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Chronicle & Sentinel
Crjrr'jpiinduct oj the BnUnnort Atneritan.
THIRTY-THillll CO.\iiRKU-nnt beMiou.
IN SENATE Feb. 4.
Mr. Fish presented the proceeding!*and resolu
tions ol'n meeting oftbe citizens of New York,
held in the Broadway Tabernacle, against the adop
tion of any measure to repeal the Missouri com
promise , w hich he a-ked inigh be reed.
Mr. Douglas raid lint every Senator had, doobt-
Icss, read these resolution!!; if all memorials ware
read at length to the Senate, the whole timeof the
body would be consumed in ao doing.
The motion that the paper be read war not
'•greed to.
Mr. Sumner presented a remonstrance of three
hundred la» payer* of Claremont, N. H.. against
the repeal of the Missouri Compromise.
Mr. liredbead presented five remonatrancea from
different parts of Pennsylvania, against the repeal
of the Missouri Compromise; ail of which were laid
on the table.
The Senate then proceeded to the consideration
of the bill to establish a territorial government for
Nebraska.
Mr. Dixon said that the bill originally reported
by the Committee on Territories allowed the peo
ple of the Territories to provide tor or against
slavery, as they might think proper, in the forma
tion of thair constitutions ; hut it did not put the
people of all sections of the country on an equal
looting, as to the right of geing there with their
property. It left the Missouri prohibition still in
h.rcc and applicable to the territory and conse
i ucntly the southern people would bo excluded
until such time as the people of the territory had
lixaemhiod to adopt a State constitution.^
Under these circumstances, he had given notice
of an amendment, proposing directly the repeal of
the Mi ‘ ourl prohibition, and thus enable the
bluvoliol der» to go t® tho territories at once with thoir
property. Subsequently the Committee on Terri
tories reported a new bill, in which was incorpo
r ted, in subhtancc, the amendment of which he
had given notice. I
The bill, with that amendment incorporated I
in it, would receive hi* hearty approbation and
nuptiort.
'flit amendment had not been adopted by the
committee from any ainiater motive, as had been
supposed by the Senator from Ohio. It waa the
province of the committee, and it was their duty
when they found their bill defective, or that it did
riot elfect wliat they intended it should, to recon
sider the subject and amend their hill. Tho com
mittee hud done no more than this in the present
o.i ••:. The committee designed to frame their bill
on the principle of placing all the people of the
several States on an oqual looting as to the right of
going to this territory. The Missouri prohibition
prevented this. It tnude an nr.just discrimination
,giii not tho people of tho slave-holding Stales. It
allowed the people of tho free Statos to go their
with their property, and prohibited those of
Southern Slates from tho exercise of the same pri
vilege.
Tls proposition to remove that unjust prohibi
tion did not come from the south. It came from
men who, acting on the high principles of equal
rights and justice to all, proposed to remove lor
ever an unjust discrimination in favor of one sec
tion and against another.
The committee, as well a* the whole people of
the United States, were now satisfied thattheMis
souri prohibition was not only unjust in princi
ple, hut altogether inconsistent with the principles
of t ho great compromise acts of 1850.
lie re erred to the prohibition of slavery in that
part of Texas north of thirty-six degrees, thirty
minutes, contained in resolutions ol annexation,
and argued that it was wholly void and unconsti
tutional. ....
Jl« contended that the Constitution did recognize
property, and provide for its security. The Su
premo f ourt had decided that the title of a slave
holder in his slaves, was as legal and as complete
up it would ho in auyothor description of proper
ty. VV here had Congress the power given to it to
r. train or prohibit u man currying his property
into the territories of the United States.
lie commented at length upon the statement in
tin- uddressol the independentdeuiocratsin which
it wus said that if slavery were allowed in the ter
ritories, it would prevent their settlement by tho
people -d tho north and European emigrants, and
held that this statomout in substance declared that
a was mo. al pollution lor the people ol tho north
and foreigners to be obliged to settle down at the
side of slaveholders It the admission of slave
holders would exclude foreigners, lie would say let
it exclude them.
lie then examined the Huhjcet of slavery, deny
ing it wasun ovil or injurious to tho nation. It
was tlio vory life of tho manufacturing interests,
lie contrasted tho condition ol the slaves with that
of ho tree negroes, and hold that the former was
infinitely preferable. Tho aocial and political
freedom pososssod by tho froo ncirroes wus but a
mockery ol freedom.
Mr. Wade movod that tho bill bo postponed till
Monday next, which was ugrood to—yeas 28, naya
17.
Tho Sonato proceeded to tho consideration ofex
-0 'olive business, and shortly alter udjonrned.
IN NKNATIC Feb. fi, 1854.
Mr. Sumner presented it memorial of the New
York Geographical Society, soiling forth tho groat
inconveniunoos resulting from tho variety and
ooinploxily of the. standards of weights and mea
sures. They pray that Congiesa would lake
measures to libel iba oslublishmont of a common
international standard of weights and measures,
and also ol a common merld'an lino. Keferrod.
Mr. Dawson presented a memorial of the Baptist
conference of Georgia, that tho freedom of con
science he secured to Americans in foreign coun
tries.
Mr. I'ralt presented resolutions of the Loglsla-
Inroot Maryland, reapeetingtho guano trade. Ke
ferred. ,
Mr. Johnson reported a bill for the relief of Eliza
•* e'*h 'ts a.,1 * *hs» .h« epilated *s s nrivate
.... • .eg e’ru* ' '•shstaa., undei .ua
. • UM. *&«* L it*
AW diiWVjVPr
• ’* •> •*: ‘j M
dire/ .VfM »>«• ?an*\ tbo bill sruve
Mr .km.* naked *l*o ('hafnium of tao Aiiiiiary
whv XfHH thai Jinej whoth** thin
nohlmr was nndur hm command.
Mr. Hliiuldn Haiti ho hud 11 • t had tho liouor of
having Uio ludy in bin cornmuiitl. Hut he hud no
<l<>n I it. mlig porlormod fuithfully all tho dutioa of a
man. Hill pannod.
Mr. Shield* reported a resolution of thanks and
n sword for tho rescuers of tho Stoamor San Frun
•isco, and asked that it bo taken up.
Mr. Owin objected.
Mr. Shields irotn tho«loint (’omiuitteo on tlio
anbjeet of the wreck of tho San Friuiomco, and
im-.i arcs of acknowledgement to those engaged in
the rescue, made a report. The committee
the taels of the wreck and rescue ho fur as known,
an.l conclude a a follows *
Tho committee are deeply impressed with tho
«'cnor< us conduct of these gallant men, wlio aided
in rescuing our dlstroHsed oouutrynion from tho
wreck Francisco.
The commanders oft ho Throe Bella. Kilby, and
A» ll.l rlit dmorvo the jrintutul ocknowledgmentHof
the eonniitry lor their humanity ami intrepidity.
t'liunksund praise are especially duo to Captain
i'n diion, of the Throo Hells, who, tor six tom
pi .uii'-us days and lights, in a spirit of disintor
osunl Immunity, and at- the imminent peril ofhim
. !,' ai d crew, stood by tho sinking steamor until
icr allant commander, who romuinod the last man
4>u board, abandoned tho doomed and dcsorted
.. m I.
rapt Watkins and his otlieors and crew appear
•> grt .it .idvantage on this try ing occasion. Lieut,
r mci- Key Murray,of lho United States Navy, is
a i entitled to especial notice for his humane and
valuable or vices. Praise is aLo duo to Surgeon
Hm*l. ol the San Francisco, for lho u.4,siduty with
which ho attended to tho *lok ami dying soldiers
utter they wore separated from their own surgoons.
M.i >r W) so ami his junior oilleoru deserve great
crcvlit t >f their eifiuiont conduct in tho absence ot
their suporior otliccrs. Several others whocaiinot
mow bo designated by name owing to tho imporfeot
infortm'lio.i before the Committee, aro bellovcilalso
to be entitled to praiso, and to tho thanks of tlio
country.
'The Committee are persuaded tlml thaao humano
ami coble services wore rendered without any
hope or expectation ot poeuniury compensation,
tin they aro for that vory reason, in tho judgment
of tho Committee, entitled not only to grateful ac
knowledgment, but a.'so to some substantial reward.
They therefore ropoit a joint resolution for that
purpose.
T ;o Joint Resolution!) are as follows:
/>'. it <fc., That tlio President of tho
United States ho requested toprooui o throo valua
ble gold medals, with suitable devices, one to be
presanud to Capl. Creighton, ot the ship lhroe
Hells*, ot Ulasgow, ouo to Captain Lowe, ot the
Barque K I by, of Host, 'll, and one toOapt. Stoiiuer,
ol the ship Anlartio, a» testimonials ot thoir na
tional gratitude for their gallant conduct ill resell -
ing about live hundred Americans from tho wreck
of the steamship Sun Kranoiseo. and that the cost
ol t! " same he paidoutof the Treasury.
.V- ./, That a sum not exceeding one hun
dred thousand dollars, is hereby appropriated out
of tun money in tlio Treasury not othorwiso appro
priate'! vo enable tho President to roward in such
manner as lie may deem most appropriate, the
officers au.l erews of those vessels that aided in
the re-mo ot th survivors of said wreck,and such
.'ther persons ax .iistinguished themselves by offi
ces ol humanity and heroism on that ocoixuou, the
reward to be proportionate to tho nature ol tho of
torts made, and the merit of the services reudered,
so lar as the •• atne can ho asooruinad.
Mr. Shields a-ked thattlui resolutions bo now
pas sod.
Mr. owin objected. He was opposed to the re
solutions in eoinmittee, and would submit hereaf
ter minority resolutions.
Mr. Hamlin said that to-morrow, during the
morning hour, be would ask for a veto on the
Kreuch Spoliation Bill.
THK NEBRASKA BILL.
The Nebraska Bill was then taken up :
\lr. Wade said that he rose to address the Sen
ate with gn at diffidence on any subject. Ho had
nlwavs oteferred to perform his duties ailently,
Imt t’he’iuij'ortnnee au.l the boldness of this mea
sure required him to give expression to his objec
tions to it. Thou a young man at that time be
wed remembered th.' adoption of the Missouri
Compromise, lie reeollec.au well the opposition
and I'-istau.v by the whole .Northern people to
nny further ex'e’usion of slavery lie storm which
foils wed and that it was only quieted b, Iheassur
anceau.t cuivitiou that the question wasluea for
ever settled, and slavery, excluded from the ter-,
rib tv. Sin.v that time he know of no mail who
had keen h -id enough to question iu» duality pr to
propose its repeal. Why was it now proposed i
He also i.vo ,i etc i the Compromise of 1850 Since
d* passage he had heard from all its friends, iujecd
he iiaJ almost heard noihii g else rom both parlies
or from gineri mant papers, except that this last
compromise was a finality not to be questioned iu
r’ongr.-ss or elsewhere.
Why was it, in tnc face ot tlicse well known
f«eC>, ibi.i it was now proposed not ouly to depart
IY.« the Compromise ot 1850, but to go hack to
th. more sacred one of is. l , tt ud set i; aside ! lie
.had * a peeled to bear from the Senator from lili
hois, ttlisaha propose.i this high-i.auded{measure,
some reason for it. He had expected to hxar tlie
Senator tell tbe cotuitry wind pew light had ren
.ten d this measure necessary now. It was only
one year ago, ea the >tt ot last March, that the
hour when the Constitution brought Congress to
i « termination, fomni ibe Senator from Illinois
■Hinorii g for the passage of a Nebraska bill, in
which nothing w*. said of lies Compromise. .On
that same day, the donator Irorn Mae?ouri t> who
was SO deeply interested ill aaekiug out fikmie Cre
vice by winch tin; Missouri Compromise Oohid be
avoided, declurod in open liUiuiW; that he despair
ed of ever having it repealed, {fit h»d been
superseded that Senator would have discovered
the tact.
He could discover no reason to induce the Sena
tor to propose this measure, the result of which
would i>e to i cite tho fajojdv to madness. If there
were any cause for it the Senator had failed to
nut" it tu an. there was no reason tori!. This
conspiracy to over turn the time honored eomnro
imse which gave a guarantee to freedom was not
'I ‘ b ?v n hatelied somewhere in
tl.at time. He might refer to lormer specclies bv
lu®beuator to. *"w his coursa ou this suhiect
But it would take time. He knew tho Senau,,-,
course on thUsnbjw.! luui
stahle. lie th gtu the Senator iiadonce express
ed himsoif at Cii-cago in a ditlierent strain fruin
the other day. He would not, however, now go
further into that subject, it would indeed lie of
little value to show shat had been tbe course of
the Senator. •
But in the report which the Senator made on
tins bill lie put it on a very dittereut ground from
what it now rested ou. In t hat report the Commit
tee said they desired not to repeal or affirm the
Missouri Compromise—that it would not be either
wise or prudent to do so. This was but four weeks
ago. Since then they have changed their minds,
and havodiacovered ’the Compromise of 1650 had
already superseded the Missouri Compromise. Was
if uol strange that the l Committee had given no rca-
Mon for this ciiaugc in their opinions, and intbeir
bill < lie did not understand how a solemn aet of
Congress, intended as i. compact fur the future
could lie superseded by a principle said to exist in a
,'xxlxx ..I* ante At. .1 VS ol 1. A. MM V.« OA> k
Mr. Douglas said that ao far as the Utah ect em
braced a part of the Louisiana territory it repealed
as to that part the Missouri act. So far as the rest
of the territory was concerned, the Uatah act was
inconsistent in principle with tne Missouri act.
Mr. Wade said that the Senator therefore re
garded the change in the boundaries as repealing
the Missouri act. As if A and B had a line be
tween their farms and in order to make it straight,
part of A's farm was put into B'a farm. The
Son at ir would suppose that because B got part of
A's land by running this straight line the princi
pie oftbe line overturned and destroyed A’stitle to
his whole land. This act was an outrage—it would
have its consequences. He would not be responsi
ble for this day’s legislation. Was there nothing
sacred ' Was there no act in the history of this
government hut was liable to be overhauled for
some miserable party or other purpose
Who had had the handling of these compromises'
The’r framers were Statesmen as distinguished, he
hoped, as those who figured at the present day.
He reierred to Clay and Calhoun ana others, and
suggested to the Senator from Illinois that in the
day of those Statesmen there were giants as well s
now. He regretted to see the successor of the
greut Senator from Kentucky joining in this at
tempt to overturn the work which was the result
of his patriotism. He had read the debates on the
Compromise of 1650, and nowhere had be found
in them any suggestion that tiiey superseded the
Missouri compromise. .
He considered the Texas resolutions as athrriling
the Missouri compromise and the amendment
adopted in the acts of’SO as reserving particularly
that affirmance. He would not further dwell on
the Senator’s speech. His colleaguo had so cmi
pletely pulverized that speech that there was not
enough of it left to have an idea on. This whole
doctrine of supersedere was an after thought.
The&e territories were now free —our lather? hid
relieved them thus far, and as they thought ior
ever, from the aeon rare of human slavery. \\ ould
CongroHS send them that tcourge ' It would be
the most disastrous evil that could be visited upon
them.
In the adoption ol the Missouri Compromise,
the North was assured that the South would
honorably abide bv the terms of that settlement.
He thought that the South should now stand by
its plighted faith. The excuse that this proposi
tion came from the North and not from the South,
and thereloro the South wus absolved from its
contract, would not do, because the bill did not
represent the foehn# of the people oC the North.
The bill was treason to the North. The free la
borers of the North could not work side by sjdc
with slaves. Tho introduction of slavery would be
a blight, and northern men could not go to the
territory. lie denied that the Constitution re
cognized slavery, and said it was the creature of
the local law. Ho attributed the decline of Virginia
to the institution of slavery and said he did not
wish it extended to Nebraska. He was undyiugly
hostile to the further extension of slavery.
He concluded by denouncing the bill and pro
dieted that its passage would rend the Union to
fragments. , , ...
Mr. Jones, of Tennessee, said he would oner a
few words in reply to tho remarks of the Senator
which he characterised as insulting and abusive oi
the institutions of the Bouth. He then went on to
argue upon the constitutional right of slaveholders
to carry their property to any Territories of the
United States. He said the Senators who were
now so clamorous for the observance of tho com
promi.es, voted at the last .cion to repeal the
Fugitive Slave Law, which formed a part of the
Compromise of 1850. The Senator b threatuings,
a. to the storm which this bill would raise, wore
quite poetical, and reminded him of a very pro
fane anecdote with which he became acquainted at
tho Mammoth Cave. Every one who entered that
Cavo, came out with foeiings to some extent poeti
cal. On one occasion a man ou coming out rush
ed to the register and rccordedthc following verso
which he would repeat without any excuse for or
approval of its profanity.
“Mammoth Care ! Oh.what a spot!
In Bummer cold — in winter hot!
Great Guil Almighty ! What a wonder !
General Jackson, hell and thunder !”
[Prolonged laughter.]
He begged the Senator not to threaten. Let the
Senator argue, but ho implored him not to frighten
them. He said all the South asked for was justice.
He had always been opposed to the Missouri Com
promise, but was disposed to submit to it until a
returning sense ol duty should induco tho North
to propose its repeal.
Mr. Wade briefly replied.
The Chair said the question pending was the
motion of Mr. Chase to strike out the declaration
that the Compromise line was suspended by the
aot of 1850.
The amendment wus rejected by yeas 18; nays
31. The yeas were Messrs. Allen, Cass, Chase,
Everett, Fish, Foote, Hamlin, Howard, Smith, Stu
art, Sumner, Wade and Walker.
Mr. Douglas moved to strike out the words
•‘which was superseded by” and insert “which is
inconsistent with.”
Mr. Cass suid he could voto for tins amendment
but not. for the word declaring tho supercedurc.
Mr. Badger contended the two things were tho
sume. . .
Mr. Cass replied and Mr. Badger rejoined.
Mr. Cass said he preferred at once thuttho Mis
souri Compromise should bo repealed in so many
words. He believed it was unconstitutional and
therefore should be repeulod.
Tho debate as to the distinction between these
two phrases continued till after 3 o’clock, when
the bill was postponed and the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE.
TheSpoakor laid beforo the House copies of pa
pers from Governor Davis, ot Oregon, asking an
additional a, propriution for the payment of ex
penses inourrea intlio Kaynse war, inlliat territo
ry, priorto its oigauization. Kcferred to the Com
tnittoeon Ways and Means.
On motion oi Mr. Stephens, of Georgia, Jie
auloed, That tho President lie requested to com
municate to this House, if lie sliall deem it not in
compatible with the public interest, all official cor
respoudence botweon Humphrey Marshall, late
Coimnissiouor to China, and’ ieState Department.
; The itcu-e u<"t V” a V “ >
, Wcwumii *>» tne w’ntMgeii*. lund "t th« —,
I and disagreed to tin- Se:»iv » lanai silos in?
• tne SerWairy of theSeu ite )'• ~ 1
‘ for dv-’-nneug the itinu. m u.teiliu;' *o nm v ‘,yo<
1 Mr Wnik*r presented a i»uu. t ..
j Chamber of ."■..mmtiw of New York, iu luv u oi
providing lor tho coining of gold and silver at the
Assay Office in that city.
Mr. Chandler asked permission to make a report
freni tho joint select Committee relative to the rcs
cuo of tlio anlVorors on board the San Francisco.
The resolutions were read—the 6 toe as those
introduced in tho Senate.
Mr. Chandler moved a suspension of tlio rules.
Ho wanted early action on tlio subject.
Tlie House refused to suspend the rules—ayes 90
—nays 77, not two thirds.
Mr. Olds, from tho Committee on Post Offices,
rouorietl a bill conlaining tlio following provisions.
The Postmaster Goncrut is required to givo im
mediate notice to the New York and Liverpool
United States mail steamship Company, that the
additional compousution authorized by tlio aet ot
Congress of July 21st, 1852, for tho transportation
of the mails botweon Now York and Liverpool,
will bo discontinued from and after tho 20th Sep
tember, 1854, from which date tho additional com
pensation ix hereby discontinued.
The section annuls tlio contract, and authorizes
tlio Secretary of tho Navy to purchase such ships
employed oil said lino, as have been regularly ac
cepted as mail steamers, tlio value to bo ascertained
agreeably to law.
The third section annulled tho contract with
(ioorgo Law and others, assignees oi A. (i. Sloo,
for tho transportation of tlio United States Mails
ill tlio New York, Havana, New Orleans, and Oliag
ros lino, and tho two contracts of November, 1849,
and November, 1852, respectively with the Pacific
Mail Steamship Company,Wiliam 11. Asp'nwall,
President, for the transportation of the mails bo
tweon Astoria and Panama, via,San Francisco,
and the Secretary of the Navy ist ntliorized to pur
chase the vessels.
'l'ho Fourth Section authorises tlio Post Maator
(tenoral to udvertise in tho usna maimer lor tlie
conveyance of the Mail by any steamship or ships
miming from any port in United Slates to any for
eign country, and to make ootruots for suoh service
if In his judgment the public intetest ahull demand
it; being governed in such proceedings by the
general Taws and regulations prescribed for the
advertising and lotting of the inland mail service.
Mr. Olds also reportod a bill providing innllfu
turo letting* of contracts for tho transportation of
tho mails oil railroads, tho Pestmaster Uenerul shall
not exceed tho following rates of pay ;
For oach daily mail on tho mam linos, carrying
groat through mails, that he may doom necessary
for the public interests, *75 per mile per annum.
For ouch daily mail ou lines carrying mails prin
cipally for tho State iu which the road is located,
and the adjoining States, SSO a mile pvr annum;
g!)d for each daily mail on roads unfinished between
the extreme periods named in their charters, and
on roads me* oly local, SBO a mile per annum. No
Bail road company to receive any pay tor service
rendered tho PostiOffiee Department until their
contract shub bo executed.
Mr. McDouga! from tlio Post Offico Committee
reportod a bill providing fora semi-monthly mail
between Ban Francisco and some port in China.
llr. JJissell, from the Military Committee, repor
ted back the Senate bill to reimburse the Com
mon Council of New York for expenditures made
for the first regiment of volunteers. Also, tlio bill
to increase tlio present military establishment,
providing there shall be raised and organized one
regiment of dragoons and two regiments of infant
ry. Also a bill toregulate the pay and increase
the efficiency of the army. It coutains a section
that the President may, by the advice and consent
of tbe Senate, confer the brevet ot second lieuten
ant upon sueli meritorious non-commissioned offi
cers as may, uuder regulations t<f be established,
be brought beforo ah army board and be found
qualified.
Tlio bill further provides that tho annual distri
bution of arms to the several States and Territories
to be herealter made aeeordiug to their represen
tation in Congress, and the annual sum of $20,000
appropriated tor the purpose of providing tlie
militia with books for tactical instruction, said
book* to be distributed in the same manner as the
arms.
The above bills were referred lo tbe Committee
of the Whole on the state of the Union.
Mr. Benton, from Military Committee reported a
bill granting the right of way to the St. I.ouis &
Iron Mountain Railroad through the Jefferson
Barracks ground. Raised.
Mr. Faulkner, from the Committee on Military
Affairs, reported a biit containing the following
provisions.
First—No officer of the army or navy, or parson
employed as ageut by a disbursing officer, snail be
a party to, or directly or indirectly, have an inter
eel in'any contract for articles furnished, or work
executed, in any branch to which snch officer be
longs; and any odieeroffendiDgagaiust the protis
ta;;* of his act shall, on conviction thereof, before
a court martial, be cashiered. See, tl.] —No officer
or agent shall receive pay for any articles 01 work
furnished contrary to this act. Any contract made
iu violation of it sh-II be null and void, and the
articles or w-rk forfeited to the Curled States.
Mr. faulkuer said the attention of the country
was tailed to UjissuWect by a transaction ill Cali
fornia, early iu JSos, whore "the officer* ot the army
engaged in purchasing supplies lor the army, re
alizing profile by the operations in one ease
a Lieutenant Colonel Hooper made a Urge purchase
ot'bay,on which he realized a profit of twelve dol
lars per ton. The question was brought before a
court martial—the facts were distinctly established
by proof, and yet he was fully acquitted on the
ground that ther,. was no law prohibiting such
conduct. Referred to the Committee ofthe Whole
on the state of ihe Union.
The Speaker laid before the House a communi
cation from Jhg Secretary of War, enclosing infor
mation relative to the aqrveys for a railroad to the
Pacific Coast. The reports are so partial and incom
plete as not to show the relative merits of the
route*, aiv; he says he would not transmit those
reports ware it sot that the resolution passer) lusr
session renders it imperative to do so on his part.
As Jar heard from with one exception the sur
vevs have bee*; successfully conducted. This ex
ception was in consequent, of the massacre ot
Captain Gunuison and thirteen of his party.
The communication was referred to" the select
Committee ou the subject of a railroad to the I’aei
fto.
A number of Senate bills were reterrod. A res
olution of that body authorizing the superintend
ent of printing to pmploy two additional clerks
was passed. Adjourned.
IK SENATE Ksfc *•
Mr. Walker presented petitions praying that
I’eunsylvania Avenue be paved with Russ pave -
tnent.
Mr. Bright presented numerous petitions ;u favor
of a railroad along live said 4venae.
Mr. Jones, of love, moved to take up a bill grant
ing alternate sections of pubiin land for twelve
uules wide lo Minnesota, to aid that Territory ia
Ui 2,^ n .?f, ul ' UuU 01 railroad.- therein. Agreed to.
Thu Bill was explained. The road is three hun
dred "3.-is long, and the quantity of laud granted
one mil ton ol auras. The tall passed.
Tbe bill regulating the contingent fond of the
Senate was returned fro n tbe House, 'fro ques
lion pending was on receding frooi that part of the
bill giving the Secretary of the Senate addi
tional salary.
The Senate did rooede, and the bill was now
passed.
The Bill granting land to Louisiana, to aid in
the construction of a Baiiroad from Algiers, oppo
site New Orleans to the Sabine Kiver, was taken
op, debated tiil 1 o’clock, and then postponed.
The Nebraska BUI was taken up. Mr. Douglas
moved to amend the fourteenth section of the Bill
by striking out these words in reference to the bth
section of the Missouri Act—“which was superse
ded by the principles of the legislation of 1-50,
commonly called the Compromise measures, and
is hereby declared inoperative,"’ and to insert m
lieu thereof the following—“which being inconsis
tent with the principle of non-intervention ny
Congress with slavery in the States and Territories
as re-cognized by the legislation of 16aO. common _
called the Compromise measures, is hereby de
clared inoperative and void, it being the true u
tent and meaning of thisact, not to bgisUte Slav -
ry into anv Territory or State, nor to etMOden
therefrom, but to Icavcthe people thereof perteejy
free to form and regulate their domestic instilu
lions iu their own way, subject only to the < o
stitution of the United States.” _
Mr. Everett said that before any vote wa» taken
lie desired an opportunity of expressing his views
on the bill, and to explain the grounds on which
he lias not been able to give his support either in
Committee, or in tile Senate, to the bill as reported,
or an it would read if amended as now proposed.
He had no purpose to enter into any elaborate dis
caasion oftbe Territorial question. That was a
great subject, and to discuss it properly would re
quire more time in preparation and examination
than bis other duties had afforded him, since this
bill was reported. His position as a member of
tho Committee, induced him to give the reasons
whv he could not vote for the ail!. He had not
been able to undeiatend what the elfect of the
amendment now proposed, would lie, nor the
bearing it would have on the bill, and he would
be glad, in order to get a little time to the exami
nation, if the bill would be postponed till to-mor
row.
Mr. Douglas said ho had no disposition to hurry
this Bill through without debate, and wanted full
opportunity to be atforded for discussion and ex
amination." Tie statement which had appeared in
the papers that he intended to force the bill through
on last Saturday was untrue. It did not follow
that, because the Senator from Massachusetts was
not prepared to go on, those others whose avoca
tion it was to be always ready to discuss these
questions were not ready. It had been averred in
the papers opposed to this Bill that tho policy of
the enemies of this Bill was to postpone it day after
day. As this policy has been openly avowed it
became the friends of the bill to resist it. He
would bo glad to havo it understood that a voto
would be taken on Satnrday next.
Mr. Houston said he had desired to express his
views on the subject beforo any vote was taken.—
He was, however, as well prepared to vote now as
he would be at any time. As it appeared there was
large majority in favor of the Bill, he tho light its
friends might extend all liberality of discussion to
the minority, lie had no design of opposing the
Bill by delayer postponement.
Mr. Gwin t*ug#oHte<i that the friends of the Hill
should go and perfect it by amendments, and then
have debate on it.
Mr. Everett said he desired to examine this
amendment.
Mr. Busk moved the postponement of the bill,
Air. Sebastian suggested that the Committee
on Indian Affairs had several amendments to
offer.
Air. Douglas withdrew, temporarily, his amend
ment.
Mr. Sebastian offered several from the Indian
Committee relative to tho administration of In
dian Affiirsiu tho Territory. All of which were
adopted.
Mr. Douglas moved to strike out all the appro
priations contained in the bill. Agreed to ; and
the bill was then postponed.
The bill grunting laud to Michigan to aid in the
construction of Bail roads, was taken up, and de
bated until after lour o’clock, when the Senate ad
journed.
HOUSE.
The House, immediately after tho reading of
the journal, went, into Committee of the Whole ou
tho Deficiency Appropriation Bill.
Mr. Clarke offered an amendment appro; iating
SIO,OOO for the collection of Agricultural St ’sties
and the procuring of seeds.
This amendment caused u debate of some two
hours duration, affording an opportunity not to bo
lost by members from agricultural districts of talk
ing to' buneomb. It was finally concluded as fol
lows:
Mr. Pratt—This seems to he a fruitful thomo of
debate, and affords political capital to those who
talk for buneomb. All are friendly to agricul
ture while prolossing to be economists. It is
said time is money. Would it not then be as well,
to voto the money at once and save that amount in
time.
[Voices.]—Yesi yes ! Question—Question.
Clarke’s amendment was then adopted.
An amendment was also adoptod, authorizing
tho purchase of the buildings and grounds adjoin
ing tho New York Assay office at any time within
five years for $580,000. It was strongly opposed
by Jilr. Florence, of Philadelphia.
Other amendments were acted on, and without
concluding thocousideration of tho bill the Com
mittee rose.
Mr. Florence moved the reeousidoration of the
vote by which both Houses struck from the inva
lid pension bill the appropriation of two thousand
eight hundred dollars for pensions of invalids who
were wounded on board of private armed vessels
during the last war with Great Britain.
Pending the motion the House adjourned.
IN SENATE Feb. 8.
Tlio Chuir laid before the Senate a communica
tion from the Wur Department, transmitting an
abstract from tlie returns of tho militia of tho Uni
ted States.
Mr.Brodhead presented a memorial of the re
ligious Society of Friends, of Pennsylvania, New
Jersey and Delowure, against tlie continuance of
domestic slavery, and remonstrating against tho
repeal of the Missouri Compromise. He said that
these memorialists were not political abolitionists,
.... a —'■ l -.'■ .1 ■ 0'.,....1 i 0,.... oo • -y
' . . ... • ’ c anhjeet bo roson-v.. .or
j motives
• nted «'oo. six other tie'.!! 'oils against Lite
, q.f .! j'the M. -oi.ril ooipro.r ■■
Mr. f’rah pre vmtod remonstrance against ’die
•i«li"•■■tlon of any railroad on Pemisyfvanin avo
! nue
Mr. Hamlin proaonted memorials in favor of re
ducing tho duly ou all imported iron to iitvceu
dollars per ton.
Also, that the duty on charcoal iron bo reduced
to twelve dollars per ton.
Mr. Houston moved that the ladies be admitted
to seats in the Senate lobby. He said that in con
sideration of all tlie circumstances, and tho great
desiro to hear the Senator who hud tlio floor, many
had not been ablo to get into the gullorios. There
were sovcral hundred ot tho door now. He hoped
the iiborulity, if not tlie gallantry of the Senators
would adopt the motion.
Mr. W’clior said that tho presence of ladies dis
turbed very much tho quiet of tho debate, render
ing it impossible to hear what was going on on the
ether side of the cmfnilior. If admitted, he would
stipulate that they should keep quiet.
Mr. X’etitt—l desiro to enter my objection to it
in the most positive form. I saw tlio other day old
men and venerable Judges of tlio Supreme Court
standing, while all the scats wero occupied by
women. Tbe motion, therefore, was not agreed
to.
| In tbe meantime, the women flocked into the
reporters' gallery, and did not hesitate to ask for
the seat of those occupied in reporting.]
Tlio Michigan railroad bill was then taken up.
Tlie Michigan railroad bill was passed, by yeas
82, nays 14.
Tlio Bill granting land to Lonisiauato aid in the
constructing of a railroad from New Orleans to lho
Sabine liiver, was taken up and passed.
Tlio French spoliation Dill was taken np, yeas
19, nays 17. Bead through.
Mr. Dodge, of lowa, moved an additional section
for the appointment of a U.S. Attorney to attend
the board of commissioners. Adopted. Tho Bill
was then postponed.
THE NEBRASKA BILL.
The Nebraska Bill was then taken up.
Mr. Everett said that if time had permitted lie
would have boen glad to have expressed his views
at length upon the constitutional and historical
question involved in tlie subjects ot tho territories.
But as he had said yesterday, tlie time which had
elapsed, since tlie bill had been reported, did not
allow an opportunity for tho necessary examina
tion of those points. Tho relations of this Go
vernment with tho Indian:*, was one of tlie ques
tions deei»lv involved in this subject, and who
could nay that, as respected them, this bill had
been properly matured I Equally connected with
tho subject wua tlie question of slavery. It would
take a man over a fortnight to read tbe debutes of
tins lasi point, in order to uudeistand the true
bearing of the question.
In speaking upon this bill he would do so for
himself, and for no one elso. Ho would speak as
one who had been, and was now an earnest and
cordial supporter of tho Compromise ot 1850. He
desired to give the reasons why he could not vote
for this bill.
A great question was presented by this* bill.—
Thoy were about to lav by it the fonudationsof two
independent States—Stales hereafter to be admit
ted into this Union, now numboring thirty-one
independent States, and defined to include a far
greater number. Lord Bacon ascribed a second
glory to the founders of new States. These terri
tories were now, apparently, u wilderness. Tho
time would conic, when these now wild regions,
and scarcely existing territories, peopled by sava
gos, wouldbo settled and occupied bv a civilized
race.
Tho time was not distant wheu Kansas and Ne
braska, now unknown, will becoriie as States, as
familiar to the people, as the names of Virginia,
Ohio aud Kentucky, are to tlieir own children.—
Nebraska and Kanzas oceupiod that position with
respect to the future of this country, that Persia
and Media once did to Asia. Their waters, which
at their fountains trickled through ice, rolled on
and outward till they reached the Highway of the
world. Breaking through tho rocks and moun
tains bv means of ti e iron road, through them
would flow the commerce of the East, to the waters
of the Pacific. Cities of vast magnitude would
arise on the banks of their noble rivers. Agricul
ture would reclaim the immense plains now roam
ed by the savage and the buffalo, and might it
not be hoped that under the asgis of the constitu
tion of a free government, religion aud all the arts
of civilized life, would bo found there adding grace
and beauty to the gifts of nature, and tho bounties
of Providence.
During his former congressional career he hod
always been a friend ot the West. He had never
voted against an appropriation for, or auy other
njegsure, to promote tho interests of the West, and
he regretted pow that he omld not give his sup
port to the bill of the committee, proposing to es
tablish two territorial government. Ho would
have rejoiced to have been able to give the bill his
support. The hasty examination which he had
[ given to the subject while before tlic committee
; bad disclosed to his mind objections to the bill
and eub.-c- uent reflection had tended to confirm
them.
He entertained some scruples, he could hardly
sav objections, as to the expediency of giving ter
ritorial governments of the iirst order to these ter
ritories at this time. Ti e latest cnqu'ry as to the
number of inhabitants there at this time, showed
that at the highest estimate there were not over six
hundred white inhabitants scattered through the
whole region, where it ' now proposed to establish
two governments. The delegate representing .that
region received bnt seventy votes, and he had had
two competitors, and as no received more votes
than either, the w hole number of votes could not
exceed two hundred.
In this territory the bill proposed to erect two
territorial governments, with governor, secretary,
legislatures, courts, Arc., in each. This complete
organization of governments he thought uncalled
lor at this time. The early practice ot the govern
ment was to have territorial governments cf a
simple form—a governor and judges appointed by
lie p»codent, with authority to make such laws
as were props,, subject to the approbation ol Con
gress. Such a government, he thought, would be
sufficient for the nascent condition , I the couutry.
A condition might be provided ttuii when the
imputation reached 5000 theothcr form ot govern
ment could lie e-fkabiishtd.
lie admitted that emigration was expected to
flow rapidly into the ciuntry, but still bethought
it premature to give this touting and unsettled
population a government of the first order. All
this, however, was but a question of time. It was
known that by the unparalelied emigration from
Europe, amounting to 400,000 annually, mostly
adults,and the national emigration from the old
States westward, this difficulty would soon be
overcome. The wilderness of to-Jay would become
the settlement ot to-morrow. Knowing kto be a
question of time he did not know lhat that alone
would prevent his voting for the bill.
Tne relations of this government towards the
Indians was a question of greater difficulty. A
great belt ot this territory was esci lsivety occupied
bv Indians, many of whom had been removed
thither lYcoi their former possessions and some of
whom liad be u placed there by a second removal.
It was well known to nave been the policy of Gen.
JaetiOD's administration to remove the Indians
west ot the Mississippi. A cardinal paint of that
policy waa lhat they should there have a perma
nent home. In negotiating with the Indians for
their removal, it was represented to them that
there they should have a home forever ao long as the
tribe existed. Uo was at that tune in the House
and resisted that polioy, but his resistance was an
successful. It was carried out, and in his farewell
address Jackson congratulated the country upon
it* sacecsafnl accomj: lishment.
The penuauency of this home was therefore a
stipulation with the Imhans. He knew, however,
that since then great changes had taken place and
eveute happened on the Pacific which could not
have been foreseen. A new Estate had been created
beyond this Indian country. Communication with
it was not i ecesaary, and he had no expectation
that under the circumstances this Indian barrier
could be preserved intact. If, bowcTer it was to
lie broken u"dcr the objectionable plea of necessi
ty lie hoped the government of the United States
would treat the Indians with more than justice
more than equity, llow conl.l he say whether this
bill did this or not. He wanted information on
these pouts and he hoped some Senator familiar
with the facta would furnish the information be
fore the debate was closed. Unless the difficulties
* ere amoved, he would be
compelled' to withhold his support from any terri
torial bill for Nebraska or Kuiiza- J
hchad h al? P or to f theot ‘ ler Previsions of the bill,
he had also objections, but he thought he might
have supported the bill which passed the House
lh ° right9ot Indians were pres
, Bt ? od > excepted from the laws to
be in force m these territories the eighth section of
the Missouri act, which was said to have been su
perseded by the Compromise acts of 1850, and is
therefore declared inoperative. The amendment
now proposed by the Senator from Illinois is to
change those words, and insert “that the Missouri
act being inconsistent with the legislation of 1350,
is declared inoperative and void.” He said this
was no change in the phraseology; the effect and
meaning of both was the same/ The reason for
this proposition was stated in the committee’s re
port, wnereia it was said that tho act of 1850 was
not confined merely to Mexican territory, but was
designed to establish certain principles for all time
to come ; to withdraw the slavery agitation from
Congress, aud giving to the people of the territo
ries full powor over the subject.
The language of both bill and amendments was
indirect. What is the condition of an enactment
declared by an act of Congress to bo inoperative
aud void '! It does not remain in forco. It is void
and inoperative. If void and iuoperativc and not
in forco, it is repealed. If it be repealed why not
say so ? It would be far more direct and parlia
mentary to say in so many words that the Mis
souri aet be and is hereby repealed.
Tiie substance of the provision was more objec
tionable than its phraseology. He did not quito
understand these words “ inconsistent with tho
principles of legislation of 1850.” He took it for
granted that the legislation of 1850 meant, was the
New Mexico and Utah acts. These ac*s he did not
think established any principle applicable to any
other territory. These bills wore measures enact
ed for territories therein named, described, and
the boundaries of which wero specifically laid
down, and did not enact any principle for the go
vernment of any other territory in any part of the
country. Those acts in all particulars were con
fined in their application to the territories they
were enacted for.
Mr. Everett stated that he did not find in those
measures the enactment of non-intervention by
Congress with slavery in those territories, either
as a principle or measure. On the contrary, they
oxpressly reserve to Congress, tho right to disap
prove of any act of legislation by tho territories.
How could Senators find in these specific measures,
passed in specific cases, and referring to specific
territory in them described aud marked out, the
enactment of a principle which was to act retro
spectively, upon all territories then acquired or
hereafter acquired.
In thejact relating to Missouri, Congress express
ly required of the State, as to the condition of her
admission, that ail the public land sold in the
Stute should not be taxed for five years after Its
sale. States subsequently wore admitted without
any condition. Thus would it bo said that because
Arkansas could tux the public lands sold in tlat
Statu from the day of its salo, that the principle
of this aet in any way applied to the compact with
Missouri, or could bo lorturod ; nto such applica
tion.
Tho ordinance of 1737 prohibited slavery in the
North West Territory. Shortly after Congress ac
cepted a cession of territory from North Carolina
with an express stipulation that slavery should not
be prohibited therein. Did any one suppose that
the acceptance of tiiat territory with such a stipu
lation, by any means established a principle appli
cable to the North West Territory, where slavery
was prohibited ! if so tiio ordinance of 1787,
being inconsistent witli the act of cession from
North Carolina, it could, with equal propriety bo
said it was intended to be superseded or repealed.
He understood the report of the committee itself
us stating that the acts of ISSO produced no sncii
result. The committee state that in the case of the
Mexican territories it was asserted on the one
hand that tho Mexican law repealing slavery was
in forco, and on the other hand that tho law was
suspended by tho Constitution and laws of tiie
United States ; and that in this case it wus asserted
on the one hand that tho Missouri prohibition was
in forco in Nebraska, and by others that that pro
hibition was void and not in force; and that as
Congress in 1850 did not undertake to decide the
difficulty then, so Congress would not do so
now, it Congress in 1850 did not decide the
question whether slavery was or was not excluded
by Mexican laws, Congress leit that question as it
found it, aud if it left it, it tliorefoic established no
principle.
He was called upon shortly after the adoption of
tho Compromise Measures of 1850, in tiie perform
ance of a literary task, to draw up a narrative of
the events attending them. lie was not in Con
gress at tho time, nor hud ho heard the dthates
which almost necessarily form a part of the treas
ures, but ho had conversed with some of theac
live puitieipants in their formation aud adoption.
He bud read the debates and throughout the whols
time he hud never heard tho least intimation or
received tiie slightest impression from any source,
verbal or written, that those acts had any effect be
yond tho specific territories of Utah and New
Mexico. It.' conM riot. but. think that if there had
sen any other et!“ v inionuuu or eupj*»eou ...
luccon.pusi.ea by tL’n -c eels the fact would h 'vi
be eo notorious.
The- s mils ga . .»} s roniidiries of Utah and
! New iicxleo, and deoiareii the. w.tlftu t it--
boundaries a certain state of things should
j rotrospi I iud prospectively, in 'V
I territories of the Unit d States. T
! not cany the condift of :M» question
mils of those territories, to any other territories
where nothing stood in the way, and how could
they carry it to Nebraska, whore a different state
of tilings wore expressly provided by tho Mis
souri act. If it should be said it was unnecessary
to state in 1850 thut the principle of these acts ex
tended to ull other territories, the Missouri act
notwithstanding, ho could hardly see the necessi
ty of declaring it now. If thoro was any necessity
for it now thore was more necessity for such a de
claration in 1850.
So fur as ho had boon able to road tiie debates
lio had not found one word said in cither House
that those acts in any way, in principle, by analogy
or otherwise wero intended or supposed to operate
on any other territory than that acquired by Mex
ico and involved in those bills for Utah and New
Mexico. Hut he had found much the other way.
Tho compromise of 1850 consisted in not voting
for tho Wilinot proviso. That proviso was voted
down, and uftor it had been so votod down, tiie
Senator from Louisiana, now in tho foreign ser
vice of tiie United States, offered tiie amendment
providing that the territories should be lulmitted,
with or without slavery, as they at the time should
deem proper. Tho Senator who offered it, said
that lie did eo to feel tho pulse of tho Senate, and
it was adopted.
Mr. Webster, who had voted against tiie Wil
mot Proviso, spoke in favor of and vo ed for tho
Soule amendment, and in so doing said, “be it re-
mcmbcrcd that I speak of Utah and New Moxico
alone.” In the great speech of Mr. Webster on
the 7th of March, ho said that at that moment
there was not ono foot of territory belonging to
tho United States whoso character, as related to
frecsoil or slavery, is not clearly defined by some
irrepcalable law.' Afterwards Mr. Webster told
him that his recent speech on Mr. Foote’s resolu
tion was the ono in which ho thought he had best
succeeded, but that his speoch of tho 7th of March
was the one which would bo most regarded by tho
country alter his death. To that spooch be had
given his whole mind. He etvlod it a speech of de
fence of tho Constitution, and dedicated it to tho
pcoplo of Massachusetts, affixing to it that most
beautiful expression from Livy—“true things in
stead of pleasant things”—“ vera pro grails."
In the speech of the 7th of March, Mr. Webster
had gone to the very verge of tho Northern senti
ment, beyond which even he would not have ven
tured. When, therefore, Mr. Webster said that
there was not one foot of territory belonging to
the United States whose character, as related to
slavery and froesoil, was not defined by an irre
pealable law, ho certainly understood that the
Missouri actoxlended to this territory ai-d was ir
repealable.
Mr. Kverett then referred to Mr. Douglas’ point,
that the part of Texas north of 86, 30, was made
freo by the annexation resolutions, and was cut
off and put into New Mexico, and relieved from
the operations of that line, as was also that part
of the Louisiana territory included in Utah, and
argued tfiat these facts did not obviate the objec
tion that the Missouri line was affirmed by the
Texas resolutions, which resolutions were affirm
ed by the acts et 1850. The Nebraska bill had
been before Congress for years, both before and
since tho acts of 1850. During the debate on the
Compromise in 1850, it occupied tho mind of the
Senator from Illinois, as it had before and since.
If it was conceded then that tho principle adoptod
in themo act* was to be a perpetual law of territorial
organization, wliy was not Nebraska then pressed
and passed with the same provision I No attempt
was made then, or at anytime since, till now, to
pass a bill for Nebraska with any such proviso as
this in it. *
In the last Congress a bill passed tho House, by
a large majority for Nebraska. Thero was no op
position to it of moment, except with regard to its
provisions relating to the Indians. Not one word
was said ill opposition to it on the ground of slave
ry, and yet there was no provision in it of tb’s
character. It was reported in the Senate by a Sen
ator from Illinois, who advocated it in the shape
it came from tho House. These facts showed that
not until now was is thought that the acts of 1350
extended beyond the territories of Utah and New
Mexico.
He admired and respected, and would stand by
tbo Compromise of 1850. He did so ont of respect
to the memory of the great minds who framed it—
minds, which in their day were the lights of the
country. He would not undo the work even if be
could. He%ould stai dby it also, because he be-
Icived then and now that thero was tl danger
to the Union of the States, and that t'at danger
was aver ed by those acts. Out of respect to their
authors and the gooo effect they had produced, he
would adhere to the acts of 1850. Though they
were not perfect, and we'e displeasing to both
sections, still, a» the time they were enacted, they
were the wisest anil me t effective that oouid be
i adopted.
lie took up tbo vote on the bill in 1848, where
Mr. Douglas said his amendment to exte-nd the
Missouri Compromise to the Pacific, was defeated
hy Northern votes with free soil proclivities, and
lenicl that those who voted againstit could thrs
be tairly styled. The Northern sentiment was
against it. Weosto' and Atherton, who had no
free soil proclivities, voted against it. The North
as a body, vo i against it in the House. He de
nied that nDh-intervcntion with slavery in the
j terri ories was any principle established by Con
gress. Jn e-ery territorial bill Congress reserved
the right to disapprove any act of territorial legis
lation, an ! the records would show that in numer
ous instances Congress had disapproved of territo
rial legislation.
He regretted that any proposition for the repeal
of the MDsouri Compromise had been made, more
especially when there wrs no expectation that any
benefit would result from it. It was admitted tuat
the climate would not suit slavery. That slave
holders would not desert their cotton fields and
sugar plantations to carry tl 3ir s ves into the
vigorous climate of Nebraska. Tt.e longer con
tinuance ofthe prohibition coniff not be degra
ding. It must be slave or free territory, it conlff
not bo both.
He rets! a letter from Mr. Pinkney,of South Car
olina, written late on the night of the passage of
the Missouri act, in which he said that the South
had stcured by the bargain Missouri, Florida and
Arkansas, aud perhaps another State. The terri
-1 tory north of 36 30 was occupied by Indians. It
would not be settled for years, and was so unsuit
ed to slave labor that it was considered a Southern
triumph. Un the subject of slavery he ;Mr. Ever- I
ett had not a word to “ay. His career was fast
drawing to a close. It would end r* it had begun,
without the use of reproach to any, but always
with words of conciliation and harmony to all. He
gave to others what he claimed for himself, credit
for purity and honesty cf motive. He had never,
aud would not now, ,*e toward* others words cal
culated to kindle unkind feeling
He apostrophised the Union moat eloquently.
He said that *o far as his opinion of slavery was
concerned ho shared in the sentiments of the-peo
ple of the State where he was born—where he des
ire-1 that bis ashes should rest, and where his chil
dren would succeed him. He believed it auavil,
but he respeoted he opinion* of those who thought
otherwise. He would not war en them. They
are as good men, as good Christians and patriots,
a* we aro— and we are as good Christians and pa
triots as they are.
He rejoiced to hew the Senator from Kentucky I
fay thi >.he Providence o’' ; would find out iu
its ow; i.ia* thoj-epe: cm; el by which to re
move tia evb be- the v rl. of three centuries
could i,*be or done in » dav Time will perform
it. lie believe' 1 , „ fatef"A ri« was intimately
combie ireff wrti- ed ip i the fate of her chil
dren, a< . . •- of the globe. They
would rmjr,! to - >n i-- so many ministers of
Christian , ato c i. ~iti m. aud in its own good
tinman c •emdsfct P- v : e: ee will work out its
wise porj-sea—ft r ■ li evil still enduring
good.
Mr. Simti of yy n i then got tho floor,
and the furt her ec i> . of the bill was post
poned.
Tho Senate tv i opt mto Executive session, and
soon Aar uV>-
HOI BE.
Mr Cot its t* ih* H iso to allow him to
present a r ,cc, >- J by the officers of a
public meet; i rt ti e Tabernacle, in New
York, agi :; t ,v Bill. They had se
lected hm- r- a'- -re a here.
As it i w ; wn t ...t >is political sentiments
differ very ;L o>r those who attended that
meeting.": e pr.;. rtt. m by him in open
liooac r w leeu l or-et down to motives
different . n those .vl.jc' rtaate him, therefore
he had ha..so permission to present the r ao.i
stranoe. i. Jhi it teke the i ’per course.
Mi. M -jlcsaid <y :t ;» 1.
Mr. Crnr ai 1, i ul ng made the effort 1
will wit'. „ r> . .. • l prescut the remon
strance v mr tier ;ii
M'. fi' < ,rs e l th. lope that the objection
would b. - raw a- i c jad received a similar
remonst » morning.
IbeH v .a wen in i committee on defi
ciei ej . - Jca?
_l-r.no r: fared ar imcndment appropria
tin) near' t for the amission appointed to
sen e mi regari. :»1 io national armories.
t :n iv debate the amendment was
adc ed.
t c. r- pints . general iuterest were
»d' est fa *e rose and the House
ad; rm i
1 s . Feb. 9.
tr. p* rtain postal aud com
m- - -uca. abler. i ..ving some bearing up
on . ti• r t e establishment of a lino
of- j.- t . Brooklyn and various
pti' t i. Jin ; ; Europe. Referred.
, i' ' ' i .• a v presented and re-
M .. to vo p the bill granting land
tot) foi j e indigent insane (Miss
Dx If any d «te aroso, he would inovo
to 5 -me. -! ■. - ia". Hut if no debate aroso
h a vote. Motion agreed
to Th-- ‘ill; wasr:»d.
r -I'- ” moved an sudment, confining the
g - - ••- rs ;.. ; ui"le b. Ito those States wherein
■ and* new Biil then postponed to
M>• v week.
Frencl: Spoils Bill was then taken up,
fi ’tilers m*’verba udmonta wero made, it
w o I red • V; sod.
m. 1-1 IILATIOS BILL,
i. ■ .’O, of lowa, mid ho desired to cal! the
the country to the fact that here was a
biil about to pass appropriating only |5,000,000. —
It would have passed without being read were it
not that be had asked for its reading to see if an
omission bad not been raado in it. It was about
to pass wil hout any degree of opposition. It was
a bill which at the time of the renewing of the
debts it wus to pay could not got a committee of
cither House of Congress to report it. Hut when
the original claimants were gone, and tho ma’tor
fell into the hands of the stock jobbers and specu
lators who swarmed tiie lobbies, i was passed
without opposition. Hut when the Homestead
Hit’, which would benefit tiie hard-workingman
of tiie country, on a bill granting laud to aid the
States, without any loss to the Government, came
up, thev wero mot by opposition in every shapo.
Mr. Hamlin said that at every Congress since
the time these claims were first presented, a bill
bad been reported in one Houso or the other.
Mr. i'ratt said the difference between this bill
and the Homestead was, that this was to pay debts
due to ourowu citizens, whilst the other was apre
mium offered to foreign emigration. The claim
ants in Ms State, were, to his knowledge,the most
honorable persons, and not stock-jobbers. When
ever it was possible to get u vote in either Ilouso,
the bill always passed.
Mr. Dodge said thut boforo God and man bo did
not believe the claims had any foundation injus
tice whatever. No bill had passed Congress from
1800 until 1840, when it was vetoed. One plan
adopted to get through this bill was to send agents
to State Legislatures, and by giving sumptuous
dinners aud champaguo suppers, to get instructions
from those Legislatures to Senators to vote for tiie
bill. There were Souator* now present who were
under instructions to vote for this bilk when they
did not believo in its justice.
Mr. l'etitt explained these claims and said tiiat
ho considered it a solemn debt of honor on the
part of the Government t* pay them. Ho would
sooner resign his seat than repudiate tho debt.
The bill was then postponed.
THE NEBKASKA BILL.
The Nebraska Bill was thon taken up.
Tiuman Smith, of Connecticut said ho seldom
took part in debate. He proforred to discharge
his duties with as little speaking as possible, lio
departed from his course in tho present instance
omy because of-tlie magnitude of tiie evils which
would result to tho country from the passage of
tliis bill. He had been in Congress fifteen years,
and during that time no man had taken a loss part
than be in tho agitation of sectional questions
whicli were introduced into Congress, and dis
turbed the national counsels, and tho peace aud
harmony of the Ropublic. Ho had never been a
northern man with southern principles, and ho
never had anv confidence in any man who was.
Unfortunately there had been thurst into this
bill a slavery-provision, and tie thought it ought to
1 be excluded by a unanimous vole of the Senate.—
Hut he would endeavor to show the Senate that
I there were obiections to this bill independent of
. / f’.sai. 1. ; v, wliieli osglti ,e
j ’*•" ’ !! He v-ould endeavor to ..liow
II e riai V.. l a. ifti: in ..itl! was put down tho slave
j ry qu*.:i" t, s.’- iidl i 'lettled. |
f-b" . ■: r - >"• ■ ofits -iuw actually or*au
. o; tor from Illinois proposes to add
V mfi**. 'V..(sro was th« necessity for this*--
fuere ftHiiii re other reason exoept the negro
....ft Tb.'i-o were t >w more lands
belonging to g' einmoul man wouiu be occupied
lor inaby years. Nearly ono half of all tho new
States veru yet public lauds, and a largo portion
of whH was sold was in the hands of speculators.
Minnesota had yet but few inhabitants, yet sbo
had an extent of territory large enough for several
States. So witli Washington and Oregon. As to
Utah snd New Mexico, he would say nothing, for
lie die not believe that any man, nor oven a sen
sible, respectable wolf go either to settle thero.
[Luugiter.]
Utah was ono of tboso free bleeding wounds
which were to he healed by the Compromise of
1850. It waa healod and it resulted in tho estab
lishment of a complete abomination thcroof, by
Brigham Young ard his forty wives. [Lnughtor.]
There was but little difference between that amt
slavery—between polygamy and African slavery
liosuwbut little difference, if any. |Laughter.]
if this wero only a part of tho policy of tho ad
ministration which had taken abolitionists anil
freosoilirs to its bosom to try their faith bo did
not know but lio would bo inclined to forward it
—but before doing so lie would take time to con
sider.
He desired to say that their attempt to smash
tho Minsotiri Compromise boforo it succeeded,
would have to smash up a good many other tilings.
It was said that these territorial governments were
necessary in order loseeuroa transit for men and
things tcross to the I‘noific. Military posts would
accomplish all this. Hut tho only means of secur
ing a transit was tho construction of tho Pacific
Railroad for which ho had struggled at tho last
session. He did not care whether the road wci
North or South, and would go for it as low down
as Texas, if tho South would give up the territory.
Nearly $1,000,000 had been appropriated for the
territories during tho last four years, though only
ono was in existence for four years, two for threo
years, one for two years, and ono for six months.
The annual expense of each territory was SOO,OOO
and now the Senator from Illinois proposes two
more.
He objected to tho whole bill on tho ground of
unnecessary expenses. Yesterday all the appro
priations were stricken from the bill, which looked
as though the gag law was to bo applied in tho
other House. If the bill passed a vast additional ex
pense would be incurred for postal facilities aud an
increase in the army to suppress Indian hostilities.
Ho contended there were no legul inhabitants in
theso territories except those who had license to
trade with the Indians. When ho studied law lie
always understood that an inhabitant in a legal
sense was one who had a permanent settlement.
Yet this bill, to which nothing seem to interpose
tho slightest difficulty, discovers inhabitants in
licensed traders and in men who upon entering
aro hunted by dragoons armed to the teeth. This,
however, troubles the Senator in no way. When
yon want tho inhabitants you must run alter them
and catch them.
Before the Senator however blew up the Missou
ri Compromise, ho would first have to blow up that
act of Congress which excluded all persons from
intiuding upon the unsurvoyed lands ofthe Uni
ted States.
Tlie Senator fromlllinois was tho most prolific
man he ever heard in getting up Territories.
(Laughter.)
Every year tho partition lino of ono is announ
ced, and sometimes ho brings forth two, (Laugh
ter,) and that too, when he had a whole litter al
ready on hand. (Excessive laughter.)
He thought the Governor would have great diffi
culty in dividing the territory into distliets, as re
quired by the bill. He might select a log cabin at
the bead of some branch and call it District No. 1,
and then take another wherever he could find it,
(Lauglfior.) He desind to give tho Senator soino
instructions as to how to propare himself for the
next partition, (laughter.) The Senator should
first extinguish the Indian title, have the lands
surveyed, laid off aud to some extent inhabited,
and the* when lie got all things in this condition
“go it blind” *f he cbose. (Loud Laughter.)
He then read the various Indian treaties, by
which the Indians had been persuaded to leave
their homes and the gravesef their forefathers and
go into this territory, and maintained that the sol
emn faith ofthe nation in the sight of God and
man we -• pledged to leave them there forever un
disturbed.
In aurmonnting this difficulty the bill was as
defective as itwa3 in every other respect. It just
describes the boundaries of the territories inclu
ding within them the Indian possessions. It then
says the Indians shall not be included in the ter
ritories till they should signify to the President
their desire to be so included. This was singular
legislation. This bill just included the Indians,
then put them ont, and then let them come in when
they wanted to. It just jerked them into the ter
ritory in violation ot tre .ty stipulations, then sent
them ont, and then allowed them to come in—and
all this was done in a proviso.
It being now o’clock, Mr. Seward thought as
the Senator had not got through, the subject hal
belter be postponed until to-morrow.
Mr. Weller obieoted—after the dose the Senate
had had, he thought it would be better to take a>
mneb as possible to-day, so that there would be
less to morrow.
Mr. Smith said that after the very gentlemanly
remark of the Senator he would go on. The Sen
ator said that after tho dose the Senate had taken
he wanted him to continue, so that there would
be the less to take to-morrow—of tins very charac
teristic remark of theSei ator in the Senate of the
United States he would have no'hing to say. This
was the se ond time the Senator had indulged in
this sort of conduct toward.* him, but he would
treat it with silent contempt.
Ur. Weller raid he was not aware there wes
anything offensive in his remark. The relations
between himself aod tiie Senator were well known.
When be was absent in Mexico on the Boundary
Commission, the Senator in a speech had arraigned
his private and public character—when he retrrn
ed here as Senator from California, he had vindica
ted himself in appropriate terms, but the Senator
never had the manliness either to withdraw the
charge, or reply to his aefeCcO.
Mr. Smith. I want the Senate to understand
that I did not say I would treat the Senator with
silent oontempt. I said I would treat his conduct
with silent contempt.
After some debate, the subject was postponed
till tomorrow, and ai.or the Executive Session,
the Senate adjourned.
HOUSE
Mr. Franklin presented a joint resolution of the
Legislature of Maryland, against the guano mono
poly. Referred to the Committee on Agriculture.
The Deficiency bill was taken uo—the question
being on agreeing to the amendments made in
oommittec.
The following amendments making appropria
tions for Custom Houses were concurred in by
yeas and nays. Cincinnati! and Louisville *40,000
each : Bath and Bangor *20,000 each : St. Louis
*IOO,OOO ; Mobile **5.000; besides *lg,ooo tor
Wilmington, Delaware.
Among the appropriations for Marine Hcspitals
are *35,000 at Cleveland.
Th'tamedroent appropriating *580,000 for tho
purchase of the buildings u-*ed lor tlie New York
AssayWffice was concurred in.
Thetommirtee then rose, and reported the bill I
to tlie Mouse as amended, and the vote being J
it* passage it was rejected—ayes 57, noes
65. [The rejection of the bill ereated much excite
ment and commotion.]
Mr. Florence rose to state that he voted against
it, because it was a bill of abominations, ana con
tained a nesi egg for a mint at New York.
[A number of Whig members, when they saw
the Democrats voting against the bill, as if to
throw the responsibility ofthe extravagant appro
priations on them, as they believed, voted in the
negati ve.]
Mr. Houston moved that the House go into Com
mittee of tho Wholo on the state ot the Union.
Disagreed to.
Mr. Clingman moved to reconsider tho voto by
which the Deficiency Bill was rejected, and to lay
that motion on the table, the desigu being to kill
it beyond redemption.
Mr. McNair moved, ineffectually, that the House
adjourn.
Mr. Houston moved that tiiere be a call of the
House, which was refused.
Mr. Ciingman’s motion to reconsider and lay on
the table was then voted on, and the result an
uouneeed—the ayes 88, nays 88.
The Speaker then gavejthe casting vote in the af
firmative, thus cliuchiug the nail that killed the
bill. The announcement was received with loud
clapping of hands on the partof many members.
Amid mnch|coufu3ion and excitement;the House
then adjourned, having rendered valueless the
labor of the preceding four weeks.
IN SENATE Feb. 10.
The Chair decided that no business was in or
der bnt private bills.
Mr. Petit obtained the unanimous consent to re
port some private bills from tiie House.
Mr. Douglas moved to postpone all other busi
ness, and take up the Nebraska bill.
Mr. Stewart said that ho would agree to-day,
bat bo gave notieo that heroaftor he would object
to tho consideration of any business on Friday
but private bills.
Mr. Douglas’ motion was agreed to, aud Truman
Smith resumed his speech.
The Senate, after an executive session adjourn
ed to Monday. Mr. Weller, having got tho floor,
and Mr. Houston announcing his intention to fol
low tho Senator from California.
HOUSE.
Tiie Speaker culled attention to an orror in the
court on tiie motion to lay tiie motion to recon
sider the vote rejecting the Deficiency bill on the
table. On counting it had been found that the
vote stood S 9 to 83, without the easting voto of the
Chair.
Mr. Haven—“lt don’t chifnge the result.”
The Speaker —“It does not.”
Mr. Stephens, of Georgia—“ Tho Chair can
chang his vote.”
Tlio Speaker—“ The Chair has no light to
change his v.-t. to
Mr. Cobb—“l reck-m a good many would change
their votes to-day it' the, could." [Laughter.]
The Speaker—“ The Cha r would not.”
Mr. Jones, of Tenn'sser, m.ved to recousidor
the vote by which the House laid the motion to re
consider the vote rejecting the Deficiency bill on
the table.
The Speaker ruled the motion out of order, on
tho ground that the practice had been to consider
a vote laying a motion to roconsider on the table
as final.
Mr. Jones appealed, and referred to a precedent
to sustain the appeal.
Considerable sonversation onsuod, when Mr.
Hamilton movod to lay tho appeal on tho table.
Mr. Houston endeavored to compromise by To
porting anothor Deficiency Bill for the purpose of
having it referred.
Objection was mado, and tho appoal was laid on
the table by a vote of ayes 134, nays 25.
Mr. Houston again asked to introduce a new
Deficiency Bill.
Mike Walsh objected.
Tho private bills on the table were then taken
up, and three were passod.
The House thou wont into Committee of the
Whole on tho Private Calendar, and consumod
the entire day on one bill.
At threo o’clock the Committee rose and without
any other action adjourned till Monday.
Freni California. —By tho Daniel W ebster, at New
Orleans.
By the Daniel Wobster, wo havo dotes from San
Francisco to tho ltith of January, boiug two weeks
later titan thoso previously recoivod. From the
Herald of that date, wo extract the following sum
mary of the nows:
Our last summary of tho fortnight’s news, left
the little band, numbering some thirty odd men,
under Col. Wulkor, tho newly declared President
of Lowor California, encamped at Ensenada, on
the western coast of Lower California. Since then,
the forces have boon augmented by the arrival, on
tho 18th of December, of tho reinforcements
which left San Francisco in November, on board
the bark Anita, under command of Col. Watkins.
Those reinforcements Lave swollen the number of
invaders to about two hundred and sixty, all told.
i Between the dates of our advices, active operations
1 had continued. During tho attacks upon tho house
. in which Col. Walker had fortified himselt, pre
vious to tho arrival of the reinforcements which
havo already been uotitied, we have tho additional
information that Lieut. McKibben had been killed
and Capt.C. H. Gilman, Privates Hamilton, Mnt
| thews, Bruypole, Wolls, and ono other, wounded.
! In the different engagements tho loss of the
| Lower Californians was estimated at eighteen or
‘ twenty killed, and uh many woundod. The forti
j. Bedpost has lioen Ml’led Fort MeKibben. Private
Bernard McCormick was also killed, when alone
’ in the open country. Alter tho arrival of rein
forcements, Captain George K. Davidson, aided by
' Crocker and Douglass, was on the 19th Decomber,
f despatched in command of an expedition against
San Tomas. Without tiring a gun, Capt. David-
J son dispersed the hostile Californians, and iuimo
-2 diately returned to a place near Ensenada, called
• l.a Grulla, whoro his company was stationed at
• the latest advices. This is about the substance of
’ the hostile operations, brought to this city from
' Son Diogo by the steamer Southerner. Tho same
accounts represent the country as quiet, Mclen
-1 drsttnml Negrete, the chiefs of the Lower Califor
-1 j m; 1 ■ ;h ha- "T B«<1 —the former to tho lower
' j part of the country, and the latter tc San Diego, j
1 where he h-s Uw t•••-•• it. The report ot j
l-ontrectw 1 a ■. «o.t i by the Expsdi 1
'fir'" rd
j tirn. aatisued with tjiit new t -ier -it thing u.du- ■
' , having l imited the r . emlsliip and protection oi j
President Walker. It is alec stated that some o<‘!
' the wealthiest and most influential raneneros uau
' come forward and offered to furnish the Expodi
1 tionists with horses, supplies and other aid, provi
• ded a sufficient force could bo placed in the coun
try to protect tho inhabitants from any future
emergencies arising from such a coarse. Preßi
\ dent Walker had declined receiving such assis
tance, unless a remuneration was givt 1.
On Friday, tho 11th of January, the bark Anita
’ returned to this port, bringing back Col. Watkins,
who had boon appointed Vice President of the
j. now Kopublic, under the new organization of the
Government, which wns’made at.or the arrival of
’ tho reinforcements. Tho object of Col. W itkius’
visit is understood to ho, to obtain additional rein
! foreements, munitions, &c. The news brought by
this arrival is a few days later than that of tho
J Southerner, and is confirmatory of it. Everything
remained quiet, and the forces wore in tho same
position. Memoiiuls from vaiiotis residents of
Lower California, asking tho protection of Preßi
! dent Walker, are published, with the signurtiros
1 annexed, as well as another proclamation from tho
now President, and a decree establishing the pay
for officers and soldiers. Tho residents proposo
1 to remain neutral.
' So much.for the expeditionists in Lower Califor
• nia. Our accounts from Mazatlan, Guayaquil and
I the Moxiean coast, represent the inhabitants to be
[ in an intense state of excitement and indignation,
produced by tho announcement of the invasion of
’ Lower California. Throe small Moxiean vessels—
ono of them a war schooner, carrying three hun
dred men in all—had sailed from Mazatlan, on the
1 28th of November, for the purposo of attacking
1 the iuvadors, a sloop having been despatched in
• advance to reconnoitre theeountry. Itwasreport
| ed at Mazatlan that an order had arrived from tho
British Minister In Mez'co lo stJza the Caroline,
1 (suiting under British .’-.lor-,} wiiorovershc might
| be found, and tha' H. B. As. frigate, Ampliithrito,
immediately weighed am i nrfr,.i sailod in tho di
' reetion of Lower California. Os the farther move
. monts of thoso expeditions -ve have no in
telligence. Tho Mexicans are indulging in reflec
tions upon tho British officers of tho Pacific squad
ron for their supinonoss in taking action against
' the “pirates.” Thus stands the whole matter at
this time.
The great ease of Col. Fremont, in which the
vast tract of land known as “Los Mariposas.” was
confirmed to him by tlio Board of U. 8. Land Com
’ missioned, lias been decided by tho U. 8. Dis
-1 trlet Court. Tho decision of tho Commissioners
is reversed. An appeal has been taken to tho Su
preme Court of the United States.
The Board of U. 8. Land Commissioners on tlio
Tuesday of each week, continue to render deci
sions in cases which have been submitted to them.
Tho small steatnor Banger, which runs across
tho bay, was blown up a sow day’s sinoe, scatter
ing the fragments in different directions. One
person, a gentleman of this city, was killed, and
several injured.
Beturns from exploring parties aro still coming
in. Dr. Wozeneraft, who has just coma back from
Noble’s Pass, in the North, reports but little snow
as far as he penetrated, and the ' ass highly favor
! able for the construction of a railroad.
Several more clippers have arrived, making pas
sages averaging about one hundred and twenty
two days. This is the general average of the sea
son.
A great deal of real estate, in small lots, has been
recently sold at auction, in this city, realizing
handsome rates.
Pacific Jiailroad Survfy.— The San Francisco
Evening Picayune, of the 16th ult., says;
Liouts. Stoneman and Park loft this city on Sat
urday afternoon on the steamer Southerner for San
Diego, from which place they immediately set out,
under Government orders, with a proper escort, to
explore the country, in a direct line from the Gila,
through Northern Texas, to the head waters of
Bed Biver, and thence to Memphis, Tenn. Lieut.
Stoneman is well calculated for this duty, as he has
been over the mountains several trips, and spent
the g;eater partof last year in making surveys be
tween this and tho Atlantic States.
Oreoon.—Our dates from Oregon are to the 7th
ult. The Legislature was in session and progress
ing with territorial business. Agricultural inter
ests in the territory are receiving much attention,
( as on them depends tho immediate prosperity of
the territory. The addition to the population for
the year 1853 is estimated at 10,005 souls, most of
whom are farmers with their families. Tho organi
zation of Washington Territory is effected, and
the liriesdrawn latween tho political parties by
the nomination of Judge Columbia Lancaster as
the Democaticeandidi’ - for Congressional delegate.
Col. Wallace is the Whig nomineee. The fomer
will doubtless he successful, arguing from all
former precedents in the history of the organiza
tion of new States and Territories.
Sandwich Island.— The U. 8. sloop-of-war Ports
mouth has arrived from the Sandwich Islands,
bringing datei to the 24th December.
The 28th November, the anniversary of Hawaii
an independence, had been celebrated with con
siderable parade.
The small-pox still lingered in the islands.
The question of annexation to the United States
had not been mooted.
Mr. Severance, United States Consnl, had taken
passage in the Young America for New York.
Trade was unusually prosperous.
The steamer Arrow, recently arrived from San
Francisco, was doing a thriving business, and had
created a great excitement among the natives.
The whaling fleet is all in. The average eatch
ings have not been eqal to last year. The quantity
of oil shipped to the United States this fall, from
thispla t, is 61,909 gallons sperm, 1,660,428 gal
lons whale, and 1,451,282 pounds of bone. Freignts
are six to seven cents a galllon for oil and one cent
a pound for bone.
San Fbancisco Markets.— Business of all kinds
wus very dull in California on the departure of the
steamer. The Evening Picayune, of the 16th,
savs:
'During the past fortnight which is di-wing to a
close, all departments of trade have been, laboring
under a degree of depression, which, with the ex
ception, is without a parallel in the history of ••’e
State. Since the departure of the last mail our
markets have been, and continue still, utterly de
void of the slightest semblance of anirr- ion.
From day to day, as sales have been foieed of ma
ny staple articles, prices have steadily receded,
and at tha close we may safely declare that no large
parcel of any description of goods could be pla id,
unless sellers were willing to submit to ve.. n n ch
lower terms than those which wiU lie found be'ow.
This stats of things is owing to the overwhelm
ing stocks of nearly every species of mer andire,
and to the want of tho usual winter ra' is, which
has largely diminished the yield of the mines. We
quote the loilowing article at last prioes:
Cora Afro!.—#6 per bairel. .
jc; , ur .— Flat; no sale of importance during the
fortnight. Gallego and llaxalt #11.50 a f 12—nomi
nal,
Letters from Amsterdam state that a large por
tion of Bussian Imperial Bonds lately withdrawn
from the English market by the Emperor, were
sold in the Amsterdam market, for his account, to
meet, it was supposed, the dividend due ou the
Kaaeian Loans.
WEMr
Chronicle & Sentinel
AUGUSTA, GEORGIA.
WEDNESDAY MORNING FKB'Y 8, 1854.
Mount Vernon—The Lidiri.
Neyeu have we performed a duty with moro sin
cere pleasure, than that of calling the attention of
our readers, indeed, the whole people, women and
men, to the following communication of “ I’hilo
Washington," from the pen of an accomplished
Lady of this city, and the subjoined article from
“A Southern Matron, ” an adopted daughter of
South Carolina, which originally appeared in the
Charleston Mercury. They have a high and holy
objoct to accomplish, and they appoal in moro ole
gant and eloquont terms than we can employ, to
their sox to unite in its consummation. We w ish
them God speed with all our heart. Cordially,
however, as wo approvo the object and tho propo
sition, wo should havo preferred that they had ap
pealed to tho women of the -whole Union. Tho
fame of Washington, and whatever relic of him
exists, are equally dour to all—in every section of
this vast Republic; and in such a noble, glotious
cause, suggested and prompted by tho most refined
and ardont patriotism, thero should bo excited a
generous rivalry between the fair daughters of tho
East, the West, tho North, and tho South.
Ladles, to the Rescue 11
Manufacturing speculators havo offered $200,000
for Mt. Vernon. Shall it bo said that the sacred,
solemn spot whero Washington prayed and died,
and was buried—which awes into reverence even
the foreigner, and causes his heart to thrill with
emotion —is cared for by Americans no moro ?
that his home resounds with tho din of hammers
and reverberates with the clatter of tho loom and
the wheel!—that the pure air it was his delight to
breathe when he went forth to meditate, shall lie
made thick and black with the eternal smoke, as if
it wero the entrance to Hades ’solfl It should
be pure and holy as Eden, ore the serpent entered;
and ’tis ours to make it so. Let us rise as one wo
man, and in the strength of our united woman
hood, we cun do this, and more. Tho sum soems
large—startling at first—but what is it to a Nation,
of women / Pity that it was not every thing that
belougod to him, valued in tho same ratio, so that
we could make some sacrifice—as it is, wo are only
called upon for a paltry sum, that we spend days
without number on candies and toys for our chil
dren. One dollar is all we are asked for—it is as
much as many can afford to give—but many will
give much moro, and all will be equally wolcomcd.
Give, my sisters — allgiue —give according to your
ability, and give at once, ere tho bargain be closed
the prize bo lost 1 The ball is in motion, and
each must come forward with horofloring, whether
largo or small. South Carolina, that gallant damo
—always ready, leads tho van ; to her belongs tho
meed of originating this high emprise—Virginia
cries, to the onset—Alabama, our own daughter,
has nobly responded to the call—and good old
Georgia, hoarty, rollicking old soul as she is, will
come forward with her thousands—her fair daugh
ters will never shame her by being backward in
such a cause.
The subscription papers will bo at various places,
and all, from the lofty dame to the humble cotta
ger, may claim alike the privilege of aiding in this
truly woman’s work. Feel yon not that it issuch ?
In this country men generally havo but little of
that home-feeling, that local attachment, which
caused a Scotch regiment to throw down thoir arms
when they heard “Lochabar no more—
We return to Lochabar no more
and the Swiss to desort, as the echoes of thoir own
mountaiu song, the "Hans ties Caches," floated upon
the air. Itisnotthus with American mon—whcro
their businoss is, thero are there thoughts—thoro
are their hearts, (and in many casos thoro ure thoir
souls)—and what constitutes Home but the thoughts
and the heart i But with us ’tis different; we
know the sacrednoss of Home, for round that spot
cluster all our affections. It is tho polar star of our
thoughts and our hopes—and we know how Wash
ington, a home man, loved his homo—and we foe*
how, even in Heaven, he would sigh over this rude
chango in that beloved Bpot. Bottoran oarthquako
were to bury it fathoms deep, benoath the sea—
bettor tho raging fire should destroy ovcry trace of
its past—wo might woop at its destruction—but
they would not be tho blistering tears of shame —
there would thon be no disgrace—no monster in
gratitude would rear its hideous houd, proclaiming
to tho world that Washington was uncarod for
forgotten I—that the day of America’s glory had
passod forovor,—for tho name of Washington was
no longer a spell to deeds of honor! That Ameri
cans, rather than give a paltry sum, had allowed
his home—his gravo—to be sold for filthy lucro’s
sage!—That Mammon’: is we-' s Oi. tho
very spot where he hud worshipped the ’rue and j
living «4od—and that the ahr.oneo made fragrant j
by bis morring end evening sacrifice, now redolent j
. ■ ! oi!,andf.ohii j>> ■ icif > "withcurrivig (
sud oaths—seems Sttei i*,r Pandemonium than J
auadit else.
Did " Freedom shriek when Kosciusko fell
Methinks were this dosecration to take placo, she
would veil her head in sackcloth, and in tear
less silence retire to tho dons and caves of oarth,
no more to omorgo till the sea and tho earth shall
give up thoir dead—but it must not, cannot be.
If the many will not come forward, tho lew must
do moro.
It only needs that we should say, “It shall be
done, Mount Vernon shaU bo ours; tho richest
legacy we can leavo our children," and it will
surprise oursolves to soe how quickly the sum will
be raisod. Let us unite our enorgios in tho hope
that the contribution of Georgia will bo larger
than of her sister States. It should boa noble
emulation in counties and in Stutos, which shall do
most in preserving Mount Vernon from desecra
tion.
Can we not devise other means besido the sub
scription papers? Can wo not havo a Fair ? Our
Masonic brothers and those who cull themselves
Odd Fellows, would be glad to lond us their hall
for such a purpose (’twould be odd if they were
not) and wo could raise a few hundred by Fairs’
and Tableaus. Let us do it, and we will see that
alls well and will end well—aro Ihero not gentle
men who would wish to subscribe for nn absent
mother, sister or bolovod one, or in the name of
some departed object of affection—it would be a
holy offering to the dead and from tho dead. One
gentleman has promised one hundred dollars—
may ho live thousands of years in tho hearts of his
countrywomen, and his name bo enrolled on the
list which will embalm theirs who also devote
themselves to this work.
I wish I were twenty years younger and could
wield tho pen of a ready writer, having tho capaci
ty to indite “ thoughts that breathe, and words that
burn,” I would sound a ’larum through these
States that would raise a million, not only buy
Mount Vernon and put it in tho order it should bo,
but raise a monument thero worthy of the place,
and not of cold and lifeless stones, only —but that
is not to tho purpose now —remembering good
Mrs. Glasse advises to catch your hare and then
cook him ; so till the place is ours I will defer my
suggestion.
1 have said more than enough. Yon will need
nothing said but tho simple announcement with
regard to Mount Vernon; your hearts would then
say more than I have ; your pens would say it far
bettor, but I have been called on and I feel that in
this matter none should shrink because they deem
themselves unfit; or because the otfering, intel
lectual or pecuniary is small—our Saviour blessed
the widows mite, and I trust tho humbleness of
this ofl'oring will cause a blessing to descend. I
feel it is a Holy cause and that we can Basely ask
God’s blessing to rest upon it. Ladies of every
Connty in the State, in Florida and our sister
Southern States, we call upon you to aid us; deny
yourselves some article of dress or some expensive
extertainment; count the'cost and bestow it on the
Home and grave of Washington.
Philo Washington.
TO THE LADIES OX THE SOUTH.
A descendant of Virginia, and now a daughter
of Carolina, moved by feelings of reverence for
departed greatness and goodness, by patriotism
and a sense of national and above all. of Southern
name, ventures to appeal to you in behalf of tho
“Home and Grave” of Washington.
Ladies of the South, of a region of warm, gene
rous, enthusiastic hearts where still lingers some
unselfish love of Country, and Country’s honor,
some chivalric feelings yet untouched.by that
“national spirit," so rapidly overshadowing the
morals of our beloved land—a moral blight, fatal
to nan’s noblest attributes, and which love of mo
ney and speculations alone seems to survive—t >
you we turn, you, who retain some reverence for
the noble dead, some admiration and remembrance
of exalted worth and service, even when they are
no more! Os you we ask : Will yon, can you,
look on passively and behold the home and grave
of the matchless patriot, who is so completely
identified wi'\ yt/ur land, sold as a possession to
speculative merchants, without such a feeling of
indignation, firing your souls as shall cause you to
rush with one heart and spirit to the rescue ?
Ladies of the South, can you be stMl with closed
soulsand purpose, while the world cries ‘ Shame
upon America,” and suffer Mount Vernon with all
its sacred associations to become, as is spoken of
and probable, the seatof manufacturers and manu
factories, noise and smoke, and the “busy hum of
men," destroying all Banctity and repose, around
the tomb of your own world’s wonder' Ob, it
cannot be possible 1
Wbat! such sacrilege, such deseoration, while
you have the hearts to feel the shame and lltepfooer
to prevent it i Never 1 Forbid it, shades of the
dead, that the pilgrims to the shrine of true patri
otism Bhould find Wes forgotten and surrounded by
blackening smoke and deafening machinery, where
money, money, only money, ever enters the
thought, and gold, only gold, moves tho heart or
moves the mind ?
Once, our Congressional Halls were the resort of
wi-dom, integrity and patriotism ; where enlight
ened heads and upright minds, .‘.ought to fulfil
their official obligations, by comprehending and
faithfully executing the “glorious code of laws,”
wh’ch bound us into one common country, also by
vicing with each other, who should add most to
that country’s weal at home and glory abroad.—
Washington, and his p inciples, and his spirit,
appear no longer to influence the city which bears
his name. Oh, who that have a spark of patriot
ism, but must mournsuch early degeneracy, when
they see who fill our Legislative halls, and crowd
or ' Metropolis! Who can restrain a pang of
shame, when they behold the annual rush thither
of Jobbeis and bounty seekers, of office aspirants
and truckleis of party corrupters and corrupted,
all collecting like a flock of vultures to their prey
—prowling and polluting the grave high purposes
of legislation.
Ladies of the South ! should we appeal to such
as these to protect the grave of Washington from
the grasp of the speculator and the worldling 1—
And should we appeal either to or through your
Senators and Representatives 1 What have they
done, or would or could do, in that mephitic
air f
No, it is to you, mothers and daughter* of tho
South, that the appeal can be made with a hopeful
confidence. It is woman’s office ..to be a vestal, I
and even the “lire of liberty,” may need the care I
of her devotion and the purity of herguardianship. I
Your hearts are fresh, referential, and animated 1
—.
by lively sensibilities and elovating purposes.—
With you, therefore, patriotism has notyetbocomo
a name. And should thero ever bo again “timos
to try men’s souls," there will be found among 1
an< f ot you, as ot old, heroines, superior to fear and
selfish considerations, acting for oountry and its
honor. Relieving this, one of your ooutry women
feels emboldened to appeal in tho name of the
mother ot Washington, and of Southern feeling
and Inner to all that is sympathetic aud genorous
in ypur nature; to exert itself, and by your
combined effort now, in village aud country, town
and city, the means may be raised IVomtlio mites
of thousands of gentle hearts, upon whom his
name has yet a magic spell, which will sufiieo to
secure and retain his home and grave as a sacred
spot for all coming time.
A spontaneous work like this would be sucb a
monument of love and gratitude as haa nover yet
been roared to patriot or mortal man, ami while it
would save American honor from n blot in tlie eyes
of a gazing world, it would furnish a shrine whoro
at least the mothers of tho land and thoir indignant
children, might make their offerings in the cause
of the greatness, goodnosß and prosperity of their
country.
It is known to you that Congrosa lias virtually
declined to purchase and preserve Mount Vernon
in bohalfof the nation. Yettliore is now a neces
sity for immediate action, us schemes aro on foot
for its purehaso by Nothern capital, and its devo
tion to money-making purposos. It is, therefore,
respectfully and cur neat ly suggested to you, and
by one who, in hor descont, inhorited the sympa
thies and roveronco of thoso who wore onoe in the
social relations of life witli the “Euthor of his
country,” that thePontb by general contribution,
each a luito, furnish the amount sufficient for the
purchase of Mount Vernon. Tliatthe property be
conveyed in trust to the President of tho United
States, and tho Governor of Virginia, to bo pre
served and improved in your mime as a hallowed
resort for all people. That for its continued pre
servation and improvement, a trifle be charged
each visitor. And that your eontributionato effect
thoso noblo ends may be gathered into tho Gover
nors of your States respectively, to bo remitted to
tho Governor of Virginia, with authority and di
rection to tnuko tho pnrohaac.
A Southern Matron.
The Nebraska Bill—The New York Press.
The Now York Express of Monday, has the
following summary, of the spirit of tho “ prose,"
of that city, on tho Nebraska Rill :
The Nebraska Question oooupios the attention
of tho olty journals, to the exclusion of almost
everything olso (Editorially.) The “Tribune”
calls tho Bill, as presented by Senator Douglass,
an astounding infamy of the meanest character,
and reitoratos its boliof, —
“That it is simply a raovemont to save Mr-
Piorce with tho ultra pro-slavery men of his party,
aud to give him and Mr. Douglass some political
capital to begin the next Presidential Campaign
with. No other- possiblo reason can bo assigned
for it. The protenco that it is to carry out tho
doctrines of tho compromise of 1850, isJtoo shallow
and transparent to decoivo any man who has a
thimble full of brains. .Tho advocate \ of that
compromise havo nover before suggested such a
thing, nud to protond it is now only to show what
a contemptuous estimate its invontors havo of tho
public sense.”
Referring to tho (Nebraska) Resolutions passed
by the Sofia at Tammany Hall, the “ National
Democrat” (Hard) says,—
“Thoso resolutions aro characteristic of tho in
congruous chin of political tricksters whioh meet
at Tammany Hull—eomposod, us it is, of two parts
of Van Burenites, and three parts of “ rotten”
Democrats, whosloughod oil' from the old Demo
cratic party- and joinod tho fortuues of the traitors
of ISIS. These “ rottens’’ have a majority over
tho puro Van Burenites in the Coal-hole commit
tee, and they could thorofere, in spite of Prince
John, pass whatever resolutions they ploasod.
But thoir position is suoh that they are obliged to
yield something to John aud his friends, or they
will bo letlulonoby themselves in this State, a most
miserable and helpless squad who will bo hardly
onough in numbers to bo called aven faction. The
donizons of the Coal-hole are, tliorotoro, not only
in a vorv dark place, but in a “ very peculiar posi
tion.” Tho Administration commands them to
“too the mark” but the Vun Buron portion of tho
coalition point blank refuse to “tootne mark,"and
tho “ rottons,” if tho Van Burenites leave them,
aro not a corporal’s guard in the State. So tho
“Administration" is reduoed to a fearful ex
tremity.”
Tho “True Democrat” (Sou) defends tho Reso
lutions and remonstratos against tho “unkind in
sinuations” of that other “Soft,” —the Evening
Post,—for intimating that tho Tummany Meeting
was tho offspring of a suggestion originating at
Washington, not in New York. The dilt'orouco
botwoen tho “Democrat” and “Post” we tako to
bo just this: tho former takes the medicine down
atagulph—the latter cannot do It without it wry
face or two—but a litrio coaxing, no doubt, will
onable tho Post anon toovercomo its scruples. It
has a stomach for almost anything in that way. It
need not bo afraid. But hour tho special pleading
of tho “True Democrat
“W e are sorry to see that tho Evening Post con -
stiros tho Gonoral Committee in a tone of excood
ing aspority for their action upon theso Resolutions.
Tho consuro wo anticipated, the aspority surprised
us, for surely this question can and ought to bo
considered in a calm spirit, and without any ut
tempt to create disturbance, or sectional, or per
sonal dirt'orences. We have authority for assuring
tho I’ost thut tho Resolutions of tho Uenoral Com
miltoe wore not sent from Washington, but wero
written in tho city of New York two orthro hours
previous to the meeting of that body. They wore
not the work of Mr Cushing, orany ruemborof tho
Cabinet, or Congress, and tlioy certainly agree
with tho Democratic sonliment in tho city of Now
York.”
New liooka.
Simms’ Poetical Wobks —Descriptive, Dramatic,
Leg '■■■ -, and Contemplative, by William Gil-
I m is Simms, in 2 vols. Reumeld.
The adr irers of Mr. Simms—and thoir namo is
lug.o. - great gipst cordially this collection of
ills Pet now foMho first time embodied in J
1 .-ok V -ii. Ilia fame is altogether too woll ostab
.ii.ii«,d to roe uiro any commondation of these vol
umes whioh may bo had of MoKinne & Hall.
Sketches of the Irish Bar, by tlio Rt. Hon. K. L.
Siiei l, M. P., with Memoir and Notes by R.
S. McKenzie, D. C. L., in 2 vols. Rkufield.
Tho limited opportunity afforded ns to glanco at
this work, induces the impression that it is among
tho most roadablo and entertaining books of tho
day. It is not a mere skofeh of tho Members of
tho Irish Bur, as its title imports, but embraces
within its scope the striking scones and remarka
ble incidents that o-imo within the observation of
tho author during his ovontful forensic career.
They nro, therefore, intimately connected with the
history of the struggles of Ireland for religious and
civil liborty, in which the author and meat of his
assooiatos wore prominent actors.
For sale by MoKinne Ac Hall.
Christmas Stories, by Dickent—The Knicker
bocker for January and February, havo been re
ceived by Geo. A. Oates & Brothers.
i The Mf-dioal Examiner.— Tho Fobruary No. of
1 this vuluablo Medical periodical is on our tablo.
j On looking over the tablo of contents, we aro
> ploascd to soo that it contains its usual variety of
t original and selected matter. Woliavoso ropontod
. ly recommended this work to tho Profession, that
t wo deem it unnecessary to say more than that it
f sustains its former high character, under its now
a Editor.
a It is published in Philadelphia monthly by
- Lindsay & Blakiston, at $3 per annum, in advanco,
i and edited by Samuel L. Hollingsworth, M. D.
* We find tho following in the F’ebruary No. of
the Medical Examiner, and transfer it to our
columns, to give it a wider circulation. It should
' bo road by every physician in the land.
From a most interesting discourse on the life
- and works of tho la o Robert James GkXves, M. 1).,
, F. R. 8., by Wm. Stokes, M. D., published in the
, London Medical Tones and Gazette, we oxtract tho
following:
i “He was, with mo, going round tho Hospital,
when wc entered tho convalescent ward. He be
gan to exp .liate on ti e healthy appeorance of some
who had recovered from sevc o typhus.
‘ “This is all the effect of our good feeding,’” ho
exclaimed ; ‘and lest, when I am gone, youpnayho
at a loss for an epitaph for mo, lot me give you
one, in throe words:
“ HE FED FEVERS.”
“ I have given you an epitaph, dictated by him
in a sportivo mood. I will now give you anothor,
which he wrote himself in the early part of his last
illness, and which ho repeated beforo his death,
with directions that it Bhould bo engraven on his
tomb:
ROBERT JAMES GRAVES,
Son of RichardGravos, Prolossor of Divinity, wiio,
after a protracted and painful disease, died in
the iovo of God, and in the faith of
Josns Christ.
David Lesley, Esq., a prominent and much es
teemed citizen of Abbeville C. H., So. Ca., died on
Monday, the 6th inst., after a brief illness.
Cost of the State Road.— We make tho sub
joined extract from a message recently sent into
tho Senate, by Gov. Johnson, in compliance with
a resolution of that body, requesting him to
famish tho estimated cost, &0., of the State Rail
road:
Cost of Western and Atlantic Railroad as per
statement furnished by Mr. Cooper. .4,722,164 25
Add amount of twenty-six Bonds ot
1,000 each 20,000 00
Add amount of Bonds issued to John
D. Gray 100,000 00
Add bullin' e of bonds issued by the
acts of 1851 and 1852, not included in
last Report of the late Gereral Superin
tendent, Mr. Yonge 211,166 67
Aggregate cost exclusive of interest. 5,059,330 92
In reference to the lost Item, it is proper to stute,
by tho acts of 1851 and ’52, State bonds were issued
tx the amount of $757,522.72, including the pre
mium, lealized from their solo. Os this sum, by
reference to the last item of the last page of Mr.
Yonge’s last report, it will ho soon that tie ex
pended $516,355.05, showing $211,106.67, of bonds i
issued (exclusive of premium) and disposed ol at (
the Sta*3 Tier uy to meet demands against the
Read for iron, & c. ......
This estimate docs not mcludetlie interest upon «
the cost of the Road; it would require great labor, ;
and more time than is con' inflated by tbo rose
lution of tbo Senuto, to upproximuto an accurate
calculation of that item. f
HersohellY. Johnson. \
Virginia Improvements. —Tho Richmond Dis
patch says that, according to a statement laid be- 1
fore the Virginia Ilouseof Delegates by its Clerk, f
the amount of appropriations asked for at this see- |
siou is, for canals, bridges, and navigation compa- 1
nies, $2,623,600; for railroads, $8,244,000; for *
turnpikes, $657,894; for plank roads. $262,000;
making in all $11,737,480. There are resolutions t
and petitions for the construction of improvements £
still beforo the Commitloo of Roads which would g
swell the above amount to twelve millions.
Judicial Elections in Alabama. —Messrs. Gold- 1
thwaite, Chilton and Rice, have been elected Judg- 1
es of the Supreme Court in Alabama.
The Richmond Whig says: “We see it estima- *
ted that the value ot public lands to Railroads ask- I
ed from this session of Congress, according to tho \
bills introduced or projected, amounts to the onor- 1
mouß sum of $350,000,000. That is distributing 8
the public lands, or the proceeds thereof, with a
vengeance, under a Democratic Administration. ®
All may not be granted at this season, but the pro
cess of distributing goes on gradually from yoar ®
to yoar.”
c
Gone to Turkey.— Gustavo Wagner, lately in the (
employ of tho Catawissa (Pa.) Railroad Companyt
asongincor and draughtsman, has startod for Con- 1
stautinoplo, at tho request of Kossuth. He was
aJMajor in tho Hungarian army, and Kossuth ox- «
pects to want him, and all his old companions in I
arms, noxt Bummer, when it is expeoted there wil '■
be warn and destructive work going eu in Europe, t
Mr. Chisolm—The Winter Grand .li.ry.
We published, a few days since, an oxtract from
tho late Presentments of the Grand Juiy of Gilincr
oouuty, making Borne very grave charges against
E. D. Chisolm, Esq., tho Solicitor of that Circuit.
Wo suspected at tho time, that political prejudice
had moro to do in inllucnoing the action of the Jury
than rospoet for the law , and wo should not ho
surprised it the result establish the jnstico of oni
suspicion. Mr. 0., it seems, from the following •
letter “ To the Spealcor and Membors of the lionso
ot Representatives," asks an investigation of the
plotter, wliioß bus boon ordered in the lionso, by
Ihoappointmcnt of a Committoo to report thereon.
Ho appears to feel no tears as to tho result, and wc
imagine lie has little cause, if his statement of the
course pursued by tho Grand Jury bo truo:
Gentlemen :— I enclose you a copy of tho Gono
ral 1 resentments of tho Grand Jury of Gilmer
county, ma le in my absenco from lie Court con
taining a very gravo charge against me as tho So
licitor Gonoral of the Blue Ridgo Circuit. 1 nm
charged by the Grand Jury with having sold the
public justice to obtain votes tor iny friends, and
that this had been liunlotoappoar by highly crodihlo
testimony, ot i- at only one, but many parsons.
Ihe charge is untrue and unfounded. Not a wit
ness was examined by tho Grand Jury. All the
evidence that was before tho Grand Jury wore
throe oxparteo affidavits taken and sent boloro that,
body. They were not permitted to examine the
witnesses and hoar from them tho truth. Justioo
to the people and to myself, demands that you, tho
tribunal Uxod by the Constitution of tlio Stato,
should invostigatvo the charge mado ngulnat an
officer of tho Stato, and if truo, order such pro
ceedings in tlio Keuuto as tho Constitution requires,
and if talso, publish the feels to tho people that
they may soo my innoccneo, nud vindicate tlio
charaotcrof ono of the State’s prosecuting officers.
1 therefore request that a oouiinltloo ho appointed
by your Honorable Body, to examino into the
charge which the Grand Jury have made against
mo. All ol'which is most respectfully submitted.
E. D. Chisolm*
Millodgcville, Un., Fob. 6, 18)54.
Burning ol III* Hleanier Haute.
The following extract from a private lottor, from
a gentleman in Columbus to hisfrieud in thin city
(which we are permitted to pulilieh,) will bo roud
with interest, and profound admiration, for the
horoic conduct of that noblo little daughter :
Columbus, Feb. 5, 1854.
Dear F—: Tho Eagle loft tho wharf ul this plaeo
on Saturday the2Bth ult., with J, A. Doblos’ wife
and his Ihroa children, my oldest daughter Ann,
and two sorvauts, as pnssongors; besides many
othors unknown to mo. When about half way
down, with a cargo of 1808 bides cotton, she was
discovered to he on tiro, which originated from on
unknown causo aft of tho engino room, and direct
ly under tlio lndios’ cabin. An atlompt was innno
d'atoly mado to land tho boat, which was purtiully
successful, but thoy wore unablo to got out a lino.
The ongines continued to work, keoping hor bow
into tho laud. Tho children and lndios hud oithor
to eemo down with ropes, or bo lot full from a
height of 18 tiers of oottou biles into tho arms of
those bolow on the main dock, thou jump to tho
shore. All speak in tho highest praiso of tho eon
duct of my daughter, (not 10 years old ;) slio nei
ther cried or screamed, but stood upon the pilo of
cotton, holding ono of hor little cousins (boys) by
oacli hand, exhorting them not to cry or jump ; nor
would sho loave tho burning wreck until she saw
them safely landod—she then, in the most self
possessed manner, askod if there was any porson
that would save her 1 Ono of tho crow, at tlio risk
of his life, nobly responded, “I will 1” and snatch
od her from tho very jaws of death.
You can form sotno idea of tho rapidity of tlio
flames, when 1 toll you that in 15 minutes from tho
first discovery of tho tiro, nothing was to bo seen
of tlio Eagle or cargo but a few blackened particles
of cotton. All that was done to savo life was done
in Hvo minutes. 1 regret to havo to udd, llmlthreo
dock hands wero drowned; and the chamber
maid, having got caught bcLwocu the guards of tlio
boat and atrcoonthu hunk, wus literally ont in two.
Not a trunk orpurticlo of clothing was Haved. Tho
books, papors, and a portion of the money of tho
boat wore lost. Homo SBO,OOO or $90,000 of cash
packages belonging to the Agoncies, were suvod.
Furowoll, noblo Eaglo I thy last flight was a fiery
one—nover again cacs’t thou Bpread thy wings
over our boautiful Chuttuhooclieo.
P. B.—Tho whole loss may be set down at SIOO,-
000, on which 1 suppose thoro was insurance to the
amount of $30,000. Thu bout was not insured, and
is a total loss to the owners. Tho lire wus discov
ered about 21’. M.; Imd it been ut night, tho loss
of life would buvo boon distressing. Tho boat was
owned by 11. T. Hall, Capt. Lea, Charles Brock way,
and Buso & l’atton.
BOli TII KII N eiILTIVATO It.
Value ot Agricultural Papers to I’laiiters.
A subscriber to the Southern Cultivator, who is
well known as a most successful and enterprising
planter, writos the editors as follows, dating from
Macon County, Ala.:
"I have no thought of abandoning my old lYioud,
tho Cultivator. lam indebted to it for too many
useful lessons. Twelve years ago, with u hi null
property, I settled in tho woods whero I now live.
As “tho book larme ,” I was tho laughing stock of
tho neighborhood ; und it was conlidenlly pre
dicted that in a few years 1 would bo sold out by
,»!•<> sfietiC Nevertheless, 1 havo lived to buy
-out severul or-theme wtro -worn men “rracttoal
Farmois and havo yet to learn that a man cannot
write and print as good advioo as ho could give by
his own unobjectionable firo-sidc, or whilo sotting
on tho foncc. Yours truly. J. L.
Thcncwmail arrangement isworkingliko a charm.
Tho Augusta morning papors aro received horn at
2J* p. m., of same day. Tho Constitutionalist
uovor fails, though we aro often disappointed in
gottingtho Chnnicle in duo season. Will “neigh
bor Jones” please look into the mattor, for wo
would bo glad to hear from him often and regular.
Wilkes Jlepublican.
W e havo boon trying for some time, to correct
tho ovil complained of by our contompornry, and
hopo wo shall succeed. lithe irrcgnlurity contin
ues, wo wiH thunk our friends in Washington to
inform us.
The Gadsden Tut-'vrv. —Tho spcciul correspon
dent of tho Baltimore American says:
Wasiiinoton, Feb. 10.—Tho Gadsden Troaty
with Mexico wus sout by tho President to tho
Senalo this morning, witli several amendments
agreed on in Cabinet council. No action upon the
subjoct vp'l probably bo had for some lime to
come.
A Wile In Trouble!
We do not know when wo havo read anything
so mournfully touching—so thrillingly pathotic,
as the following. It probos the loweHt depths of
sonsibility and fueling, and givo.t us “ thoughts
too deep for toars." Peruse it, “ gentle rouder,”
and riso from it a “ sadder and a wiser man,” (or
woman):
“ Pray toll mo, my dear, whut is the cause of
tlie e tears?” “Oh, what adisgrnoo 1" “What
disgrico?” “Why, 1 havo opened ono of your
lottc-s, supposing it was addressed to myself.— -
Certuinly it looked moro like Mrs. than Mr.” “Is
that all ? Whut harm can there bo in a wile’s
opening ahusband’s lottorsl” “No harm in itself.
But *he contents! Bucli a disgrace!" “What,
lias any one dared to write me a letter unlit to bo
read by my wife?” “Oil, do; it is couched in tho
most chaste lammage. liut tho consents 1” lloro
the wife buried nor face in her handkerchief, and
commenced sobbing aloud, when tho husband
ci gerly caught up tho letti r, and commenced read
ing the opistlc that hud been tho means of nearly
breaking his wife’s heart. It was a bill from a
printer for nine year's subscription l
On the Bth ult., a mooting of bankers and mon
io men took place in Paris, M. Kosnigswatcr in
in tlio chair. It was docided ut tho meeting that a
memorial should boatonco drawn up, and pro
sonted to tho Emperor, praying him to take into
consideration the great pecuniary intorosts engaged
in commercial and industrial undertakings in
France, and throughout Europe, and not to allow
himself to be lightly engaged in tho difficulties o
a distant war. Tho Emperor, it is said, replied to
tho persons who prosented this memorial, that un
doubtedly material intorosts possessed jnoontosti
ble importance in his ejps, but that he could never
place them above moral interests, and that a ques
tion of honor and national dignity must always
weigh with him much more heavily in the scale
than any mere question of rnonoy.
The Boston Traveller gives the particulars of a
singular enso of death by lockjaw, which nonurrqd _
at South Boston on Friday. Tho victim was a
teamster, named John McGratfc, who, about a
week since, while driving his team, accidentally
struck his light eye with his whip lash, inflicting a
severe wound. On tho day a.tor the eye was very
painful, and grew worse till Wednesday, when ho
was seized with lock-jaw, and alter much suffering
died on Friday morning.
A dog plunged into the Ohio, a few milos above
Cairo, the other day, after a door, and caught it
when about a hundred yards from the shore. The
dog, after getting ducked about a do/.on times, suc
ceeded iu getting on the doer’s back, and, fasten
ing to its ear, so interfered with its swimming that
a spectator on the bank took a canoe and secured
it. The owner of the dog subsequently sold it to
aSoutliern gentleman for one hundred and fifty
five dollars.
A now car vontillatorhas been invented, which, it
is said, will snpersedeall others now in use. It
consists of a simple contrivance for admitting air
to the interior of a ear, through a wet spouge or
cloth, which is so placed in contract with water, at
its ends, as to bo kept constantly moist by capillary
attraction. Tho cloth arrests the cinders, dust and
smoke, and tbe air eutors, freshened by its passago
through the cloth.
Mr. Jas. W. Came: on, of tho firm of Camoron A
lirand, in Now York, has been declared insane and
placed in the asylum at Flushing. His wife is in
theinsano asylum at Bloomingdale, which fact, it
is said, so affected him as to make him insane.
His property is valued at $75,000.
A contract is said to havo been mude by a Bos
ton committee with Hiram Powers, the sculptor,
for a oollossal bronze statue of Daniel Webster. A
statue of brenze will also be erected in Boston, in
honor ofthe memory of Benjamin Franklin, the
total cost of which, when oorapletod, will bo in
the neighborhood of $15,000.
A bill v, as reported iu the Pennsylvania Legis
lature, on Friday, providing for the sale of the
public works of that State, at a prico not lobs than
$20,000,000. The following are tho prices named
for the respective works: For the Deluwaro divi
sion of the. Pennsylvania canal, $2,500,000 ; for
the main lino from Philadelphia to Pittsburg, $12,-
000,000; for tho Susquehanna and North Branch
division, $5,000,000: for the West Branch, $500,-
000.
M. Scribe, tho French dramatist, derives an in
come from his copyrighted plays, of fifty thousand '• ‘
dollars a year. But he is the most prolific of living -
play writers.
The estimated loss on the Erie Kailroad receipts,
arising from the disturbanooa at Erie, it is sup
posed, is about $50,000 per month for two months.
The loss to tbe New York Central road is estixng-.
tod At About tho otuno amount,