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2 ij . i \ rr Xtanuiacture rs Cotton Yarn bjr Plan ters. The Washington Union, in copying the fol lowing communication from the N. Y. Courier and Ennuirer ; *tye: Some Uir ovr correspondent “ S.” wrote an article tor this payer on this subject, and gave the facts showing that some 400,000 bales of our cotton could be made into yarns at home, and exported ata iaree profit. The arti cle was widely copied at the time, and the cor rectness ol the positions tak- i seemed to be fudy admitted. The great fall in the price of t otton has drawn attention again to the subject, and an editorial recently appeared in the N. Y. Courier and Enquirer in reference to it. We copy below a letter to that paper, in which the extent and profit of me English cotton yarn are alluded to We have before shoun, by an enumeration ol all the items, that the cost of moving a pound of raw cotton, from the Mississippi cotton gm to the d -or of the mill at Manchester, Eng., is about four cents. For a less c st it can be made up at home into the average numbers oi cotton yarn. What folly to expend more capital and labor on the unnecessary carriage of the materi al and product, than would be required in all the processes of its fabrication. In a few years, comparatively, the cotton planters will be as fa miliar with the spinning frames as they are now with the cotton gm : . “ To the Editors of the Courier ana Enquirer. I have read with interest your article on the manufacture of cotton by the South, and, if the planters wtii act up to your suggestions, the value of our exports in cotton yarns and general cotton fabrics might be quadrupled. There is no mys’ery in the business of spinning yarns that need cause on*-planters to hesitate about em baying their capi aiin its manufacture ; it is simple, and only requires attention and care to produce what the great markets ot the conti nent < f Europe, China, and the West Indies call for, as respects an assortment, style of packing, &c., to give us ’hose markets. “ The cotton spinners of Lancashire (I mear. those who spin yarns for the export trade, not the weavers,) are among the most wealthy men of England- During the past two years, while our cotton manufacturing interest has languish ed, and has been profitless indeed, the spinners of Manchester have made large sums of money?’ Can we be acting with our boasted shrewd ness when we quietly yield rhe competition in twist to our great rivals, and suffer tnem to take th? profits and commissions that result from the business indicaied by the figures wh.ch I now give you, taken from customs returns, as fol owws, viz: Five months* exports to China from London, Liverpool and the -Clyde— from Ist January to 31st May, 1852,295,600 Five months’ exports to Calcutta for sam- time 6.911,920 Five months’ exports to Bombay for same time *1,781,800 Total 10,989 320 Here we have a total of nearly eleven millions of pounds of cotton twist exported to the East Indies and China during five months of this year, worth from 6| I. to IBd. sterling per pound. Ooserve that this is but one section of this enormous and lucrative trade. Ths ex ports to Germany ard other continental markets are vastly great. Now the raw cotton cost" from 3d to I. per pound, and we have had the great satisfaction of putting the-e profils Into the pockets of our friends a road, when we might have shared them ourselves. There is a gn at deal to be said on this subject and kindred topics, which my numerous engage ments will not permi. me fully to discuss during this hot weather 1 will barely hint at one plain and palpable reason why our cotton manufacturing friends ol New England have for the past ihrte years been so very unfortunate in the prosecution of their business, and it is thia-X/zey /mac not diversified their productions They have made no yarns— they have made Lui a small variety of coarse fab rics—consequently th ?y have overstocked the market, and prices have rated low, ruinously low. ft is pleasing to see the great Slate ol Georgia taking the lead in the Southern manu facturing interest. The labors of Senator Jam s, of Rhode Island, at the South and West have been useful in call ing the attention of our inends to the necessity of building up a great n.anufacturing interest among the producers of the raw material ; and before long they must become exporters of some thing besides. Mbhckamt. New York, July 16, 1851. Mr. Owen’s Defence* The following teller from Consul Owen to the editors of the Washington Republic, pre sente his defence for the consi<ieratioo of h e countryman: CONIULATK or THE UNITED ? Havana, Srpt, 16, 1851. $ To the Editor of the Republic—Sir In your weekly issue of the 23. h ult., you do ae the justice io object to uiy c ndemnaiion with out a heiring. toaiv dial I am probably able I? explain, *.o the titis ac ion of my countrymen my omission 'o act rotative to the execution i the prisoners who were shot here on the lC:h nil. Ida not doub that I shall satisfy every im partial mind it at I am un h-serving eensuru and that 1 had no opportunity of doing ant ting in behalf of the unfortunate men wi mi * '•ad a fate. 1 «ie about four miles from this place, ati not: ;ng well on the morning of the 16th, d • not reach my office 'ill some time afer te o'clock where lor the fi o' time I heard of d • capture of about fif’y of the men who ba come with Lopez to this Isfand iu the steam* Pampero. lat the same time heard that th pnsiners had been tried, found guilty, c >i demntd, ordered to be executed, the order I : their execution sent forwird, and that ll.t . were about being removed from the harb » where they were, to the place of execution Shortly afterwa ds, the American residi here, who it in said, called on me, Cime a: • men'ioned the subject to me, whsn I said . » him that it was too late, an! that 1 could nothing —that 1 should not have lime to permuxsio and see the prisoners Os tbi I felt perfectly sa isfied at tha time and I 1 since been confirm «d in this opinii n by h'ghest authority in the island, who info I me that the execution, which had already > ordered before 1 reached the city, waul >t have be m postponed lor me o have an < view with r e prisoners, inasmuch as 1 could have a-ked to be permitted to do J already been done by a gendeinan know aoniu ol the prisoners, and for whom the} I sent. Soon as er the America i referred to lef office, 1 received the information that a lieman known to some of the prisoners J been tent lor by them, and to him they ha livered th* ar idea and in adages they d< d to be conveyed to their tr ends, it wta a abort time afterward* thit I sent io the p e of the governor and capta n general, and * d ♦hat the prisoners had then been execute* . You will thus see that 1 had no time t< and that it was not n my pjwer to do y ihing for the unfortunate men who had aw induced to invade Cuba with the expet n that they would find the whole island in a it© of revolution, and that they would be rci d with open arms by the whole native p< , .fa tten at least. The charge of indifference to the dr- ifui condition of such a number of men, th I it terest enemy 1 have on earth will not be!' ; and all must believe it a bise falsehood a lau unfounded calumny. If it were allowable on such an occasi i I would moat solemnly declare before God. ’hat, in my judgment, at the time and under the Ci rcu aas lances it was not in my power tidier to have an interview with the prisoners rto have done anything iu their behalf i am, very reap' C’.fully, your obedien ser vant, A. F Owi.n. Traces of Sir John Franklin—-Aiaei lean ftuxpcditioiß. News from the Ameri an Explori ig E? »edi don to the 17th t 1850. has been rec uved in England, in a letter ad.tressed to the . dn.i ralty. It is iran*<ui.*ed b* the master o tie barque Tiue Love The persons vhose graves a r e meu ioned belonged to Frar din’s crew. Davis Straits July 24, lb 31. •’My Lords, may it p'eve your Lor -hips to reC’ive nt my hand* the enclosed tes>i(.iooy. received on the 12th ot July, of the Am< rican searching vessels ol the account of ther voy a/e in search of Sir John Franklin Ou the 13ih ol September 1850. (hey left all the Marching vessel* at Cape Martyrs, Cornwall!* Island, they nut being emb ed to pursue any further westward direction fro n that dale. A harbor called the Assistant Harbor, discovered by Captain Ommaney. three miles south of Cape Martyrs, was the place in selection of by (hem to winter in. The bay ice was form ing very strong al that time. yet the Advance and Rescue were determined to proceed homewards; but, unforuina ely, however, a gale sprung up and drove them up Wellington Channel fitly miles, and a to-wards they were frozen ir . The American, Capi De Haven, told me that the winter was very mild, and tha: he can give n » tu.iher particulars reapec Sir John Fratikhn Lan the enclosed account. He said he was dot. i mined :o go ;o the seat of search again after having wimeted ; and all the documents received from the Admiralty at d o hers 1 gave to him. ■ X MORAN* A. ** 1. On the 26; h ol August 1850. traces were found ( o tierU.waid ot For. Innin, We ling’on Channel, confirming those previous ) found at Cape K ay by Caoiam Ommannt-v. These consisted u fragment* of clo.Li.ig, pre served meat l ns. and scraps »f papers, one of these bearing the naive ci McDonald, medi caloftcer in the expedit on. * 2 On de27 h C*p‘. Penny’s parties reported grave-. I here were at once visaed bv Cap;. Ds Hiveu. Mr. P»nnv. and Dr Kine. T hey b- re respectively the na :»es of W. Braiue. R M and John Hartnell cf i.e Erebus, and John i omng on of the Terror, the date ot the ’a »*•: death being t’.e 3J of April. IM6. Added to these sad but uum-s' i kabie evidences were the remains of observa lory. c»rp«iue-s’ shop, and tnniren’s farg?. I pen the hill si le and beach were frag-nen;* -f wood, uietai and dotting uh stacks vs empty meat tins. Every thing indica td p rmai,.-t cy and orgauizsti *u. I'herecan be n<» do .bi thi; the cove between Cape Rdry and Bee< hy Uiaud, Hciog Ltucaster Sound, was the first winter si«ii O q v s m < e^,e is. On '.he i.. , o1 her ;he impervious ice of i.e Weii.*gon Channel underwent a eomp e e d .rapuou srd lhe 6n „ veraJ re '. el< pen»lr»:ed ,!». Cornwallis s:Je gu«h how «».r, w.» ih<. mpeiwTtv.. o charae er of he p,ck iu Lancaster Sound tha b, t h e ] Ottl ,| Sep etuber the errtre searchtnn Mjua iron w again concentrate !sb• ;t » tS son.h »f Griffith’s 1-land. This w I *' - attaine f by the American expedrion 1 e Is’es: dates from Cotnm dore Austin are of ,e 13 h of September • They were then in momentary especial n of mak ng w ner quarters, and it is prabs e that a small harbor discovered by Capt O - man: ey about ihr m.les ess of Caim - iyis, wnl be ibe ha.rii -e!ec:ej. Thence 3 American vema while proceeding bocnew were ’roitii ;n pp<>» e VV\ .iington Chau drif ing during ; r vuauu g winter from a 'udoof 75 dfii.br ugtiou:t -•?*’ vd» ta Bafta’s Bay /’Their liberation at ar m&eh exp »nrv trial. Uok vixeeon d e HMi . ! Jaae Idfi a pern; * ?nth ot Caps W> si ogham <5 3 a 1 IMmnu dr h er— »s. of iha >» - —WWW uiaL bwyW. man had marked scorbutic disease, ul tiu ceaths have occurred. The crews are now refreshed, and the expedition is endeavor mg to regain the seatofseaich I have, Arc “E. K. Kase, Surgeon ;o the Expedition. The Londe News if he 10th instant gi -es great imports ■ « to the-® notes, and says . “The inteln re <>( lrßC , ci S,r Jdh " Franklin and hi.<- mpamone ha. been scanned r-ith eagerneae by the veteran Arene explorer, now reposing on their laurels at Woolwich, and many of them are sanguine in the expec tation that they may yet have the pleasure o‘ welcoanng at leas' the surviving portion of tli. noble crews who left Woolwich in May, 1545, with the Erebus and Terror. It may be interesting t ■ know that the Royal Marine whsse grave was found was Sergeant William Braine, of the Woolwich division, who volun teered to proceed to the Arctic regions witn tbeexploriug party although he had only re cently returned from service in China.” It would be curious if the American expe dition should be the first to discover Sir John or his fate with certainty. Lancaster Ti aged,. Lssoilr-, Sept. 24.—The examinetion of i the prisoners brought here, charged with being ' concerned in the Christiana outrage, was re sumed a: the Court House al 9 o’clock this morning. Dr Pierce and Marshal Kline wars recalled, and after their examination the testimony of lhe Commonwealth closed. Hon. ’I haddeus Stevena opened for the de ' fence. Up to this time but six witnesses for the defence have been examined. The defence depends mainly upon the contradictory testi mony of the principal wi nesies for the Com monweahh John Carr and John S. Cochran both testified that Scott, who yesterday stated that ho saw Jon i Morgan cut Edward Gorsuch over the head with a corn cut'er, saw Mr G. shot, and -u. po-ed that Simms shot him, was in the house of Mr. Carr when the occurrence took place, three rapes distant. The Court ad joined till 2J P. M. Second Duv' tck.— The Commonwealth to day only examined one witness, and closed. Mr Stevens op-ned for the defence by staling that they will prove that Lewis and Hanaway were attracted to Parker’s by the firing, a-td did not counsel the resistance made by the blacks, and that they were not present at the lime of the murder. Ten witnesses were examined for the defence. Considerable discussion en sued relative to the admission of certain testi mony. At the dose, the defence rested their da'ence. The Commonwealth has two witnesses yet tn examine Mr. Th tmpson, the District At torney, has labored zealously in behalf of the laws of lhe State and the United States. While his whole course has been on the side of mercy, he has showed a just determination to upho d the supremacy of the laws. 1 see from the evidence adduced, that he will ask that the prisoners be commi ted to answer the charge of treason against the United States. The magistrate will give bis deci ion in the case to-morrow morning at nine o’clock. An other important arrest was made at Christiana ih.s morninr at ten o’clock. Sept. 25 —The magistrate has directed that the five persons, two white men named Lewis and Hanaway, and three colored, be committed io the custody of the U. S. marshal to be taken to Philadelphia, and there tried fur treason against lhe United Slates. The examination ol the thirteen remaining prisoners, blacks, has resulted in the discharge >f six, and lhe remainder to be taken to Phila delphia for trial. There was considerable disputation between cuunssl ar the winding up of the case, but the community are satisfied with the decision of the magistrate, and the excitement has subsid ed. PkiUdetphia, Sept. 25t&.—Eleven of the per sons in custody at Lancaster, charged with be g concerned in the Christiana outrage, iriclu ring Lewis and Hanaway, whits men, were brought to this city to-day to take their trial for treason. The rest were released. The Conflagration in Buffalo. Buffalo. Sept 26, 9 A. .U.—About 4 o’clock this morning a fire broke out iu a wooden building on Peacock street, situated m the centre of what is called “The Five Points.” A strong Suuth East wind was blowing at lhe time, and the buildings all being of wood, and very dry, the firesp ead with fearful rapidity, and in less than fifteen minu'es the entire block of buildings on Rock and Peacock streets, from the ship canal and Erie street to Evans street, was tn flirnes The fire then crossed Erie street and seized upon the large plauing mill of (he Messrs. Eaton. it then crossed the canal and Erie street bridge—sweeping every thing on the oppo site side ot lhe canal to the “Terrace”—thence down the Terrace to Mechanic siree’, on both sides of the canal. Here by great exertion ti e fire was cheeked. The number of buildings burned must be upward of five hundred, and the ground burn* ed over about thirty or forty acres. The brick school house on Erie street, in district No 2, was destroyed. The amount of lumber burnt in Messrs. Eaton’s mill aud yard was very large, as also in lhe yards of George Yowel, and Messrs. F irmer dk Deßlaquiere The buildings burnt were nearly all of wood. The number of tamilies turned out of homes is very great. Many of them barely escaped with their lives, so learlully rapid was the pro gress of the flame-. It is feared that a number of persons have been bnrneu to death, although no bodies have as yet been recovered. The loss ia estimated at ha f a million of dollars, ouly a small po’- tion of which is insured. The Great Earthquake at Naples. The Hon. E Joy Morris, the American Minister to Naples, n a letter addressed to the “Republic,” gives a minute account of tho terrible earhquake which occurred in tho western portion of the kingdom of Naples on the 14ih of July, by which some two thou sand five hundred lives were lot , and several towns either totally prostrated oi greatly dam aged. Mr. Morris says hit previous to lhe shock a small stream that runs near ti e city of Meifisuddenly disappeared, and add?: “At lhe first shock Melfi, which contains ten thousand inhabitants, was prostrated in the dust, notiiii’g but a tew < rumbling wails sur viving the general ruin An unknown num ber of its inhabitants were buried under Ike fall.ng mass of fabrics Up to lhe present tn » uient (August26th) seven hundred dead bo dies have been disinterred, and many oth rs are constan ly being found. More than lvo hundred person 1 lie in an adjacent hospi il, suffering under grievous wounds, while muny have been dug out alive from the runs. Amongst others, a female infant, a year < !d, after lying buried for two days, was brou .bl outliving and unharmed, and testored to hs afflicted mother, widowed by the Baton •alamily "The shucks and rumbling of the earth sti ' occasionally occurred at the lime of wriun ibie latter, and all eves were turned upon V« 1 suvius aa the aafety valve through which th 1 atruggliug fires might esotpe, although I < ocal signs were yet apparent. “ The neighboring towns of Atelia, Rior.cr >. Barile, and Rapolla are sufferers by the s convulsion. Ktonero ia a general wreck. n. a aound house remaining—more than a bund, I persona have here perished, ..nd as many h a been inaimed or wounded. In Banle, r,-j only ed.fice net entirely destroyed is t j orphan asylum, while the discovered dt . i amount to about ne hundred and fifty. . i the sommeaa of Bari, he towns of Cere > Minervini, Bpinaxxola, Andria, and Tr ,i were all injured more or less In Canta me ancient I'anonani, founded by Diom I and whose walls once enclosed a oircutolr .- eon miles, ihree hundred and seventy > t houses were thrown down. At the las re port'he shocks around Mount Vulture c ttnued, end on a halt of the city of Venn a the ancient t'euueia cont ining s’X ihousa I 1 inhabitants, and celebrated as the birinplact Horace, was destroyed Iho mountain pr - inces of the Abiuzxi and of Calabria, wu the earthquake of 1783 des royed three h dred cities sad buried tbtr y thousand hut ’ beings, nave thus far escaped.*’ Musical.— The first appearance of Mis* < . * trine Wuyes.—Tl'.e first concert of this emin vocalist was given in New York on Tues y . evening. The Courier thus speaks of it: The first display of Miss Hayes’ artistic po ers in America has proved to her a veritable t umph. Tilpler Hall never held a vaster or in enthusiastic audience than crowded its enti available space last evening. Though the pt lormancea throughout excited universal admit tion, the singing of Miss Hayes, of course w. the grand feature ot the occasion. Upon h first entry upon the stage, she was welcome with an outburst of spplsuso that continued see eral minutes, and a shower of boqueis fei around from all directions. The fair ar istc was evidently much affected by the warmth of hi reception. H.r winning countenance, suffused with emotion, and her uraeeful figure arrayed in simple white, had tally captivated all hearts, be tore a note had passed her lips. Iler singing in ■ all her five pieces perfectly sustained the high anticipations that had been formed of her. The two ‘n w Inch she especially move I her audience, were '‘The Harp that once through Tula’s Hulls,” and the “Ah Non Giunge,” from 'he SonnanTula The former was sung with a t>a hos that kept the audience, as it were, spell bound. The reflection that the lyre of the gs - edauthor was now more than mute —was broken forever —the thought that a thing of such gl nous beauty should meet so sad an end, lent to the song a double p'aintiveners. and the sweet ten der gushing sorrow of the fair daughter of Erm touched chords of sympathy in every bosom In "Ah non Giunge,” a very difficult piece of vocalisation, she excite! an admiration that ex pressed itself in perfect ru-ors of applause, and she *as most rapturously encored. Miss Hayes, though not vicing with the peerless Jenny Lind, . in bn.iiancy of tone aud clear ness of articulation has justly won the name of a first-rate artist. Her singing is wonde-fuily replete with feeling— paniculatL that ol a plaintive east, iler voice -a beautitul soprano -possesses great compass and expressiveness, and has been thoroughly disciplined uro the most complete control. She executes ehromat c passages and shakes wi.h rare precision, and she seems at esse in the most difficult intricacies of her music. She assuredly has a brilliant career before her in our country. Mr. Augustus Braham, the son of the great English tenor, sung with great effect, sadid also Mr Mengis. The oice ot the former is a rich tenor, possessing great range aud flexibilty, and hlscxecuu n, considering rhe short time he has appeared in public, has at'ained a hign degree of excellence. Both he and Mr. Mengis were hcar tilv applauded, and earnestly encored. Madame Maretxck, as she is always sure to do, pleased every one by her beautiful performances on the , harp. Take it ail in all, the new candidates for Amer , iCan javor could not have wished lor a more suc ccsdul dsbur. The git te I eaniat’ice especially is promised the addition in the New World of many . bright and enduring leal to .he laurels she laseisewfiereeo, snetddy and so worthily won. 1 tit’ Journal of l ommerce ssa • She sang splendidly s htr voice isinconceiva yfi and ot a quality a d purity so rare and ■eeti’ul that it strikes the hear at once. It is sympathetic- Sbewaa encored in every us*. ■ het banade seemed to touch every heart, » d. ’hdaed> wc never heard »o ranch passion and tech iosiint thrown into a simple melody The readings wore new, aha UMy were -» x» eew At the end ot the ballad w • M—trhiik, • yimill vroatb pi . rei was inrown to her, and the public would not bo satisfied until she placed it around her fair and klndlybrow. The triumph of Mies Hayeswas complete and perfect, and she will doubtless cre ate a great sensation in the public mind, and draw thousands a night as in the case of Jenny Lind. The audience one and all seemed to be affected by her singing, they did not only wonder —they felt—and that will prove lhe surest attrac tion. Miss Hayes possesses a fine, showy p r son. Her hair is a dark auburn, and her face has a pleasing, sunny expression. She wore a white satin skirt, under a lace tunic looped up with flowers The neck of the dress was also border ed with a wreath, in which green, the emblem of her country, greatly predominated. tot ujl’eizt v 1 Jtt£ W £££.<£ 1 CHRONICLE & SENTINEL BY WILLIAM 3. JONEF. TWO DOLLARS PER ANNUM, INVARIABLY IN ADVANCE. DAILY, TRI-WEEKLY & WEEKLY. Officein Railroad Bank Buildings. DAILY PAPER, perannuna (sentby mail,) <7 00 TRI WEEKLY “ “ 400 WEEKLY PAPER “ 8 00 AUGUSTA, GA.: WEDNESDAY MORNING,;.... OCT. 1. SAMUEL BARNETT, Associate Editor. Constitutional Union Nomination. FOR GOVERNOR. HON- HOWELL COBB For Representative from Btlx District t HON. ROBERT TOOMBS. CONGRESSIONAL DELEGATION. First Dist.—CHARLES H. HOPKINS, of Mclntosh. Szcond District —JAM ES JOHNSON, of Muscogee. Third Dist —ABSALOM H. CHAPPELL, of Bibb. Fourth Dhtrict. —CHARLES MURPHY, of DeKalb. Fifth District.— E. W. CHASTAIN, of Gilmer. Sixth District —J UNI U S HI L LYER, of Wa'ton. Szvefth District —A. 11. STEPHENS, of Taliaferro. Eighth District -tt O B E R T TOOMBS, of Wilkes. For Senator from Itlelimond and Co lumbia. ANDREW J. MILLER. For Re resentatlve. from Richmond 1 JOHN MILLEDGE, ALEXANDER C. WALKER. To the P011,..T0 the Poll,, As we shall not again have an opportunity to speak to the great maas of our readers prior to the election on Monday next, we avail our selves of the occasion to addreis to our friends a few words to urge them to the discharge of their high sod responaible duties as Georgians, Americans and Freemen, who desire to per petuate Liberty, the Constitution, and the Union. The time for argument and the discussion Os the great principles involved in the contes have now passed, and nothing remains to be per formed but to exercise the highest and noblest privilege ofa Fteeman—the elec’ive franchise. That should be performed with an eye single to tha great interests of the country, the whole country, and the preservation of the sacred institutions of our fathers. No per sona! considerations, however high, no ties however close, whether of persona! friendship or «onsanguinity, shou d influence any t an’s vote in a contest like th ; s Every man who is influenced by principle should so cast his vote as to carry out his principles, and under no circumstances vote for one opposed to him If you are a friend of the Union suppor the Union candidates, and repudiate the star), dard bearers of thv disuniouists. Thia is your duty to yourselves, your principles, and your country, and if you fail to discharge it, you are culpable—you trifle with your privileges, your liberties and the great principles involv edin this contest. No man is fit to represent you, if you are influenced by principles, who will not carry out those principles, end you should not vote for him whatever your rela tione or ties. Thus much in reference to your duty in this particular. Let ui now invoke you not to neg lect to cast your votes. You are contending wi'h a vigilant wily adversary, whose studious ly concealed purpose is the dissolu’ion of the Un : or. of these States, and the establishment of a petty Southern Confederacy, and you should not only vote yourselves, but see that your neighbors and friends also discharge their duties. Go then to the polls—urge your friends to do likewise, and unite in a common effort not only to preserve your Liber ies, the Constitu tion and the Union, but to put down the agita tors and Disunionists, whose highest ambition and secret purpose are to destroy all. Dinner to Mr* Toombs. Thz Barbecue given to the Hon. Robert Toombs, which came off Friday at the City Hall Park, was altogether a very superb affair, whe her we contemplate the number of persons present, the excellence and bounteousnsss of the dinner, or the admirable spesch of the distinguished guest. The anticipated pleasure was, however, in some degree disappointed by the non appear ance of those speakers of the opposition, who had been invited, and who it was fondly hoped would be present, to participate in the discus sion. None of them came, however, nor were they heard from, except Col. McMillan, tne disunion candidate for Congress, who sent to the Committee a certificate of his physician that he was unable to attend. Whether the distinguished gentleman (f) im ‘gine J that it was a grand court f inquiry to pass upon hissins of commission or omis sion during the canvass, and deemed a certifi cate necessary to excuse his non appearance, we know not, certain it is, however, the certi- Cca.e was produced and read. Rather an unfortunate sequel to the boasted desire of the disunionists in thiscity, to enter the list of free discussion The audience, which was very large for a county meeting, com nenced assembling soon after 11 o’clock, and at 12, Mr. Toombs took the stand, and occupied it for two hours in one of ths ablest and most masterly efforts we have ever heard from him. He made no effort at display, the whole energy of his powerful mind was directed to the elucidation of the great question at issue. It was throughout a speech ?f great power. Jist ngtiished for its clear and lucid illustration of lire slavery question from the foundation of the government and its s'osely reasoned argu ment in support of the adjustment measures of the last Congress, in which he triumphant !y vindicated his own course throughout the progress of the whole controversy, and the wi’dom and patriotism of the Union party of fteorgia in their acquiescence in those meas ores. He was listened to throughout with the most aaarked and respectful attention -indeed, so aserked was it, that the audience in their anxie ty to catch every word scarcely applauded d r ring its delivery. When he concluded, dinner was announced, and the immense crowd, among wnotn we wore very much pleased to observe a number of ladies repaired to tbe Academy grove, just •cross the street, and partook ofthe sutnptu ous repast, which it is but faint ptaise to say reflected great credit upon the commit ee charged with getting it up. That disposed of, a large portion of the audience r.i-assembled at the stand, and were addressed by Col. JlmitMt, Jous Phiwixt Jr. Esq., and th i Hon. A J. Miller but a, our bn-iness prevented our remaining, we did nol bear the speeches of either of these gen tlemen. We learn, however, that our friend Putßixv. who accepts I the invitation of the Committee, extended in the outset to any of the opposition to par icipate m the discussion, ac quitted himself very creditably—making the beet of abba a very tad cause. No Small Pox. We take great pleasure in calling the atten tion of the public to the report of Dr. Dux l«s. Chair . an of the health Committee, in which the agreeable intelligence is announced that there are no eases of Small Pox or Vario laid in the city. Ovvws or Tax Boxas or Hsalth, { Augusta, Sept. 30, 1851. j Since ray report on the Is’h inst., no new cases of -’waft Pox or Varioloid have occurred. The eiiy is entirely free from those diseases, and from the tixe that has elapsed since the breaking out of the last oases 1 Lei warranted in saying that I believe we shall have no more Smalt Pox or Varioloid in Augusta, unless brought from other places Persons may visit he city without fear of any Small Pox, as the liisesse bos entirely disappeared MM. E. DsablNO, Chairman Board of Health Makxixg Nxwsrarxßs The Post Master General has decided that it is lawful for pub lishers of newspapers, or others, “to draw a marg over an a-iver isement 'or the purpose of directing at ention to it.” This decision has been civen in reply to a communication from the Chamber of Commerce, informing .he pea. Master General mat some postmasters bad so construed the existing law as to subject Mwepapen eontatoing advt thoa liked o 'r-twepostage!—Uwe Gucmu. The True Doctrine of S eea.lon In a ! Nutshell, When n q ies i. >a urines between two nations, which cf them hu the ezclus.ve right of dec ding it I Let the question be pondered as long as it fflay—and the absurdity of the question will continually become more glaring Repeat it in a different f;rm In a case of compact between psrties having no common umpire, which party his the exclusive right of interpretin'* the compact? Neither par y. The sheer, absolute absur dity of claiming for either party, the exclusive right of judgment has never been perpetrated by any wrier upon national la v—or the law of contracts. It is upon this miserable absur dity, however, that Gov. McDonald bases his view of the right of Secession. The true doctrine was laid down by Mr. Jefferson in the Kentucky resolutions, in’he following words: “In all cases of compact among parties hav ing no common judge, party has an equal right to judge for itself, es well of infractions, an of the mode and measure of redress ” Neither party is bound by lhe decision of the other. Each party judges for i self, as well of the infraction as of the .node and measure of redress, i. e. judges and acts for itself. Who aro the parties 1 “To this compact (the Cor: slim .ion) each State acceded as a State, and is aa integral par y, its co States forming as to itsel , the other party.” The question “who is the proper judge ?” is very ditlerenl from “what is the proper de cision ? ” The proper decision can be but one. So long as ni’iotH or parties have no common umpire, however, so long must ’here be two judges of controversies between them. So long as men are fallible—not o say di honest —so long may the decisions of these two judges differ. That o Jy one of the decisions on a single point can bo righ , is most true. But who shall say which that is? By the very terms of the investigation wo are pursuing, there is no common umpire. If the one party has supe rior claims to the right of exclusive judgment, what are these claims? On whit do they rest? If in the case of a seceding State and its co-States, the federal claim (which gives lhe general Government the exclusive right,) be unfounded, because destructive of State So vereignty, so the claim of the exclusive right in the seceding State is equally objectionable, as absorbing the delegated powers. It is the right of ‘ mutual control'' Hone, which keeps the sy tern properly balanced. In averting the equal right ol jidgmen*, the Kentucky re solutions did bur deciare a great principle of public lav, and common sense. This very responsibility for its judgment w s pronounced by Gov. Trouf “one oi he great securities against hasty and precipi J e action on the part of the S ates.” Another great cause o. muddy conceptions, is the confounding of t two questions. “Is Secession a peaceable remedy?” aud “ought it to bx peaceable: ” The ground on which the answer to the 'at ter question rests, is not to be found in lhe de nial to the cj-Sia’es, the right of judg : ng at all—but the right of juJging dishonestly and falsely. Secession is of r ght, and ought to he in fact, a peaceable remedy, when founded on just cause. Now there are two judges of tne justice of the cause. If the cruse is really just, then the Secession ought to be peaceful —and to attempt prevention, would be grossly unjus* ar.d oppressive But (ho parties may differ—even honestly—upon it e justice of the cause. Bo h are bound so far as nation? can be bound to any thing, to dec de bone-lly and justly. And let Pbe observed that tha decision of the practical question ‘‘Shall it be peaceable T' 1 is dependent to t on the party seceding alone, but equally on the other paity who is to con trol the latter ? The decision of the eecedin? party cannot control it. What ctn? Noth ing but good faith—and good conscience—the sentiment of other na’ions—the right of self defence in the other parly —in a word, the usual restraints upon nations engaged in a controversy. The Texas Boundary BUI. Upon this subject the Co isti'utionaliat, says : “ If she (Texts) did not accede to the terms of the stronger party, she would have been forced to part with her territory, or maintain her jutudie.irn over it at the point of Hie bayonet against the vastly superior power ofthe Federal Govern neot.” To fortify die above asser ion, it occupies a column. Now that paper knows—and every body knows—th it tha position of the administra tion w w taken only for the interval required for the decision of the question of title. The quotations it furnishes, themselves prove thia “Until it is decided by competent authority’ was the limit of ’.ho time referred to by the Administration. The means ihe Administra tion proposed to adopt we-e clearly shown by Mr. Stephens (and by Mr. Tcombj al.-o in an able out uupubl.shed speech) to be ille gal. But the-e means were contetnpliled only for ihe time as above limited. T e tern porary suapen, on of the ciaim of Texas was all that ever the erroneous action of ihe Ad min.siration demanded Even during this temporary suspension, Texas was not without the assurance o aid against the exerciso of usurped power. It is idle to sxy that the tem porary sispension of her claim yendents lite (during the decision of the controversy) forced Texas to part with her territory. The article of September 21st, is a tissue of fallacies scarcely plaurible. The Ch-onicU did not assert, as stated by tl c Constitutionalist, that "the part of Texas cut off carries the na'.itutmn of slavery into thu whole territory ’ It only asserted that it wou'd "extend the laws tolera.ing slavery, i r it needed extensicn.” The 11 ecn-is ency alluded to by the Con stitutionalist, exists therefore, not between two of our eta’imants, but between one of our statements, and its own mis epre entation of another. Tne Slate Constitution prohtbi ing slavery referred to by the Constitnti analist, has no efficacy whatever, and tha- paper knows it bai none. Any present di,position of the inhat i tsets to pro ibit slavery is restrained from doing us injury by tha express provision of the bill, prohibiting legislation on that subject by the Ter.-itoria Government When appli cation is made for admws.on, the State can come in with or without slavery, as ir may prefer. We repeat, that to have compelled an un willing connexion with Tetas, would have been unnec-asary to the latter, and prejudi cialtoboth. The character of the slave laws is not affected by the transfer, and cannot be altered un'il the admission of the Territory a. a State. The Constitutionalist cannot deny that the bill was passed by a majority of Southern men. Thia significant fact it endeavors to make null by the singular argument that the Southern men voting for it, were "Constitu tional Union and Compromise men ’’ This is equivalent to the argument, that it proves nothing to say it was passed by a majority of Southern votes, because it was only voted for by those who voted for it. We argue that it is nut a great grievance inflicted upon ns— force* o ns, because we are a minority in Federal numbers—since we did not use the Federal strength we really possessed to defeat it. The reply 'hat the Southern men voting for it were “Compromise men” is certainly novel ingenious, and intrepid. Jcdsb Bgastßs- —Hrs Position.—A personal friend of Ibis gan'Jeann residing in dilledgerille, rrq tested ns to say. that the report that Judge Ber rien had expressed hie determination to rote for Mr. Gobb for governor, is an unauthorised statement. We were tarred with a perusal of the letter of Judee Berrien to the gentlemen a bore alluded to, and we are happy In make thia correction.—FkUt al Union. We doubted the correctness of the report alluded to when we first saw it, and we are glad to see that Jcbgk Bkrrixx has been so industrious in contradicting what the Federal Union considers a calumny. His prompt con tradiction will lease no doubt as to his real po sition, and the Union men of Georgia will know whtt place to assign him. Bars Bcrmt. —We regret to learn that the barn on the farm of Dr. I. P. Gartut. near he city, with all its contents, was consumed yea erday afternoon, by fire. In it was stored his entire crop of fodder and a large portiot of his corn crop, which bad just been gathered. We did cot learn how the fire originated. New Post Orrtcxs—Toe following new Post Offices have bean established in Georgia : Juno. Lumpk n county, Wm. Bart. P M Martin's Store. Macon county, A, J. Easom, P. M Reynolds Houston county—Thomas Lewis, P. M Sterling, Montgomery county—William A McLeod. P. M. Toombs, Richmond eountv —James Palmer, P. M. Through a private le’ter from Athene we 'earn that workmen employed four miles from the city, in draining he field of Marathon, found the place of sepal ure of the warriors who fell sere in the memorable battle 490 years before tho birth of Cbriet. L»«d«a Monnag ctremJi “State Rights In 1833.” There ii no ambiguity in the resolutions of the Slate Rights partv, passed in Mi hdgevillo in Nov. 1833. As that meeting denied a par ticular proposition of tho proclamation of Gon. Jacks! n, it affirmed the converse to be true. We gave in our former article the pro per and logical converse. To deny this, is to make an attack not upon us, but upon the principles of logic and common sense. The genial in tin proclamat on of lhe right of secession “under any circumstances what ever”—is eq rivalent to tho affirmation that “there arc circumstances in which the State would have the right to secede.” We admit it. We believe there an circumstances which wouldjustify it—and that, notwithstanding lhe unity of the nation would ba thereby destroy ed. The Constitutionalist does not state the logical converse of the proposition. Omitting the word* “there are circumstances under which the State would have the right”—it as serts the broad, general, and unqualified pro position, that “t ie State has a right to secede, notwithstanding it will destroy the unity of the nation,” If it meant the Slate had this right always and under all circumstances whatever, no principle of correct reasoning will sustain the de faction. It it meant only what we admit ted, why did it attack our admission ? The truth is, it meant the former, and has run a tilt against well established rules of reasoning. That the right to secede at all would not exist, unless the States we e sovereign, is very obvious Tha naked assertion of “the right to secede by virtue of sovereignty, ’ however, is intended to mislead, by in facing the belief that nothing else bjsides “sovereignly” is necessary to confer the right. A sovereign State has, under proper circumstances, the right to secede—while a <-Jnty, because it lacks sovereignty has not ths right. Sovereign ty is necessary to secession, but does not, of itself aloue, c infer the right of secession. His office confers on aa officer of the law, the right to hangs nuinsn being—under certain circumstanoe-t, however, and not at his own discretion. His office is necessary to protect him from guilt—but he may not by virtue ol his office hang whom he pleases, and when he pleases. The proposition is true when pro perly qua ified—untrue in the sense in which the Constitutionalist would have it under stood. From our denial of its 9 t h and 10th propo sitions, the Consrimtionalist infers that we hold aac.srion not to be a peaceable right We will take the pains to explain with some precision, the correct view of this subject. We stated ia a former article that we would comment on any attempt to mystify it. Secession for just cause is, {or at least ought to be,) a peaceable right. It gives the re maining States no right to make war If they do make wa’, notwithstanding this, their pio cedure is unjust and tyrannical. Secession without just cause, is not a peacea ble right, in other words, it is an act furnishing to the remaining States the legal right to make * ar. Still they are not under oMtgatfantto make war—considerations of policy—of kind feeling—of respect to honest error in the opinions of the people of lhe seceding Sla’e— many considera'.iors may restrain them from the exercise of a e'ear political right. Wherein then do we differ from the Consti tutionalist ? Ist. hi our opinion, as to the occasion au thorixiag secession, it believes that a State can secede ‘ by virtue of its sovereignty”— and adds no condition We believe that there are cir 'Utnstanees in wh‘ch the State hss the right to secede—and that there are others in which it Ii s not the right, and subjects itaelf by secession to war. Mr. Calhoum, Gov. Troup, the most distinguished S ate Rights tn-jii, believed the teceding Sta e responsible fur secession 2d. It is possible it may hold the same opinion with Gov. .McDonald, as to the right of the oth :r States to judge of their course in the ooirroversy, i. e , it may deny them any such righ:. We hold this denial to be simply absurd. It denies to the Constitution even the effectof an ordinary treaty. The belie lof such a doctrine arises from lhe most inade quate and puer lu notions of the most ordina ry laws which regulate the intercourse of na tions. Tne party which censured »he proclam Hion <nd force bill, held them unconstitu.ional and void. Violations of the constitution we too t old to furnish just ground of secession—and opposition to secession on such ground to be “a glaring infraction of State Right*, and a gross outrage upon the liberties of (he people ” -Suppose « citizen of the Sandwich Islands, in a controversy wi h France, to hold not merely (hat Franca was nnjus’ in making war upon an insufficient groun I—but to go farther and assert that France had no right to judge of occasions of war. Such an Inlander might aay that rhe equal right )f France being admitted, there was no longer any safe guard for the liberties of the Sandwich l/ands The equal rig’’ t to judge on the Dart of Franca, would not thereby be destroyed, however. in reply to the epit ets, “muddy and ob scare ’ applied to our reasoning by the Con stitutionalist, we had perhaps, better say noth ing. The subject is an abstract arid abstrue one There may have been reasons for its failing to see to lhe bottom of it, clher than the rtuddiness and obscurity of the medium through which it locked. The handsome allusion to its own monumen tal position—a standing rebuke to apostates— has in it but t>o much truth (of a Pickwickian sort.) Judging from the specimeni our co lumns have recently afforded of its total and final apoeticy fr »m its former favorite doc trines, it does stand a melancholy rebuke to po'fttcal apostates- detected, exposed, and on most prints, Speechless Political Candor. Dumito the progress of ths canvass io Ala batna, a ra'her remarkable int'ance of political candor occurrtd at Cahawba. A meeting of Becessioniss was addressed by Mr G. W. Gates, ooe of the most ultri disunion men in the whole State. Mr. Gatlb concluded his remarks by introducing the following resolu tion : “ Kesolved, That we approve of the Montgomery Platforin, but we are afraid to run candidates cn it!’* The Montgomery Platform here alluded to, declared that secession was "only a question of time.’ But the builders of the platform soon discovered that the patriotic people of that Blate would not tolerate any such hereby, and in their anxiety for the spoils, a large portion of them abandoned it. Mr Gath seeing this, and feeling indignant at their base desertion of their deliberately proclaimed opinions, (for miny of them, like their associates in Georgia, suddenly avowed their devotion to the Union,) introduced the resolution above. The same party in Georgia have been guilty of a like abandonment of the principles with which they set out last year. They opened the bah at Macon in a Meeting over which Governor McDonald presided, in which disu nion was openly pr claimed by the ape kersand most vociferously applauded by those present. Indeed,so apparent was their purpose to dis solve the Union, that their Secretary, Thomas Hakdihas, published a card in which he absolved himself from all connection with the party. Again, the Nashville Convention assembled, and so bold were the actors in she avowal of tneir treasonable designs, that the President, Judge Shsrxit, refused to call or preside over the second meeting of the body, and hat du.ydevolved upon Charles J. McDosvld one of the Vice Presidents. They adop'ed a series of resolutions, looking to a dissolution of the Union, and as tbe meaa of accomplish ing the object, a Southern Congress was recommend ad, to provide for the future in dependence of tbe South This measure Gov. MoDosaLD fully approved, and on his re turn to Georgia issued an address to the peo pie, urging upon them to send de'egates to that Congress. And like him his entire party in the State endorsed and approved the action of the Convention. Now, however, having discovered by the November election that the intelligent and patriotic voters of the State would not counte nance any such treasonable acts, they have very suddenly become the most devoted frier da of the Union — jo servile in their devo tion that they are willing to submit to ■ degra datim" rather than dissolve it —in short accor ding to their own accounts, are • much bet er Union men th-n lhe Union party of the State ” Such are the mutations of that party witbin a short year, and they now have lhe cool impu dence to ark the people to confer their suffrage upon Charles J McDonald for tbe first office in the y gift— 3 man "ho, within a year, has been a Federalist of the deepest dye. a secessionist and anarchist, a submissionist so servile that he would submit to “degradation' rather than dissolve the Union, and now affects to be s good Union man, while his friends in various sections of the State have claimed for him every hue and shade of poii tical opinion, as b:-st suited the particular lo cality. Voters cf Georgia, sueh is the man for whom you are asked to vote for Governor. Mark mas and repudiate him. I The Compromise Measures. The following admirable defence of eich of "the acH of the late Congress, known as the Con promise measures/’ has been culled from the columns of a political journal once published in this city, entitled the Georgia Constitutionalist. This journal had a high reputation in its day, with its party as an exponent of the principle* of the Democratic party. It will be observed that the opinions ol that party on the agitating ques ion of slavery, coincided with singular accuracy wi h the principles now advocated by the Union party The posi ion cf ihe paper then published, on J the California, Texas, New Mexico and Utah bills, and on the bill abolishing the Slave Trade in the District of Columbia, are taken with great clearness, and will be found admirably sustained by argument. Nor is the view taken of these measures at all ultra—for while they are defended, the writer evidently, in the language of the Georgia Platform, "finds matter for objection and matter for approval.’ It will be observed that the Georgia Constitu. tionalist also took very high ground in favor of non-intervention, a doctrine in those by gone days very popular with the Democratic party. It is deeply to be regretted that no paper of the name, advocatipg the principles set for ii in the ensuing extracts, is now pub lished in this city. It would be a formidable opponent to the dangerous tendencies of the Southern Rights organization : From ths Constitutionals t, May 22 “The Compromisb —The following is sent us by a gentleman of considerable ability and reputation in this State, in a letter inclosing us two dollars. It is accompanied by the following requests: ‘insert, and please comment, and send me your paper.’ We have received a few more letters' of the same sort from different sections ol the State. Mr. Gabdnbr : —Why is the Southern press si lent at this most important juncture? Why is not Randolph of Roanoake re-published and sustained by all tie Southern presses? Why do not you Editors expose the gross injustice of admitting California an 1 rejecting Deseret? Why do you not place in strong colors and bold relief the damning disgrace, the deep dishonor on our character, the indelible s ain on our escutcheon, to bave it proclaimed to the nations of the world that California was admitted because she excluded the South, and Deseretex eluded because sb ; admitted the South, and that the craven, pusilaniraous, cowardly, degenerate South, quailed before her enemies, surrendered her honor, and basely suffered her friends shut out and her foes brought in ? Great God 1 What will the world say of us? From what race are we sprung, and what lower state of infamy will we be required to pass through to convince the world how much more patient we can be ttian Job—how far more meek and forbear ing than the Saints? But enough, enough, my God, enough! Kossuth. We fear our correspon lent will think that he has made a bad investment of his money. There are features of the Compromise which taken alone, are very worthy of denunciation, and all that. Some of them are so obnoxious to the South that we hope to see them modified by the action of the moders (e and conservative men of all sections, with a view to allay irritation and render it, as a whole, more acceptable to the slave-holding States. But there are S'-me features in this compromise as regards the territories which resemble too closely those of the Clayton Compromise to entitle it to ui qualified denunciation <roiu us. Those who de nounced Mr. Stephens so unsparingly for defeating the Clayion Compromise Bill, and Toombs, Hilliard, Pendleton, and others for aiding and at etting him, should be a little considerate of their own position now. Those who denounced Mr. Winthrop for his deci sion on a point of order by which Walker’s amend ment to the civil and diplomatic appropriation bill was defeated in the House, should be less furious in their denunciations of the proposed adjustment. Clayton’s bill left the question whether slavery could be rightfully hel j in ihe territories, to be de cided ty the Federal Courts. It was made a judi cial question whether the Constitution of the United S'ales did not carry slavery into the c mm on territo ries acquired by c nquest and cession, and project slaves as property there as fully as any other kind of property. Under the present proposed compromise, this too is to be left to judicial construction. Thin was satis tactoiy to the advocitesol the Clayton Compromise in 1843. Why should it not be now ? In Walker’s am*ndment to the appropriation bill, the territorial hgirlaturcs were lestricted from pas sing laws respec ing African slavery. This (eat re is contained in the rreaent s heme of compromise. It was popular with the c outhern advoates of that amendment in 1849 Why should it not Le now? It is now insisted tint the Missouri Compromise line should be extended to the Pacific by the bitterest Southern opponents cf the present compromise in Georgia. Those very persons a few mouths, even weeks sgo, repudiated and denounced all compro mise, even .hat compromise, as a surrender of South ern lights without an equivalent. Tuey insisted on non intervetniop—ille do trine of Gen. Cass. But the Compromise proposes the ad i ission of Caiiioinia with all her boundaries, and with her anti-slavery constitution. There are grave objec tions to the manner in which she has been organised as a Slate, end her territorial limits are enormous And unreasonable. But will curtailing her limits curtail the area of free soil, and extend the area of slavery ? That is the practical question. Now it is well ascertained that no pirt of Califor nia north or south of any given line will ever be territory, ft cannot be made so against the in terests and wishes of the people. They have decid ed not to have slavery there as a social institution. The De uocratic d< ctrine is, that the people are to be left free to decide that question for themselves ” "As to ihe Texas Boundary question, it is sufficient to say it is a matter of ires choice for Texas to de cile to accept the terms, or not, as -he pleases, which are offeroi by the scheme of Compromise, Sue is not required - she is not to Le forced to part with any portion of her Territory. “ A* regards the proposed law in relation to the Slave Trade in the District of Columbia, it is the same that prevails in Maryland, and did prevail in Georgia until it was repealed at the hist session. It is n fact the law of Maryland, a slave State, ex tended to the 1 ietiict of C Itiinb'a by authority of Congress, which was competent for that purpose. The fugitive slave bill is so 'nettling towards se curing the rights of owners cf runaway slaves if it can be enforced. It has objection- ble featuree in it, inasmuch ua they aie mortifying t» the pride of the owners. First a- to the Bo nd required oi the owner. Second, as to the trial by jury awarded to the re captured slave. A southern man dreg not relish being compelled to give bonds on which be is liable to be sued by cne be clains to be his slav? ; nor to b: arraigned before a Jury to coole-t a question of right with him. But it is e'eir if the re-captured fugitive, is re ally his slate, the bond will never be sued, nor will the Jury ever be called on to try the question of right. “In conclusion, we refer our correspondent, “Kossuth,” to an article we publish to-day irom the New York Evening Post, to see the comments made by the free eoilers of the Nor’h, on a measure he so bitterly denounces. The Post says the compromise cheaie the North most shockingly “Kossuth” says it cheats the South most infamously. The truth lies somewhere between these extremes. Txnnessrb Glass Works. These have been in successful operation for two or three weeks past, nder the lease and management of Mr. Lea. He ha? already a vzri-.-ty of quilities and sizes of glass reaily packed in boxes for sale. The reople of East fennessee. Nor h Alabama and Georgia, may rslv □ pen it that ih«y can get bet er and cheaper glass at this point than in any other market The glass made at these works is far superior to the ordicary glass brought from Pi’tibirg. It is not only clearer, but is freer from tb-.se delect* lhatcause glass to break easily. Let us all reset ve to encourage home man ufacture?, and we will in the end be greatly the gainer. Send in ) our orders from EaM Tenressee, Alabama and Georgia. They will be attended to promptly, an J our word f>r it, if you try the class tr?rn Mr. 1 ea’s factory once, you will patronizs it ever afterwards Southern men of Georgia and Alabama, give him a risi.—Knotvilie Register. If our Enst Tennessee friends would intro duce iheir Glass in Ge;rgia,the Proprie'ors should promptly establish agents in Savannah, Macon, Columbus, Augusta, &,c. and come directly in competition with the Pittsburg and other Northern made Glass, by selling at the same prices for the same qualities of goods. There is every disposition among all classes to buy ihe products of Southern manufactories, a. the same prices, and i' the Tennessee Glass is thus offered, :hey can supply the entire demand if the company can make as much. Healf’b Picture of Webster.—A corres pondent of the New York Express, writing from Boston, says: “While conversing with Mr. Healy to day, I was informed by him that he had been engaged □ pon this painting tor a period of four ye rs I s value is SIO,OOO. .Many reports have gone ab’oad concerning its final destination, but the 'ruth of ihe matter is this: He tells me that it is his property —that he intends to exhibit it in must nil of the main cities in the United S:a es, and afterthat it is to be purchased and present ed to the city of Boston, and placed within the walls of Faneuil Hall. This is the brigand short of it. May the artist reap a golden re ward for hi? efforts.” The Texan Public Debt.—The following officii decision in the matter of the Public Deb: of Texas will be of deep in’.e’est to a large class of readers, whether interested or not in its effect: Treasury Department, ? September 15, ) Sir: The President has decided in the mat ter of the Texan Pubi c Debt: Firs:, that on'y five millions of stock can be delivered to Texas until releases, as provided in the act of Con gress of the 9th of September, 1850, are filed in the Treasury Department for ad that portion of said debt which issued prior to :he 14 b Janiary, 1810 : as in his judgment the act of the Republic of Texas of the 14 h January, 1840, specially pledges the duties on impo ts for al! the public debt of Texas create ! prior to the passage of that act Second. That all the issues of Texas bends, certificates of stock, or note* made receivable for ’ all public dues,” are claims for which the duties on imports are pledged within the meaning of the act of Contre s of the 9th of September. 1850; and releases of all such must be filedin the Treasury Department, as provided in the last-narn d act, before he can beju-tifieJ in delivering the remaining five millions of stock to the authorities of Texas. The President has instructed me to comma nxate this decision to you, in compliance with your request made in behalf of the creditors of Texas. Very truly, your obedie t servant, Tao. Corwin Sec. of the Treasury. Gen. James Hamilton, Chairman Com. of Credr.ors of Texas Savannah Georgia*—Mr Cobb—The Savannah Georgian of yesterday, alludes to the Central Bank deb*, of Mr. Cobb and like the Federal Union, its correspondent is very careful cot o tell the whoia truth— .hat would not serve the purposes of those who would commit a fraud upon the people. Will the Georgian purge itself of beieg a party to such a contemptible trick by publishing Mr. Cobb’s letter ? Cincinnati. Sept. 25 n.—Several Cholera dea ba have occurred at Madison, Indiana. Tile “Best Union Men.” Men “to whose defeat we are indebted for i the existence of the Union this day/’ are now the bait Union men in Georgia We have not faith in them, even as a grain of mustard seed. Met in Convention, they set forth “the claim of the Union to their hostility” in the tnos unmeasured terms. Selecting a candidate, they pat forth as the standard bearer of their principles the President of the Nashville Con vention. Choosing their own issues (and meeting in advance of the Union Convention, by a forced march, and a change of appointed time for that purpose,) they set forth the on | limited, unrestricted right ol Secession. For what purpose ? The Georgia Platform seem ed a movement towards uniting the South But it was to unite it for Union, until Dis union became inevitable. “Ra her, remain divided/’ was the voice of their Convention, and with their incantations they raised the dead, and Io! the Bank stood before us a living issue The State of Georgia “ will and ought to resist, even (as a last resort) to the disrup tion of every tie which binds her to the U r «ion‘* certain threatened aggressions. So said the Georgia Platform. This would have seamed calculated to secure the union and co-opera tion of friends of Southern Rights. But no. We will divide, if possible upon names. If you fail to call resistance secession, you have no privilege to co-operate with us. Amid the din of objurgation and discontent, no voice reaches us as to a remedy. In vain have we repeated the question “what redress for the past—what point of resistance for the future, do you or your pa* ty propose?” to a leading Southern Rights paper. In vain have we explicitly charged the party Convention, and the party, with proposing no redress—no resistance. The remedy yet remains to be told. The Nashville Convention was forward to tell it. The answers of the Columbus Timex, the Savannah Georgian, the Columbus Senti nel, the Federal Union, were explicit enough before the last election. They have bated their breath now. The Constitutionalist had a remedy once— nay, a variety of remedies. The Republic had a remedy. We have been endeavoring to arrive at the remedy of the Constitutionalist ft Repub* he s'nee their combination. The singular chemical phenomenon seems to have been ex hibited in relation to the remedies of their papers, of the production of nothing by the combination of two somethings. The voters of Georgia have cer.ainly ave rage in ell'gence. Why then are such appeals made io their s upidit , and forgetfulness ? They will gay to Gov. McDonald—fresh from the Nashville Convention—and to those who endorsed and sustained his sentiments then and there, (notwithstanding all their protestations that to charge them wiih lisunion is a cal umny) “We know ye—whence ye are.” But if indeed you have no design against the Union, and intend to leave Georgia—what you say she is—degraded, what claims have you on our support ? Your proposition to the ptop’e of Georgia is substan ially this: “We, some of herrons, have charged Georgia with being in a state of degradation. Endorie our assertion, and let her remain so.” Wiil the verdict of her sons sustain the charge? The issue will be tried on he 6:h us October next. Splendid Coaches. The Mail Contractor on tho line from this city to Savannah, via. the Central Railroad, Mr. J. P. Fleming, has recently placed on the route some of thi most splendid and com fortable looking four horse coaches we have see-i a ivwbere indeed, it seems that nothing could be added to make them more complete, and they look so flue that in these days of rail roads and steamships, one is almost induced to taeke a ride merely to revive some of the re miniscensas of other days—-never again to re turn in this progresswe and go-ahead age. The Hon. J. J. Crittenden, Attorney Ge neral, return'd to Washington last Tuesday evening. The Marble Palace drt goods store in New York, known as Stewart’s, is now com plcted It is five stories high, and now extends from Reade to Chambers street, fronting one hundred and fifty-one feet on Broadway. Il front* one hundred feet on Chambers etreet, and its length in Reade street is one hundred and twenty-seven feet There are also large vaults beneath the street two hundred and seventy eight feet in length, well lighted by numerous gratings, and so well finished that it is difficult for a visiter to ealize that he is un der ground. Below these, and extending under the whole building, are vast cellar stored witn goods not required for immediate us . The average value of stock in the store is upwards of two millions of dollars. Politics in New York.—The two Conven tions, Whig and Democratic, that recently met at Syracuse, have made their nominations for Stale Officers i t New York, and Lave adjourn ed after such ambiguous definitions of their position? respectively, on ihe Slavery ques'ion that one is left uncertain as to the views and principles of either body Speakin; of the two Conven ions, the New York Journal of Commerce says: “From the aspect which these bodies present, would Ecetn that the politics of this State are reduced to the condition of a mere scramble for power. The men in the State of known virtue, cf tried patriot ism, and of marked ability, have been in the descent of party, thrown out of its machinery, and they stnnd aloof from its abuses. The two sets of sta'es men \?) who occupy the field, have their horizon bounded by the localities which they inhabit, and fiom want of integrity or want ol forecast, do little m->re than foster the sectional pjeju rices to which they owe their elevation. A Convention of the pre sent day, instead of being ihe assembled wisdom of a moiety of this great Slate, is chiefly an assemblage of those who, at the j rimary meetings, are most skillful at the low arts which secure the support of interested and turbulent voters, and its action falls necessarily far short of what the public wan s de mand. The two Conventions which have just held their meetings at Syracuse, are nearer to equality in all reep?cts than is usual with such bodies. Both have limited their oljects to the possession of power. In the great measure in which the country is deeply in terested, both are silent; or, if not silent, Loth speak a language which the opposing faction in each party construe favorably to their pecu iar position,. To this un oun’i/ feeling do we owe ihe encouragement and the growth within our limits, of anti-reniism, and the fess dishonest, tut far mere dangerous scheme of abolitionism. New evi s will inevitably and con stantly flow from its manifestation, until that large class of substantia! men who have a deep stake in all the great fundamental principles connecied with our Government, shall undertake to speak and act in the politics of the country, and mike a Convention what it ought to to, —a body to support in plain terms what is right, and to denounce, so as not to be mis uaderalood, what is wrong. The eyes of the reople were turned with much interest towards the two Conventions. The great measure of the Compromise, including the Fugitive Siave Law, had been so widely discussed, had been made the taming point in so many and in such important contests, and was so necessary, to the peace us the country, that it was hoped that it would beset at rest in this State by the decisive suppirt of the :wo Conventions. They have separa ted, leaving their action so uncertain that both may he aid tjbe as much against it as for it. If but one of them at thia juncture had acted boldly, and nailed its flag to this great measure of peace, it would h ve von the support not only of all the States, but of al) that large oats of men at ihe N;rih who ire indifferent to the claims of party, and who regard the union of the?e States as th: highest political ob ject. The South will stand aioof from both bodies. Such is the trus position, also, of all those who despise the w- aknefu; and the aim at decept on wh ch are thus so prominent. An armed nentrality between such op posing forces will be fruitful of some benefits. A body of men occupying th s position, capable of being brougb into action at any fit moment, and atriking a decisive blow, will avail in other, if not in the present con ests, There are attempts already made, we per ceive, says the Baltimore American, to claim for the Democratic Convention at Syracuse more nationality of principles than bo’onzsto Lie resolutions of the Whig body at lhe same place Th s sort of deception will no doubt be persis'ed in; and the South may be milled in o a delusive confidence, when she ough‘ to know that upon her own unity and upon that alone she can rea.onablv depend for strength and safety. Northern Whigs and Northern Democrats, under .he influence cf local inte resis and sectional prejudice? are alike seen sacrificing nationality to neighborhood ;opu lanty, yet professing to be na tonal still; they seek to reconcile impossibi'ities and "rasp at 'he benefis and advantages of a position which they have not the courage to take ; they labor with ear.* est zeal in the two-fold effort to deceive themselves and to cheat the public, and :hey succeed in neither. Such men—we refer to the trickters of both parties who uo foriuna'ely have too much sway over the hon est masses of both—such men will sua*ain the cause of the South just to lhe extent that they cannot help, and will betray it any mo ment when they can hope to do so with impu nity and to their present advantage What they find they mus: do in the way of fulfilling ti e obligations of nationality, they will do simply because they most; and nothing but :he unity of lhe South with t-: e strength thus concentrated, is likely to have a power of con trol sufficient to keep them to the line of du y and to compel lhe due observance of good fai h Savannah Nominations. The Constitu- tional Union : ary of Chatham county met on Wednesday evening last, and nominated the foilowing Ticker: For Senate—John W Anderstn. For the House—Francis 8. Bartow and Charles 3. Henry. The Disunionisis have nominated the fo'ow ing. For Senator—Hon. Thomas Pgrbe. For Representative*,—Hon. G. P. Har Rison, Dr. J P Screven The British Government are about to put on four new ar.d powerful steamer* to carry mails between Valparaiso and Panama twice * month. The route is to b-- extend -i as far •ouch as Taieahuaoa. The Canv«M i n Greene, Near I’ENFiiLD, Sept. 27, 185], ' Messrs. Editois : Here I am near Pen field, in a pleasant grove around the sprin?, as 1 am informed of Prof. Crawford, and have ' spent an agreeable day. I came here to hear 1 the most remarkable man of the age, in my | judgment, “a least in all these pir s,” speak on public matters. Well, I have heard him His opponent was present, a worthy gentle men, who was unable lo enter in person into the discussion, but substituted W. J. Vason, Esqr., who said he was a native of "Old Green”—had resided in New Orleans—had been a citizen of California, &c. He is a gentleman of consilerable acquirements and a public speaker. 1 bad not seen Mr. Stephens for i some time. He and his o; ponent have been epeak- > ing throughout the District, almost daily. His op ponent has to engage a substitute, being “worn down and really when I reached the ground and saw Mr. Stephens, I thought he certainly could not engage in the dtecusrian, but the hour arrived, the arrangements announced, and Alexander H. Ste phens opened the discussion in a speech cf one hour, in which, he condensed with a power and an elo quence which few men lever beard or saw could equal. Although pale and apparently scarcely able lo rise, his eye was bright, and his voice was heard throughout the respectful and respectable assembly of several hundred gentlemen and la 'us. He stated his propositi ,ns with the utmo-t clearness, called on his opponent to meet them, and to e>p se them if they were wrong ; told him he defied him to successfully controvert them. 1 could state his every point, and sure I am. that numbers of his hearers could do so, fur be was as clear as a sun beam, and no voter left the discussion who did not fully understand him. He satisfied every one who was not prejudiced, of the duty of every Georgian to acquiesce in the Compromise measures* and maintained with irresistable power, that the people of the could not only honorably acquiere, but justly. Mr. Stephens’ hour having expired, Mr. Vason rose and spoke tw > hours and a quarter, overruning his time three quarters of an hour. Mr. Yaren’s voice and manner are goad, tut he was not argu mentative He did not meet the issues—the propo sitions so fairly, so fully and so unmistakably pre sented by Mr. Stephens. Every body saw it, and obs eived it, and the people of “Old Greene.” wh.. were present were satisfied that r»» i‘.ln r Mr Vano , nor any other man. could have fucces».fal<y met Mr. Stephens’ arguments; th t wis the V ason avoided it. i like to hear s ch a man as .Mr. Stephens speak, he is bold, honest and epi every argument. Mr. Vason employed himsel' in giving a discriptioDof California, its latitude and longitude, extent of sea coast, gold mines, fx pula tion, condition and its character, the price of labor, the description of the various >acea and nations found there, the influence of T. Butler King, &c. Closed on the right of secession ; maintaining that right to the exient claimed by South Carolina, and called upon the ladies to oppose Howell Cobb be cause he denied the right, and if they should unfor tunately find their happiness diminished by the con duct of their husbands, Mr, Cobb would notallow them to seperate, but Mr. McDonald would. Make your husbands, your brothers and your beaux, vote lor McDonald. Mr. Stephens rose, evidently excited by some per sonal remaks of Mr. Vason, and he ‘ooked as if be was six feet rix inches high, his eyes flashing, and bis voice ts distinct and keen as a rifle; and I assure you that Mr. Vason’s declarations and reply, were soon riddled, tailored and thrown to the winds. And the powers of Mr. Stephens and bi? replies to the remarks of Mr. Vason, were so withering and keen, the crowd thought Mr. Vason would have been much more ccmfor aole even in Ctlifornia. He handled Mr Vason so handsomely, that 1 saw seve ral if .Mr. Stef hens’ pobtical opponents unite in the involuntary ap-lause that burst from the people. I', wts a jceneu-t to be forgotten by those who saw and heard it. Mr. S. told the ladies to examine Mr. Vs. illustra ioa of secession by the marriage contract. He said Mr V. said McDonald was in saver of sece.sion without a cau*e—Cobb was in favor of secession when there was a good cause. And says Mr. Stephens, suppose your husband, withcut cause desires to asperate irom you, thinking he could make himself more co r lortable by leaving y« u and your children and forming another conr.ec tion, d > you think it would be right for him to do so ? end (hat you would h ve to submit and have not a word to say ? My opinion was, he should at least be ‘lied up and talked to ” Bu* Mr. Stephens turned this illustration on its author so admirably as to excite the whole » ee.ing, m le and female, into the :> os- rapturous apphuse, and some one asked if Mr. V. was a married m tn. The reply was no. Many voices cried out, Never marry, if that is your sentiment. Huzza lor Hov ell Cobb, and if you can find uo greater otjec ion than that every body ought to vote lor him. I shad not pr tend to repeat after Mi. Stephens, it cannot be done—his powers—his manner—and his peculiar intonations, produce the most remark able effect . I declare to you, the zeal and feeling displayeu fir him to-day, seemed to be the result of a sincere convixtion on the part vs the people, tba no man was truer, honester or greater, than Alexander H. Stephens. I could bat admire and r?spcct the deep affection the people have for the man, and it was delightful to see the kind and pleasant feelings which exist between him and Mr. Lewis, bis oppo nent and intimate friend. Mr Vason, I understand, after battling with Mr. S. ail day, goes h me with Mr Stephens to-night, notwithstanding the severity oi his remarks and replies, and withering sarcasm Mr. Vasrn like all generous men, can but ac'mire talent, genius, firmness, manliness and said in his speech to-day, if one of fits partv could not be elected Senator :n Congress, he would prefer Mr. Stephens to any man io the State. To which Mr. Stephen? replied : ! shall never be a Senator in Con gress, the only offices I look upon as worthy of my aepiratons are those which are given directly by the people. I have no idea th>t I will ever be even a candidate for Sens or. lam sure I never shall be. Yon have heard that Old Greene was going with the Sru hern Rights p< rty as the - call themselves— bye the by •, a » ame badly applied-—tlrs is a mistake. She will go for the Con-tituti n the Union, and the rights ol the South, by sustaining the candidates of the Constitutional Union party by an overwhelming majority and no mistake. Both the old parties. Whig and Democratic, are there acting—yea there are old jxilitical opponents patriotically moving side by side. Il is pleasant to see, especially the o dest, safest and wisest of botb parties leading in this eon - troversy—the young men respectfully aiding. I have been in some sections of the State since 1 saw you, and have tuade a general inquiry as to the re sult cf the Governor’s election ; the prevailing opin ion is, the majority will excee 1 tec thousand. My belief is from all the information I have obtained, it will be neare twenty thousand. Mark the pre diction 1 will be in Augusta in a few diye. Res pectfully, A. “Pecular” Cotton.—We have received from Mr. Wm. Rowlett, specimen bunches of this Cotton grown on the farm of William Echols, Esq , in De- So’o county, Mississippi. There was no rain on said farm from ihe 18th May to the 12th Augu-t, and yet on the six acres planted n this cotton .Mr. Rowlett thinks he will gather 1860 lbs. to the acre. The specimens sent us certainly amply warrant such a conclusion, in iependently of the testimony contained in the following certificate furnished by two of Mr. Rowlett’s neighbor: “DeSoto, Miss., Sept. 4th, 1851. Messrs. Parham Pryor— We, the undersign ed, having examined Mr. Echols’ “Pecular Co’- ton” certify that we believe i wi I make 1800 lbs. per acre, Given under our hands, dire. “ Robert J Moore, “ Wii J. »V vnne, 'r ” The specimens referred to can e s»*en nt this < ffice and are well worth an examination by th- cur.ous.— Memphis Eagle. We confess this is a most remarkable and peculiar var ety of Hie Cotton plant. What it would have produced without any rain from the planting to the maturity we cannot imagine possibly 3 000 pounds or less to the acre. Long live humbug ! —Chron &Bent. [COMMUNICAT3D ] The Constitutionalist is very particular in de nying that Governor McDonald ever charged Judge Berrien with being bribed to vote for any bill in the Senate, &c. Will the Constitutional ist deny, that Governor McDonald in his letter of the 26th July, 1851, to the Charleston Com mittee denounced the Texas cession act as the aclT* And will the Constitutionalist deny that Judge Berrien voted for that act 1 That is the question. Let the Constitutionalist answer.it. No dodging. Burke. Unusual Phenomenon, —Last evening there was a display of the Aurora Bo ealis, of a brilliancy and iuraticn very unusual, if not unpieceden’ed, in this htitude. A rich flush of light of various shades, from a [tale green at the horizon to a glowing crim son al its upper edge, covered more than half the Northern sky, and was so vivid as to p’oduee a gene ra) impression that it was produced bv a cor.fljura tion in the neighborhood Thia extraordinary visit of the Aurora wis continued until alate hour of the night, and if the exhibition was of a cerre spending brilliancy in regions further North, i: will afford a rich theme for scientific discussion.— Ch. Mercury. The phenomena was witnessed in this city, and was ihe moat brilliant ever seen. Louisiana.—The editor of the Alexandria (Rapides) Democrat is informed by the resi dent physician on ihe plantations ot Meredith Calhoun, that the number of deaths by the re cent visitation of the cholera on those planta tions were t v o whites (Dr. Martin and John W. Mulkey) and sixty seven slaves. Mr. Thrasher, the ‘Faro Indus trial, thejmost successful newspaper in Havana, which was suppressed lately by a police < fficer, backed by five men with muskets, is an Amer ican who has mast-red the S h anish language completely. The paper never published any thing against the Government; in fact it could not publish any thing, for the censorship is so rigid that all articles are seen in print before the paper appears. No reason was assigned for stopping the press, nor was the proprietor allowed even a copy of the order of the Go vernor General. Mr. Thrasher was instantly and suddenly deprived of his property without a why or wherefore. So says the Baltimore Sun. Fire!—About 10o’clock Wednesday night, we were aroused from sleep by the ringing of bells; and aoon the Harding cry of ‘ fire,” was proclaimed in every dir-ction. It proved to be lhe large old wooden Warehouses, on the bank cf the river, and t e amount of com busiible material, connected with floors eatu rat d with grease, from the storing of bacon for years, produced a terrific blaze. Fortu nately, the wind was blowing in a favorable direc ion, or other buildings would hive been fired. There was in the Warehouse about one hundred barrels of Salt, belonging to Thos L. Preston, in care of Opt Long Mr C O. Boyles also, lost about one hundred dollars worth of goods. It is not known how the fire originated, but it is supposed io have been the work of an incendiary.— Chattanooga Gazette. Balanced Account, —The deficit in lhe account of the la'e Cashier of the Philadel phia Bank has been adjusted by parlies inter eaied in lhe Trevorton estate, paying to the Bank $c9,000 io cash, and by the Bank’s ac ceptance of Trevorton bon s to cover the re maining 51100,000 of the abstracted sum- Death of Gen. McClure.—Tni* officer distinguished during 1843 by his conflagration cf the towns of Niagara, of Lewiston, B ack Rock and Buffalo, and wno commanded a brigade of the A.'.erican army on the Niagara rentier, last war, die! recently in II inoia. Mr. Clay —VVe reg'ec to learn from the New York Mirror, that the health of Mr. Clay is in such a feeble state, tnat it is extremely doubtful if he will ever again be able to visit Washington. For the first time in his long a&d "ionous life, the great Statesman seems to be physically <j«»pocd:»g. The editor of the Mirror Fays that he writes this paragraph as it will b« r ad, with a feeling of r rofound sadness. —Rick. Whig. Green Barley a Substitute for Indian Corn* The following communication appeared in the Southern Cultivator, for 1845, a year not less dist.nguished for its excessive drought than the present: “Having noticed in the May No. of the Cultivator, an inquiry from one of your South Carolinian correspondents in regard to barley, and not having noticed in any of the succeed ing numbers a response to that inquiry, I hope you wi.i consider it i n good place, as the season for sowing is fast approaching, to vug £et j H if eW P a s li culars, the result of experience and observation, touching the cultivation and use of this important and much neglected gram Isay important, because it is the de liberate opinion of the writer that there is na small grain of more importance to the farmer, I or that will make so profitable a yield to the same quantity of ground. That it i 8 neglected needs no demonstration, as perhaps the r e is not one dozen farmers in every fifty j n South who make any sort of advantageous successful use of this al most perfect subst tute for Indian coin. Having been a peculiar subject of the un. precedented drought of 1845, which fora time hung like an incubus upon the energy and industry of the agricuhuie t, paralyzing in some tectiona, his best directed efforts, I immediately set about taxing my managing and economical power?, to see if anything cou Id be done to make up for a deficiency of corn, where not more than one fifth of a crop was realized Among he most successful of these effort was* that made in the cultivation of barley. After hauling a considerable quantity of sta ble manure, ashes, rotten straw, <fcc., upon a little more than one acre cf thin land, st’ffi . cient I would say, not to be more particular, to give the entire surface a tolerably good coat, —the lot was tolerably we I broken up, having pieviously spread the manure as regularly over the surface as could conveniently be done. The barley was then sown, about a bushel an l a half to the acre, and well plow ed in. This was about the 10 h of October- The whole wau then turned loose to t v e sea sons un i! tome time in February, having kept la dnrit g this rime a large gang of pigs, with of a grain ol corn. The winter being unusu a ly severe, thinned the stand very much, per n p-odh sixth he quantity which stood upon th lo having perished by cold. At the above specified time, February, my nu’e? and horses were growing quite thin and under hard service upon twenty four ears of corn without oats, (odder, straw, &c., per Jay io sufficient quantity. A resort was no* made to the green barley, it having gro z sufficiently high to grasp n the hand and with a reap hook. It was soon ascertain, s .Jal it was preferred by the stock to all o’he; kinds, corn not excepted. A reduction was thert fore made in the quan’ity of corn, from twenty four ears to only five, to each horse or mule at night, and the other food considerably les sened. Under this latter course of feeding my mule? and horses improved and did better .han upon the original plan above stated. This small lot co itinued an abundant supply for six head of working animals for nearly two months, filling three large troughs each day at noon and night during the whole time. The result was a net saving of at least fifty bushels of corn, and a considerable amount of oats, fodder, &c. In addition to all this, there wag a great improvement in the appear ance and health of the stock. These animals were kept hard at work dur ing he whole lime they were fed on this green food, notwithstanding which fact they did not sweat or scour more than ordinarily. This is a remarkable fac*, not understood by the writer, avail other kinds of green food fed to the same exient to working animals, will pro duce these effects more or less. These facts have suggested the belief, that green barley is sui generis, possessing peculiarly fibrous, escu lent, and nutritious qualities not contained in any other species of green food. Green wneat and oais were also used, of which ihe former is best, bu neither can be fed to working aniirals fur any great time with out the ordinary quantity of corn and fodder at the same time, as they will weaken the animal by sweating an J scouring. I have also been informed that green rye will not answer alone, it not being sufficiently nutrilious to sustain them during hard labor, and is liable to weaken by sweating and purging. It is beli. ved, from the writer-* experience and observat’on, (and this opinion has been abundantly confirmed by some of the best farmers in this portion of Georgia) th?t green barley in the spring of the year is ihe best food for horses known in this country, when com bined with a small quan’ity of corn and fodder or cut oats. Horses kept stabled an i well attended to otherwise, will fa’ten faster on an abundance of green barley, a little meal and cut oats, than upon any other combination of food known in this country. This is a mater of experience a one, independent of ch mical analysis. Whether the elementary principles which exist in f&t are superabundant in green barley, the writer has had no moans of deter mining, not being prep red to analyze the article. The rule to be observed in feeding working animals, or those to be fattened, is to keep them woll salted, give a little dry food, and then give them as much barley as they can coiisq e, which is no ‘■mail q lanti'y, as they are exceedingly fond of it, preferring it to all other kinds of food. Green barley ia also an excellent food for milch cows, sheep and hogs, fattening the lat ter also equal to corn. There is very litt'e doubt that a luxuriant pasturage of ba-ley wilt keep hogs in better health and order than all the corn that i-» commonly spared by far mers for hog feeding. As barley is of a very exuberant growth, small Colds frctn-dtve-tw ten acres of it could be cultivated with but little expense for this purpose, and thereby | save the trouble and expense of feeding hogs on corn during the win'er ar.d spring t up to the first of April ; they may then be taken off and the barley will seed, and make a fine yield if the gro 'is wel, manured. Alter t »avi ig sufiiciencj lor seed the hogs may again be turned on the pasture ; arid the writer af firms, without, jest, that of all the grain that i.e has vet tried, barley seed will make a poor hog carl his tail the soonest. But be careful 1 to keep other stock from the pasture, after the barley begins to get dry, as tho long beards will make the mouth sure, and Iso lod.-e in the throat and produce a bad cough This does not occur with the hog, he masticates the dry 1 heads with impunity, it may be understood th-ti, that dry barley, before it is threshed out, does not answer for the horao or cow. But after rhe heads are well beaten and broken with lie H ul, so that the mouth and throat w II not sustain injur by vie beards, a bushel of barley is said io be superior to the same quantity of corn tor any kind of slock. i’o every i rm»r at the south who li s net vet cultivated barley, I w mid say, fail not to make the following experiment the coming fail Lay off a lot one acre and a fourth in extent, haul out a sufficient q antity of stable manure, 1 ashes, rotten cotton seed, either or all com bined, to cover the whole surface, so that there will be no mistake about its being rich, for if it i not rich it will not answer for barley. Then use a subsoil plough, long coulter, or some long pl >ugh if neither of the first are at hand. After breaking np once or twice thoroughly i when the ground is in good order, sow from 1 to 2 bushels of barley, as regularly as possible and plow or harrow in, and without a remark able accident, the writer vouches, that there will be no acre oa the farm that will make so profilable a vield. Nothing larger than small pigs should be al lowed to run on the lot, as treading will pre- S vent the luxuriant growth of barley. Assoon ■ afer Christmas as it gets high enough to cut ■ wi h a reaping honk or mowing scythe, it is ready to commence upon, and by the time ® you have cut over your lot it is ready to cut fl over again, and so on for several times fl it gets high it may be cut with the cradle. It fl should be cut regularly at each time, as any fl that may ba left will go to seed, and probably fl be gathered at the next cutting and injure the I horses'mouths. One fifth ol the lot should be Sg reserved without cutting for seed. fl If farmers who have from len to twenty fl work animals would prepare and sow three fl lots of this soi t, successively on the first of fl September, October and Novembe-, they could fl have a continued supply of the best and fl healthiest food for their stock throughout the fl spring. But let me repeat to any farmer who fl may chance to come short in corn, that barley cultivated successfully is a perfect substitute I for ’his staff of life, so far as specified in the | remarks. I forgot to mention at the proper place that cow-penning is an excellent way of preparing B these lots, if thoroughly done. igij Respectfully, A. C. Hoot RS. Woodawn, Crawford Co, Ga., Aug 1, 1846. Tnn Mtar.—Operations of the mint at PhUa- H dclphia for the month of August: DxrcsiTca. sjS Gold bu11i0n*4,122,210.83 ■ Silver 58,125.82 Sg 4 180,336.65 ■ COIMAOK. .y> Gold, viz.—Double Eagles 3,162,820.00 Eagles 76,23000 BB Half eagles 233,275 00 Quarter eiglos 312,645 00 ft? Gold dollars 303,359.00 K 4,078.329.00 H Silver, vix.—Half dollars 9 000 00 J|g| Quarter dollars 5,00000 14 000 00 ■ Copper—Cents, 796,475 pieces.. 7,964.75 The uncoined bullion on hand on the 20th inst. was— Belonging to the bullion fund, flaS assayed 5,236 623.43 Uns stayed 51,600.00 5,288,223.43 ■! AH depositee of gold previous to the 20th Sep tember had been paid to the depositors, and all certificates are redeemed on presentation imme dialely after being issued. Th? New Bedford Whaling Liat contain* some interesting tatistics, from which some idea of the extent of the whaling business may be forme I The greater portion of the bust nees is confined to Massachusetts. The whole number of vessels employed is six hundred and five New Bedford has two hundred and M seventy five ships and barks, and more than half the tonnage. Nantucket, New London Sj and Fairhaven have about an equal interest in the bu >iness. There are now one hundred and thirty two large ships and barks in port, fitting for sea. and they will require nearly four thou- sand men for officers and crews ; tho total amount of properly invested in the business must be between twenty and mi.lions of dollars. The first seven this year there has been landed about 000 worth of sperm oil, $4 500,000 wmih o r whale oil, and *1.200,000 worth of bone— king a total of *6,500,000 for the first seven Bi boo' I*'*' 1 *'*' t * iS ear ’ ne, ' r b' F.vxwtvtLLX, Sept. 24—During the past fe* Bjig ds’,s several eases >,f cho'era !.««■: r ccurred in this place. Tney m stly yield o trndicnl treat IjSJj maul.