Newspaper Page Text
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From the If. Y. Commercial Adctrtiser.
European InteUgence—Further by the
Europe Africa.
The Canard steamer Africa. Capt. Kyrie,
arrived at her dock thia morning, about 7
o’clock. Capt. R. left Liverpool on Saturday,
March 29th. and haa therefore made a very
quick passage of about eleven and a halfdays.
The United States mail steamer Washing
ton- Capt. Floyd, left Southampton on the af
ternoon of March 26th. She had seventy
eight passengers, one hundred tons of freight
from Bremen and about fifty tons from
France. She has also about two hundred
and forty thousand dollars in doubloons, from
Havr
The American ship Parliament arrived at
Liverpool on the 24th of March, seventeen
days from Boston.
The steamer Europa, from Boston March
12th, arrived at Liverpool March 23d, eleven
days passage.
The new American clipper ship Typhoon,
(of New York, built at Portsmouth, first trip,
bound to Canton,) arrived at Liverpool on
the 25th, from Portsmouth. New Hao>p» '' rL >
in the remarkably short time of thirteen an
evening, March 28, Lord Lyndhurst com
plained of the proceedings o i . -
Ledrli Rollin, Klapka. and other refugees,
who were intriguing against Austria and other
foreign states, and suggested the propriety of
re enacting the alien act.
Earl Grey said that the subject had attracted
the anxious attention of the Foreign and
Home Secretaries, but he thought that nothing
short of danger to the internal peace of the
country eould justify the re-euactment of the
alien ast.
In reply to the Earl of Aberdeen, Earl Gray
said that the Government disapproved of the
proceedings of the refugees.
In the House of Commons on the same eve*
ning a committee of inquiry was appointed
with reference to steam communication be
tween England, China and Australia.
Leave was given. to Lord John Russell to
introduce a bill for “ the better administration
of justice in the Court of Chancery ” It
creates a Supreme Court in Chancery, in
which shall sit the Lord Chancellor, the Master
of the Rolls and one of the judges of the law
courts. Either two of them nay hear causes.
The bill fixes the Lord Chancellor's salary a*
£IO,OOO per annum ; the retiring allowance
remaining what it now is, £SOOO.
The ecclesiastical titles bill was read a sec
ond time in the Commons, on the evening of
March 25, by a vote of 436 to 95.
After the 3d of April to the 10th, no packages
were to be received in the Crystal Palace ; nor
any goods except such as could be carried ii>
by hand. From the 10th to the 20th fees for
admission would be charged upon articles,
commencing at ten shillings for every article
weighing under 28 lbs., and advancing in pro
portion to the weight. A I goods are to be
finally arranged by the 21st of April in the
manner in which they are to be exhibited.
Strenuous efforts are being mane to remove
the Cunard steamers from Liverpool, and a
deputation left that city, on the 28th iuat, for
London to have an interview with the Govern
ment on the subject. The attempt, it is
thought, will prove utterly futile.
An addition to the royal family is expected
in the eonrse of the month of May.
Dr. Wiseman, in his Thursday evening ad
dress, at Spanish-place. Manchester-sqiiare.
asserted that the nails, crown of thorns, and
other material relics of the Passion, now
possessed by his Church, are the undoubted
originals, and are worthy of the veneration of
the faithful. He had the coolness to say that
these who committed the “ brutaii'y ” of
doubting it had never troubled themselves to
inquire into the matter!
A lew days ago, a horse belonging to Mr.
Wm. Ridsdale, farmer, of Rowley, near
Wetherby, suddenly became i.l and died.
After death a living snake, 18 inches long, was
taken from the animal’s stomach.— Luis In-
Ulliginur.
Two highly respectable and well educated
members of the Roman Catholic Church,
renounced the errors of Popery, al Holy
Trinity Church, Amblecote, Worcestershire,
a few days since.
Sixty of the Polish and Hungarian refugees
landed at Liverpool, from Constantinople,
have embarked for America. The rest are in
a wretched plight at Liverpool.
TAs French Republic.—The Moniteur of
Thursday, March 27, publishes a list of diplo
matic appointments, among which are M. de
Rayneval as Ambassador at Rome, and M.
David as Consul General at New Granada.
M. de Levalette was on the eve of proceeding
to the Sublime Porte in his ambassadorial
character. He would first visit Rome in
order to come to an understanding with the
Pope on the subject of the Christians in the
East.
The Duke of Sotomayor, the Spanish
Minister at Paris, at an interview with the
President, presented hie letters of recall.
The commit ee on the bill relative to the in
t. inal administration of the country, after an
agitated discussion in which M. Michel (de
Bourges.) M.de Broglie, M E. Arago, M O.
Barrot, M. de Sarcy. M. Vatimesril, and oth
er represenatives took part, decid.-d mat the
organic bill on municipal administration, in
stead of taking the electoral qualification of
the law of the 31et of May, 1850, should be
bassed on universal suffrage.
Italy— The recent drawings for the con
scription have been made the opportunity for
manifestations in diifereat parts of the country.
At Chablis, Fleury, Chasey, St. Maurice. Lar
oche, and other communes tumultuous scenes
have taken place. Al Chablis the young con.
scripts paraded the town with a flag, as is
usual on such occasions, but in this case it was
surmounted by revolutionary emblems. The
Lieutenant of Gendarmerie, on being inform
ed of the fact, took the Uag from them. They
made no resistance, and some of them even
went to the Prefecture, and expressed th ir
regret at what they had done, a<ying that they
had been led astray by some SIA-i.ii., -gi-nsm,
At Fleury a charavari &agol up in the streets
but it was soon put an end to, and three of the
ringleaders were arrested. At St. Sauveur
some Socialists, under pretext of replacing the
trees of liberty by otiiers of a mure vigorous
growth, assembled and had the rappel beaten to
convoke the national guard, in spite of the
remonstrances of the Mayor. They then
procured trees from the neighboring wood,
which they planted in the public square, orna
meeting them with Socialists emblems. The
gendarmes, however, soon mustered in some
force, and notwithstanding the outcries of the
rioters, the trees were speedily removed and
several arrests made.
Similar attempts at disorder took place at
Ledignan (Gard) on the 19th, and so serious
did matters become at one lime that a rem
foreoment of two companies of soldiers had to
be procured. As soon as the troops aud gend
armes approached, the rioters, who had pre
vionsly rescued some prisoners, tied in all di
rections. The prefect ordered the arms of
the National Guard to be given up within
two horns. The order was punctually obey
ed, and tranquility restored.
Tho manifestation of the students in favor
of Professor Mitchelet has led to the arrest of
a considerable number of the ringleaders in
the affair. The procession, which would
insist upon proceeding to the Assembly, was
three times put to Hight by the Police before
it ultimately dispersed. Between forty and fittj
of tbe most turbulent were arrested and car
ried to the Prefecture of Police.
The prospects of Gent ral Cavaignac’s elec
tion to the Presidency of tho Republic are
not promising. Tho candidates most favor
ably spoken of among the Socialist Democrats
are Barbes and Lodru-Rolliu.
The Ministerial papers impress upon the
country the urgent necessity of prolonging
Louis Napcleou's term of otlice, as the only
chance of preserving order. Rumors of new
Minis enal combinations are again current.
It is supposed that the present Cabinet will
remain in office tili the end of April or begin
ning of May.
The Kruden Con/emces—Advice* from
Dresden, of the 20tn instant, give no hopes
of a speedy settlement oftlie German question
with respect to hie differences between Aus
tria and Prussia. Nevertheless, it is stated that
the committee continue their sittings aud their
labors, and that the fourth committee in par
ticular is on the point of completing its report
on the organization and competency of the
Federal Court of Arbitration. A plenary sil
ling was expected to take place in tho course
of the week.
Prussia —A note has been received from
Vienna, containing a reply to the Prue- i,
memorial of the 9th inst. In this note me
Austrian Cabinet expresses its good will and
its perfect readiness to co-operate with Prus
sia for the creation of a permanent Central
Government. Nevertheless. Austria persists
in demanding tbe Presidency. The Ministe
rial organs protest that the Prussian Cabinet
is resolved to tack the annexation quettion to
the question of the Presidency. If Austria
insists on the Presidency, Prussia Will oppose
the annexation.
In tbe Berlin correspondence of the 21st
instant, it is stated that Prussia will concede
the question of the Presidency. A meeting
between the Premiers of Austria ami Prussia
is again mentioned.
On the 224 instant Baron Manteuffel had an
interview with the Ministers of Great Britain
and Russia. He was afterwards admitted to
the audience of the King.
.lautr-M —The anniversary of tho revolution
(the 13 h of March) passe l off without any
tuauuestauon of political ieeiiug. in the
morning the Emperor reviewed the garrison
of Vienna.
The German question is considered to de
lay tbe financial arraug.-meuts which are said
to be absolutely necessary for the Austrian
Empire.
The Emperor has left the capital on a trip to
Trieste.
Tbe Ministerial papers announce that ar
rangemenu have beeu made with Prussia on
the question of the Presidency. Austria will
preside in the Diet, and the two Powers will
share the Presidency of the Executive Com
mittee.
rernmn'm R°“.-'««« that the insur-
rnd V ‘’’preadmg with iearlnl ra-
piuiiv.
d Afiaires. Mr. M Curdv Americau 1 '
two attaches, arrived here' a b - ¥
and has been very favorably “*’**• j
Schwarzenburg. The affair of M r i, T ee i
Maun a, pears to have been satisfacton v* -V -
plained, but 1 believe Mr. Mann was ready j,
(patched to Hungary, mat in case she should
aseer: her independence. America
be tbe first to acknowledge it. He han
not, however, any authority to assist di
rectly or indirectly in the struggle. It is
fortunate, moreover, that he did not take anv
s.eps in the matter, or even proceed to Hun'
might .lave met
wuhan unpleasant reception. H;« lu.p- ri,
Higuue*. the Archduke f
leave Vienna tin. *fte ttu)on f *
so I suppose we may consider that
and the I mud Siam. shUnig
Oanasriaud—A Jesuit aised rebe ioi- .
nbourg has signally tailed The i-uci,..' .
pusams. excited by _ttm fcaattcal denumaa' '
tons of the Priests against the anti Papal and
liberal Government of the Canton, made an
irruption into the town of Fribourg at eight
o’clock on the morning ot the 22d, and suc
ceeded ingaining possession of some pieces ol
cannon, which were in the old establishments
of the Jesuits. The Government ,:su ’ ed .
tocsin to be rung, and the generale to be ® '
en. The militia, faithful to their '
bled in the principal streets, attache
ants, who had posted'£ lth Xa
part of the town, and deteaie
l. i the peasants na<i oeen
of eight men killed.
told bv their priests that they were to >e sip
ported by a body 0f2,000 men, who. however,
never , " ad ® h d ‘'^j n ', t e 9 correspondent in a letter
from tmtl.ed March 14, has the follow
ing •
“The Pope and Cardinals have fallen into
the depth of despair since the French steam
er of yesteruay distribute 1 the fatal news of
the restoration of the Russel! Cabinet. I am
told that the Post fell like a thunderbolt on die
Vatican, and that, for a long time, the Holy
Father and the Camarilla refused to credit the
bad news. It was only when their own des
patches arrived that they admired the melan
choly truth, and now, unable to make head
against it, they look to the Irish members, to
free trade, to anything and everything, as a
means of again throwing the country into
confusion, and expelling the Whig Cabinet.
Cardinal Wiseman and his advisers, who had
lately regained the position they had lost on
the majority in favor of bringing in the bill
being made known here, have again fallen into
disrepute, and the Vatican is more irritated
than ever at their indiscretion ; even the Su
preme Pontiff feels that the Archbishop of
Westminster had miscalculated the force ot
his adversaries, and his Grace, who was looked
upon as inspired, because all his letters assert
ed that the Ministry was struck to the ground,
is now regarded as a feeble mau misled by his
own vanity, and who knew not hew to esti
mate the weight or extent of public opinion
at home. ’
Greece.— The Kolner Zeitung states, from
Berlin, that the question of the Grecian suc
cession has a* length been decided. After the
demise of the Grecian King the throne will
fall to Prince Adalbert of Bavaria. The Gov
ernment treaty with the Austrian Lloyd’s has
been ratified by the Diet. The city ot Levis
si, in the island of Rhodes, has been destroyed
by an esrthquake,
Australia — Advices from Me bourne (Port
Philip) to November 19 represent the affairs of
the colony as exceedingly prosperous.
Cape of Good Hope—The Kafir War.— One
day later advices had been received from the
Cape. They supply little additional infor
mation, although containing rather more
minute details of what was already known of
the general aspect of the war. The Graham’s
Town Journal of January 28, has the follow
ing, from which we infer that the defection of
the natives is not so general or formidable as
was at first supposed.
An express arrived this morning, bringing
despatches from hj Excellency the Governor,
containing the subjoined general order.’
From a communication received by the same
opportunity we learn that not merely were
the enemy repulsed in the fight described, but
that they sustained a loss of 24 men killed on
the field, among whom were two petty chiefs
and several head men, and many wounded.
The strongest hopes are entertained of the
fidelity of the Amagaleka chief Kreli. At
the date before us. namely, the 25th of Janu
ary, 25 head of cattle had just come in from
the meat contractor’s agent at Butterworth—a
very significant token of quiet in that direction.
These cattle had been brought in by a relative
of Tzatzoe’s employed lor that purpose. He
says, that on the 22d inst. Kreli was at Butter
worth, and called a meeting of all his great
men—every one being present save old Bokoo,
who sent his sou. Ail were for peace, Kreli
tilling all the traders to go back to the several
stations, which they did. He reports every
thing quiet both in Kreli’s and U lambies conn •
try, that at night he drove his cattle info the
kraals of the Umhalas people, who gave him
milk and treated him kindly.
The same man was to start the next day on
bis return for more cattle. There can be no
reason whatever to doubt the perfect accuracy
of f his statement, inasmuch as, had the conn
try been hostile, it is clear these cattle could
not have been driven through. It is added
that Sewani says the Kaffirs declare the Fin
goes are devils. It seems that the Kaffir
prophet Umlunjeni denounced them, dooming
them to destruction. The F.ngoes know this,
and their blood is completely up.
“Head Quarters, King William’s Town. ?
Jan. 24 $
“The commander-in-chiif desires to ex
press his satisfaction at the conduct of 120
soldiers of the gallant Cape mounted rifle
men, under that distinguished officer, Major
Armstrong, and 150 intrepid Fingoes under
Mr. Tainton. who were sent out this day from
King William’s Town, to drive off’ a paity of
bullying Kaffirs. Scarcely were they well
away from the town when they were surroun
ded by upward of 600 of Seyolo’s and Anta’s
Kaffirs.
Major Armstrong was able to report his
position, when 100 men of the Cape mounted
rifles, one Nix-pounder gun of the Royal
Artillery, the 73d Regiment, and two battalions
of the levy, the one having marched in yes
tsrday, the other being in the act of marching
into town, were sent off’ under Col. Mackin
nonto support Major Armstrong, as it was
believed that a sail larger number of the rebels
were near.
This support was unnecessary, however
rapidly rendered; for the Cape mounted
rifle* and Fingoea tiad already given the ene
my a glorious defeat, notwithstanding the dis
parity of number, many having been killed,
with a loss on our side of one trooper wound
ed, and of uu« I'uigu killed in the act of ASSIS
ling the wounded trooper.
•• The two battalions of the Plow Levy went
into the field with a leal and energy clearly
demonatrarive of the good work *4*l*
amr wnnng to perform.
(Signed) A J Clokte,
Deputy Quarter Master General/’
India and China.— The overland mail brought
little news of importance.
The Dutch sen and land forces had, after
much difficulty, entirely routed the pirates of
the Indian archipelago, who hid taken flight
across the country, leaving their prahus,
ammunition, goods, slaves, and many pirates,
behind them.
Miscellaneous.— General Dembiuski had ar
rived at Constantinople, says a letter dated
there on the 6th of March, and was wailing
the Emperor of Austria's amnesty, with the in
tention of then embarking for Paris.
The Austrian troops in the Papal Stales are
-aid to have received consiJeruble reinforce
ments.
The city of Levissi in the inland of Rhodes,
has been destroyed by an earthquake.
Advices from Bessarabia state that 70,000
Russian troops have entered that province.
The Austrian troops, in the Papal states,
have received considerable reinforcements.
Advices from Agramstate that the insurrec
tion in Bosnia is spreading with fearful rapidi-
A terrific hurricane was felt at Lyons on the
22ud, which has caused great damage.
The Russian Guv» rnnient has derided that
the thousandth anniversary of the Russian
empire, which, according to ihe Russian his
torians, dates from the year 852 shall be cele
brated next year with the greatest pomp in al l
the cities and large towns of the European and
Asiatic provinces of Russia.
A lady residing at Strabane has sent to the
Exhibition a knitted linen lac? scarf, containing
12$ miles of thread, and 3,475,000 stitches.
Il is 9 feet 10 inches in length, and 3 feet wide,
and it is only 5} ounces in weight.
Mr. James Armitage died on the 13th of
March, at Cioghjordan, aged 109 years. For
89 years he was in fellowship with the Baptist
Church oi Cioghjordan. To the last moment
his intellect was clear aud unimpaired.
Correspondence of the Commercial Advertiser.
London', March 28, 1851.
Ihr I’iii'ul Papal aggres
sion has passed the zenith, and the bill render
ing penal the assumption of territorial titles by
Romanist priests has been carried on its se
cond reading by a majority of 343—the num
bers has mg been 438 against 95.
This immense majority has caused bitterness
ami consternation among ah lhe suppurlersuf
the Pope. It was never doubted by anv one
that tnu measure would be adopted, but ns
.-p ponente had persuaded lhemselve u tha» they
v mid ba able to reduce the vote to a much
ivwer number. Tue disappointment of the
Irish members, at tbe result has been increas
ed by the fact that, previously to the division,
they had been allowed to tain as much as they
liked. During the grea'er period of the entire
debate they rose one after another, and were
listened to without interruption. There was
no power of complaining, therelore, that a de
cision had been come to in the hurry of intem
perance and without the opportunity having
been ass orded them of exhausting their rhetoric.
They had, however, considerably damaged
their cause by their open avowal that the doc
trine ot the end justifying the means would be
the rule of their conduct, and that if the Minis
ter dared to press the measure they would
vote against him in a body upon all other ques
tions, whatever might be their opinions ot the
abstract right or wrong of wnat he might pro
pose. Since this notification the party nave
been My led “the honorable members for
Rome.’*
Another cause ot we< keued resistance was
found hi some remarkable revelations of the
peculiar energy with which the Roman Cath
olic priesthood are pursuing their designs in
private homes. A few weeks sincu an action
was commenced in one of tho law courts bv
lhe relatives of & Frenchman, who die J in
London, bequeathing the savings of his life—
about —lo the advancement of Poperv.
and who. it was alleged, bad made his will in
his last moments under the threats and misrep
resentations of two priests. While the scan
dal consequent upon the evidence in this case
was yet fresh, another and far less doubtful
affair was glaringly exposed A Miss Talbot,an
orphan and a ward in Chancery, with a for
tune of £BO.OOO. was found to Lave been
placed iu a nunnery by Roman Catholic rela
tives (tbe earl and countess of Shrewsbury,)
under circumstances which bear ali the ap
pearance of a long and deliberate plot io in
dace her upon coming of age to take trie veil,
aud transfer her property to me purposes of
tbe church. An inquiry instituted before the
Lord Chances .or not only interrupted lhe
scheme, but led to an exposuie of deliberate
falsehood ou the part of one of the new Cath
<mc prelates, (Dr. Hendren. ‘ Bishop’’ of
vhiion.) which Rad extraordinary effect m
f —n he ?l ug the haudg of Lord Jobu Bareli,
nr n ” et *drt u had incautiously rushed into
* Xfl •? lne tt, M lis
Utx .n ‘?t US lhin « B h4d
L iixiic#.‘er tiafl Mffiohaed h„ B
here. Sub» t qa,. ol e?-.ieo V :r -u M~ F
•..»l and the Lord Chancellor, re-pre-v.iv
tia.e .tamped both the-e as.eruo n . as u '.,
• utrue. ano Bishop Hendren, w o os., , e V
■ u.i» figured for aome da»s a. an indiiuant
-rner m the newspaper,, t.as . iOce been'puts-
UCIJ denounced in the Ulna; simple tarma *p
plicable to his case, and has not ventured to’
utter another word. Apart from their direct
untruths also, (he whole of his attempted rep
resentations had shown the affair to be a very
bad one. Miss Talbot is nineteen years of
age, and is forthwith, to be removed from her
present guardians.
The list of the 95 members who voted against
the Ministerial bill contains no names of any
particular note in addition to those of tho Irish
and Puyseite members, except those of Mes
srs. John Bright and Joseph Hume. Mr.
Cobden was against it. but he paired off with
a member on the Ministerial side, and there
fore escaped voting. Mr. Frederick Peel, the
second son of the late Sir Robert, likewise
was in the list, but Sir Robert, his elder broth
er, warmly supported and voted for the meas
uro.
The bill has now to be discussed in commit
tee and it is thought not unliko’y that the two
clauses, orignally proposed by Lord John, for
feiting all bequests made to persons assuming
the prohibited titles, will ultimately be restored
in order to make it stronger ; while on the
other hand a clause may be introduced exemp
ting Ireland. Probably Lord John would not be
sorry to have both these alterations forced upon
him.
Accounts have been received of the effects
produced at Rome by the intelligence of the
return of Lord John Russell to power. The
mortification it created appears to have been
such that for along time the Pope and Cardi
nals refused to believe it. It will be interest
ing to learn the way in which the now blow
caused by the passing of the Ministerial bill
will be met.
Foreign Affairs. — The continent remains
stagnant, and with the exception of fitful ex
pressions of disquiet and apprehension, enter
tained by the ruling powers throughout Eu
rope, at the movements of Mazzini, there is
scarcely any political matter to remark upon.
In the House of Lords last night two of the
Tory peers, Lord Lyndhurst and the Earl of
Aberdeen, made an effort to procure a revival
of the alien act to suppress the revolutionary
clubs which are known to exist in the metropo
lis, and with which Mazzini, Ledru Rollin,
Gen. Klapka and others are connected. Earl
Grey, however, intimated that the Government
would not take any such step, although they
condemned the parties in question for abusing
the hospitality shown them, by making the
country the focus of their plans, and would
discountenance them as far as possible.
Austria has decided to establish a military
cordon between her Italian dependencies and
Sardinia, where the presence of 20,000 refu
gees inspires her with constant dread. At the
same time she professes to treat Sardinia with
frankness and to desire a good understanding
—the secret of this amiability being that Sar
dinia is discreetly governed, so as to give Aus
tria no pretext for offence, while it is likewise
thoroughly understood that her independence
is watched with interest by the English Go
vernment, and that France also is bound to
protect the integrity of her territory.
A secret of the recent Dresden conferences
appears to have transpired, to the effect that
Austria, with the complicity of Prussia, had
actually promoted an agreement that the sup
pression of the constitutions of the various
smaller states should form au indispensable
part of their plan for a federal union.
Amongst the most recent indications of the
state of affairs in Prussia, it appears that the
representation of the two plays, Masaaniello
and William Tell, have been prohibited at the
Berlin Theatres.
'lke Great Exposition.— lt is still asserted
that incred hie efforts will be necessary to gel
the internal arrangements of the building com
pleted by the first of May The opening,
however, will (hen certainly take place Du
ring the last fortnight there has incessant
rain, and it appears that some labor will yet be
requisite to make lhe roof water-tight. Re
ports have been spread ot some parts of the
building being completely inundated, but thebe
are entire fabrications. Drops are observed
to penetrate at occasional points, and owing to
the costly nature of the goods to be exhibited,
it is felt that even this inconvenience must be
carefully obviated.
The representatives of the American exhibi
tors appear ’o nave raised objections to some
of lhe arrangements, and they called a meet
ing of their countrymen the night before last.
This having been done by advertisement, re
porters attended; but they were informed that
lhe meeting was intended to be private, and
that no report would be allowed to go forth,
unless previously submitted for revision. The
reporters for the London press, however, ne
ver enter into any conditions, and accordingly
they left the room.
Flax Cotton.— The use of flax cotton, man
ufactured according to the process of Cheva
lier Claussen, is now in progress upon an ex
tensive scale, at Bradford, in Yorkshire, and at
Cork, in Ireland, large rnill-o vners at those
places having entered into contracts. The
principle cf the invention, by which flax is
adapted for spinning upon cotton, wool and
silk machinery, consists in the destruction of
the cylindrical character of the fibre by the ex
pansive power of carbonic acid gas. The
first process, however, is the removal of the
resinous matter peculiar to the plant. This is
effected by holding it for three hours in water,
containing one half per cent, of common soda,
after which ilia dipped in water slightly acidu
lated with sulphuric acid. The flax is then
thoroughly saturated in a solution of bi car
bonate of soda, and being subsequently im
mersed in a solution of diluted sulphuric acid,
a liberation of gas takes place, which causes
the tubes of which the plant is composed to
split, when the material, instantly losing its
rigidity, becomes a light, expansive mass of
cottony texture, “increasing in size like leaven
ing dough or au expanding sponge.” Lastly,
lor the purpose of being bleached, it is plung
ed into hypochlorite of inagneuia. whuu it
luatautly becomes white. A very general opin
ion prevails that lhe invention will lead to ra
pid aud extraordinary results. Sixty tons of
the cotton are now being prepared for the
k Maueb estox XUa r luU.
lhe Great Fair.— The leaking of the Chry
stal says another correspondent, is now
tho serious evil in the way of unpacking the
goods, and commencing the preparation for
their display, '(’he custom house inspection is
nearly completed, the packages have all arriv
ed, the various divisions are stored with boxes
of every shape, size and color, the plan of
decorating lhe walls, covering the counters,
hanging lhe avenuesand upholstering the deep
recesses, is agreed upon and in part commenc
ed; the style in which national arms are to be
emblazoned and national flags draped or un
furled is fixed, and nothing remains—and in
fact nothing ought to remain—-to bo dono, for
between now and the first of May but few
weeks are to come, but to give to the most glo
rious structure the world ver saw a water
tight roof. Will it be done? We shall see.
Seven immense organs are being ouilt with
in the palace, each one on a line with all the
others, forming prominent objects of note in
tho great central avenue. In this avenue also
is much gigantic statuary. Here too, opposite
the division allotted to each nation, is to be
built a pile of its chief products, such as will
furnish an exponent of what these products
are On one side of this avenue are the raw
material and the manufactures of each country
from end to end of the building ; on the oilier
side, in like continuity, machinery and the fine
arts. In this way lhe juries of awards will
have in one continuous line before them the
class of articlesit is their province to inspect.
In this way too, the curious observer, in a sin
gle day, may note with ease the exact progress
almost every nation 111 the civilized world has
made in similar arts.
Apropos to custom house officers. I intend
ed to remark above, that while our agents here
have been treated with every civility, they have
been greatly dis ippointed by the expense anti
the severity of the examination of our goods.
So far from the goods being admitted to their
counters without cost, ihe expenses of forward
ing, of trausporiatiou of labor, of bonding,
and of inspection, have been very great
five shiiliuge sterling being charged for the
latter item alone upon each package. Many
of our more beaulilulgoods aregreaily injured.
An exquisite model of the N. York Exchange,
which was greatly admired before it was pack
ed, was broken to fragments on the passage.
Some articles were injudiciously sent, as 1
think. As samples of binding, Moore’s and
Byron’s woiks were sent, ancles absolutely
contraband,since, in the language here, the edi
tions were pirated. Although, at first posi
lively refused *0 pass, yet upon the ground tha
j tnt y - - ssui as sample' of windin'-
1 >u WIU2 the cheerful absent ot Mr J< bn Mur
ray, they were admitted. This, it must be al
lowed, was generous.
It has been feared by Americans here that
the articles contributed by our citizens would
not do us justice its a nation. One cannot yet
tell what the comparative merit of our country
will be. side by side, in this strife ot the peace
lul arts, witn the old nations of the earth. But
I feel sure that we shall not fad far behind, in
many specimens of what will come under lhe
head ot “raw mater a I.” I have seen abundant
evidence to-day that our »how will be r.ch
Ures; timber as samples of our woods; grains,
in the kernel ami ground into tbe whitest an I
finest flour ; Indian corn upon the ear, and in
its various forms of samp, hominy and meal: ;
coal, iron, copper, cotton, such as the great
markets never received; rice, in the ear, the
kernel and flour ; tobacco, from the unpreased
leaf to t.id most aromatic cigar; and many
other tilings, which, occupying this classifica
tion have been opened aud examined to-dav,
greatly to eur satisfaction. In machinery wu
shall not make a large display. Still, even
here, we have much that is beautiful, and some
that is not only new and ingenious, but (and 1
speak of one in particular from New York)
upon which I should be willing to risk our re
putation at the exhibition.
Oar agricultural implements excite great
attention, lu plows, harrows, drills, reapers,
threshers and the like, we are in advance of
whatever I have seen here yet from the con
tinent. or from England. We have 011 exibi
tion also many very beautiful and useful finr
licul.ural implements, which are new here.
The La wrence Mills have sent sheetings which
will hardly be {outdone by Manchester, and
tweeds, coach lace, ginghams, prints audcassi
meres have been placed upon our counters
In nothing, however, do we excite so great
surprise as in our India rubber goods. This
is a thing almost unknown iu England, the
convertibility of india-rubber into almost
every conceivable thing on earth ! *• Good
Heavens what is this, and this, and this/ * —
were exclamations I eeard. as case after
case ot the almost infinite variety, was opened,
hi daguerreotypes, throughout the whole ar?,
we are tar ahead. It bis been wise to send
ttuis tne likenesses of our good and great men
Mv friend Governor Briggs h’s had a crowd
all day around his perfect ar.d admirable like
ness. Twelve hundred daguerreo:_> pea. hand
some’y framed and huug judiciously, will not
be .he least attractive part of our exhibition,
aud 1 am toid tna: there are arriving that num
ber of ludiv dual portraits. N. S. D.
rhe Hon. John Macpherson Berrien arrived
here by the Charleston boat on Saturday
t. uaviug been Jeuuued several weeks in
W ashing uu. 1; gives us pleasure to add,
that he is apparently m the enjoyment of his
usual good
nPIII? V i!
1 Uli W 1
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL *
BY WILLIAM S. JONEF.
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AUGUSTA, GA.:
WEDNESDAY MORNING,.. APRIL* 16.
53-The Citizens of Richmond county
who approve of tho action of the late Convention in
Georgia, and desire to be represented in the Conven
tion of the Constitutional Union Party at Milledge
ville in June next, for tho purpose of nominating a
Candidate for Governor, are requested to meet at
the City Hall, in Augusta, on SATURDAY, the
3d day of May next at 3 o’clock, P. M., to appoint
delegates.
Xs* Notice.— The Constitutional Union Party of
Morgan county, will meet at the Goubt House at
10 o’clock on the first TUESDAY in May next, for
tho purpose of nominating Delegates to the Guber
natorial Convention to be held at Milledgeville in
the month of June. ap9
s^ Union Meeting in Burke. --The Union
Party of Burke County, are requested to meet in
Waynesboro, on TUESDAY, 20th of MAY, (Supe
rior Ccurt Week) to appoint Delegates to the June
Convention, to nominate a Union Candidate for Go
vernor. ap6 Union.
JjpThe Constitutional Union Party of
Walton County, w.ll meet at the Court House in
Monroe, on the first Tuesday in May next, to appoint
delegates to the Convention to meet in June next, to
nominate a candidate for Governor. apl2
Tile Constitutional Union Men of El
bert are requested to meet at the Court House on
the First Tuesday in MAY, to send Delegates to
! nominate a Candidate for Governor. apls
i SEND US A SUBSCRIBER!
> Reader, as heretofore announced, we contem
! plate making decided improvements in the
Chronicle & Sentinel, some of which are
, already settled upon. To do this we must in
cur heavy additional responsibilities, and we
, ask you, each and every one of you, to send us
ONE NEW SUBSCRIBER I
t It is promoting your own interest to do so
* for as our means increase, we shall apply them
, to the improvement of our paper, and if each
i of you will send us only one new subscriber,
and many of you can send ten or twenty, it
' will enable us to make a journal of which
> every true Georgian shall be justly proud.
J How many of you will send us ONE NEW
1 subscriber?
1 TO POSTMASTERS.
In ordering a paper changed from one post
office to another, you should always bepar
-1 licular to designate to what post office the
_ paper has been previously sent.
} And in returning papers to the publishers,
) you should never fail to mark the name of tha
1 post office from which they are returned.
The observance of these two things on the
} part of postmasters, will save publishers much
trouble in looking over long lists of names to
find the right one,
5 Will our subscribers show this para-
graph to their postmasters, and ask them to re.
collect it.
TRAVELLING AGENTS.
Mr. J. D. Wells and Mr. A. P. Burr, will act
as Travelling Agents for the Chronicle & Senti
nel and Southern Cultivator. Any assistance
bat cur friends in the various counties may furnish
hese gentlemen, toward increasing our circulation,
will be thankfully received.
City Flection.
The Election for charier officers yesterday,
was quite animated, throughout, and resulted
as follows:
For. Mayor.
Miller, Bishop. Cavener.
WrdNo. 1 154 81 17
Ward No. 2 130 95 3
Ward No. 3. •• • 138 35
Ward No. 4. 221 28
643 239 20
For Members of Council.
FIRST WARD.
Poster, 135
Rob.rtson, 139
McCafferty' 132
Garvin, 130
Crump, 124
Meyer, 106
SECOND WARD.
Bell, 119
Phinizy, 129
AfaAarrey, 134
Crocket, ••• 107
Simpson, 99
Tutt, 102
THIRD WARD.
Con/ey,*«»«* 129
Mastin, • 28
Fannin, 100
FOURTH WARD.
Harper' •... 152
/faring, •• • 140
Hart' 146
Robinson, 131
Glen iinuing, 91
Gardner, 99
£? \Voteon the question of Electing Officers.
By the People. By Council,
Ward No. 1, 139 88
Ward No. 2, 172 32
Ward No. 3, 108 40
Ward No. 4. 145 8 !
564 242
Those in italic are elected.
The Foreign News—The World’s Fair.
The failure of the Southern mail yesterday
morning beyond Atlanta, and the Northern
mail in the evening, beyond Charleston, af
fords us the opportunity, of which wo gladly
avail ourselves, to make copious extracts from
the Into foreign news, prominent amoitg
which, is the very interesting correspondence
of the New York Commercial Advertiser.
To those of our friends who contemplate visit
ing the World’s Fair, which opens abo ui the
first of May and is expected to co ntinue
through several months, the letters o t one of
those correspondents will be very »Q dructive
and full of interest; especially to all those
who are visiting London for the fizi t time, as
it will afford much valuable, and v ery desir
able information.
Elegant Buggy.
Thosk of our citizens who tak» j any pleas
ure in looking at a splendid Buggy, equal in
finish and all its appointments t o the finest
Northern made article, should cal) at the shop
of J. Hurlbut, and see one w hich ho has
just turned out, manufactured in Augusta.
It is a source of sincere p'.ei isure to us to
observe that the manufactu.ri of Carriages
and Buggies at the South is increasing, and
we sincerely trust the day is not far distant,
when we shall be able to s npply the demand
from our home shops. O xr Mechanics have
the enterprise and skill, ar .d if pa'ronised, they
will not be wanting in lhe jr efforts to build up
the South, and supply superb articles.
The Moulti ie House.
Bv referei.ee to the advertisement of the
Proprietor, it will base en tha: this elegant and
fashionable estabhshtne nt, on Sullivan’s Island,
near Charleston, will be opened for the recep
tion of visitors on the first of May. The style
in which the House is kept is said to be unsur
passed by any in the 17 nion, and to Southern
ers who would enjoy the luxury of sea bathing
and air. it affords a resort more congenial than
auy in lhe Middle or Northern States.
Larce Hail.
We were visited on Monday about two
o’clock, P. M., with a fall of Hail, which lasted
for some minutes; though fight and small in I
thecity.it was quite heavy and large a lew
miles below. As an evidence of the size of
the stones, Geo. W. L. Twiggs, who resides
ten miles below the city, brought to our of
ficeyesterday a gallon or more, which he had
collected and preserved, the largest of which,
measured 3A inches in circumference, twenty
hours after it had fallen.
The State Road.
“Until this season.” says uie Knoxville
(Tenn.) Register, “ merchants residit t g in
Southwestern Virginia, and the exireiu e up
per portion of East Tennessee, for tiro or
three years past, have been receiving their
goods through Georgia ; now. however . they
are having them hauled in wagon, from
Lynchburg. This return on their part to the
old sluggish route is aitributatle exciusi veiv to
the gross mismanagement of lhe Georgi a State
Road. Hew much the State of Georgia has
lost by her agents lopping off this so, ,rce of
revenue to her Road, we know not.”
A fact like tin. needs no comment, —it speaks
volumes as to tbe miserable manager tent of
the State Road, a management which ie driving
the legitimate business of the Read ial o other
channels ol transportation Imagine , for a
moment, wnat must be the condition of things
when a merchant prefers to waggon his goods
from the hear: of Virginia to East Te nnessee.
rather than send them over the Stab? Road.
Can such facts leave any doubt in the mind of
any intelligent man as to the man ner in which
the business of the Road is sondi teted ! Does I
any reflecting man questtva ths tit would be '
infinitely better for tho State to pay Un or even
twenty thousand dollars to a competent man to
manage the Road, than to let it remain under f
the present management for nothing ? r
j
The Boston Fugitive Case.
It will be seen by reference to our Tele- (
graphic head, that Sims, tho Fugitive slave ,
from Savannah, has been delivered up to
the agent of his owner by the authori
ties in Boston, and that he is now on his way 1
to Savannah. This is certainly an unkind j
cut on the part of the Abolitionists and dis
unionist, of Boston, to their disunion allies in
the South, and one for which they will not
readily forgive them, thus to permit a Fugitive
Slave to be delivered up » n Boston. The
disunionists at the South rejoiced at tho arrest
in Boston of another Fugitive Slave—it was
to them a sweet morsel, because they hoped it
would prove another Crafts’ case, out of
which they might make capital. What a dis
appointment They feel that the faithful exe
cution of the law in New England dooms
them—-they see tho hand, writing on the wall,
and they will heap deep and bitter curses on
lhe Abolitionists for permitting it.
Importance of Sunday Schools.
are of incalculable benifit to a
and tn the community al large, lhe p?ace and
prosperity ot the community depend upon the pre
valence of moral and religious influence. Know
ledge and piety are the great conservative princi
ples of a nation, and to the want of these may be
traced all the immoralities, distractions and tumults
in tlie world. If a nation would give stability to
her empire, she must ever maintain lhe sanctions
of religion. Such was the opinion of the sagacious
Napoleon; having obtainedlhe sovereignty ot infi
del Fiance, he declared “the sanctions of religion
must be restored.” Such, too, was the opinion of
the more sagacious and truly patriotic Franklin.
The “Age of Reason” having been submitted to him
in manuscript,—ho said to Mr. Paine, its impious
author —“1 would advise you not to attempt un
chaining the tiger, but to burn this piece before it is
seen by any other person. If men arc so wicket!
wifA religion, what would they be without it?”
, Experience has demonstrated, that the befief in a
Supreme Being and a sense of obligation to him, are
indispensable to the existence of public peace and
good order. Wherever the truths of religion arc un
known —its motives unfelt, and its sanctions unreal
ized, we find nothing hut misrule and confu&ion.
Our facilities of trade and commerce—our skill and
success in agriculture—’Our growing population—our
free institutions —our unshackled press—our person
’ al liberty—our national dignity and prosperity, may
, all be traced to that holy religion, which glowed in
the hearts of our ancestors and governed the conduct
• of Washington. Religion is the indispensable
support of political prosperity—the great pillar of
' national happiness* Inasmuch, then, as Sun
j day-schools are pre-eminently useful in promoting
and establishing religion, they are of incalculable
benefit to any nation, and especially to our nation ;
fur upon the maintenance and prevalence of rel -
' gion, depend the safety and prosperity of those free
j institutions which are the pride of every American
citizen. Such u the influence and tendency of
1 Sunday schools, in respect to tcuiporal things—ia
respect to the happiness of this life.”
t In connexion with the above extract, which
j we clip from an essay published by the
American Sunday School Union/ 1 pointing
r out the design and importance of Sunday
Schools, we desire to call the attention of our
citizens to lhe fact that lhe Rev. Mr. Hamner,
one of the Agents of this noble institution, is
t now in thia city for the purpose of advancing
lhe cause of Sunday Schools, and we earnest*
3 ly recommend ail such as desire to aid in a
work, which promises to confer so much bene
1. fit upon society, to call on him at lhe Lecture
3 Room of the Baptist Church, where he may
be seen mornings and afternoons for a few
2 days, and where he will be pleased to receive
1 ail classes, children, youths and those of ma
> ture age, and show them his in cresting and
valuable collection of Sunday School books.
* prepared by the American Sunday School
Union for the use of schools established by
- their Agents.
These Books are either given the schools, or
sold at prices whichcheapness will astonish
even those most fam ?r with the art of book
making in this enlightened and progressive
Think of a neat little pamphlet contain,
ing forty-sight hymns for one cent —a well
bound spelling book tor six cents —or ‘ Little
Bill at th* Pump, 1 ' a very impressive and
t uching story from real life, hands a tnely bound
for nine cents—and a valuable little “Village
and Family Library” of 24 vols. bound in
muslin, on popularsubjeciw of Science, His
tory, Biography, &c., for three dollars the set,
or twelve and a half cents a volume &c., &c ~
combining a great variety of very interesting
works calculated to improve, interest and in
struct all classes, young and old.
We sincerely hope therefore that our citi
zens generally will call and examine the collec
tion, and especially would we urge parents to
go and take their children with them.
As there may be some who are not familiar
with the organization of the * American Sun
day School Union,” and who may suspect that
it is sectarian in its character, we beg leave to re*
mark that no books are published by the Amer
ican Sunday School Union without the sanc
tion of the Committee of Publication, consist
ing of fourteen members, from the following
denominations of Christians, viz: Baptist,
oepiscopal, rres
byterian, and Reformed Dutch. Not more
than three of the members can boos the same
denomination, and no book can be published
to which any member of the Committee shall
object.
This arrangement relieves the association
from even the suspicion of sectarianism.
For the Chronicle S; Sentinel.
Internal Improvement,
Tixora are «ot l ias than ttcj millions unin
structed Children in our land ! —Are they of
le«s value to our country than Banks and Man
ufactories, Canals and Rail roads7—Shall we
do and say so much lo improve our capital of
matter, and neglect this vast amount ot intellec
tual capital 7—Shall we be so anxious to per
fect every part oftho machinery of our national
prosperity, and neglect the moving power on
which the successful and useful operation o
the whole depends 7
Can not those so eloquent aud indefatigable
in their appeals in behalf of internal Improve
men Is, da something for the improvement of
the mind 7 We can afford to lose the gems of
the ocean, and the fragrance of the desert, but
nut the immortfil mind. Mind neglected is
worse than lost to lhe world. It is the agent
Satan uses most euccessfully,. in his assaults
upon the Kingdom of Christ.
As Christians and Patriots, we cannot be in
different on this subject. And what more effic
ient instrumentality can be employed lo dissipate
ignorance, and enlighten the masses than the
Sunday School 1
More than Ons Thousand different imple
ments for purposes of tHternal improvement
have been prepared by the Institution with
which lam connected. Choice specimens of
the same may be seen at the Lecture Room
of the Bapti
Thomas L. Hamnkr,
Gen. Agt. Am. 8. S. Mission.
April 10. 1851.
For lhe Chronic's Sentinel.
Broom Factory.
Mr.JEditor: —In your weekly of the 12th
March, I gave notice that a Mr. E. W. Warn er
was coining south to establish a Broom Factory
in Greene county, Georgia and that on the ar
rival of Mr. Warner, due notice would be
given
Mr. \\ arner, in compliance with his promise,
arrived this day, is now making his arrange
ments to establish his factory in Greenesbnro,
and it is earnestly hoped that the citizens of that
place will welcome him as a mechanic to their
village, as he comes well recommended as a
worthy young man. He desires that the plan
ter-of Greene county will plant Broom Corn,
as he wishes to do as large a business as the
market will warrant
Mr. Warner has a model machine for clean
ing Broom Corn and will take pleasure in
showing it to the planters, and will give any
other information in reference to the planting
and management of Broom Corn they may
want. 1 can supply Brooui Corn seed.
April 2, 1851. A. Greene.
Dr. Hitchcock.—lt gives us pleasure says
tfc e Savannah Republican, to announce ’hat
D r. Chas. M. Hitchcock, Assistant Surgeon
U • S. A-, has been promoted io a full Surgeon,
with the rank of Major. Our gratification st ?ps
here, however, as we regret to add that the
Doctor has been ordered to California to take
charge of the medical department of the Paci
fic divi&jon. No man of his age occupies a
more enviable position in his department than
Dr. H., and. we may add. no man is more enti
tled to that position. His great skill as a sur
geon, his energy and promptness, to say noth
ing of bis meritorious service? on the field of
Buena Vista aud his social virtues, have won
for him many friends, not only in the Army but
’hroughout the country wherever he is known.
We feel sure that there is no one in this eom
rnunity who will not unite with us in the per
soual regret we experience at parting both
with him and his excellent lady.
Imperial Mcnificeece —We see it staled
that the Emperor Nicholas, of Russia, has di
rected bis agents to purchase every model or
specimen of art at lhe World’s Exhibition
which may be useful is the improvement and
advancement of Russian inatiuiactures. It is
asserted also, on lhe authority of a letter Jrom
Bt. Petersburg!}, that the Emperor intends .o
a head 10,000,000 of silver rubles in such puf
ci Mises, a . . u-i
The State Road.—lts Management.
The following extract from n business letter
from a highly respectable Merchant in Chatta
nooga to the Publisher, may afford the public
an inkling of the manner in which the
business of the State Road is managed
by Gov. Towns and his men Mitchell and ’
Bishop : 1
Chattanooga, April 3. I
“If our business was not so cramped up by the |
miserable management of our road authorities we
could have an active time. As it is, wc have noth- 1
ing to do. Our Agent has been absent a week —the |
Depot is crowded with goods that ought to have gone (
forward a week ago, and in consequence all interests
must await his return. —Steamboats, Commission 1
Merchants and all interior Georgia beside.”
Verily, this is a fine picture for the contem
plation of Georgiana, who are inviting the J
Tennesseeans to bring the products of their
farms, orchards, dairies and workshops to our
market over our Railroads. What think yen, 1
considerate reader, of the management of a
Road, when the interests of a whole country
are to be sacrificed to the convenience of a
Railroad Agent whose business may require
him to be absent for a week ? Wo infer from
the extract, that the Agent’s absence puts a stop
to transportation, in other avoids that there is an
entire cessation for the time in the forwarding
business. Think of a farmer of Tennessee or
Alabama arriving at Chattanooga with his pro
duce, cotton, corn, bacon, or something more
perishable in the shape of apples or Irish po
tatoes, which he desired to hurry as rapidly as
possible to a market, and being told that the
Agent was absent, and would be for a week,
and that his produce and he must await his re
turn before it could be sent forward over the
road !
Another Cuban Expedition,
From tho indications in various sections of
the country, it seems that the perturbed spirits
who have been seeking the corquest of Cuba,
contemplate another expedition against that
Island.
The New Orleans Delta of the 29ib, has the
following interesting paragraph:
“ The various rumors respecting a' outbreak in
Cuba, referred to by the Picayune of this morning,
have their origin in the fact well known here, that
a large numoer of patriots have been leaving Ha
vana, since tho 10th of this month, for Vuelta Abajo n
with a view of joining the Revolutionary movement
as soon as it breaks out. This movement, has been
hastened by the orders which have been issued for
the arrest of the leading patriots in Havana, and in
other parts of the island. A considerable number
of them have retired io the mountains, carrying wish
them an entire company of Spanish soldiers, which
was stationed at San Cristobal, at the foot of the
Cu-co Mountains, and many deserters from the ar
my. These mountains afford retreats inaccessible
to the Spanish authorities.
Asa proof of the secrecy with which ths tyrants
of Cuba make their arrests, we may state the fact
that the arrests referred to were made during the
festivities on the occasion of the visit of several dis
tinguished members of our Congress to the Captain
i General, and yet were not known to those gentlemen
r before they left Havana.”
’ From the following paragraphs it seems the
infection has this time extended to Georgia.
The Atlanta Intelligencer says:
“One hundred and twenty enterprising looking
young men tcok the Macon and Western cars from
this city, this morning (the 10th inst.) bound profes
sedly lor California, but it is well understood here
that their intended destination is the Island of Cuba.
Several young men from Atlanta joined the Company
before it left. It is, perhaps, worthy of notice, in
this connection, that half a dozen boxes cf Rifles
were yesterday morning shipped on the Atlanta &
West Point Railroad from this place.”
The Rome Courier has the following :
“ For the last few days there have been rumors
afloat in our city, of another expedition against Cu
ba, and quite a number of young men from Rome
and its vicinity have left, it is supposed, to join in
this rather delicate and hazardous enterprize. It is
also rumored that this new movement is sanctioned,
if not promoted by men of influence aud official
standing in Georgia and other Southern States We
understand the expedition is to sail from Savannah
on Saturday next. No space lor comment at pre
sent.”
South Carolina Shok Factory. —We weic
among a number of our citizen who yesterday al
ternoon visited, by invitation, the new Shoe manu
factory recently established by Messrs. Carew &
Hopkins, at the corner of King and John-Hs. The
object of the proprie ora in desiring the attendance
ol their fellow-citizens on this occasion, was to give
them practical evidence of the mode of inanufactu
ing this indispensable article, and shewing that
shoescan be as well manufactured in the city of
Charleston, as in Lynn, (Mass.) or any Northern
town. These gentlemen deserve much credit for
their enterprize in this matter, and have set an ex
ample which we hope will stimulate others to pur
sue a similar course in other branches of mechan
ism.
The building in which th work is carried on, is
three stories in height and each story divided into
compnrtuicnts devoted to the various workmen en
gaged in manufacturing sheer. The basement story
7s used fur dressing Leather, and the other two oc
cupied by the cu ters, peggers, finishers, &c. We
have not the technical knowledge to convey to the
mind of our readers the particulars of the process of
manufacture, in s.ieh a manner as to make it clear
ly understood, nor is it necessary, further than to
say that the business is conducted in a masterly
style.
It isproperto say, however, that, here was placed
before the observer, th2 leather from which the
stioc was to be made, and by passing thiougii the
room, he could see the whole mechanism performed
until the material became “a shoe that was a tsboe.”
Not onlv the common russet Brogan, generally used
for field Negroes, but the genteel, well finished shoe,
that would grace the foot of a dandy lootman, or the
proud and haughty dining room servant. Our frec
soil revilers, ignorant of our institutions, and fanati
cal in their views, may smile at this lust remark,
<• 4—* -*» ... * .. .. tint-. It
is well known and well understood, among -live
owners, that there are grades and ranks among the
slaves, ascleaily defined and strongly marked, as in
the higher classes. In dress, this is outwardly ex
hibited to a greater degree, than with their masters,
and the higher classes of slaves are as choice and
critical in the selection of articles of dress, as the
white nabob.
We learn that Messrs. Carew &. Hopkins give
employment to upwards of one hundred persons in
their factory, at the present lime, and it is now in its
infancy. It isthe.rintentic.n to extend and enlarge
tho.r operations, and we trust, indeed we are sure,
that they will be patronized so liberally as to induce
them to quadruple their present firce.
There is one feature in t iis establishment, which
will prove highly advantageous to a number of the
poor f-males and children of our city. The sewing
up of the shoe, termed “closing,” is given out from
the Factory, at stated times, to such as apply for
work, to be returned and paid for at prescribed pe
riods. Many families, by this means, are enabled
to take home work, and be employed on it at inter
vals, when their household services do not occupy
their time; who wouid not otherwise be enabled to
earn any thing. Children, too, not old enough to be
sent out to work, can aid in this labor, and there
fore, not only add something to the support of a fami
ly, but acquire habits of industry and application,
that will be of incalculable use in after life.
Alter the company had enjoyed the gratification of
seeing the admirable arrangements of the manufac
tory, they were handsomely entertained by the pro
prietors, and many well deserved compliments paid
to the energy and public spirit which induced them
to engage in the patriotic undertaking.— Charleston
Courier.
We concur entirely with the Courier that
“these gentlemen deserve much credit for
their enterprise in this matter,” and we go
much further and add, that our contemporary
Col. Carew, has therein shown more good,
common, practical sense—true patriotism and
ardent devotion to the true interests of the
South, than ail the editorials on the subject of
secession and disunion, his journal the
cury, has contained for the last two years or
will contain for the next half century, if he
should live so long, unless there be an entire
change in its tone.
We congratulate the people of South
Carolina on this indication of sanity in their
leading editor, on a question which vitally af
fects their interests. We too, hope from it
the most salutary results, as well upon the
Colonel’s political hallucinations as upon the
industrial interests and prosperity of the State
and the South.
Djsunionists at the North.—We fre
quently stated that there existed a concert of
action between the abolitionists at the North,
and the disumonists at the South, to accom
plish the dissolution of the American Union.
It is irue, that these separate factions are
prompted by professedly opposite motives;
sidi their end and aim is the same. Here are
some of ihe proofs:
‘ The Worcester ( Mass.) Spy, which has lent
itself to the Free-eoil faction, and entered into
ah its schemes, thus, unwittingly, it may be
supposed, tells the country what their party
design by their efforts to over ride the constitu
tion.
“The feeling is growing stronger every day
in the free Stales, that the mutual benefits of
the Union are a fiction; and the fact that free
men can be taken from the North and con
signed to slavery, proves dial it Is so. If this
feeling deepens and widens as it surely is do
ing. in consequence of the political infamy of
Northern men. and of the rampant aggre*vion
upon our rights by Southern slavery, then
farewell to all those illusions and dream- of
our great aud piosperous Republic, covering
this continent from snore to shore. The North
will in the end be compelled to divorce its in
famous partner, as sure as God reigns, and the
South, like some iniquitous courtezan, will
smk in premature decay from the diseases
which she bears in her own bosom.”
SoWND SINSE AND PATRIOTISM. —Mr. Rlt
chie. in his valedictory address to the readers
of the Union, aiiudes to the slavery agitation,
and remarks:
“Tne whole question as it now stands, must
be adjusted substantially on the Georgia plat
form—acquiescence under the recent cumpro
mise, a faithful execution of provisions, espe
cially of the fugitive • ave law, and a total ab
stinence from this dark question for the future.
The booth has a right to expect this. The
North owes it to itself, as well as to the South,
torarry out this system. Hence we contend
that the North holds the Union in her hands—
more even tnau tne seco-iouists of the South
—because if the North respects the just rights
of the South, the enemies of the Union will
fee! much diiLculty in carrying out their de
signs. We earnestly recommend, then, in the
first place, that Lht tree ivU party of the North
gucultl be rviuetd to sxUnct. Ilia the great ele
ment ot discord and disunion in our system.
Il mut tc put djicri. or u tciU. iu all human
probahUuy, put down the Cuujn. The Free
toilers must not ba permitted to defeat the
fugitive bill. Tney must not be encouraged
in any coa.ition wmen they may seek with po
litical parties to snare toe othoes of the coun
try. Os ail uiugs they should not be permitted
to share the seau of the Senate of tne United
States.”
“A Place in thy Memory.”
“ With the year
Reasons return, but not to me returns
Day, or the sweet approach of ev’n or morn,
Or sight of vernal bloom, or summer’s rose,
Or flocks, or herds, or human face divine.” j
We have never essayed the performance of
a more pleasing task than that of calling the
public attention to this charming little volume,
by Mrs. 8. Il DeKroyft, whose sad, eventful
history is written in a brief but impressive
sentence. “ Within a month she became a
bride, a widow and blind.'' Thus stricken and
thrown upon her own resources, she seeks, by
the sale of her book, which is eminently distin
guished for the purity of its style and its refin
ed and virtuous sentiments, secure for her
self an humble competency, a home to which
she may retire in the enjoyment of that quiet
which is vouchsafed to the virtuous and pure
under the chastening hand of misfortune.
Who that has a heart susceptible of a kindly
emotion, will not joyfully and gladly aid her in
her noble purpose, by buying a book?
To the Ladies of Augusta, whose hearts arc
ever overflowing with charity, and who are
always prominent in good works, wc com
mend Mrs. DeK. as eminently worthy of their
, kindest offices. Though they cannot afford a
ray of light to relievo her from that external
night in which she is enveloped, they may and
can, by those deeds of kindness and tenderness
which none but the gentle sex can perform,
illume and lighten her heart* and smooth her
pathway through life.
We have already said quite enough to oniist
the sympathies of the benevolent, but we can
not omit to give place to the following touch
ing appeal in her behalf from a contemporary :
How few who may read this paragraph, would
think it possiole for them, entirely without means,
to get up a book, transact all the business contracts
and operations necessary, and then, without a single
ray of light to guide their steps, go out personally to
sell it, day after day, patiently ferreting out dark,
lonely streets, and climbing winding stairs, thereby
to secure food and raiment. Such enterpriso is
worthy of praise, and deserves the encouragement
of every patron of honest industry. This looks to us
like the ambition of Napoleon crossing the Alps, or
gathering his scattered army after his discomfiture
at Moscow.
The purpose of this blind lady is, to secure for
herself ‘ a little cottage and a little plat,” which she
may call her home. Her cottage must be built.
Every book sold piles one stone on its walls, and all
who enjoy a good home am! who can look upon its
dear and loved inmutes, cannot better add to the zest
of its enjoyments than by mingling with them the
consciousness of having contributed to provide the
same for one who is eminently qualified to enjoy
and ornament domestic life, and upon whom has
fallen this unparalleled succession of bereavements,
thus described in her own words—“l was in one
short month, a bride, a widow and blind.”
Such mea as our late Pres dent Taylor, Mr. Clay,
Gen. VVaddy Thompson. Senator Dawson, Mr. Burt,
Gen. Greene, Rev. Dr. Nott, and Dr. Turner of New
York and His Excellency Governor Floyd of Vir
ginia, and many other distinguished individuals,
both nf the clergy and laity, together with the prin
cipaleditorsol New York, Washington, Charleston,
S. C.j Boston, Salem, Portland and other places,
have tent their influence to this work; and more
over, Mrs. De Kroyft brings with her letters
from many of the most gifted ladies of our land, one
of wham from Washington says—“ That Mrs. De
Kroft is a lady of more than ordinary interest, we
need say only to those who have not hud the pleasure
of listening to her graceful conversation, or reading
one of her charming letters 111 A Place in thy Memo
ory, which we are happy to say, ornaments almost
every drawing room in Washington City. It is a
book which may be read with profit by the most
(.dented, as well as the most common reader.
it occurs to us that this book is i raily one of the
most interesting and useful Gift Books for the sea
son. It is no fiction, from “this flood” of literature
that is now upon us, but a true, an interesting, and
a peculiar phase of real life, that will do good
wherever it is read and pondered. The book is em
bellished with an engraving of the author, and the
New York institution for the Blind, of which Mrs.
DeKroyft was for one year an inmate. Reader, buy
her book. Piace it on your centre table, and let it
be often referred to.
Mrs. DeK. is stopping at the United States
Hotel, and her book may be procured at all
of the Bookstores.
Mr. Calhoun on Secession. —Gen. James
Hamilton, in a letter to Mr. Pope, of Bluffton,
S. C., thus staler what were Mr. Calhoun’s
views in regard to secession by South Caroli
na. “He looked alone to the united and co
operative action of Virginia, and a majority of
the Cotton States. He never, for one instant,
cherished the idea of devoting South Carolina
to desolation, or our people to slaughter, that
other States of the South might bo dragooned
into our support. His whole policy was
founded on a friendly and pacific union of the
South for the protection of he South. With
that sanguine temperament which belonged
to his noble nature, which belongs to the very
constitution of gon ius, he cherished this hope
to the last. This extinef, he did not look be
yond the great moral lesson which the motto
impressed on our own Palmetto holds forth
for the instruction of her sons: "Animis opi
bmque Parati.” That these were the opinions
of this great man, I have in my possession the
most irrefutable testimony, which, at a fitting
time, shall bo made public, if need bo.”
The Washington papers sta'e that Captain
Stansbury, of the Topographical corps of En
gineers, who recently reached that city from
the far West, has deposited ia the National
uallery some tine specimens of many curious
animalsand birds, collected by him in the re
gion of the Great Salt Lake and the Rocky
Mountains.
The Bouton Atlas of Saturday says :
We learn from Mr. Fetridge that he has
purchased from the agent of the Southern
owner, the Slave Sims, for the sum of §ISOO :
—the slave to be sent back to this city in six
weeks from this time, after going through the
necessary form? of delivery in Georgia. It is
Mr. Fetridge’s intention to employ Sims as an
agent for the sale of articles.
Freshet.—The Montgomery (Alabama)
Journal of the 10th inst. says; We have ac
counts from all directions of the disastrous
effects of the heavy rain and storm of Monday
night—its damage to crops and fences, and
destruction of stock. Some thirty miles east
of this place the rain was accompanied by
heavy wind, which effected serious havoc.
The stage connection, in some direction*, is
suspended—creeks swimming, and extensive
portions of the lower country flooded. Mr.
Allen, the contractor on the Mobile mail route
we learn, lost six horses on Tuesday, in at
tempting to cross a creek a few miles below
thia place. The passengers and driver esca
ped; the mails have since been recovered. A
passenger informs us thu- the Chattahoochee
had risen yesterday at Columbus forty feet,
and that at West Point it had reached the
bridgf?. The rise in the river here has been
unprecedented in rapidity and extent, consid
ering it the effect of four hours’storm. The
volume of rain must have been immense.
The Alabama, we learn, has risen 30 feet in
as many hours, and at the time this was writ
ten, was still rising. We anticipate accounts
of heavy damage to the river plantations.
Mr. Mallory’s Acceptance.—We find a
letter in the last Tallahassee Sentinel from Mr.
Mallory to Gov. Brown, accepting the place of
U. S. Senator to which he was recently elected
by the legislature of Florida. Tne Sentinel
informs us that, in reply to a remark from Mr.
Clay during his visit to Key West, 31 r. Mallory
“declared himself a democrat and a friend of
the Union, up>n the baste of the Compromise.”
Census of Florida —Returns have been re
ceived from ah the counties in Florida, ex
cept two, showing a population of about 90,-
000. Whiles, 46,762—slaves, 39,893. Tne
number of deaths during the year was 869
the number of dwellings in the State, 8,584.
The lota' population in 1810 was 54,177.
The Franking Privilege.— We see it sta
ted says, the Memphis Eagle, that no less than
3000 lbs. of matter, have recently parsed
through the Louisville post office, under the
frank of Senator Borland, and about the same
quantity be’onging to Senator Turney, of this
State sent by virtue of the same privilege—al]
directed o themselves * When such men are
placed in public stations, it is time that all laws
which were designed to regulate the conduct of
scrupulous and less economical gentlemen,
were repealed.
The Contest in Mississippi.—A friend,
just from the Eas ern Counties of Mississippi,
informs us, says the Mobile Advertiser, that the
contest between the Unionists and Secession
ists waxes warm in that section. Old parly
lines are completely obliterated, and Whigs
and Democrats are uniting harmoniously to
gether to rid the country of the fell spirit of
disunionism Senator Foote has returned
and promp ly taken the field in behalf cf the
Compromise and the Union, and wdl do no
ble service. That he will be triumphantly
sustained in the highly patriotic course he has
pursued in the Senate of the United Staten,
no intelligent man low doubts. The N. O.
Picayune notes hisprogress as follows:
Senator Foote returned to his home ii Mis
sissippi on tne 30th nil. The next day he ad
dressed the citizens of Raj mood and vicinity
m a public speech, accepting his nomination
as a candidate for the State Convention. On
the night of tne 2d .nstant he addressed a large
audience in the city oi Jackson, in defence of
his position and opinions as a Democrat and a
Union man. He left Jacksun on tne 3d for
Maduon county, thence io go on a canvass to
a portion of the eastern counties, and to re
turn to Jackson in time for the convention in
May.
Two men, Horace B. Uonckliu and James
J. Orcutt, have been arrested al Utica, New
York, cnarged with incendiarism. Tne latter
has made a full confession implicating several
others,
A private letter dated at Marfettta, April
Bth, says : “ A meeting of the Constitution
al Union parly, convened at the Court House
in this place to-day, N, M. Calder, Eaqr., in <
the Chair, ami after some appropriate remarks t
from Gen A. J. Hansell, nominated the
following delegates to attend the ensuing
Gubernatorial Convention : N. M. Calder,
Jesse Oslin, Jas. F, Cooper and A. T.
Kemp.”
William H. Crawford’s opinion of Se
cession.—We clip from an exchange the fol
lowingextract containing the opinion of thelate
William IL Crawford, one of ablest
and most cherished Statesman, upon the ques
tion of secession, or resistance to the General
Government:
‘‘Permit me, to make one or two observa
tions upon the competency of the State Gov
errun*-nt to resist ths authority or the execution
of a law of Congress. What kind of resis
lance can they make, which is constitutional !
I know of but one kind—and that is by elections.
The People, and the Slates, have a right
to change the members of the National
Legislature, and in that way, and in that, alone
can they effect the change cf the measures of
ibis Government. It is true, there is another
kind of resistance which can be made, but it is
unknown to the constitution, Ibis resistance
depends upon physical force; it is an appeal
to the sword ; and by the sword must that ap
peal be decided, aud not by the provisions of the
Constitution.”
Death of Com. Wadsworth. —The Na
tional Intelligencer, cf Monday the 17ih inst,
says: “We are truly pained to have to an
nounce the death, at his residence, of Com
modore Alexander S. Wadsworth, of the Navy
of the United Slates, who breathed his last in
this city on Saturday last, after a severe and
protracted illness, which had for several years
disabled him for duty. He was the eighth on
the roll of Captains in the Navy, (the whole
number being sixty-eight.) He entered the
service from the State oi Maine, in April, 1804.
He had of course seen much active service,
and was, we believe, generally and justly
esteemed one of the most accomplished officers
in the Navy.”
The steamship Pioneer of 2700 tons burthen,
was launched at New York on Saturday. She
belongs to Messrs. Spofford, Tileston &Co.,
and will sail for London, with passengers for
the World’s Fair on the Ist of June.
Remedy for Potato Rot.—Mr. John T.
Snyder, of New Jersey, has furnished a reme
dy for Potato Rot, which is described as fol
lows :
“At the period when the potato rot usually
commences scatter a handful of ashes around
the vines on each hill, and it will effectually
prevent the disease. The application should
he made as late as possible.”
Disastrous Freshet.—The excessive rain
of Monday night the 7th inst., was very gene
ral over this State, and the middle and upper
part of South Carolina and Alabama, as fur as
heard from, producing excessive and destruc
tive overflows of the creeks and rivers through
out the whole of its extent. At West Point
the Chattahoochee flooded the village, and
was said to be two feet higher than ever be
fore known, and at Columbus it rose 20 feet
in 12 hours and was only exceeded by the
great freshet of 1840. At Macon the Ocmul
gee overflowed its banks, and drove tenants
from their dwellings in a portion of the city ;
it was within a foot of the freshet of 1840.
And every where, we hear of the destruction
of mills and bridges, in and near Macon a
white boy and two Negroes were drowned.
Mrs. Judson, formerly ‘ Fanny Forrester,”
and wife of the celebrated mssionary, deceas
ed, is about to return homo from Calcutta. She
is expected to arrive in this country by the
first of June.
The Union Party Moving.—We observe
with much pleasure the movement, in quite a
number of Counties, on the part of the Con
stitutional Union party, to appoint delegates to
the Gubernatorial Convention to be held in
Milledgeville on the first Monday in June next.
Among other Counties we observe that For
syth has appointed two delegates, John Low
and W. A. Lewis, the one a Democrat and
the other a Whig. The tone and temper of
the meeting may be inferred from the follow
ing resolution, which was proposed by Mr.
Lewis, one of the delegates, and adopted
unanimously :
Resolved, That the high character, talents and
eminent qualifications of the Hon. Howell Cobb, of
the county of Clarke, the distinguished Speaker of
the lust House of Representatives, at Washington,
point to him, in the opinion of the meeting, us the
most suitable man tn be the candidate of the Consti
tutional Union Party of the Stare of Georgia for the
office of Governor at the next election.
Resolved further. That the delegates appointed at
this meeting to the Convention at Milledgeville, on
the first Monday in June next, be, and they are here
by instructed, to use, in said Convention, ail hono
rable means to secure his nomination.
The Mississippi River.—The Memphis
Eagle of the Bth inst. notices the fact that the
Mississippi river at that print had been falling
for UIO DFPviona filtonn ow fwnnlf doyd, •» ao
sixteen feet below high water mark and still
falling slowly, yet it continued to rise at New
Orleans, and had reached the highest mark of
any pievious season. Upon this state of
things the Eagle ba?es the following specula
tions, which are certainly not very agreeable
to the denizens of the Crescent City. Tho
Eagle says:
“The unusual continuance of the rise below
is a tributed to the vast amount of leveeing
that has been done in Arkansas and Mississippi
during the past twelve or eighteen months,
which, of course, had a powerful tendency to
confine the Mississippi’s ‘world of waters’to
one channel, all the way down. If this sys
tem of leveeing is energetically earned on a
few years longer, as we understand it will be,
our friends of the Crescent city had better
lay in a large supply of boats, or look out for
another location ”
Equestrian Statue of Gkn. Jackson.—
The Washington correspondent of the Charles
ton Courier says:
“I visited, the other day, the studio of
Clarke Mills, to witness the progress wh’eh
no has made in the equestrian statue of Jack
son. The model of the horse is now com
pete, the reins having been added, and noth
ing can be more spirited and true to nature.
It will be cast in bronze early next mouth.
A portion of the figure of General Jackson
has been cast, and the whole work will soon
tie completed. It is intended that the monu
ment shall be placed on it? pede.tal in Lafay
ette square early in July, it will be truly a
I great work, •ind highly creditable to the arts in
this country —more so, perhaps, than any
production that has yet appeared from any
American artist.
“ The statue is one third hrger than life,
and will weigh thirty-five thousand pounds.
The height of the head from the ground will
be thirty feet, the pedestal being twenty feet
high. It will be noticed that the size of the
statue is about the same with that of Peter
the Great at St. Petersburg—a statue which
was the work of nineteen years. Mr. Ai ills
will have executed Ins statue in four years,
after having been delayed eight months by the
want of metal.
“ The monument is made from some old
condemned brass cannon belonging to the
Government —some of which are trophies
taken a - Watertown. The five pieces of can
non taken by Gen. Jackson at Pensacola are
to surround the base of the mono merit, hav
ing been granted by Congress for that purpose.
Two of them have the motto of “FwZate Rsgis
fulmina.” One which bears date, 1773, has an
inscription on the trunnion, showing that it
was made from copper from North America.
Mr. Mills finds tune to execute many plaster
casts and aho busts in marble, in all of which
he has been signally successful. Mr. Power
says that he prefers working after Mr. Mill’s
casts to those of any other artiit. The statue
of Mr. Ca‘houn was cut from Mr. Mills’
cast.
Bounty Land Warrants.—The National
Intelligencer, of Saturday, says : “By the ap
propriation bill of the 31 ultimo a restriction
]is imposed relative to the location of Bounty
Land Warrants, which, from its being in so
inappropriate a place, is not generally known;
and as many holders are now making arrange
ments, and - one of them expensive ones, to
have their warrants located upon the valuable
mineral and other lands about to be brought
into market the ensuing summer and fall, it is
suggested that it be made more public- We
therefore publish the provision* as follows:’’
“ Trial no land bounty for military services
granted by me act of 28th September, 1850,
entitled 'an act granting bounty land to certain
olficers and soldiers who have engaged in the
military service of the United 8 ates,’ or by
virtue of any other act of Congress heretofore
passed granting land bounties tor military ser
vices, shall be satisfied out of any public land
not heretofore brought into market, and now
subject to entry at private sale under existing
laws,’”
The Saxon Blood.—We find the following
in a late number of Dicken’s “Household
Words.” It is true, every word of it:
Wherever the descendants of the Saxon
race have gone, have sailed, or otherwise made
their way, even to the remotest regions of tbe
world, they have been patient persevering,
never to be broken in spirit, never to be turned
aside from enterprise on which they have re
solved. In Europe, Asia, Africa, America, the
whole world over ; in the desert, in the forest,
on the eea; scorched by a burning sun, or
frozen by ice that never melts, the Saxon b'ood
remains unchanged. Wheresoever that race
goes, there law, and industry, and safety for
life and property, and ail the great results of
steady perseverance, are certain to arise.
The American Flora.—Those of our citi
zens who have subscribed for the first volume
of this charm ; ng periodical, elegantly bound,
will be pleased to learn that Mr. Green one of
the publishers is now iu the City. prepared to
deliver the volume. iVreons who des re to
sub.-cnoe for either of me volumes, the second
ofwmch is now m course of publication, will
find Mr. G. at Mrs. Gallagher’s, opposite the
Reading Room- |
For the Chronicle Sentinel.
General Education.
We wish Georgians to feel that a sound edu
cation is one of the necessaries of life, and
that they cannot do without it,
“ Good instruction is better than riches,”
was the motto that William Penn placed on
the seal of a literary corporation, granted by
I im one hundred and fifty years ago.
“In proportion as the structure of a govern
ment gives force to public opinion, it is essen
tial that public opinion should be enlightened,”
said Washington.
A well instructed people alone can be
a P®JL’P anen .fly free people,” said Madison.
“.? l‘ ere ?• but one way of rendering aRe
publican form of government durable, and
that is by disseminating virtue and knowledge,”
said Rush.
“Make a crusade , gnoranee .’ eajd
Jefferson.
Education impliea p, epor „ (io „ /Aa( ig
made m youth for after life. Thl „ parenta |
duly i. .trongly and per. ua ,iv e |y jll^ u | ca t ed
by writers on national law.
Says Kent, “A parent who eend , hi , gon
into the world uneducated, and without skill in
any art or science, does a great injury to man
kind, ns well as to hie own family, f< )r he de
frauds the community of a useful citizen.”
Paley says, “To send an uneducated child
into the world, is a public injury, and little
be*ter than to turn a m ad-dog, or a wild beast
, into tho streets.”
Solon, the great Athenian Lawgiver, was
so deeply impressed wiih this obligation, that
he even excused the children of Athens from
maintaining their parents, if they had neglected
• to train them to some art or profession.
The Sunday School is an engine of moral
power without a rival. It is not only the cheap
est, but the most efficient instrumentality ever
devised to be used in *'a crusade against igno
rance.” It is of universal applicability, and is,
( in its very nature, indefinitely expansive and
I diffusive.
The good people of Savannah have recently
, contributed liberally towards building up
, Sunday Schools in destitute parts of the
' State. Will not the citizens of Augusta also
take part in this great and important work ?
Thomas L. Hamner,
’ f General Agent American Sunday School
, Union, at United States Hotel.
Augusta, April 12, 1851.
Professor Agassiz.—A correspondent of
tho Springfield (Massachusetts) Republican,
writing from Boston under date of December
11, says :
“Little of scientific or literary interest has
occurred of late in and about the good eity of
Boston. Professor Agamiz returned last week
from hia Florida Expedition, richly laden with
treasures, having brought back no less than
thirty s x barrels and boxes, sixteen of which
contained new animals preserved in alcohol.
Professor A. pronounces the region in tho vi
cinity of Key West to be one oi the m st in
teresting localiiies on the globe, considered in
a scientific point of view. He was there en
abled io watch and trace the progress cf the
coral building insect in all its stages, as it is bu
sily engaged in extending the Peninsula of
Florida, south and east. He has demonstrated
that the whole of this State is of a very recent
origin, composed entirely, in the southeastern
part ot coral reefs, covered in the course of
years by a thin layer of soil. Professor Agas
siz’* investigations have also thrown no little
light upon the formations ol the secondary
limestones which play so important a part in
the gaologieal systems of this and other coun
tries. Professor A. was obliged to cut short
his labors, rather summarily, among Zoophytes
Brachiaopods, Algae, Gorgonia, etc., by the
commencement ol a vexatious law suit for
libel, which was on trial last week at Albany,
New York. The alleged libel consists in a
criticism on a geological map, published a vear
or two since with a view of being introduced
into the New York. The criticism,
which appears to us to have been merited,
effectually killed the map, and hence the suit.”
Foreigners in Boston.—The “ Sanitary
Commission” of Massachusetts have made a
report which contains several curious s in
regard to the relative condition and gr •th of
the foreign and native population in . c; y e
Boston.
The increase of the foreign population
five years since 1845. is 26.031 against
crease of 1879 native ! Showing that foreign
ers have actually crowded the natives beyond
the city limits.
The births in Boston in 1849 were 62 per
cent, foreign, and 38 percent, native, although
the ratio of population was 46 foreign to 54
native.
The Boston Socie y, for the prevention of
Pauperism, has received in the past live years,
applications for employ merit from 18,697 fe
males, of whom 14 044 were foreigners, and
out of 8,602 male applicants, 5,034 were fo
reigners.
The whole number of foreign paupers in
the state in 1838, was 2,765. The increase in
ten years was two hundred and sixty-eight per
cent.
In 1849, the deathshy cholera in Boston,
were 707, of whom 572 were foreigners.
The whole number of persons who died in
Boston in 1849. was 5,079, of whom 2,982
were foreigners—being 59 foreign to 41 na
tive, in a population 46 foreign to 54 native.
The V irginia institution for the Deaf, Dumb
and Blind, situated at Staunton, has been in
o Deration a little over eleven years, and its
beneficiaries number one hundred and ninety
four. Sixty-one deaf and dumb, and thirty
two blind, are pupils at the present lime.
Besides the regular education imparted, a
knowledge of various trades, such as shoe
making, carpentry, book-binding, brush mak
il»P. --•r.rl nk*««* in g,'tß
taught. The labor performed by the inmates
not only defrays the expenses of the institu
tion, but yields a small revenue.
Sailing of the Franklin —The steamship
Franklin eaikdtrom New York for Southamp
ton and Havre on Saturday, with about one
hundred passengers and $568 952 in specie,
most of which is zYmerican gold- The great
er portion of the Franklin a passengers are
visiters to the World’s Fair.
Marriage of Prof. Webster’s Daugh
ter —Miss Harriet W., (daughter of the late
Prof. Webster.) was married at Cambridge,
Mass., on the 2d instant , to Mr. S. W. Dab
ney. of Fayal, the brother of her elder sister’s
husband. When her father was convicted of
the murder of Dr. Parkman, this young lady,
who had for some time heen betrothed to Mr.
D., absolved him from his engagement, which,
however, with a manliness that did him honor,
he would not accept. They, with Mrs. Web
ster, are about making a visit to Fayal.
Appointments by the President.—Wm.
H. C. Mills, of Georgia, to be Marshal of the
United States for the district of Georgia, in
place of W. M. Brown, resigned.
Charles W. Davis, to be Secretary of the
Board of Commissioners on Claims against
Mexico, in place of Edward VV. Johnston,
resigned.
The New York Sun has dates from Havana
to the 31st March. A letter in that paper
states that Gen Concha has dismissed the
Venezuelan Consul, Mr. Munoz. He order
ed him to leave the island within forty-eight
hours after receiving his passports. He is a
distant relation to Gen. Lopez, and it is gene
rally believed that he had something to do
with the conspiracy. He sailed in the English
stoamer for St. Thomas.
The St. Louis Republican slates that Capt.
C. IL Morrett, U. S. Marshal for New Mexi
co, reached that city on the Ist instant, fom
Santa Fe, on his way to Washington. Capt.
Merrett finished taking lhe census of New
Mexico, only a few days before starting for
the States. The New Mexican Territory
contains a population of 61,574. Os these
650 are Americans. Among the Mexicans
over twenty years of age there is one in every
103 who has learned to read.
Banks.—in the last ten years the number
of banks and branches in the United States has
increased from 7b4 to 870—the loan? and
discounts from $386,487,662 to $411,961,948
—the loan? and discounts from $386,487,662
to $411,961,948 —the circulation from $107,-
239.214 to $154,588,636 —the depositee from
$34,550,784 to $127,509,984.
In 1843 tie circulation bad fallen to $58,-
563,668, so that it is now nearly three times as
great us it was eight years ago.
Interesting Prize.—There is a drum new
in the possession of the Massachusetts Vrlun
teers, which bore tho following insci .lion
upon its body: “This drum wa- br nt trie
battle ol Bunker Hill by Thomas Scott, 1775.”
Il was taken from a British drummer by a so- ■ •cr
of the Continentals at the memorable 0
above named; it afterwards became the ) r o
perty of the State of Massachusetts.
I American Timber going to Spain.—An
agent of the Spanish Government, it is stated,
has been in this country for some time, select
ing a large quantity of pitch pine plank timbers,
spars, masts, &c., for the use of the Govern
ment arsenals, and ship yards at Cadiz. This
is a tacit acknowledgment of tho superiority of
.American timber. A large quantity of pitch
pine has been selected for cannon mountings,
the American pine being considered unequal
led for that purpose.
Georgia Lumber for Spain.—We have al
ready adverted to the demand in Spain for our
lumber. A ship was taken up here yesterday
to carry 4uU,OOU feet of lumber to Cadiz, and
orders are received for 1,100,000 feet more for
the same destination. It is for the Spanish
Government, and this is the first order receiv
ed here from that source—the supplies of tim
ber for that Government having hitherto come
from the Gull.— Sa®. A’ep
Sponge trade of Key West.—The
Sponge trade is creating quite a sensation in
our midst. A large number of our citizens
are engaged in procuring it, and are reaping
a handsome reward for their labour. The
sponge is cured and brought into market, and
sold to our merchants for New York consump
tion, where they are manufacturing a beauti
ful atticie of cloth from it. The discovery
was only made some six months ago, that it was
valuable for such a purpose—and now the ar
ticle commands, in this market, from ten to
twelve cents per pound, and a first rate article,
well cured and atended to, will bring even
more, There is always a demand for it, and
it would not surprise us to see it, at no dis
ant day, one of me principal commodities of
our section, — Aep Ifest Gazette.
TU Southern Cultivator.— We have receiv
ed the April number of this monthly journal,
ft has already attained to a high position in the
estimation of planters and farmers—well does
it deserve their esteem. It is much the
oldest paper of the kind at the South. It has
demonstrated that such a periodical needs only
lu merit, in order to secure popular favor and
patronage. —S. C. Sentinel.
Rain.—We were visited on Monday by a
very heavy rain which has done, we fear, con
siderable injury to the crops on the river, and
greauy washed the uplands. Jark Frost was
also seen luiking about the fields on Wednes
day morning, but his depredations were
tenues,—Rome Uonntr*