Newspaper Page Text
BY WILLIAM S. JONES.
CHRONICLE & .BENTINBL.
THE WEEKLY
!« PnMlibed every WJuriKlay
IT TWO DOLLARS »*£» ASSI’»
is advance.
TO CLUTiS nr INDIVIDUALS Kiwiin* tt* Ten Dollars,
?IXcn]>:<i of the I’.qwrwill ueMotforone year, that fur
nishing the Paper a? the rate of
six copii.M *ou n:\DoiXAUH,
ora free copy to . i; olioroay procure usjfresuLscriben, am)
orwarii it* the money.
CHRONICLE So SENTINEL
DAILY ASOTHI-IYKBKLY,
lIT «1» pehl'Jied at this office, and mallei to lubseribers
at ™;'iyrat«,nstndy:
Dinar l'iCß-a,!! t ntbymrtil,. $7 per annum.
Tm V. . u;i.r i’.'.piw, 4 “ “
TEHHS OF AIMEBTIBINC.
I* Wi :«LT. —:- jverify-f,re ce.it* per aqaare (10 line* or
cm) far iheSr.o ' . .crtlon, aai fifty cent* for each Bul.ee
uent liwrrtion.
COTOOSA SPRINGS, GEOSGIA.
THIN UCAtTIKHr tofidV** active Waterlog
}'i , •«• r»;'. l-e op* r« t-r the f»“ option of vWtor* on y jii
the 16th The OWilts an I l'r4|>rtet/>r« have upwr.i.l
f>o exjH-iue or paiu* to tutke Cotoosa the Saratoga ol the
Pfioth.
Th* gccommojJalioniire ftmpl* for Five Hundred Per
son*. Hju(t*o:.e Cottars, with plants red room*, an<i
well airafigcd for f-uiiihe*, may he engaged tor
th*- season.
Trii.f truly w<md rful rftotia situated In Walker coanty,
< m the W. 1 A. It. Hovl, twenty-five
UiM. from wnd IT) Mfil'- from Atlanta, <ia.
A - t M
Colo- i j-. tfor.u U> convey pa meager* over a hue road to
the snri >' ‘.
Thy; i-,. take ti,!s opportunity to say that they
«<*! tlvf.' r.il for the ) >.*r*l p%trou*ge diejr have received,
iindt 1 . vho y ray L.h-ot to the Mouthern States,
that if « o wi.f Live their encourageinentTbey ehaJl have
at Cfltwi i.f Hnrnoiioth.n#, < miter t* ami luxuries tuisur
pasKcd l>y i.uy Wai«i nvr in the filial State*.
.v M li'y.N'ATJ).
c u H motot acadmt.
HPIII# Ai)* > »lY U located In Burke county, on the
1 Mi:!,,;. {,r »,ui'l B<md b* rwr t*n Au/u.-ti and Waynen
boro’, and in im r the charge of Mr. J. L. HAUIUR.
The Tru res will, n *««;:» a- there Is a Cl a.-* requiring
It, order Jftj ,ooo worth of Philosophical and Chemical Ap.
par;.:-.', I<, ti.c Academy.
The o t Term v lii open on .MONDAY,Mho 9th of AU
tVf.-T next, and >•■■ han examination, on TJIUIUS*
i •
Tuition iur the Term
*J*»r KH P. f.KKKV, )
• Khl’ilA A. A l.U‘.yf t VTrustees.
Jy2l w 4 KDlll ND BALMKK,
MARSHALL HOUSE.
riAIIIi ruh?crili .r having leased tli< above HOUSK,
1 siumted on Br -ugltlon street, between Abtrcorn Jjjji
nnd Crayton streets, for a term of year-, respectfully in
forms the eiUrxMf of FnvuMiah and the pubhc generally,
that be in now prt*t*arcd to receive boarders, both regular
and trarißletn, on the most term#, and pledges
JUniwlf. by -trict attention to business, to merit tie* patron
age of the pubiic. He intends to make the Marshall House
ami t * i.- If..tel. His table will be supplied with every
luxur> that can b. procured.
WILUAM JOHNSON.
HOI EL FOR BALE.
rpilK HOTIvL,;n Ibis place, known us “WASH
-1 ISHTmN ifAl.h,” is U :r.;. g f sale. It hus six- Lilli
teen sleeping npurmvnh , a large dining and two reception
rooms, every nvcei's.-.ry outbuilding, one of the largest and
best gardeih in the State, with a fine water lot for paster
age attached, '1 i.!h valuable property will be Kohl on rea
sonable terms, and In view of the fact* that it is the only
Hold in ti e place, and our Kail Bond will be completed In
a few months, it j.recent# extraordinary inducements to
any one wbhing to engage in lhatbusineApply to
JOHN If. DYSON.
Washington, On., July 2J, 18W. jyOl
ooTToir esi kAxmo akd repatetno.
und. i>>!.o l rcKpecifally iuforms t.,.'CottonPlant
-1 e > the largo SHOP a ill tog the
K’lgle F’uiwifiry, where, he is prepared to make and repair
all kind of to l TON jOJNH in the very best style. Thank
ful f<ir tho v y iih r d patronage heretofore extended to
him, re |»u tfu ly rolk its a continuance of the some.
Augusta, July ‘-*2. K»J. jyJ > wtNl JOHN D. HILL.
“/hud rutftrr he riyht thou President.'*
LIFE OF HEURY CLAY.
(T EO. If. IM'.HIIY «V CO., Buffalo, have nearly ready,
X und will publish in a few days,
TUB LITE AND PUBLIC Mill VICKS OF HENRY CLAY,
of Kentucky; the Orator, the Statesman, the Patriot, and
the I’lilluntronhSi.t —which wotU has been preparing for
public a tic it during the past year. It will be in one Large
and hiegunt l£mo volume, of about but) pages; By Eppes
Eiirgent »nd Hot uc<- Or« >!«y. It will also embrace some of
his choice.*t speeches, and will ho Illustrated with an accu
rate tied Pcrtra.itM the CHEAT AMERICAN STATES
MAN, f». who at is f* It a world-wide mlmiratlon.
Tit*- pnhlh )t r» have determined to place the retail price
of the hook within the reach of eve y one, (Hid to Agents,
©unt il < n«, Ac., will give the most liberal discounts from
the annexed retail prices—sl.2h.
gjflT 1 G"« *l uctls • Agents wanted,to sell the ul>ovebook,
to whom i x« luni\ e acency for a couuty will be given.
On vi cidpt of f I .A>, we will forwurd one copy of the above
Look, (to.- Agents to ii ii a.» ,i nample copy,) by mall, post
/ur r in, to any in the Culled States, not exceeding
fhlU mii< - from Buffalo, Ciiicago, or New York.
pry* Book seat by m..u must be pre-puld, according to
the new !’<• • ,"a.i Ir.v. Postage on this work is about iih
cents for each ami every ftot) miles.
Urdt>: f oiie.:*; I f* m all puts of the Union. Agents
could t. . I j’h ant and profltabie employment In circula
ting flo dor*lruble Q.cmento of the lamented Hknut Clav.
\ ;• in*.l other saleable
books, hr. which we want Agents, will he forwarded on Ap
plication t« us, Pt.f i Paid.
K.»r further particulars, apply to
.1. u:■:«). 11. blii.nv A CO., Buffalo, n. y.
GORDON SPRINGS
AHE XOW Oi'i - * lor the recoption of visitors. Firs*
chon Omnibuses will bo run regulurlyfrom Tunnel Hill
to the . p iu,s. 0. W (JORDON,
jam, i -h.’. Je2d*w*jfn»
HtullonuHst, Charleston Mercury, Columbus
Enquirer, h.ivannuh Uepubiiaan, Jourr.a »t Messenger (Ma
con), Christiuu Index and Southern Christian Advocate,
G. W. G;
PUNTfiHR.
X urs, that he furnlshe*
HMALL GRIST MILLS,
Hu I table to ho attached to Clin Gears, of dlirerent sises,
und <*f dutereut patterns ut tho lowest prices.
Th Mills have given the highest satisfaction, and can
tie compared with any from the North.
Fh>a«o givo us a call before buying elsewhere.
WM. U. BCHIRMER.
Burr MM Htone M anti factor er, Augusta, (la. joB-ly
&ru t \s! ti ins: as N• I
On Mc/nioih afreet, hco door* from Georgia llailroeul
JTfcT HKCEIY'En, per steamer Africa, tho largest
and b. i assortment us KNGUBII GUNS ever otter
ed in tli* uit.y, comprising every variety, from London and
Birmitiglia;u makers, at the lowest rates for cash.
Doul U* uit*t .‘lngle Barrelled OCXB, all sizes and prices.
A fine tiuuut of EUigle and Bauble liar relied GUNS
or Iniys.
ItU LIH and Double GUNS, of my own make, one barrel
Rblo and t;ic other Eliot, a flue article for hunting deer and
Turkics.
Colts’, Allen’s, and other REVOLVERS; also Single bar
yotled, S*df Owking and Klfle PISTOi-S, cast steel barrets.
Summon PDto!-*, all kinds ; Percussion CAPS, of Wwter
y R’chnid’r, Cox’s water proof, Walker’s and G. 1). French,
and M.’.htary t.’ups.
Ap,,,t variety of Powder FLASKS, Phot BELTS, and
Game HAGS, t'f ‘he !lm». t Patterns.
A! ;o, Wiv.di k ?o<H, prinking Flaxk* acd Cups, Nipple
Wreuolu-*. Pocket (Vm|uH *‘*, Screw Drivers, tine large
Stunting ib.rn-*, ami everything in the Sporting line.
Eviug a p' .u iier.l (ln.‘‘Maker myself, and having these
pun* iw i.ie t < my order, expressly fur this market, persons
buying win got amticli better than is sold at the Uard
ware M.n-e ■, ami ut equally low prices, and ollwarroot
ed to Klm.it well.
Powder an l Shot, Wholesale and Retail, v\\ varieties.
; Repair
ng and GUNS* done in the bo*t manner and
warranted. ol«My K. H. ROGERS.
REUBEN RICH’S PATENT CENTRE VENT Wa
ter wheel.
r A fTlOY.—Having been informed that a certain per
son named lUr.n, ia vending a Water Wheel upon
which Hie w liter N eonductixl by means of r spirlal scroll, us
Upon Reuben Rich’s “Patent Centre Vent,” we hereby notify
and aiuti.m the public, that we will prosecute, in ull in
stances, f«*r any evasl«>n or infringement upon said patent,
both the maker on-l party using, and w ill be thankful for
any information referriug us to parties thus trespassing.
GIN DRAT A CO.
Mi ntgvmery, Ala,, June 11, ISSO. Je2l»tf
.THE MONTGOMERY MANUFACTURING COM
PANY’S IRON WORKS.
fctONTOOMKSIY. ALABAMA.
M VMF.UTI BE* in superior style, HoHaontal and
I'j.igM M’KAM ENGINES, oi nil sites; Steam
BOILS’ s ; LOCOMOTIVES; Cost Don WATER WUEKLS;
Bug .r Ml HLS ; »w and Grist Mill IRONS, of every varie
ty, iincUid* >g Hoxle’scontinuous feet for Saw Mill-*;) En
gine and ii.iv ILA Tli OS; Iron and Brass CASTINGS, of all
fintL, Ac., Ac.
AH uni. Hl'.Utt with despatch.
. (irSDRAT A CO.
Ali HKII.TUtAI. IMEI-lv
MENT3.—The undet■ '.nod sre
now rccetv mg f.,on the man .T:r- \c X'
ere Hi the N •iiii.and will keep i-jn- «SSc£SiSiSSßfc
sto-ntv on hint a large ii'rnrliuenl of the best All mill L-
Tl ilAl. IMPLEMENTS lobe ha«l in Now York or New
England, or this oily, am! adapted to gwuhera Husbandry,
a Inch they will soil low for cash. *
CARMICHAEL A BEAN.
Augusta. Georgia.
IKPOIirAJCT TO 2t11.1i OWffESS APD KAWJ
t'ACTCRKIii-
Imurownumtiu VT.itrr IWests.
rIK Ri ore . <oß* agents tor making and
vending tuabcst Water Wheel in the world, kmnvn as
Yarn’. - s'.i l < s Water Wheel. We challcnga the Worki to
produce i.s O'inal. It ha* but recently been introduced to
the ;mol.c, ami found to be far ill advance of all other
'Wheel ■, With iu power and economy iu water, every drop be
ingi. Olive, tin i none wasted. This Wheel is not in the
le.-d aif.-cted by bar. water. As we prefer them being
placed below toil water in every Instance, consequently »»
it . - er\ ,aoh- they being rtvtdely of cast iron,
simple of c.o.struetion, are not liable to getoutof order,
•ndt.rcv.tore um.ildo than any wheel now in use. We
have : |uit one in oporAnon for Tteorge tcohloy,
Esq., ai la t lliiviUe <-:ton factory, to whom we would give
reie'st ee. lore, . eate annexed.
All or l, ■ f.e vt a -ets or Territorial Rights, will meet with
attealun by addressing Ute subscribers.
JAcui.il, TREADWELL A TERRY.
Albany, New York.
Or to their Agent, J.J. Kteev, Augusta.
[CX*tlllCAt*.]
Acocsta, Oa., March 24,1551.
Jaeger, Treadwell A Terry—Gentlemen :—l have the
grat .cat .n of informing you that your Vaudewater Wheel
wa»«..oc»» fully pat in op«r»: >nat ray factory last week,
andtl uot ked to perlVvttou. lls simplicity, durability, and
-•."tJban?nrcommeiuLaioita alone;
ait, ii» tr.vT.ost oik' .ni uu is the *a»U mantijy of water it
taltos as c>njpa> M w i-h other wheels. I ha»e beva using
owe of U-oi .i. Itfcto* iVntre >eai Wheel*, of three feet
k»U « hv'.lf vt j:- i r, j»n*i eleveu inch bucket, the tiiaciurire
©petting uk* 4ov> iuolie®. I displaced that and put !
u one es your of six feet dlauu'ter, with discharge open- !
ngm*jt*u dig attache*, luad jx*ur wheel run the tuuue j
amount of nia hinery t!« Kkh Whed had driven, and !
hntwMK dK iciive in favor of yours of sight Inches in
he d«|*th or wv.cr in the tail race. I feci no iwiMiation in
e<x‘ju.*uii U»»g jrotir wheel to ail manufacturers aud mill
wuvr*, W -lie y uig it i# the gre«te*t wheel of the age. Wioh*
ng you 'V A vos.i tlw rntrudocum of «*> valuable ac im
rovViucnt, I main, very reepiX'&fhily, yonrs, Jfce.
. trly OBOROE gCHLET.
IMWRTANT TO MAXCFACTTRERS.
rpll’A >1 llatTtlUElisi are prepared to supply all
tVITOX AND WOOLEN machinery,
of ft -u;vriorquality, SU If f’NU and MILL HEARING,
wiia i. I,coved c opting stud Pulley*, Seif-Oiling Hangers
win , require .Ring only once in three months); LOOMS,
f a great variety ol Ibtteras, for Fancy and YViilod Goods,
rout. it,.- to Eighteen Shatlie*; also,for llaiu Goods, capa
b!e Os -.-imalng from lot* to IT** picks per minute.
1 ,*c enabled,from their viA-nsive improvement*, to
produce YARNS and GOODS, with comparatively little
abor; and all Manufacturers, before purchasing their Ma
hitury, will do well to visit Philadelphia and vicinity,
where they can see the Machinery with all the latest im
provements, in foil and successful operation; or they can
be referred to Factories in utmost every Mate South and
West, by addressing a line to tbe Subsrr,"ber*.
ALFRED JENKS A SON,
Feb. IK'S, f -l**-1 y ltr. lesburg, near Philadelphia.
N. }1 Tinas of Fu. f ri-«, whh the location of Machinery,
he si.npb- t method of driving, aud calculation of speed,
i uruistod free of ettarge. wly
AUGUSTA FLE-iCH BUSH HILL STONE JtANU
VACroKY.
THE subscriber, thankful for tlut kind patronage heretofore
extended to the late Cm of ScKiuttmt A WYoivd, would
resp**ctf:t!lv inf.gra his friends and Oie public, t!mt he contin
ues to eve nt* on'i. r* for his well known W urrauted French
BURR MILL STONES, of every dcsjri'ole stac, at the lowest
price and siior.: i notice, lie *bo hmii-liea
ESOPLF aud COLOGNR SivtN F-U,
SMUT MACHINES, of various p tternft,
BOLTING CLOTHS, of the best brand,
CEMIIVT, for MM use.
And every other article necessary In a MM.
Also, for I*Liiua*,»umß GRIST MILLS to attach to Got
Gears.
All orders promptly attended R
wtf Burviving partnsr of Bchirairr A Wigaud,
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
1852. PROSPECTUS 1852.
OF TUB
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR
VOLUME X. FOR 3852.
Or. 01XIEL LEE, 0. KEOXOYO,
Emtoh. | Askwtakt Editor.
TEEMS.—OKI DOLLAE A YEAH m ADVANCE.
The SorTHEits Cixnr stub it, ishued every nioath,
and U exclusively devoted t. ARrieulture, Horti
culture, floriculture, Ooincaticaud Farm Economy,
TiLu_-e and Husbandry, the ilrecdint:and iHus'ue
of Domestic Animal*, Poultry and Bees, and the
general routine of Southern anti Farming.
The new volume for ltio2. will lie issued on a royal
octavo sheet of 82 pages, with NEW TYPE, Flat
I’A PEE, AND BEAUTIFUL ILLCSTKATIONS!
It will contain a much greater amount of matter
than heretofore—will disease a greater variety of
tojjies, and will lie in every respect the best Agbi
ccLmsairPiJrMlir the bocTii! and equal to any in
the f nion!
Friends of Southern Agriculture!!
As the * 'tLrivATojt was the First journal established
in the Cotton Growing States, exclusively devoted
to the interests of the l'lanter; and as it has ever
been an earnest and consistent advocate of those
nt ,"cos. we confidently hope that, having fostered
and sustained it thus far,your cordial and generous
support will still he continued.
i'i.s .TEi:r, FAlnu.ua, Gauisexeks, Fecit Gnownns,
Stoce 1;,. r.-ucs. N i i'-si HVjieh, and all connected in
any way with the cultivation of the soil, w ill Had the
tionin ay ( i LtivaTOK replete witii new and valua
ble information: and richly worth ten times the
rilling sum at which it is afforded.
TKHMS OF THE CULTIVATOR l
ONE copy, ohe year, ::::::: $ 1.00
*>!X copies, 5.u0
TWELVE copies, :::::::: 10.00
T .1. . t’Y-i-IVE copies, :::::: s2>t.ofc
KI conies, : : : :::::: C 7.50
ONE HUNDRED copies, :::::: 75-0 t
ALWAYS IN ADVANCE.
Tm ?" Gentlemen who obtain subscriptions, will
p!c:-c forward lliem as early a* possible.
*>"All bills of specie patino Banks received at
par—and all money sent by mail will be at our
ri»g.
W. S. JONES, Publisher.
AnffitetSy Go., Jaunary 1, 1852.
NEW TOM APyEBTISEMENTS. “
HOU'S CAST STEEL CIRCULAR AND LONG SAWS.
nplIK »uhwrii)*;r» rnanufacture, from the beat coni steel,
L Cl RCL'LAR ,HAWB, from two Inches to five feet diame
ter. TI. iie sawn are carefully hardened and tempered, and
are ground and finished by machinery designed expre.-tSy for
the purpose, and i.re therefore much euperior in truth and
uniformity of /surface to those ground in the usual manner.
Ts; v require kus set, less power to drive them, and are not
so liable to become heated, and produce a saving of timber.
They also manufacture Cast Bted MILL PIT and CROSS
CUT AM 8, ami BILLET WEBS, of superior quality, all of
which they have for tide at their Ware Rooms, No*. 29and81
Gold i'lreet, or they may lie obtained of the principal Hard
ware Merchant* in the United States.
R. HOE & CO.,
Printing Press, Machine and Saw Makers,
29 and 31 Gold Street.
The following extract is from a rejxirt made by a c ommittee
of arienliflc and practical gentlemen, appointed by the Ameri
can Institute:
“ Your committee are of unanimous opinion, that in the ap
paratus invented by Mr. It. M. Hoe, for grinding saws, he
has displayed great ingenuity and tact in the adaptation of
machinery to the production of results In the manufacture of
mhws, which may with propriety be denominated the lie plus
ultra of the art.”
Publishers of newspapers who will insert this advertisement
three times, with this note, and forward us a paper containing
the same, will be paid in printing materials, by purchasing
four times tho amount of their bill for the advertisement.
Jy2fl wflra
OILCLOTHS
A I,OHO A HOYT, Nos. 72 and 74 John street, New
York, Manufacturers and Dealers In Oil Cloths, exclusive
ly. At their Factories are turned out (under a patent pro
cess,)
FLOOR OIL CLOTHS,
Which for beauty of design and elegance of finish, snrpass
any thing of the kind hitherto produced in this country or in
Km >pe, ar. I for which they obtained the prise medal at the
Worl IV Fair.
At their Ware-rooms in New York, can he found a large
and complete assortment of Heavy Medium, and thin Floor
Oil Cloths, from 27 inches to 42 feet wide; also Table, Fur
niture, and Carriage Oil Cloths.
New York. dl&
FANCY GOODS.
TYTARD, r)!< K*o\ <k CO., (Formerly lIATI.EY,
t I WAIU), & CO.) AT TICK OLD STAND, No. 41 M AIDKK LANK,
Nuw York, Importers of French, German, und English Fan
cy Goods, Brushes, Combs, Fans, Jewelry, Forte Monnai.*s,
Work and Dressing Cases, Writing Desks, Violins, Accorcle
ons, Perfumery, Stationery, Ac., Ac.
notice tliat our firm is Ward, Dicksons Co.,
and our number 41. n*2« fim
CARDS, CARDS.
CIOTTOIV, WOOL, Jim-Crow and Horse Cards of the
J above celebrated stamps, are of unequalled quality, and
wherever introduced take the place of all others. They are
manufactured on our new improved machinery, and each
pair is warranted in every respect. Our inferior cards, the
common “ Whitemorc” stamp, are of the usually well known
quality.
Sold by the Hardware houses in all the cities, and country
Merchants, and to the trade by the Manufacturers.
JOS. B. SARGENT,
mylfi wly* 24 Cliff Street, New York.
~ SAVANNAH ApyERTISEMENTsT'
BAUIEL DOIT & CO.,
COHMISSION MERCHANTS & DEALERS IK
Mi RICULTURAL IMPbEMKNTS,
"ITTOULD advise their numerous friends that they keep
\\ constantly at their Warehouse—sign of the BIG
PLOW, No. (1 Whitaker Street, Savannah, nil kinds of g\oiti
clt.i ruAL Tmplkmknts. Also, Link, Hair, Ck.munt and
Plaster. They have now in btore,
I,2'K) barrels LIMK,
1,000 do CEMENT,
HOO do. Calcined PLASTER.
All the above at Wholesale und Retail, at reduced prices.
n 27
SASH, BLINDS, DOORS.
17'OR SALK nt No. 0 Whitaker Street, Savannah, Ga.
Glazed Sash, Bliuda and Doors, suitable for outside and
side work, by
SAM’I,. HOYT A CO^
Baltimore advertisement.
200,000 MSrnw
7 5,000 Small Family HAMS;
200 bbU. L \RD.
For sale hy the undersigneil; who keeps constantly on hand
a large Stock of PROVISIONS. Parties sending orders,
u iely on getting them filled at a- low rates, as if buy
ing in person. GEORGE A THOMAS CASSURN.
jalfi 44 South Street. Baltimore, Md.
BOSTON ADVEItI’iSEMEiNT.
COTTON AND WOOLEN MACHfNERY,
ANU STEAM SAW MILLS AND ENGINES.
rpUE KSBBX COMPANY, Lawrence, Mars., will
1 promptly execute ail orders for Cotton ami Woolen
MACHINERY of all kinds, and will contract for nholemills
from the water wheel or steam engine to the finishing ma
chine. Steam Saw Mills for gangs or single saws. Ma
chinists* Tools of every description. Locomotives and
Freight Cars. Machinery of all kinds on hand, either fin
shed or hi progress, so that orders can be filled at short
notice. Terms are very low. Persons contracting for
Mills will he furnished with drawings for arranging the Mills,
without charge. GORDON McCAY, Agent.
- . .
TWENIY-FVE CENTS REWARD.
f pilli pub ic are hereby notified, that on the 17th day of
L July, inst., a man who call* himself J. W. BELL, run
away from the Johnson House, in this city, without settling
his bill for hoard; and also borrowed a fine Colt’s Revolving
Pistol, which he carried ufi w ith him. The said Kell weighs
about lbt> pounds, talks a great deal, very profane, has
down-east Yankee brogue, large ugly mouth, one large left
front tooth out, has a supernumerary, or tusk on the right,
ldaek hair, (little gray front,) black eyes, fair skin, beard
little inclined to Ire red, about b feet lrt inches high; wore
off u black frock coat, black pants, black satin vest, and
Muck fur hat. Bel! professed to be a Book-binder by trade,
nnd said he was from Montgomery, Ala. Any information
respecting the said BCOUNBIIKL, will be thankfully re
ceived by the undersigned.
All newspapers friendly to this, will please hand him
around, and oblige E. 11. GILLESPIE,
J. D. WELLS,
Jy2 s '-w4 Atlanta, Ga.
SI,OOO REWARD.
DR. HtWTKU'N celebrated SPECIFIC, for the cure
of Gouorrhura, Strictures, Gleet und Analagous Com
plaints of tho Organs of Generation.
iV J( all remedies yet discovered for the above com
plaint, this is the most certain.
i :y? '* It makes a speedy and permanent cure without re
striction to diet, drink, exposure, or change of application
to business.
It is perfectly harmless. Gallons of it might be
tak< n without injuring the patient.
It is put up in bottles, with full directions accom
panying it, so that persons can cure themselves without re
sorting to physicians or others for advice.
One bottle is enough to perform a certain cure. Price fl.
is approved and recommended by the Rtyal
College of Physicians and Surgeons of London and has
their certificate enclosed.
£JgT* It is sold by appointment in Augusta, Ga., by
PHILIP A. MOISE,
Under the new Augusta Hotel, and by W. H. & J. TURPIN.
Orders from the country promptly attended to. je2
~ GLEN DINNING & CO'S
MARBLE WOUKH, Broad street, Augusta, Georgia,
Where we have «*2 hand and will continue to keep a
I large stock of both ludl»a and American Marble, for
i Monuments, Toombs, Head Stor.es, Jfcc., to which we res
peoUbfiy call the attention of those wet; ting work in our
Ino. Wo are now prepared to fill all orders at short no
tice, in as g.*Mi and as low as work of the same quality
can bo fumishvd for from any establishment in the United
States. Plans and prioos will be senuhoae who cannot call
and examine for themselves.
P. from the country executed with neatness
and despatch. d 27
INTERESTINO^^TO'WfrwTPLAinTRS.
£ It. PARIiUIRm Patent Cotton Jk*ed CLEAN
j ING MACHINE, constructed without Saws or Kibe.
| Tho Inventor of this Machine now hits the pleasure of an
! steering the numerous inquiries from Cotton Planters, res
! jHVtiug the performances and results of this Gin. It has
. btvn telly tested by cleaning Tic entire crop of a large
planter near Columbia, 8. C., certificate from whom is
appended,) enhancing the value of the Cotton one and a
half to two cents per lb. over that cleaned by any Saw Gin.
ITus advanced price more than pays for a Machine in one
year’s average cron, the cost of it being only #250. It turns
out equally as much or more, than any Saw Gin ; is more
simple and durable, perfectly safe to the ginner, inasmuch
aa be cannot cut himself; and the great danger of fire, by
friction, in other Macliines is entirely obviated.
Arrangements are completed, to build these Machines
in Augusta, for the State of Georgia ; and Cotton Planters
desiring them, are respectfully requested to send their or
ders to the subscriber. One of the Gins may be seen in
operation at my Steam MilL W. IL GOODRICH.
Augusta, April, ISSI. apl9
Cowr of A certificate from Col. Wade Hampton, dated at
17 Miiiwoon, Sov. 4,1850.
Mr. Parkhurst lux been, for some weeks, at my plantation
i adapting his Gotten Gm, #4 finally intended for Long Cot
ton, to short staple. The *. xperiic/?nt h;is been entirely suc
| cv .-fuL He has one Gin in operetiou, ghich will prepare
four bale* U three hundred and fifty pounds each, i>er day,
1 ar.J the quality of the cotton b tar better than Jhetre
tree eeen. By this prucess of cleaning cotton, the staple
I is uninjured, while all the motes and false seeds are almost
’ entirely separated from the Uni. I deem this discovery of
) v»*t importance to the country, and i KWnustly hope that
Mr. Pari hurst may be rewarded for it.
J iitt-vly W. Hawrmsv
D fOTKL
H. HENRY' B U’(i\ having transferred his interest
>vlv- th .° fina of G. B. PLUMB-A CO., to Dr. I. P.
V! '‘ the undersigned will continue the DRUG BU8I
• r , *} *«* stand and under the same firm name,
and will «W up business of the old firm.
D. B. PLUMB,
Augusta, January 3ln, isaa. LP * GAK fei*
GROCERIES, GROCESUGBk
T ,,K ,’^^ C '»‘L n “ *o«.TT on the WlidMal.
B g*“ a " l * l 7-—at their Old St»nd, Just
noore the Globe Hotel, In tte .Uy of Aaeusto, and they
hey to inform the pnbhc th.it they are now reeeinmr their
Full Supply of Heavy and Fancy Groceriea, which
toll on the most reasonable terms. '
—THEY NOW OFFER FOR SiLE—
-100 bales 4C, mch Gunny Cloth
StM) ooila hails inch Rate Rope’
to hhds. N. Orleans and Muscovado SncanL.
190 bbis. Staarf. Crushed and Gr„i
S.W hays prime Rio and Uyuira Coffee -
45 ehe-ts and half chests Tea. ’
to hhds. Cuba Motassee,
100 this. Hiram Smith and Baltimore Flour
1«0 bones Sperm. Ada , and Tailow Candle*!
too keys Cut Nail*, all tiles, "
75 boxes Tobacco of varieus qualitiai,
85,*"r 1 lbs. Hams, Sides and Shouldem.
sack* Liverpool Sate. *
—ALSO—
Spice*. Pickles. Preserves Seyart, and all articlea uaualb
[ kept in the best Grocery House*.
Strict attention given to country orders.
■ aulS-w J. R. iW. M. DOW.
' 1 Mll.ll.vli (!LuTff», of warranted quahty, furmshad
; 1 » ami put up in botea to order.
j Mill Stone Platter, prepared for backing Mm Stones, chaap
i and of the best quality, for sale by
’ VSL SL BCHIRMER,
|(18 vtf AufuM,G*
WEEKLY
| CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
MISCELLANY.
WOOD-THOUGHTS.
Dreaming in the Nassau Forest*
As the noon crept by—
All that moved, the brown wood-linnet*,
Gnat*, and ant*—and 1—
All that spake, such sudden murmur*
As, from sylvan ground
IVake —and whisper—end then perish—
laker thought, than sound—
Came a sense of soft inviting,
Such as lift tire ey -s
Os the world's forgotten children
In a glad surprise.
Listen—dwellers in dank hedges—
Listen —city's poor—
Listen—toil-sick, wan mechanic—
Tauper—serf—and boor!
Greasy-batted—out at elbows—
All that can not win
Access to a prince's pictures, .
Here are mt'ne. Come in.
Nature guards this portal—never
Chut to miry shoes —
Show your heart—'tis written—“Peaceful''—
Pass—Where’er you choose.
Take the moss-throne she provide* you— .
Lift her inmost screens—
Dint her sacred carpel-—richer,
Softer than a queen'*,
You who lords have too much honored
With u saucy nod—
Stand-in His august creations—
Face to face with God,
Leaving then, take this memorial
Os one happy day—
lie that rules from giant forest
Down to tiny Jlay—
Breathes a welcome full as gracious,
Through these tonguele s things,
To your homely, rude assemblage—
As to troops of Kings;—
Fees, perhaps, in thoee poor faces,
Bright with serious joy,
Some tiling of man’s first expression—
Love without alloy,
Something too of that high future
That still tow’rd us rolls—
Bringing woods whose trees are temples,
Amt whose flowers, white souls. iilxet spicra.
The Battle or the Bees.— Galignani’a Messen
ger published in Baris, says a curious circumstance
occurred recently at (juilloville, in France. A
small farmer had in a field about two hundred and
fifty beehives, containing u vast number of bees.
He sent a tnau with a curt drawn by live horses,
to remove some earth from tho wall near which
tlie hives were placed. Tho carter having occasion
to go to the farm house, tied the horses to a tree.
Almost immediately after, a multitude of bees
either irritated at tli3 shaking of their hives by the
removal of tho earth from tiio wall, or excited by
the electricity with which tho atmosphere happen
ed to be charged, issued from their hives, as if in
obedience ton given signal, and with great fury
attacked tho horses. In an instant the poor ani
mals were entirely covered with bees from head to
foot; even their nostrils were Ailed with them.
When the carter returned ho found one of the
horses lying dead on tiie ground and tho others
rolling about furiously, llis cries attracted sever
al persons; one of them attempted to drive away
the bees, lmt they attacked linn and ho hail to
plunge into a pond, and even to place liis head un
der water for a few seconds in order to escape from
them. Tho cure ot Guillevillo also attempted to
approach the horses, but he too was put to flight
bj the enraged insects. At length too fire engines
were sent for, and by pumping on tiie bees a great
number were killed on the horses or put to flight.
The horses, however, v/ero so much injured that
they died in an hour. Tiie value of tho bees de
stroyed was 1,508 f., and of the horses 2,200 f. A
few days before bees from the same hives killed
seventeen goslings.
The good common-sense philosophy of the fol
lowing ought to do much toward reconciling the
reader to his lot; and, if duly pondered on, would
provojan effectual “stopper” to that gucrnlous and
impatient grumbling which is by far too common .
A Passing Thought. —Rothschild is forced to
content himself with tiie same sky as tiie poor
newspaper writer, and the great banker cannot
order u private sunset or add a ray to the magnifi
cence of night. The same air swells all lungs.—
Each one possesses really only his own thoughts
and liis own senses, soul and body—these are the
property which a man owns. All that is valuable
is to be had for nothing in tins world. Genius,
beauty and love are not bought and sold. You
.may buy a rich bracelet, but not a well turned
arm to wear it—a pearl necklace, but not a pretty
throat with which it shall vio. The richest blink
er on cartli would vainly offer a fortune to be able
to writd a verse like Byron. One comes iuto-the
world naked and goes out naked ; tiie difference
in the fineness of a bit of linen lor a shroud is not
much. Man is a handful of clay, which turns
quickly buck again into dtisi.
Polly Put the Kettle On. —One evening, Ma
dame Malibran ielt rather annoyed at tiie general
prejudice expressed by tiie company then present,
against all English vocal compositions, the opinion
being altogether in favor of foreign music; some
even going so far as to assert that nothing could
lie good of which the air was entirely and original
ly of English extraction. Malibran in vain endea
vored to maintain that all countries possess, though
peri laps in a less equal dogree, many ancient mel
odies, peculiarly tneir own; that nothing eould
exceed the beauty of tiie Scottish, Irish, Welch,
und even some of tiie aid English airs, bile then
named many compositions of tiie best modern
composers, bishop, Burnett, Lee, Horn, «sec.; de
claring her belief, that if she were to produce one
of Bishop’s or Horn’s ballads as the works of a
Signor Viscovo, or Cuerno, thus Italianizing and
Kspngnolizing the names, they would ereato a
furore. In the midst of this discussion she volun
teered a new Spanish song, composed as she said,
by Don Chocarrcrn. She commenced—the greatest
attention prevailed, she touched the notes lightly
introducing variations on repeating tiie spin phony,
and with u serious feeling, though a slight smile
might be traced on her lips, begau:
Maria traypa un caUero,
D aqua Llama lcvunte,
Maria pon tu caldero
Aymos nuestro te.
She finished—the plaudits resounded, and the
air was quoted at a further example how far
superior foreign talent was to English. Malibram
assented to ihe justice of their remarks, and
agreed to yield still moro to their argument if the
same air sung adagio should lie found equally
beautiful when played wresto. Tho parties were
agreed; when, to the positive consternation of all
present, and very much to the diversion of Mali
bran herself, tiie Spanisli melody, which she had
so divinely sung, was, on being played quick, in
stantly recognized us a popular English nursery
song, by no means of the highest order, shall we
shock our readers when wo remind them that
Maria trayga un caldero,
means, literally, “ l’olly put the kettle on!”
TnOMAS MOOItE BYW.o. batos.
The lyre of Music, Love and Heaven,
Has hushed its Anal chord,
From Erin’s quivering heart is riven
What cannot be restored ;
Tiie bard who sung her glorious years,
And sorrowed in her shame,
Has borne the harp to holier spheres
Which filled the world with fame.
Yet o’er their troubadour no moan
The trampled nation make.
And so 'tis meet the minstrel's tone
Should never more awake;
’Tis well, since he could uot inspire
Her old heroic glow,
He should return to heaven the lyre
That vainly plead below.
Railways in England. —From the annual state
ment of tho Railway Department of the English
Board of Trade, it appears that the increase in the
lines of railway during 1851 was not so great ns in
any one of tiie preceding years since 1-44. The
maximum increase was in IS4S, when 1,182 miles
were added to tho pre-existing lines. Since 1848
the increase has been diminishing. Only 209
were added in 1851. Tito extent of railway com
munication open for traffic in Great Britain nnd
Ireland, ut tho close of 1851, was 6,890 miles. Tiie
number of persons employed on railways in Eng
land on tiie ii-ith of June, 1851. was only 100,501.
being 197,22046*8 than at a corresponding period
in 1847. The capital of tho companies, raised by
share- and loans, at the end of 1851, amounted to
$240,270,786.
Threat to Swallow a Steam Boiler.—Twenty
seven years ago a committee in Hie House of Com
mons was appointed to examine into tiie state of
steam navigation. Lord Stanley (now the Earl of
Derby.) was chairman of that committee, and on
Mr. Robert Stoveiifion, the eminent engineer,
speaking ot the probability ot steam ships crossing
the Atlantic, Lord Stanley rose, from his seat and
exclaimed, “Good heavens ! what do you say ! If
steamships cross tho Atlantic, I w ill cat the boiler
of the first boat!”
Stati-tp-s of the British Post Office.— ln the
year ended the 15th January last, (as appears from
a return, lately issued) the gross post office revenue
was £2.422.16S 4s. Id. The cost of management
including pensions, was 51,804,163 12s. B%d. —
The net revenue was £1,118,004 16s. 4)yd. The
postage charge on the Government departments,
was £167,129 3s. 7d.: and the uct revenue, exclu
sive of charges on the Government departments,
was £50,875 7s. 9Jgd. The number of letters de
livered in the United Kingdom in 1839—the year
preceding the first general reduction of postage on
tho sth of December in that year—was ,5,907,572,
and last year tho number was 860,647,187—th0
largest number since the alteration.
* Frauds on the New York Custom IJorsE.—
Several frauds on the revenue by dealers in cigars,
have been lately discovered by the Custom House
officers. Three or moro kinds of cigars are im
ported, numbered 1,2, S, <£e., as to quality, and
of course, paying different rales pertnousaud, as
the prime cost may happen)o be. Tiie fraud was in
passing a lot, say 200,'”90 No. 1,200,000 No. 2, and
200,000 No. 8. b'v fictitious enumeration, as 100,000
No. 1, 100,000 "No. 2, and 400,000 No. S', thus get
ting half or more of the best cigars invoiced at the
t'ustom House, at the rate paid for the cheapest.
This would make a difference In the duty, on a
moderate importation, of several thousand dollars
per annnm. In consequence of this discovery, the
Collector has given orders to have all cigars exam
amined hereafter.
Lord Pier. e.—The friends of the Democratic
nominee for the Presidency represent that he is
one of “the nobility," being “a lineal descendant
of the family of Percy* and the Duke of Nor
thumberland.” This fact will, of course, excite
the 1 Vmoceag}' to tho mightiest exertions. tYhat
good Democrat would hesitate to give his ears and
his eves and his nose to elect Lord Pierce to the
Presidency of the United States I —PrntU*.
A London Correspondent of the Cincinnati Ga
rotte, closes his last letter thus : —“Tiie nomination
of Gen. Pierce has called forth an universal Amen
from the tree trade and anti-American part of the
British nation, and they predict his success by an
overwhelming majority. We’ll set.
Imtroved Firearm.-.— The editor of the Hart
ford Conrant describes ft new pistol patented by-
Mr Christian Sharp, the inventor of the celebra
ted rifle. It is a rifle pistol, light and compact,
but of great power, »nd Arc.- with remarkable ex
actness. The target was pierced at a distance ot
SOO sards, and we bavo no doubt tiie pistol would
do execution at a much greater distance. Though
not a revolver, it can be fired with great repiditv.
The inventor slates that seven shots can be .made
in less time than tiie same number with Colt a pis
tol. though for a few shot* the latter would have
the advantage. Attaeiftd to it i* sharps patent
primer, one oftho simplest, yet most effective in
ventions ever made for this purpose. It never
(ails in wiiatevcr position the piste! may bo placed.
A Y’axxee Knife. —The editor of the Boston
Post says that a newly invented Jo2cn-likv.lcdkr.ile
lias been made by a’ yaukee cutler, which iias in
addition to its blades, a cork-screw, a bodkin, a
hair brush, and a boot jack, beside a season ticket
to the theatre.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 11, 1852.
Glass Making.
The following ar.icie, which appeared originally
J in the New York Herald, will be found to contain
! inueli interesting information which will well repay
I a perusal.
The invention of glass is one of the rarest pre
sent* Providence Im- bestowed on man. Science
and genius here lay no claim: and we are not of
tho school which w'ould ascribe to chance the merit
of an invention destined by the Almighty to be of
sueii service to his erea'urcs. It is now impossible
to trace it to its origin ; it seems almost as old as
the keen aild brilliant obsidian—that volcanic glass
which the fire belching mountains have been form
ing since the world began. Egyptian hierogly
phics, coeval, it is thought, with" the descent ot
Jacob'- family to the Nile, represent the process of
glass blowing. Beads have been found engraven
with tiie name of the monarch whom moderns
make the Pharaoh cf tiie Exodus, while those vast
receptacles of the dead which cover both Upper
and Lower Egypt, furnish from their mummy casts,
vases, wine bottles, drinking cups, and trinkets of
glass.
Ceming, then, to the period of Looks, the oldest
of ail—Job. written in tnc deserts ot Arabia—com
pares it with gold; and Hebrew scholars find allu
sions to glass vessels ill tiie book- of Moses. This
does not fix tiie period of liis invention, but it ex
plodes the fable by w hich I'liny accounts for its in
vention. “A merchanta'iip,” says he, “laden with
natron, being driven on the coast ut the mouth of
tiie Beius in tempestuous weather, the crew were
compelled to cook their victuals ashore ; and Lav
ing pieced lump- of natron on tho sand, tosupport
their kettles, found to their surprise masses of
transparent stone among the cinders. The sand of
this small stream ol' Galilee, which runs from the
foot of Mount Carmel, was in consequence sup
posed to posses a peculiar virtue for making glass,
and continued foi ages to be sought alter and ex
ported to distant countries forthis purpose.” It is
a fact that glass was at a very early date known to
tiie Phoenicians, and for a long time constituted an
article of trade peculiar to that people’, as the in
gredients—nitre, sand nnd lime—abound upon
their coast. Natron, a kind of soda, is obtained
from the waters of many lakes in that country,
and takes its name from the lake “Natron.”
According to Piiuy ih*J Strabo, the glass works
of Sidon and Alexandria wore famous down to
their davs, for tiie beautiful articles which they
produced, cut, engraved, gilt, and stained of the
most brilliant colors, so as to rival precious stones.
Other glass liictories were then in successful opera
tion in Gaul, Italy and Spain, and drinking cups of
glass had at Rome entirely superseded those of
metal, as they could be bad at eveiy priee, ranging
from a cent to thousands of ..oilars.
Numerous specimens of beautiful gloss vessels
have reached ns, principally tho spoils of Hercula
neum and Pompeii. Tiie Museo Borbonieo, at
Naples, alone contains 2,40(9 specimens. Tiie most
beautiful of all arc, however, tiie celebrated Port
land vase, now in tlio British museum, which,
when discovered in a tomb near Rome, was long
considered by antiquaries to he a real -ugdonvx,
and a cup in the possession of the Trivulsi family.
Tho former is of dark blue glass, with tiie delicate
relievos in white enamel; the latter as a cup df
all tho liues of opul, set in a sort of net work of
blue glass, and connected with it by stems of glass,
while aiound tiie rim in relievo of green glass, are
the words “ Bcbe, vivas multcs aunoa.” From
marks on it, there can be no doubt but that the
whole was not east, but cut out of a solid mass.
Two cups, apparently like this, were presented to
tho Emperor Adrien by an Egyptian priest.
Tiie uses to which glass may be applied are
various, and require different modes of prepara
tion. Tlio chief are glass ware, window glass,
looking glasses, and we may add, building glass.
Os tiie use of glass vessels, we bavo already spoken.
Window glass was not unknown to the Romans,
in tlio topedurum of the public baths at Pompeii;
a bronze lattice came to light, with some of the
panes still inserted in the frame, and showing the
manner in which they were -enured. Tlio gluss
must have been blown by methods analagous to
those now in use. Gia-s windows must have
been, however, very rare, as pure transpar
ent glass was extremely expensive. Instead of
glass, windows were generally glazed with thin
sheets of mica, or horn—glass' having come into
general use only siuco tiie fifioonth century. Du
ring the Crusades tlio Venetians studied tho pro
cess of glass working in tlio factories of tlio East,
and introduced it into Europe. Nor is the only
benefit derived from there much decried expedi
tions. The culture of silk also passed over to
Venice, and thence to France, during liie.se ex
peditionSj to which wo arc also indebted for the
introduction of tlio sugar cane, several domestic
animals, and many fruit trees and medicinal plants.
On their return from Asia, tiie Venetians found
ed a glass factory on the island of Murano, near Ve
nice; and this establishment Ims continued its
operations to our days. It was at this factory that
tlio art of silvering was discovered, by winch a
simple amalgam of mercury and tin transforms
the plate of glass into a polished mirror, which no
rust can dim. Tlio factories of Sidon had never at
tained this—a thin plate of metal covered with
glass was their nearest approach; hut these were
not oateemod. Tho mirrors of the ancients were
of polished metal—brass, steel, silver, or some
composition found better suited to their purpose.
For four centuries Venice enjoyed tlio monopoly
of glass mirrors, and supplied" all Europe; lmt in
1665, Colbert, tiie groat Minister of Louis XIV.,
determined to enrich France by tins beautiful art.
He. attracted workmen from Venice by tiie promise
of great privileges, nnd founded the royal mirror
factory, which soon surpassed Murano "itself, and
lias since remained unrivalled. Then, however,
tiie glass for mirrors was blown, as bottles are
still, and tiie size was consequently very much
limited, in 168 S, Abraham Thevurd invented the
method of casting plate glass in tiie same way that
iron is east. This has been of tiie greatest moment
in tlio manufacture of mirrors, wliicli soon begun
to increase in size, so that we now have looking
glasses fifteen feet high. For a century, France
supplied Europe and America with looking glasses;
but the Reign of Terror, and t lio massacres of the
first revolution, having ruined the factories, and
annihilated tho commerce of France, many work
men went over to England, where the first Britisli
factory of looking glass plates was founded in
1798. It is too common a plan to uscribc tiie trans
migration of tiie industrial brunettes ot France to
tiie revocation of the edict of Nantz, as the key to
explain cvciything. But. here exaggeration lias
played its parts —the million of exiles for con
science sake, whom Voltaire makes the burthen of
liis charges dwindle down under tlio accurate
statistical research of the Duke dc Noailios, and
other members of the French Academy, to about
two hundred thousand. This is undoubtedly lur
too many. But Cromwell, in one year, shipped
off at least ono-fonrth of that number from Ire
land ; and that unfortunate country loses now,
every year, by forced emigration, more than the
reign of Louis XiV. lost for France; and tho
legislation of England in the one ease, is far more
oppressive and insidious than that of Franco in
tiie other. Revolutions have ruined industry in
France, more than intolerance. We have seen tiie
result of that of 1789. That of 1830 decided
many of tiie workers in g'ass to emigrate to Bel
gium, where a factory of looking glasses was soon
opened.
There arc now six factories in England, one in
Belgium, and a number of little ones in Germany;
but French plate glass has nobly sustained its old
renown, and like French silks and French wines,
stands at the head oftho line. For tiie last twenty
years, the Royal Factory of St. Goiiain, and tlio
manufacture of Cirey, have a common agency and
depot at New York, nnd this establishment sup
plies the Union with looking glasses and plate glass.
Tho use of large mirrors has become milch more
fashionable among us; and in fact there is no finer
decoration for our saloons. Tiie retail stores have
made immense advances by the use of plate glass,
and we need but walk along Broadway, to see how
generally it lias replaced the old fashioned win
dows.
American industry has not vet been seriously
turned to this manufacture, and importation from
France, England and Germany supply all that is
sold in tho United States. Tho fact "is that vast
capital and consummate skill are required to bring
to perfection the varied operations which trans
form into a splcdid mirror the rough plate of glass,
which, as in the iron trade, we might call pig
glass. The grinding, the polishing, and tho sil
vering, require costly machinery, great ability to
prevent breakage, and a vast expenditure of mo
•ney.
This is not the case with common window glass;
which is now successfully manufactured on a
largo scale, at Boston, Pittsburgh, Baltimore and
in the State of New Jersey. Venice also furnished
tho first panes of window glass, and in tho fif
teenth century, the kings of France, wishing to en
courage this branch of industry, ennobled all who
were employed in the manufacture, and granted
them extensive privileges. Long after, the gen
tleman glass workers never worked but with a
sword at their side. Tiie window-glass manufac
ture was first begun in England in 1557, in Cruteli
ed Friars, London, and in 1635 tho art received
a great improvement from Sir Robert Monse’.l, by
tiie use of coal fuel of wood; but within
the last few years French plate glass has supersed
ed the use ot common window-glass in tiie man
sions und dwelling houses in the fine quarters of
New York, and our other great cities. It is, in
deed, dearer; but the plates are so thick, and the
glass so pure, that they last forever; while cylin
der or crown-glass breaks or becomes rusty and
opaque after a lew years’ uso.
Another use of glass is, in rolling, for sky lights,
and also in side-walks and floors, to turn base
ments to advantage. Rough glass, for sky-lights
and glass-titles, of one or two inches, are" manu
factured in France, mid are in great demand here.
With some openings in the floors, covered by
these titles, dark basements eau now bo used, ev
en in retail trade, which were formerly fit only as a
place to store empty boxes and discarded furni
ture.
But we have lately seen glass, fragile as it is, put
to a new uso—that of building. The walls of some
of our salo*ns have, of late years seemed made
ol glass ; and as far back as the days of Solomon,
rabbinnieal stories tell us of a chamber in tiie
palace of that monach paved with blocks of clear,
transparent glass, under which flowed a canal fall
! of fish, so that it seemed a pond. But coming to
1 more authentic sources, we know that glass en
tered extensively into the Roman mosiacs, and
that in blocks of various colors it formed the ma
terial of many of their tessclated pavements.
Thick sheets of glass, of various colors, were also
attached to the wails and eelings of apartments ;
auJ in the year 55 before Christ, Scaurus decora
j ted in tiiis way a compartment or tier in his gor
! fft-ons theatre. In the modern consevatories or
j green houses, glass is the chief material; hut not
; til! tiie erection of the Crystal Palace had we seen
i a whole structure, of any extent, raised of sheets
of glass.
I ,® u . arc many usess of glass, to which, if we
; add its employment- in optical and philosophical
apparatus, we cannot but thank the Almighty for
i teaching man to transform the apparently worthless
j sand and soda into a material so brilliant, trans
j parent and useful that the poets of all days have
made it the theme of their most beautiful coin
[ pansons—and even the inspired prophet employs
j it ogmu and again in his description of the hea
venly Jerusalem, “A sea of glass like erystal is
before the throne of Godand, farther on, “tiie
•** es God stand on this sea of glass mingled
with fire,” and “the city itself is of pare gold,
use to dear glass, and th’c streets as it were trans
parent glass."
A Death.—We learn through private sources
that on the 15th mst.,l!rs. Lewis, aladv not more
distinguished for her uncommon endowments of
intellect than for the historical reminiscences at
t-ichcd !o her family, died at Audley Clarke county
Mrs. Lewis's maiden name was Eleanor Perkc
Curtis. She was a daughter of John Parke Curtis,
only son ot Mrs. Martha Washington, by her first
marraige with Daniel Parke Cue tis, of Virginia.
“*• Lewis s husband was Lawrence Lewis, of
Woodlawn, Fairtax county, Va. He was one
of Gen. u ashingtou's executors, and son of the
General’s only sister.
Mp. Lewis was born on the 81st of March 1779.
Me leaves an onlv daughter, Mrs. Frances Parke
* .i r ’ * ife »fOol. E. G. W. Butler, of the parish
or loervdic, in this State; also a sister, Mrs.
Thomas Peter, of Tudor Pi~«?, D. C.; and an only
brother, George Washington Parke Oustis, of
Arlington House, Va. Mrs. Martha Washington,
it may be remembered, was of the old Calvert
lamilv, and a direct descendant of the celebrated
Lord Baltimore.— Piiaauru.
The most beautiful may be the most admired
and caressed, but tiny are not always the most es
teemed and loved.
EDUCATIONAL.
Emory College Commencement.
Is the absence of our own Correspondent.’* Let
ter, which we had hoped to have received ere this,
fumi-diing a sketch of the Commencement Ex
ercises at Oxfoijl, we gladly avail ourselves of
the following account communicated by a Caro
linian to the .Sootier* Christian Advocate. Whieh
we feel tho more pleasure in transferring to our
columns because the writer cannot be suspected
to be influenced in Lis impressions by any local
considerations or feelings of State pride:
A TRIP TO OXFORD, OA.
brother 117;// 'man. —After reading in the South
ern Christian Advocate your notice of the approach
ing Commencement Exercises, at Emory College,
we resolved to attend, and form for ourselves an
opinion in regard to tiie merits of that Institution,
and tiie claims it has upon Southern Methodism
for Support. We arrived in tiie rural and lovely
village of Oxford, on tiie 17th in»t., and stopped
at the hotel of our old Abbeville friend—Major
Harper. Soon after we sailed forth and met our
much-loved fricn-’., Professor Means, who cave us
a hearty shake of the hand, and extended to ns a
real Georgian invitation lo his hospital mansion,—
an invitation whicli was not to be gotten around,
“ without,” to quoth his own word.., “ doing vio
lence to his own feelings.” This wus accepted,
and the only unpleasant moment we experienced,
during our sojourn, was occasioned in- parting
with that kind, interesting, and intelligent family.
God grant that the valuable life of Professor
Mi ails may long be spared to bless liis family, tiie
Church, and tiie colleges with which Lis name is
associated.
lin Sabbath morning we heard tiie commence
ment sermon of tho Rev. Dr. G. F. l’ioree, which
was a masterly effort, worthy of tlio preacher, und
of Ids reputation. His venerable father was sit
ting at liis feet, drinking in the full fruition of
gospel truth as it flowed from the lips ot the elo
quent son, und frequently did tho cup of liis en
joyment flow over, and tiie exclamation of “Glory
be to God” as it came from his lips, was heard uil
over the house. \Ye almost envied him liis situa
tion; at least we thought tin l if we were similarly
siuiiited we could have exclaimed in the sincerity of
honest hearts, “Now, Lord lettest thou thy servant
partin peace." In the afternoon the father preach
ed, and we could then realize why it was that the
son was bo great a man—“like father like sou.”
Tiie standard of true pulpit eloquence will have
ascended to its zenith in Georgia, when that of the
tiie two Pierces is rivalled. On Monday evening
we heard tiie prize Declamations from several of
the members of the Sophomore class, and while
the whole was creditable, in the language of Go
vernor Gilmer, who awarded the prizes, “ rery
creditable,” the committee found it necessary to
assign them to Messrs. McDaniel, Tebeau and
Dawson. On Tuesday morning we heard twelve
original speeches J'rotu as many members of the
junior class, allot vvhioii were highly creditable—
some of them even elegant, when wo consider the
age of tiie speakers, and tho circumstances under
which they were delivered. Two of them very
amusing, the one—“ Old Bachelors! Cui be.no /”
and the—“ Old Bachelors! Pro buno Puliico."
That ancient and honorable class of gentlemen
vv ire handled ratiicrroughly by botli of the speak
ers, indeed, wo hardly knew whether Scyilu or
Charybdis was tho most to lie dreaded. On Tues
day evening, Dr. Hutchison of Oglethorpe, de
livered an address to tiie Alumni of the College,
and at night, L. Q. C. Lamar, Esq., ol Covington,
addressed the Library Societies. Botli of these
addresses were finished productions, and added
much to the entertainment of the literary feast.
On Wednesday morning the stage was occupied
by the Graduating Class, some twelve of whom
delivered original Orations on subjects of a high,
moral and religions bearing, proving conclusively
that the heart, us well as tho head, lud been at
tended to during their Collegiate pupilage. Whilst,
as a whole, the Graduating Class acquitted them
selves w ith great credit in reference to the subjects
discussed, as well as the manner of discussing
them, some of them exceeded anything of the
kind we have ever witnessed—indeed it was good
tobctliore. The honors of the institution were
conferred upon Messrs. Starr, <>rr, Mosley, Bass,
and Turner, whilst no dishonor whatever attached
to any of the remaining members of the class.
Wo nuderstamd that there were almost twenty
graduates.
Tiie Degrees wore conferred by the President,
whose Baccalaureate exceed anything of the kind
we had remembered, it fell to the lot of Governor
Gilmer to address tiie Sophomore prize Declaim
jers, and it could not have fallen into better bauds.
Tho Governor was very happy in bis classical al
lusions, indeed tiie address was a finished produc
tion, and was well worthy of tiie man whose wife
is one among tlio most gifted, accomplished, and
interesting ladies in the State of Georgia. She
was there, and added much to tho occasion. By
this time the audience had heard between forty
and fifty speeches, the weather was quite warm,
end it might well bo supposed that under ordinary
circumstances, the literary and scientific appetite
had been fully gratified; but no, another speecli
had to be made which was tlio great crowning ef
fort of tlio occasion. This address which was de
livered to the Few and Phi Gramma Societies,
was made hy the Hon. A. H. Stephens, of Georgia,
u gentleman of high moral, li'erary and political
reputation, but a man against whom" an unmerited
prejudice exists in this State. Our opinion of Mr.
Stephens was high, but we confess mingled with a
little prejudice before we inudo liis acquaintance,
but having been intimately associated with him for
four or five days, wo parted with him not only di
vested of tiie prejudice referred to, but with a feel
ing of admiration. His address told upon the au
dience, every word of it, und ho could have held
the rivited attention of his audience for a half
dozen hours. Tiie address is to be published, und
will speak for iisclf..
In conclusion, wo will remark that Oxford is no
ordinary place. There is a moral, religious, litera
ry and scientific atmosphere pervading that com
munity, rarely to he found. Tiie Professors would
do honor to its European name-sake, and the Insti
tution is a model one—just what such an Institution
ought to be. •Abbeville.
Bishop Andrews, in a letter to the same Jour
nal, thus alludes to tlio Oration of Mr. Stephens :
“And then, as the last dish in this literary re
past, we had an admirable address from A. y.
•Stephens, Esq., one of our representatives in Con
gress. The services hud been so protracted that I
loured tho orator could not hold tlio audience; but
i was mistaken; tlio crowd remained, as if spell
bound, to the close of one of tiie most able and
appropriate addresses that 1 l ave: ever listened to
on a similar oerasion. Its theme was what is ne
cessary to a ymWg man's success iu life ; liis ad
vices were eminently practical, delivered with great
clearness, and eloquently illustrated and impro
ved by appropriate references to tiie great men,
especially of our own country. Upon tlio whole,
our distinguished representative lias lost nothing
in reputation by his visit to our lovelv little wood
land village. At tiie close of tins address, the con
gregation was dismissed with the benediction, nnd
the crowd dispersed.”
Wc subjoin tho list of the graduating class und
the Programme of the Exercises.
eoa.MENCEMr.NT HAY.
John AY. Starr, F. S., 5 ' Oak Bowery, Ala., Ist Hon
or, Sslutary—Party Spirit.
Sam’l. W. Antony, F.S., Macon, Ga.—The Moral
Influence of Memory.
Tiios. A. Brovvn, F. S., Newton Co., Ga.—True
Worth.
Rob't. A. Heard, P. G. S.,t Greenville, Ga.—Love
of Letters.
John B. Davis, P. G.S., Newton Co., Ga.—A Pure
Nationality.
McCormick Neal, F. S., Covington, Ga.—Nature’s
Nobleman.
Alexander F. Hill, P.G.S., Greenville, Ga.—Taste.
Henry T. Heard, P. G. S., LaGrange, Ga.—Womah
—her Affection and Influence.
Sam’l. M. H. Byrd, F. S., DeKalb Co., Ga.—The
Wane of tho Crescent. *
John W. Turner, F. S., Covington, Ga.,2d Honor.
—Emigration—its Evils and their Antidote.
Wm.C. Bass, P. G. S., Abbeville Dist., S. C., 2d
Honor. —Claims of Society upon the Educated.
Anderson M. Orr, F. S., Jackson Co., Ga., Ist
. Honor.
“The drying up a single tear has mere •
Os holiest fame, tlian shedding seas of gore.
Valedictory to tlio Trustees, Faculty and Audience.
Wm. M. Motley, F\ S., Macon Co., Ala., Ist Hon
or.—ldolatry" of Genius.—Valedictory to the Pre
sident and Class.
An address to the Sophomore Prize Declaimors,
by lion. Geo. R. Gilmer.
An Address to tiie Few nnd Phi Gamma Socie
ties at 4P. M., by Hon. Alexander 11. Stephens. •
*F. B.—Few Society. #
445 ti. B.—Phi Gamma Society.’
Frtfnlilin College Commencement.
Wc copy from the Athens Herald , of Thursday
morning, sth inst., tho following account of the
Commencement at Franklin College :
Commencement Week.— The exercises pertain
ing to tlio annual Commencement in tlio State
University began on Sabbath morning, when tiie
Rev. Mr. Slmnklin, of Maeon, delivered a practi
cal, beautiful and well timed Commencement Ser
mon—distinguished alike for its wholesome doc
trines, graceful imagery, chaste and beautiful dic
tiou, and more especially its high-toned piety.
His remarks to the graduating class were particu
larly felicitous and apposite.
On Monday afternoon, the Sophomore Prize De
elaimers appeared before a large auditory, and ac
quitted themselves with great credit. The follow
ing was the order of the exercises :
Edward N. Brown, Warren county, Ga.—Justice
to the whole cojntry. — Webster.
Willis J. Gorham, Hamilton, Ga.— I The Crimin
ality of Duelling.- -Dr. bo/t.
LeKoyNapier, Maeon,Ga—Bienzi’s address to
the Romar.3. —Mies ilitfford.
Jqhii 11. Hull, Athens, Ga.—The established
Church and Catholic Ireland. — Anruenepnemt.
Philip B. Robertson, Burke county, Go.—Non-
Intervention. —boheri Tumid’*■
John 11. Etheridge. Monroe county, Ga.—The
Glorious Uncertainty of Law.— Steren.
The mas J. Bern', Ncwnan, Ga.—Ashland.—A.
E. Ca meron.
Thomas W. Walker, Clinton, Ala.—The Exclu
sive System.— Philips. _
P. H. S.. Gayle, Montgomery, Ala.—V indication
of South Carolina.— MrD’’pie.
T. M. Daniel, Danielsvilie, Ga.—Oregon Bill.—
M-Um. 7. „ , .
W. D. Warren, Monroe county, Ga.—Abobtiou
of Flogging in the Navy.— Skcaon.
Madison L. Lenoir. Gwinnett county, Ga.—
Value of the National Union.— l!. P. Man’jum.
W. H. Hull, Athens, Ga.—Eulogy on Clay.—
Jere Gemtn*. _
D. E. B. Hamilton, Cass eonnty, Ga.—Clay on
the Expunging Resolutions.
On Tuesday morning, the Junior Exhibition
catne off, and was attended by a vast crowd of
spectators. The following was the order of exer
tl John S. Baxter. Athens, U.u*-Thc Military Spirit
of the Country. , ‘
George T. bumea, Augusta, G»—Prospects of
Liberty in Europe. *
ltobcrt N. Howard, Bussell county, Ala.—“ The
Old Guard of Napoleon. ’ . •
A. Met ulloeli, Early county Ga.—Poland.
James Marks, Montgomery, Ab.—Elements of
our National Perpetuity.
Valerias C. Mus'U, Auburn, Ala.—The Elo
quence of the French bcvoJution.
J. 1). Waddel, Greensboro', Ga.—Mansfield and
Marshall.
John B. Gordon, Gordon Springs, Ga.—Henry
(I,IV.
Where all acquitted themselves so well, it would
be invidious to draw comparisons; but some of
them of course excelled others. No one, however,
need feel ashamed of bis part in the performance.
After the young gentlemen had finished their
orations, the Kev. Mr. Binnv, of Augusta, pre
sented the Prize Medals—the frst to Mr. P. H. 6.
Gayle aDd the second to Mr. W. IL Hull—accom
panying the presentation with s oeautiful and ap
propriate address to the Sophomore dcelaimer*.
On Wednesday, Commencement Day, the yonng
gentlemen of the" graduating class appeared in the
i olio wing order:
Leßoy W. Hayes, (2d honor) Athena—Latin
Salutatory.
John B. Bespess, (Excnacdy t'paon county.—
Originality.
John A. Comer, Maeon.—Tito Irish Patriot.
John F. Douglass, LaGrange.—Hungary.
John B. McGehee, (Excused) Houston countv.—
Pericles.
Samuel W. Bowen, (3d honor) Savannah.—^“Joys
we have tasted.”
Joseph G. Blount, Jones eonnty.—lnfluence of
circumstances upon tiie development of character.
Josiah L. Warren, (Excused) Houston county.—
War of 1812.
Wi'.liarft E. Eppes, Tallahassee, Fla Aristocracv
in America.
Andrew M. Jones, (2d honor) Liberty county.—
American Eloquence.
W. A. Warren, (4th honor; Excused,) Cave
Spring.—Enthusiasm.
Anderson- W. Reese, Athens.—Ponce DeLeon;
his Search for tho Fouutaiu of Youth.
Nathaniel J. Hammond, (Ist honor) CuHoden.—
Geology not repugnant to Christianity.
James A. Ilill, (Excused) Houston county.—
Character of a Reformer.
William H. Waddel, (Ist honor) Athens.—
Valedictory to Trustees and Facility.
John McMillan, ( Excused) Houston county.—
American Poetry.
James L. Heard, (Excused) Elbert county.—
“ Hope, for a season,' bade the world farewell.
And Freedom shrieked when Kosciusko fell! ”
Young J. Anderson, (Ist honor) Laurens county.
—Valedictory to Audience.
All acquitted themselves with distinguished
credit, and many of them, wc think, givo prom
ise of future usefulness. Wo huvo not been fur
nished with a list of those on whom degrees were
conferred.
This morning, at 10 o’clock, the Hon. William
H. Stiles will deliver tho Annual Address before
tiie Literary Societies.
• Corrapemdmce of the Chronicle eb Sentinel.
Madison Female College Commencement.
Mb. Editor : — While others arc chronicling tiie
deeds of the “Great Captain,” and shouting the
victories of Mexican heroes, it is pleasant to vary
tho picture occasionally with the literary triumphs
of the fair daughters of Georgia. In deciding
their merits wo shall certainly be calmer than on
battle-fields, since no limb is exposed however
much tiie heart may lie ondiuigerod. There, too,
wo shall be less partial than political partisans,
since uono of tho ladies are candidates for tho
Presidency, however we may suspect them of
canvassing for Matriiiiony. I huvo lutely been a
looker on in Venice, and will givo you what I saw
and heard at the Madison Female College.
The examination began on Monday the 27th of
July, before a large and intelligent board of visi
tors, and was conducted for two days and a half
in tlio most thorough uffd scrutinising manner.
Every one was struck witii the fairness of the tests
to which the young ladies were subjected. Tho
whole was conducted in reference to the merit of
tho student and not for tiie eclat of tlio Professors.
The Examinors were fully satisfied that no triek
was used to impose upon them an unfair exhibi
tion of scholarship. Tlio fact that such tilings
have been done, litis created a general suspicion
in the minds of the people, and lead the Professors
the other way and made them unnecessarily strict.
If any iault was to bo found, it wus more iu the
particularity of those who examined than in tho
deficiency of those examined. You need not sup
pose tiiis designed as an apology for failure, but it
is the proof of the confidence the faculty had in
their clusses, and well did they sustain their in
structors. Justice compels the admission, tliul
the young ladies equal our College boys in their
hardest studies and surpass them in the lighter
branches. Few classes ever appoar sobriliantas
those who recited the Evidences of Christianity,
Rhetoric and Mental Philosophy. It is true,
Ancient Languages, Natural Science and Mathe
matics are not taught as extensively as in institu
tions for young men, but they are taught us far as
useful to tho female character. It was indeed an
interesting sight to witness the rapid performances
of these beautiful Mathematicians. Euclid and
Legendre never seemed like poetry until worked
out wi tlx fair hands and demonstrated witii sweet
voices. You must not suppose there were no fail
ures, for that would make them superior to men.
There were some who, like other students I have
seen, were not at homo in every calculation, but
their blushes and sometimes tears made you be
lieve it was more the diffidence oftho female than
the confusion of the scholar. When too, it is re
membered that each one had to pass tiiis test on
tho platform, in tho presonco of a largo congrega
tion, it is wonderful how well they succeeded ;
acquitting themselves ns Mathematicians in Bpito
of tho previous infidelity of tlio “lords of creation.”
If these same “lords of creation” were drawtutp
before such a crowd for mathematical demonstra
tions, half of them would declare tlio “black-board”
green and Euclid stupid. I understand tiie Faculty
intend to enlarge tiiis part of the courso nnd give
onr fair competitors a better chance to prove their
powers lo figure. Lot boys look out.
Madison College is now fully manned in tho
Board of Instruction. Four Professors, boside
tlio Principal of tho Preparatory Deportment, de
vote themselves entirely to tho College. Tlio Pre
sident, Rev. L. L. Wittieli, had au extensive rep
utation for teaching before tho Institution was
founded, and lias sustained it admirably. He is
certainly in his place now,and few can equal him
either in touching or governing. Ilis associates,
Rev. Joseph 11. Echols, Rev. Joseph S. Key,
and Mr. W. D. Williams, arc all men of character
and talent. With a largo and commodious edifice,
a good apparatus, and such a Faculty, Madison Fe
male College must succcgd.
Tlio Musical Department is under tlio care of Mr.
George C. Taylor, assisted by Miss Robinson. His
system is to teach by classes, and lie bus succeeded
better than any of his predecessors. Os this wo
had ample opportunity to judge. Every hour we
were hailed witii a song or refreshed with an elo
quent piece on the violin and piano. But tho Concert
given by the Pupils, on Wednesday night, fully
sustained tho wishes and expectations- of their
friends. No one eould witness tho correctness es
time, the delicacy of touch, and tho taste »f the
performances, without admitting Mr. Taylor a mas
ter in his profession. Long may ho continue to
send forth from MadisoD Calliope, and her sisters
to cheer tho homos of Georgia.
Tho ornamental part of the course is superin
tended by Miss Anna E. Robinson. There was a
beautiful exhibition of painting, drawing and nco
dlo work. Tho walls of the Chapel and the pillars
were decorated with the skill of these young art
ists. Many of these were well designed and finely
executed—occasionally yon met a riclt ottoman,
decorated with a dog and a flower-pot filled with
exotics, or a drawing l eprcsonting a serenade by
water, without a boat. The gallery did not present
anything equal to the Vatican or Palaoe—but it
was the studio of young Genius, where the first
peneillings give promiso, if not of an Angelo, at
least of au artist.
, In my next, you shall have my criticism on tho
Compositions of tha Junior and Senior Classes,
and u description ot Commencement Day.
Madison Female College Commencement.
It lias been well said that a nation'* or a people's
character for refinement may be best judged by in
quiring into the nature of their gala days. With
the Georgians, the Commencements of their litera
ry institutions have become periods of relaxation
from toil, friendly greetings, and festive pleasure.
Instead of attending circuses, masquerades, balls,
parties, routes and assemblies, woof late And our
citizens, the young and the ola, the grave and the
gay, lias f ening to pay their devoirs to the votaries
of seisnee; and in its temple greeting with en
couraging smiles those who have toiled long to
win “ the gold of thought,” and at last are bidding
an adieu to their Alma Maters, and stepping forth
upon the theatre of active life.
Another of these happy seasons, so often chron
icled by us, has como and passed. The Commence
ment Sermon at the Madison Female College was
preached by Rev. Mr. Connor, on Sunday, July
25th, from the text, “ Mary hath chosen the heller
part." The spacious chapel was well tilled by an
attentiveflirfd interested throng. On Monday' the
Examination began and continued until Wednesday
eve. The young ladies answered with great readi
ness the questions asked, and proved conclusively
that they liad diligently improved their time, and
received from their teachers careful mental train
ing.
The Juniors read their compositions on Wedne
evening. Their themes were well chosen, and
their thoughts happily arranged. We hayo not
space to individualize, and point ont the merits of
each. Suffice to say, none were destitute of merit:
and they were not only well written, but well
read. The graduating class of 1853 will be worth
hearing, judging by the Juniors of 1652.
The concert at night passed off well, the inter
est of the occasion being heightened (to us) by
the appearance of Master Rossini Taylor, (a son of
the musical Professor) aged 6 years. Such a Lili
putian musician is not often seen.
Commencement opened with prayer and music.
Miss Ann E. Johuson, read the “ Salutatory —The
South—her liteary prospects.” Miss Lavmia A.
Swinney, descanted upon “ The Power of Mind."
Miss Martha A. Fannin, after evincing some timidi
ty, acquitted herself admirably, and read an ex
cellent piece upon the thought, “1 would not be
a child again. Miss Ann A. Kimbrough, read
an article upon “Selfishness.” Miss Emilv T.
Moore, upon “ Toe Power of Association.” Miss
Mildred O. yVest, “ Style.” Miss Louisa L. Mor
gan, “ Books.” Miss Helen L. Jones, “The Harp
of Memory.” Mias Jane C. Robson, “Coming
events cast their shadows before.” Mias I)yo
nitia Starke, declared that
He th»t hath no silver on his tongue,
Should have silver in his purse.
Miss Rebecca Latimer, read in a clear and beantiful
ly modulated voice, an ossay on “ Poetry—its
practical nature and moral tendency,” and gave
the Valedictory to the Trustees and Faculty. She
was followed by Miss Virginia Wray, who spoke
of the “Battle of Life,” and gave an affecting
Valedictory to her class.
The degrees were afterwards conferred, the
Graduating Song sung, and a literary address de
livered by Hon. W. IL Felton. The latter will be
published, and, we hope, extensively circulated.—
Visitor.
Correspondence of Chronicle <t Sentinel.
Commencement at Yah; College.
New Haven, JtLV 30, 1552.
Mr. Editor: Being on a tour of observation
through the northern portion of our country, and
thinking that items of travel might prove interest
ing to the readers ofyonr paper, I have determined
to send yon a few, leaving it at yonr'discretion to
receive or reject them as you may deem best.
Having left Augusta for the purpose of being
present at the Commencement exercises of Vale
College I arrived in this beautiful city on Monday
last, and even at that early day found the place
overflowing with strangers from all portions of
the land. It seemed as if old Yale was a mighty
magnet, attracting from extreme points her nu
merous sons whom she had sent forth from time to
time; for betels, private boarding houses and
even private houses were filled with visitors. On
Wednesday the meeting of the Alumni was held
under the capacious canvass stretched on the
green. The meeting was extremely interesting,
for it was a re-union of those who had walked to
gether in years gone by through the halls of learn
ing, and now, after a separation of -many years,
Had again met to join hands and welcome each
other once more around their Alma Mater. The
fliost conspicuous among tlio Alumni were those
of the class of 1802, who met to hold their semi
centennial meeting. Though many summers had
passed over their heads, they still looked as if fifty
more might yet bo seen. •Numerous speeches
were made on the occasion by members of differ
ent classes, nnd were received with high feelings
ot gratifleation. Among the speakers was Prof.
Siiliman, who in the courso of his remarks spoke
of tho ladies. Ho referred to tho fact that the
degreo of Mistress of Arts was now conferred by
femaio colleges, lie thought it would be better to
prefix “ lie” before nrts, as ladies are undoubtedly
“ Mistress of Hearts,” and that tho host diploma
possible to be conferred on woman, was a happy
household and an honored and respcctod husband.
At night, a meeting of tho Phi Beta Kappa Soci
ety wus held in one of tho churches on the Green,
for tho purposo of listening to an oration from
E. W. Whipple, Esq., and a poem from Rev. Mr.
Pierpont. ’Tis useless forme to say that both wore
good, especially tho production of Mr. Whipplo.
liis subject wasttio “ English Mind,” whoso qual
ities lie showed up in their true light and in a
masterly manner. A large audionco greeted the
speakers, completely filling up trio capacious
church.
Thursday was Commoncomont Dny, and a most
lovely day it was. Nature seemed to put forth
ail her beauties, os if to givo a bright beginning to
the career of thoso who from that time wero to
launch their barks upon tho billows of a tossing
world. At an early hour the church was filled
with the beauty of tho city, and of all portions of
tho Union, and to tho observer, admiring tho ma
lty pretty faces arrayed before him, it seemed 1 ike
a spot in fairy-laud. I have never seen a more
beautiful Beene, nnd soldom boforo, so great a ma
jority of haudsomo ladies among so largo a num
ber. After tho procession composed of th o Alum
ni aud students had entered the church, the exor
cises commenced, whieh were similar to those
customary at tho commencement of every college.
The speakers acquitted themselves in the most
croditablo manner, and their compositions were a
proof oftho benefits to be derived from a collegi
ate courso through old Yale. The graduating
class was a very large one, numbering some nine
ty or more, and was composed of young men front
all parts of the land. Among them was Wm. L.
Rowland, of Augusta, who took a high stand for
scholarship in liis class, entitling him to tlio de
gree es an Oration at Commencement, and which,
by the by, was a fine production. At tho conclu
sion of tho speaking, tho diplomas were given to
tlio class and after the conferring of the degreo of
M. A., on the class of 1849, the exercises were
brought to a eloso. Afterwards the graduates hold
a meeting on tho Green, and after the singing of
an ode, with sorrowful hearts, bid each other
furewcll. And tints ended Commencement Day
at Yale. Yours, &c., \ J.
ITEMS.
The total number of sea-going vessols in the
port of New York on Friday, as ascertained by
actual count, was 616; of which 26 wore steamers,
133 ships, 116 barques, 141 brigs and 200 seh’nrs.
lion. Robert Schenck, ourMinistorto Brazil, has
been appointed Special Envoy to Montevideo and
Buenos Ayres, to negotiate the treaties of com
merce, &e.
A Lisiitninq I’ress.—A Printing Press propel
led by this new motivo power is in use at the
House Telegraphic Office, Cincinnati.
The contributions to tho Washington National
Monument during tlio mouth of July amounted to
$3,667.88. Blocks were received from the Grand
Lodge I. O. O. F\, Maryland; Patinos Lodge, No.
70, (Masonic) Ellioott’s Mills, Maryland ; Mt. Le
banon Lodge No. 226, (Masonic) Lebanon, I’enn
sylvaia. Tho Obelisk is now 113 feet high above
tho surface of tho ground.
Tho New York Herald publishes a secret circular
which it alleges Kossuth addressed to the Germans
before loaviug this country. It contains reoom
mendations to them to organize associations and to
cast tlioir votes at the coming elections so as to
make them toll in favor of his intervention doc
trines. Kossuth, according to tho Iloriihf is to re
turn to this county early in tho Fall.
The Philadelphia Evening bulletin confirms tlio
report of tho rich discoveries of pure Galena at
the twenty fathom levol of tho Chester county (I’a.)
Mining Company’s Works. Tho vein of this depth
is sixteen inches wide, and of solid galena. Tiiis
is considered to establish tlio permanent success
and value of the inino. The Company, it is said,
arc sending to market 800 pigs of lead per weok.
Tho imports of dry goods, for tho month of July,
are $1,600 below those of July, 1851, and $4,300,-
000 leas than in July, 1850. From tho tables pub
lished by tho New York Journal of Commerce, the
imports since Ist January are $7,250,000 less tlian
in tho corresponding period of last year. The
amount in warehouse is very small, aud stocks
have nover been workod down so generally low.
The tables are made up to the 9th July.
Tho “Brothers Rand” aro now undergoing triul
at Portsmouth, for the charge of being concerned
in the great hank robbery in that town in January
last. Tlioy are dofonded by Messrs. K. G Scott,
and Simon Wheeler, the former from Richmond,
better known aa tho geutlerrun who addressed
certain queries to all of the prominent men iu ths
democratic party prior to the late convention in
Baltimore.
The Baltimore Clippor thinks “that if mombers
of Congress would attend more strictly to their
legitimate business, and less to the distribution of
political pamphlets, they would earn tho money
which they recoivc from the people more honestly
than they do at present.”
Marysfillo (California) has, by tho census, a
population of 4500 souls, 243 being females. It
has 4 churches, one being I’resbytcrian, two
Methodist, and ono Catholic. Seventy children
attend Sunday Schools.
Tho cholera broke ont, it is said, in Buffalo on
Saturday, causing great alarm and driving many
persons out of the city. A gentleman, bis wife,
two children and clerk all died in the course of a
few hours.
Pennsylvania State Debt.— The Philadelphia
Evening Bulletin says the full amount of the semi
annual interest on the Pennsylvania Stato debt,
was deposited in the Bank ol Pennsylvania on
Saturday.
Bitten bt a Spider.— On the 22d ultimo, Mr.
John Morrison, of Lancaster, Mass., was bitten on
one of his fingers by a block spider. The finger
soon commenced swelling and became very pain
ful, and the disease has extended over his system
to such a degree that he lies in a dangerous condi
tion. Ilia physicians thing there is but little hope
of his recovery.
On tho 26th of July there were in the Treasury
of the United states and other despositories of the
public moneys $15,901,503.72 —of which $1,454,-
767.78 was duo on drafts already drawn, and $14,-
449,222.60 subject to draft.
lion. John A. Quitman was requested, in a let
ter from tho Democratic Committee of Jackson,
Mias., to address a meeting of that place, in favor
of the Democratic ticket. His reply declines tak
ing nny active or prominent part in tho canvass,
because the Baltimore Convention endorsed the
Compromise.
The St; Louis Republican says that the newly
appointed Governor of New Mexico, General Lane,
has arrived in that city, and, having accepted the
appointment, will leave in a few days for Santa Fe.
Remarkable Phenomenon near Madison, Ga.—
We arc indebted to Prof. Loud of the Georgia Fe
male College, for the following statement which he
obtained from Mr. Baldwin.— Visitor.
“A most remarkable electrical phenomenon was
seen at the plantation of Charles J. Baldwin, Esq.,
about five miles from this place, on Tuesday, June
Bth, 1852. Mr. Baldwin was standing in his back
porch, when, immediately after a pretty severe
flash of lightning, be obsci ved a ball of fire at CO
or 70 yards from him.
The ball when first seen, appeared about a
foot in diameter. It instantly began to expand,
throwing off beautiful scintillation, continued to
enlarge and scintillate until it had become 10 or
12 feet in diameter, when it disappeared. Mr.
B. says it was the most beautiful sight he ever be
held. His family both white and blaok who saw it,
were very much alarmed, but he was apparently so
much interested as to l’eol no alarm. He has exam
ined his Cotton where it appeared, and observed
no signs of injury. It must have been visible for
some time, say 50 or 60 seconds, os the negroes
ran in the house and gave the alarm and returned
before it disappeared.”
Interesting Discovery—Nati-rai. Gas.— Ah is
very generally known, says the Frodonia Censor,
our village lias been for a long time lighted by
natural gas, which gsaucs at certain places spon
taneously from fissures in the nnderlayingstrata of
rock. The supply, however, has hitherto proved in
sufficient for the demand. On Thursday afternoon
I ast, whilea workman was engaged in drilling for a
farther sunply of water in the well at the Johnson
House, a fissure was reached, from which on the
withdrawal of the drill, and constant enr
rent of gas issued, with much force, through the
water. Upon placing a tunnel over tiio jet arid ap
plying a candle, the gass ignited, throwing a column
of flame to the top of the well, near twenty feet,
and bnming the man severely. Up to the present
lime, the gas continues to issue unfailingly, and it
is the intention of the proprietors of the hotel to
apply it to immediate use in lighting their build
ing. .
The Omnibcs Line. —The Ohio Stage Company
are runnings line of splendid omnibusscs betweeu
Wheeling and Zanesville, which renders travelling
along the National Road more pleasant than by
the coaches. They pass over the road each way,
daily, in daylight, and with each omnibus i*a
conductor to take up and put off passeng***
baggage at any point on the road.
provement in travelling, untU t6a rai.road is com
pleted.— Wheeling GaieHe.
Large Robbery on Sub-ward -ByaccounU
from Singapore, June Ist, we learn that thebarouo
Nelson, at Melbourne for London, was boarded
April Sd, during tho absence of the masteron shore,
bv two boats’ crews, who overpowered the crow,
and pi undcrcd the vessel of gold dust to the amount
of £125,000
An Irishman said, if a few gooseberries gave so
fine a flavor to an apple pie, that it would boa di r
ling of an apple pie that waa made of gooeebcrriea
entirely.
VOL. LXVI.--NEW SERIES VOL. XVI.---NO. 32.
From the Louisvllts Journal.
TII K PATRIOT’S DEATH.
BY ANNIK nUADVOkO.
“I am going, my son; sit near me." —/Met words of
Henry Clay.
Going, but.not where swords
Are flashing in the sun,
And the clarion's clang, and the dram’s tattoo
Proclaim the fight begun.
Not where the heart’s best blood
Is poured like crimson wine,
And patriot lives are offered up
At Freedom’s holy slu ine!
But from the tented Held
And the Deice campaign of life,
Where Discord’s trump and Sin’s tattoo
Are catling hosts to strife;
Up to tiie King whose might
The victory hath won,
I go to lay my laurels down— •
. Sit near me, oh my ton 1
Near me, for I would tell
My deathless love anu high,
For our fair land, whose mountains pierce
The secrets of the sky; •
Whose rushing rivers dash
Inqmtuous to the sea,
And whose mighty hearts are fortresses
Os cherished Liberty!
Nearer, my son ! I dream
As on tliy face I ga*e,
Os her who bore thee, whose deep love
Hath cheered my stormy days.
Oh! that her aged face
Might greet me ere I tread
The silent pathway leading through
The valley of the dead!
It may not be, but free
As our own proud streams I go
To the tranquil seas of heaven, where
There is no ebb anil flow !
Draw near—the world recodes —
Beneath the crumbling arch
Os death’s dark gateway swift I pus*
Upon my upward march !
Then through the golden gates
That open to the skies,
The white-plumed angels bore him on
To the plains of Paradise,
And a singing poan swelled
« Through the arcades vast nnd high,
As they crowned him with the deathless bays
Os imniortulity!
From the Philadelphia American.
The I'onl'cssiun of the NhiipiiiHki*.
We leant that Wm. B. Mann, Esq. acting Dis
trict Attorney, in the absence of Wnt. B. Reed,
Esq. at present making a tour of Kuropo for the
benefit of his licnith, lias boon put in possession of
a confession from tho brothersSkupinski, now un
der sentence of death, which is so startling in its
character, as to cause a universal shudder at its re
cital.
Our readers will remember a statement publish
ed about a month since, giving; tho details of u con
fession made by Matthias Skupinski to a country
man of his own, named Skaiviuski. That individ
ual hud formerly been acquainted witii tlio older
Skupinski, and visited him nt tlio Movmnonsing
prison. Matthias made a confidant ot' him, and
told him a fearful tulo of crime and bloodshed in
which lie had been a conspicuous actor. Accord
ing to this statement, tho aggregate number of per
sons murdered by him and liis friends wero not
loss than oiglity, while thirty housos wore burned
by tiie same party. Tiiis confession was dotuiled
to Mayor Gilpin by tho recipient of tho disclosure.
Tlio story was published in tlio newspapers at tlio
time, and caused considerable sensation. Col.
Korponay wont to tlio prison and translated tlio
wlioio statement to Matthias, who denied having
made n confession. On tlio strength of this, Col,
Korponay eaine out in tlio papers witii acurd, con
tradicting the story, and charging Mr. Skawinslci
with having fabricated the whole statement and
sworn to a tolsoliood.
It now appears that Blaise, tlio younger of tiie
wvotclied brothers, was shown tlio confess
ion of Matthias at the timo it was first published,
and acknowledged its truth. Tiiis endorsement
ho lias not withdrawn sinco.
On Thursday lust Matthias evineod somo little
signs of contrition, and in the morning, in tiie pre
senco of the Rev. Wnt. Alexander, the chaplain of 1
tiie prison, and Louis Tottssig, tlio sworn in
terpreter, lie mndo a full confession of liis crimes,
lie said that ho killed tlio boy Behimiti hy striking 1
him on tho head with the iron leg of a stove, and 1
that lie and Kaiser cut up tho body. Blaiso, lie says
was not prosont nt tho time. Hit told of a sorios of
crimes whieh fully corroborates the statement
made by Mr. Skawiuski. To tiiis terrible tulo of
blood, Matthias added the dceails of several fear- 1
ful scenes, scones in which lie und his companions 1
were tlio actors.
On tho afternoon of tho samo day Matthias made 1
another confession, whieh tallied with tiie first in ’
all its shocking dotuils. This second disclosure 1
was made in tho presonce of Sheriff Deal, Deputy <
Sheriff' Millor, Rev. Alexander, Mr. Anthony 1
Freed, keeper of tiie prison, Mr. Henry C. Snyder, '
and Mr. Toussig, tiie interpreter. Matthias says ’
that Blaiso acted in concert with him aud Kaiser ‘
in most of these outrages. 1
From the story told by tiiis monster, it is believ- <
od hy soino, that ho and his associates were tho 1
perpetrators of the Cosdcu and Bertie murders, ;
and many others which have been involved in >
mystery. Tlio feeling of contrition evineod by the <
eldest of tho brother./, on Thursday, appeared lmt (
temporary. During tlio recital of liis misdeeds,
hi displayed a great deal of fierceness, and Said '
that he was no worse than other folks. He mur
dered people, but the Americans murdered him ;
so they were all alike, lie contended. Tlio num
ber or murders and their horriblo details, of which 1
Matthias confessed himself guilty, wero so torri- ►
bio as to fairly bewilder thoso Who were listening j
to him. i
During Thursday, tlio miserable brothers had <
au interview, for the first time since tlioy
sentenced. Blaise was taken to the cell occupied ’
hy Matthias. Tiioy embraced each other when '
they met, but neither of them exhibited tho erno- 1
tion which might bo expected under the eircum- •
stances. They conversed freely in tlio Polish lan- 1
guugo. Tlio burthen of their conversation was ftf I
a recriminating character. Those who were pres- I
cut gleaned from what hud passed that they wore h
compelled to ieavo England about two years sinco, (
in consequence of crimes they had committed t
there. Blaiso said ho wanted to go to Russia, but 11
that in tiiis ho was overruled hy Matthias, who in- c
sistod on coming to tho United States. Tlio c
younger brother snid ho thought this tlio worst *
pluco tlioy could go to.
They will have another interview on Thursday 1
next, the day bofore that fixed for tlio execution of 11
Matthias.
Blaiso is not kept chained. Tlio fetters wero j
taken off Matthias’ ankle some time since, but wero '
replaced at the lime of tiie disclosures umdo by Mr. 7
Skawinski. i
Tho health of Mattliius has suffered much du- 1
ring his confinement. lie. has no appetite, and is
growing quite thin und cadaverous. Blaise, oil tiie 11
contrary, appears to enjoy his food; und is quito 1
fleshy. •
Tiie prisoners aro visited by two Catholic priests, t
Noither of the culprits soemfdisposcd to seek con- 1
solution iu religion. Tho eldest, ori every occasion j
rails ut the Americans for sentencing him to tiie '
gallows. 110 keeps strict count of tho days ns '
they puss lind watches witii fearful anxiety for tiie f
coming of tho time fixed for tho expiation of liis
great crimo.
No person, excepting tiie two pricstH, and tlio .
authorities are suffered to visit tlio cell of tho con- 1
denmed. a
Wc understand that it is tho design of Sheriff t
Deal to execute the sentence of the law upon Mat
thias, with his own hands. Tito execution takes
place on Friday next. t
Kaiser, tlio much talked of and missing third c
man, is at this time described by Matthins und liis t
brother, as being a short stout man, largo nose, 1
bluo eyes mid florid complexion. His proper ]
name is, if Matthias is to be believed, John Hut- 1,
kowska. Ho is both a butcher und tailor by trade. »'
He is still at large. Isis not being discovered is J
greatly to be regretted, it is to be hoped that ho t
may yet be secured. 0
OHlclal.
Statement of the Receipts nnd Expenditures of
the United States from April 1 to June 30, 1802,
(exclusive of Trust Funds.)
Tkeabcrv Department,
Register's (Jfilce, July 80,1852.
ItECEtrTS.
From Customs, $10,854,146 08
“ Lands, 247,947 65
“ Incidental sources, 44,878 34
“ Loan of January 28, 1847, (Treasury
notes funded) 27,850 00
$11,174,816 97
EXPENDITURES.
Civil, miscellaneous, and foreign intercourse, $8,450,964 60
Interior.
Indian Department, $202,174 01
Pensions, 179,424 26
. War.
Army, Ac., *844,751 88
Fortifications, . 289,066 06
Navy, $2,074,805 44
Interest, Ac., on public debt and Treasury
notes, 1.936J585 71
Reimbursements of Treasury notes, prior to
22d July, 1846 22,450 00
Reimbursement of Treasury notes, per acts
1846 and 1847, 4,950 00
• $8,968,671 91
M. NOCRSE, Acting Register.
The liouisvillc Times makes the following state
ment concerning a grant mad* by tlio Mexican Go
vernment to the American:
“ It will be remembered that Commodore Porter
of our navy, engaged in the service of Mexico
during her revolution against Spain,and continued
in her navy until tho close of tiie struggle. After
the war was closed. Mexico offered him a grant of
land as tlio reward for iff a valuablo services, anil
gave him tho selection of it. He selected tlio re
gion lying about the Gulf side terminus ot the pre
sent proposed Tehuantepec rente, which his sagaci
ty, even at that early day, taught him would bo
inovitably demanded by the commerce of tlio
world. Com. Portor possessed himself of, and pre
served, deposited in un iron box, well secured,
tho evidences of this grant, and at hia death be
queathed them to his son, Lieut. Portor, now of
our Navy. This box, a few days after tiie deatli ol
Com. Porter in Washington city, was found to
iiave been abstracted from the place where lie hud
always kept it, and has nover been recovered to
this day. But there can be no doubt of the binding
force df tiiis grant, and its priority to all other
grants of the same ground. We presume that the
evidences of it are in existence among the
areiiives of the Mexican Government, and wo have
reason to believe that Col. Sloo, who has been in
timately associated with, aud perhaps, is an au
thorized agent of Lieut. Porter, made thisgruiit
the basis of his successful application to the Mexi
can Government for tho grant which lie lias ob
tained. Ifsuoli agrant as that to Com. Portor is to
be found among tiie records of tlio Mexican Govern
ment, and we have no doubt of its existence, 4t
of course mtlifies all subsequent grants and takes
precedence, and our own Government, witii the
proofs of it present' d, would ot course be compel
led to withdraw from insisting upon the Garay or
liargous grant.”
Tall Cbimtoevs.—We perceive by our exchanges
that a line of Btoamboats is now in course of con
struction to run on tlic Thames, which arc to he
built without any chimneys. The stuoko, and tho
products of combustion arc to be discharged into
the wheel-houses, so that the draft will be increas
ed bv the action of the paddles, and the unoonanm
ed portioles of tho fuel mingled with tho water.
The object of this improvement is to give greater
facility in passing tho very low bridges over the
Thames, which life necessarily built on a level
with the street* of London.— Wkttliny Gazette.
We learn from Paris, says tho Now York Tri
bune, that notwithstanding the police are contin
ually on the alert, still a multitude of writings are
diifnssed in all quarters, in which tho (Jovornment
is most powerfully attacked. At tho present time
several pamphlets aro in circulation, which con
demn the proceedings of the second of December
with exceeding severity, and an enmity until now
unknown.
Tux DejiochaticParty. —Who are they?—They
arc not friends of the people ; for they defeated
the will of the people In the nomination of M',
Pierce. The people were divided between '.'ass.
Buchanan and Douglass; but who was for fjorce I
—£*pubUc<m, S
POLITICAL
Party IVanie*. —Federalism, Pemooracy.
t Oar political adversaries, as is well known, aro
fond of applying to the Whigs the torm Federal
ns u word of reproach, and they seem to think t hat
llicv have answered nil arguments and established
all conclusions when they can re-iterate that
word in connection with a tolerable amount of dis ■
paragon Hint and denunciation.
On tho late snd occasion of Mr. Clay’s doatli it
was usual to find in tho biographical skctcl.os or
remarks concerning him ami his political career
in the journals styling theuisolves democratic,
some allusions to his change, os they chose to de
signate it, from democracy to federalism during
Gou. Jackson’s administration. Now it is per
fectly well knowiwthat Mr. Clay did not change
his political principles at all at that period; it is
perfectly well known that tho same system of
policy which ho hud sustained before the accession
of Gen. Jackson to the Presidency was sustained
bv him afterwards with undeviating consistency.
All this is known. Yet there aro to bo found
journals claiming tho reputation of intelligence
and accuracy, that gravely deplore Mr. Clay s con
version or perversion to federalism ut that time,
and speak ou the subject as though they were
actually telling tho truth; and possibly some ot
them may believe Unit they are.
The only measure of publio policy respecting
which Mr. Clay over did ohunge his opinions and
his course was that which involved tho constitu
tionality and the propriety of a Hank of tho United
States. Ilia position at tirst was adverse to such
an institution; nnd when lie afterward changed
his ground, and oumo up to tho support of tho
financial policy of a National Bank, it was when
that policy constituted an important part of tho
democratic system of policy under tho democratic
administration of Madison. In tho matured and
well considered opinion ot Mr. Clay tile condition
of the country, ut the close of tho war with Eng
land, imperatively required the restorative agency
to a National Bank to givo organisation once more
of tho currency and to restore a wholcsomo circu
lation to tiio exhausted channels, of trade. A
democratic ('resident thought so too.
But tho American System formed tho prominent
and characteristic features of Mr. Clay’s general
system of public measures, nnd to that ho gave his
earnest nnd.hearty support—as tho Whigs of tho
United States uro prepared to do now, or whenever
it may be in their powor to do so with an prospect
of success. The American Systcpi, including pro
tection to domestio labor and tiro improvement of
rivers and harbors to facilitate connnerco between
tho States and with foreign countries, was a demo
cratic system under "Madison’s administration ; for
it was established then and received the sanction
of that distinguished statesman.
In 1824, when Gen. Jackson was for tho first time
a candidate for the Presidency, there wus lioeandi
duto of tho Federal party in tho field. Mr. Ad
ams, Mr. Crawford nnd Mr. Clay, who wore tho
other competitors, all belonged to tho Democratic
party. The Federal party, as such, had ceased to
exist, and when tho issue was formed between
Gen. Jackson nnd Mr. Adams which resulted in
tlie election of tho fonnorto the Presidency in 1828,
the leaders of the Federal party, for the most part,
went to tho support of General Jackson. Those
gentlemen, many of whom took prominent posi
tions in the Jackson party, now delight in being
known as Democrats, and some of them have been
remarkable for tho zeal and industry with which
they have sought to distinguish themselves in tho
servico of modern democracy, ns though it wore
their purpose to atouo tor tho ferocity of their as
saults upon the democracy ol Jefferson and Madi
son.
The sohool of modern democracy dates no farther
hack than the administration of Gen. Jackson, 110
was its founder first ami its expounder afterwards ;
and so long as he lived it could bo pretty woll ascer
tained what was democratic and what was not—a
question which in tlioso Inter years bus become
very muoh perplexed. If Gen. Jackson had favor
ed a National Ban It as Madison did, why, then, a
National Bank would have been democratic; if ho
had sustained tho American system as Mr. Madi
son did, the policy of protecting domestio labor
would have been democratic, and it would have
also been democratic to ndmlt tlie constitution
al power of tho government to improve rivers
and harbors and to facilitate botli internal nnd fo
reign commerce.
But inasmuch ns Henry Clay wns tho great cham
pion of that general system and had committed the
unpardonable offence of preferring Mr. Adams to
Gen. Jackson, in 1824, tho champion was to ho at
tacked in his system, and botli must be prostrated
together, if Gen. Jackson and his party were strong
enough to do it. Then it was that tho diseovory
was suddenly made that Mr. Clay was a federa
list, although his political course and principles
exhibited no shadow of nclmugc; then it was that
tho adherents of Gou. Jackson and nono othors
were found to ho ontitled to tho designation of
democrats , notwithstanding tho federalism of many
ol their prominent leuders. It. bccamo at once Ue
mScrutic to denounce tho whnlo system of demo
cratic policy established in Madison’s time—be
cause Mr. Clay supported it, and wished to see it
developed in accordance with its true principles nnd
its adaptation to tho advancing growth of tho
country. Democracy then took its negative form
nnd found its function in destroying.
The party in opposition to General Jackson’s ad
ministration and headed by Mr. Clay took tho
name of Whig- —a name connected with so many
Patriotic associations that tho other aide sought to
mpair its influence by applying along witli it tho
appellation federal, which was supposod to carry
some odium wherovor it was nttuebed. But tho
application of tho term to tho Whigs is not more
incorrect in point of fact than tho ordinary politi
cal uso of tlie term itself is sonseloss. The party
that framed tho Federal Constitution in tho Con
vention of 1787, supported it afterwards in tlie
several States, and finally established it upon the
ruins of tlie old Confederation, wore first designa
ted federalists, nnd tho designation was appropri
ate and ohnrnotoristio. The loader of tho federal
party was George Washington, a man of some re
pute in his day, nnd generally believed to he a
sincoro lover of his country uml a friend to fVeo
dom. Wo believo that tho term democrat was
taken from tho Frcnoli revolutionists, who used it
us nntagonistienl to tho term aristocrat, then a torm
of reprobation in Frunoo. This was a proper uso
of it; but there is no antagonism between tho
terms democrat and federalist— nono vrhatover. •
Mr. Jefferson wns strictly correct when ho said in
his inaugural nddress, “Jl's arc all federalists, we
are all democrats." All who tlivortlie Uuion are
federalists—because it is a Federal Union; all who
favor tho republican form of government, as it ex
ists among tho Ktutcs of th« Union, aro democrats
—becauso universal suii'rago among eitizons, which
is tho husis of our ropnbllcunisin, is tho essential
principlomf domoernoy.
There is no principle of democracy involved at
all in any question ns to tho rolativo powers of the
Federal Govommont and thoso of tho States. De
mocracy sustained nud strengthened tho powers of
tlie Federal Government, and curried ihem almost
to tho extont of despotic force, when Gen. Jackson
wus President. It finds no antagonist in federal
ism, except that it would prefer a moro thorough
centralization, whioh, In an probability, it will ef
fect it at somo fut ure time.— Balt. American.
GnmiNiis vs. the Whig Fi.atkorm.—The follow- >
ing oxtract from a rooont speech of tho notorious
abolitionist OiinnNort, shows how very distasteful
tho Whig platform is to him :
“ But I am aware tliaUi strange effort Is making
to induce our Free Democracy to sustain tho Whig
candidate at the coming election. With tho gen
tleman nominated I have long bcon acquainted.
To him nor to tho Democratic nominee have 1 uny
personal objection; but if elected, he is pledged to
maintain the outrages, the revolting crimes, pertain
ing to like (Lmprnmise measures and Fugitive .Slave
Isvur, to which I havo called attention—to render
them perpetual, so fur as he. mag he al t ie—to prevent
all discussion relating to them. To vote for him is
to vote for this policy—to identify onrselvos in
favor of tho avowed doctrine which he is pledged to
support— to give proof by our votes that wo ap
prove tho platform oli which he stands. But, sir,
why vote for Scott In preference to Fierce? Os
tho men I say nothin)!;. They merely represent tho
doctrines of the parties who nominated them. If
there ho a difference between thoso parties, it is
on the slave question. Itcun be found in nothing
elso.
“ The doctrines of the Whig party, as I hare
shown, pledge them and. their candidate la maintain
shivery ; tho breeding of slaves for market; tlm
sulo ol' women in this District and in the Toni to- .
rios: to uphold the Fugitive law in all coming time ; *
to admit as many slave States as shall apply from
New Mexico and Utah, and silence discussion on all
these suhjects."
Ge.v. Pmnca would not lim.r.—The trutli is
out a*last. General Fierce did not nnswor Mr. K.
G. Scott’s letter in reference to tiio Fugitive
Slave Law ; and is therefore exempted from the
pledge to veto any bill repealing or weakening tho
law, winch was exacted from Gen. Cass aud all
other candidates.
There has been an unlimited amount of quibbling
on the part of tho Bichmond junto in connection
with this affair; and, wittingly or nnwittinly, our
contemporary of the Union lias been a participa
tor in tho whole of it. First, wo hud a burst of
grandiloquence on the sagacity that prom pted Mr.
Scott’s interrogatories, and the patriotism off those
who answered them ; then wo were assured that
tho same interrogatories were sent to General
Fierce, who happened to be from home when they
arrived; then it was explained that Gen. Pierce
hod positively written or w<#ld positively write in
reply, and that yie Country should see it without
delay ; then wo woro told that the. reply was snug
ly stowed away in Mr. Scott’s pocket, but that Us
publication was no longer necessary ; and then wo
were reminded that the holders of the reply wero
tho best judges of thecoursc to be pursued in re
gard to it, and were not to bo dragooned by Whig
inquisitiveness into any different plaD. But Whig
inquisitiveness could not he so staved off. Jt re
turned to the subject from day to day, and lias
finally succeeded in penetrating the rhinoceros
hide of tho Democratic eonseicnce-keepers, ainl
in extorting a confession that Gen. Pierce never
a.iswered Mr. Scott, and that Mr. Scott is there
fore unable to produce Gen. Pierce's letter.
Mr, Scott writes to the Bichmond Enquirer to
say that the party are satisfied with Gen. Pi erco’s
letter to Col. Lully of Baltimore—read by Mr.
Kitcbio at tho Washington llatification meeting
—and need nothing else. That letter, however
<locs no' touch the question whether if elected, Mr.
Fierce would iutornose the veto in support of tho
Fugitive Jaw, and consequently fells fur short of
the point which the letter wontd have compelled
him to touch, The Lnqnirer assured us at tiio
outset that no man not so pledged could reocivo
the support of the Domocraoy; und tho Uuion
cried Amen. • .
We now desire to know, firstly, how the Enqui
rcr and tho Union propone to get over that very
awkward committal; secondly, how they design
to explain their retioatcd prevurication in relation
to it: and thirdly, how the Compromise Democra
cy will be ablo to relish tho now admitted Act that
tho organs have been playing bo-peep for six weeks
post upon this, very question, and that Gen. Fierco
is not, after all, in any manner bound by tho
pledge which was deemed indispensable in nego
tiating with ull the other candidates.— Wash. Sep.
Sgjiethino or a Dhtemmcb.—ln a recent ad
dress to bis immediate fellow-citizens, at Marsh
field, in alluding to the fishery difficulties Mr.
Webster said, “the fishermen shall be protected m
all tbeir rights of proporty, and in all their rights
of occupation. They shall be proiocted hoo a and
line, und bob and sinker.”
By his votes iu Congress Gen. 1 iorr e has an
plainly said that ho will him'protect the .ives of our
seamen und the commerce of tho country, external
or internal, though tho whole perish for tho want
of safo and convenient harbors.
Which of the two most resemble a the statesman;
TIIK PATH lor | TIIK TUCK AmEKPjAN i A I ift wor at
your leisure. — Columbus Ing jirer.
Tho Democratic of tho Baltimore Sun,
seeing that all effort* Bt making politioal capital
out of tho Mex'' war for Gen. Pierco bavo proved
abort!vo, is now trying to make it out of the last
warwi'b Great Britain. He announces with aolernn
cm’'basis that Plercehas a sister ahdmarrUd a man
die was wounded at Lundy's lane
'We have no doubt, that, upon tho strength of
this fact, Gen. Ficrco will hereafter contest with
Gen. Scott the claim to the honor of being
fora of Lundy's LaiHP'-Frentux,