Newspaper Page Text
BY WILLIAM S. JONES.
CHiiOMCLE & SENTINEL.
nfcX.Ot
THE WEEKLY
l« HaM«*n*4 ever* Y%•4w»»4av
* T TWO PSLUKI rB H un«
h ADVANCt.
r.| I. . ,r IS t.'VIDUAMI ’ . Hag «• Ten Dotlan,
* > pies or the !•»?'. r ..i >nmi m one rear, thuafur
•.•h;r»|r lIM mr sU Ihe r*ir •.
\ COPiI.H r *il TK# IWI I.»RS|
„ r, .« - , y !/, *!1 who »T worm OJ <*w subscribers’
CHRONICLe & SENTINEL
li t 11.\ \M> riU WKKM.V.
ir» siv>puiit.«n*4 tr.** < e. o»J Bailedto subscribers
Wr it th-folio. g r: ees, oaraesv;
lk ,ru - fm01byr0ak...,,,.. *7 per annum.
Ta, 4- “
T KKHa OF ADVERTISING.
r„ -tro T P-*. ve cents per souareftO tinea or
•,• • •am .uwrtfor., and Aflifos'i for e«h snbse-
1861. PROSPECTUS 1864.
Os Illh
SOL TIIKRN Cl LTIVATOtt
VOLUME XII, FOR 1854.
* Hr. IMMM, leeT I
ANI) r fcunoua.
D. REH'iOM), )
TEEMS -ONE I)OLLAH*A TEAK IN ADVANCE
Ti i. S .riHvit r Cli.rtv t ‘ii, a monthly Journal,
.1, ~I r i-.vaij to ll.e improvcmoDt of Sontli
cr . a ..•■•, llorti.Mltnre, Slick B'ecilinir,
T , v, i; G»ne-;il Farm Economy, Ate. li
-1,; (r .t«" 1 vith nm c-rona elegnut engraving*,
tur. t oi.i.nu vo:.'nr, oreatlf improved, coa-
ML. l.i I ■ JANUARY, 1854.
Tl„ ; v it.. i .• u a large octavo of Thirty-two
• i,r■ 11, uii voii :u', ui -ii4 pagan in tho year.
I , •„.! ai i i.'i "renter amount ~' reading mat
ter tin.i! any -.m t r publication in the South—
i r ~in■. ! lui-.n to tho current agricultural
Valuable Original Contributions
f>om in my of the in “'• intell jrrU and practical
I'laiiter *, Kurin, re and liorticulluriau in tvuryaec
t inn id tho South and Southwcnt.
TEEMS OF THE CULTIVATOR .’
ONEcopv,onoyear, :::::: t I 1.00
RlXcoii'e, :::::::::: s .OO.
TWENTY FIVE copies, : : : : : : 20..'0
ONE HUNDRED copies,: : : : : : 75.0e
T’iiu « mu -1 ri i will be rigidly udliercd to, and
in n , in ’. met -.vi!l the paper lie sent union* tho
money acv mi'inica the order. The Hills of ull
1... ie pmilig It inks received at par. All money
i ; j t'i *1 *l'y in ail, pontage paid, will bo at tho risk
of the publisher. Address
\\ li.l.tA V! Si. JONlifc, Auaiiata, <Ja.
AUGUSTA BACKS.
s3LL sSfcfes.
iijlK Arnu.il Rjcca over the Lnfar tte Cuurae, mar
A, II 1,, w.lloome r.iniies cori'l w> ek of JAN U
ARV n • I' 111 ti' in in* on Ta-.jdajr, the 10:h, »n-l eon
linulni! t i. in 'li nick. I\c:rmt Ifni tlom |'«r
--,1 IK HI, 11.,1'd this Ciurfs at the mi-ctli'gs of leOI ami
1 ami < : lm il ,f gi.ml orile-ancldecoruin then cx
ttioii'f l, will ana'll favor ua with their pretence—the La
ill . in ir particularly,
T" In'lovers oil): 11 Inlemting sport, who were not
pr. irnl at - i-i.ri i f il'o imiet'i g* IHft raentf ned, we
h"|ie ill. f.illi«i g hill of fare will he ari inducement f«r
them, up in ri a li."k ilils paper, lo exclaim, “we will g i
If I iiei-»n iwo match races to come off on Monduy,
the K h.l r. a, y, f.r ♦3,l'lHl a ti le each.
Pm.,i ih.ii I’m yen's c. h. Illghl inder, ami ttm.
r ill, iin’g horse Ci, i.promuc; a title, IK) for
-11, .i«n— Col II ira'llon nnmst hla eh. h. Frank Irwin,
4 y.M ,11 I.j, I, |„ -at; Mij. I'l,ol. G. Bacon names his
1,, h. Ihii in , in*, (i r.nerU (l»mh'e,) 1 years ell, by
Piyeri ign, duluLVenty, by I.evUthan.
Til- lay It.. A Hull Stiltn, f-r 8 voir ohls, 2 ir.lle
I .11, U o . I.t, ..11 I-, nil f forfeit, with tß'ih added by the
i nli, pr.,rul.'l two i iii'ii«i shall start, to which there
F I. M irphy AL' i name b. c. by Boston, dim Tran
hyalin, by Imp. hranhy.
j .1,,, ij ~|, „i| ami 's fill.'’, by Imp. (lloncoc, dam
cub <th-ilimi,Monte,) by Mwloc.
H.i'ii’l J.Carter names b.c. by Kpsilun, dam Imp. Nanny
Italian.
II I t Myers name eh. my U uton, dan Minerva An-
John llirrisio, Sen., names b.c. Griff Edmondson, by
Child ■ II u ntil, da n Mary Khaaheth, by Amir w.
John h ■: her names eh. c. by AUmode, dam by dir
On.l ; a ,ob. I bWlUrald. dam hop.
tteli lay lull—Two mile heats for Jockey Clab
psr.e ..rtl,-ee h'lnd e 1 dollars, (*lbb )
t .or lay, I'. o—Thr o inuu heals, for Jockey Club
par ,■ I live bun I cl dollars,(*sW>.)
h i I iy, n h—Foil bf heats, for Jockey Club pursed
a git' hundred J illart, (ts •))
hr,,. ,l y, a0 it tike I,ri! year o'ds, mile boa's, two
liinlr 'i loila « entrance, half forfeit, to Shiah
there are - < entries.
s ita< i 11 h—Mi oheatb 'St three in live, for Jockey
C’hi'ii ui, ,'.itwo hundred dollars,ttklW.)
In ad m.on t, iv at,' .m -do' ,l purses, after purses
nil g,v n. rids will be o.ie of the most exciting and
I ten m t meeting* tint has ever taken place uputi this
ti ne-hoeoie Icoeree.
We oi -n'io'i the uUes that »ill be In attendance, and
tali' i m * notice nf glow id forlune’s favorites.
Gopt ,i HI ,i II r, long ;n»oeiatcd with the turf, and
the , ■,; i,., iof many u liaid a ntested race'from
New I o k lo •iea-O.leinn, Is boro with Red Eye, a gallant
mill n old I, i sco very arcot ceieM iy, MurdP* the
I. -I f i 'led lias I e like Nina," and two colts.
r.i . John Harrison, Ben, will be there witha full
. ... , t’, ni will h' l 'U id Maid us Edgecombe,
n.. “,'irti iiiir E ImoNMon, Big Weston, with Wild
Myers' Ho lo I Killy and many other good trumps.
1 „ydt .1 1 1 In .Ilham ».11 he ou thfr groun I with the rc
i." v.i "I au I beautiful horse Own,iMmiw, recently the vie
i i dih id ml laatoh at Nashville,Teuu., with also
iso or three other favorites.
Mi. n 11. Young, Col. Binglctons trainir, with llill
11. II i ('ore e: l v Humble) anil two thric yearolils that
n .’,,1.1 m i through the veins of one of which
111, I II o' "I 111 Ho del and Capt. Miner; through
H, . tl, a, h ule.d ot ell liei Irani and Industry.
. ,I,'oie miciiicr vetrrau us the turf, Capt. W. A.
:, I ri, w'l • will' I a nly he . here with the far-timed ami
. t i', i, II c d.indi i, will so gallantly cheered the droep
... .• faii v nitvie is hearts wheu, iu his three mile
, '. i n irk-Hoii, ii i'e rumy lad, he encountered and
b e li the pater of \ I -lory from Jeff. Davis.
■ i J. Oai'ltr, of Icutie se", is now ou the ground
V, i: , t lie- i'll' - tint are a'!prom sing.
An 1.. t, ill.nigh not least, Col. John Campbell,of Ren
ta. w.r belli ilt udauee With a string of lon , John
II inland at the head.
\n t rea in: 'h eregolng nolieis of the various One
•i I itnieanimil-which wd mist i s uiedly be on tho
i i. win vi l .oi exclaim, “I’m off Sur the Augus'a
i es, admitting strangers to the gale andstreteh,
, . .■ ...e -m.d at tl.e liokel Office.
,11 j U ,| I it. 1). GL'iYER A 00., Proprietors.
A TEACUEti WANTED. SOU
ip I I'Vltli .liar e of the Keck Spring Academy, in
1 «d„ , II milesN. W. of Washington,lbr the
. ~,r IsM t' lrii'.i tieulars, address tho subscriber at Mai
l iry.vlll", P.O.'w.lktsco .Ua. 1-. M. 1111.1.,
tUi'-wIBI r[| _
WOBDUXB VMUUJS SEMtNAKY,
01 DAK TOWN, GA.
Vixitlv Snrinjr st‘*»6»un us this Institution, f -r ISM, vill
1 f m.nc'ict* on ihe‘JJ Monilay in JANIIAUY. All the
I); int H Co by a UiNtnl of effl
n(UJl jvi ' . -mostly Gent.«« en of good •cho.arship—
k h Tourernavuig .tot m>r«* than tvfonty The
xiVmmv for Bou-tlgMul Ca tion in tho Literary He
p Stm nt, |ii% and lor Mu-*o, $?5 per annum. Voi a
eatalou. m of P irticulais, .PldM> M
fSVriUO YSXA3JK 8 UK IN ART.
rpilK Kx r Ihli liutitulion will l*« resumed on
i \vk:*> D\Y,l.u February.uuder th« super
v ,~ff; i' ary. Mi s ".vena* Wiuou and Miss Oor-
Kwy effort will ho tu»at ov those connected
with Initiation, to secure t > *»cu uupil a thorough
Aiii u >st»*vWl education. For u»e rooro encoeseful ac*
„ 'n'lt Nhment of th d course of t-tu y has
, w • t emhmctnj? in ndfllUf® to the elementary
Mudn-s, t’c l.lbher hr.inches of automatic*. the MeuUl
sjt.. i on end bv.in l.snguafrc.
' vi'-Mualo*l »u-l OroataenUl tlrasracs wUt receive the
aitcti'O efthow who--.- !.«•■ r*ott» nave proven them
.coufu! Instructor*. «ec»U attention,
liter -ore. t i thuluslUntb-n. the oomjmyAm
... . , ... r ...0f tit'i.lt—from tae aBfWtSMCe of Its
1, ■ ' -ul (i ;v t(» (ill. unf »a« rulre.l location, af
-..H . .1 .nuges fa-Female JMucaUi®.
u rfiirti r lurtu alat'i aJUresa R. T. ANBLRt,
uif.ni *«9»i.t.d»._
HAD SON iEMALS COLLEGE,
rpin: Hpri k Term of this Iniutat.ou will open on
1 M INU.U »!. January, 19M.
rWCULTI:
Rev. L. L. tYiTT'.f It, President and Professor Menial
ar.it M»>ral Phlli'iM phy.
Iter .10- H. t-Cti tle?, rrofc'.i r Mathematics.
M M’U WILLUMS, Pro .ssorl-anKu ma.
R „ ,: S J si n LUiiART, IV.fessorNatural Sciener.
”KG. f TAI .. R, Prof.-.' or Mes .
'! .. vNS v t:. noaSUN, Insii Actr.- » in Mu-x, Draw
!i Mii MARiiAiinTX. SHERMAN, In lruotress in Pre-
I ”t \r ' :.i: ihVr’iiiformatien, add reel any raemSaraol the
v u i. v HUGH J-UUll^ti,
‘Madison, Get, Dec. 2d, lsf3. Sec. Board Trustees.
W&IGHToEOKO' 31A1 E AND i'iHALS HIGH
bOli 00 A*.
TraHeo* of thb Institution Uke pleasure In In
1 farming the public,thatthe* have again stented the
j, , v:c> -, r he ! ,resent icourab nt« f r the next year. No
*h «<• i=; wore repulsive to our U*U', m thb our time, when
C ie es are more nuaeroui lun old-fold School lious-8
U s v . Ito I, e , and tlu .Ml »ij; W*t is MwpM to bjr *!<*-
t> mwm-tie power almost, than this puffing almoat ererj
8 ju u;w of iosrning m the and. In fact, Mr. RICH ARDS
is t «.> kn -wn lo the public to need any such aruace—
1. I.:t< a* l Charge o! the Ma e Academy here, for the iMt
oi h yea . • vo one; and then a troop ofyo mgraen fol
l.»*o l . u from Georgia to Alabama, and back from Ala
h*?na toCUorgia tgam. He is now pi*rmaneatly •ettku
*. l ;'»• u'i u a t.ivc village, aj tieorg ana, and Southerner*,
>.* Ira jus tor the honor of Southern Education, we are
xv.oud to brieve that the extensive favor bestowed upon
him. frow h's ~an merit.
Mum WAI Ki d, who has change of the Female Acade
my for ih- U»t two is a yonng Uly of aierling
Wv»r»h,of m dest aud unoctrusivc merit, raised and educa
te lia ou. owu sunny South. She has left father, mother,
aa. all the loved ones at home, and come among us, a
str.r »ger, to te r ;h. the has besn partirui uly successful,
i vi has won tlr * coufi lence of all—even tht most fastidi
ous aoknew edge her the best teacher of their daughters
wc hava ever ha I he* e.
The School will commence the second Monday in JANU
ARY neat. , . ..
Jla.tel sson* will be given toany whownh, on a very
fiastoned l .ano. ... ..
B Xrwu': l,lo,lo TRUSTIER
MESON ACADEMY, LtXIXGION, GA.
THK exercises of ibis Academy wHlbf resumed on the
first Monday ia JANL MtY next. Meat le and effi
cleot tt«ch,T» wl'.o hare hid vhaigcof the respe.uvede
p irtincat* f>r sc .i-ral years p»s: .ill be continued. The
Tru-'.e s deem ii utinevtsrary ICs-.y.nr thing incommen
,lV.. uof this Academy : ii* character t* well estabhihed.
V- ctrd can b; obtained ia private f untiles, cratthe
Hotel, ou q-.c. e rcUi- nsble term*. There are two rt»ion«,
Sit ing nC Fall, ors x and fovr months duration, rupee
lively. A vacaHon of two weeks is given at the close of
the former.
TERMS:
Find CU*a -Spelling, Reading, Writing usd Men
ta’ Arithmetic, per quarter $4.00
tkcoiplE aH -Aril’ iu:tic,Geography, EnglishGratn
raar, Utah und Con.pjsiuor. 5.00
Thir I Ola a— \ yebra,Geometry, MatUematioa, Natu
ral Vliit- ■y. A.truaotuy, Chemistry, Eyidanct*
Caiiit anity, Mental and Moral Sciences . 0.00
Four tit CUs*-Languages, Ancient and Modern 6.00
for particular*, nd aroea GEORGE R. GILMER,
dls »*i _Cha r nan BoardTrcstee*,Lexington, Gs.
A TEACHER WASTED
AT AITLINU, Columbia County Academy, whocan
come well recommended. A Gentleman with a fami
ly, whose Wife will take ctarge of the Female Department,
would be preferred. A comfortable House, with a Garden
attached, and Fire wood, willb* furnished. Address
NATII’L BALEY,
nW-w4t _ President of th« Board.
BARER CO DM IY LARD
rrsHK si list HIIIKIt t.ffer* foraalebiJOO Acre* first
JL quality Oak, Hickory and Pin* LAND. In Baker conn
ty; among which are several Improved and partially im
proved PLANTATION!!, of TBO to Acreaeach.
These Lands hsvt bwen selected with great care, and
ompr>ae some of the most valuihiw Cotton Lands in the
oathem tuts*.
If deslrod, a credit ot l, 1 and tywari will be gtven.with
nterest added. WM. MT. CUKJCVER.
Albsuy, Ga., Angus tJO, 1.-H.
*«•• jawdAtwAwif
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
| FOR SALE.
LAND FC2 SALE.
"bfSHbrr .ifcrs for tale hi. PLANTATIONS la
. • ."'“•"•one Slaty, lying on Turkey ereek; one con
uiriiDg Three Thousand Acre* of o*k tad llickorj Land.
Grt *- Miil * I>wd:iog ilcuAfc, tad til nece*«try
oat- .di dis f's. A.» , One TU.ua; nd Acre*, about four
tu.le* above, on the fame creek, containing *ome valuable
Hammock and Swum*. Land*, with a good Dire ling and
til ocr on the premier*. Persons wishing to
poreba*c«n get t bargaUi in either or both of the above
pltcee, by calling on the subscriber, living one mile from
Cool spring, Wilkiuaon county.
ntt-twA»r»m ANDFttSON INGRAM.
LIND FOR SALE
r 8t ItM KIKJi.It • ffers for sale Five Hundred
A Acre* of Oak and Hickory LAND, situated directly on
the Auguasta and Waynesboro Raii Road, one mile from
the Utter place, two hundred and fifty acre* of which are
Ciear* d and under fence, the balance timbered land ; tsa
bracing every variety known to that faction of country,
w th asu.alcrtek running the wi.oie Width of the tract
that nev r fail* .u the drit *t season. There is &Uo npon
tbit».icarn aome of the finest meadow land in this £tate.
rhosc wuhingsucb a place would do well to ca l on the
subscriber at an early period, as he will sell at a very
reason able prire. Kee. deuce two mile* from Waynesboro.
oW nbm JAM£B W. JONES.
L.% .Mi FOH aAbb*—lhe subscriber offers for
Sale Jib Acre* of LAND, lying well, lW of which
are cictred and inclosed. U t* In the 18th District and 4d
dedtion, and divided by tlie lately established linebetween
thecountic* of Gordon and Murray, and within miles
of tuc Western and Atlantic Rail Road. A spring of good
wuter near the dwelling house. A number of lots can be
added on rersonable term*, forming a large settlement.
For other particular.-, apply to the lubtcrioer at Rome.
Ga. jaSO-wtf J. C. McDANIEL.
FOE &ALX ”
ALAIUJKacd convenient BRICK STORE, situated
in the ceutre of business, In the city of Rome, now
occupied by Robt Batty, Druggist. This store was fitted
up as a Drug Store, wuhout regard to any reasonable ex•
pt.nee, aim with a little alteration could be converted into
an eleg-mtly arranged Dry Good* Store. The situation for
the sale of Drugs, Dry Goods, or Groceries can hardly be
eqoalledln the city. Terms easy. Apply to
GEORGE RATTY,M.D.
Rome, April 4th, ISSB. apr6-tf
LANES AND HILLS FOB SALE.
r |4lK nllibUllUhll, being determined to J
A move to the West, offers for sale, his valuableJE
and well improved I'LANTATiUN, lying along the Chat
tahoochee river, in Troup county, Ga. This plantation
contains about Eleven Hundred Acres, nearly one-half of
which iaiu a fine state of cultivation ; the remainder being
well limbered woodland. Its productiveness is not excell
ed in thissectiou of the country. On the tract is an ex
cellent set of MUls both for wheat and corn; the mills are
“Haw,” built within the last twelve months, now getting a
good run olcus‘oin. I will sell the Land and the Mills to
gether or sepsrately. 1 have no hesitation in saying that
thin fcettlemeut is quite as desirable as any now offered for
sale in this region. The pia eis healthy.
Any per»on, wishing to purchase such property, would
do Wtll to call and examine for himself, as great induce
ments will be offered to purchasers.
0‘22 wtjal JOEL M. CHI VERB.
VALUABLE BIVEB LANDS FOB BALE.
MV k'LA.MIAf; Interest being too large, I offer
for sale a portion of my Sava nah River PLA\-tx*
TATION. This place is too well known to require descrip
tion, and persons wishing to purchase would do well to
look at it, as I know it would satisfy any one who is a judge
of good Lands. Terms made easy. WM. J. EVE.
020-tJal
FOB BALE.
A PLANTATION, containing 840 acres of choice Land,
in Talladega county, 14 miles south of the Court
U«use. This place is decidedly healthy, is very fertile,
and Isadnptcdto Cotton, Corn, and small grain. Itabounds
with {Spring* of tho finest water, has a Creek running
through its whole length, and is the finest range for stuck,
thut the advertiser has ever seen. 1c is situated on the
road leading from North Alabama and Georgia to Mont
gomery,and should a Railroad from Montgomery connect
with t he Railroad that is now in progress of construction,
it must run through this place, as it is only two miles from
the mountain gap. There is Iron Ore of the best quality
on it, abundance of Wood, and a mountain stream of Wa
ter for Iron Works. Gold has been found on the place,
also. There arc about 28 ( > acres cleared, all under good
fence—barns, corn crios,stables, Ac., all new. I will sell it
far below its value, as lam upwards of So years of age,
and have no family, but blacks. Any farther information
may be had by addressing a letter, pre-paid,to the sub
scriber, “Oolita P. 0., Talladega county, Alabama.”
ALEXANDER McOAINE.
N. B.—Titles good, and payments made easy.
Junel4-wtJayl
LAND FOB~SALIh
Tim HL’BWC’IIIDHII offers for sale, 1400 acres of
LAND In Hancock. This Land lies well; has plenty
of timber; is under good fence, and has fair improve
ments. Persons wiahing to buy Lands, are invited to
ccme ami look at it.
Also, MOO acres in Carroll county, which lies upon the
Chattahoochee River, and embraces the Mclntosh Re
serve. Kobt. U. tfpniNOJia will show this place to any
person who muy wish to buy. ELI U. BAXTER.
Mount Zion, Ga., June 8,1558. je!2-wtf
COLUMBIA LAUDS FOB SALE.
IK accorJance will, the vill of Samuel Haws, late of
Kicliminil county, deceased, the LANDS in Columbia
county i'ulonj’ing to his estate are offered for sale. 9 miles
from Augusta, l.unds known as the old Haws place, on
the Washington road, and the farm known as the Roberts
place, on the Fury Ferry road, on which the said Samuel
Haas resided, containing In all abort fft'O acres, which
will be sold on liberal terms, and on time, to an approved
purchaser. Will he sold in a body or divided, and in such
narceis as purchasers may wish. If not sold before the
ttrstof January next, will be rented for the next year,
For further particulars apply to Mr. E Iward Haws, on the
premises, or to LEON l*. DUGAS, Augusta,
Executor of the will of Samuel Haws, dec'd.
nll-wtjal
TO UKBCHAirrs.
TIIK I .MilvllbllsiMil) offers for gale the com modi
ousaml recently fitted up STOKL HOUSE in the
town of Loxing on, Oglethorpe county, lately iu the occu
pancy of Mcur*. Arnold ft Hansby; and capable of show
ing to a I vantage a stock of Goodsof the value of from 10
to ‘20,0i0 dollara. Iu the rich and populuus county of
Oglethorpt.', there are, at the county seat now, but two
stores. There in necessarily a fine opening, and a better
opportunity than I* often afforded to busmens men once in
a I if*: time. Over the Grocery poriiori of the store-room,
is a Concert Hall, 50 by 24 feet, together with a hall
of entrance and two offices, or Del-rooms, of ample dimen
sions. Attached to the building is a hair acre LOT, more
or less. Now i« the time; and purchasers willflnd it their
interest to take hold at once. lam fully authorised to dis
pose of this property privately, under the will of my late
husband, Wm. Arnold; ami,if not so gold, will be offered
at public saloon the first Tuesday in JANUARY next.
—ALSO—
A likely young Negro WOMAN, 22 or 23 years old, a
good Cook, Washer and House Servant The property
can be examined, and the terms known at any time, by
calling upon Mr. James Arnold, or
NANCY 0. ARNOLD, Ex’trix.
Lexington, Ga., Nov. 1,1863. n 4
VALUABLE LAND FOB SALE.
r l'MlL'BTl£h’» BALK.—Hy virtue of an order granted
JL by the honorable Suj>erlor Court of Oglethorpe coun
ty at the October Term, 1t53, of said Court, will be sold at
pub'ie out cry, before the Court-house door in the town of
Lexingron,in said county, within the legal hours of sale,
on the first Tuesday in JANUARY next, the following
tract of LAND, be’ouging to the Trust estate of Flisa 8.
Hanson and her children, to wit: A tract of Land in said
county, on the* waters of Rig Creek,containing Seven Hun
dred Acres, more or less, a-ijoining lands of Willixm Ed
wards, Henry Britain, Woodson Daniel, Willitm Holmes,
and Shelton Oliver. 8* id trnctof Land containing a good
po'tion of woodland and low-grounds, with comfortable
Dwelling house and all necessary out-houMCs; good Uin
houao amt Backing Screw, and lying immediately on the
Railroad, and one mile from the Lexington Depot. Terms
on the 'lay of sale. PHILIP U. HANSON, Trustee.
October 30, ISSB.
IALEOF BUILDING LOTS IN BBUNSWICX, GA.
ICK CITY, UA.—-Large and peremptory
sale of BUILDING LOT 3 in the city of Brunswick,
Rate of Georgia. The proprietors of the city of Bruns
wick hereby give notice that a sale of Five Hundred eligi
>le Lota will take placo, by public auction, at the Ogl*-
.horpe llou»e, in said city, on Thursday, the 12th day of
lANUARY, 1564, at 12 o'clock, M. The sale will be posi
tive to the highest bidder.
Term*—-One-third cash, and the remaining two-thirds
n one and two years. Title perfect.
The port and Bite of Brunswick holdout commercial and
maritime advantages superior to any presented by those
south of Chesapeake Bay. The climate is healthy; the
water pure. Further particulars, with maps, 4c., rimy be
had at the office of the Company, F‘J Broadway, New-York,
or of Mr. John Brooks, agent, Brunswick, Georgia.
WM. OHAUNCEY, President.
Thema3 A. Dexter, Secretary. d9-law4w
POSTPONED
ADMIMbTH ATOll’a te AI.K.—By an order of the
Court of Ordinary of Newton county, on the first
Tuesday in FEBRUARY tuxt, before the Court-house
door in Dahlonega, Lumpkin county, between the usual
liouis of sale, the f.llowing lots of LAND, vis :
Lot No. 44,15 th diat., Ist sec., originally Cherokee, now
Lumpkin county.
Lot No. k?i, Oth dis., Ist scj., crigtnallv Cherokee, now
Lumpk'n county.
Lot No. 239,4 th dis., Ist sec., originally Cherokee, now
Lumpkin county.
Lot No. 686,11 th dis., Ist sec., originally Cherokee, now
Lumpkin county.
Lot No. 1020, lhh dis , litacc.,originally Cherokee,now
Lumpkin county.
Lot No. 111 ft, llth dis., Ist sec., originally Ceetokee, now
Lumpkin county.
Said Lunds sol 1 as the property cf James Eetis, late of
Newton county, dve’d. Terms tuade kr o*n ou day of
sale. A. M. RAMSEY, Adui’r.,
December IT, IS6O.
TO BE SOLD,
ON the last Saturday in DECEMBER,on the plantation
of the Bub.-ci iber,near App'ing, Columbia county, a
very handsune la 1 ge youngHOiteE, a dark brown, excel
lenl ijuaUtics fbr the saddle or harms*, double or single;
one 3 year old HORbK; 8 Urge fine MULES; 1 large Faw
cett WAGGON ; 1 GIN and running GEaR; 1 00 Tl'lNQ
MACMINK; 1 set Blacksmith and Plantation TOOLS; 8
yoke of OXEN, SllKEt , and other stock; SHUCKS, I'EAS,
Ac The NEGROES, also, will be hired for another year.
.111-w2 BL NEESON.
VALUABLE LAUDS IN COLUMBI A COUNTY FOB
SAi.fi.
I>l itnl V.\T loan order in Chancery, In the case of
L Augu.ta A. Goelchius ludothers, vs. Kyncar V. Goct
chiut, Triutee, Ac , Uie umltnigneii ofltr, »l private sale,
liiC ioilowuip LANDS on Uclieo Creek, In Columbia countj,
lately ownol by Cliarles T. Bealle,deceased:
All that Tract, in saki county, known as “ Lowsville,”
containing 4W acres, more or less, and a.|joining lands of
Jesse Walton and Turner Clanton.
—ALSO—
Ail that other Tract, in said Coun-y, known as the "Home
Place,” containing SfiO acres, more or less, now divided into
two parts of 430 acres each, and bounded by lands of Jesse
Walton, Crawford, Sonons, and Ramsay.
If not disposedof at private sale, before Thursday, the
2V:h day of DfiCfiU BKR next,said lands will then be offered
at public outcry, on the premises, known as the “Home
Place." —ALSO—
At the same time and place, will be sold, In lots to suit
purchasers, all the perisliable property, Stock, Horses,
Mules, Karndug Implements, Ac., on the premises.
t\ r Terms, apply to either of the undesigned, at Au
gusta, Ga. WM. A. WALTON, Trustee.
u 4 THUS. W. MILLfiK, Agent.
Constit ilionalist cory weekly till day.
COLUMBIA LAMBS 808 SALE.
THK subscriber offers for sale Four Hundred and
Twenty and a Half Acres of LAND, lying in Columbia
county, on the waters of lichee creek, adjoining Lands of
Turner Clanton, and others, with ail the necessary out
buildings on it. d 4 wtf LEONARD B. SIMS.
WILLIAM H. TUTT.
WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DRUGGIST,
Asacsta, g.,
IS NOW KEt'KIYIM. a very ;jarce and complete
stock of DRUGS, MEDICINES. PAIN TS.OILS,GLASS,
PfiKEL'MERT, BRUSHES, DTE GOTTIS, and rANCT
ARTICLES, which he has selecMo. in oeraon, with the
greatest care, from the largest Imnorsnrs and Manufacto
ries in this country, and which, for onantv and cheapness
cannot be excelled. He would restwofcUT invite the at
tention of Merchants, Planters and Physicians t. his
stock.
Ail orders will be executed with the utmost neatness
and despatch. se9f-dAwtf_
LUTHXB ROLL,
CARRIAGE REPOSITORY,
jc»t above ran arenera norit,
HAS OX HA.NO, and is now receiving, a general as*
aortment of VEHICLES,of all descriptions, such as
CARRIAGES, ROCKAWAYS,BUGGIES. Ac., Ac., whiek
he will sell very low for cash or approved paper. Please
call and examine my Mock.
—ALSO,—
On hand an assortmectof ROCKAWAYS and BUGGIES
es hisown make. He will also build to order.
—ALSO,—
Agenerslsssortment of HARNESS, which will be dis
posed cf low.
VEHICLES and HARNESS REPAIRED at shortnetier,
very low. sepl-twAwtf
GREAT BARGAINS IN DRY GOODS
SELLING OFF VERY CHEAP.
WM. H. CRANK, would respectfully eaU the atten
tion of the public to hi 9 extensive stock of DRY
GOODS, which he wishes to dispose of before the first of
January next, and which he now offers at greatly reduced
prices. Persons visiting the city to purchase DRY
GOODS, will find it greauy to their Interest to examine his
"VS,*., Hebei not only a very large and varied assortment
of Rich DBBSS GOODS, of the latest etyles, but also a great
FLANNELS, KERSEYS, Kentucky
Zt^?i,\w 4 JI ! J l iT rs > tweeds, shawls, calicoes,
“>dßro. SHEETINGS andSHIRTINGS,
OSNABURGB, Ac, which he is determined to aelL Give
ham a call snd you will not regret it. nBO-wtjal
rsxoyax.
At RICHMOND have removed to the Store
&»^^rV£2i l rbZ ab '*«
WEEKLY
owffluimi
Front Ike Literpool Courier of Dee. *.
Shipwreck W • Drill.h «blp,an4 Lot. of Two Una
4re4 >u4 I'm, Line.
W, h»T« rec«!re<l aceouuu of the wreck of tho
Britieh ehip LuJj Evelyn, Copt. M’Clellon, while
on a voyage from Hodt Kong to Ban Francisco.
No fewer than two hundred and silty liveewer
loet. The previoua mail furnished some brief in
telligence ot a serious loss having occurred on one
of the Madj scosoma group of islanda, and through
the representation ofX'oyd’e agents her Majesty's
st'arners Hermes and Sslamandar were dispatched
to ibe scene of the reported catastrophe. It was
then ascertained that the ill feud ship had gone
upon a reef known as Richard Kockß, off the sooth
east end of Typuisan, one of the group previously
named, situated iu lat. 24 42 N.; long. 125.24 E.',
and of the number of souls who were on board
only thirty had escaped, who were taken off the
island by the steamers, after being there upward
of two months.
| Tno Lady Evelyn was the property of Measra.
■ Herring, of Liverpool. She was a lino vessel c'
, Fib tons, built in (J'rebec in 1851, and registered at
, Lloyds as A l,for four year*. Toward the latter
l eon of last year ahe left London for Melbourne,
s snd on her arrival at that colony proceeded to
Hong Kong, where she was taken up for tho con
, veyanco of a number of Chinese laborers to ban
Francisco, bbe lett that port on the 2Vth of June,
with a cargo consisting of granite slabs, 450 tons
I of rice, sngsr, and other merchandise. In addi
lion to two huudred and twenty emigrants, ot
i whom forty were females, who were shipped in
her, she hud several passongers, among whom was
an English gentleman named button, Major l'oore,
of the American service, and two l'ortugueao iner
chants; her crew, comprising twenty two Euro
pean sailors and two mates, Messrs. Mackay and
M’liae. It was observed on her leaving that she
was down pretty deep in the water, although not
so much as some that had quitted the port.
For about a fortnight alter leaving nho encoun
tered contrary and bslHing winds, in the course of
which she carried away her mainmast. Captain
M'Ciellan boro up for Amoy, and having replenish
od his stock of provisions and water, snd making
good tho damage which tho ship bad sustained, he
resumed tho voyage on the lllh of July, taking on
board at Amoy another and s third elßier, Mr
Livingstone. On the night of the 17th the ship
cleared the North end of Formosa. At daylight
on the 19th tho mercury in the barometer begin
to descend, indicating tlie approach of bad weather
and shortly sfli rwaras a breeze set in from the b.
S. E., with squalls. At 10 o’clock tho wind in
creased to a gale, carrying away the jibboom and
maintopgallaut mast. At 4 o’olock the next day
(iho 20th ) an island was sighted which was sup
posed to bo Taysursa, about 40 miles to tho East
ward oftho North Cape of Formosa. Tho gale
chopped round to the North East, tho crew wore
ship, and later in the day Capt. M’Ciellan, finding
tho storm gaining fearfully, shortenedsail, bearing
away under furled mainsail and closs reefod fore
and inizeu topsails. The wind again voersd round
to the Norhward, snd ths ship’s courso was
nhaped E. by N.for 17 hours.
The stormcontinued to rage tremendously, enlit
ing tho sails to threads, and causing the vessel to
labor houvily. bho was then hove to with her
head up to E.S.E. There was no abatement in
tho vioionce of the weathor on the following day,
and tho ineroury had so far dropped as to be
scarcely visiblo in the tabs. The ship roiled away
the main and inizon masts heads, spanker, ami
main sponcer gust. At 1 o’clock p. in., a reef of
rocks was noticed on tho lee beam. They wore
tho ship uud cleared it; etili no land was visible,
the weather being tl iek snd hazy. About SB hoar
afterwards land was discovered on her lee beam,
two miles distant, its close proximity immediate
ly created tho greatest alarm. All hands were in
stantly employed to clew nn fore sail and fore top
sail, together with a sparo fore topmast staysail on
tlie stump of tho maimnsst; a tremendous sea,
however, prevented tho possibility of ths weather
ing another reef, which they observed olose in on
shore.
As a last resource, both anchors were let go, one
took out 80 fathoms of chaiu, and the other 75
fathoms, hut such was the force she was driving as
to causo the cable to drag on her bows. The ship
held on notwithstanding, although at times lying
completely on her broadside, until about four
o’clock, when iter stern struck on tho ridge of the
reef with such torrifle force as to break the vessel
right in two. Sho parted just abaft the mainmast.
Long beforo this, the holplcss Chinamen crowded
the decks. Their wholo cucrgio* wore devoted to
filling the air with toss papors, and shrieking
frightfully. Tho momont after site struck the
stern and aftor part of tho ship drifted away, load
ed with human beings, not one of whom escaped,
each succeeding sea sweeping them oil into deep
water. The long boat remained on deck, and some
20 or *0 wero colloetod around, hoping to preserve
themselves by it, aud in their efforta to get the
craft clear the mainmast came down lengthways
upon thorn, crushing the boat and almost every
one who wero near it to death.
Tho second mate, Mr. MeKea, one or two of the
cabin passengers, and about thirty others, took to
theforo rigging, which happily for them eontinued
in an upright p* ition, no doubt kept so by the
grauitosiabs winch wero in that portion of the ves
sel whioli rested ou the roof. They had acarcely
taken up their position, bofore the forepart of tho
ship opened out iu two parts, one chain cable drag
ging the windlass through the bows. Tha chief
inato, Mr. Mackay, aud three or four soamen, were
swept away on the bowsprit; they wore seen cling
ing to it for some time afterward, and then disap
pear. Those who had taken refuge in tho foro rig
ging continued holding on till 111 o’clock tho noxt
day, when they determined upon attempting to
reach the shore. Whether thoy all succeeded lias
not boon correctly ascertained; but among those
who were fortunate, were Mr. Mcltao, tho steward,
threo able soamen, ono of tho Portuguese, two
females, and 22 Chinamen.
McKao had sunk before he reached tho land,
and but for two of the natives of tho island, who
swam to him, and kept him up, ho must have per
ished. On guiniug the shoro, thoy found that one
of tho Chinese women had, by some extraordinary
moans, been cast on tho beach on a spar during the
night, and had olimbed up to the summit ot the
cliff. Tho survivors wero taken into tho interior
by the natives and waro moat kindly treated. The
chief of the place caused them to be sheltered and
fed with much liberality. They remained on the
inland for two months aud four days, when H. M.
steamer Hermes,and a party headed by Mr. Wil
liams, a midshipman, who had eoine off from 'he
ship to explore the country in acarch ol the snrvi
vors, eamo upon their “settlement.” As may bo
imagined, the arrival affordod much joy to the poor
fellows, who, from the position of the island, had
given up almost all hopes of boine taken off.
Os the wreck of the Lady Evelyn not a vestige
remained. It is uu leratood that she was insured,
but not to the extent stated. Nearly the wholo of
hor crew wore shipped iu Loudon,, and'many of
them have lett families.
Peter Hlngle’r Esrapetrooi Matrimony.
“Wo are all subject to disappointment,” says
my aunt with a sigh.
“ True, we are, I answored, “ but you autoly
don’t pretend to call mine a disappointment!”
“Whet elso, you^blockheadl”
“Why, an escape, aunt; a wonderful, miraculous
and delightful escape.
“Why, these aro strange words, Peter.”
“No more strango than true, tny good aunt—
and every day’s preservation makes it moro so.”
“How so ?”
“ Meroly peeping, aunt, looking into tho hesrte,
the secret-i snd houses of those that are married, 1
am taught then tho truo blessings of liberty, ’Tie
a gift of Heaven, bestowed ou man by his divine
Creator—and animatod being free from the thral
dom of alavory, sing together to J jy—for why—be
cause they aro free.”
“Why l’eter, you scorn inspired.”
“ 1 sm aunt, whon speaking of liberty.”
“Then you dou’t regret tho loss of Dolly.
“Not a flg—nota flg—did you evor hear the rea
son of our separation, aunt!”
“No.”
“ Well I will toll it to you—’tis an excellent
joko, I assure yen. Wo wero on our way to the
church for tho awful crime of matrimony—trudg
ing along tho path lending to tho holy pile, quite
loving and atfecliouato, when all of a sudden Dolly
looks up in my face and cries, Peter, Peter 1
W hat, Dolly I says I. Peter, aaya she, who is to
make tho fire after we are married’ You, of
courre, Dolly, I replied-that yon must be aware
is a female's plseo, her duty. Mr. Single, I tell
you it is unmannerly, ungentlemanlike, and it is
nnhusbandlike too, to say I must make the fire.
Do you think I will got up of a cold frosty morn
ing,' while yon arc nlooping in bed, and mako your
fire, sir! Wliv, Dolly, my dear, this is strange
conduct, and 1 went on to tell ber, that I would
preparo the wood over night, and have everything
ready for her—and Dolly, you know my business
will call mo out early. 1 don't know, nor I don’t
earc, Mr. Single; make tho fire I will not. Ton
won’t make tho lire, tnadamel No sir. Then
Doily, hang me if I havo you. Then, Mr. Single,
hang mo il I earc.”
“ And so you parted.”
“ Yes, on tho spot--and I hare rejoiced at the
event ever since.”
fjf” Leiffli Hunt could not have sat for Dick
ens’s “ Skimpole.” Harold could never have
written this sonnet, but Loigh Hunt could, and
did:
AN ANGIL IN THE HOWE.
How sweet it were, if without feeble fright.
Or dying of the dreadful beautew* ei,ht,
An angel earns to ue, and we could bear
To see him issue from the silent air
At evening in our room, and bend on ours
His divine eyes, and bring ns from his bowers
News of dear friends and children who have never
Been dead indeeiV—as w* shall know for evsr.
Alas ! we think not what we daily aee
About our hearte—angele, that are to be,
Or may be if they will, and wo prepare
Their souls and outw to meet in happy air—
A child, a friend, a wife, whose sort heart ring*
Qln unison with ours, breathing its future wings.
The strict honesty of Bob Simpjlass dosorvee
to be regarded as &n example to his brethren of
the Happy-good-fellow Socioty. The other night
having walked over Cambridge bridge in azig-xag
course, curious and wonderful, he liovenp against
the toll-house, and giving the toll-gatherer two
cents, he exclaimed :
“Here ic’s my contribution to the support of the
bridge.”
“Yes, and there is one cent over,” said the ten
der.
“One cent is the regular toll—io—io—aint it!”
“Yes, sir.”
“Weil, then, I owe you two, any way—for if I
have not walked every plank in the bridge, twice
over then—io—l'm a barber’s pole. So, keep the
change, old fellow.”
lie reeled f way, and the admiring toll gatherer
ost sight of him in the darkness.—. Boston Par*r.
Dkßtov tixaj.— A --aolntion has been intro
duced into the Texas Legislature, declaring what
is known as thesealing system—as the fixed poT
cy of the state. A bill has also been introduced fix
ing the Ist of July, 1555, as the period before
which the holder* of the public debt, who have
been adjudged to have a lien on the five million
fund, reserved by the United States, as creditors to
whom the duties on imports wore pledged, shall
file the releasee requited by the proviso of the
boundary act, ortheirclaimsahali beannnlled and
canceled. Judging by the tone of the official pa
per, the Austin Garotte, these compulsory meas
ures to bring the creditor:: to a final settlement
speedily are likely to pea* both houses.— Pjeoyant
Tisxxx Calculations.— The Hello well Gazette
says that some cute Yankee has estimated that
the ocean oontaina 24,000,000 cubic miles of water
—a qnantity about eqnal to that which all the
rivers cf the ei.rth would disgorge in 40,000 years.
The amount of heat received from the son in a
single year would be sufficient, if eqaslly dis
tributed, to melt a crust of ioe thirty-two feet
thick, enveloping the whole earth. According to
the technical reckoning, the solar beat which an
nually rises from the sea water in the form of
vapor, wonld, if properly directed, exert an influ
ence eqnal to sixteen billions of horse power. A
company of " Yonng Americans” will undoubted
ly soon be formed, for the purpose of adapting
this last mentioned power to manufacturing pur-
P«e«.
ngfiL - -* * • - 'r > '
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY, DECEMBER 28, 1853.
Tke Purchase of Mount Tcroon.
The introduction of a bill for the purchase of
Mount Veroou by the United States nas drawn
| from the National Intelligeuecr some rcminisencee
I of the past action of our Government in reference
to the remains of Gen. Washington. It appears
that the first action taken was in December, 1799,
when Congress passed resolutions aothoriziug
{’resident Adams to correspond with Mrs. Wash
ington, and a*k her assent to tho interment of the
remains of her illustrious husband nnder a Monu
ment to be erec'.od by the United States iu the
Capitol, at the city of Washington. Mr*. Wash
ington in a delicate and touching response, gave
her assent to the request. But the Monument was
not erected, and the remains, Uierefore, were not
removed from Mount Vernon. In 1816 the Legis
ia me of Virginia inthorized Gov. Nicholas to ap
ply to Judge Bushrod Washington, then proprie
tor of Monnt Vernon, for leave to remove tho re
mains of Gen. and Mrs. Washington from Monnt
Vernon to Richmond, to be placed under the Mo
nument proposed to be erected to the honor of
Washington at the Capital of tho State. Judge
Washington declined, his principal reason being
that Washington’s remains wero placed in the
tomb at Mount Vernon in accordance with *• hie
own will, and that will woe io him a law which he
dart not deeobe y.” The last action -sken by Con
gress on the subject is thus detailed by tho Intel
ligencer:— Dal'.. Amer.
On the 18th of February, 1882, tho two Houses
of Congress appointed a joint committee to make
arrangements tor celebrating the centennial birth
day of George Washington. The Hon. Henry Clay
was appointed chairman on tho part of the Senate,
and the Hon. Philemon Thomas on the part of the
House. Chief Justice John Marshall was request
ed to deliver an oration on the occasion, but de
clined, principally cn the ground that, in addition
to tho pressure of his official duties, he was ph)si
cally unable to perform the task, his voice having
become ao weak as to be almost inaudible even iu
a room not unusually large.
A resolution was recommended by the commit
tee proposing that application be made to tho pro
prietors of Mount Vernon for the body of Georg ■
n ashington, to be removed and deposited in the
Capitol, in conformity with the resolution of De
cember, 1799. It was provided also that tho pre
•idiug officers of the two Houses should prescribe 1
the order of such ceremonies as they might deem
suitable to the ceeasion of the iutorment of the bo
dy of George Washington in the Capitol, on the 1
22il of February, and that tho two Houses should 1
attend them.
Mr. Clay supported the resolution ii>Lis usual
eloquent and impressive style, and referred to the
fact that those entrusted with the elocution of the
Capitol had already provided a vault under the
centre of the rotondo tor tho expro-s purpose. lie
thought it tho proper time to carry out tho unre
deemed pledge of Congress.
Mr. Forsyth opposed the resolution on tho ground
of the expressed wish of General Washington, who
required in hia will that his remains should rest in
the family vault.
Mr. Taxewell and Mr. Tyler also opppsed the re
solution, which was supported by Mr. Webster.
Mr. Sprague, and Mr. Bibb.
The resolution was finally adopted by a vote of
29 yoas to 15 nays.
On the next day tho House of Representatives
adopted a joint resolution, in which tho Senate
ooucurred, for assoc ating the remains of the con
sort of Washington with his own, in their disinter
ment at Mount Vernon and re-interment in their
appropriate mausoleum, the Capitol of the Union.
The Legislature of Virginia forthwith took ac
tion, at the suggestion of Governor Fioyd, land
passed resolutions, on the 20th of February, 1832,
remonstrating against the proposed removal: ’
“ Resolved,vnanimuusly, That the proprietjr be
earnestly requested, in the name of the people of
this State, not to consent to the removal of tho re
mains of General Washington from Mount Ver
non.”
And so intent was Governor Floyd on this head,
that he appointed Judges Brooke and Marshall and
Major James Gibbon to be the bearers ofthocom
munication to Congress. The proceedings of Vir
ginia on the subject wore thereforo eutered upon
the journals.
Application having been made to the proprietor,
Mr. John A. Washington, he declined on the
ground that tho Will of Washington, in regard to
his remains, had boon recently carried into effect,
and that they now roposo in perfect tranquillity,
surrounded by those of other endeared members
of the family.
Mr. Custis, tho grandson of Mrs. Washington,
gavo his assent, ana congratulated the Government
upon the approaching consummation of a great act
of national gratitude.
But no further steps wero taken in regard to the
removal, and, on the motion of Mr. Thomas, tho
correspondence was placed upon the Journal, In
order that it might be understood that Congress
had gono to tho oxteut of its power in tho case.
At a subsequent period a proposition was made
in Congress to carry out tho ohjeot of the resolu
tion of December, 1799, in regard to tho National
Monument; but the reply was that Washington
had a monument in every American heart, and
theru was no need of a monumoutal pile at the
Capitol.
Os late years tho purchase of Mount Vernon by
the Nation has beon agitated. It will bo seen that
Virginia has an oyeto thesame object. In tho late
message of Governor Johnson to the Legislature of
that State, after referring to the Monument now in
process of erection in the Capitol Squaroat Rich
mond, he makes the following rcconimeudaticn:
"In connexion with this subject, I cannot ro
fraiu from respectfully but earnestly recommend
ing to the Legislature tho propriety of tho pur
chase of Mount Vernon by the State of Virginia.
And I do so at this tiino tho more particularly, bo
tause there is roason to apprehend that it is about
to pass into tho hands ot strangers. The impor
tance of the acquisition of this property by the
United Btates has frequently boon brought to the
attention of Congress, and it is surprising that
this commcndablo project has met with solittlo fa
vor. For this we shonld over feel thankful, bo
cause if once the property of tho Fodoral Govcr
ment, wo might never liavo boon ahlo to ropur
ehaaoit. This should novor bo. Whilst we might
reasonably prefor that it ahould bo the property of
tho Union rather than bolong to ary privato indi
vidual, yet Virginia, and she only, should be the
owner and have control of this sacred and couso
crated spot, where rest tho mortal remains of her
immortal son. Who else but Virginia should own
this hallowed spot—to guard and protect tho gravo
of him whose name will bo revered as long as one
shall live toadmiro Amoncan liberty ' Andshould
some ruthless hand ever disturb this sepulchre of
the honored dead, or oven change tho primitive
simplicity ot his former residence, a Benso of
shame would cornu upon every Virginian and
feel that that had been lust which could
not bo estimated in dollars and conts. If it can
bo purchased, theu upon fair and reasonable terms,
let us do it at once, that wo may preserve it in its
primitive simplicity and beauty—to bo fiocly ro
sorted to by all admirers of true greatness and hu
man liberty, and to bo gazed on by all who may
pass upon the beautiful I’otomao.
“Considering tho character of him whose name
has thrown this hnlo of glory around thospot, and
in view of the fact that (foromost as usual in
whatever was good and groat) ho presided over
the flret Agricultural Boeiety that over met in
Virginia, I do not know that tho property oould
bo moro appropriately disposed of than to convert
it into a modol farm, and establish upon it a
Slate Agricultural School. If this disposition
should not meet your approbation, tlion it might
be well to considor t: o propriety of establishing
there s literary institution of some kind on a diff
erent bisis. Tho first ohjeot, however, should bo
tho acquisition of the property.”
The Supply of Cotton.
Weoopy the concluding paragraphs of an ar
ticle on the supply of cotton, which wo find in the
Manchester (English) Courier of a lato date. The
object of the writer ia to point out the danger to
which the commercial interests of Great Britain
would be exposed, should the supply of oolton,
which they now receive annually from tho United
States, fail from any cause.
The writer contends that England is almost
wholly dependent on America for the supply of
the raw material, out of which she manufactures
the chief productions of the kingdom, and he com •
plains that she is making no offort to throw off
this dependence on a nation that is the only great
commercial rival sho fears. Should there no a
short crop of cotton for two or three years in suc
cession, says tho writer “it would bo far worse than
a scarcity of food for the district of Manchester, for
the operatives would be starving in the midst of
plenty.”
We annex the concluding remarks;
We have shown the moral impossibility of an
early supply of cotton anything equal in extent to
the requirements of so largo an increase of con
luroplion as is at present taking place, and we
must call the most serious attention of our reader*
to the subject; for, with the mighty power at
work and its numerous dependents, should the
crop of tho Uuited States fall materially short of
the aggregate consumption, which it i* always
liable to do from various causes, great and diead
ful would be the distress it would ooca..iou in this
country. Indeed, it is too great a risk lor any na
tion to run to bo dependent upon ene country, one
soil, one climate, ono system of cultivation lor an
article upon whiclt so many of it* subjects arc de
pendent for their existence ; and it has been a
sad oversight of preceding governments in not
having had recourse to some expedient for the
supply of this most important of articles for more
general production, which would increase the sta*
bility or the trade, and permanently secure to it a
more ready supply.
It will, perhaps, not be ont of place here to
show the groat fluctuations that have heretofore
marked the gTOwth of cotton in the Cnited States:
s*owth or cotton in the united states.
Bales. Bales.
1839-40 2,177,588 1546-47 1,775,651
1540-41 8,684,945 1547-45 2,847,684
1841-42 1,638,574 1 848-49 2,725,596
IS4S-43 8,878,878 1849-50 8,096,706
1848-44 2,080,409 1850-51 2,855,857
1544-45 2,894,508 1861-52 8,015,257
1845-46 2,100,587
From this it will be seen that the large crop of
1840 feU in 1841 about 550,000 bales; in 1843 it
increased again about 750,000 bales ; in 1844 it
decreased about 850,000 bales; in 1345 it decreased
860,000 bales; in 1847 it decreased 616,000; in
1849 lit increased 1,000,000 bales; in 1350 it de
creased 680,000 bales; in 1851 it increased 259,000
bales, and in 1858 it has increased 960,(4)0 bales.
Sufficient ha* been shown to prove the uncer
tainty ol the cotton crops of America, and their in
stability source of supply. We have thought it
right to urge attention to this subject, for should
there come e scarcity of cotton, it would be far
worse than a scarcity of food in this district, for
the operatives would be starving in tho midst of
plenty.
Something ought to be done, and done quickly
to avert the national distress which would follow
a failing in the supply of cotton in America, if con
tinued for two or tliree years.
Usx of Wealth.— e commend to oar readers
who in the Providence of God have accumulated
riches the following passage. Let such make to
themeelves friends of the mammon of un
righteousness :
“Afeeling pervades in this community that it is
not the possession of wealth, but the use of it, that
dignifies and renders its possessor worthy of re
spect. It is not the exhibition of splendor and
fashionable pride which entiilee man to honor. If
he shows me only his wealth and his elaborate
furniture, he but reminds me of his wealth and
my poverty, and I thank him not for it. But if
he shows me upon his walls pictures from the pen
cils of the native genius of my land—if he pleases
my eye with the evidence of present success and
promisee of still higher future triumphs—if he
has brought from some nook of obscurity, a suf
fering child ot genius, and has enabled him to
glorify and serve his oountry—if he shows me he
has laid the oorner stone of some institution for
the instruction of the young—then I thank him.—
I thank God who made him rich, and that be has
used his riches for such noble ends. There is no
envy of such a man ; ail men honor and respect
him; and he receives, as he deserves their *eulo
gies. But the man who lives only to accumulate
and hoard, and who leavea no record of his useful
ness in arts, of letters, or morals, or religion or
charity, goes
“To the vUo dost from whecea he nrua*,
Unwept, anheoered, and snug.*
, • ORIGINAL.
For the Chrcnieie 6 Sentinel.
The Marou and Warrentoa Ra’.l Road.
aoxcLiDd.
We areto investigatein the present article the re
lations of the new or “Metropolitan” Road, to tlie
Georgia Railroad, and the probabilities of its get
ting the through mail and travel.
Tbe Georgia Railroad already has the through
mail and travel, running its entire length. Why
take steps to reduce it from 170 miles to 50? Even
when the Waynesboro' Road and the Opelika and
Columbus Branch are completed, the distance from
Augusta to Montgomery via Atlanta, will be less
than that via Waynesboro, Central Railroad,
Southwestern Railroad, Opelika Branch, &c. The
former is 171, 87, 88-846 milce. The latter 51,
111, 99, 26, 64—851 miles, over more roads, in
volving more loas in connections and changes.—
Need the Georgia Railroad to bo afraid of this com
petition ! Why then shonid it build a road to de
tract from its own business, and bid ajaiial iteetf
for the through travel ?
If it be said, however, that the Girard and Mo
bile Railroad will ultimately enable it to take the
through mail and travel, weanswerthatby the time
of its completion, neither that road, nor the Macon
and Warrenton, (if built) nor tho present lino wiil
have it, but it will all havo been transferred to the
system of roads nearest a right line from New
York to New Orleans, passing through Philadel
phia, Baltimore, and Washington City—and thence
either along tho old Piedmont route, or else, di
vergiug from the present lino in toto, and going
through Lynchburg and Abing. on, (Va.) and
Knoxville, (Tenn.) and constituting, together with
other roads in pregross or projected, the most di
rect route between tho great centres of Northern
and Southwestern trade.
Tho greater part of each of the two systems of
roads above referred to—which maybe charac
torizcd as the Knoxville, and the Piedmont routes
—is alroady in progress. But for the difficulties
of th* country, which may involve much curvation
or excessive grades, tho Knoxville routo wonld be
beyond competition. Tho Piedmont route involves
no such difficulties, and probably combiues great*
cr advantages than any other. Washington City
and Selma (Ala.) are almost in the diroot line go
ing N. Y. and N. O. By consulting a Railroad
map it will bo soon that Kuoxvillo is almost di
rectly botwoon them, (though on a different Bide
of the mountain,) and that railroads are already
in progress on the greaterpart ofthe line. It will
bo scon also, that the route abovo referred to as
the Piedmont route, passing thiough Richmond
and Danville, Va., and Charlotte, N.C., wants only
a tow links of being completed to Montgomery,
Ala. The routo now followed is further from the
line, having a great angle at Wilmington. The
three routes may bo represented by the string of a
bow, (the Knoxville route,) and by bows of differ
ent degrees of ourvation—tho Piedmont boing the
less curved, and the Wilmington tho more curved,
or by the degrees of comparison—dircot, less di
rect, least direct.
From tho best information accessible to the
writer, without protending to exactness, ho has
compiled the following table of distances betwoon
the abovo natnod points—Washington City and
Selma themselves on the line betwoen Now York
and New Orleans:
Present Route ready. Int'iate Route. l>irtct Route.
Waiu’ton City to Waah’ton City to Wash’ton City to
Richmond, 130 I Richmond, 180 Gordons’lle.. 90
Peteriburg.... 39 Danville 140 Charlott’.Me 21
Weldon 84 | falitbury 104 Lynchburg.. 70
Wilmington.. .162 | Charlotte 4U VaState l’ne 2i 5
Manchester...l62 Cheetervilie... 44 Knoxville.. .180
llranehville.. . 49 | Newberry 28 Dalton 110
Augusta 7t I Abbeville I’J Kingston ... 40
Atlanta 171 Washington.. 42 Rome 18
West Fo.nt 87 | Atlanta 180 Jacksonville. 50
Montgomery... 88 Montgomery..l7s Selma 155
Sehna 61 Selma 51
10«0 M 3 858
It will be seen then, that in tho contest for tho
mail, there are two other routes decidedly prefera
ble to that in which the Macon and Warrenton
Road is embraced. •
II it be said, that notwithstanding the difference
in distance, the mail Ac., will eoek to go through
tho largo citios, let the Wilmington and Manches
ter Road, about to -divert it from no lois a place
than Charleston, give the Answer.
Compare, now, the relative advantage to the
Georgia Road, of filling the link between Macon
and Warrenton, and that between Washington
and Abbeville—(the only link then wanting, not
in progress, would bo that between Chosterville
and Newberry C. H., for which a charter is
now applied for)—tLere need be only forty miles
instead of soventy built. The mail route would
be much shortened. It would run over ono hun
dred and thirty miles of existing Goorgia Rail
road instead of ovor fifty miles—and would supply
a public neoessity by obviating a very circuitous
Railroad route between a large portion of South
Carolina and tho West.
We havo boon exhibiting arguments to
show that tho “Metropolitan" Road would itself be
an inadequate competitor for the through mail, &o.
Still loss could the Waynesboro’ and Central di
vert it from the Georgia Railroad. Wo can seo
reasons why tho city of Augusta should prefer tho
Wilmington to tlio Piedmont routo—bnt uono
why tho Goorgia Railroad should prolcr it, unless
it be the interest of that Road to tako tho hazard
of a loss direct routo, nt a higher cost, in order to
retain mail and travel for a loss distanoo.
We will devote our remaining space to tho com
ments on our formor article in tho Constitutionalist
of the 15th inst., and tho report of tlio Chief En
gineer of tho Milledgcvillo Road. Tho latter con
tains estimates of the costs of tho Road, founded
on a survey, and an estimate of its profits, foundod
on a sanguine and exhubornnt fancy., The esti
mate is, in some respects, so amusingly oxtrava
gaut as to wear tho appearanca of having boon
computed under tho exhilarating influence of
laughing gas. We append the ostimate:
1. 80,000 through passengers at $2 $160,000
2. 80,000 way passengers at $1 80,000
8. 60,000 through bales cotton at 50 conts 80,000
6. 20,000 way bales cotton at 30 cents 6,000
5. Return freights 36,000
6. Miscellaneous business, local, Ac 20,000
7. Mail transportation 17,000
Total rccoipts 299,000
Deduct for expenses 40 per cent 119,600
Nett income $179,400
By wlmt principle the Engineer was guided in
making the estimate of 80,000 through paseengors,
wo are not informed. Wo can attribute the adop
tion of that specific number to no other cause than
the previous adoption in the mind of tho estimator,
of a certain aggregate result, and tho necessity of
adopting high figures to attain it. Tho problom
wrought seems not so much to havo boon—what
are tho reasonable expectations of the Road, found
ad on the experience of other roads!—as something
like tho following—required a gross income of
about SBOO,OOO, what amount of business would
be required to realize it! The same will be found
far more difficult of attainment in fact, than in a
tabular estimate.
The estimate fixes the number of through pas
sengers on tho “ Metropolitan” Road at 80,000.
The Georgia Road docs an enormous passengor
business. It has the through passenger line —and
by itself and connections, penetrates into the
Cherokee country, and Tonnessoe and North Ala
bama, using this as tho outlet—and yet never (ex
cept ono year) carried one-third of that number.
The number of through passengors on tho Central
Road (penetrating into tho buiic region with the
Millcdgoville ltoad) is but about 15,000. That on
the South-Western, we believe, about 17,000.
Guided by experience and not by imagination, and
considering the relative advantages as termini of
Macon and Atlanta, (information being derived not
from estimates, bnt actual experience,) we think it
a very liberal estimate to fix the number of through
passengers as tho same with that on the Geo. Rail-
Road—supposing the new route to obtain the
through mail, which we do not by any means oon
cede to bo probable, the through travel (from dis
tant points) would be no greater—and there is cer
tainly no better back country for a supply—if so
good.
The estimate of 60,000 through bales of cotton
seems to have had foundation in “intimations from
Macon cotton shippers.” There has been, it is
true, dissatisfaction among the Macon cotton ship
pers—but wrath, has little money value. It makes
people shed blood some times—and some times
causes them to use intemperate language—but we
have seldom known it to make them spend money,
unless in litigating after more. This is rather a
curious fact, but will bo found true upon observa
tion.
The item of return freight* bears too large a pro
portion to that of down freights, conceding the
accuracy of the estimate of the latter—the data
for which are not at all definite or satisfactory.
Only such return freight a* come directly from
Augusta or Charleston—and not those from New
York —wonld find this the best route. Cotton
might seek the “ attractions” of the Augnata and
Charleston market*, but return freight* would
choose the chespeet route. The Central Road
would oertainly have it in its power to make the
routs by Savannah the cheapest. Heavy goods
wonld of course take that route. Light goods
from New-York would find the exact accommoda
tion they needed on the Savannah steamers.
The item of miscellaneous busineee, local and
otherwise, is set down si 20,000. We see no esti
mate of investments in rest estate, and suppose
therefore, thst rents cannot enter into this item.
The Georgia Railroad report of 1858, has about
|5,000 for express freight, extra trips, season
ticket*, &c. The Metropolitan, of le6S than half
ttae length, will scarcely have four times ths busi
ness.
Unless the through mail is secured, the item for
mail transportation needs reduction by more than
one-half the estimated amount. The intimation
is made that the Geo. Railroad may work the Me
tropolitan, yet the ratio of expenses to gross receipts
in the Utter is estimated at 40 per cent., that es the
former being 50. The former cannot be the per
manent rate.
Soppoee the Road to cost, when first eqnipped,
no more than the estimate (say 1,760,000,) which
jS contrary to general experience, is it not likely
- ,
that much of the profits of the Road will ! e cx
= pended on the Road, and put down to cost c f con
struction i Is not this the general experience of
Railroads!
Estimating then by probable data, when they
osn bo had—and conceding his own estimate,
e when none are to bo found—a table may be framed
much more likely to be reliablo—(and erring, so
tar as it errs, on the side sf arress »t>ove a safe oal
-1 culatiou torour investigation.) Take a pie.-par
' ons Road, doing an unusual passenger business
1 snd commanding tho through travel, as our erite-
I rion for travel (and doubling the Central Road,
1 starting from tbesamo point) we will ooDcedc moro
1 tho travelling public probably will— 30,000
1 through passengers.
1 80,000 throngh Passengers at *2 |60,0» 00
“ ' Bt *t SO,O'8) 00
60,000 through bales at 50 ets 30,000 00
20,000 way “ at 80 6,10 c 00
Return Freight two-thirds of down 24,000 00
Miscellaneous
Mail Transportation 17,000 00
Gross Receipts $172,000 00
Expenses 60 per oent 86,000 00
Nolt Profits ♦36,000 00
If tho route fails of through travel, deduct from
gross receipts $20,000 as over-cstinute on passon
gers, and SIO,OOO as over-estimate on mail, and (al
lowing for the expenses on tho same) deduct half
the amount from not profits, it will leave $71,000
as nett receipts. Yot this estimate leaves untouch
ed several items with which wo may reasonably
suppose the sanguine temperament of tho Engi
neor was quito liberal, having no snoh decisive
check upon it as upon some which he very largely
over-estimated. With all tho concessions the larger
estimate is less thxn4>j per cent., and tho smaller
littlo more than 8X on $2,000,000. If tho Engi
neer saw the cost of the road through tho dimin
ishing, as he saw tho profits through the magnify
ing end of his glass, tho above is quito too small
for the probable cost.
Wo have room and desire for but few words in
reply to the Constitutionalist. We shall wage no
war of motive/. Wo have given with our opinion
the reasons of them—reasons which wo are inclined
to think will commend themselves to the sober
judgment of many readers. Let it answer them,
and the paternity of theso articles will matter littb.
Directing attention to one distinction will suffice
for answei to much of its argument. Its argument
goes to show that tho proposed road wonld profit
the city of Augusta—a point we never dispu ed—
save as to tho degree of benefit. Our main point,
to which all others wore incidental, was that it
would bo an unprofitable, indeed iujurious invest
ment to tho Georgia Railroad. Some of thoso
points on which tho Conati&ttWnalist relies to
prove tho road would be profitable, aro tho very
ones in which it would thrive at tho exponse of
the Georgia Road. The first point is, that it would
take the through travel. Wo liavo shown that it
thereby would divert it from 170 miles of pre.-ent
through travel, and from 130 milos of attainable
travel, to 50 miles. The second point is as to lo
cal travel. The Constitutionalist represents the
Millodgevillo Road as gettng travel “ going
West from almost evory point in tho Slato north
of the lino from Augusta and Atlanta.” There
is cortainly Imnch of the country above that
line which would go byway of Atlanta, and it the
road just chartered from the Estonton to the Geor
gia Railroad bo built, much would also take that
route. When the othor probable connections aro
oompleto, tho Georgia Road would not be benefit
ted, in thiß respeot, by complicating itsoll with
this entorprize, nor any public convenience effect
ed, comparable with that of tho completion of tho
Piedmont route before referred to—which would
out off almost as many hundreds as this woulcl
scores of milos of travel.
II tho amount of down freight aad return freight
on tho Millodgevillo route Bhould be large, this
would boa valid argument in fuvor of tho Georgia
Railroad interest. Wo have already given our
reasons for supposing it will be small and not com
pensate for the partial loss and t-avel. Cotton may
prefer tho Augusta and Charleston market, so as to
overcome the difference in distance between
Atlanta and Charleston on tho ono hand, and
Atlanta and Savannah on the other, and yet not
be ablo to overcomo the much greater difference
between Maeon and these two cities. It may go
16 miles further, yet refuse to go 65 or 70. Tho
Central Railroad may not establish rates to control
a remote supply, like that of Atlanta; but nasi,
imperatively must, to control Us own legitimate
and sole supply.
In relation to tho character of the Georgia Rail
road directors,and of tho stockholders, (of whom we
happen to bo one,) wo havo only to say that they
may bo “competent”—“prudent and intelligent”—
and yet not infallible. Until they are inoapablo ot
error, their plans and enterprises are legitimate
subjects of diseussion and oriticism.
To make no attack upon motives—is it an uni ntel
ligibiesuggestion to tbo Ojnstitutionalist —that men
who have a largo city interest, as woil as a large
Railroad interest, might be unconsciously some
what warped in their judgments upon points
whore tho two interests slightly conflicted.
The suggestion is mado in tho report that
the Georgia Railroad Company may “ tako this
projoot undor its protection, viz: either by a gua
ranty of its stock, or admitting its stockholders to
an oqaality in their general stock.” Why not
rather make Augusta, Maeon, Millodgeville, Ac.,
tho parties interested build tho road ? If the es
timates be in tho neighborhood of accuracy, it
needs no protecting wing, but is a good investment
of capital. Let the cities and communities con
cerned make tho investment and rnn tho risks.
Wo are far from any unfriendly feeling towards
cither of them, but havo nevor been satisfied that
tho interests of tho Goorgia Road would not bo ac
tually injured by the “Metropolitan.” Until satis
fied on this point, we shall foo! perfectly at liberty
to consider each stockholder interested, one of the
“Guardians” of the Georgia Railroad and Banking
Company, and endeavor by discussing its policy
in advance of any action, at all to prevent their
acting übßurdly, by failing to “act deliberately."
Slow and Sube.
For the Chronicle Sentinel.
December 14th, 1858.
ifr. Editor:— l am awnro that local matters do
not generally interest tho public, yet a short nar
rative of our grievances may not be without some
interest.
Shortly after the Legislature convened, a peti
tion was gotton up by tho parties interested, to
havo five ranges ol lots on the East side of the
87th Dist., Brd Section, added to Whitfield Coun
ty. This had boon dono so privately that the
balance ol the District romained in ignorance of
its existence for some tiino. A counter petition
was thon hastily raised and forwarded by mail,
dirvted to the Senator from Walker, who stood
pledged against every alteration of the county
lines, as well as against the organization of a new
county around Ringgold. News now reached us
ropeatedly that, “ thoy bsvo written up from Mil
lodgeville, that thero is no oliance for the cut-off,
nor for tho now county,” who the “ they” were,
we were not informed. Whilst thus reposing in
comparative security, wo wero startled, as by the
cry of fire, that tho entire District, cast of Taylors
Ridge was annexed to Whitfield, save and except,
three residences only. Thus the citizens ot this
military District, except those who leeide on the
five eastern ranges, were transferred in opposition
to tboir wishes, bag and baggage. The whole
truth it in a nut-shcil, Ringgold desired a new
county and wished a corner off Whitfield.
Whitfield, as compensation, must have a portion
of Walker, tho bargain is struck, the new county
gets five ranges off the north ond of the 27th, and
Whitfield the balance of the Distriet, east of Tay
lors Ridge. The representatives of Whitfield
seem to be sharp traders, for they have extended
the corner of Whitfield county, within seven miles
of Lafayette, and from the same point it is at least
16, if not IT miles to Dalton. A body of citizen,
is, by this transaction, bargained, sold, aliened,
conveyed and confirmed, and the conveyance sign
ed, sealed and delivered, and without the know
ledge, approbation or consent of those transferred,
either expressed or implied. It is true there are
three, and only three exceptions to the bill of sale
—Walker’s Senator resides in Ringgold. In the
Dalton Times of December Bth, F. W. McCurdy
states that the framers of tho bill believed they
were accommodating the largest number interested
In the measure. “At least such has been the
earnest wish of those who have been charged with
the matter.” We should like to know who charged
them with the matter—even the Dalton Times is
bragging over the rich valley of Dogwood which
they had acquired. O, yes' Half of the old Mur
ray debt has to be paid by Whitfield, hence the
thrilling senation of the pocket nerve. In all this,
we do not accuse tho citizens of Whitfield, we con
fidently expect that they will as early as possible
do ns justice. Walked.
Fashionable Extbavasance. —One of the New
York newspapers, speaking of the extravagance
that prevails in the world of fashion in New York,
says: “Already our ladies, who make any preten
aion to the title of fashionable, have commenced a
way of rivalry with the European aristocracy, and
if they do not surpass them in the style of dress,
they are certainly their equals in extravagance. In
one year, a lady of fashion, living on the Fifth
avenne, will expend seven or eight thousand dol
lars upon dress; and we are assured, upon the
moat reliable authority, that a walking or promen
ade dress, such as is seen occasionally in Broad
way, costs from fifteen hundred to two thousand
dollars.
The Liverpool Magistrates have fined Captain
R. D. Robertson, of the Clipper (hiviing Star, for
violating the passengeract. This sbipwas forced
by stress of weather and the cholera to put into
Belfast, on her passage from Liverpool to New
York. Tbeohargeeweretothoeffecttbatuncooked
provisions were given to the emigrants; that the
hospital for women had not been maintained; that
a number of the water closete had been cleared
away, leaving fewer than required by law; and that
the bulkhead dividing the male from the female pa*
sengers, had been removed after the ship left port.
A surgeon who wae examined, gave his opinion
that if the Owiding Star had not pat into Belfast,
there would not have been twenty persons alive
when she reached New Y'ork.
Kissing a pretty girl “down south” a young
gentleman asked her “ what made her so sweet!”
“Oh," she replied, in utter innocence, “my
father is s sugar planter I”
Tbe Republic ot Rower California.
The following is tho official account given by the
f filibusters who lauded at La I’az, took the town
and eatablishod tho Bopublic of Lower Ga ifor
f nia:
’ HjiAt) Quarters of tiik Republic of Lower I
1 California, Nov. 7,1853. j
’ On the momingol tlie 17th of October, wo sailed
with the first independent battalion for Lowor
California. The command consisted of forty-five
men. Our voyage was a prosperous one to Cape
Bt. Lucas ; we lauded on the 26th October; there
we gained some information of importance, and
Sroceeded on our way to La Paz. On the third
ay of November, our vessel cast anohor opposite
the town. A party was ordered by Col. Walkor to
land, take possession of tho town, and receivo the
person of the Governor, Liautonaut Gillman com
manding the party.
In less than thirty minutes tho town wns taken
and the Governor BecurcJ. Wo hauled down the
Mexican Hag in front of tho Governor’s house, pro
claimed the independence of Lower California, and
our independent flag floated triumphantly whore,
but a few moments boforo, that of Mexico had
waved in supposed security. Our men, provisions
and munitions of war were landed, tho town for
tified, and Gol. H alter entered upon hi* duties as
I‘resitlent </ tie Republic of Lower California—
issuing such decrees as were most congenial to tho
citizens, as well as to the security and comfort of
his command. Hero we remained until Sunday,
November 6th, when the President determined to
remove the scat of Government to St. Lucas. In
accordance with his d-termidation, wo oubarkod,
taking with us Ex-Governor Espinosa and the
public documents. Shortly alter our embarkation,
a vessel camo iuto port, having on board Col. Ro
boiloio on board the vessel. This order was
promptly executed.
About un hour aftor this occurrence, a party
was sent on shore to procure wood. While in tho
act of returning to their boats, they were fired up
on by a largo party of citizens ; thus commenced
tho first action. Tilts party consisted of but six
inou, who returned to the Voß3el nnder a lioavy
fire ofmnsketry, without losing a man. Moautbno
n fire was opened upon tho town with our ordi
nance, wiiicn was kept up until Colonel Walker
iandod with thirty men, when the light became
general. From the timo of landing uutil the close
of tho action, (a signul defeat of the onemy,) wns
about one and a half hours. The enotny’s loas was
six or seven killed and sevoral wounded. Our men
did not so much as receivo a wound, except from
the Cactus, while pursuing tho onemy through the
cliaparal iu tho rear oftho town.
Tnn3 ended tho battle of La Paz, crowning our
efforts with success, releasing Lower Calitornia
from the tyrannous yolee of Mexico, and the estab
lishment of a new republic. Th# commercial re
sources, me mineral uud agricultural wealth oftho
republic of Lower California, destines her to com- I
pare favorably with hor sister republics. Our men
are all in fino boalth and spirits, and are as noble 1
and determined a body as woro ever collected to- 1
gethor. ]
Our government has b:on formed upon a suro
and firm basis. Tho civil codo aud codo of prac
tice of Louisiana has been adopted for tho rulo of
decision in our courts, and as the civil law of the
land. Wo arrivod at Capo St. Lucas on Thursday,
Nov. 8. On tho morning of tho 9th, tho Mexican
cutter Genova erttisod off tlie cape. Our appear
ance was so formidable she deemed prudenoo the
better part of valor, hcolod to and gavo us tho
slip. In the evening our troops again embarked
for Magdalena Bay, where tho President contem
plated establishing the seat of government for the
present.
Telegraphic accounts from Washington say that
sffleial intelligence has been rocoivcd there of the
abandonment of tho expedition, and the conse
quent sudden obliteration of tho great republic of
“Lower California.”
Later frum Texas.
By tho arrival of tho steamship Moxico, Captain
Thompson, wo have received dates from Galveston
to tho 18th inst.
Tho lion. Thos. Butler King, and Levi 8. Chat
field, Esq., had nrrivedin Galveston, on business
connected with tho I’aoifie Railroad. Tho News
has the following paragraph in relation to tho for
mor of theso geutlomcn :
Tho Hon. T. Butler King, who is now in our
city, has contracted, on the part of tho Texas Con
tral Railroad Company, for the surveying and
grading of live miles of said road, commencing on
the island noar tho city, whitli will tako it to or
near tho point where Hie road will cross tho bay
to the main land.
Wo understand from Mr. King that tho ontire
road will bo placod under contract as soou as tho
preliminary arrangements and surveys can bo
mado. Our follow citizen, Col. Manly, has taken
tho above mentioned contract for grading tho flvo
miles.
Mr, McCullooh offered the following joint reso
lution in tho House, whioh was road a first time,
and, it is Baid, will meet with little opposition :
Whereas, in tho settlement of the public debt of
the Republic of Texas, previous Legislatures, have
adopted what is known to the membors of this
Legislature, and to tho peoplo of Texas ns tho
scaled system, and ns the people havo at various
times indicated their satisfaction with that system,
and as wo hold tho action of former Legislatures
;n this matter to be wise and oquiiablo :
Be it Resolved, by the Legislature of the State qf
Texas, That this Legislature does not intend to
interiupt or clmngo what they considor the settled
policy of tho Stato; and that they now declare
their fixed determination to adhere to the same,
as a goncral system of settlement with the creditors
ol Texas.
A bill has been ordered to be engrossed in the
Senate sotting apart two millions and a half of dol
lars as a permanent school fund, tho interest from
which shall bo used in tho establishment of a sys
tem of free common schools.
A resolution instructing tho Committee on State
Affairs to inquire into tho expediency of abolish
ing the presout license systom for tho retail of
viuous or spirituous liquors, has been adopted in
tho House.— Picayune, nth inst.
Bhith in a Graveyard. —Tho St. Louis Kopub
lican of tho 17th inst. has tho following :
On last Sunday night a gentleman who lives on
the St. Charles road, a short distance beyond the
city limits, by the name of Fitzgibbon, was return
ing to his homo a short time after dark, when he
wus in the neighborhood ot tho graveyards on
Franklin avenue, ho was startlod by a deep moan,
as if from a person in greut distress. He immedi
ately reined up his horse, and getting out of his
vehicle commenced search and following the di
rection from which tho sound procoedod, in n short
timo discovered a young and beautiful woman
lying on the ground and apparently suffering great
physical agony. A moment’s glance revealed the
fact that Bhe had just given birth to an infant, and
thero prossed to her bosom, and wrapped in its
mother’s tattered dress which she had torn from her
person to protect hor tender offspring, lay a smiling
babe. Her story was soon told, for howover muon
she had been wronged, witli that true instinct of
womanly virtue, she kept within her own bosom.
A stranger in the city, without friends and with
out a home, she sought toconcoal hor shamo, and
in tho suorod precincts of tho cemetery, amid dark
ness and surrounded by tho desolation of tho dead,
hor infant drew its first breath under the very
shadow of tho tomb.
What an illustration of life have wo probably in
the wayward course of this poor, weak wanderer!
Charity might well stop to drop n to r over out
raged virtue. Shame, that expressive word of vio
lated innocence, had probably drivon her from
her home, and all tho endearments of tho social re
lation been severed to hido her shamo and an
other’s crimo.
The mother ond tho infahtwore taken in chnrgo
by the charitable gentleman who had found them,
arid taken to his own homo, whore thoy wero pro
perly takon car.o of. Tho unfortunate crcatnro
stated that sho was from the State of Now York,
hut declined to givo her name. She subsequent
ly gave one by which she might bo called, but
which is certainly a fictitious one.
Eonasabte’sFoVibty in EABLr Lin.—M. Thiora,
in liis history of the uonßttluto, recites some very
strange and previously unknown particulars re
s; eeting the early lifo and penury of Napoleon
Bonaparte. It appears that after ho had obtained
a subaltern’* commission in the French service by
bis skill and daring at Toulon, he lived for aomo
time in Paris in obscure lodgings, and in such ex
treme poverty that ho was often without the means
of paying ten sous (ton cents) for his dinner, and
frequently went without any at all. lie was un
dor tho necessity of borrowing small sums, and
even worn out otothes from his acquaintances!
He and his brother Louis, afterwards King of Hol
land, had at ono time only a coat between them, so
that tho brothers could only go out alternately,
timo and time about. At this crisis the chief
benefactor of the futuro emperor and conqueror,
“at whoso mighty name the world grew pale,
was tho actor Tallin who often gave him food
and money. Napoleon’s faco, afterwards so famed
for its classical mould, was during that period of
starvation, harsh and angular in its lineaments
with projecting cheek bones. His meagre fare
brought on an unpleasant and unsightly cutaneous
diseaso, of a typo so virulent aud malignant, that
it took all the skill and assiduity of his accomplished
physician, Corvisart, to expel it after a duration of
more than ten years.
The squalid begger thon, tho splendid emperor
afterwards—the threadbare habilments and impe
rial mantlo—the hovel and the palace—the meagre
food and the gorgeous banquet—the friendship of
a poor actor, the homage and terror of the world
—an exile and a prisoner. 6u«fi aro the ups and
downs of this changeful life, such are tho lights
and shadows of tho great and mighty.
Kemariabi.e Case or Supposed Peij ipactiox.—
There strived, within a few days, at tho depot of
the Baltimore and Ohio Kailroad, in this city, a?)
oblong box representod to contain a corpse, and
it struck us as somewhat singular; it weighod «50
pounds, according to the froigbt charges upon it.
Curious to know something more about this mys
terious box than tho external marks indicated, we
instituted somo inquiries, and derived the follow
ing information which, as we got it from pretty
good authority, wo are inclined to consider correct
until we shall reoeive a better explanation:
The wife of a gentleman living in Nelson county,
in this State, died some four years ago, and was
interred in the usual manner. Being a nativo of
Woodford county, Kentucky, she had requested,
before her death, to be burned beside her kin
dred and in the borne of her childhood. From
accident or delay, her request wus not complied
with until quite recently her relations cansed her
remains to be disinterred, when they were found
to be of the extraordinary weight mentioned a
bove, over Jive hundred pounds. At tho time of her
death her weight was about 110 pounds- Only
the foot of the coffin, which was still in a good state
of preservation, was broken open, when her feet
were found to be in a perfect state of petrifaction,
the stone partaking of the character of the hardest
limestone formations in the looality of the grave.
The inference is that the whole body is thus com
pletely petrified. T'e gontlcman in churge of the
remains is having them conveyed to Woodford
county, Kentucky, according to the request of the
deceased.— Wheeling Intelligencer.
Increase oi thi Civio POPULATION.—The follow
ing table, compiled from tho returns of the late
Census, shows how yery extraordinary is the
growth of the civic population in this country:
1820. 1858. Growth;
New Y0rk....128,70S 700,000 600 per cent.
Philadelphia.. 108,116 500,000 400 “ “
Baltimore 62,783 200,000 225 “ “
Cincinnati.... 9,644 170,000 1600 “ “
St. Louis 4,598 82,000 1800 “ “
Cleveland 606 25,000 4000 “ “
New Orleans.. 27,176 120,000 850 “ “
This comparison is not bo favorable for Balti
more as would be one between 1840 and 1858, the
increase of our population in that time having
been greatly larger than in the period from 1820 to
1840. The entire civic popnlation in the United
States is 8,754,470, and the rural 19.486,596, the
proportion of the civic to the rural population,
beiag 17 per cent. The three States of Pennsyl
vania, New York, and Ohio, contain about half the
civic population of the United States, while they
contain less than one-third the whole people. In
these States the population ie as follows:
Civic. Boral. Proportion.
New Y0rk...1,070,759 2,026,635 25 per c.civic.
Pennsylvania 677,905 1,728,881 25 “ “
Ohio 270,500 1,7M,908 14 “ “
[Baltimore Amer km.
VOL. LXVL—NEW SERIES VOL. XVII.—NO.. 52.
From the Louisville Journal,
SUNBEAMS.
Life has its shadows dark ao<l drear,
la gtoimUminy a spirit bowed,
But sunbeams linger ever near,
And sunshine still roust gild the otond,
Come, look upon yon new-made mound ;
Beside it kneels n mourner fair,
Uermother weeps in grief prolound—
TLdark, butnrenosiinbeatuj there?
Ah, yej I though that dear voice do more
May fall upon her listening ear;
- Though that Amd smite, 10 loved of yore,
Is gone, ts lost forever here,
Though grief would but the soul despair,
Ard Joy and Hope forever flee,
One ray or light yet lingera there —
Her husband whispers—” live for me.”
Weoonieagain; herehoeanone,
Who teems of life Iteelf a part,
I* dying,"and his last,loved tone,
Falls sadly on that widowtd heart.
He tells her, they will meetagaiu
In happy worlda beyond the skies,
And bids her hope, but ab ! in vain—
E’en while he speaka Ills spirit flies.
And it Is o’er—those lips have pressed
The last fond kiss on that pale brow;
That voice, whose tonea 10 oil have blessed,
Is silent—hushed forever now.
Farolf, beneath the damp cold ground,
Ia laid that form of all most dear;
Grief wraps her shrouding mantle round,
Bure sunbeams cannot enter here.
Butscel a lovely, angel-chltd,
With auburn ringlets floating free,
And sunny eyes so soft aod mild,
Climbs wondering up the mother’s knee.
Please, dear mamma, don't cry,” he said;
“It makes your Willie feel so bad.”
The mourner meekly bowed berhend,
Cne precious suubeam still she had.
A year went by—nil pale and cold,
A child upon his pi low lay;
A lingering smile yet sweetly told
How brightly etcsed B’e’s parting day.
His ringlets parted simply were,
Upon his pate transparent brow,
No sunny eye was beaming there;
The tong dark lashes hid it now.
A snow-drop puro and white wai pressed
Gently within one tiny hand,
Fit emblems of the soul whose rest
Was now within the better land.
The mother kneltin anguish by—
Her last, her only treasure gone;
But still, she flxed her gate ou high,
Had murmured, “Lord, thy will be done.”
Religion’s holy light was here—
Gad's sunbeams still around herthone,
And angeis, softly hov’ring near,
Watched o’er her—she woa not alone.
Tlius God above, from Heaven so bright,
E’er guards us with his watchfulness,
And though clouds sometimes veil their light,
Yet, there are sunbeams everywhere,
Clifton, Uuunyside Cottage. Eouki.
Dreadful Catastrophe—Explosion and Los* or Lire.
It is our painful duty to rocord this morning a
most fearful destruction of life, arising from tho
explosion of ti.e boilora of tho steamer Marlbo
rough, Cnpt. Wm. M.Smallwood, which took placo
shortly alter eight o’oloek yesterday morning, ns
she was backing out from Atlantic wharf to pro
ceed on her voyngo to Chornw and tho landings on
tho I’ec Doe Kivor.
The force on board at tho timo of the ex
plosion, including tho captain, oillcors and crow,
comprised twouty-two, tliirteou of whom have
been killed—tho majority having boon either
burnt up with tho hull, or havo mot a watery
grave.
Tho body of Capt. W. M. Smallwood, who we
are told hold tho boll ropo in his hand ntlho time,
has boon recovored, as has also tho body of his
Chiof Engineer, Warren 15. Stono. The Mato,
Capt. 11. N. Bullon, formorly of tho Saranac, is
missing.
Os tho nine saved, several received severe con
tusions—one, a dock hand, a white man, had one
of his arms amputated, yestorday, in oonsoquonco
of injuries sustained.
A small negro boy who was standing on tbo
wharf at tho time of trio oxplosion, was struck on
tho lioad by a piece of iron and instantly killed.
Ono of the boilers, weighing about two tons and
a half, was propelled about two hundred yards,
cutting in its progress three bags of cotton in half,
and knocking down six brick pillurs sustaining
tho eastern portion of a cotton shod on Atlantic
wharf, ultimately being deposited among tho cot
ton in tlie shod.
Tho steam drum passed over tho deck of tho
sohoonor J. T. Purdy—whose officers and mon
were fortunately below at tho timo, at tlioir brouk
fasts—slightly, injuring the foremast, and lodged
on tho wharf.
The captain of the ehip Delaware belonging to
Path, Mo., lying at tho same wharf, and his oilloers
wore at breakfast, and tho tablo ut wbioli thoy
wore seated was filled witli fragments from tho
wreck. •
Shortly after tho explosion, a flro broke out on
beard, endangering the Delaware, but tho bull
was promptly taken in tow by tho steamer Col.
Myers, Capt. Paine, and carried into tho stroum,
where it lodged on a bank in front of the city, and
was consnmed.
Ono of the interests of tho Marlborough was
insured for SIOOO instho South Carolina lusurauco
Company—four hundred dollars on tho onrgo,
which consisted of 275 sacks salt, 6 lihds. Molas
sos, 27 bbls. sugar,' 45 bags coffee, 57 hhds. and
bbls. liquors, and 427 packugos of merchandise—
in the same offioo, and SBSO in tho Agonoy of tho
Augusta Insurance and Banking Company.
Tho cans') of the cutastrophe is not, nor proba
bly ever will bo, dolinitoly known; wo trust, how
ever, that this occurrence—tho Bocond within five
or six weeks—will cause the owners and Captains
of our riyor boats to negloct no precaution that
can conduce to tho safoty of tlioso who trust them
selves on board of them.— Charleston Courier.
Education of Females in Fuanck. —Tho Paris
correspondent of tho New York Courier and En
quiror, in a late letter, mado suggestions wbioh are
worthy of attention:
•‘ln Franco tho ladies aro educated in a mannor
to make them most ogroeable in society, and while
all are taught to keep tho accounts of household
oxponses, many of a poorer oluss aro taught book
keeping so thoroughly us to enable them to follow
it as a profession. In almost ovory Paris shop,
consequently, the books are kept either lyr the
wife of the shopkeeper or by some other fornalo
employed for tho purpose. Thus tho French sys
tem is, to teach females the useful or the agroo
ablc, according to their worldly oondition. Our
Amoiican system is to teach them a little of every
thing; in fact wo take more pains with them than
with our boys, though it would seem from the re
result that hitherto our efforts have been nonotoo
well diroetod. Whilo we have female seminaries
and colleges in wbioh degrooa are conferred, and
’which produce many shallow and discontented
philosophers who immodostly take tho rostrum ut
public meetings, and have begun to invade the
pulpit, wo have very sow who can take charge of a
husband's oounting-room while he is engaged in
tho direction of other departments of his multi
farious bui mess. In Paris, you buy a carpet of
your upholsterer, who shows the goods, makos all
the necessary explanations, nnd Bonds it homo.
Eutwhen you pay, you walk to the neat mahogany
dosk where Madame sits enthroned behind lior
lnrge folio lodger, and it is with hor you roguiato
tho account. Tho French tradesman's wife is no
mere sleeping partner. She takos ail activo, use
ful nnd appropriate part in the management of af
fairs—she knows to what extent tho business is
prosperous—and is therefore i.ovor in danger, like
many American wives, on domandirig a new car
riage or other extravagunco, when her husband is
on tho point of failing. Those remarks aro sug
gested by an account of a mooting in London, of
tho friends and promoters of the Hyde Park Ool
logo for Young Ladies. If tho English will occa
sionally borrow tho notions of their younger bro
tlior Jonathon, it is a pity they do not make a wiser
choice ; it would have boon much bettor, for in
stance, to havo commenced us wo did, with com
mon echooU for girle."
An Untold Aneodotb. —Wlion tho Free Soil ex
citement was at its hoiglit during the session of
tho Legislature of ’4B, ono of tho members changod
his boarding placo. Boing asked by ono of his
fellow hoarders tho reason of changing ho replied,
“Oh I have got tired of this eternal talk about
slavery, tho South, niggers, and so on : tho D< lo
vnn House is full of Free Boilers, and I heard no
thing but higher law, dissolution of tho Union,
the poor slaves—l couldn’t stand it any longer, and
so I left.” “But,” said his follow boardor, (“I
don’t see as you have gained anything, as hero at
Congress Hall aro quite os many Free Boilers of
tho same stripe, and much strongor mon ; boro aro
Doctor Beckman, John Van Huron. Lieutouant
Governor Gardiner, nnd a dozen others, who talk
anti-slavery as much as those whom yon huvoloft."
“ Oh, yes,” said the uneasy member, “ tut thoee
foolish fellow •) down to the Vtlamn believe in it."
A Good One.—“ Paddy, honoy, will ye buy my
watch, now?”
‘And is it about selling your watch, ye aro,
Mike?”
“ Troth it is darlinl’
‘Wliat’s the price?’
‘Ton shillings and a mulohkin of the creature.’
‘ls the watch a daccnt one?’
‘Sure and I've had it twenty years, and itnover
once desaved me.’
‘Well here’s your tin ; now tell mo does it go
well.”
“ Bodad, an’ it goes faster than any watch in
Connaught, Munster, Ulster, or Lcittor, Dot bar
ring Dublin.’
‘Bad luek to ye, Mike, then you havo taken mo
in. Didn’t yon say it never desavod you?’
“Sure an’ I did —nor did it— for l ntver depin
ded on it.
Death or a Merchant. —We are sorry to be
compelled to announce the death of John C. Idol
combe, Esq., of our city. He died last night at
about 7 o’clock, of an affection of tho heart. He
was, a few years since, a morphant of Augusta,
Ga., and subsequently of Charleston, 8. C. He
had re ided in Mobilo for several years past, and
was when bo died, still an active merchant, and
agent for the Augusta, (Ga.) Mutual Insurance
Company. A numerous family and large circle of
friends mourn his loss. His ago was 58 years.—
Mobile Sews, 10?A ins?.
The problem as to tho success of the Caloric ship
Ericceon approaches a solution. The ougine is said
to be now so nearly completed, that a trial trip will
probably he made from New York to-day or to
morrow. Tho Journal ofcommerce says that ex
periments already made show that the desired
amount ofprcssnre may be easily obtained, and
fall reliance is had that the ship will attain a speed
equal to at least ninetnilcs an hour. It is also said
that it has been determined to place tho Ericcson
on the route between New York and Havre, as an
independent steamer, to replace the temporary
vacancy occasioned by the destruction of the
Humboldt.
A Mermaid has at last been discovered I—The
Halifax Chronicle, of the Ist inst., says: “A most
extraordinary fish was caught in the salmon net of
Mr’. Aset Hamilton, Dnndoran, in the Donegal
Bay, last week. It is a beautiful creature ; the
head, shoulders and waist resemble a woman; the
lower part of a salmon. When wo saw It, it was
alive in a vessel of salt water, and Mr. Hamilton
hoped to preserve it alive in that way. The oyo»
are beautiful, and its arms wb9n touched become
stiff, and the whole body appeared sensitive t 0 tbe
touch.—Many persons consider it s young mer
maid.”
Nxw Movement of Opebativx*.— The Pkiladel
phia American states that » roe®tinK factory
hands held recently at Msusyunk, adopt" l viola
tions advocating in smendmobt of themecha
nics’ lien law “ that will secure to mechanic*,
operatives raa’nuf*"<’rers, clerks, salesmen in
Uhorors, the full amount of their earo-
M ureferrcd creditors, before the law, incase
neglect, or assignment of their employ-
This proposition seemß to find muoh favor
in other parts of the State, among the olassee it
embraces. _
CaonoBFOBMiNQ Bxes.—A statement has recent
ly been very extensively circulated that oholor
form had been found by a Mr. Smith of Edinburg,
te be a most admirable means of putting bees to
sleep for a short time, during which as much honey
could be removed as was desired. A writer in the
Boston Cultivator has tried cbolorform according
to Mr. Bm.th’s plan, and found not only that the
bees weresoon put|to Bleep, |iu??Aey Aai'fevnsovftd
ly tUtping ever tint)*.
fYiin the Rtitoriul Correeporieleeyt of'the Savithr.ah
Evening Joui'nal. ' .-ram
Revolutionary Iteinfnlseenco.
Miu.kdubvu.ll, Deo. IS. 'jJ
Among the numerous visitors at the sect of Go
vornmont, wo havo noticed tbo accomplished ,J|
daughter of the Into (ten. Jared Irwin, of rovolu
tionnry memory. Brigadier General Irwin took
an active and patriotic stand in deletion ot the
colonies in tho revolutionary war of the U. Slates . -fi®
against Groat Britain.
Miss Irwin is now en routo for Washington, . JM
City, with a view of prosontingn claim against tho
Government for loss snsfainod, and services ren
dored by her estimable father during that eventful .A3®
period.
Wo are not prepared to speak at length of the Asm
morits of this claim, bnt from tbo most.authentia .1
and reliable facts commoted With the history of the ,>fil
past, wo would consider ,t,lio claipi worthy of the ,
attention and favorable consideration of tho proa
ontCongresß. j
At a carnal glance at tho old flics In the Scereta- ■ B j
ry of State’s effieo at Millodgeviile, wo find that MClm
Gon. Irwin occupied the dignified and responsible
position of Governor of Georgia ifl.the year 1807, jHB)
wlncli position ho held fptu years, rolioctitig ablli- _ 'HMM
ty upon himself, and honor to the State. Gen. I
Irwin was twice Governor ot Georgia, but of tho ’ Vya
first or second period, wo are unable to give the , -
precise date, as our data woro not selected with a '.,3®
viow to historical record ; but on tho 17th dny of • "3
Scptomlior, 1787, wo find him one of the members 'vj®
who ratified and adopted the Constitution oftha
U. b. and agroodupon andprot>osed by the depn- SH
tics of tho b mted States in Gouoral Convention, .A®
held ill tho city, of Philadelphia.
Again we meet him at Augusta on tho «lh day 'll
of May, 1789, us ono of the Delegate* from Wfish- '
mgton county, who mot !n convention for tho. pur
pose of ratdying and confirming lie artluleu term- a®
mg tho Constitution of the State of Georgia.
And at a subsequent meeting of tho delegates of ’
tho peoplo, held in convention at Louisville, Ga., M
mvilhufl i dayol ' a - v > ” 98 i f«.r tho purpose of
revising and amending tho constitution of the '4S
Stalo, wc find his namo recorded us President and $
delegate from iho country of Washington. il®
During tho troubles, (of which there were not a ■ -AS®
sow,) our peopio experienced by the Indians on ji®
the frontier of tho then infaut ooiouy, wo find *.**<S®
Gou. Irwin making many treaties of “I’oucu,
Amity and Commerce,” with different tribe*, of . I
which a vory important one was oonolndod with ■
the Crocks at the mouth of Shoulderbtme Creek on y *3s®
tho 8d day of Nov. 1776. Thoso with many other m jfl
important and valuablo forvicos rendurod to the
Stnto and Government, both military and civil, if
o rtitlo his memory to tho lusting gratitndo of his ®
countrymen.
But whut shall wo be permitted to spook of tha *
claims alluded, when wo oust our eyes upon the *
pages of History, and there viow delineated tho
tnuk, hardships and sufferings of tho half clothed
and had perished band of horocs, “soldiers tracked ' ■
by tlio oozing of blood from their foot through the
snow—womou breaking the ico with their muskets
lor a pathway to guide them to tho field of battle,”
that they might gain tho victory and leavo a lega-
* > ° < *f wor *'* t * loir anchors and of
Such wore tho hardships and Bufferings, writes V J
Judgo Henry, id roforonco to the condition of tho ’SHI
troops, ‘ that some of our companies wero obsorv- wJMft
od to dart from the file, and with thoir nails tear
out of tho sand roots wltioli thoy < steomod oatablo, ft
and ato them raw ovon without washing. ft
lhoy washod thoir mooseskin moccasins in the •
nvor, scraped awoytno dirt and sand with groat
earc ; these wero brought to tho kettle and boiled
a considerable timo under tho vaguo but conaoln- ||
tory hope that n muoilugo would take place. The fe
poor follows cliowod the leather, but it was leather ft
still, ihoy had not received food for tlio lust
forty-eight hours. Disconsolate and weary wo
passed the night. A dog was killed and furnish- ft
ed matonul tor broth, but starvation would havo v ftvtaM
destroyed thorn all in a sow days. “My deg was .; "IK
very lurgound a great favorite. I gave him up to
soveral men of Capt. Goodrich’s Company, who
killed him and divided him among thoso who
wore Building most. They ato every particio of
him save tho hair.”— Letter bf General Vearhan to ®
lien. M in. Allen. J|
Whcu we rehearse these scenes and n thousand
liko instances of trials mid sufferings exporiouecd
by our ancestors, which attest their devotion to .m'iSM
thoir country, and leave to posterity peace, happi- . ftfSM
ness and mdepoudonco, with a government that
will vie with the time-nurtured and aristooratio :
powers of the old world, a government whose
laws and institutions wero rormed for mutual
good, the soundness of whlohjhaa been attested by
years of oxporienco, and witnessed throughout its
progress by an admiring world. Wo entertain too f*
much confidence in the administration and tho
present Congress to harbor for a moment tho idea
that thoy would cavil over a few hundred or a few
thousand dollars, or dream of rejecting such
claims, hoeanso porohaneothore should bo wanting
u link m tho great chain of evidonco snbmittod, or
a word omitted from old documentary testimony
to proporly establish tho same, Claimants should .;
ask what is justly duo them and ho who would re
ject a just demand under a paltry plea-, deserves
not to be u representative of an ouiightoncd and
independent people. ftKJ
Although wc havo already prolonged our artielo { "'rfl
beyond tho space wo should feel justified in giving l- T .
to an ordinary allusion, we cannot retrain, under
tiie eirciirn-tnnces, from adding the subjoined Jot
tor, as ono link to tho chain of ovidcnce that goos
to show tho justness of Miss Irwin’s claim npon
tho government for services rendered in the revo
lutionary struggle by her loved and honored
father.
"Utter from the Governor of Georgia, to the Sec
retary rs liar, dated Mate House, Augusta, Go
tuber \<Uh, 1784.
Maj. Gen. Twioos
H»viiig returned from tho settlement formed by _
Elijah Clark, on theSouth-wostsido of tho Oconoe, gjft
with a positive answer from Clark, that ho would • -B
not relinquish liis enterprise, I lost no timo
in putting Brigadier General Irwin in motion, witli ft
a sufficient detachment of miiifla to cut off tho
communication, and otherwise act as oircumstnnoos
should require. I also ordered anothor detach- ft.ftj
montto hold thomsclvesiu readiness to marlins soon fftv
as some heavy artillery could bo brought from Sa- '
vannah; but from the firudence undaddrese cf Qm* '
Irwin, the marching of this detachment becarno I -
unnecessary. lie soon compelled tho adventures a !
to proposo relinquishing their unlawful attempts, ' -S:
and submit to the laws of this country. Tho posts Jy
are all burnt and destroyed, and tho wholo unsi- . : ft
ness happily terminated without tho lops of blood.
I havo the pleasure to inform you that tlio mill- J
tia on this occasion showed a determined disposi- . ' 'cJJBfS
lion to act with tirmnoss in support o( tho laws of s
their country.
Enclosed you will rocoivo a copy of a disposition '■
relutivo to some murdern and depredations which f'jWK
havo lately beon committed by tho Indians in
Green ccunly. I havo also recoivcd a letter from ■
Gen. Jackson, informing me of Homo negroes and
horses which have been takon from Liberty conn
ty, and late accounts from tho Creek Nation state ftfe Jftft'
the Tallaliasseo King and Broken Arrow aro both .
lor war.” W. H. Y.
New Material tor Paper.
Wo havo just oxnminod sovoral samples of pnpor J
made of roods or cono, ol aspecioa which grows in t
great abundance in tho Southern States; am) uleo u V*
sample made by the same process from white pine . J
shavings. In such an age of invention as tLis, hi- Js
orodulity is nut to be tolerated; therefore, we sub- »
mit with tho beßt possible gruce, oven to tbowhlto * 7
pino. The rood paper is quite a promising nr- fJ
tide, approaching in quality, under tho second ex- )
periuiont, to that on which tho duily Sun is now
printod, both in color and texture. Another sain- .j
pie composed of rags and reeds, one-third of tlio
former and two-thirds of tho latter, is quito a fino ' c
article, and its value is climated, by tho mukors
equal to that from rugs-worth cents por pound.
The paper from pino" shavings is designed for
wrapping or cuvelopo papor; it wns first bleached . $
and thou colored for that purpose, and is valued at
12W oents por pound also.
l’apcr has beon made within a few yoara past :
from loveral substances, and with various success. b
A small quantity mado from straw wns roeoptly -:.j
worked in the regular edition of a daily papor In
a neighboring city, and as the result of an original
experiment, was considered quite encouraging. £
The effort now brought to our attention is highly .
creditable, and has tho promise of an ontlro suc
cess. Tho gentlemen outitled to the orodlt of it
aro 11. A. Lnvoudor, Esq., and Mr. lionry Uowo,
an analytical chemist of this city. They havo been
exporimor ting for somo months upon the mutorial 3
employed, making fluished samples of paper from
timo to limo, which we havo occasionally seen, and ;
tho improvement is considerable. They are san
guine, that witli proper apparatus, papor can bo is
manufactured of reeds or wood, as tho main staple, ;! 1
by their process, worth 12}£ to 16 conts, and at a
cost not excoodlng 6 V cents por pound.
Tho Bubjoct is or manifest importance, and
worthy tho attention of capitalists, in view of the
vast and increasing tlemund for paper, the scarcity , 4
of tho matorial of which papor is at present made, .Ija
ui.d the boundless supplyof thocuno iuourHouth- \j I
eru country.— Baltimore Sun. ■
— . '
Gcabd aoainst VuixiAßirr.—We would guard
Iho young against the use of every word that is .
not perfectly proper—uso no profane oxpres- a'.jJ
sions—allnde to no sentence that will put to
blush tho most sensitive. Yon know not vni
the tondency of habitually using indecent
profane language. It bo obliterated '' -am
from your heart. When you grow up, you
will find at your tonguo’s end some expres
sion which you would not use for any money. It -
was one learned when you were quite young. By
being careful, you will save yourself a groat
deal of mortification and sorrow. Good men
havo been taken sick, and became deliri
ous. In those moments they havo used the
most vile and indecent language imaginable. ,
When informed of it. after restoration to health,
they had no idea of the pain they had given their
Mends, and stated they bad learned and repeated
expressions in childhood; and though years had
passed since they had spoken a bad word, they
had been indcllibly stumped upon the heart.
Think of this ye who aro attooipted to uso im
proper language, and never disgrace yourselves.
Female Influence and Kamov.— l have notioed, b
says Washington Irving, that a married man fal- ~■!
ling into misfortunes is moro apt to retrievo his v,
situation in the world thun a single one, chietly -1,1
because his spirits aro softened and relieved by AKj
domestic cudeaiments, and self-respect kept alivo sftS
by finding that although all abroad be darkness -r»
and humiliation, yet there is still a little world of wjMg
love at home, of which he is a monarch: whereas .'.iirj
asingle man is apt to run to waste and self-neglect; t • J
to fall to ruin like a deserted mansion, for want or
inhabitants. I have often liad occasion to mark ujg
the fortitude with which women sustain the most -as
overwhelming reverses of fortune. Those disag
ters which break down the/pirit of man and pros
trate him in the dust, Beem to call forth all he en
ergies of the softer sex, and give such intrepidity
and elova.ion to their character, that at times ft ..iJ.M
approaches to sublimity. Nothing can be more Jetty
touching than to behold a soft and tender female ypQ
who had been all weoknees and dependence, and ~*9-
alivoto every trivial roughness, while treading •'
tho prosperous path of life, suddenly rising into T
mental loros, to bo the comforter and supporter of
the husband under misfortunos, abiding with un
shrinking firmness tho bitterest blast of adversi
ty. As the vine which has long twined its grace- 1
fill foliage about tho oak, and has been lifted by it
into sunshine, will, when the hardy plant is rifted
by the thunderbolt, cling it with its oarcssing ton- j
drift, and bind up its shattered boughs; so, too, it
ft beautifully ordained by Providence that wo
man, who is the ornament and dependant of man
inhii happiest hours, should be his stay and so
lace when smitten with dire and sudden calamity,
winding herself into the rugged recesses of hm
nature, tenderly supporting his drooping head and
binding up his broken heart.
Wateb Frozen bt Boluno— The following beau
tiful experiment may easily be performed by any
one having an air pump, and oannot tail being
exceedingly interesting to those who take delight
in the sciouoeof chemistry. Take a small, thin
glass jar, fill it half full of good ether, then piaco it
within another jar half filled with water. Let this
be then under the receiver of an air pump, and as
soon se the air ft exhausted, the ether will boil, <i
and the water will freeze. The reason is that when
the presaure of the atmosphere ft removod by tho £
air pump from the surfaoe of the ether, its own la- j -
lent oalorie ocoasionß its expansion, and absorbing
calorio from the water, it becomes converted mto
gas, and the water i#viug now lost all its calorio o j
fluidity, is converted into loe, •