanding the threats and prepara
tions of their associates, the sentence was en
forced and they were hung up to the branches
of a tree on Friday morning. The bodies
of the murderers were buried, and at 2 P. M.
that ot the murdered Clarke was also buried. 1
A larg-' reward, S4OO, was offered for the
arrest of Young. He was arrested on the
10th. brought to Socorro on the 11th. He im- '
media.ely made full confession of his crime, 1
but was nevertheless pul on trial on the 12th.
Hiiowu written eonf-ssion. which he repeated <
and signed was added to the other testimony.
He was found guilty, condemned and executed
on the same tree where his companions had
been hung.
Major Bartlett repeats that since these
dreadful examples Socorro has been perfectly <
quiet and orderly. We have neither time nor
room tor lurffier particulars this morning.
Railroad Accidb'i r.—As the 4$ P. M. ac
eotnuiodaiton train from New Haven. Tues
day. was approaching M<iford upon an em
bankment just Last of a .mall stream, the front
axietree ot the middle car broke, and before
the train eomd be stopped. the whole running
gear was stripped ott and the car thrown p „.
ually down the embankment, demolishing the
inside fixtures Some of the paasengexs w ere
severely injured but no live* were lost \
gentleman endeavored to atop he train as soon
m the trouble began, bat says that he found
u*> bell rope not tn working order.
Plank Roai a. —Among the many improve
ments in the means of communication which
have been prosecuted in the last few years
plank roads are assuming a very important
rank. A little work by Mr Kingsford, of the
Hudson river rail road, is of great interest, and
should be well circulated throughout the coun
try. It appear, that the first plank road in
Canada was laid down in 1836, and in New
Yotk in 183/, but it is only within the last four
years that they have been much prosecuted.
There now exists as follows :
PLANK ROADS IN OPERATION.
No. roads. Miles. Average cost per mile. Total
panada 443 ] ,750 773,500
New York.l9 2,106 81,833 83,800,298
Very nearly lour millions of dollars have
been expended in New York upon these roads,
and the resulting advantages are immense. The
roads have all been subscribed for by individu
als, and all pav handsome dividends. For iu- i
stance, the Troy and Lansingburgh road pays
10 per cent, semi annual; the Utica and Bur
lington 20 per cent., and we believe none in
operation pay less than 10 per cent., and none
of the stocks can be bought in the market.
The importance of plank roads in farming
regions becomes self-evident, when it is stated ,
that on the Salina road a two horse team drew !
sic tons of iron twelve miles, without unusual
strain. Four and a half tons is an ordinary
load, and a team will travel with it eight hours
per day. four miles an hour day after day. A
farmer, in a heavy country, stated that the tolls
paid saved themselves in tbe labor of clean
ing horses. In all localities where these roads
are in operation, laud rises greatly in value.
On the Salina road farm land rose from $9 to
sls per acre; on tbe Syracuse road the increase
was $lO per acre. It will be observed that an
amount of property equal to $4,000,000, bear
ing a high rate of interest, has been created,
and that property has added in addition several
millions to the value of the land through which
it runs and that all this property isa mere saving
from the old costoftransportation. As the exis
tence and operation of these roads is but little
known out of their localities, we append the
etatistiss.
Length Cost per
Name. Miles. Mile.
Great Western Albany 11 82,555
Fonda and Carogo 18] 1,850
Fultonville and Johnstown 5 5,000
Rome and Utica 15 1,713
Northern road, Utica .••••22 1,800
Utica and Burlingtown-.. 5J 2,110
Rome and Oswego >6O 1,500
Rome and Western-. ...11 1,500
Rome and Taberg 9 1,300
Rome and Madison 22 1,250
Salina and Central 16 1,500
Syracuse and Manlius 8 1,200
Syracuse and Bridgeport 12 1,400
Syracuseand Oswego... 32 1,300
Salina and Liverpool 11 1,400
Syracuse and Tully 25 1,100.
Split Rock Road 1,600
Hannibal and Oswego- ........11 2,000
“ 5 1,300
Every section of the country should be lined
with these roads as tributaries to the rail roads.
The progress at the West is very great already.
—[AT. K Dry Goods Reporter.
Mr. Clay in Cuba.—The steamship Geor
gia brought to New Orleans a number of the
Congressmen and others who embarked on
her at New York. The Picayune gives an ac
count of an interview which Mr. Clay had
with the Captain General of Cuba. We ex
tract a portion of it:
Mr. Clay having signified, when he transmit
ted his passport, that it was his desire, in com
mon with many of his country, to pay their
respects to the Captain General at such time
as he might be pleased to suggest, his Excel
iency appointed the following day, at 12 o’-
clock, as the hour when he would be happy to
receive them. At that time Mr. Clay, accom
panied by his friend Dr Mercer, aud also by
Senator Downs of this State, Senator Cle
mens of Alabama, Senator Jones of lowa,
and the Hon. Messrs. LaSere and Penn, Re
presentatives in Congress from this State, and
Hon. Messrs. Volney E. Howard of Texas,
Sianton of Tennessee, and Holmes of South
Carolina, with Col. Van Allen of New York,
Cols. Jennings and Stewart and D. C. La batt
Esq., of this eity, repaired to lhe residence of
his Excellency. Mr. LaSere, at the request of
Mr. Clay, acted as interpreter, tho Captain
General speaking French.
On reaching the palace the party was usher
ed into an elegant apartment, where the Capt.
General, plainly but tastily attired in citizen’s
dress, entered the room, and greeted Mr. Clay
with much cordiality. The latter then intro
duced bis friends, and begged Mr. LaSere to
say to bis Excellency that he was glad to
hrve ths opportunity of thanking him, in
person, for the courtesy with which both
himself and companions had been allowed to
land.
The Captain General replied, that he was
most happy to extend to him the courtesies of
lhe Island during his stay, and desired to know
how long he and his friends purposed remain
ing in Havana. Mr. Clay answered, that he
desired to remain about two weeks, parenthe
sising, with great good taste, ‘‘with your Ex
cellency's permission”—that he now visited
Cuba with three objects; one, to recruit his
health, another to meet his old friend Dr. Mer
cer, (turning gracefully to that gentleman,)
and the third to pay his respects to his Excel
lency in person.
The Captain General then remarked, that
the Government of Spain had always been
the friend of lhe United States from the day of
their independence, and that he trusted their
amicable relations would be strengthened by
the visit of the distinguished gentlemen he
sa<v around him. Mr. Clay replied, that the
Government of the United States, so far as
he was informed, was extremely anxious to
maintain, uninterrupted, those friendly feelings
which had ever existed, and that whatever
in«ght be done by individuals, to threaten the
continuance of theso relations, he was sure the
Government wou*d deplore, and do all in their
power to avert. The Captain Genaral here
alluded to a rumor that another expedition
was boing 6tt«d out from lhe United States
against Cuba, and in the coarse of his remarks
intimated that the Island felt strong enough to
defend itself in such an event. After Mr.
Clay had assured him that, in his opinion,
there was little foundation for such a rumor,
the Captain General invited him, and such of
his companions as might remain in Havana, to
dine at the palace on lhe Sunday following, at
the same time stating that he was sorry their
short visit prevented him from entertaining them
as he desired. He however invited them to
bring their ladies in the evening, to promenade
through the palace aud listen to the music in
the plaza, and thus ended this interview.
In the evening, which was beautifully bril
liant, a number of American ladies, elegantly
attired, visited the Captain General and his
amiable lady.
From the N. O. Picayune 27th ult.
Later From Tehuantepec.
The U. 8. schooner Major Barbour, Capt.
Arnet, to Major Hunt, arriyed at this port
last evening, in five and a half days from Vera
Cruz.
By the arrival of the Major Barbour, wo
have received a series of letters from our cor
respondents in the Tehuantepec Surveying
Expedition, some of which we give below.
Others of intermediate dates we shall give this
evening, or tomorrow.
A private letter, dned Boca del Monte, Feb
ruary 14th, says that Mr. Temple, with the
hydrographic pirty, would positively leave
that place lhe next day for the Pacific.
Pass Sarabia, Feb 1, 1851.
Dear Pic.— Fearing that no other opportu
nity may offer for me to write before the Ala
bama returns to New Orleans. I embrace this
opportunity to let you know that lhe hydro
graphic party have given up the further sur
vey of the Coatzacoalcos river for the present,
and we are this far on our way to lhe Pacific
to examine lhe Bay of Ventosa, and lhe coast
generally, in search of a good harbor. Infor
mation met us here that Major Barnard had
discovered a pass through the mountain of
“ Cerros de Musabua,” which puts at an end
all cavil or doubt as to the practicability of the
Tehuantepec railroad. Mr. Temple’s (the
hydrographic) party will be detained here
some days waiting for transportation across
the Isthmus, during which time 1 expect to
see Major Barnard- Mr. Williams’s party and
the Major are now at work near Cbenela, sur
veying the route from the Pass of Masuhsta to
the lakes on the Pacific. Mr. Avery’s party
leave to-morrow for Boca del Monte, and will
commence at once to survey the route from Bo
ca del Monte to Monatitlan. It is supposed that
it will occupy about four mouths, and before
that time all the other work will be done. So
you may expect to see the surveying expe
dition in New Orleans within about that time.
The river has not been abandoned as unfit
for use, but, on the contrary, it is an excellent
river. It is the intention of Major B. to ex
amine all the proposed routes, and by actual
survey estimates to select lhe best and cheapest
praiieable route. The lowest water we found
on the rapids, coming up, was three stet; but
this is very rare, and with some improvements,
such as removing snags, turning shutes, &c.,
six feet might be carried at low water, and iu
high water the largest class Mississippi steam
ers might ascend with safety. Should any
thing further come to light I will write. The
members of the expedition remain in unin
terrupted good health.
Year friend, j. ▲. k.
Pass Sarabia. Feb. 11, 1851.
Dear Pic.— Mr. Thos. James has just come
in from Roca del Monte, and from him I gath
er the following particulars of the Indian war
on the south side of this Isthmus. Col. Me
lendez and his followers have left Juchitan,
and are in their fastness in the mountains.
The Government troop?, about4oo in number,
are at present occupying Juchitan. The citi
zens have returned to their homes, and are
permilted to pursue their usual occupation.
Four of the ringleaders under Melendez have
been arrested and sent to Oxaca tor trial. The
volunteers who were enlisted for the protec
tion ot the city of Tehuantepec have been
disbanded. The hydrographic party start
to-morrow for the Pacific taking all the im
portant towns on the Isthmus in the way ;
should anything of interest take place, you
may expect to hear trom me.
Major Barnard is tn Boca del Monte. He
as recovered from his wound. It atford? me
leasure to add my feeble testimony to the
Major’s ability and determination to do the
company full and ample justice in making the
survey. Great credit is also due to Passed
Midshipmen Temple and Murphy, for the
energy used by them in bringing up their part
of the work. The hydrographic survev will
be completed much earlier than die land sur
vey. All the members of the survey remain
m good health.
It is believed in Juchitan that so soon as the
Government troops are withdrawn from the
Isthmus, Col. Melendez will recommence bos
nicies. j. A. K.
Boca dil Moftb, Ffb. 13. 1851.
IW Pic —ln the hope that this will reach
*' , ‘ nal ‘'* an die departure of the Alaba
arrived A 2 Jrl OpP i Orlailuy lOM * we have
at thia place, on our way to the
Pacific. We left Pass Sarabia, on the 11th
—the day stated by me in my last communica
tion to you. Tho morning was cloudy, with
considerable symptoms of dampness, and du
ring the day it did rain, but our faithful little
animals lugged along, and about half-past 2
o’clock in the evening we reached here in
safety. Boca del Monte is twenty miles from
Pass Sarabia. Tne road as it now runs is over
hills and valleys, but Mr. Temple, who had
been over it before, told tne that ho could
make a road that would bo comparatively
level, and the distance not over thirteon miles.
The great peculiarity of this place is its beau
tilul scenery. From this place wo can view
the grand chain of mountains which divides
the two occeaus, and the different passes
through them have been pointed out to me
from the heights near here. They aro called
Chivela, Tarifa, and Masahua. The pass of
Masahua has been adopted for the railroad.
Mr. Williams’s parly are doing good service
in that neighborhood now. Mr. Avery’s party
are hard at work near the Cabeza del Tigre.
His lines will soon intersect with Mr. Wil
liams’s, when the most difficult part of the
work will be done. The hydrographic party
will leave here for the Pacific as soon as pro-
I visions can be forwarded. I learn from a
private source that Messrs. Trastour and
Mora cannot agree as to the best harbor on
the Pacific, hence the necessity of the survey
of those harbors by our own party. Major
Barnard sends us first to Ventosa Bay, but the
survey is to be general. Tbe Major is here
and appears to be very much engaged. The
parties are beginning to make their reports,
and a very correct idea of the road may be
formed now. The distance is much longer
than at first expected.
Boca del Monte is lhe rancho of Don Bar
tol Rodriguez. The Don is seventy-one years
old —has about four leagues of land—some in
cultivation. Corn, chocolate, coffee, and all
tbe tropical fruits, are the products of his
farm. Upon tho whole, this is the most
beautiful place I have met with on the Isthmus.
J. A. K.
The Nicaragua Territory.
The letters below were written to a gentle
man of this city, in the course of a private
correspondence by a friend who has been the
last winter on a business trip to Nicaragua.
They were not intended for the press, but as
they contain much that is interesting in rela
lien to that part of the country which is a sub
ject of curiosity, they have been obligingly
handed to us for publication : — N. O. Pic.
Granada, State of Nicaragua, Jan. 14,1851.
I have been here since the first of January,
and am quite well pleased with what 1 have
seen of the place. I remained at San Juan
longer than I intended, but shall soon visit the
important places in the country. I was some
what unwell at San Juan, but am now well.
The weather while I was there was bad, that
is to say very wet, the rainy season, as it is
termed, being in its full. Here it is dry and
very pleasant. I have seen no thermometer,
but I shonld think it would mark not over 80°
and down perhaps to 65° some nights. I pre
fer to wear woolen clothes, allhough the resi
dent citizens all wear linen ones.
The population of the place is variously es
timated at from 15,000t0 30 or 40,000. lam
disposed to think the lesser figures are nearer
correct. It is prettily situated neai the shores
of Lake Nicaragua, say within a half a mile,
with mountains in sight in various directions,
one to the south, quite near, and some 1.800
or 2.000 feel above the level of the lake, the
top frequently obscured by clouds. 1 think
the place very healthy. The people are kind
and poor, and much inclined to trade in small
articles ; and, somewhat after the fashion of
the “mercband” women of New Orleans, in
dulge in the hawking or peddling business
considerably. There is not much profitable
business to be engaged in here yet Some
hundred Americans or more are settled here—
many others in other parts of the country, and
he assured, many of those who have passed
through lhe country this winter, will return to
it Unless lam much mistakeu, a little lime
and the tale will be told. The steamer ‘Direc
tor,’ belonging to the New York Company,
arrived here on the Ist January, much to the
gratification of the inhabitants, who, by the-bv,
evinced no little curiosity at the sight, and
were much excited by the event- The‘entire
people < fthe country seem to desire American
population, and no occasion is omitted to ex
press their decided partiality and friendship
forthem. On the evening of the Ist January
at the house of one of the first families, a ball
was given to Americans. It w ent off well and
was quite a nice affair. The steamer Director
is now running from this to San Carlos, a very
small place at lhe eastern extremity of the lake
at the outlet of the river San Juan, and thence
passengers are carried down the river in bun
gaes, in about 48 to 50 hours, At Sau Carlos
is the custom house—duties twenty per cent,
on all goods except liquor; on that, $1.25
per gal,on. Powder is prohibited. Sanju
an, at the mouth of tbe river, (claimed by the
Musquito King, and upheld in that claim by
Great Britain,) is now a free port since Ist
January.
There has passed through the country since
I have been 111 it at least 1,500 or 2,000 peo
ple. The travel still continues to quite a con
siderable extent, notwithstanding the facilities
as intended, are not yet on lhe route, and it is
less expeditious than by Panama. The New
York Company’s agent here says a good road
will soon be opened from the Port of San Ju
an del Sur, on the Pacific, to the lake, of not
over twelve or fifteen miles long, terminating
on the lake near the town of Nicaragua. Their
survey ors have some time since determined
the route, I understand. I believe their inten
tion is to open that for immediate purposes.
They have not yet selected the route or termi
ni of the canal.
Until the route is properly opened and in
successful operation, there will not be much
business in tho country ; but on the heels of a
good thoroughfare many kinds will doubtless
open up and pay well The present wants of
the country are few.
There are certainly over twenty hotels or
boarding houses in this place lam stopping
at one which covers two hundred feet square
or more, massive stone house, built all around
a court yard ; it is one of the best in the place,
and charge $1 per day, $6 per week, or S2O a
month, set a fair table with plenty of green
corn, squashes, snap beans and other summer
vegetables, besides many varieties of fruit.
The native mechanics do some very good
work, and cheap. You can buy very good
shoes for $1.25 per pair, and they make panta
loons for sl. Nearly all kinds of dry goods
are as cheap as in New Or'eans • Some
.American carpenters are getting from $3 50 to
$5 per day for work though the demand for
them is not yet great. Yours, truly, j. t. d. w,
Gkan ada, Central America, March 2, 1851.
I have seen the most important parts of this
country and principal places in it; have been
to Realejo, to lhe city of Leon, many other
towns in that section of the country lying be
tween this and Realejo ; have been also to
“San Juan del Sur” on lhe Pacific, lhe point at
which terminales the line run by the engineers
of the New Yo’k Company for the intended
new road from Lake Nicaragua to the Pacific,
have travelled across the country from the lake
to the Pacific ; have been also on lhe northern
coast ofthe lake, to see what is called lhe slocfc
raising district,and mustsum all up by saying to
you it is a country in noway desirable withoutan
American population—lheu it will do; when
it will have it, remains to ba seen. The canal
enterprise may attract them, and many kinds
of business may follow ou the heels of it. I
have not yet ascertained if the route for the
canal is defined—am inclined to think it is not.
A few natives are said to be now employed
cutting out the road from the lake to San Juan
del Sur. Mr. Vanderbeh, of New York,
president of the company, has been out; he
returned in January to New York ; and it is
the impression here, among those who think
they ought to know, that the work will be
crowded—lhe road, I mean ; the distance is
short, twelve miles and a fraction, and it is ex
pected to plank or macadamise it. After the
road, then the canal. As yet the company
certainly move slowly, and in my opinion they
cannot place proper facilities ou the new route
before (he coming winter. The rou eis emi
nently practicable for a firm road, and the
harbor of San Juan del Sur, though small, is
perhaps sufficient for ail purposes connected
withit; It is quite deep, &c. Three-fourths
of the country across islevei—the rest broken,
though not bad- 1 rode from lhe lake to the
Pacific and back in less than a day, easily. At
Sau Juan del Sir is no village or house yet.
At lhe lake the country is well cultivated, and
numerous villages in the vicinity of the end of
the road. The chmate of lhe country is pleas
ant, at least at present, i do not think the
ocuntry. remarkably healthy.
Yours truly, j. t. d. w.
Hock Arrested —Hoge, the fellow who
sold the stolen draft to Mr. Wholes*, last Mon
day, has been arrested. He was taken by Mr.
Nelson Jones, about 16 miles from this city, in
ti e neighborhood of Liberty Meeting House,
Williamson county. It seems that Jones start
ed in pursuit of him Wednesday near lhe
Davidson and Wilson county line, and traced
him to where he was caught. Hoge was
armed with a rifle and two pistol*, but made
no demonstrations towards resistance. Just
before he gave himself up, Jones observed
him take something from his pocket and
throw it away. Upon subsequent search this
was found and pr >ved to be a bead purse con
taining twenty-nine one hundred dollar bills,
sixty-five dollars in gold, and some specie in
change. This, with the money found secre
ted under Hoge’s residence, and that taken
from his wife, amounts to more than the
amount of the draft. It is very gratifying to
the friends of Mr. Wheless ’hat be escapes
the heavy loss which it was feared had over
taken him. — Nashville Banner. 28th u t.
The Charleston Steam Ship Lise.—
The editor of the Baltimore American says:
•• lu passing through the ship yard of Capt.
J. A Robb, a day or two since, we noticed
that the pioneer steam ship which he is build
ing so? the line between this city and Charles
ton, S. C. is being pushed forward with much
despatch, the entire frame of the vessel being
nearly up. Her model already displays the
beautiful clipper like proportions which it is
designed to give her, and which even to the
cursory spectator give evidence of the rapid
selling qualities she will possess. Her bur
then will be about 700 tons. She will be a
propeller steamer, her engines and machinery
being already in progress at the establishment
of Mr. Chas. Reeder, on the south side of the
basin. The vessel will we feel confident, in
every respect, prove one of the finest and
most efficient steam ships of her cl as*, which
ha* ever been built. Suited as experience has
shown this description of steam ships to be to
a trade like lhat between this city and Charles
ton, we are assured lhat her launch will be the
foundation of a permanent and prosperous
line, greatly advantageous iu its result* to the
commercial interest of both cities. —Ch. Cour.
Her Majesty me Queen has appointed R*.
Honorable Sir Henry Lytton Bulwer, K C.
B. her Majesty's Envoy Extraordinary and Min
ister Plenipotentiary to the United States of
America, to be an Ordinary Member of the
First Class of Knights Grand Cross of tne
Most Hon. Order of lhe Bath.
X XXjl> W X
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"aUGtSsTaT GA.:
WEDNESDAY MORNING,.. -APRIL 3.
TO POSTMASTERS.
In ordering a paper changed from one post
office to another, always be par
ticular to designate u> what post office lhe
paper has been previously sent.
And in returning papers to the publishers,
you should never fail to mark the name ofthe
post office from which they are returned.
The observance of these two things on the
part of postmasters, will eave publishers much
trouble in looking over long lists of names to
find the right one.
tSTWiII our subscribers show this para
graph to their postmasters, and ask them to re.
collect it.
travelling agent.
Mr. J. D. Wells is the Travelling Agent for this
paper and the Southern Cultivatory and any assis
tance that our friends ir.ay render him in increasing
het circulation of either will be thankfully received.
Our Manufacturing Interest.
In au article Huder the above caption, which
appeared in the Chronicle if Sentinel of Tuea
day, and which was dictated by that sincere in
terest which we have always felt, and have of
ten expressed, in the manufacturing interests
of the country, and in no spirit, either of un
kind censure or officious dictation—both of
which we expreisly disavow —fears were ex
pressed as to the ultimate influences of these
enterprises upon the real prosperity of our
city, and the publie at large. While the views
ofthe general ofthe importance of ed
ucational and moral influences upon such en
terprises. expressed in that article, remain un
changed, we rejoice to be able to say, that from
actual knowledge of circumstances, which had
come to us rather in the shape of rumor, we
are convinced that there is less occasion for
solicitude on this subject, as far as our own
factories are concerned, than we had feared.
And as this is one of the cases where we much
prefer to have been innocently mistaken than
correct in our impressions, so we desire, in
justice to ourselves no less than to others, to
remove from the public mind any erroneous
ideas which we may have been the instrument
of conveying. We are glad to have been as
sured by those directly concerned in the man
agement of our own manufacturing establish
ments, that they entertain a high sense of the
importance of providing, as far as practicable,
for the comfort of their operatives, and for
their mental and moral education.
We have learned that a day school for chil
dren has been opened at the Factory, where
instruction is gratuitously provided for al I
children, who may attend, and that a respec
table number avail themselves of its advanta
ges. Preaching and Sunday School instruc
tion is also enjoyed upon the Sabbath, and
while it is not pretended or expected that there
a re. or will be, no individual cases of immoral
ity or vice among such a population; yet we
have been assured that there has been an ele
vation of the general character of tho opera'
tives, and tint no person of known immoral
or vicious babiin is allowed to remain in con
nection with any department of lhe establish
ment. We rejoice to be able to give publici
ty to these facts, and wo have no doubt that
they will be gratifying to all who feel an inte
rest in these great industral enterprises. It is
a matter of extreme difficulty to secure in a
Factory population that exalted state of
morality which is desirable for lhe public good,
and we have been very much rejoiced to hear
from those immediately concerned in these
enterprises, to which so much of our pros
perity is justly attributable, and which have
been conducted with great energy and ability,
that they earnestly desire, and sedulously en
deavor to secure every elevating and improv
ing influence to those who are in their employ
ment. We did not intend to charge them
with an entire neglect of such considerations,
and our remarks were intended to have only a
general bearing ; but we are glad to find that
more has been done, especially in the way of
education, than we were aware of, and more
we presume than was generally known to the
public. If we have been understood as exer
cising any unfriendly feeling towards such es
tablishments, we have been very unfortunate
in expressing our real sentiments. These
have been, an! are, or a directly opposite
character. A long and intimate acquaintance
with manufacturing communities, has con
vinced us that they may be. and under right
influences will be, most important sources of
public prosperity’ and entirely compatible
with as high a state of intelligence and morali
ty as in any place of equal density of popula
tion. We believe that those who have the
care of those interests among up, earnestly de
sire that their establishments shall be a bless
ing to the community, and they must pardon
us, if in the earnestness of our zeal, and the
sincerity of our interest in their efforts, we
should seem to be unduly solicitous, or hold up
a too rigid standard. •
Location of Bounty Landa.
Wk take pleasure in calling lhe attention of
those interested, to the advertisement of Fran
cis P. Stvbrs, of Monroe, Louisiana, o tie ring
to locate bounty lands in some valuable dis
trict es that State. Mr. S.J is a native of
Georgia, is well and favorably known about
Milledgeville, and we feel assured that any bu
siness committed to his charge will be attend
ed to with fidelity. See advertisement.
The Charge against Mr. Cobb.
Judge Young, the Clerk of the House of
Representatives, nails to the counter as base
coin, the vile slander of the New York Tribune,
against the Hon. Howell Cobb, charging him
with altering a bill as it came from the Senate.
He denies positively any interference by Mr.
Corr with the paragraph of the naval bill re
lating to the California Dry Dock, &c., there
fore the law stands exactly as it came from the
Senate, and if fault exists it rests with the Sen
ate officers. It was scarcely necessary for lhe
Clerk to have made such a denial, for no hon
est and intelligent man in the country believ
ed a word of the story.
Death of Major Noah.
The New York correspondent of the Balti
more Sun, announces the death of Major W.
W. Noah, the venerable and accomplished
editor, which took place about midnight on
Saturday night last. In him lhe Editorial Fra
ternity have lost one of their ablest members,
and the country a sincere, earnest and devoted
patriot.
The Hon. Wm. B, Campbell has been
nominated by the Whigs of Tennessee, as
theircandidate for Governor. Trowsdale, the
present Governor, is the Democratic «andi
date.
Union Ticket in Mi-sissippi.—Hinds coun
ty, Miss., is first in the field. The Union con
vention of lhat county met last week at Ray
mond. and nominated the following ticket:
For the Convention—Hon. S. Foote, Hon
W. L. Sharkey and Hon. Amos R. Johnnton.
For Senator—Daniel W. Adams, Esq. For
Legislature—Thomas J. Catchings, GeaJge
W. Harper and Isaac N. Selser.
Benefit of Railroads.—Dr. Lardner well
remarks in his late treatise on railways: “ The
population of a great capital is condensed into
a small compass, by the difficulty and incon
venience of passing over long distances ;
hence has arisen the densely populated state
of great cities like London and Paris. If the
speed by which persons can be transported
from place to place be doubled, the same po
pulation can, without inconvenience be
spread over four times the area; if he speed
be tripled, i may occupy nine times the area.”
A letter from Naples states that the King of
Naples has announced hi* intention of refu
sing passports to ail Neapolitans desirous of
visiting England and the Great Exposition.
He will not have them see or hear anything
calculated to improve their maaufactnres or
enlighten their minds.
A Grave Charge. —In a let er, addressed
to the lord mayor ot Dublin, Lord Cloneatry
has charged the English government with hav
ing caused the death by starvation, within the
last four years, of 2,000,000 of the Irish peo
ple.
Engish Mixes.—ln the copper mines of
Cornwall, England, 15,000 people are employ
ed; in the tin mines, 8,000; in the lead nunes,
27.422—t0ta1. 50,420.
1 HE largest locomotive in the world i* said
to be in operation on the Madison and India
napolis Railroad It weighs 43 tons !
Small Pox in Montgomery!
The Journal of the 25th instant, says : The
Board of Health reports that no new cases of
Small Pox has occurred since the 9lh inst.,
and no Varioloid for the last week. In fact,
the epidemic, which was never of much im
portance from the first, has ceased here—been
vaccinated out.”
This is a very satisfactory demonstration of
the advantages and importance of vaccination
as a preventiveagainst this loa’hsome disease.
The facility and rapidity of transportation by
means of steam from one extreme of the coun
try to another, and especially from the sea
ports to the interior, render general vaccina
tion among the whole people much more ne
cessary now than at any former period of our
history. This fact is apparent from the ap
pearance of the disease in so many, and such
remote sections of the country during the past
fall and winter, and should admonish all clas
ses to provide against its incursions, by the
onlv preventive known to science—vaccina
tion. This is easily performed, and is atten
ded with no danger or sickness when the mat
ter is obtained from a healthy subject; and as
to its efficacy, there is no doubt in every in
stance where it takes properly. It is true, it is
very difficult to tell by observation, nay almost
impossible even by the most practiced eye,
whether the ulcer formed on the arm is a per
fect one, and a sure preventive against the dis
ease. It’s efficacy may, however, be easily
and effectually tested by re-vaccination, until
it fails to have any effect, or produce an ulcer.
When this occurs, the subject may be consid
ered as in no danger of taking the disease,
even though he may be in the same room with
and nurse a patient with small pox.
That vaccination is thus efficacious is
abundantly established by the progress and
history of small pox, from the time of the dis
covery, and especially vindicated by a case
which occurred near Hamburg, South Caro
lina, last fall. A gentleman, the head of a
family, who had been imperfectly vaccinated,
took small pox, which proved to be a very
severe case, and although his wife and a fami
ly of several children, with servants (ail of
whom had been vaccinated) remained in the
same house and lot, and nursed him'during his
illness, not one of them took the disease, not
withstanding all were exposed to it. We
mention this fact to remove the doubts which
many feel as to the efficacy of vaccination as
a preventive, and the prejudices indulged by
others.
Vaccination.
As the small pox has appeared in various
parts of the Union, to an unusual extent, with
in the last twelve months, we have thought it
proper to call the public attention to the follow
ing extracts from the Eclectic Department of
the April No. of the Southern Medical and Sur
gical Journal, showing not only the necessity
of vaccination, but of revaccination, to arrest
and extinguish this dreadful and loathesome
disease in this country. After reading ihe facts
set forth in the extracts, we hope that none
will neglect the sanitary measures of vaccina
tion and revaccination :
Results of Revaccination in the Prussian Ar
my, during 1849. During the year 1849 there
were 51,637 individuals revaccinated, of whom
39,116 had distinct cicatrices of the former vaccina
tion, 8706 bad these in an imperfect condition, and
3815 were destitute of them. The vaccination
Pursued a regular course in 30,457
An irregular one in 8,467
And failed in 12,713
Succeeded on repetition in 2,862
Thus, then, of the 51,637 vaccinations, 33,319 were
quite successful; vesicles runnings normal course
being produced. This proportion, amounting to 64
percent., is nearly I per cent, more than was ob
tained in 1847 and 1848.
Os the different forms of variolous disease which
appeared in the army throughout 1849, only 62cases
occurred, and were distributed as follows:
In persons Kevaccinut- Hevaccinat
not revac- ed without ed with sue
cinated. success. cess. Total.
Varicel’.a** 2 6 5 13
Varioloid** 14 17 9 40
Variola. •• 6 2 19
22 25 15 62
In almost every case the disease ran a mild course,
and frequently was quite insignificant. One case
only was fatal. A recruit vaccinated when a child
had not been yet revaccinated, and died on the 10th
day.— Med. Zeitung, 1850, Ao. 19.
On Vaccination and Revaccination —By. M.
Craninx.—kn interesting discussion has lately taken
place at the Belgian Academy of Medicine, upon the
subject of vaccination. The following were the con
clusions of M. Craninx, the reporter, which were
affirmed by the academy ; —l. Variola and varioloid
are but degrees of the same affection. 2. Simple va
riola may attack the same individual twice, but
scarcely ever in rapid succession (coup sour coup.)
3. It may also attack persons who have been proper
ly vaccinated, but it is then generally mitigated.
(M. Lombard observed that the word “ generally”
must be dwelt upon ; for subjects who. to all appear
ance, have been well vaccinated, at a distant period
occasionally die from variola He added, that in the
dreadful epidemic which has just devastated Liege,
this was the case, while none of those who underwent
revaccination took the disease.) 4. Variola after
vaccination, is almost without example within the
next ten years; but it is observed from time to time
in who have been vaccinated for more than
twenty years. It is, however, very rare after forty.
5. It is of more frequent occurrence, but, at the same
time, milder, in the vaccinated, than in persons who
have already undergone an attack of it- 6. Vnrio-
Tunr n> observed ohelier than variola after vaccination,
and is not infrequently observed in children ; but it in.
creases both in frequency and severity from ten to
twenty-five or thirty years. 7. Variola and varioloid
in the vaccinated, not following the same course in re
spect to frequency or intensity as in the non-vaccinat
ed, the cases in which they are seen among the former
cannot all be explained upon the supposition of a faulty
vaccination, but upon that of a diminution of the pre
servative action of vaccination. 8. Perhaps we
should admit incomplete vaccinations possessed of a
less degree of preservative power, and capable of be
coming sooner exhausted. In this point of view,
sufficient importance is not attached to the general
reaction which should accompany the vaccine erup
tion, indicating the action of the virus upon the gene
ral economy. 9. If the protective power of vaccina
tion has become enfeebled by time, if not in all, at
least in several individuals, there is net sufficient
evidence to show that the vaccine, considered in it
self, has lost its efficacy since the first years of its
discovery. While there is doubt, it is better to re
vert to the cow-pox whenever the opportunity pre
sents itself. (U;>on this resolution M. Seutin remark
ek that, believing as he did, that the vaccine lymph
which existed is efficient, and that it fails either
from not having been taken well, or owing to individ
ual susceptioiiities, he considered this conclusion
would spread needless alarms. M. Lombard ob
served, however, that the new cow-pox, recently
imported from England, certainly exhibited a more
certain and more active effect.) 10. As the immu
nity conferred by vaccination is not indefinitely ab
solute, revaccination, at least for a great number of
individuals, is rationally indicated. 11. Observa
tion shows, that when it succeeds, the second vaccin
ation produces phenomena very nearly like the first
so that we would, a priori, anticipate the same
effects from it. 12. Experience has determined this
point: it has proved that a recent revaccination pre
serves from variola and varioloid, and that, practised
on a sufficient scale, conjointly with vaccination, it
constitutes a sure means of arresting (he progress of
this malady when it epidemically, 13. It
succeeds beat in proportion as it is most required,
that is, the more remote the period is since the in
dividual has had variola, or has been vaccinated.
14. If it does not succeed ata first attempt, it should,
if necessary, be repeated several timet,. 15. Du
ring the prevalence of an epidemic of variola or
varioloid, it isprudent to revaccinate all those whose
first vaccination dates fen years back, and all those
whose first vaccination gives rise to any doubt. 16.
Revaccination may be performed almost indifferent
ly with the lymph of a primarv or a secondary vac
cination. 17. it is imprudent to inosculate with the
lymph of spontaneous varioloid ; nevertheless, in the
time of an epidemic, if vaccine lymph could not be
possibly obtained, we should be authorized in the
employment of thin fluid, ami to transmit it as we
do vaccine lymph. Is. If revaccination is so useful
a thing, at least for a certain number of persons, vac
cination ioses none of its imjiortance; and the gov
ernment and the profession should exert all their in
fluence to enable the entire populati in to participate
in its benefits.— Gaz. Med., No. 27. Ibid,
Look out for Countxrfeits.—The St.
Louis Timet, of the 4th instant, gives an ac
count of the breaking up of a noted counter
feiter, named John 8. Moore, near that city.
The officer suceeded in getting possession of
hie press, tools, and about $200,000 of bills,
which were well executed, and generally
signed and ready for issue. In the batch was
several thousand dollars of Treasury notes ;
also S2O and SIOOO bills on the Bank of
Georgetown, South Carolina ; SIOO and SSOO
bills on the Bank of Carolina; $lO bills on
the Bank of Augusta, Georgia, and SSO North
Carolina. The amount on each bank ia not
stated, but we presume it must have been con
siderable.
It is stated that daring the first three weeks
of the present month, 50.000 barrels of flour
have deseended the Chesapeake and Ohio
Canal to Georgetown.
The merchants and other citizens of New
York have opened a subscription paper for
ths purpose of conveying to Mr. B. Bates
some substantial testimonial of the sense en
tertained by them of his valuable and gratui
tous services in procuring the passage of the
Cheap Postage Law.
The Houston (Texas) Telegraph gives an
article on the importance and practicability of
a railroad from New Orleans to Texas. Hous
ton is nearly west from New Orleans, the
face of the country very favorable for such an
enterprise, and the lines would pass through
one of the best sugar and cotton regions in the
Union. The Crescent city would be vastly
benefited by such a road, wfaiie Galveston
would suffer severely from the change of the
trade of the country direct to the Mississippi
river.
Brown's Hom. —We learn that this old
established hotel at Washington, D. C., is
about to be pulled down and rebuilt on a
magnificent scale. It is expected to be com
pleted about the first of November next.
Arms for California- —The Secretary of
War, estimating the quota for the militia of
California at SIOO,OOO, has forwarded to that
state, at the request cf Senator Gwin, 100
Colt’s patois, 2UO muakats. and the remainder
of the state’s quota in rifles
1 . _ll—l
Where 1 'v \
The N. O. Bea,-st ttmj&ilh tHw
says: “It may be well to mention, by the bye,
the long crop gentry, are backing out as fast
as they can, having dropped no less than
200,000 bales within the last fortnight.”
This remark excites some little anxiety to
know where the notorious Mr. Gwathmey is
in the estimates? He set out last summer in
Europe, long before the crop was made, with
an estimate, “based upon the most reliable
authority,” of 2,800 000 bales and possibly
3,100,000 bales. The last we heard from
the renowned gentleman he had fallen 300,000
bales—had actually got down to 2,500.000
Can it be possible he has fallen again—has
actually descended below two and a half mil
lions? If so, he is certainly in danger of ma.
king a descent where it will be difficult to es
cape the obnoxious epithet of infamous.
The State Road. —Will our Georgia friends in
form us whether it is the fault of the agent of their
State Road at Chattanooga, or for the want of cars,
that the ware-houses al Chattanooga are groaning
under the weight of the produce which has accumu
lated there on its way to the markets of Charleston,
Augusta, Macon, Savannah, &c. 1 Some persons
tell us it is the result of Bishop’s wilful negligence,
while his apology is the want of cars. HTiaZ is the
cause of the evil, and can it be remedied?—Knox
ville Register,
In the present anomalous condition of things
on the State Road it is very difficult to furnish
our Tennessee contemporary a satisfactory
response. It has been satisfactorily shown by
Mr. Arms, that the excuse of “ a want of cars,”
is wholly unfounded—that they have had more
than a sufficiency of cars to transport the en
tire freight offering. VVe think the most pro
bable explanation is, the total inefficiency of
the management, including the Chief-Engineer
and all his subordinates.
VVe should rejoice to be able to remove the
cause of so much complaint, but we see no
prospect till after the October election, when,
we think, the people will give the entire squad
their walking papers.
Within the last ten days several persons have
visited our town with a view to engage in commer
cial pursuits, but hove been unable to procure houses.
As routs are advancing, we trust for the sake of the
prosparity of the town, that those citizens of Knox
ville who own vacant lots, will erect upon them such
business houses as the growth of our trade demands.
We have heretofore referred to this matter, and only
do so again because of tho weekly increasing de
mand for such houses.— Knoxville Register,
Our Knoxville friends are already begin
ing to reap some of the benefits of the exten
sive system of internal improvements, design
ed to develope the resources of that fertile re
gion. This foretaste of the harvest, we hope,
may excite the enterprising spirits of East
Tennessee to renewed and increased exertions
to complete, at the earliest possible day, the
lines of railroad which are destined to diffuse
such great blessings among them.
Does not Inherit.—John A. Calhoun, son
of John C. Calhoun, has been badly beaten at
a late election for delegates to the South Caro
lina State Convention. He is reported to have
been in favor of State secession.
The above paragraph we clipped from the
New Orleans Bulletin, for the purpose of
correcting the error into which that and seve
ral other journals have fallen, but it accident
ally got into the compositor’s hands without the
contemplated correction, and was inserted in
our paper of Sunday morning.
John A. Calhoun here alluded to, who w’as
so badly beaten in Abbeville District for the
Convention, is a Nephew, not a “son” of the
distinguished Carolinian. And although he
bears the name and some slight personal re
semblance, in everything else he is very unlike
his uncle.
Professor Page’s Electro-Magnetic Loco
motive, we understand, says the National In
telligencer of Saturday, made a preliminary
trial the day before yesterday, on our railroad,
for the purpose of testing the best mode of at
taching the battery, which seems to be a diffi
cult point owing to the jostling and oscillations
of the locomotive. It was run out over two
miles, and the best speed on a straight track
was ten miles an hour. The locomotive
weighs ten and a half tons,and has five feet
drivers, with two feel stroke. VVe hope soon
tosee it under way in full blast. It made a
curious appearance to those who happened
to be on the spot at the lime, as it looks exact
ly like a passenger car.
New Three Cent Coin.—The Philadel
phia Ledger of Thursday says :
“ The die for the three cent piece, ordered to be
coined by the last Congress, has been finished, and
tbe coinage would be proceeded with at once at our
mint, but for a defect in the law, which makes no
provision for procuring the silver and copper to com
mence with. In consequence, the coinage will be
delayed uutil the proper steps are taken by the
authorities at Washington to remciy the deficiency.
The new coin is decidedly neat and tasty, and will
be in a measure a convenient substitute for coppers.
It is one-fourth copper and three-fourths silver, so
that the baser metal affects the color but slightly.
In size it is between the gold dollar and the five cent
piece, but it is ao much thinner thin either that a
blind man can easily distinguish Lhonxapar* Ry lLa
toitoh. Tiro foe a n s the coin has a capital C, with 3
in numerals indicating the value of the coin embrac
ed within it. Around the edge are the thirteen
stars for the original States. On the reverse is a star
having in its centre an American shield, and around
tbe edge “United States of America, 1851.”
African Slave Trade in Cuba.—Tho Ha
vana correspondent of tho New York Sun,
says:
Another slaver has successfully landed six
hundred! negroes on the Southern coast of
the Island, and nothing has been said about
the matter, though it is no state secret. I should
rather think there is some foul play carried on
by Crawford, ihe English Consul, and bis bro
ther associates of the “Commission.”
Soldier’s Asylum.—The National Inlelligen.
cer states that tho Military Asylum Commis
sioners made a visit on Friday to Mount Ver
non, for the purpose of examining the local
suitableness of that interesting place, or its
contiguous grounds, for the purpose of the
proposed Asyl im for invalid and superanua
ted soldiers. The associations of that venera
ted spot would impart to it a peculiar fitness
for such an institution, and should it be
thought, by the eminent officers entrusted with
the selection, to fulfil the other conditions re
quired in the selection of a site for the Asylum,
the choice of Mount Vernon will be gratifying
to the whole country.
The President of the United States and sev
eral Memberr of the Cabinet accompanied the
Commissioners on their excursion to Mount
Vernon.
The Governor of Massachusetts has ap
pointed Tniirsday, the JOih of April, “as a
i.ay of Fasting, Humiliation and Prayer.”
Peace of Europe—The London Times*
reviewing the present elate of Europe, ac
knowledges its fears that the existing calm in
the political elements is likely to be but tem
porary. The revolutionary principle has been
checked, but neither subdued nor conciliated ;
and the two parties, the one of progress, and
the one of established institutions, seem to
pause from a contest in which neither was ex
actly certain of its real position.
in allusion to the popular outbreaks in 1848,
in France, Germany and Italy, and to the
measures of repression resorted to, the Times
says :
“Every Government of the Continent has been
from that time forth under arms. Every Sovereign
has prepared for personal defence ; and the Courts of
Europe are like places fortified against an enemy in
the field. Military arrangements, hardly equalled
in the greatest wars, cover the most civilized coun
tries and exhaust the energies of the people. AuthoriJ
ty has assumed the arms and accepted the alliance of
despotism, since freedom dt ascended to violence and
appealed to the passions of a revolution. Between
such extremes there is little to choose, for both are
equally remote from that standard of liberty and or
der to which this country happily adheres. But the
deepest disgrace rests, in our opinion, upon these
who first degraded the liberal cause by the abuse
they made of it, and then exposed it to a conflict in
which it has been inevitably worsted; while the
danger now pressing most heavily upon the future is
that, as nothing has been done irinae the restoration
of tranquility to regain the confidence and gratitude
of the people, the struggle will ose day be renewed,
and the world is threatened by a long alternation of
popular license and military oppression.”
The Truth Well Expressed.—There is
much truth in the following brief paragraph
from the Petersburg Intelligencer:
“Much of the opposition to the Compromise
measures is attributable to the fact that they
have been sanctioned by a Whig Administra
tion. Had a Northern Democrat been in the
position now occupied by Mr. Fillmore, and
given his assent to the Compromise Bills, many
who now denounce the Adjustment would
have been loud in their praises of the North
ern man who thus manifested his Southern
feelings. We believe this as firmly as we be
lieve that the sun shines; and we farther be
lieve that had President Fillmore, instead of
signing the Compromise bills, placed his veto
upon them, those who now so bitterly de
nounce the measures, wou’d as bitterly have
denounced Mr. Fillmore for not giving his as
sent to them.”
Sale of Stocks.
At the Market House yesterday. 20 Shares
Mechanic's Bank Stock were sold by the Ad
ministrators of the estate of C. J. Cook, at
$146.75, and 35 Shares by the Administrators
of the estate of A. Sibley, at $150.25 per
Share, and 225 Shares of the Iron Steam
Boat Company's Stock, at 98 to SIOO per
Share. _______
“ Blackwood,” for March, has been laid
on our table by Mr. Thos. Courtney, the
Agent for this City. Praise of thia standard
work at this day would indeed be super
fluous
1
for its rampant disunienism, a few days since
moved the nomination of Wilson Lumpkin, as
the candidate of the disunionists for Governor
and has beeu wading for a second to the mo
tion. We sincerely hope the second may be
obtained and the motion adopted by the party.
The Enquirer of that city devotes an article
to the proposed nomination by his neighbor,
which he thus concludes:
We have said more, however, on the suggestion of
our neighbor than it is worth. A short allusion to
the picture of his candidate, and we shall drop the
subject we trust forever. A portrait should bear
some faint resemblance to the original ; but in that
of Mr. Lumpkin we can trace none whatever. Hero
it is:—
“ Venerable in years, a tower of strength in
the maturity, the fame and tenacity of his political
principles, his eye kindling for the conflict, under
the guidings of northern aggression, while younger
politicians and men were bowing before the storm
he is every inch a Roman, and worthy to carry the
flag of the Southern Rights Party of Georgia.” jrf
“ Every inch a Roman! Ami worthy to carry tbe
flag of the Southern Rights party of Georgia !” He
may be a Roman of the Cataline order, one whose
selfish ambition would prompt him to overturn the
Government and lay waste, with fire and sword, the
fairest and freest land the sun ever shorn: upon.
Such a Roman lie may indeed be; but his recent
course has demonstrated to the country that he is but
an indifferent sample of a genuine American. He
is worthy, however, to bear the Southern Rights
flag! This may be true, but his views at pre
sent are proof enough that he is fit for nothing
else in a political point of view. Let him then,
or any other man of bis stripe, grasp tbe disunion
flag, and attempt to wave it in triumph over the
intelligent voters of Georgi*, and he will hear tbe
vol :e that was uttered last fail against his associates
in political iniquity. Tho citizens of this State have
not so soon forgotten what effort 3 were then made to
drive, delude and cajole them into a position ruinous
to them and ruinous alike to the country, nor have
they forgotten the men whoso desperately attempted
to push them into the vortex of of disunion. They
have carefully treasured up the recollection of these
things, and will bring their minds and their votes to
bear upon them at the coining elections.
The Knoxville Register.
Mr. J. K. Johnson, the Agent for the Regis
ter, is now in the city with a view to canvass
for subscribers and advertisements for that
journal. The Register is a long established
journal of extensive circulation, conducted
with great propriety, and those of our citizens
who have any patronage to bestow in that di
rection, cannot confer it on a more deserving
establishment.
Virginia and the Compromise.—ln the
Virginia House of Delegates on Monday, Mr.
Flournoy, from the select committee, to whom
tho South Carolina resolutions were referred,
made a report, which he said had been unani
mously agreed to by the committee, and which
he hoped would be adopted by the House with
like unanimity.
Tbe report was accompanied with six reso
lutions. The first expresses sympathy with
South Carolina “in the feelings excited by the
unwarrantable interference of the non-slave
holding States with our common institutions.”
The second is to the effect that the compro
mise measures of the late Congress being a
fair adjustment of the exciting questions to
which they relate, it is inexpedient for Vir
ginia to send delega’es to the proposed South
ern Congress.
The third affectionately appeals to South
Carolina to desist from any meditated seces
sion. The fourth is as follows:
That Virginia, believing the consfttution of the
United States, if faithfully administered, provides
adequate protection to the rights of ail the states of
this confederacy, and still looking to that instrument
for defence, within the Union ; warned by the expe
diency of the past, tbe dangers of the present, and
ihe hopes of the future, invokes all who live under it
to adhere more strictly to it, and to preserve inviolate
the safeguards which it affords io the rights of indivi
dual States and the interests of sectional minorities.
The fifth declares that all legislation or com
binations designed in any way to affect “ the
institutions peculiar to the South,” deserve
unqualified reprobation, and, if persevered in,
must inevitably defeat tho restoration of peace
ful and harmonious sentiment.
The sixth provides for sending a copy of the
resolutions to every State in the Union, with
the single exception of Vermont.
The report and resolutions were adopted on
Tuesday with almost entire unanimity. They
were separately voted on. The Preamble, and
4th, sth aud 6th Resolutions were unanimously
adopted. There was one nay on the Ist and 3d
resolutions, and three negatives on the 2d.
Reward for Chaplin.—Tho Washington
corre pondent of tho Charleston Courier says:
“General Chaplin, who aided in the escape of
Messrs. Toombs’and Stephens' negroes, last summer
was to have appeared at the Howard District Conit
in this S:ate, last week fortrial. He, however, fail
ed to come up, and forfeited the $19,000 bail, for his
appearance to be tried.
“ I learn that a petition largely signed, is now cir
culating, asking the Governor of Maryland to make
a requisition for his body, authorizing the Executive
to offer » ,- e amount of forfeited bail, $19,000, as a
reward for his apprehension and delivery to the au
thorities of the State. Our people feel deeply out
rngel, that an incendiary like him should come
among us, violate our laws by being a negro robber;
and then to make the matter worse, attempt to mur
der, and finally by the palty consideration of a few
dollars, purchase his release or escape from justice,
and a just punishment probably in the penitentiary.
There seems to be a determination to have him brought
jiintuM*, and I think and hope it will yet be done.”
The Mississippi.—The Baltimore Sun con
tains the following telegraphic dispatch, in re
lation to the condition of the Mississippi river :
New Orleans, March 24. —The Mississippi river
is now up loan unusual height, The water is high
er than it was at the highest point during the last
great overflow. An extensive crevasse has been
made at Baton Rouge, one at Aberviilo, and another
at Plaquemine. They are all very extensive, and
bailie every effort to close them.
The crevasse opposite New Orleans is still open
and becoming larger. It is now seriously appre
hended tint the Grand Levee is in great danger.
The river continues to rise. Much excitement pre
vails, and if the river continues to rise, tho conse
quences may prove very serious to the city.
Cleveland Railroad Communication.— The
Cleveland (Ohio) Herald, of the 19ih instant
announces that, on the day previous, the first
regular train of cars came over the Cleveland
and Pittsburgh Railroad with some one hun
dred passengers. The same paper says:
“Last night three hundred passengers ar
rived here by the Cleveland, Columbus, and
Cincinnati train, and one hundred by the
Cleveland and Pittsburgh train. Pretty well
for the ‘woodyard six miles from Newburgh
and when navigation is fairly opened the num
ber will be quadrupled.”
Southern Medical and Surgical Jour
nal —The April No. of this valuable periodi
cal is on our table, freighted with its usual
variety of original and miscellaneous matter.
It is published in this city by James McCaf
ferty, and edited by Professor L. A. Dugas.
Terms, $3 per annum in advance.
The Protestant Chapel in Rome.
Having published some weeks since a state
ment, that the Papal Government in Rome had
withdrawn its previously granted permission
to allow Protestant worship within the city,
and hence it had been suppressed, we are
gratified to find in the N. F. Courier 8? En
quirer, the following authoritative contradic
tion :
Rome, February 17, 1851.
To the Editors of the Courier <f- Enquirer:—
I have just read in your journal, under date of Jan
uary 14, some comments upon the supposed decision
of the Papal Government to withdraw the permission
granted to the Americans, of public Protestant wor
ship within the wails. Your remarks were based
upon the very positive statement to that effect by the
Roman correspondent of the London Daily News,
end he on his part might refer back to the confident
assertions of individual supposed to know of what
they affirmed.
1 beg you will allow me to say through your’ col
umns, that Mr. Cass never received such a commu
nication as that writer describes, •* to the effect that
his Holiness had been reluctantly obliged to with
draw the permission which he had granted with re
spect to the American Protestant chapel;” that the
worship of the American chapel has not been sus
pended by the Papal authorities; that we have no
reason to suppose it will be ; that the stated services
of the Sabbath go on as quietly and as free from an
noyance, of any kind whatsoever, as if held in the
United States; that there is but one sentiment among
the Americans in Rome upon this subject, viz: that
the Papal Government has acted handsomely to
wards us in the toleration of our Protestant chapel
within the walls, and that we are bound to see that
it has the credit for it. The publicity given to the
false report allude! to, has been a source of much
annoyance and regret to os. Very respectfully,
yours, G. H. Hastings,
American Chaplain at Rome.
Americans in Paris.—A correspondent of
the N. Y. Tribune, writing from Paris under
date of th□ 28th February, says:
The 22d of February was not passed by here in
silence by the Americans. Same of them dined to
gether. Mr. Rive* has kept open house with true
Virginia hospitality, for his countrymen, during the
winter evenings. Satu.day morning and night they
might be found there. Mr. R ; ves’s hotel belongs to
the Cboiseul family, and is air xdy furnished in
comfortable French style. On the 22d of Novem
ber, Mr. Sandford, the popular young secretary, gave
at bis hotel ag. .nd ball to his compatriots. It being
Saturday night, at an early hour the company began
toasseLuule, and dancttig began ala rigeur. Beau
ties enlivened the s le; the supper was excellent;
the host attentive, and every body retired well satisfi
fied w h the social and patriotic enjoyment of the
oce ts:o i. Among the company were the best known
Americans in Paris, and various persons distinguish
ed for their attainments in whatever walk. Mr.
Sandford i«a graduate of a German university, and
is a very accomplished man.
I was Cvored by a visit from Mr. McCurdy, the
new Charge to Austria. He has the right sentiments
respecting the weight of America in the aflairs of the
world, and I have no question will do honor to his
place.
Mr. Dudley Mann is likewise here. He, too, is of
good American st .if an J tried talents. Mr. Web
. tier’s letter is making a seneaiion. 1 interested my
self to have it translated, and shall send copies to
so me of the leading republicans of Europe, it has
spi»eared at length in French and English in a new
joorral called Europe et Amerique, published half
in Fr.sucb and half in English, devoted to republican
ism aad the weal of nations.
Tne Legislature of New York has been on
a visit to the city of New York for some days.
Ihe members have most hospitably received
by the cly authorities and citizens. Ihe num
ber of vi«iters is upward* of three hundred and
fifty.
Ohlo--The Fugitive Slave Law.
The disunion journals of the South have
sought to make a considerable amount of
capital out of the following statement, which
was universally published by them, in refer
ence to the action of the Ohio Legislature.
“Ohio Fugitive Slave Act.—The Ohio
Legislature on tho 22d of February, passed
“ an act securing the benefit of habeas cor
pus,” which comes quite up to the Vermont
act. It makes it the dnty of the Attorney
General of the State, and the Prosecuting
Attorney of the counties—
“To protect and defend all persons arrested
as fugitive slaves, and to make immediate ap
plication to specified courts and judges for the
writ of habeas corpus ; such courts or judges
to grant the writ, and upon his return, to grant
a trial by jury on all questions of fact at issue
between the parties, provided either party make
application for such trial. If the verdict of
the jury thus called shall be in favor of the
person claimed as a fugitive slave, he shall
forthwith be restored to his liberty ; and if the
claimant shall again claim ownership in the
slave, within the State, he shall be deemed
guilty of felony, and on conviction thereof,
shall be imprisoned in the penitentiary for not
more than five nor less than three years.
The Ohio Statesman copies the paragraphs
and very unkindly takes the wind out of the
sails of the disunionists in the following man
ner. That Journal remarks that:
“On the 22d day of February, the entire
General Assembly, and our whole State Gov
ernment, including lobbies, were at Cleveland,
oelebrating the completion of the Cleveland,
Columbus and Cincinnati Railroad, and the
birth day of Washington. The Legislature
could not have passed that or any other bill or
resolution, for it was not at home. Nor has
any such bill passed that body during this sea
sion. We believe Mr. Pow, of the House,
gave notice of his intention to introduce such a
bill, and perhaps did introduce it, in the early
part of the session. We have not noticed any
further disposition of the matter.
Tribute of Respect to Prof. Wood.
Franklin College, March 29.
According to previous notice, the Students
met in the Phi Kappa Hall:
On motion of Mr. Singleton, Mr. F. Ganahl,
was appointed President, and Y. J. Anderson,
Secretary. Mr. Singleton then explained the
object of the meeting, and proposed that the
President appoint a Committee of three to
draft a Preamble and Resolutions suitable to
the occasion. Messrs. J. H. Phinizy, D. T.
Singleton and J. D. Waddel, having been
appointed, after retiring a few moments, re
turned with the following report:
Whereas, it has so happened that our beloved In
stitution is about to be deprived of the services of
Prof. N. H. Wood, we, the Students of the same,
have met to express in some appropriate manner our
high esteem for his qualifications and character, and
the loss we wilt suffer at his departure. Believing
however, that nothing which we could say or do
would heighten our mutual regard, and that such
emotions as we feel towards him ought ordinarily to
be understood rather than expressed, still on the eve
of our final separation nothing could be more appro
priats than to show to the public in what high rank
he was held while with us. His coarse for thirteen
years, while discharging the duties of a Professor,
has been unexceptionable, impartial; dignified, and
polite; his recitations will always be remembered
rather as the teachings of a friend, than the lessons
o'a master. Apart from his professional duties, his
undeviating line of gentlemanly conduct, his frank
ness of manner, and candid expression of bis senti
ments, won the hearts of all with whom he was as
sociated. Os his reputation as a scholar we need
not speak, for the universal satisfaction he has given
while with us, is abundant evidence that his Chair
cculd not have been filled by a worthier mon. For
all these qualities be will ever be remembered by us
with feelings of the deepest gratitude and respect.
Peace, prosperity and happiness be with him.
As a testimony thersfore, of our lasting
regard
Be it Resolved Ist., That we entertain the high
est esteem for his deportment as a gentleman and
attainments as a scholar, and that the Institution
with which he has been connected sustains a heavy
loss, and tha Students loose au impartial instructor,
a long tried and faithful friend.
2nd., That we tender him our warmest thanks for
his past kindness, and our best wishes for his suc
cess in future.
3d., That a copy of the proceedings of this meet
ing be presented to Professor Wood.
On motion of Mr. J. R. Respess, the Secre
tary was requested to furnish a copy of these
proceedings to the principal papers through
out the Slate fur publication.
Francis Gan ah l, Preident.
Young J. Anderson, Sec.
The citizens of Harrisburg, Penn., held a
public meeting on Saturday evening last to
take into consideration the propriety of fur
nishing grounds, raising means, and making
all necessary arrangements for holding tho
great Pennsylvania Agricultural exhibition in
that city in October next. The people of
Harrisburg seem determined to furnish all the
necessary grounds, buildings, fences, &c. free
of cost.
Crevasse at Bayou Plaquemine.—A Tele
graphic dispatch by the Western line, an
nounces the occurrence of a Crevasse at Bayou
Plaquemine, on Tuesday night. The breach
at the last accounts was 60 feet and fast in
creasing. The back part of the town of
Plaquemine was completely inundated.— N.
O. Bee, 271 h ult.
U. S. Dry Dock at Pensacola, said to be the
largest structure of the kind in the world, was
successfully launched on the 19th inst.
Al. J ide i Coutin has left Paris for the United
States, charged, by the Minister of Public
Works, with the mission of studying the rail
way system of this country.
A young man named Willard has been ar
rested at Belfast, Allegany county, New York,
charged with robbing the United State s mail.
At the time of his arrest he was a clerk in the
Post Office, and various sums known to have
been pudoined from letters were found in his
possession.
The Albatros. —This new Steamer, the
consort of the “Osprey,” which is to run be
tween Philadelphia and Charleston, arrived at
the latter city on Tuesday, after a handsome
■ run. The Philadelphia Bulletin makes the
following very handsome notice of her:
Steamship Albatros. —We believe no vessel
j ever built at our port has elicited so much admira
tion as this new and superb steamer. She stands
1 unrivalled for beauty of form, elegance and conve
t nience of arrangement throughout, as well as for
I speed as a screw steamer. In tier saloon and state
rooms there is an adaptation to any occasion of a
lull or small list of passengers. Each state loom is
so arranged that there maybe one, two or three
berths in it ; this with her admirable ventilation
must make the ship extremely popular for pas sen
' gers. Her capacity fcr freight is most extraordinary.
Yesterday the wharf was piled up with boxes, bales
i and barrels to such an extent, that it was believed
1 by many of those “alongshore” that the ship could
not stow it away. Yet before night it was all below
her decks, and room left for nearly one-third more.
She goes out therefor® with an exceedingly large,
but not full freight.
“ Agreeably to notice, the ship was thrown open
yesterday for visitors. During the entire day she
was crowded with the fair and beautiful of our city ;
but tbe place most admired and most sought after,
was the bridal chamber. This with its superb fur
niture was admired by all, and well it might be,
for such a “gem of a room,” as one lady christened
it, is rarely to be met with. More than two thou
san lof our citixens visited the ship yesterday.
The Albatros left at her appointed hour. We watch
ed her as far as the “point,” three miles below the
city. She accomplished this distance, the tide in
her favor, in the short space of eight and a half min
utes. This extraordinary running is equal to more
tl io twenty miles per hour. The Albatros, wo
think, satisfied all parties on tbe trial trip of her
speed and sea qualities, and we only noted her time
to-day as a frrther evidence of success. We sin
cerely wish that she may have favoring gales and a
rapid passage on this her first trip, and that our
Southern triends may feel as much pride in this
noble steamer as do the citizens of Philadelphia.”
Gold Medel.—We take pleasure, says the
Columbus (Ga.) Enquirer, in stating that our
fellow-citizen Israel F. Brown, Esq., (of the
firm of E. T. Taylor & Co.) has received the
handsome medal awarded to him by the South
Carolina Institute, for his invention of the
machine for filing Gin Saws. It is in
deed a beautiful and valuable prize,
(more valuable for being the only one award
ed last year) and granted to one of the first
mechanics of the country for the invention of
one of the most useful machines of the present
time. A description of the medal on paper
would convey no adequate idea of the beauty of
it. On one side is a Plough, an Anvil, and a
Loom, with some of the staple productions of
the South, all enclosed by the very appropriate
motto, “diversified industry, a nation's pros
perity.” On the other, the South Carolina In
stitute to I. F. Brown, Machine for filing Gin
Saws,” surrounded by a beautiful chaplet com
posed of the native products of the country.
The medal weighs 26. j pennyweights.
Brazil Coffee Trade.—We have been fur
nished by a friend with a circular from Rio de
Janeiro, dated 21st January, 1851, although we
hive had by other arrivals later dates. We
find in it a table of the exports of Coffee for
tbe years 1848, 1849 and 1830—which were as
follows: — Balt. Amer,
| 1848. | 1849. 1850.
To United States** 806.919 631,297 639,265
“ Europel 867,0281 811,315 692,298
“ Elsewhere, - * * • j _J4,120‘ _Jl36>
Bagg| |16»8;O67 11,464,075 1,346,937
Decrease in 1849 from 1848
“ in 1950 from 1848 3jl, 130
« in two years"bags, 595,122
Os the Coffee exported from Rio de Janeiro
in 1850, about one-half of the entire quantity
was shipped by eight houses. The names of
these and the quantities shipped by them du
ring the pastthree years are as follows:
1850. 1849. 1843.
Maiwell Wright &-C0««209,234 204,676 237,727
94'109 154,286 128,642
Rostrun, Du.ton & C 0.... 80,021 40,742 68.038
Coleman, Hutton &Co.- 69,186 111,100 152,348
Ed vrard Johnston & Co. •• 59,160 39,356 8,942
Franghiadi & Rodoeanachi 54,147 £6,485 17,827
Miller Le Cocq & Co-• • • 51,039 54,826 59,806
F. Le Breton &Co ■■ 50,768 91,316 130,123
New Hampshire.—The state of parties in
the Legislature, just elected, will, according to
the Concord Patriot, be as follows: Democrats
137; whigs aad free-soilers 130; Atwood
democrats 13. The balance of po^er —which
means generally the ability to prevent rather
than to promote legislation—will thus be in
the hands ®f what are called the Atwood demo
crats
Bread Exports of the United States.
—From Sept. 1, 1650, to Feb. 25, 1851, they
were 781,691, barrels of flour, 790,473 bush
els of wheat, and 378,873 bushels of corn,
against 255,059 barrels of flour, 430,329, bush
els of wheat, and 1,385,179 bushels es corn,
mthe correspond mg period of last year.