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CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
From the CharUtton Courier.
Fonrtrrn Days Later from California.
ARRIVAL OF THE PROMETHEUS.
The atewnsbip Promotheu*, Cpt. Church, u-
Norte, which port »h. left on Thura
*T° vf*.. h 81 »t S o’clock in the evening, with
«<* H**. brought down by the
*te*m*rF*cille» which left S*n i raneisco on the
15 Tbe f PH into our port ehort of coal.
She h-. w< unden»nd, no specie on freight, aJ
,J‘ “h it is believed that there la a considerable
quantity in the hands of passengers, of whom
The*Plwn«theo» left in the P ort °* S * n JutD
the U 8. aloop of war Cyane, Capt. Hollins. Her
officers and men. were all well. We are gratified
to learn that the recent difficulties at San Juan
have been settled, and that all was qoiet.
By this arrival we have been placed in posses
sion of San Francisco dates to the 15th nit.—four
teen days later than those previously received—
for which, and other polite attentions, we are in
debted to K. Lord, K»q., the obliging purser of
the Prometheus. The news, however, is not very
important, although it embraces a tew interesting
items. We make the following extracts from the
Ban Francisco Herald and Daily Alta California, of
the 16th nit. . . . , _
Hammary of the Fortnight • News.
Theaubject which, during the past fortnight,
lias occasioned the most conjecture and anxiety,
has been the non-arrival of the steamship Inde
pendence, long due at thi sport, and the lack of all
intelligence respecting her. The Independence
was last seen on the 13th of February ult., off Cape
Bt. Lucas. She is now nearly 80 days beyond her
time, and the gravest apprehensions are enter
tained for her safety. The agent of the Vander
bilt line has chartered the steamer Sea Bird for the
purpose of effecting a thorough search and ob
taining somo clue to her whereabouts ; and hopes
are encouraged that the missing ship may have
put into some intermediate harbor, in consequenoe
of some casualty in her machinery. Bbe was to
have taken passengers who left New York on the
20th of January, in the Northern Light.
The above ia tho only misfortune which has
been visited lately upon the steamship companies.
The splendid steamer Tennessee, long and deserv
edly a favorite with the travelling community, is
now a total wreck. She went ashore on the morn
ing of the Sth of this month, in a dense fog, about
three mileß North of the Heads, and within a few
hours sail of San Francisco. Her passengers,
numbering six hundred, of whom one hundred
were 1 allies and children, were all landed without
injury, aud the mails were secured without loss or
damage. The principal portion of the Blores of
the Tennessee, with her machinery will probably
be saved, but the noble ship is fast going to
pieces and eoon, but shattered fragments will be
of a structure that was once the boast of ita own
ers and the pride of its officers and crew. The
passengers have unanimously absolved Captain
Melius and his subordinates from all Wane, and
unite in the expression of their appreciation of
his good qualities as a man and a seaman. .
The steam ship Now Orleans, Capt. Wakeman,
left San Francisco for Sydney and Melbourne, on
tho 6th of this month. Adams A Co. have sent
out Mr. Myers, to establish a branch of their con
cern in Australia. The line of steam communica
tion between that country and California may now
be considered fairly established. .
There have been further difficulties with the In
dians. Near Tehama a skirmish ensued between
the latter and tho whites, in which, besides seve
ral of the red men, five squaws and three children
wore killed.
The bandit Joaquin still continues his depreda
tions. SIOOO have been offered by the Governor
for his capturo, but although in many instmees
hotly pursued, he has always osoaped and seems
to bear a charmed life.
Active operations are on footto construct a plank
road from Sacramento to Auburn and Novada.
Goldmines of considerable valuo have been dis
covered in Oregon.
Tho following is the result of the census of the
State of California:
Whites 801,866
Citizens over 21 years of age 10.j,R44
Negroes • •
Mulattos ”<*
Indians, domesticated 83,689
Foreign residents 69,991
The counties of Nevada, Placer and Ynba have
reported 9,809 Chinose. The other counties have
embraced them, without discrimination, under the
general head of Foreign Kesidents. Tho number
of Chinese is behoved to approximate 26,000.
Kvcry effort is being made during the present
fine weather, to push the United Status Land Sur
veys witli vigor. It is oxpected that lists and plats
of large quantities of land will be made out and
forwarded to the Secretary of tho Interior this sea
son and that patents will be issued as soon there
after as possible, without waiting for the comple
tion of the whole U.S. survey, which, owing to the
extent of California, and our mountain and miner
al lands, will require many years to finish.
The period within which to present Land Claims
to the Commissioners, bus terminated. It is un
derstood that there are many who, throngh negli
gence, have failed to present their claims. Tho
wliolo number of Land Claims filed is 812; about
89 have reoeived confirmation, and os the Commis
sion have, in a great inoasure, established the ha
sis upon which thoy can proecod, it nmy now bo
expected to make rapid progress in dooiding as to
those remaining.
Froh Taulumnk.—Wo take the following from
the Columbia Gazotto of Saturday:
Tho Gazette says: The miners had been busily
engaged in their mining operations during tho
wook and aro making money. We have been in
formed by one who is a jndgo that tho miners of
this vicinity pay about three thousand ounces of
gold dust oaoh week for provisions, and it would
surprise a stranger no little to sco the iminenso
amount of gold dust that is sold every Saturday
night aud Sunday. Kente are beginning to ad
-vanoo, and everything betokens a lively business
i>r Columbia.
(,'ood i\em ft am the Uinta.—' Tho most impor
tant news wo have to communioato is tho great
sucooss fff the mining population of Columbia
and vicinity Wo have conversed with a numbor
of tho most intelligent miners, all of whom have
stated to us that they believe tho miners in tins
vicinity wore ton uoliu r * per
day. It is true that the rPmibers aro not making
so much, hut a vust number WO making double
that amount. ,
Hoveral largo spociinons havo been suown us
this week. The largest one wo liavo hoard o; for
the present wook wastakon out at or noar Yankee
Hill, and woighod somo 7or 8 ounces. Two, throe
and four omico piooos aro hocoming so common,
that wo doom them hardly worth notico.
We havo hoard of now strikos having boon made
In various placos around, but know nothing au
thentic on the subject, although we boliove that
thoro will bo some of the richest diggings •dis
covered in tho vicinity before tho closo of summer,
that havo yet boen found. The amount of gold
hidden in tho bowels of the oarth at a great depth
undor somo of tho hills of this vicinity is not now
dreamed of, hut must bo immonso.
Nxw anii Rich Diooinok.—The Californian is
informed by a gentleman who has just arrived
ftrom Yobs’ Crossing, on tho Middle Yuba, that
new diggings have boon discovered in a ravine
near the Tower ond of tho bar at that place, and
About five mites above whore the Middle flows
into the Maiu Yuba. Tho gold found in tliosb
diggings is in lumps varying from a few grains to
half an ounce, aud is free from quartz. Tho ravine
promises to yield abundantly. The snmo gentle
man suites t hat miners generally are doing well in
bank diggings, at tho Crossing, but tho drifts are
not being worked yet, though thoy will bo in u
low days, as tho companies are just gottiug the
water to thorn.
Mr. G. C. Liißk, tho oxpress mosseiiger of
Adams & Co., furnished tho Saoramonto Daily
Union with tho following oxoiting news, yesterday
morning, at 1 o'clock, just us that popor was about
to be put to press.
The Indians have committed so many depreda
tions iu tho north of lato, that tho poople aro en
raged against them, and are ready to knife them,
shoot them, or inooulnte thorn with tho small pox
all of winch have boon dono.
Somo timo since tho Indians in Colusa county
destroyed about tivo thousand dollars worth of
stock, belonging to Messrs. Thornes A Toombs ;
sinoo which time they liavo lmd two men employ
ed B t one hundred dollars por month, to hunt
down and kill the Diggers, liko otlior beasts of
prey.
On Friday, the 26th ult., one of these men, by
the name ot John Brockeuridge, was alone, and
armed only witli a bowie knife, when ho mot with
your Indians and attacked them. They told him
to leavo, and commenced shooting arrows at him;
But undaunted, he continued to advance, and suo
eeedod in killing one, and taking one prisoner,
while tho Other two escaped Ho immediately
proceeded to Moon’s Ranch, at which piaoo tho
captured Indian was hung by the citizens.
On Friday, the 25th February, stock was stolon
from Mr. Carter, of Butte county, to the value of
three thousand dollars. Mr. Carter went forth
with to tho camp of the well known stage proprie
tors Messrs. Hall A Crandal, and thence started
with a party of twelve men in search ot tho Indian
depredators. After frnitlese search in tho vicinity
of Pino amt Doer Creeks, tho party became impa
tient and dispersed on Sunday ovening. Return
ing home, one dotachmout of the party discovered
a half-brood by the name of Battcndon, ond took
him prisoner. Tho man fearing for his own life,
agreed to show the eavo where tho Indians were
ooucoaiod, if they would release him. Notice was
sent round, and the people assembled again at Oak
Grove on Monday, from whioh plaeo they started
at midnight for the cave.
Arriviug there at early daylight ou Tuesday
morning, rocks wore rolled into the cave, and the
wretchod inmates rushing out for safety, met
danger a thousand times more dreadful. Tho
first oho that made his apjicarance was shot by
Capt. George Rose, and tho others met the same
sad fate from tho rifles of tho Americans. Alto
gether there wore thirteen killod ; threo chiefs of
different raucherias aud tliroo women. Three
women and five children wore spared; and it is
but doing justieo to s»y that the women who were
killod were placed in front of a sort of breast work,
and killod either by accident or mistake. Capt.
Rose took one child, Mr. Lattimer another, and
the others were disposed of in the samo charita
ble manner among tho party.
On Tuesdav night, March Ist, three work oxen
belonging to" Messrs. Bull A Baker, wore stolen
from a corral in Shasta city, and on Thursday
morning twenty-six head were driven off at Red
Bluffs. Valuo near four thousand dollars.
ThxSoithirn Mines. — Sonora. March 12, 1858.
—Tho past two weeks havo witnessed no events
of particular importance in the Southern mines.—
Uninterrupted prosperity has marked the course
of the miners, and a great deal of gold has been
taken out, so much that money is fast growing
easier, rud the season opens auspicious in all re~-
•poets.
Unusual health has prevailed in all sections, ond
if nothing untorseen should happen, wc mav rea
sonably' look tor a prosperous season in all dep.v t
ments of business. There was a Heavy rain for
about a day and a half, which served to fill up the
gulches, in which the water was getting low, and a
party who lately left Sonoro for tho purpose of
crossing Sierra "Nevada, on a prospecting tour,
■were obliged to put back on account of the snow.
Bad thov been a few days earlier, they think they
could have passed the mountains with ease, for al
though thoy found the snow deep, it was so hard
that tlie'r animals walked on the top ot it. But
they had hardly got into the snowy regions when
it commenced snowing again, and they soon tonnd
two feet aud a half of fresh snow betore them,and
wisoly concluded it was best to put back and try
again at a more convenient soasou. The company
are resolved on going through, and when they
do SO they will give that part of the world a tho
rough prospecting.
The various water companies, whicli arc already
in operation, aro doing finely and giving large re
turns. The receipts of the Tuolumne Comity
Water Companv are said to he not lew than $12,-
000 per week, and the Company are continually
extending their side ditches and increasing their
revenues. It is now managod more satisfactorily
to the miners than it has been hitherto.
The great Hydraulic Ditch still drags its slow
length along. "The Water has beon let in for a few
miles at the head, for the purpose of testing the
work, and the company were confident of being
ready to dispense water before this; aud now it i*
aaid another week will see them in operation. But
the history of water ditches has so often proved
the truth of Burns’ words—
u The beet laid schemes of mice and men
* Gang aft aglag,”
that little calculation can be made of them in ad
eainx?' and thongh there is no doubt in the world
that it will be, when completed, an immensely
profitable work, it is unknown when it will begin
to pay. , •
There have been various rumors about that the
noted robber, Joaqain, had been seen this
£?“ty. No frightful murders, however, havei been
committed, whfch leads people to doubt Uj. Mg
he re . There has been a great amount ofjhieviag
of late, and every day reports are com% in of
and mule* being tfolen. The houae ot L
L. Alexander, on Shaw’s Flat, was broken open a
few daye since, daring the absence of its occu
pants. and robbed of Ita moat valuable contents,
including tome rioh specimens.
Since the last rain the weather haa been re
markably cold, and it will consequently be of lees
advantage to vegetation, which ia yet very back
ward.
The miners about Mariposa have generally had
a suooeasftil winter thus far. That section of
country is far behind most others in the State, in
the wav of improvements, water oouraee, Ac.
Probably that section of the State has boen im
proved far less than any other, and good openings
for ditching operations are yet unoccupied. From
the success of such operations about here, it is
singular that no company entered upon that
region for that purpose.
Gold in Oreoon.—The Oregonian says: The
reports which have been circulated from time to
time of gold in quantities to be worth working,
both in tla Yakima country and the Grande
Ronde, have received new confirmation within a
few days, by the arrival of several persons from
the upper country; and we learn that similar in
telligence has been received at Vancouver. Should
this news prove true, as we have little reason to
doubt, a vast stimulus will be given, not only to
the trade of Oregon generally, but tothesettle
mentofthat portion lyingeast of the Cascades. Im
migranta crossing the plains will find an induce
ment to. settle forthwith in the neighborhood of
the diggings, on finding that supplies will be for
warded to them, aud we shall have work farthe
next legislature in laying out some more counties.
The same paper one week later savs: We have
since seen several gentlemen from the Dalles, and
other i laces oast of the Cascade mountains, who
fully confirm the report that gold has been found
in considerable quantities in the Yakima and
Grand Ronde country.
Lulled (Mates Bonds Abroad.
During the discussion in the U. 8. Senate on
Monday on the resolution introduced by Senator
Brodhead of Pennsylvania, calling on the Secre
tary ofthe Treasury for information as to the ag
gregate amount of federal, State, city, county,
railroad, canal, and other corporation bonds, stocks
or other evidences of debt held in Europe and
other foreign countries on the 80th June, 1868—
that Senator made the following remarks :
Mr. President, I have collected some statistics,
and madeßome estimates, which I will proceed
briefly to exhibit to the Senate, lor the purpose of
showing our oommercisl and monetary relations
with foreign countries, and the propriety of adopt
ing the resolutions under consideration.
The valuo of imports into the United
States daring the fiscal year ending
the 30th June, 1852, was $207,109,788
The value of export* was 166,987,490
Difference against the U. States, $40,142,248
The above are predicated on the official returns
ofthe custom-houses, but they are of course only
approximations to the facts of the case, as their
aro several deficient elements to insure their accu
racy.
Tho imports, for instance, aro basod on the in
voices produced on entry at the custom-houses,
and on which duty was levied, and therefore no
allowance is made for frauds in undervalued in
voices. What this item may amount to it is im
possible to say, but I should think ton per oent.
on the aggregate declared value would be a rea
sonable estimate. Nor does tho above value of
foreign imports embrace the actual smuggling of
foreign fabrics, which on our Lake and Mexican
frontiers, and on the numerous rivers and bays on
the Atlantic board, mustbsvery considerable, and
probably in the aggregate may amount to four or
five millions of dollars.
On the other side, tho value of our exports isthe
cost at tho shipping ports, and does not embrace
tlie increased value which foreigners pay us for
them, delivered in their ports, which increased
value consist of the freight so far as the merchan
dise has been conveyed in American vessels, insu
rance, profits, Ac. It is, of course impossible to
arrive at anything like a correct estimate ou the
above points; but ufter a good deal of examination
and reflection on the subject, I have come to the
conclusion that these uncertain items, connected
with the imports and exports of the country, pro
bably about balance each other, or, in other words
that tlie undervaluation of foreign invoioes and
the value of smuggled goods may be about an
equal offset to tho difference between the home
valuation of our exports and the value which
foreigners pay us for the latter delivered at their
ports, with the addition of freight, insurance, pro
fit, Ac. On this basis therefore, though the fi
gures given by the custom house returns may not
bo correct, yot tho result is about the truth, and
the real balance against us in our foreign trade
for the last fiscal year may be stated at the above
sum, or in round numbers, say $40,000,000 ; for
which we have provided by shipment* of spocic,
or by the transfer and sale of stocks. The bal
ance’certainly cannot be less than the sum I have
named, because many of our exported articles
are taken in foreign vossolb on foreign aocount.
But tliis by no means exhibits the full balance
that has been accumulated against us by foreign
ors during tlie last fiscal year.
Our host informed citizons, and those most con
versant with the subject estimate that our present
indebtedness to foreigners, principally to Europe,
in the shape of Federal, State, city, county, rail
road, canal, and other corporation bonds and
stocks, ia in tho sggregate not less than $800,000,-
000, whicli at an interest of six per cent., would
givo an additional animal amount of $18,000,000t0
bo provided for.
The expenditure of our citizens travelling in
Europe lias been estimated at as high a* toil mil
lions annually ; but though this class of oitizens
are among the most wealthy, and make a lavish
expenditure abioad, I think this amount is over
estimated, and that five millions would bo nearer
the mark, and oortainly does not exceod tho actual
outlay for that item.
The maintenance of tho navy on foreign stations
aud the diplomatic expenditures, amount to about
throe millions more. The payment of the indem
nity to Mexico under tho treaty of peace has for
the last few years involved an anuual foreign ex
penditure of three millions more ; but tho last of
this indemnity having been paid, no future out
lay on tlmt score will be required.
Tho remittances by our Irish immigrant* to their
friends in Ireland involve au amount whicli makes
it an itom of national importance. A lato English
paper state* that the receipts from this source are
equal to tho wholo of the poor rates of Ireland.—
Tlioro aro largo and wealthy firms in our sea-ports
who make it a prinolpul part of their business to
furnish such purties witn small bills of exchange,
of from £1 to £5 pounds sterling, for whioli they
charge an extra rato, and realize a heavy profit
Tho romitanccH, undor this head, will at a very
low estimate bo at least flvo millions of dollars per
annum. Something considerable is also sent out
by German and other immigrants.
Against all theso items of unrecorded outgoing!
[ know nothing incoming, except what money may
bo brought by iuimigants whioh probably may be
estimated at ten niililons of dollars per annum.
Tlioaooomitcurrent, then, of the United States
for tho last fiscal year with foreign countries will
stand as follows:
Excoss of import* over the exports
ot tho country. $40,000,000
Interest annually payable to foreign
ers on the stooks, Ac., held by
them. 18,000,000
Expenditure oftravellers, 5,000,000
Navy and diplomacy, 8,000,000
instalment to Moxioo, 8,000,000
Remittances to Ireland, 6,000,000
Total, $74,000,000
From this deduct the probable amount
of gold and silver brought into the
country by immigrants, 10,000,000
Loavingthesum of $64,000,000
as tho balance against the United States, toward
tlie aoltlomont of which wp have the official rooord
ofthe exportation above the importations $87,000,-
000 of gold and silver, and the balance of $27,000,-
000 lias no doubt been liquidated by remittance of
' Federal, State and other stocks.
From present appearances the probable halanco
of the current year will not be loss, and is likely to
be ovou more, which will muko a further drain
upon our gold and silvor and add a furthor amount
to our foreign indebtedness by additional trausmis
aions of stook, thus heaping up tho Europoan
mortgago upon tlie future labor and earning of the
countiy. Tho prospect is anything but agrooable
to contemplate. No wise or prudent man would
in my judgment, thus go in debt; nor do I think
■ it sound policy or tlie true path of duty for a na
tion to do it. 1 tiiink I see in this state of things
somo ot tlie symptoms, although not all which
preceded the break-down of 1840. For the rea
■ sons which I lmve stated, I hope the Senate will
adopt the resolution.
souator Seward, of New York, highly approved
ofthe resolution, for which he would vote, but
thought the views presented needed some qualifi
cation. He said:—
1 think there is a mis-estiuiate in the statistics
which the honorable Senator haa furnished the cor
rection of which will go far to remove tho appre
hensions whioh ho lias expressed. The item that
he sets down in his statistics of tho ooin brought
into this country by immigrants, I think is under
estimated. Isl recollect aright, the number of
immigrants, to this oountry lias now passed be
yond 400,000, and is tending towards 500,000 per
annum. The little acquaintance! have with the
subject has convinced mo that the amount of gold
and silver brought by these immigrants is much
larger than he makes it. The increase of popula
tion by immigration is crowding close upon the na>-
tivo increase. In tlie statistics which he has read
ho lias not made allowance for the profits which
uro made by our own merchant* upon the impor
.ation of this great amount. There is another
item whioh I think should be taken into the cal
culation, At the expiration of au average period of
live or sixyears, all those immigrants become pro
ducers—cfiiefly agricultural producers, in tho great
West; and they with their children, and their
children’s children, are conatantly increasing the
wealth of tlie eouutry in a geometrical ratio.—
There is another point whioh goes to dissipate
any apprehension of a speedy revulsion ; and that
is that the amount of gold that we can export is an
amount within certain limits, subject to onr own
powor of increase. W e export now what is wanted.
We export no more because Europe wants no more.
She will take no more. Bnt if there comes a return
of American credits or stooks, or other forms of
remittances, the increased amount which wo shall
send will supply that which conies back upon us.
It is said that that will be a drain from our own
country of gold, I answer that tho increased de
mand for gold there and here will bo attended by
increased facilities to transport to the many the
laborers and the capital which will be necessary
to increase the supply of gold. With that will
eomo a reduction of tlie cost of mining, and an in
crease of the amount produced.
These circumstances, which stand out promi
nently upon the first view, incline me to believe
that tor trio present there is no serious ground
of apprehension. If the remarks ofthe honora
ble Senator had gone abroad witnout being ac
companied by some adverse explanation, there
might have been a misapprehension excited in the
public min At the same time, as I stated be
fore, I shall cheerfully support the resolution: for
I agree entirely with him, that, instead of sending
paper to Enciand, we had better send gold, ana
instead ot sendingeither wo had better send what
ever we cau produce by cultivating the soil or by
manufacturing its products.
Mr. Broadhead aid not wish to bo understood
as expressing the opinion that any thing like a
commercial revulsion was to be immediately ap
prehended. It was the desire to prevent such a
ca'astrophe, either in the approximate future or at
some distant day, that had impressed him with
the duty of bringing to the notice of the Senate
and to the country the fact* which he had collect
ed.
Railroad Convention. —The annual meeting of
the Stockholders of the Memphis and Charleston
Railroad met in this place on Monday last. A ma
jority of the stock being represented, it was organ
ized by calling Gov. Clay to the Chair.
\ ery full, lucid, interestingand able report* were
read trom the President, Col. Mills—Maj. Cooper,
the Engineer, uud the Secretaries at Memphis and
Ilunk'vUie. The exhibit made of the condition,
progress and prospects of the road was indeed grat
ifying. The report* will be published and will
sliow that the portion* of road completed are great
ly exceeding all calculation* a* to profitableness.
" Maj. Cooper, in his report, showed that he had,
by actual survey, and accurate estimates, found a
now route from beyond Tnscumbia to La Grange,
Tenn., which is 10 miles shorter and will coot
$65c,000 less than the Holly Springs route—all in
Alabama and Tennessee, too, exoept 80 miles. It
is quite evident that the route indicated by this
report, will be selected by the stockholders, as far
a* it lias in the two States named.
The convention is now (Tuesday morning) still
in session. —HuniavilU Advocate, Apt ill.
From San Jcan.— We are informed that private
letters received in this city from San Juan del
Norte, by the Daniel Webster, state that tha diffi
culties between tlie citizens of that place and the
Nicaragua Transit Company were on the eve of
an amicable settlement, and the reorganization of
the former authorities there was in contemplation.
On the last trip the steamers of the oompany
landed their passenger* in the town of S*n Juan
instead of landing them on the other bank of the
river, thus removing » fertile can*# of irritation.—
Pic. Ttt.
From the N. O. Picayune, ilhinst.
From the Bio Grao4e.
W« have reoeived the American Flag to the
80th ult., which eeye:
Wo have juat been shown a letter from a gen
tleman in Edinburgh, which state* that Carvajal
had again crossed the river from this bank and
had taken possession of the small town of Rey
noea. This bend of adventurers, the letter state*,
numbers some sixty men, under the immediate
oommand of Capt. Norton, one of the leaders of
the first movement of Carvajal, and who loat an
arm at the attack on Matamoros. The real object
of this fourth foray of Carvajal, seems to have
made itself manifest at the outset, as it is said
that one of the first act* of these men on entering
Reynoea was to seize on two of its principal citi
zen*, the alcadcs, or civil magistrates, and hang
them up until they had extorted from them the
sum of S4OOO as the prioe of their lives aud the
security of the defenceless citizens.
The Flag speaks in strong but just terms of
condemnation of these lawless forays and calls for
some energetic action on the part of the Govern
ment.
A rumor was current in Brownsville that the
town of Edinburgh had been destroyed from some
cause growing out of the new filibuster movement,
but the flag was unable to trace it to any reliable
source. Edinburgh is an American town situated
in front ot the Mexican town of Reynosa.
The Brownßville correspondent of the N. O.
Delta, writing under date of the 80th ult., 1 r.
M-, add* probability to thi* rumor. He says :
I have seen a private letter addressed to a gen
tleman of this place, which says that the party un
der Major Norton was composed of Americans
and Mexicans, who alleged that they were acting
under Carvajal’s order. They commenced by ex
acting S4OOO, but as the amount could not be im
medately raised on either side of the river, they
finally agreed to take sl4lß in cash, and Mr. E. D.
Smith’s (of Edinburgh,) note for $582, at twenty
oays. They had been gone but a short time whea
a party from Reynosa and Camargo overtook them
some nine miles from the town, when some shots
were fired,and a Mexican named Garcia Galvan was
killed. The adventurers crossed over to this side
on last Saturday night, and insmall parties passed
through Edinburgh on Sunday, en route for Rio
Grande city. The citizens of Edinburgh are
alarmed, and fear that the Mexicans will re
taliate by robbing and burning down their
defenceless town. They call aloud for pro
tection, and trust that the great men in Wash
ington city will reflect that the settler on the
extreme frontier is always in more danger
than the members of Congresa, who lounge about
the Capital, talking politics, bowing to the ladies,
and drinking brandy juleps. Sandho.
The Mexican Consul had notified parties who
were about to send a schooner to Tehuantepec
that that port had been closed by the Government.
The bill to incorporate the Brownsville and Kio
Grande Railroad having passed the Legislature a
movement was on foot to get np the company for
tho enterprise. The road is to run from a suitable
point on the Laguna Madre, Brazos Santiago, Bra
zos or Clark’s Islands, and thence by such course
and to such points on the Rio Granae, and up and
down said river,and by the way of the Sal del Key,
a» may be deemed beßt by the company.
We subjoin letters from our attentive correspon
dents:
Brownsville, March 29, 1853.
iftttra. Editors:— The following is an extract
from a letter receivod to-day from a gentleman
residing in Edinburg, and as it contains a fair
statement of an event which has recently taken
place on this frontier, I transmit it toyou for pub
lication :
Edinscro, March 28, 1858.
Sir— VYe are threatened with an attack on this
place by a band of men from the vioinity of Rey
nosa, in retaliation for an outrageous act commit
ted by a party of Americans and Mexicans under
the command of Major Norton, on the inhabitants
of Reynosa, on Saturday last. He entered the
town ou the morning of that day at the head of
some fifty men, and made a demand of a large sum
of money in the namo of Carvajal. Finding mo
ney scarce, ho limited his demand to four thousand
dollars, and that amount be demanded of Fran
cisco Garcia and Trinidad Flores. They sent for
me, requesting me to bring all tho money I had.
I did so, and on my arrival found theabove named
men prisoners. I "finally effected an arrangement
with Norton to release them for $2,000.
We are now threatened with the destruction of
this place. * * *
The party referred to in the above letter is a por
tion of the force now being organized under Cara
jal for a foray against the Mexican frontier.
The American portion of this force has been re
cruited principally from tlie companies of Rangers
recently discharged from the service of the State.
The Mexican portion consist*, as far as is known,
of a portion cf those persons who were formerly
assooiuted with Carvajal, and formed what was
called at the time, “the Liberating Army of Mexi
oo.” Yours, Ac., E.
Correspondence of the Picayune.
Brownsville, March 80,1858.
Gentlemen —Presuming that an account, al
though a hasty one, of the filibustering operations
along tho Rio Grande will not be unacceptable, I
sondyouafew lines in relation thereto. Carvajal,
the second Washington, as he styled himself just
before ho ran away from Matamoros, is again in
arms, robbing and plundering tho frontier, and
unless a strong arm is interposed for our protec
tion the scenoß o f two years ago will be renewed.
Sometime before the Texas Rangers wore disband
ed, it was known that Carvajal was intriguing
with them to join his standard, and it appears with
considerable success. Thoy were mustered out of
the State service about the 6th of this month, and
as Boon as thoy could be united a plan of attacking
Reynosa was formed, and carriod out a few days
ago. A Major Norton, who lost an arm at Mata
moros, and ai present a justice of the peace, took
possession of Reynosa on the 28th inst., with fifty
or sixty Americans, mostly disbanded Rangers.—
Ho demanded a large sum of money in the name
of Carvajal,’ and aB the article was somewhat
scarce, he strung up the alcalde until ho turned
over the money, when he returned with liiß plun
der on this side of the rivor.
It is reported that one or two Mexicans were
killed by the way of pastime. Carvajal U said to
bo above with a muon larger force, threatening
Camargo. He is supposed to have about one hun
dred Rangers witli him, and a largo party of rene
gade Moxioans. The movoment iB a marauding
one, which adds ten-fold to its enormity. The
Mexicans threaten to retaliate, and an express has
boen reoeived from Edinburg for military proteo
tion. Tho commanding officer of Fort Brown ha?
sent up a small detachment of foot, but thoy will
be of little servioe. We want protection on the
Rio Grande. There is an entire regiment of
mounted rifles somewhere on tho prairfes. which
should be slong our river. From Ringgold down
a distance ol some 200 milos, there is not a single
mounted man. Yours, Brownsville.
Havana Items.
We oull from the Havana correspondence ot the
N. 0. Delta , the following items of news:
March 80, 1858.
Santa Anna— Some Grand Scheme on Hand.—
Santa Anna arrived by the British steamer on the
27th. and left on the following day for Mexico.—
Muon excitement was caused by his arrival, and, if
the Diario do la Marina be correct, ho is, on his ar
rival in Mexioo, to oarrv on a war of races. You
will, perhaps, be incredulous, but the Spaniards
are in hopos of establishing an empire in Mexico.
This appears to be a wild schemo, but however ab
surd it may appear, they, to my knowledge, have
boon intriguing for sometime in the affair, assisted
by Spanish mercliai ts and others in Mexioo; and
many of the journals in that country, edited by
Spaniards, have been preparing the way. Santa
Anna had a very long interview with General Ca
liodo, and four Spanish officers accompany the
former to his country, and I am credibly informed
that sixteen superior officers have asked for per
mission to follow him. ,
Tho Dairio de la Mariana has published an arti
cle, which I inclose with a translatir n, which makes
it ovident that some grand scheme is to be tried in
Mexico; but I think that the Spaniards will find
out that they have calculated without their host,
for tho Mexicans, in tho majority, know too well,
that, however wretched they may be at present,
that it is far preferable to the intolerant rule of the
Spaniards.
■ORE EXECUTIONS.
I am informed that the Cubans who have been
condemned for contemplating a conspiracy to free
tlicir oountry, are to be oxecuted to-morrow. They
nro victims to the fear and cowardice of their op
pressors, who, by their death, will bring a terrible
vengeance upon the bloodthirsty Spaniards when
the moment shall arrive. With the death of those
unfortunate individuals, inoluding the never-to
be-fftrgotten fifty, seventy persons will have been
massacred in cold blood, to support tho rule of
odious Spain in this fair island, whose inhabitants
wish to see it united to the United States; still,
thoro are men amongst you, who justify the pro
ceedings of the Spaniards, and almost rejoice at
their ciuelty! What will man not do for money ?
THE SLAVE TRADE.
To pass from this painful subjeot, I will now
speak of the British, who are going, it is said, to
force the Spaniards to put down tho slave trade.—
Two of the fleet of steamers that they sent ont for
the purpose, have arrived, and if they are only to
bring the Spaniards to their senses upon the sub
ject of slaving, I shall not complain, but it may
happen that Great Britain contemplates killing two
birds with one Btone; she will play the devil with
the Spaniards, and at the same time keep a watch
upon the movements of the United States.
Large numbers of negioes are now arriviug al
most daily, and during a long residence in the
island, I have never seen the bnsinoss so active.—
Last week somo 1200 were landed not a hundred
miles from Havana. Eight hundred were even
landed near Cardenas, but in this case the Govern
or has been forced by the British Consul to make
some seizures, which he has done tor appearance
sake, and now, for that, he has the Catalans upon
him, so that he hardly knows what to do.
MORE TROOPS.
Some seven or eight hundred troops have just
arrived, and as they came packed like herrings—
one vessel having brought five hundred, measur
ing only 400 tons—before long many of them will
not be able to answer at muster. In most cases,
about 25 per cent, of the new troops die during
their first years’ residence in the island. Ameri
cans, however, do not suffer much, and even Eu
ropeans, who have resided in the United States for
some time, suffer little in comparision with per
sons direct from Europe.
A STORM.
A storm is brewing; should it burst on Cuba be
fore mv noxt, I trust to bo able to relate its effect.
Until then, Bon Soir. Yours, &c. C. C. E.
P. S.—At the last moment, I have to inform you
that news has been received from the country, that
a famous robber called “ El Maneo,’ - that is, One
armed, is causing quite a consternation. He is at
the head of upwards of a hundred men, and is set
ting all at defiance, killing the Spaniards in all di
rections. Rome rose from a Hand of robbers; why
should not an army of Cuban patriots rise under
cover of this little army, of what is now called a
robber band.
MURDERS.
No less than five murders were committed last
night in the city, outside the walls.
NOT EXECUTED.
The prisoners have not been executed, as was
expected, and all is again uncertainty in regard to
their fate. C. C. L.
Silver at the Mint.—The following circular has
been issued from the United States Mint, under the
late aot of Congress:
Mint or the United States, (
Philadelphia, March 81st, 1858. j
By virtue of the 2d section of the act of Congress
approved February 21st, ISSB, the Treasurer of
tho Mint, with the approval of the Director, gives
notice that he is pr pared to purchase Silver Coin
and Bullion, delivered at the Mint, on the follow
ing terms, viz:
For Dollars of Maxico, Peru, Bolivia, Chili. Bra
zil (re-stamped) and Spain, for francs, for Silver
Coins of the United States, other than the three
cents, the price paid will be $1.21 an ounce, gross.
For Thalers of Sweden and Northern States of
Germany, sl.Ol an ounce. For Silvei in bars,
$1.21 per each ounce, at standard fineness, (9-10ths)
as determined on assay at the Mint. The pay
ment will be made in gold coins, or in silver coins
new emission, at the option of the seller. Parties
furnishing Stiver to the Mint, according to the
terms of this notice, will receive a preference in ex
changes for the new Silver Coin, according to the
order of priority of their sales to the Mint. It is
expected that an emission of new coinage will be
made by the middle of April, The prices herein
fixed wUI continue until further notice.
Approved, G. N. Eckert, Director.
(Signed,) E. C. Dale, Treasurer.
Messrs. Adams & Co., whose express reaches to
every part of the oountry, have sent ont large
numbers of these circulars, and the result already
has been that large amounts of silver have been
sent iorward through them, to the Mint for the re
coining. The result we hope, will be the increase
of silver currency throughout the country.— Balt.
Am.
The Illinois Railroad Lines now building stand
so greatly in need of laborers, that some of the
companies are importing men direct from Ireland,
to supply the deficiency,
Baropean Intelligence.
We subjoin various additional items by steamer
Arctic, from Liverpool, 28d March.
In consequence of the position of Turkish affairs,
prices at the French Bourse had fallen alarmingly,
and English funds were also temporarily deprea-
Thz Latest.—London, March 28d.—A despatch
received by sub-marine telegraph, from Paris, says
that the latest news received by the French Go
vernment leads to the belief that the Turkfch affair
will be amicably settled.
Great adulterations have been detected in some
of the import* of Australian gold. Sixteen ships
had sailed within the week from the port of Lon
don for Australia.
France.— lt was stated on Thursday, in the
diplomatic circles, that at the interview which took
place between the Emperor and Lord Stratford de
Kedclilfe, on the previous day, the Emperor re
peated in the strongest possible terms, his desire
to act cordially with the English Government on
the Eastern question, as the only means of pre
venting a conflict, which would only lead to the
dismemberment of the Turkish Empire or a war
in Europe.
It is currently reported that the Emperor of
Austria has represented to the Pope, in strong
terms, that as the representative of an ancient
monarchy, he desires to assert his right to prece
dence before Napoleon 111, and that he would feel
himself slighted if the Pope were to crown the
French Emperor until several months after his
own coronation by the head of the Church at
▼itnna.
The Legislative body met on Friday, when the
President announced that he had reoeived from
the Minister of State the budget of 1858. The
amount of revenue is 1,528,000,000 f, that of the
the expenditure, 1,519,OOOf; which gives a su - plus
of revenue of 9,000,000 f.
Lamentable Suicide ov as Actress. —Mad’lle
Marthe, a beautiful and charming actress, com
mitted suicide, in Paris, last week, under very dis
tressing circumstances. She was much attached
to the PrinceCamerata, a relative of the Emperor’s,
who put an end to his existence early in the pre
sent month ; and fearing that she would be trou
bled by his friends and relatives, in consequence
of some valuable presents he had given to her, she
suffocated herself with charcoal. These two events
have shed a deep gloom over Paris, and caused
universal regret.
Patagonia. — Attack on an Emigrant Ship.—ln
telligence has been received at Lloyd’s, under
date, Stanley, Falkland Islands, Jan. 5, of a moat
daring attack on the ship Porcupine, of Liverpool,
Millinger, master, by the Patagonians. It seems
that on passing through the Straits of Magellan,
on her way to California, the Porcupine grounded.
Early the next morning the ship was surrounded
by numerous canoes, fall of natives. The captain
thinking they might be useful in getting the ship
off, let some of the principle chiefe come on deck,
when they offered to exchange a copy of “ John
son’s Comprehensive Dictionary,” signed ou the
fly-leaf, “John Badiam, January, 1851,” a Prayer
book, and other articles, evidently belonging to an
English ship. The captain, now observing a fleet
of canoes approaching nearer, many bearing lighted
pine branches, gave orders for the crew and' pas
sengere, most of whom had revolvers, to arm
themselves, a terrific conflict ensued; the savages
fought desperately, and tried to burn the ship.—
After a severe struggle and great slaughter, they
were beaten off', and 800 bags of oats being thrown
overboard, the ship floated. Two of the emigrants,
named George Rowsell and Henry Boyle, were
killed, and several others severly wounded. The
ship returned to the Falkland Islands, terribly dis
abled.
Turkey.— The threatening aspect of Russia to
wards Turkey has caused the highest degree of
excitement, not only at Constantinople, but in
France, and in a lesser degree in England. In the
late demands of Austria on the Porte, public feel
ing was tranquilized by the thought that Russia
took no part in the matter. No sooner,however,bad
the Sultan succumbed to the Austrian demands,
than Russia under the pretext of a mission to
treat respecting the disagreements arising from
the guardianship of the Holy Places, ana other
matters which diplomatic custom would have con
fided to an envoy of no special prestige, despatch
ed Prince Menschikoff) Minister ot Marine, with
the accompaniment of a staff of military and na
val officers, that gives his embassy more the ap
pearance of a challenge to an enemy than of a
mission to strengthen the footing betweon friendly
powers. Previous to his setting out for Constanti
nople, this envoy, Menschikoff, passed in review
the army on the Turkish frontior, and the Russian
fleet in the Euxinc, —gave as thorough a drilling
to both as could have been done in view of a cam
paign, and even practised the troops of all rrms in
embarkation and disembarkation from the ships.
These facts, although kept quiet at the time, have
been elicited by the haughty tone assumed by
Menschikoff towards the Porte; and, at maybe
supposed, havo not tended to assaugc the alarm
which conduct so unlookod for naturally induced.
Turkey, after all, being the weak spot in the rela
tions between Russia, Franco and England, the
public funds of the two latter countries have
shown a depression, although much more in
Frauce than in England. A curious, and highly
important feature in tho present aspect of this
“ vory pretty quarrel,” is the evident disinclina
tion of England to interfere in the business. This
disinclination is so evident as to have provoked
tho sarc sm of the Continental press, and especial
ly of the French papers. The London Times has,
indeed, stepped forward as the advocate of letting
Turkey drop to pieces if she will, and argues that
the integrity of the Ottoman Empire in Europe is
no longer necessary to preserve the balance of
power. Although the Times has doubtless weighty
reasons.for its opinion, it is not considered that
the present feeling of the British Gove, nment is
much different. In the meantime, the Admiralty
(so far as is known) has contented itself with or
dering a few ships to reinforce the Mcditteranean
squadron, the French fleet having on the first in
telligence of the difficulties received orders to pro
ceed _to the Archipelago. While this want of
alacrity is displayed in England, Mr. Rose, acting
for Britain at Constantinople, had dispatched the
steamer “Wasp” with dispatches, dated Bth, for
England, and, it was stated, with instructions to
the British fleet at Malta to hasten with all speed to
th e Dardanelles. Notwithstanding these threat
ening appearances, it is reported in England to be
the opinion both of the French and Austrian
Courts, that the matters in dispute will be peacea
bly arranged. Dp to the latest accounts we are
without authentic information as to what the de
mands of Russia really are. A careful considera
tion of all the information we can come at, leads
to the inference that tho Russian Government
lias, in fact, to tho present time, demanded
nothing in particular, but has exhibited such an
amount ot what is vulgarlarly eallod “ sauce” as
has thrown the whole diplomatic world into a
state of the liveliest indignation,—a not unlikely
The following, from the Times correspondence,
gives some furthor details. The demonstration of
welcome on Montschikoff’s arrival, therein refer
red to, is spoken of by other papers as altogether
an affair gotten up at the Russian embassy,—an in
cident in the play:
“ Accounts from Constantinople to tho sth, by
way of Marseilles, and to the Btn byway of Vien
na, have arrived. They dwell principally on the
mission of the Russian Minister of Marine, Gen
oral Prince Mentschikoff, aud are of considerable
interest and importance. The object of the Gener
al appears to have been to show more hauteur to
the Turkish government, nnd in a more public
manner, than Count de Leigiugen, the Austrian
envoy, displayed, Before embarking at Odessa,
lie passed a review of the Russian fleet in theßlaok
Sea, and of the oorps of disembarkation which
Russia has kept on a war footing in the port of Se
bastopol sinco 1888. 27 vessels of war—ships of
the lino, frigates, or large steamers—and 80,000 sol
diers, were assembled on this occasion; and the
greatest eclat possible was given to the review,
with, it is supposed, the view of causing it to be
known at Constantinople. The General then pro
ceeded to Constantinople on board the Russian
war steamer the Fondroyant, and arrived in that
city on the 28th of February. He was accompa
nied by Count Dimitri Nesselrode as secretary; by
two generals, ono of them Gen. Nipocatscinski,
Commander-in-Chief of tho sth oorps d’armee;
bv two admirals, one of them Vioe-Admiral Corn
iloff, commanding the naval forces in the Black
Sea; by two colonels and two lieutenant-colonels,
as aides-de-camp; and by five captains os orderly
officers. Sinco the celebrated embassy of Koutou
soff at tho end of the last century, no mission of
this kind has been seen at Constantinople. Prince
Mcntschikoff and his suite were received, on dis
embarking at Topkliane, by all the employees of
the Russian emoassy, and by between 6,000 and
8,000 Russian subjects or members of the Greek
religion: and he was escorted by them with great
pomp to his hotel.
On the 2d of March the Prince wont to the Porte
to pay a visit to tho Grand Vizier, but, contrary to
all usages, he did not appear in the uniform of his
rank, but fn plain clothes. What took place at the
interview is not precisely known; but what is cer
tain is, that when, on taken his leave, the Grand
Vizier invited him, in conformity with the diplo
matic usages at Constantinople, to pay a visit to the
Minister of Foreign Affairs, Fuad Effendi, who
was waiting to receive him, he replied in a very
disdainful tone, aud before several witnesses, that
he would not see that Minister, as Mb Government,
and especially its accredited Minister at Constan
tinople, Mr. Oieroff, had to reproach him with
several breaches of faith. In consequence of this
Fuad Effendi gave in his resignation. It is said
in one of the letters from Constantinople, that the
demands mode by Prince Mentschikoff on the
Grand Vizier, and supported bv this demonstra
tion, were not less offensive to the Porte than the
remarks on one of its Ministers. It was said,
among other things, that the Prince demanded, in
tho name of his Government, that the Emperor of
Russia should henceforth be officially recognized
as the protector of tho Greek Christians, subjects
of Turkey, sis France has been for some centuries
of the Catholics in the Levant; and that the elec
tion of the patriarch of Constantinople should
henceforth be ntado by the Greeks, and omfirraed
by the Emperor of Russia, to the exclusion of the
Sultan, who at preseut has the right of nomina
tions and investiture. The day after this inter
view Fuad Effendi was replaced by Rifaat Pacha,
who has boon nominated Ambassador at Vienna,
aud who is considered one of the chiefs of what is
called the Austrian party at Constantinople.
The Miuister held a Council the same day, and
put themselves in communication with the foreign
diplomatic body. On the 4th of March, either on
the solicitation of the Diven, or spontaneously, the
English Charge d’Affaires, Colonel Rose, according
to another letter from Constantinople, proposed
to send a steamer to Admiral Dundas, command
ing the English fleet in the Mediterranean, who
was then at Malta, inviting him to approach the
Dardanelles with his fleet. The proposition was,
it is said, at first accepted; but on the 6th, it
seemed to be set aside. On the Sth, however, the
English vessel Wasp was sent off to Malta with a
letter from Colonel Rose for Admiral Dundas,
and with despatches to be forwarded to London
via Marseilles. The fleet of Admiral Dundas’con
sists of six men of-war and a dozen frigates and
smaller vessels, but, if circumstances should re
quire, it can easily be doubled.
From the Times of 22d, we learn that Admiral
Dundas in command of the fleet at Malta, found
his instructions would not allow him to obey the
request of Mr. Bose for his presence in the
Dardanelles, without special orders from England.
The British fleet therefore remains at Malt , and
the French squadron will probably rendezvous off
the coast of Greece, or Smyrna, to watch the course
of events. The Patrie states that the Russian fleet
had not quitted Sebastopol, and that the report of
a division of that fleet having at Kili, a short dis
tance from the entrance to the Straits of Constan
tinople is erroneous. The English force in the
Mediterranean is 666 guns.
Paris, March 22d, 8 A. M.— From the Time*.—
The Monitucr, of this morning, states that, accord
ing to special accounts from Constantinople, there
was a prospect of a settlement of the Oriental af
fairs, without compromising the good understand
ing existing between the European powers.
ScBTEYEORTBE SAVANNAH AND ALBANY BalL
boad Completed.— /The survey for the Savannah
and Albany Railroad was completed to Albany
yesterday, and from Mr. MacPherson B. Millen,
Chief Assistant Engineer, we obtain the following
particulars : , .
The distance from Savannah to Albany, is with
in a fraction of 198% miles, viz: from Savannah
to Altamaha, ;n round numbers, 51 miles ; from
thence to Aiapaha, 100 miles; from thence to Al
bany 48 miles. The highest point on the line is
between the Flint and Little River, (station, 9298)
distant IS miles from Albany, which is 459 feet
above tide water. The following are the elevations
at Albany above tide water at Savannah—surfece
water of Flint river, 171 feet, (greatest depth of
water at present stage 17 feet); east bank of nver
(first bluffi ISB feet; Broad street at the market
house, 216 feet. The Harrison freshet m Flint
river was 197 feet above tide water.
One hundred and fifty miles of the surveyed
line is very level, and forty-three miles only com
paratively broken. .. . . , -
The survey was commenced on the first of Jan
uary 1858, and completed on the 7th of April. The
whole distance run, has been 840 miles, or an aver
age of 4 miles per day ; 10% miles being the
greatest ran in any one day, and 1% miiaa the
least.— Albany Patriot, 8t& imt.
A Washington item says that Mr* Soule is to be
nominated Minister to Spain,
wmm
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL 13, 1868
The Railroad Crowing.
Last Friday, for the first time, the passenger
trains of the South Carolina Railroad passed over
the Savannah river and delivered the passengers
and mails in this city. It had been announced in
the morning that an extra train would leave
Charleston, bringing a large nnmber of Charlesto
nians and Carolinians, which, together with the
novelty of the thing, drew out quite a large con
course of our citizens to witness the arrival of the
two trains. They came over in quiet, handsome
style, and were greeted with a shout, which was
cordially responded to by those within the cars.
There having been no previous arrangement,
there was no ; and the visitors (there
were about two hundred) descended from the cars
and quietly wended their way to the Hotels.
We cannot deny ourselves the pleasure it affords
us, to welcome, most cordially welcome our visitors,
and to express the earnest and sincere hope, that
their visit may contribute much, very much, to ce
ment still more closely the interests of the two
cities and States, and to cultivate more intimate
personal and commercial relations between the
people.
Arkansas Railroad.
Memphis is moving in the great work of Inter
nal Improvement. The citizens are about to de
oide by ballot upon subscribing $860,000 to the Ar
kansas Central Railroad, which will oonnect Little
Rock with Memphis.
People are everywhere beginning to appreciate
the advantages and influence of Railroads upon
their prosperity; and cities are learning, that, to
sustain themselves in the great race of progress,
or rather to avoid being numbered among things
that were, they must enter the field with purse
strings loosed, to lubricate the muscles and sinews
of that great producer of capital, the laborer.—
These truths established, the people are aroused,
and the great work of improvement is perceptibly
moving forward every second of time.
Let Arkansas build the great thoroughfare, and
the lands which she cannot now give away will bo
of priceless value, and Memphis will reap a thou
sand fold that which she has sown.
DeKalb Superior Court is progressing at Decatur,
Judge Hill upon the Bench. We understand that
there are only seven in jail for murder, and only
about fourteen or fifteen in all who are confined on
oriminal charges. Rum presided at the perpetra
tion of all these offences.
W e clip tho above paragraph from the Atlanta
Republican. It is, we confess, a melancholy pic
ture of the effects of intemperance, tho immediate
consequence of our system of retailing. Perhaps
the good citizens of DeKalb County may be in
duced to take into consideration, and solve the
problem, whether the “ great and glorious privi
lege of retailing” is worth preserving, at the cost
of such an amount of human life, crime and mis
ery, to say nothing of the money it cests them to
sustain such a system.
Nashville and Davidson county have decided,
by an average majority of 861 votes, to subscribe
one million of dollars to tho four railroads con
nected with that city.
The majorities for the different roads are as fol
lows:
For the LouiSTille and Nashville Road 366
“ Tennessee and Alabama Road 424
“ Nashville and N. W. Road 831
“ Edgefield and Kentucky Road 316
Tho vote seems to have been a large one, and
the result speaks well for the intelligence, enter
prise and public spirit of the people.
The Hon. John J. Crittenden was tendored a
public dinner by the citizens of Mobile, without
distinction of party, on his arrival in that city.—
He had taken time to decide upon his acceptance.
Gamblin'* on the Crop.— lt is proposed in
Charleston to make up a purse, (eaoh man putting
ing in five dollars,) to be awarded to him who
shall guess nearest the Cotton crop of 1852-fl, ac
cording to tho Annual Statement of the New York
Skipping and Commeroial Lilt.
Artesian W ell in Albany.— A company of the
citizens of Albany have made the necessary ar
rangements for the construction of an Artesian
Well in that place, and the operators are on the
ground to enter upon the work.
A Well Merited Compliment.— We understand
that Dr. Chase, of this city, has been eleoted an
honorary member of the Baltimore College of
Dental Surgeons, with the degree of Doctor of
Dental Surgery. Dr. C. is highly esteemed among
us, as a courteous gentleman and an accomplished
master of his profession, and we rejoice in this
evidence that he is deservedly appreciated abroad.
Washington Monument.— The contributions
to the Monument fund during the month of March,
wore $3,892.86. The expenditures for the same
time, $1,400.52,
New Publications.
Autobiography of an English Soldier in the
United States Army is the title of a new work for
which wo are indebted to Geo. A. Oats & Brothers.
It seems to be a “ plain unvarnished tale” of the
doings of our army in Moxico, and contains much
that we have not before noticed in any work on
the subject. It is from the press of Stringer &
Townsend, and is “gotup” in excellent style,
forming a handsome volume of nearly three hun
dred pages.
Late Pears. —We have received, from Abram
M. Jacxbon, Esq., of Monroe, Walton County, Ga.,
a winter pear, in a remarkable state of preserva
tion, considering tho lateness of the season. Mr.
Jackson states that he will be prepared to furnish
trees and grafts the coming fall.
Unfortunate. —We regret to learn, says the
Sandersville Georgian, that on Saturday last, while
the family were at church, the house of Mr. John
Brantley, who lives on the Ohoopie, was entirely
consumod by fire, and a young girl about thirteen
years of age, who was left in charge of the
premises, was consumed with it. Only a small
portion of her remains were found. The girl, we
are informed was nearly an idiot, and probably
perished in her abortive attempts to stop the fire.
Lieutenant Berryman, of the United States brig
Dolphin, has performed the most acceptable ser
vice of running two lines of deep sea sounding
across the Atlantic. The results give plausibility,
in Lient. Maury’s opinion, to the conjecture that
the north Atlantic ocean is probable nowhere
much more than 5,000 fathoms (80,00 feet) deep,
Lieut. B. also made an extended search for the
“Eight Stones” and “Juan Hammond’s Rook,”
dangerous obstacles to navigation, but was unable
to find either of them. He is certain that neither
of them exist, and Lient. Maury, concurring with
him in opinio i, has-directed them to be erased
from the Government charts.
Arrival or Portuguese Christians. —The brig
Comet, which arrived at Baltimore a few days
since, brought as passengers fifty of the prosecuted
Portagucse, who fled to Trinidad from Madeira
about five years since. They are now on their
way to join the settlement of their friends in the
State of Illinois. They are principally conneoted
with the Presbyterian church, a few only being
Baptists.
Education of Idiot£ —The House of Represent
atives of Pennsylvania has passed a bill appropri
ating the sum of SBO,OOO for the endowment of an
institution in Philadelphia for the education of
idiots.
Safety of the Steam Ship Uuion.— Captain
Schench of the steamer El Dorado, whose arrival
at New York was announced in our telegraph
news of yesterday morning, reports that the
steamer Union, on her way to As’-inwall to New
York, with 80 passengers, when within 200 miles
of Jamaica, broke the crank pin of her starboard
engine. The wind blowing strong ahoad at the
time, and being unable to reach Jamaica, she was
compelled to return to Aepinwall, and was there
when the El Dorado left, endeavoring to repair.
Invention W Chess.— According to M. Basterot
a late French authority, this game was invented
during the 6th century by an Indian Brahmin called
Sisla, who presented his invention to the reigning
monarch, Sirham, requesting as a reward, one
grain of wheat for the first square, two grains
for the second, and four for the third, and so on,
in geometric progression, up to the sixty-fourth;
to reach the amount of this humble request, the
author informs ns, would require the entire wheat
crop of France during 140 years!
Illness or Chief Justice Taney. —The Wash
ington Republic of Monday says: “We regret to
learn, by a telegraphic despatch from Baltimore,
that the Hon. Roger B. Taney, Chief Justice of
the Supreme Court of the United States, was yes
terday evening quite ill at his residence in that
city.
Monument to De Witt Clinton.— Mr. Henry
K. Browne, of Brooklyn, whose career as a sculp
tor commenced in Albany, New York, has execu
ted in bronze, a colossol figure of Clinton. It is
proposed to make application to the Legislature to
authorize its erection in the capital parks at Albany.
The cost is estimated at about |20,000.
A philanthropist in Missouri has just invented
a cradle which, on being wound up like a clock,
will rock the baby twenty-four hours without stop
ping-
By the Bremen brig Wilhelmine, arrived at New
York from Rio Janeiro, we learn that the fever
was on the increase on the 6th of February, and
was raging with great virulence among the ship
ping in port.
The directors of the Crystal Palace in New York,
offer a prize of S2OO for a prize medal, not more
than three inches in diameter, that shall be suita
ble to award in the several departments of the
exhibition, to the most capable and eminent ex
hibitors.
The Hon. Thos. F. Marshall was killed by one
of his tenants, near Maysville, Kentuoky, on the
80th ult.
The steamship Union, for whose safety some ap
prehensions had been entertained, has, we are
gratified to peroeive, arrived at New York from
AapiawalL
Ctty Election.
The following is tha result of the Election held
on Monday in this city, for Mayor and 13 Members
of Council:
FOB MATOX.
Roaring. mil.
First Ward, 225 61
Second “ 124 77
Third “ 140 64
Fourth “ 199 ISO
688 832
Hearing's majority 856
MEMBERS or COUNCIL.
Fir it Ward —John Foster, 226
Foster Blndget, 222
James B. Bishop, 195
E. H. Rogers, 95
Wm. Glover, 61
S. H. Cramp, 68
Second Ward —Thomas B. Phinizy, 168
H. D. Bell, 122
• Sam’l M. Thompson, 102
James M. Dye, 101
J. M. Simpson, 89
Albert Hatch, 87
Third Ward —B. Conley, 140
R. H. May, 158
C. A. Platt, 127
L. S. Morris, 116
Fourth Ward —J. K. Jackson, 205
R. H. Gardiner, Jr., 184
James Harper, 176
R. Philip, 168
J. Robertson, 186
E. D. Robertson, 129
The first three named in each Ward are elected.
Politically the Council stands eight Whigs and
four Democrats.
Mail Robert.—The Nashville Whig of the sth
inst says:—Mr. Hutchins, of the firm of Hutchins
& Co., of Louisvil e, passed through this city yes
terday, en rente for Louisville, having in custody
Col. Levy, U. S. Mail Agent, charged with hav
ing robbed the mail in Louisville of a package con
taining over $4,000. The circumstances, as we
learned them, are substantially as follows: Hut
chins & Co., about ten days since, mailed the pack
age at Louisville, (all the notes having been pre
viously branded with their private mark,) to
Shapard & Co., of this city, and telegraphed the
same. The mail arrived without the package.—
Shapard & Co., immediately telegraphed to Hutch
ins <fe Co., Louisville. Upon examination at that
offioe it was the opinion of the Postmaster, Mr.
Edwards, that the Mail Agent, Mr. Levy, had taken
the package. Mr. Hutchins immediately started
in pursuit. Arriving in this oity, he learned that
Mr. Levy, after examining this office, as is the
business of the Mail Agont, had given out that he
was going to Dresden, Tennessee.
Mr. Hutchins, however, for some reason, took
the cars, and passing Chattanooga without obtain
ing any clue to him, he finally overtook him at At
lanta, Georgia, traveling under an assumed name,
but unfortunately for him having in his possession
an umbrella marked “stolen from Col. Levy.’)
Mr. Hutchins on his trip found several of the bills
belonging to the package in the hands of persetas
who had changed them, and actually stood beside
Mr. Levy and saw him purchase a railroad ticket
with one of the bills. Most of tho money was re
covered by Mr. Hutchins, either in the original
funds or in other currenoy.
The parties left yesterday evening on the Sales
man. Col. Levy, we understand, has occupied the
position of Mail Agent for Kentucky and Tennes
see for a number of years, and, of oourse, has
hitherto worn an untarnished reputation.
Value of the Cotton Exports. —Tho amount
of cotton exported last year was 2,400,000 bales,
in round numbers. This year the price averages
2c. higher than last year, but taking only
lb. on the above Darned quantity, at 400 lbs. weight
per bale, we have an increase of $14,400,000 in
value, to which we have to add for increased ex
ports out of our increased orop fully 250,000 bales
at S4O per bale, which will give an additioual sum
of $10,000,000, making tho whole increase of va
lue $24,400,000. Besides this wo have largely in
creased our exports this season of breadstuffs and
provisions both in quality and price, so that the
export values havo been greatly enhanced, and far
surpass the comparatively small increase in our
imports of merchandise.
The total valuo of the “Exports” from Balti
more to foreign countries during the month of
March, was $658,145 71. In addition to the above
there were two ships cleared for California during
the month with full cargoes, only one of which,
however, was valued on the manifest, and it
amounted to $76,542. The other cargo was fully
as valuable, and probably much more so. The re
ceipts from “ duties ” during the month of March
were $110,919 10. The balanoe in the Depository
at Baltimore on the Ist of March was $21,944 59,
and on the Ist of April was $60,076 28.
The Black Swan gave a concert at Metropolitan
Hall, New York, on Thursday night last. The
Express says: “ The Hall was as full as on the
nights of the Lind, Sontag or Alboni concerts, and
that she was received with the most flattering ap
plause. She is a dark mulatto, quite stout, with a
broad, full face, genuine negro features including
the feet, hair and hands, and was dressed a la Jen
ny Lind, with deep lace cape over a brocade dress,
made with short sleeves; without any ornament,
excepting a buneh of white flowers in her crispy
hair. Her courtesy was oasy and graceful, and she
appeared quite self-possessed throughout. She
was led on and off the platform by a young (white)
gentleman , and was rewarded with bouquets at in
tervals, which she acknowledged becomingly.
“ The ooncert was, on the whole, creditable to
her, considering the disadvantages under which
she presented herself—an object of curiosity, rath
er than in any other light, and lacking that culture
which is generally deemed necessary to qualify a
candidate for publio favor, to present herself before
au audience. She goes to England where we doubt
not, she will, on many accounts, obtain a favora
ble hearing, and excite a prodigious deal of com
ment.”
The treaty with Switzerland, now before the Se
nate contains an article providing that the citi
zens of both countries may inherit real estate pro
perty left them by the citizens of either. A con
stitutional point, it is said, has been raised by Mr.
Butler, Chairman of the Judiciary Committee,
however, viz: that the right of aliens to inherit pro
perty within the D. States was a matter regulated by
State laws, and was not nniform in its action, in
asmuch as some States permitted foreigners to in
herit, whilst others prohibited it. Mr. Everett
showed that all our extradition treaties, sinoe the
formation of the government, with the exception
of four, contained precisely similar provisions as
to foreigners inheriting. To this it was replied, that
precedent, if in violation of the constitution, or
the rights of tho States, could not be regarded.
During the three months ending April Ist, the
loss by fire in Boston has been as follows:
Loss. Inßuranoe.
January $ 5,887 $ 5,087
February 65,277 61,827
March 8,850 7,500
$79,464 $78,914
The chief fire in February was the burning of
the drug store of Hensbaw, Edmands & Co., where
the loss was about $46,000.
The receipts of the New York Custom House for
the quarter ending March 31st, were $11,248,851,
against $7,786,986 (or the same quarter in 1851-*.
The New York Express says:—“The imports
for the fiscal year of 1862-58 will, if continued on a
proportionate scale during the fourth quarter end
ing on the 80th June as they have been during the
three quarters just ended, show an aggregate of
about $280,000,000, and the amount of revenues
which the Government will derive from Customs
will probably exceed $57,000,000. The receipts at
this port for the last three quarters of 1852-68, as
compared with the corresponding periods of last
year, are as follows:
Quarter ending 1851-2. 1852-8.
September 30 $9,444,661 $10,466,718
December 81 5,045,600 6,918,886
March 81 7,786,936 11,248,351
$22,227,197 $28,628,695
June 30 6,688,340 9,713,000
Total $28,910,527 $88,386,965
This enormous increase of foreign trade has not,
as we perceive, seriously affected the Exchanges
between Europe and the United States. The large
negotiation of State and Railway Securities, dur
ing the last year, has gone a great way towards
paying for the excess over the exportations of pro
duce.
The negotiation of $500,000 by the State of
North Carolina at 108.02 per cent, for a 6 per cent.
80 years Coupon Stock, was made in New York
on Thursday last. The loan was taken by Messrs.
Cammann & Co., of Wall street, who bid this
figure for the whole or none. The total bids
amounted to nearly two and a half millions, run
ning from 100 to 108.
A company has been formed with a perpetual
charter, under the railroad law of Indiana, for the
purpose of constructing a road and d ooks to pass
the largest boat and cargo (without breaking bulk)
around the falls of the Ohio in the very short time
of from thirty to fifty minutes. The project is
pronounced practicable by eminent engineers, and
preferable, in some points of view, to a canal. The
cost is estimated at $600,000.
The steam fire engine in Cincinnati works well
and is highly spoken of. When the last fire oc
curred, about a week ago, it arrived six minutes
after the alarm was given, and poured six streams
of water on the fire.
Chief Justice Taney. —The Baltimore Sun of
Tuesday says: We are pleased to learn that the
Hon. Roger B. Taney, Chief Justice of the U. S.
Supreme Court, who has been lately confined to
his room, at his residence in this city, by indispo
sition, is now convalescent, and will probably be
out in a few days.”
Cheap Freight. —We understand the Steam Boat
Companies have reduced the price for Cotton to
Savannah to 25 oents per bale.
Expedition.— Goods arrived here last evening
by the Iron Steam Boat Company’s Line in five
days from New York, by the new steamship Au
gusta at Savannah.
Quick Wore. —The steamer “Fashion” delivered
goods at the wharf in this city, yesterday, which
left New-York on Wednesday afternoon last—four
days and sixteen hours.
Western Editor requests those of his subscri
bers who owe him more than six years subscrip
tion to send him a lock of their hair, that he may
know they are still living. The Lawrenceburg
(Indiana) Register says:—if all our subscribers of
that kind would do that we could make money
by carrying on the wig boaineae,
Got. Cobb's Letter.
As a part of the political history of the times
we pablish the letter of Gov. Cobb defining his
position. The Southern Ranner, heretofore. re
garded as his organ introduces it with the follow
ing comments:
Gov. Cobb’s Letter. —Through courtesy to Gov.
Cobb we publish in to-day’s paper a letter from
him to Col. Morris, of Franklin in, favor of re
uniting the two wings of the democratic party in
the same organization. It is well known that we
differ with Gov. Cobb upon this subject, and we
must frankly say that las letter presents us with
no reasons to change our opinion. We shall not
undertake at present to review his letter and re
ply to his arguments in detail, having l oroom for
extended comment. We affirm what we do I'now
to be true when we say that the democratic party
of Georgia was foriued’in 1382-S upon the basis of
direct opposition to both Nuliflcation and secession,
and that it stood npon that basis until its disor
ganization in 1850-51. This was tho basis upon
whioh it was placed bv Gen. Jackson in opposition
to Mr. Calhoun and bis disoiples. The Calhoun
dynasty is now regularly installed into oompleto
and ample dominion over tho partv both by num
bers and the countenance of the administration at
Washington, and of oourse its basis is reversed —
the doctrine of the majority of the party now be
ing in favor of secession. It is idlo to say that it
will not be made “a test of party loyalty.”
When the parly stood upon tho Jackson basis,
opposition to secession was, at a general rule, made
the teat of party fidelity. Mr.' Calhoun having
been nominated for tho’ Presidency by a packed
convention, another convention was called by tho
Jackson men, and it reversed the nomination.
Mark A. Cooper was defeated by Crawford for
Governor for no other reason than that ho was a
secessionist, and to our own personal knowledge
some of the imuiediato personal friends of Gov.
Cobb, voted against him and for Crawford on that
ground alone.
But unfortunately for Gov. Cobb, at tho very
moment when he is proclaiming to the Union de
mocrats in upper Georgia, that there is no propo
sition “ from any quarter” to make tho right of
secession a test of party loyalty, tho Columbus
(Ga.) Times dissipates the dream by applying that
test to his personal friend and relative, Col. Henry
R. Jackson, as will be seen in another column.
Who dares to rebuke the Times will hear a storm.
The end is not yet.
In addition to these difficulties at home, tha
mail of Tuesday evening brings us the following
telegraphic despatch, indicating cloarly a bursting
up of the party at the North:
“ Washington, April 1.
“ Tho Senate continued in Excoutive session un
til half-past 4 o’clock this afternoon. The delay
in the confirmation of Gen. Dix as Sub-Treasurer,
and of T. V. Fowler as Postmaster at Now York,
and, it is said, of John Cochrane as Survoyor of
that port, had caused intense excitement and a
renewal of tho struggle outside, pro and con, and
a protracted discussion aroso thereon in the Sen
ate to-day. These three are all Burnburners, and
it was on that ground that action had been post
poned ou their confirmations.
“ Mr. Bright led off in tho Sonato to-day, in op
position to the New Y’ork nominations, and the
three named in particular, but they wore all final
ly confirmed. Eight Senators, however, are re
ported to have voted against Gen. Dix. Tho ac
ceptance of two or three of tho Now Yorkers is
yet deemed doubtful.”
Mr. Bright, of Indiana, is a compromise and
Union democrat—a personul and political fYioud of
Gov. Cobb—who stood up to the Union democrats
like an honest man in the Baltimore convention,
and wo now find him gallantly standing up to his
principles in tho Senate, and opposing tne wretch
ed and time-serving policy of Gen. Piorco in his
appointments to offices under his administration.
As Mr. Bright is nobly fighting tlm frce-soilers
in the teeth of tho administration, can wo desert
him and join the secessionists in bartering up the
appointments of Free Soilcrs ? That tho two ex
tremes are colleagued together for the purpose of
putting down the middle ground or compromise
men, thero can be no question. More of tho New
York appointments next week.
Small Pox In Oglethorpe.
Small Pox in Oglethorpe.— The Oglethorpe
Democrat of the 6th inst., says : “ It affords us
pleasure to announce that this disease is about to
“ vamose” from our midst. Thero has boon but
ono new case within the last two weeks, and that
of so mild a character that it is diflioult to identify
it as small-pox. The hospital has been cleared of
all but two cases—they are convalescent, and will
be discharged the last of this week. We do not
anticipate any other cubo, on tho contrary wo have
the best of reasons to hope, that within less than
a week, the city will bo as froe from this disease as
though it had nover existed hero.
As an index to public sentiment hero, wo would
state that most of the families who moved away in
consequence of the prevalence of the Small-Pox,
are returning to thoir homos. Several families
moved in yesterday and the day boforo, and others
are expected to-day. Business is reviving—trade
from the country is beginning to return to its for
mer channel—and our once depopulated streets
are gradually assuming their former businoss-like
appearance.
The Oglethorpe Democrat, Kdra, of the 9th inst.,
contains the following report of tho progress of the
Small Pox in that town:
SMALL POX REPORT.
To the Mayor and Aldermen of Oglethorpei
My last Report, of Wednesday, embraces every
thing of interest in relation to Small Pox. Thero
has been no new case since. The two cases which
were at the Hospital, are on foot, and in a few days
will be released from quarantine. lam sanguine
in the opinion, that tho disoasc is arrested, and
that no further spread cau be reasonably appre
hended. In my judgment tho two cases in the
Hospital, will be the last of Small Pox in our city.
Tho quarantine system has boon rigidly •uforcod,
with the view to the protection and security of our
citizens and tho travelling public against the con
tagion, and I am happy to add, it has fully answer
ed the objects of its institution. The return of our
oitizens to their old homes in the infected distriot,
and the rapid increase of travel and trade to our
city, is evidence of tho confidence of tho public, at
home and abroad, in the measures you havo adopt
ed for the extirpation of this diseaso. The only
want of confidence in the fidelity of tho “Reports ”
made by your direction, so far as I have been able
to learn, is at Americus, and in thoso licighbor
hoods which are in d. ily intercourse with that
place. I mention this fact not byway of reproach,
but merely as a part of the history of the times,
and for the preservation of tho record, would sug
gest tho propriety of having it “ writton in tno
Second Book of Chroniclos,” chapter and verse to
be left blank.
All of which is respectfully submitod.
P. L. J.May, Sup’t Hospital.
A Card. —Tho undersigned, Physicians and
Citizens of Pownd Town and vicinity, ask leave
to assure our friends and the public, that tho case
of disease in Mr. Asbury’s family, currently
represented as “Small-Pox f ” has been fully de
monstrated to boa widely different affection.
No apprehension whatever need bo entortainod
about the disease among us, as none has ever ap
peared.
H. H. Lumpkin, Wm. A. Black,
J. E. Thompson, Robt. Burton,
T. C. Lamar, M. D. C. R. Tondee,
W. D. Stewart, J. C. Mather,
A. B. & W. A. Greene, M. D.
Small Pox in Albany.— The Patriot of tho Bth
inst. contains the following report:
Report of the Board of Health to the Mayor.
—Tho case of varioloid reported last week has
proved very light, and is now nearly well. We
have to report another case—that of the mother of
the ohild now recovering. Having been in con
stant attendance upon her child, she has contract
ed the disease from it—a result which wo were pre
pared to expect. All communication between the
family and other persons is entirely suspended,
and all necessary precautions are taken to confine
the disease to tho premises where it now exists.
No apprehension is felt that it will extend be
yond trie family in which it first made its appear
ance.
L. G. Sutton, 1
P. J. Stiiozier, > Board of Hoalth.
W. B. Harris, )
Albany, April Bth, 1858.
Railroad Accident, —An accident occurred on
Sunday night to the train from the North, whsn
betweon Petersburg and Richmond. It appears
that some eight or ten miles from Petersburg,
when the cars were going very swiftly, a “ snake
head” turned up and wont through the bottom of
one of tho cars, in which were seated many pas
sengers. The violence of the collision was so
great, that the part of the car penetrated by the
iron was literally knocked out and the passengers
thrown down on the bed of the road. The Peters
burg Jnt*Uig*ncer of Monday, says :
We are sincerely sorry to learn that Mrs. Pur
nell, (daughter of Ex-Governor Dudley, of North-
Carolina,) and child, (an interesting boy of 8 or
10 years of age,) were seriously, though we hope
not dangerously injured, and that her servant lost
her leg, which was entirely cut off on the road.
Mrs. Purnell has sustained an injury in her ankle,
and her child was severely, but we trust, not fatal
ly injured in tho head. We learn that her leg was
amputated up to the knee, and that she died about
80 minutes after the operation.
P. B. Since tho above was written, wo learn that
the little boy, although sensible, was lying in a
very critical situation at the last accounts.
The Mint. —We learn from the N. Y Courier &
Enquirer that the officers of the Mint at Philadel
phia are now closely engaged in coining the new
silver pieces of tho denominations of three, five,
ten and twenty-five cents. In order to meet the
public wants for new silver change, the work at
the mint now goes on both at night and by day.
The new quarter of a dollar weighs precisely four
penny weights, and is 7}£ grains less than the for
mer piece. As oomparod with tho current Span
ish Quarters, the new coin is decidedly heavier and
somewhat finer.
None of the new dimeß or half dimes have yet
been struck.
The moulds for the gold bars are intended to
make bars of the value of S2OO, SI,OOO and $4,000
each. An engraved ticket (printed on bank-note
paper,) will be affixed to each bar, to certify its
weight, fineness, and its value in dollars and cents.
These bars when returned to the Mint for coinage
at any future period, will be subject to a charge of
one-half per cent., as prescribed by the new law.
This ticket is in the form annexed:
U. S. Mint. Fine, 999.
1858,
Philadelphia, Ozs. 50.07.
No. 400.
The present charges for making these bars (be
ing the actual sum of labor, materials, and un
avoidable wastage) will be six cents per hundred
dollars, or about one sixteenth of ono per cent.
This charge will be collected from the depositor,
and not deducted from the bar.
The Vermont Liquor Law provides among other
things for the arrest of a person found intoxica
ted, and his detention until he will disclose where
he obtained the liquor. A case under this provi
sion has already arisen in Woodstock, where a
man was arrested for intoxication and lodged in
jail. On examination he refused to give a definite
answer as to where he obtained his liquor, and
was re-committed to jail. He still refuses to di
vulge, and the justioe says he will keep him in
jail for a year unless he owns up. At St. Albans,
three similar instances have occurred, and the
witnesses having the alternative of a term in jail,
own up, and the liquor taken on their information
destroyed. At Rutland, the liquor law trans
gressors are made to toe the mark; and the Ver
monters seem determined to make a clean sweep
of the “critter.”
The facilities of Railroad travel between Albany
and Buffalo are about to be greatly increased—the
new arrangement taking effect on the 11th inst
There are to be 11 daily trains from Albany
westward, five of them express trains, eight daily
trains from the west, of which four are express
trains. The time between Albany and Buffalo is
reduced to twelve hours, for all express trains,
and one, the “ Lightning” train, it to accomplish
it is tea.
Tehuantepec.
Tho Washington Republic publishes the contract
between Mr. Sloo and his associates aud the Mexi
can Government, for tho construction of a road
across the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, together with
tho correspondence bewoeu the U. S. Minister,
Judge Conklins, and thut government, in relation
to a proposed treaty to guarantee the neutrality of
the road during a period war. The Republic
remarks:
Tho merits 6f particular companies that have
been organized in view of this great undertaking
are a miner matter iu the judgment of the coun
try. The desire has been and is to secure an early
and adequate interoceanic route, without regard to
the conflicting claims of rival interests; and there
appears to be no reasonable ground for impugning
the sufficiency of tho coutraotthat has been form
ed by the “ Mixed Company,” of which Mr. Sloo
is tho head. It provides for the rapid construc
tion of a plank road, connecting tho Atlantic and
Pacific, and for the subsequent construction of a
railroad, on terms that will be aliko advantageous
to Mexico and tho United States. Os the ability
of tho company to perform all they have under
taken thoro can be no doubt; while there appears
to be no plausible pretence for supposing that tho
right of transit will not be conceded-by Mexico
on the terms indicated. President Oevallos—Pre
sident ad interim—had ample power, decreed to
him by the Mexican Congress, to make the con
tract, whiob does not now depend upon any fur
ther action on the part of Mexico. The last news
from that country, received yesterday via New
Orleans, embraces a statement that the Sloo com
pany had paid tho other fifty thousand dollars,
being tho Maroh payment, into the treasury, and
that two Mexican commissioners had left Vera
Cruz formally to deliver tho line to the company.
Although the troaty of neutrality was not com
pleted whon Cevallos vacated the Presidency, his
successor in office, General Lombnrdini, appointed
two commissioners to negotiate with the American
Ministor on tho subject; and it is believed that
such a treaty will bo soon sent to our Government
for it* approval. Santa Anna, with all his anti Ame
riican antipathies, would scarcely venture, had he
the power, to obstruct an arrangement with which
all the interests of Moxioo are identified, and
which has moreover recoived the sanction of all
parties in that country. Wo cannot select hotter
testimony on tho latter point than ia afforded by a
journal politically aud thoreforo bitterly opposed
to Cevallos. Tho Sigh Ures y Nuevo, of tho Ist
ultimo, commenting on his administration re
marked :
“ In the last moments of his administration ho
performed a groat service to his country, settling,
as ho did, tho important question of Tonuantopoc.
adjudicating tho opouiug of tho road to the mixed
company of Sloo, witli which tho Oajaoa and Gar
cia companies have united, having as partners tho
States of Oajaca, Tabasco and Chiapas.’’
On the other hand, there is a well-founded assu
rance that the oontraot with tho Sloo company, and
tho contemplated troaty, will meot with equal fa
vor in this country. Judgo Oonkling’s despatch
to the Mexican Ministor snows that under the in
structions given by Mr. Fillmore’s administration
the arrangement was rogarded by him with unqual
ified approval. Tho course pursuod by tho Senate
in permitting tho Tohuantopoc resolutions to fall
to tho ground, exhibits the prevalence of a kin
drod fooling in that body ; and so far ns it refloots
tho alterod viows of tho Committee on Foreign
Relations, may bo supposed to indicate tho dispo
sition of General Piorco’s Cabinot upon tho sub
ject.
Akiual Navigation.— Mr. Porter has made
sovorai successful exhibitions of his model im
port or flying ship at Carnsi’s Saloon, on
which occasion the assembled spectators mani
fested muoli excitement of admiration and
gratification, as the steamer, with its gay sa
loon and flying colors, sailed about tho hall,
floating in air, and with the semblanoo of sovorai
passengers looking out at the windows of tho
floating saloon. On Friday afternoon the pupils
of several sohools assembled, aud witnessed, with
manifest ploasure, tho phenomenon of a steam
vessel sailing through the air, propelled by
operating steam engine.
Wo understand it to be Mr. Porter’s intention
to exhibit his import in the open air in a few
dayß, for the purpose of showing its capacity to
run against a fresh breezo of wind. Ir he suc
ceeds in tlup, it will go far to oonvinoe tho public
of tho practicability of serial navigation on a largo
soale.— National Intelligencer.
Tho Republic says:—To see this minature, sylph
like vessel, with its gay and airy saloon filled with
automaton passengers, (looking out at the win
dows,) aotually elevatod in the atmosphere, and
paddling its way in any direction by stoam power,
according to the dictates of its own helm, tends to
strengthen the hope that the untiring projector of
this means of serial navigation may suocoed in
bringing it to a praotioal result. Mr. Porter ap
pears to be sanguine that a machine on this prin
ciple can bo constructed, oapable of making two
trips to California and baoh in the course of a
week, carrying two hundred passengers.
The Sandwich Islands.— The Boston Journal
says that a recent consus of the Sandwich Islands
exhibits some faets of startling interest, and which
illustrate in tho moat unmistakeable mannor tho
vital law that tho inferior race must give way to the
stronger. Tho present population of the seven
islands forming tho group is 80,641. The deaths
last year were 7,943, while the births were only
1,478; an average of six deaths to one birth. The
foreigners number only 1,787. This is an extraor
dinary state of things, and wo doubt whether its
parallel can be found in the hißtory of the world.
In the time of Cook this people numbered 400,000;
thus in seventy years they have decreased 880,000.
In 1886 they numbered 108,679; decrease in seven
teen years noarly 28,000. Such a rapid decrease ot
native population is a deeply molanoholy spectacle.
At the present rate of decrease another generation
will hardly have passed away ere this people will
be blotted from tho faoc of tho earth.
Florida Indians. —Tho Ocalu Mirror nays: “Wo
did think for a season we were destined soon to have
a Seminole war ; but we think onr friend* abroad
need havo no fears ever boing scalped. Tho State
declaration of war to tako effect en and after tho
4th of May next, we presume will not be carried
out, and Billy will hardly be found without ho is
hunted; as there can hardly be a war without its
having some beginning, wo will likely havo none.
“Tho General Government will not aocept our
state troops, but have appropriated $200,000 for
the removal of our Indian velations. If that ac
complishes no more, we hope it will enuble the
authorities to keep a sufficient force on tho Indian
borders, to protect seourely tho frontier inhabi
tants and their proporty. But we desire injustice
to tho frontier settler, for ,the prosperity of the
state, and in mercy to the remnant of Sominolos,
that the government tako immediate and efficient
measures to carry them west. As insignificant as
they in numbers may seem, and as easy as the
task may appear to be, the removal of these
creatures without skilful management, will be at
tended with tho loss of muoh time and money,
perhaps many lives. Better let them remain nntil
we settle thorn out, which a few more years will
enable us to do, than adopt some course for their
removal that is impracticable or of doubtful ten
dency.”
Hwalth of Ginns.—Tho following statement
comprises the deaths of some of the Atlantic
cities for tho week ending April 2, and their pro
portion to tho population :
Deaths. Population. Proportion.
Boston 80 .... 188,788 .... 1 in 1784
Now York 401 .... 517,849 .... 1 in 1291
Philadelphia 214 .... 850,000 .... 1 in 1835
Baltimore 88 .... 169,025 .... 1 in 2086
Charleston 11 .... 43,014 .... lin 8910
Austria—Turrit—Russia.— lt appears from late
foreign advices that in her peremptory exactions
on Turkey, Austria seems to have been oven more
successful than the first imporfeot accounts indi
cated. There is a pretty general conviotion that
the concessions of the Porte, instead of preserving
the independence and integrity of the Ottoman
empire, have paved the way for further aggres
sions and ultimate dismemberment. Russia is said
to be gatherinr vast foroee on the frontiers of the
Danubian provinces.
On the return of that gallant regiment, the Ist
Mississippi Rifles, from Mexico, a proposition was
mado in Mississippi, and in part responded to,
that a monument be erected in honor of the regi
ment at Jackson, the capital of the State. Some
fourteen hundred dollars was contributed to that
object, which sum is invested and bearing inter
est, but it iaaltogether insufficient for the erection
of a suitable monument. The Flag of the Union
suggests that measures should be adopted to car
ry out the proposed design.
Governor Crosby, of Maine, has been nomina
ted for re-election by a Whig Legislative Caucus.
The election docs not take place till September,
but this nomination is made in accordance with
the usage of the party.
The Philadelphia Register states that the reoent
loss of the Bank of Pennsylvania, in that city
through the complicity of one of its clerks with a
stock speculator, will amount to fifty thousand
dollars. The entire amount abstracted was much
larger; but sufficient assets were seoured to reduce
the loss to the amount named.
The Gen. Marshall recently killed in Kentucky,
turns out not to have been the Hon. Thomas F.
Marshall, the somewhat distinguished ex-Con
gressman, as reported, but Gen. Thomas A. Mar
shall, one of the Brigadier-Generals appointed by
President Polk during the M exican war.
The Louisville Courier states that an effort is
now in progress to establish a line of first class
steam packets, connecting at that city with the
Union Line from Wheeling, and running direct to
St. Louis.
Mr. Dobbin has rescinded the order for Commo
dore Ap Catesby Jones’ appointment to the Cali
fornia station.
He has decided also against the completion of
the California Dry Dock, which Congress provided
for at the late session, and with the recommenda
tion of the last two Secretaries of the Navy. The
act, however, left it optional with the present Sec
retary to go on with the work or not.
The New York Legislature has dismissed from
office Mr. Tarbox, Assistant Librarian of the
House, and ordered him to he confined in the jail
until the close of the session, on a charge involv
ing bribery.
Rev. Dr. Wayland, President of Brown Univer
sity, has been examining the table tipping experi
ment usually attributed to electricity or spirits.—
He decided thafit is not electricity but thinks it is
governed by some heretofore undiscovered law of
nature.
Treasury Noras.—The amount of Treasury
notes outstanding on the Ist inst., was $118,561.64.
The Hon. R. K. Meade, of Virginia, declines a
re election to Congress.
We see, in some papers, a notice of a recent de
cision in Ohio, by which the Cleveland and Colu
mbus road has been required to pay S6OOO to a
brakeman, who had his hand crushed by a colli
sion. The court charged that the Company are re
sponsible for all injuries, even to employees, where
the accident is the result of carelessness on the
part of others to whom the injured party is subor
dinate. i
(.'onauinptiun of tliiinui Uumli.
Tho Now York Economist suv , “ The groat in
crease which has takon place in the United States
consumption of Cotton Goods is manifest from the
olfioial returns. For this purpose wo have to take
the number of yards imported from Kngla.id at
different periods, and tho number of halos takon
by the United States manufacturers, estimating
the bale at 400 lbs. and the cloth at three yard* to
tho pound of raw cotton. The result is us follows:
1830. me '
Bales used-in the V. States 126,512 51'5,193
11 South and West
Equal toyards 111,814, 854,231,600
Imported from Great Britain C 5,577,898 82,078,(144
Total supply of yards 220,892,298 898.804,604
Population 12,866,020 17,069,458
Goods per head 17 1-7 22’,
1819. 1562.
Bales used in the Cni’ed States... 518,089 . 608,029
“ South and West 110,000 8",000
Equalto yards 741,646,800 819,684,500
Imported from Great Britain 57,000,000 94,748,840
Total supply of yards 798,646,800 914,888,640
Population 23,400,000
Goods per head 84 17
The number of baloa horo given as the consump
tion of the South and West is that givon in tho
annual report of the Cotton crop. At iv glance it
will be soon that the increase of supply per head,
which has doubled sinoo 1880, is derived entirely .
from United States production. Tho exports of
United States cotton cloths In 1852, wero valued at
$7,672,000; which, at an average of 8 cents per
yard, would give 96,271,000 yards exported; which,
added to 5,000,000 yards foreign goods exported,
making about 6,000,000 yards m-.re exported limn
imported—showing that tho entire consumption of
cottons in the United States is derived from home
produotkn. These figures show conclusively the
growth of tho export trade in cottons. The di
minished margin which undoubtedly existed be
twoon cost of material and price of fabric lias been
brought about ontiroly by homo competition. Tho
improvements in steam machinery, emancipating
factories from water power, uided by increased ca
pital, have stimulated u great increase in the ma
chinery employed; and this now machinery at the
South aud West can produco on ranch ehoupor
terms than tho old eastern mills. ”
It seems to be coucodod by those who have
watched tho financial horizon vory closely for tho
past month, that tho dark speck which bus hover*
od over it In the shapo of a panic, must cro long
givo place to oaso, and a quiet state of tho mar
ket. Many faots tend to this opinion, one of tho
most important being that the latest news from
Europe is not of an unfortunate character, for not
withstanding tho fluctuations from week to week,
iu tho amount of bullion in tho Bank ot England,
it is vory evident that tho tone of financial writers
is softened, and thero doos not appear to bo that
feeling of distrust regarding tho future which lias
prevailed throughout England lately.
Much alarm has boon manifested at tho an
nouncement of the fact, that tho Bank of England
had raised its rate of discount, and that a falling
off ia the yield of Australian gold was a thing likoly
to oocur. Tho latter idon was hypothecated upon
more rumor, which has siuco been proved inoor
root, and although tho rate of discount Ims not
been loworcd as yot, it is hardly to be presumed
it will continue as high as it now is, after tho ro
souroes of Australia aro known to take u dolinito
shapo, in the form of monthly, or periodical re
turns. Tho courao of tho Bank ot England in
raising its rate of discount was severely censured
by the pross gcuorally; it had an uufdrtnnate
effoot throughout England, and an unwholesome
inflnonoe oxtonded to this country.
Death of aCenlennorlnii.
We aro indebted to a friond for the following
notioo of tho doath and akotch of tho life ot a
Contennarian who has gone to his account:
Died, in Richmond county, on the sth inst., a Ne
gro man, familiarly known as “ Old Jacob,” whose
great ago, faithful sorvice, aud well known probity
of character, roudor him woll worthy of a passim;
notice.
He was purchased by Mr. Thou. Walker, ono of
tho earliost settlers of this county, in 1763, as tho
bill of salo dcolaros, for £BOO, being then 20 years
of ago, making him at the time of his dcuili 105
years old. During the liovolutionary war he was
frequently taken from his owner by marauding
parties ot Whigs or Tories, us one or the other
happened to bo in tho uscondant, and was eye-wit
ness to many of tho soouos of that evonii'ul 'period,
lie would nurrate with considerable eloquence tho
inglorious defoat at Brier-Greek, of I he Americans
under Gen. Ashe. Ho served as cook to an officer
whose name he said was Williams or Williamson,
in tho British army nt tho seige ot bavannuh. His
invariable practice was to seize the first opportuni
ty ol escape and rotnrn to his master. Ills ideas
of tho merits of tho glorious context then going
on, seom novor to havo boon very well ueflnod, for
when asked which service bo preferred, Whig or
Koyalist, his reply was “ wer’nt uo difference—all
rogues, sir, all roguos.” Doubtless a correct com
mentary upon his individual experience.
For many years beforo the death of Mr. Thomas
Walker, he was but nominally a sluvo, and at his
doath Major Abram Wulker, whose property ho
became, gave him entire freedom, which tor forty
five years ho has enjoyed in uninterrupted health,
and with every comfort, with which tlioso unxiouß
to repay his fldolity, could surround him.
His death was the result of no positive disease,
but apparently a mild and gradual decadence of
his physical powers.
The Flint Cirodit.— Tho last Griffin Jofforsonjan
contains a oard from tho Hon. James 11. Starke,
announcing himsolf as a candidate for ro-clcotion
as Judgeof the Superior Court of the Flint Circuit
composed oftho counties of Butts, Upson, Pike,
Monroe, Newton, Henry and Spalding.
A Good Example.— ln tho Court of General Sos-
Bionß in Brooklyn, Now York, la t. week, a young
man named Georgo Wall was arraigned on a charge
of carrying a slung shot, to which he pleaded
guilty. Tho Court sentenced him to the State’s
prison for two years and seven days. A few ex
amples of this kind would soon put an ond to ono
of tho most cowardly and brutal customs, to the
provaloncy of which a largo proportion of stroot
murders and violence is attributable.
Tho Columbia Banner in referring to tho rooont
junction of Goorgia and South Carolina by Kail
Kflad, romarks:
It is not generally known that during tho revo
lution a proposition was made by South Carolina
to Goorgia for an union oftho two governments.
We will publish shortly a very interesting letter
from William Henry Drayton, ono oftho Commis
sioners, to Humphrey Wells, Esq* at Augusta,
giving an account of tho proceeding. Wo have
soveral valuable manuscripts relating thereto.
Tho Washington Union states that tho caso of
U, S. mail steamship Ohio, wliioh.on her last trip
from Chagres to Now York was subjected to some
detention and difficulty at Havana, has engaged
the attention of the government, and that the
taets|in the oaso nro being investigated, with a view
to tho prevention, so far as praoticable, of suoh
difficulties in future.
Between tho President and the Cabinet all is
harmony, but botweon the members of the Cabi
net there is much discord.
There were lying at the whurvos of tho city of
New York on Friday: Steamers, 24; ships, 118;
barquos, 94; brigs 146; and sohoonors, 180. To
tal, 557.
On tho same evening, about sun down, there
might have been soen between the Battery, Staten
Island and tho Jersey shore, ninety-five vessels,
of all descriptions, lying at anchor. In the midst
of these were about thirty other vessels, under
sail, moving in various directions.
The commercial Bteam marine of the port of
New York oonsists of 75 ocean steamships, with
an aggregate tonnage of 129,010t0n5. These steam
ships aro owned by sixteen companies, und uro
employed as follows: Transatlantic 10 steamers,
Southern trade 17, California trade 41.
— ! •
The movement of the Mormons is one oftlie
most extraordinary of tho day. They continue to
increaao aid multiply at an nmar.ing rate, and their
missionaries in all parts of tho world are reaping a
rich harvest. A sow daws sinco, no less than 880 - ’
new oonverts arrived at St. Louis, from England,
while six more ships aro on their way, having from
8,500 to 8,000 on board. It is thought that 10,000
in all will cross the Atlantic during the coming
year. How are we to account for this strnngo in
fatuation.
Ice.— The New Hampshire Patriot learns, that a
largo quantity of ice has been cut during tho last
few weoks in the interior of New Hampshire.—
About five thousand tons have been cut und stock
ed at Long Bay, Winnipissiogeo Lake for u Bos
ton house. This ioe is of great thickness and re
markable purity. Its approaching udvent will be
tho first appenranoo of the article from that region
in the Boston ico markot. The expense of deliver
ing it on board tho ship at Boston will be about
two dollars per ton.
Mrs. Webster, widow of tho late distinguished
Secretary of State, is at present residing in Uni
versity Place, New York. Tho Boston Courier
understands that her house is the resort of a very
large number of citizens, who call for the purpose
of tendering their condolence in person to her.
Superiority of American Wool.— According to
tho following from the Economist, the United States
can produce tho best wool of any couutry in the
world:
“Byrocent scientific researches on tho part of
Peter A. Brone, Esq. of Pennsylvania, it has been
established that the United States can outrival the
world in wool as in cotton. Thus, Spanish sheep
yielding naturally wool 2,000 to the inch, carried
to England, degenerated to 900 to the inch, and
brought to tho United States recovered to 8,100, or
finertban the original. The fact being once estab
lished that our soil and climate produce finer wool
than other countries, will give to our manufactur
ers invariably the superiority in cloths, if the man
ufacturer is allied in his interest to the grower.”
Tho Hon. Zadoo Pratt, who has just returned
from Havana to New York, says that two woeks
ago last Sunday, he was invited by Consul Shar
key “to go out in a sow days to be present at the
swearing in of the Vice-President.” This shows
that Mr. King has not been sworn into office, as
was stated with so much circumstantiality in a
letter giving all the particulars of the ceremony, a
report of which we copied from tho Now Orleans
Picayune. What a commentary docs not this fact
furnish upon the reliability of newß from Cuba 1
If fictitious and fraudulent representations, appar
ently made only for tho purpose of supplying
news of interest, whether there be any or not,
can be deliberately made *on a topic of this
this character, what may not bo expected when a
thousand fierce and evil passions, fed of BelfiHhness,
are excited by international differences or mis
understandings! If any of our readers are ouri
ous to know how correspondents will sometimes
“ shout the long-bow,” we refer them to tho above
mention letter.— Nat. Intel.
The Milwaukie News is responsible for the fol
lowing. It has the air of truth and is funny
enough to last a fortnight:
“ A friend of ours, who possesses a quiet vein
of humor, was recontly on a visit to Maryland,
and relates an amusing account of a colored cho
rus, witnessed by the * relator’ at one of the Afri
can churches. Tho masculine darkies were ar
ranged ‘ like four and twenty black birds ail in a
row,’ on one side, and the females on the other.—
The latter oemmenced the chorus with ‘ Oh I for a
man—Oh 1 for a man oh! for a mansion in the
skies ;’ to which the former responded ; 1 Bend
down sal— send down eel—send down salvation
to my soull'"