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BY WILLIAM S. JONES. Wt'flihj Chronicle and Sentinel. <■ ?~t *» £) TH 4 WEEKLY CHRONICLE & SENTINEL la Pabllahad every Wednesday AT TWO DOIiT»ARS PER ANNUM IN ADVANCE. TO INDIVIDUALS ieiulin; ns Ten D »star-, SIX copies nf tre P. per will e sent for one ye ir thus,furnishing the Paper at the rate of 3<X COPIES FOR TEN DOLLARS, or a free c<»pv so *4i who may p-ocure us five subscribers and forward u* the money. Tas a.-NTINSI,. DAILY' AND TRI-WEEKLY. Art il*<» pub ished at ibis '•(See, and mailed to subscribers at the following rates, namely, JKiIT Paper, if sent by m >iL...£7 per anntm Tri Weekly I’apkr..’. 4 “ TBRMS OF'iDmmmo. Tx Weekly fire cents per square (12 !»*?• or i«.>s) for the first insertion, and fifty cent f t ea *h sih«pq lent insertion. TiIiNGS IN MILLEDGEVILLE. Legislative Proceedings. Mills do kvillk, Dec. 8, 1351. Unsuccessful efforts were made by several members attached to the minority, opposed to the contemplated legislative visit to Savannah, to re-consider various portions of the proceed ings of Sabuday las’ bearin': on *hat 'Th*; House also refused, by a rote of 20 to 90 to re-consider the bill passed, organizing Spauld ing county. This vote was a great relief to the several citizens of the new county, who have been here, during nearly the whole session, watching with intense anxiety, the progress of the bill through both branches of the Legisla ture. There is no prospect of an Executive in terdiction. hence its friends may rejoice in safety. Mr. Fanning has laid on the table, a resolu tion, that the Legislature will adjourn stnc dir. on the 23d inst. The following bills were introduced : By Mr. Tift—To authorise parties litigant, in civil cases, to testify, in any of the Courts of this State, on certain conditions, and to author ise plaintiffs to procure the testimony of the op posing party, or any party in interest. By Mr. Merrell—To amend the Judiciary act cf December, 1799, to prevent the enforcement of dormant judgments. By Mr. Latimer, of Cobb—To fix the times for folding the Superior Courts in the Blue Ridge Circuit. By Mr. Cobb, of Dooly—To prescribe and i point out the mode of proof in cases of forcible detainer. By Mr. Harrison—To amend the Road Jaws, so far as they relate to Columbia county. By Mr. Picket—To form a new county from Gilmer and Union, to be called Br.chanan. By Mr. McDougald—To incorporate the Co lumbus Sc West Point Railroad & Plank Road Company. By Mr. Harper—To exempt the Faculty and Students of Emory College, and of the Prv| jura tory department thereof, from militia, road and street duty. By Mr. Walker—To adj a section to the 3d art. of the Constitution. It proposes to change the venue in civil cases, under certain circum stances. Bv Mr. Wallace—To inrnmorafp the Tallmt- .ui. »» —lO incorporate me raiooi- ton Railroad Company. By Mr. Reward —To amend the Claim laws of this State. By Mr. Merrell—To authorise Attorneys at Law, to perform the Marriage Ordinance. The special order of the day being the bill re lating to the im|>ortation of negroes, was post poned, and the bill to lay out a new county from Murray, taken up, and during discussion on its Christian name, (the Heathen name, Conasauga. , being discarded,) the House adjourned. —*■ A UtnUDumiig UUIB wenr IIHIOUUC&T in the Senate: By Mr. Foster—To prescril>e the conditions under which Marriage Licenses may be issued. The consent of the parents, or one standing in Zero parentis, shall be necessary to authorise the issue of a license to marry, for any female under the age of 20 years. The violation of thia law is made felony, and punishable by imprisonment in the Penitentiary, from one to five yaars. By Mr. Harman—To fix the limes for holding the Superior Courts in the Macon Circuit. By Mr. Cone—To alter Ist par. Ist sec. Ist art. of the Constitution of this State—restoring anm al sessions of the Legislature. By Mr. Hardeman—To re-organise the Con gressional Districts ot this State lhe follow ing counties compose the several Districts Ist District.—Cha!ham, Effingham, Bryan Libert} - , Mclntosh, Tattnall, Bulloch, Emanuel, Montgomery, Lowndes, Telfair, Appling, Glynn Camden, Wayne, Ware, Laurens, Clinch, Thom as, Irwin. 2d District.—Muscogee, Stewart, Randolph, Early, Decatur. Baker, Lee, Dooly, Sumter. Ma con. Pulaski, Marion. 3d District —Harris, Talbot, Upson, Pike. Butts, Monroe, Bibb, Houston, Crawford, Spald ing. 4th District.—Troup, Meriwether, Coweta. Heard, Campbell, Fayette. Henry, DeKalb, Cobb. Sth District. —Dade, Walker. Murray. Gilmer, Chattooga, Floyd, Gordon, Cass. Cherokee Paulding. Carroll. 6th District. —Union, Lumpkin, Rabun. Ha bersham, Hall, Forsyth,Gwinnett,Walton, Clark. Jacksen, Madison, Franklin. 7th District.—Newton, Morgan, Greene. Jas per. Putnam. Jones. Baldwin. Hancock, \\ ash ington. Wilkinson, Twiggs. Bth District.—Elbert, Oglethorpe. Lincoln Wilkea.Taliaferro.Warren, Columbia. Richmond- Burke, Striven. The Senate having read all its own bills the second time.’proceeded to the consideration of the following bills of the H ouse To incorporate the town of Alexander in the X> _ I.— county of Butke. Pasteit. To alter Ist part, 7th section, Ist article of the constitution, giving one representative to every county in the State. Passed. To limit the bringing bills of Review, to three years. Passed. For the relief of Executors, Administrators and Guardians, authorise them to receive Let ters disniissorv. before full administration, in cers tain cases. Passed Tubee o’clock, r. m The Senate is not in session this afternoon. — The House resumed the consideration of the bill to form a new county from Murray. From among the several names proposed, that of “ Whitfield” was adopted. Messrs. Baily. Mc- Dougald. Russell and Wofford addressed the House, in favor of the passage of the bill, and Mr Mobtoy against it. On the call for the yeas and nays, the bill was carried. 53 to 51. The House took up the bill and substitute, in relation to the introduction of negroes into this State, and had not made much progress in con sidering it, when it adjourned to 7 o clock this evening, for the purpose of reading bills the 2d time, and Senate bills the Ist time. Mit.LKr«KviiXK, Dec, 9, 1851. The House refused, by a vote of 54 to 80, to reconsider the bill passed on yesterday, organis ing * Whitfield" county Messrs. Bailey and Wofford spoke against the motion, and Messrs. Seward. Harper and Hill in favor of it.’ Mr. Fuller introduced a bill to carry into effect the antended Constitutkm, in relation to the of fice tut Orhnary.” Mr Walker presented a memoral from the City Council of Augusta, which was referred to the Military Committee without being read The House took up the bill to prohibit the in troduction of negroes into this State. It was ar gued at length, by Messrs Tift and Seward io opposition, and by Mr Dawron. ot Greene, in favor. The original tall introduced by Mr. Mc- Dougald. and amended by the House, was then passed by yea* 57. nays 44. As follows Ya IS.—Allred, Andersen of Franklin. Ara atro-r. Baiter. 8» v>«. Birina. Blackeetl, 1-erri B iad-n. Bul’och. l iark of Siewert, t ebb of ha-- na. Daeaen of Greene. l>aw»'n t>. Patnem. Pcad «th, Be.miiiv Over. Kdwards. Erwin c. t orsrrh. T’aU. Fauna. Fo/1. Fuller, Hackney. Halt H»rn iu liamt es Haa.ir.vk. Healy, HL*. WOKII CH RO NICIE (I SOTIHL. To incorporate the Griffin Synodical College , I Passed. e J XseJ'cl&srhis-bibs w’er* I. trodurfd By Mr. Moore—To require the Justices of the > Inferior Courts to hire out free persons of color j for certain offences therein named. By Mr. Harman—To require persons applying ' for writs of Habeas Corpus to give notice to the i prosecutor. The Senate had acted on all its bills., read oth- ; ers the second time, and bills of the House the ! I fust time, prior to adjournment at 1 o’clock. The House employed the most of the after- I . noon in passing local bills. ! ‘ Legislative Proceedings. Milledgeville, Dec. 10, 1851. 1 1 I feel called iqion, if you will per.nit me, in j 1 justice to Col. Walker, one of the Represents- j j ti es from Richmond count}', to set him right , before the country, in regard to the ground he j j took in opposition to the visit ol the 1. embers of I the Legislature to Savannah. The Savannah Republican has fallen into the * error of publishing to the world, th it Col. W. f was impelled, in his course, by niotiv* 3of jeal- j oisy for the growing prosperity of the city o f coast survey, the supervision of winch it is re- wUI be th ‘ c si „ na , for ', he in L of more closely to unite the two great sect. ,r.s of . y : Xt^Kn?hT.?“.l" e | , Ht3 tSn ! c 1 r , ■ >1 ■ j commended should be relerred to tiie Navy De- o(,n Hl >'nnn ..f will cive vnm cnniiol the Ang o-Baxon race in the vichcun and U/cwi the A. O. Puayurv, plojeuintne dead letter otiice. More than: t Savannah. lam certa.n the liberal .nd un- partment > a beartfe we X ’ maintenance ot human rtghts and ‘‘t. . d O -Hfornia. th. luhmua, and Havana i pounds of dead letters were received f.om i ; biased editorsut that journal, as soon as they The coast of the large stene dock at Brooklyn. lu'vour'late derate s'rm-l e for trying that, by the ble-.mg of Piovidencc. i.e The steamship Philadelphia. C.pt. W. H. Cahtorma the last summer. I : shall have been satisfied that they have been : has been 5',118,255 38. It «as so far coinpiet- the hbertv of vour own beloved native country, wr ’l, erelong, ba restored to his country end • Brown, arrived here last night from Chagres and 11, .°'i“’ re3s 15 askeJ to lega.ize contracts tha ■ wro'rdy informed, or drawn improper conclu- I m August as to be delivered to the comman- the riudts of vour brother Hungarians the home, and there realize, in tue emancipation ol Havana, With the California, mails up t , the Ist : f n eii crei into or mai service in a i L7 " r 1 ..Hionoftin. leeida ! d«nt of the yard. The floating sectional dock . t s o ‘‘ ba Tep a Xim his beloved nation, the most ardent wishes of of November. This is, however, only three days 1 fon ‘ ,a a ' ul a “ d I n,ent ‘° n '» n ! ade ?‘ oth " sions from be r. ported aU.on of th. Lems la- basin and r . liUvay at Philaflelph.a, is repo, ted ocean roii«i between vour land his noble and generous soul, and the complete later than papers reee.ved from Sa., rrancseo i S >nt ”s‘?, Wn,c ‘'. lla ' e be#n '°rmed with the ture on that topu, will ren-ve Col. W . from tl c ready for delivery, and the one at Porsnioutu. X. t , aj ( j Vour battle “rounds weie eut l“ring consummation of his transceiidant ; b >’ lue steamship Alabama a few days ago. i ac,tic Steamship Company, and with the mail imputation of having taken a hostile attitude to H.. nearly ready. The balance dock, at i’ensa- a »\! s tin vour were watched with exertions and labors. She brings 435 passengers, and about $ ,?,000 gamers irom Aew York to Havana, lhe the interests of our sister city, and withdraw a cola, will not be ready belore the ensuing * irn- f. .. rr rea t es t i-pe ‘st and vour successes were ro> > •» - •. in gold dust on freight, b. ides a considerable resident ol the PanamaJia 11 road Company had charge nreuaturelv made mer The ttoatln s sectfonal dock on San Fran- p ? pd wiU n q P(lt hi'isiastif iov and were [J for iue Ballunore Smi. amount in the hands of pas en gers. j notlce t flat on and alter the first instant charge prematurely made. cisco Bay has been contracted for at <610.900, £u I was present, during the entire discussion of and will be competed in two years from May nj t . ( | | f , o i-. M p o \ v ith suHr dcd'dit New Y'ork. Dec. 7. state. There is. however, a deep leeiinf exist- I mai ac,uss ie t ' umus i Postmaster; lhe matter in question, and know that Col. W'm ,ast - location cannot be determined until the /? ' ‘ i.’-'-’-' de-fc of enlhuM- The steamer Pacific arrived at 10 o’clock to- i ing, which a slight occasion would provoke into Gelieral has a * rted to avail himself of the ar- | 14 1 I 4. 1•. site hr a r.avy is selected. Thedork.it is ' -u <r .\ t night, witn GO passengers, a fair irei-nt. and . another collision between the whiter a>d tha : rangement—leaving Congress to authorise the opposite was pre.lb-ate.l upon what b. consul- sil _,,. esteil- wh W llot in llse lor lbo repairofl.aval ?‘ k “ ' ‘ ma U th ™ da J-’ On Deitmibcr3d. I foreign black population i P a y“>«’t Prefer, ered the interests and legislation oi the State vessels, may used by merchant vess-is. Ade- Ct s \j u j we did n<it f<>r»u‘t v*>u but aiiimated w»ih at IP - ;d - lat - 50 Jo n -41 46,sheexcua:.g- ‘ The accounts of lhe late affray at Ci agres, i The com ract with the Collins line of mail demanded. He was careful to disclaim hostility quate appropriations are urged for the San Fran- ■■ ’ ?,. ' . ..• ' /'-p's.-’j | 1 j’\ m'tr I'V” wi«b the steamer C\*ubria, Ixiund east, published in the papers ihr i.ghout the United* s( ea :iers, between New York and Liverpool, { to Savannah, and hv avowed hostility to any ci s-'o navy yard ,, ]t . I t>7.„ :tz.'\ve ’looked witn Lm-in- tde >’.' Ii ’‘ ;n ? el>i . o ‘' the ,? acif “ : L li ' L ' States, are greatly exaggerate h and but little rs- I re<r.rrcs the perlormanee ol but twenty trip, out . c . . Messrs Wells & Gowan, of Boston, have con- , r , .. > . > im.™ Ho n - ,n -C. Rives, Minister to I‘rance. 1 lianee can be placed uiion them. and back during the year. As the English gov- interruphon to the business ol tue <tate, r. y traded to remove the wreck of the steamer Mis- .' \',7 \ u . 4 ’ p' 1 Markets.—American descriptions of cotton We have only space this morning for a brief er,nneu! bad ina<le new arrangements by which and fxclusu ly. Col. W. is the friend of our souri from the Bay of Gibraltar, for ti: sum of ‘ A *!V'" (/ o .| t :i ; the time ha< come when ave oti ? anced t Sales of the three days, 21.000 summary of the new.;. The .Southern Conven- the week, >' the Cunard steamers were ■ principal, nay, our only seaport. His recorded 559,000, and are now performing the duty, with ycisreirec’ W‘ ininl’ God that vou are a*- bales, ol which speculators and exporters took t ion for the division ot the State of California be continued throughout the year, it was i ; votes in favor of measures touching her interests, »o doubt of success rix .•Th/ourland of heedom, and in earnest we bak ' s \ , , . which met at Santa Barbara on the2othof< .to- Uglily impoi taut to continue the weekly . , M ... . ... i , Fhe report next discusses the propriety of the WP i Cl ,vou oar iir-‘ Rennn’ic and. Ihe London money market was easy; consols her, did not effect anything. Only a few r.-in- I VP s ol the Amencan steamers also. Under these , attest i.. And I iem authorised in saying, that gradual increase of our navy, and the necessity ?f! , (} !,< r-. and vuiir efforts on closedati)7 i lor ‘Honey, and 9S] on account; rail- ties were represented, and these were not bj any c ) ircu ‘ l ’^ a nces. Mr. Coilins was requested by the ! j when other measures, now in progress, in which she has a heavy stake, Col. W. will be found •‘armed and equipped,” to do battle for her. He. as well as other Georgians, know, that if he has to contend with any rival of Augusta, that rival is up the coast,and notdown the Savannah. I have had the good fortune to obtain one of a . fewcopiesof a memorial from the Legislature ol Tennessee, to that of our State. It has been re ferred to the Committee on Internal Improvc ; ments, to eonsLhrrjkMd ru'’'*’ "J’ .y~ ‘ *r* ..Jfjrrrtf TTn.-un mailer-braring upon lhe ■ rights and interests of your city, I would have remained silent till the committee had made their rejiort. As it is, my intention is to furnish ■ you with the facts without delay, that you might rxa.'iiiv them, and make such comments as you might think the tiuth of the case demands. The entire forenoon was taken up in the I Hous?, in debating motions to re-consider the substitute of the Judiciary Committee, and the i original bill to prohibit the importation of ne ; groesinto this State. Those who spoke in favor of the motions Messrs Hill. Bartow. Stephens. Sew aid. and Tift. <hd so nn the ground, mainly that the bill contains many objections and im perfections which ought to be removed and cor vctc 1. Those i\ lio objected to the motions. Messrs. McDougald, Russell, and Floyd, were satisfied w ith the bill as passed. From the temper of the debate, which was rather warm, and somewhat seasoned with personalities, it is not possible to pay how long it would have been protracted, had it not been arrested by a sustain ed call for the previous question. The House refused to re-consider the substitute by a vote ot 19 to 69, and agreed to re-consider the parsed bill by a vote ol S‘2 to 36. In the Senate, Mr. Slaughter made a long and well written rej»ort on the condition, prospects, and wants of the Lunatic Asylum. It speaks in highly favorable terms of that institution, re commending several improvements, which, if carried out by the Legislature, will contribute largely to its usefulness, rhe document is to be printed, hence I forbear making any further remarks upon it. Mr. Hannan laid a resolution on the table tendering seats, within the bar ot the Senate, to Mr. Kerr Boyce. Ron Charleston, and Mr. Jas. E. Whitesides, from Tennessee. 1 have no right to suspect the object of these gentlemen’s mis sion ; yet, I have no fears that their influence will be any greater on the floor of the Senate than on the benches of the gallery. Mr. McCune introduced a bill to change the penalty lor the offence ol Larceny from the House, in certain cases. » A resolution was agreed to, requiring the Gov c mor to inquire into the causes ol the recent runs- I I UVI SV I■ * ..... »- - . eff upon the State Road, and if practicable, not to prevent the engines lately ordered, to be placed upon the track, till a new organization is ejected. The remainder of the afternoon was taken up in disguising the bill to invonvrate the Bank ot Atlanta. Mr. Calhoun made a long and able speech in favor of the bill, and Mr. Fuller an equally strong one against it. The Senate adjourned to 3 o'clock without ta king a vote on the bill. Three o'clock, p. m. The following bills were introduced By Mr. Nas worthy—To authorise Aug. H Anderson and Mo-es P. Greene to erect a toll i bridge across Ogeechee River, on their own land. By Mr. Shew make —To regulate the retailing of spirituous liquors in the county ot Burke.— This bill forbids Clerks of the Inferior Court to issue licenses to any one unless on the recom mendation of a majority of the Justices. Mr. Moreland submitted the report on the Lunatic Asylum, accompanied by a bill to make appropriations for useful and necessary impro vement*. It recommend* $50,000 for enclos ing the premises with a suitable an substantial wail. Ac. It also recommends and increase of the Superintendant's salary from $1,500 to sl,- SOO. founded, very justly too. upon the increased duties of* that officer. It should be borne in mind, that when the Asylum first w-nt into effect, and for a few years afterwards, the number of pa tients was small, and hence required, compara tively, but a smad portion of the time anil at tention of that officer. Now, the number has so iar increased as to demand every minute of his attention, even to an encroachment upon those hours which nature demands for relief from ar dous labors. Mr. Stephens presented the memorial of the Southern Agricultural and Mechanical Institute, 1 which was, without being read, referred to the Committee on Internal Improvements. Mr. Bartow, from the Committee on Interna; Improvements, reported a bill to provide meau. >'r equipping, repairing and paying offithe lia , •unties oi the Western X Atlantic Railroad.— The bill provides for the issuing of State Bonds to the amount of $750,000. bearing interest at H p*r cent, per annum.—redeemable 20 years afterdate —interest payable semi-annually, with in the United States. Mr. Harper introduced a memorial and bill •era new county from Newton. Jasper and Mor gar to be called * Maxsnail. The biU giving the election of Judges to the people, was made tbe sjecia. order tor next ' Tuesday, and tbe bdl for the g* '• ernmeut of the State Road. for Wednesday next The Sens e has rejected the bid to incorporate a Bank at Atlanta, by a vote of 17 w S 3. • I Jane?, Knox. Langmade, Latimer of Warren, j Lochlin, Loveless, Lowe. McAfee. McDougald. I McFarland. Mobley, Msreland, '■ orris, Nasworthy, Pierce, Price, Roberts, Robinson, of Laurens. Shew- I make. Thornton. Tillman of Tattnall. Trippe, Wai ker, Williford, Wofford, Wooldridge, Winu of Gwin | nett, 57. Nays.—Atkinson, Barr, Barnett of Butts, Bar low, Bellinger, Bloodworth. Byrd, Cannon, Carr, Chastain. Christie. Cobb of Dooly, Culler. Daniel. Fowler, Gilbert, Grant, Gray Harris, of Molntosh, Henry, Hussey. Irwin of Wilkes. Jackoway, Latimer of Cobb. Lewis. McLain, Merrell, Moon, I Mor •!, Patterson. Phiftips, Pickett. Ramsey, Raulor | son, Richardson, Scarlett, Seward, Staten, Thur : non J, Tift, Waldhour, Wall, Wallace. Waits, . Woodward, 14. The Tax bill was made the special order for 1 ; Tuesday next. The bill to amend the Attachment Laws of ; this State. Passed. Also, the bill to incorporate the Magnolia Steam Packet Company of Savau- ! ‘ nah. In the Senate, Mr. McCune introduced a bill ’ to prevent the continuance of cases by appeal more 1 han oncj by each party. The bill to a’tcrand amend the 27 th section, ■ I Oth division of the Penal Code, in reference to I . retailing spirituous liquors in .ess quantities than : ! one quart. Pasfeed. To give painters a lien on buildings’»ainted.— ; Lost. To make four years possession of re;.! property | and two years possession of persona., a bar to ; lien by judgment. Passed. To incorporate the Georgia Mechanical and i Manufacturing Institute. Passed. AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 17, 1851. [From the Baltimore Sun.) Annual Report of the Secretary of the Navy. The annual report of the Hon. Win. A. Gra ham. Secretary of the Navy, occupies nearly five columns of the Republic, and gives an interesting exhibit of the condition of the public service un der his supervision. The report commences by noting the move ments of ovr several naval squadrons during the year—compliments Com. Platt of the Albany, for the energy he displayed at Havana, during the late invasion of Cuba—refers to the trip of the Mississippi to the coast of Turkey, to take : on board Gen. her return to the U. States—and announces that the Independence, | the only U. S. vessel in the Mediterranean, has i been ordered hoqne, being unsuited for winter cruising in that sea. j The African squadron, under Com. Lavalette. i has been assiduously and successfully engaged, aided by the English squadron, in suppressing the slave trade, bu> as Brazil has abolished the > slave trade among her subjects, it is proposed to inform Great Britain of our determixjariou to | withdraw our squadron altogether fron) the Afri i can coast, and increase it on the coast of Brazil, ■ i leaving the Home Squadron to guard the use of I our flag for the slave trade with tfieSftem'&h West ; j Indies. Such an arrangeqaent, it'is beljeved, • would more cortainly conduce to the suppression j. ! of the shave trade, and at the same time promote • the health of the officers and crews of our vessels. : I The Bainbridge, of the Brazil squadron, has! ; been ordered to relieve the Petry on the African”, : Coas’, the latter being ordered home. : The Brazil squadron is under the command of •' Commodore McKeever, and its efficiency is duly ! ; commendeff, as are also tbe Mediterranean squad- ' i ron, Com. Morgan; , the Home squadron, Corn. . • Parker; Pacific squadron, Com. McCauley; and ; i the East India squadron Com. Aulit k. vvliojson j : htso’ar Sfit 'r t e S. ~qs. T/.. Morion ! (will be relieved on the arrival out of the Susque hanna and Plymouth, and return home by the i way of the Cape of Good Hope, bringing, it is i expected, valuable varieties of the seed or root of the sugar cane, and also of the teaplant, collected ’ under the orders ofthe Department for distribu- ’ tion in the sections of our country adapted to their cultivation. • ’ In all quarters of the globe our vessels have 1 been cordially received, and the officers welt 1 treated. The interests of co i.merce, internation al peace and friendship are, it is believed, prompt- : ed by the visits of our armed vessels, and the dis- , play of our flag on foreign shores. It is recommended that the oflicers and men of • ’ the la*e Grinned expedition be allowed the same pay and emoluments that were granted to those i . in like positions in the late exploringcxpedition ( to the South Seas. Mr. Grinnell has offered his ■ vessels again, should Congress see fit to authorise { a second expedition in s« arch of Sir John Frank- . lin. The brig Dolphin, Lieut. Lee, has been des- ‘ patched to test new routes on the ocean, pointed out by the superintendent of the observatory, and favorable resuks are anticipated. During the ( j year, ninety officers have been employed on the i o! availing ourselves of all the improvements and discoveries of the age in gunnery, ordnance, na val architecture, and all the appliances of steam. As an instance of the improvement of the age, it is stated tuat the boilers of the planned fifteen years ago, can now be reduced nearly one half in their dimensions and weight, and at the same time made to double the present power of the vessel with about the same quanti ty of fuel now required. It is recommended that authority be given to build, every year, two new vessels, one sail and the other steam, upon such models as shall be qu- ; 'tcattileJlfJßl HHllt WIMWI W'dHWf diuse, Wey ' may be sold or broken up. The recommendation of the Chief of the Bu reau of Yanis and Docks, that machinery be erected, in one or more ofthe navy yards of the country, for the building of steam engines, and construction of war steamers complete, is recom mended to the attention of Congress. A class of small vessels is much wanted to give employment in command to senior lieuten ants, many of whom are kept in long and te dious inaction b*. lore their promotion to com manders, and would be highly useful to embers, especially those propelled by steam, by reason es • their ability to penetrate into harbors and rivers inaccesiblr to ships ot larger class. The n rev:.>us recommendation to reduce the ; number ofoTi.-ers m the gradesof captain, com mander and lieutenant ofthe navy, is renewed, ■ at thesame time that the number of masters be increased to fifty, and the grade of second lieu- ' tenant established, ft is also urged again tl at ' the ranks of commodore and two tear admirals ■ be lega.izeil. to be con lei re ion surviving vekra'.s who, more than a third ot a century ago, illustrat ed our arms in conflicts on the be a stimulant to others to emulate their exam- 1 pies. The establishment of a retired list is once more * pressed upon the attention ot ( ongress. as are . also the disputed questions of rank between tue sea oflicers and civil oflicers ol the navy, and be tween the several grades ot officers ol the army and navy. > The laws for the government of the navy. ’ passed more than fifty years ago, have been le k e ised by a board of oflicers. and will be subinit s ted for the action ol Congress, file great delect . ■ in the old laws is the failure to provide auy puu isbment as a substitute lor corporal chastise- 1 meat, winch has lately been abolished, to the s detriment of the service. A remedy must be r provided, orthe consequences wilt become sei was. r Nearly one hundred trials ol enlist..i i..m. b. courts’ mart.., . have taken place s.bm the passage of the law in question. 1 ills law cannot lie el- . eetualfy tried until Congress sliali pre-cime some substitute. Whether this shall be by the adop tion of the system recommended by . ■■ ■■ board ot '■ officers above referred to, provi ling tr.at court— t martial 11 ay be ordered by each oliicer in co.n- - maud ot a ship, and summarily held to determine guilt, and then graduating puuisiitneuts as there in stated, as well as holding out rewards, or by c some other and more approved method, is refer red to the determination of Congress. e The buildings at the Anuajiolis Naval School e are in progress of erection, and the sloop-ot-war Preble has been attached to the academy sa practice ship for instruction ir practical seaman- - ship. An important change nas been made in i- the plan of education, soas to requires continued _ —s . . 1.. ..rtOee ot- tk., .-s V course of study of four years at the academy, without going to sea,except that the vacation oi three months i n each year is spent in a cruise in the practice ship, the former course requiring two years at the academy, three at sea, and t. en two more at the academy. A class oi fifty acting midshipmen was admitted in October last, and will constitutetbe first class to which this new system wiil apply. It is now believed tA.it for all the purposes of naval education, the academy affords advantages equal to those f< r military education at West Point; and under the efficient command of the present su perm ten lent. Com mander Stribling, it *s hoped that these advanta ges will be fully realized. The expediency ot appointing ten midship men. to l»e made “at large, ’ is again urged. The Naval Observatory and Hydrographical Office have been in active operation durn g the year. A second volume of Astronomical Obser vations ha» been published. The wind and cur rent chai te planned by Lieutenant Maury, the Superintendent of the Observatory, are N extended to the Pacific and la lian oceans, i i.is work has materially shortened the passage a.ong tbe highways by winch our commerce in to and through the southern heariepbere. br.vg ing the port* of those distant prutsol the woi some ten days, and some several weeks nearer to us than before. A letter from the Snp rints dent ol the Observatory states the important fact that vessels sailing from the Atlantic to the Pacific ports of the United States, with t ;e in structions afforded by these charts, voyage in foriv dvys less, upon the average, than those -ailing without tueiu. and that there is rea son to hope the tame may be still further re ddCcd. i The reports of St. Gii'.s. the Nautical Almanac ■ Lt. Davis, and the ex peri men t» of - Pag»* and Espy, are referred to. as wch as t'.'e success and condition of our numerous mail • steamers. . The sum required lor tbe support of the Navy ? and Marine corps tor the year ending June 30. IS-53. is estimated at > OS. oi w /.ch S 54.*2 * The sum . estimated tbr tbe Navy and Marine corps *ast jear was r specia cts $2,- - 210.950. There is an excess, therefore, in t-.e s present estimates of $473,240 SO. which is cc/a --t stoned bv the add/ .n of pay for r creased ser s vice to the Pacific Mail Steamship Con nai y.d;- - reefed bv the act of the last session * . L\' gre*s. the completion of the dry dock in California a I I some auditions under the head of improvenier-is in navy yards, buddings and machinery. The total expenditures ot the Depart.. -; :, e during tt.e year, have been $?.04 ■ " 1 l.oi * w >-. . , 8,817 I wts for sp< e The establishment ot a Bakery in New York, for the use of the Navy, is re.-om me axled, as is e also the repeal of the .aw prohibiting comm /a- ib muaey lor sUppee ratioas. •The recommendation of the Chief of the. Bu reau of Medicine and Surgery for the in in productive stocks of the navy hospital fhaj r j and f° r from the listofefl’ectiveßar®®» e all the «fncers of that corps who are S j ly unfitted for duty, and supplying their places " j by new appointments, a provision require ’ l every grade of the service, are conirnende<'A|b ■ , early action, and an appropriation asked tp rv -2 j build barracks at'the various stations for the • I Marine corps. ■ The Secretary closes his report, by recojh- I ; mending the establishment of an additioial ■».- ? ; reau, to be termed the Bureau of Orders | Discipline, to which shall be assigned the • * mugication of orders and instructions toudHfcr ’ i naval service a.id discipline, and the receipted ! preservation or ilistributon of returnsand Mppojts ' pertaining to the same, in anology to the • i required ofthe Adjutant General’s Office in wiw , Department of War. , . [F/m the New York 6th intt.KSK Arrival ol Kossuth. At J o’clock this morning, the steamer llmn boldt,Capt. Lines, arrived opposite the Q iftan- I tine Ground, an J was immediately boarded. JTttst i before she reached the Narrows, she l>egan ta fire signal guns, and more thaa 30 were fired between . the Narrows and Pier No, 4, where the ste»pr piauledify. I On rhe vessel approaching the Quaranffhe i Ground, th? engine wasstoppe 1. and j communicati- n was had with the shore. Tais ’ was-pre pared Gr by the firing 6f several roclvts I between that point and the Narrows, and w®n • the vessel stopptti. numbers of were »n ; :he shore anxiously waiting to see the Magyir. i A salute of 31 guns was immediately fired. I during this operation, which was performed JJ,- I one, of the Hungarian A rtilleijf. who j tine Ground. Dr. Doane, with ftol. Berzenscy I and the Reporters of the Press, proceeded to the I steamer and were admitted on board. The lioat was decorated with the Hungarian and Ameri can flags, the latter bearing the inscription ” Wel come Kossuth to the land of Freedom.” On the arrival of Dr. Doane in the saloon of the steamer, he met Kossuth, and after shaking hands with him. addressed him in the following words: Noble Magyar ! Illustrious Kossuth, we greet you from the Western Acrid! Welcome to lhe land of freedom in speech and in action. Welcome to the American Republic, which demonstrates successfully to the world the capacity of man for self-government. Welcome, th. ice to our infant country, the hope and trust of the friends of liber ty in every nation or clime, and which rises as a memento to the world and to the lovers of free dom, of what Republican Principlescan perform. You come not as a stranger among us, for from ; the pine forests of Maine to the caries of Texas. : from the coal fie ds cf Pennsylvania, ’o the golden regions of California, and in all that wide spread country which is washed on one side by the waves of the briny Atlantic, and on the other by the calm waters ofthe Pacifi*, your name is known, it will be a passport to every heart— everyone will be open to receive you, and your 11... .. . J ■ ■ • ' ........I JWS nwi . behalf of liberty, will not only be useful to America, but that your words will echo through out Europe until you see Hungary free, elevated among the nations ofthe earth, and in conse quence ofthe late struggle, placed in a position of perfect independence. 1 je w present you with a letter from the May- j or of the City of New York, which will inform you of the present momentary arrangements for . your comfort. Ko&uth said : J cordially thank you for yotn gel lerotis senti- pie of Ihe United States of Axoerica will yet see Hungary free. lam glad to hear such an inter est was taken here in the struggles of my people and -.he will yet be as free as she d 'serves to be. You offer me a free ami generous welcome, and 1 am jirou.l to meet you and t » thank you that I ’ am at liberty bv the generosity of the United j St./.--. I know that every man who longs for freedom in Europe, as well as in this nation, has akin 1 feeling for Hungary, lam thankful for the generous action taken for my liberation by America, which you say is an infant country, but I say no. She is a giant, and though she has only been a short time in her growth, some 75 years, she li > done more than other nations vv ho have I » n I,OO‘J vtMr- in existence, and as the power ot steam has biot tod the word distance from the ... , with Ito crossing the atlan tic. I hope and trust tir.il American generosity and American sympathy will not s.. the day far distant v.h- ‘no umd shall bo given to ail Eu rope, which shaii make it free, and give it per fect liberty. 1 g’n ' vou my hand, (there he ex tended h;s hand t> Dn Doane) and I hope you will not be disap;»oi:ited in me ll I am a straight forward man. and have been true to those princi ples which you in the U. States revere, ami though my country is i.ot so great as yours, nor are mv ;»eop ? e so happy and free, as you are, still i hoj e we shall meet with your favor ami your sympathy in the cause of our nation. (Applause.) ’ After this address. Kossuth and the members of his staff, together with Dr. Doane, proceeded to the *hore. and a carriage being ready, they immediately moved to that gentleman’s residence, where the .Magyar took jMJSsession ot the suiter»l rooms prepared lor btm. and alter taking refresh ments retired to rest. O ) Jcavi-v’ the Dock at So-i‘h unpton, th? Ilunibol.lt was r.-.i by countless thousands ( , >%I . !»,!- .i to bid farewell to Kossuth, and as ti.< \?*sel moved from ter moorings the last burst of enthusiasm almost rent the air. On getting out to sea. and at the first dinner party after cie;ring the land. Capt. lines drank to the health n- Kossuth, and the whole company of cabin passengers who were at table, rose and cheered him vociferously. He HiJ not make auy speech i reply, but politely b»wed to the c unpanv seve al times during the continuance ofthe cheering. During the ve vage. which was very boister ous. no demorstiariou was made, as th? Magyar was very sick during must of the time. He wrote a great deal during the passage, and re mained \ cry select, noteven intermingling in the least with the nassengvis. On th? pilot-boat meeting th? vessel, as it ap proached Sand} Hook.tr? pilot handed the fol lowing letter from the Major of New-York to the illustrious Magyar. City Hall, Nov. 24.1851. Deaf. Sir—ln order that uir city may have notice to assemble and welcome you „to our city a j eou try, as they desire we would respectful ly r- quest you to leave the steav.er at the Quar antine, and remain a few hours with Dr. Doane, who will, with great cheerfulness, tender to you the hospitality of his house, aid where **e are assured every attention will bepaid to your com fort dur: ; the time it may be necessary tor you to cotitii.ue Ins gue. t. We are. wi. h groat re%>ert. A C K:\..sla\d. Mayor. Geo. F. Fkamslix. Aiderman. 7b Gx ivr» -?• A’ f 11 ■tn£ r .iry. The passengers on the IL nboldt are not pr«‘- pos^rsst-. in laror o; the Magyar, as he has I eon what they call too ar;stocra‘ic tor them, but as we learned be was much occuoied in composi tion during the passage, it is pro.iabie tha’- he was too much ace- pied m mentu labor, to be uu fmt in conversation with every one who aspired to Ins acquaintance. Kossuth isa good-looking man.about five teet seven or e'gii* ’ .ups in flight, and with great His eye is all and his b“ow. though not so broad as it Laa- been reprise; :«d on u.c.ny ot his portraits, towers up to an extreme bight, and is somewhat expau.'ive. He appeal* to be a slim man. rather than fuil in the ciiest. as often portrayed and. as s the c >stom ot his country, he wears a beard and moustacuius which cover the lower part ot his face. H ; hands are very srra’l. ar. ? his costume, when be air a ed. was’the simple unadorned dress of his country, tbe great coat, the Hungarian hat. w.tn its feat! • r and dangling tassel. Altogether he has a c mnDandmg figure, and the first impres sion which would strike an intelligent person on looking at him, w . ibe one 11 spe a count of the intelligence and philosophical ap pearance of his whoie exterior man. Kossuth's Departure from Southampton. M. Kosuth en: barked from Southampton at 1 P, M. on tbe .< /. /t- under a salute of twen ty-one guns, fired by ft.e Southampton Battery, on boerd the stemship Jupiter, placed at his dis ;■ -.4.1 v r.e cf • ..v .arg'- Companies at Sou! .ampton. for tbe puqvse of conveying bin. t.-* th- H/m: in Cows Roads, a distance / about lif een miles. He arrived from London th- 1 se re morning, and was received by the Mavvr ar.d Corponticn of Sou’Hampton, who | . ■ . .; • / Jup '■ r, wi ere a grand • urc 4 u '’w s given, an address to from t:.e Corporation, congratulating a ./ on - ce magnificent reception he had expen e: ceu.and wishing him a peasant voyage, being presented on board. Just before ieavi; g the Juniter. he briefly, in a °f gteas 'eeling, expressed his emotions at parting with Bis fnends- An immense concourse of peop’e congiegated ‘ in the Southampton Docks t" witness ’ cssuth’s ' departuie. and the utmost enthusiasm u „ mini | tested. Several small steamers were chartered : specially to accompany the Jupiter, to witness | the sailing of the Humboldt. The parting be- I tween Kossuth and the numerous English .lends ; who ha 1 accompanied him to Southampton was ; most affecting, and the Humboldt g< t under weigh amid th? deafening cheers of thethonsands ■of persons at Cows, who were watching the i event with the deepest interest. Proceedings of the Southampton Corporation. A meeting of the Council of the borough of Southampton was held on the 18th November, at House, or Council Chamber, in Southampton. ; Richard Andrews, E q., the worshipful the k Mayor, was in the chair. It wa moved' by Mr. Aiderman Laishley, [ seconded by Mr. Aiderman Polk, and resolved j unanimously— That this Council, having received from the i q worshipful the Mayor a communication as to the ; U intended departure ofthe illustrious Hungarian > 't patriot. Louis Kossuth, from this port to the ! j United States of America on the 30th inst. | The members of this committee cannot refrain ’ 4 from hereby recording their admiration of those i ’ patriotic and strictly constitutional sentiments i which le has every where and on all occasions enunciated to the people of this country, and of those prompt and unqualified denials which he has given to the untounded calumnies of the abettors of despotism and tyranny, whether re sident ©f this or other countries, as well *as the ‘ surpassing eloquence and irresistable truthfulness with which he has placed before the British public the countless wrongs and th (l crushing bis beloved country, and ihe claires * wmthK lias uu.thc u.cfml und envi- I getic influence of all lovers of freedom through i out the world. Most gratifying has it been to ■ this Council to observed from day to day • : since the arrivabof that great and distinguished | ! man in our port since the 23d of October last, ; • that the admiration of his üblicgood and private ’ worth, and of his vast sacrifices for those great I i and undying principles of liberty which he so ably and so worthily represented, first publicly 1 ! expressed to the Mayor and Corporation of ■ 1 Southampton, have been everywhere most en- j thusiastically reechoed by the millions of the . British people. ** For the purpose of further expressing our most ‘ : profound and increased admiration of so illustri- j ous, high-minded and gifted an asserter of the : rights of human freedom, and our deepest sym- ' pathy with the people of whom he is so distin- i guished an ornament, and after having carefully ; ( read an.l considered the statements of his tradu- < cers, and the manly replications with which , they have been instantly met, this Council re- ] solves to invite his Excellency to a on i Thursday next, previously to his departure on j his great mission to the United States of Ameri- i j ca. hoping and believing that his visit to Eng- j f land ofthe O.d world, and to the United Spates ( of the New, will greatly tend, sooner o- later. way shares weie lower. Englxxd.— The steamer Pioneer sailed for N. York ou Saturday. A serious collision had occurred on the North- ! western Railway, by which many persons were injured. • she cotton factory of Messrs. Dujaid, 3lcl’hail & Co., at Greenhead, was destroyed by f » on the 25th. It employed 300 hands. Los- -)0. The Sunderland Bank had suspended pay., nt. i France.—lntelligence from Paris announces that M. Casabianca had been appointed Minis- ! "*Tne Mimster of the interior haa . ing a candidate for the department ofthe Senate. The Bourse was unsettled, at a decline. Owing to the probability of further differen- . ces between the President and the Assembly, an , article in the Constitutionelle, charging lhe heads of the party of order with a conspiracy against the Pr< sident, had cause I a great sensation. The Minister of the Interior had denied the existence of such a conspiracy. A bill had been proposed in the assembly for regulating the responsibility of the President and his Ministers. It is stated tiiat there is a pros- ■ pect of Louis Napoleon again presenting the > electoral bill recently defeated in the Assembly. Hanover.—A new Ministry, under the Presi dency of th’iSchaaie. had been formed, which : will pursue an entirely new course of policy. The new King had issued a proclamation pledg ing himself to the most sacred observance of the Constitut or ol the country. Austria.—The state ol Hungary was most unsatislatory. and the Government organs admit ■ that it is much agitated. The system of expul sion was still earned on on a grand scale. Italy.—The Neapolitan Government intends increasing the export duties on sulphur and oil Turkey.—Constantinople accounts announce another ministerial crisis as at an end. and that Ali Pasha had been induced to resume bis duties as ion ign minister. Spain.—News from this country is unimpor tant. Two vessels had arrived at Cadiz with an other portion of the Lopez expedition on board. F.cl’ssiaThe renewal <-t tue Cum nt rcial treaty between Prussia and Belg urn had failed. Tue Prince of Prussia was to leave Berlin on the 23d, to take command of the army on the Rhine. Latest Intelligence, [by electric telegraph.] Paris, H cdiustlay. N»;v. 26.—After post-hour on Wednesday, the Minister of the Interior said, in his reply to Mr. Creton, in an article of th? Constitu.ionelle, "I will reply categorically.— Had we obtained proof ofthe existence of such a conspiracy, you may be well assured that who ever were the men who participated iu it, how ever high tiiuir rank, we would not have hesita ted to perform our duty.” The Assembly then adjourned. London. Nov. 26.—Litters from Liverpool state the suspension of two firms connected with American t ading—V.ce. Pride & Jones, arid Hamden Co. The liabilities of the firms are not mentioned, but are supposed to be large. Those o; the latter aie supposed to amount to about £60.000 orxSO.OOO. Pans, Nov. 2l>.— Bourse s’s closed at 91 ; 3's ■Q 10; Exchange between England a:.d America nominaliy 6a 7, leaving a small profit on the importation of gold lor the United Slates. r : V— .->/• Tk. _ .... • i LiwpooL, Aor. 2G —The cutton market is id van’-ng. and is rd higher since Friday. Tbe Manchester market is active, witn -*d stocks- Prices, tre T><n.«.\i>.—Twt steamer City of Glargow. from Phti idelpiiia.axiived at Liverpool on the 23d. m 17 days. The Europa ma le the passage out from Bos ton in 10 days and 3 hours. Mails across the Isthmi s.—The contracts for conveying the U.S mails across tbe Isthmus was let at Panama on the 13th ult. It was awarded to a Mr. Parades, who made the lowest bid—sll 75 per hundred pounds. T of gold on Q teen Charlotte’s the coast of British Oregon, in latit. Je ■'4. in considerable quantities, is annouuoed in t.ie late tews true; Oregon. A Crtstat. Palace :> New Yor.x.—A peti tion is about to be presented to the Common Council a New York for the use of Madison square so; the erection of a Ciystal Palace to ac commodate the second Great World’s Fair in 1852. Nr. Paxton has made the design—soo by 200 fee. two stories; and the contractors agree to have t.e structure completed in three months. Mr. Ridde. United States commissioner to the World's I iir, has the pledge of some seven hun dred con tibutors of rtaicies. A Coincidence. —Mr. Webst Mr. ■ Calhoun. Mr. Cass, Mr. Benton, and Mr. Tan ■ Buran wees’ll bora in th" year 1782. The Sa annah Republican has been informed -by agentltnan just arrived from St. Augustine Fia.. that argument in the U. S. District Court, in th case of the steam ship Pompero . pend ng at hat place, had been closed, and that - the Judges ecision was to have been rendered • on Tuesdayast. The Jacksonville News states ' that the clah of the Government against the * arms. &c.. s-ppos(d to have teen taken from on e board the Prepero. and seized by the Custom 11 House offices, had been set aside by the Court, e and the proprtv restored to the claimants. -- - - o AnqtherGenebal gone.—W e ’earn from N. g Orleans DeA. that Gen* Belknap recently died - on the Brazo m Texas. Tnis is the tenth Gtr.e, g ri’ ; who bis‘ied since the Mexican war. Gen. Be knap watin tne principal battles, under Ger.. Tavior. in th« Mexican war. At tne battle of a Buena V.sta • was Adjutant-Ge neral, and com- the Bva&ee. VOL. LXV.—NEW SERIES VOL. XV.—NO. 51 fl i [Prom the Baltimore San.] s : Report of the Commissicner of the General Land Office. 1 The annual report of the Hon. J. Butterfield s Commissioner of the General Land Office, pr«- - sents a very minute am' interesting view of the s various operations of thi. important branch of the s government but as man ofthe facts and statis r tics which it sets forth h..ve already been given, ; in a condensed form, in Jie President’s message, j ! and the report of the Se retary ofthe Interior, (already published in the Sun,) we must confine ourselves to the following extracts : The locations by military, bounty laud war rants during the fiscal year commencing July Ist, 1850, cover an area of 2,454.000 acres, ma ■ king an aggregate of cash sales, and locations by warrants, during that period, of 4,300,847 49 100 acres, which, at minimum price, would amount to 5,376,059 36-100 dollars. The sales, however, exceeded the minimum price by 62,353 09-100 | dollars. The whole number of land warrants issued to the Ist November, 1851, under the ! Mexican bounty land act, of 11th February, 1847 is 80,781. Os this number 66,618 have been re-, i turned to the General Land Office as located; and ' of these located land warrants 66,200 have been , patented. The whole number ot land warrants , issued up to the same period, under the general bounty land law of 2Sth September, 1850, is ( 54,201. Ol this number, 3,708 have been re- turned to the General Li id Office as 1c .ated; and ofthe located land warrants of this class, 1,950 Have been patented. Since my last annual report, there have been ssued and transmited to t leir respective destina tions, upwards of seventy-five thousard letters pat ent for public land titi s ot all descriptions and the labotsjof the accountants and ers have’been diligently prosecuted. Th* quantity of ytridic b nd ,ied for ’ market, since the date of my last annual report, j amounts to 7,731.537 acres; nd the estimated | quantity available for markets uring the coming : yeai, will not be less than £12 r 00,000 acres. Every precaution has be n adopted, by official regulation and system, to detect and arrest any attempts to impose upon the office fraudulent as signments of warrants under the Mexican Boun- ' ty Land act of February U, 1847, the warrants i in that class having been held to be assignable. : Measures have been adopted to secure accuracy i and neatness in the engrossing of all the patents, and subjecting them to a proper test, by a care- ’ lul examination of a Bo?rd; and the'business ' generally, in its multifarious details, is satisiac- ■ torily progressing. Some idea may be formed of the official opera- ! tions ot the General Land Office, from the state- i ment in the report, that the archives ol the office consists ot seven thousand three hundred and ' eighty-three folio manuscripts; that about one million two hundred and twenty-one thousand patents, ot different kinds, all duly recorded, have ’ been issued; and that, as preliminary to the pre- ! paration of these patents, the examination of ! about two million nine hundred and fifteen thous- ‘ and five hundred title papers were necessary, all of which are on file. I , means harmonious. They adopted a set o'ru o lutious declaring their grievances, but disagreed about the boundary of the proposed territory, and adjourned without taking any action. The news from the mines is very favorable.— Gold is still found in great abundance. The San Francisco Morning I’ost of the Ist inst. says that no serious disturbance exists among the Indians on the frontier. The discovery es gold on Queen Charlotte’s ■ Island, off the coast of British Oregon, in latitude t 53, in considerable quantities, is 7**son Fo question _ 1 ”I ' wich Island*, which had excited much specula tion in San Francisco. It appears that two or three vessels had left with a considerable num ber of passengers. The steamship Tennessee arrived at Panama from San Francisco on the 16th ult., with $2,- 500,000 in gold. The contract for conveying the U. S. mails across Ihe Isthmus was sold at Panama on the 13th ult. It was awarded to a.Mr. Parades, who made the lowest bid—sll 75 per hundred pounds. We did not receive our paj>srs or letters from Havana last night, but learn from passengers, who arrived in the Philadelphia, that Mr. ’ Thrasher was to be sent to Spain in a day or two after they left. They speak of a silly rumor which created considerable excitement in Ha vana. It was to the effect that 2,000 Ameri cans were ready to embark at Key West to in vade the Island. Annual Report of the Postmaster Genera’. The annual report of the Hon. N. K. Hall Postmaster General, occupies nearly eleven columns of the National intelligencer, and pre sents a voluminous expos.tion of the nature and extent of the postal arrangements of the country, the changes that have resulted from the law enacted last session, and the additions and im provements that are yet needed to meet the exi gencies of our extended territory, and the con tinuous enlargement of our political and com mercial relations. We avail ourselves of the fol lowing abstract of thi® interesting document which we find in the Republic. It appears that at the close ol the fiscal year— the 30th of June last—six thousand one hundred and seventy mad routes were in operation in the U. States, forming an aggregate length of 196.290 miles, and involving an annual cost for the trans portation of mails of $3,422,754. The total an nual transportation amounts to 53.272,252 miles, of which 8,560,707 miles are performed upon railroads, at an average cost of a!>out eleven cents five mills per mile; 5,453,982 miles in steaml>o3ts, at a cost of about eight cents three n ills per mile; 19,726.588 miles in coaches, at about five cents three mills per mile; 19,521.975 miles in modes not specified, at about lour cents eight mills per mile. As compared with the previous year, this statement exhibits an increase of 13,351 miles, m the length of inland mud routes, and of $547.110 in the annual cost of transporta tion; but this comparison is irrespective of the routes in California and Oregon. In the former State the annual transportation amounts to 537.- 476 miles and the annual cost io SI 30,270; in Hie latter to 66.969 miles, at an annual cost uf540.441. There are six foreign mail routes—three oi which are under contract with the Post Office De;>art ment at a cost of about $2,09 9-1 ‘J per mile; and three under contract wit i the Navy Lepartn.ent at a cost of about $2.42 6-10 per mile. During tne year .5,339 pus.masters were ap pointed. nearly half of them to fid vacancies oc casioned by resignation*. 187 to fill vacancies oc casioned by death; 206 i.t consequence of cha ige of site; 299 on the removal of prior incumbents; and 1,698 on the establishment of new offices. The entire number of post offices in opera: I-.-n is 19.796; nearly 1,700 were established and 256 were discontinued during the year. Tne gross receipts of the D .q»artment for the year described in this report w cie $6,786,493 W 2; of which $5,369,242 76 were derived from < tter (including forei ,u) postage and stamps s< id. and $1.0:35,130 89 from postage on nt wspa; er-. j. .m --phlets. &c. To iorni a true idea oi the rrweue. however, allowance must Le made tor the sum payable to the British post office, and tor the sum ot additional appropi iations. With these deduc tions, the ordinary revenues of the year stand at t 6.551.977 B'2; being an increase of $99 .006 41 over the proper revenues of the preceding year. Tne expenditures during the same period sere $6,278,401 68; but this includes a pay me. t to Britain and a payment under an award. The ordinary expenditure was $6 0 k 4.566 79. show ing a balance ol receipts of $7 >3.299 09. The report glances at the p« >.ti<>n of the post office ir. tuis country half a century since, and intimates the probable presentation to Congnss of the materials ol an interesting history of our postal system. In 1790 the number oi post offices was 75, the extent of post routes 1.875 miles, and the revenue $37,935. Within the last two years, the cost of trans portation has been much increased; and the ever iu-creasmg mail facilities, by railway and on our rivers, win continue to add largely to the ex penses of the Department. Um.er the terms ci the act of March last, the expenditure for the transportation of mails must be increased from ten to fifteen per cent, per year, if the wants ol the country require it; and, unless some change be made by Congress in the rule laid down km the government of the Department, other expen ses will necessarily increase at nearly the same rate. In regard to commissions paid to postmasters the Postmaster General expresses a belief thal i tne allowance provided for under the order made on the 29th o‘ October, will be found incommen ’ * urate with the increase of labor required unde: the new law. Tne total estimated expenditures for the cur rent year amounts to $7,123,448 63. which an } to be met by the balances now standing to th< credit of the Department, the receipts from pos ’ tages. and tne appropriations made by the act oi March, 1847. and March, 1851. The succeed f ing year w iil necessitate further aid from tn . treasury. At present no reliable estimate of th< revenues of the current year can be made, in con sequence us the non-settlernent of the postmas tens’ accounts lor the first two quarters. An idea ofthe amount of free matter sent am ] received at the Washington office may lie fonnei from the fact, that for the two years ending ii > July last, this branch of business would havi » yielded 84,240,820 at the rates then in force, o. ’ $1,795,920 at th : present reduced rates. Thii does not include the free circulation of newspa* ’ pers, &c. It is thought that the reduced rates o postage on printed matter, and the extension o j privihges to publishers, will diminish that brand of revenue at least $500,000 per annum. The ; results ofthe experiment now in operation satis fy the Postmaster General that there should not be more than two, or at most three, different rates of inland pt stage on newspapers sent to actual subscribers; and that those on periodicals, and other printed matter, including transient newspapers, should be reduced in number, and more nearly assimilated to the ordinary news paper rates. This change, he thinks, can be adopted without materially diminishing the re venue. The Postmaster General disapproves of the disposition manifested in some quarters to urge a further reduction in our inland rates of letter postage, before the results of the last reduction are properly ascertained. He points out the dis similarity in the circumstances of this country and Great Britain, and maintains that the result ofthe system now in operation in Britain, ad monish us not to attempt a further reduction until justified by our revenues. Looking at our entire circumstances, the sparse population of immense sections, and the extent and expense of the area traversed by our mail routes, he concludes that we have, beyond all question, the cheapest pos tage in the w*oild« I Xhe new contracts for the supply of innumera ’ Lie Silicle* required for use in the department are ‘ described as more favoreble tha i former ones; I and an intimation is made that an improvement in the adhesive qualities of postage stamps will hereafter be observable. An opinion is expressed--founded u; on informa tion obtained by agents of the department—that if the contractors be favorably disposed, the mail ' between Washington city and New Orleans can ■ be expedited twenty-four hours; that the time re- ; ! quired between Washington and New Y’ork can j be reduced to eleven hours; and that the mails j I from the South, leaving Washington in the after- i ! no >n may be delivered in New York in time to ■ j Le forwarded to Boston, Albany, and West, I i along the Erie railroad, by the morning trains I , from Ne v York. An effort will also be made I ' to preserve at New York a close ccnnexion ol • . the trains carrying the mails which leave Wash- i j ington in the morning with the evening trains' which take such mails beyond New York, li : , the negotiations now in progress to effect these I arrangements fail, the attention of Congress will i : be called to other fusible modes of expediting the | great mails between the Eastern and the Suuth- ; ern States. An appropriation is recommended to meet the ! ( deficiency of salary allowable to the special I i agents of the department, and also to pa he ‘ I rust-onice Department to continue his trips, I j witii an assurance of a recommendation of ade- ! quate compensation. If, therefore, the extra i trips are confirmed, it is earnestly recommended I that a pro rata compensation, with such addi j tion, il any, as may be necessary to give to the I contractors a fair and liberal compensation for the extra service.be authorised by Congress. ; The Postmaster General remarks that ‘"the uu- I rivalled qualities and speed of the ships of this line, and the very satisfactory manner in winch ! « Hine lo the most favorable consideration, and 1 cannot doubt that Congress will make the ap propriations recommended.’’ , It is hinted that satisfactory propositions can probably be obtained fora line of mail steamers from New Orleans, byway of Tampico, to Vera Cruz; and the importance ol such an arrange* i ment is described, in its commercial and political aspects. Offers have been made to contract for mail ser vice from New York to Antwerp, from New • York to Genoa, from New York to San Francisco i by the Nicaragua route, from New York to Gal- I way. trom New York to Venezuela, from Phila delphia to Havana, trom Philadelphia to Ant • | werp, and from New York to New Orleans, by steamers, in connexion with a contemplated rail . ■ road across I lorida. These applications are to . ■be laid before Congress. Particular stress is laid i upon the proposition for a line of steamers from I New York to Galway; and a hope is entertained ; that the subject of the establishment of a ■ line to Antwerp will be found to deserve con- I sideration, more especially as the Belgian gov , ernment is ready to co-operate in the project. The renewed determination of Biitain to in j sist upon an excessive transit rate on letters passing through England is alluded to as a sub ' et of regret. The liberal spirit manifested by the United States in 1848, has not been recipro i cated: and as our convention with G:eat Britian ’ i can be annulled by either of the two govern ments, after one year's notice to the other, it is suggested that if satisfactory transit rates be not t soon agreed to. this Government should seriously consider whether the notice provided for in the . treaty shall not be given. 1 Attention is called to the extent to which the . revenues of the Department are prejudiced 'ey the j operations of express companies; and the revi . sion of the laws applicable to the subject is pro . posed, with the view of making it highly penal for persons or companies to carry letters on cer i tain specified routes ouside of the mails. Other s penal enactments are sought to piotect the pio perty and operations ot the department. r The increasing abuses of the franking privi » lege are noticed as another matter requiring legis- I lative action. Severe penalties are suggested to t prevent the franking i s public documents things s which are not such, the distribution of franked f ' envelopes to persons not entitled to the frank ing privilege, and various similar practices. J Authority is requested to increase the com e peusation of special agents of the Department in r California and Oregon, and to faci itate the busi . nets of the Department in those States. . I The concluding paragraphs of the Report re late to tne necessity of increased post cilice ac i cornmodations for Washington city, to a revision -of the laws for the government of the Depart- J ment, the need of placing the Assistant Post- t masters General upon the same footing in respect to salary as tiie heads of Bureaus ir. other Depart . meats, and to the zeal and assiduity with which - the officers and clerks of the Department have . discharged their duties. . - ; ; Oregon papers contain further accounts of the ’’ discovery of gold, in large quantities, in Queen ’ Charlotte s Island. Tne gold is found on the ■ surface of the ground near the beach, and is dug by the natives in great quantities, without any p taing like a pick or shovel; having nothiny out such tools as they can make themselves, they r manage to get from two to eight ounces per day i to one hand. Tney are friendly to the whites and are anxious to have them come and trade » on-1 dig with them. Queen Charlotte’s Island , is in the North Pacific Ocean, and can be reached in about seven days’ sail from Oregon city. The Bank of the State of North Carolina has 1 declared a Semi-annual Dividend of Five per cent 1 —making an Annual Dividend of Ten and a \ quarter per tent, that tills institution has declared e . lor the year 1851. o J e We perceive, from our exc’. anges. that the - 1 work on the Washington National Monument has been suspended lor the season. It has now t attained to the height of one hundred and four - feet from the surface of the ground, and. if it ad >s> vances wi*h the same rapidity as it has so far r done, it will, in a few years, reach its aj»ex. at an s elevation of five hundred and seventeen feet J, forming the loftiest structure in the world. The . managers cry for help, particularly in money • ! contributions and from monied corporations. - Trie blocks of marble, granite, and other stone ir which they and the several States have sent to | be de posited in the Monument, though very ac )f ceptable to the Board and honorable to the e donors, go but little way in elevating the obelisk. jt i The River. —We are gratified to be able to e state that our river is now in good boating con ?r dition. During the week a number of steam boats—the New Boston. Franklin, (new. around fe the present season, well trimmed and found, of light draught,) Mary. Palmetto, Retrieve and ; s Wynnton—nave arrived at our wharves, giving >t to Water street a cheering and animated appear- i 1,, ance. We have reason to believe that, through ‘ the indomitable energy and perseverance of our ?r citizens. Apalachicola has in a great measure re covered from the effect of late disasters, and will r . now go oa. prospering and to prosper.—Jpalach re t'Uiiz Advert iser, 9iA nit. Washington. Dec. 7. A dispatch from Jackson. -Miss., announces *■£ that Harris, secession w hig. has been appointed d- U. S. Senator. The Legislature meets in about ■c three weeks to elect a Senator for the foil term, -e and one for the unexpired term of Hon, Jefferson Q- Davis. s ’ 2 _ ailmdlfnttj; , e The Elevation of IMLchanicg. or A contemporary, in impressing upon mechan is ics the importance ol mental culfme, justly re i- marks, that '‘Usefulness, respectability and com of petence are within the reach of all, r <o matter of ■ what may be their pursuit, if they follow it with :h | perseverance and application, while asthe same ie i time, their line ot moral conduct is exemplary, .. I and they are dilligent their minds ” )t | Let our young men think of This. The odds it . and ends of time, the leisure moments which o ; are too frequently frittered away in frivolous in s j action, would be immensely valuable if wisely it | employed in improvement and study. Dilligence j j and application can redeem many a moment, I and appropriate it Io beneficial use, which Ire e i quently is spent with heedless piodigalty. or al .• together misemployed, hi tifif highly favored I land, where freedom of thought prevails and c ' man is at liberty to follow any pursuit that pro e niises to lead to wealth or distinction, individual r effort, if properly directed, will be invariably a crowned with complete success. For the development of talent and the reward of industry and Mechanical skill, the laws and t institutions of our country are peculiarly favor able. There is nothing in the condition or cir : cuinstances of the most humble and obscure in• » dividual that necessarily, in themselves, would ' exclude him from even the highest office in the ' people’s gift, and if proof of this might seem t to be wanting, the present distinguished occu pijit of tne Presidential Chair, was himself the son of a hard working, farmer, and in early life apprenticed to a wool-comber,, at waivh busi ness he labored assideouslf until he was nine s teen years of age. Neither have similar examples been unfre quent—hundred.® of instances might be named confirming the truth of the remarks. Washing* ton, the illustrious "Father of his Country,” and : of the most illustrious names the world ever j produced, when a youth was the chain earner , of a land-surveyor. Franklin, the statesman, j philosopher and diplomatist, was, as is waM j known, a poor and friendless printer boy. Rog j ei Sherman, one of the committee who drafted | the Declaration of Independence, and one of its I signers, was an humble shoe-maker, and a sets ; taught man. Green, who in after life rose to eminence, and stood second only to the Chief !of the revolution, was a blacksmith. Wirt was an humble schoolmaster, and was afterwards ele vated to numerous important stations, and left j behind him a brilliai t reputation as an author, an orator, a lawyer and a statesman Hon. An drew Johnston, of Tennessee, recently ibr six : years Representative in Congress from that State, • was an illiterate orphan boy, an apprentice to I a tailor, end at 21 years of age unable to read or ! write. The late Gov. Wright of this State, tor j years a distinguished Senator of the United I States, was, when a youth, a lai mer’s boy. Gen. : Houston, a Senator, Governor, and present a.-pi rant for the Presidential chair, was twenty five i years since, a common house carpenter. Elihu Burrilt, who can read or write more than fifty ] different languages, and is the most distinguished . man of the age, was a common blacksmith, aud labored twelve hours a day at his anvil; and Ex-Gov. Young, a brilliant and distinguished lawyer, a representative in Congress, and the present Assistant Treasurer ot the United States, began life as a country school master. The above are but a lew oi the many distin guished men of our country who have arisen to eminence through then own exertions, and hun dreds of others in our own and other <oua r;es, might be added to the list. Sir R-chard Aik w’right was the son of a poor miller, and an ap p<entice to a barber, and by his own industry and skill acquired a .'trtune ol S3S,OUU. Sir Robert Peel, late prime Minister ot Gieat Britain, and one of the richest Commissioners of England was the son of a weaver. Fergur&on was one of the most distinguished astronomers ol Eu rope, and was a most .'einarkable instance of self education. At eight yeais of age he was a simple shepherl boy. and his lather a commoa day laborer. Herschel!, a iso so highly distin guished as an aslrsnomer, was in youth a drum mers boy, to a marching regiment. One ol the best editors the Westminster Review could ever boast, and of the most brilliant w riters of the passing hours, was a cooper in Aberdeen. Ona of the editors of a London dai ! y Journal, was a baker in Elgin; per .aps the best reporter on the London Tinies, was a weaver in Ed inburg, the editor of the Edinburg Witness, was a stone mason. One of the ablest j ministers in London, was a blacksmith in Dun- ; at nuntley ; and the present leading machinist of the Loudon and Birmingham Rail w ay, was, ■ not many years since, a humble mechanic i'l Glascovv. These instances might be repeated i almost indefinitely, but it is unnecessary lor our present purp«»se. In short, there is no young ; man. particularly in this country, to whom the gatesuf honor and learning are closed. Worth and merit will always show themselves, and in a i community capable ol discernment, will always i be appreciated. We live under Institutions happily adapted to foster genius and confer proper distinction upon . the worthy, of whatever name or profession, and the pathway to honorable distinction is open to all. Here no royal pationage is required to re ward the fortunate individual who happens to make a decided “hit*’in mechanism or architec ture. No man in this country is less worthy the > honors of Knighthood, because he has not do l signed or constructed a " Crystal Palace It i required no gift of earthly monarch to confer up i on an American citizen the title of “Sir !’’ Here i every man is a nobleman, and none more noble than the industrious and intelligent mechanic. Here every mechanic is a free American citizen, and all who “act well their part.” however hum . ble their vocation, or obscure their origin, may 5 become noblemen in reality if not m name. . Then permit me to remark inclosing.—Let en , ! ergy, perseverance and spirit, be the mottu of our . mechanics. “Excelsior” their rule, and firmly ! ! adhering to correct and upright prnciplea, they . must and will succeed in the attainment of the s highest object of their pursuit.— Farmer and Me* t chanic. f ; Noble Sentiments.—This is an agreeable e world after all. If wc would only bring ourselves to look at the subjects that surround us in their L> . true light, we should see beauty where w r e be - ; held deformity, and listen to harmony where w r a heard nothing but discord. To be sure there iea ' great deal of vexa'ion and anxiety to meet; we 1 cannot sail upon a summer coast forever; yet rs we preserve a calm eye and a steady hand, we r can so trim our sails and manage our helm, as to * avoid t r .e quicksands, and weather the storms that threaten shipwreck. We are members ’ I of one great family; w’e are traveling the ■ same road, and shall arrive at the same goal.—• > We breathe the same air, are subject to B the same bounty, and we shall lie down upon 1 the Losom of our common mother. It is ■ not becoming, then, that brother should hate brother; it is not proper that fr end should deceive ' friend; it is not right that neighbor should deceive 1 neigh lx r. We pity that man who can harbor * enmity against his fellow, he loses half the enjoy ment of lile; he embitters his own existence. Let ■ us tear from our eyes the colored medium that invests every object w ith the green hue ot jealousy 1 and suspicion; turn a deaf ear to scandal; breathe ■ the spirit of charity from our hearts; let the rich ■ gushings of human k ndness swell up as a foun- tain, so that the "golden age’ will become no fie ion. and islands of the blessed bloom in more than "Hypernian beauty.” Kind words in the Family.—There are few families, we imagine, any w here, m which 'ove is not abused as furnishing a license for impolite .,e«s. A husband, father, or brother, will speak harsh words to thoe whom be loves the liest, simply because the security o! love and family price keeps him from getting his head broken. It is a shame that a man will speak more impo litely. at times, to his w fe or ’ms sister, than he would dare to any femab*. except a low vicious one. It is thus that the honest affecti- ns of man’s nature prove?© be a weaker protection tc woman in the lami:y circle, than the resti Jnta of society; and that a woman, usually, is in debted for the kindest politeness ot life to those not belonging to her household.—— Things ought not so to be. The man who, be , cause it will not be resented, indicts his spleen and bad temper upon those of his heartlistone, is a small coward and a very • eaa man. Kind words are the circulating med urn between tiue gentlemen and true lathes, at home. and no polish exhibited in society can atone k»r tne hard and disrespectful treatment too often indulged in between those bound together by God’s own ties ot biood. and the stnl more sacred bends oi con jugal love. Where is the Dictionary—The following is an exact copy of a note handed a few days since by a little French boy lobs school-mie tress, as an excuse for absence from school: ‘•Adolph he coulden com beeo® he diden flel . A lady’s name is signed at the bottom. W have not the pleasure of knowing the parties, but we would beg leave respectfully to repeat the question, "where is the dictionary ?— N. O. Pic, A Fine Edy op Emigrants. —The ship Glenlyon. Capt. Jamison, from New Rose, ar rived here on Monday, consigned to Mr. Graves, owner, with two hundred and twenty emigrants from Waxford, Ireland. We have never seen a I finer body of people from the old country than . the passengers oi the G enlyon —They are all healthy looking and well ciad. having the air and manners ot worthy and industrious people. Many of them come highly recommended in their vanous occupations.— Nnci, IQt/i tnsr. c« nll»grat »n. Areckwt fire in Portland, Maine, des‘royed ♦wenty-seven stores, damaged nine vessels, and < onsumed over one hundred thousand dollars worth of merchandise. There was an insurance i n goods and buildings for $7,030 ta ths Insu -1 anse aftd Boiuuixg Company oi this sity.