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BY WILLIAM S. -TONES.
WEEKLY
CjjrMtclc an&Jictttiitel.
qosii gwrr? 3CMTgaa f
THE WEEKLY
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
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CHRONICLE &. SENTINEL
DAILY AXDTBI-WKKRI.Y,
An aho pul,listed at this ofllco, and mailed to aabeertbera
at tte foUuwm* rataa, namely:
Daily Paraa, If sent by mail, IT par annum.
Tsi-Wsselt Pirsa, 4« ■
TERRS Os iDYERTISISfi.
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BY AUTHORITY^
TAX LAW.
Ah Act to levy ruul coUeei a I'nar for each ofthe political
year* IV/l arul I*s#, arul thereafter, until repo Ur* l
fipr eo* 1. So it enacted by the Senate and Hone* of Re*
prevent'iti tte of tike State of (Ivory la, in General Avecmbly
met, mtd it i* hereby enacted fry the authority of the vame.
Tliat from ami after the imtnag# of thin act, all raal
anil pertoual e*Utu frlthio this fciate, whether owned,
hy Individuals or corporations, resident or non-resident,
shall I* liable to taxation, to the exemptions herein*
after *]*ctlfo<!.
Hoc. 'I, Ami be it ffurther enacted, That the term “real
estate,“ m oufml in this act, shall be construed to Include
land lUielf, all buildings or other article* erected upon.
or afllxe 1 to, the same ; all mines, minerals, fossils, snd
quarries in ami under the same, except mines belonging to
the .State, and the term “pertonal estate,” as used in this
act, shall be construed to include all chattels, monies, debts
due from advent debtors, whether on note, bill, draft
judgment or mortgage, or open accounts, goods, wares
and merchandise, capital invested in shipping or tonnage,
or capital otherwise in routed, negro slaves, pleasure car*
tiagiw, public stocks, and stocks iu monied corporations;
also such portion of the capital of incorporate'! companies
liable to taxation on their capital as shall not be invested
In real or personal estate.
Hue. H. And be it father enacted. That the following
projiertj shall be exempted from taxation, to wit: All
exempted from taxation, bjr the Constitution of this
Plate or under the Constitution of the United States, all lands
bei nging to tills fltate or the United States, ewy building
emsted for the use of and used by a college, incorporated
academy nr other seminary of learning, every building
fir public worship, every school house, court house,
and snd the several lots whereon such buildings
are situated, and all the furniture belonging to each
of them, all books and philosophical apparatus not held as
merchandise, and for the purpose of sale, every poor
house, alms house, house of Industry, and any house be
longing to any charitable institution, and the real and per
sonal estate belonging to any charitable institution oroon*
titx-ted with the same, the real and personal estate of any
public library, ami other literary associations, all stocks own
ed hy tiie .'‘tale and hy literary and charitable institnonr. also
«!l plantation and mechanical tools, all household and kitch
en fimlturenot above the value of throe bundled dollars, not
held f «r purpose of sale, or as merchandize, all libraries—all
poultry and $2<H) value of other property belonging to each
t tx payer, and also the annual crops and provisions of the
citizens of this State, and all Arc arms and other instru
ments, and all munitions of war not held us merchandise, and
nil wearing apparel of the tax payer and family, ana the
holder or owner of stock In any Ineorpirated company
liable to taxation on iiscapital shall not be taxed as an
individual for such st >ck.
Hit. d. And be it further emuded, Th\t nil lands held
under warrants, and surveyed, but not granted by the
Htato, shall be liable to taxation in the same manner as if
actually granted.
H«k f>. And be U farther enacted, That all monied or
Mtock corporations driving income or profit from their
capital or otherwise, except as before excepted, shall be
liable to taxation.
Smc. 0. Antt be U further enarte*/, That oach and every
f. person of color in this State betweeen the ages of
eighteen and fifty shall be taxed annually the sum of live
dollars.
Hno. 7. And belt farther enarted, That the sum of live
dollar* shall lie levied upon all prsetitioners of Law or
Pliys o or Dentistry and Daguen ean Artists.
H*i!. fi. And be it further mulcted. That each and every
male citizen between the «ges of twenty-one and sixty
yens, shall be taxed annually hereafter, tweuty-Avecents.
. W w . !». And be it farther enacted , That the receiver of
tax returns In each county, shall receive ail re urns to him
on the oaths of the per«otiv making them and at such val
uation as they may affix, and if any person dull fall to
make a return, or to atfl < n value, the receiver shall make
such valuation, and •**<*< the tax thereon from the best Infor
mation In his power to obtain, and in cases where no return
is made or no valuation made hy the |iersous returning, he
shall a;.at'* a double tax.
Hko, 10. And t*e it further enacted, That It shall he
the duty of the r&j<slrcr t» assess all real and personal es
tate not return#! or not assessed hy the ixirs m returning
the same at the I'ull market value.
Hue. 11. And be U further mulcted, That the receiver
of tax returns shall roipiire all I'ersons to give in
each and every tract or parcel of land, he or she
may own, •purifying its location, quality, aud the num
ber of acre*, if known, and the aggregate value, includ
ing the value of the buildings, machinery, toll bridges or
ferries on the same, n clunsillctitioH of the personal estate
subject to taxation, as defined In the second section of this
act, specifying the number of negro slaves and their aggre
gate value, an I the aggregate of all other chattels,
moneys, debts due or to become due from solvent debtors in
whatsoever form, and each classification shall be entered in
sttparuht columns.
Stce. 12. And be it further enactid, That the Deceiver*
of tax returns throughout the State shall administer to each
and every j»or*oii giving hi his or her tniable property,
the f-Mowing oath, to wit: You do solemnly swear (or
itiDrin) as the owe may he, that the account which
you now give in is a just aud true accsunt of all
the taxable property which you were possessed of,
held «v claimed on the first day of January last, or was in
termite liu or entitled ante, either hi your own right or In
the right of any other person or persons whatsoever, as
Parent, Guardian, Executor, Administrator, Agent, or Trus
tee, or any other manner whatever ; and that it Is not worth
more than the valuation you have affixed to it, to the beet
of your knowledge aud belief—s*> help yon God.
i?wc. 18, And be U/artier enartody Th u It ulitl) be the
tlufjr of the gereral tnx ILvoirrm witliia tip* fltate t* j
Ltkt in aII taxable* herein before etmm vate»l, an 1 1
eater the name hi Ilia book or iligeHt with the »j»- I
praised value thereof, follow! ig the cloMiflcation *peci- '
bed la tho Mound and elevouth sections of this act, 1
ami return a ropy of the Mine made out in air and legible 1
hum! writing, to the Comptroller General, undone to the '
Clerk of ilia Inferior Court and me to the tax collector, on or
before the Int day of July iu each, year hi which digest shall
be carefully m ule out, an abstract, stating each subject of !
Taxation, the amount of aggro# ite value of each, the num
ber of acree of hmd, numW of slaves, polls, free persons es 1
color, professions, d-ntlsta and deguarre.m Artid*.
Bee. 14. And le it foii.’ier enacted. Tint when the
Comptroller Genoral shall have received said digest, I
In Is hereby required to examine the same carefully,
to detect any error or errors therein contained, and
having corrected the same, if any shall be found to 1
exist, hr shall then foot up cirk column and ascertain
the aggro# ite amount of each and all the digests, and report 1
tho sumo to his Excellency the flpremor, who with the m
ahtanco of the Comptroller shall u.«.«ss* such a ruts per cent,
not exceeding 1 I'ith of one per cent, on the entire amount
hm will raise an amount of revenue corresponding to the
wants of the State, and notify tho several Tax Collectors
throughout tho JHate of the rate per cent, so imposvd, and
the amount to he c<dieted by him In each county.
&*c, IIS. Ami twit fa thf emi , 'M( % That the amount *o
required to be junesoed and collected, shall not exceed ths
•um of three hundred and seventy-lire thousand dollars
annually.
Sw, 18. And he it furtheO' That the amount of
tax to be paid annually to the State upon the amount of real
and personal estate taxable under this act, shall he 1 12th of
one per cent., which shall he levied and collected ami
uncounted for according to the existing law, together with
the |Kill tax and tax on practitioners of law, medicine, free
negroes, dentists, and Dague'rean artists.
SeC. IT. Amt he it furtherenacted hy the authority ,\fore
aufcf, That it shall he the duty of the Comptroller Ge
neral, with the .assistance of the Treasurer, after the re
turns of taxes have been made by the tux (receivers of the
several counties iu this State, to make an estimate of the
sum total of taxes which will he raise l under this act ac
cording to the cent, ass rased, and if it should apjicar
that the suiu total should exceed the amount of taxes re
quired by this art to he raised; theu the Comptroller Ge
neral shall ujsug his circular directing the tax collectors of
this State to make such deduction in an equal ratio upou
every thing taxed according to value, as will reduce the
sum total of taxes, as neafly to the amount requires! by this
net to be raised, as la practicable. The Comptroller speci
fying the percent, deduction necessary to Ik* made.
Bec, Is. Amt tw it farther -vurcfo/, That the tax Re
ceivers and collector* ahull receive the same compensation
now allovro l by law.
Sec. It*. And tw it further enacted, That to net the
digest* as provided for in the 7th section of the act of 1545,
fill* the receivers, the default list shall he deducted, and for
the collectors the Insolvent list shall be deducted from the
t otal amount of the digests, and that all taxes due and
payable under any of the provisions of this act, slull lie
paid in gokt or silver, or iu the bills of specie paying Hank*
of this Stale.
S*e, .J mi he it further emteted, That the fourth
and fifth sections of an act parsed the 2*3,1 of February,
Hghtecn huiidrc 1 and fifty, to levy aud collect u tax for
each of tile political years, 1 SSO nnd 1851, and thereafter,
l»e, and the same are hereby continued In full force and
etf. ct, saving and excepting so much of the fourth section as
in the fallowing words, to wit: not being over sixty years
of age, or valueless from decrepitude or disease.
Sec. 21, And he U ftirVier enaiied % That nothing in this
act sliaß bo so construed as to relieve Bank*, Railroads, or
agencies of Foreign Hank* from any special tax heretofore
assessed on them or any of them.
Set*. 22. And be it farther etutctnl, That all laws and
parts of laws militating against this act, except such part*
of the tax acts now in force iu this StAte, as uiay be ne
cessary to out this act, and which are declared in
full force, be, and the same are hereby repealed.
JAS. A. MERIWETHER,
Speaker of the House of Representative*.
ANDREW J. MILLER,
esident of the Senate.
Aptoxived, 9th January, In>2.
HOW ELL COBB, Governor.
WPPLEMBXTARY TAX ACT.
AN ACT supplementary to an act, tntited an act to levy
und collect a tax for the political year* 1562 aud 1852, ap
proval January 9, JSS2.
ifHnuus, by the fifteenth section of the above entitled
a<*; to levy and collect a tax for the political years 1862 and
d is enacted that tho sum of tluve hundred and sev
enty-five thousand dollars shall be raised for the «mpi>ort of
the Government of this State for each of said years; and
whereas, by the fourteenth section of said act, it has been
further enacted, that to rabe the said suui, for said political
years, qot more than one-twelfth of one per cent, shall be
assessed on tho actual value of all the property liable to
taxation under the provisions of the above entitled act:
aud w hereas, nts Excellency, the Governor of this State, in
a special n»os*ap» made to tlie House of Representatives,
has expressed his doubu whether the said sum of three
huudred an« seventy-five thousand dollars, necessary for
the support of the government of Uiis State for each of the
s ud political years ls%_ and tssß, con be rained by tho as
sessment of only onc-twelnh of one per cent, on the estinia
tt4 value of the property to taxation under Mid
act, ami ham recommended to the General tacmblv as a
precautionary measure, in case the said rate per cent, spe
cified in snid act shall not be sutikieiu to raise the said sum
for said political years 1853 and 1858, t 0 p*s* an act supple
plcmentary to said act, authorising him aud the Comptrol
l t General, on the return by the several tax Receivers of
this State of the Digest of pivqierty subject to Uxation un
der the provisions of said act, and the value of the same,
and upon the examination and fating up of said Digest It
shall satisfactorily appear to them that the said sum'of
three hundred and seventy five thousand dollars cannot
be raised by an assessment of one-twelfth of one per rent,
on the value returned in said Digest, that they may be au
lL.orir.ed aud empowered to increase the said rate pfr cent,
so much, and no s ticker, as mqjf b<* sufficient to riu*t th*
suid sum of three hundred and seventy-five thousand dol
lar* as aforesaid: now, therefore, for remedy whereof,
Smmox Ist. Be it enacted by the Senate and Iloueeof
KepretmtatitH of the Stale of tleorgta % in (renewal A»-
, **whly omt, and it «* hereby enacted by the authority
the t ime, That if, upon the return by the several Tax Re
ceivers of this State, of their respective Digreta, contain
mg tks property subject to taxation, and ite talus, in pur
wtaruv of the proriskm. ms ire contained in the .aid act en
titled aa act to lew aud collect a taa for the political rearm
IS6. and 1868, it .hall appear to his Excellency, the <i»T«r
nor, and Comptroller General of this State, upon the exami
nation and footing up of the sains, that the raid eum of
three hundred and Mrenty-fire thousand dollar*, necessary
fir the support of the Government of this Sthtf, for tft*
said political yean, cannot be rateed by an aeeeeament of
one-tweith of on. per cut. on the aggregate Tain, of nil
the property aa returned by aakl Digest, and anhtect to tax
ation, then, in each case, it shall and may be lawful for His
Excellency the Governor and Comptroller General of thia
State, and they are hereby authorised to increase the aaid
rate per tent, specified In aaid tax act, to much, and no
more or further, than Trill be suffleien t to raise the mid «um of
throe hundred and mvopty-fiv. thou,and dollars, necaamry
for the Mipport of the Government of this State for eneh es
the political year, aaaformald; and thereupon forthwith
to teaue aa order to each sf the lax eoOcetere of this State,
requiring them, and each of them, to proceed and collect
and receive of and from gach tag payer the amonnt of his
so tax at and after the rate pee bent, ao increased, and ntcee-
Vaary for thepuipo.ee nforemid.
\ Sec. S. Atut h* if>rt*er enacted by On authority afore
•qid. That when the tax collector of any county -a.n
hereafter Inue an execution for taxes In arrow, the same
shall be directed to nil and Mnguiar the Sheriffs and con
•tablet of this State, end .hall b. levied by either officer
when the tax due doe. not aimed thirty dollars; hot
where the tax exceeds that eum, the execution shall ha
levied by the Sheriff alone, and aaid officers .hall be Habit
M" r ' ' W *' ' 1 ■*"' l I*"" 1 jf^iii,iiw || ii 1 i || wiiniiii--'
AS ACT to raquire >ll Wilis of ptnonal property, to bo ex
tented and proved in the same manner as is non prowr.b
td by be, far the execution sad proof of Devisee of real
e.taie.
Bac. I. Be it tmuinl by Mr Senate and Route of Repre
tentative* of the State <f Cea-gia, in Central Ammblu
ntd, and it i* hert'oj entwted by the authority of the tame,
That from and after the font day of done next, all will, and
toatamenu of personal property .hall be in writing, and
signed by the party so will in* and bequeathing the same, or
by soair other perron in hit presence, and by his express di
rections, and stall be attested and Hteerihed in the pres
ence of the said testator by three or four credible witnesses,
or else they .hall be utterly void and of no effect.
Bee.*. And be itfurther mooted hy the authority afire
•aid, That all laws and parts of laws now of force In this
Bute, and applicable io the Rerocatioo of devises of real et
tate, shall extend to Wills and testaments of personal pro
forty.
doc. i. And be it further enarted by the authority afire
•aid, That all laws and parts of laws now of force In this
Btale, prescribing the mode of proof of dc rises of real esUte,
are t-ereby extended to Wills and testaments of personal
property.
Hoc. 4. And. It itfuritur enacted by the authority afore
taid. That this act shall not be cooatnied to extend to nun
cupative wilts.
Sac. 5. And bt it furl her enartnl by the authority afore
taid, that aa soon a. this act shall be passed, it shall be the
doty of the (lovernor to caus.- the same to be published in
three or more of the public Uazettes of ibis State, at lei«
once hi every week unto the first day of June nest, sad that
an laws snd parts of laws militating against the provisions
of this act, be and the same are hereby repealed.
Approrsd list January, 1152. fcbl.wj 1
mSf PIMI ACADEMY.
rpHK THLBTEK* of the Mount Paron Academy bar#
X the {Meaaure to announce that they have necured the
aerrlccH of Mr. and Mr*. It. ¥. Sun.r, of Auguste, for the
prevent year, where esnineut qualification* and long expe
rience in teaching are fully Bufficient to insure the utmost
success to the enterprise, and give a high-toned impetus to
that exalted spirit of Education now *o universally preva
lent in our country.
It is due to Mr. Neely to state, that he is a graduate of
Trinity College, Dublin, where he received the first distinc
tions of his Class; that he has hud fifteen years of practi
obl experience, and bring* numerous letters of warm ap
proval from former employers.
Mrs. Neeiy is a graduate of the Staunton Female Semi
nary, V«., snd from long experience gives every assurance
that she is eminently fitted for the duties of her station.
The Trustees hare the most “anguine hopes that the In
stitution will be permanently established, and are determin
ed that it shall be inferior to none In point of Educational
advantages, a* they will employ Teachers of the highest at
tainments only. The Scholastic year will be divided into
two Be**ions of five month* each; the first commencing the
2d MONDAY of FEBRUARY.
The rates of Tuition are a* follows, vis:
Orthography, Reading, Writing and Arithmetic, $6 pr. See.
English Grammar and Geography, with the above, g “
Mathematical, Natural, Moral and Intellectual
Science*, 10 M
Latin and Greek, 15 M
Embroidery, Drawing and French, 8 “
The Mount l'aron Academy is located in a healthy region
of country, eight miles weft of the Carter*ville Depot, aud
in the midst of a population where the temptation* to vi
cious and Immoral conduct are few.
Further particular* rosy be had by applying to any mem
ber of tiie Board of Trustee* at Euharlu Po»t Office, Cass
county, Georgia. T. W. BRANDON,
1). GARRISON,
K. B. PRKBBLY,
W. 11. DYKES,
T. U. LIGON.
jsW-wfi Trustees.
GEORGIA Iff I GIT Alt Y IYSTITCTE,
MARIETTA, GEORGIA.
IMIK Hi;CO\D NKHfIIOX of this Institution com
me lice* on MONDAY', the 12th of July, 1852.
The Institution U organized upon the usual plan of four
Collegiate Classes. The following is a synopsis of the
Course of Studies of each Class:
FOURTH CLASH.
Arithmetic, Algebra, Geometry, English Grammar, Geog
raphy, Composition and Declamation. French.
TUI HO CLASS.
Trigonometry, Mensuration, Surveying, Descriptive Ge
ometry aud its application*, Analytical Geometry, French
Drawing, Composition, Rhetoric, History.
8HCON!) fIR.AHH.
Differential and Integral Calculus, Natural and Experi
mental Philosophy, Astronomy, Chemistry, Drawing, Evi
dences of Christianity, Moral and Mental Philosophy.
KIRMT CLASH.
Natural History, Mineralogy, Geology and Physiology,
Political Economy, Law of Nations, Civil and Military En
gineering, and Civil Architecture, Infantry Tactics, Science
aud Practice of Artillery.
No Cadet will be admitted who is less than fourteen, or
more than twenty-five years of age ; or who i* afilicted with
any disease or infirmity which would render him unfit for
military duty.
The Cadet* will lie occupied about one hour and a half
each day In military exercises; but at *uch time* a* not to
interfere icith their regular ntudie*.
The Course of Instruction, regulation* and discipline of
the Institution have beeu published in pamphlet form ami
will Im forwarded to any |a*r*on dediing more minute in
formation, by tbeir addressing the .Superintendent, Maj. A.
V. BIiUMKT.
TKRMH:
Each Cadet, a* soon as he is admitted, and tafore he is
permitted to join his C!a*s, in the recitation rooms, must
pay over to the Superintendent the sum of SIOO, for which
a receipt shall t»e given him in full for tuition, boiril, wash
ing, fuel, light*, field music, and all other contingent ex
penses, for one brhhion ok fivk MONTiiM, and for each suc
ceeding session, SIOO IN ADVANCE.
Tuition aloue (for resident Cadet*) per sesnion, payable
in advance, s2f>
Contingent Expenses, $2
Cadets from a distance must provide their bedding and
room furniture. These articles can be purchased in Mari
etta upon reasonable terms.
By order of the Board of Trustees.
DAVID IRWIN,
JaSß*w6m President Board Trustee*.
EAST TENNESSEE FEMALE INSTITUTE,
KNOXVILLE.
TJtUfcTF.IX.
K. Ai.exandmr, Clitu’u, F. s*. Ukihkhll,
T. W. Ilcmn, He. A. M. White,
C. Wallace, M. Matxard,
J. 11. Cowan, M. M. Gaines,
Gko. M. WfiiTß, 1. Law is,
C. 11. Coffin, U. W. Churciiwrll.
Mu. L, McCluvo.
Kit. aud Mrs. J. R. DEAN, Principals.
nnilK l»ltKHI<;.\T 81>*l<>.\ wUI terminate on the 27th
1 FEBRUARY', snd the Bununer Session commence
MARCH Ml}, to continue fire month*.
The advocate* of a tho:ough iutellectuul training for the
youth of Imth sexes, are respectful’)'invited to ox amine the
present claims of this institution.
The idea that the young lady must rest content with less
rigorous discipline in her course of mental culture, than is
awarded to her brother, is discarded as unworthy a just
estimate of the female mind, which equally delights in rig
orous intellectual effort, and cannot but hr dissatisfied with
what is too frequently doled out as a “finished educa
tion.”
Young ladies designing to become Teachers, will here find
every facility for suitably qualifying themselves for that most
interesting snd responsible station.
It is believed that unusual f:cilitie* are also afforded for
acquiring the French language. Instruction iu it is given
by a lady conversant from early life, with Par'Han*, and her
pupil* are train.-d to write, speak aud think, in this as
readily as in tbeir naive tongue, by familiarising them with
the differ -nc*** in tho idiom and grammatical construction of
each—this, no one not prac'ica’l.v acquainted with the pecu
liarities of the English language equally with those of the
French, can so well accomplish.
In Instrumental Music, the strictest accuracy in time i*
secured b/ a process eminently successful. Any amount of
reference can be given if drdred, as to the rapid and en
during progress in this department, of numerous former pu
pils in this and other {Rates.
In Vocal Music all are Instructed —not to sing a few
pieces hy imitation—but to peifo’m from the printed page,
at sight, music they hare never heard ; and drilled to main
tain independent pnrfa. While this is a source of recreation
to the pupil, it L«"al.*o one of discip'ine and refinement. And
thus in every department is there that thoroughness which
never falls to gratify the deairet* of the truly intellectual
student.
Episcopalians, Baptists, Methodists, Presbyterian*, Con*
gregation%'.i*tti, and |»erliap* other denomination*, are har
moniously represented in the school, which in its religious
influences, is free from anything of a sectarian tendency.
The location of the Institute budding* is most delightful.
The commanding view from its ample grounds, of river and
mountain scenery, is unsurpassed even in this romantic sec
tion of the Union.
for five uionths (invariably in advance,) $5, sll
and s!.*>, according to studies pursued, with $1 contingent.
Music, lfiano or Orgsu s2*>. Other Instrumental Instruc
tions and Ornamental branches, as heretofore.
Ticket* of admission to be had *f the Treasurer—Mr. Will.
L. White, at the Book Store.
felw4* HU. 1.. M’CLUNG, Fec’y.
PUIUDCITHIi COLLKfIiE OF HEOICUE.
Fifth Street , a fne /Joor* South qf Walnut.
qPHK HI»UI.\G COIRBK OF LECTIREh, for 1552,
1 will be commenced on MONDAY, MARCH 8, 1852, at
5 o’clock, I*. M. Degree* will be conferred about the 10th
of July, 1852.
nuaiMXT:
Hon. J. It, BURDEN, M. D.
ract loir:
Jauw McCuktoci, M. I)., Burge-y.
Rfifin Van Dtk*, M. D m Mal(eri.x Medicaand Tlicrapeutic!-',
Tiioua* D. MircuKU-, M. D., Theory and Practice of Me
dicine.
Jamk* Bryan, M. D., Institutes of Medicine aud Modical
Jurispralencc.
Kxka 8. Carr, M. D., Chemistry.
Jamas McCijktocr, M. D., Anatomy.
Fkku'k. A. FintAituT, M. D., Obstetrics, Ac.
Gao.. llkwston, M. D., D« uonstrator of gVnatomy.
g3T“ Matriculation Fee, paid once only, $5. Full Courre
|A4. For those who have attended two Courses in other
College*, #45. Pen>etual Ticket, #l5O. Dissecting Ticket,
#lO, The foe will be received by the Ifean, who will issue*
ce titivate entitling the Student to the various ticket*. Full
Course Caiuli.lates for Graduation will be furnished with
the ticket for the Pennsylvania Hospital without charge.
tST" The Winter Sessions for 1552-53, will commence on
the Uth October, 1852.
For further information, inquire of
JAMES MoUIdSTOCK, M. D., Dean.,
No. 1 North Eleventh street.
Philadelphia, Jan. 5,1852. ja22-w8
CHARLESTON PREPARATORY MEDICAL
SCHOOL.
rplli: Rl&rilOX OF THIS IA>4TITt : TIOX will be-
L gin on the first MONDAY in APRIL, qnd terminate on
the last SATURDAY iu JULY. The different Chairs will
he occupied as follows:
Anatomy and Physiology, by F. T. MILKS, M. D.
Institutes and Practice of Medicine, by D. J. CAIN, M. D.
Materia Mcdicg and by F. PEYRK I*OR
CIIKR, M. D.
Obstetrics and Diseases of Women and Children, by E.
RKI.IX FLAGG, M. D.
The Cliair of Furgery has been offeretl to a gentleman now
iu Europe, who it is hoped will accept it. Shouhl he not do
so, it will be filled before the time appointed for opening
the School.
Clinical Instruction will be given at the Mariue Hospital
and Alin* House, by Dr*. I). J. CAIN aud J. FORD PRIO
LEAU.
During the session of the Medical College of the State of
South Carolina, members of the Class will be examined reg
ularly on the lecture* delivered iu that Institution.
The Student* will he shown case- among the patients of
the Teachers, and such as can be taken to the lecture room
will there be exhibited to them and explained.
The most distinguished Surgeons in the city have promis
ed, whenever they can do so conveniently, to perform ope
rations before the Class.
Doctors R. LEBBY and J. S. MITCHELL, who have each
a large obstetrical practice, will (as well ap* *hc teachers,)
give the Student* access to all of their coses of this descrip
tion, wtych they refn with propriety be oitowed to visit.
In short, ample opportunities will be offorded for acquir
ing practical, a« well os theoreticol knowledge of thp pro :
fcssion. I|gr Mortuary Statistics, prove thgt Charleston
possesses a salubrity of climate enjoyed by very few citioa
in the world, and strangers are no longer deterred from
risitiug her in the summer. Board and lodging can be ob
tained from #8.50 to #5 a week.
Terms, fifty dollars, including examinations during the
winter. ja22-eowtApl
IMPORTANT TO MILL OWNERS AND MANU
FACTURERS.
Unritalletf Improvement 4a Writer Wheel*.
THE Sl BSC-'RIBEKt* are sole agent* for maldng and
vending the best Water Wheel in the world, known as
Yandewaters Water Wheel. We challenge the World to
produce iU equal. It has but recently been introduced tp
the public, and found to ht far in advance of all other
wheel*, both in power and economy in
ing effective, and none wasted. This Wheel is u&t in the
loa*t affected by back water. As we prefer them being
Placed below tad water hi every instance, consequently we
I *s* every inch of bead; they being entirely of cast irou,
’ simple of construction, are not liable to get oat of order,
are more durable than any wheel now in use. We
jjve recently put one in operation for George Schley,
11 “*• Briville cotton factory, to whom we would give
’;«***?' *** annexed.
All orders for Wheel* or Territorial Right*, wOl meet with
attention by addreorinß th« wtacribere
J AGGER, TREADWELL A PERRY.
Or to their A*,nt, J, j. YO,k
[cxaviriciTx.]
irotiKafaan of lajopnin, you that yonr Vandevrairr Wh«l
wa* fuoc**foll>- te»tm operation at my tec lory latt week,
*Srtfl»tr, and
uniformity or speed, are recommendations alone : but above
all, ite hiftleat euoomium is the small quantity of water it
takes as compared *ith other wheels. I base been twine
one of Reokonßich's Centre Vent Wheels, of three feet
and a hnttdi.meler aod eleren inch bucket;*,
opomnganMasnrinf I displaced that apd put
ia one of jaana( dx feet dMmeter, with discharge
togs measuruiff*»to*ea, ««d your whoet run the same
■unsung es machinery that the Rich Wheel bad driven, and
than wasw difference in ffiw es yours or eight lacbro In
the depth of water in the taß rare. Ifbal aoheattatiea In
recommending your wheat to all manufacturers and mill
owners, believing it Is the greatest wheel of the ago. ? Wish
log yoosoceess in the introdneten es eo valuable an bn
-assy.—””—".gaftons.,
npo tstllOOl. TKACH KHH. A new System of Rng-
X Meh Grammar on the Oral method, to which is added a
Key to the exercises, by John Uvor.
Tai Thousand Copies of tho above Work have already
Wen sold at the North; and as it is now considered by the
1 beat Grammarians to supersede all other works in the Eng-
Hsh language, the author is desirous of introducing R into
tho various Hobnob and Academies, South. A third edition
> of Fifty Thousand Oopiee is now called for. Livor's Mathe
matics will shortly bo published For sale, wholesale and
retell, by foDHBw DVHHAIt A BUSAKLBY.
*
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
MISCELLANY.
The Dower of KJadaew.
BT FELIX.
“Tom here'' Mid a father to his boy, tpeaking
in tones of authority.
The lad was at play. lie looked towarda his Cith
er, hut did not leave his companions.
“Do yon hear, sir!” spoke the father more stercr
]y than at first.
With an unhappy face and reluctant step, the
bov left bis play, and approached bis parent.
“Why do you creep along at at a snail's pace f”
said the latter augril? “tom. quickly! 1 want
von. When I speak I look to b. obeyed instant
iy. Here, take this note to Mr. Smith and see
that you dont go to sleep by the way. Now run as
fast as you can go.
The boy took the note, Tliere was a cloud upon
his brow. He moved away, but ataelow pace.
“Yon, Tom Is that doing what I ordered I Is
that c«ing quickly I" called the father, when he
saw the boy creeping away. “Ifyou are not back
in half an hour, I will punish you.”
But words had little effect. ’ The boy’s feelings
were hurt by the unkindnesg of the parent, lie
experiencea a sense of injustice—a consciousness
that wrong had been done him. By nature he
was like his father, proud and stubborn ; and
these qualities of his mind were aroused, and h.
indulged in them, fearless of consequences.
“i never saw such a boy,” eaidkhe father speak
ing to a friend who had observed the occurrenuc.
“Mv words scarcely made an impression on him.”
“kind words are often tho most powerful said
the friend.
The father looked surprised.
“Kind words” continued'thc friend “are like the
gentle rain and refreshing dews ; but liarsh words
bond and break like the ungry tempest. The first
dev clopo and strengthen good affections, while
tho other sweep over the heart in devastation, and
mar and deform nil they touch. Try him with
kind words ; they will prove an hundred fold more
powerful.”
The father seemed hurt by this reproof ; but it
left him thoughtful. An hour passed ere his boy
returned. At times during his nbsonco, he was an
gry at the dclav; and meditated the infliction of
punishment. Tint the words of remonstrance were
in his ears, and he resolved to obsv them. At last
the lad came slowly in, with a cloudy countenance,
and reported the result of his errand. Having
stayed far beyond his time, he looked for punish
ment, and was prepared to receive it, in a spirit of
angry defiance. To his snrprisc, after delivering
the message lie hud brought, his lather, instead of
an angry reproof and punishment, said kindly,
“Very well, my son ; you can go to your play
again.”
The bov went out but was not happy. lie had
disobeyed and disobliged his fntlier, and the
thought of this troubled him. Harsh words had
not clouded his mind, nor aroused a spirit of reck
loss anger. Instead of joining his compunious, he
went and sat down by himself, grieving over his
acts of disobedience. As he sat thus lie heard his
name called, lie listened !
“Thomas, my son,” said his father kindly. The
boy sprung to uis feet, and was almost instantly be
side his parent.
“Did you call, father ?”
“I did my sou. Will you take this package to
Mr. Long for me V'
There was no hesitation in the boy’s manner.
He looked pleased at the thought of doing his fath
er n service, and reached out his hands for the
package. On receiving it, lie bounded away with
a light step.
“There is a power in kindness,” said the father,
as he sat musing, after the lad’s departure. And
even while he sat musing over the incident, the
boy came back, aud with a cheerful, liappy face,
said,
“(’an I do anything else for vou, father?”
Yes, there is a power in kindness. The tempest
of passion can only subdue, constrain aud break ;
hut in love and gentleness there is the power of tilt
sum i errnin, the dew, and the sunshine.
Punctuality.
Ah ! that’s the word—punctuality ! did you ever
see a man who was punctual, who did not prosper
iu the long run 1 Wo don’t care who or what ho
was—high or low, hlack or white, ignorant or learn
ed, savage or civilized we know if he did ns he agreed
and was punctual in ull his engagements, ho pros
pered, and was more reepocted than his shiftless
lying neighbors.
Men who continence business, should be careful
how they neglect their obligations, snd break their
word. A person who is prompt can always be
accommodated, and i* therefore “lord of another
mail's purse,” as Franklin would sav. Never
make promises upon uncertainties. Although the
host men may sometimes fail to do us thej would,
the ense is exceedingly rare. He who is prompt
to fulfil his word, will never make a promise where
it is not next t • a moral certainty that he can do os
ho agrees. If you would suoceed, be punctual to
tho hour. Jletiirn borrowed money the minute
you promiaod. In all things if you are thus prompt
we will risk you through life ; you will succeed—
you cannot help it. Those who aro prompt in
their business affairs are generally so in every de
partment of life. A promptness'in overy thing
characterizes them.
Tur. Faioikr. —It does one's heart good to see a
merry, round faced farmer. So independent, and
vet so free from vanity and pride. So rich, and
vet so industrious—so patient and persevering in
his culling, and yet so kind, soeisble snd obliging.
There are a thousand noble traits about his charac
ter. He is generally hospitable—oat and drink
with him, and he won’t set a mark on you, ami
sweat it ont of you with double compound inter
est as some people 1 know will; you are welcome.
He will do you a kindness without expecting a re
turn bv way of compensation—it is not so with
every bodv. He is usually more honest snd sin
cere, less disposed to dosl in low and underhanded
cunning, than many 1 could name. He gives to
society its be-t support—its firmest pillar that sup
ports the edifice of government: he is the lord of
nsture. Look at him in his homespun and grey;
laugh at him, if you will, but, believe mo, he ean
laugh back if he pleases.
A Rio Rosiness. —lt is proposed in England to 1
build a Bub-marine tunnel from Dover to Calaia,
with light-houses at intervals, to serve a double
purpose : first, to keep ships from anchoring above J
the tunnel, and knocking a hole in it; and, second- *
ly, ns s» ills to let down sir and light. The whole a
ntfair waa presented to tho world, lately, by the il- 1
luetrated London Nows, with a fine wood cat of *
the light-hnn«es and tunnel; and information very 1
modestly given, at the conclusion, that it was esti
mated tiie whole expeuae would not exceed £S7,-
400,000. j
A New Dish.—A gentleman whose knowledge of (
tho French was limited to a few words, and who 1
was ignorant of the meaning oven of those ; called
in at one of our French reeteurante a few days ’
since for bis dinner.
“ Vat vill you have sure t" aaid the attentiva
French waiter.
“ I’ll take some of that—that—that—wtiat do 1
you call it f—same as 1 had yesterday—some French 1
dish or othor.’ 1
“1 do not recollect, saro, vat yon did have day 1
before dis.” I
Oh! some Mod dish—let’s seo, a fried JlUe de j
chamhre— 1 believe that’s what you call it.”
The poor waiter shrugged his shoulders, and put 1
on a look of perfect astonishment, when hi* cus
tomer called lor a fried chambermaid. 1
1
Lamartine is a wit aa well as a poet. When he ]
waa on the stair* of the Hotel do Ville, attempting '
to remove the red flag, the mob ahouted, " 'The 1
head of Lamartino!” “My head, citizens!” said
lie, “ would to God you all had it on your shoul
ders !”
AuEßiosNa in Eiyct. —A letter from Alexan
dria, Egypt, published in an English paper, states
that on the 25th of December, an unfortunate fra- ;
cas occurred between n party of six Americans,
who had arrived near Cairo, from Alexandria, in
one of the usual passenger boats of the country,
and tha native inhabitants of a suburban village
called Embarba, arising out of a dispute between
the latter and the crew rosjiccting some presumed
trespass, which ended in a resort to fire arms.
About a dozen shots were exchanged, and some of
both parties were badly wounded, but no lives
wero lost. It appears the American gentlemen
had been grossly maltreated, because they inter
fered to protect their people, and their conduct
lias been borne out in the investigation which
tollowed.
+
The Albatross, arc easily taken in moderate
weather by trailing a hook and line, the latter end
of which is kept near the surface of the water hv
any kind of a thud, (he hook being baited with a
piece of fat pork. A shingle answers very well for
a boat. They pot only extend thr North’ into tho
Pacific, hut are tbund on the Southern border* of
the Indian ocean, and occasionally pretty far to the
Eastward. Notwithstanding the’immense size of
the bird, there is but little flesh on the carcass, and
the hones are very light and thin. Sailors are not
oo scrupulous but that they will make a fresh meal
of them for the want of something bettor. Having
captured and examined a good many of them, I was
always struck with the large quantity of remarka
blo line ami soil down upon their bodies, nearly
and inch in thickness. The prepared skins would
l>e very valuable and in connection with a scaling
voyage, might, perhaps, be well worthy of atten
tion. There are at least two varieties. If not more,
one of which is white aud the other light brown, or
brown and white intermixed, and fortning a
beautiful combination of colors. As to the dispo
sition of their nest* in conjunction with Penguin*
the accpqnt appears somewhat poetical, especially
that part relating tQ patrul duty. Being web-foot
ed and of large size, the Albatross is not natUfsUv
fitted for walking, no more than wild ducks and
teal. Ocean birds when brought on a ship's deck
become instantly 6ea-sick. They remain iu a sit
ting posture, scarcely attempting to move, and this
remark applies particularly to the Albatross and
the Cape-pigeon.
Tuk Valley or the Amazon. —At the close of a
late pamphlet of Lieut. Maury, he presents a mo
mentous suggestion to the South in connection
with its trade to the valley of the Amazon, ms a
plan for the excess of Southern slave population.
That vallev is a slaye country. Thy line of steam
ere there, which Lieut. Maury contends is essential
to Southern commerce, will, h» urges, among many
results, lead to the suppression of the African slave
trade with Brazil, bv a substitution therefor of a
slave emigration from the United States.
Lieut. Maurv makes a statement in this pamph
let, which Northern philanthropist! would do well
to bear in tniud. It is that the New England and
middle States did not emancipate their slaves, they
banished them. It is true that they passed post
natal and prospective laws of emaneipation, but
thev did not eomtnand the master to iet the slave
go free, and before the arrival ftf the time of eman
eipation. the most of the slaves had bepn taken to
the Shut'll and 0014 tnqr^; so 4hns \b,Q qo-caUed
Northern emancipation was simply a transfer to
the South of the slaves of the North—an act of
banishment, —KaUifi {lf. O.) Star,
Mblancholt Cascalty.—The schooner ZephvT,
Bvers, which sailed for the West Indies yesterday
morning, put back in consequence of Nicholas
Kirk, a seaman, having been knocked overboard
by the jib, soon after crossing the bar, and drown
ed before assistance could be rendered him, The
vessel being short-handed, she was coqjpelled to
return to ship a new hand, and subsequently pro
oaeded on her voyiga-Cter. Her. 18» met.
The Hungarian Flag consists of three horizontal
stripes—green, (darker than grass green) white
and rad. The Turkish flag consists of a red ground,
with a green oval in the centre, containing three
white creeoenta.
Scarlet Fever Bzkkdy.—'We published a year
, or two ago, a simple remedy for scarlet fever, be
ing no other than the rubbing the patienttborough
■ Jy with 4ai bacon. We have since at different times
' received assurances from patties, whom tha notioe
ied to make a trial of it, of the entire success of the
! experiment. Others are jnst now sending ua tos
. timoniala of the astonishing and speedy cures re
t cently wrought by it. W e mention the matter that
ethers may “go and do likewise.”
AUGUSTA, GA-, WEDNESDAY, FEBRUARY 25, 1852.
W Alt between France anb Kngi.avo. —The an
nouncement in our telegraphic despatches of newa
by the Pacific, of probable wgr between France
and England, is the moat important that haa been
made for halta centurv. We think the alarm in
F.ngland is well founded. The preamble to the
thing called the new French constitution, distinctly
adopts the domestic policy of the first Napoleon ;
and the present ruler has'been repeatedly interro
gated by the English Government as to his foreign
policy and has refused to answer. This, of itaelfi
is enough to arouse England, but it is highly prob
able.that her government has more {.revise infor
mation through her secret agents of the aetual de
signs of the French usurper.
Louis Napoleon has motives for war with En
gland greater than his unde. For it is impossible
to sustain the present government againßt the bat
tery of the English press, and the hostility of liber
al French refugees of England. And then France
no longer has to encounter the alliance of Austiia
and Russia with England—an alliance that was lk
tal to the plans of the French Emperor. On the
contrary they are now both on the side of the new
brother despot. The present ruler of France, hav
ing obtained his power by the simport ofthe Army.
could not, of course, svoi'd a conformity to ita wifi,
and what army ever renounced the love of battles,
of victories, and of conquest. As for the conse
quences of this straggle, they are'as doubtful
as they are momentous. If a hundred' thous
and disciplined French aoildiers can land on
the English shore, they can take the city of London
—and snch is the folly and fatality of centralism,
England will be lost." But if she can concentrate
in the channel a fleet of sufficient magnitude to in
tercept and encouuterthe French Armada, the bat
tle will be the bloodiest on reoord; but old England
will win the day.
Whatever may be the fhtc of this conflict, the
civilized world u deeply involved in it, and will be
shaken to ita centre, "it menaces its with many
new and grave contingencies, which demand the
serious deliberation of our statesmen. It will be
not only a war of opinions—between liberal and
despotic, but a war of races, and a war of relig
ions. We would not be safe if tho crown of En
gland and France were on the same head.—South
ern Prest.
Louis Napoleon’s Mabkiaoe. —lt is stated in
the foreign papers that the marriogo of Louis
Napoleon which a Swedish princess is settled.
There is but one princess of the reigniufr house
of Sweden who is old enough to bo married, snd
that is the'Princess Charlotte, fourth child of King
Oscar. She was born in April 1880, snd is now 21
years of age.
If thia be the princess, she is a near relative ot
Louis Napoleon. The present Queen of Swe
den is a daughter or Eugene Bcauharnaii,
and grand-daughter of the Empress Josephine.
Louis Napoleon isa sonofllortense Beuharnais and
grandson oftlic Impress Josephine. The Prince
President is therefore first cousin to the mother of
his intended bride.
Tho descendants of Josephine have all been for
tunate, while ofthe relations of Napoleon, Louis
Napoleon is the only one who has risen to power,
and he is of the race of Josephine, while scandal
has often doubted whether there is anv Bona
iiartc blood in him. A grandson of the divorced
impress is the Prince President of France; another
King consort of Portugal; another is married to
the daughter of the Emperor of Russia, and a
granddaughter is Qncen of Sweden—a brilliant
destiny in the second generation for the descen
dants of a Creole West Indian. — Picayune.
Valve or a Cali's Tail. —A trial about the right
of property ill « calf, lately took place at Burlington,
lowa. Th'o difficulty lay in the color of the calf’a
taiij the witnesses of the plaintiff eworo the tail was
white ; those of the defendant, that it was black.
The Court waa occupied two days with the case,
the jury staid out till midnight and could not agree,
and a new trial is to he had ; the costa already
amount to SBOO.
llow to Burn Coal. —The art of burning coal is
not vet properly understood as it ought to be. Too
much coal is usually placed in the stove, by which
the draft is destroyed and the gases are’ imper
fectly consumed. The Miners’ Journal of l'otts
ville says thers are two other errors in the way wo
burn coal, by which more than otic-half is wasted.
Ist. Wo have to shut the door of our stores or
furnace, to make a temporary overeombuation at
one timo, and at another time wo have to leave opeu
the door and lot in cool air to cool off. id. The gaa
that ascends our chimneys carries with it a deal of
coal that is nnburned, merely coal in v»[>or, which
gives out little beat for want of air to oonsume it.
Wo lose the most of this unconsmned vapor of coal
when the door is shut. W hen it is opeu, the vapor
is consumed, but the heat is reduced hv a flood of
cold sir and carried up the chimney. What is re
quired then is an air tight door over the ash-pit,
through w hich you can lot ill just what air is ne
cessary for quick or slow combustion as desired.
The door that admits tho coal should be tight and
should nover bo opened oxcopt to put coal in. A
small flue should admits stream of air heated by
contact with the stove, to mix with the gas on top
of tho Arc. In buying a stove, if you find that the
stove or furnace door must be left open when you
want to moderate your fire, reject it: for it is es
sentially wrong in its construction and it will con
sume throe tons of coal where one would answer if
tho draft door were air-tight.
From the National Intelligencer.
llow to Make Tar. —Messrs. Editors : Allow me
to draw your attention to one of those felicitous dis
coveries which appear to have escaped the atten
tion of inventors. In fact, so simple has this prov
od to he thatany one is surprised who secs it that
he was not the discoverer. This simple machine
is an iron retort for the manufacture of tar. The
methods heretofore followed tor the manufacture
of this material produced an artieal of inferior qual
ity ; agreat quantity ofit was lost to the manufac
turer by the falling in of his pit, by absorption in
the sand or earth, or mixture with foreign substan
ces, such a* chips, pine leaves, ftc. Tne machine
is a simple retort, pouring out with great rapidity
a beautiful clean fight colored tar and acid, both of
which are preserved from dirt or loss by the meth
od of manufacture ; and although the principle of
destructive distillation is still preserved, and noth
ing of the wood is left but carbon (pure charcoal)
the tar is of a lighter color, slid is clenner than By
the old method, thechabeoal itself being a superi
or nrticlc. The invention is in successful opera
tion in North Carolina, and is the invention or Dr.
McConnel, of Washington city.
Croup. —The following is said to be an effectual
cure for this dangerous complaint in children. A
tublespoonful of the solution of s piece of Indigo
about the size of s pea, in s pint tumbler of milk
warm water. The juice pressed from onions is
said to be excellent, given in molasses until vomit
ing is produced.
Matrimony. —When a young tradesman in Hol
land goes a courting, tlie’first question the young
woman asks of hint is, “Are you able to pay the
charges I” That is to sav in plain English, “Are
you able to support a wife when you have got her!
What a world of misery it would prevent, if the
young women in all countries would stick to the
wisdom of that question. Not that wo would ad
vise marrying for riches—by no means—fbr we be
licvo those who nwry for that consideration alone,
are not “joined together after God’s holy ordi
nance,” and in the sight of heaven they prostitute
themselves for the paltrv consideration of dollars
and ccuts. But a certain portion of this “world’s
goods” is absolutely necessary to happiness, and
they who marry without it tempt the fates, and
have only themselves to blame if their path through
life he rugged and preoipitous. It Is a trite adage,
“when jioverty comes in at tho door, love flies oat
at the wiudow!” and it is contrary to nature to
suffer and love the cause of that suffering. “Mar
riage is not mads of mushrooms hut of good round
cakes,” is a pitliv saying by which one of our an
ecstors conveyed the same rule of prudence.
Irish Emisratiox. —The tide of emigration from
Ireland having, within the last month, dimin
ished to a considerable extent, the Liverpool
Standard save it is merely temporary, and the ef
fect of the season. The mass of emigrants have
generally been composed of persons of the rank of
laborers, whose means of departure have beende
rived from the lrnit of their own harvest labors at
home, or of the harvest labors of their humble
friends on this side of the Atlantic, transmitted to
them. This fond is necessarily exhausted at this
season of the year. Again, the emigrant calculates
Xn immediate employment in the land of his
ption, but in the winter season employment is
not to be had—we might add the inconvenience of
a winter passage; but alas! thf poftr emigrant has
little of convenience, at any time of the year, An
able writer in the Dublin Freeman’s Journal al
ludes to snhject as follows;
“There is at present a alight lull in the efflux of
our emigrating population, Before the tide set in
so strongly and steadily, the emigration now taking
S lace from the chief ports was about the averags
eparture in the spring and summer months in
ordinary years, But the system has now assumed
such gigantic and still increasing proportions that
we regard the diminution in the wi ter months as
a cheering pause—and such it is, but then the
numbers, as compared with an average of years
previous to 1846, are still enormous.”
We see it stated in another Irish paper that the
revenues of the Irishpriesthood have been reduced
more than 50 per cent, by the combined operation
ofomigrarion and poverty. The priest* would re
tain the people if tney could, but they are unable
to do so—to hold men to aland of starvation is bee
vond even their power. —LauitcMe Journal,
Beavers ix the South.—A porroapctndsnt of the
Ngtplipz Free Trader, writing from Copiah county,
save :
“At the place from where I now write a comp» r ’
stively new branch of business has sprung into ex
istence, viz: hoaver trapping, Large number* of
beaver exist all along the swamp of Bayoa l'ierr*>
and on* or two gsntlsmen have taken them with
suecoss, Mr, Audcreon, within a few days, caught
*5 fine heavers, one of them weighing about *0
pounds. Thcso animals have dammed up sn im
mense tract of land, and their work ha* been [ire
pared with a care and strength peculisr only to
themselvos. They have not Men hunted much of
late years, and consequently their numbers hsv*
increased to such an extent as to reward the labors
of enterprising trsppera.”
Lest Yea* Paktt.—The young ladies of Mil
ledgeville and its vipini(y, availing themsclve* of
the privileges of the se* during Leap Year, gave
a party bn St, Valentine’s Kv#(tne 15th inst) which
was alike creditable to their spirit and good taste.
The Representative Hall haring been cleared of
it* chair* and desks, was handsomely lighted and
decorated with evergreens ; and the merry dance
reigned, where a short time before, gravt affaire
of State were settled by the matter of fact Repre
sentatives of the people. The Senate chamber
was appropriated to the ediblee, which were of a
quality to excite the alimentivenass of an aseptic.
If, as ’some shrewd feminine observer has said,
man’s affection! iqay he gained through the medi
um of the stomach sooner than by any other means,
great muat have been the execution done among
the hearts of the gentlemen on that occasion,
Whether the voung ladies exercised the impor
tant privilege es “popping the question,” may
doubtless be known by a future reference to our
Hymenial department ’; it being understood that
any unusual increase in our announcement* of that
character will indicate that they did , as it is not to
be supposed that any gentleman with a heart in his
bosom, could do otherwise than refer the fkir ques
tioner to Aw Pa, in sueh trying circumstances,—A,
Mtecrder.
lieatkof a KtmarhMe Man in Xora Statu i,—At
Shipharbor, on the 39th of December, died Mr. D.
Weekea, in the 117th year of his age. Mr, Woakea
was bora on Long Island on the Id of December,
17*5, and served in the British army in which the
gallant Wolfe fell, September 12th, 1758, at whiqh
time he was 34 years old. He adhered to thsfoyal
cause at the time of the Revolution, and received
a grant ofland at Shiphsrbor, on which he has
since been settled. He brought up a family of
twenty-one children, whose offspring to the third
and fourth generation are settled around him, and
scattered in many part* of the world, numbering
several hundreds. In 158 She enjoyed his secont
aight, and up to a couple of y**» ago, went drily
bareheaded into the woods to cut wood, and timber,
an occupation he preferred abova all others.
Tee Rhode Island Senate hal passed, by a ma
i jority of three, a bill for sbohehing th* punishment
of death— substituting imprisonment for life.
*M»le and Poland.
The Rev. Dr. Baird recently delivered in Brook
lyn x course at Lecture* on European countries.
The New York “ Timet" has the following report
of the disco urea ou Russia and Poland, which we
copy, as snythfcg concerning iowof
interest, and mo American is utqge competent to
describe the condition of that wmpire than Dr.
Ba '“- JL_ ,*■-
Dr. Baird cotaSenccd my calling the attention of
the audience to 'he vast orient of the Russian Em
pire, embracing, aa it as much as the
half of Europe. Ita surtMfe was mountainous aud
Is somewhat rocky, with abre exceptions. It pos
sesses territory to sgreat eriant on our own conti
nent and Nora Zembla. Itw jiopulation now is
about 67,000,000, 55,000,000 of/whom are in Eu
rope. The Northern part of Rassia in Europe is
veir barren, and marshy and rocky, being leakv
and low. The Southern part is sandy, and through
which runs the Volga Den, Nisp and Niesta. Four
of the rivers of KussiaJflow in one direction, and
four in an opposite. No part of the world is as
level as Russia—beiniftSlnowest country in Eu
rope. If you wereto it off, it would be ojjly*
thirty-five feet shove tha res According to Hum
boldt, it would takerqidsaUs from Central Eurdfc,
and Southern Europe in’particular to make
hundred feet above tbsTeeel of the sea. ■ r
Aa to the early history of Russia, it wHmilved
in great obscurity. Husnryyrr conquered any
part of her. She was iiWpeSMNbt* by the Romans.
The Greeks, however, pleiiMflfhalonias in the South
ern part of Russia before the Christian era; and
hence civilization in the Southern part of Russia
advanced in the ages which (fallowedthe advent of
our Saviour. But, by thredp*»s*h>bs of Tartars
and barbarians, Greek civlbation disappeared;
and when again it set ita loot upon Russian sgil, in
stead of South, it showed itself in the North, es
pecially at St. Petersburg!). Scythia was, accord
ing to the idea of the Romans, filled with various
tribes, who lived in tents, and whose occupation
was sporting and fishing. These tribes were con
stantly at war with each other. The only way in
which" the Greeks and Romans got any intelligence
from the Scythians was from travellers.
In the fifth centurv, according to Russian his
torians, a Sclavonic tribe obtained preponderance
over the rest. The Government was established at
Keiff.
The Russians obtaii cd their Christianity from
Constantinople. In the process of time, the Rus
sians embraced the Greek faith. Alrcadv had the
schisms taken place between the Greek Church and
the Latin Church. There was no essential differ
ence between the creeds of the two churches. The
Greek Church, however, ha* no infallible head. It
liad monks until Peter the Great put an end to
that business. They administered the sa raincut
to the laity, and to infant* when sick to get them
well, and when well, that they might not get sick.
The sacrament of the priest was given just as yon
would give gruel tochildren. The doctrine of pur
gatory is not adhered to as strongly a* by the Ro
man Catholics, though the Greek Church lias the
Seven Ceremonies the same as the Latin Church.
There isa better foundation for the work of Refor
mation than there is in the Latin Church,
because they arc opposed to giving the people the
Scriptures.
The Greek Church prevailod In Russia. At the
same time, another branch of the Sclavonic race es
tablished themselves further North, where now
stands the city of Warsaw. Poland remained in
dependent for a time ; aud the Poles made more
progress in civilization than did the Russians, send
ing missionaries abroad, Ac.
The cause of the origiual feuds between the two
nations lies, in the fact that the Poles were Roman
Catholics, while the Russians belonged to tho
Greek Church. Religion was at the bottom of it.
The Poles advanced taster in civilization, because
they were nearer to Gennanv, and had many wars
with the Germans, especially with the Teutonic
Knights.
To como down further in the history of theso
countries, Keiff ceased to be a part of Russia in the
latter part of the twelfth century. A man by the
name of George founded the city of Moscow, and
transferred the seut of Government to that city
from Koiff.
The city of Moscow contains 400,000 inhabitants,
a large paar of the buildings being built of wood,
a few of brick. It is very level, and, though lying
in a basin, vou would scarcely perceive it. It is
surrounded by a ridge of bids, over which the
French came. Moscow was burned iu 1812, after
the French had taken possession of it. It was set
on fire after that was done. Bonaparte ought not
to have let them do it. It was their nature to burn
whatever they left behind them, and Russians have
wondered that any body should have thought there
wae any great merit iu that affair. Nine-tenths of
the city were burned. —Bonaparte had enough to
put four or five men in every house, and thus hare
prevented snch a catastrophe. There are no ruins
of the conflagration to be seen ; the city lias been
completely rebuilt.
Ti.e chief charm of the place is the Kremlin.
Some Prince fbnud a hill on the North side of the
river that ho thought lie could convert into a
Kremlin. It is 75 or 80 feet abovo the river, aud
is the chief promenadin'' place in tho city, com
manding a fine view of the city.
The city of Moscow was a long time growing up,
and is the only city in Russia of any importance,
wih one or two exceptions.
Russia was troubled by the irruption of Asiatic*
in the tints of Tamerlane. The Tartars conquered
a great part of Russia, and, at the same time, the
Poles gave the Russians a great deal of trouble ;
for, being more civilized, they were more warliae.
Between the Tartars and the Poles, the Russian
Empire was almost annihilated in the sixteenth
eontury. Evan, a man of indomitable courage,
began to make.war upon the Tartars and Poles, and
transferred the Government to Moscow.
I’etcr the Great began to reign in 1689, just (
about the time of the revolution in England when
the Prince of Orange took poaaession of the throne
of England. From that time dates the existence of T
Russia as a European country. Before that it was
emphatically Asiatic. Peter went to work to make J
them European*. The firet tiling he did was to break r
down the power of the Janizaries. Peter, with his t
own hands, cut off the head* of* great many of them, v
lie put down the monks, and broke np the monus- c
teries; ordained that no man should be a monk «
without reaching tlie age of fifty ; wont to work »
to try to make people dress in French fashion ; im- e
oorted a number of French, German, and Dutch 1
ailore into Russia. r
He wanted people to shave off their beards, while 1
it was the cuatom there to let the beard grow—or- j
dained that nobody should go to Court without r
shaving off his bard first. But the most remark- J
able of liis movements was his trying to create an ]
army and a navy. Peter was extremely anxious for j
commerce and manufactories; thought Russia c
could not be any thing without commerce. He t
got possession of the Gulf of Finland, which oc- 1
casioned war with Sweden. He oontrivod to con- j
quer a place near the Gulf, upon winch ho found- „
cd St. Petereburgh. This city was built in tlie c
woods, and now it is immediately surrounded by t
swampy forests. But Peter whs not intimidated, r
and at his death, the city whicli he built in the t
woods contained a population of sixty thousand ]
Inhabitants. It lie* in latitude 60°, and is some
what unhealthy—the principal disease being bil
ious ftver. It’i* twenty-four miles in circumfer- ,
ence, though a great deal of space is taken up by t
the rivers, and the streets are too wide—this lau “ h
being characterutie of the Russians. The reason t
of this ia, thoir houses are mostly built of wood, ,
and to prevent fires. ,
Petsr the Great began -to have commerce and a
navy. This was folly, but it waa a folly that has *
bseu continued by all the Emperors of Russia. ,
Though there is some reason for a navy now, |
there waa none then. There was no person in ,
Russia who knew anything about nautical affairs : ,
so he wont at it himself, lie weut to Holland and ,
England to learn the ship carpenter’s trade, lie (
euterod the navy and was successively promoted, ,
and tlion entered as a common soldier in the army ,
and was mado superior. He found that his troops ,
were really a match for the Swedes. .
From that time Russia has advanced. Peter j
wished that all his subjects might read, but he did ]
not do much toward bringing it about. All the ,
civilization ho effected was of a general nature, and j
did not touch the masses aa it did the higher class- ,
es. After Ids day there succeeded many sovereigns (
not to be compared to him. Peter’s son reigned i
three years. The empress Ann reigned ten years, ,
during which the great bell, weighing 430,00011)*., ,
was made. Thi* hell a sow je*rs afterwards fell, ,
when tlie building was burned, and waa hrokeu. ,
This bell was large enough to hold a congregation (
Os one hundred people, H was sixty-five feet in ,
circumference, and thirty feet high. The monks ,
have converted it into a chapel, and placed aoros* -
on the top of it. The empress Ann seemed to ,
follow up the spirit of Peter, The daughter of Pe- ]
ter, Elizabeth, reigned twenty4wo years. Peter
was the third husband of Catherine. ,
She suddenly dethroned her husbaud, who waa
afterwards put to death, thirteen years before our
revolution. She reigned thirty-four year* and died
suddenly. She bad a son named Paul, whom she ,
hated on account of his fiither, and who was un
justly considered deranged. lie had no ideas of
sorernment, on account of his mother’s keeping
him close. Paul reigned from ’96 to 1801, and then
was dethroned on account of plunging the country
in a war with England.
Alter the murder of his father, Alexander ©»me
to the throne, reigned from 1801 to 1825, and then
died. The Empress died shortly afterwards,—
When the news arrived of the death of Alexander,
Nicholas sent fw hi* brother Constantine, to come
immediately and take the government into bis
hands; but, it being found tliat Nicholas was the
rightful heir, he proceeded to administer the oath.
Three or tour regiment* refused to take it,
About two o’clock in tlie afternoon, a faithful
regiment waa brought up from the harracks, and
the fight commenced, which lasted about half an
hour, At last they submitted and threw down
their gnus, and wsnt to the barracks. The officers
went to Siberia. That is the way Nicholas came to
the throne instead of Constantine. Tlie trouble
had been brewing for three or four years, but Alex
ander, who was conscious of the fact, had not cour
age to put it down. The cry wss “ Constantine and
the Constitution,” and when asked what they
meant by “Constitution,” they answered that [hey
wanted “Constantine and his wife f"
Nicholas has now been op the throne twenty
seven years, H# is fifty-six years of age; a man of
fine health, 4Ud ft l* not likely that he thinks of
giving up the throne, lie has a non, thirty-five
year* of age, to whom theßussUn* look forward
with great ooafidenoe, aa he is a friend of improve
ment, He projected the railroad from St. Peters
burg to Moscow, 450 miles long, which was made
by American engineers, and others will shortly be
built. Russia is a good country for railroads, as it
baa plenty of iron.
The present Emperor has three son* ami two
daughters. Tlie oldest son is called Alexander,
after the name of hi* un*W, Me is a man of great
promise, and is better educated than his father.
Twenty millions of‘sen* belong to the Emperor,
sqd twenty-six million* belong to the nablee—for
ty-eight million* bought and sold with the lands,—
Nineteen million" «>« not aerfn
It ft the wfth of th# Rropcrur Nicholas to liber
ate the serfs, but the power lie* in the hands of the
nobles, and it ia dangerous ground for him to tread
upon.
The Pole* from 1572 to 1722 eleeted their own
monarch*. Their government was extremely de
fective. The first monarch they elected was a
Frenchman, who ran away from Poland in a few
days. The next was a Hungarian, and he did not
do much. The third waa a Swede, The Protest
ants were not sorry at the dismemberment of their
rapnblic, Were it not for the pride of the Rus
sians, they would give up Poland.
The lecturer then referred to the strength of
Russia, and said he waa entirely of the opinion that
Russia ia not a strong country. It has 700,000 sol
diers, and they are scattered over the empire.—
Three hundred thousand men could not be brought
into the oentral parts of Europe. The armies that
were sent to Franc* were sent there by British
i grid. This could not be obtained again. Russia’s
1 treasury has only 130,000,000 of oar dollars. Her
| debt is #6,100,009,000. Germany, single-handed,
I would be enough for her; and as for France, there
1 is no ground of comparison with Russia. If the
f Western nations of Europe will allow Russia to
| domineer over them, they deserve to be conquered.
Hon. Roman- J. Wales*. —It is said that letters
f were received by the last steamer, stating that the
, Hon. R. J. Walker is seriously ill at Brighton, and
dud he has at present foiled In his negotiations for
the sale of th* Illinois Railroad bonds. It was re
ported that the Rothschild*, however, would send
over an agent to examine into the character of the
security. *
*
of Congress.
I Ti.e Advertiser lias an interesting
article giving some account of the hiktory and
character pf->far which was
we ett}xfft as
fuUojrs: , ... t- - ' - - ** a >
“In 1814, when the Briti.-h troops destroyed
Washington, they burnt tho Congress Library then
existing there. |t consiste d of a tew thousand
volume* only. In 1818, Mr. Jefferson having
proposed to sell to Government his library, as a
nucleus of a new collection, it was bought by Con
gress for twenty-tliree thousand dollars. It \vas_
such a collection as, front Mr. Jetfersou’s taste*,”
one would have supposed lie would have maefo.
It embodied some valuable editions As tin classics
—a large proportion of book* lof kLufry and poli
ties, aud some curious collections of pamphlets—
a* well a* the miscellaftchiSTiterature, which would
of course be jib-tint collection of a distinguished
Virginia gentleman.
'lliis collection amounted to about 7000 volumes.
From that time to the present, Congress inis added
t«{it Stilireily, by an exiiemliture of SSOOO for
. and SIOOO for law books.
The'obstuimqifisy, thcfytjytki <*( tho nation of the
endowment, a ariWFftWt'waw spent'from time to
time for portrait* aiaJ*Mi«4>qowhich xftsoVp'J'ftf
the Hall. The -"•■ii'hijwT'ff'f C 1 'tho books
and maps and other collodion.
If tins magnificent endowment could lave been
any jiivatc body v*h(W spend it, it would
havoymrehssed, with tho aJjrfiMages of the book
trade of the last thirty years, tMreilost valuable
Library in America,—and one ofjWjnqst, use fill
in the world. The oPEotika, lately
rnado for Literary InstitHttehiffn thfs-wl#rfrv, war
rant us in saying, dbaiiar sore ftnd learn- •
250,000 vulftmoaw|ll.&f.l«i*ted com
plofetv butlidftfiflmr Cray rcasonaVde/W*
want m every walk efUtcratiirc, miglit hnCF been
bought for the Congress Library w ith this stun of
money. When Professor Jewett was entrusted
with S2BOO for the purchase in Europe of the re
cent valuable addition to tho Library of Brown
University, he bought with it more than 2000 vol
umes, selected “without regard to cost, though
with the strictest regard to economy.” They were
all neatly or elegantly half bound in calf: and the
collection contains a large proportion of books of
variety or other value. Its cost was, ou an average,
eighty-nine cents a volume. The line purchase for
Burlington Library was rnude at similar rates.
If the Nat bual Government had done its work as
well, we should now be deploring the loss, iiot only
of 30,000 volumes, but of some 200,000 more which
are still safe in parts of the world where they have
better use to make of books than to burn them.
The books in the Congress Library, though not of
a particularly valuable character, cost, on an aver
age, near five dollars a volume.
We never heard but two reasons assigned for this
extravagance. The first was a passion, which for
a long time prevailed, for bindiug everything in
full calf, the most costly bindiug;—a luxury which
even the British Museum does not indulge in.
The second is the general law by which the govern
ment always suffers in its purchases ; namely, the
disposition of almost all its agents, and of'those
who deal with them, to make mi extra profit, and
charge oxtra commissions, because they nave gov
ernment to pay the bills.
The collection, therefore, very fortunately as it
proves, was not worth nearly as much as it cost the
Nation. As there were few, if any, unique books
in it, it is probable that an appropriation of $30,-
000, in the hands of a eonsoientous and skillful
agent, would buy a better library than that part of
this which has gone.
For the value of the collection was necessarily
impaired, hy the verv circumstances under which
it was bought. The Library Committees made the
annual purchases. Os these, a considerable part
were the periodicals of the day—easily bought now
in collections at prices much less than they original
ly cost. Again, though on its library committee*,
Congress has had the services of some of onr most
distinguished literary men, they were constantly
giving place to new members of different tastes and
pursuits, so that any single law of collection be
came impossible. A good many books, of mostly
transient interest, came almost of course into the
library.
The library room—one the most beautiful halls
any whore—was the “Society room” ofthe Capitol
during the session of Congress. At that season
there was always a crowd of idlers, as well as stu
dents, who made use of its collections. From
thiscirenmsta ee the books were a good deal used
though probably not to more profit, on tho whole,
than arc the hooks of collections which are not so
mueh handled. All members of Congress and
some other official persons had a right to borrow
them. It frequently happened that borrowed
books would be carried by accident, by members
to their distant homes—whence they might not re
turn fora long time if at all. From such causes
tho library was notin as good condition—and un
der better management than it had—could not
have kept in as good condition as is expected of a
puhlic library generally.
The five potraits there, ofthe first Presidents hy
Stuart, wore originals by him, duplicates of other
{Huntings, still existing, lie parted from them, we
have beeu told, in discharge of his obligations to
a picture frame dealer of this city, who afterwards
sold them to Congress. Some of the busts and
medals destroyed are to he greatly regretted ; hut 1
we do not remember any pictures except those of
Stuart’s which are any great loss. There was what
the papers call an original portrait of Columbus, as
muon like him perhaps, as any one of tho other
four originals entirely unlike each other, which, in
different cities claim the honor of representing
him.
The Last Wonder.—Under this Ueud tlie N. Y.
Commercial Advertiser publishes the following ac
count of a man’s walking on an inverted plane, or
with liis head down :
By invitation of the managers of the Bowery
Amphitheatre, we yesterdayhud the pleasure of wit
nessing Professor McCormick’S experiment. It was
a private.one, only a few ] verso ns being present, and
was made under very disadvantageous circumstan
ces—the preparations being necessarily incomplete
and tlie health of Professor McCormick being
sonicwlint feeble. The experiment, however, pass
ed off to the entire satisfaction of all present. A
heavy framo was erected with a slab of marble,
nino feet long, at the top, the under surface being
like a mirror. We saw the experimenter mount
hi* platform, and adjust his unwieldy boots ; then
placing both feet against tlie surface of tho marble
he swung himself off, with his head downwards.
Disconnecting one foot from tho slab and placing
it fimly several inches in advance of the other, he
continued tho alternate movement till lie laid taken
ten stops, and arrived at the oilier end of the slab.
We held our breath during tho experiment, ex
pecting, momentarily, that lie would fall, but lie
uppoarca to walk ns safely as a fly runs along tlie
ceiling. After liis descent, however, we noticed
that he was much exhausted, owing to the cxeitc
mont and tlie exertion. Tlie public exhibition of
this wonderful experiment- will take place at the
Bowery Amphitheatre, on Monday evening next.
Ccmoslties ok Steam.— Tlicro is a question con
nected with steam which is more strange than any,
and yet we seldom hear it mentioned. It is this: —
water at 212 deg. gives off steam; this steam is to
tally different in its nature and action from water,
and yet it Is only 212 deg. also. Why does not the
water at 912 deg. all flash in a moment, like gun
powder, into steam—that is, into 17uo times its
original hulk ? Wo cannot toll; we only know it
docs not do it. It lias been proven, by Faraday,
lioweverj that water, perfectly purged of all at
mospheric air, (which all water contains a portion
of,) when heated to 300 deg. explodes instantly—
that is, flashes at once into steam. There is an
other property belonging to water not so univer
sally known to engineers us it should he—namely,
all the water in a boiler will become steam in a giv
en time, when subjected to a constant heat and
great pressure. If a certain amount of water, at
the heat of melted ice, be put into a vessel, and a
lamp applied to the same, it will be found that, if
the time occupied to bring the water from melted
iec to 212 deg- (the point where steam commences
to ho given off) be noted, and the lamp kept at
the vessel for a% times longer, all the water will
be changed into steam; it follows, then, that if a
certain amount of lien*' uo applied to wator, for
times the period It took to raise the temperature
from that of melted ice to tlie steam point, all the
water will he in a state to flash at ones into 1700
times its original hulk, A ouluc foot of wator, con
verted into steam, occupies 1700 times the space it
formerly occupied, if not compressed; and two cu
bic foet’of water, converted into steam, occupy a
space of 8400 feet. The pressure exerted by such
au oxpunslvc forco is tremendous. If frozen water
hy burst cannons, is it to be wondered at that heat
and water burst boilers i Every engineer should
be thoroughly acquainted with all the known chem
ical and mechanical properties of water and steam.
The observations of eminent practical engineers
are very valuable ; they are situated to observe the
phenomena of steam, and there may he many not
yet generally known. —Scientific American.
v, St. Soldiers in Jamaica.
The steamer Falcon recently took from New
York 50ft United States soldiers to Chagres, en
route for California, and being obliged to put into
Kingston, Jarnaioa for a supply of ooal, Uncle Sam’s
hoys landed, Feeling quite free and easy, they
seem to havo voted themselves tho “freedom of
tho City,” and as a sort of special entertainment
got np a hit of a row for the occasion. The Kings
ton Journal of the 24th January furnishes the fol
lowing account of the scenes enacted by them.
“The presence in this city of no less than 500,
volunteers for the U. S. Army at San Francisco,
caused quite a stir, and at one time it wua expected
hat their doings would occasion some serious dis
turbance. At about mid-night they got into n dis
pute with some idle diameters (who unfortunately
infest the town, and ougltt to lie taken up its va
grants, if the police properly performed their duty)
and nvmy a hrokon head did each party receive in
the melee ; hut we are glad to state that nothing
serious occurred.
The men perambulated the streets during the
whole day, and having taken a large quantity of
drink, committed some very serions assaults, using
knives and swords very freely, so much sn that the
police had to use their arms, and took into custody
all who had been instrumental in making the riot.
The five hundred men who volunteered their ser
vices for California axe principally Irishmen, and
some of them, from their appearanco, are not tlie
best of characters, but of whom it may be said,
that they had “left their country for thoir country’s
good,“ Tlie was filled by those disreputable
character, up to a late houT last evening.
We uudersaand that some of the police have re
ceived dangerous wounds in taking into custody
some of the men. They are the most undiscip
lined set of men we have ever seen, and we heard
it said tliat vesterdav, when they made application
to their commanding officer for leave to come on
shore, and were refused, they bid him defiance, and
it is said assaulted some of the officers, and took
scot leave, notearing whether it was allowed them
or not.
Ship VVilliax Pens ashore.—The ship William
Penn, Capt. Forger, which cleared at New York
for this port on the 7th inst., went ashore early
yesterday morning on the Northern Shoal of Ship-
Bar. At noon a force of hands was sent to her as
sistance, and soon after the arrival of the steamer
Gordon, Capt Brooks, from Savannah in the aftcr
, noon, she was dir patched to her aid. We regret to
learn that her position.is a bad one, but we are con
fident that no exertions will be spared to sxtricatc
her from her present dangerous situation.— Ch.
Courier.
• Bhbjbk or the Palmetto.—The steam ship Pal
-1 metto, Capt. Jackson, tliat left this port on Wed
-1 neaday afternoon for Baltimore, had proceeded but
a short distance on her voyage, when she hail the
p misfortune to meet with an accident to her ma
> ehinery, which competed her to return. Infer -
> motion having been conveyed by her pilot to her
> agent, Mr w Gourdin, he immediately dispatched
■ the steamer Jasper to her assistance,'which towed
her back to her wharf last evening.—(S. (Jour.
t By far the greatest Plank Road project in this
J country, says the Detroit Tribune, is that from
l Milwaukee to Mackinac, through the Saginaw, Mid
r land, Gladwin, dare, Miasaukoo, Omena. < alkasea.
- Antrim, Oharievox ami Sheboygan. Hie line of
l said road is some two hundred miles long, exten
-9 ding through an unbroken wilderness and is an
important and nceeasary improvement.
«
, , . • -ITEMS.
- « *The Shipwreck of tho United States, ou the
Atlantic and Pacific coast* and Gulf of Mexico, du
'ringtfcrVear ending July 1,1851, were 50 ships,
19J Schooners, 9 sloops, and 20 steamers.
Total, 32<* of which 278 were by tempest, 14 by fire,
15 by collisions, 19 by snags, and 2 by explosion.
The ntimbci bflives lost 818.
Poor PigF.— l Tlie farmer whose pigs were so lean
that iMOblf two of them to make a shadow, lias
poen eaten by another, who had several so thin
that they would crawl out thro’ the cracks in their
pen. He finally stopped them by tying knots in
their tails.
A loarned German astrologer is said to have as
certained that in twenty two millions of yoars, this
earth will be destroyed by a oomet, Well, “who’s
afeord.
A dull day, an empty pocket, aud being in love,
affects a man’s spirits most seriously —'epecially the
latter.
Judge Carpenter of Home, New York, has inven
ted a "method of preventing Railroad trains from
running off. • It oortslsts of a middle rail in the
centre of, and raised' considerably above, the two
outer rails, and fastened to the same cross tics.
A is attached to the ongiuc and cars at both
ends, which sets over the middle rail, with friction
rollers tP.plaj on both sides of it, thereby prevent
iinftho camitotifraekmg or running off. Whon
eyer thXßp a tendency to run off, tho friction rol-
tfcfnHfiddle rail, and bring them
back agairi»>-#Hsst* SSOO a mile.
The Philadelphia and Charleston steamers Osprey
and Albatros, aro to be placed on the route betwoen
Philadelphia and Chagros.
A company in Delaware has offered tho Stato a
bonus of of $40,000 for a lottery grant for ten
years, and it is said the hill will {hub tho Legisla
ture. Mr Glazier, of Wilmington also offers $50,-
000 for a lottery grant for a similar poriod.
A lazy fellow lying down on the grass said, O,
how I wish this was called work and I got paid ac
cordingly.
Supplying the Ohio River with Water.— A re
solution is before tho Pennsylvania Legislature re
questing the membors of Congress from that State
to obtain such Congressional action as will promote
the adoption ofthe plan which has been submitted
to Congress by Charles Ellet, jr., for supplying the
Ohio Kivor with water during periods of drought,
by means of reservoirs, to bo constructed upon tho
tributaries thereof.
Barnum’s Bank bills have on them an excellent
portrait of Jenny Lind. They have beeu clipped
so much for the “pieters” as to become uncurrcut,
and the Suffolk Bank liW refuses to receive the
mutilated notes.
Queer Chaps —Eight ladies in Brooklyn, N. Y.
wore recently admitted as full mombers of the Odd
fellows Society hailing from that city.
Carlyle was woanod on a pine burr dipped in
pepjier sauce, had Ills hair teaseled instoad of
combed, and learned to write ou snnd paper.
The Perth (Scotland) Courier assort* thut tho
Perthshire poachers are catching hares by laying
sponges saturated in chloroform bosidc their food.
Mr. Jacob Hinkle, of Louisville, is tho oldest
printer in the west, having worked at the business
for 68 years.
Sad.— Things look sad for the English at the
Cape of Good Hope. As usual, they have got a bod
cause, and aro conducting it to a bad issue. The
London Times says:
“We are spending millions in the hope of a bar
ren conquest, which, after all, we are not destined
to obtain ; and we are pouring forth like watertlie
blood of brave and honorable men in the most
worthless cause that ever armed the hand of man
against his brother.”
'This is the way of British annexation.
“Sieti a Good ’Un.” — One of the most brilliant
connundrums of the day has just boon communi
cated to the N. \ r . Mirror, as follows: “ Why is
Charles O’Connor one of the best woodmen in the
State ? Because, at one trial, lie cut down a Forrest
with its Underwood and Flowers.”
The Queen of Spain is so delighted at bocoming
a mother, that she has announced her intention of
increasing her family, and liaa forbidden her sub
jects to take the customary oath of allegiance to
the first princess, as sho “hopes to present the
nation with a son shortly.”
Miss Burdktt Cocrrs, the English heiress, has
been elected “ a fellow” of the Zoological Sooiety
in London.
The English Tory historian, Allison, relating
Washington’s retirement into privute life, holds
this language: “He bequeathed to his country
men an Address, to which there is no composition
of uninspired wisdom which can bearaeomparison.
I’uncu Bays they have introduced some new
street sweeping machines into Paris. They arc
commonly colled cun nun .
Immigration to Canada.— During the past year
41,000 immigrants landed in Canada, and of this
number upwards of 20,000 wero Irish.
A Western editor cautions his readers against
kissing short girls, because this habit has inode
him round shouldered.
To which another rockless individual of tho quill
replies : Send all such girls to u»—we’ll risk our
backs and shoulders.
A now wait/, has been introduced in the West,
called the Boar waltz, the principal feature of which
is hugging. It is said the boys nnd gals take to it
wonderfully.
Tho cities of Hamburg, Bremen and Liibce, ure
about to send a block of marble to tho Washing
ton Monument.
French Speculation in American Coin.— The
Philadelphia Inquirer has been assured by a geu
-1 uman who recently returned from Europe that
large quantities of American coin aro imported
into France from the United States; and that, by
a peculiar process, a considerable portion of gold is
extracted, while the valuo of the silver is not im
paired. Indeed, it is said that quite an extensive
business is carried on in this way. Tho process is a
peculiar one, and known only to a few scientific
men in France.
Tho Sugar Planters of Louisiana have had a
mooting to oppose the attempt which is making to
cuuiigc tho present rate of the taro of sugar hogs
heads. They Hay it is highly unjust and injurious,
and demands the serious, speedy, and united con
demnation of the sugar planters of Louisana.
Sir John Franklin has now bccuabscnt six years
and eight months, having started on his expedi
tion tho 26th of May, 1845. This is more t an a
year beyond tho longest period, for which his
provisions could jiossibly hold out, according to
the most favorable estimate of his friends.
Distinguished Men Always llabd-worxebs.
When wo rend the lives of distinguished men iu
any department, we find them always celebrated
for the amount of labor they could perform. De
mosthenes, Julinr Citsar, Henry the Fourth of
France, Lord Bnoon, Sir Isaac Newon, Franklin,
Washington, Napoleon—different as they were in
thoir Intellectual and moral qualities—were all re
nowned as hard workers. We read how many days
they could support the fatigue of a march: how
early they rose ; how late they watched; how many
hours they spent in the field, in the cabinet, in the
court; how many secretaries they kept employed ;
in short how hard they worked.
Dobbs says people would live longer if they
wero not so afraid of dying. The very means we
take to prevent catching cold, arc tho very means
that bring about consumptions. Fire-heated sleep
ing rooms do more towards keeping the npfvalus of
drugs and hearses, than all tho wet feet that over
waded.
Among tho new works announced in France, is
one by the Indefatigable Alexandre Dumas, called
“Byron,” iu, which we aro promised tho biogra
phy, love and adventure, journeys, and anecdotio
history of the great poet.
Wages in the United States. —From the cen
sus tables it appears that the average of daily wa
ges in the wholo United States is—in wrought
iron works 97 cent* ; in cotton factories, mule, 65
cents, female, 86 cents; in woolen factories, male,
82 cents; female 44 cents. In Massachusetts the
average is sl.Ol, $1.27, $0.52, SO.BB, $0.54, res
pectively. Cotton labor there is paid better than
anywhere else in the Union.
The city of St. Louis is fast assuming a command
ing position among the cities in the great Missis
sippi Valley. An authentic statement drawn up
by a Committee of the Chamber of Commerce,
estimates the trade of St. Louis, at tho present
time to foot np $60,000,000 por annum. The
amount of exchange sold is set dqwnat $80,000,000
a year.
Marriage good ior Health.—Dr. Casper, of
Berlin, ha* calculated that Ilia mortality among
bachelors, from the age of 30 to 45 years, is 20 per
cent.; while among married men of the same age
it is only 18 per cent. For 41 bachelors who at
tain the age of 40 years, there are 48 married men
who attain the same age. The advantage in favor
of married life is still more striking in persons of
advanced agi. At 6G years there remain but 22
bachelors for 49 married men ; at 70 years, 11
bachelors for 27 married ; and at 80 years, 2 bach
elors against 9 married men.
Blooheuism.— Bloomcrism is neither peculiar to
the century nor to Christendom. Mr. Pepys in hie
celebrated diary, published in 1662, describing the
female oostumo of Ills day, says:
“The women wear doublets, coat* and great
shirts, jurt for all the world like ■*“* V* 0
oulyfoT a petticoat draggling under their suns,
nobody could take them for women in any way
whatever.”
It is related also that Sir John Boas, the celebra
ted Arctic voyager, on being shown * print of the
1 Bloomer costume, recognised it immediately as the
1 female Esquimaux dress, quaintly adding : “Silks
instead of seals, that’s all.”
' The whole nntnber of common schools in Penn
! sylvania is 9,808, of male scholars 247,494, females
, 205,288; average number to.each school 47. Tho
f cost of teaching eaoh scholar por month, is 48?fo.
\ The amount of school tax levied laat year was $914,-
876.96 y .
Vi. . - Jim- • .vks -
VOL. LXVI.--NEW SERIES VOL. XVI.-NO. 8.
“A good wife,” aava a wostem editor, “ia one
who pots her husband nt the side of the bed next
to the wall and tucks hint up to keep him warm
in the winter, splits the wood, makes the fire in
the morning, washes her husband’s face, draws on
his boots for him, never scolds, nover sutlers a rent
to remain in her husbauds’s small clothes, keeps
hor shoes up at tho heel, and her stockings darn
ed, never wonders what her husband secs interests
mg in the young woman who lives across the way,
never slums tho door loud when her husband is
speaking, and always reproves the children when
they eat their father’s supper.
New Djsooviry in Surgery.—The Boston Trav
eler says“Themoiioal world soema to be greatly
interested at the present time on acoount of a dis
covery in surgery, by Dr. George Heaton, of this
city, who, after years of persevoranee, has at
length succeeded in producing 'a radical cure of
hernia, (rupture,) a complaint which lias hereto
fore balUed the skill of the modical world.”
The Senate committee in the Bhode Island Le
gislature lias reported a bill abolishing the penalty
of death, and substituting imprisonment for life.
At tho samo time, itgnards against the abuse of the
pardoning power by a provision that no person sen
tenced to imprisonment for life, or for a term of not
less than fivo years, shall bo released, except upon
the concurrent vote ofthrec quarters of all the mem
bers elected to each House of the General Assem
bly.
To nndertako to reason a girl out of love, is as
absurd as it would be to attempt toextinguishTVes
uvius with a two ounce syringe. The only thing
that will break a love fit, is hard work and “hiled
pork.” Good advice and indolence only make
things “wuss.”
Emancipation op Slavs*.—A bill is before the
Louisiana Legislature requiring overy person de
sirous of emancipating a slave to give a bond to
the Governor before doing so, for his transporta
tion beyond the limits of tho State. In case such
slave neglect to leave the State, he is to forfeit his
freedom.
A Californian writes that they have fire-flics so
large in that interesting State that they use them
to cook by. They hang their kettles on their hin
der legs, which are bent for tho purpose, like pot
hooks. Great country that.
Tho want of tho gentler sex in California is ex
pressed in tho following bnsiuess report: “Fe
males are earning from S4O to SIOO per month in
the cities of the Pacific, and husbands are as plen
tiful os flies iu a sugar hogshead !’’
The Editor who has not yet mentioned the name
of Kossuth in his paper is expected, iu towu next
week. He will be accompanied by the man that
believes in the Rochester knookings and other
“spiritual man infostations.”
Which can smell a rut tho quickest, the man who
knows tho most, or tho man w’.;> has the most
nose I
The owners of tho elephant Columbus have sued
the town of Adams, in Massachusetts, for $20,000
damages, for tho defective bridge which caused
the death of their elephant. According to this
measure of damages, the life of an elephant is
worth that of four men, $5,000 being the maximum
of dumages allowed bv our laws for death by rail
road accident.
Mississippi.—The Legislature have elected Ste
phen Adams, a Union Democrat, United States
Senator, for tho remainder of Jefferson Davis’
term.
There are 244 banks in the State of New York,
of which 17 belong to private persons. They issue
paper to tho amount of $16,600,000.
“Father,” said a sporting youth to his revered
parent, “they say trout will bite now.” “Well,
well,” was the consoling reply, inind your work,
and then you’ll bo sure they won’t bite you.”
To Cube Dvhpkpsia. —Close all tho outer doors
of a four story house, open the inner doors, then
take along switch and chase] a cat up and down
stairs till she sweats.
The average cost of sending one of the Collins
steamers to Liverpool and back, is $65,216 64 The
cost of constructing the four steamers was $2,944,-
142 71, or an averuge of $786,085 66 oaoh.
“Order my advertisement to ho discontinued for
a few days,” said a merchant to his clerk. “I must
getaway from business a few days, for my health,
but I plainly see that I shall luive no leisure os
long as I continue to advertise.
Gbeatllunt. —A party of 8 Georgians, hunting
in Florida, lately bagged in six days 48 door, 57
Turkeys, 3 alligators, (one 18 feet 4 inclios long 1)
1 panther, and five wild cattle. So says the Jack
sonville News.
A gentleman of London has proposed to build a
sub-marine rail road tie tween France and En
gland. The plan is to construct a tube of plate
iron, and plane it on tho bottom of the channel
which is 21 miles wide between the two countries,
and the water is not deep in tho Straits of Dover.
It is proposed to propel the oarriages by stationary
engines at the ends of the tube. It is ulso propos
ed to hove strong glass windows in tho tube, to
light it up by day, and at night it can bo lighted
with gas. Air can be forced through it so as to
keep the ntmoßphore always pure. A light house
placed on each coast, and a number of buoys, will
indicate the track of the tube, above tlie water so
os to prevent mariners casting anchor near it.
A good Deacon, at a conference meeting in the
town of D , about thirty miles north of Boston,
addressed bis auditors one Sabbatli evening aa fol
lows ; “My friends, ‘there is a now doctrine go
ing about liowaduys. Wo are told that aU mankind
are going to lloaven. But, my ‘brethern and sis
ters, wo hope for better things.’
In England an editorial notice of half a dozen
linos are charged nt the rate of about twenty times
the prico of tho advertisement to which it refc rs
Here it is denmnded as a something to be thrown
into the bargain.
The Sovkbeions of El-hope.—Eighteen of the for
ty six sovereigns of the continent of Europe have
no descendants wlio can succeed them. Eleven will
be succeeded by tlicir brothers ; two, the King of
Denmark and the Duke of Modena, by tlieir un
cles, and one—tlio elector of Hesse, by his cousin.
Four, the Pope of Borne, the tlie Dukes of Bruns
wick and Anhalt-Bernburg, and the Langrave of
llcsßc-llombum have no descendants or collaterals
who can succeed them. Twenty-six have sous who
arc heirs presumtivo.
A sailor iu the pit of a theatre, looking over its
play-bill read : “An interval of twenty-five years
occurs between tlie first and seconds acts. At the
end of the first act he put on his old tarpaulin aud
left the house, sayiug, “Few of those people will
live to sco tlie end on’t.
People’s ideas of comforts are various. A cele
brated hangman in England, showing the gallows
attached to Newgate, observed to the bystanders
that he had hung twcuty person on it, at one time.
Some one suggested that it was tooamall. “Oh,
uo, bless you,” said the hangman, “twenty-five
people could swing on that very comfortably.
Vigorous Men.—The Bouton Trantoript says:
“It is said that as soon as spring ojpens, the Presi
dent will supersede Governor Brigham Young by
a competent and vigorous man.” To which a com
ponent replies :
I know not wlmt Mr. Fillmore’s standard of
a vigorous man may be, nor can I imagine where
he is likely to find a superior to this Brigham
Young. The last I heard of him, lie was giving
sixteen of his wives an airing, in his Uxoribus,
fourteen of whom luul babies.
Mr. Stevenson ha* surveyed the line of the Cairo
Railway. Tlie two brandies of tlie Nile are to be
crossed by a pontoon bridge. The ]>a*ha has given
orders for 18,000 laborers to be put upon the
works.
Tall Shot.—Mr. Gilbert M. Sears, Bayaidc,
Talbot county, Md., killed and.bagged at one shot
on Saturday, the 24th of January, forty-five can
vas-back and red-liead ducks.
In Franco 54 percent, of the soil is cultivated
in England, 55; in Belgium, 48 ; in Denmark,
40; in Italy, 80 ; in Portugal, 80 ; in Germany
and Spain, 27 ; in Switzerland, 26; In Holland and
Austria, 20 ; in Russia and Poland, 18; in Sweden
arid Norway, 14.
There were over six hundred marriages in Low
ell during the past year.—A'. Y. Day Book.
There are about twelve thousand marriageable
girls in Lowell. At tlie rate of six hundred a year
it would take twenty years for them all to get mar
ried—and a large majority would beeora* old
maids.
Won’t Invite Kossuth.—The Board of Aider
men, in Louisville, Kentucky, rejected the resolu
tion of invitation to Kossuth, for tlie fourth time,
on the 18tli mat. Tlie vote forrejcction was unani
mous.
The Philadelphia Mint has just struck a gold
dollar coin of a new design. It consists of a flat
ring, on which there is a superscription. This new
form makes the coin convenichtly large, so that it
is not liable to be mistaken for a three cent or five
cent piece. .
Long Tn.uN.-Dn Tuesday of lastweck a train of
forty-eight freight care, drawn by two locomotives,
passed from Poughkeepsie to New York on the
River Railroad. The company have contracted for
several freight locomotives, which will draw fifty
heavily laden cars and make good time. The easy
grade of the whole line of tho road renders this
practicable. — State Reg.
Great solicitude is manifested to learn where
Kossuth got his 40,000 muskets at two dollar* a
pieoe. Also whether they are aa likely to injure
the enemy as those who fire them.
In 1790 the population of the State of Maryland
was 849,728; and in 1840, it waa 588,086- The
census of 1790, however, included that portion of
the District of Columbia which Maryland ceded to
the General Government, so that in calculating the
increase, about 10,000 are to be deducted from the
return for 1790. Tbo population of the city of
< Baltimore by the lust census, is 169,054,
Havre db Grace, Feb. 10.—The ie* here has not
been moved or even disturbed by the late freshet,
so deeply is it imbedded in the depth of the river.
The crossing is in good order, apparently ns firm
as tlie earth, and among the passengers who passed
, over it to-day were a large number of ladies.
Seventy-five more burthen cars were passed over
the railway laid on the loe to-day, which seems ca
pable of bcariug any amount of weight that could
bo placed upon it.
The i\ew York Tribune states that tho earnings
of the Erio Road are large for tho season, and tho
downward freight is as large as the road baa tho
facilities to move. Tho receipt* for February will
probably exceed $200,000, although it lias only 24
working days.
Tho New York Tribune says that a detachment
of U. 8. troops, numbering 51, sailed from Fort
Wood, 'n New York harbor, for Florida, on Thurs
day last, in tho barque Exact.
Snow fell during Friday night at Philadelphia,
and on Saturday tbo ground was covered to the
depth of from two to three inches.
The New Orleans Bulletin notioes a sole of a crop
of Sugar at actual tare. This is the first transac
tion of tlie kind that has been reported; and the
Bulletin says it is satisfactory to both portioß, tbo
plantor having obtained a better price for his crop
than he could have realized at the old commercial
tare of ten per cent., and tlie buyer receiving the
full amount that he pays for.
The States of Vermont and Illinois have author
ized Virginia state stocks to be taken aa a basis ot
security for the issue of bank notes in these States.
A bill having the same object in view ia now before
the New Jersey Legislature.
A Bank Non-Suited run Usunr.—The Western
Bank, at Springfield, sued John Mills, for notes to
the amount of SIB,OOO, endorsed by him, for tlie
mombers of a firm who are now insolvent. Tbo
payment was resisted, on the ground of illegal pro
ceedings in discounting tho notes, and also on ac
count of usury. The Supreme Court Uavo sustain
ed tlie objections. The bank, it is supposod, will
lose about SIB,OOO of tlie SIB,OOO, having collateral
security for the balance.
The Prussian Minister of Commerce, in reply to
inquiries relative to the New York Exhibition of
ludnstry, ha* stated tliat, as the Amerioun govern
ment has given no guarantee whatever, tho Prus
sian government could do nothing in behalf ot
thoso who might feel inclined to send articles of
produce there.
The Savannah Morning News states that on
Tuesday ten thousand six hundred and thirty-eight
bales of Upland Cotton were oloared at that port,
all of which went ooastwise. Besides this amount,
tlie News says, there were several vessels ready to
clear, whose mauifost* were not quito ready, on
board of which there were about two thousand
more bales.
Jacob Little’s rc-appcarauce at the Now York
Broker’s Board, from which he has been for some
time excluded, In consequence of liis suspension,
was greoted with cheers.
A Mowlno Machine.—Tlie Poughkeepsie (N- Y.)
Eagle says that a maohine for mowing, manufactu
red in the western part of that State, has recently
been introduced into Dutchess county, which will
probsbly prove of great advantage to farmers. It
is warranted to cut and spread au acre an hour of
any kind of grass, with a pair of horses, on all lands
free frem obstructions, and do it as well as it can
be done with a scythe by the best of mowers. Tho
maehine is simple in iU construction, and can be
managed by any hoy capable of driving a pair of
horse*. It i» highly recommended by a large n um
ber of farmer* who have used it with success in tho
western and central part of the State.
The loe Trade.—The Shipping List gives tho
exports of Ice from tlie port of Boston in January, as
follows: To East indies, 798 tons; Havana, 836;
St. Thomas, 200; Nassau, 176; Porto Cabello, 33;
San Francisco, 475; New Orleans, 4,684; Mobilo,
745; Pensacola, 40; Apalaohicola, 150; Wilming
ton, N. C., 141; Charles ton, 852. Total, 7,974 tons.
In January, 1851, the amount waa 4,249.
A correspondent of the N. Y. Times writes from
tlie Mexican capital that Santa Anna contemplates
invading Mexico througli Aoapuloo, on the west
coast, where, tlie correspondent says, all tlie muni
tions of warars daily accumulating in tlie warehous
es of the leading Santaniataa. All tlie officials in that
State (Guerrero) are Santa Anna’s friends. Gen.
Alvarez, tlie Governor, is almost omnipotent, a firm
friend of the great oouapirator, and a bitter enemy
of President Arista. He haa plenty of aniiß, and
can call into the field 17,000 Indians ut any mo
ment.
Which is Rioiit?—Gov. McDongal,_ in a recent
message to the Legislature of California, says tlie
number of Indians in tllfct State is 200,000. The
census reiums say 82,231. The outlro number of
Indiana inhabiting all parts of our country, accord
ing to the latter authority, amounts to about 418,000.
New Counterfeit.—A counterfeit SIOO bill on
the State Bank of Georgia, payable at Augusta,
was exhibited to ns last week. It was a new bill,
and very well executed, but wa* instantly con
demned by the new principles of detection taught
by Mr. Knapp. Counterfeits are multiplying daily
and tlie most effectual way to banish them from
circulation is for those who liandio much money
to qualify themselves to detect tlie fraud at a glance.
—Chattanooga Ado.
Bbiiioino Navioable Watk/w.—-A Mr. Hough
ton, of Bergen, N. J., ha* devised a plan for the
coiiHtruction of bridges across navigable waters, so
as not to interfere w ith tbo navigation. His plan is
to erect a bridge upon piers nt the necessary eleva
tion, with a track thereon with rails and wheels,
from which, upon a strong frame work, should de
pend a platform, at the level of the connecting
roads, (and, of course, above high wutcr and fVeali
ct,) which shall receive the trains to be conveyed
across by the application of a venr simple power
crank and pulley, moving the wheels above.
Mississippi Laniis.—A bill has been introduced
into tbo Mississippi Legislature, proposing to «ell
60,000 acres of the 500,000 granted to the State for
internal improvements, at a minimum price of $2
per acre, distributing tlie sales through De Soto,
Tunica, Coahoma and Bolivar counties. It ftirther
proposes to issue script to these counties, and to
Issaquena and Washington, for 600,000 acres of
swamp land, also granted to the State by the Gene
ral Government, to I e sold by tho levee commis
sioners at 50 cents per acre. The bill also provides
that after tho Ist or October, 1858, the residue of
the swamp lands is to be brought into market at $1
per acre, and from the proceeds of which the in
ternal improvement fund arising from the sale of
that part of the 500,000 acres provided for in the
bill shall be reimbursed with interest at 8 per cent,
per annum, — Pic.
Gen. Scott oppkued the Presidency or Mexico.—
The New Orleans Delta refers to a fact in the his
tory of Gen Scott that wo havo never Been men-,
tinned before. Itstates that an offer was made to him ‘
when in the city of Mexico, after Its capture, by
several of tlie wealthiest persons in the Republic, to
maintain him as president of that republic, with as
much of Ids srmv as would lie willing to remain in
the Country, until the government oould be organ
ized, and the country restored to prosperity. peace
and order. As an inducement to accept this oiler,
these gentlemen bouud themselves to settle upon
him tnesiim of one million of dollar*.
This splendid offer was declined by the General,
with scarcely a moment’s consideration. The
merit of this sacrifice (says the Delta) appears the
greater from a consideration of tho narrow circum
stances of Gen. Scott, who, for the last twenty
years, has had but a comparatively small salary to
maintain himself and the necessary dignity of liis
position.— Ck. dour.
Pennsylvania State Works.—From a tabular
statement submitted to the Pennsylvania Senate
by the State Auditor it appears that the coat of tho
State Works of internal improvamant owned by
.that Commonwealth, has been $80,067,077.66; tho
expenditures $16,925,266.28; whilst the revenue
from them haa amounted to $21,168,813.49. Tlie
amount paid for interest on loans, pertaining di
reotly or indirectly to public improvement*, lip to
tlie close of the fiscal year of 1851, waa $30,786,-
218.32—making au aggregate, of coat, expenditures
and interest, of the enormoua sum of nearly SBO,-
000,000.
Great Country I—The Cincinnati Commercial ,
piles up the agony ami goes it with a rush, in a
shouting paragraph aa follows;
•‘We have the longest railwny and telegraph
line*, the best wives, the fattest children, the big
gest river*, the fastest steamboats, the worst police,
tlie most adroit rascals that ever the sun shone on,
and we can put a chunk of ice in one of Hall’s safe*,
chuck said safe into Monnt Vesuvius, haul it out
after years, and cool a lemonade With the contents.
In short, we arc one mighty mass of conglomera
ted usefulness, each fragment doing the nest for
itself, blit all making one mighty big circumstance .
forth* whole, as the hunter said when lie splits
fence rail for a ram-rod.”
Kelt pm.—We find the fallowing recipes, said to
be very superior, iu an exchange paper: *
Tapioca Pudding.—Steep 1 quarter pound of Ta
pioca in a quart of milk for 2 hours, let it get
warm, beat 5 egg* with a quarter pound of sugar,
bake it without eruat, make atßSuoe of butter and
sugar with essence of lemon.
Vermicelli Pudding.—Boil a quarter pound of
Vermicelli in a pint of new milk till it i» soft, with
a atick or two or cinnamon, then put in a half pint
of thick cream, a quarter ot a pound of butter, tho
same of sugar, the yolks of four eggs well l*at;
bake in an earthen dish without "mist, to lie eat
with wine sauce. JIl . „
To Cook a Beep Tongß*—Stenp it in water all
night, then boil it 3 hours, stick it with cloves, rub
it with tlie yolk ot *n egg»«trew bread crumb* over
it baste it with butter, *et it before tlie fire until it
is’brown, when you dish it up, pour a little gravy
or wine sauce over it.
Extraordinary Cooperage,—The application of
science to the increased production of article* ne
cessary for'commerce, lia* rarely been exhibited in
a more striking way than by a patented invention
for constructing casks, barrels puncheon*, and ev
ery thing iu the cooperage line, in a apace of time
which literally baffle* tielief. One of'the machines
is at present in operation at tlie St. Itollex Works.
An ou-looker must be astonished to find the staves
of an ordinary sized oask prepared, pot together,
and headed in little more than ten minute*. The
thing is perfect, the cutting and joining arc doim
witli mathematical precision, Mid all the hand ha* # _
to doi* to arrange the stavesacd fixtbe heads; all _
the rest is accomplished bv machinery, and with so
little treuble that the article ia finwhiia btfflSre one
could fancy tliat a hoop wa* on. The machai
like tliat of most important inventions, J* oweed- Ajfijjjf
ingly simple. The patentee of this invention i* Mr.
JnnicH Robertson, tormeriy ufLiverpool. —OUugow
paper.
The Okavi or Wamuhoton’* Mother.—A cor
resiiomleiit of the Lowell Cornier, writing from
Virginia, sayt that while In Jfrederioksburgh, wUeh
was for some time the residence of Washington
while a young man, and where he was made a Mb
son, he had the curiosity to examine the house in
which Washington lived. It is a spacious briok
edffioe, in - /
the tomb of |
ditfon “£ »“ othcr. it has never I
. j
- iminortol mNmT
; ZLZf*'*™ vow. JU