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Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
BY WILLIAM S. JONES.
WEEKLY
Cjmmitlt anirj&eittinel.
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POETRY.
From the Cincinnati Commercial.
MY BIKTH-DAY.
Strarure feeiings wildly throng nround my heart
On this my natal day. They seem to come
Like mournful spirits from the distant past,
And from the dim, sad future. Down, far down
Into my soul I gaic, and memory,
The wizard, that bears stray in that lone realm.
Calls perish 'd Joys and hopes from out their graves
And Idds them glow, and live, and breathe, and I
geera once again a happy chilli amid
The scenes of other days, with iong-iost friends
Clasping my hand, or sitting at iny side,
And murmuring in my ear their gentle tones
Os raolody ami love.
My natal day!
In other, happier years, I used to hail
its advent with a thrill of Joy and pride,
pnr then I deemed It hut an added link
To a young life that would forever wear
Tile lovely rose-tints of the morning heavens
That hung serene and beautiful uhove,
Unbroken by a storm-cloud, but to-day
A sigh, a tear, is in my soul, to tliinx
Wave after wave of my existence thus
Breaks on the shore of old Eternity,
And sinks to silence and to nothingness.
Here In my spirits’* awful solitude
I mu«e upon the thousand hopes that rushed
Impatient to life’s banquet, and expired
In tasting of the poison-cup they thought
A boon the gods might crave.
My birth-day! Years
Have (lorn and left me a lone mourner. Ono
Ily one I’ve seen the deeply, dearly loved,
Tlie friends ami guardians of my childhood, fail*
Ami witiier like the leaves when autumn sets
Ills many-tinted signet on the wood*.
Yet I, whose life hi this drear month began,
HUH linger darkly, sadly here to weep
For vanished stars and lovely blighted (lowers
That shed upon my life, in brighter years,
Their lustre ami their perfume. But with hopes
All crushed, ami eyes bathed in the heart’s best dew,
1 lift my gaze above the earth, and read
Upon the far sky’s blue ami starry scroll,
A beautiful and Imly promise. Uod
Watches and shields the lonely'orplian here,
Ay, He who kindly tempers the cold wind
To the shorn lamb, will temper life’s fierce storms
To itev who calls upon Ills sacred name
In deep ami fervent prayer.
My natal day!
’Tls slowly melting in the twilight now,
Ami soon its tints along the western sky,
That seem a rose-wreath on the brow of death,
Will pant away. My natal day, farewell!
Oil inay’st thou, if thy light shall ever come
To me again on earth, behold the hopes,
That droop ami fold within nty lonely soul
Their broken pinions now, soar poudly up,
And revel, ’mid the glories of the sky
Louisville, Ky. MATTIE
From the IxmlerlUe Journal.
Tito Wanderer.
I’alc pilgrim from the far-off Appcntnest
Wild devotee at all the shrines of old,
Whore mortal hearts may worship, there is strange,
Deep gloom upon thy brow, ,-uy was it tints
111 tliy bright boyhood? (ih, my childhood's friend!
Had, sad has been thy destiny. A heart
Which poured or Ih music, as the (lowers perfume,
Clasping its loneliness around it, went
Out to the coM, dark world, and struggled there,
Casting a mantle o’er Its holiest throbs,
And sealing up Uieir melody, until
The chords but echo with u fretful strain.
Oh, tliou hast wandered far in search of rest,
And found it not. (Hi, glorlus gifted one!
Tliy weary soul for long, long years has striven
With its deep sorrow, and I may but weep
To sec thee tints.
All, nil Is gay around.
And lute tones wildly swell, and ille away,
And there are murmuring sounds, anil low, sweet words,
Blent with the music, and thy pale protul form
Moves by with haughty scorn, thy amber hair
Besting In rich, bl ight waves, upon tliy brow,
And the wild beauty of tliy boyish days
Is still unchanged, Imt, oh, how could, how strange!
I reuil Hie spell, perchance a shadow rests
On tliy high heart, liorno up from buried hours.
Ah! thy full lip is quivering, and thy brow
Grows pale with agony—say Is it soV
Do thoughts of her, the gentle, loving one,
Who flung a life’s devotion at tliy feet,
HUH haunt thy writhing soul ? That last adiou,
Bay, does It linger still in “ memory’s” halls,
With walling sound f
Though proud and cold they came,
Those tmimu’red words, no chord within lior lirest
Echoed re-qainsc. Hite loved thee, oh, so well —
Grieved for tliy absence—breathed tliy name with prayers,
Ami blockings, till the pale, and quivering lips
Were stir red no more with music from her soul.
Alas ! though wild and wayward, was it well
In thee, to turn away with haughty words
Os scorn, and anger, from that loving heart ?
I watched her long, and saw in fitful gleam,
Os radiance on her cheek, the bloom of death,
Her hrow grew still more pule, and her dark eyes
Flashed out a glory like the midnight stars.
And then she tU /it. And tliou hast wandered far,
Far, far since then, but yet there is no homo
For thy lone spirit, un this weary earth.
I leave thee to tliy sadness, with deep prayers,
That jvuw may shed her rainbow hues above
Thy ireo/'g heart, when the deatli-angel comes.
Lavra Isirrimrr.
Cumberlandlron-Worlee , Tenn.
From the LenUtviUe Journal.
Tills is one of «.> very finest of the shorter poems of lta
accomplished author.
1 THINK OF THEM.
LT J. R. OARHICK.
I think of thee as of a l’leiad doomed
To wander down from its bright home in heaven,
Amid tlie changes of the world to roam,
A dweller on the earth.
I think of Hied,
And feel as none can feel, save him whose heart
Hath felt Its ornhantigc with mournful thoughts, |
Ami the deep chords of love imvl sympathy
Torn from tho idol that they cherished most,
Uy the stroug grasp of death.
I thluk of thee,
As of a flower upon .a withered stem,
That lingers on as bright and beautiful
As though its sisters bloomed with the same breath.
And mw with the same light and loveliness,
That beams above its growth.
1 think of tliee,
As one alone upon the lonely earth,
An exile from the native sky that smiled
Above thy younger days; yet thou hast made.
Sweet friends of stranger hearts ami stranger hands
Are ever wont to clasp thine with the thrill
Os Love’s impassioned welcome.
I think of thee,
As one whose hope all radiant from thy birth
Hath felt no blight, save that which comes upon
The heart in memory of the loved and lost.
Ah! yes I think of thee with thoughts that mock
AU utterance of speech, save in the word*
Os deep and holy eloquence that thrill
Angel with angel in the loveot heaven.
Glasgow, Ky., Jiui. lsiJ.
A Song of Other Days by o. w. tioi.Mßs.
As o'er the glacier's frozen sheet,
Breathes soft the Alpine rose,
Ho through life’s desert springing sweet
The flower of friendship grows,
And as where’er the roses grow
Some rain or dew descends,
'Tis nature’s law that wine should flow
To wet tho lips of friends.
Then once again before we part
My empty glass sliall ring;
And he that lias the warmest heart
Shall loudest laugh and sing.
They say we were not born to eat.
But gray-haired sages think
It meaus—be moderate in your meat.
And partly live to drink;
For baser tribes Hie rivers Bow
That know not wine or song;
Man leants but little drink below,
But tea nte that little rtrong.
” Then once again,” etc.
If one bright drop is like the gem
■That decks a monarch’s crown,
One goblet hoMs a diadem
Os rubies incited down !
A fig for Caesar’s blazing brow.
But, like the Egyptian queen,
Bid each dissolving Jewel glow
My thirsty lips between.
” Then once again,” etc.
The Grecian’s mound, the Roman’s uru.
Are Silent when we calk
Yet stiit the purple grapes return
To clutter on tlie wall;
It was a bright immortal’s head
They circled with the vine,
And o er their best and bravest dead
They p >urcd the dark red wine.
“ Then once again,” etc.
Mothinks o'er every sparkling glass
\ oung Eros waves liis wings.
And echoes o'er its dimples pass
From dead Anacreon’s strings •
Ami tossing round its beaded brim
Their locks of floating gold.
With bacchant dance and choral hrnia
Return the nymphs of old.
“ Then once again," etc.
A welcome then to joy and mirth,
From hearts as fresh as ours.
To scatter o’er the dust of earth ■
Their sweetly ruiugl, d flowers;
Tis Wisdom’s self the cup that fills,
In spite of Folly’s frown.
And Nature, from her vine-clad hills.
That rains her life-bio,-1 down!
“ Then ouce again,” etc.
A Golden Sentiment.—Tho Mowing exquisite,
tnorceav is from Longfellow's new poem, “The
Golden Legend
“There are two angels that attend unseen
Each one of ns, and in great books record
Our good and evil deeds. lie who writes down
The good ones, after every action closes
volume, and a-weuds with it to God;
The other keeps his dreadful day-book open
Till sunset, that we may repent; which doing
The record as the action fades away.
And leaves a line of white across the page.”
MISCELLANY.
Capture of the Guerrfere.
The following sketch of the celebrated action
between the Constitution and the Guerriere is co
pied from the N. Y. Evening Post, to which paper
it was famished by a “valued correspondent.”
Having; been sn American prisoner on board the
Guerriere, during the famous battle between that
frigate and the United States frigate Constitution, I
propose giving you an account of that important
action, which took place in Jane, 1812.
About two weeks previous to the engagement, I
left Boston in an American ship, which was cap
tnred by the Guerriere some five days before she
fell in with the Constitution.
It was about ten o’clock in the morning when the
Constitution was discovered. The Guerriere hove
to, to enable her to come up. As the Constitution
neared us, Captain Daeres lianocd me his glass, and
asked me what I took her to be. My reply was,
“She looks like a frigate.” Very soon she came
within reach of the long guns of the Guerriere,
wltich were tired, but with no otfcct, as tlie sea ran
high. The Constitution marie no reply; but, as I
saw, was manoeuvring for a position—during which
Captain Daeres said to me, “Do yon think she is
going to strike without tiring”’ I replied, “I think
not, sir.”
At this moment, seeing a severe contest was
about commencing, in wltich I could take no part,
being only a prisoner, I raised ray hat so Captain
Daeres, and said to him—“ With your j>crmission,
sir, I will go below, as I can take no part.” “O,
certainly,” said he, “and you had better go into
the eock-pit, and should aiiv of our men chance to
get wounded, I shall feel obliged if you will assist
the surgeons in dressing them.” “Certainly, sir,”
said I, and then descended into the cock-pit. There
were the surgeons, audsurgeons’ mates, and attend
ants, sitting around a long table covered with instru
ments and all necessaries for dressing the wounded,
as stiff as a funeral. Within one moment alVr mv
foot left tlie lower round of the ladder, the Consti
tution gave that double broadside, winch threw nil
in the cockpit over in a heap on the opposite side
of the ship.
For a moment it appeared a« if heaven and earth
had struck together ; a more terrific shock cannot
be imagined. Before those in tho cockpit had ad
justed themselves, tlie blood run down from the
deck as freely as if a wash tub full had been turn
ed over, and instantly tho dead, wounded and dy
ing, were handed down ns rapidly ns men could
pass iiiem, till tho cockpit was filled, with hardly
room for the surgeons to work. Midshipmen were
handed with one leg, some with one arm, and oth
ers wounded in almost every shape and condition.
An officer on tho table having his arm amputated,
would sing out to a comrado coining down wound
ed, “ Well, shipmate, how goes the battle V' An
other would utter some joke, that would make
even the dying smile, arid so constant and freely
were the playful remarks from the maimed and even
dying, that I almost doubted ray own senses. In
deed, all this was crowded into a space of not over
fifteen or twenty minutes, before tho tiring ceased.
1 then went upon deck, and what a scene was pre
sented, and how changed in so short a time.
Tho Constitution looked perfectly fresh—and
even at this time, those on board tlie Guerriere did
not know what ship had fought them. On tho
other hand, the Guerriere was a mere rolling log—
almost entirely at the mercy of tho sea—Her colors
all shot away, her main-mast and mizen-mast both
gono by tlie’board, and her fore-mast standing by
tlie mere honey-comb tho shot had made. Capt.
Daeres stood with his officers, surveying the scene
—all, all in the most perfect astonishment. At
this moment a bout wus socn putting off from the
hostile ship for the Gucrriero. As soon as within
speaking distance, a young goutleman (Midship
man Head, now Commodore Head,) hailed and
said: “I wish to see tho officer in command of this
shin.”
At this, Captain Dacros stepped forward and an
swered. Midshipman Bead then said : “Commo
dore Hull’s compliments, and wishes to know if
you have struck your flag ?”
At this Captain Daeres appeared amazed, but re
covering himself, and looking up nnd down, he
deliberately replied: “Well, I don’t know—onr
mizzen-mast is gone, our main-mast is gono—and
upon tho whole, you may say we have struck our
ting 1”
“Commodore Hull’s compliments, and wishes
to know if yon need the assistance of a surgeon or
surgeon’s mate I”
Cant. Daeres replied: “Well, I should suppose
you bad on board your own ship business enough
tor all your medical officers.”
Midshipman Read replied: “Oh, no; wo have
only seven wounded, and they were dressed half
un hour ago.”
Captain Daeres then turned to me, deeply affect
ed, and said: “How have onr situations been sud
denly reversed ! You are now free, and 1 a priso
ner!’’
All tho boats of both ships were now put in re
quisition to remove the wounded on board the
Constitution. Ho dreadful was the condition of
many of-them, that two days were nearly consum
ed in the removal; after which the Guerriere was
burned, with all her stores, armament, &e. Tlie
Constitution having recently come out of port, had
no room to tako scarcely an artielo.
Who can imagine, the joy I experienced in find
ing myself again under American colors, or the
pride i felt,.at finding, from Commodore Hull down
to the most humble man on board, an entire ab
sence of everything, liko a boastful or even a tri
umphant look, at their wonderful victory. Capt.
Daeros kept his state-room till we arrived in port.
About two hundred of his men were necessarily
ironed, as tho ship was so crowded. Charles Mor
ris, (now Commodore,) tho first officer of the Con
stitution, had a ball through tiis body, atul for sev
eral days his recovery was doubtful; during which
ho sent for inc to come to liis room, and I well re
member his perfect unconcern for himself, although
the surgeon liad apprised him of liis danger. Jkery
courtesy and kindness was by Captain Hull arm liis
officers extended to their prisoners.
On Sunday, about noon, the Constitution arrived
in Boston Harbor. I was sent on slioro in the boat.
Tho harbor between the ship and wharves was
now covered with boats to learn the news. To tho
first boats that we neared, we hailed, “ The Con
stitution has captured tho Gurricrc.” Instantly
tho two men in the boat took off - their hats nnd vi
olently struck them on tho side of the boat, and,
rising, gave cheer upon cheer. They hailed other
boats, and thus the air was rent with cheers, and
the victory passed along till it. reached the wharf,
and then it spread like wild-fire all over the city
and country.
It is now nearly forty years sinco the transaction
of that day proved to the Americans that British
frigates wore not invincible. Who can remember
that day, without feeling a glow of pride, that so
early iii tho war, and in a manner so unpretending,
a victory so perfect should have been aehioved 1 I
writo this statement without notes, but believe it to
bo true, in tho main, accurate.
In justice to Captain Daeres, I add, that there
was none of the boasting on his part, before the ac
tion, Which has to him been attributed, as lie did
not know tho ship, till Midshipman Head an
nounced her name and commander.”
-Benedict the Married Man.
We take the following beautiful sketch from Ike
Marvel’s new book, entitled “Dream Life.”
“You grow unusually ntniablo and kind : you
are earnest in your search of friends: you shake
hands with your office boy, ss if he were your sec
oiiu cousin. ’ You joko cheerfully with the stout
washerwoman; and give her a shilling over change;
and insist upotl her keeping it; and grow quite
merry at tho recollection of it. You tap your hack
man oil the shoulder very familiarly, nnd tell him
ho is a capital fellow; ana don’t allow him to whip
liis horses, except when driving to tlie post office.
Yon even ask him to take a glass of beer with you
upon some chilly evening, Vuu drink to the health
of his wife. 11c says he has no wife whereupon
von think him a very miserable man; and give him
a dollar by wav of consolation.
You think all tlie editorials in the morning pa
pers are remarkably well written, —whether upon
your side or upon the other, \ou think the stock
market has a verv cheerful look, —with Erie—of
which you arc a 'large holder—down to seventy
five. You wonder why you novor liked Mrs, He
mans before, or Stoddard, or any of the rest.
You give a pleasant twirl to your fingers, as you
saunter along tlie street: and sav—but not so loud
as as to bo overboard —'She is mine—she is mine !’
You wonder if Frank evor loved Nelly one halt
as well as you love Madge ? You feel quite sure he
never did.’ Y'ou can hardly conceive how it is that
Madge has not been seized before now by scores
of enamored men,.and borne off',like the Sabine wo
men in Romish history. You chuckle over your
future like a boy who has found a guinea ip gro
ping for sixpences. Y'ou read over tho marriage
service,—thinking of the time whon you will take
her hand, and slip the ring upon her finger; and
repeat alter the clergyman —’for richer, for poorer :
for better—for worse 1 A groat deal of ‘woreo’
there will be about it, you think 1
Through all, your heart cleaves to tliat sweet im
age of the beloved Madge, as light claaves to day.
Tho weeks leap with a bound ; and the months
only grow long when you approach tliat day which
1* to make her yours.' There are no flowers rare
enough to make boquets for her ; diamonds arc too
dim tor her to wear ; pearls are tame.
And after marriage, the weeks are even
shorter than bctorc : you wonder why on earth all
single men m the world do not rush tumultuously
to the altar; vou look upon them all, as a travelled
man will loot upsn some conceited Dutch boor,
who has never been beyond tlie limits of li}s cab
bage garden. Married’ men on the contrary, vou
regard as fellow-voyagers ; and look upon their
wives—uglv k* they mav be—as better than none.
Y'ou blush a little, at 'first telling your butcher
wliat ‘your wife’ would liko; you bargain with the
grocer for sugars and teas, ana wonder if he knows
you are a married man ? Y'ou practice your new
wav of talk upon your office boy ; you tell him that
‘your wife’ expects vou home to dinner, and are
astonished that he does not stare to hear you say
it !
Vou wonder if the people in tlie omnibus "know
that Madge and you are .fust married ; anti if the
driver knows that the shilling von hand to him is
for ’self and wife V Y'ou wonder if any body was
ever so happy before or ever will be so happy again ?
Y'ou enter your name upon the hotel w?oks as
‘Clarence —' —and lady;' and come back to look
al it—wondering if anybody also has noticed it—
and thinking that it looks remarkably well. Y'ou
cannot help thinking that every third man you meet
in the hall wishes your wife,’ nor do
vou think it very sinful in him to wish it. Y’ou
t'ear it is placing' temptation in the way ofeovteous
men, to put Madge'alittie gaiters outside tho cham
ber at night.
Your home when it is entered, is jnst what it
should be—quiet, small—with everything the wish
es, and nothing more than she wishes. TTie sun
strikes it in the happiest possible wav—the piano
is the sweetest toned in tlie world—the library is
stocked to a charm—sud Madge, that blessedtwife,
is there, adorning and giving life to all. To think,
4 er possible death, is a suffering you class
with the infernal tortures of the Inquisition. Y’ou
F’fojF twain of heart and purpose. Smiles seem
made for marriage ; and vou wonder how von ev
er wore them beiore.
Statue or Washington in Gexoa.—A Genoese
Gentleman has erected in his grounds, on a beau
tiful knoll overlooking t ha-harbor of the city, a
magnificent marble statue of Washington.
1 Father Mathew’s Eetckn to Ireland.— Father
Matthew, on his return to Ireland from the United
States, was received by his countrymen with every
demonstration of regard and esteem. The Com
mon Council of Cork presented him with an ad
dress of congratulation, to which he responded in
a speech of much feeling and eloquence, in the
course of which he thus referred to the people of
the United States, and the manner in which he was
received by them:
“No language, gentlemen, which you could
frame, can sufficiently axpress the measure of our
common obligations to the noble-hearted and gen
erous citizens of America. [Hear, hear.] You
liave had occular demonstration of their bountiful
sympathy, when, in the day of tribulation, you wit
nessed in your magnificent harbor the star-span
gled banner proudv floating over the frigate ‘James
town,’ the distribution of whose precious freight
(a great nation’s spontaneous offering on the altars
of humanity) saved innumerable lives within the
precincts of our famine-stricken country. I have
traveled thousands of miles in the great Western
Republic, and never have I experienced, not only
in tlie Capital, but through the wide extent of Ame
rica, aught but respect and kindness from its high
minded citizens. [Hear, hear.]
My transatlantic tour is fraught with a thousand
fond reminiscences never to bo forgotten, [hear,
hear,] and I fervently hope that the strong feelings
of sympathy and friendship which now exist be
tween the people of Ireland and America may con
tinue as permanent and durable as the many vir
tues they posse, sin common. [Load and’iong
continued applause.] Your allusion to my dear
expatriated countrymen, whom I had the
greater happiness of enrolling among my dhiciples,
lias touched a chord which vibrates through my
whole frame. Though painfully struck with the
sad contrast which our dearly beloved country pre
sents in many particulars’with the favored land
which 1 have recently left, I yet see no reason for
apathy or despair.
Ireland—this is not the place to investigate the
cause—is now passing through a severe transitory
ordeal, from which I trust she will ere long bright
ly emerge, and enter on that glorious career of
national prosperity to which her ample resources,
now in progress of development, most naturally
entitle her. [Hear, hear.] I feel delight in alrea
dy recognizing marked indications of a spirit of
industrial activity and enterprise, which, combined
with self-reliance and perseverance, cannot fail to
effect for her that social regeneration which it has
already accomplished for so many nations in the
history of mankind. [Renewed applause.]
An Incident for History. —Circumstances have
been developed, by tlie arrival in this city within
the last few days, ©f a family from California,
which we characteristic of our time and country.
They are these: In the spring of 1849, an emi
grant party started from tlieir homes in Western
Missouri for the land of gold. They were among
thousands of other hardy adventurers whose white
tents covered the Plains for many months, and
made the wild prairies of the northwestern territo
ry appear like tlie cump of an immense army.
During the ascent of the Sierra Nevada, a daughter
was born to one of the emigrants, and the occa
sion was celebrated by a general halt of the party,
and the devotion of a day to such festivity as the
place and their stores would permit. Tne little
stranger was named after the great mountain near
the summit of which she first saw the light, and
the emigrants resumed their toilsome march. The
placers were gained towards the olose of the year,
and a busy multitude were soon engaged in
withdrawing from the rich vally of tlie San Joaquin
the golden rewards of their toil. Our little emi
nent party became in a short time the centre of a
large population; houses were erected and streets
laid out, and the period arrived when a new city
should be incorporated and named. The incident
near the summit of the great Sieroa was not for
gotten ; and as the little girl, whose birth was
celebrated there, prattled upon tlie knees of the
founders of the new city, they declared that it
should receive its name from her, and it was called
Nevada. It is now a populous and thriving place,
and surrounded by sources of wealth and future
greatness; while the little girl, whose birth oc
curred when it was a wilderness and from whom
the name of the great mountain descended to it, is,
after having traversed California, sailed the Pacific
ocean, crossed the Isthmus nnd tlie Gulf of Mexi
co, still fondlod in her mother’s arms as they now
ascend tlie Mississippi towards tliat mother's early
home.
New Y’ork Police Report.— The Semi-annual
report of George AV. Masted, Chief of Police for tho
city of New-York, for the six months ending on
the 31st of December, 1851, embraces a compara
tive statement of the numbor of arrests made du
ring each month of the years 1850 and 1851, and
statements of tho whole nti/nbcr of arrests made
by members of the department and description of
offences from the time of its first organization to
December 31st, 1851, from which it appears that
there have been 189,646 persons arrested ina peri
od of six and a half years, of whom 18,793 were for
nssnult nnd battery ; 25,162 for disorderly conduct;
2,645 for fighting in the street; 44,888 for intoxica
tion, 35,048 for intoxication and disorderly conduct;
and 14,800 for vagrancy. Making 140,792 for of
fences resulting almost entirely from the free use
of intoxicating drinks.
For the six months ending on the 81st of Decem
ber 18,458 arrests were made, being an increase
over tlie previous six months of 680, consisting
mostly of persons arrested for intoxication or of
fences resulting therefrom. There were sixteen
persons arrested for murder, making thirty-six
persons arrested for that offence during the year
1851. Since the first organization of the depart
ment (six and a half years) there liave been one
hundred persons arrested charged with the com
mission of the crime of murder, averaging 15
and 1-8 persons for each vear. It is a fact worthy
of remark that of the whole number mentioned
above but one murder has been committed in 61-2
years with the view of obtaining money.
Mr. Mastell takes the opportunity again to invite
the special attention of the Mayor and City Coun
cils to the great and rapidly growing evil of youth
ful vagrancy, immorality and crime-existing in that
community and says that the subject domands tho
most effectual interference of a government conser
vative at once of the public interests and public
morals, nnd of tlie highest exercise of enlightened
philanthropy.
Tiie next AVorld’s Fair. —The New York Tri
bune says: AVe are to liave a “ AA’orld’s Fair ” in
New York the coming summer; for, as the projec
tors have secured a proper site and ask no public
nor private aid, wc do not understand tliat any
contingency remains. Indeed, wo cannot doubt,
in view of the perfect success of the London Exhi
bition, that a good ‘ Exposition of All Nation’s In
dustry ’ in New York will prove a profitable spec
ulation, and coin money for those who take the re
sponsibility of calling it into being.
Cultivation of Basket Willow in the United
States.— Mr. AVatson G. Haynes has addressed a
letter to Hunt's Merchant’s Magazine, communica
ting some interesting information in regard to tlie
cultivation and uses of the Ozieror Basket AYillow.
He thinks that four to five millions’ worth is im
ported annually, tho price ranging from $l2O to
$l3O per ton weight. The Salix A’iminalis is the
species best calculated for basket-makers. Not
withstanding representations that the fly will pre
vent its growth in this country, lie lias netted over
, all expenses the snug little suin of S3BB 75, during
the past year, from liis cuttings from two acres. He
thinks one hundred per cent, a year might be re
alized on this business.
Cure for Corpulency.— At a meeting of the
French Academy of Sciences in Paris, December
15, 1851, among other papers received was one from
M. Danecl on the development of fat in animals.—
It conveys the results of his observations on tlie
human species. Excessive corpulency is relieved
by an almost total abstinence from vegetables and
feculent substances, and by diminishing the quan
tity of drink, and increasing, whon necessary, the
quantity of meat usually consumed.
Magnificent Spectacle.— Tho bed of tlie Missis
sippi river, below the Falls, has presented a grand
scene during the past few days. The ice, which
forms far up the river, in coming over the rapids
and Falls, is crushed up fine, filling in against tlie
body of ice which had formed across the channel,
some miles below the Falls, on Thursday last. By
Friday morning the water had risen near 15 feet,
and the white field of ice had grown up almost to
the foot of the fall; at this stage, the body below,
unable longer to sustain the immense pressure,
gave way, and the whole plain of iee moved down
stream with a terrible crushing. We have been
iufornjed, by those who know, that this is the
first year in the last twenty-four, in wltich this has
occurred.
Finaxces of New Jerset.— From the message of
Gov, Fort, recently transmitted to the Legislature
of Now Jersey, it appears that the whole receipts
into the State treasury during the past year have
amounted to $139,166 20. Os this amount it is cu
rious to observe that $129,883 20 arc brought into
the treasury by the bonuses and per capita taxes
which the State exacts from the railroad and canal
companies whose improvements lie within her ter
ritory. No tax appears to be imposed by tho State
on any of the real or personal property of its citi
zens, the remaining $9,803, which make up its re
venue for the year, arising from the surplus earn
ings of the State Prison, pedlar’s lioenses, and in
terest on money invested. This may be a very
gratilViug fact to those who own property in the
State, but the honesty of the policy which fills the
treasury with the profits of monopolies, aud forces
the traveller through its territory to support those
burdens which should properly M on its citizens,
must be regarded as of a veiy questionable charac
ter.—Balt. American.
Quails Frozen to Death.— We learn from a far
mer in New Jereey, that numerous coveys of
Quails have been found frozeu to death lately in
that State. The snow probably aided in their
destruction, by shutting off their supplies of food.
Our informant himself saw three separate coveys,
one of eighteen, one of twelve and one often birds
all huddled, together as if striving to keep warm,
and frozen stiff. It is feared that there are few
left to continue the stock of this favorite bird.
T— w —bought a gallon of Otard at Brady’s to
taka home, and by the wtty of a label, wrote his
name upon the card, which happened to be the
seven of clubs, and tied it to the handle. Alder
man C coming along and observing tho jug, re -
marked,“That's an awful careless way to leave that
liquor.” “Why so,” said Tom. “AATiy ? Because
somebody might come along with the eight spot
and take it.” —New York Tribune.
Mackerel Isspectep in Massachusetts. —The
number of bbls. of mackerel inspected in Massa
chusetts, in 1851, was 329,279. This Isa larger
yield than on any previous year. In 1848 the in
spection amounted to 800,130, which was greater
than that of any other year until the present.
Louis Napoleon seems to fear assassination, ana
it is said that his carriage is made bullet-proof. The
ministers object to his appearing in public, even
with a strong escort of dragoons, riding with each
man’s right hand upon his pistol-stock. They are
afraid hs will be taken off.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY’ 4, 1852.
LIST OF ACTS
Passed by the Legislature at the Session oT 1851
>nd 1852,
197. For the prevention of foreigners peddling
in the State of Georgia.
198. To amend an aet entitled an act to protect
religious societies in the exercise of their religious
duties, approved Dec. 18, 1792.
199. To alter and amend an act entitled an act to
authorize the subscription by the State to the capi
tal stock of the Milledgeville and Gordon Railroad
oompany, passed 6th February, 1850.
2w. To incorporate and endow the Georgia
Academy for the blind.
201. To amend an act entitled an act to give to
al! persons employed on Steamboats and other
water crafts on the Chattahoochee, Altamaha and
Ocmnlgee rivers, a lien on said steam-boats or
water crafts for liis, her or their wages, and for
wood and provisions furnished, and to point out
aud facilitate the collection of the same, absented
to Dec. 7, 1841, so as to extend the provisions of
the same, and in saver of machinists.
202. To authorize James A. Straynge, an infirm
man, of the county of Jaeksou, as’aa itinerant tra
der, to vend goods, wares or merchandize within
the sixth < ’ongressioual district, without obtaining
license for the same.
203. To incorporate the stockholders of the Car
rollton Railroad company.
2>4. To change the name of Asa Couch of the
county of Elbert, aud for other purposes.
205. To exempt certain persons of Mclntosh
county from road duty, end other purposes therein
named.
206. To repeal the first section of an act entitled
an act to prevent lumber measurers from being
Clerks or agents of lumber buyers or lumber mills;
and to define the mode of measuring stocks or
hewn or ranging timber, so tar as the county of
Chatham is concerned.
207. To repeal the first and second sections of an
act approved 23d Feb. 1850, entitled an act to cur
tail tlie labor of the Supreme Court, and to reduce
the cost in said court, and to authorize amend
ments in said court.
208. To regulate the mode of executing the
bonds of Receivers of Banks, appointed according
tc the provisions of the aet assented to Dec. 13,
1842.
209. To give a construction to the fourth section
of the Statute of frauds, so lhr as the same relates
to a party defendant being chargeable upon any
special promise to answer for the debt, default or
miscarriage of a third person, <fcc.
210. To point out the mode of paying commis
sion to administrators, executors and guardians,
and for other purposes therein named.
211. To appropriate money to improve the navi
gation of the Altamaha, Ocmnlgee and Oconee
livers; and to appoint commissioners for the
same.
College at Macon, Georgia.
213.. To alter and ameud tlie militia laws of
Georgia so far as relates to the first regiment, first
brigade, first division, G. M.
214. To incorporate tho Sweet AYatcr Manufac
turing Co.
215. To change the name ofMurtha R. Harvev to
Martha. R. Dixon.
216. To compensate executors, administrators and
guardians in certain cases.
217. To incorporate the Bartlesville Male and
F'cmale High School, and to appoint trustees for the
eame.
218. To change tho name of Eliza Jarette of
Harris county to that of Eliza Hatchett.
219. .To incorporate the male academy at Atlanta,
and Flint River academy in Upson county, and to
appoint trustees for the'same.
220. To extend the charter of the Augusta Insu
rance and Banking Company.
221. To give the election of marshal and deputy
marshal of the city of Atlanta to the people, to
authorize their removal from office in certain cases
therein named, and in those cases to mako them
inelligible to re-election.
222. To compensate the grand and petit jurors of
Union county.
223. To incorporate the Baptist Church in the
town of Marietta in the county of Cobb, and to ap
point trustees for tlie same ; also, to incorporate
the Piscali Baptist Church in tho county of
Floyd j also to incorporate the Baptist ehureli of
Christ in Fayetteville in Fayetto county, and to
appoint trustees for the same.
. 224. To authorize the several railroad compa
nies of this. State to establish through rates for the
transportation and conveyance of produce, mer
chandise and passengers, over tlieir respective roads
jointly.
225. For the relief of Sarah G. Foster of Butts
county, and to grant her certain privileges.
. 226. To define and point out the mode of ser
vice of writs of scire facias.
227. To repeal so much of an act entitled an act to
change tlie names and legitimatize the persons
therein named, and for other purposes, approved
Feb. 16tli, 1850, so fur as relates to the change of
tho name of AA r m. Hardaway.
228. To fix tlie price of grants of lands in tlie
10th and 11th dist. of AVare county, sold under an
aet passed the 11th day of Feb. 1850.
*229. To change the name of Martha G. Nelson
and Charles Y’. Nelson, to that of Martha G. Cald
well and Charles Y. Caldwell.
230. To alter and change tho countv line be
tween the counties of Clark and Madison so as to
include the land and residence of Obadiah Thomp
son of the county of Madison in the county of
Clark.
281. To authorize a grant to issue to Henry S.
Roberts, illegitimate of Swain’s District, Emanuel
county, to lot of land number 102, of the 14th Dis
trict, 2d section of originally Muscogee county, and
to correct the record ih the different offices in rela
tion to said lot of land, so as to make it appear
that said lot of land was drawn by said Henry S.
Roberts instead of Sarah Roberts, as it now stands,
and to authorize the cancelling and destruction of
tlie grant now in existence from the State to said
Sarah Roberts illegitimate.
232. To add lot of land No. 62 in tlie seventh
district of originally Baldwin now Twiggs county
to the county of Bibb.
233. To alter and amend the 4th section of the
11th Division of the Penal code.
234. To incorporate a savings Bank in the city of
Augusta, and to incorporate and confer certain
powers upon certain associations therein named.
235. To authorize Rhaesae MeCroane of the coun
ty of Bulloch, him, his heirs and assigns, to build
a bridge across the Great Ogeecheo River, on his
own land, near tlie seventy mile station, Central
Railroad and to construct a crossway through the
swamp of said River.
236. To organize a volunteer Battalion in the citv
ofSavannah, to be called the Independent Volun
teer Battalion of Savannah.
237. To carry into effect tho amended Constitu
tion of this State in reference to the ordinaries of
said State, and for other purposes.
238. To change tlie name and legitimatize the
persons therein named and for other purposes.
239. To incorporate the Rome Branch Magnetic
Telegraph Company.
240. To incorporate the Central Female College
under the care of the Methodist Protestant Church
Georgia District, located inCulloden, and to incor
porate Mount A’ernon Academy in Butts county.
241. To incorporate certain Churches, Camp
Grounds, Academies, Masonic Lodges, Odd Fefo
lows Lodges, Divisions of Sons of Temperance
and other associations and for other purposes
therein named.
242. To amend an act entitled an act to autho
rize all free white citizens of the State of Georgia
and such others as they may associate with to
prosecute tlie business of manufacturing, with cor
porate powers nnd privileges, passed on the 22d,
Dec., 1547, so far as the Hancock Manufacturing
Company are concerned, and to incorporate said
company and to grant to said company certain
privileges ; to incorporate and confer certain pow
ers upon certain Gass Light Companies in Au
gusta and Macon.
248. To provide for the education of a certain
number of State Cadets in the Georgia Military
Institute, to defray the expenses of the same, auA
for other purposes therein mentioned.
244. To establish, change and abolish certain
election precincts therein named.
245. To require all wills of personal property to
bo executed and proved in the same manner as is
now prescribed by law for the execution and proof
of divises of real estate.
246. To change the time of holding the Superior
Courts of Richmond county and the court of Com
mon Pleas of Augusta.
247. To appropriate monev for the support of
the Government for each of the political years 1852
and 1853 and for other purposes therein specified.
245. Supplementary to an aet entitled an act to
levv and collect a tax for the political years 1852
and 1853, approved January 9, 1852.
249. For the relief of Ruben S. AVillingharu, tax
collector of Lincoln county.
250. To authorize a grant to issue to Thomas A.
Jones to lot of land No. 181, 10th District, Carroll
county.
251. To authorize the consolidation of the Stocks
of the Georgia Railroad nnd Banking Company,
and of the Washington Railroad or Plank Road
Company, incorporated sth Feb., 1850, and for
other purposes.
252. To incorporate Atlanta Lodge, No. 59, Per
ry Chapter No. 18, in the town of Perry, Houston
oonnty, and Houston Lodge No. 35, and Thnrmund
Lodge, No. 107, and Lincoln Lodge No. 78, and
Thomaaton Chapter No. 29, and Morning Star
Lodge, No. 27. of Free and Accepted Masons, and
Grcenesboro Division, No. 67, Sons of Temperace
and Ringtrold Lodge No. of Free and ac
cepted Masons.
253. To alter and amend an act entititled an act
to protect the estates of orphans and make perma
nent provisions for the poor, approved Dee. 18,
1792, so for as relates to the amount of tlie bond to
be given bv administrators; also to authorize the
6ale of real estate of free persons of color aud to
provide for the disposition of the proceeds.
£ 254. To amend an act entitled an act to incorpo
rate the Savannah Female Asylum in the city of
Savannah.
255. To authorize tlie Justices of tlie Inferior
Court of Cherokee county to examine and to allow
the Tax collector of said county, their insolvent
lists.
256. To authorise the Savannah and Ogeeehce
Cana] Companv to extend the Savannah and Ogee
ehee Canal to the Altamaha river.
257. Amendatory of so much of an act passed
by the Legislature’of 1849, as authorizes the City
Council of Milledgeville to levy and raise a tax on
the assessed value of the real ’property owned or
leased for the term of years within the corporate
limits of said city, so as' to extend the time within
which to raise an amount to pay the subscription
for stock in the Milledgeville aud Gordonßaiiroad.
258. To incorporate the town of De Soto in the
county of Floyd.
259. To limit the time for taking out grants to
the State's half and informer's half of any lot of
land fraudulently drawn in any of the land and
gold lotteries of this State and to’ provide for the
granting of the same after the expiration of said
time.
260. To appropriate money for the purposes
therein designated.
261. To change the name of JohnSheahan of
the county of Chatham, to the name of John The
odore McFarland, and to allow and qualify the said
John under the name of John Theodore McFar
land to inherit property from John McFarland of
Chatham county.
262. To alter and amend the first section of an
act entitled an act to alter and amend the several
acts in relation to itinerant traders and to pre
scribe the mode of obtaining license, approved
Not. 27th, 1845, so far as respects the county of
268. For the relief of the teachers of poor
children of the county of Hall for the year* 1844
and 1845.
264. To alter and amend the road laws so far as
they refer to Mclntosh county, so as to relieve the
hands subject to road dntv who are resident upon
Sapalo sland from working the roads upon the
main land.
265. To repeal the first section of an act approved
the 19th Dec., 1849, entitled an act to repeal all
laws respecting the importation of slaves in this
State and to give certain powers to municipal cor
porations in relation to slaves, and to amend the act
thereby revived.
266. To alter and amend the third section of
the first article of the Constitution of this State.
267. To authorize His Excellency the Governor
to cause to be corrected errors in the transcription
of grants in the office of Secretary of State, upon
certain conditions therein named.
269. To alter and change the name of Andrew
Jackscn of the county of Telfair, to that of .Andrew
Jackson Passmore, his reputed father.
269. To prescribe tho order of the argument of
cou isel in criminal cases.
270. To in' -orpate Fraternal Lodge No 37 of free
and accepted Masons, at McDonnoughin the coun
ty of Henry. Pcnton Lodge No. -of free
and accepted Masons at Baruesville in the county
of Pike, and Generous AA’arren Lodge No 24, of
free and accepted Masons in the county of AA’al
tOD.
271. To incorporate the Lanier Home Companv
at Macon.
272. To incorporate the Atapulgns Female Acad
emy in the county of Decatur, the Crawfordville
Academy in the county of Taliaferro, and tlie
StarksvilV Academy in the county of Lee, and ap
point trustees therefor.
273. To limit tlie lien of Judgment rendered in
any of the Courts of this State.
274. Amendatory of an act assented to 22d
Dee., 1834, to alter the laws relating to the cottn
t) Academies, ao far as relates to the county of
Said win.
Tib. To extend the corporate limits of the town
of Eatonton, to regulate licenses therein, and to
change the time of electing commissioners, and for
other purposes.
276. To alter and change tho line between the
counties of Lee and Sumter, so that lot No. 58,
15th Disriet, Sumter, whereon Moses AV.
Bryan resides, shall be added to and included in
the county of Lee, and to change the lines be
tween the counties of Lumpkin and Hail, between
the counties of Cobb and Cherokee and other lines
therein named.
277. To authorise the Governor of the State of
Georgia to issue a grant for a certain lot of land
therein •: entioned to Zadok Bonner upon the con
di ions therein specified.
278. To pardon James Mouchet, convicted of
murder on circumstantial evidence.
279. To amend an act entitled an act to exempt
from levy and sale under execution, certain pro
perty therein mentioned, assented to Dec. 11,
184l’, and to extend the provisions of the same.
280. To amend an act authorising certaiu commis
sioners to raise by lottery a fund lor the erection of
Monuments in memory of Green nnd Pulaski in
t e city of S .vannan, passed December, 1887,
and the original act of which the same is an
amendment.
281. To prescribe the rate of tax which shall be
pa d by tlie Macon and Western Railroad, and
the Rome Branch Railroad Companies, and
the manner and time of giving in and paying the
same.
282. To amend the road laws of this State, so
far as respects the counties of Columbia and Jef
ferson.
253. To incorporate the Lawrenceville Railroad
Companv.
294. To repeal the 9tli and 19th sections of an
aet incorporating the Gainesville Railroad Compa
nv, approved Dec. 28th, 1847, and for other purpo
ses therein mentioned.
285. To secure the property of minors against
the mismanagement of their Guardians by requir
ing bond ana security.
286. To alter und straighten the line between the
counties of Jasper and Newton, so as to include
the premises of Obadiah Fielder, A. 8. Bell, Aaron
Parker, William Pope, 8. Conway, D. M. Bell,
Christopher F'inclier and Andrew J. Fincher, in*
the county of Newton, und to alter the line be
tween the counties of Gordon and Floyd, and the
line between tlie counties ofAVilkes and Lincoln,
aud the line between the counties of Polk and
Paulding.
287. To render valid all records made, or other
ofiieial acts done in certain cases therein specified.
288. To authorize George L. Bird and others to
practice physic on the Homcepatluc system, and for
other purposes.
289. To amend an act entitled an act to alter and
amend the several acts in l elation to itinerant tra
ders, and to prescribe the mode of obtaining li
cense, approved Nov. 27th, 1345, so far as to in
crease the tax on said itinerant traders in the
counties of Pike. Franklin, Sumter and Stewart,
also to prevent tile issue of license to peddle, to any
other than citizeus of the United States, for any
county in this State, except Bulloch.
290. To outhorize Elijah J. Dupree of the coun
ty of Paulding, a minor, to transact his own busi
ness in the same manner and subject to the same
responsibilities as though he was of full ago, and
for other purposes.
291. To authorise the Superior Court of Baker
county to be held such time as may be necessary
to do the business, and to regulate the service of
Jurors in said county.
292. To authorise a grant to issue to Wm. P.
Hightower of Campbell county for fraction No. 151
in the eighth Dist., of originally Coweta, now
Campbell county, and also a grant to issue to Jef
ferson Allford o's the county of Upson for fraction
No 2, in the first District of formerly Troup, now
Meriwether county.
298. To authorize the Bock Island Factory of
Muscogee county, the Augusta Machine Works,
by their proper officers, the Coweta Falls Manu
facturing Company, the Howard Factory, and all
other Manufacturing Companies in this State, to
issue and sell the bonds of the Companies and se
cure the same, and for other purposes therein
named.
294. To incorporate the Dado Turnpike Compa
ny, and to grant certain privileges to the same.
295. To authorize Wm. McKinney, Thomas Kel
ly and H. W. Cannon to appoint some fij and pro
per per. on in lieu of O. T. Dickerson, should they
deem such a course necessary, to survey the first
and second districts of Kabun county.
296. To amend the laws regulating'the village of
Sparta in the county of Hancock, also to authorize
the city couucil of Augusta to make a donation to
the Augusta Orphan Asylum, and to incorporate
and confer cert in powers on said Association.
297. To amend the several acts in relation to is
suing grants on Head Bights in this State so far ns
to extend the time of granting the same, until the
25th of December, 1858, and to make valid certain
surveys and grants therein specified.
298. To amend an act to authorize the Savannah
and Albany Railroad Company to make and use a
plunk road and branches in connection with their
Railroad and branches, or in lieu thereof, approved
Fee. 21, 1850, so as to authorize the construction of
Macadamized, graded, or plank Roads, and for
other purposes therein named.
299. To appropriate and refund to Joseph Mar
shall, tax collector of Decatur county, a certain
sum of money therein named, and to reimburse
money to Uriah Smith, for over payment of Tuxes.
_ 800. To amend the acts incorporating Oglethorpe
University, and 'o appoint additional Trustees.
801. To incorporate the Baptist Church in Lex
ington, Oglethorpe county, and other Churches
and Camp Grounds therein named, also to incor
porate certain academies therein named, certain
Lodges of Masons and Odd Fellows and Divis
ions of Sons of Temperance, and to establish a
Ferry on Flint River and to incorporate certain
other associations therein named.
802. To incorporate the town of Jefferson in
Jackson county, to incorporate the proprietors of
the city of Brunswick, in the county of Glynn:
to confer certain powers upon the Mayor and
council of Columbus, and to amend the 7th section
of the act of December 86th, 1837, incorporating
the City of Millcdgeville. ■ s
308. To reduce the bond of the Sheriff of Musco
§ee county: from forty thousand dollars to twenty
ve thousand dollars, and to extend the provisions
of an act entitled an act to allow certain fees to the
Sheriffs of Chatham county r , approved January
18th, 1850, to the Sheriff of Muscogee county.
804. To amend the several acts heretofore passed,
incorporating and relating to the Southwestern
Railroad Company, and to authorize said company
to build and maintain a Railroad down the South
western Railroad, at Fort Valley, crossing the
Flint river to or near a place called Wolf Pen in
the county of Macon and there to join the Rail
road of the Muscogee Railroad Company.
805. To authorize the levying of a tax for the
perpose of building a jail m Blairsville, Union
county.
806. To amend the several acts passed in this
State, incorporating the Brunswick and Florida
Railroad company, and the several acts amendatorv
thereto.
807. To incorporate the Indian Springs Railroad
Company.
308. To confer oertain privileges upon certain
persons therein named, and for other purposes
therein mentioned.
309. To authorize the Central Railroad and
Banking Company of Georgia to lease and work
suc-h Railroads as now connect or may hereafter
connect with the Central Railroad and to authorize
the Boards of Directors of such Railroad Com
panies as now have or may hereafter have their
respective Railroads connecting with the said
Central Railroad, to make leases thereof for a
tenn of years, or during the continuance of their
respective charters.
810. To change the name of Margaret Jane
Brooks to that of Margaret Jane Chappel, and to
make her the heir at law of John B. and Margaret
W. Chanpel. *
311. Toamend an act psssed the 23d day of Dec..
1828, granting to the corporate authority of the
town of Macon, a certain tiact of land adjoining
the said town for the pmpose of preserving the
health so far as to declare the public regulations of
the City of Macon of force over said land, and to
alter and amend the 2d, 6th, 21st, 22d, and 84th
sections of an act entitled an act to alter and
amend the several acts incorporating the city of
Macon, approved Dec. 27,1847, so far as to change
the time of holding the city elections in Macon
and to amend the act passed the 22d of February’
1850, relating to the election of Marshal afij
Deputies for said city.
812. To alter and amend an act entitled an act
toinco «. uv f. cw York and Savannah Steam
Navigation Company.
813. To relieve James J. B. Crawford of the
county of Madison from the disabilities and pro
lection of minority.
814. To appoint trustees for the Camden county
Academy.
815. To regulate the practice of the Supreme
Court, and of the Superior Courts of this State,
and for other purposes, and to relieve snitors in the
Supreme Court, and of the Superior Courtaof this
State, and for other purposes, and to relieve suitors
in the Supreme Court, and to change the district
times and places of holding the Superior Courts.
816. To appropriate money to compensate cer
tain persons therein named, for pursuing and
erresting James Williams, who is charged with
the offence of murder, and to reimburse ’said per
sons for expenditures in having said James Wil
liam* committed Vo jail; and to appropriate a sum
of money to pay John Mnllin9, a reward paid by
him for the arrest of Alfred Crawford.
817. To add an additional section to tho act
supplementary to the act for the appointment of
comity officers, approved Dec. 4th, 1 1 99.
318. Amendatory of the Statute of Limitations.
319. To prescribe certain rules and regulations
to be observed by the several Railroad companies
in running engines upon their respective tracks,
and annex a penaty for the violation of tlie same.
820. To incorporate the Mount Zion Academy in
the county of Murray, and tlie HawkinsviUo Aca
demy, and mipoint trustees for the same, and tlie
Fort Valley Female Seminary or High School.
821. To change the time of holding the Superior
Courts for the county of Taliaferro, Madison and
Elbert and the Inferior Court of Heard.
822. To incorporate the Griffin Collegiate Semi
nary for young ladies and to appoint trustees for
the same.
828. To incorporate the village of Cave Spring
in the county of Floyd, and to provide for the
election of Commissioners for the same.
824. To incorporate the town of Marietta in the
county of Cobb, and also to enlarge the bounds of
said town, and to incorporate tlie same under tlie
name of the City of Marietta, and to provide for
the election of a Mayor and City Councilmcn, and
such other officers us may be required, and confer
upon them specified powers, and for other purposes
therein mentioned.
325. To alter and amend an act approved Dec.
22d, 1847, to compensate tho grand and petit
jurors of Campbell county, and to authorize the
Justices of the Inferior Court to levy an extra tax
for thatpurpose.
826. To authorize the Justices of the Inferior
Conrt of Dade oounty to levy an extra tax.
827. To legalize and make valid any process
heretofore signed by any Deputy Clerks, or which
may hereafter be signed by them.
328. To change idler and fix the time of holding
the Inferior Courts of the County of Early.
329. To amend an act entitled an aet to lay oft’
and divide the State into eight Congressional'Dis
tricts, and to point out the mode of electing mem
bers to Congress in each district, and to provide
against illegal voting, ro far as to reorganize Baid
Districts.
330. To confer upon the Justices of the Inferior
Court of the counties of Carroll, Hall and Lee, the
power of examining and allowing Tux Collectors
lnsblvent lists.
831. To revive nnd continue in force an act to
make permanent tho publio buildings iu the coun
ty of W alker in the town of Chattooga, to incor
porate said town aud appoint commissioners for
the same, assented to 22d Dec., 1835, also to define
the corporate limits of said town of Chattooga,
now LaFayette, in the said oounty of AValkor.
832. To’incorporate the Albany Bridge Compa
ny, and for other purposes therein specified.
383. To alter and repeal an act passed the 26th
Dec., 1837, consolidating the Academic and Com
mon Shod funds of the State of Georgia, and all
subsequent acts in relation thereto, so far as
relates to the county of Lowndes, and for other
purposes.
334. To alter and change the name of Robert
Fenn, formerly of Clark now AVilkiuson county, to
that of AYm. Robert Fenn, also, the name of Wm.
O’Neal of Lowndes oounty to that of AVm. Lindsey,
and to legitamatizo and change the name of certain
perpons therein named.
335. To incorporate an Institution for the pro
motion of moral and theological information, em
bracing common School Education, Arts, Science,
Law, Medicine, with apparatus, Books, Maps,
Charts, Printing establishment, &c., to be styl
ed a Southern Liberal Institute, at Griffin, in
the county of Spalding.
836. To provide for tlie education of the Poor.
837. To exempt certain persons of Pike county
from the perfomance of malitia duty, in certain
cases and upon certain conditions, and also to en
courage volunteer companies in said county, and
for other purposes.
838. To incorporate Carrollton Cliapter, No. 22,
Carrollton, Carroll county, Georgia.
839. To alter and amend an act entitled an act
to alter and amend an act for the better regulation
of tlie town of Monticello, in the county of Jasper;
and to authorize the Commissioners of the town of
Forsyth to pay a Marshal.
340. To amend an act to incorporate tho town
of Americas in Sumter county, assented to 22d
Dee.. 1882.
841. To incorporate the Griffin Synodical Col
lege, and to grant to Bueh corporation certain
rights, immunities and privileges.
842. To amend the acts incorporating and grant
ing corporate powers to the town of Bainbridge in
the county of Decatur; and to amend an act incor
porating the town of Cassville, assented to 27th
December, 1843.
843. To amend the road laws of this State, so far
as concerns persons constantly employed in con
ducting transportations, and repairing track upon
tlie different Railroads of this State.
844. To amend the several acta now in force,
regulating the fees of magistrates and constables
in the State of Georgia so far us relates to the coun
ties of Bibb, Richmond, Monroe nnd Lee, and to
provide for the mode of collecting the same.
345. To alter and regulate the times of holding
tlie Superior Courts of the Flint and Coweta Dis
tricts, to allow a longer time for holding a part of
said courts, and to authorize tho drawing of other
I'urics for u part of them, and to fix the time of
lolding the inferior Courts in the counties of Up
son, Fike and Spalding.
346. In relation to the issuing of change Bills,
and private banking, for the puuishment of the
same, and to authorize the Baiilss of this State to
issue bills of certain denominations and for other
purpose.
847. To incorporate tho City of Oglethorpe, and
to alter and ameud an aet to incorporate tlio town
of Oglethorpe, in the county of Macon.
848. To alter nnd amend and aet entitled an act
to incorporate the Muscogee Asylum for the poor,
to make provisions for their support and to author
ize the Inferior Court of Muscogee county, to bind
out poor children to said corporation under
certain circumstances, and to provide for their
education.
849. To create a new precinct in the county of
AVarren to be called Burmuda, and for other pur
poses therein specified.
350. To incorporate the Lawrenceville Manufac
turing Company.
351. To incorporate the Oglethorpe Bridge and
Turnpike Company, and to punish those who may
wilfully injure the same.
852. An act to be entitled an aet to grant exemp
tion, to Cavalry corps, nnd for the formation of
Squadrons of cavalry, and to confer certain privi
leges upon the Baldwin Bines.
853. To incorporate the Henderson and Marthas
ville Plank Road Company.
354. To antliorize the Mayor and Councilmen of
the City of Atlanta, and tho Mayor and Council
men of the City of Rome, to levey and collect a tax
within tho corporate limits of the said Cities.
855. To nutliorize the Inferior Court in Lee
cpnntv to build a Conrt House and Jail at Starks
ville, the present county site of said county, and
to authorize Baid Court to levy and have collected
an extra tax of not exceeding ono hundred per cent,
on the State tax for that purpose, for tne years
1852 and 1853.
356. An aet to be entitled an act to incorporate
the LaGrange Steam Mill Company, and for other
purposes.
357. To amend an act entitled an act ammenda
tory of and in addition to the various acts licreto
tofore passed in reference to tlie city of Savannah,
approved, Dec. 8, 1849, to allow an appeal to a
special jury in tlie Superior Conrt of Chatham
county, from any decision made under the sixth
section of that act, nnd also to provide for tho reg
istry of the name of all persons entitled to vote
for Mayor aud Aldermen of said city, aud to pre
vent pesons from voting for such Mavor and Al
dermen whose names are not registered.
358. To revive and make of force an act to in
corporate the Thomaston nnd Baruesville Railroad
Company, with power to construct a Railroad
from some point on tlie Monroe Railroad at or
near Baruesville in Pike county to the town of
Thomaston in Upson county, and to punish per
sons who may wilfully injure the same, and to
confer all corporate powers necessary to effect said
object, assented to Deo. 28,1839.
859. To prevent the evading of tolls on the plank
roads in the States of Georgia.
360. To authorize the city council of Columbus
to loan the bonds of said corporation for seventy
five thousand dollars to the Muscogee Railroad
Companv.
861. r to incorporate the Culloden Railroad with
powers to construct a Railroad from the town of
Culloden iu Monroe county to the town of Barnes
ville in Pike county, and there to connect with the
Macon and AVeste’rn Railroad, and to confer all
powers necessary to effect said object.
362. To compel persons owning five thousand or
more acres of land lying in the counties of Clinch,
Decatur and Rabun, to give in and pay taxes for
the same in said counties.
363. To incorporate the Coosa and Chattooga
River Railroad Company.
364. To incorporate the Georgia and Flordia
Railroad Company, and to confer certain powers
and privileges therein mentioned.
865. Amendatory of the general road laws of
this State, so far as relates to the county of Bald
win.
866. To authorize the Ordinaries of AVayne,
Bulloch and Montgomery counties to keep their
offices at their own residences.
867. To authorize the commissioners of public
roads of Chatham county to shut up permanently
the creek between YVhitemarsh and (Jutland's
Islands, and to exempt the people of Skiddaway
Island in said county from road duties for one year,
and their hands.
868. To authorize the Justices of the Inferior
Conrt of Cobb county in this State, to cause a new
Court-house to be built in and for said county of
Cobb, and to make valiid and binding ail such
contracts and agreements as the Justices of said
Inferior Court may make in regard to such new
Court-house, and to authorize said Justices of the
Inferior Court to secure the use of a house or room
in which the Superior and Inferior Courts of said
county may be held until the new Conrt-house is
completed,’ and for other purposes.
369. Th open and construct a Railroad from the
terminus ofthe North Carolina Railroad at or near
the Locust Stake on the line, at A thence by the
most practicable route, byway of Clayton, Rabun
county, to intersect the South Carolina Railroad at
Anderson Court-house. _ ,
870. To incorporate the St. Bla Plank Road
regulate the advertisements of Clerks,
Sheriffs and other State and County officers, ana
to provide for the preservation of the newspapers
containing said advertisements and for other pur
rK 37-L To incorporate the Macon, Perry and Alba
ny Plank Road Company, and to confer certain
Pm* inflate the Ogechee Plank Road
Companv and for other purposes therein nameT
374 T to incorporate the Columbus and Green
ville Plank Roald and Turnpike Road Company
and the Columbus and the Lannahassee Plank
and Turnpike Road Company, and the Atlanta and
Sweet Water Plank and Turnpike Road Company,
and for other purposes therein mentioned.
375. To incorporate the Columbus and West
Point Railroad and Plank Road Company, and to
punish persons for violating the same.
1 376. To relieve Robert H. Dixon of Talbot coun
ty from the operation and effect of an act to regu
late the returns of Executors, Administrators and
Guardians, approved 22d February, 1850, so as to
prevent a forfeiture of his commission as admin
istrator of the estate of A. Bedell.
VOL. LXVL-NEW SERIES VOL. XVI.-NO. 5.
877. To authorize Robert C. McCullock of the
city of Criffin and county of Spalding, to practise
medicine upon the Dutch and Indian system of
practice, and to charge therefor; and to allow
Bailey Kirbey of Rabun county to practise medi
cine and charge for the same.
878. To require persons applying for a writ of
habeas corpus ad subjiciendum in any State case to
give prosecutors notice of the tune and place when
said application will be heard.
879. To appropriate money to Jas. J. Tooke of
the county of Talbot, and to Thomas 11 . Pol hill
of the county or Jefferson, on account of tho over
payment of taxes.
The Tax Law.
Tus following is the Tax Act adopted by the lost
Legislature:
Ax Act to lory a»J collect a 71m for each of tho political
years 1852 and thomifler, until repealed.
Sec. 1. Tliat from ttud after the passage of this act, all
real and ]...sonal csh.te eithin this State, whether owned,
by individuals or corporations, resident or non-resident,
shall be U .ble to taxation, subject to the exemptions birein
afier specillcd.
Sec. 2. That the terms “real estate,” as used in this act,
shall be construed to include land itself, all buildings or
other articles erected upon, or affixed to, the same; all
mines, minerals, fossils, :< nd quarries in and under the same,
except mines belonging to the State, and the term “person
al estate,” as used in this act, shall be construed to Include
all chattels, monies, debts due from solvent debtors, wheth
er on note, bill, draft judgment or mortgage, or open
accounts, goods, wures and merchandise, capital invested
in shipping or tonnage, or capital otherwise invested, ne
gro slaves, pleasure carriages, public stocks, and stocks in
monied corporations; also such portion of the capital of in
corporated companies liable to taxation on their capital
as shall not be invested in real or personal estate.
Bsc. 3. That the following property shall be exempted
from taxation, to wit: All exempted from taxation, by the
Constitution of-the State or of the United States, every
building erected for the use of and used by u college, incor
porated academy or other seminary of learning, every
building for public worship, every school house, court
house, andjail, and the several has whereon such build
ings are situated, and all the furniture belonging to each
of them, all books and philosophical apparatus not held as
merchandise, and fur the purpose of sale, every poor
house, alms house, house of imfantey, and any house be
longing to any charitable institution, or connected with the
same, the real and personal estate of any public library,
and other literary associations, all stocks owned by the
State and by literary and charitable institutions, also all
plantation and mechanical tools, all household and kitchen
furniture not above the value of three hundred dollars, not
held for purpose of sale, or as merchandise, libraries—all
poultry and S2OO value of other property belonging to each
tax payer, and also the annual crops and provisions of the
citizens of this State, and all fire arms and other instru
ments, and all munitions of war not held as merchandise,
wearing apparel of the tax payer and family, and the
holder or owner of stock in any Incorporated company
liable to taxation on itscapital shall not be taxed as an
individual for such stocks.
Sec. 4. That all lands held under warrants, and surveyed,
but not granted by the State, shall be liable to taxation In
the same manner as if actually granted.
Sec. 5. That all monied or stock corporations deriving
income or profit from their capital or otherwise, except as
before excepted, shall be liable to taxation.
Sec. 6. That each and every free person of color in this
State betwcecn the ages of eighteen and fifty shall be taxed
annually the sum of five dollars.
Sec. 7. That the sum of five dollars shall be levied upon
all practitioners of Law or Physic or Dentistry and Da
guerrean arts.
Sec. 8. That each and every male citizen between the
ages of twenty-one and sixty years, shall be taxed annual
ly hereafter, twenty-five cents.
Sec. 9. That the receiver of tax returns In each county,
shall receive all returns to him on the oathß of the persons
making them and at such valuation as they may affix, and
if any person shall fail to make a return, or to affix a value,
the receiver shall make such valuation, assess the tax there
on from the best information in his power to obtain, and in
cases where no return is made or no valuation made by the
persons returning, he shall aesess a double tax.
Sec. 10. That it shall be the duty of the receiver to
assess all real and personal estate not returned, or not
assessed by the person returning the same at the full market
value.
Sec. 11. That the receiver of tax returns shall require all
persons to give hi each and every tract or parcel of land,
lie or she may own, specifying its location, quality, and the
number of acres, if known, and the aggregate value, includ
ing the value of the buildings, machinery, toll bridges or
ferries on the same, a classification of the personal estate
subject to taxation, as defined In the second section of this
act, specifying the number of negro slaves and their aggre
gate value, and the aggregate value of all other chattels,
moneys, debts due or to become due from solvent debtors In
whatsoever form, aud each classification shall be entered in
separate columns.
Sec. 12. That the Receivers of tax returns throughout the
State shall administer to each and every person giving in
his or her taxable property, the following oath, to wit:
You do solemnly swear (or affirm) as the case may be, that
the account which you now give in is a just and true account
of all the taxable property which you were possessed of,
held or claimed on the first day of January last, or was In
terested In or entitled unto, either in your own right or in
the right of any other person or persons whatsoever, as
Parent, Guardian, Executor, Administrator, Agent, or Trus
tee, or any other manner whatever; amt that it is not worth
more than the valuation you have affixed to it, to the best
of your knowledge and belief—so help you God.
Sec. 18. That it shall be the duty of the several tax Re
ceivers within this State to take in all taxables herein be
fore enumerated, and enter the same in his book or digest
with the appraised value thereof, following the c lassifica
tion specified in the second and eleventh sections of this act,
and return a copy of the same made out in fair and legible
hand writing, to the Comptroller General, and one to the
Clerk of the Inferior Court anil tax collector, on or before
the Ist day of July In each year, In which digest shall be
carefully made out, an abstract, stating each subject of
Taxation, the amount of aggregate value of each, the num
ber of acres of land, number of slaves, polls, free persons of
color, professions, Ac.
Sec. 14. That when the Comptroller Ceneral shall have
received said digests, he is hereby required to examine the
same carefully, to detect any error or errors therein con
tained, and having corrected the same, if any shall be found
to exist, he shall then foot up each column and ascertain
the aggregate amount of each of the digests, and report
the same to his Excellency the Governor, who with the as
sistance of the Comptroller shall assess such a rate per cent,
not exceeding 12th of one per cent, on the entire amount
as will raise an amount of revenue corresponding to the
wants of the State, and notify the several Tax Collectors
throughout the State of the rate per cent, so imposed, aud
the numant to be collated by him in each county.
Sec. 15. That the amount so required to be assessed and
collected, shall not exceed the sum of three hundred and
seVfhty-Qve thousand dollars annually.
Sec. 16. That the amount of tax to be paid annually to
the State upon the amount of real aud personal estate taxa
ble under this act, shull be one-twelfth of one per cent.,
which shall be levied and accounted for according to the ex
isting law, together with the poll tax and tax on practi
tioners of law, medicine, free negroes, dentists, Daguerre an
artists.
Sec. 17. That it shall be the duty of the Comptroller Ge
neral, with the assistance of the Treasurer, after the re
turns of tax have been made by the tax receivers of the
several counties in this State, to make an estimate of tho
sum total of taxes which will be raised under this act ac
cording to the per cent, assessed, and if it should appear
that tiie sum total should oxceerl the amount of taxes re
quire! by this act to be raised; then tlq; Comptroller Ge
neral shall is-uc his circular directing Uic tux collectors es
this State to make such deduction in an equal ratio upon
every thing taxed according to value, at will reduce the
sum total cf taxes, as Dearly to the amount required by this
act to be raised, ns Is practicable. The Comptroller speci
fying the per cent, deduction necessary to be made.
Sec. 18. That the tax receivers and collectors shall re
ceive the same compensation now allowed by law.
Sec. 19. That to net the digest a3 provided for In the Tth
section of the act of 1845, for the receivers, the default list
shall he deducted, and for the collectors the insolvent list
shall be deducted from the total umount of the digeste, and
that all taxes due and payable under nny of the provisions
of this act, shall be paid in gold or silver, or in the hills of
specie paying Banks of this State.
Sec, 2U. That the fourth and fifth sections of an act pass
ed the 22d of February, eighteen hundred and fifty, to levy
and collect a tax for each of the political years, 185 U and
1851, and thereafter be, and the same are hereby continued
in full force anil effect, saving excepting so much of the
fourth section as In the following words to wit: not being
over sixty years of age, or valueless from decrepitude or
disease.
Sec. 21. That nothing in tills act shall be so construed as
to relieve Banks, Railroads, or agencies of Foreign Banks
from any special tax heretofore assessed on them or any of
them.
Sec. 22. That all laws and parts of laws militating against
this act, except such parts of the tax acts now in force in
this State, as may be necessary to carry out this act, and
which are declared in full force, be, and the same are here
by repealed.
Tho Revolution in Chill.
The following letter, which we have received
from our intelligent and reliable private correspon
dent in Chili, will bo read with interest. It is from
a source certain to be well informed, and its state
ments, therefore, may be relied on:— X. 0. Pica
yune.
Santiago, Cniu, Nov. 24, 1851.
There lias been no abatement in the civil war in
Chili since my last, but on the oontrarv it contin
ues to rage with increased violence. Even the la
dies and clergymen have caught the contagion, and
many of them are taking an active part in favor of
the revolution. Writs have been issued for tho ar
rest of a leading and popular priest of Santiago,
while it is understood that the whole body of the
clergy in the north have joined the revolutionary
party. Dona Rosa Carrera, a widow lady, who re
sides in this city, received a notice from tho au
thorities not long since, to the effect that her pre
sence in the city was incompatible with tho public
safety, and she was ordered to leave, which she
declined to do, but sought an asylum in the house
of the Peruvian Minister, where she remains. Two
ladies, who were ordered to leave Valparaiso, took
refuge on board the U. 8. frigate Raritan, now in
that port, and have been refused permission to re
turn to their houses under penalty of imprison
ment in the common jail, Tho first named lady is
the sister of Carrera, who is at the head of the rev
olutionary party in the North. She is wealthy,
accomplished, and related to the first families m
Chili. Her step-father was the President of the
Senate at the last session of Congress.
On the 28th of October there ooourred a severe
conflict in Valparaiso, in which the Government
was successful, with a loss of about fifty in killed
and wounded. The loss on the other side is not
About the same time the miners of Chanareitlo
rose, to the number of two or three thousand, and
committed most shocking atrocities on persons and i
property: burning, and otherwise wantonly dc- j
stroving tales of goods and barrels of flour, which
thev were unable to carry off, to an amount exceed- I
ing‘ SIOO,OOO, besides plundering and filling up i
valuable mines, &c. .
The latest intelligence from Coqmmbo was to
the 16th. The city was bombarded the night be
fore many hundreds of balls and shells having
been thrown into it by the Government forces, who
have closely invested it for months. The revolu- ;
tionists liave fortified themselves and main
tain a stout defence.
The latest accounts from the South are to the
20th inst., by which it appears that Gen. Bulnes,
the commander of the Government forces, had
sufficient address to avoid Gen. Cruz, the revolu
tionary commander, who had fortified the south
bank of the river Nuble, and cros-ed that stream
several leagues above; that Gen. Cruz then fell
bock, and that Bulnes was advancing upon him;
that there had been a severe skirmish, principally
between the cavalry of the two armies, in which
Cruz's forcos were routed with the loss or two guns.
It is understood that a portion, say 150 of Bufr.ai’s
cavalry, have gone over to Cruz, and that another
portion had been cut off by the Aruneavo Indians,
to whom Gen. Bulnes sent an officer with an es
cort for thejpurpose of inducing them to join his
standard. There is but little doubt that both par
ties have made overtures to these Indians.
This country presents a gloomy picture at this
time. Martial law is in force; the ports are closed,
all business is interrupted, the prisons are filled,
even the penitentiary with State criminals; while
hundreds have ben killed iu battle, transported to
the Straits of Magellan or condemned to be shot.
It is much to be feared that unless there be a
speedy close to thiß unfortunate strife. Chili is des
tined to lose her proud title of the model Republic
of the South.
t i
On Tussday night we witnessed a brilliant dis- j
play of Aurora Borealis, lighting up the Dortbe. i
sky. It was visible nearly all night, and at tunes
was very bright.—A". F. Cam.
Prince Esterhazy and Kossuth.
Yesterday we published an extract from a lottcr
of Count Batov any, a compatriot of Kossuth, ex
pressing his opinions of tho Mngvar’s course. Be
low we give an extract from a letter of Prince Es
tkrhazy, who was likewise a prominent and dis
tinguished actor In tho Hungarian struggle :
“ There were at the head of several departments,
1 as I mentioned before, men of trustworthy oharac •
tor, who labored under no illusiou ns to the politi
cal tendenoy aud tho clandestine plans of their
colleague, and endeavored, although unsuccess fill,
to counteract them.
“I may dispense with pointing him out. His
name is but tyo much heard in England, whore
the would be friends of Hungary have prepared for
bun a reception, showing a striking contrast to the
evidence ot high treason, and to the calamities and
misfortune which, by subversive schemes, he
ho brought on his country, as woll as to tho state
in which he left it at tl.o moment of his flight.
“It is evident that two ways were open to the
pursuit of those patriotic views wbioh he boasted
of. One of them was the path of legality, in devo
ting his tin Jeninble ability to the task of effacing
the means employed in extorting concessions front
the crown.
“But the secret motive which guided him, his
vanity, aud tho party ta which lie was devoted,
drove him into the opposite path, and following
this direction ho brought oo tho catastrophes of
which his couutry has been the theatre, and was
himself led to acts of treason, with their just con
sequences. This result of the proceedings, of
winch lie was at onoo the moving power and the
instrument, tho frequent difference betwcou his
words and hits deeds, and his reluotance to act man
fully, in cose of need, bv courageously exposing
his life, have now, 1 think, blotted out among the
majority of tho nation tho phantasmagoria of his
unpropitious influence.
To tliat the last blow was given, when, socing
the end of his ephemeral power fust approaching,
he resorted to the republican utopias, more intend
ed, I apprehend, for exportation to foreign markets,
than for home consumption in our own, as 1 can
luvrdly think him capable of such an egregious
mistake as really to indulge in tho"hope of'making
such a scheme palutuble to a population w hose ge
nius, traditional history, feelings, and habits, are so
eminently monarchical and aristocratic.”
Count Batthyany and M. Kossuth. —lt seems
only proper and right that Count Casimir Bntthya
ny, who equally with Kossuth was engaged heart
and soul in the struggle for Hungarian indo
pendouce, should have a hearing among us, who, as
a people, cordially sympathise with all who have
labored for liberty and independence. Tho fol
lowing is the oonolusiou ot a long letter from this
distinguished patriot, published in the London
Times. It deserves to bo thought ovor
Moan while, my own decided opinion on the sub
ject is this—tliat Kossuth has not the least right to
set himself up as tho solo and exclusive represen
tative of his country—not tho least right to reas
sume the titlo of Governor and tho functions of
Dictator, as lie does in his address from I’russia to
the citizens of tho United States; aud that it is a
most unwarrantable, us well as most illogioa), pro
ceeding on his part to contend, ns lie does in the
same documout, that the Hungarian nation could
not legally outer into any engagement or adopt any
measure that would be incompatible with the act
by which lie was raised to the dignity of Governor:
it being obvious, even if lie had not resigned this
dignity, that when the nation was reconstituted
on its former constitutional basis, its legal repre
sentatives in Diet assembled would have the right
to act in whatovor way they might deem the most
conduoive to the welfare of the country.
I am also of opinion that, so far from following a
sound policy in wishing, as lie docs, to remodel the
reformed constitution of 1848 and engraft on it
principles of republicanism and unleavened de
mocracy—principles which are at variance with our
national laws and institutions, as well as with the
manners, customs, and genius of tho people—he
would have acted more wisely aud rendered a
more esseqtial service to his oountry, if after his
liberation from the thraldom of detention, lie had
appeared before tho world in the simple character
of a private individual. The conspicuous part
which lie took in tho affairs of his country, ana his
subsequent misfortunes, would have secured him
general respect, while the modesty of his demean
or, by effacing from the minds of bis countrymen
the recollection of the faults and errors ho eommit
od, and through which Hungary haß been brought
to her present state of misery and servitude, would
have given him a precedence by courtesy among
Ills companions in exilo, and placed him m a posi
tion to receive that useful advioo and assistance
which they would have gladly offered him for tlio
purpose of hereafter repairing, by a course of sound
and moderate policy, the injuries inflicted on tho
land of their birth.
But instead of acting in this muuner, he lins set
himself up as the Dictator of him countrymen. It
is, therefore, tho snored duty of thoso who, al
though far from wishing to fetter his activity, are
not disposed to udinit his claims, publicly to pro
test against liis proceedings. Without dwelling
tmy longer on tho weighty motives for caution
which may be deduced from his past caroor, I will
merely observe that, his pretension to be still re
garded ns Governor is the more bnrefacod from tho
circumstances attending his resignation. The cir
cumstances are these: He was summoned by
Gorgey and three members of the ministry to re
sign. He instantly complied, and resigned the
governorship without convening the council of
state, that he wiib bound by law to consult on every
important occusion. lie resigned without intimat
ing his intention of doing so to the tin eo other min
isters, (of which I was one) and who were, conse
quently, quite unawaro of the fact. He did not
resign his authority into the hands of the minis
ters—as under such circumstances he was hound
to do—but into the hands of Gorgey. He even in
vested Gorgey with a power and authority with
which he lmd not been invested himself—viz: the
dictatorship. He delegated a power which he only
held himself personally, and in suet provisionally,
by a direct maudnlo of tho Diet. lie resigned in
tho namo of the ministry, which ho had no right
whatever to do.
Although it may be safely affirmed that he was
in a state of inorul and physical coercion when he
gave in his resignation, it must be borne in mind
that lie voluntarily confirmed this actwhon he was
free from all restraint, and could never be persua
ded to reossumo his abandoned power, neither ot
Lugos, in the midst of General Bern’s army, nor
subsequently at Mehndia, when Bern urgently re
quested him to do so, and try the last chance tliat
remained of Buecesg, to which request ho again re
turned a negative answer in writing. By thus
acting, he abandoned Hungary to her Site, and ex
posed all those who had taken a part in the war to
the vengeance of Austria.
He confirmed bis avowed intention of retiring
into private life by crossing tho frontier and unter
ingtrie Turkish dominions beforo the capitulation
of Vilugos could possibly be known to him, and
while there were still fortresses and armies in Hun
gary by which the national came could have been
sustained. In liis letter of refusal to General Bern,
he in fact suggested the expediency of calling to
gether some eminent men in order to form a Pro
visional Government. On his arrival at Widdin,
he again publicly doclared (in a letter since publis
hed,) his resolution of retiring into private life—a
resolution which for a short time ho acted upon.
The Young Astronomer. — Wo gather from a
Western correspondent the following interesting
facts connected with a life of the young Kentuckian
who has lately become attached to the U. 8. Patent
Office at Washington ;
W m. C'hauncy Langdon, although occupying tho
post of a scientific offices under the government, is
now barely twenty years of age. 11l first became
interested in the science of Astronomy at the age
of twelve years, whileutNew Orleans,by the eomet
of 1848 and the lectures of the celebrated Dr. Lard
ner, which made their appearance there simulta
neously. Since then, though suffering strangor vi
cissitudes of fortune than frill to tho lot of many at
so tender an age, he has always been devoted to its
study. In the autumn ol'lßso, ho graduatedat the
Transylvania University, at Lexington, and went
adrift upon the world, to pursue (at the inssance of
Mr. Dodd and other professors of tho University) a
scientific life. An unexpected invitation to deliver
a few lectures at Lexington (in the absence of the
regular professor) sent him to Cincinnatti for prep
aration, where, under tho guidance of the learned
Prof, Mitchell and others, who saw liis rising tal
ent, he was enabled to prose his studies moro thor
oughly than ever. He returned to Lexington with
a course of six lectures, but his failure was so sig
nal, that lie delivered only two of them. The good
people of Lexington could not understand how a
mere boy whom they had known as a college stu
dent among them for two or three years, could en
lighten them cm any subject, and they would not
go to hear him. Young Langdon, however, was
hot discouraged, and shortly afterwards (during
the winter of’so-’al) he delivered the whole course
in two or three other places, and with complete suc
cess. At this time, his ago being but nineteen
years—he was appointed an adjunct professor or
lecturer on Astronomy in one of the Kentucky
Colleges. About the time of the meeting of the
American Scientific Convention in Cincinnatti last
May, the notice of Profit, Henry, Bache and other
distinguished members of that body became
strongly directed to the youthful savant, and
upon their return. to Washington they securod for
him at their own instance (and without his solicita
tion or knowledge)theapixnntmentof Assistaut Ex
aminer to Dr. Lane in the Patent Office.
. His first appearance on the lecture stand wince
his removal from the West will shortly be made in
Baltimore, before the Maryland Institute, when he
will deliver a course of three lectures upon his fa
vorite subject. The interesting character of the
young lecturer’s history, and tho beautiful subject
upon which he will speak must secure for him a
highly flattering reception.
Exaggeration. —ls there be any mannerism that
is universal among mankind, it is that of coloring
too highly the things we describe. We cannot be
content with a simple relation of truth ; wc must
exaggerate : wo must have “a little too mnoh red
in the brush.” Who ever heard of a dark night
that was not* ‘pitch dark ?” of a stout man who
was not “as strong as a horse ?” or a miry road that
wan not “up to the knee ?” We would walk “fifty
miles on foot” to see that man who never carrica
turcs a subject on which he speaks. But where is
such a man to be found ? “From rosy morn to
dewy eve,” in our conversation, we are constantly
outraging truth. If somewhat wakeful in tho
night: “we scarcely had a wink of sleep if our
sleeves eota little damp in a shower, wo are as
wet as if dragged through a brookif a breezo
blows up while we are “in the chops of the chan
nel ” the waves are sure to “run mountains high
and if a man grows rich, we si say he “rolls In
money." No later than yesterday a friend, who
would shrink from wilful misrepresentation, told
ns hastily as he passed that the “newspaper had
nothing In it but advertisements.”
Noble Reply of a Circassian Cunt?.—“Surren
der !” was the summous of General Rosen to Ham-
Bad Bey, “surrender! resistance is in vain; the
hosts which I bring against you are numberless as
the sands on the sea shore 1” “But my hosts,”
was the answer, “are like the waves of the sea,
which wash away the sands 1”.