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Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
BY WM. S. JONES.
CHRONICLE A SENTINEL.
ic.
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Til CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
IMILV am# tri-wkekly,
Are aim* published at this office, and mailed to sub
ncrilier. at th. f.llowin* r»te», namely:
Daily Paper, if sent by mail,-.4' per annum.
1 ki-Wekki y Paper 5
Term* of A d vertltdnK.
The Weekly.—Seventy-five cents per square
in .-.- —for the first insertion, and fifty cents
or • <K-h -utmcquent insertion.
1856! THE 1856!
SOI TIIEUN (TLTIVATOR,
A tlOvrilLY JUI R.VAL,
HZ'. 'i ; K!> tX ' L'.. J i V ELY To Til I. IMPROVEMENT OF
turn Agriculture, Ihmimiiurt. Stock Breeding,
Poultry, He-a, tinurui b arm Economy, 6fC.
Z'luslrated wj:h Numerous Elegant Engravings.
ONE DOLLAR A VTTaK IN ADVAN’CE.
Da MLLLKL D am* d RLDMOND, Editors.
Tn • rui’cciitii Volume will commence
January 1856.
i. tivaTOH > a larK«- octavoof thirty-two pages,
«.f - X p»ic in the year, ft contain* a
i . w- - t v . a. ..Hint of t ea.ling matter than any Agri
ii.il .L.nrnul of t:.»* .-south—einbraciu#, in addition to
all th • current agriruttnral topic* of the day,
V A Li; A HLL ORK UNA L PONT RI JiUTIONS
of thf in intelligent Sind practical Planters,
Vh . ! Ilr.rtlimlturift* in every section of the South
TERMS:
Or r.Y 1 y.-ar. . SI! 2f* Com :s, 1 year S2O
y. IX «' 1 •* . . 5 I 100 •* 1 “ 75
Tut. <Jami ' r-ri.-t vill b<* rigidly adberetl to, and in
mii <• a I it... paj.i r 1..- . i.t iuilkm the ir.-.ney
<i, n,. i , , the order. The Mill* of ail specie-paying
15.5-i!. received at par. All money remitted by mail,
j....,t. , , iid, will he ;it the ri-k of the Puhlishers.
Advert iHemenm
In-.-rtednt One DOLLAR per hqttare of twelve lines,
each i l l rt:on ; - ue -jiai*-, per annum, TEN DOLLARS.
A \V >l. >. JUM>, AuaiiMln, <;».
‘ • per-on* who wiii act a* Agents, and obtain Nub
- .. ’a ;! l»efurni !.* d with the paperat Club prices.
i'OK saleTJ
FOR SAi.E,
r V Jr nd-r /to d, being .iesirmi* of leaving the State,
1 i ■ ts private-vie. ail hi* iIKAL LsTATH in
th.- t ah. \\ arr.n* i, Win rn « .unty, (la., eunsjstlng
< 1 Dwelling Hon and Lot of about live acres of
I, iid Also, hi- Cam Shop and Lot, Tools, Machine,
1. i.b. r, and all M Mo.-k, I ther with all his finished
and uniinished work.
:n fifteen to tiveutv thousand dollars worth of
w ork ran easily hr <l. ;■ 1* t, at good prices, at tliia
• j ctfnlly invited
-e it the pur
rh .> (ILOHdi: L. MOSHER.
Warrant Qa,, J je7-wtf
TOR SALE.
| OW odi-r my LANDS .. d PLANTATION on the
1 t miles north
of A inta an ! ... uille mth of the Ro iwell Cotton
Main to v. .ii Oobboni] DeKalh cun ties, containing
Six H un.i d Acres, more . r lews, with £ooacres in culti-
' cHe!, :.|e ■ f tile river. Th-re is a good Frame
is s- lino or
• • Cotton
mda Fon U bumedi \U on tl •
roa.l lend.:.!'from Atlanta to Upper (ieorgia ’ For fur
tiler purli* ti.'ars, apply to the subscriber on tin- premises.
WM. s. GEUQAK.
TOR SALE.
1(11- i i .1? F ARM for sal.-, in Oglethorpe county
K. It- II tiic walci ■.l Drove Creek, three miles north
• t l «-\ ::igt..ii. t .uitainiiig about nine hundred acres.
I !.-11 jda ud i.fro- in I productive, one luindnd acres
land a part under good faree.
and in ultivation The entire Farm being tinder geos
fencing ae.l well watered On tlie premises there is a
co nf •: • aide dw-! I!-iic t tio houses, and oilier necessary
ip . . >■ row, both
. ■, also Peach and Apple Orchards
.'I • i.-'led fruit Tin- place i.. bealtiiy, ami within three
mil.- . Lexington Depot. A good bargaiuwUl l»c given.
WH. J- OfIILYIE,
FOR SALE.
f NTIW offer tor sale my entire River PLANTATION,
I f Col tmbuOa., in Barbour
I'.mnlv, Ala lying i>u the Chatiabooeheu river, contain
• .a cultivation nod
'. ! w <. mi an i Fen j m n m the
to , -iver Ihe above will be for sale at any
l - ■ -1 1 » given I eruia to suit pur-
I MAT riIEW \\ FiRE I I
TO MEN OF TASTE AND CAPITAL.
f |MIL i < wi l -! ntf t*> rrinovp to Southwestern j
I < J«•<»i.11. j.ro|...sfs t<* -••11 his plan* near Gave Spring, }
n \\i.in\i Volley. Floyd r«-uuty, Ga., containing: 317 i
it, 111< «r« •t<r l< ,n; iirncd Ist qualify oak amt hickory i
mo tln -f-o.il and siirlAce not to wash ; some HR) acre's ]
cN .11- .l'iiml mi.ld- K -0. l tiilaKP ; the remainder generally ,
well ti.uhered. Kin. <e\eral H|.riugs of cool bine Lime- f
► t-ni • w;ii.-r. two . n.mnt breams, an effective water .
r • \. iio »t .i unir.j;, <•>. lnud • ot' many well selected l
i ilareeand eommodi- 1
.i- r. i . I uiToiinih-il by tine scenery, anil ‘
u i.i i i fMes ill ' I »n;f noteil for its educational * v
ails ; AII who have examined the premises, con- t
i..ioii' •* tin* el. un-nts
h.' il'hlV.lness on
. a : ■[ it ever. , I'.ialir-l in this country. But }
. .one ami «es .c voui -el\. m, ami the character, location ‘
.-.is yon 1
tii -: -a No 1 nrticlo. n. t übject to the fluctuations t
trkot For terms, apply on the premises. i
W. l> COWDREY. |
Care Spring, July it). IK.rf* jyl3-wtf # ,
i VA non FOR SALE !
eJITI \TKI> in Lowndes comity, Ala., on the road
I.m Mtw t.. u Hayncv.lleto llenton, ten miles from ;
tli -I r i t v '.i .1 farm ."ntnins H»HO acres of land,
. W. il ditched, and in a Ugh
i, iii. flu* imp: o\ements comprise a good
. lining sou rooms . a large two
■lorV V.l tied''(fin llou-e and a line Si rew, recently put ,
IM U bon . 1 1..- ... bn
pros c l I.and i • uell •iml»ered and of superior quality. ,
Tlii« plantation has advantages over any other in the
ssuli rich black aolL
the other fertllo hammock, l.v lug in the fork of Ash and
Panther creeks I’hc pi.t.ric portion of the farm is alum
.t int . water. db\ ss '!■«. mid tin* sandy bv a number of
uufalilt eestono s| rings, convenient t.* fee negro quar
i, i I: i- a!n. well located, l aving excellent range for
block, and tine outlet« The plantation will be disposed
of privately fora division of an date.
Ai.v information relating to it can be obtained by ad
at Tusl Mat on - * nnty, A » * hose
mi wi<ht • h».-U at it will please call on the Overseer.
TIIOS. V OAKY. Ks'r
' ' • • l-.t'* Ot W i. t. «r\ ■l' • I
MBI.L'3 PATENT PLOW !
rpilK mi.Urslguefih.i Invontril and pau-nteit n most
1 , itlimlilp IMPROVEMENT IN THE PI.OW
roCK B t hedt sires to mUL
, ipeak ■ and thereibre
mtrodn. i"' the following . .vtlticates. from two Planters,
well and faverab.y Wuvovu in the community in which
they re-ii!.*. He might iutreduce many others, but the
Plow Stock will speak f >r itself uhem ver examined.
JAMES It. MELL.
Rteohoro’, Liberty county, fla.
This is to certify*, that l have, witli my own hands,
..it new v nvoi d PI w Slock I
James tt Moil. Es.j In point of simplicity and perfec
tion. I have never s t »en or used its equal. In it is com
b.ll, d. V . thing that l ceuld wish in a Plow Stock, and
it. n* tuv opinion, is the cheapest and the best that has
over bee., ottered to the public. 1 speak from having
u-.-d it with iu\ own hands. I was raised to follow the
Plow, and thmk that I know how one ought to run. 1
would cheerfully thank auy one. who will thoroughly
try if. io i - in: out to me oue single fault in it. It is
eas ei upon the hone and plow man then any that 1 have
ever used.
The principle upon which you regulate the depth of
tl Pi.-w. . a.id vet so perfect, as to commend
it.'olf to ;i iv cm* . and the Stock is adapted to any kind
of Pi -W 11.e. li Is, ill never, just as light as any could
desire it to be Ixv ::!d recommend to any and all. if
they « ; lube b<v,t and cheapest Plow Stock, without
hcs'.tat uto get Mr James It MeU'a
iVntleld. Ga , April 15, Wsfi l> W. WILSON.
In company with everal others, 1. this day. witnessed
the - i •; Mi James B Meii spd.w Stock, b\ Mr D. W
\\ I. : l« li Cl fully -tale that ail present fuller
w ; i m..t eo\,*r. state that l have been u ng them on
and every day MTYt ■ In
confirm me m the eptmou of the superiority of Mr Moll's
Plow St ».*k to all others uow iu use.
P oriel.l. Ga. April 15, IK*. TIIOS. P. JANES
FORMAN S IRON PLOW-STOCK.
r a a II i: under- gued, having purchased the patent right
1 *. d- a. we valuable and popular PLOW for the
counties . U., :..uond, Columbia, Lincoln. Burke, Jeffer
son, Washington. Sem en and Emanual, are prepared to
urntsh it to ; iauters at hio manufacturer's price. This
ht. ck. w aich is made entirely of w rough! iron, is a South
ern invention a nl ha> bet*n sufficiently tested to prove
that it ru .- umre >tea lily, breaks and pulverizes the soil
i, ti- k clogs ;*,w< in rv'ugh laud, is more easily
adjust.*d f.-r deep oj shallow- plowing, holds the shares
u. re tirmiy. last- Incomparably longer, and is, in the
end. far cheaper than any other'stovk now in use. This
statement is tally sustained by numerous certificates in
oui e-sion from the im>st’practical and successful
planter-* in the country. We will have plesure
l:i sent ng a circular couiaiuiug some of thsse certificates
and u. ic par: tmr dvtft'tiption of the plan, to any
p.'-.v, w,i • wen..i : i,e t- see them We are willing to
refer t n:.\ . • who lias given this Plow a fair trial. In
the Xv No the Southern Cultivator, p. 345, the edi
t> ft. work say • ‘‘After giving this Plow a fair
and m*.v ni v.al w »• can truly say. that we regard it as
a most va.u ib'v impro\ omeut on all couuuv»n wooden
implemeuis of tl. kind new in use. For general efficien
cy and convenience, as well as special adaptation to deep
~iag. r subs.*..mg, we know of nothing that suiqiasses
t . whiie ott the score of oevaomy and durability, it is
altogether unrivaled No pic w with which w e are faml
;ar 1- -o well calculated to resist the careless and des-
N groe-*, an.i wc d**ubt not
that iu gt*aeral introduction would be of very great pecu I
uiarv bencht to the planting interest v-f the South."
T rttoek is adapttsl to - X different shares or points
—ctnbr.v-mg everv variety which a planter will need
fvoui tb* beginning to the end of the year T a esc shares
wuiln d with the Stock, when des;r**d . though
any plantat- a smith can make them after once seeing
1 K chts for counties, for Shops, or for Plantations, will
be - hi ou n -isouaMe tortus Applv at the Hardware
s; -1 Vu • V -*r addre»s 1 C FITTEST Co.
docl? vvtt Augnsta, Ga.
$lO REWARD !
STOLEN from the suhscr her. on the night of the 4th
gsV. r and v. me cent*, made by’ James M aud William
u w r.avsble t** tuc date-l \Vtb Januarv. due
ft lu > - th# other for $47 50. made by A E.
T ‘ . vabletoJ 1 St-ue. dated about the &i of
g!..:.,. u.. Jai- one .l.v.- *iVr.l»to. mh! on, *nuJl BOW
on inv-olf. which I had paid, and tern off the name 1
» .it iv -i) t » nls>ve reward for the recovery of the papers,
aud a-s kill ... v rationed
_ to trade f-sa d notes, and the maker* not to pay
them, exm ; *:* me. 0 S DAN NELLY-
February 13. 1556. .
t> % \ HV.W, f'- >ni the subscriber, residing in Pnt
uam county, near Merrill, in August last, my Negro
Vt fk I'-K He is about ‘35 years .-id, five teet ten m
high of medium sire, has a saght impediment mhts
b*. lost the-.,-WOf on.- eye. He *u
in Viriri:.-o. and his 1.,e0 hi Ge rgin »houl two year*.
The •), reward will be pw-‘l for his delivery to tue.
Gl to U V )ul SO tliSt i CSQ 6el lllSl
0 ,v.i JOHN- A HARRIS
*Tbe '- 'them Recorder will publish till forbid, anJ for
w*r.i wccoumt to thi« office for p»ymeut
s2o REWARD.
R. s in- »y from Wm. Johnson, about the loth of
line ember 1(5*3, a negro man named JOHN— he
, oro ll
v \, r , ,j d .boot five feet eight or ten Inches high, of
f \ e’. w complexion, with some of his front under teeth
a yea. w f -.rover one of hi* eves, Ido not reeob
Klii-tSV The subsiriber will pay the above re.
war”f..r thedolivery of said boy to me, or his confine
ment *.» jail so thal I may £« him. JOHNSON
Louis- He. Ga «», tl7 wgnC E** JOHAMUJ.
FOL OBf HOUSE,
ATLANTA, GEOBfUA,
BY A. W. REEVES
. ' (> bbls White Wine and SO bbls. Cider
\ ‘VINEGAR, •L* b -* MiTBI * KIOBMOMD
mr* *
Cbronidc & §cntiud.
0
I Air. Biichanon—A Democratic sketch.
The Hon. Charles Irving, of Virginia, is a
I Presidential Elector, in the Lynchburg District, who
i wa* appointed without opposition by the late
| Democratic State Convention. He is also the
| Editor of the Lynchburg R/ jmbHrau, a prominent
Democratic organ, and be may therefore be regard
ed as high Democratic authority upon all the ques
tions patent in the present canvass. Occupying
such a prominent position in the Democratic party
of his State, il is n« .treasonable to suppose that he
would either misrepresent or do injustice to Mr.
Bet han an, one of the Readers of his party, and now
the nominee for the Presidency. He was, however,
opposed to the nomination of Mr. Buchanan, be
cause it would be a triumph of the Frceaoil ele
ment of the party—a result which the balloting?
in the Convention abundantly and conclusively
establish ; for. at no time prior to the 17th ballot did
Mr. Buchanan ever receive more than ffly one
votes from the Slave States, and on the first ballot
he only received thirty -four votes from all the
Slave States ; showing the correctness of Mr.
Irving’s declaration, that his nomination would be
a triumph of the Freetoil element of the party.
This opinion of Mr. Irving's was attacked by the
Washington Sentinel , a Buchanan organ, to which
Mr. Irving replied on the 7th of May, only one
month ago, and his reply appeared in the Richmond
Examiner. From that reply we make the following
extract, which we commend to the careful perusal
of every reader, and beg them to recollect that it is
high Democratic authority :
The error into which the Sentinel has fallen in
regard to the Presidency, is in the idea that there
was no other question involved in the coming can
vass but the slavery question, and that upon that
question all that the South had a right to require
was the personal soundness of the candidate. The
South has a clear right to require more than this.—
She has aright to require that the election, if in her
favor, shall settle, at least for some time, the slavery
agitation. What certain means of producing this
result can be adopted, except in the selection of a
candidate who is indentijicd with the Kansas Ne
braska bill ? The Black Republicans have made
the repeal of the Kansas Nebraska bill their sole
teat. The Democratic party must make it one of
their tews. Can they make it fairly and squarely
except by the presentation of some man, especially
if the candidate comes from the North, who is iden
tied with the Kansas Nebraska bill ! Can any man
candidly say that Mr. Buchanan is so identified ?
I think not. In the very Slidell letter, in which he
commits himself to it, he also says that we should
make no war upon those Democrats who voted
against it. What does this kindness to anti-Ne
braska Democrats mean ! The editor of the Senti
nel lias frequently denounced the administration of
(•eneral Pierce, for failing to settle ami quiet slave
ry agitation, and attributed it to his New York
appointments. The real source of President Pierce’s
inability to allay fanaticism, is traceable to another
and higher cause. That cause is the principle ujton
which he teas nominated. Gen. Cass, Judge Doug
las, and Mr. Dickinson had all been in the compro
mise fight—were all identified with the Fugitive
Slave Law. They were all “ignored” upon the ground
that they were unavailable, and President. Pierce se
lect! d upon the ground /hat, being out. of the tight, he
teas not so objectionable to Northern free savers, and
that he was perfectly sound. Wc gained the elec
tion but we did not gain a triumph o) principle, for
the reason that free sailers availed themselves of the
excuse to come into the rank* and again embarrass
it. The nomination of Mr. Buchanan will In', a re
/trlition of that error , and no matter how true he
may be to the Constitution, like President Pierce, he
trill be unable to control the element* of fanaticism
his electoin will fail to crush. The coming election
must test the quest ion of whether or not the equality of
the Southern States in the Union is recognised. To
test that question the candidate must not only be
sound but lie must have been in the light und be able
to show that lie stood the tire.
If silence during the battle constitutes a claim for
office, how can the South expect Northern statesmen
to uphold her banner, when abolitionists are seek
ing to tear it to tatters. If on ability to get free soil
votes makes a candidate available, and that species
of availability is recognized as a merit at the South,
Northern statesmen should court free soilers, and
not struggle with them, if they wish to be Presi
dents. Such availability may be very desirable to
those who wish success alone, but those who look to
the interests of the country may well be excused if
they prefer a different standard. 1 certainly prefer
that the South shall Prefer the selection, not only
of a sound man, but that she shall vote for nomina
tion of no men upon any such ground of availabili
ty. The coming election must settle the slavery
agitat ion. Ido not wish a single free soiler to vote
the Democratic ticket, nor will I willingly afford the
slightest excuse for so doing. A prominent North
west Democrat fold me to-day, that the nomination
of Mr. Buchanan would enable Trumbull, Went
north , and other free toilers to come back into the
party. lam not anxious to get back such charac
ters. These are some of my seasons for not prefer
ring Mr. Buchanan.
But there is still another reason. That reason is
in his record. To carry the entire South we must
have, uotooly a sound man, lut one who is above
impeachment—whose record is ns stainless as the
principles he advocates. Is such the case of Mr.
Buchanan ? Let the record answer. Mr. Buchanan
nmv be, and I really think he is sound, but to carry
the* united South wo must have a record that is per
fectly unassailable. Is Mr. Buchanan that man?—
Let iis see. I quote from a late communication in
the New Orleans Delta, und which the editor of the
Sentinel knows to be accurate in its quotations from
the record :
On the 27th of December, 1837, Mr. Calhoun sub
mitted to the Senate that celebrated series of reso
lution? the great objects of which were to set forth
with precision und force the constitutional rights of
the sluv(-holding States, mid to attract to their sup
port an enlightened public opinion against the at
tacks of Northern Fanaticism. The second resolu
tion was in these words: [Calhoun’s Works, vol.
3, page 140:1
“Resolved, That in delegating a portion of then
power to be exercised by the Federal Government,
the States retained, severally, the exclusive and sole
right over their own domestic institutions and no
lice, and are alone responsible lor them, and that
any intermeddling of any one or more States, or a
combination of their citizens, with the domestic in
stitutions and police ot the others, on any ground,
or under any pretext whatever, political, moral, or
religious, with a view to their alteration or subver
sion, is an assumption of superiority not warranted
by the Constitution, insulting to the States inter
filed with, tending to endanger their domestic peace
and tranquility, subversive to the objects for which
the Constitution was formed, and by necessary con
sequence, tending to weaken and destroy the Union
itself.”
Mr. Morris, of Ohio, who was then the only avow
ed Abolitionist in the Senate, moved to strike out
tlit words “moral or religious.” Had the motion
prevailed, the effect would have been to encourage
agitation in the form iu which it would be most likc
lv to be filial to the South. It would have been a
direct encouragement to the Abolitiouized clergy of
the North to take tin* very course which was taken
by the “three thousand and fifty divines” who, in
18T»4, sacrilegiously assumed, “in the name of Al
mighty God, and in his presence,” to denounce the
repeal of the Missouri Compromise as “a violation of
plighted faith and a breach of a national contract.”
Subsequent events have abundantly attested the
truth of what Mr. Calhoun said, when arguing
against the motion, “that the whole spirit of the
resolution hinged upon that word religious."
Tin* vote being taken on Mr. Morris’ amendment ,
it stood as follows : [Congressional Globe, vol. 6,
page 74 :]
Yeas-—Messrs. Bayard, Buchanan, Clayton, Da
vis. McKcon, Moms, Prentiss, Robins, Buggies,
Smith of Indiana. Southward, Swift, Tipton and
Webster—ll.
Nays—Messrs. Allen, Black, Brown, Calhoun,
Clay of Alabama, Clay of Kentucky, Cuthbert,
Fulton, Hubbard, King, Knight, Linn, Lumpkin,
Lvoti. Nicholas, Niles, Norvell, Pierce, Preston,
Rives, Roane. Robinson, Sevier, Smith of Connecti
cut, Strange. Walker, Wall. White, Williams,
Wright and Young—3l.
The fifth resolution to which Mr. Calhoun here
referred, and which he justly regarded as the most
important of all, and struggled most persevering
!v to have passed without amendment, was as fol
lows :
•Resolved. That the intermeddling of any State
»*r States, citizens, to abolish slavery in
this District or in any of the Territories, on the
ground or under the pretext, that it is immoral or
sinful, or the passage ot any act or measure of Con
gress. with that view, would be a direct and dan
gerous attack ou the institutions of all the slave
holding States."
This resolution covered the whole ground. It
met the issue boldly and fully. No Southern Demo
erat can hesitate to say that* it embodied a great
truth, to which events have borne the most em
phatic testimony. Mr. Clay of Kentucky, moved
to strike it out and iusert the following us a substi
tilt* :
Resolved. That when the District of Columbia
was ceded bv the States of Virginia and Maryland
to the United States, domestic slavery existed in
both of those States including the ceded territory
and that, as it still continues in both of them, it
could not bo abolished within the District without
a \ iolation of that good faith which was implied in
the cession, aud iu the acceptance of the territory.
nor unless compensation were made for the slaves,
without a manifest infringement of an amendment of
the Constitution of the United States ; nor without
exciting a degree of just alarm ami apprehension
in the States recognizing slavery, far transcending,
in mischievous tendency, auy possible benefit which
would be accomplished by the abolition.” [Con
gressional Globe, vol fi, page 58.)
Hie utter insufficiency of this temporizing amend
ment scarcely need be pointed out. Objectionable
at* it was, in conceding to Congress the constitu
tioual power to abolish slavery in the District of
Columbia, and declaring against the exercise of that
power only on the ground of expediency, it was
still more so in this, that it made no reference what
ever to the Territories of the United States. The
passage of Mr. Calhoun’s resolution would have
committed the Senate, not oulv against the abolition
o: slavery in the District o{ Columbia, but also
against the application of the llllmat proviso and
'indeed measure* to the' Territories. Mr Clay’s
amendment was entirely silent ou the subject. It
true, that in another resolution which he proposed
to have adopted as an additional amendment, it was
declared that the abolition of slavery in the Terri
lory of Florida would be highly inexpedient princi
pally for the reason “that it would be in violation of
a soiemu compromise made at a memorable and
critical t'ericHi in the history of the country, by
, m hich, while slavery was prohibited North, it wag
! admitted South of the line of thirty-six degrees
| thirty minutes North latitude. The defect in the
i first amendment can hardly be considered by South
j era men as remedied by another which recognized
the binding force of the Missouri Compromise.
| On the question to strike out Mr. Calhoun s reso-
I iutiou and insert Mr. Clay’s amendment, after it
| had been modified by striking out the port relating
j to the compensation tor slaves, the vote stood, yeas
: 19. nay* 18 [Congressional Globe, voi. t>, page 62 ]
| Mi. Buehanac s s name stands recorded in the ajhnma
i tire.
On a subsequent occasion, Mr Calhoun, with a
! view to infuse vitality into Mr. Clay s amendment,
moved to insert that any attempt of Congress to
abolish slavery in the Territories, “would be a dan
gerous attack upon the States in which slavery ex
ists. M r . Buchanan opposed the amendment — and
it was in reply to his speech that Mr. Calhoun made
the remarka which may be found in the third vol
ume of his works, pages 194 to 196, and which he
commenced bN saying that "the remarks of the
Senator from Pennsylvania were of such a char
acter that he ooula not permit them to pass in
81 From these votes and this language of Mr. Bn
chanan.it is clear: .
Ist. That he was not opposed to the rdipou* agi
! t&tionof the slavery question —a species of agitation
which Mr. Calhoun justly regarded as more fatal
! than any other.
j 2. That he recognized the constitutional power of
. Congress to abolish slavery in the District of Co
j lurnbia, opposing its exercise only on the ground of
its expediency—a proposition which the position of
Mr. Van Buren shows affords no reliable protection
to Southern institutions.
i 3d. That he refused to commit himself fully ou
i toe a*** question as to the power of Congress
over the Territories of the United States, and
as far as he did go, evidently left it to be under
stood that the abolition of slavery by Congress, in
those Territories, would be “no attack on the States
in which it exists."
If his opinions, in these respects, have undergone
any material change, the country has no? yet been
authoritatively apprised of the fact. The reflec
tions cast by him on the institutions of slavery, in
one of his speeches in England, and the studied de
sign he has manifested to keep aloof from the ex
citement growing out of the repeal of the Missouri
Compromise, are not well calculated to inspire con
fidence, that if his views have undergone any change
it has been a change for the better.
So much for the slavery issue. How does Mr.
Buchanan stand upon the tariff ? Will the Sentinel
say that he is sound, or justify his “low wages’’
speech ? How does he stand on the French Spolia
tion bill, which President Polk and President Pierce
vetoed ? Everybody knows that be was in favor
of it. How does he stand upon the Pacific Rail
road ? He declared himself in favor of an appro
priation of public money to build it as is notorious.
In fact, is there a single federal measure,except
that of the United States Bank, upon which he is not
recorded against Democratic principles ? How can
we hope to carry the united South with such a re
cord ? Will Southern Democrats overlook this
record ? Will Northern Nebraska men overlook
this ignoring of Pierce and Douglas ? Is there no
danger that in admitting the Abolitionist Trumbull,
we may not dishearten the gallant Douglas ? Is
there no fear that in reinstating the Freeaoil Hick
man, who is iii favor of Reeder, we may not palsy
the arm of Richardson ? In fine, is there no fear
that in hoping for Freesoilaid, that we may not lose
the real few friends the South has in the North ? It
is evident to the commonest understanding, that the
first step of Northern Black Republicanism, is to
kill off all those influential men at the North, like
Pierce and Douglas, who have actively participated
in the fight for our rights. Is not the South aiding
them in this first step, when it not only ignores its
own sons, but also ignores upon the ground cf avail
ability, those Northern men identified with the late
Kum Nebruka bill f This is a question the
Sooth would do well to ponder. If Mr. Buchanan
is to be nominated, and Pierce and Douglas in the
North ignored, let the responsibility rest elsewhere
than upon the State of Virginia. lie may be, and
probably is sound, but these are times when more
than ordinary caution is necessary. It may become
the duty of the South to support him. When that
time arrives I can discharge the duty ; but I do
think that the reasons above stated, exempt me from
any blame for not advocating him until that respon
sibility devolves upon me.
Very respectfully, Chas. Irving.
P. S—Since writing tin; above, I have seen in a
Lancaster (Pa.) paper the following statement:
“On the subject of slavery the ‘ memoir’ is not
very definite, and we will give his views as express
ed m a series of resolutions, reported by him to a
public meeting held in the Court House in the city
of Lancaster, on the 23d November, 1813.
“James Buchanan, James Hopkins, and William
Jenkins, were appointed a committee on resolutions,
and reported the following among others :
“ ‘ Resolved, That the Representatives in Con
gress from this district, be, aud are hereby, most
earnestly requested to use their utmost endeavors
as members of the National Legislature, to prevent
the existence of shivery in any of the new Territo
ries and new State* which may be created by Con
gress.
*“ Resolved , That, in the opinion of this meeting,
the members of Congress, who, at that session, sus
tained the cause of Justice, Humanity and Patriot
ism in opposing the introduction of slavery in the
State then enneavored to be formed out of the Mis
souri Territory, are entitled to the wannest thanks
of every friend of humanity.’ ”
These resolutions prove that Mr. Buchanan at
that time was a Missouri restrictionist, and that he
occupied upon the admission of Missouri, the same
ground occupied now in regard to Kansas by Se
ward &. Co. llow any man can believe that Mr.
Buchanan, with such a record, can carry the de
batable Southern States of Delaware, Maryland,
Kentucky, Tennessee, Louisiana and Georgia,
against Mr. Filmore, passes my comprehension.
Besides this, the Democracy have no knowledge of
Mr. Buchanun*s position upon Kuow Nothingism.
This is another issue in the coming canvass upon
which Mr. Buchanan is not openly identified with
us.
It is thus seen that his record will make him weak
in the South—that the ignorance of Pierce and
Douglas will make him weak with the Nebraska
men in the North. How, under these circumstances,
can lie be available?
Respectfully, C. Irving.
•llr. HiicluiiiniiN Texas Speech.
The Washington Star, one of the Democratic or
gans at Washington City, lias recently been inves
tigating Mr. Buchanan’s political record ; and has
disentombed some very interesting extracts from a
speech, made by him, in secret session of the Sen
ate, on the Bth of June, 1844, on the admission of
Texas, all of which we commend to the careful
coiiKideration of the Southern Democracy, particu
larly those of them who boast of being the only true
friends of the South. Thp Star, which is considered
in Washington good Democratic authority, prefa
ces the extracts from the speech with the following
pertinent remarks:
The Congressional Globe, part If, vol. 13, of the
Appendix, contains a speech of Mr. Buchanan, of
the 28th May, on the admission of Texas, delivered
in secret session, on June Bth, 1841, which, as an
item of history, is not without interest at this time.
11 is right and proper that the political record of Mr.
Buchanan, and thut of every candidate for the nom
ination at Cincinnati, should be examined before
the meeting of the Convention, rather than after
ward, when, should the record prove objectionable,
there is no opportunity to correct what may be,
perhaps a fatal error. The only portion of the
speecn which is at present of interest is that which
relates to the question of slavery. This question is
first mentioned in the following extract :
Mr. Buchanan said
“ In arriving at the conclusion to support this
treaty. I had to encounter but one ncriuus obstacle ,
and that was the question of slavery. Whilst I
ever have maintained, and ever shall maintain, in
their full force and vigor, the constitutional rights of
the Southern States over their slavfc‘ property, I yet
feel a strong repugnance by any act of mine to ex
tend the limits of /he Union over a new slaveholding
territory. After mature reflection, however, I
overcame these scruples, and now believe* that the
acquisition of Texas will be the means of limiting
not enlarging the dominion of slavery.
“ In the government of the world, Providence
generally produces great changes by gradual means.
There is nothing rash in. the counsels of the Al
mighty. May not, then, the acquisition of Texas be
the means of gradually drawing the slaves fur to
the South to a climate more congenial to their na
ture ; and may they not finally pass off into Mexico,
and there mingle with a race where no prejudice ex
ists against their color? The Mexican nation is
composed of Spaniards, Indians and negroes, blend
ed together in every variety, who would receive
our slaves on terms of perfect social equality. To
this condition they never can be admitted in the
United States.
“That the acquisition of Texas would, ere long,
convert Maryland, Virginia, Kentucky. Missouri,
and probably others of the more Northern slave
States into free States, I entertain not a doubt.
k 'ltut should Texas In annexed to the Union ,
causes will be brought into operation which must,
inevitably remove slavery from what may Iw called
the farming States. From the best information, it
is lio longer profitable to raise wheat, rye, and corn
by slave labor. Where these articles are the only
staples of agriculture, in the pointed and expres
sive language of Mr. Randolph, if the slave does
not run away from his master, the master must run
away from the slave. The slave will naturally be
removed from such a country, where his labor is
scarcely adequate io his own support, to a region
where be can not only maintain himself, but yield
large profits to his master. Texas will open an out
let ; and slavery itself thus finally pass the Del
Norte, and be lost in Mexico. One thing is certain,
the present number of slaves cannot be increased
by the annexation of Texas.
“I have never apprehended the preponderance of
the slave States in the councils of tne nation. Such
a fear has always appeared to me visionary. But
those who entertain such apprehensions need not be
alarmed by the acquisition of Texas. More than
one-half of its territory is wholly unfit for the slave
labor, and, therefore, in the nature of things, must be
free. Mr. Clay, iu his letter of the 17th of April last
on the subject of annexation, states that, according
to his information—
“ ‘The territory of Texas is susceptible of a divi
sion into five States of a convenient size and form.
Os these, two only would be adapted to those pe
culiar institutions (slavery) to whisk I have refer
red ; and the other three, lying west and north of
San Antonio, being only adapted to farming and
grazing purposes, from the nature of their soil, cli
mate, and productions, would not admit of these
institutions. In the end, therefore, there would be
two slave and three free States probably added to
the Union.*
“And here, permit me to observe, that there is one
defect in the treaty which ought to be amended, if
we all did not know that it is destined to be rejected.
The treaty itself ought to determine how many free
aud how mauv slave States should be made out of
this territory. — Paget 621, 722.
Inhalation for Consumption.—The great
scourge of our country is consumption, and there
fore the public look with great solicitude to every
proposed remedy. The New York Express states
that when the practice of Inhalation for the treat
ment of consumption was first established by Dr.
Robert Hunter, of that city, and its success and
availability strongly advocated in the leading iour
uals. the assertion was made by Dr. Hunter that
“if every case of consumption in this city were
placed under judicious treatment by inhalation*
within two years the mortality from this disease
would be diminished one-half. ’ The opponents of
the new principle of local application of vapor for
the cure of disease of the lungs, appealed accor
dingly to the bills of mortality, predicting the most
discouraging consequences from the wide prevalence
which the new system had suddenly gained. After
a careful examination of facts in connection with
the svstein. we ventured to give our voice, adds the
Express, with others, in favor of its fair trial. We
are,'accordingly, rejoiced to see the repeated assu
rances of even* good result to the afflicted, from
what appears to be the broadest basis of judging in
the premises, of the results. Dr. Hunter, in an
swering the appeal to the bills of mortality; regu
larly published in his journal, the Medical Special
itt,''points out a further decrease in the deaths from
consumption iu New-\*ork, reaching now to the ex
tent of thirty-one per cent, decrease for a compari
son of three months, with the corresponding quarters
of the previous year. For the three months ending
March. 1854, the number of deaths from this disease
are given as 843; for March, 1855 the number was
766: and for March, 1856. the number is 580. a de
crease of 263, or more than one-third.
Rapid Manufacture or Railroad Chairs.—The
Richmond Despatch says : In passing through the
extensive iron works of our euterprising townsmen,
Messrs. Morris A: Tanner, we had the gratification
of witnessing the successful working of a machine,
the perfection of which has. until now, proved a de
sideratum in mechanics, viz : an invention for the
manufacture of a railroad chairs; a safe-guard and
necessary appendage to the track. Up to the pre
sent time the demand for chairs has been supplied
principally by manual labor, consequently a heavy
item in the construction of roads. By the old me
thod of anvil, sledge and a strong arm, aided by
some three or four assistants, have those articles
been made, an active smith ami striker averaging
200 per diem. By the machine, requiring the at
tention of two men. whose labor is easy, from 1800
to 2.000 chairs may be turned out in the same time,
they being cut. pressed into the requisite shape and
removed from the mandrel by the action of this
beautiful and ingenious piece of machinery.
“ Houor to whom honor due*’ and to our intelli
gent young townsman. Mr. Robert A. Talley, should
be accorded the credit of having invented and put
in successful operation, the machine which has hith
erto defied the skill and ingenuity of the first arti
sans of our country.
James V. Trimmier, Esq., a Representative in the
S. C Legislature from Spartanburg, departed this
life on Sunday morning ia*t.
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING. JUNE IS. 185(5.
j The llcwiau* in the Revolution, and what was
paid for them.
At jl recent meeting of the New York Historical
Society, Frederick Kapp, Esq., read a valuable
paper on the employment of mercenary troops by
England. We quote from the New York Times a
condensation of the principal facts stated :
Mr. Kapp gave an interesting sketch of the histo
ry of the custom of employing mercenary troops,
which he traced from an early day. He tt
ed that in the various wars which England before
our Revolution had waged on the Continent, she had
employed foreign troops almost exclusively. Thus
in the Seven Years’ War, during the second year,
the British army in Westphalia, numbered 48,000
men, of whom 26,000 were Hanoverians, 12,000
Hessians, and 10,000 Brunswiekers.
At the commencement ofthe Revolution. England
stood in great need of troops, and contemplated the
hiring of 20,000 men from Russia. But it was de
cided before long to abandon this plan, and apply
again to their old man-purveyors—the small princes
of Germany. The English Commissary—Colonel
Wm. Fawcett, Captain of the Guards—arrived in
Germany early in 1776, and in behalf of his Go
vernment, concluded, in the course of less than a
month, the necessary treaties with the Duke of
Brunswick, the Landgrave of Hesse Cassel, and the
Count of Hanau. The treaties were submitted to
the House of Commons on the 29th of February, and
after having been referred to a committee, were
finally ratified on the 4th of March, 1776.
The Duke ot Brunswisck, w’hose dominions com
prised at that time 1,500 square miles, with 150,000
inhabitants, undertook to lurnish 43,000 men, of
whom 366 were cavalry, and the rest infantry. For
these the Duke received, under the name of “levy
money," 30 crowns ($35.50) for each man, the same
sum for every one killed, or for three wounded, who
were to be accounted equal to one killed; and be
sides this, for the expenses of equipment two
months extra*pay. The subsidies received by the
Duke, as long as the troops received the pay of
English soldiers, amounted ,to 64,500 crowns a
year, and double that sum from the time their
pay ceased until two years after their return into
Brunswick.
The Landgrave of Hesse, the infamous Frederick
11. although he poseessc-d but 3,300 square miles,
with about 280,000 inhabitants, had an army of
nearly 20,000 experienced troops. He undertook to
furnish within four weeks three grenadier battalions,
six infantry regiments, and one company of rifle
men, and in a month after that, a battalion of grena
diers—amounting in all to 12,104 men. The Land
grave received not only the levy money of 30 crowns
a head, but there was paid him also a subsidy of
150,000 crowns per year, in addition to the regular
pay of the troops.
The Landgrave’s son also, then reigning Count of
Hanau, sold a regiment of 668 men to the English
for 25,000 crowns per year, besides the regular levy
money. Even the Prince ot little Waldeck, whose
vast dominions consisted of some sterile hills of 100
square miles, with about 30,000 inhabitants, left, at
tracted by the prospect of larger profits, the regular
trade with the Dutch, and instead of sending his
soldiers, as usual, to trie Cape of Good Hope or Ba
tavia, sold an entire regiment of 670 men to Eng
land on the same good terms us the Count of lla
uau. . ,
In the course of the year 1< /6 it became evident
that more troops were needed for suppressing the
“ rebels” than hud been provided, and, accordingly,
Col. Fawcett again visited Germany. He engaged,
on the same terms as before, 805 men in Cassel and
110 in Hanau. The Landgrave took the opportu
nity of renewing a claim for jCBO,OOO for services in
the seven years’war which had been before reject
ed, but which England was not obliged to pay.
In the beginning of 1777, the Markgrave of An
gpach Brandenberg and the Prince of Anhalt Zerbst
joined these princely dealers in human flesh and con
tributed, the former 1,285, and the latter 1,160 men.
The Markgrave received, besides the levy money,
an annual subsidy of 45,000 crowns ; the Prince a
similar sum.
The following table will show the quota of troops
furnished by each Prince, the number lost and the
money received. It must be remembered that the
original numbers were continually supplied with
fresh recruits.
No. of Per ct. of Received in
Prince Troops. Populat'n. Lost. Cash.
Brunswick 5,7i18 3.45 3,015 .£780,000
Hesse Cassel 16,992 4.55 0,500 2,000.000
Hesse Hanau.... 2,422 3.95 981 335,150
Anspach 1,044 0.79 401 305,400
Waldeck 1,225 4.05 720 122,670
Anhalt 1,160 5 05 170 535,500
Total 29,166 3.64 11,853 £4,078,820
Hanover received 448, (KM)
Total £5,126,620
This per centage of the population is not strictly
accurate, as many of the soldiers were kidnapped
strangers. So far was this carried in Hesse Cassel,
that the inhabitants of the city of Cassel were ex
empt from military service, in order to suppress all
sympathy with the poor victims of despotism impris
oned in their midst. Most ofthe soldiers were for
cibly enlisted, and of course desertion was frequent.
Ofthe Anlmlt Regiment, 140 men deserted at once,
and the next day even an officer with 50 men
were among the missing. For these rearons, every
traveller, be he student or merchant, mechanic or
ortist, was obliged to be constantly on his guard.—
On this point we have the testimony of a very pop
ular German writer, Selurn, who, as a student on
liis way on foot from Leipzic to Paris, was kid
napped by Hessian recruiting officers, and en
rolled in a regiment then on its way to America.
Mr. Kapp then read the interesting narrative of
this author, and alluded to the noble opposition of
Frederick the Great to this selling of men, and to
the fact that he forbade the inarch of troops through
his dominions. This great king, both during, and
after the revolution, had been favorably disposed to
the Americans, and was one of the first continental
princes to make a treaty with the United States.—
Mira beau had also produced one of his best works
on this subiect, the “Counsel to the Hessians and
other People of Gennany sold by their Sovereigns to
England,” from which Mr. K., read extracts, in
which Mirabeau advocated the rights ot the Ameri
cans, and advised the Hessians to spurn the base
rulers they were cursed with. The pamphlet pro
duced a great sensation, and was answered by order
ofthe Landgrave, to which answer Mirabeau again
replied.
Mr. Kapp cited the notorious letter from the Hes
sian monarch to his officer in this country, which
has been extensively published, desiring lnm to let
as many of his men as possible be slaughtered, so
that he might receive more funds. He declared
this letter an imposition, ns there had never been
such an officer ns he to whom it was addressed. To
show the German feeling on the subject, he quoted
a thrilling scene from Schiller’s Knbnk und l.iebc,
(“Cabal and Love,” the original of “Louisa Miller,”)
in which a kind-hearted English lady, the “favorite”
of the Landgrave, is made aware of the maunar in
which the sparkling jewels which the latter lias just
given her are obtained, and in her indignation
spurns them from her.
In conclusion, Mr. K. stated that the vast riches
of the Rothschilds were founded on his trade in
flesh. The Landgrave, when obliged to leave Hes
sia in 1805, intrusted his millions to Mayer Anselm
Rotchschild, a small money broker of Frankfort.
When he returned in 1813, pleased at the security
with which Rothschild had invested the money, he
granted him the large sums of interest which had
accumulated, and at the Congress of \ ienna re
commended him to the other European sovereigns,
from which time the great reputation of the family
commences. After alluding to the large numbers ot
Germans, who, deserting their ranks, had remained
in this country, and by their industry had done much
for its advancement, Mr. Kapp closed his very inter
esting paper, of which this is a mere abstract, amid
great applause.
The Fatal Accident on the New York Cen
thal Railroad. —The Buffalo gives
the following particulars of the railroad accident
near Loekport on the morning of the 6th instant, by
which two persons were killed and nineteen others
terribly mangled:
The passenger train going East arrived near the
Pekin station at forty minutes past nine, fully up to
time, and there to meet the passenger train coming
West. The latter was likewise on time, and was
endeavoring to get upon the switch in order to let
the former pass. The engineer of the former named
Wm. Adams, was a new man upon the road, belong
ing upon the Buffalo and Rochester division. His
train was rushing on at full speed, despite the usual
signs to stop, which were given by the switehtender.
When he nearly reached the heaa of the switch both
trains came together with a terrible crash, the two
locomotives riding up on one another, forcing the
baggage car of the train going East through the
passenger coach, immediately behind it, to the
depth of 18 feet. The passengers in that coach were
as a matter of course, jammed and crushed into an
indiscriminate mass, and terribly bruised and man
gled. One ladv, Mrs. M. F. Stevens, who came
uown from the \Vest and was bound to Vermont,
on a visit to her friends, had the top of her head torn
completely off, killing her instantly. Her body was
terribly bruised. Her trunk was found afterward,
and her address upon it, and belonging to Charles
town, Mass.
Eighteen other persons in the same car were hor
ribly cut and torn, limbs broken, and bodies crushed
and bruised.
On the other train a fireman named Wm. Haynes,
of Rochester, N. Y. was instantly killled. His body
was found upon the bank quite a distance from the
track, most terribley multilated. The engineer
Adams, was badly bruised.
On their arrival at Pekin,'our informant says, the
scene beggars description. Scattered over the floor
of the depot were strewn twelve or fifteen mutilated
bodies ot the victims of the catastrophe. On the
outside lay the stiffened corpse of the man who met
his death by the collision, close beside him lay a liv
ing form/writhing in the anguish of his terrible
wounds.
A search was then made amid the wreck for others
who might perchance have escaped notice in the
darkness of the night. Lanterns were procured and
in one car was found the body of Mi's. Stevens and
four other wounded persons, who were immediately
removed.
Death by Somnambulism. —We learn from the
Andover Mass.i Advertiser that on Wednesday
night last Mrs. Mary Cooper, wife of Edward Coop
er. of North Andover, came to her death under the
following singular circumstances : Mrs. Cooper re
tired to rest at an early hour with a young child.
Her husband went to bed about 9 o'clock, when his
wife partially awoke, and remarked that she had
been dreaming of washing hard. Nothing more was
said, and and all went asle *p. At about half-past
eleven o'clock the child cried, and Mr. Cooper call
ed his wife. On receiving no reply he arose, and
found she was gone. An alarm was immediately
given, search made, and her body was found about
midnight in the millpond of Hodge's factory, back
of the house, floating upon the water, some fifteen
or twenty feet from the short, face downward. It
appears that Mrs. Cooper got up very carefully, and
without a light passed down into the cellar, shutting
the doors after her. and took a tub. washboaid and
pail to the water.
The deceased was a member of the Methodist
Church at Sutton s Mills, and is supposed to have
arisen in a somnambulistic state. She leaves two
little children.
Arab Superstition. —Whilst great inundations
have taken place in France. Africa has been suffer
ing from drought. At Constantina. the natives last
week had recourse to what they consider an infalli
ble means of obtaining rain, the ceremony of duck
ing. with religious forms, in the nearest river the
half-witted creatures called marabouts. Five or six
of these men were conveyed in procession to the
Roumel, and there plunged several times in succes
sion into the water, the persons composing the pro
cession at the same time singing and shouting. One
of them who was unwilling to be ducked, was
thrown into the river by force, and when he came
out be declared iu a passion that no rain should fall
for a year. The next day, however, to the gTeat de
light of the natives, clouds covered the sky. and al
ter a while abundant rain fell. Os course they as
cribe this result to the ducking of the marabouts.
[Galurn*ini'fi Messenecr.
A Good Plan ir Adopted.—lt is stated in the
New York Post that a new Magneto. Electrical
Light is being put up for trial at the Novelty Works
in that city, and that the coffins Steamship Com pa
uv warned by the fate of the Pacific are thinking
of fitting out the Adriatic as a complete floating
light house, emitting a light which not only cannot
be mistaken by other vessels at whatever distance,
but which will illuminate the ship's track several
miles ahead, and render an approaching vessel, an
iceberg, or any other obstruction almost as visible
as at nooday.
Sensible Emperor.— The Emperor of China, in
stead of paying the doctor as we do, when we are
unwell, the instant he is taken ill, stops the pay-of
his physicians and does not renew it until he is quite
well again. *
NATIONAL DEMOCRATIC CONVENTION
Fifth Day— Afternoon Session.
Ncrr Yo k, June 7.—The Convention report was
completed at 4 o’clock this morning.
The Convention being called to order on Friday
afternoon, Mr. Shields, ot Missouri, moved that it is
the duty ofthe general government, so far as the
Constitution will permit, to aid in the construction
of a safe overland mail route between the Atlantic*
and the Pacific coast.
A motion to lay the resolution on the table was
lost by ayes 75, nays 220.
A delegate from Missouri rose to demand a sus
pension of the rules.
Mr. Pettit and Mr. Gage endeavored to speak on
the propriety of an amendment declaring it the
duty of the general government to use all proper
Constitutional power for the' otflect named, but were
not heard.
A motion to suspend the rules for the purpose
was carried by ayes 208, nays 88.
The main question being ordered, the resolution
was adopted—ayes 205, nays 87.
Mr. Pettit’s suggestion, the word “proper’’was
placed before “constitutional,” in the resolution, be
fore its passage.
A motion was then made that the Convention
proceed to ballot for a candidate for Vice President
and agreed to.
Mr. Meade, of Virginia, proposed the Hon. Lynn
Boyd, of Kentucky.
Mr. Harris, of Illinois, begged to propose a man
who he thought was born on the banks of the Hud
son, but now resided on the banks of the Mississip
pi. It had been his pride to serve under his com
mand in the regiment from Illinois, that never turn
ed their backs on friends or foes, lie was the first
to plant the American flag over the Halls of
the Montezumas. He named General John A.
Quitman.
Col. Louis, of Louisiana, named the lion. John
C. Breckenridge, of Kentucky.
Mr. Breckenridge returned thanks to Louisiana
for the favor conferred upon him, but was one of
those who believed that promotion should follow
seniority. Besides, he was already a candidate for
another post, and in the canvass should advocate the
candidate of this Convention and its noble State’s
rights platform. ILe withdrew his name.
Mr. Riefman, of Alabama, nominated the lion.
Benj. Fitzpatrick, of Alabama.
Mr. Boon, of Tennessee, nominated Aaron V.
Brown, of Tennessee.
A delegate from North Carolina nominated Jas.
A. Siddon, of Virginia.
Mr. Siddon returning thanks for the honor done
him, withdrew his name.
Mr. Avery, of North Carolina, then presented the
name of the Hon. James C. Dobbin, of North Caro
lina.
Mr. Underwood, of Georgia, nominated 11. V.
Johnson, of Georgia.
The roll being called, Vermont cast a plumper
for Breckenridge, of Kentucky. New York being
called, 18 votes were announced by Mr. Ludlow for
(Quitman. Judge Beardsley east 17 Hard votes for
Senator Bayard, of Delaware. Illinois voted for
Quitman.
California announced her vote A. V. Brown.
The ballot resulted ns follows :—Breckenridge,
55; Quitman, 59 ; Boyd, 33 ; Bayard, 31; Dobbin,
13; Fitzpatrick, 11 Brown, 29; 11. V. Johnson,
31 ; Busk, 2 : Tousten Polk, of Missouri, 5.
After the ballot was commenced, Delaware with
drew the name of Senator Bayard.
The name of Brown, of Tennessee, was with
drawn, and Tennessee east her vote for Brecken
ridge, and several other States then changed their
votes to Breckenridge, and, amidst |great excite
ment, Missipppi withdrew the name of Guitmanand
recorded her vote for Breckenridge. Judge Beards
ley, for the New York llards, changed their votes
from Butler to Breckenridge.
The vote was then announced as follows :
John C. Breckenridge, of Kentucky, 296.
The nomination was then declared unanimous,
and was received with immenseapplau.se.
Mr. Breckenridge, being loudly called for, took
the stand famid deafening cheers, and said the re
sult was quite unexpected to him, and he had no
words to express the profound gratitude he lelt for
this mark of honor and confidence from the Demo
crats of the United States. lie did not intend to
make a speech, but only to return thanks from his
heart for the honor done him. With regard to the
first nomination, lie could only say that, Mr. Bu
chanan lived down destruction and calumny,
and was now about to he crowned with the high
est honor that could be conferred on an American
citizen.
Speeches were delivered by Mr. Preston, of Ken
tucky, and others. The city of Charleston was
fixed upon ns the place of meeting of the next
National Convention. The National Committee
was appointed. Resolutions were passed which
authorized the casting of lots for the New York
members, but the Softs declined participating in
this game of chance, and Augustus Schell, being
the only name in the hat, was elected. The Con
vention then adjourned sine die. Subsequently the
President of the Convention delivered an eloquent
speech.
The Indian War in Florida.
We find in the Pilntkn (FI.) Democrat the follow
ing brief account of military movements against the
Indians in Florida :
Capt. Taylor, of t lie U. S. Army, who is in com
mand near the Big Cypress, was in our town a few
days since. He is of the opinion that the main body
of the Indians are yet in the Big Cypress Swamp,
and some other localities in the Indian Territory;
we forgot the particular names. He does not believe
that there are many, if any Indians, now in the
Gulf Hammock. lie says that the Indians have
been hotly pressed, and that it is probable they have
not planted any provision crop this year. That
Capt. Sparkman’s and one or two other companies
of our State troops, have rendered hard service.
He recommends employing in the service a few
good Negro track dogs ; that in this way the Indian
families could be pursued and captured—and the
war, as the consequence, expeditiously terminated.
From Major DeSliiel, who has just returned from
the performance of official duty in that quarter, the
Charleston Standard learns that the columns of sol
diers operating upon the Big Cypress are buffering
greatly from sickness, and that one company hav
ing a sick list not long since of sixty has been order
ed to be replaced. It is an evidence of the differ
ence in health between this region, infested by the
Indians, and the eastern coast, where Fort Dallas
and Fort Capron are situated, that this company
when ordered from Fort Dallas reported for duty to
a man. The two columns, the one upon the upper,
and the other upon the lower portion of the Big Cy
press, though constantly approaching each other had
not met, and as usual, it has proved worse than idle
to track the Indians in the swamp. Near the
northern extremity of this swamp is Lake Ochceho
bce, which is about 150 miles in circumference,
which presents a constant barrier to movement, and
it is doubted whether the most advisable step to be
taken in further operations against the Indians, is
not to build a boat and secure the advantages ot
transportation by steam.
Austrian Italy.
An English paper thus speaks of Austrian tyran
ny in Italy : Austria has got military possession of
the Duchy of Parma, not by a coup do main, but
by a well-concerted plan of long preparation, and
she is exercising her authority with her usual rigor
and insolence. .With respect to the state of siege, a
letter from Parma, of the Bth, gives the following
particulars :—“Alter ten at night Austrian patrols
arrests every man they met in the streets. More
than 200 have been thus arrested. Words can
scarcely describe with what indignity these per
sons, who arc only arrested on suspicion, are treat
ed in the prisons where they are shut up indiscrimi
nately. Sometimes twenty days elapse before they
are examined, when most of them, against whom
nothing can be proved, are set at liberty. Tin* pri
sons in which political offenders are locked up are
guarded by Austrians, and in reply to the request
of some of these unfortunate innocent men to be al
lowed to purchase better food, the Austrian gaoler
replied ‘that prison fare was quite good enough for
them.’ The persons arrested belong chiefly to the
working classes.
“ When one of them is arrested the shop in which
he works is almost immediately shut up, and thus
whole families are punished on a simple ground of
suspicion against an individual member, and should
any kind-hearted friend offer relief, he is immediate
ly arrested and thrown into prison for having shown
sympathy for a suspected person. The arrest ol silty
young men who have been sent off under an escort
to Mantua, has aroused public indignation to an ex
traordinary pitch. The Austrian authorities them
selves own that the only cause of their arrest was
that they were known to entertain political princi
ples not fully conformable with those entertained by
tlie government of Banna The Austrian General
said that they would not be brought to trial, but
simply locked up in the fortress of Mantua until
they had given evident proof of their return to bet
ter sentiments towards their legitimate government.
Some of these unfortunate men were arrested by
mistake, and on a representation to this effect being
made, the Austrian General replied that he was
sorry for it, but he could not release them, as it
would be dangerous to admit that the authorities
could commit an error.”
Population of Territories when they be
came States. —The following interesting facts in
regard to the Territories are taken from the Majori
itv Report of the Committee on Territories of the
lfouse of Representatives, on the question ol admit
ting Kansas :
The amount of population necessary for the ad
mission of a State being left by the_ constitution
wholly to the discreation of Congress, its action in
reference to it having varied in almost every in
stance, affords no uniform precedent.
Tennessee, admitted June 1, L 96, bad, by the
census of 1790, a white population of 32,013.
Indiana, admitted December 11, 1816, had, by
the census of 1810, a white population of 23,890.
Louisiana, admitted April 8, 1812, had, by the
census of 1810, a white population of 34,311.
Mississippi, admitted December 10,1817, had, by
the census of 1820, three years after her admission,
a white population of 42,176.
Missouri, admitted March 2, 1821, had, by the
census of 1820, a white population of 55,983.
Arkansas, admitted June 15, 1836, had, by the
census of 1830, a white population of 25,671.
Florida, admitted March 3,1845, had, by the cen
sus of 1840, a white population of 27,943.
Great Trotting Match on Long Island. —The
New York Herald . of the Bth instant, gives the
foliowmg particulars of a Trotting match on Lnion
Course :
A trotting match for SI,OOO, two mile heats, to
wagons, came off on Tuesday afternoon, between
b. g. Jake Oaklev, to wagon—the driver and wagon
to weigh 350 YE>s.— and br. g. Baltic, to a skeleton
wagon. - The race was won by Jake Oakley easy in
two straight heats, making capital time. Jake Oak
ley looks a good deal like Ripton while in motion.
Baltic had been unwell for some time and was
short of work, and he could not last two miles out
from want of condition. The betting was two to
one on Jake Oakley. The attendance was small.
Thursday, June s.—Match, SI,OOO, two mile
heats, to wagons. .
Wm. Whelan named b. g. Jaite Oakl iy, to wagan.
weighing with driver. -150 tbs. 11
H. Woodruff named br. g- Baltic, to a skeleton
v- i* -v' 2 2
Time, 5:22—0:28.
Five Hundred Children in a Heap.— The
Pittsburg Gazette of the 23d ult. gives the particu
lars of an incident which occurred at the City Hall
on the day previous, which was one of the narrow
est escapes from loss ot life we ever heard of. A
monster concert was to have been given in the
evening by one thousand children. Tue manager's
arrangement for seting them was to have each seat
raised above the other at equal distances, the top
row reaching nearly to the ceiling, all the children
being thus visible 'from all pans of the hall. The
Gazette describes the accident as tollows :
•About five hundred children were arranged on
these gcats yesterday morning for rehersal, when,
just as they commenced to sing, the scaffolding gave
wav precipitating seats and children to the ground
in CTeat confusion. The crash was tremendous.—
Many ran to the hail, when thev witnessed a scene
! that baffles description. Children, screaming at
the top of their voices, were being picked out
from the ruins and examined to see whether they
! were injured. Fortunately, none sustained the
I slightest injury, though many must have fallen at
least twenty feet.
The Lvnchburg Virginian has private iuformatkr
to the effect that the U. S. Military Asylum at Hai
rodsburg, Kv., was burnt down last Sunday. This
is one of the'asvlums, the site of which was selected
by Gen. Scott in 1852, under a special commission
ot the government. The cost was SIOO,OOO. The
fire was” communicated accidentally.
! Strong Language. —-Touchingthe Presidential
campaign anil the Democratic choice of Mr. Bu
chanan, the New York Herald of the 7th instant
states :
The main question is, what are the prospects of
the campaign l We anticipate one of the most ex
citing. tumultuous, and revolutionary political con
tests in all the history ofthe republic. Many of our
hopeful democratic fellow-citizens affect to believe
that there will hardly be a fight—that Mr. Buchanan
with scarcely a show of resistance, will walk over
the course. We have only to say, looking calmly
over the whole field, that for all such as entertain
the belief that there will be no struggle, the doors of
some lunatic asylum had better be opened at once.
We have no doubt of the fact that a vast majority of
the American people, in the present distracted con
dition of the country are opposed to the democratic
party, as debauched and demoralized under the ma
lign influence of this Pierce administration ; and we
believe that there would still exist a majority of the
American people opposed to the ratification of the
debaucheries of this corrupted party, even if they
should nominate as their representative an angel
from heaven.
Explanation of Shooting Stars. —“ That same
old coon,” the hard shell Baptist preacher, “of a
thousand strings,” was recently holding forth on
the “eend of time," aud as there had been a great
number of sliootiug stars not long before, he drew
the following bold illustration of that striking phe
nomenon :
“My bretkering, you have often wondered what
was the meaning of them shooting stars. It was
this, my brethering: When the Lord he saw the
stars was too thick and close together like, he took
the magnesia of attraction, or the fraction of gravi
tation, if you please to call it by the vulgar name,
.and he shook ’em and shook ’em —ah, and thinned
’em out—all, and he left only the sound ones—ah.”
Then leaning over the desk, and lowering his voice
to a confidential tone, he continued : “Thus, my
friends, it will be in the eend of the world. The
Lord will apply the magnesia of attraction to the
meetin’folks, and«hake 'em about and thin ’em
out. and the only stars left in the fundamental
galaxy of his glory will be the good old Baptist
stars.
Power of the Moon at Night. —Mr. Crane,
in his letter from the East, has observed :
“The effect of the moonlight on the t-ves in this
country (Egypt) is singularty injurious, 'f he natives
tell you, as I afterwards found they did in Arabia, to
always cover your eyes when you sleeep in the open
air. "it is rather strange that the passage in the
Psalms —‘The sun shall not smite thee by day nor
moon by night’—should have thus been illustrated,
as the allusion seems to direct. The moon here
really strikes and effects the sight, when you are ex
posed to it, much more than the sun, a fact of which
IJiad a very unpleasant proof one night, and took
care to guard against afterwards. Indeed, the
sight of a person who should sleep with liis face ex
posed at night, would soon be impaired or utterly
destroyed.’’
The London Times of the 12th May continues the
policy of armeiLjntervention in tin* affairs of Italy,
and says:—We have lmd Austrian intervention in
Naples, Austrian intervention in the Legations, Aus
trian intervention in Tuscany, Austrian intervention
in Palma, Austrian government in Lombardy and
Venice—and what have all these interventions
brought ? The King of Naples feels the misery he
inflicts, and is not secure either of liis throne or his
life from hour to hour. The Pope has been a fugi
tive, and, but for the presence of a French garrison,
would be a fugitive again. The Duke of Purina lias
perished by assassination, liis wife has fled from
her dominions, and Austria is entering on a course
of tyranny and proscription which will probably
render her return impossible.
Distressing Suicide near Abingdon, V.\:--A
young lady had committed suicide about five miles
in the country. She was about 23 years old, and
was a daughter of Col. J. L. Davis. She was mar
ried only a few mouths since to Mr. Wm. Gray, one
ofthe finest gentlemen and most devoted husbands
in the whole country. Placing the muzzle against
her breast, it is supposed that she touched the trigger
with a whip stuff which was lying by her side. Alter
executing its awful mission, the gun passed in
through the hole caused by the discharge, and rest
ed against the arm of her ureas, holding her up in a
reclining position.
The day before her death she sent to a neighbor’s
to borrow percussion caps, and that morning bade
her husband farewell fora few hours, with a tender
and loving kiss.
Operations of the Philadelphia Mint. —The
statement of the operations ofthe Mint in Philadcl
phia for the month of May shows that the total gold
deposits and purchases, were $1,053,006 —together,
$1,595,000. Gold coinage during the month, al
most entirely in double eagles und dollars, $860,569 ;
silver coinage, including all the several denomina
tions except dollars, $575,000. The copper coinage
was 150,800 pieces. The whole number of pieces
coined during the month is 2,946,280, of the value of
$1,437,087. The Mint is doing a very light business
just now.
Buddhism in Chin a.— An organization of some
thousand Chinese in California have dedicated a
Buddhistic temple in San Francisco, where they
worship Ching tai, an idol of a famous Chinese war
rior, who lived about I,sooyears ago, and conducted
himself so bravely on earth, that, at liis death, he was
elevated to divine honors. A representation of the
interior of this temple, which has been sent from
San Francisco, exhibits the immortal Ching in a
sitting position, with a magnificent moustache of
very long horse hair. He is clothed with rich gar
ments, and his knees adorned with jewels and pre
cious stones. Ilis face, we are told, is very red ;
made so, perhaps, by the blood of his enemies, or by
blushes at his exaltation among the divinities. The
Priests kneel and bow to this idol, pour out libations
and chaunt hymns, accompanied with gongs and
cymbals, and a shrill, ringing instrument, for which
the Chinese have no name. The sounds are en
dured by the Chinese with a placidity perfectly un
accountable to “outsiders.”
The Sentiments of a Northern College Pre
sident. — Something of an excitement lias been cre
ated among the students of Columbia (N. V.) Col
lege, by the bold speech made by President King at
the late Tabernacle meeting,on the Brooks and Sum
ner affair. The President used pretty strong anti
slavery language, saying, in effect, if not in words,
“I despise the deed—l despise the actor of the deed
—I despise the witnesses of the deed—but above all
I despise the ‘peculiar institution’ that was the cause
of the deed.” A number of Northern pupils had
their enthusiasm aroused, and endeavored to obtain
and publish a general protest condemnatory of
Brooks. But this the Southern pupils of course
opposed, and it.was finally put to vote, when, the
Southerners being in the majority, the idea was
abandoned.
Colquitt County.— 'JKic Thoinasvillc Watch
man speaking of thin new county says : “ With such
portions of the incipient county as we have seen,
wc arc pleased and agreeably surprised. Colquitt
contains extensive tracts of most excellent farming
land, exhaustless forests, fine pasturage, mid a cli
mate unsurpassed for health by any section of
Georgia or the Union. Nor are we Fss favorably
impressed with the people, among whom we do not
hesitate to assure our readers exists all the cordial
courtesy and genuine Georgia hospitality, for which
the older counties are famed. The county town of
Colquitt has been located on the Albany and Troup -
ville road, thirty miles from Thomasville, and is
called Moultrie, in honor of the hero of Fort .Sul
livan.”
Cowhides and Consistency.— We hear a great
deal in the Free Soil papers of the horrid cowhiaings
administered to Southern negroes. These cowhides
are manufactured entirely in Yankcedom. We be
lieve there is not a single manufactory of cowhides
in the Southern States. The cute New Englanders
brought the negroes here originally, sell us the
cowhides to whip them with, and then make an aw
ful snivelling over the horrors of slavery and the
cruelty’of cowhides ’ They are also the only North
Americans engaged at this time in the African
Slave Trade. —Richmond Despatch.
From the top of the Chimborazo to the bottom of
the Atlantic, at the deepest place yet readied by the
plummet in the Northern Atlantic, the distance in a
vertical line is nine miles. The deepest part of the
North Atlantic is probably somewhere between the
Bermudas and the Grand Banks. The waters of
the Gulf of Mexico are held in a basin about a mile
deep in the deepest part. There is at the bottom of
the sea, between Cape Race in Newfoundland aud
Cape Clear in Ireland, a remarkable steppe, which
is already known as the telegraphic plateau. The
great circle distance between these two shore lines is
1,600 miles, and the sea along this route is proba
bly no where more than 10,000 feet deep.
Wonderful Penmanship. —lt Js stated that a
Polish gentleman in New York has transcribed the
Holy Bible on a surface of about the size of a man
tel pier glass, presenting at the first view the ap
pearance of a beautiful temple, but on close exami
nation every part of the elevation, each window and
doorway, ana everything about the picture, is
found to be distinct and regular handwriting, not
one word of the Bible being omitted, no sentence
transposed, and the chapters following each other
in proper order. The work required two years and
seven months of .constant labor. When he com
menced, he was entirely ignorant of the English lan
guage.
The Telegraph in the West Indies. —The St.
Thomas Times of the 9th inst., announces the arrival
by the U. S. steamship Tennessee, of a company of
Telegraph operators, under contract with the Vene
zuelan Government to establish a line of telegraph
between Caraccas and Laguavra. The wires for
this junction are already erected, and the Company
has only now to connect the working apparatus, and
set the line in operation. A condition is included in
the arrangements that the operators shall instruct a
certain number of candidates whom the Govern
ment will appoint.
Hiawatha in Europe. —A Leipzig edition oi
this renowned poem is issued at halt a thaler by Al
phonse Darr. The publisher notes on hife title page
that Hiawatha is now supplied in Rome, Vienna,
Paris, Hamburg, Amsterdam, Brussels, Balae, Tu
rin, Trieste, Venice, Verona. Two German trans
lations are now being read far and wide on the con
tinent, one of them having had the genius of Freili
garth to turn the author's English into the language
of Goethe and Schiller.
Colt's Revolvers. —lt has been estimated that
over 400,000 pistols have been turned out at the
manufactory in Hartford. Os these over one-third
have been sold in California. The United States
have been furainshed with six thousand, which, at a
cost of S2B. would be $168,000, added to repairs,
which would amount to several thousand more.—
About 2,000 are annually sold in New York city by
jobbers and the retail trade, which would amount
by average to nearly $40,000.
Mrs. Ann S. Stephens, the author of ‘’Fashion
and Famine/’ the “Old Homestead/’ and of any
number of articles in Magazines of all sizes, colors
and descriptions, is about starting a periodical of
her own, to be called Mrs. Stephens’ Illustrated New
Monthly Magazine. This ladv can call around her
a troop of the strongest minded women and most
able female writers of the day.
A Raft, Indeed! —A modern traveller in Ger
many, gives a description of one of the immense
rafts which occasionally descend the Rhine. He
says : "It was nine hundred feet long and two hun
dred wide, on winch was built a village for the ac
commodation of the boatmen and the passengers,
consisting of about one thousand persons. There
were cattle, hogs, and other animals on board—and
also a shop where the passengers could be supplied
with every necessary article.' 7
Bearded women have been known in every age.
One was seen at the Court of Czar Peter 1., in* 17*24,
with a beard of immense length. Margaret, Gover
ness of the Netherlands, has a heavy beard.
The citizens of Erie are still excited upon the
Railroad question. At a meeting held a few days
ago, the act of the Legislature which provides for
the subscription of $400,000 by the Erie and North
East Railroad to the Pittsburg and Erie Railroad,
was p&rticolarly denounced. The ultimatum of the
citizens is that the roads entering the city shall ter
minate at the harbor.
Governor Gardner transmitted to the Massachu
setts House of Representatives on Wednesday a
message, suggesting that an appropriation be made
from the State Treasury to defray the expenses of
the illness of Hon. Charles Sumner.
The ” Six Day Steamship.”— The Steamship
Ocean Bird, built at Greeuport, New \ork a year
| or two since, with the expectation of being able to
I cross the Atlahtie Ocean in six days, has been pur
chased by a Havana house, aad sailed on Thursday
i from New York for Havana. Her name lias been
1 changed to “ El Pajaro del Oceana/’
Later from Kansas—Conflicting Accounts.
Chicago , June 9.—The latest accounts from Kan
sas confirm the report of a fresh outbreak of hostili
ties. One hundred men arrived at Westport on the
2d, and started in pursuit of the Free-State men who
fought with and captured Captain Patties’ company
supposed to be forty miles from Westport on the
Santa Fe road. Col. Sumner started off eight com
panies of dragoons immediately to the scene of dis
turbance.
The Chicago Tribune has a letter from Lawrence,
dated on the 31st ult., which states that the Free
State men were in iminiwent peril. The Missouri
ans were marshalling forces again, and the farmers
were obliged to organize companies for their defence
against the marauders.
A steamer from Fort Pierre on the 29th ult ar
rived at St. Louis. General Harney completed a
treaty with the Sioux Indians on the 23d. The In
dians had suffered severely from hunger during the
past winter. An unusual quantity of snow was on
the mountains down to the end of April. The steam
er brings 11,000 robes and furs. She met the United
States steamer W. Baird on the 30th, bound to Fort
Pierre.
St. Loui*, June7. —The latest intelligence from
Kansas received here fails to confirm the account
telegraphed on Friday. Instead of a battle between
50 pro-slavery men and 150 Free-State men, there
was only a small fight between two parties, resulting
in tin* death ©f two or three persons. Capts. McGee
and Bane are not dead. Captain Patties’ compa
ny was raptured by a superior force of Free-State
men.
St. Louis, June 10.—Later advices from Kansas
state that Bernard, in Kansas, was burnt on the 3d
inst .by the Abolitionists. It is reported that the
Abolitionists have captured Fianklin, after hours of
fighting. Three pro slavery men were killed. An
other report discredits the capture, though confirm
ing tin* assault. Marshal Donelson and four men
were killed near Hickory Point while arresting the
assaulters of Patti’s party. The Abolitionists are
destroying the houses and driving away the families
near Bull Creek. One hundred and fifty men have
gone in pursuit of the marauders. Gov. Shannon
had issued a proclamation on the 4tli instant, com
manding all illegal military organizations to disperse
or to be dispersed by troops, and calls for vigilance
in enforcing the laws and the protection of property
and persons. He has made a requisition on Colonel
Sumner for troops.
Dates at Chicago to the 10th instant states that
(’olonel Sumner passed through Lecompton on the
Ith for Topeka. A new attack on Lawrence is re
ported as contemplated. Six hundred men are ex
pected to take part. Plans are said to be formed for
a night attack. The Free State men are determined
to resist. It is rumored that Sheriff Jones was kill
ed in the fight at Franklin.
Marine Commerce ok Liverpool.—A list of
the number and tonuage of vessels arrived at
Liverpool during the week ending May 27 will
give some idea of the amount of marine commerce
at that port and the sources from which it is derived:
No. Vessels. Tons.
Austria 2 2,12*2
India and China 18 1*2,822
Africa 3 981
West Coast America I*2 6,389
River Plate and Brazil 17 3,616
West Indies Gulf Mexico.. 14 4,515
Mediterranean and other Eu
ropean ports 53 12,497
Total, exclusive U. S 119 42,852
United States.
Galveston 1 488
New Orleans 27 27,511
Mobile 13 15,750
Apalachicola 3 2,218
Savannah 10 8,712
Charleston 1 2,249
Virginia 1 338
Baltimore 3 1,504
Philadelphia 2 2,512
New York 10 12,363
Portland 1 414
Total United States 76 73,489
All other sources 119 42,852
195 116,341
It will be seen that the tonnage from the United
States was 30,637 tons in excess of the tonnage
from all other parts of the world. This is a peace
argument that the merchants of Great Britain will
not fail to appreciate.
Illegitimate Royalty.—Rear-Amiral Lord
Adolphus Fitzclarence, G. C. IL, who died on the
17th ult., at Newburgh Park, Sir George Womb
well’s seat near Easingworld, Yorkshire, was the
second son of King William IV. His mother was
Mrs. Jordan, the celebrated actress, who died at St.
Cloud, in France, the Bth of July, 1816. He was
born tlie 18th of February, 1802, and entered the
Royal Navy soon after lie had completed liis six
teenth year as midshipman on board the Spartan.
Lord Adolphus Fitzclarence, whose death is very
generally deplored, was the last survivor of four
brothers who all inherited the aimable and benevo
lent disposition of their royal futher, and were
all popular, and everywhere enjoyed affection and
esteem.
An English Filibuster Rewarded. —The
British East India Company has just voted Lord
Dalhousie, late Governor-General of India, a pen
sionof $25,000 a year as a mark of its appreciation
of his services during his administration, by which
four kingdoms, besides lesser territories, were ad
ded to the Company’s possessions, and an annual
tribute of twenty two millions was imposed upon
the inhabitants. One of the English journals, speak
ing of this matter, attempts to gloss this act of filli
bustering by showing that misrule and revolution
had mined the country, and that to save it was ne
cessary to appropriate it. “A wrong was done, but
a great benefit was conferred.”
Increase ok Wealth in Ohio. —ln the year
1850, before the completion of its railway system,
the Slate of Ohio had an aggregate amount of taxa
ble property rated at $439,876,«>40, and in the year
1855, after the completion of the system, the value
of the same description of property is set down at
$869,877,354, very nearly double. Nothing can
more forcibly illustrate the wonderful effects of rail
way improvements upon the prosperity of a State.
Ohio has entered more largely than any other mem
ber of the confederacy upon the development of the
system of railways.
More Difficulties with the Indians.-— From
a private letter received in Boston, wc learn that
Lieut. N. A. M. Dudley, with a detachment of thirty
men of the tenth infantry U. S. army, had a fight
with a bund of Cheyennes Indians on the Platte
River, just above the “Bridge Crossing,” the even
ing of April 19th, with a loss of one killed and one
wounded. Two Indians were killed and some
wounded. The affair occurred after 8 o’clock in
the evening.
A Rough Sentence. — Nicholas Sanciller, who was
recently sent to France from New York, under the
extradition treaty, lias been found guilty of forgery
and sentenced to ten years’ hard labor in the prison
of Poissy, near Paris.
The ship Stephen Heath, from Port Philip, Aus
tralia, for London, was spoken on 14th ult., by ship
West Point, arrived at New York, and reported she
had two and a half tons of gold on board, and one
half the crew in irons. An attempt had been made
to take the ship.
Bad News from the Choctaw Nation.— ln
the Choctaw country, on the borders of Arkausas,
so great has been the recent devastation of the lo
custs throughout the “nation,” as to compel nearly
all there to abandon their corn and cotton crops of
the season in despair.
Armed Soldiers for Kansas. — The citizens of
Worcester, Mass., held u meeting Saturday even
ing, at which $1,500 were subscribed to aid the free
State settlers in Kansas. Pledges have been made
to greatly increase this contribution during the
week. There was much excitement on the sub
ject, and a large number of men volunteered for
homes in Kansas. They will go well armed, and
under the command of men of experience in milita
ry tactics.
The Postmaster General has addressed an official
despatch to the leading post-offices, instructing the
Post-Master in each case, that whenever any letter
is deposited unpaid, he must send a circular notice
to the party addressed, that the said letter is de
tained for want of prepayment, and that it will be
forwarded on the receipt, in stamps, of the amount
due.
A movement has been made by several influen
tial gentlemen in London to establish a college for
the blind. The institution is intended for the blind
members of the independent classes of society, and
to provide for a very liberal education. It is to be
founded on the proprietary principle. The Rev. Dr.
McNeile, of Liverpool, the Rev. Dr. Taylor, long
associated with the teaching of the blind, and other
gentlemen, are engaged in the undertaking.
Brought to Jail.— Pinckney Morgan, who kill
ed Nathaniel Gordon, of Polk county, on the 14th
June, 1855, was arrested a few days since in Rabun
county, and on last Saturday was brought by the
Sheriffs of Polk to this place, and committed to
jail.
We are informed that John Wadkina, who killed
Sanford Pryor in Polk county last December, was
arrested in Knoxville, Tenn., a short time since for
the commission of some petty crime there—that the
Sheriff of Polk county lias been informed of his
whereabouts, and that he will be brought back for
trial.— Rome Courier.
Plays Sl p pressed.-— The Mayor of Baltimore on
Saturday prohibited the performance, at the Muse
um of “Jack Sheppard” and “Glance at Baltimore,”
as they were considered demoralizing. The Mana
ger obeyed the prohibition and read the Mayor’s or
der to the audience at night.
“Blessings on the man,” quoth Sancbo Panza,
“who first invented sleep.’’ Let us another “bles
sing” that he didn’t prevent the general use of hie
invention by taking out a patent for it.
General Scott.— A letter to the South Caro
linian, dated West Point, N. Y., May 27, says :
“Lieut. Gen. Scott spent yesterday at the Point,
and returned to-day te New York. The gallant ola
soldier is in fine health, and is as erect as any officer
of the army, at the good old age c fthree-score years
and ten.
The Troy (N. Y\) Budget of Friday says that Mar
garet Sears was arrested and committed to jail yes
terday by officer Fuller and Hurlbut, on a bench
warrant, for murder, an indictment having been
found against her for the murder of her husband,
Francis Sears, who, it will be rememered, died very
suddenly, by poison, some time since in the upper
part of the city.
Death Caused by Camphene— Mr. E. Mer
riam, a well known philosopher of Brooklyn
Heights, has compiled a list of 169 persons killed,
and 279 persons wounded during the last five
years, by the explosion ofcamphene and other burn
ing tioios. He remarks that the season of the
year has now arrived when the heat acts upon all
burning fluids and renders their use increasingly
dangerous.
Yellow Fever. — Considerable apprehensions of
epidemic has recently been experienced by the res
idents of Washington and Georgetown, in conse
quence of a man having died of black vomit on
board a vessel just arrived at the latter place,
from the West Indies. Effectual measures were
immediately taken to prevent the spread of the
sease.
Pantaloons and Petticoats.— A young woman
has been working in the factory of the American
whip company at Westfield, during the last six
months, attired in male clothes. She pretended to
be a nice young man of 17, smoked large Ha
vanas made at Feeding Hills, was a successful
beau among the young ladies, and acted her part
as a modern gentleman very well to all outside ap-
I>earancea.
Railway to Jerusalem.— At the recent annual
meeing of the British Society, the Chairman, Sir
Culling E. Eardley, mentioned the fact that a rial
road is about to be established from the Mediterra
nean to Jerusalem, with the sanction of the Tur
kish and British Governments, and that it is likely
that the material of the line from Balaklava to Se
bastopol will be transferred for the purpose- Thus,
materially as well as politically, the war has tended
to open up the East to Westerm enterprise.
Hugh Miller, the distinguished Scotch Geologist,
author of the “Old Red Sandstone,” and “Foot
Prints of the Creator,” is coming to this country on
a lecturing tour.
Edward Duffel, a youth, for killing Mrs. Gillewa
ter, a woman of ill-fame, in Lynchburg, Va., has
been sentenced to the penitentiary, for eight years.
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERfES VOL. XX. NO. a*.
KiiSNiu and the Kn»»ian«.
The St. Petersburg correspondent of tlie Non-
York Herald thus speaks of the signs of progress
and strength that meet the eye at every turn in
Russia :
Tills city (St. Petersburg) is in itself a standing
and triumphant refutation of all the pitiful and mani
fold misrepresentations whieh have been so assidu
ously circulated in relation to everything connected
with the country.
Its square*, streets, palaces, quays, churches,
monuments, public institutions, and, in short, all In,
about, and belonging to it, are on a scale of grand
and imposing magnitude which is nowhere elae to
be found. \ou are met on all sides, go where you
will, wjth such a sameness of magnificence that par
ticularization seems almost idle. The entire ab
sence of wretchedness among the humblest portion
of the population has to me, however, been, above
and beyond all else, the highest source of gratifica
tion and astonishment. No such thing as squ&Uid
wretchedness exists. In this respect—the most
really important of all—no city, at home or abroad,
excepting, perhaps, Constantinople, will for a mo
ment compare with it For more than two months
I have traversed every portion of St. Petersburg
and the adjacent islands, during all bom's of the day
and night, and have felt no little humiliation at the
reflection that despotism should have here done so
much more for the toiling poor than they have ever
yet accomplished for themselves, even under our
own glorious institutions, which fully empower them
to become their own regenerators. There is not a
lane, alley, or narrow or dirty street in the whole
place ; and the cheerful gaiety which throngs and
enlivens the gardens, prominent streets, quays and
squares, though not to be compared with Paris—the
world has, and never had, but one Paris—is in stri
king and pleasing contrast to the plodding dullness
which moves through the thoroughfares of London.
I was here, and in several of the other cities and
towns of Northern Russia, for sometime before
peace was ratified, and can safely sav that if the
people or business of the country had* been much
affected by the war, they must have been in a most
gratifying condition before it commenced, and the
injury produced must have become chronic, as the
return of peace has brought no visible change be
yond the general murmur of discontent with which
its announcement was at first received.
The Russians—more particularly the men who
control the empire—arc not enthusiasts about mere
idle, fruit less glory. They care comparatively little
about opinions, und attack but slight importance to
anything but results. 1 was present when the Em
peror announced the ratification of peace to the
army, in front of the Winter Palace, and it seemed
to fall like a wet blanket upon both the troops and
the immense multitude present. The latter imme
diately dispersed in sullen silence.
The people, w ho are somewhat slow in getting in
to anything, are much dissatisfied with the termina
tion of hostilities, but the knowing ones chuckle
quietly over the result. The war has only made
Russia fully conscious of her owu immense strength
and exhaustless resources, while at n remajkably
cheap cost, it has unfolded to her all her imperfec
tions aud deficiencies, and these—with a wise pru
dence and practical good sense—she has already
earnestly devoted herself to correcting. Never was
the advantage which a great, producing, self sus
taining country possesses iu time of war overall
others, made more strikingly manifest, and this dif
ference W’ould have increased with the prolongation
of the struggle. The paper portion of the curreucy
remained throughout at par, und specie was instant
ly obtained, as now*, by presenting the notes at the
bank. Provisions of every kiud were in abundance
und exceedingly cheup, and all branches of trade
and manufacture—foreign commerce alone except
ing—prospered with, in many eases, more than their
usual activity. Railroads are now about to be con
structed to all the leading points of the empire.—
That from t liis city to Moscow* (over four hundred
miles,) which has been iu operation for several
years, is the finest in the world. The country being
so level, offers every facility for that species of com
munication, and instead of running a road in every
direction where there is a good sized town to tap,
they adopt the sensible plan of carrying t hem in a
direct line and leaving the town to either come to
them or give way to new and more enterprising ri
vals. The work on the road from Moscow to War
saw will now be prosecuted with the utmost vigor,
and those from the former place to Odessa, (witli a
branch to the Crimea,) und to the Caspian sea, by
meeting the Volga at Saratou will soon be com
menced. When these and others are finished, Rus
sia will have no need of immense naval arsenals on
the coast, but will keep them in the interior, where
no foreign foe will be likely to trouble them much,
and send the material thence at a moment’s warn
ing so t hat little indeed has been the gain of her op
ponents in rendering Sebastopol a purely commer
cial port. The “ neutralization of the Black Sea”
lias been auite as meaningless, for it was, in fact,
neutral betore the war; and as there is nothing saiu
in the terms of peace about the Sea of Azof, the
Russians are left entirely free to build, equip and
keep as many ships there as they pleased, and from
thence* float them down on “ eninels” into it when
ever their presence is required.
The Boundary Between .llexico nntl the United
Htaten.
Proclamation by the President.
Whereas, pursuant to the first article of the trea
ty between the United States and the Mexican re
public. of the thirtieth day of December, one thou
sand eight hundred and fifty-three, the true limits
between the territories of the contracting parties
were declared to be as follows :
Retaining the same dividing line between the two
Californios as already defined and established, ac
cording to the fifth article of the treaty of Guadal
upe llulalgo, the limits between the two republics
shall be as follows:
Beginning in the Gulf of Mexico, three leagues
from land, opposite the mouth of the Rio Grande, as
provided in the fifth article of the treaty of Guadal
upe Hidalgo; thence, as defined in the said article,
up the middle of that river to the point where the
parallel of 31 deg. 47 min. north latitude crotses the
same ; thence due west one hundred miles ; thence
south to the parallel of 3! deg. 20 mill, north lati
tude ; thence along the said parallel of 31 deg. 20
min. to the 111th meridian of longitude west of
Greenwich ; thence in a straight line to a point on
the Colorado river twentw English miles below the
junction of the Gila and Colorado rivers; thence up
the middle of the said river Colorado until it inter
sects the present line between the United States and
Mexico.
And whereas, the said dividing line has been sur
veyed, marked out and established, by the respec
tive commissioners of the contracting parties, pur
suant to the same article of the said treaty :
Mow, therefore, be it known, that I, Franklin
Pierce, I'resident of the United States, do hereby
declare to all whom it may concern, that the line
aforesaid shall be held and considered as the boun
dary between the United States and the Mexican
Republic, and shall be respected as such by the
United States and the citizens thereof.
In testimony whereof, I have coused the seal of
the United States to be hereunto affixed.
Given under my hand, at the city of Washington,
this second day of June, in the year of our
[l. s.] Lord one thousand eight hundred and fifty
six, and of the independence of the United
States the eightieth.
Franki.in Pierce.
By the President, W. L. Marry, Secretary of
State.
Secret Mischief. —A correspondent of the
London Times, writing from Turin, says, and no
doubt correctly, that in all countries of Europe,
where a rigid censorship of the press is maintained,
the most injurious slanders on the government are
disseminated by means of secret printing. This he
states was fully proved to be the case, even in France,
in the developments of the Marianne conspiracy.—
He adds that in Central Italy there are at this time
numerous printing presses constantly at work which
furnish the readers of the papers issuing from them
with matter so dangerous that even in free Pied
mont no paper would dare to publish it. In Pied
mont, England, Belgium and Switzerland there arc
no secret presses, because there is no demand for
them, and yet the newspapers there are infinitely
superior in the moderation of their tone to the sur
reptitious papers alluded to. This suggests to the
Times’ correspondent the consideration that if de
spotic governments desire to rid themselves of these
secret slanders, they have only to relax the severity
of their censorship.
The Shooting at Florence.—The EufaulaSpir
it, of the 10th inst., gives a brief statement about
the recent affair at Florence, which seems some
what to mitigate its enormity, and encourages the
hope that it will not prove as disastrous as former
reports led us to apprehend. According to this ac
count, Mr. Averett's toll-gate had several times
been destroyed, and a party of his friends had sta
tioned themselves near by to protect it against an
expected attack. Seeing an axe and a gun in pos
session of the approaching party, and supposing
they were coming to destroy the gate, the friends
of Averett fired upon them with squirreil shot, se
verely wounded several as heretofore reported, but
it was hoped none were fatally hurt. John McLen
don and Ebenezer Miles had been arrested and ex
amined, the former discharged and the lattar bound
over in S2OO. No other arrests had been made.—
Columbus Enquirer.
Mr. Fillmore and the Nomination. —The New
York Herald’s Paris correspondent, under date of
the 21st ult. writes that Mr. Fillmore arrived in that
city on the 20th from Copenhagen. He left Rome
with a view to go to Russia, but found the Baltic
blocked with ice. So he returned to Paris, and will,
in a few days, leave for England. The writer adds :
“You may expect him home in four or five weeks.
He looks remarkably well, and I venture to say is
the most composed candidate for the Presidency
now extant. Mr. Fillmore received the first of
ficialinformation of his nomination by the Ameri
can party in Venice, and a duplicate of it here the
day before yesterdav. His acceptance goes out by
the same mail which carries this letter. Mr. F. en
dorses the general principles of the platform, and
condemns all sectional agitation. He accepts the
nomination as a national man.”
The Mount or Olives.—The Mount of Olives
near Jerusalem, has been purchased by a Madame
Polack, the wiaowof a wealthy banker of the He
brew persuasion of Konigsberg, in Prusia. This
lady intends to beautify the place and improve the
whole neighborhood, at her sole expense. The first
thing she has done is to plant the whole area with a
grove of olive tress, and thus to restore it to the
original state to which it derives its name. The
olive tree thrives well in that locality, and though it
takes many years before arriving in a state of ma
turity, and sixteen years before bearing any fruit at
all, it requires but little or no tending, and lasts for
several hundred years.
Royal Matrimony and Scandal. —Prince Os
car, of Sweden, is expected immediately in Eng
land, on a flirtation tnp, to woo the hand of Princess
Mary of Cambridge, a sister of the present Duke
of Cambridge, and first cousin of England’s Queen.
The Princess Mary is young, and the fairest of all
the females of the English Guelplia. She is tall and
of fine figure, like her mother, with a profusion of
brown hair, and a very joyous, ingenious expression.
With this match all the Cambridge's will be wedded
but the Duke, who lives after the fashion of his un
cle, William the Fourth, with a beautiful actress,
Miss Fairbrother, by whom he has five children,
and for whom he cherishes an unwavering love.
A Paris letter states that Louis Napoleon “intends
to parcel out Africa into large fiefs and domains,
wherewith to reward and endow his Marshals and
Generate. His uncle parcelled out Europe for this
purpose, but he had previously subdued it to his will.
Such gifts will prove a source of embarrassment
rather than of wealth to their recipients. The Em
peror is, however, so intent upon this scheme, that
his chief object in going to Algiers in September is
to ascertain whether the objections which his project
has excited are of sufficient importance to justify him
in abandoning it.”
Rather Ambiguous.— AnTndiau'paper announc
ing the death of a gentleman “ out West,” says that
“ tLe deceased, though a bank director , is generally
believed to have died a Christian, and was much re
spected while living.”
Mr. Lumley, and several of attaches of the Brit
ish Legation, remain at Washington, but hold no
intercourse with the Government. They received
their passports with that of Mr. Crompton, at his re
quest.
General Todlebeu, who has rendered himself fa
mous as engineer of the defences of Sebastopol, left
St. Petersburg a few days ago on a tour for his
health, which has been considerably impaired by a
wound in the leg, received during tne latter part of
the Beige. The wound itself was comparatively tri
fling, being purely a flesh one, but the neglect of it
at the time, coupled with the anxiety, fatigue and
restlessness to which he subjected himself, produced
a fever whioh still clings to him. He is a splendid
fellow and a modest man.
Lift* aud Death: or, the Como ir *. i-v ■ o
of Occupations.
The comparative mortality of occupations, i i
subject that is beginning t(* excite a due <L* t rr. •
attention among medical men. The means ofp:v
longing life have no! been fully Considered. Tin ; ,
are thousands who die every year, in couaequetu «*
of subjecting themselves to climate to which th y
have not been used, while other thousands per. h
prematurely, because they art* unfit constitution'll
ly, for the particular occupations to which they de
voted themselves. Parents when selecting profes
sions and avocations for their children, should dels
consider all the inconveniences and probabilities,
l hey should not only examine into the phvsical bur
the mental qualifications, and then decide accord
ingly. There are at this moment, hundreds of phv
sicians and lawyers in the land, who are totally un
suited to struggle on, amid the keen competitions,
in consequence as well of a want of energy, as < I
mental stamina. This may bo well enough, when a
parent desires to see his son become a professional
man, merely for the title or honor, and without r« -
lerenee to the means of livelihood. And so again
m relation to many other branches. A poor arti -
or example, is compelled to toil all the davs of Ids
tile, and then is scarcely able to obtain a comfortable
living But there is still a more important question in
volved, namely, the comparative mortality of occu
pations, and the adaptability of particular constitu
tions for certain calliugs. ‘According to the- 1 ith
Annual Report of the English Registrar Gemiul,. t'
twelve classes specified, farmers are the lon-! :
livers. Their rate of mortality is not quite twelve
in a thousand per annum, between the ages of Id
• Tlie “ uml)er of English farmers of all age*
in 1801, including 2,4*29 graziers, was 225,74? of
whom there were 58,608 between the ages of 15 ami
;». r ». In that year, the total number of deaths amor •
farmers of ullages was 6,426, very much below Ur
number which would have been registered had Hu so
individuals been engaged in other pursuits. These
facts prove that the pure air, the daily exercise, tin*
substantial fare, and the other aids to health enjov
ed by this substantial class, considerably modify tile
influence of unfavorable weather, bad seasons, open
ports, peculiar burdens on land, audall otherruinous
things which farmers’ friends have been aecustoim d
to depict in such gloomy colors.
It is somewhat singular that shoemakera held the
next place to tanners—their i ate
tween 45 aud 55, being about fifteen in a thousand.
The next trades in rank are weavers, grocers, black
smiths, carpenters, tailors and laborers. The rate
of mortality among tailors for example, within ti e
ages of 40 and 45, is little over 16 in 1000— and of
laborers little over 17. Then oome miners, the rote
being over 20—then bakers, the rate being over 21
—then butchers, the rate being over 23—then inn
keepers, the rate being over 28. The Register sav
“A great disparity is observable in passing from
laborers into the class of miners, telling a talc of
dangers, many of which result from criminal n» --
led/’
The mortality of butchers will probably surprif o
the reader, but it is attributed to their abundant
use of animal food. The questions involved are full
of interest. There are very few persons, however
careful, who do not commit excesses of son*.*
kind, who do not violate the laws of prudence
and health, and thereby shorten their day .
The heavy atmosphere of a crowded city, and
the great liability to excitements, accidents and
epidemic discuses, no doubt produce a powerful in
fluence, and exercise an injurious etVeet. On the
other hand, there are many moist and swampy sec
tions of country, where disease and death arc far
more prevalent than even in the narrow hovels <d .i
thronged metropolis. Philadelphia is deservedly
regarded as one of the healthiest cities in the Union,
and yet it might be rendered still more so, by a bet
ter system of drainage, ventilation, and general pi»
rification. In many communities, men pay imme «>
sums to protect their property, and yet they do litiln
or uothiugto protect their lives, it is the easiest,
thing in the world to provoke a fever or an epidem
ic by carelessness, imprudence aud uncleuiuinr ;
and yet how difficult it is to restore the languid suf
ferer, or to bring back a condition of general health.
The boon of life is priceless, but in many cases it is
greatly neglected or undervalued.— PltilaJehthi/
Inquirer.
The Butchery near St. Joseph, Mo. —Arrest
ok the Murderers.- -The St. Louis Evening News
of the fitli inst., states
We have already mentioned the circumstance of
the butchery and burning of a whole family of si veil
persons, near St. Joseph, Mo., a week or two ago.
The victims were a Gorman, named Jacob Friend,
his wife and five children, the charred she!-tons
of whom were found in the smouldering ruins of
their cabin. They were supposed to have been
massacred and then burned, and steps won- ta
ken to discover the perpetrators of Hie inhuman
atrocity. The St. Joseph Cycle of the JOthsnv.
Suspicion fixed the crime upon one Amos Davis,
a Mormon. Others were, by various circmnstni!
ecs, also suspected, and said Davis, .John Patterson,
George M. Lincoln, and Warner Hoops, wen- • r
rested. An examination commenced on Monday
morning, before Justices Dougherty and Hughes,
which was continued till Wednesday evening. -
Nothing was elicited to fix the guilt upon the par
ties, but it was thought the circumstantial evidence
liinae out a sufficient case to commit l)u\ is. Tin*
others were discharged. There was a lingering
suspicion, however, resting upon the mind ot ru n
one that all were guilty. This led to the retak ug ■»f
Patterson, and upon this second arrest lie
as being a party to the horrible deed, implicating
Davis, Lincoln, Hoops, and one Mycis. 1 **• t -
terson being secured in jail, Myers was the u< \t so
be arrested, and In* was found and taken at “X’ni' ii
House,” kept at the steamboat landing, to I ol Se -
cond street. He also confessed his guilt an I vras
placed in jail. Parties then started alter night . '< ;•
the bottom to secure Lincoln and Hoops. r l hey k !
not been taken yesterday morning, but tin* whole
country is in pursuit and they can hardly escape.
Upon approaching the house of Lincoln, a signal w .s
given with a blast of the horn, which, it is supposed,
was to warn the guilty of danger.
The motive prompting the p-rpaf ration of this
horrible deed, is not fully fathomed— whether booty
or to wreak personal veiige ic *. Tin* whole fami
ly, seven souls, were murd red : a 11 still watch
es of the night, and the house fired over the lifeless
bodies—one an infant nt tie* mo!h<i’ brem t, the
remains of which were found. 1 uri cd to a crisp by
the side, it is supposed, of its mother.
I*. S.—Since writing the above; 1 iucoln and
lloops have been arrested an 1 I nr g! f into town.
All five of the implicated parries.vie m jail to await
the penalty of the law for tli *ii av, ful ei ime.
The excitement is great, and we would urge
upon Judge Norton to hold a special term of the
Court that justice may be lawfully and speedily dis
pensed.
Health of the Empress Eugenia—Railroads
in Franc k. —The Pari, correspondent of the New
York Post, in his letter, writes as follow;:
The health of the Empress is very delicate, and
the Emperor himself is suffering from a rheumatic
affection in one of his legs. Mis physician has re
commended him to try the mineral waters of Plom
beires, and he will leave for that place in a few days.
He will be absent but a short time, however, as he is
to escort the Empress some time in July to Biarritz,
in the Pyrenees. The railway train in which she
will perform the journey is now in daily circulation
between Pans ami Tours. It consists of five cars,
communicating with each other by means of a wide
gallery. It is nothing more nor less than a suit of
elegantly furnished apartments, comprising all the.
accommodations of a comfortably furnished house
—dining-room, drawing-room, bed chambers, all
complete. That is the way royalty locomotes in this
country. I may here mention, incidentally, that
cat-building in France is making rapid strides to
wards perfection. On the Orleans Railway people
can now go to bed—fairly undress, ami have as good
a night’s rest as they could get under a four poster.
For this the traveller pays the price of two seats.
Paris Romance. —Paris is a city of wonderful oc
currences. The suicides are wonderful, the liven
extraordinary, and the deaths unnatural. Os the
marriages there are constantly happening the droll
est, the oddest, the most bizarre imaginable, of
which the following is a specimen Madame la
Contesse X****, a very rich widow, living in an
aristocratic faubourg, went daily into a populous
quartiere of the city distributing alms. In order not,
to attract attention ami prevent curiosity, she was
in the habit of leaving her splenpid equipment and
proceeding modestly in an omnibus, it was thus
that upon one occasion she addressed herself to the
conductor of one of the vehicles who attracted her
attention by his politeness and attention towards his
passengers. She desired him to reserve for her at
a certain hour every day a place in the carriage on
the top of which he pm sued his vocation. During
many months the place was scrupulously preserved,
to the great contentment of the lady ; and to testify
her satisfaction to the young conductor, who, physi
cally, was remarkably prepossessing, she one day
abruptly observed to him : “ 1 might easily pass lor
your mother, fori ain beyond my fortieth year, but
if my age does not frighten you, I offer you my hand
in marriage and my brilliant position f” Notwith
standing his intense astonishment, the conductor at
once took off his cap and accented the offer, refusing
byway of generous acknowledgement, to accept
of any compensation for the distance she had already
ridden. The marriage was recently celebrated.—
The conductor finds himself a man of 40,000 francs
income and husband of a buxom person, whom it is
his delight daily to promenade on the Champ Elysecs
in an elegant caleehe drawn by a pair of expensive
horses, the envy and admiration of all who see
them. _
Absorption of Matter by the Surfaces of
Bodies. —Sir David Brewster lias communicated to
the British Association of Science, a paper «n t! «?
absorption of matter by the surfaces of bodies.—
If the surface of a piece of glass, whether artifi
cially polished or fused, be smeared lightly with
soap, and then be perfectly cleansed with apiece
of chamois leather, the surface, when breathed
upon, will exhibit in the most beautiful manner,
all the colors of thin plates. If the breathing be
performed through a tube, the colors will be ar
ranged in rings, the outmost being black, corres
ponding to the centre of the system of rings formed
between a convex and a plane surface. In repeat
ing this experiment on the surface or other bodies,
Sir David found that there were several on whose
surfaces no colors were produced. Quartz exhibit
ed the colors like glass, but calcareous spar and sev
eral other minerals did not. In explaining this phe
nomena it was remarked that the particles ot the
soap which are dissolved by the breath, either must
enter the pores of the bodies or form a strongly ad
hering film on their surfaces. This property of ap
propriating temporarily the particles of soap, be
comes a new and distinct characteristic ot mineral
and other bodies.
A Counterfeiter Swallowing the Evidkm k
Against Him. —The Buffalo Republic gives the fol
lowing account of the transactions of a counterfeiter
in that city, one day last week:—“The individual
had passed a counterfeit bill upon Mr. Flint, tin*
treasurer of the theatre, who procured Ids arrest ,
had conveyed him to the box office to be searched.
As he entered the office he put his hand in his pock
et and took something therefrom—supposed to be a
roll of bills—which he quickly thrust through the
ticket window to a person on the outside—proba
bly a confederate. That person tied, and although
the officers pursued him, tney were unable to cap
ture him. About this time the fellow observed the
bill that he had passed upon Mr. Flint lying on the
counter, and with a rapidity and ease that astonish
ed all who saw him, seized ana swallowed it. lie
was then searched, but no counterfeit money was
found upon him. A handsome sum of good money
and a valuable gold watch were found and retained
by the officers. He was locked up for the night,
and taken to Rochester next morning—he. with
his confederate, having escaped from the officers
there.”
Lager Bier. —The Philadelphia Journal has the
following about the cost of lager bier : Large and
small taken together, there are twenty-two brewe
ries in this city devoted to the exclusive manufac
ture of lager bier ; and the entire value of their win
ter brew, which is not removed from the huger
vaults until May. is, as near os may be , $000,OIK),
the price at wholesale being seven dollars per bar
rel. The $600,000 worth ot the beverage produced
by the winter brew, when retailed in the usual way
will produce a round million of dollars. It is esti
mated that only about a third of the quantity made
here is devoted to other places. A great deal ot
that sold as Philadelphia beer in other cities, is
made elsewhere.
An ukase of the late Emperor Nicholas of Russia,
issued in 1850, requiring the Jews in the western
cnvernmentß of the empire to dofl the long skirted
garments, and wear coats of western brevity, is
now being carried out with all vigor and severity m
Wilna, Kowno, Grodno and Minsk. Another por
tion of the same ukase requires Jewesses to wear
their own hair, and discontinue the use ot artlhguu
topknots.