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Chronicle & SentineT:
“ puiuiiuii ihtbumhuko- !
DIT AILS BY THE ARABIA.
Th.r S. mail steamer Washington arrived off ,
CoV” on Friday piomiog, and proceeded to dea- c
Ul Tuk Wafc-From Vienna. May Slat, It to itatod |
„ rr j o n*sd. the Anetrian summons toevacu- ,
aU the Turkish territory would ho sent to Bt. Po- t
Belgrade and Widdin ataU that »
Au * nan troepa were con tine ally coming down <
yr~j.s ,
OF Pgrawa.-TUafirrt atepa bail been
taken for ttc “ mobilization" of the Prnaeian
k Mo'-r Kruoaa o» Peace.—The laat rumor in
p/'ts i» that the Emperor of Russia again manifeeta
a dhp iMtion to negotiate for peace. Thla rnmor
haa been ao often aet afloat that we attach no value
to itespecially not to tha etatement that the
Cnr will withdraw on condition that the dowere
( ;ii agree to the aatebllahment of the tUUu quo. If
there he >tj truth in the above propoaition, they
cac only be made with the view of detaching Atte
nd* and Praaaia from the allianoe, thoee powers
being anpponod to be adverse to any act that would
tend to dismember or diminish the Bttaaian em
pire.
There to a story which the London Daily New*
in- . nuate* is on thaaatbority of the Prnasian Ex-
M aia'er Bunsen, that the Ring of Prussia haa
c; r.ly stated, that “while he reigns In Berlin, no
Pro- nan eword shall be drawn against Russia.”
Wa give the etory as gossip only.
Tst PtA* ow m Camtaion.— Marshal Bt. Ar
naud, Commander in Chief of tha allied force* in
Turkey, accompanied by Lard Raglan. and the
lkra*kier,or Minister ot War of the Porte, pro
ceeded in separate steam vessel*, on the 18th
Hat, irom Constantinople to Varna to bold a
Council ot War, and to determine the operations
of the campaign. It was expected that Admirals
Bam* in and bunds* would also ittend the meet
ing, hi '- they did not. The reeult of the deUbera
tr.iir did not, of oonrse, transpire, but it is surmised
thu' ti e French sud English troops would proceed
- to drisnople—further, tost it is not expedient to
expose Ute Turkish army to the risk of a general
acnon fir the sake of repelling the attack of tha
j.Ds-.ati* on the fortresaee which cover the right
bank ol the Danube. Neither to it supposed to be
thoir intemiofi to throw any considerable portion
ol the allied armies on the coast, ao as to come into
immediate collision with the present advanoed
poet* ot the Bosnians.
In Black Be*.— Since laat advices no new*
whatever baa come to hand respecting the move
menu of the allied fleets on the Black Be*.
Tax Baltio. —We have no fntther operation* in
tka Baltic. Nor l» there any authentic aUtement
ot the extant or result of the reoent attack on the
tOASstfa
tv-ais strong, battered the outworks of Hango
Cdda, on tlie 28th, hot ware oompolled to with
draw mnch damaged 1”
A (doubtful) despatch from Copenhagen, states
that Gnstavsvern was cannonaded on Monday,
214, without etfeot.
Advices by letter are of date 28th from Copen
hagen. They stale that on 21th Bir Charles Napier
lay hafire Hango Point, and was preparing to
bombard Onstuvsvern. Admiral Plumndge with
the flying squadron had been sent on special sor
vici vo the Dull ol Bothnia. Admiral Corry lay at
Go*'-ka Boudoe. Stockholm letters of 284 mention
nothing of Napier having capturedGustavsvern.
Beports from Finland are to May 15, via Stock
holm. Wyborghad been declared in a statj of
siege, and great energy wa* displayed in strength
ening tho citadei, which is not very strong. Some
hundred* of citizens were compelled to work at
the firtittiMtioos. Fears wore exprossod of a laud
ing from Napier’s fleet; Wyborg being but 18
mile* from lit. Petersburg. Tho arrival of a regi
ment of Cowlick* ul the Hon had added to the
general excitement. A part ol tho Hwedo Norwe
gian fleet wa* to quit Elfmabben on 16th, to
cruise in tließallio.
A KeOAimoN for thk White Be*.- In the Bri -
tiati House of Couimona, Sir James Graham staled
that an Anglo-French squadron ho* sailed for the
White Hen, hut without present instruction* to
blockade Onega or Archungel.
The Hieoe of Bilhtiua—Tlie following soml
offl ~.l uimouuootnuiit appoar* in tlie Paris Moni
tour: A communication trom Belgrade, by tele
graph, dated May 28, states that the Russians have
attacked Bilistria with all the disposable forces
they had upon that point. This attack, directed
simultaneously from tho Danube and by land, was
to ewe l tour times, and was four times repulsed
by the besieged. It is stated that Omar Pasha is
preparing to go to the assistance of the place. The
resistance of Bilistria continued with success on
tbo 20th Muy.
Turkish account*, through Viouna, states that,
on 87th, tbo fortreae t till defondod itself bravely,
and the news of a disposition to troat, on the part
of the Turks, wu* altogether false. Tho word
“capitulation’’ had nevor been uttered. Thoie
were ;m,ofto (I) Russians around Silintria. Opera
lions from tlie islands of the Danube wore again
ensponded in oonsequouco of tho height of the
river. The damages done to tho fortifications by
the bombardment, were repaired almost as soon aB
mado. The Kueaians, at the iloinund of tho Turks,
have promised not to diroot their liro on the hos
pitals.
The latest accounts do not montiou tho porsoual
presence of Prince Paskiewiteh before Bilistria.—
Flo had onleiod Gen. Gortuoliiikoff, who was at
Carasn, to niaieh to Hilistria with the artillory of
reserve ; hut tho General, being kept in oheok by
Omur I‘ushs, liad not been able to elfeet tliat tnove
menl. Bo late a* May 28th, tho communications
were open between Bilistria aud Bhunila.
Tile French jispara disonas tho probabilities of
Bilistria, holding out, and oorno to tho conclusion
that it* fall is not Imminent.
Utiiku Porta on the Danube.—According to
Kushisii a iviu*®the Turkß liavo ovaonatod Turin
kai, Nicopolia find Bistowa, and tho Russians have
ooeupie.l llioso places.
Froai Beliutnla, 26ih May, it waa telegraphed that
Gen. Paskiewiteh liad countermanded tho rein
foreomonts ordered from Bucharest and Ibraila.
This kad given rise to u report that he intended to
raise the siege of Bilistria.
Bkondur Beg, ou tho 22d, had a ronoontro with
tho Russians near Turnu, and liad sent in many
priaonera to Kalufat.
Omar Pa ha, Marshal St. Aruaud and Lord Bag
ton, had rov'.ewod tho Turkish urrny. Marshul Bt.
Arnaud made a flattering speoch to tho etfuct that
be was happy to servo with snob troops aB the
Turks have provod themselves to be.
There aro uow 60.100 Frenoh troops at Gallipoli.
Haialial Bi . Arnaud has issued to them the follow •
ing proolu inaliou:
“SoHitrt flf Frana !—We are ou a foreign
strand, but tho Sultan is our ally and treats us
with hospitality. Do yon know what is meant by
hospitality In thoOrlonlf Tbo guest is mado the
equal of tbo muter of the house. You will not
abuse this hospitality I Wa aro oomu hither to de
fend oor ally against tho barbarous agprossious of
tbeCiar. Our mission is grout, and if, with tho
assistance of God, wo suocoed in accomplishing it,
wo shall oncer ouraelvei wit ft glory as did our an
cestor*. Our Emperor thinks only of tho glory
of France and ot your wolfuro I He expeots from
you in the struggle against tho barbarians of tho
North the courage und valor whioh will iuorease
the glory ot our oountry. Let “ I'ive l'Emptrour"
be our war-ory, for it is that which has lod our mi_
mortal ancestors to vlotoryl With tho ory of
“ l ias I'Jimptreur ” we will conquer or dio I
Bt. Arnaud.
Greece.—Eight thousand French troops have
disembarked at tho Pirams, after having taken
possession ot tho Greek shipa-of war.
King Utbo has accepted tho Auglo-r reiich ulti
matum .'—has proclaimed neutrality, and effooted
a complete oliaugo of ministry. Tho following to
altotofthon JwCabinet: Mavrooordato, President
and Minister of Finance; Polandrios, Minister of
tho Interior; Porioles Argyropoulos, Minister of
Foreign Adairs ; Kalergi, Minister of War; Fe
males, Minister of Justice. , .
Letters trom Athens, ol 22d May, state that the
Uuecu wu- m a stato bordering on fret!ay, and
that it required the entreaties and tears ot the
King, aud* of the ladies in walling, to keep her
lrom placing herselt at the head of the army. Her
baggage was all pocked for departure on this Uuix
oUc eiitorprixu, but, on tecoud thoughts, sho ha*
bad ttit buxe» \iuoordod, and oonaented to remain
&®eU» correspondence in the Greek ques
tion has just Been laid before Ilia British Hoiiso of
Commons. It is extremely voluminous F’romau
editorial in a London paper, wo learn that tho doc
uments do establish a very strong ease against the
Greek Government, as well as against the King
and Queen individually. The Russian Envoy at
Athens, acting in conjunction with t he Court, plan
ned an insurrection in tho Turkish provinces, and
from Athens directed its movement. An iutorcept
cd letter of Gen. Travellaa, who had ostensibly
withdrawn from the king’s service to take com
mand of the insurgents, wss addressed from Fora
April 21tii. to M. Beotian, king Otho’s private Se
cretary, u-Ring tor tnrther aasisuuee, and reoom
mending that at loast two battalions of tho frontier
guard, ouoseu from tho Ist and lltli regiments,
Should bo sent to Anino, where they were to have
orders to doßerl forthwith and join tho insurrec
tion, being also paid regularly, that thev might re
main !lrm and unshaken. The lonian dotachinent
i, described as being dispersed in several places,
and divided uuder fourteen different leaders. It
was even proposed to raise the whole military force
of the country, and openly declare war upou Tur
key, bu 1 , ot course, the occupation puts au end to
this project aud dispels the delusive hope of Greek
empire of the East.
Ac* uuts—without date. but which seem to be
no later than those already published—say that
the insurrection which was subdued in Epirus,had
acquired uciv strength in Thessaly. Tchami-kara-
Tassos h ul withdrawn to Mount Athos with a por
tion of his band. The Turkish troops sent against
him, to OrmiUa, had returned toSaionlca with four
of his cannon. _ .. ,
Taa Asiatic Coast.—From Trehnond, May 6th,
a letter states that Souchonm-Kaleli, whion was
abandoned by th Kusslaus, has b. en occupied by
the Abs-I tea, who took possession of the ware
houses aud the merchandise they contained, and
hoisted tho Tutkish flag there. Tho Russians, to
the number 0f5,000 or 6,000 marched upon Rodout-
Kaieh, whence it is thought they will endeavor to
roach Ttttis. They (the Russians) have evacuated
and burned Anapa.
The regiments organised in the Caucasus will
join the Turkish Dauubian army. It is again
stated that Sohmayl recently gained au important
victory over tho Russians. Perhaps the statement
ia merely au echo of the above reported evacua
tion ot the Circassian forts. , .
Am raog thr But or Tunis.—Tho Bey of Tunis
has eouie to the determination of sending aid to
the eultan, iu the shape ot 10,000 infantry, *OO
cavalry, and two batteries of artillery, under the
command of Gen. Kodsohid, who were eantUat
year by the Bey on a mission to France. The Bsy
notifies to the Consuls ot France and England as
follows: “ Praise be to God, aud to the Prophet
oi God. We have thought it our duty to Uko,
witbiu the limit of our means, a part in the great
auction which occupies the nations ot the East—
a question which interests the whole world, with
this view, we propose to detach onr ships with a
division ot our troops. W e write to you that
you may be intonned of our iuleulions.”
Ornii» IscibOM or Tin. Wa*.—Two ships, un
us tue Greek fl»g,wnh 5*5 wouuded Russians on
Wd have beeuUkeu off the coast of Circassia.
Sultan has presented swords of honor to
Gem P.im and tliree other memhers of the
*Trum” U ftom SSSSoSpI* «•» ** General
«s«n was menaced with disgrace cu ac
count of tiio misappropriation of funos entrusted
Shimfbruseof Jil army at Od«*a. This may or
*"a letter B froui° Ur. H. J. l>o«nvil!e surgeon of the
-Blared British steam frigate T-ger, is daUd ftom
the quarantine ground, Odessa, and says that the
wounded of the Tiger are doing well, aud that the
Russian authorities are quite kind to the pn
'°By'the Indian mail, a letter from Singapore, of
t»ta Aonl 15lh, atalva that the British slups -of war
gfuTrtan Rapid, Lily-wilh the Baracouta, bth.l,
Winchester daily expected—were on the look
out! (or Russian ships in the lndiar aud Japaucsa
ygtint i
EsoLaSD —The proceedings in Parliament have
a-Tn totally without iutercßt.
deoideo to appoint a spccia. Minister at
** * The Lames of various statesmen are meu-
U I A *_ «dgible for the office ; but before all
U .!»ds Lord Palmerston. The appointment would
other changes in the Cabinet, of which
e* o ** mostpopular woald be the transfer
*®*T lir f J -hc Russell to the Home Offioe, and
•f r L wi.m to the Colonial Depart
ment. u to about £9O eter-
A -«SBM >n frora the ’™ rklD *
«>“#• ralid by the British admirers of
c<a« », «“• D ®" tor t he purchase of a gold
C * p '* !U „Js? testimonial for his conduct in
chronometer, chronometer has been ta
tbeK" I HU affair, f™ M d bears the
ken ctarge to Captain Ingraham of
by aonis thousand® of the
/ iU sos wbto oobUow w
rsftcniog Kozvte, the Hungarian refugee, from the
Asatrian authorities. April, 1864.” An address
written on velnm.andeueioeed in a frame of carv
ed oak, acootnpaoied the gift. The address con
cludes aa follows :
‘•ln presenting to you this testimonial, we have
a twofold object in view: Ist, to do honor to a man
of your bold and magnanimous character; 2d, that
as your conduct has been stamped with approval
by onr transatlantic brethren, we are moil deei
rous of demonstrating to them, and to other elates,
that foe same sense of justice and of right ax-sts
among the working classes of the British islands.
Trusting that identity of spirit may have the effect
of cementing: a cordial unity between the Demo
crataof the Old and NAr World, we remain, sir,
yonra fraternally." [Here follow the signatures.]
A government circular has been issued elating
thatthe Hessian Consulates in Britain will be no
longer recognised.
France. —Qan. Baragnty d’Hiliiers ha* return
ed to Ports from Constantinople. Marshal St. Ar
naud will, in the meantime, conjoin diplomatic
functions with his military command in the East.
J. Delius, of Bremen, with a party of friends,
ascended Mount Vesuvius, May 14th. Having
gone too near tha edge of the crater, the ground
gave wgy and ha foil into the abyss. His bod/
was reoovered from a ledge of rook on which it
hung.
Dxnnabx.—There has been a coup d’etat at Co
penhagen. All the opposition newspapers, (ex
cept five) are interdicted. Government prohibited
a public meeting at Bingated, to celebrate the 6th
anniversary of the oonsiitntion, at whieh an ad
dress to tbe Ring, praying for the dismissal of the
miniatry, was to nave Men proposed. We are
without reliable details of tbe movement.
LaUet Intelligence.
Liverpool, Saturday, June 3, noon.—The mail
this morning bringß several items of interest.
Tbe Vienna Post states that immediately after
the conference with tbe French and English com
manders, Omar Pasha advanced towards Bilistria
with 90,000 men in two columns; his right wing
leant on the heights near the Taban, and bis left
on tbe river Drieete. We may therefore expeot
news soon of a great battle.
Ou tbe 261 b, tbe Russians foiled in sn attwnpt
to force the passage of the Danube at Tnrna, Sim
nitza, and Giurgevo. On 80th May, they were
repulsed in an attack on one of the detatohed forts
ot Bilistria. Tbe Busaiana admit that the place
may hold out two or Ibrea weeks longer. By that
time, it will probably be relieved by Omar Pacha.
Kaleh and Foti, on the coast of Circassia, have
surrendered to Anglo French ships. The inde
pendence of Georgia has been proclaimed, and the
banished Princes will be recalled.
Belgrade letters say that the firman is signed for
Austrian occupation of Montenegro. Albania and
Bervia, it ocoasion shall demat
Pillau letters state that an retiv- b.teaade is
established at Riga.
Accounts from Athens rept - detest
to the Egyptian troops in T wsaiy. TU itu-ur
. gents took 600 prisoners, one cannon and a largo
Great cioriflestion ia made in u. Eugtbl. apers
over an exploit of tbe British seif* Ar-cga-.t <;id
Heels, which have succeeded in cutting out a mer
chant ship from under tho guns of tbe fort of Eca
nasa. Sir James Graham, In Parliament, mention
ed the circnmstanoe as “ one worthy of the bright
cut annals of British naval warfare." Tbe two
ships proceeded, one towlug the other, up a nar
row river, from the banks of which theenemy kept
up a continuous fire of musketry, which the ships
replied to with shell end grape. Arriving at the
harbor, Capt. flail, of the Hecla, landed with a
party of marines, and succeeded in carrying off a
gun os a trophy. Then taking in tow the only
merchantman that wa» afloat, he made bia way
back to the fleet, with the loss of only two men.
Prince Gortsohakoff ia recalled to Bt. Petersburg.
It is surmised he was sent on a special miaßion to
tho German Courts.
It is said that the evaenation of Lesser Walia
ohla not having stopped the action of the German
powers, as it wa» intended to do, tbe Czar has
given orders to re-occupy it. This may be well
regarded as doubtful.
In tho British Parliament it was stated that the
lonian flag, being under British protection, cannot
be ooußidored as neutral.
Tho now screw steamship City of Philadelphia,
2,400 tons, for the Liverpool and Philadelphia line,
was launched on the Clyde, on Tuesday, 28d.
Bombardment or Hangoe.
At noon, on the 20th of May, part of the Baltic
fleet, under Sir Charles Napier, anchored off the
batteries at Hangoe. The following aro the par
ticulars of tbe bombardment:
Hansoe Roads, Muy 23.—We are at this moment
under the batteries of Hangoe. Tho fleet, or at
least that portion of it now present w'th the Com
mander-in-chief, arrived here on the 20th instant,
and anchored within range (extreme) of tbe ene
my’s guns. The wulls and embrasures wore crowd
ed with the Russian soldiers, who stood at their
quarters as we approaohod. Tboy did not fire upon
us. Wo took up onr positions unmolested, and
we showed similar forbearance toward thorn. The
ships and forts thus remained Bilontly watching
each other’s movements until yesterday, whon the
programme was altered for one of a more exoiting
character.
Three insular forts protect the entrance to the
harbor, massive structures composed of huge
blocks of granite, casomated, evidently heavily
armed with guns as well as mortars.
The principal fort. calledGustavnsSyard,sweeps
the approach to tlio harbor with a long tier of gang,
tn barbette, and also from caaemato batteries be
noath. Two other fort», Moman’s Holm and Gus
tavus Adolphus, to the Eastward of tho central
fort, ruko tho entrance, and are pierced with em
brasures looking to seaward. The shoro all around
is covered with maakod batteries, raised in com
manding positions, oonoealed by trees and branch
es, and not very readily distinguished.
We all foil that wo woro about going into action
yesterday, as Iho boa's woro observed on tho pre
vious evoi.ing. from tho flag ship, sounding the dif
ferent channels, and laying down buoys, within
rango of the fortifi I cations. The marines and small
armed men woro mustered for hold service, and
overy disposition apparently made for'landing a
foroe, or hi ving a storming party in readiness to
act, as soon as the batteries were breached.
In the afternoon, the Dragon, Captain Wilcox,
was ordered to tako up a position close by a>L
island, where a buoy had boon previously laid
down. This position flanked the principal fort,
Gustavns gavard, and only two guns evidently,
out of the many that mounted tho wails, could bo
trained to bear upon hor. The vessel was now
ordored, by signal from the flag ship, to try range
of guns. She immediately opened nio. The first
shot (the experimental one) was good in direction,
but fell a little short; tho second stri ok the fort
about tho centre of the wall; the succeeding ones
commenced p'oughing up the turf forming tho
breastwork on the summit of tho walls, and send
ing the fascines and Baud bags Hying into the fort
in profusion.
After the second or third shot the fort replied.
The sh'pand the fort thus continued the engago
mept for about three and a half hours, during
which several of tho Dragon’s shells burst right
ovor the centre of the fort, and must have caused
severo loss. Two of tho sholl which struck tho
walls did considerable mischief, smashing up one
of the embrasures. The engagement was not a
rapid one ; on the oontrary, a slow and steady fire
was maintained on both sides. The Magicicnne
was orderod, somewhat later in the day, to a cor
responding position on tho opposite sido of the
small, narrow, rocky island in question, and open
od an offootivo fire upon 0110 of tho masked bat
teries on tho land side, into which sho threw
sovA-ul shells. Tho battery repliod with shell, and,
it i "bought, with red hot shot, but the Magieienno
was evidently out of range- Tho Basilisk next
joined tho group.
The Hecla, Capt. Hail, was employed in engag
ing the fort Gustavus Adolphus. Several of hei
shot and shell told with groat effect. All the Bhots
from the fort against the Hecla fell short. The
Hecla remained at her anchorage for the nigh’.
The othor steamers were recalled about half-post
four. The guns on the forts must havo been work
ed at oxtremo elevation. The fire was therefore
rather a plunging one, and but little ricochet in
consoqueuco. The Dragon alone had any casual
ties—one man killed and another wounded. She
was struck throe or four times.
A division of the fleet has been left cruising
under the orders of Admiral Corry, not tar distant.
Admiral l’lumridge is also away on dotached ser
vice. Admiral Ohadß is prosont, in tho Edinburgh.
The Arrogant and Hecla have taken a fort of four
guns and after a spirited engagement with the
Russian troops on the banks of a narrow river,
succeeded in capturing a beautiful barque, which
was the objeot of their search, and walked off with
it triumphantly beforo tho astonished gaxe of the
soldiery, whom they repulsed to a most reßpectfhl
distance. The Arrogant had one killed and ono
mortally wounded, but still living. Lieut. Read,
of the Heels, has been wounded in the eye by a
Minio ball.
Tbs Dragon also gallantly cut oat two splendid
brigs from Revol on the gist. She ran into Rovel
previous to proceeding on a reoounoitering expe
dition toward Helsingfors, when she was reoalled
by tha Lightning, and arrived this morning in
time to oxbiblt her good gunueryin t is fort in the
presence of the squadron. We have the follow
ing force present: —Dnke of Wellington, St.
George, {which joined on the 19th.) Princess
Royal, Cresay. C9»aar, Blenheim, Edinburgh.
Hogue, Austerlitz, Arrogant, Penelope, (arrived
on 19th,) lmperiouse, Mi gicionno, Dragon, Basi
lisk, Lightning, Heels, Gorgon, Tyne, (storeship.)
I think I have now given you most of the interest
ing nows.
A Russian Account —The Journal do St. Peters
burg, ot the 26th ultimo, states that on the 22d of
May the allied floots under Admiral Napier, attack
ed the advauced fortifications of Hsngoe, consist
ing of Gustafsvarn, Gustuf-Adolph and Skhans
holui.
The attacking force consisted of six steamers,
which, lor tho «paco of five hours, discharged
broadsides of heavy shot, and threw sholls of 68
and 96 pounds on the Russian works. At the end
of this time tho steamers were forced to retire, con
siderably damaged by the fire from the Russian
batteries. Tho Russian loss is stated at none killed
and eight slightly wounded. The Emperor, in
consideration of this brilliant exploit, has raised
Lieut. Col. Moller, who commanded the batteries,
to the rank of a Miqor General, and distributed
various orders, with a gratuity of ono silvor rouble
to each man engaged in the affair.
Reports from Finland are to May 15th, via
Stockholm. Wyborg bad boen declared in a state
Os siege, and great energy was displayod in
strengthening tho citadel, which is not very strong.
Hundreds of citixens were compelled to work at
tho fortifications. Fears were expressed ot a land
ing from Napier’s fleet, Wyborg being but 18 milee
distant from St. Petersburg. The srr.vst of a regi
ment of Cossacks of the Don, had added to tne
geueral excitemout. A part of the Swodo Norwe
gian fleet was to quit Eifanahbcn on the 18th, to
cruise iu the Baltic. .
Orders have arrived at Kiel to make enquiries of
the different civil authorities how many troops
could be quartered in the surrounding villages.
Tnis would seem to confirm the belief that the
French Baltic army are to proceed to Gluckstadt,
and thenco per railroad to Kiel, *n route for tho
Gulf of Fiuland.
Dbaths by Lightning. —Wo noticed some days
since the deaths, by lightning, of the wife and
daughterof Mr. W. W. Saddler, a highly respected
citixen, residing in Sumner oounty, near MUcholls
,iH„. a letter before as, from a friend at that
place, gives us the following interesting and pain
ful particulars.
On the evening ot the afflicting occurrence, a
cloud was rising, with every prospect of a heavy
rain. Mr. Saddler started to meet his children,
whom he supposed to be on their way home from
school, about a mile distant. He met them, end
the rein was coming up so fast, he turned aside
with them to his tsthcr’t house, which was nearer
titan his own. When the rain was over, he wont
with his children home. When Mr. 8. reached
borne, he found his wife and only daughter, (about
IS years old) both dead. They had been engaged
in some domestic occupation in the kitebeu. His
wife was lying on her back, with her feet near the
door; the daughter was lying by her side, with
one arm serose her mother's breast. A pail, which
had been leaned against the wall by the side of
the door, was torn into a thousand pieces. Mr*.
S.’s hair was much singed, and nearly burned off,
and her body much burned and bruised. The
daughter bad no appearance of a burn or bruise
upon her, and looked like one asleep; but bloody
water ran from her noee until she was buried—
and every pin in their clothes was either melted
or mashed fiat. A tittle boy three year* old,
asleep in the honse, was not hart, bnt was un
usually hard to arouse.
M-. S. doated upon his wife aud only daughter;
and thus, by an inscrutable dispensation ot Divine
Providence, he is, in an instant, left the bereaved
parent of four littiebovs, who have neither mother
or sister.— A'otheill* 11 'A »i?.
Corns Fever.—The copper excitement has by
no means abated in this section of country. On
the oomrery, our citfeens have been attacked with
the “ fever,” and several companies have been
formed for the purpose of entering into the min
ing bnieness upon a targe scale. Some of the gen
tlemen wbo have de’.ermied to try for a fortune a
mong the hill* of Gilmer and Fannin conntiee,
left town yesterday morning ; others will leave to
day. We hope fortune will emiie upon them, and
crown their efforts with abundant success—i)oi
ton JSenet.
Japaa Opened.
The entire success of Commodore Perry in ne
gotiating a treaty of commercial intercourse with
the Japanese, is fully confirmed by the last steamer.
Tbe aonrsapondent of tbe New York Commercial,
writing from Hong Kong under date of April 8,
gives tbe annexed particulars :
Tbe United States steam frigate Susquehanna,
Capt. Buchanan, arrived here on tbe 2d from Jed
do, which port she left on tbe 26th alt., bringing
news that the oonditione of a treaty between the
Americana and Japanese had been agreed upon
and wonld be ratified on the 27th oltimo.
The precise tenor of the treaty was not ganeraE
ly known in tbe s-jaadron, bat it is beyond doabt
that free intercourse between the two countries is
folly opened, and that two ports, with a coal de
pot and a supply of coals for the United States
steamers would be conceded to the Americana.
I am farther informed that by the above treaty,
kind treatment and an abundant supply of water
and provisions are secured to all Americana who
may visit any port of the Japanese ooast.
Theportaconceded are Simcdi. in Niphon, near
Cape Yzne, and Hakatam, on the island, and in the
Straits ot Matzmai; but it is agreed that ahonld
tha report ot the naval offioer sent to survey these
places be unsatisfactory, other porta in the same
island will be selected In their stead.
On the 27th nit., attar the treaty bad been sign
ed, Commodore Perry was to give an entertain
ment to tha four Imperial Commissioners.
The railroad and electric telegraph taken by the
squadron to Japan, were in suooMafal operation
when tie Susquehanna left.
The Japanese utterly denied having made any
treaty with, orconceeeion to, the Russian Govern
ment.
immediately after the treaty is signed, Captain
Adams will leave for America, via California, in
the Saratoga, with despatches for the American
Government.
The editor of the Commercial says:
We have seen other correspondence which con
firms the above intelligence, and adds that “tbe
utmost courtesy were shown in Japan by the offi
cials and by the people. The offioers of the squad
ron ranged freely about the oountry, the iuhabi
tents on every aide evincing great interest and ca
riosity, bat no fear, and in no instanoe disrepect.”
Also that Commodore Perry “proposed to extend
the canoed ed privilege* to other nations, but the
suggestion was negatived by the Japanese.”
This correspondence ennumeretee the following
articles as likely to be in demand for Japan :
Woolens of every description; preferable colon,
red, blue and yellow.
Hardware, including tools of all kinds, tin plates,
stores, &c.
Glassware; window, plate and cut.
Printea cottons ot floe texture and htgn color.,
carpeting ; heavy eotaon goodt, Era a, ms, otocas,
leather of bright colors, &c,
Fiom the Japabesr we can procure silver, goid,
I and copper, of nnwr.a! parity ; tea and silk—thfi
latter, however, arwofan Inferior quality.
1 Fata: .-ta ->*■ ret Ruattait JjTtnjlCrKi—The Era.
, thing learned on arrival at Japan was n oomplete
j refutation a* the Russian 'tory Drought by tha
' Vostook to Shnaphae The ttowiaue made appli
cation w raw. into a treaty with the Jspuuess, nnt
were informed by the provincial authorities tuat
they could have nothing to say to them then, as
the Emperor and the principle officers of state
were occupied in arranging a treaty with the
Americana, and could not attend to any other bu
siness ; bnt that if the Russians wonld come back
in about a year, a treaty might be entered into. The
valuable presents of the Russians also could not be
received, as the Japanese had none ready to give
ip return. This statement of the sucoeee of the
American expedition wonld have been communi
cated faithfully, we enppose, by moet other people,
for the satisfaction of the oivilized world, but the
Russians, in their report, followed their old trade,
and for a little momentary admiration, put forth a
statement, which, at the time, we valued at its
real worth.
From the China Mail, April 15th.
Full Particulars of thx Ist eh view of Commo
dore Persy with the Japanese, <feo,—The Susque
hanna arrived from Japan on the 2d, bringing the
gratifying intelligence that Commodore Perry had
sucoe idea in the objeot of his mission in a manner
that will confer honor on his country and endnring
fame on himself. The precise terms of the oom
mercial treaty had not been definitely arranged
when the Susquehanna left the Bay of Yodo, on
the 24th of March ; but enough had been done to
establish a friendly feeling between the two coun
tries. The opening of three or more ports to the
commerce of America, and the furnishing of coals
for ita steamers, may be considered as matters
settled, and Captain Adams held himself in readi
ness to proceed in the Saratoga to bear the intelli
gence to the government at Washington.
Wc are enabled to furnish our readers with a
detailed narrative of the proceedings in Japan,
from which it will bo seen that nothing could have
been better or more fortunate than the course
pursued by Commodore Perry. Indeed, we feel
pretty certain that the most skilful diplomatist in
Europe oould not have brought matters to so
speedy, pacific and successful an issue. Commo
dore Perry was known as a brave as well as ac
complished seaman, but it was thought he had
rather a propensity for fighting, which, indeed,
with such means at his disposal, and such people
to deal with as the Japanese were ignorantly pre
sumed to be, was deemed inevitable by most,
though, as our pages shew, not by every one.
Here, however, he has disappointed the world,
and perhaps not a few in his own squadron ; but
he haß done what we did not do in China, and it
was not expected any one could accomplish in
Japan—he has peacefully and amicably opened it
to the iDterooureo of his countrymen, without
firings shot or using an aogry word.
Commodore Perry, in the Susquehanna, left the
harbor of Hong Kong on the 14th of January, ac
companied by the Powhatan and the Mississippi —
the sailing vessels Vandalia, Southampton, Sup
ply, and Lexington having some time before pro
ceeded to the rendezvous at .Napakiang in Loo-
Choo, where the squadron met on the 21st of
January. Nothing of importance occurred at Loo
Choo beyond visiting the capital, Shuldi, with the
templeßand forts, and admiring, as others have
done, the picturesque and surpassingly beautiful
soeuery of the island.
The sailing vessels were despatched for Japan on
the Lst day of January, under command of Capt.
Abbot, the steamships followed on the 7th of Feb
ruary, and, along with the Bloop of war Saratoga,
from Shanghae, joining the sailing vessels in the
waters of Japan on the 12th, without aooident be
yond the temporary grounding of the Macedonian,
which was lightened and speedily got off.
The whole squadron then proceeded and an
chored in the bay of Yedo, passing the Uraga,
where last j ear the interview and the delivery of
tho President’s letter took plaoe. A few Bmall
forts, mounting ten or twelve guns each, were ob
served, but made no hostile demonstrations.
Boats were not allowed to come alongside until the
vessels had taken their st tions, and then the
government officers were directed to the Powhatan,
(to whioh the Commodore’s flag bad been remov
ed,) where they had an interview on the 18th with
the fleet, Captain Adams, to whom, after the ex
change of compliments, the Japanese stated that
in a few dayß a special high offioer would be sent
from Yedo to meet the Commodore and arrange
everything in a courteous, frank, and friendly
manner ; Tut they objected that the vessels had
come too far up, and recommended their return to
Uraga, where the Emperor desired the meeting
should be held as before ; and that point they
considered of more importance than talking about
the weather, which subject seemed to be the pit
ailer of conversation in Japan as in all the rsst of
tho world. We believe this was nearly all that
passed daring the first interview, and the deputa
tion took leave in good humor, which grew to
merriment upon Captain Adams suggesting, that
instead of returning to Uraga, perhaps a more fa
vorable anohornge might be found higher np,and
nearer the oapital, whioh would also be more con
venient for the high officers to be sent from Yedo,
us well as in accordance with the customs of other
nations.
The following day (14th) another interview was
held on board the Powhatan, when the Japanese
renewed their urgency about the meeting being
held at Uraga, where on the previous occasion
everything had passed in so amicable and pleasant
a manner, and to whioh the Commodore had said
he would return. Finding that Uraga was still
objected to, they then proposed Kamakura, where
the Macedonian had got ashore, and which they
hold to be a much more convenient place than
Kanagawa, between the present anchorage and
Yedo, as suggested by Dr. S. W. Williams. But
after much talk on the subject, the Japanese at
length left it to the Commodore to select a place
for the interview. Before takiDg leave the depu
tation said if the ships needed water or provisions,
boats would be sent with supplies ; but they were
told that, except water, nothing else was likely to
be tequired.
After mature consideration, Commodore Perry
decided to send Captain Adams in the Vandalia to
meet the Governor of the Province at Uraga.
Capt. Adams was there informed by the Governor
that everything was ready for considering the
terms of a treaty between Japan and the United
States, and if the Commodore (or, as he was
termod, the Admiral) would oome to Uraga, it
would be concluded before the going down of the
sun. It is supposed, however, that what was
here meant by a treaty was a favorable reply from
the Emperor to the President’s letter on the sub
ject. But Captain Adams reiterated that the
Commodore would not come to Uraga, where he
had found the anchorage to be indifferent, but
would meet the Japanese Commissioners at
Yokohama, off the present anchorage of the flag
ship, ten to twenty miles from Uraga. Captain
Adams rejoined the squadron on the 24th Februa
ry, and the following day the Japanese officers
visited the flag ship to settle the place of meeting
when the Commodore, amongst other things, tola
them that, having been entrusted with so many
ships, which were seventeen thousand miles from
home, he was reasonably anxious about their safety,
aud experience had proved to him that Uraga did
not offer so secure an anchorage as where they
now lay. Some discussion ensued, but finally it
was arranged that the meeting ahould be held at
Yokohama.
Eleven days afterwards the meeting took place;
and in the interval, entertainments were inter
changed by the American and Japanese officers.
At one of two given by Captain Buchanan, the
Governor of Ur ga, os we have seen in Keying
and other high Chinese officials, at once foil in
with foreign observance in toasting and speechi
fying. Captain Boonanan proposed the health of
the Emperor of Japan, which was drank stand
ing “ with all the honors,” and was acknowledged
by the Governor of Urega, who in return similiarly
proposed the health of the President of the United
States. The Japanese took their liquor* freely,
especially champagne and liquonre, greatly ad
mirirg the glassware that contained them; and
ejrprested a hop* that the time too* at hand when
they would be at liberty to vieit foreign countries in
tUamere and thipt of three matte.
It wss daring this interval that an offioer ot the
squadron approached Yedo, and if he did not ac
tually enter it, at least was near enough to judge
of iu appearance, and to ascertain, what, however,
wo believe a surveying party had done before,
that close to the shore there is five iathomß water,
so that it can be approached by large ships. The
oity is in the form of a orescent, and stands on an
extensive plain, with a magnificent background of
mountains and wooded country; but it seems to
possess no striking public buildings, while the
dwelling houses ere generally of one story, and
therefore present nothing imposing in their ap
pearance, except their vast numbers and the space
they occnpy. The population of the capital has,
however, been greatly exaggerated, for though it
is certainly great, the Japanese officers themselves
p>aoed Yedo third among the cities of the world,
London, they said, being the first, and Paris the
second.
On the Blh, the preparations were completed for
the reception of the Commodore, who, by the by,
insisted on the removal of the screen work which
extended from the shore to the hall, and which
shut out the public gate. Between 11 and 12
o’clock, the marines having been mustered by
Major Zilin, 29 beau belonging to the squadron,
manned with armed seamen, ana under commaud
of Capt. Buchanan, conveyed the cortege to the
shore, and waited tha arrival of the Commodore
and suite, consisting of Capt Adams, Dr. W il
liams the interpreter, and tha Secretary, Mr. O. H.
Perry, who landed about noon, under a saints of
17 guns trom the Macedonian, the men in the
boats landing up and the officers on shore being
uncovered. The procession then moved forward,
the hand playing “Hail Columbia” and the “Presi
deni’s Match."
On emeritg the hall, the Commedere was re
ceived by four Commissioners appointed for the
purpose. They were:
Firat—Havaahi, w.th the title of Daigaku no
Kama, or Prinoe Councillor.
Second—ldo, Prinoe of Tens-aima, (tha group
of islands lying between Corea and Japan.)
Third—ldxuma, Prince of Mimasakq (a princi
pality lying west ot Miaoo.)
Fourth—Udono, eeoond assistant of the Board
of Revenue.
The petty being seated, the flag of Japan was
run up on board the Powhatan, and saluted with
91 guns from the launches, after which another
saints of 17 guns was given to the Japanese High
Commissioner, who, through the interpreter, pre
tented bis compliments and welcome ti> the Com
modore and his officers, and particularly inquired
about the health of the former.
At a sign given, the servants in aUendance
brought in laboured stands with tea and seki,
sweetmeats, end other conserves, and placed one i
beside eech officer. The regalement seems to here c
been moch the eeme es that which in China gene
rally precedes the transaction of business with i
foreign officials ; and while it was going on there
was time to take a note of the place of meeting.
! The hall, which had been run np with mat
celerity, was about 50 feet long, 40 wide, end 1*
feet high, and surrounded with magnificent japo
nicae, some of them 80 feet in heightb, andm full
bloom. Seats and tabtea aboot two leet high, cov
ered with red cloth, extended the whole length of
the apartment. The floor waa covered with white
mate, about three ieet long by two wide: and the
plaog vag heated by highly ornamented braxiers
placed on beautiful Japan Stands. The {fillers
supporting the erection were ornamented with
purple crape, and the walls were richly adorned
with pointing of birds and flowers. The hall waa
situated aboot 500 yards from the lending pises,
end was commanded by the ehipe, which lay with
their broadsides to it. Several native artists were
present taking sketches of the strangers.
The refr shmenta being over, the Commodore
and bis personal staff were conducted by the
Japanese Commissioners into another room in the
rear, the entrance to which wee oovered with
purpls crape. The interview lasted three hours,
and, ns to the prinoipal matter, Was highly satis
factory. A very favorable answer was given to the
President’* letter, which we presume was in terms
a repetition of President Fillmore’s; and it is
stated that Commodore Ferry was folly satisfied
on mil points suggested to Urn, whioh we again
presume, were in aeeordanoe with Mr. Secretary
Webster's letter of instructions to Commodore
Aulick, accompanying the first letter to the Em
peror. A draft treaty, in English, Dutch, Chinese,
and Japanese, was pot into the hands of the Ja
panese Commissioners, who said that it wonld re
ceive doe consideration; bntthe old Emperor had
died since Commodore Perry was there last year,
and his successor was a young man, who would re
quire to oonsult his Council before giving s final
answer; and the Commodore was reminded that
the Japanese did not act with the same rapidity
as Americans did; which was thus illustrated:
Should several Japanese meet together, desiring
to visit the American ships, one wooid Bay, “ It is
a beautiful morn'iDgl” to which another wonld
add, '* Bow pleasant it is 1” Then a third wonld
remark, “ There is not then a wave to be seen
i upon the waterat length a fourth would suggest,
i “ Come, let os go and see the ships.”
That the preliminaries of e treaty would be set
( tied daring the present visit, was, however, more
than probable. Its leading provisions, it is said,
, will be tbe opening of three or more of the ports
of Japan to the commerce of the 0. 8., and eeenr
, ing supplies of coals far the steamers of that conn
try. In other respects the treaty, conolnded or
proposed, is understood to be nearly a counter
part of that with China, except it is Baid, that the
, I Japanese object to * clause admitting ali other
{ countries toibe sacne privileges as America; not
i | like tbe chine.*, from whom, and not from Sir
6 ' Henry PottiLger, as 5s generally supposed, the
privileges of the Logtisb treaty were extended to
4 i *ii foreign countries. The Japtneee would mani
e feet more sagacity, aud save ihMtmetvfs frstat in
e calculable voxel-cn, were they to determine on al
. lowing other nations to enjoy the same irnmnni
t ties as Amc.and nt other, modeling all futnre
t treaties on precisely the same terms. But nothing
s can as yet be certainly known on the subject, for
e the Sara aehannlf having been placed at the dispo
e sal of Mr. McLane, tbe Minister to China, and
. being under ordera to be in Bong Kong in the be
i ginning of April, was despatched on the morning
0 of the 84th March, the very day a conference waa
0 to have been held for the purpose of considering
0 tbe treaty.
Ab most of our readers may have forgotten the
precise tenor of President Fillmore’s letter to the
Emperor of Japan, and as it is not long we here
insert it:—
I send you, by this letter, an envoy of my own
appointment, an officer of high rank in bis coun
try, who is no missionary of religion. He goes
by my command, to bear to you my greeting and
good wishes, aud to promote friendship and com
merce between the two countries.
You know that the United States of America
now extend from sea to eea; that the greet ooun
tries of Oregon end California ere parts of the
United States; and that from these oountries,
whioh are rich in gold and silver end precious
stones, oar steamers can reach the eboree of your
happy land in less than twenty days.
Many of our ships will now pass in every year,
and eotne perhaps in every week, between Califor
nia and China. These ships must pass along the
coast of your empire; storms and winds may cause
them to be wrecked on your shores, and we ask
aud expect from your friendship and your great
ness, kindness for our men and protection for our
property. We wish that our people may be per
mitted to trade with your people, but we shall
not authorise them to break auy law of your em
pire.
Our object is a friendly commercial intercourse,
and nothing more. Yon may have productions
which we should be glad to bay, ana we have
productions which mightsuityour people.
Your empire contains a great abundance of coal;
this is an article which our steamers, in going
from California to China, must use. They would
be glad that* harbor in your empire should be ap
pointed to which coal might be brought, and
where they might always be able to purchase it.
In many other respeots commerce between your
empire and our country would be useful to both.
Let us consider well what new interests may arise
from these reoent events, which have brought our
two countries so near together, and what purposes
of friendly amity and intercourse this ought to
inspire in tho hearts of those who govern both
oountries.
Daring tbe conference on the Bth, Com. Perry
mentioned that oue of the marines had died, and
bo was desirous of having a piece of ground
pointed out where this man and any others of the
squadron that might die in Japan could be buried.
The Commissioners first suggested Nangasaki, and
next Uraga; but on both being objeotea to, a spot
near the place of meeting was fixed upon. An ac
count of tin funeral, by Captain Slack, the officer
commanding tho marines, is given in another 00l
urnn, and cannot fall to be read with interest. We
have only to add that, before the funeral took place,
the Japanese officials came on board to view the
body, for which purpose tho coffin was opened ;
and after tho burial one of them remarked that,
aoeording to the inscription on the lid, tho man was
a native ol Ireland, not of America | but the ex
? lunation that followed proved quite satisfactory,
n the course of the arrangements for the funeral,
the prudence of President Fillmore and Seoretary
Webster’s assurance on tbe subject of religion was
shown. Tbe Japanese said they had observed it
with pleasure, and quite understood tbe distinction
between Protestant and Roman Catbolios.
Before the interview broke up, the C jumodore
mentioned that he proposed to give his officer
leave to go on shore for recreation. To this no
?;roat objectio i wsb made, and we believe .hat with
n a few days afterwards several of the officers were
taking exercise on shore. The Rev. Mr. Ritlinger,
the Chaplain, made several excursions among the.
villages and corn fields, which la»t he found in
high cultivation. The houses were generally
thatched, hut those of the bettor sort were covered
with tUos, having yards end smell gardens within
enclosures.
The following day, the same gentloman, finding
the people neither unfriendly nor indisposed to re
ceive him, and having obtained leave to go on
shore, determined to visit two lergo cities some
miles off oehed Kanagawa and Kasacca, and with
that view crossed an arm of the bay, which short
ened the distance hy several miles. Ho then pro
ceeded through Kanagawa, supposed to contain
from one to two hu.idred thousand inhabitants,
and, from the immense crowds that ponred out
everywhere to see the stranger, there can be no
doubt of the population being very great. The
crowds, however, caused no inconvenience or im
pediment, for, on a wave of the hand from the Ja
panese officials who accompanied Mr. Bittinger, the
people cleared a passage ; and afterwards, a mes
senger having been sent forward for the purpose,
the people packed themselves at the sideß of the
houses, and left the centre of the streets dear for
the stranger.
He entered some of the houses, which he found
primitive in their furniture and arrangements, but
compared with other Oriental dwellings of the
same class, neat, clean and comfortable. In some
of thorn ho observed clocks of Japanese manufac
ture. He also visited several temples, Whiob,
though smaller than in China, have more gildings
on their walls and ornaments on their idols, and
generally are in etter order. The priests as well
as the people wore distinguished for their courte
sy. The cities visited were not only very exten
sive, (estimated to be six milee long) but, with
wide well formod streets. Kasaoca is from fifteen
to twonty miles distant, by land, from the ships;
and Mr. Bittinger being thus necessari y long ab
sent, some anxiety was felt about him. As he
was returning, a Japanese officer put into his
hands an order from the commodore for all officers
to return on board, and shortly afterwards, a cou
ricr mounted on asplendid black horso, delivered a
similar despatch, and flndingit was understood and
acted on, turned round and galloped back again to
report the approach of the American officer, who
concluded his journey by torchlight, and found on
his arrival that every thing that had occurred had
been notod, even the nhmber of buttons on his
coat being recorded.
Four days after the interview the presents were
interchanged, time having been required to erect
places for heir roceptioo. Those for the Empe
ror consisted of among other things: a railway
Will) steam engine; an electric telegraph; a surf
boat; a life boat; a printing press; a fine lorg
nette ; a sot of Andibon’a American Ornithology,
splendidly bound; plates of American Indi ns".
maps of different States of America; agricultural
implements, with all the modern improvements;
a piece of cloth; a bale of cotton; a stove; rifles,
pistols and swords; champagn*, cordials and
American whiskey.
And for the ..mpress, presuming there is one :
e telescope ; m lorgnette in a gilded oase ; s lady’s
toilet box, gilded ; a-scarlet velvet dress; a chang
able silk dress, flowered; a splendid robe; Au
dnbon’a illustrated works; a handsome set of
china ; a mantelpiece clook; a parlor stove; a box
of flue wines ; a box of perfumery ; a box of fancy
scaps.
Among the other present-, perhaps the one
me t valued, was a copy of Webster’s complete
Dictionary to the imperial interpreter. To the
high officers were given books, rifles, pistols,
swords, wines, cloths, maps, stoves, clocks and
oordials, the last of which they folly appreciated;
and as regards clocks, when it was proposed to
bring an engineer from shipboard to set them
agoing, the Japanese said there was no occasion for
that, as they had clockmakers in Yeddo who un
derstood them perfectly. They were curious to
know, however, about Ericssion’s caloric eogine,
of which they had heard; but from the Commo
dore, at any rate, we suspect they would not re
ceive a very favorable opinion of its piaotical
utility.
W hatever may be thought of some of the other
presents, the railway and telegraph, at which the
world at the time was disposed to laugh, were
happy hits. The rail is only about three hundred
yards in all; but being formed in circle, the car
riage can be driven at the rate of forty miles or
more. Atfiisttbe Japanese were chary of ventur
ing i ito the car, but after a single trial there was
much good humored competition for plaoee. The
telegraph much more astonished them ; but they
will speedily understand it, and may possibly by
this lime be laying down wires for themselves.
From the China Mail, April 6.
Ft NKRvi or an American Samoa.—One of the
standing opinions about the Japanese, destined to
be thrown down by Com. Perry, has been that
they were invincibly intolerant of Christianity.
Indeed, this has been generally assigned as the
main reason for their exclusiveness. To the em
blem of the crass, they still object, but the story of
the expelled Portuguese, that every Christian land
ing at Japan was required to trample on it, or on
represenu lion of the Virgin end Saviour, must, if
true, have been almost entirely confined to them
selves and their co-religionists. More recent
writers, who have been able to deny that such is
now the custom, tells us the “ practice of religious
rites is prohibited by irrevocable Japanese laws ;”
but the following narrative of the funeral of a
marine of the U. 8. squadron, shows that there is
as little foundation for the one statement as for the
other:
On the 9th es March, the day following the first
meeting between Commodore Perry and the Im
perial Commissioner from Yedo, to negotiate the
terms of a commercial treaty, a soldier’s and a
Christian burial was given to a marine, Bobert
Williams, who bad died a few days before on board
the steamer Mississippi. The party detailed for
this purpose, consisted of several officers, one es
them the Chaplain in his gown, an escort of eight
marines, in charge of a Corporal, and four marines
as bearers of the corpse Two boats left the ship,
one containing the officers, and the other the body
and escort. Cpon reaching the shore, the party
was met by several Japanese officials, ready to con
duct them to the grave. The escort landed first,
and received the body with the usual honors. The
little procession was then formed; first the escort,
followed by the music, drum and fife; next the
body borne on the shoulders of four messmates :
and then the Chaplain with the other officers, and
a few sailors from the boats bringing up the rear.
In this order, with the music playing a dead
march, the party moved to the grave, winding
througn the streets of s village a dietaries of nearly
half a mils. On either aide of the road, and on
the surrounding hills, at the foot of one of which
the grave had been made, thousands of people,
men, women, and children, oonld be seen, ell
manifesting eager igrksity to witness a sight so
entirely novel fa their land. .
I coul d not but think es we passaed
uponthefaceof a stranger from • foreign coun
try ; and yet Ahere was no undue
apparent alarm on the part of any of them—only
intense interest in observing what was pasting
before them. As we neared the grave (which oc
life, saith the Bard: be that believeth in me,
though he were deld.yetahall he live ; who_
soever liveth and believeth in me, shall never
die.” As we gathered round the gr»ve> end
reading of and touching burial
service i proceeded, the scene w» onc of nn
snal interest; for the time &nd enr
cumstancee, all conspired to make it, teen mm
dent, honorable to our abort sojourn In a land,
where for centuries, it is said the v
re’igion has been trodden under foot. The
burial service ended, the escort fired *jwte volley
over the grave. I had expected that on this there
wonld have bean soma wmmotion
crowd, bat I noticed only, *‘ jJjSSIISt!
that for a moment there wsb a slight tnovemen ,
as of surprise, and then all were again quiet and
attentive observers. . . . ... ■
HiTing now committed u>thc earth, witk all due
reiSiwtur dectesed sMpma e, tte
procession was reformed, and with «*•>«' S
front, again passed through bLch
thousands of spectatoro to oar boats on the beach.
Here we took isave of the otficials.whothrough
outthe entire ceremony bad conducted themselves
with greet piopriety, end extended tons every
oivility, and returned to the ship pleased with the
consciousness of not only having witnessed, but
assisted in giving such honors, in such a place,
to a deceased brother. w - B - “•
We take from the London Times, the following
letter, dated
United States Steam FbxbataScsouxhanna, I
Off Yokohama, Bay of Jeddo, March 84. )
You know that we sailed from HoDg Kong on
the 14th of January last. On the 81st we arrived
at Napakiang, Loochoo ; on the 7th of February
we sailed for Japan, and on Sunday, the 18th, we
anchored within twenty five miles or Jeddo,
where no foreign vessel had ever anchored before.
After a good deal of diplomacy on the part of the
Japanese, and firmness on the part of the Ameri
cans, we told them that we did not like the place
appointed for the negotiations, and wonld go
nearer to Jeddo. They assented as gracefully as
children go to bed before tbe time, and we pro
ceeded to Yokohama, off which village, within ten
miles of the Itepv-i. *c*ty, we anchored. It was
we!! foi the Imperi.. dipiomatiete that they lost
no time in agreeing *4 ieet us bore, to t the boats
which had been earvij-ng returned in the after-
I noon, and reportedVir-t the ships could go very
; near to Jeddo, which they knew and dreaded. We
I had, however, imseed tgr word to negotiate there,
1 aud »u .u*i.. ,t ffeff ffrefc- Eastern diplomacy by
keepiug it T.;o> ru;rr«iiately oousfrueted bouses
and ample accommodation on the beach, and on
the Bth ot March the Commodore landed In state to
receive the answer of the President’s letter. On
the 17th be landed again, and made tbe definite
arrangement of a treaty. Yee, Americans, your
navy has made a treaty with ti e exclusive, myste
rious Japanese, and Yankee whalers can now pur
sue their gigantic game in these well filled seas
without the fear of a hostile shore npon their lee,
and mav put into Mstama and other ports to refit
and refresh in confldonoe. The treaty was conclu
ded on the 83d, and the Priucea were to dine with
the. Commodore on board on the 87th. We sail to
day, being despatched by orders from Washing
ton, to be placed at tbe disposal ot Mr. McLane,
our new commissioner. I do not know the par
ticular* of the treaty, but it was modelled after
thatwith China. We are to have as much coal as
we want at some port which we will select, and all
hands are lo be treated with hospitality who may
land npon their shores.
As for any advantages to be immediately de
rived from oommorce with these people, I am
doubtful on that point; we saw no evidenoe of
any wants or any superfluities, but who can anti
cipate the wants whuh commerce can create, the
superfluities which she can make necessaries, snd
the unknown which she can oall into existence ?
But, if our first adventurers oome here under the
impression that the Japanese are ignorant because
they are inexperienced in commerce, they will
find themselves mistaken, for not even the China
men understand the art of making things appear
to the greatest advantage with more skill than the
Japanese. The presents of fruits and sweetmeats
were so arranged in the boxes as to appear of thrioo
the real quantity, and everything is so contrived
as to be over-estimated by all but tbe closest ob
server. On the first of March, Captain Buchanan
gave Yxaimau, the Governor of Uraga, and nine of
biß suite, a dinner on board this ship, the first
foreign dinner, perhaps, ever given in Japan.
They enjoyed themselves in perfeet confidence,
and relished our food and liquors with the taste of
gourmands. They had never tasted turkey before
and asked permission to take portions of it and of
other things on shore to show to their friends,
which they did, wrapping them np in paper,
very |muoh like Chinees Daper, leaves of which
constituted their pocket handkerchiefs. They
intuitively accommodated themselves to our
, customs, especially that of emptying tbeirglasses;
- and used tbe knives and torks with nearly as
mncli dexterity aa peraeveranoe.
| They returned thanks for our toasts, and recip
rocated them with mere than the tact of an alder
man ;as for example, Capt. Buchanan gave—“ May
the kind feelings which so happily subsist be
twoon our Japanese friends and ourselves prevail
i throughout both countries.” Governor Yzaimau
, promptly replied with thanks for the sentiment
and assurances of its reciprocity, and hopes that
1 the Americans and Japanese would soou be enabled
to visit each other’s countries. Capt. Adams pro
! posed “ The health of the Emperor, and a long
■ and happy reign.” Governor Yxaiman immediately
replied that be appreciated the oomplimont to his
i Emperor; and, filling allthe glasses himself, drank
the “ Health of the President of the U nited States,
i snd a happy Administration.” Lieut. Duer, with
a few happy remarks, proposed “The health of
Governor Yzaiman,” at which he blushed: bat
with admirable presetc* of mind, proposed the
health ot “ Commodore Perry, and all the otnoers
of the squadron.” All this passed, of course,
through the interpreters, and eaoh tovat was drank
in our manner, with alt the honors; the bnzzos
appeared to divert them very much, and they join •
ed in them with great glee. Lieut. Browh sang a
song, whioh they answered with a verse or two of
a Japanese song. I trust the difference of taste
did not make our song "cund in their ears as their
song did in curs, icr it -v»i tome like the roering
i of lions with bad quids tfc-m anything else I oan
I Un« of ■. ara . HntO', .hey aifcwod ns to
i bary h?un on ahero, ifc 1 spot, n*ar oc* of
: their aw a cometeries, irt»ir tho in rot* volioy*, »bci
the iunorai sendee by tut oh&plaio. Whet ft dif
ference between what people expected and what
oar gunt* have realized for ua! It waa abaurd to
attempt to treat with these people without a force
at command sufficient to answer, by silence alone,
all their prevarications and excuses to gain time,
which appears to be of no value to them. -They
were to have dined with the Commodore on board
the Powhattan—l mean tbe Princes who negotia
ted the treaty—on Monday, the 27th, and no doubt
had a glorious time of it. We laid down a circular
railroad, and the beautiful miniature locomotive
and car went round with great velocity and regu
larity, to the admiration of the Japanese, many of
whom made several circuits in the oar.
We also set up a mile of magnetic telegraph,
whioh succeeded in spelling Japanese sounds,
from one end to th* other, of course making them
see that it could be done, but they evidently did
not comprehend nor fully believe it.
From Texas.
The numbers of murders in different parts of the
State is getting to bo fearful. James Holt, P. M.,
at Pine Grove Post Office, was reeently shot down
in cold blood by a man named Forrest, who made
his escape. A stranger in leeble health whose
name is not known, was killed near Victoria by a
man named Owen D. Eagan. Out of ninety-four
murder cases whioh have come bofore the courts
within the last six months, it is stated ttiat Dot
one of the murderers has met with the full penalty
of the law. They have either been acquitted, found
guilty of manslaughter only, made their escape
from jail, or been pardoned hy the Governor. A
few days since, a man named Odum deliberately
shot down an unarmed German named Sorb, re
siding on Buffalo Bayou.
It is estimated that between seven and eight
thousand cattle are now on their way to California
from Texas. The Ban Antonia Texan says they
have euough left.
The celebrated Virgil A. Btewart, the capturer
and historian of the land pirate John A. Murrell,
died reoently at his residence in Wharton county.
Indian News. —Dates from El Paso to the 7th
ult., have been received at San Antonio.
The Indians continue their depredations. Mr.
Hedges, who was m route for California with a
drove of cattle, encountered a baud of 110 Indians,
between the Bio Limpia and Eagle Springs. The
Indians gave every manifestation of a friendly
feeling, and were received by Mr. Hedges and
party in like manner. Tbe Chief of the Indians
presented a letter to Mr. H. a testimonial of his
friendship towards the whites. This letter was
signed Col. Capron, Indian agent, 4k?., Ac. The
names of the Chiels were as follows : Pona, Soli
dita, Mescaleros and Marooe, who is a Lipan.
Thesr Indians wore well armed with shot guns
and rifles. During their stay it the oamp of the
Americans, (whioh was one day and a part of the
next,) they insiatadthat there should be no guard
kept around tbe cattle, and stated that they would
be responsible for all losses that might be sustain
ed, and wished to know of Mr. H. if he were not
satisfied with their letters! A beef was given to
the Indiana, and they retired, not being well satis
fied with the sufficiency of the gift, and complain
ing that the same was not enough to supply so
large a party with food.
Early tbe next morning, after the Indians left,
Mr. H. sent the best cattle ahead to Eagle Bpringe,
(the cattle being very uearly exhausted for wantol
water,) with ten men of his party in charge of
them. Upon reaohing the spring, two of the party
went ahead, with a view of reoonuoiteriug, when
the Indians, numbering eighty warriors, emerged
from the canons in which they were conoealed,
surrounding the spring, and killed the two men
who were in advance. The cattle were then driven
off instantly. , , ,
Tha number of cattle taken was one hundred
and aeventy-afx. The names of the two unfortun
ate persons killed were Ingram end McLonghlin.
The party who were with the cattle have in their
possession the most indubitable evidenoea that
they were the identical Indians who made profers
of the letters on the occasion alluded to.
The Indians were lying in weit at Eagle Springs
for the train of Messrs. Edward & Pyron, bnt they
were caught napping by these gentlemen, end
several of their namber killed. .
A Setter from Fort Chad bourne, says that e party
of Waeoe, with six horses in their possession, had
been detailed. It ia believed that they are the
murderers of the Forrester family-—”• O. Pxc.
Tanast Sbootins nt Polaski.— The Gazette of
the Bth says: “As the feat of shooting at a target
on a men’s head seems to be tbe order of the day,
some of our b’hoya have been practicing with
pistols, and one of them now offers to bet that he
cea, at a distance of thirty feet, hit an obiect throe
inches in diameter, pieced on the heed of another.
Those wishing to pnt np their ‘pile ““ it can t
be done, ere requested to cell on C. C. Little. The
shooting to take place on Saturday, the 24th
instant. Ths gentleman who proposes to shoot
the above much, shot a small siasd percussion rap
box from between the finger and the thumb of
another e few da ago.” —Sathtille Whiff.
Corrxx Minis.—We have just conversed with an
intelligent friend from the mining region, who in
forms us that the miDerai excitement is continually
increasing. Fresh discoveries are making every
few days, and be entertains no donbt that tbe
Mineral resources of Union, Lumpkin an Gilmer,
are unsurpassed by anything in either the Old or
tbe New World. We hops this msy *ll be literally
true, but we fear that there is a great deal of
exaggeration in the statements that are afloat.—
Some Oovr.
Bobbzst.—A meet daring robbery was com
mitted oo Tuesday night last from the residence
of • gentlemen in this city] We ere informed thet
the robber enured the enertmente of some of the
inmates of the family, andstole three gold welches
with eheine end trinkets ettached, valued et near
firs hundred dollars. Bow the rillian or villiaus
got into or out of the house. '* unknown. There
were no traces of a forcible enoy. and strange »
say, the robbery was so adroitiv end skilfully
committed, that although trunks' were opened,
<*>£•“ ,bont »• floor*, and port monaies
Ulched of tbeir contents in the rooms, tha sleepers
ware undisturbed, and knew nothing of the rob
bery until tha morning.—josh Stp-
A London letter says - The transport ships of
the navy having accomplished their duty, many of
them here be«n sent to join the several fleets upon
service. With the additions thus made, the ve
nom squadrons stand aa follows:
{" Si sail— lt <* thew WaamsralOM guns.
la the turine fVuil It ijftlijei »mamm lft™ r""ff
steak Anhiptlgo. U.eH-10 *
WEEKLY
AUGUSTA. GEORGIA.
WEDEEfiPAT MOBHIHO, JUEE 81,1854.
Op -Bing or Japes.
Under the impression that we could not spread
before onr readers s more agreeable repast, wa
have devoted much of onr space this morning, to
the very interesting details and incidents of the
negotiation between Commodore Pihby snd the
Japanese authorities, with which we feel assured
the reader will be highly entertained. The New
York Cmnurcial, in view of the establishment of
commercial relations between the two oountries,
remarks:
Ani how vastly superior, bow much nobler, are
such conquests snd triumphs than '.hose of the
bayonet and the cannon. Hew much more worthy
of the Government of the United States is suoh an
expedition, with suoh results, than the contem
plated quarrei with Spain as a pretext lor the ao
quiaition of Cuba. It will stand immemorially to
tbe credit of Mr. Fillmore’s administration that at
no sacrifice of human life, and by no violation of
the laws of national comity, an immense Empire
has been unaepultured. and the light of commerce,
of civilisation and of Christianity admitted into
its long sealed chambers. Aud what a future iB
opened to Japan and to the world. How mighty
events now crowd, upon os. China undergoing a
revolution, preparatory to an entire ohange of in
stitutions end policy, end her people already emi
grating by thonsendat Japan abandoning non
intercourse and opening her ports with good will
to the younges: among nations. France and En
gland in alliance, and war about to desolate tbe
whole of Europe. Other events of scarcely less
importance are already looming up in the distanco.
Verily, the world, and not this nation or that only,
is being revolutionized.
Street I’reaohino and Sunday Bion.—The City
Beoorder, in hie charge to the Grand Jnry on
Tuesday, enjoined upon them the necessity of
adopting measares to check the increasing tenden
cy to disturb the peace of tbe Lord’a D.y. There
is no doubt that assemblages such as have been
gathered for weeks past in the Park snd elsewhere
are illegal. The pretext of the permissibility of
street preaching cannot, in the legitimate iteeep •
I tance of the word, be urged in favor of continued
I utieratiou of the»e nuiaauces. There is a* frtmk
! isq. The appeals of the speakers are directly to
; the passions of their hearers, and ere intended and
I oatailated to produce fighting ami bloodshed,
l Those who accompany them go prepared to fight,
j aud blows succeed the first manifests! ian of disap
probation from any of the crowd. Tho so called
! “proaeher” is, in tael, the mouthpiece of a gang
i Os rowdies, who, thosughjuin, challenge the Irish
to a fight. The Irish are mercurial end pugnacious
enough without suoh provocation ; end we anti
cipate, unless decided preventive measures are
taken, that the authorities of the city will have to
answer one ot these days for terrible scenes of
bloodshed. New York and Brooklyn are dis
graced in the eyes of the country and of the world
by such profanation of the sanctity of the Sabbath,
and the entire respectable community will stand
by those officers who shall strive to maintain the
laws for its observance.— N. Y. Journal of Com
merce.
Tax whole North and East seems to be rapidly
hurrying into fanaticism—and under pretence of
protec.ing the liberty of conscience, speech and
religion, are running into excesses that would
disgrace a half civilized people. Scenes which the
negroeß of the South would feel degraded to par
ticipate in, are weekly enacted in New York and
Brooklyn, in the name, we suppose, of religion.
The better classes and the authorities need not hope
to escape odium, by tbe oornmon declaration that
only the rabble and depraved eDgage in them.
They, too, must share their portion of tbe general
odium, for they are, in an eminent degree, oul
pable—parties to the crime—because while affect
ing to maintain tbe right of worshipping accord
ing to the diotatea of a man’s conscience, they per
mit excesses in the street preachers, or rather fan
atics, which ere esgreat nuisances as the low grog
eries with whioh that city is infested. It is a duty
whioh they owe to themselves and to society to
suppress such harangues, and, until they do, they
cannot hope to escape guiltless.
A Southern Republic. —Among the “astound
ing disclosures” daily making by Washington let
ter-writers, we note tbe following from the cor
respondent of the New York Express:
“A distinguished Senator, for a quarter of a
century in the publio councils, is thoroughly con
vinced that the ultra Southern party ib deter
mined to obtain possession of Cuba, and after that
to separate from tho Northern States. He 1b not
an alarmist, but an experienced, cool-headed and
Bagaoious statesman, of the conservative sohool,
and a decided opponent of the fanatics of everv
section. His opinion is therefore of the highest
value, as thq conviction of s man of great shrowd
noas, of no Bectioual prejudices, ana a decided en
emy of the agitation of tbe Slavery question. This
gentleman will take an early opportunity to bring
the subject before the Senate, and with a faint
hope, that the two Senators from South Carolina
may concur with him. But of this he is by no
means confident—any more than ho is of the as
sistance of other distinguished Whigs from the
South and Southwest, who have heretofore been
uniformly ranked with the friends of the Union.”
The writer is doubtless a very credulouß crea
ture, who has drank in the marvelous creations of
some equally credulous Senator, who in his wild
fancies is always anticipating evil. And this, we
presume, is the only foundation the story has.
Washington City is full of such gossip daring tbe
session of Congress, and not anfrequently it is set
afloat la see with what avidity the letter-writers
gulp it down, and with tbe utmost despatch com
municate it to the press. Very few of the corres
pondents have accaas to reliable information, hence
their statements ere of little value.
Wx are indebtid to Mr. J. L. wore
City, for a bottle of very superior Btsokborry Cor- i
dial, for which ho has onr thank*.
The Dcmoorata of Arkansas have nominated A.
B. Greenwood and Albert Rust as their candi
dates for Representatives in the next Congress, to
be voted for in August next.
Gxobsia and Florida. —Governor Broome, Os
Florida, hss appointed Col. B. F. Whitner Com
missioner, and B. F. Whitner, Jr., Esq., Surveyor,
to meet the Commissioner and Surveyor appointed
by the Governor ofGeorgia to run the boundary
line between these States.
The Commission is to meet on the 20th of this
month.
Tbs Fnamvs Slave Law.—At Milwaukee on
the 6lh inst., one of the Judges of the Supreme
Court of Wisoonsin declared the fugitive law un
constitutional. The ease was an application for a
writ of habeas corpus to release one of the persons
(the Editor of the Free Democrat) oharged with
participating in the rescue of a fugitive not loDg
since. The United Statos Marshal, it is said, will
not obey the order of the Judge. The grounds on
which the Judge declares the case unconstitu
tional, are the following:
1. Congress has no Constitutional power to
legislate on the subject of reclaiming fugitive
slaves.
2. Nor to olothe Court Commissioners with the
power to determine the liberties of the people, aud
8. Because this aot denies the right of trial by
jo»7-
Nashville Journal ox Medicine and Surobbt.—
The June No. of this well conducted periodical is
on our table, containing its usual variety of original
and well selected matter. We have bo repeatedly
called the attention of our readera to the merits of
this work, that we deem it necessary only to Bay
that it is edited by Prof. W. K. Bowling, assisted
by Prof. Paul F. Eve, and published in Nashville,
Tenn., at $8 per annum in advance.
Bonnie’s May of Georola. —The last General
Assembly procured tbe services of Mr. W. G.
Bonner to compile a map of the State. The map
(says the New York Herald,) has just been pub
lished, and is one of the moat comprehensive and
carefully executed works of the sort that has fallen
under our notice. The railroads in operation in
Georgia are—Western and Atlantic (owned by the
State,) 189 miles; Georgia Bailroad with branches
to Athens, Washington and Warrenton,2B2; Cen
tral Bailroad, 192 : Macon and Western, 101; At
lanta end West Point, 30; B*nth Western, 70;
Waynesborc’, 52; Muscogee, 50 ; Eatonton, 21;
Milledgeviile, 17; Home, 17; East Tennessee and
Georgia, 16 ; Brunswick end Florida (200 miles cf
this railroad ia under contract,) 14—total number
of miles in operation, 1001. There are now, be
tides the above, 1,500 miles mapped and in coarse
of construction. _
We regret to learn that Mrs. Andbxw, wife of
Bishop Andrew, died in Oxford, Ga., a few days
since.
Omar Pasha has six aids-de-camp. They are all
Hungarians, and are remarkable for the speed
with which they go over the ground. They speak
French and Turkish very well. Having sunk
their Hungarian and reeeived Turkish names,
such as Osman Effendi and Habnb Effendi, they
are looked upon by the army as real Turks, and do
not come in for that share of suspicion and dis
trust that other foreigners frequently incur.
A German sculptor established in tbe ancient
city of Athens, has again discovered those celebra
ted kinds of marble—the red and green antique,
the quarries of which have been lost from time
immemorial. He has discovered tbe red antique
on the southern part of the chain of the Teygele,
end the green on the northern side of the island of
Tinos.
The Bichmaud Sn'*uirer estimates the boot and
shoe trade of Virginia at 93,000,000, (including
1500,000 at Bichmond,) of which not over 8200,-
000 is manufactured in tbe State, the balance,
amounting to sl,-00,000 coming from tbe North.
Tbe electric lines of Holland have been pnt in
communication by means of those in Belgium, with
the French, Austrian, Ticinese and Piedmontese
linee.
A Paris letter says that public experiments
which seem to have proved perfectly satisfactory,
hsve recently been made at Marseilles with a new
ly invented silk-spinning machine. The advanta
ges of this machine are, great simplicity of eon
s' ruction, economy of time and bands, a more
abnndant produce of thread, a muob leas coat,
and, above all, the facility it will give to the culti
vators to spin their cecoons themselves, eta trifling
cost, instead of being obliged to have recourse to
the spinners.
An attempt is making in Cincinnati, to raise
funds to eommenoe a settlement on the ooaat of
Africa, on land outsids of the limiu of Liberia,
purchased in the year 1850, by Mr. McMicken.
Five deaths by cholera were reported in Boston
on Monday. Tbe papers state that tbe authorities
have adopted prompt and vigorous measures to
cleanse the city.
The grant for pnbiic education in Orest Britain
and Inland, which was £BO,OOO in 18*5, has stea
dily risen to £443,078 in 1858.
Street Preaching Excitement la Brooklyn. T"
Sunday was n day of great excitement and dis
order in Brooklyn, opposite New York, growing I
out of a renowal of the streot-preaohlng riots. The j
New York Tribune of Monday sayß that the oc
currences of the past two Sabbaths In Brooklyn, |
gave reason to fear that there might be a terrible ]
riot and great loss of life, and mnoh anxioty was
folt, not only in Brooklyn, New York, and the vi- ,
cinity, but throughout the codtttry, there having
been greatly exaggerated accounts spread of tho
destruction of life on tho Snnday previous.
Preparations *or Priskrvinq Peace. —Prepara
tions were therefore made during the week, on
each an extensive scale that it would havo been
almost impossible to create anything like a riot
had there been any disposition manifested.—
Independent of the regular polioe forco, upward of
two hundred special policeman were appointed
making a foroe of about three hundred strong, in
addition ’o about one hundred sheriffs’ deputies.
The military force hoi Jiu readiness comprised
the 18th end 14th Regiments of Infantry, and a
portion of the Seventieth Regiment of cavalry.
The Seventieth Regiment, under Lieut. Col.
Graham, were quartered at the County Jail, with
the 'WiUiamsbargh Artillery, Capt. Taft, with two
Mountain howitzers.
The oivil force, under the direction of Mayor
I*mbert,was stationed at the Catherine at., aud
Bonth Ferries, at the corner of Hoyt and Atlantic
stff., and at other places where it was deemed ne
cessary.
Exports bt Bishop Locohun.—Y esterday Bishop
Longhlin visited the various Botnan Catholic Con
gregations to warn them against any demonrtrstion
against the authorities. He is reported to have
said that freedom of speech was in acoordanoe
with the institutions of this country and onght to
be and wonld be sustained by tho authorities. He
warned the oongregrtions not to interfere with any
person i i the enjoymeut of that privilege, and no
tified them of the great preparations made to on
foroe order, adding that if any of them dirogarded
his advio j and got into tho hands of tho law they
must expeot its severe punishment for thoir of
fence.
Preaching by the “Ansel Gabbiel."— About
6 o’clock in the afternoon a largo crowd began to
collect in Atlantie-st., near Hoyt, where, on a va
cant space ot ground comprising several lots, the
preachers were to hold forth. A pile of rubbish
answered for the platform, snd shortly after 5
o’clock a precession from New York, headed by
J. S. Orr. (or aa he is bettor known, the “Angel
Gabriel,”) appeared npon the ground. Orr blew
his trumpet and took hi* position, when the large
multitude gathered around him and ho proceeded
with his harangue, which was listened to rrithonf
disturbance'With tlie exoeptiou of a rush caused
by the erreetof one or two men) nntil he oonclu |
ded. He then left and was followed on his way to I
New York by those who had accompanied him j
They crossed by the South Ferry.
AttheSoctu Ferry.— When the “Angel (»u- j
briel” bad completed his harangue fie was imam- |
diately assaisied into a buggy to bn escorted to
New York. At this point an infuriated irl»hn,.;u •
undertook to resell bun, out ociug prevented
struck at random iu the crowd. Capt. Jesse Sol
lick arrested him and conducted him to the cells
at tho Firet Distriot Station. The buggy contain
ing the “Angel” and two of hiß friends was con
ducted through Pacifio, Court and Atlantic streets
to the South Ferry. A posse of twelve or four
teen spooial policemen guarded him ; an immense
orowd accompanied, and a large number of disor
derly boys ran in advance ol him, hooting, groan
ing and cheering, by which means due notice was
given to all residents to ‘ turn out” and see tho
oavaloade.
Upon arriving at the ferry gate it was nooossary
’ to wait a moment for the boat. Two Irishmen
were d.sco”ored with paving-stones in their hands
within s few feet of “the Augel,” just in the act
of throwing them. They were arrested aftor a
i Blight disturbance, and two of the apecial police
took charge of them to conduot them to tho City
Hall. When in front of Engine House No. 2 tho
1 shout of “ Roosters” was heard, and a volley of
, stones was showered upon tho police ; followed by
i a struggle for n resone, which, at the corner of
State aud Hick streets, was successful.
‘ At this moment additional police came np, head
■ ed by Capt. Selliek, and one of those engaged in
l the reaoue—a large, rough-looking man—was ar
rested. Stones were then thrown and shots wore
fired by the Irish, who attempted another roßcne :
but the special police drew their revolvers and fired
■ back. They continued firing until they had gono
, over a block. ' ,
During this melee Mr. F. Skidmore, special
polioeman, was prostrated by a stone, and his jaw
■ fraotured. An Irishman residing in 21st street,
r New York, (who is believed to be one of those
first arrested,) was Bhot in tho head—the bail graz
ing the back part of tbo skull. His wound is not
’ dangerous. It was reported that this man was Bhot
while being rescued by an Irishman who aimed at
a special polioeman.
Another man had part of bis jaw shot off.
.Neither of their names could be ascertained. It is
probable that more wero wounded. Fifteen or
twenty shots wore fired ot the same time; but it
was oonceded by the groups of Dish who remained
. on the ground afterward, that the policeman mußt
have fired upward, else ten or twelve would havo
boon killed, as the street was throngod by tho
erowd. Thoy fired to deter thoso who wore pur
\ suing and stoning them, and to show that they
[ were prepared for the worst.
Tho residents of Hieks-street were a good deal
| alarmed and excited at the sudden existonco of
oivil war in tho street, and the showers of stonos
' aud discharges of fire arms in front of thoir dwel
lings. Another man, who had aided in reecu.ng
, prisoners, was thon taken in custody, and both
. oo duotea to the City Hall.
Soon afterward a posso of lid District police,
[ who wore passing through State street from Hioks
, street to Columbia, wore assaulted with stones
and fired upon by residents in “ Blaok’s Build
, ings,” so called. There wore toward 200 Irishmen
! and boys in this attacking party, but thoy were
i put to flight and one of their number arrested.
At 9 o’clock tho streets were as quiet as usual,
the military was dismissed, and the oare of the
f city was given to tho regular police force.
Health of Nashville. —The Union , of Wednes
day, 14th inst., Bays : There were three burials at
the oity cemetery for the twenty-four hours end
ing at three o’olock yesterday, of which one was
the body of a person dying from cholera the pre
ceding day. There were no deaths in the city of
cholera for the twenty-four hours ending at three
o’clock yesterday, as we learn from the following
report from the Board of Health ;
Report of Board of Board .Health. —No deaths
from ohofera' during the 2#hours ending three
o’clock, Tuosday, June 13. Felix Robertson,
Chairman of the Board of Health.
Health of Nashville. —The Whig ofThursdsy,
the 15th, sayß: During the 24 hours ending at 8
o’clock, P. M., yesterday, there were two burials
at the City Graveyard, one of which was of oholara
—a lingering case, taken several days Bince, the
doathfrom relapse.
Health of Nashville.— During the 24 hours,
ending Saturday at 8 o’clock, P. M., there were
two burials at the City Graveyard, one of which
was of cholera.
Health of Nashville. —During the 24 hours en
ding at 8 o’clock Sunday, there were six interments
at the city bnrial gronud, two of which were of
oholera; and there were taro interments for the 24
hours ending 8 f.m. Monday, one of which was of
cholera.
Cholera in Nashville. —Two aeaths ocourod
from Cholera, in the 24 hours endiDg at 8 P. M.,
on Friday the 16th inst.
Cholera at Fatkttkville, Tenn. —This fatal
disease has been prevailing to some extent in tho
towu of Fayetteville, Lincoln county. The doaths
have been some five or six, and most of the fami
lies who cun do so are leaving town. Among
those who died are Mrs. Steele and hor daughter.
Cholera in Tennessee. —The Lincoln Journal
of tbe 15th publishes an acoonnt of the mortality
from cholera at Fayetteville. There have been
seven deaths, of whom three were white persons.
There were, besides, about a dozen peisons in the
town and surburbs under treatment. The schools
were all broken up, and the inhabitants had fled
the plaoe in a panic of fear.
The Lebanon Herald of Thursday has the fol
lowing account of tbe health of that place :
"There were two deaths from Cholera in this
place on Tuesday last, in consequence of which
the greatest excitement prevails. Tho students
have nearly all left, the operatives in the factory
havo stopped, and the citizens are leaving to such
an extent as to leave the town almost deserted.—
Humor reports several new cosos this (Wednesday)
morning. All is bustle and excitement, and it is
impossible to get a correct statement of things.—
Persons abroad may place no reliance in the exag
gerated reports that have doubtlessgono out. There
is a great deal of excitement here, but little chole
ra. There have been but two deaths, and two
only. The weather at present is clear and the at
mosphere pare. We think there will be no far
ther spread of the disease.
"Thursday morning, no now cases—no sign of
any—excitement nearly all died away—not more
than three to five hundred persons in tho place—
Lebanon as free of disease this morning as any
place in the United States. It is the cholera sea
son, however, and we advise onr citizens to be
prudent and temperate in everything.”
Choleba and Shall Pox in New York.—Tho
New York Post of Monday Bays :
By a report which appears in another column,
our readers are apprised of the prevalence of two
alarmiDg epidemics, the cholera and the small pos,
at the Quarantine on Staten Island, and that the
collector of the port has been eonftrained by the
pressing representations of the Board oi Health to
give np two large warehouses belonging to the
general government for the accommodation of the
sick. It is also pretty well ascertained, that the
cholera has prevailed, to s greater or leas extent
for more than a fortnight in the heart of onr
city, and an impression prevails that it is on the
inerease.
The Poet adds some remarks in regard to the
unhealthy influences of the prosent weather, which
are worthy of attention :
The season is particularly unfavorable to health;
the sadden changes of temperature whioh are oc
curring almost daily; the frequent rains and the
nnnsnal dampness st night, are all pathogenetic in
fluences, against which unusual precaution should
be taken. The weather in this city st present is
very like that which prevailed throughout the
West India Islands last winter, aDd caused a greater
mortality from malignant fevers and cholera than
had been experienced there before for a quarter of
a century.
Cholera in Boston. —The Boeton Courier says,
three caaea of Cholera were reported at tbe City
Hall on Monday, and two of tbe patients died.
Choleba at Babbadoeb. — Captain Lewis, of tbe
brig Adois, arrived st Philadelphia in nine days
from St. Barts, reports that a few days before
leaving that place, the news came byway of St.
Kitts that a sickness similar to the Asiatic cholera
bad made its appearance at Barbadoea and that the
day previous there were thirteen deaths among the
passengers of the Dawn steamer, (the 26th Msy.)
Mach alarm prevailed among tbe population.
The cholera bed entirely ceased at St. Nevis, and
communication! were about to be opened with St.
Kitts sud ether islands. The other windward
islands were healthy. The markets in general
were glutted with American articles, sad prices
lower than they are in the United States. Tonage
wanted, produce abundant, and freights high both
for Europe and the United States.
Sickness on the Musiaeim Boats.— Tho Wheel
ing (Va.) Intelligencer says the Atlic arrived at St.
Louis Monday from Qoaratine, where she had to
tie 48 hours, with a boat load of German emigrants
on board. There were several fatal cases of ohol
era during the trip. On the Gem, which arrived
Monday morning, there were three deaths among
her deck passengers, of whom she had 120 on
board.
Betties Aoainst Tine.— The challenge of Mr.
Tenbrook to ran one of his horses against the time
made by Lecomte st New Orleans—four miles in
7:26—for SIO,OOO hss been accepted by Col. Greeu
and Capt. Belcher. The affair will most probably
oome off on Long Island, N. Y.
“A Howland lor an Oliver.”
Tn* degrading servility. Os tha Wasbingou
Unity* is well trad,truly oxpYesscJ in the following*
paragraph rom tho National hUlXigencer. The
Union has had tho cool impadenco to charge tho In
teUiftruer with wearing “two laoes” on the Nebras
ka question. If the editor has any dense of shame
he must have felt deeply when he read the InUlli
jr«ic«r « retort. What a thorough contempt every
>g • minded and honorablo man feols lor saoh n
journal and such an editor-a oreatare eo servile, us
to do ovor ready “to crook tho pregnant hinges Os
theknoo that thrift may follow fawning.” Wceure
not what may boa man’s political reutlmcnts. if he
be a high-toned,honorablo n.uu, ho cannot bSt re
gard saoh a press and editor with loathing and
disgust. But say aome.thoyonly reUeetthoview,
of tho Administration. What a compliment is
thus paid the miserable apology for au Adm'mis
tration—an Ex eutivo and Cabinet representing
all sorts of opinions, and whose loftiest ambition
is, and ha.i beon to build up a party, without re
gard to principles or measures.
It is euoh journals as the Washington Union
that bring disgruco upon tho journalism of the
country, and deprive the press of its legitimate
power and influence tor good. What intelligent
man, wo ask, alter this expose of tho Union's
directly opposite position* on this question,
oould or would bellevo any statements it would
make in reforenoe to the Administration, or ol its
measures, unless mado by authority I None.
Thero is m man who would give it credenoo, nor
does a journal so servio merit it.
While we appreciate the point and foroe, not
less than tho justness of tho Inielligtnotr's retort,
wo nevertheless dissent entirely from its position
on this question, although wo confess to an admi
ration of its manliness in frauljjy and oponly
Btatingand maintaining its viows. Wc always ad
mire »man who has the manliness to form his
own opinions and the independence to avow them,
while wo equally loathe and detest a creature who
does not aspire to a higher position than to bo the
mere echo of tin views and sentiments of another:
“ It was iinpoJniblo not to commiserate tho oni
barrassmout of the Union when it found itseli
obllgod to turn bo sharp a corner on the Nobruskn
bill. The readers of that model organ well ro
mmu’.or, no don’ !, hi w tlereoly it assailed the
repeal of the Missouri Compromise when tho
movement was first introduced in the Senate, and
wi. wh»t a disciplined proniptiludo it face ' about
when it was ilisi overc.. to bo an “ Administration,
nu asure,” and tfa‘ iu dauounoing tho proposition
it had spoken. VttiUout tho card. The first step
w’rs creditable to the honoruble impulses of tho
Union; it- soooud we were disposed to exonso ns
til result cl an im . .Table political nooomlty;
uuu, MitHeiutp, wuiiu me public, including many
irreverent Damocruts, were making morrjl ut the
alacrity with which the Union changed trout on
the question, we could but pity the painfulnoso of
its position, and abstained from any remark on it
until compelled in self defence to do bo. It is ail
old saying that one renegade is worso tliau leu
Turks; and, in verification of the adage, the
Union, after its own conversion, became, of all its
coadjutors in support of iho Nobruski bill, the
most iutoloraut and proaoriptivo.”
Franklin College.
What moans tno following vory vague, though
insinuating artiolo whioli wo find in tho Savannah
Republican ? The Editor says: “ Tho writer is a
gentleman of position and attainments.” If so,
ho owes it to himself not loss than tho Collcgo and
the Stato to speak his complaints out boldly, to tho
end that they be remedied, not attempt to stab the
institution, and through it tho Faculty, by insinu
ation. Such is uottho ooui se of an honorablo man.
If thero aro unfit and unworthy members of the
Faoulty, lot tho facts and parties bo known.
Fkanllin College.— Various reports have beon
circulating of late,with regard to thisCollogo,which
should they be confirmed, will materially effect the
character aud prosperity of the Institution. Some
details which havoeome to our ears, concerning the
sudden abdication of sevoral officers within tho
last five years, have created iu us a suepioion that
all things are not as they should bo In the menngo
meat of tho College; and several piocea of infer
mation which wo received a ithin the last months,
are only too much calculated to strengthen the con
viction that “something is rottou in the Stato of
Denmark.” Wo see that two vacant professor
ships are advertised, and wo hear it surmised that
several others may shortly become vucant, aud from
all we are able to gather on the subject, wo aro
compelled to infer that there is a certain dnspotio
and narrow mindod influence at work, tending to
create a growing feeling of dissatisfaction amongst
some of tho professors, which inakoß them inclin
ed to give up their positions as soon as u chance
offers somewhere olse. As tho number of such
chances is, of course, in direct proportion their re
putation for ability, wo liavo reason to fear that
those who remain tho most faithful aro not exactly
the most valuable. The list of tho Faculty contains
now sevoral names of an oßtablished scientific and
literary reputation; wo urdoutly wish thoy may long
continue to grace the College, but wo can ooncoivo
that no man of spirit and worth (aud such wo wish
our professors to be) will submit to act against tho
dignity of bis self respect and his own conscien
tious viows of tho interests of the Institution. We
vory much suspect that there is too large a combi
nation of powers conferred upon one head, which
has not a proportionate amount of good will and
ability to mako tho right uso of thorn.
We give the Board of Trustees—which boasts
among its members some of tbo most distinguished
men of our Stuto—all eroditfor the best intentions,
and, iu fact, we know from personal acquaintance,
the deep interests many of iliem lake in tbeeaiiso
of public education; but it is usoless for them to
meet ones or twice a year and pass resolutions for
the improvement and reform of the college with
out Boeing that theso resolutions are faithfully exe
cuted. And it is rnoro than useless to expect any
zeal in the r oxceution from those who look upon
every proposed improvement as an indirect re
flection upon their own antiquated inefficiency.
We mast content ourselves, lor tho present,
with throwing out those hints, which, however,
will be sufficiently intelligible to those most con
cerned. Tho time will shortly como when wo shall
speak more oponly. Wo ro glad to leant thut
vigorous preparations are being made to bring this
and other matters connected wit 1 ' it before tho
Bouraof Trustees at ihoDnext mealing, and wo
confidently hope thoy will bestow upon them that
serious attention which tho gravity of tho caao de
mands, in order that wo may at last see tho i b
stacies removed which have so long prevented our
8 ate i. ollogo from attaining to tho prominent
position claimed for it by tho proud appel oatlou of
“ tho Uni vend y of Georgia.” Amious.
An Ex-Postmabtebon the Po3lmasteb Genebal. -
A. G. Bubke, late Postmaster at Bollowb Falls, Vt.,
and editor of the Democratic paper there, address
ob a pungent letlor to the I'ostmastor General, on
tho subjeot of his < emoval from the offioo of Doputy
Postmaster at Bellows Falls, to which he was ap
pointed eight months ago. Ho thinks it is customa
ry with the houds of departments, before removing
their own appointees, to notify them of their of
fence, and give them at least a semblance of chance
to bo heard—a custom which w s wholly disre
garded in his ease. lie docß not seem to be igno
rant of tho cause of his removal, liowover, as lio
says:
“The peculiar stripe of my democracy is distaste •
ful to you, or in parly language, the consistency
of my political shell was not soft enough to receive
the impression you doslrod to givo it. You de
sired to muko mo useful as the editor of a demo
cratic newspaper, to stamp a peculiar color of opin
ion upon the roadors of the puper of which 1 hud
the editorial charge. My offenco consisted in not
accepting your dictation through the pretended
agent of tho Cabinet in this State. It matters not
what may have been tho subject of this dictation,
It was simply oontemptible in any light, and the
more so when, aa in this ease, a Cabinet officer has
intorferred in State politics and attempted to give
tone to more local opinion. I confesi that 1 ex
pressed my opinion with n full knowledge of the
consequences, for I had sufficient knowledge of
your character to plaoe considerable confidence in
the intimation of your agent, to the effect that the
department would not allow even a petty podoffleo
to remain in tho hands of one who dared to do
cluro his adherence to tho National Democracy.”
Tub Pan-Hancle KAtLBOAD.— This road, the
right of way for which has been more than oneo
asked and refused by the Legisture of Virginia,
has been made, independent of permission from
Ihe Legislature. Tho last Wollsburg Herald says:
“The rails are now down for tho ontire length of
tho Pan Ilandlo railroad in Virginia, xtondirig
from the Ohio river to the Pennsylvania line, and
the loci motive daily traverses it without lot or hiti
derance. On the Pennsylvania portion operations
are in autale of lorwardnols.”
A number of Southern Senators are said to have
declared that they would opposo any treaty for the
settlement of the Fishery question, or for the es
tablishment of reciprocal trade with Canada, unless
it shall contain a clause for the surrender oi fugi
tive slaves.
The Society of Friends in Pennsylvania, Now
York, New England, Micbigun and Canada, pro
pose to establish a “free cotton factory,” and use
nothing but the products of free labor. How is
the cotton to be grown I
Tna Russians in the I’acteio. —The Valparaiso
Herald, nnder date of Maroh 15th, reports the
Eossian frigate Diana, of 52 gnne as being in tba
port, and the Aurora, of tho same flag, as daily
expected there. The B-ssian transport Sitka, of
seven hundred tone, and mounting twelve guns
had previously left Valparaiso for Bussiau America.
From those preparations it is evident that the
Bussiau colonies on the northwest coast of this
continent are not to be left in so exposed and de
fenceless a condition as has been expected.
Cholbba.— The Liberty (Mo.) Tribune, of the 20th
inet., says the cholera made its appearance in Bieh
fleldthe past.week. On Tuesday last aovon persons
died, and other cases existed. This is tearful
moitality for a small place. On the Ist, the health
of the town was reported better, and but one dan
gerous case. The disease also seems on the in
crease at other points. Eight cases appeared at
Gallatin, Tenn., on the 81st.; two fatal oases have
oconrred at Kanawha Salines, and one at Long
Bottom, Kanawha county, Va.
Emiobants roBTBiWBT. —The Chicago corres
pondent of tho New York Evening Post, in a let
ter dated Juno 6tb, states that a few dayß previous
ii | company of six hundred Ohio emigrants start
ed for Nebraska. There is a considerable of a tide
setting that way from this quarter. Most of tho
parties now going ont are preliminary surveying
parties,but they will be followed by an unprecedent
ed flow of emigration as soon aB there can be any
titles secured to the lands.”
Last week 700 Germans passed through Cincin
nati for Oregon, and seven hundred and thirty for
Nebraska. Minieota is filling up with unparalleled
rapidity. The roads leading to it through Iwoaand
Wisoounain, it is said, are literally crowded with
teams and stock belonging to immigrants.
The growing wheat crops throughout tho Union
are represented to be unusually promising. Every
where in the North and West, there is an increas
ed breadth of land under wheat—say 80 per cent,
—and the prospect is, that the yield in Ohio, Ken
tucky, Indiana, Illinois, and other Western States,
will be 20 to 25 per cent, greater than that of last
year, in spite of the fly, the rust, and the hard
winter.
A Valdabl* Cow.—The West Chester (Pa.) Her
ald says, Mr. Daniel Miles, of East Marlborough,
Chester county, has a cow 7 years old. of 4% ewt.,
which, from week’s milking, produced 16 lbs, of
marketable butter. Her yield of milk is 4j pounds
per day. The pasture was ordinary, and no extra
feed. The cow is a native Pennsylvanian.
■ -
Thu Earthquake at han Salvador.
The following thrilling aocoont of the late earth
quake (a brief notice vt which we publlehed,) at
ban Ui.lvudor, copied from the Salvador “Baffin,”
will bo read with interest. Sau Salvador was the
capital ol the Slate of the same name, and during
the confederation was also the capital of the Cen
tral American States. The earthquake was one of
the most remarks.lo ol modern limes:
“The night ol tho 16th April, 1854, will ever be
onnof t'ld and hitter memory for the people of
Sen Salvador. On that unfortunate night our
happy Slid beautiful capital was made a heap of
ruMs. MovomouUof tho earth werofoltou the
mo:aing of Holy Thursday, preceded by sounda
like :lio rolling of heavy arulhry over pavements,
and iika dieiaui thunder. Tho poopie were a little
alarmed in consequence of this phenomenon, bat
it did not prevent them from mooting In the
chaioboSte celebrate tbo solemnities of the day.
On Saturday all was quiet, and confidence was re
* Biorud. Tke' pciiplo of the neighborhood assem
bled, ns usual, to eolubrato tbo Passovor. The
night of Saturday was trauqull, as was also the
whole of Sunday. The heat, It is true, was con
siderable but lbs atmospheio was calm and **-
rcuo. For the first three hours of the evening
nothing unusual oocurrcd; but at half past nine a
severe shock of au earthquake, ooourring without
the usual preliminary noises, a’armcd the whole
city. Many families left their houiee and made
eneampniouts In the publio squares, while other*
prepared to pass the night iu their respective oourt
yard*.
finally, at ten miuutucs to eleven, without pre
monition of any kind, the oartn began to heave
and tremble with seen fearful foroe than In ten
sooouds tho entire city was proatroiod. The crash
ing of houses and churches stunned the ears of
tho torrifled inhabitants, while a cloud of dust
from the luffing ruins onvoloped them in a pall of
impouctrable darkness. Not a drop of water could
ho got to relieve tho half chokud aud suffocating,
for the wells and fountuina wero filled up or made
dry. Tho clock tower of tho cathedral carried*
great gjnrl of the edifice with it in its fall. The
towers ol the ohureh of Sun W-ancisco crushed the
Episcopal Oratory and a part of tho palace. The
church of Santo Domingo was buried beneath Ut
towers, and the college ol the Assumption was en
tirely ruinod. Tho new uud bountiful edifice of
tho University was demolished. The church of
tho Merced separated in tho centre, and its well*
fell outward to tho grouud. Ol the private hoeeee
a few wero left standing, but all wero rendered
uninhabitable. It is worthy of remark that the
walls loft stiiuding are old ones; all those of mod
em construction have fallen. Tho publio edifices
of the gpvornmout atidgjily shared the oommon
destruction.
Tho devastation was effected, as we have said,
in tho first ten second:;; tor although the succeed
ing shocks were tremendous and accompanied by
fearful rumbling*beneath our feet, thoy had com
petitively trifling results, for tho reason that lb*
first had left but little for their ravages.
Solemn and terrible was tho picture presented
on tho dark 1 funereal night, of a whole people
clu tering in the p'azis, and oil their knees crying
with loud voices to Heaven for mercy, or in agoni
zing accents calling for their chlldreu and friends,
which they believed to be burled beneath the
ruins 1 A hoaven oprqno and ommous; a move
mint of the earth rapid and unequal, oausing a
terror iudoro ibublc; an intense sulphurous odor
filling tho atmosphere,.and iudioutiug an eruption
of too volcano; st[oola*filled with runs or over
hung If threatening walk; u suffocating cloud of
dustalmoa: rendering respirutiouim possible. Suoh
wcb thospoclablo presented by the unhappy oily
oil thut mcmorablo and uaful night 1
A hundred boys were shut op in the college,
muuy invalids crowded the hospitals, uud tho bar
rucks wero full of soldiers. Thu sense of theoa
i tustropbc which must have bolullen them, gave
, poignancy to tho first moments of reflection after
tho earthquake was over. It was believed that at
! least a fourlh part of tho inhabitants had been
‘ buried buucath the ruins. The members of the
i government, liowover, hastoued to ascertain as fsr
, us practicable tho extern of the eatustropho, and
to quiet the public mind. It was fouud that the
loss of life hud been much lessthun was supposed,
. and it now appears probable that the number of
j tho killed will not exceed one hundred, and of
wounded fifty. Among tho Isttor is the Bishop,
who recoivod u sovero blow on tho head; the late
1 President, SenorDuonaa; a daughter of the Preei
-1 dent, uud tho wife ol the Secretary of the Legisla
> ttvo Übuiubora—the latter severely.
> Fortunately, the curlhquuko has not. been fol
> lowud by ruins, which gives an opportunity to dis
inter tho public archives, us alro many of the
I valuables eonlainod in tho dwellings ol tho olti
zone.
Tito movements of the earth still oontinue, with
i strong shocks, and Ibe people fearing a general
swallowing up ol tho situ of tbo city, or thut It may
f bo buried under somo sudden oruptioD of the
volcano, aro hastening uwuy, taking with them
1 their household gods, tho swoet memories of tbeir
1 infancy, and thoir domestic animals, perhaps the
> ouly properly left lor the support of their families,
: exclaiming witb Virgil, “At* patriae fines tt duleia
1 linfuimus area."
1 The following Proclamation was issued by the
, Free! iont of tbo Stale, after the terrible calamity :
I PBOOEAHATTON.
The I’/esident of the Stitt of Salvador to tht
Inhabitants.
, Fellow Citizens:— l speak to you amid tha
ruins of our bouulilul capital, uuder the weight of
the heavy disaster which overtook us ou the fatal
; night of Sunday, the 16th of April. A fearful
ourthquako destroyed, in tho briof spaoo of ten
; scoonds, ull tire buildings of ’ho city, plunged an
infinite number of lumilics in misery, aud has
driven thorn übroad to seek a shelter elsewhere.
Comprehending tho full oxtent of the calamity
winch lias bel'alb n tho poopie of the oily, the Gov
ernment cun only oiler a consolation that it will
neglect no moans to secure such properly as has
boon savod from tho ruius uud to maintain publio
| tranquillity aud on er. In doing this, they not
only rely upon tho eo-opentionof tho people re
-1 sidiug near tho capital, but depend upon tnem to
’ neglect no moans of affording relief to the suffer
ers. Tho Government relies upon the general
patriotism aud public sprit to givo effloionoy to
tho measure- which will be fatten to build up
anew the city of ISau Salvador, in some plaoe of
fering boiler conditions than tbo present site,and
which will bo less subject to the devastations of
earthquakes. I invoke tho All-powerful to lend
His d.viuo aid to this consummation, and influenoe
tho minds of the poopie of the capital that they
shall not disporso In snoh a manner as to make
ihcir now concentration impossible.
I shall loso no time in dispatching commission
ers to oxamino and report upon the localities *
whereon to found the new city, nor delay iu oom
muuicaliug tho result to the public, so that they
may again unite as friends in that happy brother
hood in which thoy have hitherto lived and pros
pered. To this end it bohooveß all to soek for pe
cuniary and other aid, alike within and without
tho Stuto; and, above all, it is becoming in them
to submit willi bumble resignation to the inscru
table visitations of him who disposes of Ihe earth
and its people according lo His own wise designs.
The calamity which weighs npon this people is
heavy; death threatened them in its most tcrriblo
form, when the earth opened its depths is it to
bury them in its unknown abyss; but our com
mon Father has preserved us, aud required from
us the fortitude of men aud the resignation of
Christians.
People of tho Departments 1 This Iu s time fbr
you to extend a protecting hand to your brethren
of Sau Salvador, who are driven forth bslplem,
with no covering lo thoir heads and without s
pieco of bread to give to their children t Wo op
portunity oould Do more appropriate tbsa the pre
sent for you to exorcise thooheriiy of Ibe Christian
and tho sacred offices of humunitj. Tlx»« whom
the linger of Providetico hasspured owes debt to
Heaveuiu alleviating tbo sufferings of those upon
I whom his frown has fallen.
Poopie of Salvador 1 In common with my fallow-
C'tizous, I liavo lost all, and am obliged, at tbs
houd of a numerous family, lo leave the beloved
oity of my homo and seek au asylum elsewhere;
1 but 1 pray to Heaven to keen mu trom murmnr
’ ing, and feel gruleliil to tho Almighty that be has
preserved my hie uud the lives of those whom I
' hold more precious than my own I
1 0111 core of Iho State, ol every grade I F'rgrt
[ not thut the public servants huve now devolved
upon them now, heavy, and imperious du iesj
Hositalo at no saorillos in dlielmr/h g your oblige
-1 lions; maintain your polls at every oust and
! hazard; show that in adversity, as in prosperity.
’ you aro tho faithful ministers of tho law; aud
provo to tho world that modorn egos can parallel
antiquity in heroic deeds I
Jose Mabia San Maßtin.
Kuins or San Salvadob, Apiil 18,1854.
• Tho ruined city of Sun Salvador Is situated on a
plain 2,116 fo6t above the level of the sea, in the
midst ofu mountain range studded with volcanoes,
and iibout twenty two miles from the port of Ist
Libortud, on tho Pacific coast. Its population la
the your 1862 was c»timated at 25,000 and at the
time of this calamity was probably 80,000. San
Salvudor hassulforid greutly in past times trom
earthquakes. Sovero ones are recorded »s having
occurred in Iho years 1676, 1698, 1626, 1666, ana
1783. Another occurred in 1888, and Ihe volcano
has sovcral timos threatened general devastation.—
Commercial Ado.
During tho year, ending June 80, 1868, there
arrived at Gloucester from foreign ports 24 Ameri
can vessel.:, and 133 foreign vessels. Total num
ber of arrivals f rom foreign ports 207. Those ves
sels brought cargoes of molasses, sugar, coffee, co
coa, salt, ooul, wood lumber, &0., &c. in the same
timo 204 vosscls clean.i for foreign ports. Gloa
coster owns nearly 81,000 tons of shipping, being
600 tons more than tha port cf Salem, and 6000
tons more than Porlsmout I ', N. H. Fifty-one ves
sels wero built last year, being more in comber
than in uny district in New.|Engl*nd, except
Wukloboro’, Bath and Boston. (The vessels built
at Gloucester averaged a little more than 80 tons
each. The present season will /nhjs a great in
crease of tonn go built in that qi street. Newbury
port aud Boston aro the only places that exceed
Gloucester in amount of tonnage built last year.
A liquor dealer In Cleveland, Ohio, was fined
on Friday S6O and costs of suit, $lO for persisting
in selling liquor to s little girl to be drank by her
mother. Tho trial developed, as may be ima
gined, a painful scone of woe aud sadness.
It Is said that s French gentleman has discover
ed a manner of making a mortar perfectly resistant
to air, wator, and even to salt water of the ooaan.
This mortar, shaped, is in every respeot compara
ble to cut stone. It is homogenous, and imper
meable, and consequently, inatlaokuble by air and
water. 11 may be employed in all parte of a balld
ing, and Is alone sufficient for oonstruotlona of
every kind, with an economy of 30 per cent., as
com par ;d with common mortar. It is perfect for
facing wells and defending them from the action
of moisture, either of bouses or sub marine con
struction.
With a view to tho encouragement of steam
communication, the oolony of Brito h Guiana, is
offering a sum 'of £B,OOO to support a line of
steamers, under certain conditions, between the
oolony sud Greet Britain, and £2,000 to support
another steam line of commnnioatioti with the U.
States.
The following account of an ocoarrenoe which
took placo iu Hamburg is oApied from a recent
number of the London Dispatch:
“At noon, jui-t as the Exchange, crowded with
merchants presented its busiest aspect, two drum
mers in the civio uniform came up, rolled their
drums for the spocoof ten minutes, causing a great
commotion both within and wilhoat the Boon*.
While this was going ou, workmen were seen over
the prinoi .al gateway of the building, elevating a
blackboard, ou which was painted in white letters,
the name of a merchant of the city who bad lately
suspended payment and absconded witb all his a*-
sots. \V ben the name had been fairly set up, a
bell called the “ shandglocke,” or the shsme bell,
ouly rang on s.oh occasions, was sounded for two
hours from a tower of the Bourse. This penalty
of disgrace, called the “ execution of a fraudulent
bankrupt, ’’ ordained by a law which can be traced
to tho fourteenth century, when the Hanseatio
league was at the height of i’s grsatnesa. At that
period, however, the bankrupt’s patent of citiien
ship and his certificate as a merchant were also
burnt by the hangman.
Mr. Borland will, it is said, probably an tha Stth
of tho month, set out ou bis return to Nicaragua
His resignation is recalled, and bis prr j««U of fill!,
blistering Mosquito into Nicaragua aud Nicaragua
nto this Union, temporarily abandoned. H* will
take with him the Commercial Convention which
bus been made by Mr. Beolen with Br. Msroolette,
with iuetruoUona to prooure it* ratification, '