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BY WM. S. JONES
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1857! THE 1857!
SOUTHERN CULTIVATOR,
A MONTHLY JOCRNAL,
d*VOT«P exclusively to the imi kovamknt or
Southern Agriculture. Horticulture, Stock lin tiling,
Poultry, Bees, General Farm Economy,
Illustrated Numerom Eiogant Engravings.
ONE DOLLAR A YEAR IN ADVANCE.
DANIEL LEE M D. aso I) SeDMOND, Editors.
The ifteenth Volume will commence in
January, 1857.
The Cultivator I* a Urge octav > of thirty two page*,
forming a volume of 1184 p»K* -n the year. It contains a
much greater amount of reading matter than any Agri
cultural Journal of the South—embracing, in addition to
all the current agricultural t'»pte* >4 the flay,
VALUABLE ORIGINAL COXTRJBL I IONS
from many of the moit Intelligent and j or-. Gcal i'i
garment, and HortieUlturint« in every section of the South
and Southwest.
TERMS:
OsxCorr, 1 year $1 125 Copies, i y- »■-. .
Hix CoriKu l “ 5 J 100 “ 1 ■ 7.'j
THE Cash System Will be rigidly adla r« d to, and in
no instance will the paper be *.-nt uni - ■« tue money
companion the order. The Bill* of all paying
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Advertisement*
Inserted At ONE !>•)LI.AIt per *<4ll are of twelve Hue?,
•each insertion; one square per Annum, Ti n Dollars
Addretn W.H. 8. .JONES, AiigiiMn, Ga.
I'ernon* who will ft't as Agents, and obta.n Sub
•criSer*. will befurnUhed w ith the paper at Club rates.
FOR SAL 1-.
FOR SALE,
undersigned, being desirous of leaving*.’ • State
jL offers at private Male. ail his REAL ESTA : h m
the town of Warreuton, Warren county, Ga e nsistmg
of a Dwelling lienee, and Lot of about liv * Lcre«of
Land. Also, hi* Carriage Shop and Lot, Tools. Machine.
Lumber, and all his stocn. together with all hi ) finished
aud unfinished work.
From fifteen to twenty thousand dollars worth of
work cau easily be disposed of, at good prices, at this
stand, in twelve months.
Persons wishing to purchase, are respectfully invited
oall and examine for
Possession will be given at any time, to suit e pnr
charier GEORGE L. BOBUER.
Warrenton, Ga., June 5, 1858. p 7 wtf
FOR SALE.
I NOW offer for tale my entire River PLA'o '< ATION,
iW or 30 miles south'of Columbus, Ga.. in Barbour
oounty, Ala., lying on the Chatt.- hooi F e river, c ontain
ing 2400 aerftfl 1200 in n fine Kf:le i cultivate • rr.d
good repair. A good Water (Ha and Fe rry rr,-, >*;» the
Chattahoochee river. The above will be* for sale at any
until sold andpossession given. Term-t> .t f a;--
chasers ( jan-Jl if ) MATTHEW AVI Id TT.
TO MEN OF TASTE AND CAPITAL.
T'HE subscriber, wishing to remove t<» HoutlnveuU rn
Georgia, proposes 4o sell his place nearCJavo Spring,
d Vann * Valley, Floyd county, (ia , containing 317
acres, more or less, returned Ist quality oak and hickory
* mostly of soil and surface not to wash ; <uie UiO acres
elaared and under good tillage ; the remaiud. r .-•‘rally
well timbered. It has Bevoral springs of« . -.1 hi n> i,..
■tons wat<ir, two constant streams, an effective water
power without darning, orchards of many well selected
varieties, especially of apples, and a large aud conunodi
us Brick Dwelling, surronnded by flue scenery, and
within a mile of the village, long noted for its cite :-tfofial
advantages. All who have examined the prei con
cur in the opinion that this place combine s llio elonieuts
ofbuauty, fertility, convenience and healthful nos ■ to an
•tint seldom, if ever, equalled in this country. But
ootne and see for yourselves, and the ylmVa'eter, location
and resources of the place can hardly fail to satisfy you
that It Is a No. I article, not subjet t to the fluctuations
fthe market. For terms, apply on the premiss.
W. D COW DUE V.
Cave Bpring, July 10, 18.%. JylS-wtf
POWELTON MILLS FOR SALE.
AH the undersigned is desirous to mote to Southwes
tern Georgia, he now offers hi* MILLS and LAND
for sale The Mills are situated on the Ogeoclu e Kiver,
one and a half miles from Powelton, on the r* ad to Cuin
ning and Washington—the hack passingdaßv —has four
aets of runners, two wheat and two corn. The Flour
Mil has Just been completed anew. The com custom
win exceed that of any two mills on the riv. r, and the
wheat custom will equal any one The taou io is so situ
ated as to rornain in it and site tiie Saw and Grist Mills in
operation.
The Land lies in Hancock county, along the Ogeechee
river and Bowel's creek. The Laud contains 73l acres,
more or less, and will equal any land in the county in
producing corn, wheat, cotton or other grains. Those
wishiug to buy, will call and see for themselves. The
place is healthy aud has au excellent Well of water in
the yard , in fact, no plantation is better furnished w ilh
good Hpringfi of water. COLUMBUS F. SHIVERS.
rny*2B
Goods Forwarded Fiee of Charge !
AUGUSTA AND SAVANNAH RAILROAD.
ATTENTION is called to this Road as a means of
ooiuunmU-aliou with the Seaboard and thence with
Northern Ports. There are now four FIRST CLASS
STEAMSHIPS and Six Line-of Fast Bailing Vessels,
running with regularity and dispatch, between New-York
aud Savannah ; also a Steamship Line from I'hiladcl
- and Sail Lug Vessels from that put, Baltiuv aud
oston, makuig tho communication botweeu tiie North
ern cities aud Savannah as reliable for CERTAINTY
AND SPEED, as that to any other Southern Port.
This Road can expectouly the business of Augu.- fa,the
Towns and Counties along the line of the Georgia Kail
goad, and those Countieslyiugto the Nor S of that Road.
Other Roads have a larger field of operatic o i that cannot
be neglected merely to secure wo limited a trade as
that to which wo must alone give all our time; and
no competitor will be allowed, by upeilor attrition, to
' deprive us of It, for it l« our full determinate on to conduct
it with that fidelity, dispatch aud economy, which is sure
ultimately to gain and retain It
As regards Kates, they shall be as low a* by any ot! <*r
Rood and in order to reduce all charges t > n minimum
rate, contracts for Drayage have already been entered
luto at Savannah, and no one connected with tho Koceiv-
lag and Forwarding ban any other interest than that c*t
lowing that ALL CHARGES are at the lov, e-t n i-s.
Hr By Railroad a saving of one quarter on one per
ownt can be made in the latratanc ■ between Northern
Porta and Augunta.
All Goo<U FORWARDED FREE OF COMMIS
SIONS. They should be marked “In c/ireof the (.R. K.
Agent," Savannah
Published by order of the Board
FRANCIS T. WILLIS, President
July 1, 1855. jyet;
S4O REWARD.
T) AN AWAY from the subscriber on 4tb Negro
li Man named WASHINGTON, about 45 jvara old,
tivo feet eight or nine Inches high, weighing i.Vut l(is or
170 tbs. It is likely he will make* hU way to ‘Vi ue e,
as he runaway two years ago. and stayed in Mad*-tom ilia
Jail, Monroe county, Tennessee, about nine mo. .. - , and
would not tail who he belong ed to. He has lu company
with hln» a Negro Man belonging lo W. Sin.paoi,
named Felts, about 20 years old about fr t or 10
inohes high, weighs about 160 or 170 lt>s., both dark com
plected. They were last seen near Lexington. Ogle
thorpe oomntT: Ga . with sto go to Ohio. it they
are taken, Washington wull uot tell his owner if he can
help it We will nay the above reward to »uy person
vtbo will deliver them to us, or put them ui sou. safe
» \ll so that weoau get them ; or tweuty dollar.- t\»reiib
. hem WASHINGTON H BRANTLEY,
W W SIMVSON.
Oulvei P<wtofflce. Hancock county, Oa
rar» Kn •txville Register copy f. nr times and i ;n\i
account to offlee for imymeut. m : '\
I\V1 I,|. nav th *ah'*- e . J Uti f-r the r.pp • on and
lodgment in la.*' c - A J bc 7 HAivRY. Should he
be taken at a frt ' v * Augv. ; ta, nnd the p'r on
taking him choose to b» W hlm how. I will pay, in ad
dition to the SBS, ail the accessary expenses attending
his delivery Harry (Marti*) is a flrst-rate Brick layer and
plasterer about 36 years ot’age, Mack complexion, erect,
and weighs probably ICO pounds Hoi n > iug * 1 out t he
country worauig on his own account without any au
thority He doubtless has a frDe tic vet. He I'-s.ms a
wife at Mr. Greiner's near Banderavhie. and one : o at
Gov. Schley's Factory I have heard of his being in
Burke. Jeflerson and W'ashington ectmt and also over
n Carolina All persons are hereby cautioned against
employing said boy. or auy of my other mechanics, with
out permission from moor my A gem
JOHN H FIT IMN. Augusta, Oa.
4,577,000 FEET OF LUMBER.
THIS is to certify that the Atho -- Steam Company
built for us a CIRCULAR SAW MILL, ou whkh
we have sawed four million r: lit hundred and .\< •.
seven thousand feet of Lumber, board mea- tro. m L"
months, or about ten thousand feet per day. We really
sawed from eleven to twelve thousand feet per aay. lor
we suppose the Mill been standing, in the above
time, two mouths, Air vraut of logs and occasional re
pairs, Ac, Your improvements work due, aud we ad
vise their use on a your Mil is
Yours, respectfully. Wadi ft a ReffaKP.
77 Mile Post, C R ff , Feb y 12,1856
We think it unnecessary to add uertirieat* - Wo will
build the same CIRCULAR SAW MILLS. (Frames cast
tn one piece,) with improved Hsad Blocks and. Carriage
Geariug. to order ; together with Steam ENGINES aud
BOILERS, Finished SHAFTING, Mining and M
MACHINERY, PUMPS, Jfcc Iron and Bra- CAST
INGS, of every description . Wrought Iron W> . k FIN
ISHING and* REPAIRING promptly executed. We
warrant all our work. Our Flowing and other MILL
PATTERNS, with FENCING. BALCONY. FANCY
RAILING, Ac.,are the aocmuu’.n of years
▼or sale low, one Six Horse ENG INE . one Twelve
sacend-haud ENGINE
Add.'*#* REUBEN NICKERSON, Agent.
Athens Steam Company, Athens, Ga
oct3l-w's*n
S3O REWARD.
R ANA WAY’* frv'tn the subscriber, residing in Put
asm county. BW Merrill, m August last, my Negro
Man FRANK- *He is About years old. flve :e.*t ten ia
ehes high, of medium sixe. has a alight impediment in his
speech, and has lost the sight of one eye He was raised
lu Virginia and has been in Georg, about two years.
The above reward will be paid for his delivery to me.
or to any Jail so that I can gel him.
ja22-wtf JOHN A. HARRIS.
The Southern Recorder wiii publish tilt forbid, aud for
ward account to this office for payment
** ?20~REWARD~
I WILL, pay the above re w aril tor the apprehension
aud delivery to me, or the lodgement la any safe jail
In Georgia or South Carolina so that I car. get n:m. of a
Negro Man named WILLIAM He is a Shoe and Boot
Maker ; is crippled in his right leg; is about 5 fee: 4or 6
Inches high . stammers In talking ; of dark complexion;
ean read and write, and may have a pass cf his own
writing HU father live# in Ora gsburg. and Ui*mother
at Shell Biu J I purchased bun fro in Green A HoMsoui
back JOHN F. SUTTON.
aalgwtf Ray grille, Ga.
AU3IJSTA WCHSS, AUGUSTA, OA :
l NDERHI (iNED. lirx.- f-urefcased l!.e es-
A SHOPS. POCKDRV and CAR
SHOP, with ah the machinery attached to the sxu-e, here
gofore be*.oaging to the Company known as the “Augusta
Machine Works, are n-w prepared : execute <.•: dors
lorCASTrXGS. MILL GEARING. GIN GEARING,
MINING MACHINERY, STEAM ENGINES and
BOILERS. SAW MILLS, complete ; SHAFTING and
FULLEYB. RAILROAD CARS and IRONS. STEAM
BOAT MACHINERY, and every deacripti n of w rk
usually made In Ant-class Machine Shops, of Iron. Br
•r Wood. Orders for work, not specially ooatracted for,
must be accompanied with cash deposit of 50 j-er cent,
on the supposed value of the work ordered, and tlu re
mainder paid on delivery of the work Address all let
ters on business to L. HOPKINS A CO.
PROPRIETORS:
HEXRT H CCMMINO, j GEO W SUNUE&I.
W M D'Ajjtiojuc, I Robert Y Harris,
sep3o-dAwhni Lam-fth Hopein•*
NOTICE.
T’HE SUBSCRIBER offers to **ll, rent or lea-..
the well known LOUISVILLE HOTEL, in Loois
▼file, Ga The Hotel car. be had the lirst day of .Jan
uary, 1857, either by purchase, rent or lease, upon very
liberal terms. Apply to
ocUO-at E. R CARSWELL LonUvUie, Ga.
PRACTICE OF SURGERY.
DR. JOUAH HAIvtCISS is prepared to accom
zcodatt with Lodgings and Nursing, such patients as
may be directed to him for Burgical operations or treat
ment. Masters may be assured that their Servant* will
»v* every necessary astentsun. my7-wly
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
vQnmide &- Sentinel.
Mr. Krookw’ Hpeeeb.
Extracts From a speech delivered in the
House of Representatives, December 17, 185 b, by
the lion. Prkstoii 8. Brook*, of South Carolina,
published in the Washington Union, of December
27,1856.
The admission of Kansas into Hue Uniyn as a
Slate.
Mr. Speaker : I have waited until mv friend
rom Indiana [Mr. English] had finished his speech
to reply to hi* question, whether or not he was cor
re<v 111 stating that southern democrats would vote
lor the adflo.riiou of Kansas as a free State, if that
u- iH the clearly ascertained wish of a majority of
!,cr people, a- would the northern democrats toad
■n,t her a a slave State, should that be the wiii of
tm- majority I did not interrupt rnv friend while
:.e > npeaking because jl break* the thread of
or.e a remark- introducing irrelevant issoss, and
qu/.iidem the time of the of*ppant ofthe floor
1 here w/iH a twit admission of the correctness of
inn pts.tion. His subsequent remark*, however.
c; i; 4 e to doubt he tin rI, for one,co-*ki respond
affirmatively to his interpretation of the Kansas
a:id Nebraska act and to his proposition exactly ae
■ e .1 r/i ited it. My position, and the porilion of
the South generally, as I understand it, is that
whenevdr it shall be legally ascertained that the
lYnitory of Kansas (or any other Territory of the
United State*; has a population of nincty'-tFiree
thousand lour hundred raid twenty, 01 whatever
:r;ay be the number which at the time will eutitle a
State to a representation on this floor, it is then iu a,
condition to form a State constitution : and that the**
will of a majority of the act ual r express
ed in that constitution, .-hall obtain, and the Terri
tory be admitted into the Union as a State, without
reference to any constitutional provision it may
contain in rofrai>l to negro slavery. This I now un
derstand to h the proposition of my friend. We
ii‘ ■- • oncurtho- far, and I announce a!M:wtly that,
should the people of Kansas comply with’the term*
of lie Kansas Nebraska act as 1 understand it, and
apply for admission a* a free State, they will en
counte; no ob- acle in my vote.
S'/a alter ftorerei mUy Repudiated.
Hut my riend went on to say that, in his opinion,
a 1 ♦•rritori.«l legislature hud the power to p.'iss laws
prohibiting tb<- introduction of slaves. If it ha* that
power, why may not the legislature also manumit
such .-la\ . h as chance to be in the Territory? I
would /*-k the gentleman fntm Indiana what amount
of population is requisite for a territorial govern
ment No Mpeeified number is required. Then.
a< * »rdii.g to the -entlernan s doctrini . a territorial
lei .d&tiii'e, repr< renting ten thousand people, may
pa a law forever prohibiting slavery. Il teu thou
sand may make such a law, why may not five thou
sand f If five thousand, why may not five hundred?
Why not fifty? Why not ten? Anri with such a
doctrine prevailing, what security have las a
S outhern man, in emigrating to any Territory with
mv slaves? I dissent in loto from any such doc
trine. f not only repudiate the doctrine of my
fri rd from Indiana, but I also repudiate another
whiclThar' been licre taught, and which is, virtu
ally, that woof the South are to be excluded from a
Territory until the judgment of the Supreme Court
id rendered in regard to the effect upon our pe
cujiar proper! j of laws passed by a territorial legis
lflt Ule.
The Kansas-Nebraska Act.
1 do not claim that the constitution carries slavery
into a Territory; hut I do claim that, as a citizen,
1 have the right to take my property into any Terri
tory of the Uni cd .States, and that the constitution
which protects me also protects my property. If,
in the exercise of my rights as a citizen, my right of
property should be questioned, 1 will appeal to the
legal tribunal of the country and abide their deci
sion , but I will not he the Inst to distrust my con
st Rational right*, aud wil{ content myself with de
fending them when assailed. We are the sworn
aw makers oi the land, and are presumed lo be jus
regard ul of our constitutional obligations as are the
.!u ;:cb oi the Supreme Rcn< h. It isbuta sorry
commentary upon ft law inode by a majority, when
that majority dhugree as to ils legal effect. It. is
raid that, there are many roads to heaven, and that
gentle-on were led to the support of tiie Kansas -
Nebraska bill by us many different roads. There is
nut one heaven, and but one sound, constitutional,
and national principle in the Nebraska act ; and the
sc uer we all agree to stand upon that principle,
and approach it by the same road, the better will i
be for flu. democratic party.
n r t ikurtKof /It* Democrat'ic Party in certain
Points.
Mr. Speaker, the discussion which has occurred
upon the President’s message, particularly that por
tion of it which relates to matters in Kansas was
not unexpected by me. It was expected because
of the deep hostility which I knew to exist, at the
South, as well as at the North, towards the Presi
dent and the Democratic party. To be frank, I ex
pected it because of our weakness in certain points,
which exposed as to attack, and even invited it.
I have said that the party with which I affiliate
had been sagaciously assailed by each of the other
parties, which, in their co-operation against the De
mocracy, paradoxically illustrate the affinity of ha
tred. Nor have their efforts been altogether unsuc
cessful; and I call upon the honn fide Democrats of
our whole country instantly to close up their ranks,
stand elbow to elbow, aud fortify the point of weak
ness with a double column, or we will be irretrieva
bly divided and vanquished.
Rejection of President Pierre by ike Cincinnati
Convention.
Mr friend from the mountain district in South
Carolina (Mr. Orr) aud myself alone of our delega
tion, advocated the representation of our State in
the Democratic Convention at Cincinnati; and the
people of our State, not because of our influence,
but of their own free will and generous nature,
which never fails to respond to uc-s of justice or
magnanimity, met our Democratic friends in com
mon council for the common good. We were there
to,organize for a great po’itical contest—the most
momentous that this country ever yet has witness
ed. Our leaders have been gallant, vigilaut, suc
cessful. They were entitled by every right to the
glor'u s of the victory which had been won, since up
on them rested the responsibilities of the measures
passed, ami whatever of odium might to them at
tach. Anti slavery prejudice aud uuU-slavery ha
tred had been specially directed towards the Presi
dent, who had approved, and towards the illustrious
Senator who hail matured, the Kansas-Nebraska
bill. They had been identified with toe principles
of the bill, and in sustaining them, we but sustained
i:. principles . and, in reje ting them, we seeming
ly declined the nuked issue which the Kansas-Ne
bim-au bill presented. 1 confess that when I saw
the distinguished leaders to whom I have referred—
able -t .TvMnen, and each n resident of a free State
put aside, and another leader chosen, who had no
place in the picture of the fight, my faith in North
ern Democracy was again shaken. I reasoned with
myself in this way : it Northern Democracy is so
tender footed upon the Kansas-Nebraska bil as to
reject Northern men, even a New Englander, be
came of their too intimate connection with it, wli&t
security*have we of the South that our construction
of the net will obtain in the policy of the govern
in' nt , or what security have we against a construc
tion which had been suggested, and upon which the
Senate had been congratulated, and which, iu my
judgment, i ns fatal to our interests as tlie positive
cnactim nt which had been repealed? If nori-con
nection with tho bill and absenteeism is necessary
to gild the pill how do I know but that it may be re
je< ted when its essential components are ascertain
ed I
Bul A and Breck tnd Dree Kansas.
Mi Speaker, enough has transpired to show that
my apprehension:* were not altogether without
foundation. T!: assertion Ims here frequently
been made and uncontindicted, that at many
of the Democratic meetings in the North the
people were rallied under banners upon which
was inscribed—" lluchauau, Hreckim idge aud
Free Kansas.' Have not large placards been
here exhibited with these words in large letters
upon them, aud the word free iu italics?—
\\ are to id by our Democratic friends on the
ii.hu, that nothing more was meant than the
people of Kansas should be free to decide upon the
subject of slax try for themselves. What was meant
is iiol the question. How were the words iindm*
*o id by tiie masses ' What was their effect upon
the voters ? That is the question ; and if .the Pre
sidential election was carried upon false pretences,
what came of triumph have we ? My friend from
Indiana t Mr English) has frankly avowed his pre
ference thai Kansas should be a free State, though
he s willing to admit her with a constitution re
coguising slavery. To this position Ido not object.
We of the South would prefer that she should fie a
slave Slate, yet we hold ourselves prepared to vote
for her admission even with a constitution rejecting
slavery, if that is the clearly ascertained will of a
minority of her citizens.
Hut iu sections where the squatter-sovereignty
feature of the bill is maintained, it is uot presumable
that the uniform and continued expression of tliis
prt terence at meetings where banners were dying
with “ Buchanan, Breckinridge and Free Kansas,*
might delude the voters into the belief that, after
all tlu Kar -Nebraska act was the best fretsoil
measure ever passed / * This may be said to be
but an inference ; but when it is coupled with the
fact that many Northern Democrats have admitted
shat, in thee\\ at of Kansas becoming a slave State
i Ley will go by the board, it strikes me mor* as a
logical deduction.
Dili* -i <it Democratic Constructions of the Kansas-
Sebraska Act.
That ihe gravest differences of opinion in regard
to the true construction of the Kansas-Nebraska act
are entertained by Northern and Southern Demo
crats. and by each among themselves, is beyond
doubt, and this difference is the siioal which is
’’ • • .mi:us wit!: wreck. The Senator from
Peunsyh auir.. (Mr. Bigler] when interrogated as to
the power of a territorial legislature to exclude sla
very, tcplied:
• 1 am of opinion that the people through their lo
cal legislature have that power. I arrive at this
conclusion, because 1 can see but two sources of
law-making power for a Territory'—the one, Con
gress , and the other,the people. * I hold that,when
Congress lias conferred upou the people of a Ter
ri tor \ all the Aw uiakiug power which it possesses
uuder the constitution, the power is complete in the
people, equal to the question of domestic slavery or
nnv other subject . but this is a legal question, aud
I, for one. sho’ Jd be gratified to see it decided.”
Tuis seems to lie the same ground as that occu
pied by my friend from Indiana. [Mr. English] as I
know it to be that on which many other gentlemen
from free States stand.
Squatter Sovereigntsi*m of ttu Hon . George IF.
Jones, of Tennessee.
In this position they are sustained by distinguish
ed Southern gentlemen. In the speech of my friend
fromTeeneesee Mr. Jones] I fiud this paragraph,
which he wiii pardon me for saying is crammed foil
with her political heresies :
“ But I undent and that even these who cry
• Sii aattei sovereignty/throughout the South, anci
who most signally failed in the last canvas? under
that cry, admit that the people of & Territory have
a right’ when they come to form a State constitu
tion, to determine whether they will have slavery
Os not. Am I correct in that position aud under
standing what they bold to be the correct doctrine
upon this subject ? If so, there may not be more
than twelve hours difference of ime between them
and myself. I say they can do it to-day ; and they
my that the same men can do it to-morrow by
framing a Stateconstitation. Then theiei* between
i,s but one night's difference in time, and perhaps
butor.e hour, it is the manner of doing it, and not
the thing dona which seems to in controversy,
even iu the Democratic party. Now. t seems to
me that this should be no cause of dissatisfaction
v ;th the Democrat!- party, nor should it be any ob
jection to the democratic party. Our portions arc
clear. and I think well understood —as much so, at
least, as those of the party to which you, Mr. Speak
er. belong."
Hut one night’s difference ?” “Perhaps bnt one
hour;” Why, sir. the difference is just as great
between a Territory and a State as between a child
and a man Each has their respective rights, to be
sure, but they are of a totally different character.
The gentleman would seem, too, to intimate that a
statute of a legislature wae of equal solemnity with
an article of a constitution. See where his doctrines
would lead us. A Territory is added to our domain;
some ten thousand people, coming from different
Slates, where dificrent institutions prevail, settle
upon it. They require law for the regulation of
their society, and a territorial government is given
them. For what ? _To protect them from anarchv
during tneix terr.toria. condition. The people of the
States have an equal right with themaefves to enter
upou the territory, and are protected in their per
•one and property by ti* constitution of the United
States, whiah recogmsgf property in slaves aud yet
nvjr friend from Tennessee would permit a majority
of this ten thousand tit may be one thousand; to ex
clude, by a territorial law. every slave-owner from
the South, or impose a condition of admittance con
trary to Lis tastes, habit*, interest*, and the spirit of
the constitution.
Squatter Sovcrngidy as jatad to the South as the
Y\ umot Proviso — Suicide in the South to t rink
at it.
I have alluded, sir, to these differences of opinion
and construction which exist between democrats as
elements of weakness in the party organization. No
good can result from comwaling them, or harm from
alluding to them, she differences are notorious 7 4
arid it is the part of wisdom and of patriotism to re
couciie them at once, and for us all to occupy a com
mon ground, which may be clearly dehned and
clearly understood both at the North'and the South.
If the advocates of squatter sovereignty persist in
their construction of the Kansas-Nebraska act, they
will inevitably drive off many of us from the South,
who desire to act in concert with them. Can they
do without us / No. Nor can we do without them,
and retain any party strength. We believe that
squatter sovereignty is a* fatal to us as the Wilmot
Proviso • and so believing, it would be suicide to
- wink at it
Frows the Singapore Times, October JB.
Important News from Chinn—Threatened War
Between England nnd C'lifmi.
Bv the Shanghae and Malta, we have advices from
Hoiig Kong to the Isih in*t., and by the Fiery Cross
and Ligliining we liave letters to the ISth. The lat
ter two steamers bring us most important news,
namely, the probability of a rupture between the
Bri:i-h and Chinese governments, and the threaten
ed b "ckacie of Canton. The following particulars
reacued us in lime for despatch by the mail steamer
to Europe. I* appears that the Canton Mandariana
seized a vessel—a lon ha—under English colors,
and cut off’ the heads of the crew. An explanation
wo* promptly demanded, but no reply was made to
the C usul’*communication, whereupon a Manda
rine innx wa m i/.ed by Commodore Elliott, of 11.
M. S. Svbile, and sent into Hong Kong, with the
view of forcing an immediate reply. .Such was the
bed look-out kept that the Mandanan junk managed
to escape during the night so ty eight hours had
been given to enable the Chinese authorities to re
ply the Consul's reasonable demand ; failing a
satisfactory reply, a blockade of Canton was ex
pected Every preparation was being made for ac
tive mi-HHures . the Admiral, acting under instruc
tions from Her Majesty's Plenipotentiary, was pre
paring to make u demonstration. 11. M s steamer
Samson, with the Encounter in tow, left Iloug Kong
at 1 I*. M. on the 18th, for Whampoa, accompanied,
our informant says, by a large force of marines and
small arms and men from the fleet
Fortunately, Admiral Sir Michael Seymour is at
Ilong Kung, aud if 11. E. show* the same determi
nation h‘ recently evinced at Japan, we think it
probable that a “reckoning” will be made with the
Celestial;-—at least, we hope, all old scores will be
adjusted. We trust that Governor Sir John How
ring will not allow the opportunity to pass of de
manding free admittance into the city of Canton,
agreeably to the treaty stipulation, for until that
step is taken we can scarcely look for a settled state
of political, social or commercial relations.
According to the latest received intelligence from
the northward, the insurgent parries were directing
their strength and energies aguinst each other, and
one of the rebel kings is said to have slaughter
ed the other, causing the utmost consternation in
both the rebel camps.
Fr.om the Friend of China, October 10.
PRESIDENT PIERCE’S MESSAGE TO THE EMPEROR OF
CHINA.
By the British steamer Rem, Capt. Laen, which
arrived yesterday, we have Shanghae newspapers
to the 20th ult. The political news in them may be
partially summarized as follows : When his Excel
lency, Dr. Parker, was at Funchow Fuin July last,
he handed the Viceroy a despatch from the Presi
dent of the United States lor transmission to the
Emperor Yrihchow (Hieniung ) This medium was
perfectly in accordance with the 31st article of the
American tre ty with China, which runs :
Communications from the government of the Uni
ted States to the Court of China shall be transmitted
through Iho medium of the Imperial Commissioner
charged with the siq.erintei deuce of the concerns
of foreign nations with China, or through the Go
vernor General of the Liang lvwang, that of Min
and Cheb, or that of Li an Kwang.
The communication appears to have been sent to
Peking in due course, but the pleasure of openidg
it was declined by Ids Majesty, who has no relish for
converse with outside barbarians, and has been re
turned. Os course, after similar rejection of a let
ter from the Queen of England, Mr. Pierce cannot
consider himself particularly hard used, and will
wait patiently the time when the eagle and the lion
can make common cause, and take atonement for
the many insults passed on them by the dragon.
The Overland Friend of China, October 13,
says :
There are rumors that Alexander has tendered his
brother Emperor, Heinfung, the use of the Russian
troops now about the Amoor, to aid in suppressing
therampant rebellion, and that, for such service there
is to be u large cession of territory. It is possible
there may be truth in the story, but we do not think
it probable Russia would send her Cossacks very
far into the interior of China.
The Next Transit of Venus.— Our friend, Mr.
Hallowed, excellent authority on the subject, cor
rects, through the Alexandria Gazette, a statement
which has appeared in that and some other journals
respecting the next transit of the planet Venusover
the Sun s disc, lie says :
“The next transit of this beautiful body over the
disc of the sun will occur, not ‘in JBGI ,* but in 1874,
it being the far less important transit of Mercury
that will occur in I SGI. Neither of these planets is
of sufficient size to produce, in its transit, any per
ceptible diminution of the buu’s light, and of conse
quence cannot in its occurrence, by the remotest
possibility, ‘make artificial light necessary in houses
and, further, neither the transits of Venus nor those
of Mercury oecui just ‘once in a century,’ as we
would infer from the article alluded to, for the.last
transit of Mercury took place in 1848, and the next
will be in 18(31, alter which they follow thus : 1868,
1578,1881,1891,1894, &c.; and the last transit of
Venus occurred, in I7G‘J, leaving an interval of one
hundred and live years before the next in 1874 ;
then eight years ouljs will elapse before another*;
then one hundred and twenty-two years, &c., thus
1767, 1874, 18*2, “001, 2012, &c.
“Venus is at present beautifully conspicuous ear
ly in the evening in the southwestern quarter of the
heavens, and doubtless most of our readers ob
served a few nights since the conjunction of this
planet with the moon and a bright star in the con
stellation Caprtcornns, forming as they did a shin
ing trio.’’— Nat. Intel.
Scientific Phenomena.— During a recent lec
ture delivered by Professor Faraday, at the Royal
Institution of Science, a piece of pure iron, pecu
liarly prepared, eo that its particles might present a
large surface to the art ion of the oxygen ui the at
mosphere, was ignited and continued to burn like
tinder. The ready combustion of iron, compared
with gunpowder, was shown by a very sample ex
periment. Some iron filings and gunpowder were
mixed together and sprinkled into the flame of
spirits of wine burning on a plate, when the iron
filings caught fire and burnt in bright sparks, whilst
tho gunpowde passed through the flame without ig
niting; and the quantity that fell on the plate was
afterwards dried and exploded. Lead prepared iu
a similar way was shown to be still more inflamma
ble, for it caught fire in a beautiful flame when ex
posed to the air. The Professor stated that lead
was nearly ns inflammable as phosphorus, and he
explained the cause of its not burning in ordinary
circumstances to be that the solid product of com
bustion forms a Him that prevents contact with the
oxygen, and ihe conducting power of the other parts
of the metal draws off and dissipate the heat. He
pointed out the admirable arrangements by which
these combustible properties of the metals are kept
iu proper control, aud bodies that are really so in
flammable are made to serve as strong registers of
combustion.
Remahkahle Position ok the Planets.— At
the present time, aud until the end of January, all
the old planets and the two of importance discover
ed within 75 and 16 years will be visible soon after
sunset, and five of them west of the meridian apo
sition worthy of notice, as it may not again occur
for years.
M ercury, iu consequence of its proximity to the
Sun, is usually invisible, so that many persons have
never seen it. There will be a favorable opportu
nity for viewing it in this month, especially from
about the 7th to the :20th. as it will not only be at its
greatest eastern enlongation on the 15th, but its
south declination will be much lees than that of the
sun, so that on the Uth it will not set in the W. S.
W., until an hour and a half-later. It will appear
as a reddish star of the first magnitude. After
the 20th it rapidly returns to the sun, aud soon dis
appears.
Venus, although already very brilliant, will con
tinue to become more so until about April Ist.
Its eastern elongation takes place on
February 27 th, and inferior conjunction on May
yth. So that for four months our eveuing west
eiii sky is to be ornamented by this beautiful pla
net.
Mars, will be in conjunction early in June, it is
therefore, in that part of its orbit most remote from
the earth, and shines with a faint reddish light. It
is now a very little west of Venus, in the W. S. W.,
but the distance is rapidly increasing.
Jltmtbk, "the great disturber of the system/’
goes down exactly in the west; although also ap
proaching its conjunction, (April 11th,) and there
lore the more distant part of its orbit, its light is not
apparently less than when iu opposition iu Septem
ber.—Boston Traveller. *
Message or thxGovernor ok Missouri.—Gov.
I tree, of Mo., in lus annual message represents the
finances of the State as in a prosperous condition,
and urges that, in order to maintain the position,
(hero'Should be no reduction iu the present rate of
taxation. A large portion of the message is devoted
to the subject of banks and currency, and the Gov
ernor recommends that in case the proposed amend
ment to the State Constitution, authorizing the re
atiou of a general banking system, should fail to be
come a part of the organic laiv. the Legislature
should extend the charter of the Bank of Missouri for
such period as it ma v deem prudent, and increase
its capita! to the full amount authorized by the con
stitution.
The State Geological purvey is progressing rap
idly aud lavorably. The State University, State
Prison. Peafand Dumb Asylum. &c., are said to
be in good condition. The" message recommends
that the salary of the Governor be increased from
id,WX) t 053,000 per annum, and also recommends
increased pay to other servants of the State at Jef
ferson City. The construction of the Pacific I;ab
road is also advocated, as calculated to draw more
closely together the bonds of the Union.
Marriages in Boston is ISofi.—During the year
ISoo the Registrar of Boston, M:\Appokuno. hi is
sued uartifieates of intentions of marriage to 3,013
parties. In lhoo 3,061 intentions were issued. De
crease in 1350 (leap year) 44. Tae oldest person
married was 7i It was his fenirth marriage, his in
tended being 30. A lawyer of Concord, X H .67
years of age, obtained his certificate of his intention
to make second marriage, and several other bride
grooms were ov c r 60. The youngest female married
was under 13, and another was about 15. There
was a considerable number of third marriages. In
aunmberof cases the age of tie bridegroom was
double that of tlie bride There were also some
lour or five marriages of colored men with white
women but uot a case of the niaiiiage of a white
male with a colored female.
The Xecessitv or Kecreatiok— A sensible
writer says: “Games, gayities, spec ts, spectacle*,
there will be, as long as men have limbs, eyes, or
ears. The development is as natural bme as it is
in the alls, lou might as well talk of extripating
music and paintings as of driving the common
amusements out of the world. Now. there are abuses
of these things. Wbat are we to say of the abuses?
'Let them cnish down and destroy the things them
selves.’ do We >ay ’ But thev cannot. Then let
them be cut off. There is really nothing else to be
done. Kievatot refine, purify tie public amuse
ments. Let religion recognize and restrain them.—
Let it cot. as is too common, drive them to license
and extravagance but let it throw aiound them its
geutie bond, to make them pure, cheerful, beakk
t'ul—helpful to the great ends of liie. Wh-.t a
blessed thing for the world were it, if its amuse
ments could thus be rescued, redeemed and brought
into tile service of its virtue and piety!
LAXiaTAßLEisi'icipE.—We learn wita deep te
gret that Mr. Tkomaf Curry, an old and respected
citizen of Columbus, commuted suicide early yes
terday morning. The verdict, we understand, of
the Coroner’s iixjueet. was that he came to his death
by taking arsenic. The deceased was a native of
England, but for many years past a resident of Au
gusta aud this city— Columix. Sun, 7 th tutt
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY* MORNING, JANUARY 14, 18.77
Lurepean New?—By the Niagara.
The mails of the Niagara &:ri>cd irmn llo*>on on
Saturday evening. W e make some inteneatmg ex
tracts from our files •
The Swiss Question. —The Prussian note of tie
Bth indtimt, accompanied bv another document in
which Prussia anuuuuces tag active cooperation of
the States of Germany in dispute wit!; Switimrifmd,
has been submitted to the German Diet. The con
tents of the note has not yet been transpired.—
Preparations for the march of two Prussian army
corps to the Swiss frontier are going on. These ar
my corps will consist of over 72 WO men.
The aessiona of the Great Councils iu two of the
Swio* cantons, Berne aadXhurgan, have comment
ed. In both the Presidents made use of the most
uncompromising language concerning the dispute
with Prussia. In Berne, Colonel Turk deckvred that
Switzerland Wviuiu not shrink from sacrificing all
her grown up men, r ither than yield 10 unjilst de
mands. In Thurgan. Kappeler delivered himself of
the following sentence r
•*The hour of trial will soon be here. Bat we
know* that the national honor and independence are
in the hands of an authority which merits our full
and entire confidence-. \Vc can reckon on the'Fed
eral Government as they can reckon on us. Do not
let us be airaid, but neither let us neglect to be
watchful May oar country, wheu the moment ar
rives, and her sons, without distinction of psrtv, te
ready to make the greatest sacrifice to her welfare
without blaster,’*
The London Times counsels Prussia togive w ay,
and says:
“If Prussia, Switzerland and. France will refer to
any American authority, they will be informed that
we’ have made a rule to give up everything iu that
part of the world, when it was only a name on our
side, but a substance on the side of the United
States. Y"es, we say it emphatically, we have, dur
ing the last twenty years, given up a dozen Neuf
chatel sovereignties or protectorates to the repub
licans of the New World. We snun the responsi
bility of disturbing the peace of the world for au
empty title. May not Prussia do the same 7 '
A letter from Cobleutz states that in the Prussian
arsenals on the Rhine supplies of ammunition arc
being actively prepared.
It is stated in a letter from Frankfort that the
Prussian envoy has formally communicated to. the
German Diet that there remains no other means for
his government to re-establish its authority than a
resort to its own amis, which are declared to he suf
ficient. It does appear, therefore, that Prussia
contemplates asking the Diet for the armed inter
vention and aid of the contingents of the German
confederates.
The Daily News says : “It will be advisable for
Lord Palmerston to embrace the earliestopportuni
ty that presents iteglf to proclaim, in the me si une
quivocal language, the determination of the English
court and cabinet to resist such a gross violation oi
the international laws of Europe as i\ threatened bv
the King of Prussia with the promised cOnuivauce o't'
the Emperor of the French.”
Berlin, Dec. 16.—Nothing is talked of but the
preparations going on and the orders given to put a
large part of the* a Alky on a war footing, iu order to
move towards Switzerland. At the war office the
needful instructions are ready to be scut off at a
moment’s notice. Considerably more than the two
army corps at first intended will be mobilised lbr
immediate service.
It is understood that Switzerland will eventually
be made to pay for the expense caused by the dem
onstration or whichever it proves.—
Prussia has already applied to the different States
for permission to march through their territory. It
is said that the subject will be officially brought be
tore the German diet, in order to obtain the formal
sanction of that assembly.
The Persian Trouble.— The Constantinople
correspondent of the Times, writing on the Bth says :
“The information r.ceived by the Persian Ambas
sador about the taking of Herat has since been con
firmed from other sources. The town surrendered
for want of provisions. All the details of the sur
render are from Persian sources, and according to
these everything passed in the most perfect order,
aud no excesses oi any kind were committed.'’
The meeting at Newcastle upon the Tyne to pro
test against the war between England and Persia
w r as attended by a thousand persons, principally of
the working classes. The speaker denied the powar
of the Indian Board to declare war. One speaker
remarked that:
“A new treaty had been entered into between
Persia and the United States, which treaty contain
ed three clause.-, the first of which was, that the
United States being a maritime region, and Persia
not being one, the United States bound themselves
to support Persia against any maritime attacks
whatever. So that a war with Persia involved a
war with the United Slates.”
It was agreed to by the meeting that a memorial
be addressed to the Crown setting forth the factß of
the case, stating the usurpation practised upon the
prerogative of Her Majesty, and conveying a sense
of the deep abhorrence of certain of her subjects, as
sembled in public meeting, alike at the crime con
templated and the means of its consummation, and
imploring her Majesty to stay these lawless proceed
ings, to dismiss from her service the guilty framers
of them, aud to revert to those lavvs and institutions
according to which she is by her oath bound to go
vern—by governing herself aud summoning to her
aid her trusty councillors. That in the hopelessness
of entire prevention or redress, it is requisite to ap
peal to the laws against the subordinate agents exe
cuting lawless orders, and this meeting pledges it
self, in case the expedition against Persia be perse
vered in, to bring to trial for their lives, before the
Central Criminal Court, certain of the officers and
soldiers engaged therein.
England. —A patent has been issued granting
full pardon to aud *'‘exonerating from all pains, pe
nalties and forfeitures,” Messrs. Smith O’Brien,
John Martin Kevin Izod O’Doherty, and fifteen
others who participated in the Irish insurrectiona
ry movement of IS 18. It will be remembered
that this was reported to have been done some time
ago.
Another fraud had been discovered in London,
Charles Gueino Manini, deputy assistant registrar,
and John Paul, assistant clerk of the city of London
Union, have absconded, after appropriating the
funds of the Union to the amount of about -10,01)0. —
Paul acted as banker for many trades' people, who,
it is feared, will suffer.
The London Times says that a kind of passive re
sistance to the payment of the income tax has, it
seems, been intimated in the town of Drogheda, Ire
land, and, as such movements are rather racy on
Irish soil, there is no knowing to what lengths it may
extend in the course of time.
France.— -A harsh and threatening tone adopted
toward Switzerland by the French official organ, in
denouncing her “obstinacy” has led to some reiharks
to the effect that Louis Napoleon ought to be the
last man in the world to complain of the manifesta
tion of that quality by the Swiss, sine* they never
exhibited it more strongly than when informer times
he, as a refugee, re quired its exercise for his own
protection.
The New Postage Law. —The following is the
itCW law passed by Congress, rendering compul
sory the prepayment of the postage on all trans
sient printed matter. The provisions in reference
to the transmission of circulars will be ol interest;
“1. Hooks, not weighing over eight pounds, may
be sent in the mail, prepaid by postage stamps at
one cent an ounce, any distance in the United
States under three thousand miles, and at two cents
an ounce over three thousand miles, provided they
are put up without a cove" or wrapper, or with a
cover or wrapper open at the ends or sides, so that
their character may be determined without remov
ing tiie wrapper.
“2. Unsealed circulars, advertisements, business
cards, transient newspapers, and every other arti
cle of transient printed matter, (except books,) not
weighing over three ounces, sent in the mail to any
part of the United States, are chargeable with one
cent postage each, to be prepaid by postage stamps.
Where more than one circular is printed on a sheet,
or a circular aud letter, each must be charged with
a single rate. This applies to lottery aud other kin
dred sheets assuming the form and name of news
papers i aud the miscellaneous matter in such sheets
must also be charged with one rate. A business
card on an unsealed envelope of a circular subjects
tbe entire packet to letteu postage. Any transient
matter, like a circular or handbill, enclosed in or
with a periodical or newspaper sent to a subscriber,
or to any other person, subjects the whole package
to letter postage; aud whenever subject to letter
postage, from Deing sealed or from any cause what
ever, ail printed matter, without exception, must
be prepaid, or excluded from the mail. It is the
duty of the post-master at the mailing office, as
well as at the office of delivery, carefully to exam
ine all printed matter, in order to see that it is char
ged with a proper rate of postage, and to detect
fraud. At offices where postage stamps cannnot fie
procured, post-masters are authorized to receive
money in pre payment of postage on transient mut
ter : but they should be careful to keep a supply of
stamps on hand
Awful Suffering in Milwaukee.— The Mil
waukee, Wisconsin, of Friday last, makes a strong
appeal to the benevolent of that city to
look after the poor and needy, and relates the follow
ing awful fact:
This appeal has been prompted by the fact that a
Mrs. Sullivan was literally frozen to death last
Wednesday morning, in Van Buren steet, between
Huron and Michigan. Her husband was at work
on the Milwaukee and Mississippi railroad beyond
Madison. She got out of wood on Tuesday, and
went to a city constable, so we learn, and asked him
to let her have some wood until her husband return
ed home. He, in the meanness of his pent up heart,
told her to go to the poor-house. She was expecting
her husband home soon, and probably thought .>he
could weather it out; but it was a bitter cold tight,
and Wednesday morning her released spirit had
winged iis way from sorrow here to another, and,
we hope, a better world. She was found dead on
the floor with her children crying about hex.
We are assured that a woman named Mrs. Coin,
who had just been confined, died from want of care
on the l?th inst She also had four or five childem
who were found crying about her.
More “ Insanity”—Extensive Forgeries in
Missouri ur a Public Man.— The community of.
Jefferson City was much excited yesterday by the
arrest of E. C. Davis, of St. Joseph, charged with
the commission of along series of forgeries on the
different persona and Banking Houses in St. Joseph.
Davis, you will recollect as the Superintendent of
Public Schools of this State, elected two years ago,
and at the late election he was again a candidate for
that office on the Know Nothing ticket. Up to a
very late period, and even until the discovery of his
criminal acts, he bore a fair character at home and
throughout th * State. The discovery wa« fir?t made
last Wednesday, and I am advised that the forgeries
amount to from ten to twelve thousand dollars, and
more may be discovered.
The forged paper was signed by E. C. Davis, and
endorsed ov various parties. Os this paper, A.
Beatty holds $2,000 to 3.000: J. Corby *1 .32 ': St.
Joseph Insurance Company $600: Farmers & Me
chanics Savings Institution S2OO : Tootle Farley
$350: Carter $600: Dr. Robinson S4OO r T)r. Cham
bers S2OO ; Dr. Fu kereon $400; E. O. Hays $330
Mr. Owens $2lO, Mr. Breckinridge $60(1 to $800:
Hughes & Woodson $1,200"; Washington Jones
$3lO.
It i 3 supposed that these crimes have been going
on for twelve to eighteen mouths , that as the notes
matured he took them up and offered others, whioh
were discounted by the various institutions and in
dividuals. As a general thing', the iujffaattefrof the
signatures of the endorsers wai very good, an 1 one
oi them heeit&rea long before he pronounced his
name a forgery. What has become of the money is
a mystery, fte has not been extravagant nr dissi
pated. It is supposed that a good deal of it went
in the canvass last summer.
Davis was taken from this city on his way to St.
Joseph this morning in custodv of the Sheriff of
Buchanan county The school funds an safe.— Mo.
Republican. Jan. 1.
Ofknjlnu Business with Good Prospects.-
We notice by an advertisement in one of our
Montgomery exchanges, that an enterprising indi
vidual has located himself in that town, and offers
his services to the public as a "rogue catcher." He
pledges himself to catch thieves in any part of the
United Slates, on the most liberal ana accounnoda
ting terms —and hopes, by strict attention to fhtfi
'tern, to merit t he patronage of the public, and to give
general satisfaction.
Lr* ekruol and Portland Line of Ste
The State of Maine ann uncos the cstabbahmtu: til
the Liverpool and Portland Line of steamers —
touching at St. Johns. N. P.. and Haliax. Infor
mation was received by the last arrival from Eu
rope Lo the effect that plans have been maiu. e<f and
arrangements for the maintenance of the line, ot mti
mencmg on the 7th of March, with the Circassian, a
screw propeller. of 2300 tons, having engines of 350
horse power. She wiii be f flowed four weeks
later by the Kliersouete. The trips will be
I monthly
Ilnrristia*) Acfuiini*rrution.
t Th" letter? e«e sheeted front ''The Pri-
I vate Orreertomtenee of [>arirT Webster." just pab
j ..sued by a Bcataa bouse. They gbre some iuter
. citing inlorinatiun concerning the fonaation of Gen.
Hr.mson’e Calnnet: , ,
t'C/i. Harrison tv Mr. li ritler.
FB.Avj.FaET, Ky., Lee. 1. 1810.
1 My Dear Sir—l received your kinj letter of the
i 11 tii o't., at this place, ob this day week, itist ns I
was about to set out for Lexington, to dme with
! Mr. Clay, wiuj ijuul waited on me here and invited
I I'.'-OJ/ to dine witiiaowo o toy old friends. I ex-
I pelted to be absent bu. three days, aud left yours
. and Other letters to be answered ou my return, but
i found it impossible to tret awav or evade the hospi
talities oi my friends iu aau about Lexington until
morning, and I a> ai. t .yaeif o* tue ii? t moment
Os being alone t-> write to you.
Since I was first a candidate for the Presidency, 1
had determin d. i' successful, to solicit your able
assistance, in conducting the administration, and I
n v ask you to acccept too State or Treasury De
partment. I have myself no preference of either
ior you, but it may perhaps be more difficult to fill
the ratter than the former if you should decline it
L rvas the first designed ur you iu the supposition
that you had given more attention to the subject of
the finances than Mr. Clay, to whom I intended to
have ottered the Istate Department. This, as well
as any’ other poet in the Cubiiiet, 1 understood be
fore my arrival acre from 411 intimate friend of that
gentleman, he would decline. This he has since
ut ne personally to me. Ifyou should think it ad
visable to pursue tile tame qourse, will you do uie
11 favor to name some one oFycrur Eastern friends
for the Treasury or some other d . payment ? Would
you recommend your Governor efect for the Trea
sury, if you rhonld detfeiine to beeline it ? I
shall set out to-morrow forwouiaVille, and shall fie
at home as soon as 3 can reach Clevfew.—
l>o n t believe, my dear hat I mean by I
ha . e said above, to choice as to ti;e
formation of the Ca sing e individual 1
give me your advice fully and freely upon that, and
everyother subject, whether you occupy' a place iti
the Cabinet or not, aud it will be at all times thank
iuily received by your friend.
tJ W. 11. II\RRISON.
Mr. Webster to fieri. Harrison.
Wash i ng ton, Dec. 11,1810.
My Dear Sir —Haying been detained on my way
by the late storm, I did not reach this city untihthe
evening of the 'Jth, and vesterday morning the 10th,
your letter ol the Ist., was delivered to me by Col.
Bond.
It becomes me, in the first place to acknowledge
my grateful spnse ot the confidence evinced by
your communication, and to assure you how high
13’ I value t his proof of 3’our friendship and regard.
The question of accepting a seat in your Cabinet,
should il be tendered to me, has naturally been the
subject of my reflections, aud of cousultuting with
friends. The result of these reflections and consul
tations has been that I should accent the office of
Secretary of State, should it be offered to me, under
circumstances such as now exist.
I am willing therefore, to undertake the duties of
the office, prepared to give to their faithful discharge
my best ability and all iny efforts.
You are kind enougktosuggest that my acquaint
ance with the subjects of currency and finance
might render me useful as head of the. Treasury.—
On that subject my view’ has been this: I think all
important questions‘of revenue, finance and curren
cy, properly belonging to the Executive, should be
Cabinet questions; that every member of the Cabi
net should give them his best consideration, aud es
pecially that the results of these deliberations should
receive the sanction 6f the president.
TLis seems necessary to union and efficiency of
action. If to these counsels I may be supposed
able to contribute anything useful, I shall withhold
mysell from no degree of labor, and no just respon
sibility. J
For the daily details of the Treasury, the matters
of account, and the supervision of subordinate offi
cers employed in the collection and disbursement of
the public moneys, I do not think myself to be par
ticululy well qualified. I take this occasion to say,
that I entirely concur in the opinion which has been
expressed by 3*oll, that on these subjects of finance
aud fevenue, as on other grave subjects, the duty
of originating important measures properly belongs
to Congress.
Hy accepting now the offer of the Department of
State, however, I doiiot wish to preclude you from
agufi suggestingrthe Treasury Department tome,
if yoti should And ? it more easy to 1:11 the former
than the latter office satisfactorily with another per
son.
You are pleased to ask lay opinions in regard to
the manner of filling the other Departments.
On this important and delicate subject I will write
to you within two days. 1 now only assure you
that in what 1 may day, my object will be only to
make suggestions lor your consideration , as I have
confidence in your judgment, aud no motive but to
see you surrounded by a strong, comprehensive and
popular Cabinet, such as shall satisfy the expecta
tion of the country, and promise success and honor
to your administration. Yours, very truly,
D. Webster.
Later from Kansas.
The St. Louis Republican haa a letter from its cor
respondent in Kansas, dated Westport, Dec. 16,
from which we extract as fellows :
The Territory is remarkable peaceful.
The Delaware land sales were concluded a few
days since. The sale of the town lots in Leaven
worth City did not take place; it is postponed to
some future day, and many a hungry speculator
had had to leave without the satisfaction of his cra
ving. This postponement will retard the progress
of the city greatly
Major Buford, the celebrated projector of the Em
igrant Aid enterprise from the South is here. He
will leave in a few days for Alabama, but wili re
turn if the spring. H-* boujy&t some of the Dela
ware lands. The Major has -prepared a report of
the receipts and disbursements of his enterprise. It
shows a loss, on his part, of ten thousand- six hun
dred and odd dollaik
I leai n that at Com.eil Grove, and in and about
that region, there is snow one and a half feet deep.
The Sante Fe and Sail Lake mails will be behind
the time iii getting in, this month. The snow drifts
are unusually huge.
Leooinplou is lively. Stock in that place baa ad
vanced rapidly of late, and the town promises to be
much more than its most sanguine mends predicted
at one time In fact, all the territorial towns are
growing rapidly. Business here is excellent for the
season.
Foreign Commerce of the United States.—
From elaborate tables prepared by the Hankers’
Magazine, from the Annual Returns of the Treasury
showing the anuuaj imports and exports of each
State for the past thirty-five years, we extract the
following summaiy of the aggregates for various
periods, in relation l«> New York, Pennsylvania,
Massachusetts and Maryland—showing in fact the
foreign commerce of New York, Philadelphia, Bos
ton and Baltimore. The immense increase at New
York show's how rapidly the foreign commerce of
the country has been concentrated at that port:
TOTAL EXPORTS.
New York Mflssaeh’ts. Penn’a Mail’d.
1821.-.. 5113,1G0, ylri 812,484,771 *7,301,707 $3,850,304
j*511... 21,947,701 10,098,86*2 8,331,722 4,010,748
1831.. 255:<5,14i 7.733 703 7,513,713 4,308,047
1830.. 28.920,63 d 10.3 s .’,340 3,971,555 3,675,475
1841.. 33,139,833 11,487,343 5,152,501 4,947,166
1846.. 36,915,4-13 10,313.119 4,751,005 6,869,055
1851.. 86,007,019 12 352.682 5,356,036 5/ 35,786
1852.. 87,484.456 16.546,499 5,828,571 6,667,861
185:i 78;20t>-90 19.955;276 6,527,996 7,916,459
1r54 . 122,534,010 21,458,504 10,104,410 11,782,622
1855 -- 113,731,238 28,190,925 6,274,338 10,395,984
1856.. . 119,1 i 2,500 29,822,8.-0 7,332,572 11,121,398
These dates embrace the fiscal years of the Uni
ted States, according to the Treasury books.
It will be seen by these figures that while the for
eign exports, of Baltimore have increased in full
proportion with Boston, both cities have far out
stripped Philadelphia—the foreign exports of that
city in 1856 being actually less than they were in
1821.
The following ‘able having special reference to
the commerce of Baltimore, is ot interest:
FOREIGN COMMERCE OF THE STATE OF MARYLAND.
) EXPORT*— IMPORTS—
Tonnage Clear'd
V-ear. Domestic. Foreign. Imports. Amer’a For’gn.
1801 *■> Ti c HSO $1,135,544 $4,070,842 $61,687 $4,667
2,947 352 1*063,396 -1.928,56:1 62,212 2,931
1831 3,73 ,506 578,141 4,826.577 65,370 10,276
1836 3 0»8’*!6 646.550 7,131,867 30.416 18,507
1841 .'1 4.7m)] 160 158,006 6.101.313 63.656 2,3,598
1846 6*744 110 124,945 4.042 915 88,404 30.887
lg s l 5 416 70“ 218,988 6.650,645 75,406 ,'10,383
1852 ! 6 514 641 153,320 6,719 986 83,606 42,637
ldh-ll 1 7*768.214 138,235 6.330.078 87,218 56,378
1854!." 11*655,250 127.382 6,787 552 136,524 54,750
185-> 9 88° 218 513,766 7.788,949 111.096 47,494
1856.*! 10.856.637 264.761 9,119,907 118,872 40,439
Balt. American.
Departure of Huntington for Sing Sing.—
Charles B. Huntington, the forger, took his depart
ure for Sing Sing yesterday, in custody of Deputy
Sheriff Ingles. At half-past one o’clock he was iu
formedi i his cell that .the officer was waiting, ne
heard the announcement with an air of indifference
and continued smoking his cigar. In a few minutes
he came down and stepped into the warden’s room,
where he had a conversation with three or four of
his friends. As he passed the grated door leading
into the outer passage he shook hands with three or
tour of th keepers, with whom he had become ac
quainted, and paying bid them a “good bye, boys,”
a«j hi* farewell, he went into the street. Huntington
seemingly felt but little concern in the matter. Seve
ral of litefrienda, however, evinced a profound ap
predation of thoolempity of the proceedings. One
old genpeman, who parted from him on the side
walk] and gave him many good wishes for his future
success, the prospects of which now looked so
gloomy,showed much emotion; and the parting
was not without effect upon Huntington himself,
who manifested for the first time during the proceed
ing a show of feeling. Huntington took his seat
inthe carriage, followed by two of his friends and
Sheriff Ingles : the door was closed, and the driver
mounted the box and in a minute the carriage was
whirling off towards the Chambers street station.—
s. Herald of Saturday.
Suffering at Sea. —The Norfolk (Vu.) Argus
contains an account of the wreck of the ship Jer
sey, C&p dn Andrews, bound for Hampton Roads, !
with guano, on the 21st ult., and the sufferings of the
crew. The vessel struck cn a sand bar, two miles
from shore, and some distance South of Cape Hen
ry iu a heavy snow storm:
The forehand mizen masts were cut away and the
crew remained on board, doing all that could be
done to save her until 9 o’clock A. M., on the 2 2d,
when the waves dashed furiously over the deck, and
the met were almost frozen and blinded by the
heavy snow storm that continued.
One of the boats was then launched and lost, and
another , which was also lost, together with some of
the rev A third boat was then lowered upon the
turbulent waves that threatened the whole crew with
destruction. This boat soon filled and sunk. For
tunately the ship was well supplied with boats, hav
ing fo.ir. The last boat, the only means of escape
from the sad fate that threatened, was then launch
ed; canteen men got on board with great difficul
ty, and were tossed upon the swollen bidows which
bore them rapidly tow. ads the shore. The captain,
dpsiiig nearly ail hope that she would stand the vio
lence of the storm and reach the shore, ordered all
hands to' take off their coats and boots and prepare
to swim. The little b*j9t. however. being kept by
-the oars weii before the wind, faithfully rode the
waves, dashed bravely through the breakers, and
Capt. Andrew and seventeen of his men, half frozen,
reached the fibore; after which one of the men,
yielding to the power of the storm, sank down up
on the steeljf sand and was soon a corpse. W e
learn that there were spectators on the shore, who
shed tears at the perilous condition of the storm
beaten mariners, and while witnessing the fearful
betti which they had with the wild fury of the wind,
an ! the rapid rou of the heavy surges.
A Skating Part*. —The Boston Traveller etates
tils, on W> doeaday evening the St. Nicholas Ska
tin z CV.b, of Roxbury, assembled at “Bower*
Pond,” bringing several transparencies and other
illuminations, which were set up in different part*
of me pond. The members then immediately pro
Ceeded to ignite several tar barrels at various points.
Tbwe were so profusely scattered over the pond
that the whole area ww brightly illuminated. By
:hk, time uuge numbers of ladies and gentlemen
had arrived, and the whole party then proceeded to
enjoy the excellent skating. During the evening
several pieces of fireworks were setoff, and some
choice musical gems Burg by the ladies and gentle
men with fine effect.
Dead. —Miss Vincent, directress of the Victoria
Theatre, London, and for many years one of the
n. >st popular actresses on the English stage, died on
the 12th ult., at the age of 41.
rorrnption in Confress.
The following articles from the New York Herald
and Richmond Enquirer , leading organs of the Re
publican and Democratic parties, of whose mem*
ber* nine-tenths of the present Congress are com
posed, present no very flattering pictures of the
honesty and integrity of Congress, and as they
speak of their political friends and associates, may
be supposed to speak truly. Hear them :
From the Herald.
THE LOBBY CORRUPTIONS AT WASHINGTON—THE
WARNINGS OK EXPERIENCE.
We have secured an active ally against the lobby
corruptions at Washington, and in a quarter where
least expected. Read the pungent little editorial
of the Richmond Enquirer, which we have trans
ferred to this paper. Our Virginia cotemporary en
dorses the general correctness of our Washington
correspondenco in their descriptions of the various
corrupting appliances of the “lobby members,” and
expresses the opinion that “the evils of lobby legis
lation are growing in power and mischief, aud that
unless some check is interposed, the extravagance
and corruptions of government will debauch the na
tional character, aud afflict the country with ail the
curses of rampant and universal protiigac3’."
This is our opinion. We have heretofore enlarged
upon it ; but with the unexpected aud cheering as
sistance ot the Richmond Enquirer, against “the
lobby interest, - ' we are encouraged to keep up the
fire. We have said that there is a general striking
an&lugy between the bank corruptions and in fiat ions
of the Jackson and Van Buren epoch, aud the rail
road, stockjobbing ami lobby corruptions at Wash
ington of the present day. From 1830 to 1836, we
had a jubilee of paper money inflation, excessive
speculations, importations, defalcations, and kite
flying and swindling transactions of every descrip
tion. First, the United States Bank, in its struggle
for a re-charter, set the example of expansion iu its
accommodating loans to politicians and political
financier* throughout the country. Some very in
teresting disclosures of this sort were made through
C. C. Cambreleng’s committee of investigation, in
cluding the discovery of a loan of some fifty-two
thousand dollars ($52,675,872 we believe) to Chcva
Her Webb, and which, if we are uot mistaken, was
finalljr settled in the release of the Chevalier by the
sponging process of the Bankrupt law of 1811.
Next, with the removal of the deposits from the
United States Bank to the pet State banks, they
adopted the policy ol' a liberal expansion of their
circulation upon the basis of these deposits; and
their pernicious example soon took the shape of a
universal epidemic, which “ ran like the cholera.”
At this distant day we look back with amazement
at the morbid infatuation which existed, and went
on spreading from bad to worse, from the beginning
of Ja'kson’s war with “the monster” to the final
collapse of the pet banks, the outside banks—the
wild cat, red (log, and shin plaster banks of all kinds
—and the general prostration of the speculating,
stock-jobbing, commercia l , manufacturing, agricul
tural aud working classes in the terrible revulsion
of 1837. During this interval of the expanding
bubble, even under the sharp eye of Old Hickory,
corrupt spoilsmen and lobby men first began to
wield their malign influences at Washington upon a
large scale. Under the pliant or indifferent Van
Buren, the federal ad 111 ilustration, from its financial
excesses, corruptions and defalcations, became “ a
by-word and a reproach among all people,” aud
“ the Little Magician” was indignantly cast out.—
Upon this point, of the profligacies of the Van Bu
ren administration, the investigating committees
aud the disclosures of Henry A. Wise and others in
Cougress, were as useful to the public ns the Cam
braleng Board of Inquisitors against Biddle and his
b°.nk.
The bank rag and stockjobbers’ saturnalia, ex
tending from 1830 to 18.36, and involving every part
of the country, ami all classes of the people in tlie
general crash of ruin and bankruptcy precipitate*
upon us in 1837, was all built up and broken down,
we may say, upon the basis of those government de
posits of some twenty-five or twenty-seven millions
of dollars. But how stand we now ? In the place
of Biddle’s monster and the pet banks, we have a
new financial power in the laud—a sort of general oli
garchy in the railroad companies of the country, re
presenting an aggregate of twelve hundred millions
of dollars—operating, upon the one hand, under the
general business impulse ot three millions of dollars
per month from California; and upon the other hand,
in land grants from Congress, ranging from a few
bundl ed thousand acres to some local road, to two,
three, five or ten milli ns, as the case may be ; the
grand contemplated coup d'etat being the joint
stock Pacific Railroad conspiracy, comprehend
iug an alliance of companies from the great Lakes
to the Gulf Mexico, and an absorption o the cream
of the pub ic lands within this area of not less than
one hundred and twenty-live millions of acres.
Thus it wiil be perceived that the railroad land
jobbers and the Washington Congressional lobby,
with all its gambling and spoils affiliations, are lead
ing off in that “rampant and universal profligacy”
of the present day, which threatens us, from its ex
tending debaucheries, with a revulsion in due sea
son tenfold greater than that of 1837. We have now
some 24,000 miles of railroads in operation, against
some 7,000 miles in 1850. These 17,000 miles of
railroads in six years have been built very largely
upon loans and credit—most ot them do not pay ex
p uses, qnd very few, indeed, pay a dividend. There
will be inevitable collapses and bankruptcies among
them, do what they may, and a general crash, in
volving banks, merchants, and every other interest
in the country, is just as likely as anything else.
Three millions of gold per mogth from California
will not sustain much longer the present universal
rage for speculation, stockjobbing, railroads and rail
road land-jobbing, Congressional lobbying, financial
swindling, and general extravagance and dissipa
tion. We can’t stand it. And the very worst fea
ture of it all is, that gigantic “lobby interest,” which,
under the auspices of Filhnores’s loose administra
tion, and this deliberately corrupt dynasty of Pierce
aud his Kitchen, has risen to its present enormous
proportions in its moans and appliances of plunder
and corruption. We aprrehend, also, that many of
those old spoils campaigners of the Juckson Van
Bureu epoch, such as Chevalier Webb aud Thur
low Weed, are now deeper in the various millionaire
schemes of Washington lobby spoliation than they
ever were in Biddle’s monster or the pet banks of
Old Hickory.
A Congressional committee of investigation into
the uses, anuses, schemes, bribes and corruptions of
the lobby, and particularly iu reference to their
railroad laud grant aud patent extension projects,
including that transparent swindling trick for re
funding the duties paid by our vail road companies
upon their imported railroad iron, should be appoin
ted. Cambreleng’s committee in the case of the
United States Bank, resulted in some very valuable
discoveries; so also did the various inquiries of
Gov. Wise and others into the corruptions and pro
fligate excesses of Van Buren’s administration ; but
we think that a bold and fearless Congressional com
mittee, just now, upon the Washington lobby,
would be equivalent to tbe saving of millions of
money and lands to the public treasury and the
people. We go further, aud declare it is our fixed
belief that the first move required to put a check to
this existing spirit of “rampant and universal profli
gacy,” is a bold, active and independent House or
Senate committee of inquiry into the schemes,
agents, and means aud appliances of the “lobby in
terest” at Washington. We call upon Mr. Seward,
Master Weed, the Chevalier Webb and other inno
cent “lookers on in Vienna,” to aid us in procuring
this committee. Let us have a searching commit
tee. Is anybody afraid ?
From the Richmond Enquirer , Dec. 30.
Plain people in the country have very primitive
ideas of legislation in Washington. In their sim
plicity they believe every honorable member of
Congress to be what his title imports and his station
demands, a gentleman of irreproachable integrity
aud great abilities. From this innocent conception
of the character of a Congressman, other pretty
popular delusions follow, such, for example, as that
the federal eapitol contains the collective wisdom of
the nation, that the conduct of each representative
is determined by an exclusive regard for the public
welfare, and that no corrupt element of selfish in
terest ever discolors the current of legislation. In
all instances an act of Congress is taken by the sim
ple hearted people of the “ rural districts,” to ex
press the highest conception of the best minds stim
ulated to effort by an ardent patriotism and exempt
from the influence of personal passion and preju
dice.
The poet tells us that “ when Ignorance is bliss,
’tia folly to be wise,’’ and perhaps it would be better
for their peace of mind if the people were not dis
enchanted of these Arcadian ideas of pastoral inno
cence and simplicity among the statesmen iu Wash
ington. It is the business, however, of the ne W9pa
per press to enlighten the popular mind on all mat
ters of public concern, and to expose abuses with
out regard to consequences. Such is our conception
of duty, and we intend to redeem the obligation to
the best ot our ability.
In our issue of this morning the reader wiil find
two very remarkable letters from the columns of
the New-Yoik Herald in which the operations of
the lobby interest in Washington are exposed to
public contemplation. In those communications,
doubtless, there are particular misstatements, and
they may betray a general spirit of exaggeration ;
but their substantial correctness is above all criti
cism. It is not to be denied that there exists a class
of person* about Washington, organized into a dis
tinct profession, and animated by a peculiar espt it
dc corps, whose business it is to bring personal in
fluences to bear upon the action of Congress, and to
determine measures of legislation by corrupt con
sideration*. These individuals pass under the gen
eral description of “ lobby members ;” but they
differ very much in private character. Some are
geutlemen of intelligence aud social distinction, and
the inconsistency betwixt their character and their
calling ie explained by the fact that they regard
their business as legitimate in every .sense. They
would scorn a bribe themselves, but they think it
a perfectly harmless and reputable thing to appeal
to the basest passions of another person. But the
vast majority of these lobby agents in Washington
are the scum of Christendom, such as ex-members
of Congress, ex-Secretaries of departments, editors
out of employment, occasional correspondents of
papers, officers of the army dismissed from tlie ser
vice. ofiicers of the navy retired for incapacity,
clerks, women of easy virtue, dealers of faro and
apostate preachers of the Gospel. These individ
uals Lave methodized the mysteries of plunder into
a science, and have reduced their operations against
the Treasury to a regular system ot strategy. The
agenciesof their influence comprehend all the means
of subduing principle through the instrumentality ol
the passions.
The amiable disposition of one member of Con
gress makes him an easy prey. Another falls a vic
tim to the seductions of champague and canvass
back. A third is insensible to the charms of an
opicureau banquet, but he surrenders to the seduc
tions of a solid sum of money. A fourth is beguiled
by the arts of some charming Lais and consents, if
not to support a particular claim, to be absent when
the vote is taken. A fifth, with hardly iestr crimina
lity of motive, sacrifices his scruples to secure the
co-operation of a powerful interest in his own spe
cial behalf. So the thing works; and tLe result is
that the people are plundered of millions by a cor
rupt coalition between the lobby interest, and cer
tain. profligate members of Congress.
It is a fact, but not a very astonishing fact, that
the representatives of the South are proverbially in
imical to the lobby interest. The members from
Virginia especially are distmTuinhed for their inflex
ble opposition to all schemes of public plunder.
Still the evils of lobby legislation are growing iu
power and mischief, nn<! unless some check is inter
poeed the extravagance and corruption* of govern
ment will debauch.tbe national character and afflict
the country with all the curses of rampant and uni
versal pro&gacy. The Presidency of Mr. Buchan
an promises much in the way of retrenchment.—
Above all thing* let him aspire to a pure adminifctra
tion. and to that end it is necessary that the people
should aid him by sending men of character and
ablity to Congress.
Losses by Fire, Railroad and Steamboat
Accidents in 1856.—From a reeord which has been
published of all the fires in the United States, in
1856, where the amount of property destroyed lias
been estimated equal to and upwards of twenty
thousand dollars, it appears that the total number of
flies has been two hundred and twenty seven, and
the total loss twenty-one millions, one hundred and
fifty nine thousand dollars. The total number of
fires in 1855, was 193; loes $13,049,000. One hun
dred and eighty-three lives were lost in burning
buildings in 1856 ; one bundl ed and nineteen in
1855.
Iu 1856 there were 113 railroad accidents In the
United States, attended with loes of life ; 195 killed
by these accidents, and 629 wounded. Among the
killed were 26 engineers and 28 firemen. In 1855,
there were 242 railroad accidents ; 116 killed, (in
cluding 20 engineer* and 19 firemen.) and 539
wounded.
The steamboat accidents of 1856 numbered 29;
killed 358, wounded 127. In 1855, steamboat acci
dents, 27,killed 176, wounded 107
The “Other” Peculiar Institution*.
We find, in the California papers 3omeouiiou3
statistics touching the “peculiar inititution ol Mor
mondom, embodied iu some late news from Utah.
One of the branches of their local legislature is
cffiled the Council, (answering to our “Senate”) and
the other the House of Representatives—the former
composed of 13 members, and the latter of 26. The
wires are thus apportioned among these Monnon
laV givers:
~ , „ No. of Wives.
Hebert.. Kimball, President of Council 67
Daniel H. Wells, Councilman, (eross-e\’ed) 19
Albert Carrington, (cripple and near sighted) 21
Orson Pratt. “ “ 7
Wilfurd Woodruff, *• “ “ is
John Stoker “ “ “ 8
Lorin Fuse *• “ «« 3
Lorenzo Snow, “ •* “ So
Leonard E. Harrington, “ “ 3
Beiy. F. Johnson, “ “ “ 4
Isaac Moorle}', (72 3-ears old) 5
John A. Ray (from Texas) 2
Geo. A. Smith, (cripple aud near sighted) 5
Grand total—men, 13—women 171
To be a “cripple,” we see here, is no disqualifica
tion for connubial bliss in Utah ; while it would seem
that, to be “near-sighted” as well as “crippled,”
gives one the very best opportunity—next to the
President of a Council—for obtaining a large least*
of feminine affection. * 1
Coming to the nouse, we find that :
, j • No. of Wives.
J. M. Grant, Speaker has 0
W. W. Phelps, (printer of Morgan’s book) <
A. P. Rook wood, fan old man) ft
Edwin D. Wolly, (a small man') 5
J. W. Cummings, (cnppbb 10
Rosea Stout, (lawyer from Kentucky—;i dead. . i
S. Richards, (handsome young lawsr) ... If*
Jesse C. Little, (lawor of Boston. Ma 55.)......... A,. ;j
Wm. Snow, (Vermont laborer)
P. H, Young, (older brother of Brigham—tailor). ..** \ .»
C. V. Spencer, (of Mass, quite) small has but 2
Ezra S. llensou (old aud homely) ...... 15
James C. Snow, (quite poor) ’ ;?
Aaron Johnson, (has three sisters, and altogether) »:
Lorenzo H. Hatch, (wagon maker( .2
Jacob G. Bigler, (farmer) 10
George Peacock, (farmer) .10
John Eldridge. (phrenologist— two dead) l
Isaac C. Haight, (coal digger) | „»
Jcsae N. Smith, (lawyer) o
John D. Parker, (old and deaf)
Jesse Hobson, (ox teamster) j<)
.1. C. Wright, (hotel keeper)
James Brown, (dairyman) 7
Enoch Reese, (farmer, etc.) o
W. Hickman, (one of the Dauites) 3
Total ir.T
Two things are fnoteworthy here—Mr. Benson,
who is quoted “old aud homely,” has more wives
than other people—and quite as many as Mr. Rich
ards, the “young aud handsome law\ er.”
Wherefore the inference is plain, that Utah is a good
place for 4 old und homely” men to emigrate to—at
once. Coal diggers, too, it will be seen, are bette”
oil* tlmu phrenologist*. “Ox teamsters” would seem
to be iu favor. The House has five officers—and
what their condition is, connubially, we glean
follows 3
Thos. Bullock, (clerk and an Englishman( 1
J. Grimshnw, (Assistant clerk and an Englishman)... 5
Chandler Holbrook, (Foreman, and deaf) l
Jacob F. Hutchison, (Messenger)
Joel H. Johnson, (Chaplain) 7 ,
Total 00
Add 08 wives for tlie “Governor,” and we have
ti e whole number of females thus represented by
the members of the Legislature, officers of same,
and liis Excellency, amounting to 420; or, in other
words, 45 men have 118 wives. That will do !— N.
V. Express,
A Miraculous Escape.—The Rochester Union
gives an account of Geo. Shale falling one hundred
teet over the Great Geuessee Falls in Rochester,
without killing himself:
“It appears that the boys went down the slope,
towards the mill, perhaps to see how far they might
venture; one of them, named Geo. Shale, ventured
too far, slipped upon the crust and iu au instant went
over the great precipice, falling over one hundred
feet, to the verge of the water, boiling up from the
edda under the Great Fall. AU who heard the alarm
concluded at once that the lad was dead, but he was
so far from being dead that his cries at tracted the
attention of skaters on the river, some forty rods
distant, and they went to his relief. lie was found
standing partly upright, in the snow, about six feet
from the edge of the water. One of his legs was 1
badly shattered, and some of his ribs were broken.
The precise extent of his injuries could not be at
once ascertained, lie fell feet foremost and was
terribly jarred, though striking in the soft snow may
have, iu some measure, lessened the shock.”
Terrible Suffering in lowa. —Sepen Persons
Frozen to Death. —The lowa City Repuulican, of
the 25th ulthas the following :
It will shock our readers to learn that two rcspec
table citizens of this county were frozen to death
on Sabbath evening. Mr. and Mrs. Walton and
and their son, of Pleasant Valley, started from church
on Sabbath evening to return home. They were
lost on the prairie in snowdrifts, amid the perils of a
terrible snow storm, and a piercing blinding wind.—
After struggling until they were almost frozen, and
getting their horses so buried in drifts that they
could proceed no farther, they abandoned their ve
hicle in the hope of reaching their own or some
other habitation. They struggled along together,
weary hours in vain. Mrs. W. at last sank in the
icy winding sheet to rise no more Her sin, a young
man, struggled a while longer, and suffered the same
fate. The father nerved by despair, kept up until
three o’clock in the morning, when he readied a
house 8 miles from his owu. lie is badly frosen,
but will recover. As soon as possible his track was
followed, but too late to save the mother and son.
The St. Louis News, of the 28th, contains another
terrible account. It says:
Five persons, a man, three women and a child,
were frozen to death near Monticello, lowa, last Sa
turday night. They were returning from a neigh
bor’s with a pair of horses and sleigh ; they got off
the road, and in crossing a hollow, the horses be
came detached from the sleigh and ran off—leaving
the parties in snow from five to eight feet deep.—
The people not returning on Tuesday morning, the
neighbors collected, nod after a long search, the wo
men and child were found in a willow thicket, cov
ered with blankets, and with a largo quantity of
snow over them, all dead. The man was found
without his hat, frozen to death, about a quarter of
a mile from the women, and within forty rods of his
own house, Two other men were frozen in the
same neighborhood, about the same time, while re
turning from church. The weather has been ex
eessively cold in lowa.
Mobile and Girard Railroad. —The stock
holders of the Mobile and Girard Railroad Compa
ny assembled at Girard on the 20th inst.
Mobile having failed to comply with the terms of
her subscription was declared no longer a stock
holder in the Company.
The policy of changing the direction of the road
from and beyond Union Springs, was freely deba
ted, but no definite decision was reached. We
learn that it will probably cost four times as much to
construct the road from Union Springs to Mobile
as it will to connect with Pensacola. The question
will come up again after the road reaches Union
Springs.
We regret to learn that it will require an addi
tional subscription ot SBO,OOO to complete the road
to Union Springs. This amount, the energetic and
indefatigable President says, can and will be raised,
and that then we will have a railroad fifty-two miles
long without a dollar of debt to impede its further
progress.
The road is now running thirty-six miles, we learn,
and is doing a very heavy business.— Times, Dec.
31s/.
“The Crazy Men’s Meeting.” —U* der the
above head the Boston Courier gives the following
call for a Disunion Convention at Worcester, in
Massachusetts:
We, the undersigned citizens of Worcester, be
lieving the result of the Presidential election to in
volve four years more of pro-slavery government,
and a rapid increase in the hostility Detween the
two sections of the Union ; believing this hostility
to be the offspring not of party excitement, but of
a fundamental difference in education, habits and
laws ; believing the existing Union to be a failure,
as being a hopeless attempt to unite under one
government two antagonistic systems of society,
which diverge more widely with every year ; and
believing it to be the duty of intelligent and con
scientious men to meet these facta with wisdom and
firmness, respectfully invite our fellow-citizens of
Massachusetts to meet in convention at Worcester
on Thursday, January loth, to consider the practi
cability, probability and expediency of a separation
between the free and slave States, and to take such
other measures as the condition of the times may
require.
The Fatal Accident in Washington. —The
National Intelligencer has the following, about the
fatal accident to the wife of Judge P. V. Daniel :
Mrs. Daniel was sitting in her chamber at a low
table preparatory to retiring for the night, having
on a calico robe. From some cause, now unable to
be assigned, the candle on the table by which she
was lighted fell its name to her
robe, which she endeavored to put out, but in vain.
In this way she screamed aloud and ran into the
passage outside the chamber, when a burst of air
gave new force to the thoroughly ignited robe, and
before obtaining the assistance of her husband, who
ran from his study, and of a servant from below,
Mrs. Darnel was most severely burnt. Her person
was as quickly as possible enveloped with carpeting
and such articles as were at hand, but the destruc
tive element had done its fell work too completely,
and after suffering four hours of great agony, though
partially alleviated by medical aid, she expired.—
The only words by which she was enabled to indi
cate the manner of the accident were “the candle,
the candle.” The unfortunate lady leaves an in
consolable husband and two young children to de
plore her distressing death ana their own great loss
Convicted of Murder. —The case of Samuel
Gilmore, on trial for murder in the circuit court at
Chicago, was concluded on Saturday night by a ver
dict of “guilty of murder in the first degree,” with a
recommendation to the Governor to commute the
sentence to imprisonment for life. The case is one
which revealed shocking depravity and degrada
tion. The prisoner and a woman named Mary Sam
mons had been living together in the town of New
Trier for several months, and a child was born. For
some months before the birth of the child the prison
er had made threats in relation to it. On the 3d of
September the child was born, the mother being ta
ken in labor a few yards from the house. When the
child was born she called the prisoner, who came to
her with a shovel in his hand, and told her to go into
the house and he would bring the child. She went
in, and soon after Gilmore followed her. She asked
him about the child, and he said that he had taken
care of it. The woman heard the child cry, and
knew that it was alive when she left it. A little
girl, ten years of age, a daughther of the woman,
gave her testimony in the case. She was lying sick
of the measles on that day, and looking out of the
window saw Gilmore lay a child on the ground and
place the edge of a spade or shovel upon it. He
then rolled it up in a cloth and burned it. Two days
afterwards she watched her opportunity and dug up
the child with her hands.
English Emigration to Australia.— There is
quite a revival of emigration in England for Aus
tralia, as well as an increased demand for merchau
diae from that oountry. This has caused a material
advance in the rates of freight from London and
Liverpool to Australia, and several American ships
have been taken up at enhanced rates. The Cham
pion of the Seas, belonging to Baines &. Co/s packet
Tine, is mentioned among the British ships reoently
sailed. She had 300 passengers and 2,000 tons
cargo.
Terrible B*ow Storm .—The terrible enow storm
which visited this portion of the State, a little more
than a week since, visited with redoubled fury Fort
Des Moine. It commenced on Monday and lasted
until Wedneeday. Such was iti violence that per
sons were lost and almost perished in the snow
drifts in passing from one portion of the city to an
other. Men dare not venture out, such was the
terror inspired by the storm. —lowa City Repub.
Rhode Island Banks. —The Banks of Rhode
Island have made their annual returns to the Legis
lature, and their condition coinpares favorably with
the corresponding period in 18&>. There are more
banks (39) in the city of Providence than in Boston,
though the amount of capital is smallei, being only
$14,115,055. These, with fifty-nine oountry banks,
(capital $6,249,442) give an aggregate of ninety
eight, and $20,364,497 capital in that little State.—
I The old banks have inoreased their capital $1,277,-
121 for the year, and seven new banks have coin-
I menced operations with $421,387 paid in thus far
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXI. NO. 2.
Missouri.
The la.il measagi of Gov Price waa presented to
the Legiaiatuio ou the S9Lh of December. The
Governor commences by cou K iatutatiu« the mem
hers on the inshdegree of prosperity with which the
people have been blessed. He says :
‘ Abundant harvests have "rewarded lie tabons of
our farmers; our mining and manufacturing inter
ests have flourished aud have been greatly extend
ed; our commerce has growu with the general ra
pid but healthy growth of our State and its neigh
bors, and remunerative prices have encouraged all
branches of industry. The health of all portions of
the State lias also been unusually good aud our
citizens have net been plagued with any epidemic
diseases."
The finances of the State are in a nourishing con
dition the balance iu the treasury being nearly
three hundred thousand dollars. State bonds for
the benefit of certain railroad compau’es have been
issued to the amount of nearly ten millions of dol
lars. and there are yet to be issued nearly the same
amount.
Tne Governor advises against any reduction of
the rate of taxation, on the ground that in a pros
perous and growing community new objects of ex
pondiiure are constantly arising.
The currency question is dwelt upon at some
length. The Governor thinks that no one acquain
/ted tMth tire vast aud rapidly increasing commerce
of Higsouri will consider a banking capital of five
mUiams of dollars at all too large. He says :
‘‘One of the most important subjects which will
engage your attention is the proposed amendment
of the State constitution, authorizing the creation of
new banks, based upon a specie oapital and made
liable to redeem their issuesiugold or silver. Should
this amendment not become a part of our organic
law, I renew the recommendations made by me
two years ago in regard to the present lt.nk of Mis
aouri, whose corporate existence was extended at
your last session to the id of February, 1861. To
allow its charter to expire without crenttug any new
bank would be practically to give to tbe neighboring
and even more distant States the power to regulate
" our currency.”
Some suggestions follow as to the legitimate ob
jects of banks and the restrictions proper to be im
posed upon their managers.
The Governor urges the importance of a railroad
line, telegraph, aud daily mail across the continent
to California. He cites the troubles on the Panama
and Nicaragua lines of communication with the
Pacific to show the impolicy of having our reliance
on routes through the possessions of foreign countries,
aud he tbiuka something has been gained to that
end in the late political struggle, to which he refers
in the following terms of felicitation:
“All friends of a speedy mode o f communication
between the eastern and western limits of our con
federaey should rejoice that the political party which
the people have placed in power lor the next Presi
dential term stands pledged and in favor of all pro
per and constitutional efforts by the Federal Gov
ernment to effect tliat end."
The Governor refers to what, has been done by
the citizens of his own State towards improving the
present condition of things, a company having been
organized with a view to the establishment of nil
overland mail route from Missouri to California, and
to the bill b fore Congress lor the same object and
lor atelegraph line. This, he trusts, “ will speedily
become a law, and be the first only ill a series of
judicious legislative ads by tile Congress of the
United Slates to draw more closely together tin
bonds of the Union, in establishing a frequent and
rapid overland communication between its Atlantio
and Pacific coaßts."
The education and charitable institutions of the
State are thus noticed :
“The State University is iu a prosperous and
flourishing condition. In this enlightened age it is
unnecessary to dwell upon the great importance of
such an institution in our midst, and 1 cordially com
mend its interests to your fostering cure. The Deaf
nnd Dumb Asylum, Lunatic Asylum, nnd Institu
tion for the Education of the Blind continue tobe
conducted in a satisfatory manner, nnd fully merit
the humnne interest which the State mniiiiesls iu
their preservation and the extension of their benefits
to all deserving objects.*’
Ou retiring, the Government calls attention to the
inadequate salary attached to the Executive office,
aud recommends an advance of tiie salaries of the
other chief officers of the State.
Judging from the tone of this message and other
facts dveloped in the current news of the day, it is
reasonable to conclude that the Stale of Missouri is
increasing rapidly in population and in all the ele
ments of prosperity and weal.— National Intelligen
cer.
The Resolute —Cnpt. Ilnrtstein’s Return.
The following is an extract from a letter from an
American gentleman in London, dated December
19th, which informs us that Capt. Hartstein and his
officers and men will return to the United States iu
the Enclish war steamer ‘‘Retribution’ :
The treated Hartstein with marked atteu
tiou at dinner, and in the drawing room. After
wards, she came up to him and said she wished to
talk with him, and remained in familiar conversa
tion for an hour. On leaving the Isle of Wight,
there was a great display of enthusiasm as the ship
pussed out ot the harbor— the shores were lined, and
the air rang with cheers. We were escorted by a
steam yacht which is always in attendance on the
ship—and the flue steam frigate Retribution, which
was also acting us an escort , and we were towed by
a Government steamer. An Admiralty messenger
is also continually in attendance on the officers.
On arrival at Spitheud the ships saluted, and on
entering Portsmouth harbor the transports were
lined with people, cheering and waving handker
chiefs ; the military bands playing national airs,
and the battery saluting. The Old Victory manued
her rigging aud cheered. There never was such en
thusiasm and exhibition of heartfelt feeling—it is the
event of the day, and is in every one's mouth. The
Government have insisted that the officers shall re
turn in the steam frigate Retribution, and they will
probably leave on the day after Christmas. On
Tuesday Capt. Hartstein is invited to Lord Pal
merston’s country seat. It is to be hoped that on
the arrival of the Retribution our government and
people will do something to convince the officers oi
that ship, and by them the people aud government
of England, of our cordial reciprocation of their good
will aud friendship. Events of this nature happen
rarely and they should not be allowed to pass with
out every nerve being strained to convince the peo
pie of this gn at aud good country of ou* sincere
feelings of respect and a hearty desire to draw more
closely the bonds of union ana friendship.
The Admiralty have «. orne to the almost positive
determination to send out another Arctic expedition
iu search of Sir John Franklin or some of his party.
—A\ V. Jour. Com .
Mexican Justice.
One of our recent California exchanges supplies
us with a case which is a very striking illustration
of the kind of justice that awaits American citizens
in the Republic of Mexico. The substance of this
case is as follows :
Capt. Briggs, of the American schooner Curlew,
fearing lest his vessel should be Heized for debt,
sailed very suddenly, eariy in October, from San
Francisco for the port of Mazatian—so suddenly in ■
tact that though he had cleared at the custom-house,
he had time neither to obtain the Consul's certificate
nor to lay in an abundant stock of fresh provisions
for the voyage. Rough sailor’s sure—good enough
for his own family, who were with him—4ie had no
lack of, but dainties to set before his .passengers
were certainly somewhat scarce. Now it appears
that the said passengers, making no allowance for
the captain’s unfortunate position, wtixed very
wroth at this, and immediately commenced the per
petration of a series of outrages-and insults on him
self aad his family which gradually increased in vio
lence ami ottensiveness till at last they swelled to
open mutiny and rebellion, when Capt. Briggs was
deposed from his command, and imprisoned in his
cabin under a guard, the mate being appointed to
take his place, and conduct the schooner into port.
In due time the Curlew arrived at Mazatian, and
was visited by the Custom House and Harbor Mas
ter’s officers, from whom and the authorities Capt.
Briggs expected at the least an impartial investiga
tion and justice. The Captain would not, of course,
have entertained any such expectation, had he
known aught of Mexican law, or of the feelings with
which the inhabitants of Mexico regard “Ameri
canos.’’ Mexican law, it seems, does not accord an
impartial investigation aud preliminary justice to
the accused, and even if it did, the party tyrants of
Mazatian cotdij not ufibrd to lose so excellent an
opportunity for insulting the Anglo American Re
public in the person of one of it 4 citizens. Hence,
from the first, they affected to give implicit cred
ence to the calumnies and bare faced falsehoods ot
the mutineers. Because the Captain cannot pro
duce his Consul's certificate of clearance, they at
once set him down as a pirate! They take forci
ble possession of his vessel and her cargo! They
drag him from his ship and thrust him into the com
mon jail where the most degraded indignities are
heaped on him, amid the ruffian scoffs of the vilest
felons! While his ease is under investigation, they
den / his triends and fellow countrymen all access
to him, aud forbid him the aid of counsel and wit
nesses! And until he has been indicted for piracy,
and is about to be tried for his life, do they allow
his sympathizers t/> communicate with him and adopt
measures for his defence.
Such is a specimen of the treatment which Ame
rican citizens may expect to receive at the hands of
Mexican authorities whenever they have the misfor
tune to fall into their power. The case of Captain
Briggs is a peculiar hard one, because he is evident
ly innocent of the crime which has beea laid to his
charge. But were he even as great a pirate, buc
caneer, and wrong-doer, as his enemies would have
him, would it therefore follow that he ought to be
subjected to sudh outrages, insults and oppression
as we have above described, in order to gratify the
will and malice of the unprincipled and unfriendly
officials of the petty port of Mazatian ?— N. Yorlc
Tones.
1 »
Singular L<jss ny Fire in a Railroad Car.—
A very singular instance of loss of baggage by a
railroad passenger, occurred on the Erie road. A
lady on her way from Newburgh to spend the holi
days with her friends in New York, had her ward
robe in a carpet bag, which was placed in a rack
over her seat, and not far from one of the ventilla
tors in the top of the car. During the passage there
was a smell of .burnt cloth, which could not be ac
counted for, thhugh it elicited considerable inquiry.
On arriving at'Jeraey City, the lady attempted to
take her carpet bag, whe& she found that instead of
her rich silk robes and line laces, and snowy white
night cap and gown, she had a bag of ashes aud a
mass of black cinders. In short the whole of her
travelling warefrobe was burnt to tinder, but so con
fined had been’the fire, that the cloth had charred
without blazing, but all was totally ruined. Upon
examination the conductor concluded that the acci
dent had arisen from a spark entering through the
ventillator, and calmed the lady’s disturbed mind
by assuring her that he thought the company would
make up her loss, aud asked her to make out a list
ot things destroyed, with their value, which she did
to the amount of sixty dollars, aud to which he ap
pended his statement, aud that was presented at the
Company’s Office, Fire Buildings, and the Trea
surer at once handed her the amount of the damage.
A Noble Fellow.— On the morning of Dec. Ist
four little boys broke through the ice on the lake near
their school house, in Waterville, Wis. The vil
lagers hastened to the spot, but the ice was so thin
that none dared venture to their aid. At this mo
ment, just as the boys were sinking, a young man,
eighteen years of age, named John Adams, sprang
forward, seized a fishing spear, aud leaving most of
his clothes on the bank, plunged into the Take aud
saved two of the boys. He then made another
dash and saved the third. Adams was now almost
exhausted, but the mother of the fourth boy was
standing near,iu horrible agony, and Adams said to
her, “I will save your boy or die.” Tying a rope
around his waist, he told those on shore to pull him
in if he sank, and cried out, “Standby the rope, I
am going to him.” He then plunged in, swam out
some ten rods, breaking the ice with his hands,
seized the boy, who was sinking for the third time,
carried him ashore, and restored him to bis mother’s
arms'
Disasters on the Ocean.— The present winter
has so far been terribly prolific of disasters on the
ocean, and we are almost daily called upon to re
cord in our news columns the lots or abandonment
of vessels at sea. Nearly every vessel that arrives
at this port reports the prevalence of “heavy
w’eather 1 “hurricanes” and “severe gales” during
the passage, and each bears evidence of the fact,
not only on her logbook, but in the shattered con
dition of her hull or rigging. This weather has not
been confined to particular localities, but appears
to have extended over the Atlantic, from the wes
tern shores of Europe to the whole ooast of the Uni
ted States. In the more northern latitudes, how
ever, the number of shipwrecks is larger, and the
sufferings of the crews and passengers have been
greatly augmented by the intense cold. Many of
those who have been lescued were badly frost-bit
ten, while some were frozen to death. —New York
Herald.
ittulru.iu .UeeuiiK iu Warren.
Previous notice having been given, a large and
respectable portion of the oitizens of the counties of
Warren, Hancock and Washington, met at the
Shoals of Ogeeohee on the 3d of January, to take into
consideration a contemplated Railroad running from
some point on the Georgia Railroad via Milledge
viHe to tlie city of Macon, and to appoint delegates
to represent them iu the convention to meet in Au
gus'a on the 13th instant.
On motion of S. R. Culpepper, Esq., Ifon. James
M. Cason was appointed President, Alfred Coursey
and Wm. B. Hall, Vice Presidents, and Col. A.
Beal! ond Muj. M. S. Medloek, Secretaries.
The chairman, upon taking the chair, briefly
stated the objeot of the meeting.
John W. Davis, Esq., then offered the following
preamble and resolutions :
Whereas, we, a portion of the oitizens of the
counties of Warren, Hauoook and Washington,
having assembled at the slum Is of Ogeechee, to take
action in relation to a contemplated Railroad from
some point on the Georgia Railroad, via Milledge
ville to the city of Macon, and believing said Rail
road (if built) can be more advantageously located
iu our immediate neighborhoods, we having lands
abounding iu exoelleut pine timber, and the face of
tlie country sufficiently level not to require a heavy
Slide, and also being a shorter rou'o than any other
at would be eligible between the cities oLAugustn
and Maoon, and having long felt the wantdif proper
facilities for transportation and travel—ana also be
lieving that the link sought to be supplied would bo
profitable to stockholders, as well as quite a conve
nience to our community,
Resolved, That we hail with unmingled satisfaction,
tlie announcement through the newspapers that a
Convention will be held in the city of Augusta, on
13th inst, to facilitate and we trust to take positive
action for the consummation of this important pro
ject.
Resolved, That we will not presume to dictate to
said Convention and the Georgia Railroad Compa
ny. but would suggest l hat the Depot known as
Dealing, would be a suitable starting place in tiio
construct!, u of said Railroad.
Resolved. That this meeingwill do all within its
power to secure untrammeled the right of way for
said Railroad Company
Resolved, That we request Baid Convention to
take early action iu locating the route of said
Road.
Resolved. That wo as citizens will facilitate said
survey when made, with the “necessary aid and
oomfort” to those employed iu its execution
Resolved, That the Chairman of this meeting ap
point twenty-four delegates to represent us m the
Convention, to beheld iu I lie city of Augusta, on
the 13th inst.
After a few pertinent remarks iu support of the
resolutions, by Juo. W. Davis, Esq., and Hon. Adam
Jones, they were unanimously adopted.
The Chair then, in accordance with the 6th reso
lution, appointed tlie following gentlemen as dele
gates, to-wit: M. S. Medloek, Wm. it. ilall, Henry
W. Coleman, Jno. S. Latimer, l’. M. Rachels, T. J.
Dickson, Wm. L. Wilton, Dr. Carswell, Alfred
Coursoy, Wm. Wartheu, Wm. May, T. Burgnmy,
David Cumming, James Harrison, Edmund May,
Richard Wartheu, James M. Cason, Adam Cason.
Wm. A. Seals, Jno. W. Davis, Win. L. Coleman,
James M. Nunn, Jesse R. Beall, and Win. l>\ Briuk
Icy.
On motion of Jno. W. Davis, Ksq.,
Resolved, That the proceedings of this meeting be
published in the Augusta Constitutionalist, and
Chronicle \ Bonlinel, aud thut the Charleston, Mi
lcdgeville and Macon papers, and Central Georgian
be requested to copy.
Dr. Cicero Gibson beii g colled upon, addressed
the meeting in a spirited and stirring speech, in b -
hull of the project.
On motion, the meeting then adjourned sine die.
James M. Cason, I‘rcsd t.
A i.FREii Coursey, ) Vice
Wm. B. Hai.l, \ Presidents.
Auoi'STns Beall, ) „ , .
M. S. Meth.ock, ) Secretaries.
Pay of the Army Officers.— The suggestion
of the Secretary of War in favor of an increase of
pay to some grades of officers of the military ser
vice has met with a ready respouse from the press
and the public. The present rates of pay were es
tablished twenty five years ago, and though then
sufficient, and indeed liberal, they are no longer so.
The advanced cost of living lias brought them down
to a mere pittance, ami reduced those who depend
upon them for support to that most galling of ail
positions—tlie man of refined tastes and wants with
an insufficient income. It is the spirit of our mili
tary establishment to make its officers geutiemen—
they are liberally educated; unit the public expects
from them conformanee to a high standard ol social
excellence. Their profession cut- them off Irani all
the ordinary roads to wealth, and forces them,
whilst spending their best energies iu tlie service of
the country, to rely solely upon their pay, without
the remotest prospect even by years of’service of
accumulating a moderate competency. Tlie pi esent
pay of a captain, a grade that is Beldom reached
under less than ten or fifteen years service, is about
sllO per month, including rations and emoluments.
The lieutenant of course gets still less. Yet iu belli
these grades are to be found men of mature lifewitu
families, themselves forced to meet expenditures
which civilians can avoid, uud withal expected on
this meagre stipend to keep up their posit on as
officers and gentlemen.
The result is, thut the army is losing its best offi
cers, tbe resignations almost constantly increasing
infrequency. Educated men, who iu the course of
their preparatory discipline aud service as officers
have acquired the knowledge aud business tuot
necessary to make their way in the world, however
strong an attachment they may have to the Army,
will not consent to endure the privations demauded,
when they see in civil life so many better opportu
nities for providing for themselves and families. In
this way our railruud companies carry off the engi
neers of the army, and other ofliocra of practical or
scientific attainments find iu various departments of
industrial and scientific labor calls for their services
where they will be better rewarded Hum in that
which they lmd adopted as a life profession. The
resignations from the Army during the last year have
reached to nearly onp hundred, and miles.-. Congress
speedily recognises the necessity of acting promptly
and generously hi the premises, tbe Army will be
deprived of the very- flower of its officers in certain
grades. If they cau dot command a respeol able liv
ing in the service they will seek it elsewhere, and
none can blame them for the decision. Congress
has been just to the Navy iu this matter, it has been
generous to itself and to the civilians iu the employ
of government, and it should not uow hesitate to
extend the needed degree of relief to tbe Army—
Balt. Amer.
A Scene near Rome. —lt was supposed that with
the introduction of railroads, the trade of brigandism
on the high road would be at an end. It appears
not to be the case, however, iu the Papal States, us
the following paragraph from’the offioial paper of
Rome, of the 13th Qf November last, will sufficiently
attest:
We learu that the railway train between Frasca
ti and Rome was stopped by a party of brigands
who, at night, imitating the signal for the stoppage
of the train, brought it to a halt. They immediate
ly secured the engineer and firemen, and then, after
detaching the locomative from the cars, proceeded
with perfect impunity to rifle the pockets and bag
gage of the passengers. A brigand was sta'ioDed
at either end of the cars with loaded muskets, while
their fellows, armed to the teeth, forced the passen
gers to deliver up their valuables. As the people of
tbo Roman States are not allowed to cany arms,
they are at the mercy of the brigands who go armed
to the teeth, and who, with a knowledge of this
fact, do not hesitate to assail people in their bouses.
After this incident, it is to be hoped the government
will at least send an armed guard with the railway
trains for the protection of aefeucelecs passengers.
Cloth in Texas. —lt is known that for some
raenths cotton and woolen fabrics have been manu
factured in our State Penitentiary. It is gratifying
to know that the enterprise is abundant y successful
and beyond all contingency of failure. A letter to
us from General Besser, the Superintendent of the
institution, speaks in high terms of the success of
the scheme ; and asserts, as we also learn from other
sources, that cottons and woolens of a superior
qualify are turned out, such as to supply a consid
erable demand. The supply of ootton is abundant j
in the vicinity of the Penitentiary ; that of wool is *
not so good, but there is an ample supply within
reach, and the product is rapidly increasing.
Already, this effort of the State has had a good
effect. Private enterprise is establishing two or
three factories within our borders, and we confident
ly expect at an early day to see all our osuaburgs,
domestic and coarser woolen cloths made at home.
The people should make it a cardinal point to pat
ronize and sustain every enterprise of the kind. In
this way, step by step, w • shall become more inde
pendent.—(jaJvuUoh Civilian.
Democrct Illustrated.— At the las 4 State elec
tion in Mississippi, the Democratic party succeed
ed in all the Congressional Districts except the 4tb,
which was carried bv the Americans, giving the
latter party only oue-nfth of the Representatives in
Congress, while they polled over two fifths of the
votes of the State. But eveu this inadequate re
presentation was more than the liberal Democratic
Legislature was willing to allow. It has lately
ken Lauderdale, a strong Democratic county,
another District and added it to the Ith, ho
overcome the Americ an majority and depr;
party of any Representative at all in
This is the party that vapors so greatly about
Nothing proscription, and pretends to uphold tHK
equal rights of all classes and of citizens of
party. Well might the French statesman have ex
claimed, “O Democracy! how many crimes are com
mitted in thy name !"—Columbus Rnrj.
Maryland Finances.— The fiscal year of the
State of Maryland ends on the 30th of September,
and the Comptroller’s report is required to oc made
to the Governor, in the recess of the Legislature,
witbiu ten days of the first Wednesday in January.
The Baltimore Sun, however, has been informed, in
advance of the ofiic.al report, that the finances of
the State are in a very nourishing condition, and
that, notwithstanding the reduction of the rate of
the direct tax lrom fifteen to ten cents in the SIOO
and the repeal of the stamp-tax law at the last ses
sion, there has been au increase iu the reveuue
over that of th- previous year. There is said to be
a balance in the treasury, from the recei ,es of last
year, of about $238,000, which, added to the surplus
remaining of the previous year, gives a total sur
plus in the treasury of nearly $600,000, being about
$592,000. The receipts of the State fur the year are
about $1,230,372, aua the disbursements ebout sl,-
003,293. The total receipts from licenses for the
year ending September 30tb are nearly a quarter of
a million, being about $238,470, of which, however,
about SIO,OOOO are from stamps reoeived previous
to the repeal of the stamp-tax law. The revenue
from one fifth of the receipts from passengers on
the Washington branch of the Baltimore and Obi .
railroad is s73,o69j— Nat. Intel.
Louisville, Jan. 2.—The gorge at Twelve Mile
Island moved a mile and a half this morning, carry
ing all the steamers along in the same position they
occupied previously, except the North Star. She
wa6 crowded out ou the shore ice, but is considered
safe unti l that goes. The Superior is planted broad
side, in rather a ticklish situation, but must move
with the gorged ice, which is at least twelve feet
thick, a distance of four miles, and accumulating
above.
A Wonderful Man.—There is said to be living
on the Western Reserve, in Ohio, a man about 46
years old, whose joints are comoletely turned to
bone, who cannot make the slightest movement, ex- / i
cept opening and shutting two fingers of his J
hand. His body is as rigid as iron, and could u(J m
be bent backward or iorward without breakijjF m
some of his bones. This process ot ossificatkr •>
which has been foing ou for twenty years, if
menced in his ankle joints, and gradually extelT
through his whole system, till he became ei# JH
helpless. He converses fluently, is cheerful,ahu
pears contented and happy. *
Buffalo, Jan. s.— The examination of Dr. Bieg
ler closed on Saturday afternoon, when coroher 1
Nott committed him, on the charge of murder to
await the action of the grand jury. The prisoner’s -
counsel immediately took out a writ of habeas cor
pus, returnable this morning. Owing to the absence
of the Judge the hearing was postponed until Tues
day.