Newspaper Page Text
BY WILLIAM S. JONES.
CHRONICLE & JSENTINEL.
% .97 d2sC£3.
THB WEEKLY
la Pabliahrd ant; TTeJnaaday
AT TWO DOLLARS PE& ASICX
LI A»VAS«.
*0 CLCBI ar INDIVIDUAL* sensing at Tan Ddin,
fix aapiaa as th* Papar <riD ba aaat far to* 7a.tr, thua fur
aiakhig lira Papar at Mia rata as
toIX COPIK* FOR TH.\ DOLLARS,
o r a fraa aapy ta all wka ma/ praauaa uayfaa tubwriben, and
forward ua tba money.
CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
DAILY AND TKI-WKEKLT,
* Ara alao poWlahad at Ikia afflaa, aad mailad ta kabacribara
At tba following rataa, lamaly I
Daitr Pars*,if aa01byma1,.....57 par aonutn.
Tai-WaatLT Parm, 4*• "
TERHS OF ADFEHTISITC.
15 Wuklt.—ioYor.ty-fiYo oonts por square (10 lines or
levs) for the first lasertieo, aid iftj eenis ler eaeh eubeo*
quent insertion.
BY AUTHORITY.
TAX LAW.
An Act to lory amd eolUd « Tax for oadk •/thepolitical
yearn 1552 and WA,and thereafter, until rep*U*d.
Rmctio* 1. Be f* ona lad by the donate awl Houee of Re
jpf*M * nl'iti r r n of the State of Georgia, in General AsemnMy
To* t, awl it le hereby enacted by the authority of the name.
That f. nn and after the pas*©ft es this oet, all real
'•end jv rgonal estate within the tint©, whether owned,
by individual* or corporation#, resident or non-resident,
snail lx; liable to taxation, subject te the exemptions hwt ein-
Mfier apedfied.
Sec. i. Awl he it further enaeted, That the term “real
estate/’ as used in this act, shall be construed to indu>te
land itself, all buildings or ether articles erected upon,
or affixed to, the same ; all mines, minerals, fossils, and
quarries in and under the same, except iniees belonging to
the glut**, and the terra “personal estate," as used in this
act, shall be const rued te include all chattels, monies, debts
due from solrcut debtors, whether oe note, bill, draft
Judgment or mortgage, er open aecounts, goods, wares
and merchandise, capita! Invested is shipping or tonnage,
or capital otherwise Invested, negre slaves, pleasure car
riages, public stocks, end stocks in monied corporations;
ei-io such portion of the capital of incorporated companies
liable to taxation oe their capital us shall net be in retted
Jn reel or personal estate.
B«cd. 8, Awl be it further enaeted, That the following
property shall be ex<?mpted from taxation, to wit : All
exempted from taxation, bjr the Constitution of this
frtatc <a under the Constitution of the United Btatos, all lands
belonging to this tittle or the Cnited Btat.es, every building
erected for the u*t of and used by a college, incorporated
academy or othvr seminary es learning, every building
f>r public Worship, every school house, court house,
and jail, and the several lets whereon such buildings
arc situ ited, and all the furniture belonging to each
of them, all hook;* and philosophical apparatus not hold as
merchandise, and for the purpose of sale, every poor
house, alms house, house of industry, and any house be
longing to any charitable Institution, and the real and per
sonal • ■'♦.ate belonging le any charitable institution or con
nected with the same, the real and personal estate of any
i public library, and other literary associations, all stocks own
ed by thuHtateand by literary and charitable inetituons, al*o
all plantation and mechanical teols, all household and kitch
en furniture not above Ihe value of three hundred dollars, not
held for purpose of sale, or as merchandize, ail libraries—ail
poultry and S2OO value of other property belonging to eaeh
tax payer, and also the annual crops and provisions of the
citizen* of this State, and all fire arms and other instru
ment i .and all munitions of war not held tin merchandise, and
all wearing apparvl es the tax payer and family, and the
holder or owner es stock in any incorporated company
liable to taxation on its capital shall not be taxed as an
Individual for such stock.
Bkc. 4. And be it further enacted, That all lands held
under warrants, and surveyed, but not granted hy the
P ate, shall be liable to taxation in the same manner as if
n.tually granted.
Hue. 5. Awl he it further enacted, That all monied or
et'K;k corporations deriving income or profit from their
capital or otherwise, except as before excepted, shall be
liable to taxation.
HKC. G. And belt further enacted, That each and every
free person of color W this State hetweecn Ihe ages of
eighteen aud fifty shall be taxed annually the sum of five
djl'ars.
fr.c. 7. And leit further enaeted, That the sum of five
dollars shall be levied upon all practitioners of haw or
J'hyaic or Dentistry and Daguerreaa Artists.
Hju;. H, And be it further enacted, That each and every
• male citizen between the ages es twenty-one and sixty
years, shall Im; taxed annually hereafter, twenty-five cents.
HKC. 9. And be U further mar ted, That the receiver of
tax returns in each county, shall receive all returns to him
on the oaths of the persons making them and at such val
uation as they may allix, and if nay persea shall fall to
make a return, er to affix a value, the receiver shall make
such valuation, and assess the tax there** from the best infer*
, ination in his power te obtain, and in o,ws where uo return
ismade or no valuation made by the persons returning, lie
Shall assess a double tax.
B*o. 10. And be U further marled, That it shall be
the duty of the receiver to assess all real and personal cs*
late not returned or not assessed by the person returning
the same at the full market value.
B*o. tl. And be it further enacted, That the receiver
es tax returns shall require all persons t* give in
each and every tract er parcel of land, he or she
may own, specifying its locatien, quality, and the num
ber of acres, if known, and the aggregate value, includ
ing the value of the buildings, machinery, toll bridges or
ferries on the same, a classification es the personal tv-date
, eubjeet to taxation, as defined In the eoeend section of this
act, specifying the number of negro slave* and their aggre
gate value, and tho aggregate es all ether ehattels,
moneys, debts due or to become due from solvent debtors in
whatsoever form, and each classification shall be entered in
Separate columns.
Bsc. 12. Awl be i tfurther enacted, That the Receivers
“'oftax returns throughout the State shall administer to each
. and every person giving in his or her taxable property,
tho following oath, to wit: You de solemnly swear n r
Mifirm) as the can# may be, that the account which
you now giv# In is a just and true account of all
tho taxable property which you were possessed of,
hold er claimed on the first day of January lad, or was In
t terusted in or entitled unte, either In yeur own right or In
tho right of any other person er persons whatsoever, as
Parent, Guardian, Kxecuter, Administrator, Agent, or Trus
tee, or any other manner whatever ; sad that it is not worth
more than the valuation you have affixed to it, to the best
of your knowledge ami belief—as help you Cled.
'S' B sc. 13. And be it further enacted, That It shall bo the
duty of the several tax Receivers within this State to
take in all taxahlee herela before enumerated, and
enter the same in his book er digest with the ap
praised value thereof, following the dassifieaMon speci
fied in the second and eleventh sections of this act,
had return a copy of the same made out it air and legible
hand writing, to the Comptroller General, and one to the
Clerk of the Inferior Court and ene te the tax collector, o* or
before the Ist day of July In each, year In which digest shell
' he carefully made out, as abstract, stating each subject of
Taxation, the amount of aggregate value of each, the num
ber of acres of land, number of slaves, polls, free persons of
color, professions, dentists and degn arroan Artists.
Me*. 14. And bo U further enacted, That when the
Comptroller General .shall have received said digest,
lie is hereby required to examine the same carefully,
to delect any error or errors therein contained, and
having corrected the same, If any shall he found to
exist, he shall then foot up eaeh eolumn end ascertain
the aggregate amount of each and oR the djgeete, and report
the seme to his Excellency the Ooverner, who with the as
sistance of the Comptroller shall assess such a rate percent,
wot exceeding 1 l ith of ene per cent, on the entire amount
es will raise an amount es revenue corresponding to the
create of tin? flt.ite, and notify the several Tax Collectors
throughout th# ot*t# of the rate per cent, so imposed, and
Ihe amount te be e-dieted by him In each county.
fee. 13. And bo tt farther enactal, That the amount so
required to he assessed and collected, shall uot exceed the
suia of three hundred and sevunty-five thousand dollars
annually.
fee. DJ. And bo U farther enaeied, That the amount of
tax to he paid annually to the State upon the amount of real
*ud ucreenal estate taxable under this act, shall be 1 12th of
one per cent., which shall be levied and collected and ■
accounted for according to the existing law, together with
t!i* poll tax end tax on practitioners of law, medicine, free
nefroc'. dentists, and Doguerrean artists.
feu. 17. Add be It farther oimcted by the authority afore
oaid, That it shall be the duly of the Comptroller Ge
neral, with the assistance of the Treasurer, after tho re
turn* of taxes have been made by the tax receivers of the
several counties in this Atate, te make an estimate of the
sum total of taxes which will I* raised under this act ac-
cording to the per cent. o***osed, *m<l If it should appear
that the sum total should exceed the amount of taxes re
quired by this mi to he raised ; then the Comptroller Ge
neral ■'hail issue his drcalar directing the tax collectors of
tills stnte to make such deduction In an equal rat io upon
<m>ry thing taxed according to value, as will reduce (lie
aum total of taxes, as nearly to the amount required by this
act to be raised, as is practicable. The Comptroller speci
fying the percent, deduction neoeesary to be made.
soc. IS. And bo it fart/ter rruicteil. That the tax re
ceivers and collectors shall rood re the s&iue compensation
now allowed hy law.
s*o. 12. Ami be ii farther mooted, That to net the
digests as provided for in the 7th section of the act of 1543,
for the receivers, the default list shall be deducted, and for
the collectors the insolvent list shall he deducted from the
total amount of the digests, and that ell taxes due and
payable under any of the provisions of this act, shall b«
paid in gold or silver, er in ue bills of specie paying Banks
of this State.
Bet\ 20. .! w<l bo it farther enacted, That the fourth
au i fifth sections of an act passed the 92d of February,
eighteen hundred amt fifty, to levy and collect a tax for
e«ch of the political years, 1800 and 1801, and thereafter,
be. ami the same are hereby continued in full force and
ellVot, saving and excepting so much es the fourth section as j
in the following words, to wit: not being over sixty years |
of ago, or valueless from decrepitude er disease.
Sec. 21. And be it farther etuicted. That nothing In this |
act ghoßbe so construed as to relieve Banks, Railroads, or
agencies of Foreign Banks from any special tax heretofore
assessed on them or any of them.
gee-. *»8. Ant be ii farther emitted, That all laws and
parts of taws luiiiUtiug against this act, except such parts
of the tax acts now in force In this State, as may bo ne
cessary to carry out this act, and which are declared in
full foroe, be, aud the same ar* hereby repealed.
JAB. A. MERIWETHER,
Speaker of the House of Represent stives. !
ANDREW J. MILLER,
President of the Senate*
Approved, 9th January, 1832.
HOWELL COBB, Governor.
SUPPLEMENTARY TAX ACT.
AN ACT supplementary to an act, entited an act to levy i
and collect A tax for the political years 1832 and Isa>2, ap
proved January 9, 1802.
WiiKasas, by fifteenth section of the above entitled
act to lew and collect a Ux for the political years 1802 and
1808, it is enacted that the sum of three hundred and sev
enty-five thousand dollars shall b* raised for the support »»f
th Government of this it3t* for oach of said years; and
whereas, by the fourteenth section of said act, it has been j
further enacted, that to raise the said sura, foreald political ;
years, not more than oue-twelfth of one i*er cent, shall ho j
assessed on the actual value of all the property liable to j
taxation under provisions of the above entitled act;
and whereas, his Excellency, the Governor of this Btate, in j
a sjMHrial message made to th* llous* of Representatives, j
hes expressed his doubts whether the said sura of three !
hundred and seventy-five thousand dollars, neoeesary fur j
the support of the government of this State for each of the
laid political years 1802 and 1808, can be raised by the as- j
eessment of only one-twelfth of one per cent, ou th* estima- j
lrd value of the property subject to taxation under said j
act, and h »th recommended to th* General Assembly, as a j
precautionary measure, in case th* said rate per cent, spe- j
cified in said act shall not be sufficient to raise the said sum \
for said politieal year* 1802 and 1858, to pass an act supple- j
plementary to said act, authoriting him and the Comptrol
ler General, on the return by th* several tax Receivers of ‘
thi* State of the Digest of property subject to taxation un
der the pk ovision* of said act, and th* value of the same, \
and upon the examination and fating up of said Digest, it }
oh all satisfactorily appear to them that the said sum of
three hundred and seventy fir* thousand dollars cannot
t>« raised by an assessment of one-twelfth of one per cent, *
on the value r%turt»ed in said Digest, that they may be au- *
thorite4 and empowered to increase the *ai \ rate per ci'nt !
so much, and no further, as may be sufficient to raise the >
sold sum of three hundred and seventy-tiv* thousand dol
lars aostforesoid I now, therefore, for remedy whereof
SKvm*i Ist. Be it enacted by the Semite .j ml lb-use of
Repreeentutire* of the State c*r Georgia, in General As- I
§*M> !yMeL and it U hereby enacted by the authority f
the*'itne. Tbit If, upon the return by the sevfral Tax' Re
ccivers of thi« BUte. of thetr respective Digests, contain
ing the profMfrty subject to taxation, and its value, iu pur
justice of the provision* a« are contained in the said act en
titled an art to levy and collect a tax for the political ysars
1852 aud I<%B. it *holl appear to hi* Excellency, the Gover
nor. and Comptroller General of this State, upou the exami
nation and footing up of th* *anxe, that the said suiu of
three hundred and seventy-five thousand dollar*, necessary
for the support of the Government of this State, for the
said political veers, cannot be raised by an assessment of 1
©ue-tweifih of one per cent- on the aggregige value of all
the property a* returned by said Digest, and subject to tax- ;
atio:i. then, iu such case, it shall and may be tarsal for his
Excellency, the Governor aud Comptroller General of this
Btauv and thev are hereby authorised to iatrees* the said
rate por cent, specified in said ux act, so much, and no
more or further, than wtU be sufficient to raise the said *ura of
three hundred and seventy-five thousand dofiars, necessary
for the support of the Government of thi* Stale for each of
the political year* as aforesaid ; and thereupon forthwith
to i**ue an order to each of the tax collectors of this State,
requiring them, and each of them, to proceed aud collect
and receive of and from each tax payer the amount of his
tax at and after the rate per cent, so increased, and neces
sary for the purposes aforesaid.
gtc. 2. Ami l# it further enacted by the authority afore
gaiil. That prben the Ux collector of any county shall
here.ifter issue an execution for taxes in arrear, the same
shall directed to all and singular the Sheriff; and -con
st able* of this State, and shall be levied by either officer
when the tax due doe* not exceed thirty dollars; but
where the tax exceeds that sum, the execution shall be
levied by the Sheriff alone, and said officers shall be liable
to be proceeded against by rule in their respective court* os
is prescribed by law in relation to other executions.
Pec. 8. Awl be it further enacted by the authority afore
• sai l, That all laws, or. partly of laws, militating against
this act be, and the same aigßreby repealed.
Approved January 21,
AN ACT to require all Wills of personal property, to be ex
ecuted and proved in the same manner as is now prescrib
ed by law, for the execution and proof of Devisee of real
estate.
Bsc. 1. Be it by tho Senate and H&uoe of Reprc
pouMhmefthostof Grtrfahi* Gonorai JmmUy
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
tost, and U is hereby enacted by the authority of the same.
That from and after the flr*t day of June next, all will* and
testaments of personal property shall be in writing, and
signed by the party *• willing and bequeathing tb« some, or
by some other person in Li* presence, aud by his expres* di
rections, and shall be attested and eubscribed in ths pres
ence of the said i<;*tator hy three or four credible ritnttttt,
er fL-« they shall be utterly void and of no effect.
Skc. 2. A rid be Ufurther enacted by the authority afirre-
OCUd, That all law* and parts of laws now' of force ia this
Btate, and applicable to th* Kevocatieo es devise* of real es
tate, shall ext«:.d to Wills and testaments of personal pro
perty.
b » - 3 A r»d be U farther mooted by the authority afbre
mid, Thai all lews and parts of laws now es force in this
Bute, pr' '•rioing the mode of proof of devise* es real estate,
are hereby *xtended te Wills and testamsnu of personal
property.
nc. 4. And he it further enactefl by the authority afore
e.aid, That this act shall not be construed te extend to nun
cupative wills.
N.o. 5. And be it further enacted by ths authority afore
> •///. That as won os this act shall b* paired, it shall be th*
duty of the Governor to cause the sains to be published in
three or more of the public Gazette* *f this State, at least
on- o in every wetik until the first day es June next, and that
billatrsand parts es laws militatin'/against the previs:ens
of this act, be and the same ar* hereby repealed.
Approved 2let January, 1852. fob 6, wj 1
AN ACT to provide for the Education es the Poor.
B r. nos 1. B* it enaeted by ihe General Assembly of the
State of Georgia, That eighteen hundred and thirty-three
shares of the capital stock of the Bank of the State of Geor
gia, dfr.t. hum!ro*<l and ninety shares of the capital *to«k of
tho Dank of Angueta, and on* hundred and eighty-six
share* of the capital stock of th* Georgia Rail Read and
Banking Company, all belonging to this 2>tote, be hereby
sea apart as a permanent fund for the education of the poor,
and Ui* said fund shall be increased by so many shares of
th* capital stork of either of said banks as tan be pur
chased with the unexpended balance, if there be any in
the* Treasury, of tho thirty thousand Dollar* appropriated
to dcfi oy the expenses of the State Convention of 1850,
and with all tbe available asset s of the Central Dank, aft«r
the payment of its debts, and the Treasurer of the btate is
h' rs by required to make such purchase, in whole or in part,
according to the means at any time available therefor, and
the scrip of the blocks so belonging to the State, and is to
Ire pun Iwod, shall he under the control and management
of iii« Tre isurer for the purpose aforesaid.
Si •. 2. 'Hie income of the permanent fund aforesaid shall
Ire divided yearly among those counties which may have at
tiie Treasury '.f this State by the firm of December, in each
ye .r, li-is of their poor children, in the manner hereinafter
pointed out, the division to be in preportion to th* number
of names on tho respective lists and th* quota of each
county, to be paid to the school cornmissioner’s order under
the peal of his office.
Bw. 8. The Ordinary of each county shall he ex officio
school cotnini-sioner thereof, and shall take an oath and en
ter into on obligation as part of his official bond as ordinary,
to disen ar;re nU the duties of School Commissioner as pre
scribed by this art, and to faithfully apply all the money
which may coiue Into his hand* in that capacity: he shall
also be entitled to retain as a compensation for his services
a* such commissioner, two and one half per centum, upon
ail such monies as he may receive, and the same per cen
tum upon all such monies as he may pay out under the pro
visions of tliis act. Provided, That no provision of die
foregoing act shall repeal or militate against the provisions
of an act assented to the 21th December, 1847, prescribing
the mode of disbursing the Poor School fuad, end the elec
tion of District Treasurers,, entitled an act to amend an
act to provide for the education of the Poor, so far as th*
counties of Lumpkin and Rabun are concerned.
Huc. L And be it farther enacted, That all the duties
imposed by the provisions of this act upon the Ordinaries
of each county, shall, in the county of Chatham, be dis
charged by the Justices of the Inferior Court, and the said
Jusluv are hereby authorised to appoint one or more fit
and proper person, who shall act a* School Commissioner
or Coniiai.-H.oners for sa d county, and who shall discharge
the duties imposed by this act, upon the select commissioner,
under such regulations as the said Inferior Court may pre
scribe.
Bec. 6. And le it further enacted, That the county of
I'nion be exempt from the provisions of this act, and that
the Poor School fund of said county, be disbursed under
the heretofore existing law. Provided, that said county is not
to be exuuded from the benefits of any fund raised under
this act.
rs. <>. The duties of School commissioner in each county,
shall be the following : he shall levy and cause to be col
lected by the Tax Collector of the county, such tax as may
he recommended by the Grand Jury of the first Superior
Court in each year, for the purpose of educating the poor,
and shall take charge of the same when collected. He
shall, each year, between the first of September and the first
of November, make and keep in a book for that purpose,
a IKt of all such children in the county, between the ages of
eight and sixteen years, as he nuiy deem unable from the
poverty of themselves or parents, to procure a plain Eng
ji >h Education, without public assistance; and to assist him
in making such list, he shall appoint two persons in each
Militia D. trict to give him information respecting the poor
children thereof, which persons, shall take an oath, in wri
ting, before the Ordinary, to faithfully discharge the duties
of lluir appointment, and to return only such children as
in their opinion are entitled to the benefits of this act —lit
shall, within the week of November, each year, forward
one copy of said lidt for that year to the Treasurer of this
State, and shall by the first of December, in each year, have
at tbe State Treasury, his order under the seal of his office,
lor the quota of his county, in the State dividend aforesaid,
—he shall lay a copy of this list for the year next last, be
fore the Grand Jury of the first court in each year, and shall
also lay before them his written estimate of what county tax
w ill bo necessary to secure the tuition of all such children
a; may be entitled to be placed on the list for the year then
present—he shall pay teachers of poor children in the fol
lowing manner, that is to say : he shall keep on file every
such account for the tuition of children on the list for each
year a* shall lie rendered to him. on or before the 25th of
December, in that year, proven by the oath of the Teachers,
specifying the number of days each child was taught, not
exceeding the usual rates of such teachers, nor exceeding
such maximum as may be established by the Ordinary in
each county ; and after the 25th of December, he shall pro
ceed to pay all such accounts in full, if the funds in hand
bv sufficient, or rateably, if insufficient, and always keeping
as a fund for the next year, any surplus which may he left.
Buo. 7. The Judges of the Superior Courts shall give this
act specially in charge to the grand juries of the first Courts
in each year, together with suggestions and arguments
upon the duty and policy of educating the poor. Provided,
that the returns of poor children iu th* counties, embraced
in the third and fifth sections of this net, shall be made un
der the oath and in the manner prescribed in the sixth see
lion; and ordinaries in said counties, shall be entitled to re
tain their commissions on the State fund received, but not
on its disbursement.
Fix. 6. All laws and parts of laws at all conflicting with
this uot are hereby repealed
. JAS. A. MERIWETHER,
Speaker of the House of Representatives.
ANDREW J. MILLER,
President of the Senate.
Approved, 22d January, 1852.
HOWELL COBB, Governor.
AN ACT for the relief of married women whose huebands I
have deserted them.
Bkc. 1. Be U enacted by the Senate end House of Rep- 1
resentatices of the State qf Georgia in General Assembly
convened, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of
the same, That in all cases where a married woman has
been deserted by her husband, and has, white se deserted,
by her exertions and those es her children, or otherwise ac
quired property of any kind, the same shall be exempt from
the payment of said husbands'# debts, and bt vetted in said
married woman, for her sole and separate use, sot subject
to the debts, contracts or control of said husband.
Approved December 80,1851.
AN ACT to amend the net of eighteen hundred and thirty
eight, regulating the taking testimony in certain case*.
Sar. i. Be it enacted by the Senate and Ilouse t(f llcp
rosentativos qf the Stoic of Georgia in General Assembly
«i*A, and it is hereby enacted by the authority of the
same. That in addition to the rase* already specified in the
act assented to twenty-eighth December, eighteen hundred
and thirty-eight, the party plaintiff or defendant, where he
hits but a single witness te provs any particular point or
fuel in his case, may take his testimony by commission ex
actly ns in c.m*s provided for by said act of eighteen hun
dred aud thirty-eight, with the restrictions and limitations
therein set forth.
Approved, January 5,1852.
S9OO REWARD !
T> ASA WAY Oil STOLE*, from the J'uhscrl--.
IV her. in Oglethorpe county, fla, on Monday c©
night thoJ IMh March lost, my negro boy DOCTOR'jk
alias ALEXANDER, nineteen years old, yellow•om-*JL£.
plexion, rhunkt y built, walks with his toes inclined inward
ly, marked by the small pox, and wore off whon he left a
walnut-died wool liut. I will give S2O reward for the boy,
.or his confinement in any safe Jail so that I can get him ;
or S2OO reward for the boy and the person who stole him,
if stolen, and proof sufficient to convict him.
NOTICE TO JAILORS.—Jailors are requested to regard
the description of the boy, and not his mere statemeut as
to his owner, ns he may and probably will attempt to de
ceive them. Any information concerning the above boy
will be liberally rewarded and thankfully received. My
residence is in Oglethorpe county Georgia, and my Post
Office Brookline, Madison co. Ga.
1 W 4 ARCHER GRIFFITH.
UA.\ VWAY from mein Burke county, on the mj,
17til inst.,my Boy SAM ; blacksmith by trade. vV
lie is chunkrv built, about 80 years of age, 5 feet 5
or 0 inches high, of dark complexion, and weighs «Aa.
about l(k» pounds ; he has a bad countenance, and works
left banded; be has a bad cut on his right arm ; he was
bought from Simeons A l.oe, about a year ago. lie is sup
posed to b© lurking Augusta or South Carolina. A
liberal reward will be given to any person that will lodge
him in any jail co lean get him.
ap22-4w JOHN ATTAWAT.
STOP THE VILLAIN.
TY AX A WAY from the subscriber, on ths sth m +
IV Inst., (After having knocked his young master
down with an axe, fracturing his skull considerably,
and leaving him, as he supposed, dead) a bright mu- teiA
latto (nearly white) Boy, *bout 21 years old, named HEN
RY, chunky built, about 5 feet 8 inches high, with light
sandy or brown hair, rather coarse and bushy, and inclined
to curl a little, gray eyes, cheeks frequently flush, and is
much given to smoking; has on his left hand, just where
the forefinger leaves it, a large scar from a knife; his left
leg, also, has a large scar from a burn, th* leader of the
ham having been considerably drawn, so that the left leg
is a liitls more erooked than the other. Both legs are in
clined to knock-knee. He is of a lively turn, and can do a
little at dro.-sing plank and putting up weatherboarding,
and may attempt to pass himself as a carpenter, and will,
no doubt, try to puss as a white or free man, under the
name of MATIIENYS. It is confidently hoped and believed
that the publit, and especially every father, will take soma
interest iu apprehendiug aud bringing to justice so daring
a villiou.
A liberal compensation will be given for his apprehen
sion aud delivery iu any jail so that 1 vet him.
PITT S. MILNER.
Barnesviile, Feb. 16,1553. fe2o-6m
UWThe Tri-weekly Savannah Republican and Colum
bus Enquirer will please copy for two months. P. S. M.
GLENDINNING A CO’S
M AIIDLE WOlUiss, Broad street, Augusta, Georgia,
Whore we have on hand and will continue to keep a
large stock of both Italian and American Marble, for
Monuments, Toombs, Head Stones, 4kc. f to which we res
pectfully call the attentiou of those wanting work in our
iue. We are now preparetno fill all orders at short no
tice, in as good style and as low as work of ths same quality
can be furnished for from any establishment in the United
States. Plans aud prices will bs sent those who cannot call
au i examine for themselves.
P. B.—Orders from the country executed with neatness
and despatch. d 27
PHILIP A. MOTSE,
«T’/ msuc? »n,t medicines, paints, otta, cti
V :/ DYE STUFFS, WINDOW GLASS, IIRISII- Yu
£3 ES, PERFUMERY, patent medicines, £»
INSTRUMENTS, Ac., Ac.
Xo. IPS Biyxtd Street, Augusta, Georgia ,
Has nowon hand a very large Stock of the above articles,
which .are offered for sale at very low prices, and on accom
modating terms.
gST Country Merchants, Physicians and Planters art
invited to call and examine, before purchasing elsewhere,
jnlthw • _______
DISSOLUTION OF COPARTNERSHIP.
TIIK l-OPARTSKRSHIP heretofore existing under
the fi-rn of KERRS A HOPE, in this City, »nd of
KERRS, HOPE A CO., in Now York, tins been diwoWed by
the death of ANDREW KERR, and by mutual consent »f
th’’ surviving partners. The bu«in«. of th. Copartnership
will he settled by either of the tubserihera, who will sign the
name of the firm in liquidation. JOHN KERR,
JAMES HOPS,
JOHN HOPE,
Survivor*.
Notice is given, that debts dne KERRS A HOPE,
unites paid, or satisfactorily arranged during the present
ppring, must necessarily, m,J without any exception, be
But In kit. mhlT-ddAwSc.
LOOK HERE.
T'HK SU*SrniBKH offers for Sale his RESIDENCE
L in ltosweU, Cobb county, furnished thoroughly. There
are 5 Acres of Land attached to the house, all under good
fences— with aP, necessary out-buii.iings. The house is one
■ of the best finished and most desirable in the Cherokee
: Country. Roswe'l is 18 miles from Marietta, and is consid
ered, both „ n account of its society and location, one of the
: moss delightful In th. State. Also, a fine Farm, containing
,TT’ S ■*•'> acres of Land, (about 200 cleared,! a
won fiiushed an.l comfortable House, with suitable ™*
t.uil,hug., together with every thing necessary to carry oa
, which is now under cultivation. The above will
1 V->.'?*’»" pr ’*P**»'ely, and possession given as soon
' *'!Ua!w-.ia^Forftuther particulars, enquire of
few-dawdAwtf ROBERT A. LEWIS, Savannah.
IV’tnTnuMn* L | > T l,S ’ Pf warranted quality, furnished
at-jfr P“‘up in bolts to order.
anditlteWqSi^X^aAib; I’l 1 ’ 1 Mm S * CC “’ eh “ P
WM. R. SCHIRMER,
i Awctiwa. G
NOTE LO6T.
T ObT OH STOUEYjRsm m , in Bark .
1j county, a POCKET BOOK. eontainkT?
Note of One Hundred and Ten Dollars dsfJ!
, October 11. Usl, made hy Michael US
able to Timothy Donovan. 1 forewarn all t>er*rn« mina*
; trailing for said Note. jaJfl-tf TIMOTHY DOSOVAdf *
LAND FOR SALE IN COLUMBIA COUNTY
rpllK SI BSCRIBER offers for sale 187 , t res of LAND
I in Columbia County, 18 mile* from Augusta near the
! Georgia Kail Hoad, 1 mile from Bertelia Depot. ’ B*id fond
j is all in the woods, except about 10 acres, and i* veil Urn
• be rod, with fine Blackjack ami Light wood. The furthest
! point from the Kail Road is about 1,400 yards. There is a
i new Log HOUSE, 25 feet long by 20 wide, nearly complete
and Com Crib, 14 by 18 feet. There is also a Spring of ex
cellent water on it, and for health it cannot be surpaoeed
in this section of country. The society is good. There is a
Methodist Church in 400 yards of the hous**. Any person
wishing to purchase would do well to call and see it, os a
bargain will be given, if application be mode soon.
ii. X. UVU2J.NEAKE, a»« Dwtvds,
; 1852. PROSPECTUS 1852.
OF THB ’
SOM CULTIVATOR
VOLUME X FOR 1352.
Dr. DI3IEL LEE, D. BEDSOVD,
_E:>nys. | Ajc<;TX>'T &DITOB.
TEEMS — ONE DOLLAR A YEAE IN ADVANCE.
The Sui.thebx Cci.tivator ititumed .very month,
and i» eiclu»ively devoted t» Agriculture, Horti
culture, Floriculture, Domestic and Farm Economy,
Tillage and Ilofcbandry, the Breeding aud Haiarinr
of Domestic Animals. Poultry and Bees, and the
general routine of Southern Flaming and Farrninsr.
The new volume for 1852, will be issued on a roval
octavo aheet of 32 pa_'cs. with NEW TYPE, FlNtv
PAPER, AND BEAUTIFUL ILLUSTRATIONS!
It will contain a much water amount of matter
than heretofore —will discuss a greater variety of
topics, and will be in every respect the best Agri
ci ltckai. Paper is tue Soctu 1 and equal to aay in
the Union!
Friends of Sontbern Agriculture!!
As the Ccltjvatob was the First journal established
in the Cotton Growing States, exclusively devoted
to the interests of the Planter; and as it has ever
been an earnest and consistent advocate of those
interests, we confidently hope that, having fostered
and sustained it thus lur. your cordial and generous
support will still be continued.
Plasters, Farmers, Gardeners. Fecit Growers,
Stock Kaisers, Ncksertmes, and all in
any way with the cultivation of the soil, will dad the
Somu.RN Ci ltivator replete with new and valua
ble information: and richly worth ten times the
rilling sum at which it is afforded.
TERMS OF THE CULTIVATOR :
ONE copy, one year, ::::::: $ 1.00
SIX copies, :::::::::: 1.00
TWELVE copies, :::::::: 10.00
TWENTY-FIVE copies, :::::: $20.00
FIFTY copies, : : : :::::: 87.50
ONE HUNDRED copies, :::::: 75.00
ALWAYS IN ADVANCE-
T-ts Gentlemen who obtain subscriptions, will
please forward them as early as possible.
All bills of specie paying Banks received at
par—and all money sent by mall will be at our
risit.
W. S. JONES, Publisher.
Angusta, On., January 1,1852.
.THE REMEDY FOUND AT LAST.
TRIBMrIIA.VT ttUCCESfe has attended the u*e es
Shat wonderful Ointment MARSHALL’S MAGICAL
PAIN EKADICATOR. Every body that has used it, speaks
well of it, and what “every l>ody says must be true.”
Since the first of January last, upwards of 700 Certifi
cates have been received, testifying to the good effects and
Superiority of Marshall’s Magical Pain Eradicator.
In some very few instances this preparation has not given
entire satisfaction, but just look, for a moment, at the number
who have been benefltted. Seven hundred voluntary tes
timonials have been given, and certainly not less than five
times this number have experienced the good effects of this
Ointment, in the same space of time.
The public will please bear in mind that this is a purely
Southern preparation, and is entitled to the patronage of
Southern people. As no charge its made, should no be
nefit be received, give it a fair trial, and in ninety cases
out of a hundred the greatest success will be sure to follow.
For further particulars, and a number of certificates, you
are referred to the pamphlets, to be had at any of the
Agencies.
The diseases which Marshall’s Eradicator will cure, are
Rheumatism, Acute and Chronic, Lumbago, Painful Nerves,
Scrufula, Spinal Affections, Dislocations, Sprains, <Kdemntous
Swellings, Tumors, Ganglions, Nodes, Wens, Bruises, Strains,
Weak Joints, Contracted Tendons, llead-Ache, Gout, Palsy.
Tooth-Ach, Ac. For sale by
Jl AVI LAND, RISLEY A Co., Augusta, Ga.
1). B. PLUMB A Co., do. do.
D’ANTIGNAC A BARRY, do. do.
BARRETT A CARTER, do. do.
WM. K. KITCHEN, do. do.
W. H. TUTT, do. do.
P. A. MOISE, do. do.
And by W. 11. AJ. TURPIN Proprietors, do. de.
It is also for sale throughout the State, by the principal
Druggists.
N. B.—Be careful to look for the written signature of J
E. Marshall on the wrapper of each box. None is geniiim
without it. 026
GUNfel CBJiSl^a
On Mclntosh street, tico doors from Georgia Railroad
Bank.
JUST RECEIVED, per steamer Africa, the largest
and best assortment of ENGLISH GUNS ever offer
ed in this city, comprising every variety, from London aifd
Birmingham makers, at the lowest rates for cash.
Double aud Single Barrelled GUNS, all sizes and prices.
A fine assortment of Single and Double Barrelled GUNS
for boys.
RIFLES and Double GUNS, of my own make, one barrel
Rifle and the other Shot, a line article for hunting deer and
Turkies.
Colts’, Allen’s, and other REVOLVERS; also Single bar
relled, Self Cocking and Rifle PISTOLS, cast steel barrels.
Common Pistols, all kinds ; Percussion CAPS, of Wester
ly Richard’s, Cox’s water proof, Walker’s and G. D. French,
and Military Caps.
A great variety of Powder FLASKS, Shot BELTS, and
Game BAGS, of the finest Patterns.
Also, Wash Rods, Drinking Flasks and Cups, Nipple
Wrenches, Pocket Compasses, Screw Drivers, fine large
hunting Horns, and everything in the Sporting line.
Being a practical Gun Maker myself, and having these
guns made to my order, expressly for this market, persons
buying will get a much better articles than is sold at the Hard
ware Stores, and at equally low pricee, and all warrant
ed to shoot well.
Powder and Shot, Wholesale and Retail, all varieties.
N. B.—RIFLES made to order, and all kinds es Repair
ing and re-stocking GUNS, done in the best manner and
warrapted. 010-ly E. 11. ROGERS.
REUBEN RICH’S PATENT CENTRE VENT WA
TER WHEEL.
CAUTIOiV.—IIaving been informed that a certain per
son named Reed, is vending a Water Wheel upon
which the water Is conducted by means of a spirial scroll, as
upon Reuben Rich’s “Patent Centre Vent,” we hereby notify
and caution the public, that w'e will prosecute, in ail in
stances, for any evasion or infringement upon said patent,
both the maker and party using, and will be thankful for
any information referring us to parties thus trespassing.
GIN DRAT k CO.
Montgomery, Ala., June 11, 1850. je2l-tf
THE MONTGOMERY MANUFACTURING COM
PANY’S IRON WORKS.
MONTGOMERY, ALABAMA.
MAINTFACTL'Rfi, in superior style, Horizontal and
Upright STEAM ENGINES, of all sizes; Steam
BOILERS ; LOCOMOTIVES ; Cast Iron WATER WHEELS;
Sugar MILLS ; Saw and Grist Mill IRONS, of every varie
ty, (including Iloxie'scontinuous feet for Saw Mills;) En
gine and Hand LATHES; Iron and Brass CASTINGS, of all
kinds, Ac., Ac.
All orders filled with despatch.
ap22 GTNDRATACO._
IMPORTANT TO MILL OWNERS AND MANU
. FACTUKEUS.
Unrivalled Improvement in Water Wheels.
TilK Sl'DritTlltiLKS are sole agents for making and
vending the best Water Wheel in the world, known as
Vandewater's Water Wheel. We challenge the World to
produce its equal. It has but recently been introduced to
the public, aud found to be far in advance of all other
wheels, both in power and economy in water, every drop be
iug effective, and none wasted. This Wheel is not in the
least affected by back water. As we prefer them being
placed below tail water in every instance, consequently we
get every inch of head; they being entirely of cast iron,
simple of construction, are not liable to get out of order,
and are more durable than any wheel now in use. We
have recently put one in operation for George Schley,
Esq., at his Belviile cotton factory, to whom we would give
reference. See certificate annexed. •
All orders for Wheels or Territorial Rights, will meet with
attention by addressing the subscribers.
JAGGER, TREADWELL A PERRY.
Albany, New York.
Or to their Agent, J. J. Kibbe, Augusta.
[certificate.]
Augusta, Ga., March 24,1851.
Jngger, Treadwell A Perry—Gentlemenl have the
gratification of informing you that your Y&ndewater Wheel
was successfully put in operation at my factory last week,
and it worked to perfection. Its simplicity, durability, and
uniformity of speed, ar* recommendations alone ; but above
ail, its highest encomium is the small quantity of water it
takes as compared with other wheels. I have been using
on* of Reuben Rich's Centre Vent Wheels, of three feet
and a half diameter, and eleven inch bucket, the discharge
openings measuring 4tm inches. I displaced that and put
in one of yours of six feet diameter, with discharge open
ings measuring 270 inches, and your wheel run the same
amount of machinery that the Rich Wheel had driven, and
there was a difference in favor of yours of eight inches in
the depth of water in the tail race. I feel no hesitation in
recommending your wheel to all manufacturers and mill
owners, believing it Is the greatest wheel of the age. Wish
ing you success in the introducton of ro valuable an im
provement, 1 maiii/jvery respectfully, yonrs, Ac.
mh26-wly GEORGE SCHLEY.
IMPORTANT TO MANUFACTURERS.
Tlltt SUBSCRIBERS are prepared to supply all
kinds of
COTTON AND WOOLEN MACHINERY,
of a superior qur ,; ty, SHAFTING and MILL GEARING,
with improved Coupling and Pulleys, Self-Oiling Hangers
(which require oiling only once in three months); LOOMS,
of a great variety of Patterns, for Fancy and Twilled Goods,
from One to Eighteen Shuttles; also, for Plain Goods, capa
ble of running from 15u to 170 picks per minute.
They are enabled, from their extensive improvements, to.
produce YARNS and GOODS, with comparatively little
labor; and all Manufacturers, before purchasing their Ma
chinery, will do well to visit Philadelphia and vicinity,
where they can see the Machinery with all the latest im
provements, in full and successful operation ; or they can
be referred to Factories in almost every Stats South and
West, by addressing a line to the Subscribers.
ALFRED JENKS A SON,
Feb. 1802. fels-ly Bridesburg, near Philadelphia.
N. B. Factories, with the location of Machinery,
the simplest method of driving, and calculation of speed,
furnished free of charge. _ wly^
AUGUSTA^FRENCHBUBR MILL STONE MANU
FACTORY.
THE subscriber, thankful for the kind patronage heretofore
extended to the late firm of Schirmer A Wigaxd, would
respectfully inform his friends and the public, that he contin
ues to execute orders for his well known Warranted French
BURR MILL STONES, of every desirable size, at ths lowest
price and shortest notice. He also furnishes
ESOPCS and COLOGNE STONES,
SMUT MACHINES, of various patterns,
BOLTING CLOTHS, of the best brand,
CEMENT, for Mill use.
And every other artiete necessary in a Mill.
Also, for Planters, small GRIST MILLS to attach to Gia
Gears.
All orders promptly attended to.
WM. R. SCHIRMER,
jalS wtf Surviving partner of Schirmer A Wigand.
STRAYED,
FROM my residence in Hancock county, on /7V-*~ !
the lfith inst., eight miles north of Sparta, a y ’
Bay MARE, 9 or 10 years old, nicked tail, and some marks
of the Collar on the shoulders; also, a scare on, 1 think,
the right fore leg below the knee.
Also, at the same time strayed, a black Filly, three years
old this Spring, with I think one white hind foot, and a star
in the forehead. No other marks recollected.
mj2o-w4 WM. AMOSS.
~ NOTICE.
VLL PERSONS are hereby forewarned trading for
four Promissory NOTES, of Thirty Dollars each,dated
January 5,1852; signed by me. and made payable to Elias
W. Wiggins, and due the first day of January uext. as the
consideration for which said Notes were given is likely to
fail: hence, the purchaser will buy a law suit.
BENJAMIN AYER.
Cushingvil’e C. R. Road. Burke co., Ga. my2l-w8
;
VIA. PERSONS are fo»inrned against trading for a
certain Promissory NOTE, given by Mr. John A.
Houston, payable to myself, or bearer, for between Six and
Seven Hundred Dollars, which has been lost or mislaid, and
a new note given for the some.
The precise amount, as well as the date of the note, not
recollected, but believed to have been given between the
Ist January and the last of March 1552.
THOMAS McKIE.
Edgefield Diet., S. C„ May 14.1852. my 10-dIAwS
SALE AND REMOVAL.
THE UNDERSIGNED, in contemplation of an early
removal to Atlanta, .offers for sale, on liberal terms,
his HOUSE and LOT. at this place, conveniently situated
and well improved, with a commodious Two story Dwelling,
well finished, a brick Kitchen, a well of water unsurpassed,
all necessary out-buildings. TOJtf Acres Land attached, an
orchard well supplied with choice Fruits. Also, 174 Acres
of LAND. 1 h miles from the village, mostly in the woods,
and heavily timbered. GREENE B. HAYGOOD.
Watkins viile. May 5,1 $52. my9-w3
CONFECTIONARIES.
BY a. FREDERICK.
Pri(*> ot WheUtaU rtduceti to 15 cent* per Pound.
CANDIES, of my own manufacture, made of the belt
of Suyxr, I am now sefimg in boxes, containing 25,
50 and 100 pounds, assorted flavors, at 15 cents a pound for
“ sh - -ALSO-
Deals in Raisins, Figs, Prunes, Citron. Currants, Dates,
Almonds, and other Nuts; Oranges, Lemons, Pine Apples,
Bananas. Ac. ®
’ —SUNDRIES—
Preserves, Pickles, Fruits in Brandy,-Jellies, Sardines,
Lobsters, Salmon, London Porter, Champagne Wine. Lemon
Syrup, Cordials, Seyars, Ac. ip2l-d<itw2wAwlm
UHI CULTURAL I.MFIL- q. . ~
MEXTS.—The undersigned are
row receiving from the manufactur- g-i
er* at the North, and will keep con
stoutly on hand a large assortment of the best AGRICUL
TCRAL IMPLEMENTS to be had in N«w York or New
England, or this city, and adapted to Southern Husbandry,
which they will sell low for cash.
CARRICUAEL k BEAN,
Auguste, Georgia,
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, MAY 26, 1852.
I WEEKLY
CHRONICLE i SENTINEL
HgiMM.
MAT VERSES nr auen caunr.
Do you bear the wild bird’s calling—
Do you hear them, oh my heart ?
Do you see the blue air failing
From their rushing wings apart ?
With young mosses they are flocking,
For they hear tbe laughiug breose,
With dewy fingers rocking
Their cradles in the trees!
With nature's bosom holden,
’Till the wintry storms were dene,
Little violets, white and golden,
Now are leaning to the sun.
With its stars the box is florid.
And the wild-flower, sweet to view,
Hath uncovered its pale forehead
To the kisses of the dew.
While thousand blossoms tender,
As coquettishiy as they,
Are sunning their wild splendor
Xn tbe blue eyes of the May!
In the water softly dimpled—
Iu the flower-enameled sod—
How beautifully exampled
Is the providence of God!
From the insect’s little story
To the farthest star above,
Ail are waves of glory, glory,
, In the ocean of his love.
The Call to Pkayeh.— Among the many beauti
ful allusions to tho solemn and soothing sound of
the “ church-going bell,” as it rings out on the
clear morning air of the Sabbath, commond us to
the following quaint, yet surpassingly effective
hoinily, from the pen of the gifted Jerrold, the
well known author of “St.. Giles and St. James.”
There is something beautiful in the church bells.
Beautiful and hopeful. They talk to high and
low, rich and poor, in tho same voice; there is a
Bound in them that should scare pride and envy,
and meanness of all sorts from the heart of man ;
that should make him look on tho world with kind,
forgiving eyes; that should make the earth seem
to him, at least for n time, a holy place. Y es;
there is a whole sermon in tho very sound of the
church bells, if we only have the cars to under
stand it; there is a preacher in every belfry that
cries—“ Boor, weary, struggling, fighting creatures
—poor human tilings, take rest, bo quiet. Forgot
your vanities, your follies, your week-day craft.”
And you, ye human vessels, gilt and painted,
believe the iron tongue that tells ye that, for all
your gilding, all your colors, yc are the sam<r Ad
inn’s earth, with the beggars in vour gates. Come
away, come, cries the church bell, and learn to be
humble; learn thut, however daubed and stained
about, with jewels, you are butgrave clay! Come
Divea, come, and be’ taught that all your glory,
as you wear it, is not half so beautiful iu the
eye of heaaven, as the Bores of the uncomplain
ing Lazarus; and ye, poor creatures, livid and
faint—stained and crushed by the pride and hard
ships of the world—come, come, cries the bell,
with the voice of an angel—come and learn what
is laid up for ye. And learning, take heart, and
walk amidst the wickedness, the cruelties of the
world, calmly as Daniel walked among the lions.
Immorality. —ls we wholly perish with the body,
what an imposture is this whole system of laws,
mnnners and usages on which human society is
founded! If we wholly perish with the body,
these maxims of charity, patience, justice, honor,
gratitude and friendship, which sages have taught
and good men have practised, what are they but
empty words, possessing no real, binding efficacy t
Why should we heed them, if in this life only wc
have hope ? Speak not of duty. What can wo
owe to the dead, to the living, to ourselves, if all
are, or will be, nothing 1 Who sliull dictate our
duty, if not our own pleasures, if not own pas
sions? Speak not of morality. It is a mere chime
ra, a bugbear of human invention, if retribution
terminate with the grave.
If we must wholly perish, what to us aro the
sweet ties of kindred J what tho tender names of
parent, child, sister, brother, husband, wife or
friend ? The character of a drama are not more
illusive. We have no ancestors, no descendants —
since succession cannot he predicted of nothing
ness. Would we honor the illustrious dead? How
absurd to honor that which has no existence?
Would wc take thought for posterity ? How frivo
lous to concern ourselves torthoso whoso end,like
our own, must soon be annihilation ? Have we made
n promise ? How can it hind nothing to nothing ?
Perjury is but a jest. The last injunctions of the
dying—what sanctity have they, more than the
last sound of a chorct that is snapped of an instru
ment that is broken ?
To sum up all: If we must wholly perish, then
is obedience to the laws but an insensate servitude;
rulers and magistrates are but the phantoms which
popular imbecility has raised up; justice is but an
unwarrantable infringement upon the liberty of
men—an imposition, a usurpation: the law of
marriage is a vain scruple; modesty a prejudice;
honor and probity, such stuff as dreams arc made
of; and incests, murders, parracides, tho most
heartless cruelties, and the blackest crimes, are
but the legitimate sports of man’s irresponsible
nature; while the harsh epithets attached to them
are merely such as the polity of legislator has in
vented aiid imposed on the credulity of the peo
ple.
Here is the issue to which the vauntod philoso
phy of unbelievers must inevitably lead! Here is
that social felicity, that sway of reason, that eman
cipation of error, of which they eternally prate, as
the fruit of their doetrinos! Accept their maxims,
and the whole world fall* back into the most
frightful chaos; and all tho relations of life are
confounded ; and all ideas of vice and virture re
versed; and the most inviolable laws of society
vanish and all moral dcciplmo perishes; and the
government of states and nations has no longer
any cement to uphold it; and all the harmony of
the body politic becomes discord; and the human
race is no more than an assemblage of reckless
barbarians, sameless, remorseless, brutal, denatu
ralized, with no other cheek than passion, no other
bond than irreligion, no other God than self! Such
would be the world which impiety would be this
world, were n belief in God and immortality to die
out of tho human heart.— Massillon.
A Good Example. —For the past three years the
Messrs. Hoe & Co., the eminent printing press
manufacturers of New York, have maintained at
their own expense an evening school for the in
struction of their apprentices and employees, in
Mathematics, the Exact Sciences, Mechanical Draw
ing, the French and English Languages, Ac.—
Every one of their many apprentices is required to
give a punctual attendance at the school, which is
also opened to such adult members of tile estab
lishment as choose to attend. Two teachers,
Messrs. O’Gorman and Diak, arc regularly em
ployed, and Prof. Hyatt has just been engaged to
give a course of lectures on Experimental Philoso
phy, which arc now being delivcted, and will closo
tho winter term. They are attended by nearly all
the workmen, as well as all the apprentices. We
mention these facts because we consider them wor
thy of being imitated by other large employers of
laboring men. And while we have not the slight
est doubt that tho Messrs. Iloe A Co. established
this school without a thought ns to whether they
should gain or lose by it pecuniarily, wc cannot but
think that they reap an advantage in tho increased
intelligence of their workmen, and their increased
regard for the proprietors of the establishment,
which more than compensates for the considerable
outlay which this school involves.—A*. O. Pic.
TnREE Children Blown up bt Gunpowder.—
A dreadful accident recently occurred in Upper
Selkirk Township, Montgomery County, Pa., by
which three children were killed and another was
severely wounded.
It appears, says the Norristown Watchman, that
Mr. Seagrist had been to one of the neighboring
powder mills, with a load of empty kegs, where lie
purelmsed about four pounds of powder, which lie
took home with him. During the absence of him
self and wife, the children, by some means, got
possession of the powder, and while playing with
it near the stove, it ignited, killing a boy aged
about nine years almost instantly, and injuring two
others, aged about four and six years, so badly
that they died shortly after; a small child lying in
the cradle was also burnt so severely that it was
not expected to recover. A neighbor named Sor
ver, who was engaged in chopping wood close by,
hearing the explosion and seeing the smoke, ran
to the spot, when lie perceived two of the boys,
with their clothes entirely burned off, with the ex
ception of theirsuspenders and a small particle of
clothing around their waist*—ons of which was
running towards the barn, and the other lying in a
mud hole. Upon entering the house, he found
the other hoy lying dead upon the floor, and a lit
tle’chilcMying in the cradle crying—the clothes of
which were on fire. The little tiling wn burned
very severely, but at last accounts was still living,
though its sufferings were intense, and but little
prospect for its recovery. The two boys survived
tlieir brother but a short time, and the three were
hurried in the Kidge Valley burying ground, on.
Sunday last. This is one of the most horrible and
distressing accidents that has ever fallen to our
lot to record, as by one fell swoop, a whole family
of interesting children is destroyed, and a fond
father and affectionate mother left to meurn the
untimely end of their little ones.
The Black Maubran.— Mr. Walsh, in his Paris
letter of the 25th of March, to the New York
Journal of Commerce, gives an account of a musi
cal party at the house of a Legitimist lady of rank
and literary eminence, in which he says, “The cu
riosity—the phenomenon- —of the evening, was a
negress, styled in this capital tho Black Malibran.
She is from liaianaand acquired there the reputa
tion of a musical prodigy. She seems to be about
25 years old; her complexion the Sambo, Floren
tine bronze—woolly hair. Her charms were dis
plaved without tint: arms, neck and shoulders
bare; bust and arms beautifully turned; thick lips,
scarlet gums, white teeth, short stature. She
played tlie guitar beautifully aud gracefully, accom
pany ing herself in the Spanish lays—some comic—
which she executed with signal effect. If I had
shut my eyes, I might have fancied myself in Old
Virginia, listening to the good banjo and the pe
culiar mellow tones of the African sex. Her feet
were raised on a cushion, and as she struck—l
will not say, unjustly, thrummed—her fine guitar,
with her frame drawn up, some of the la
dies remarked that they might have imagined her
a Chimpanzee, brought from the Garden of Plants,
and dressed for the occasion. Her grimaces
excited as lively a sensation as her melodies.
Her toilette was a white silk, with two deep
flounces of superb costly lace, (cost perhaps fi\ #
hundred francs,) strikingly contrasted with the
color of her skin ; the corsage was cut low as pos
sible ; no sleeve, literally ; on her neck, a rich
string of pearls, fastened with a clasp of brilliants ;
earings and bracelets of gold and diamonds; a
quantity of bright artificial flowers on her head ;
white satin slippers, etc.
A Provident Couple.— A person writing from
San Francisco to the Newport News, gives the fol
lowing incident:
Two common looking persons entered the hotel
this morning, just from the mines—a man and
wife. The male individual looked for all the world
like a day-laborer, and the female bors a close re
semblance to an Irish scallion. She wore coarse,
Tulgar brogans, and to her girdle was attached a
gold watch and chain, valued at least at two hun
dred dollars. The husband left the hotel for half
an hour, and returned with a receipt for one hun
dred and fifteen thousand dollars, the value ot the
dust which he had just consigned for transporta
tion to New York. This sunThas been gained by
digging. The husband dug while the wife wash
ed, assisted by her little son, aged about ten years.
Unprecedented Despatch—Papers onlt 68
Hours from New York. — On Saturday night, at 9
o’clock, we had in our possession a file of New
York papers of Thnrsdav, the 6th inst., and which
were started from that place at 6 o’clock the even
ing of that date. They lay over in Cincinnati some
twelve hoars, and still*reached ns in the remarka
ble short time of 63 hour* from the time they left
New York. For them we are indebted to the
kindness of our esteemed friend T. B. Johnson,
Esq., mail agent on the Ben Franklin, who haa
just returned from e ehort businese trip to be
j East. This is bringing New York and Looiaville
; pretty cloee together, end before this year closes
' they will bt ttSl nearer.— Lovwnili Cbw,
The Missionary History of the Late Dr. Judsou.
Rev. William Hague, D. D., wa* invited to deliv
er before the American Baptist Union, in Tremont
Temple, Boston, their Anniversary Sermon, which
he accepted, choosing for his theme, the missiona
ry history of the late Rev. Dr. Judson. In com
pliance with a general desire, it was repeated in his
own, the South Baptist Church in this city ; and
from a report of it, we condense the principal
events in the Life of Dr. Judson, the poineer of
missions in India. He *hosc for his text, Acts xiii
36. —Xsicark Advertiser.
The year that has passed since we were last as
sembled lias been marked by two events to eaeh
of which belongs the dignity of an historical era.
One of these events is the completion of the half
century. While now, as from a “Mouut of Vis
ton,” we look back upon the scenes which it has
unfolded, we hail with joy new proofs of the
fulfilment of those promises which evoke the hres
of ancient prophets, aud catch new glimpses of a
profound plan for tho redemption of our. fallen
raoe, which the Almighty is urging forward to a
glorious consummation. Never b- within as
brief a period, has man acquired so great a power
over the elements of material nature—never be
fore have those great proofs which are the germs
of auspicious changes iu society and government
been so widely spread amongst civilized nations ;
and never before nas Christianity gained such sub
stantial conquests in those vast Eastern realms,
where the superstitions of Budah and Bramah,
havo brooded iqr so many centuries over the minds
ot beuighted millions. It was a law of ancient Is
rael, thut every 50th year should be hallowed us a
iubilee ; and surely, the Christian Israel has never
tad more fitting occasion than that which is fur
nished by the present tiuie, to lift up the song of
triumph aud hope. At the opening of this period,
clouds and darkness covered the firmament of Eu
rope ; the morul earthquake which convulsed
Franco to its centre, vibrated throughout Chris
tendom ; the old world was rocking on its founda-'
t!on, ami the wisest statesmen, philosophers and
philanthropists, despaired of tho fortunes of the
race. But amidst those scenes of portentous
gloom, the Scripture was verified which saitli,
“light is sown for the righteous j” the spirit of
missionary heroism was then kindled afresh as
with the breath of the Almighty; the churches of
Christ were then rallying for a concerted onset
against the powers of darkness in those lands
where their sway had been undisputed; the small
beginnings which were the jeer and mock of world
ly wisdom, have thriven iuto an enterprise which
has gained the homage of the world ; a deep pre
sentiment of defeat has struck tho heart of hea
thenism, and the Christians of Europe and Ameri
ca, call to each other in joyous songs which cele
brate tho spreading triumphs of the cross. Tiie
other event to which we have referred, is the death
of that distinguished leader of the missionary en
terprise, Adouiram Judson,whose eyes were closed
ou the scenes of earth on the 12th of April, 1850,
while on board tho French barque Marie Aristide,
and whose mortal remains were then committed
by friendly hands to an oeonn grave. The narra
tive of his career forms au important part of the
early history of the lath century, llis life and
fortunes wer'o identified with the rise and progress
of American Christian Missions. To him may be
applied the words of God respecting the Patriarch
Abraham “1 called him alone and blest and in
creased him.” As soon as ho had welcomed to
his heart the immortal hopes which Christianity
inspi.-j*, his desires were quickly ripened into a
heroic purpose, and haviug been blessed with ta)r
ents eminently practical, he immediately concert
ed measures for carrying that purpose into effect.
The prosecution of these measures was strictly car
ried forward through forty successive years, and
then “having served his generation bv the will of
God, he fell asleep," His works live after him. He
left a fragrant name, and his biography to us is a
princeless heritage. Eighteen centuries ago,when
the Apostle of the Gent les, having heard the im
ploring cry of the man of Macedon, “come and
bless us,” cmbarkedj'rom the shores of Troas, to
obey that call of Heaven ; if a I.ivy or a Virgil,
just arrived from the Court of Augustus, had
gazed on the vessel ys she spread her sails to cross
the Dardanelles, neither of them would have
seen anything worthy to bo commemorated
in history, or in song; though we who survey the
past, at n'glance can seo in that event, Christianity
passing over from Asia into Europe ; so doubtless
when our own Judsou left these shores on a mis
sionary errand, his embareation suggested nothing
to the worldly poet or historian, worthy of note;
but. to our retrospective view, it exhibits a glori
ous fact in human histoty—Christianity going forth
from her asylum in the new world, to react with
renovating energy on tho old. Yes! we see that
Christianity which has here turned tho wilderness
into a garden, looking back to tho continent
whence she sprang, and moving forth to “repair
the old wastes,” to cause the desolations of Asia to
rejoice in the bloom and freshness of a new spir
itual light from ou high.
Biographies of great mon may he divided into
two classes; the first embracing those who truly
represent the spirit of their age; tbe second, com
snsing only those who struggle for the triumph of
ruth against their age. To the first class belong
the biographers of such men as Peter the Hermit,
or St. Bernard, at whose beck nations rallied to
engage in crusading wars; tho biography of Na
poleon, the representative of material genius, and
the idol of millions; the life of Thomas Jefferson,
whose words and deeds embodied the prevailing
spirit of American democracy. In the second class
of biographers we may properly place that of John
Wickliffe, whose course on earth was a contest for
one glorious truth—the supremacy of God’s word
as the standard of' faith; —that of ’Luther and of
Melancthon, who struggled for tho groat doctrine
of justification by a living faith, instead of dead
ceremonies; —that of Roger William, whose com
monwealth embodied the clear conceptions of the
universal right of man to religious liberty as an es
sential element of Christianity. This latter class
of men do not represent the spirit of their age, or
the opinions of a people: they are prophets of the
future ; they represent ideas , which, struggling for
mastery, become the property of succeeding times.
They identify their fortunes with the success of a
principle ; they enshrine in their hearts some great
truths unwelcome to their generation, and feel
themselves impelled to go forth as its heralds, to
conquer as its champions, or die as its martyrs.
Among th* latter class of men, as far as the ele
ments of his characterwere concerned, was Adonir
am Judson. On his future course lie had meditat
ed deeply. To him the written mandato was a
call from Heaven, and his answer to it wns aa de
vout and prompt as was that of the converted soul
to the voice which addressed him from tho skies.
No Angel’s message, no vision of the night, no
new revelation was needed te mark out his course,
tho wants of humanity moved his sympathies; it
was enough for him to know that he was treading
in the footsteps of inspired apostles, and walking
in the light that beamed from the oracles of God.
Desirous as wc arc at this time to commemorate the
services of eur departed missionary; to treasure
up in our hearts the spirit of his great example, it
shall be our aim, as far ns we may be able, to con
template the prominent features of his history,
and the character which it developed. Adouiram
Judson was horn at Malden, in the neighborhood
of Boston, August S, 1788. He was the son of u
congregational clergyman, and was favored, of 1
course, in the days of his boyhood, with the means
of religious knowledge. His early youth, however,
furnished no evidences of true pieiy; so far from
this, when he graduated at Brown university in
the year 1807, he was not a believer in Christianity,
if not an avowed Deist, ho was skeptical as to tho
reality of Divine revelation. The first impulse of
his mind toward a better state, appears to have
sprung from a calm conviction of the folly of sus
£ense in relation to a sub jeet so momentous to him.
ingeriug in Boston one day, lie took from tho
shelf of a private library, a volume which at that
time was a favorite household book among Chris
tian readers. It was “Boston’s Fourfold State.”
It was perused by young J udson with profound at
tention, and from it he derived new views of sin,
and of redemption. His spiritual nature was now
agitated to its very depths, and in thisstateof mind,
without having obtained the mental peace which
he craved, he sought, and obtained admission to
the Theological Seminary at Andover; whereaf
ter a short period, the doctrines of the gospel were
disclosed to his view in all their Divine simplicity,
and the gloom of skepticism gave place to an intel
ligent aud joyous faith.
Another book that now came in his way, wa»
destined to exert a mighty influence upon his char
acter. The celebrated sermon of Dr. Buchanan,
entitled “The Star in the East," kindled the spark i
of Dr. Judson’s missionary zeal into a flame, in
tense, and unquenchable. It imparted to his deep
»nd indefinite longings, a practical aim, and seemed
like a voice from God, summoning him to bis field
of action. Disclosing his sentiments toothers, he
found in Samuel J. Mills, Samuel Xott and Samuel
Newell, congenial spirits whom the head of the
Church was preparing for tho same exalted desti
tination. At that time, there was not an associa
tion on the continent of America to which these
young men could look with the assurance of coun
sel or support. Some efforts had been made for
the evangelization of the Pagan nations, in their
immediate vicinity; but there had been no attempt
to penetrate the vast realm of heathenism on the
old-continent. No wonder then, that Mr. Judson
turned his eyes across the Atlantic to seek sympa
thy aud help. After a correspondence with the
London Missionary Society, in which encourage
ment was held out" to him, he addressed a memo
rial in behalf of himself and his youthfjl cogjutors
to the Massachusetts Association at Bradford, in
June, 1810; the result of which was, the formation
of the American Board of Commissioners for For
eign Missions; under whose auspices he sailed for
England in the year 1811, in order to arrange a
plan of cooperation between the two Societies. 'He
was captured by a French privateer, imprisoned
at Bayonne, and released on parole, and received
a passport from Napoleon, and proceeded to Lon
don for th* prosecution of his errand. The Lon
don Society refused concert of action, at which,
perhaps, we have reason for rejoicing, for from
that day of weak beginnings, and of doubtful ex
istence, it has put forth an influence which now
encircles the globe like a zone of light, and has
gathered a moral strength by which it ahall outlast
the greatest of earthly Empires, On his return
home, the Society here, concluded to ocstow ap
pointments to Burmnh on Messrs. Judson, Newell,
Xott and Cordon Hall; aud here our thoughts na
turally revert to her, whose name will ever awaken
the most refined and elevated conceptions ofa true
womanly «haracter, and of a sublime inoral heroism.
It'was at this time that Ann Ha-seltine identified
her earthly fortune with those of the first Ameri
can Missionary; and her own footsteps marked
that pathway through au untrodden field ot enter
prise, in which a noble of her country
women have since followed. Jn abandoning the
sweet associations of a New England home, which
domestic affection*, intellectual culture and refined
society had invested with more than an ordinary
charm, in order to canyjthe blessing* of the gospel
to distant land, to a sickly clime and a depraved
nation ot idolaters, ahe did not follow at the beck
of any high example, nor enjoy a gleam of light
from any borrowed precedent.’ One of tbe finest
tributes’which was ever paid to American female
character, was drawn forth from an eminent En
glish Prelate, the Bishop of Calcutta, who has at
tested his high estimation of their virtues, their
accomplishments, their piety, and of th* mighty
influence which theyare exer.ingonthe moral des
tinies of Asia. At the head of that order, wreath
ed with unfading honors, will stand the name of
Ann Hasseltlue Judson. Soon after his appoint
ment, Mr. Judson was married at Bradford on the
sth of February, 1812; on the 15th he was ordained
at the Tabernacle Church at Salem, and in com
pany with hi* wife and Mr. and Mr». Newell, he
embarked at that port in the brig Caravan, under
the command of the generous hearted Capt. Heard,
on the 16th of the same month.
It was daring this voyage, that amidst much
devout study, and many prayers, the remarkable
change in Mr. Judson’s opinion as to the consti
tution of the Christian Church, which brought him
into immediate connection with the Baptists of
this country. They arrived at Calcutta on the 18th ;
of June, and accepted the hospitalities of the Mis- j
sionaries at Serampore; but they were suddenly
embarrassed by receiving from tire local govern- ,
inent an order directing their immediate return to
the U. S. The English East India Company, who j
had received their charter of incorporation from 1
Queen Elizabeth on the last day of the 16th century,
having acquired a vast territorial influence, was
now holding in its hand the political destinies of
India, and waa jealous of the humblest effort to dif
fuse Christianity among the native population. In
these trying circumstance*, the Missionaries peti
tioned Ui* government to mod iff it* order *0 mto
allow them to go to the Isle of France, called by
its older Dutch name, the Mauritius, au Island of
about circular form in tO* Indian sea, about 50
miles in diameter, and inhabited chiefli by the
descendants of ancient French families. Here, al
though urged to make it a permanent residence,
and receiving from the Governor assurance that he
would befriend aud patronize the Mission, yet they
could not regard it as a field suiteJ to their wish
es. With these views, Mr. and Mrs. Judson left
the island, with tender recollections of it as the
burial place of Harriet Newell, who fell a victim
to the hardships of her voyage thither, in the very
prime and bloom of her life, and arived at Madras;
but fearing the order for their return to America
would be renewed, they fled from it iu haste, and
took passage in an old, uns*aworthy vessel bound
to Rangoon, and after 22 days pleasant voyage they
arrived at this, the chief port of the Barman Em
pire,—thus, in a mysterious manner, were they
led to their original destination. The Mission
aries having now taken their position beyond the
bounds of British Ind.a, tbov breathed more
freely; they enjoyed th* fcvoro’fthe Viceroy, and
devoted their whole energies to the acquisition of
the Barman and Pali languages. Three years after
its establishment, the Mission was reinforced by
tbearrival of Mr. Hough carrying with him a
printing press, a present from Dr. Carey and others
at Seram pore. Renovating and brightening hopes
now prevailed, which was aidod bv a spirit of en
quiry around them. Even the Emperor had been
heard to ask for light respecting the new religion.
Early in the year 1817,’ Mr. Judson first heard
from the lips of an intelligent aud resectable Bur
man, the acknowledgement of an eternal God.—
This first gleam of an intellectual conviction, touch
ing the great error of Boodhism, he welcomed as
the harbinger of that fit!] effulgence of light whieh
was to irradiate the tiOtemcnt of Burmah. The
19th of April 1819, memoriableln the
Mission. On that day a Zayat was opened for
preaching, and worship; and two months after
wards an assembly met to witness tho reception of
the first Burmalyonvcrt into a Christian Church.
Moung Naw, a Inn 35 years of age, renounced
Boodhism, made a satisfactory confession, of his
faith in Christ, then left the Zayat with the com
pany to u small lake, on whose banks stood an im
mense image of Gandawa, and their received bap
tism. On the following Sabbath, the 4th of July,
this first Burmau disciple received the Lord’s Sup
per. The succeeding portion of Dr. Judson’s
history is crowded with stirring incidents of per
ils and c 1 capes, lueh as are fit materials for an cpio
poem. In the beginning oflß2o, he, with a com
panion, determined to pay a visit to tbe Imperial
Court of Ava, in the hope that a Iriendly visit to
the Emperor might incline him to favor the new
religion. Accordingly they performed a tedious
journey up the Irrawaddy with the utmost cheer
fulness. But their visit to Avu proved an entire
failure,—the Emperor dashed to tli* ground with
deep disdain the printed leaf whieh proclaimed an
Eternal God, and refused to rewive their presents.
The following year, a Christian physician [and
his lady from New Jersey, Dr. Jonathan Price,
joined the mission. He visited Ava. and, in his
professional character, was favorably received by
the Emperor. For many years the British power
in Hindoostan had been inuking a constant pro
gress amidst the storms of war, and now it wns
determined to establish itself in China-India.
When it b*eamebvident that the Burman Empe
'ror was making preparations to invade Beugal.it
was resolved to anticipate the blow ; and an army
of lo,ooo men, under the command of Sir. Archi
bald Campbell, attacked and seized Rangoon.—
Messrs. Hough aud Wade were imprisoned, under
armed keepers, who had been charged to massa
cre them them as soon as the first shot should be
fired. But, instead of the calamity, the first shot
croatcd a panic so intense that the keepers fled,
and the lives of the prisoners were saved. Du
ring the two years of Dr. Judson’s residence at
Avu, the most revolting scenes were disclosed.—
Every form of evil which the most lively imagina
tion could suggest, except death itself, was realiz
ed by him and his companions in sorrow. Loath
some prisons, chains, tortures, barbarous insults,
the separation of husband and wife, the confisca
tion of goods, exhausting sickness uud bloody
tracks of lacerated feet over burning sands, were
the lending features that markad the picture of
Missionary life in Burmah. A tribute of honor is
due to ir Arohibald Campbell for his geueroiiß
treatment of our missionaries at the close of the
war. In the treaty of peace which followed, lie
demanded their surrender at the hands of th* Eur
inan Emperor; who, huving become sensible of
the value of Dr. Judson’s *orvie*s as a translator
and interpreter, had expressed an intention of re
taining him. Tho English general not only welcom
ed him to the hospitalities of his camp and table,
but presented him with an eligible site of hind for
a missionary station, at Ambcnst, the chosen s*at of
the English government iu Burmah; and after
wards, when Mrs. Judson died and was buried
there, he expresed his sense of her extraordinary
worth, and liis sympathy with her bereaved hus
band, in terms that reflect more honoron his char
acter, tlinn all the victories acquired by his arms.
After tho restoration of peace, Dr. Price return
ed to Ava ; was favorably received as a physician
and also became tho tutor of several youths b twang
ing to the royal and noble families. Ilis hopes
were sanguine as to future usefulness; hut, in tho
year 1828, ho died of pulmonary consumption.
Eight years aftor lie had buried his wife of his
youth, Dr. Judson became united in marriage to
Mrs. Sarah Boardinan, widow of the Rev. George
Dana Boardinan, who had fallen, a few years be
fore, whilo in tho prime of manhood, and in tile
midst of liis usefulness. This union was, in all
respects a happy one. But during the period of
her greatest usefulness, in the year 1845, Mrs. Jud
son’s health became impaired, and a voyage be
yond the tropics was recommended by her physi
cians, and after a painful deliberation, her h’ns
baud resolved to accompany her to her native
land. They had not been long at sea before every
hope of her recovery was blasted and he recoiled
from the prospect before him—of committing her
remains to an ocean grave. But he was spared
that trial. Mrs. Judson died while tho vessel wns
lying at the Isle of St. Helena, where a largo circle
of Christian friends followed her to her tomb.—
I)r. Judson arrived in Beston on the 15th of Octo
ber 1845, and wns there, as well as everywhere he
went, received with a thrill of joy, and welcomed
as th* veteran warrior, returned from the field of
his conflicts, nothing, however, hero could wean
his affections from the churches ol'Bui mail, and he
soon became impatient to return. Before, however,
while sojeuming in Philadelphia, he became famil
iarly impressed with the cliaracter of that excellent
lddy, whose graceful pen he wished to employ in
writing a memoir of his lately deceased wifo ; and
the result was a proposal of marriage, wliioh on her
part was considerately accepted, and which as the
course of events has shown, received th* approba
tion of Heaven. After Dr. Judsou'sretnrn to Bur
mah, he returned the labors whieh had been in
terrupted by his absence, and jiursued them during
the thre* following years, until his health became
entirely broken down. A change of climate was
necessary, and lie resolved to embark for the Is- 1
land of Bourbon. It was impracticable for Mrs. 1
Judson to accompany him, and to her the pang of
of parting was rendered especially painful by the
fear that ho would never return. Soon after the
vessel had set sail, there was a relief from pain, and
a slight resuscitation, whieh gavo him a faint gleam
of the prospect of recovery. But this was only like
a calm, in which, sometimes, the devastating storm
seems to have been gathering its energies. Rack
ing puins followed, and were continued through
out a nerioil of more than forty hours, replete with
mortal pangs It was followed by n placid calm, in
which, without a aign ofsulfering heexpired. Tho
manner of his death was in keeping with the su
blime spirit and atyle of his life, and sheds a lus
tre over the retrospect of his wholo career—just
as the sotting sun flings back his splendors over
the eastern sky, gilding every oloud and mountain
height of the broad landscape, with a mild celestial
glory.
The Harmony of Colors in Dress. —Dressing is
an art, and few persons study it iu relation that their
taste in colors and forms being more the result of
fancy and caprice, than founded upon any princi
ple of harmony or beauty. Much attention is be
ing bestowed upon the subject of harmony of col
ors in the London Art Journal, by Mrs. Merryfisid.
a lady whose artistic taste is eminently displayed
in her commnniwttions. As the success of many
industrial pursuits is dependent upon tho obser
vance of the laws regulating the contrasts of col
ors, it may not be unprofitable to some of our
readers to refer to the rules she lays down as indis
pensable to beauty and harmony. The optical ef
fect of dark and black dresses is to make the fi
gures appear smaller hence it is a suitable color for
stout persons ; blaok shoes diminish the apparent
size or the feet. On the contrary white and light col
ored dresses make persons appear larger. luirge
pa terns make the figure look shorter, longitudinal
stripes, if not too wide add to the height of the fi
gure, horizontal stripes have a contrary effect and
are very ungraceful. Incongruity may be fre
quently observed in the adoption of colors without
reference to tlioir accordance with the complexion
of the wearer as alight blue bonnet and flowers
surrounding a sallow countenance, or a pink op
posed to one of a glowing red ; a pale complexion
associated with a canifry or lemon yellow, or one
of delicate red aud white rendered almost colorless
by the vicinity of deep red.
It the lady with the sallow complexion had worn
a transparent white bonnet; or if the lady with
the glowing re<© complexion had lowered it by
means of a bonnet of deeper red color ; if the pale
lady had improved theeadevorons hue of her coun
tenance by surrounding it with pale green, which,
by contrast, would havo suffused it with a delicate
pink hue ; or had the face of delicate red and
white been arrayed in a light blue, or light greeß,
or in a transparent white bonnet with blue or pink
flower* on the inside—how different, and now
much more agreeable, would have been the impres
sion on the spectator! In general the broken and
semi-neutral colors aro productive of an excellent
effect in dress. They may be enlivened by a little
positive color, but the contrasting color should
bear but a small proportion to the mass of principal
color.
A tine bonnet and dress may be contrasted with
an orange colored shawl, but the blue to balance
the orange must be of a very deep tone; apin'- bon
net may be worn with a green dress, but the hue
of each should be carefully assorted according to
their exact contract. Colored shawls are instances
in which a great variety of colors may be arranged
with harmonious and rich effect. It is always ne
cessary that if one part of the dress be highly orna
mented or consist of various colors, a portion
should be plain, to give repose to the eye. The
French manufacturers pay great attention to this
subject, and the good effects ofthia study ere visi
ble in the textile fabrics which they produce and
which are so highly valued.
Statistic* of Mass AcnrsETis.—We learn from the
Boston Advertiser that the population ofMassaclm
setts, as shown by the census #f 1820, was 523,237,
the increase in the proceeding ten years haviug
been 51.247, or a littie over ten per cent. The in
crease in thirty years from the above date to 1820,
was 470,984, or about 90 per cent, which isequal to
about 24 per cent in each ten years. There were in
1820 no incorporated cities in the State. Ten towns
then existing, with one town founded about that
time, and incorporated as a* town in 1828, have
since been organized with the forms of city go
vernment. Each of these cities has a population
exceeding 12,000, though two of them at the date
of the census of 1850 had less. All these cities,
with two exceptions, have within this period, in
creased in their population much more rapidly than
the State at large. This has arisen from the’ great
increase of manufacturing operations whieh have
concentrated in or near the principal towns.
' Great Aoe.—A letter from the Rev. Lewis P.av
mond dated Chieago. April sth savs ;—“You have
probably noticed the death of Mr. David Kenniaon
the last survivor of the ‘Eeston tea party.’ He
died on the 24th of February, and was buried on
the 25th) with militazy honors. His age was one
hundred and sixteen years, three months, and
seven days. By his own request, the writer of this
preached his funeral discourse. He was a good
man, and had been a professor of religion for sev
enty years.
The New York Times savs—
The Erie Railroad did a traffic of |320,822 in
April, an excess of 820,000 over the estimate in
the ,ast annual report. This, considering that
Dunkirk Harbor was ice-bound more than half the
month, is regarded in the street as quite satisfac
tory.
A Connecticut editor, in dntming his subscri
bers says he hssrrtponsilAliUes thrown upon him
which h* ia obliged to meat,
ITEMS.
Wj present our readers with anotlior sweet and
beautiful poem from that rich casket of gems,
Alice Caret’s “ Lyra." Its plain melan
choly tenderness is like the sad wailing of autumn
winds as they toss the dead leaves to aud fro in
some forest old and sere:
OCTOBER.
BT ALICE CARBT.
Nor the light of the long blue Suminor,
Nor the flowery huntress Spring,
Nor the chilly and moaning Winter,
Both peace to my bosom bring,
Like the hazy and red October,
When tlie woods stand bare and brown,
And into tbe lap of the south land,
The flowers ure flowing down;
When all night long, in the moonlight,
The boughs of the roof-tree chafe,
And the wind, like a wandering poet.
Is singing a mournful waif;
And all day through the cloud-armies.
The sumbeams eoquettishly rove—
For then in my path first unfolded
The sweet passion-flower of lore.
With bosom as pale as the sea-ahell,
And soft as the flax unspun.
And looks hke the nut bruwn shadows,
In the light of the sunken sun,
Came the maid whose wonderful beauty
Enchanted my soul from pain,
And gladdened my heart, that can never,
No, never be happy again.
Far away from 'life's pain and passion,
And our Eden of love, site went,
Like a pale star fading softly,
Irom the morning's golden tent.
But oft, when the bosom of Autumn,
Is warm with the summer beams,
We meet in the pallid shadows
That border the land of dreams.
For seeing my woe through the splendor,
That hovers about her above,
She puts from her forehead the glory,
And listens again to my love.
A letter has been received iu Boston from the
ooopor of the Bhip George Howland, soized by the
convicts at Charles Island, whioh states that the
men of the Swedish man-of-war who took charge
of the ship, stole and destroyed about as much as
tho Spaniards. Tho ship is uninjured, and pro
bably $3,000 will pay all damages.
A Wise Man from Somewhere. —A petition has
been presented to tho General Cenfereno* of tho
M. E. Church, praying that the Conference will re
quire all tho editors of tho Mothodist papers to con
form to Bible orthography, and not to that of Noah
Webster.
The mangers of the New 'England Art Union,
which was organized in Boston last year, are said
to have unanimously resolved that in consequence
of the present state of publio opinion iu relation
to Art Unions, it is expedient to bring the affairs
of tho Institution to a close.
Rurxs Greene, who was recently convictod in
Mobile for forgery, and sentenced to tho poniten
tiary, attempted to cut his throat while on his way
tip the river to the penitentiary, in charge of the
deputy sheriff of Mobile. He was prevented from
so doing, but the extent of his injuries has not been
stated.
There is a tailor in Boston, whose nose is so red,
that lie can sow tho finost work in the darkest
night with no other light than that afforded him
by his flaming proboscis. His head ia quite bald
from the cffoct of carrying “bricks” in his hat.
The total value of tho foreign exports from Bal
timore tor the week ending on Thursday waa
$116,668.48. Tho foreign export of breadstuff* for
the week comprises 13,367 bbls. of flour, 2,145 bbls.
of com meal, 1700 bushels of corn, and 318 bbls.
rye flour.
Sir Edmund Head and family have taken tlicir
departure for Halifax, en route for Europe.
The widow of the late J. Q. Adams, died in
Washington on Saturday lost.
William S. Derrick, Chief Clerk in tho State De
partment, died in Washington on Saturday last.
The pusßenger traffic by rail, in Great Britain
annually exceeds four times in number the whole
population. Tito speed is three timos as great as
formerly, on tho averago, and the fare is one-tliird
less.
A new cask manufacturing machine is in opera
tion in England. A laborer, by its means, is able
to turn off 3,500 staves a day, infallibly correct in
form and curve.
The first English Railway act was passed in 1801.
From the 18th of February to tho 4th of April,
in England, there were only seven moist days.
Ole Bull had an immense audience at his Con
cert at Philadelphia on Friday night—hundreds
were’ unable to gain a admittance.
A Fat Office.— Sheriff Carnley’s offleo of tho
city and county of New York, is aaid to bo worth
from 75,000 to SIOO,OOO per annum!
Tho commonest kind of laborers in Australia
now receive S4O a week, mid it is said that there is
employment for hundreds of thousand* for years
to come.
In consequence of the frosts of April 20, holders
of brandy at Rochelle havo advanced tho pricos
from 15 to 20 per cent.
A Literalist or a Joker. —We ace a paragraph
going the rounds that the Bishop of Oxford, hav
ing sent round to the church Wardens in his dio
cese a circular of inquiries, among whieh was:
“Does your officiating clergyman preach the
gospel, and is his conversation and carriage con
sistent therewith S”
The churohmen near Wallingford Teplied —“He
preaches the gospel, but he does not keep a car
riage.”
A Deacon, not remarkablo for good eyesight,
once in giving out a psalm for the congregation to
sing, when he came to the lines—
“ The eastern sages shall c*me In
With messengers of grace,”
put the audience in a roar of laughter, by reading
out in a loud voice—
“ The eastern stages shall come im
With sausages and cheese.”
The newspapers are all full of advertisements
for plain csoks —w* suppose pretty cools havo no
occasion to advertise at all!
The young lady who aaw a baby without kissing
it, has acknowledged that her friend’s bonnet was
handsomer than her own.
It is stated that, so disastrous has been the com
inercial business of the merchants of Liverpool,
during the past year, their losses during the time,
are estimated at thirty-five millions of dollars.
The Duke of Wellington is eighty-three yegrs
old, enjoying excellent health, large honors, and
plenty of money.
Tits Human Soul.—The Rev. Theodore Clapp,
of New Orleans, thus conclude* on* of hia elo
quent sermons:
When I think on the sublime nature of the hu
man soul, the eternal duration of memory and
consciousness; the severity and usefulness of that
law of retribution, whieh will aft'ect our destinies
forever, I cannot but exclaim in the language of
the poet—
*' Row much is to be done ! My hopes and fear*
Start up alarmed ; and o'er life’s narrow verge,
Look down—on what ? A fathomless at/ss,
A dread eternity, how surely mine !
Seize then the present moments,
For be assured that they are all messengers;
They post to heaven, and there record thy folly.
Because, though stationed on the important wateh,
Thou like a sleeping, faithless sentinel,
Didst let them pass, unnoticed, unimproved.
And know, for that thou slumberest on the guard,
Thou shalt be made to answer at the bar,
For every fugitive,”
“ Let us, then, stop the present hour,
Imprint the marie of wisdom on its wings,
Oh ! let it not elude our grasp.”
And thon it will bear upwards to heaven the
cheering record of our fidelity to conscience, to
truth, te honor, to God, to Jesus, and to the life
immortal.
Etiquette. — l. Before you bow to a lady in the
street, permit her to decide whether you may do so
or not, by at least a look of recognition.
2. “Excuse my glove” is an unnecessary apolo
gy , for the glove should not be withdrawn to
shake hands.
3. When your companion bows to a lady, you
should do so also. [When a gentleman bows to a
lady in your company, always bow to him in re
turn.]
Females on Fire. —Almost all the persons burn
ed to death by their clothes taken fire are females.
The reason of this is the inflammable nature of
their garment. There is a very simple modo of
preventing a fatal result when a woman a clothes
are on fire which is to lie down close to tho
and roll over once or twice. If any one doubts the
effißeney of the remedy, let them take a atrip of
cotton cloth, and hold it witli one end downwards
set fire to the lower end and see how quickly it
will be consumed: then let them light another
strip and throw it upon the floor and they will see
that it burns very slowly and soon goes out. This
remedv ought to*be impressed upon the mind of
ever* woman, and ought to be taught by every
mother to her daughters, aa soon as they are able
to learn anything. —Yankee JSlade.
Tn* Steamer Fanny Seized.— The steamer
Fanny, as we have heretofore stated, bound from
New Orleans for San Francisco via Rio de Janeiro,
with 850 passengers, put into this port Saturday
laat for coal and provisions. It appearing that sh*
had a greater number of passengers than is allow
ed by the laws of the United States, she ha* been
*eized by direction of the U. S. District Attorney,
Henry Williams, Esq., and will be libelled for
forfeiture.
This is a particularly hard case on the passengers.
They had paid their passage money in New Orleans
to the owners of the Fanny, to the amount of
sixty to seventy thousand dollars. The steamer is
an old craft, not worth more than ten or twelve
thousand dollars, and the owners can very well
afford, with $60,000 or more in their pockets, to
have her forfeited. The passenger* are left to
whistle for their money. Os course the District
Attorney did right to proceed against her. The
greatc-t wonder is, not that she had 850 passen
gers, but that she had any.— Sar. Republican.
The Governor has appointed the non. Marshal
J. Wellborn, of Columbus, and Hon. Asburv Hull,
of Athens, under a resolution of the General
Assembly, to “attend a meeting of Delegates from
tbe thirteen original States of tbe Union to be
held in the City of Philadelphia, on the fourth
dav of July next, to take into consideration, and
deliberate upon a plan for carrying into effect the
Resolutions of the select and common councils of
Philadelphia, relative to the consecration of Inde
pendence Hall, and the erection of monument* in
the groves near the place and spot where the Decla
ration of Independence was framed and signed.”—
Southern Recorder.
Parson Brownlow says he once published a large
edition of a bound volume, in which be gave an
extraordinary eulogistic sketch of the life and po
litical services of James C. Jones, Jones himself
furnishing the alleged facta by letter.
The Ohio Women’* Right* Conventio* will nNt
Jn Maatiilion on th* 26th of May,
VOL. LXVI.-NEW SERIES VOL. XYI.-NO. 21.
Sound Northern Sentiments.— The New York
Express , whieh with the Journal of Commerce has
stood up manfully for tho compromise aud tho
Ui ion during all the late excitement 011 the slave
ry question, thus puts an extinguisher on the hopes
of (jon. Scott and Mr. Seward:
“ It is given out, we see, in a vory well Informed
quarter, that it is now settled that Gen. Seott shall
keep mum, and if this bo so, we have no hesita
tion in saying, he can carry against a well known
Compromise candidate, but one State of this Union
for tho Presidency, and that is Vermont. It will
be as big a boat as Mr. Van Burou had in 1848,
plus Vermont.
The idea prevails in sonic of the agricultural
parts of tho country, that tho trouble is with the
Southern Whigs alone in their Compromise Mea
sures, and that iftlio North ia left untrammelled,
the North can carry all before it. Never was there
a greater mistake save that committed by the Van
Burous iu 1848. No sectional candidate l'or the
Presidoney onn begiu to live even, fairly as a can
didate oven in the North. A large majority of tho
Northern people—if not oftho \\ bigs—ana u ma
jority of them we think, we may say, desire a
truce, a peace with their Southern countrymen,
and will shrink back with atl'right from any section
al candidate for the Presidency. There is a deter
mination to havo an end of tho ora of the negro,
aud tho re-establishment once more of tho era of
tho white man. The fugitive slave fire brand can
not be loftopen for the Abolitionists to fan or blow.
Gen. Soott cauuot be represented one way in Au
burn and Syracuse, and another wav in tho great
commercial andmanafacturing mart’s even of tho
Northern country. Wo cannot ho denounced
hero as slave oatcfiers in tho Atlantic cities, aud
vote for ntou, who thus denounce us at Auburn or
olsowhcre. There is, therefore, just asgroat a dif
ficulty hero ill the North, as in tho South. Wo
might beg tho mechanics of this part of tho State,
and tho morehantsof this and the surrouiidingeoun
try for mouths to come vote for Gen. Seolt—run
ning thus doublo-tongued,—but we could not per
suade them—wo could not induce them to do it.
Tho mai ufacturcrs abovo all, want peace between
the different sections of this country. They are
looking for tho restoration of peace in order to have
a restoration of specific, instead of ad valorem du
ties, —and thoy will, as a body, have but little to
do with a Northern Sectional Candidate. Wo re
peat then, that it is our deliberate, sober convic
tion, that if Gen. Scott be run blind—us tho sche
mers in Washington now intend to have him run
—Vermont will be tho only electoral vote he will
have for tho Presidency. 'Wc do not say this in u
spirit of threat—for we have ourselves great confi
dence in tho principles of Gen. Scott, and have
reason to know that he, himself, is a friend of the
Compromise Bills, —but wo cannot persuado our
people, that running him North, to repeal the Fu
gitive Slave Law, and running him South against
that repeal, will not again bring into Congress just
such consequencos as those of 1850, whioh for
weeks could not chooso a speaker even, and whose
sittings at last became so alarming, as to jeopard the
penoo and tho very existence of tho Union.
Tiik Neoro Race.— Bayard Taylor, writing from
Nubia, in Upper Egypt, says:
“Those friends of tho African race, who point to
Egypt as a proof of what thut race has accomplished,
are wholly mistaken. The only Negro features
represented in Egyptian sculpture are those of
slaves and captives taken in the Ethiopian wars
of the Pharoahs. The temples and pyramids
throughout Nubia as far ns the Darfur and Abys
sinia, allbenrthe hiorogylphs of the monarchs, and
there is no evidence in all tho valley of the Nile
that the negro raeo ever attained a higher degree
of civilization than is at present exhibited in Con
go and Ashantee. I mention this, not from any
feeling hostile to that race, but simply to contro
vert an opinion very prevalent in some parts of
the United States.”
The Iron Steam, Propeller Great Britain, —
the largest steam ship afloat—arrived at New York
on Friday morning with about 160 passengers.
She loft Liverpool the Ist inst., under command
of Capt. Matthews.
She made the passage in thirteen days and 5X
hours, having left in company with the Canada,
which arrived early Thursday morning at Boston.
This steamer, it will be remembered,-was strand
ed 011 Dundrum Sands, Const of Ireland, five op six
years ngo, soon after leaving Liverpool for New
York undercommand of Capt. lloskcn. Important
alterations and improvements were mado in refit
ting lior, which were expeetod to accelerate her
speed, before considerable, aud increase her ac
commodations for passengers.
Hyde Park by an American Lady.—The New
York Journal of Commerce occasionally publishes
letters from a young American lady in London to
her friend on this side of the water, whieh are mod
els of oorrect appreciation and elegant description,
enriched with graceful touches ol feminine feeling
that give to their perusal a zest beyond what is
ordinarily excited by a eorressoudenee of tho kind.
The following extract shows that tho writer sees
the dark as well as tho bright Bide of London out
door life: , ,
“Far away to the Westward of tho vast and crowd
ed metropolis, stretch the three hundred and fifty
acres of open ground, known us Hyde Park, beau
tifully diversified with grassy hillocks, clover
grown knolls, and tiny moss-lined valleys. Through
it flow the clear water of the Serpentine, reflecting
flowry banks, and the leafy branches of tall trees,
that rook the nests of summer birds, whose thrill
ing melodies the very beggars are rich enough to
bU <jh Bel 11 nover saw any thing half so perfect as
this lovely picture of the country, spread out in the
very heart of a great city, to refresh with equal ben
efit care-worn inhabitants of narrow thickly crowd
ed alleys, and the sieklier cheeks of the more
crowded drawing-room occupants. It gives a
charming feature to a city landscape, especially 111
the e\e of ono who comes from a land where tho
feverish eagerness to turn every thing into gold is
always drowning the voice of nature in the noisy
din of business—where trees are only beautiful for
the cords of wood they will make, and pleasure
grounds aro eye-sores because they “might have
been sold for three hundred pence, and turned to
mechanical uses i _ . .
You should see Hyde Park of a Sunday, Bel, to
get an ifiea of London’s population mid London s
wealth. You would think it were some gala day,
as your eye wandered over the motley throng of
showily dressed people, who are sure then to fill
this favorite resort. It seems liko a triumphal
procession—the long Hue ot stylish looking equi
pages that extends from 0110 end to tho other of
those immense grounds. There are majestic cav
aliers, besides splendid carriages filled with beau
tiful women in costly robes decorated with golden
crests —and drawn by superb horses guided by
coachman in powdered wigs und gay liveries. The
footpaths, too, were thronged with people from
a humbler walk of life, people in their holiday
dresses, aud their holiday smiles. 'The effect
is so imposing, that if you were to see only the
kaleidoscopo view of life that ono gets in llyda
Park of a Sunday afternoon, you would take
it for an Elysum of beauty ana pleasure, rather
than tho thing of toil, and and care, ami sorrow,
that it is. But tho every day sido of tho pic
ture would quickly break the spell. All the live
long week, misery and want and wretchcdkess are
toiling in tho self-samathoroughliire, with jelling
limbs, aud breaking hearts and tearful eyes; for one
half the world must toil and sweat nndgroau, that
the other half may thrive and rejoice. The Londpn
streets are thronged with hoary heads tottering to
their graves and craving charity to pry their way,
and with tiny feet just pattering into life that are
already learning to keep time to the beggar a voice.
1 wonder if I shall ever get hardened to the pite
ous tales that startle one’s ears at every step, and
the ragged types of suffering that make one’s eye s
wet, and one’s heart sick.”
The Underground Railroad.—A trial lately had
in the United states District Court for New York
city before Judge Judsou, tends to show where at
least a part of tho money comes from thut supuprts
the underground railroad and other contrivances
by which the Anti-slavery Society carry on their
mechanations against the peace and prosperity of
the South. A letter from New York says :
“Mr. William Johnson, the treasurer we believe
at all events one of the leading ottivers—of the
Anti-slavery Society, was arraigned, tried, and
found guilty of the offence of coining and passing
counterfeit money. It appears thut this worthy,
who was an English abolition emissary, had for
some years beeD in the habit ot manufacturing
large quantities of spurious coin—an operation for
which his original calling as silvor worker particu
larly qualified him. He joined a church, and soon
took a high rank in the association for spiriting
away foreign slaves. Money speedily became
plenty iu the coffers of the kidnappers, and Mr.
Johnson, thinkingdoubtless that he was doing God
and himself service at the same time, waxed bold
er and more reckless in his nefarious pursuits.—
Butthe eye of justice was upon him, and its bund
eventually grasped him. Ho proved a most ex
cellent character, but in vain. Neither liis exem
plary pietv, his philanthropy, nor his philosophy
could save him. The cvidonce of his guilt was ir
risistable. lie was convicted, and sent for a term
of years tolhe State prison.”
Deatii or toe oldest Methodist Preacher in the
World.—The New York Christian Advocate, con
tains the following: “Kov. George Highfield, of
the British Wesleyan Conference, the oldest .Me
thodist Preacher in the World, ceased his length
ened pilgrimage near Liverpool, on the 9th of De
cember. lie was called into the ministry by Mr.
Wesley in 1785, and continued to travel until 1820,
when the state of his health compelled him to be
come a supernumerary; but he still labored in the
pulpit and on pastoral work until his strength en
tirely foiled. During tbe last four years infirmities
grew ranidly upon lnm : his memory failed so that
secular things were nearly obliterated from it, but
he could always recall portions of Scripture aud
hymns whieh had long been treasured there. The
forenoon of the day before he died, he spent alone,
and was unusually happy. He was ninety-one
years old and had been in the ministry sixty-seven
years.”
Misery’s Home. —Almost everything has a loca
tion ; so has wretchedness —but the last is world
wide. Go to any part of the globe, and you may,
and you will find suffering, and often ofa character
that might be obviated. Even in this city you
may find widows, whose humble tenements are
overlooked by princely mansions, suffering for
want of the bare necessaries of life, and their chil
dren, born in honorable wedlock, crying for bread.
These women are often obliged to toil from early
mom until another day is ushered in by tiie solemn
tolling of the midnight bell, yet too often their
wants sre overlooked by their philanthropic neigh
bors, who are anxious to cross lands and seas in
search of objects of commiseration that they may
aid, while they “screw down the compensation of
their neighbors’ labor to a point that even 111 health
will scarcely keen soul and body together. After
our duty to God, ia our duty to ourselves and
families—next, to our - neighbor*. Were every
coummunity to act ou this principle, misery would
at once cease.
A Fatal Case of Hydrophobia has occurred at
Albany, N. Y., in which three persons were bitten
one a young man, and two boys, ten and five
vears of’age, sons of Mr. Phillip Ogsbury. The
elder boy died, and the younger was at the
latest account only saved from the symptoms of
tbe malady by the free use of a tea made from the
inside of white-ash bark, whieh the brother who
died could not be induced to drink. The young
man ia under the eare of a physician who is said to
have been successful in treating this disease.
Change of Habit. —A gentleman recently from
Africa, while at one of the civilized colonies on the
coast, met a young colored woman whom ho hud
known in Old Virginia, who had obtained her
freedom for good conduct, and emigrated to Li
beria.
“Where are you travelling to, Mary?” said the
gentleman.
“I am going down to the villago on the sea shore
—l’m tired of seeing nigger, nigger ! I want to
see some white folks 1”
“But are you doing well here ?”
“Oh, very well. I have four slaves who make
palm leaf hats.”
“Slaves, Mary. Y’ou, emancipated, to have
slaves in your own land 1"
I “Oh, yes,” said she with great simplicity, “must
do as they do in Old Virginia.”
A complete set of Voltaire’s works, in 72 vols.,
with 12,800 illustrations, costing 20 years labor,
snd S4OOO, wm sold u) Pari* the othsr day for
11000,
SPEECH OP HON. EBEN NEWTON
T ,T r. 0P OHIO.
In tub HorsK or Rki-kksentativxs, Armt 20,186*,
In Favor or Ihe Establishment or an Agricultural
Bureau.
The bill to encourage agriculture, commeroe,
manufactures, and all other brunches of industry,
by granting tp every man who has thehoadofn fam
ily, mid u citizen of the United states, a homestoad
oi one hundred and sixty acres of land out of the
public domain, upon condition ot occupancy and
cultivation of the same, for the period herein spe
cified, being unclor consideration, in Committee
ol thmW'hole—
said:
MtWuAiitMAN: lam much obliged for the floor,
even alter four weeks strugglo for it, not so much
on my own account ns for the subject I advoaate.
I um m favor of the bill now under oonsideratiejA
and have prepared some remarks directly applicable
to it, which it will give me pleasure at some future
day to muke to the liouse or committee. The
remarks 1 am üboutto muke were prepared to bo
made upon reporting a bill from the Agricultural
Committee, of which I am a member, aud which
has been ill the hands of my honorablo friend from
Wisoonsin for the lust two mouths, for the estab
lishment of an Agricultural Bureau. My remarks
are, however, applicable more or lesa to the subject
now immediately before the committee, and are
made now, because no opportunity lias been afford
ed to report the bill to which I have referred.
From 1786 to tiie present timo, the subject of
an Agricultural Board, or Bureau, has been an
object of Executive consideration and recommend
ation to the National Legislature; and yet little,
formally, aud nothing effectively, has been done.
While ull our other interests u'ud relations have
been sedulously guarded and liberally patronized,
agriculture, the fouudution on which nil others
rest, and tho source from which ail others flow,
and tho fountain from which all others are sus
tained aud increased lias been left to struggle
alone, and not acknowledged in the great family
ofuatioual relationship.
From that period to the present, wo have in
creased ip numbers with greater rapidity than auy
other nation or poople—advancing from less thun
lour millions to nearly twety-flvo millions—pos
sessing a territory extending from oooun to oceuu,
und from a tropical sun to near tho polar region,
embracing all the various climates, soils, miuerals,
and vegotub'e productions of the whole earth.—
Inhabited by people from all nations, and of all
kindreds und castes, with intelligence and enter
prise more generally disseminated than any other
people on earth; yet, lamentable ua it is, in nation
al agricultural science, patronage and attention,
we are behind any other enlightened nation under
Uouvcn.
Our soil is more generally adapted to agricul
ture, und more of our people engage in thut pur
suit, than any other country, ft was tho first—
it is tho chief and general employment of our
inhabitants, and more than eighteen millions are
engaged in its occupation. The freedom and
facility to acquire tho ownership of the aoil, ia
thut which gives us a prominence over any olher
people. There is a prominence in the absolute
ownership of the soil, and its general occupation
by our citizens, that gives us a moro general and
important national character thun any other nation.
If America is guided by wisdom und patriotism,
forty years henco she will probably contain more
absolute freeholders than all t e world besides.—
Improvement of our uationul agriculture is the
strongest bond of union with which the nation cun
encircle its territory. Its neglect is but too legible
in this aspect. While other countries are under
the necessity of tnrnialiing Beenes of amusement,
with which to emploj their inhabitants, we em
ploy ourselves in cultivating the soil.
Nature is a good agriculturist; she bus guided
her cilizuiis, and not this nation her subjects. She
tits the soil, originally, with ull the properties ne
cessary for the growth of ull the plantß. And from
the largo quantities of virgin soil in almost all
purtß of our extended country, that have been from
our earliest history, aud still are being brought in
to aotual occupation and improvement, our agri
cultural products have been so large, that the pub
lic mind has been lulled into apatliy and indiffer
ence us to the necessity or means of renovating old
and dilapidated soils, or of increasing the aggre
gate amount ot our products.
This morbid national feeling iB having deleteri
ous influence upon us nationally and individually.
Ah u consequence, luud in America is not worth
half what it should bo, und otherwise woulu be,
if the standard of agriculture was elevated. Amer
icans do not become farmers from choice, but from
necessity, and for want of other adequate employ
ments. Sous of wealthy and influent ial men loathe
the farm as they would a prison. It is the drudge
of youth, and the servant of old ago, alter ambi
tion has been closed und satisfied. According to
the prevailing fashion, and popular fecliug, the
farm furnishes few inducements for the youthful
aspirant lor national honors and preferment.
While every other profession und calling, from
the highest to the most inconsiderable doorkeeper
in the land, is sought uiter und hunted up, with an
avidity that ia truly surprising—professions, trad
ing, offices, and ngenoies ure among tho most
fusliionublo employments of tho age; yet how few,
compared with the number of those engaged in
those pursuits, over arrive atuny eminence or com
petency for themselves or families.
The tenure by which most of these are held aud
enjoyed, is so transient und fugitive, that no per
manent preparation cun be made for homo and its
enjoyments. The employment ol tho lumilies of
those engugod in these temporary pursuits, ure so
ephemeral thut they are unfitted for the substan
tial business of lilo—and more especially for those
adverse circumstances that so frequently occur.
If the nation wish to people her farms with
skillful and scientific furnicrß, elevate her standard
give her a uuino and a pliico, and an independent
position amuiig our national pulaoes, where the Fa
ther of our Country strove with his own hands to
pluoe her. and where ho most earnestly recom
mended the nation to place hor, und not to turn
her off with tho crumbs that fall from unother’a
table.
Metliinks I sec him yonder, over the way, with
the manuscript of hie plun in hand, und the wis
dom of his countenance guiding our deliberations
in perfecting his most favorite object.
Remember, 1 beseech you this gieut and practi
cal truth, thut whatever emanates from the nation,
has a national influence, and u national example
and do not turn us oil'with the Inhospitable ex
cuse that another und inferior jurisdiction may
do this, and not the nation. Through our whole
history the nation’s voice has never been heard in
uu effective effort to recognize agriculture, by a
separate institution, or to throw around it any of
the Governmental patronago or influence or to
clothe it with science and skill, so that its lirtional
honors muy be borne und enjoyed by its oocu
panta.
f rom General Washington down to tho present
Chief Magistrate, every recommendation to estab
lish a board for its elevutiou and improvement bus
been entirely neglected.
Every report from committees upon this sub
ject has been permitted to sleep upon tho table
und not even u discussion provoked. 1
Tho great and primary object of this bureuu,
is to elevate the social condition of the agricultu
rist, and increase his means and facilities for
improvement. Thut this is necessary, all will ad
mit. We need not go beyond our Hull to see
how few formers are selected as national legisla
tors. Hook to your professions und mechanics,
und sec their skill und productions: then cast the
mind of the nation, in the person of its Kepresen
atives, over the country: let each Congressional
district bo examined, and see how few model farms
ure to be found, and how few prize artieles po»-
sessed. bee bow few farms thut may not be great
ly improved in price, vulu3, and productiona. Look
to your agricultural products tbutaroseentubroad,
und see bow many arc braiidedus unmerchantable
or second rate, and compuro the goncnil reputa
tion they beur abroad with our meolmnicul inven
tions und improvements, und the answer con bet
ter be understood than expressed. It is the seuti
ment of every patriot, that “it should bo the study
of every statesman, and the primary object 01 eve
ry legislator, toolevute the agricultural interests.’’
It cun never be done ill any other wa/ than by
the action of the nution; it never Ims boon in any
other country, and never will bo in this. There
are in all revivals, religious or political, times of
declension, and unless there is some power above
and below to guide und sustain them, they will
fade awuy. Here the science can be concentrated
and ditfused by the national Koprcsentalives. Let
tho farming interests see that the General Gov
ernment will give them any aid in this great move
ment for advancement, and you will electrify all
their efforts, aud wurm into file thousands of oth
ers. Kepulse it, and you freeze that which is now
ulivc.
1 have said that agriculture was the first em
ployment of our citizens. General Washington,
the Father of our Country, was a practical farmer.
As early as 178(1, we find him engaged in sending
abroad for seeds and implements of husbandry.—
On the 6th of August, of that year, in writing to
Arthur Young, of England, he says :
“ I ahull bike the liberty, in this place, to ob
serve, that some yearsago, from a description or
recommendation of what was then called the Koth
crliarn, or putent plow, 1 sent to England for ons
of them; aud, until it began to wear and was min
ed hy u country smith, no plow could havo done
better work, or appeared to have gone easier with
two horses.”
In the same communication he says:
“ Agriculture lias bocn among tiie most Ihvorite
amusements of my life, though 1 never possessed
much skill in the art.”
“The system of agriculture, if the epithet of eys
tem can bo applied to it, which is in use in this
part of ilio United .States, is as unproductive to the
practitioners as it is ruinous to the laud holders.
Yet it in pertinaciously adhered to."
On the first of November, 1787, in another let
ter to the same man, he says:
“ Our lands, as J mentioned in my first letter to
you, were originally very good, but uso and abuse
have made them quite otherwise.”
In the same letter, lie enters into a particular
description of the price of products. “ Wlieat,” he
savs, “ for the last four ycurs lias been worth four
shillings sterling by the bushel; rye, two shillings
and four-pence; oats, one shilling’ and six-ponce,”
and gives the price of a great vuricty of other ar
ticles. To Mr. Young, .December 4th, 1788, he
says:
“I cannot help thinking that improving our
breed of sheep would be one of the most profitable
speculations wc could undertake. Though we do
not feed them on leaves, as you say they do in some
parts of France, yet wc cannot want for pasture
enough suitable for them. lam glad to find you
are likely to succeed in propagating the Spanish
breed of sheep in England, und that the wool does
not degenerate, fer tho multiplication of useful an
imals is a coinin' n blessing to mankind.”
Again, he says:
“ I have a prospect of introducing into this coun
try a very excellent race of animals also, by means
of the liberality of tl:e King of Spain. Olio of the
jacks lie was pleased to send me is about fifteen
bands high, bis body and limbs very large in pro
portion to his height; and the mules 1 have had
from him appear to bo extremely well formed for
business. 1 have likewise a jack and two <enoets
from Malta, of a good size, which the Marquis de.
La Fayette sent me. From these I hope to secure
a race of extraordinary goodness which will stock
the country. Their longevity and cheap keeping
will be circumstances much in their favor. lam
convinced, from the little experiments I have made
witli ordinary mules, which perform as much la
bor, with vastly less feeding, than horses, that
those of a superior quality will be the best cattle
wc can employ for tlio harness; and, indeed, in a
few years, I intend to drive no other in my car
riage, having appropriated upwards of twenty of
my best mares to breeding them.
To the same man, under date 6th December,
1791, lie says:
“The English fanner must entertain a contemp
tible opinion of our husbandry, or a horrid idea of
our land, when ho is to bo intormed that not more
than eight or ten bushela of wheat is the yield of
an acre.”
To cure these evils, so general and eo much to
bo deprecated, and to introduce tho advantages and
improvements necessary and desirable, while Pre
sident in 1791, he issued a circular to many of the
most experienced and influential men in the busi
ness of agriculture, in the States of New York,
Now Jersey, Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Virginia,
among whom were Thomas Jefferson and Alexan
der Hamilton, to collect statistics as to the value of ..
Und, its culture, the kind of articles produced, and
their quality and prioe. The information wsa
[ooiwimwHß o* So, rxei.j