Newspaper Page Text
BY WM. S. JONES.
( HKOMTIj: & SENTINEL.
“ ' ' TEAMS, &C.
I II L WEEKLY
I, P«bli*h<-d Hurry Wednesday
Ai’ TWO DOLLAR 3 PER ANNUM
If paid strictly in advance.
/>■ >o7' l-.UU /A AOYAUCX,
THaSa DOLLARS PER YEAK
f\> < LCB» INDIVIDUALS sending u» Ton
p., n SIN oj>i‘ -us U-' paper will be seiit fb. ene
jetr *!iu# fur ialiiug the paper at the rate of
SI A COPIES roa TEW DOLLARS,
, ar ee copy to ail wiio mar pne are ru Five *mb
-cr.bor*, and forward ns tb* money
ta a caaoNicLE & sentinel
lIIILT TKMVEBRLV,
Are alao polmrOed at Ui» office, and mailed tr> nub
•crib-;r» a' tie foiiowing rfttes. namely:
r if aunt by mail, peranaam.
Tai Wirin I'amsk o
Tern!. of Advertl.iii*.
IHI IVitiir - Seventy-tire eenla per square
1 i line, or l«*> be the fn »t insertion, end fifty rente
or encn subsequent iiiaeilKMi.
A.C56! THB 1836!
sot THKKIS CULTIVATOR,
A .MONTHLY JOIU.NAL,
DEVJIKO EXeLPAIVELT iOTU£ IMPJWVEMXNI OF
mWnf, Agriculture, Horticulture, Stock Breeding.
FouUry, Bfimrrai Fnrm Bcorionty, 6(C
iroßtrnted with Wumerons ~Eleg*nt Engraving*.
ONE POIXAtTX VLAH IN ADVANCE.
I).. : 1 1;T LF‘. vs I”m> I>. K EDMOND, Eonoiu.
T i Volume will commence
January, 1856.
•r Cv tTIVATOK id A o-. jiv o of thirty two p -Kgvn,
• ,'nw * • «’iip as Wt pipfr iu the year. It conta n, a
; , Vl ,jr auioi.ut of riding uiitu.-r thau any Agri
itn. ii Jo iriia. of tl*#; .South—embracing, In &dditi<>u to
~ i th*> '■iirrpnt agrirtilntr*! topic* of the day,
v aluable original contributions
ip,,,, twy of ;;.t- u*o*t intelligent and practical Planer*,
r ■ and nortiealtariittfl in every i**rtion of the South
uv.d f?*«o»wc*t.
TKRMS:
«>*s*r Coi-T, I roar .$1 | 25 C'oriE*, 1 year €sJO
(•it r PIE. 1 .S| too “ 1 “ ... 75
THE t • S} >f t•< a-ill be rigidly adhered to, and In
wiH iV- be sent unless the money ac
mpanl** tt>* order The Bill* of all specie-paying
t>. >»A- r•. .1 at par AJI money remitted by mail,
,v ;lib • at the rink of tne publisher*
Adrcrtbeuients
•r»..M t* dat One Itm.r.Afl per square of twelve Hue*.
A . ut, non Lite fituue, per annum. TEN DO! r.AKs.
\VII. S. .IONF.S, Aukuhlu, i h.
■<r Per«»r;N uho will net a» Agents, and obtain Sub
f r »« d will Imj f iirni“hed with the paper at Club prices.
FOR SALE.
ro*T SALE
a NOW f»flfer f.rr saleniy entire River PLANTATION,
I "r ... jit ,i -with »f Coluiubiu, Oa.. in Barbour
bounty, Al.a . "n th. J. k ttihoochee river, contain
,. r -j'g(„ •• cultivatii.o and
, ■ .Cl rwpi. A 1 1 Water tiln and Ferry arro, the
(•i. .irab«w>choe river Tin* above will bo for sale in any
» .i« mil m»UI and given. 'J‘enun to anil pur
.h.-wr* ( a..:Mf) MATTHEW AYEHKTT.
TO MEW or TASTE AND CAPITAL
I' SIl: *uil>»« , rii)-T, v;i.-hing to remova to Southwestern
fDnreta. jifop ih' toneH hD plane near Cave Spring,
n Vann'* \ ;t.ky Floyd oomity, Oa., containing ttl7
. • ; relumed 1»t quality oak amt hi* kory
• mwUy *»f *>il and Murfaee not to wash; *<*mo IfiO aero*
vi< ;vr.-:t ind nn«ler K‘»od Ullage ; the remainder generally
\ oil tuijOvred It has several spring* of cool blue Lime*
water, tw * instant streams, an effective water
j, without 'Laming, orchar<lnof many well selected
vnr'.utii.*, <*q c-umly of apple*, aud a large and commodi-
H •* k Dwelling, •■nrronnded by tine scenery, and
within « mile of the v Ulago, long noted for iu educational
advantage* Ail who have examined the premises, oon
r in the <>potion that Ibl- place combines the elements
it- may. Futility, i;oaw>ui« a*'e and healthfidncss to an
’-xt' Ut »«• tom, it over, equalled in this country But
come aii J see for yourselves, ami the character, location
and ro. -itrces of the plucc* can hardly fill! to satisfy yon
font Ii aNo 1 article, not subject to the fluctuations
of tin? market. For form*. apply «h» the premises.
w. n cowimKT
*' ivo Sp: iotr. July Ml, 185#. Jyl3 wtf
Ghuat Accession to the Oeoigia La; d
OFFICE, AT AUGUSTA.
500,000 A CUES OF LAND
f ML attention of Northern and Southern
Jk OnpiiaJisU is called to the largo quantity of valuable
Land now for f ;a •* *i our office on commission. These
Landa are located in the counties of Baker, Randolph,
Ot iinr Early, Low ml. «s, Lee, Thomas, Clinch, Ware,
W■. ik;. Appling, t iiffe** Charlton, Irwin. Worth, Dooly,
H . t.m Wilkinson, Miller Colquitt, Hall, Fulton, Hah
eraltam, Kahnn Coluudiia. Folk. Paulding, Carroll. Mus
cogue, Mai .on, <1 a nuic it, Chattahoochee, Cass, Mt ri
we-hcr, Taylor. Macon. Laurens, Stewart, Lompkin,
Sumter, Fatium. Futon, Gilmer, Murray, Floyd, Chat
tooga Cobh, < i.mokee, Forsyth, Whitfield, Walker,
Dad. IXK»U*. t '.»w#ta. ll* ard' Telfair, Campbell. Mont
gomery and Mvrivsn, which has more diversity of soil,
. lih.i* kna products, and uu*r«» railroad facilities, than the
U: .|, of m.j mtier Stale in the Union.
We iv to the planters and farmers of Virginia. North
and South Carolina. *« gkmgunv homo*, coue, wo can
wait voit m ini uis and plantation*, tram iho Florida liue to
Ih< Mount MU •*, and front the .Savannah to the Chatta
l. .... h f. river*, v.tiptcd to all the Cereal Grain*, long and
rh*>. * ,Lapi.• c..tioi.s, Sugar, Rice and Spanish Tobacco.
\V* *y t«> the Northern Shipbuilder, conic—bring
v«.ni . apital .nd ship-yards south, where, in our mild and
auhti.riou* climate, you can labor in the open air the
v. M rml We < ari furnish you with Live Oak, White
i )ak. Black Cvure >, and the host Yeilow l’ute Tiuihor in
the \v...-id .. o. liv.ii tor your anchors and bolts, Copper
! . yarn shoatblug, Hemp aud Cordage for your sails and
.itid a* noons be, man and vietuul your whole
i.mat me, ami Navy besides, cheaper than In
any ••the. market, a. our tv emiug granaries are eoimeet
<• I**■;.* ntiiroa I n ; th the sites for your Ship-Yard*.
W<- n t« t !.. Turpnoliii' men, co|U®—we can furnish
you wIU. a 11. id for y.mr enterprise and labors, stupas*
lug North Carolina ui her best (Turpentine) days.
.» a\ to the Mmeu. route -u e can show yon in the
four uivat ;uiu«:<tt belts of Ceorgia, rich mines in Gold,
C *p. i and !« •, a Calitornln East of the Mo.in-
W »my tbo (.vpltslU;* necking *afb and profitable
In . .sjmrntu, . • n.e n e mil fuvm- h you Willi Stocks tiia
wilt !:ut> < i went v per i cnt pci Aunum for the iiuxt live
•'e-o \N . ,iv •ipeettlatnr, corn' — we ran will you
1.1.4*1 vvbn n will aiiordyou phasing margins.
V o :iy to iU« 00 Hera ol improved or unimproved lands
thron* lij.p -he .S:uto, uml wishing to Hell, send us the
r- .i.lm'i (.f'vourl.e flu* nature ot vottr titles, if clear,
w - 1• . let n..ii (4l*e'. » wilh a tan »l.*>irvt|t*’oit of your
p. p riy, u* i.-< alien. ,v c . with lowe.st limit ot pri-c*, and
o i- w ill infer U f«u sale !n tho best market in Georgia. No
♦ lmi h v utdwss .m* mleeted. Persons addressing us
1 "bialn it Kirwoiioii. wdl plena* *iiclhm» postage stamps.
Hi:ti . Wonder of die world, TUP S I’O.NK
Ml H?Vi A JX, with tt- Hotel, I iOO acres of good farming
• I. n.l, well anoded hi 1 watered, building Lots in town,
a. 1 n»l it, vppmi.ltK's, a turn uttered for sab* at this
»AW W.» have for sole one of the best Mlnwial and
Medicinal Spa’s «-n tb»- Lookout Mountain. over discover
vl in Georgia Also, s.w oral rich and valuable Hold ami
Copper Vine V\ < expert 10 receive, in a few days,
I . \> d •>! vp. iuiciiH el* the Vein Ore and Ca*iug of the
,ai d M.iliv «• itultcatioo*. We desire that no Lands
h. precepted f«o vegUfry unless tbo owner can furnish
a clear t'.tlo.
U AVISO?;. (dRAKUEV, WHYTE A CO.
t3»* The OoHimhia Carolinian, Washington Union,
'1 K. 1 i Register, will publish four times weekly,
and s« ml a count* , . OavUou, Oirardev, Whvte A' 00.,
.v
FORMAN’S IRON FLOW-STOCK.
'|d|ttS uudotsignod, having purchasedthe patentr*ght
L te tho above valuable and popular FLOW tor the
> ..mii es of Ridunund, Colombia, Lincoln, Burke, J oiler
* *.. W.nh»ugt*»n. Striven and Eniannal, arc prepares! to
fiirataU 11 t»» planter* at the manufacturer's price This
stock, which Is made entirety of wrought iron, la a South
ern invention a id has been sufficiently tested to prove
that It runs Him' steadily, breaks* and pulvoriaes the soil
snore. thoiotigUy . b.-s levs In rough land, Is more easily
adjusted for d vp or shallow plowing, hold* the share*
m«>re firmly, lasts incomparably longer, ami is, in tho
cud. tar cheaper than any other stock now in use. This
•talc meat is fully sustained by numerous certificates iu
um pv»*os*i©o irom ihe most practical and successful
iu.uuo uv tW country. We will have plosure
ru s udiug a circular containing some of thase cert ideates
an l i m.-n‘ particular description of the plan, to any
p. rson \vhe would like to see them We are willing to
refer to anv one who has given this Plow a fair trial. In
the Nov So of the Southern Cultivator, p. 345, the edi
tor of that work *aya : "After giving this Plow a fair
xnd impartial trial we can truly say. that we regard it as
a most valuable improvement ou all common wooden
uupwiueu’s of »h* kind now in use For general t-facien
• v an.t convenience, as well as special adaptation to* deep
illag'* or snbsoding, we know of nothing that surpasses
1 white ou the -core of economy and durability. It is
altogether unrivaled No plow with which we aic fund
lar is so well calculated to resist the careless and des
tructive usage of Plantation Negroes, and we deuht not
that it 1 general introduction would be of very great pecu
niary benefit in the plant lug interest of the South."
Th * S'.oeh i- adapted to six diffmont shares or points
embracing every variety which a planter will need
*V. .a »h« boguiaing to the end of the year. The«e shares
will tw furu 'hed with tho Stock, w hen desired . though
any plantation smith can make them after one. seeing
them
Rights t.*r Cvuudtoc f.*r Shops, or for Plantations, will
bo fold on reasonable terms Apple at the Hardware
Store* in \ngtt-na. or a.Ulresa I. C KITTEN A Go.
do - wtt Augusta. Ga.
lIOBEWAH 1)7
o rOLKN from the sub.*ajrlhor. on the night « f the 4th
t*t 1 o»V.’. Id: e leather P<H KET ROGK. con
tntning .>«* al Jor Al.l in money and two notes . one
f.H and some cents, made by James M. ami William
K Wldto, pay aide to ne, dated 09th January ! -00, due
at twelve months: tho other for £47 50. made by A. K.
Dauueily. payable to J. A. Stouc. dated about tli«34 of
Dace other Last, due one day after date, and one small note
on myaelf. which I had paid, and torn off the name. 1
will pay the above reward for the recovery of the papers,
and a*»k no questions. Ail persona are hereby cautioned
not to trade for said notes, and the makers not to pay
them, except to me. G S. DANNELI.Y.
February 13, Iboo
‘ S3O REWARD.
1 > AN.UYA V , from the sulweriber, reaidlag In Put
:tam county, near Merrill, in August last, my Negro
M*a FRAN K.. lie ia about *2o years old. five feet ten in
ahe« high, of medium sire, ha* a alight impeiiiuieut In his
speech, and has Io«t the sight of one eye. He was rsasd
tn Vlrg.ata. and hat bi*»>ii in Georgia about tvro years.
The above vewaed will be paid for his delivery to me.
or to anv jail »© that 1 can c**t him.
jaMwtf JOHN A. HARRIS.
Th« Southern Recorder will publish till R»rbid, and for
wardaocouat to this oglce for payment.
_______
RkN A\¥ VY, from Win Johnson, about the IStb of
Deceanbe itsYt. a negro man JOHN—he
soaetimee eaUa huu>eU W LESLEY He is about thirty
five years oid. about rive feet cght or ten inches high, **f
a veil w c'omplex’on, with some of his front under teeth
out, and a -earovar cue of his evea, i do not rocol
loct which eye. Xha *n.bstiiber w ill pay ihe above re
ward for the delivery of sawi boy to xac, or his coudno
ment in jail so that 1 way get him.
Lon Is \ui l*a Oct. l?-w~Sro* E. W JOHNSON.
HOU sSI
ATLANTA. GEORGIA,
KY A W REEVKA.
4.B?7.OCO~FEET OF LUMBER.”
grill oertifv that the Athens Steam Company
X built for us a Circular Saw Mil’., on which w e have
f awed four million eigh: hundred and seventy-aeven thou
sand foot Os Lumber board raeaaure. v fioui the l?th of
Ju;v. |£s4. w :he 17th January \fc36.) in eighteen moutbs
or about ten thousand rive huulrou met per day. But we
realty sawed from eleven to twelve thousand feet per
day . f*r tw <itpposc4 the Mills has been standing in the
elgli’i vO mouths at I oast two months for want of logs and
btcastenai repairs The above account 1s taken from a
book iu which we charge all the Lumber as we ship it
froui the About one-half the Lumber sawed is Rail
Read stringers, f by« tnchea, and the balance weather
boards, Jteonng, >nch boards, and some one and one-half
(If) aad two i'2) mch piank.
The !mpro\ emec*. on the head-blocks works fine, and
would ad* iso you to use them on all ywr Milis.
Your*, respectfully, WAD LEV & URPPABD.
: : Mile Tost Central R. R. Goo.. Feb. !2. ISS«
TW above eaa be sustained by other cemacate*.
* iurh we tbmk no: necessary. since wo are building tho
•**»• CIRCCLAK SAW MILLS. (Iron frame- east tu
wa* U‘«ce.' ( with improved Head-Blocks and Cawuure
ta order toother with STEAM ENdINFS
w d Ftatohed SHAFTING. Minium and Mill
MACHINERY,, PUMPS, Ac. Iron and Braes Casting*
of every description. Wrought Iron Work, Finishing and
Repair promptly executed.
. * nd other MiU I hut era. *re
not «l0«a«! Sot-tb betn* rtw .mprevemeet. an.l .ecu
smlatioo of year*
C wili recede p„ mpt „ teßJiull
dra**«d to KEL BLN NICKERSON
Agent Athens St«* m Company
Athanr Geo R>hl3-w3m'
JOHN D. RBILLY7 "
\TTOR>;ET AT LAW, Augusta, Oa will pr «
«!o« tn the Court* of Law and Equity in the count I **
of R chinuml, Burke, Jefferson, Scriven, Warr.m ac-j
W ike* Oftre in Maxwtc Hall Building mhs-ly
Ha CON AND MACKEREL^
10 cask* Cboke Tennessee Bacon HAMS ;
1° ' ' SHOULDERS
M bUa ho 3 M ACKTRJNL new crop. For»aie by
HOWARD A DUO AS
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
C|ronidc ic
Tfar liirtb of un Anierlrnn Prinre.
Programme of the ceremonial to bf observed on the
iixrth vs a child to Mr. Diggs, one of the Sov
ereigns of America.
When Mru. L)ig%* begin* to fee! that the long ex
peetad time Laa at htat am veil, »he will wake I>:gg»
trom the aouitd aleep he will be enjoying, and on
his aekmg, “W’hat is the matter V’ he will be in
fonued by Mrs. Digtrs. As booh as Diggs can hast)-
iy get on his pantaloon*, boot* and eoat, be ahull
fake the orders of Mr-. Diggs, and go immediately
for the Nurse, the Grand Mistress of Diggs' house
hold, a* soon a* she steps her foot within Ids door,
and after eseoiting the Grand Mistress to the said
door, be sball inform the family physician, who shall
immediately repair to the Diggs castle. Digg* shall
aJao convey the information of what is transpiring
to all who hold rank in his household. His mother
in-law —she shall appear in whatever clothes she
can find handy, the state of her nerves on learning
the facts, being in such a condition as to prevent
an elaborate toilet On arriving at the Cas-
Ue r site shall exclaim, “Ah! my poor, dear Emily,*’
and 10-ik at Diggs, &e if she thought him thu worst
of criminals. DiggH, on receiving this look in si
lence. shall cause the. head cook and the Maid of
the Bed-chambers to be called, and be iu waiting
in an ante room for whatever orders the Grand Mis
tress of tlie Household may Bend them. Diggs is
expected to faithfully execute all these orders in not
less than ten minutes, and when they are aceom
plised, Diggs in ut liberty to retire to his private
apartments, and there await furtlier orders from the
Grand Mistress of the Household. In the nn-an
while his nervous system may require a little weak
toddy, and in the intervals of propping his nerves,
Diggs shall frequently declare that lie wishes the
thing was all over.
In the chamber of Mrs. Diggs there shall only be
the phvsiciniiH, the Grand Mistress of the Household
and the mother-in law. The latter distinguished
personage, before many days, will make an effort to
outrank the Grand Mistress ot the Household, and
in llie tilts which ensue consequent upon this effort,
Diggs is expected to take both sides and carry water
«•» both shoulders. The cook shall retire to the
kitchen, stir up her fire and hold herself ready for
any service needed. The Maid of the Bed Cham
beia shall assemble herself anywhere within calling
distance from the door of Mrs. Diggs’ apartment and
when the Grand Mistress of the Household gives her
orders and tells her not to be all day about it she
shall obey them.
At the moment at which the signs are propitious,
Diggs slmll be informed that it is nearly uil over.—
Diggs will put more questions than he can be an
swered, and he will lie told to wait a little while long
er. that his dear Einilv is bearing up wonderfully,
and frequently culls upon her dear Tommy. Thom
as Diggs shall sigh, and wish it was all over again.
In tne morning, when the room is put to rights,
Diggs shall be called to Mrs. Diggs’ apartments,
und the child shall be presented to him by the grand
Mistress of the Household, and Diggs shall examine
it, lirst. with protonnd astonishment, and then assu
ming *a more jovial air, shall touch its little cheek,
and call it “the dear, weeny, peeny, little thing.”—
Diggs shall then kiss his dear Emily about one do
zen times, and express much sympathy for her suf
ferings. Mrs. Diggs will then give him distinctly
to understand that that child is the last, and
that men have no idea of the sufferings of poor
woman. The ehild’s name having been long
fixed, Diggs shall then proceed to the parlor, and ta
king down the family bible, shall make a minute
(proces verbal') of the birth of the child, iu accord
ance with the long established usages of the Ameri
can sovereigns.
Soon after daylight, the auuts, the cousins, and all
the relations that ure recognized by the family, in
cluding all the relations ot the mother-in-law, ahull
call tit the house ami bo informed of all the particu
lars by the mother-in-law. The cook and maid of
the bed-chambers will convey the intelligence over
the back yard fence to the cook and maid of the
bed-chambers next door, and they will convey it to
the cook and maid of the bedchambers of the
second yard, so that every family in the block shall
receive intelligence of the joyful event by breakfast
time.
Diggs will then take his breakfast without grumb
ling about the cookery, and proceed to his place of
business. By his manner Diggs will indicate to his
fellow sovereigns whether the child is a boy or a
girl. If it is a boy, Diggs will be unusually lively—
he will walk with a spriug—his face will be covered
with smiles—he will, in fact, make every one he
meets exclaim**, “there goes a happy dog.” If it is
a girl, lie will feel happy, and In* happy, but his
happiness will be subdued, quiet and calm. When
he arrives at his place of business, lie will there
proclaim the great event, and is not expected to no
tice any little joke which may be perpetrated at his
f)iggs will return home at least six times during
the first day. He will look at the child six times,
and tickling its cheeks with his finger, will six times
exclaim—“Oh, the dear weeny beeny little thing?”
Diggs will take all orders to the Plmrmucopolist, and
the Bharmacopolist is expected to be unusually ela
ted with the news. Tin- Phannacopolist wili con
gratulate him in set terms, and will ask how are
they doing. Diggs will inform him that they are
doing well as could be expected under the circum
stances, and will go a little into particulars, with
which the PlmriuncopoHst will be highly delighted,
aud, if an opportunity is offered ; is expected to air
his knowledge of the whole business.
In four weeks after the birth of the child, the
Grand Mistress of the Household will vacate the
premises. Diggs will then receive strict orders that
ho is not expected to go out after tea. The dear
weeny, beeny little thing will always be sick after
tea, and he must help his dear Emily to keep it
quiet, and get it sound asleep. 11c must also hold
himself in readiness to get up at least six times
every night. And during the time his only sleep is
rat nap*, he will be extensively in the catnip trade,
that article being found very necessary for the health
of the deal' weeny beeny little tiling. •
In about six months after the event, Diggs will
have some experience in domestic life, and will find
out that it lms its duties and cares us well as its
pleasures.— Phil add ph in If ullrhn .
A Jian Overboard.
The Clipper ship Flying Cloud, Capt. J. P. Cree
sv, on the iast passage from Chinn to New York,
was in the vicinity of Madagascar, going along at
the rate of twelve knots, with a fine breeze on the
quarter, when a young man who was passing n
studding sail tuck aft, outside of the bulwarks, tel!
overboard. The watch was busy on the forecastle
and did not notice him. Fortunately, Mrs. Crcsey,
who was in the cabin, looking out of astern win
dow, saw him, and immediately rail on deck and
threw a life-buoy overboard. Still the ship was go
ing along steadily on her course, for as yet, Mrs.
Creesy alone knew there was a man overboard.—
The Captain was on the forecastle, busy among the
men, preparing to set another studding-sail; tlie
helmsman was intent only upon keeping the ship on
her due course : the ready “aye, live, sir,’* might be
heard in response to some command, when Mrs. Cree
sy rushed forward with extended arms, too agitated
to speak. ‘ What, is the matter with Mrs. Creesy ?”
asked one of the men who was near tin* Captain.—
“Eh ! what!*' rejoined the captain, casting a glance
on deck, and the next second his voice rang fore
and aft—“ Hard down the helm—one man to look
alofi—-clear away the lee quarter boat—call all
hands!" He comprehended in an instant the disas
ter, which Min. Creesy could not speak.
The ship was hove to and the quarter boat afloat,
with orders to pull in the wake of the ship until re
called by the signal. Sail was shortened and the
ship put about to retrace her course as nearly as the
wind would permit. The sea was rather rough, but
the boat pulled steadily to windward, at the rate of
three knots an hour. Capt. Creesy went aloof and
scanned the horizon with his glass, but could see
nothing of either the man or the life buoy. When
the boat lunl been absent an hour, the officer who
had charge of it returned to the shin, but was again
sent off, with imperative commands not to return
till sunset: the sun was then three hours high; and
in order to spread theoimnoe of falling in with the
man, another boat was also despatched. Two hours
had elapsed, when the life buoy was discovered
close to the ship—but not the man.
Both boats were now about three miles from the
ship, on each side of her course, and the captain,
at once inferring that the man, if afloat, must be be
tween the boats ami the ship, signalized the boats
to return, in the hopes of their finding the man, for
he still believed him to be alive, as he was a young
fellow of good pluck and an excellent swimmer.—
The weather boat, when about n mile from the ship,
was seen to “stern hard," as the whalers say, until
her way was stopped ; then three men reached over
the bow and dragged on board their long-looked for
shipmate. All hands were on the alert, eyeing them
from the rigging, and when they saw what we have
just described, saluted the boat's crew with three
times three. The man had been .overboard two
horn's and a half, and was so much exhausted that he
could hardly speak his thanks ; but his self confi
dence was unsubdued, for he afterwards stated that
he know he would be saved the moment he saw the
ship rounded to. He was sure Capt. Creesy would
not give him up as lost until night set in ; but it
seemed a small eternity to him from the time he fell
overboard until the ship was brought to the wind.
He never saw the life buoy. Upon his arrival on
board he was taken into the cabin, and intrusted to
the care of Mrs. Creesy, who put him in working or
der in ten days. He was very sick—at times de
lirious—during the first five days, but constant care
and watchfulness, such as womeu only can bestow,
overcame the fever with which he was threatened,
and gradually restored to health. He was grateful
even to tears. “Lucky dog." said his shipmates,
“you were never born to be drowned : your time
hadu't come !*'
When he was brought on board it must have
been a glorious sight to see the cheerful alacrity
with which the boats were hoisted up—to hear the
stirring order, “Up helm, fill away the after-yards,”
vV t\. and feel the gallant ship once more move ma
jestically on her course, under a cloud of canvas,
homeward bound.— Poston Atlas.
Mr Fillmosuk and M it. Do nelson. — The follow
ing incident is related to us by a gentleman who
happened to be present when Mr. Fillmore visited
the Hermitage as he passed through this section of
country after the close of his I'residency. He call
ed. after leaving the Hermitage, and spent several
hours with Major Dooelsou, who had prepared a
collation of which many of the neighbors partook.
In the course of the evening. Major Done Ison, alter
adverting to the fact, that he had once bitterly op
posed Mr. Fillmore, having looked upon him as the
head of a party which stood on a platform unsafe for
the histitutiouof the South, stated to his friends and
neighbors that he was happy to have such an op
portunity ns this of expressing his conviction, that
he had done his uistinguishea guest, who had just
left, groat injustice. It was now manifest that Mr.
Fillmore was a far more reliable friend of the con
stitutional rights of all sect ions of the Union than
•J* r K«je, for whom he, Mr. Donelson, had voted.
Tune had shown that Mr. Pierce was the patron of
the ultra is ts who had so bitterly opposed the Com
promise Measures, as a tinal settlement of the slave
ry question. It was also now evident that Mr
Pidmoro, in standing by that settlement, lad
brought upon himself the wrath of the higher law
men of the North. Under such rirrninrlunco Mr
Donelson said, he was ready to make all the amends
in his power, and that as he had helped las Demo
cratic mends to pull down the administration of
Mr. Fillmore, he would say to them that he was
ready to build it up again : and as an earnest of his
intentions, he would now propose as a toast, at his
own house and at his own table :
Millard Fillmore: —The people will make him
President in LSS6, as they did Geu. Jackson in 1&*8,
and 1832. He is true to the Constitution and the
Union, whilst his Democratic successor has shame
fully surrendered both to the keeping of the higher
law men of the North and the South, the Rhett* aud
Che vest* of the Latter section, and the Sewards and
Giddingses of the former.
This toast was drank with acclamation, and af
fords conclusive evidence of Major Donelsoo’s high
appreciation of Mr. Fillmore, at a time when his
open and manly expression of such appreciation
could by no poesibiMty be subject to the imputation
of having proceeded from any other than the most
honorable motives.— Naskmtk Banner.
Treatt Bitwiik England and the Swiss
Republic. —A •Treaty of Friendship, Commerce,
and Reciprocal Establishment,” was concluded be
tween her Majesty and the Swiss Confederation at
Berne, on the 6th of September, 1855. It confers
! <*n the subjects of each power the privileges of resi
i dance in the country of the other on an equal foot
j iug. and the enjoyment of every right and pri
j Allege accorded‘to the citizens of the country,
or to those of the most favored nation. No
duty or tax is to be levied than is or
mey be imposed on the like property of a citizen of
tne country. Ths treaty is to remain in force for ten
Modern Attaen*.
An able correspondent of the Boston Advertiser ,
writes the Allowing letter from Athens. Greece,
which gives a graphic picture of the modern city :
Before the revolution which gave independence to
Greece, and while the Turk oppressed this fair land,
Athens Lad sunk to insignificance. At its ancient
port of Pineus there was not a horse, and at rare
intervals a vessel of any kind wus seen there. About
the northern base of "the Acropolis a collection of
poor houses crowded together in narrow streets,
constituted a miserable village called Athens. From
this three minarets only arose. The Turks iu power
cared not, or were not able, to prevent the greater
ruin of the ruins of autiouity which had fallen into
their keeping. Beautiful columns and entablatures,
and sculptures, works of exquisite ait, were broken
Id pieces and burned to lime. Temples were used
;i» quarries, for materials in the construction of
hut* and walls. Robbers from distant lands were
permitted freely to carrv off the Gods from eve
ry consecrated edifice. Poor as Athens now is, sho
was then poorer, and we may thank the present
government, if for not doing anything valuable,
at least for neglecting to mutilate and destroy any
further.
The change brought about by the change of go
vernment, was such as might be expected from the
deliverance ol an intelligent and active people from
a stab* of slavery to comparative freedom. The
Greeks already here rose from their political and
social burial into a new life. Others Hocked iu from
abroad. New and better buildings wore erected.—
The city was extended into a more salubrious part
of the plain. The new streets were broader. And
now, from a mere Turkish village, there has grown
up a city of thirty thousand inhabitants.
A similar change has taken place in all parts of
Greece, in W’hieh there is protection of life and pro
perty. Nauplia, Tripolitza and Livadia have grown
into important towns, while ou the island of Byra,
where, 23 years ago, were only three huts, there is
now a city equalling Athens in population, and ex
ceeding it in wealth and commerce.
The Public Buildings of Modern Athens are few.
The Palace is a very large and square edifice, con
structed of rough stone and plastered. It has no ar
chitectural merit, and only deforms the landscape.—
The University is in better taste, and its front, with
its little lonic portico in the centre, and square pil
lars on the sides, is unpretending aud neat. There
is another building of somewhat curious history. It
is a female seminary. The people seemed to have
no name for such an institution, and when about
erecting or hiring a building for its accommodation,
a Greek resident abroad offered to furnish them an
edifice, on condition that it should be called from his
name. His name was Arsakos, aud the establish
ment is the “Arsakeon. It is a somewhat imposing
structure, and may bo well adapted to its object.
But its internal management is said to be very poor
at present.
The different departments of government are lo
cated in hired houses, none of Uiein having build
ings devoted to their use.
Some of the streets of Athens are handsome and
broad, and a few trees are to be seen in them, though
it is a matter of surprise that, in this climate, there
should not be pains taken to provide more shade.—
It is probably to be attributed to the fact, which I
shall have occasion again to advert to, that those
who are in power are more careful to improve their
own comfort, thau the welfare of those over whom
they rule. Some of the streets bear the great names
of the country’s history. Thus, there are, Euri
pides’, Pericles’, Xenophon’s, Thucydides’, and yEs
ehylus’ streets. Others have mythological names,
as Hermes, .Eolus, llebe, Athena, &c.
Others still have the names of modern benefactors
of Greece, as Kolokotrone, Bryan, dc.c. Adrian’s
street marks the Roman domination here, and is the
best thoroughfare of the old town.
In passing about Athens, even iu the poorer and
more crowded parts, I am struck with the neatness
of the people. Where there ore shops or bazaars,
we find, ot course, much that is oflenaive. But
where the homes of the people arc situated, much
care seems to be taken to preserve cleanliness.—
Nothing is more common than to see the poor peo
ple. who live in a mud hut, sweeping the. street,
eight feet wide, before their door; and on looking
up to the windows of some of the poorest, I have
seen neat white curtains. The picturesque Alba
nian dress, which those of the natives generally
adopt, who do not wear European dross, is kept
scrupulously clean. In this the Greeks far exceed
the G rinans who have come to live among them.
Iu regard to the country in general, I wish I could
write to you of greater tranquility and prosperity
than I can. Brigands, true descendants ot the Gre
cian “Heroes,” infest all the northern districts and
some parts of Peloponnesus ; and even Attica itself
is not free from them. Those who now cause most
trouble are said to be the four hundred and eighty
criminals who. two years ago, were sent forth from
the prisons to tight the Turks. They took prisoner
a French officer, on the high road from Athens to
Pineus, and compelled the government to pay for
him a heavy ransom. A few week since, they en
tered the town of Chalcison the island of Negropont,
(Euboea,) and after plundering the house ot one of
the most wealthy men of the place, a Senator of
Greece, they carried off his daughter to the moun
tains. She lias been released but a few days since,
upon the payment of a ransom of sixty thousand
drachmas ($10,000.) In some some cases, when
they have suspected shepherds of giving informa
tion concerning them, they have killed and horribly
mutillated them. An act of this kind was per
petrated, siuce I have been hero, at Eleusis, nst
twenty miles from Athens.
Tli<- government seems to have no power or no
will to put down this brigandage, and when it will
end, no one can tell. All agree that the robbers
cannot be put down until roads are constructed.—
Aud the present government has been in force for
more than twenty years, and lias not yet made fifty
miles of road in ull Greece. There are mountains
of limestone for macadamizing, aud a good country
for roads, and thousands of idle peasants, waiting to
be set to work. Yet no one is found to originate or
carry forward any system of improvement.
The commerce of the country might be very great.
Particularly olive oil, wine, silk and wool, might be
exported. But the people are not instructed to make
oil or wine ; aud, under continued fear of robbers,
they dare not improve the unbounded tracts of waste
land for planting vineyards and olive groves, or for
tin* pasturage ot sheep.
Such is Greece. Naturally endowed with all that
is necessary to make it the garden of tho world, and
by man desolated and neglected.
Tbc White Slave Trade.
A horrible system of stealing men and women
from their homes in China, and conveying them to
the West Indies, Peru, Ac., has grown up of late,
(says the Baltimore American,) in lieu of the African
slave trade ; aud as might be expected, like the old
slave trade, it is carried on chiefly by English aud
Amercian vessels—the latter hailing in all cases, as
far as wc arc aware, from the non slave State*, and
a large portion of them from New England and
New York. Very likely some of the same men aro
engaged in this nefarious business, who are loud in
denouncing the Southern man for not turning a
large part of his family out of doors, or sending them
to the snows of Canada.
The following extract of a letter which has been
handed us for publication, says the New York Jour
nal of Commerce, shows how the materials of the
modern slave trade—the Chinese Coolies—aro ob
tained. To fill out the horrors of the middle pas
sage—which is often fatal to large numbers, and
then to see the poor wretches getting out guano at
the Chincha Islands, which soon destroys the re
mainder. We are credibly informed that, a person
who lay some days near the Islands, saw eleven (we
think it was) of the poor creatures jump into the
sea, preferring death oy drowning, to the slow tor
ture to’ which their employment subjected them. If a
white man were as good as a negro in the estima
tion of the noisy pretended philanthropists of this
day—or rather if tueir humanity was not a shnm—
they would utter some voice of remonstrance against
the abominable system to which we have alluded,
and which is earned on in part by their own neigh
bors and from their own ports.
Extract of a letter dated—
Swotow, (China) Dec. 10th, 1865.
We have now bent our sails and expect to sail for
Callao iu a few days. We have now on board 700
Coolies, and expect to take 200 more. I suppose, if
God preserves our lives, we will arrive in about 75
days. I will try to explain what our cargo consists
of, viz : men—Chinamen of course—who are called
Chinamen Coolies. As you have been to Russia,
you had a sample—the same as serfs, or as our
Southern negroes; but, poor things, they are torn
from their parents and friends, and sent on board of
our ship, and many other ships of our own country,
as well as English. They kidnap them aud take
them to the junk, as we call it, and stay there one
or two weeks, till the captain thinks proper to take
them on board of our ship. They are bought for fif
teen and twenty dollars per man, and when the cap
tain is ready to go on board the junk the mate sings
out “Lay aft here,” calling the boys by name, aud
they have to keep the boat away from the junk, for
fear of some of the Coolies’ friends coming ana tak
ing them away. We have one Coolie who has run
away from five different ships. The kidnappers
bring out the Coolies the same as at the slave mar
ket at|Mobilc for inspection. They are then made
to go through several exercises—-jumping, kicking,
&c., and then inspected by the doctor. After this,
they are given new clothes, and then sent on board
the ship, and we have to keep sentry. We have
twenty men armed on sentry night and day. The
Coolies have several times tried to rise, and if it had
not been for two or three Coolies who made it
known, they would have taken the ship. We have
plenty of ammunition on board, and three guns,
which are lashed so as to bear ou the slaves if they
should rise. A ship took some from here and sol(i
them for $250 each. This ship expects to stay out
here about two years.
Newfoundland Dog Putting out a Fire—
Wonderful Sagacity. —One of the most astonish
ing instances of the sagacity of a dog transpired this
morning, which ever came to our knowledge. The
Messrs. Staude. Tobacconists, No. 35 Congrc-ss-st..
closed their store last evening, leaving their favo
rite Newfoundland inside. This morning on open
ing the store, the door in the backroom was found
to oc on fire, and the dog was laboring with his fore
feet aud mouth trying to subdue it. A pail of wa
ter which stood in'the room had been poured down
the hole. The faithful animal had so successfully
combatted the fire as to prevent its spreading be
yond a spot two or three lent square. How long the
noble fellow had stood sentinel and fought down the
advancing flames can only be conjectured—it must
have been several hours. * His feet legs and mouth
were badly burned, and it is feared that he is seri
ously injured internally by inhaling the hot air He
refuses food, and is apparently in much pain. We
trust the sagacious and faithful creature is not dan
gerously injured. This is the same dog which dis
covered the man Lallyou the ice a few' weeks since.
He is worth his weight in gold, and may safelv be
pronounced the noblest of his race.— Troy Daily
JIVUf.
Texas Affairs. —The ban Antonio Texan gives
the particulars of a most fiendish murder commit
ted at Fort Clark, by Mexicans. Mr. Skinker. the
name of the murdered man and a friend, had left
San Antonio in company with some Mexican team
sters. who were hauling tbeir goods. When they
encamped for the night, and Skinker and his friend
had fell asleep, the Mexicans crept upon them and
murdered them, breaking their skull with axes.—
The Mexicans tied and had not been arrested. Mr.
Skinker was a highly respectable citizen, and was
connected In business with a gentleman in San An
tonio. The Texan thinks if the Mexicans are caught,
short work will be made of them.
The Rusk (Cherokee county) Enquirer, of the
25th ult.. says - —On Saturday last David M. Cook,
heretofore a respectable citizen of thin county, was
convicted before the District Court, now holding
its session in this place, of abstracting some impor
tant papers from the office of the clerk of the court.
He was sentenced to the Penitentiary for one year.
On Monday morning he took poison—strychnine,
we believe— and before night was in eternity.
The Brazos Statesman relates the following :—A
party of gentlemen from this place recently took a
nun ting excursion—or, as hunters say, went on a
Camp Hunt—and u> use the expression of one of
them for whose veracity we will vouch, tbev found
it necessary, upon reaching their place of distina
tion. to make preparations for the inner man. Ac
cordingly they sallied forth earnest’v in the morn
ing, and in leas than an hour one of the number kill
ed nine deer at two shots ! Beat tin* who can 1
A Brussels paper states that Charles Dickens
contemplates issuing a reply, printed in French to
M. Montaiembert s arrack*on “The Political Fu
ture of England,” in which that great writer accuses
the great novelist of exaggerating tfca social evils of
England, and by his strongly colored pictures pro
moting disunion of elassesTon the F-ngimn side of the
Channal.
Mr. Shillabsr alias Mrs. Partington, formerly of the
Boston Post, has become eonnoeted with the'Boston
Gaxetss.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL Hi. 1850.
Council Proceeding».
Intendant’s Office, >
LaGrange, Go., April 2,1856. {
To the Town, and Count y Author dies of Western
Georgia and Sctghboring Alabama.
Inasmuch as you are the legally authorized guar
dians of the public health, we again address you a
statement of facts in relation to the recent painful
rumor of the probable existence of Small Pox in this
place.
It affords us great pleasure to inform you that
there is no Small Pox in LaGrange, or anywhere in
its vicinity. Our place has seldom, throughout its
whole previous history, been so healthy as at the
present time. We hope that you will take all menus
of making this information public, in order that such
excitement as may exist in the community may be
allayed.
To all persons interested, we say that no doubt
may be entertained upon the subject. There is no
such thing as Small Pox in LaGrange. It is but
a simple act of justice to the merchants here, whose
business has been so unfortunately suspended by
this rumor, for us further to add, that they all have
recently got in complete assortments, both in the
Dry Goods aud Grocery line, and in other branches
of business, and that they are anxious to sell aud
keen for trade ; so that all persons desiring to fur
nish themselves with Spring Goods for the outer
man, or other necessaries for the inner man, will
fiud it to their interest to give them an early visit.
By order of the Board.
Bf.nj. 11. Bigham, Inteudant.
Fued. Ball, Clerk.
Additional from Mexico—Conditions of the
Surrender of Puebla.
The Progreso, of Vera Cruz, issued an extra ou
the 24th ult., in which we find the following inter
esting intelligence :
The reaction which made Puebla its headquar
ters has terminated in the surrender of the rebels
who had promoted it! The only particulars that
we have upon this important event will be found
by the reader in the following documents, just re
ceived by his excellency the Governor of this State.
We omit all comment at present, in order not to de
lay publication of this extra.
Private Correspondence of President of Republic.
Puebla, March 23, 1856—3 o’clock A. M.—To
the Most Excellent Sr. D. Iguacia de la Lluvc, Vera
Cruz :
My Esteemed Friend—After a previous day and
night of great fatigue, I have scarcely time to
inform you that this city is now in possession of
the Supreme Government. I have agreed to a
capitulation in the terms, of which I send you
a copy, in order to spare the city from greater
miseries.
In accordance with this, and with the disposition
to be made of the surrendering officers, some will
have to leave the Republic, and I have to-day given
to Gen. Leonardo Marquez a passport for that pur
pose, of which I informed you, that, being aware of
the fact, you may keep him under survilliauce from
the time of his arrival at your port until his em
barkation.
Ido not desire to keep back this gratifying infor
mation from you, and therefore I Rend to you by
express, in confidence, until appropriate circulars
ahull bo issued. I remain, etc.,
J. COMONFORT.
Army of Operation on Puebla—Geueral-iu-Chief
—Field Secretariat. Considering that civil war is
the greatest of evils fur a nation, especially at the
moment when it is endeavoring to establish itself;
that the power of the Government is recognized by
the State to which the insurgent forces have been
confined ; that these are ready to submit to obey
the Government, by which the desired result is at
tained in the state of political affairs, while the mis
ery and destruction to which the innocent inhabi
tants of this city would otherwise be reduced are
avoided ; the Most Excellent Senor, the President,
General-in-Chief of the Army of Operations on Pue
bla, has deemed it meet to agree to the following
capitulation, through the M. E. Sr., the Guanujuata,
I). Manuel Doblado, and Generals D. Vicente Rosas
and Ramon Iglesias, nominated by his Excellency,
and Sr. Licenciado 1). Pascual Almazan and Gene
rals I). Ignacio Ormachea and D. Miguel Andrade,
nominated by D. Carlos Oronoz, on whom the com
mand of the insurgent forces lias fallen :
Art. J. The troops in garrison in the Square of Pue
bla shall beat the disposition of the Supreme Govern
ment, and shall remain quartered at such points as
the latter shall designate, under the strictest respon
sibility of their respective chiefs.
Art. 2. The wishes of the tloops shall bo consult
ed, and absolute freedom shall bo at once granted
to all pr.vates who do not desire to continue to bear
arms.
Art. 3. The Major General of the army of opera
tions against Puebla shall designate the places in
which the artillery and the stores for the park shall
be deposited, the delivery of both tube attested by
the person or persons whom tlio government shall
appoint to receive and take charge of them.
Art. 4. The generals, chiefs and officers in the
square, shall proceed to take up their residence at the
points to be indicated by the Supreme Government,
while the latter shall determine in whut manner they
are to remain in the army.
Art. 5. The property of private persons, which
may have been taken for the defence or service of
place, aud which may be in it on its being occupied
by the besieging anriy, shall be restored to its own
ers on claim and indemnification.
Art. fi. The wounded of the place shall be con
sidered and assisted, the same as those of the Su
preme Government.
Art. 7. The Government shall dictate such mea
sures us it may deem proper, in order to provide
for the security of the persons and property of the
city.
Art. 8. As soon as this capitulation shall be signed,
the M. E. Senor, the President, shall designate the
hour and manner of occupying the place.
Puebla, March 22, 1856. —Manuel Dobladn,
Vincente Rosas, Ramon Iglesias, Pascual Alma
zan, Jose Iguucio Ormachea y Ernaiz, Miguel
Andrade.
Copy. —Headquarters in Carmen, Puebla, March
22,1856. J. M. Campuzano, Secretary.
Destructive Fire in Baltimore.
A destructive fire occurred iu Baltimore about 8
o'clock Sunday night. The Sun of Monday says :
The fire broke out in a building No. 266 Baltimore
street, opposite Hanover, occupied by Messrs. Ca
rey, Howe Co., wholesale boot aud shoe dealers,
and Messrs. George A. Warder fc Co., wholesale
hat dealers. The building was a four story brick,
with brown stone front, running back to McClellan’s
alley, being one of the most commodious warehouses
in that section.
The combustible material of a portion of the
stock of Messrs. Warder A. Co. caused the flames
to spread through the building with great rapidity,
and defied all efforts on the part of the firemen, who
were out in full strength, and labored heroically to
save the building. The fire raged with such terrific
violence that in one hour this spacious building was
a mass of ruins, the side walls having fallen out.
The two lower stories were occupied by Messrs.
Carey, Howe & Co., and contained stock estimated
at about $60,890, which wjis eutirely consumed, —
They have policies of insurance in various city off 5
ces,’which will cover their loss.
The two upper stories were occupied by Messrs,
Warder Co. They value their stock at from $40,-
000 to $50,000, of which nothing could bo saved.—
They are also fully insured in the city offices.
Tfie building was owned by Mr. Joseph King, Jr.,
valued at $15,000, and fully insured in the Equitable
office.
It was about one hour from the discovery of the
fire that a large portion of the immense eastern wall
of the building fell outward to tho ground, with a
tremendous crash, carrying with it an extension of
the wholesale carpet warehouse of Messrs. Gable,
McDowell & Co., in which were deposited the most
valuable portion of their stock, the whole being
valued at SIOO,OOO.
The total loss is estimated at $200,000. It is fear
ed that one or more persons were killed by the fall
ing walls.
An Unfortunate Traveller. —A Mr. Watson,
of St. Louis, commenced an unfortunate career of
railroad travel last summer, at tho Gasconade dis
aster, at which time he nearly lost his life. Scarcely
had he recovered from the injuries then received,
when he again narrowly escaped death, from an ac
cident which occurred to the train while he was
coining East He was laid up for some months at
the Girard House, in Philadelphia, on account of the
injuries received. As soon as sufficiently recovered,
he took passage for Pittsburg. Some geutlemeu
who intended to go in the same direction, purposely
delayed their departure, in order to avoid partici
pating in his apprehended misfortunes. But as it
singularly occurred Mr. Watson’s train met with
an accident after proceeding a few miles, slight in
deed, but sufficient to detain the train for several
hours ; and before arriving at Harrisburg, a second
accident «>ecurrcd, with a detention of 24 horn’s. In
the meantime, the cautious gentlemen before alluded
to, pursuing their journey, overtook Mr. W., and
unwittingly got on board the same train, for Pitts
burg. Before reaching its destination, however,
the fated train was thrown entirely from the track,
by the breaking of a wheel. The passengers alight
ed, and greatly to their consternation, found that
Mr. W. (Jonah) was on board. Thereupon the
whole company became greatly exasperated, and
respectfully informed the company that it would be
utterly impssible to proceed in his company. Our
informant states that Mr. W. has succeeded in reach
ing Pittsburg, and is recovering from his contusions
at the Monongahela House. Mr. W. declares that
once more home, he will remain there.— Journal of
Commerce.
Western Texas a Free State.— The Sau An
tonio Texan has the following remarks upon tills
subject : Some may look upon such an event as a
free State of Western Texas as improbable, partic
ularly at a time when such strenuous efforts are be
ing made to carry slavery into Kansas, where sla
very does not now exist by positive law. Yet there
is a strong probability that such an event will occur
within the next ten years. Our opinion is based
upon the fact that foreign immigration is greater
than domestic, by at least ten to one •. and upon the
well known fact that all foreign immigration is op
posed to slavery from principle, prejudice and edu
cation. And there are many of the emigrants from
the other States opposed to slavery, who quietly
tolerate it so long as it is an institution of the State,
but who will vote no slaverv, when the question
comes up whether Western Texas shall be a free or
slave State. This fact is not yet generally known ;
if so. it is not duly considered. The vote of the
adopted citizens of Texas now nnmbers at least
twelve thousard. In less than ten years it will be
increased to three times that number unless the na
turalization iaws are changed. This increase will
be a much greater ratio than that of the native bora
vote. _
Shocking Affair. —At Reamstown, Pa.,on the
27th ult., a man weDt to a farm house, and told the
fanner if he did not give him fifty doliars, he would
burn the barn down. The farmer's son was going
to shoot him, but the fanner prevented him so do mg.
In a few minutes, however, the barn was in a blaze,
but the fanner and his son were too frightened to
go out, for fear the man would murder them, and
therefore three valuable horses, 200 sheep, and 30
heads of fat cattle were destroyed. On investiga
tion the body of a man was discovered in the ruins
with a dirk knife in his belt- It is supposed that
there were three or four men. and while one went
for the money the others set the barn on fire, and
while in the act of setting the barn on fire one of
them received a violent kick from a cross old horse,
and therefore he could not get away, and was burnt
to death.
A Considerable Item.— Within the last twenty
vears. according to theshowingof the Secretary ofthe
Treasury, upwards of three hundred millions of dol
lars have been lost by the defalcation of the officials
of that department. The most of them attempted
to take shelter under the wings of the Bankrupt
Law, but Mr. Secretary Guthrie, backed by the opin
ion of able lawyers, has come to the conclusion that
said law did not relieve those indebted to the go
vernment- He is consequently tracking up these
defaulters, and intends to try the strong arm of the
Judiciary in making them’toe the official mark.—
He is said to have realized already about ti irty mil
lions of dollars of this kind of indebtedness.— Colum
bus Enquirer.
Increase is Shipping.— I The number of vessels
launched from the yards in the vicinity of Boston
since January Ist is twelve, and their aggregate
tonnage is 12,750 tons. During the corresponding
time last year there were launched three vessels,
1 with an aggregate tonnage of V" tout.
The Monarch of ilie Deep—The Groat Steam
ship “ Leviathan.’*
This is the age of great steamers. The Persia i«
a modem wonder, and yet she is diminutive in pro
portion, when compared with the Leviathan. The
** Mistress of the Sens,” as some of the Londou jour
nals call her, is built < ntirely of iron, in the shape of
plates, securely fastened together with rivets.
She has a double side l’orc and aft, all the way up
to within a few feet of the taffrail. She has also
double decks. By this means great buoyancy and
strength ia imparted to the vessel, as the space be
tween the decks and sides is filled with air. She is
built m eight compartments, all air and water tight.
Her registered tonnage is 23,000 tons, with capacity
for coal iu addition of from 12,000 to 14,000 tons
Her draft of water wheu loaded will be 28 feet, aud
when unload**! 18 feet. Her average speed is com
puted at 23 knots or miles per hour. She will be
propelled bv a gigantic screw 23 feet in diameter,
tour paddles and by sails. Her Dumber of masts
will be seven, three of which will be crossed with
yards, aud square-rigged, as in a line-of-battle ship,
aud the other masts will have fore and aft sails.—
Her number of boilers will be ten, five on each side,
and each having ten furnaces. She will carry, in
addition to a sufficient complement of small boats,
no leas than eight small screw-steamers, each 110
feet in length, placed , four on each side of the vessel.
These steamers will land aud embark both pas
sengers and cargo. The passengers’ berths are
placed on both sides the entire length of the ship.
The number of decks is four, aud the height of the
principal saloons, which are in the centre, is 15 feet.
The number of passengers she will be able to can y
is 600 first class, 1,800 second class, and I0,O(K)
troops with field equipments. Her length is 680
feet, her breadthof beam 83 feet, depth from deck to
keel 58 feet ; aggregate length of saloon 400 feet.
Her commander will beCapt. Harrison, with a crew
of, in all, including aeanieu, engineers, stokers,
from 850 to 000 men, consequently, with all on
board, she will comprise within herself a population
of a large town, or even city, say 13,000 persons.
Nearly 1,000 men are employed iu her construction.
The contract price for her Wilding is £320,000. —
There are then the expenses of her engines and the
fittings, victualling, &.c. The mere expense of launch
ing her into the water, when completed, will be no
less than £40,000, as hydraulic power will have to
be used for the purpo* and tne machinery em
ployed will be of peculiar construction. She will
enter the water broadside on.
The principal dimensions of the ship, her capacity
and power may be usefully repeated m mere detain
as tollows :—Length, 680 feet; breadth, 83 feet;
depth from to keel, 51 feet; aggregate length
of principal saloons, 400 feet; heightli of do., 15 feet;
number of decks, 4 ; tounage, 20,000 tons; carries
of coals and cargo. 18,000 tons; nominal horses’
power, screw, 16(H) horses; do. paddles, 1,000 horses;
cylinders of screw engines, 4 ; diameter of cylinder
in inches, 84; length of stroke, 4 feet ; cylinders of
paddle engines, -1 feet: diameter of cylinders in
inches, 74; length of stroke 14 feet 6 inches; draft
of water (loaded) 28 feet ; do. (light) 18 feet; carries
of first class passengers, 600 ; do. second class do.,
1,800; do. troops, with field equipments, 10,000;
weight of iron used in the construction of the ship,
7,000 tons.
Her deck is to be flush, except for cabin entrances
aud similar purposes, so that a promenade more
than twice the length of the Great Britain’s deck
will be available for the passengers.
The floor of the ship is perfectly flat, the keel being
turned inwards aud riveted to the inner ship’s keel.
These several skins are joined to each other by lon
gitudinal webs or girders, formed of plate and angle
iron. There are 1/ of these webs ou each side of
the ship, which run the entire length of the vessel,
and they are placed ut such distances as to extend
upward, at intervals of about three feet from the
keel to the main deck, and they are again closed up
in length varying from 20 to 60 feet. Thus the
outer and inner ships are joined together by means
of a great number of water-tight webs or cells of
extraordinary strength, giving the vessel a rigidity,
such us has never been communicated to a ship be
fore. The imam deck is treated in the same manner
for a width of 20 feet on each side, and iron gild
ers bind one side to the other, so that the entire ves
sel becomes, as it were, a beam of strength, and the
whole fabric may bo denominated a web of woven
iron, the rivets forming the fastenings, and the
webbed or honey comb cells becoming an indissolu
ble structure. The compartments between the out
er and inner skin will hold 3,000 tons of water bal
last, should it be required. The web-plates are of
inch iron, and the outer and inner skins are three
quarter inch iron.
The vessel will have 20 ports on the lower deck,
each 5 feet square, to receive railway wagons. She
has also GO ports on each side, 2 feet 6 inches square
for ventilation, ami an abundance of dead lights.
The lower ports are 10 feet above the water when
the ship is loaded.
One great difficulty which the Leviathan will la
bor under will be the few great commercial ports in
the world, to enter which there is sufficient depth,
of water to euable her to pass iu safety. Accord
ing to a recently published statement, she cannot
come within eighteen miles of New York—ami
would then have to discharge her cargo at an insig
nificant place by the agency of lighters. The only
nothem port she can visit and which has depth of
water enough to float her when laden, in safety, is
said to be Portland Me.
Ilavnnn News*
The steamer Cahawba arrived at Now Orleans on
the sth, with dates from Havana to the 2d inst:
The English squadron, under Admiral Fanshaw,
composed of the Boscowen, 80 guns, (flag-ship,)
Powerful, 00 guns, Termagant, 26 guns, and Buz
zard 20 guns, were in Havuua when the Cahawba
left. A grand fete was to be given on the night of
the 2d, oy the officials of the Island to the officers
of the squadron. The United States squadron, com
posed ol the Potomac, 60 guns, (flag ship) of Commo
dore Paulding, Saratoga, 22 guus Cyane 20 guns,
aud Fulton 1 guus, were in Matanzus. There is a
great deal of sickness amongst the merchant marine
at present. The health of Havana continues good,
and the weather favorable for the planters.
The Diario dc la Marina discusses the question of
public education at great length, but, admits that the
great cost of any general system of public education
aud the indifference of the agricultural population
to education, present almost msuperablc obstacles
to the adoption and successful working of any sys
tem.
Slave labor has become so unprofitable in the
eastern department of the island that a large num
ber of slave-holders in that district are removing
from it, or selling their slaves to planters iu the de
partment of Havana. The local government of
St. Jago proposes arresting this exodus by levying
a tax upon all slaves removed or sold out of the de
partment.
At the sugar estate Santo Lugado, near Matan
zas on the 28th ultimo, twenty negroes were preci
pitated into a boiler of scalding water. One was
drowned, and the others are so much injured that
their lives are despaired of.
All the warehouses at Mutunzas are filled with
sugar, and unless a quantity is soou exported there
will not be any place to store it.
The Great Fire at Galena, Illinois.—A
correspondent gives the following account of the de
structive fire at Galena on the Ist inst.:
The incendiary’s torch has again been devastating
our city. This morning, at 3 o’clock, a fire broke
out in a frame building occupied as a stable by the
stage company. The wind being strong, andblow
ing from the east, every part ot the building was
soon iti flames, which spread with fearful rapidity to
buildings adjoining and on the opposite side of the
main street. In twenty-five minutes not less than
twenty frame and brick buildings were enveloped
in flames. By some mismanagement, our fire en
gines, (three in number,) did not commence throw
ing water for nearly three quarters of an hour, by
which time the destruction of some of our largest
and handsomest business houses was inevitable.—
so great was the force of the wind and flames, that
huge chunks of burning timber were carried across
to Bench street, and caught in the cupola of the
Catholic Church, some sixty feet above the tops of
the burning buildings below on Main street, de
stroying it, together with some six or eight private
residences iu that street. The DeSoto House, near
ly adjoining where the fire first broke out, one of
the largest and finest hotels in the Western coun
try, was at one time iu imminent peril, having
caught fire, and by the almost superhuman exer
tions of the firemen and citizens it was saved; this
stayed the fire South. L. S. Felts ami E. F. Birg
man’s four-story fire-proof stores, one and a half
squares above, checked it on the north. The wind
blowing strong from the oast saved the buildings in
that quarter, but everything was swept off clear
westward to the hill. This fire will be a heavier loss
to Galena than the great fire of New York was to
that city. Many of our best dry good and family
grocery stores are a smouldering heap of ruins.—
The Courier building was, with its contents, entire
ly destroyed, as also several saddlery and shoe
shops. I’he loss cannot be correctly arrived at, but
it is estimated from SOOO,OOO to $300,000, with but
a partial insurance. Many who were considered
independent yesterday are penniless to-day. But
with the enorgv which seems to l»e character
istic of the we hope this whole
ground will be covered with substantial buildings
before fall.
Locisiana Sugar Crop. —The Baltimore Ameri
can contains some interesting statistics of the sugar
crop of Louisiana, for the years 1855-\s6:—The
statement embraces an accurate return of the pro
duct of each plantation in the State, the aggregate
crop comprising 231,427 hogsheads, estimated at
254,569,000 pounds. Os the total 192,391 hogsheads
were brown sugar, and 39,036 refined, clarified, fee.,
including cistern There were in operation during
the year only 1,299 sugar houses, againist 1,322 in
1854. Os the sugar houses in operation during 1855,
998 used steam and 361 horses as their motive pow
er. The total receipts of foreign unrefined sugar
into the United States for the year ending Decem
ber 31, 1855, were 205,064 tons against receipts of
165,925 tons in 1854. Taken for consumption in
1855, 194,052 tons, against 150,854 tons in 1854,
being an increase in tLe consumption of foreign in
1855 of 43,198 tons, or about 28f per cent., while
the total consumption of 1855 (assuming the stock
of domestic on Ist January of each year to have
been equal) was 379,197 tons, against a total con
sumption in 1854 of 385,298 tons, and in 1853 of
372,989 tons, being a decrease in the total consump
tion of 1855, as compared with 1854, of 6,101 tons,
or nearly 11 per cent. The value of sugar on Ist
January 18&i, was 4} 3 6 per pound; and on Ist
January, 1856, at 9 cents. Texas produced hist
year a much better crop thau in 1854, the product
being 8,977 hogsheads, estimated at 9,875,00 P
pounds, against 7,513,000 pounds the previous sea
son. The crop of Louisiana was 346.635 hogsheads
in 1854, against 231,427 hhds.in 1855.
Foreign Imports and Exports at New York.
—lt appears from the monthly statement furnished
by the Journal of Commerce, that the imports of fo
reign goods at New York during the month of
March are nearly as large as for the corres
ponding month of last year, the increase being very
marked, both in dry g< *od* and general mercandize.
The total is $10,083,901 larger than for March 1855,
$3,699,884 larger than for Slarch 1854, and $813,130
larger than for the same month in 1853. The total
for March 1856 being $20,556,958, and for March
1855,10,173.057. The total imports at that port for
the first quarter of the year amounted to $51.871,605
which is $16,670,939 greater than for the correspon
ding three months of last year. $4,610,832 greater
than for the same time in 1854, but onlv $1,534,587
greater than for the time iu 185$. The total
for the last nine months is $20,025,651 greater than
for the same period of the previous year, and
only $1,737,488 Delow the amount for the same time
in 1853-4.
The exports from >ewl ork for the last three
months exclusive of specie, are $3,018,140 larger
than for the corresponding period of 1854. and sl,-
980,522 larger than for the same period of 1853
The total being in 1856, $19,820,083, in 1855. $16,-
802,543, and ia 1854. $17,840,161 . The increase
shipments are made up of domestic produce. The
exports of merchandise and produce, for the nine
months of the fiscal year, are $14,041,12*2 greater
than for the same time last year, and $3,9*20,356 than
for the same time in 1853- 4.
Col. Fornet. —The Washington Star of Saturday
savs : “We heard mentioned yesterday, as a com
mendable instance of dispatch’in the settlement of
a large account, that Col. Forney, late Clerk of the
House of Representatives, had on the Ist inet. with
in an hour after receiving an informal report of ad
justment from the office of the First Comptroller,
finally closed his accounts, by simply transfering to
the United States the balance standing to his credit
on the books of the Treasury, there being not one
cent of difference between his statement as rendered
and that of the Department. His disbursements,
we learn on inquiry, covered transactions running
through four years of official service, and embraced
the expenditure of over two millions of dollars,
under about seventy different heads of appropria
tion/’
War in the Democratic Hanks.
One of the Democratic orgaus at Washington,
the Sentinel, raises its voice against the re-nomina
tion of President Pierce iu the subjoined fierce and
volcanic strains:
From the Washington Sentinel , March 13.
President Pierce and Territorial Legisla
tion.—The nomination of Frankliug Pierce was the
merest accident of modem times. The honor was
conferred, not as a reward for eminent services,
not as a tribute to intellect, but by virtue of a tem
porary necessity—one of those necessities which, in
the course of political events, must occasionally
arise. Meu of mark, men of giant mind, men iden
tified with the history aud the glory of the country,
had been unsuccessfully supported in the conven
tion. It becoming evident, finally, that no distin
guished statesman could, under the critical circum
stances of the hour, receive the nomination of the
party, it was, by almost unanimous consent, given
to the present incumbent. It was the belief of every
unprejudiced politician of the land that General
Pierce would, it elected, serve u single term, reiura
his thanks to his party, and retire into private life.
He was nominated because he was thought to be in
nobody’s way. Politics, iudeed, makes strange
bed-fellows! What man, bora of woman, and en
dowed with ordinary intelligence, could have im
agined, for an instant, that this same Franklin
Pierce would, at the end of term for which he was
elected, come forward and attempt to override the
claims and pretensions of every statesman that
has houored the Democratic party! Yet such
is the fact before us; a man noted only for im
becility und political treachery—one that has done
more to damage the Democratic party than any
other man that has lived during the lust thirty
years—has the audacity tojsit iu the White House
and promise his support to a huudred prominent
statesmen merely for the purpose of fa-tening
himself lor four years more upon the American
people.
Now, what is the course for the party to pursue ?
The majority of the voters of the couutrv are Demo
crats, and the election of the Democratic candidate
is certain if he be a bold and patriotic leader. We
must not calculate, however, upon the absolute in
vincibility of Democracy, we are not strong enough
to carry weights. Franklin Pierce is the weakest
man whose name will be before the convention ; his
name would be the signal note of defeat. He is ab
solutely odious to a large portion of the Democracy
of the country. His administration will be referred
to in future as a political abortion. But for a single
measure, into the support of which it was absolutely
forced , it would have suuk ere this bcvornl the
reach of resurrection. It will be an eternal warning
to the party. No future political mariner need be
iu doubt as to the course lie should pursue. lie Ims
oniy to do what Franklin Pierce Ims neglected to do,
and to leave undone the things he Ims done, and he
will sail in the clear waters of truth.
No greater evidence could he furnished of the
strength of the Democratic sentiment of the nation
than the fact that we have been able to survive the
shock of the last three years ; but we must not abso
lutely outrage the common sense of the people.—
The world is looking to us for a bold and decisive
stroke ; shall we shame our pretensious to patriot
ism and fair-dealing by asking a majority of the vo
ters of tliis great Republic to come up and support
a man who has struck down the best statesmen of
the land, and all but demoralized the only true na
tional party in the United States '!
It is time to look this matter in the face. The
President has descended into the arena, and is em
ploying all his energies to secure a reuomination in
June. He has said boldly that no man in the North
can succeed but himself, and he has told the South
that no Southern man can succeed without his influ
ence. lie talks of transferring the Democracy of
the land as though every Democrat were absolutely
his serf. What a spectacle would we present with
Mr. Pierce as our standard-bearer in 185f>!
Wli at is Mr. Pierce’s record, that he should impu
dently call in question the patriotism or nationality
of distinguished statesmen f What is his organ in
New Hampshire/ana his mouthpiece in Washington,
that they should dure to read every man out of the
Democratic ranks who honestly believes the nomi
nation of the present incumbent would insure us ig
noiniuous defeat ?
Who does not know that the New Hampshire
Patriot— Mr. Pierce’s sworn organ in New England
—was formerly the open and avowed champion of
the Wilmot Proviso ? Who does not know that the
Washington Union —a paper which is now trying to
lash the Democratic delegates to the Cincinnati
Convention iuto the support of Mr. Pierce—came
outiu opposition to the doctrine of non-intervention,
and only came to the support of Mr. Douglas’s bill
when it found the general current of the country
setting in favor of it ? Who does not know that the
President, in a large number of instances, has turn
ed national and conservative men out of office, for
the purpose of supplying their places with Aboli
tionists and Disunionists.
We have no real fears that Mr. Pierce will be re
nominated ; we believe the day for weak and truck
ling political operators is past ; we have been the
victims of one accident which the American [people
will never forget; nevertheless, if we coula coun
teract the influence of governmental patronage, and
secure an honest expression of Democratic senti
ment in Cincinnati, we should at once let the light
of day shine in upon the machinations of an Admin
istration the most corrupt, and a Chief Executive
the most imbecile, that tbe annuls of this nation can
furnish. For the sake of our country's honor, for the
sake of our party’s credit, for the sake of every
thing that is dear to us as a people, we trust a death
blow will be struck in the approaching convention
to the miserable pretensions of the wdiole race of
double-dealing, scheming political wire-workers;
who have done more in four years than the opposi
tioncould do in tweuty, to debase the standard of
Democratic virtue, and retard the ouward inarch of
libei al principles.
We regret to speak thus freely of meu elected to
prominent stutions by the votes of our own party,
out when we see Southern statesmen, in muuy in
stances endorsing the policy of an administration
like the'present, we cannot refrain from telling what
we believe to be the truth, and nothing but the
truth. The South cannot afford to hazard the defeat
of tbe Democratic candidate for the Presidency in
iSoij. If Mr. Pierce shall be nominated, his defeat
is certain ; the whole Northwest—a portion of the
Union which has been faithful to the South, eveu in
the darkest horns—will drop him as a dead cock in
the pit. The souud Democracy of the Middle States
have unanswerable reasons for regarding him as the
uncompromising enemy of their dearest interests.—
Let us have a strong man, a bold man, a Democrat
of the Jefferson school, uud he will ride into power
by a more triumphant majority than has been given
for a Democratic candidate during this century.
Great Cattle—One of the Largest Stock
Farmers in the World.—We copy the following
from a late number of the Albany Knickerbocker:
“ Some of the finest cattle we ever saw were
brought to this city Inst Saturday on the Central
Railroad. There were thirty-four head, with an ave
rage weight of two thousand four hundred pounds.
They sold for ten cents a pound live weight, which
is equal to $2lO each. They were grown by B. F.
Harris*of Champagne, Illinois, who has one hun
dred head of the same weight still to bring to mar
ket. Mr. Harris is one oft he largest stock farmers
in the world. Ilis farm contains four thousand
acres. lie keeps usually übout 500 head of cattle
and 600 head of hogs. About the first of May he turns
the cattle on the prairie, and they graze under the
control of mounted herdsmen, who pen them at
night. By the first of autumn his herds with the
wide range of rich prairie, reach the climate of bo
vine perfection, and a more attractive sight can not
be found. Through the winter those intended for
spring sale are stall fed, requiring 100 bushels of
corn to feed a good sized ox. In the winter of
1748-’9 this gentleman stall fed 982 cattle, and
bought 56,000 bushels of corn. In the year 1853
Mr. Harris fed and sold a hundred head ot beeves;
their average weight was 1,866 pounds. These; were
the extraordinary lot which took the premium at the
World’s Fair at New York. The average of cat
tle herds usually marketed will not exceed 1,500
pounds gross.
Death of Young Hammond. —The Atlanta In
tdlipcnccr says : —Our readers will remember the
horrible death of Amos W. Hammond, Jr., who was
found on the morning of Christmas last affixed to
the cow-catcher of the passenger engine of the Ma
con 6c Western Railroad. We stated in our notice
of the affair that suspicions were afloat that the
young man had been foully dealt with. Nothin#,
however, definite at that time could be proven, and
the matter has remained to the present a mystery to
those who believed otherwise than that his death
was the result of an accident. At length, however,
after the lapse of three months, the question of young
Hammond f s death has been revived. We* learn
that a woman by the name of Taylor appeared be
fore the Grand Jury on Tuesday, and charged two
men, by the name of Taylor and Harrison, and a
woman, by the name of Davis, with the murder of
Hammond. We have not learned the nature of her
testimony ; it was sufficient, however, to induce the
Grand Jury to find true bills against all the parties.
The woman, Davis, has been arrested ; Taylor suc
ceeded in escaping, after being shot at by the She
riff. Harrison, we learn, is in jail at Chattanooga-
The entire matter will soon undergo the investi
gation of a regular trial, wheu we will inform our
readers of the result.
Famine at Cape Verde Islands. —The Salem
(Mass.) Register of the 6th iust. T says : We learn
from Capt. J. J. Rider, who arrived at this port yes
terday, that the situation of the Islands is fast ap
proaching a crisis. Want and misery prevail to an
alarming extent. By the arrival of a small quanti
ty of food from Brazil, and the. strenuous exertions
of the Governor General, who had used all his in
fluence and power, actual starvation, except in a
few instances at St. Antonio, has thus far been held
at bay ; but 'tis certain that the supply of food will
soon be exhausted, more particularly at Bonavista,
St. Nicholas, and the other most windward islands -.
and even should there be abundant rains the coming
season, seed will be wanted , and a new crop can
not be harvested until the next winter, say
January till March. They will, therefore, require
outside assistance for from nine to twelve months to
come, and their expressions of hope turn to the Uni
ted States as their only source of relief.
Singular Death.— The Paris papers record
with curious details the death by starvation of a
learned man of letters, named Alexeuder Tinconi.—
He resided at No. 7 Rue de Vieux Augustins, where,
surrounded by a mass of books ana manuscripts,
he passed whole days so absorbed in his excessive
passion for study as quite to forget the wants of his
physical nature. At last, if we can believe the re
port, he actually died of voluntary, or rather invol
untary, starvation. The body was quite overlooked
bv him. Epidermis and stomach were equally ne
glected. He had not changed an article of his cloth
ingfor more than two years. His library and col
lection of curiosities were valuable ; a part of them
are left bv his will to one of the public libraries of
Paris, rfis fortune, which though not largo, was
more than sufficient to have satisfied all reasonable
wants, is left to the poor of the parish in which he
latterly resided. Tinconi was born in Constantino
ple, and had at one time occupied a high political
position.
Accident to a Lecturer—A curious event oc
curred a few days ago (says the Galignani’s Messen
ger,) in the University of Leipsic. Dr. Reclam, Pro
fessor of legal medicine, was lecturing on nicotine ;
and to show the deadly effects ofthe poison, he ad
ministered a large dose of it to a large dog. The
animal, which was lying on its back, was immedi
ately seized with convulsions, and ejected a consid
erable portion of the poison with great violence. It
struck the Professor m the face, and some of it en
tered his mouth. The doctor was immediately
seized with all the symptoms of poisoning, but anti
dotes were promptly applied ana he was soon placed
out of danger ; but he .-uffered greatly, and had to
be conveyed home.
Mr. Soule's Mission to Spain. —The New York
Herald understands that Mr. Soule has completed
his book, and that it will probably be issued from
the press in season for the great Democratic Con
vention in CincinnatL It will create a prodigiou3
sensation, or else we are much mistaken. Mr. Soule
has not put himself to the trouble of writing a book
without an intention of making “Rome howl/’ Pre
sident Pierce will be raked mercilessly, while Secre
tary Marcy may look for such a scathing and sear
ing as he never'experienced before. Even his tough
hide, supposed to be the toughest in the world, will
writhe under the sharp lash of our irate ex-Miniater.
— Sat. Rep.
It has come to light, in recent debates in the Brit
ish Parliament, that immediately after the battle of
Inkerm&n (which was heralded to the world as a
great and glorious triumph of the Allied arms and a
most damaging blow to Russia,; some of the British
officere advised a retreat from the Crimea and aban
donment of the siege of Sebastopol. Sir De Lacy
Evans admits that Ee urged this coarse upon Lord
Raglan.
Galena—l mere*tin* Statistics.
A correspondent of the New York Tiibune , un
der date March 24, furnishes that journal the follow
ing interest statistics of the business and growth,
and the probable prospects of Galena, Illinois :
I send you the following tabular statement show
ing the shipments of lead from Galena, being the
of the Upper Mississippi load mines from
1842 to 1855, inclusive:
Year. Pigs. Pounds. Value.
1847 772,556 54,085,920 1,714,523 63
1848 684,969 47,737,830 1,546 705 69
1849 628,934 44,025,380 1,615,731 44
1850 568,589 38,301,230 1,571,651 66
1851 474,115 33,188,050 1,534,062 43
1852 408,628 28,603,960 1,178,483 05
1853 425,814 29,306,980 1,639,383 90
1854 423,617 29,653,100 1,630,925 45
1855 430,365 30,125,550 1,732,219 02
Total 7,859,241 556,019,149 $20,201,133 86
From the above statement it will be seen that
there has been shipped since 1841 7,859,241 pigs of
lead, weighing 50t>,019,149 pounds, worth at the
place of shipment $20,201,133
Nothing can more conclusively show the wealth
aud importance of the mining region of the Upper
Mississippi than the above statement. The hard
cash paid out annually for lead iu this city for the
last thirteen years has averaged more thun a million
of dollars. The consequence is that this city and
surrounding country have increased in wealth and
population very rapidly within that time.
From a population of fifteen hundred, which the
toim ot Galena had iu 1840, the present city num
bers nearly as many thousands, and the increase iu
wealth and commerce has been in a still greater
ratio. It is the second city in the State, and in point
of steanibout tonnage and river commerce is the
third town on the Mississippi river. New Orleans
and St. Louis only having a greater amount. There
are now about thirty steamboats owned here, which
ply between Galena and St. Paul, and between Ga
lena and Rock Island and St. Louis.
The Galena aud Minnesota Packet Company
alone have thirteen boats, some of them the finest
boats that ever floated on the Great Father of Wa
ters. This company propose running a twice
daily line the coming season from Galena to St.
Paul, besides a daily line to Rock Island. This city
being the great ceutre of trade for the vast empire
northwest ot us, the rapidly increasing population
and business of the country has demuiufeu a great
increase of our steamboat tonnage. In considera
tion of the large amount of our river commerce,
and the great number of boatmen engaged in the
trade, Congress has made provision for building a
marine hospital here, and a building is now much
needed for a custom house and post office.
Arrangements are now being made for the con
struction of white-lead works here, and there is no
other point in the United States where a manufacto
ry of this kind would be as profitable. Many other
branches of manufacture are going forward, and the
coining season will show a greater amount of build
ing and improvement than any other three former
years. A thousand mechanics would find employ
ment here during the whole season.
The De Soto House, the finest and most magnifi
cent hotel in the Northwest, is a moument to the en
terprise and taste of our citizens. It was built by
a joint stock company, and cost SIOO,OOO.
The Mississippi river is not yet open, and there is
no prospect of it for several days.
Startling Fuel* about English Else Insurance
Companies.
Mr. Horace Mayhew, the well known author of
Loudon Labor and the London Poor, has been visit
ing the vatious Insurance Offices in London for the
purpose of procuring statistics ns the effect of in
surances upon the duration of human life, and the
statement he publishes is of painful interest :
The secretary of one office said that, although ho
could call to mind no recent well-authenticated case
of poisoning for the sake of insurance money, it
was quite certain that the lives of persons insured
were frequently tampered with. They were en
couraged to dissipation, drink, and the means of pro
curing drink were constantly placed within their
reach; and there had been cases of men, whose
lives were insured, who had been urged to ride stee
ple chases by persons to whom their policies had
been assigned.
At the second office visited, the secretary knew
of the recent, death of a gentleman in Scotland,
whose life had been insured for a very large sum.—
Soon after the payment of the first premium, he was
found dead on a moor, with the back of his head
blown off. The mode in which he met his death
had not been explained. The secretary assured
Mr. Mayhew many times that more gambling in
lives hud taken place during the lust two years than
had ever been known before.
The secretary of the third office stated that the
frauds on life insurance companies had increased
considerably during the lust two years. Sometimes
rich men would insure the lives of mere paupers
merely as a speculation.
The following fucts were obtained at the fourth
office; B. was a confirmed drunkard and knew that
he had a feeble hold on life. A woollen warehouse
man in Cheapside, taking advantage of this fact, got
him to insure his life in several offices, and gave him
a commission on every insurance he effected. In
time, B. got his life insured in numerous offices,
and to a large amount. Before going to the insur
ance offices lie would be made to abstain from drink
during two or three days. He hud then to take a
warm bath, was dressed in a new suit of clothes and
ultimately treated to a gentle stimulant. When the
desired insurance had been effected, B. was encour
aged to drink as much as he liked. It was not long
before B. died, the wolleu draper brought an action
against the insurance company for the money paya
ble on B’s. death, but the insurance company contes
ted the claim.
The secretary of another office would not insure
the life of a wife in favor of her husband, and did
not think any other office would. Certainly he
would not accept the life on a surgeon’s wife. It was
certainly true, that the mortality among insured
females was greater than among insured males.
Greely on Georgia Mem hers.—Horace Greely
seems disposed to be quite complimentary to the
members of the House from Georgia. In his sketch
of a debate on the Ist iust., he thus alludes to a
speech made by Judge Warner :
“Judge Warner from Georgia made to-day in the
House (Committee of the "Whole) the ablest, calm
est, most thorough and effective Pro-Slavery speech
ot the session, lie assumed that slave labor im
poverishes and exhausts soils ; that continued ex
pansion is essential to its existence and must be
had. He wanted no Federal law for Slavery—it
made the law for itself.”
By the way, the Georgia Democracy were quite
shocked when Mr. Foster extorted a compliment
from the same source early in the session—bow do
they feel when Judge Warner, their own man, is
praised by the Abolitionists ?— Snv. Rep.
John R. Scott, the Tragedian. —Mr. Scott, one
of the most famous of American actors, died at
Philadelphia, on the 2d, inst., of apoplexy. He was
born in Philadelphia, October 17, 1809, and made
his first appearance at the Park Theatre in 1829, ns
Malcolm, in ‘“Macbeth.” He had a fine figure,
handsome appearance, and a powerful and melodi
ous voice, llis style was not unlike that of Mr.
Forrest, whom he resembled in personal appearance.
He had more versatillity than Forrest, was quicker,
more electric, more passionate, and not at all care
ful, studious or industrious, all of which Mr. Forrest
is and ever has been. When Mr. Scott first acted
he met with great success, and many well informed
persons thougnt they saw in him a rival to Mr. Fer
rest; but Mr. Scott’s habits of life were not such as
lead a man to greatness in any vocation, and although
always a favorite actor, he never achieved the po
sition to which his undeniable talent entitled him.
He went to England in 1817, and played an engage
ment at the Princess Theatre, then under the man
agement of Maddox. Since that time he has acted as
a star iu the various cities and towns throughout
the United States, with varying fortunes. Per
sonally, Mr. Scott was exceedingly popular with
a very wide circle of friends in every section of the
Union. He leaves a widow, but no children.— N. Y.
Herald.
The Cotton Crop. —The New York Post, o
Thursday evening, says:
“The probable crop of cotton this season is ex
citing great interest and much betting on the
amount of the yield. The point on whicli the bet
ting turns is whether the yield will be 3,500,000
bales or not. The odds at present appear to be in
favor that it will. A well known cotton operator
arrived yesterday from Mobile, and on meeting his
brother dealers at a leading cotton broker’s in Wall
street, stated that no further receipts of any amount
would be obtained from Alabama, and that prices
must rise considerably. Immediately a bet of SSOO
was offered to him that the yield would be alto
gether three and a half millions, which he accepted,
and numerous other betsjwere also offered. Many
thousand dollars are thus staked on the cotton yield.
The dealers in this city seem to favor the highest
amount stated. Numerous bets are also being made
on the price of cotton. Those who favor the lowest
estimate of yield bet in favor of high prices. The
market altogether appears very much excited. The
certain return of peace in Europe, and the well
known short stocks in the hands of spinners, afford
much matter for speculation. Many parties are
buying speculatively for an advance/'
Railroads in Austrian Italy.— The treaty for
the sale and concession of the Austrian railways in
Italy to the section of capitalists headed by the
Rothschilds (of London and Paris) bus been defini
tively arranged. They are to purchase 273 English
miles, which are already completed, and to under
take 223 miles which remain to be constructed in
addition to t! e Central Italian line. The total net
work to come into their possession will therefore
comprise about 080 English miles. The company
are to pay for the finished lines .£2,400,000 by in
stalment, spread over six years, with £CCO,OOO ad
ditional iu case the average profits during that time
shall exceed seven percent. The whole capital re
quired is estimated at £10,000,000, on which the
Austrian government guarantees 5 per cent.
Female Liquor Riot in Indiana.—A bout three
fourths of the women of Princeton, Indiana, held a
meeting on the 22d ult., at which they resolved that
no more liquor should be sold in that town. On the
same day they armed themselves with axes, hatch
ets, etc., and in a body set to work to mob all the
liquor shops and destroy all the liouor. The first
shop reached was a place called “Gollaher’s Finish,’
the burly proprietor of which stood at his door, de
claring that he would sell whenever he pleased. He
disregarded the warning, whereupon the women
broke into the shop with their axes, and destroyed bot
tles. kegs, barrels, jugs, liquor and all. The liquor
dealer had fled at the commencement of the work.
The next place reached was a German shop, known
as “ Rntenfrauz’s.” where the proprietor also re
fused to pledge himself to sell no more. His lager
was speedily emptied into the gutter. A number of
other shops were then visited, the liquor ferreted
out and destroyed, and only one vender escaped.
This was a man named Kolb, who had always borne
a very high character among his neighbors, as a
man who conducted the business in the best possi
ble manner. He gave the required pledge to sell
no more, and his liquor was spared. The newspa
pers of that locality publish approvingly long ac
counts of these proceedings.
A Shocking Murder.— The Mobile Tribune of
the sth instant, says : For a day or two past, a ru
mor has prevailed in the city that a Mr. Burden,
living in Newbern, Greene county, in this State,
had been murdered. The rumor proves to be cor
rect. By a letter written from Greene, dated 30th
alt., we learn that on the eight of the 2fith some per
son, unknown, threw a stone through a glass win
dow at Mr. Burden while setting in his bed-room.
The damaged glass was not repaired during the fol
lowing day, Thursday : and at night, after Mr. B.
had retired to bed, and while Mrs. B. and the chil
dren were in an adjoining room, a gun was thrust
through the aperture in the window and discharged,
the contents lodging in the bead of Mr. B. and “blow
ing it into fragments.” Although the report of the
gun was heard, and its result immediately ascer
tained, the efforts to secure the perpetrator of the
deed were unsuccessful. _
Very Intzrresting.— ln the lastnnmbcrof the
Boston Liberator, the saintly William Lloyd Garri
son takes the Rev. Theodore Parker and the very
Rev. Henry Ward Beocber, roundly to task for their
enthusiastic labors in the collection of rifles for the
defence of “freedom in Kansas.” Garrison particu
larly admonishes brother Beecher of the example
iinn teachings of tbs divine founder of Christianity.
and quotes largely from the New Testament to prove
that the belligerent Presbyterian profsssor is off the
treok.
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERIES VOL. XX. NO. 16
From the A 7 . O. Picayune , sth iwtt.
Metairie Courae ltnces—Spring Meeting.
There was another full attendance at the Metai
rie Course yesterday, to witness the race for the
purse, two mile heats, and wo do not believe that a
more contented set of peoplo over left a course.
The day was bright and beautiful, the course was
in unexceptionable order, and two ol the contending
nags were of established reputation. There was
every reason to anticipate fine sport, and the result
proved that these anticipations were well founded.
The entries wore Cary Bell, Corporal Trim and Tom
McGufiiu. The last named was decidedly the fa
vorite in the betting circle before the race, as much
as two to one being offered on him, with very few
takers. Just before the start, however, from some
cause unknown to us, the favorite appeared to lose
ground, and even bets were offered against him,
which were freely taken. After the start, indeed,
we heard 100 to 40 offered against him, which were
snapped up, however, as quick as proffered Mo
Guilin had won a race last fall, over this course, and
Cary Bel! recently made a fine race over the Mobile
Course. The Corporal was Almost entirely uuknown,
vet the “knowing ones” who were betting against
McGuffiu appeared to relv principally upon him
First Heat. —All three horses got otF well togeth
er, Cary Bell in the lead, Tom McQufiin following,
and Corporal Trim in the rear. This position was
maintained until they rounded into the home stretch,
when the Corporal ran up, passed McGufiiu, and
took his plain* close behind Cary Bell, ami in this
position they passed the stand iu 1:53. Gn the back
stretch of the second mile, the Corporal again made
play, and began a fierce contest with Cary Bell,
which wins continued down the homestretch, und re
sulted in his winning the heat, by about half a length,
in 3:42. Time of the last mile, 1:49.
The betting was perfectly wild, now nil sorts of
odds being offered on the field against McGuftin.—
No one appeared to think that the “white-tailed Ala
bama horse’’ stood the ghost of a chance, so that the
fielders relied entirely on Corporal Trim. MeGufflns
friends were rather shy of these offers, but we no
ticed several extravagant odds picked up by them ns
soon as offered.
Second Heat. —There wan another good start,
McGuffin loading off, the gray next and Carv Bell
clone behind. On the back stretch, the gray crush
ed for the lead, and for a lime the result seemed
doubtful, but ns they came around the home stretch,
it was seen that McGuflin was still in the lead, with
the gray close on his tiankH. The first mile was run
in 1:49, and as they pas*ed the stand the shouts of
the spectators cheered the riders and testified to the
appreciation of the excellence of the contest. On
the back stretch of the second mile, the gray made
another desperate struggle, which was continued
until after they eutered the homo stertch, but it
was unsuc.essful, and McGuttiu came in an appa
rently easy winner. Time of the last mile I:4B*—of
the heat 3:37 j.
McGuffin was now again reinstated in favor, and
became the favorite at three and four to one. The
time of the heat astonished everybody, and the re
sult was not so decisive as to discourage the back
ers of the gray colt, so that tlio betting was rather
lively.
Third Heat. —Tom McGuffin got the lead, Cary
Bell next, and the Corporal a little in the rear, in
which position they ran round to the buck stretch.
Here Cary Bell stumbled and nearly threw his rider,
and before he recovered Corporal Trim had passed
him, and rushed at Tom. The latter retained his
position, however, until they entered the home
stretch, when Abe, who was riding the Corporal,
made another desperate brush, but was again un
successful, Tom leading past the stand, making the
mile in 1:51, Cary Bell being far in the rear. These
brushes of the Corporal were repeated throughout
the last mile, Tom shaking him off each time, until
the last quarter, when Abe applied the persuaders to
the Corporal, and he and Tom came under the string
together, so close that it was impossible to distin
guish which was ahead. The judges announced a
dead heat—The time of the heat, 3:44.
The burst of enthusiasm caused by the announce
ment, is one of those affairs upon the turf which must
be seen and felt to be fully appreciated—the crowd
seemed wild with joy—and well they might be, for
such a contest from the commencement to tho close,
the old turfites have rarely witnessed.
Fourth Heat. —Tho story of this heat Is soon told.
Tho gray got off ahead ; McGuffin trailing close be
hind. The latter’s condition and superior endurance
were now apparent, and ho soon took the lead,
which he kept throughout, winning tho heat and
race without a difficulty. Time, 3:49.
The following Is the
SUMMARY:
Friday, April 4 —l*urse S3O0 —Two mile boats.
001. A. L. Biugaman’R eh. g.,Tom McGuffin,
by Ruffian, ont of La Bacchante, 4y. 0... 3 1 0 1
D. F. Kenner’s gr. c. Corporal Trim, by imp.
Belshazzar, dam by imp. Priam, 3y. 0... 1 2 0 2
W. L. Nunualeo's b. c. Cary Bell, by Wagner,
dam by imp. Hedgford, 3y. o 2 3 (list.
Time:
First Heat. Second Heat. Third Heat. Fourth Heat.
Ist mile 1:53 I Ist mile 1:49 I Ist mile 1:51 I Ist mile 1:54
2d “ 1:49 2d “ 1:481 ‘-id “ 1:53 2d “ 1:55
3:42 I 3:371 | 3:44 | 3:49
We cannot close this report without the expres
sion of the opinion that the regular meeting at tho
Metairie Course, which is to oommence on Tuesday
next, bids fair to excel inspirited contests, even tho
great events of the two past seasons. Wc shall
take occasion in due time to notice more particular
ly the brilliant treat in store for us.
Florence Nightingale. —ln a recent lecture
delivered by Mr. Augustus Stafford, M. P., re
counting his visits to the East in 1854 and 1855, ho
paid this fine tribute to the noble exertions of Miss
Florennce Nightingale, in her mission of benev
olence :
“So dire was the aspect of affairs at Scutari that
it seemed as if Heaven had forsaken us, and as if
our sins had given us over to destruction. At this
juncture came Florence Nightingale, and then order
arose out of chaos. Our story brightened from tho
arrival of that lady there, lie wan at Scutari in the
autumn of 1854, and then he saw the horrors which
all had heard described, and which he would not
attempt to describe again. He was there in the
autumn of 1855, and all was changed. Confusion
had given place to order, filth to cleanliness, the ag
gravation or neglect of every human suffering to
the mitigation of all the evils of war. But there
was one thing not changed. He found among onr
soldiers the same good feeling, the same noble de
meanour, the same heroic spirit tliut he had wit
nessed the year before. Anu there was another thing
not changed ; for in the same little room, with no
luxuries and very few comforts, engaged in her
ceusless work, there he found Florence Nightingale.
Considering the difficulties she hud had to contend
with, she had been one of the tew tliut had not dis
appointed England. He was in the French tent
hospital at the front of tho camp, and they owned
that in the comforts and luxuries supplied to the
sick and wounded they oould no longer compete
with us. He asked Miss Nightingale, “What do
you think of the soldiers now?" She said, “They
have their faults, and those who in their several
positions in life may feel that they have a little ne
glected the education of the lower orders will by
the last to blame those brave men for the faults
they do possess ; but they respond to kindness and
they recognize discipline, and, for ourselves, wo
have never heard from them one word or seen one
gesture that might not have been fitted for tho
drawing-room. They have been to us, and to all
the ladies, gentlemen and Christians.” He asked
one poor fellow what he thought of Miss Nightingale,
and the reply was—‘Well, I hope she will go up to
Heaven before she dies.’ ”
Graphic Delineation of the Miseries and
Effects of Intemperance.—The following is the
most graphic delineation of the miseries and effects
of intemperance that wo have ever seen—it is from
the arguments advanced by certain citizens of Port
age county, Ohio, in a memorial to the Legislature
on the subject:
“And yet its march of ruin Is onwurd still! It
reaches abroad to others—invades the family and
social circles—and spreads woe and sorrow all
around. It cuts down youth in its vigor—manhood
in its strength—and age iu his weakness. It breaks
the father’s heart—bereaves the douting mother—
extinguishes natural affection—erases conjugal love
—blots out filial attachment—blights parental hope
—and brings down mourning age in sorrow to the
grave. It produces weakness, not strength ; sick
ness, not health ; death, not life. It makes wives
widows—children orphans—fathers fiends—and all
of them paupers and beggars. It hulls fevers—
feeds rheumatisms—nurses gout—welcomes epi
demics—invites cholera—imparts pestilence, and
embraces consumption. It covers the land with
idleness, poverty, disease and crime. It fills your
juils—supplies your alms houses—and demands your
asylums. It engenders controversies—fosters quar
rels—and cherishes riots. It condemns law—spurns
order —und loves mobs. It crowds your peniten
tiaries—and furnishes the victims for your scaffolds.
It is the life-blood of the gambler—the aliment of
the counterfeiter—the prop of the highwayman, and
the support of the midnight incendiary.
“It countenances the liar—respects the thief—
and esteems the blasphemer. It violates obligation
—reverences fraud—and honors infamy. It delames
benevolence—hates love—scorns virtue—and slan
ders innocence. It incites the father to butcher his
offspring —helps the husband to massacre his wife—
ana aids the child to grind his parricidal axe. It
bums up man—consumes woman—detests life—
curses God—and despises Heaven.
“It suborns witnesses—nurses penury—defiles
the jury box—and stains the judicial ermine. It
bribes votes—disqualifies voters—corrupts elections
—pollutes our institutions—and endangers our go
vernment. It degrudes the citizen—-debases the
legislator—dishonors the statesman —and disarms
the patriot. It brings shame, not honor , terror,
not safety ; despair, not hope ; misery, not happi
ness. And now, as with the malevolence of a fiend,
it calmly surveys its frightful desolations, and
insatiate with havoc, it poisons felicity—kills pence
niius morals—blights confidence—slays reputa
tion—and wipes out national honor —then curses
the world—and laughs at its ruin.”
The Trump Card.—A treaty has just been most
inopportunely unearthed—said to have been agreed
to by the Emperors of Austria and Russia, arid the
King of Prussia, just after Louis Napoleon’s assump
tion of the Imperial dynasty—whereby the three
lowers bound themselves not to “recognize” the
»eire of the new French dynasty. Supposing such
a Treaty ever was mode, it ia only a new demon
stration of the old saying that “men change,”—and
“circumstances alter cases.” Among the first to
congratulate the Emperor upon the birth of the
King of Algiers, we are told, were the members of
the Peace Conference, sitting in Paris—among
whom, of course, are the representatives of Russia.
Austria and Prussia—the three nations that were
not going to “recognize” the offspring of “the par
venu Emperor.”
New York, April 7.—On Saturday morning n tin
box containing drafts and notes of hand to the
amount of 43,000 was stolen in rather an ingenious
manner from the office of Mr. Norman Jackson, bill
broker in Wall street. It appears that his boy was
returning from the Bank to Mr. Jackson h office
with the box, and when about entering tho office
was accosted by a well-dressed man, who asked for
Mr. Jackson, and on being informed that he was not
iu, seemed to be much disappointed, and asked the
boy to take a note for him to No. 391, South street.
The boy unguardedly consented to do so, and went
off, leaving the box. When he returned, both box
and stranger were missing.
The exports of specie from this port during last
week amounts to $1,218,922 76, of which $68,000 in
gold and silver, ana $494,100.77 in gold bars and
coin, were sent by the Fulton,forHavre to-day.
The Persia, on Wednesday, took out $585,086.99,
and not $500,000 only, as reported. The Tennessee
for Laguayra on Monday, had SIO,OOO in silver and
SBI,OOO in gold. Total from Ist January to data,
$3,802,543.70. Same time last year, $5,873,2*>5.19.
Navigation through the Ice.—A London pa
per describes tho process of keeping the river Elbe
open through the winter, for the purpose of naviga
tion, the increased commercial business of Hamburg
making it a desirable object to have a ready access
to it all the seasons of the year. A screw steamer,
built of iron, was employed, trimmed by the mem.
to bring her fore top up and to present an lncuuea
plane to the action of tho ioo. Tuu ice was nine in
ches thiok, and was broken with perfect eas<i tor a
channel of sixty or seventy feet in width, toe boat
only working daring ebb tide -freeing the vessels
from the float ing cakes. At a branch of the Elbe
the ice had aecumlated fire feet thick, yet even th ft
compact mass was attacked and removed in a short
time The ice was cut through at tho rate of a mile
an hour of the steamer’s whole oourse, and this was
accomplished by a vessel not peculiarly fitted for the
purpose. _
There are now 934 hote’s and 931 eating h< lues iu
the eity o ( Philadelphia.
TUe Want of Phyalcnl t'rnluiu^.
There can be no question that in this div the
value of education is fully understood and tfic ad
vantages it lutnisbet i ;
ted. me question is rather pressing itself whether
incur anxiety to make our children precociously
learned we are not doing injustice to their full. •
prospects in life by unduly cultivating the mental
faculties at the expense of the development, of the
physical organizations. Physiologists, physicians
and even common observers,* are constantly telling
us of the deterioration of the people of this country
in physical status, and in proof ot what they allego
point to the weak, fragile forms of our youth, which
in too many instance: seem to be already the abode
of disease at an age when buoyant spirits and robust
health should be the kindly gift of nature. It would
be a too sweeping conciusion.to ascribe to any
one practice, however deleterious, this evil which
proceeds from a general neglect of hygienic law, but
we are oouviuced that the forced system of educa
tion now in vogue, with its prolonged hours of study,
its multiplicity of branches, and over stimulating
influence upon tin* brain, has to answer for a wiy
serious amount of the producing causes that h,
raising in all our large cities a puny nervous r,. cl
boys unfitted to grapple with the tasks of latei liw,
and of girls who as mothers will perpetuato their
own inadequate physical organisation.
When an evil grows so serious as to present itself
prominently to public attention there is hope of its
correction, and we are glad to see that the investi
gation directed towards our system of education b
no longer casual or cursory, but is assuming n defi
nite purpose, aud exposing clearly the dangers to
wards which we are tending. The voice of warn
ing is issuing from influential quarters, and the pen
alty of cramming our youth with knowledge, and of
overworking anu overtasking their mental powcis
whilst the body is neglected or refused tl:«* exercise
and fresh air necessary to its development, pointed
out with a clearness that shoukl u waken alarm and
cull imperatively for reform. The American Medi
cal Monthly has spoken pertinently and well upon
this subject, and its remarks should bring reflection
to the minds of parents, leading them t<» examine
whether the child in whose proficiency they tak• so
much pritlo is not somewhat like those attractive,
flowers with which our gardeners tempt purchasers
in the eurly spring, forced into pn-mature brilliancy
by hot house culture, but quickly perishing win n
removed from the atmosphere in which it has at
once grown into early life and found the way to ear
ly decay.
“We have often queried (says tho American
Monthly) whether there were not somethi. s; decid
edly wrong in the amount of time that the Common
School demands of our children for study, and the
still greater amount that it spoils for unreal ion.
“Our city schools require—and it nm -uais to
almut the same thing throughout the State■■--that tho
scholar shall ho on hand from 9 o'clock till land
from IV4 to 3. Now 5$ hours would not be too much
for any healthful child, if with tin* ringing of the dis
missal bell then- come a season of relaxation until 9
of the next day. But when wc meet our boy of
ten years old returning from sohocl, we find him n)
ways loaded down with books—geography, astro
nomy, physiology, and half n scon* ot 11 - soil be
sides—in several of which he assures ua that ho
must, get a lesson before morning. And upon tin
ther inquiry, wo find that except exerciser in arithm.
tic, reading, spelling, mid writing, all his studying
is to be done out of school hours! Os course, if ho
is bright, he soon learns how to make slant work <>t
lessons, and by hurried or stolen reviews in sohoi.l
to “stuff” for recitation. But if ho is dull he hm a
harder lot. Coining home from school lie is jaded
and weary. Ho loathes the sight of n bo«>k H.
longs to put his old “trowsera” cm and kneel inti
gutter or on the crossing to have one good game
marbles, or he agonizes fora game of call, or “tne '
He wants to expand hie lungs and stretch his 1<
anti shako himself unhampered by a nice coat,
out of the sight of grumbling teachers or 'piano
“The prudent parent may consent to this in tho
summer time, but in winter there is no larger nmi
gin for play between the last hour of school and tho
first of niglit that a supper of proper length dm: Id
entirely occupy, and none like to have their chihh . n
out rioting alter dark. Then, with the coming dark
the lad must nit down to his books. Undci th nmat
favorable circumstances he shares a light with the
members of the family, and while they talk of new
dresses and gossip of the day’s ass airs, he mils', keep
his attention of problems that ho abominates, ot
strive perpetually to commit the memory dates,
names, figures, in which he can have no mortal intei
cut. He is three times as long about it as if ho had
learned the same lesson in school; has acquired a
habit of studying lazily, or rather has fallen into a
lmbit of “mocking” over books and cnlling il •-'nib, ,
besides finding his temper soured, and his spirits
broken by the constant repetition of rebuki s that
really kind parents and sistein inflict upon him for
listening to their conversation rather limn uttemliu - t
to his business. But with the end of his. labors it i»
bed time, and with the end of breakfast it is school
time again. So whatever of recreation, whale v trot
physicial training, whatever of developing i it of nui
ole or exercise of body he gets, is stolen during tho
week or lumped together upon Saturday, when th . re
is no school.”
Truly it may bo said that no more ingenious way
than this could be adapted to secure a ptfiiy race ( .i
people; of youths who are wonders in eupcrlh i.d
and showy knowledge, and ot adolescence that has
neither ability or energy left in it to build upon tl«<-
foundation secured the superstructure of solid at
tuinnient. Tho mind is surfeited not fed, whilst the
body is ignored, and its organs mortified at the pe
riodwhen they require tho aids that are to give to
them solidity as well as expansion. But this tmm
miug system is not only destructive to tho health cl
those subjected to It, but it also defeats its own ob
ject. Mr. McKeen, the . late Superintendent of the
New-York schools, by his long and thorough experi
ence is able to speak definitely of its intellectimi t •
suits, and he says :
“ It is a sad mistake, common in the schools of our
time; that children arc bene fitted by having many
studies at the same time, carried on collaterally. Tho
evils of numerous feeble expressions upon tho brain
instead of a few that are deep and lasting, arc all un
suspected. A precocious display of various scholar
ship exhibited on some public occasion i* token as
proof of the superiority of th« school. Pin. ..il
friends and parents come to the conclusion that the
school is an extraordinary one, or that tlx children
are prodigies. Little do they suspect tliut instead
of u thorough knowledge of rudiments that will h
useful in the prosecution of scientific studies tho
children have boon allowed and encouraged to an
ticipate conclusions, and have thus been trained to
sciolism and superficiality. This appearand: of ear
ly ripeness is a misfortune It allows us to take too
much for granted.”
The evidence of the evils resulting from this sys
tem ore cumulative, and the slightest examination
serves to bring them to light in the greatest abun
dance. An association established at Washington
having for its object the “Health of tho People,”
and the encouraging of remedies for its preserva
tion, declares that the “more examination is made
as to female health, tho more will our assertion be
verified that not two women in ten now enjoy the
vigor «Dd health which was tho common lot cl our
maternal ancestors." That tho prospects of tho
children arc still darker, would appear by similar
investigations. As a specimen, two facts are men
ioned :
“In a portion of our country, as healthy as any
other, two female institutions—one in a city and the
other in tho country—wero examined. In the city
school one hundred and eight were examined Os
these three-fourths had more or less had headaches
and other ailments, while thirty five had curvature
of the spine (lateral) indifferent stages. In the
country school of one hundred and nine examined
not less than fifty (near one half) had more or less
curvature of the spine—this being one of the sun-st.
indications of a feeble constitution. Beside* this
evil, projecting necks, round shoulder.* and flufc
chests were altogether iu the majority in both insti
tutions/’
“It parents, toachers and sobool committees will
but prosecute such inquiries, they will find similar re
sults in all directions, especially in those schools
where thd childreu have been most stimulated to
study without caring for their bodies.
“In such schools, besides curved spines, projecting
nooks, round shoulders, and flat cheeks, will be seen
a marked change in the complexion of childhood,
compared with that of former generations. Fifty
years ago in our school houses, especially in the
Northern Btatee, the ruddy hue of the English skin
and the rosy cheek, were the most common features
of childhood, while now a thick bloodless white or
the sallow skin are altogether in the majority.”
The “Boston Friends of Education” having tho
same evils in view, discourage the practice of giv
ing to the public school children tasks to learn out of
school, as a measure necessary to save the next
generation from its threatened impotence. This ne
cessity of physical training iu our schools, to be
made' an imperative part of tho practice of tli
scholar, and the duty of the teacher, is the d i eider n
tum that is now more greatly wanted than any ad
vanco in our systems of mental education. To learn
the young to love vigorous physical exercise and to
enjoy it, not only for present pleasure, but for itg
absolute necessity as n health-giving medium, is the
work that requires immediute and energetic effort.
The taste thus implanted will lust through, life giv
ing vigor to body, energy to the mind, and afford
ing in itself, at all times, ready and innocent means
of enjoyment. We should then no longer flud our
women limiting their out door exercise to u saunter
along Baltimore street, and returning fatigued but
not Dcuefitted, nor our men rejecting u scamper
over tho country or a walk of fiv« or ten miles as an
onerous task only to be undertaken upon compul
sion. Muscular vigor, powers of endurance, indepen
dence, decision and generosity of character, courage
and presence of cheerfulness and strength of
the intellectual faculties are in the products of pro
per physical training, and they are to be secured on
ly by proper attention to the equal development of
the body und mind. L»-t every parent, n-member
these facts, now that the season for out door oxer
Oise ia approaching, and encourage and direct then
children m developing their physical powers by
spending the largest portion of their time in the open
air employed in exercises that may amuse the mind
and strengthen the body. The unor# fragile they
ore, the greater the development of their nervous
system, tho more imperative the need ol exercise
and fresh air, for as Iy>rd Bacon has well said “there
is no disease whose further development could not
be prevented, or which, ns its commencement,
could not have been cured by bodily exorcise.”**
Ball. Amer.
Railroad Accident learn that tho |niii
ganger train which Mt thin place Isst Monday mum
ing, came in collhnon jit half past 1 o'clock, V. M ,
on the curve at Anderson, the first station thin sido
of Stevenson, with a freight train coming in thin di
rectum. Both of the locomotive—(.lay mid Wat
teraoii —were ho badly damaged they could not pro
ceed. One man only was hurt. Aid w>.s immedi
ately despatched, and the passenger train sent on,
nfis<*ona.H possible. Tlie locomotive which win*
sent after the freight train, hitched on, ami started
back with it; another freight train toliov.-d on .
whilst Aftceuding the mountain to reach the tunnel,
the coupling which fastened the forward locomotive
to ita traiu, broke, and the train ran back with tre
mendous momentum upon the traiu which was iu
the rear. Heverul of the earn were mushed np, and a
number of the men on them killed. At the time of
writing this paragraph, it is not known how runny, or
who, were killed.
The above i« tho substance of the information
telegraphed h"re yesterday from Wii.-oh* at» i . Later
information, received laat night on the arrivfl ot tho
evening train, w hich was delayed tillnb-‘Ut 7 o'clock,
place a better complexion ou tlie mishap so fur ns
the loss of Ufo is concerned Mr. Jacob Glase, an
Engineer, was seriously, perhaps fatally scalded,
anda negro biakeman instantly killed. No hopes
are entertained of Mr. Glaee. lie is the brother of
David Glase, and ha* a wile in tiiie city. Dave is
quite a favorite in the printing offices bore, and
will receive tlie sincere sympathy of the cruft iu this
unfortunate calamity. —Saikvilte Patriot , 9/A inst.
Costa Rica. —The State with which Nicaragua
is now’ at war, adjoins its territory on the south, ft.
baa nn area of 15,000 square miles, and a population
estimated at -200,000. There are about In
diann, and thereat are chiefly mixed—what we would
call quadroons. The regular army is v« ry small—
two hundred men— but there is u militia force ol five
thousand. Wh are told that the latter Is good for
nothing. That remains to be proved. The Presi*
dent is elected for six years. San Jose is tlie capi
tal, and has thirty thousand inhabitants. The chief
seaport is Pouts Arenas, on the Pacific. Costa
Rioa is the only Central American Slate that has
paid its debts, and hns a balance ou tlie right side of
Its / ash book. The source ot its wealth is the culti
vation of coffee, which is shipped ch'efly to Euro pa
from the port above named. Tktru is u large
French and German population, which is iniuilcal to
Walker.
Ibe “Morning .Star” is the title of a new journal
that has just beeu commenced in Loud-n. It i*
sold at a penny a number