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(k|rowdt & Jsenfintl. t’orrcspo ntimet of the Holtrmrrt Amenta*. THIKTY-HH RTH ( ftVJRIWW I —^ IN SENATE - J “ 5 Mr. Ma.on, of Va., acted in the V'Uoc of Mr Bright, a* President pro torn of the Senate, toe lat tei Heine absent from tb* eity. Mr Cara ottered a resolution which was adopted calling on the Secretary of War for further lnforma tnvn r.-peetin* the St CUfit Fiat*, and aaking what amount, if any additional *p| rnpnatioii w3l be re Qiiired for the said work. _ - The bi'l for the aetUemoot of the pay ot othoera ot the Revolutionary army, their widow* and orphan* having been tahen up— . . , Mr Seward made a Img speech in eup e-r. of that monenri, quoting largely from foe ‘•‘“•t. j* Wa hnurton to show «!»•• circninvtaooe* attending the original aik-wanoe, and drawing ,l “r=f r om a cnerei that the amount involved to that WH, being aiiont two and a half mtlhone of dollars, U jW Mr Pub opppaed the bill » the commcooecimnt of a system ot. itrsraganoe. No final action was taken on the measure i<r. B jtler. from the committee on the judiciary , made .1 report against the right of Mr Harlan to a aunt In the Senate from the State of lowa. The Senate then adjourned. HOCSK An ineffectual motion to enable the ronumtteee 10 make report* for reference only wra made. On motion of Mr Valk.-. reaolution waa adopted rr .qti€«tin2 the Pr«*rid«nit of the United State* to in . form the House by what authority be employ* a Ho vernment architect for designing and erecting pub lie hu:. ling*, and placing the same under the euper intetidance of military engineer- Mr (j. it man vainly «t rove to report a bill increas ing the pay of officer? of the anoy. Mr \V at bridge moved a suspension of the rule# In order to enable him to introduce a reaolution ran king the subject of the Pacific Railroad the special order for the 14th of January. The motion did not prevail—}'eae iU, nay* lOh, a two third vote being necessary for that purpose After other bnaineaa ot no general importance the House adjourned IN SENATE Mr. Caw called the Senate to order, and remark ed that the flr»t business in order was the election of a president riro tem. Mr. Hale What i* the occasion t \| (a- Because we bavr-'t any. iLaughter.l ¥ o , motion of Mr Hnnter, the Senate proceeded to the election—Mr Maeon receiving JO vote*, Mr. Foot 11, and Mr, Weller 1 Blank 2. Mr Harlan moved that the Senate proceed to the « , i tiernlion of tb* report of the committed on the judii i.try relative to hi* claim* to a neat a* Senator Mi Pratt tiu*ted the rabjeet would not now be e&i.iidereti. Many fact* were involved in the de i«n*fi of th»« cane, audit wan important that they thoroughly under*food. The Senator from Geor iria V! i. I oombal l»a<i intimated bin intention to mud uni a mi »or'Ky report, and he should like to *ee the anruments on both aide* before proceodm* to a due i 'jYximbs, Miter remarking that there wao not « uuvl»- oontfovtried fact in tho whole caas, naid <nd only difference of opinion relative to th inat . whm based upon tiie application ot the law to odiniHe<l on all hands So far a» the view* . ti • minority of the committee were, concern *-il. he could eipresx them a» well verbally a* in W preferred that the subject be laid ever till to morrow. Having been absent from tl„ city In- had no opportunity to examine the <l "m - l larlan said it should be remembered the pro tent „f the Senate of lowa ha-1 been before the - , i,„«rly two yearn AH fie members of Hie 1 , t ,.' 0 u the judieiarv hutl ba-1 ample time to inv«--ir»te the subject, if they chose to do no.— Another reason why it wan desirable to have the qa.-nic.i. settled a» .ooii a* possible, wasthat the I -irinlature >f lowa wa* now in session, having convened on the first Monday .of December, and tl.eir term is limited hy the constitution to fifty ip. Butler wan in luvor of proceeding to a deoi flnn of Ihe question forthwith. He stood in a posi tion ofnttet indifference as regards the gentleman who « M to lie affected by the result, and approacb ed lie -abject nolely on it* merits. The govern , „f lowa consisted ofa legislature composed of a Senate and Housoof Representatives. The Se-na tois hold their term for a longer period than the members of the House, and are fewer in number, but are recognized by the constitution as a sepa rnt„ and distinct part of the legislature. The bring a more numeroun body, iu matters of must have a preponderating influence, and l,e-.!i. Ihe concurrent action of tho senate Waa re ** "lie'staled the reason whio'i influenced the ina i, rilv of the committee in coming to the con -lusioii !„„• Mr. llarlan wit- not duly elected. _ llieae were, in bri. f. that the Senate, at a hotly, dirt not attend that meeting iu a joint convention at which Mr. Harlan waa elected, and their teller waa not there I,- reunirert by law. The Senate had adjourned i- ,r and there was no Senute in suasion at lb* tium. A majority of Senator* were prwent in their inrtividual capacilv, but the Senate aa a body waa ~ , h,-i e Ihe President of the Sens te, the regular rre-u.'ii'g officer of the Joint convention, was not ii r-e.-nt, and tho convention elected a president I turn. These irregularities vitiated the conCen- Mr. Toombs contended that tip- Legislature of lowa was composed of the members of the Senate House of Representatives, ana upon those In dividuals wus devolved Hie constitutional duty of electing a Senator of the United States, in the man nor prescribed by the constitution of lowa. The joint convention consisted of inotnbers who com p.sedthotwo legislative bodie*, and as soon as they met in joint convention, the distinction hereto tore existing bet ween them as membais of different bi mcbes wss obliterated. Their names were ar ranged In alphabetical order on one list. Henoe the absence or refusal to participate in the proceedings, on ttie part of any number less than the majority of the whole uumber of members composing the joint convention, could not invalidate the doings of the convention. He thought the fraudulent and fac tious conduct of those Senators in lowa, who Bought to defeat the election and frustrate the will of jibe people of lowa', uughttd bWcoudCirOind .bythiHioay •4;id by the entire American people. Mr' Benjamin wished to know whether it was competent lor one branch of the State legislature to elect a Senator to Congress. The constitution of the United Slates declares that Senators shall be elected liy the State legislators and the State lena laturee consist of twin branches, from which it fel lows that the constitution requires Senators to be firmed by those two branches currently. Mr. Toombs replied that suoh a constitution would reuder iu valid the election of a great many Sepa ters, because many Senators b*f h«ld their seats armtist the itinjority of one braocli ot their State leg fp w' lalature. , . Mi . Pugh argued In support of the constitutionali ty of Mr. Harlan's election, and concurred in the lan unconstitutional. Jjjjjteg&fe* w 1 - . - Mr. Bayardobtained the’MHrj., Ji-'o. Mr. Fish Witroduoee a bill mwKltg appropriation* for tiie l emotal of Diamond Reef and CeentieS In Nd# y«*k harbor. . i The senaic then mjjawjacd. l . HOUSK Mr. Boyce gave notice- of the auhendursiit he in tends offering s the tariff biU.- He gropoeja that from and after January, iSM’.aU goods, ware# and merchandise, aui other products subject under th* sg>... exiting law to pay a duty of ih) per caul, aboil coo ■.JP ' * tinUe to be admitted at tWtatc s Mid that tea and coffee bointftudadin tibeyatiio rcbedule . jjgagsa ■n... an in our pMßUmcnfcp ' |J|“, fiftlfo of the jtootiQu Ims quieted the public mind auil we m&rTfc well, even now, when the storm Is over anil He danger past,' to review tlicm. HucougratulatM the country, the House and even the Speaker, on the rpsiiit of tlje election, winch has made the people everywhere Ijfeathe freer and sti mulated the arts of peace. There were differences of opinion a* to what was decided 111 this contest, while some-thought that nothing was decided But it had beepdecided that Congress shall impose no restriction with Tem toriee, edrfar n - slavery is cvnoernea. This Issue was. boldly nmde hy one ride mjd as fairly aniTaoatously met on the other, . ■ Hr Stephens took for grouted that the priucipleq of the Kansas Nebraska act were endorsed twj*. verdict of the people in the Presidential «MmP| R however, contained 11* such idea as squatter ' sovereignty. There was no recognized, indepen dent sovereignty in the people ot the territories. Ho rejoiced the mere in toe emlorsemeat of that aet because the boast was made on that floor, by the people of the North, who would never sustain it, and 1 because its friends were taunted be> atiseao few a mem hers frem the North advocated ita principle*. lie rejoiced though there be but eighteen friends 0/ .tl e Rinvas Nebraska bill now in the House from the North He believed that forty-nine had been ret rn-al from that section to the next Coogtees— The Kansas Nebraska act merely carriedout the compromise measures of 1850, to which both whigs and democrats pledged themselves in their subse quent national con volitions. • With regard to the territories Cougress had only a right to pass needful rules and regulations relative to lends ; and under the eiause of the'constitution which cornets this power they cannot exclude slaves or white men. The domain "is left free for settle ment bv tbs people-of all the States, iu equal enjoy ment, until Congress, iu virtue of the constitution, shill admit them into the Union as a State, with sov ereign power and on equal looting with the original Stii-' r** *: According to the compromise of 1850, the Missou ri restriction we» inoperative, henoe the necessity of , making that declaration. Mr. Campbell, id Ohio, snquited whether he un dersiood Mr Stephens to take the ground tint the N. ! ;ut k-1 and Kansas act removed the restriction *t s...verv freui Minnesota and ail otherTerrf f tones ? Ml Stephens related that the Missouri restric tiou was declared null and void vheiover it had ex- V *Mr. < CampbeU wished to know whether Mr. Sto pbeoa understood the repealing clause extended beyond the territorial limits of Nebraska and Kats uas 1 Mr. Stephana replied hsundtaratood bv the deola ration that tha Missouri watriefluß was inconsistent with the compromise snesswes of 1830, *od there fore it was pronowofSd null and void, ton* emtineti not to one place more than another, -i In the course of his retnetita he sard Mr Csrap be", two years 1-elore. had fCtafeked there vould not be another Ksn-.-s and NibrsAs Majority in tb's House. H« had appealed tti-ffcapeople who had denied against him anti bin faitfs This re minded Mr Stephens of the Wryer whn wishes! to sp-ik in court after his case wsa decided. The Judge told him he could not do so, whereupon the lawyer tab} t "I was not arguing"!®® question, but only cursing the decision.'' So it was with the gen tleman of Ohio [ Laughter 1 Mr. Campbell replied, in that trial of Ibecaae there was falee testimony on this vary prindpie.— The witnesses on one side claimed that Hie Nebras ka sot meant cue thing and 'the witnesses on the other aide swore it meant something entirely diffo • rest. Mr. Stephens. I suppose the gentleman from Ohio was one of the witnesses and soma of the pan pie of hie distrirt did not believe hi* testimony. — 1 SJ ? Stephans said he had never advocated that bid us x tiouihern, but as a national Constitutional mvarurv Atttwigh he should liks to see Kansas ado-iitad into the Union as a slave State ha thought ’ there was no such probability. Not only the laws of cl mate and production but those of popula tion, would prevent it, and so of the other Tbrri Mr Davfs, ot Maryland, remarked that gentle m«u had «-eeutially differed on pubbo questions, and the result was an aecewikn of doubt upon doubt and confusion worse confounded, until he who should attempt to read the p ist from the debates, would tied himself with authorities for any opinion, arc testimony for any fact. As *0 who opened this de 1 lit* there was scarcely a question. It was open ed b the President in bis annual message. He did not design to follow this extraordinary docu B men:, or either its reason- or statements. Nor y| would he imitate the spirit 01 bitterness which runs thii.tlgfa it. 1 lit quoted the remark from the message—"As Benawts represent the States of the Union, and members represent their several constituencies, the , B president represents the aggregate population of , the United titatea.” Napoleon Bonaparte said to , W the Deputies of hi* Chamber—“ Yon represent | nought bat your several commune#. I represent ' ihe greet etticn.” Id Republican America w# < he*, e s President proclaiming that he represents the , | people of the Cniuoi tea attamptmg to belittle the , Senile and House of ftmrsaenUtive. It. waa so be regretted that the President, smarting so severely under the Mignalioti of his northern friend*, who rolled up their condemnation against hi* pel cy, should htte *» far forgotten,the propne tiea'of his atatioa to terodao* a barshuess of lau guage heretofore unkouurn in uny Executive doou menu lWrot'. idcas aa to what the people decidiiin the Presidential election, be Mr Davis said the late oooteat shows that a ina jority ot the peopia have eooddfnoed the democratic party That a majority are against the Kansas and Nebraska act; agaujdt Franklin Pierce and the principle* of hia adoftenfau; and that a mmonty of the people desire ta see Mr. Buchanan President. That minortly prefer that the u*i*ting rule shall be continued four years tapgur, and that a majority be forehand condemn hi* administrat .on Farther, that Mr Buchanan hacMiil to battle for hi* maj--ri ty in this House, on d|pt* depends his power to carry out any pnis-ipleauttied, or which bw detno eratsc friends suppesu settled In the recent con th> increase of demooSSStfgreember- to the next Con grea* was in conaeffo<te|«f division- in other par ties. A death wound ■■teen inffirted on thereat and proud democratio? Ihsty, which thought itself invincible, bnl now. —aa than scotched, wriggles on to final disw-iutionififfr. Davia spoke of the dif ferent in- i-rprftatkrfttßron to the Kars** and Ne > braaka act 1/v the NcfHten and Sonthern wing* of the Democratic of the peace 1^«W: drive every u 1 , os we Ig '* be paa*ed t as after which the Tiie President to the reply 1 vV,rk! NewfotiudlanflßtendqnTelegrartli Com , paoy. in which the informed that con tracts lia\ e been manufacture of mud . marine cables U> of Kurop** fwowi 1 anSßßw*- 11 for h i [ the fourth of July nex^Mp Ab the work liaß UadHipbßeciiteu thus far with out American capital, iVam from tbit Aumimstru tion, lo ascertain the of the enterprise, it is the earnest desire secure to the Government of the equal privileges with those Sf-.xbe British (lovern* * ment. BE.. . f . ~ Iu this desire th6tftSHß CBKnnsßioner of the r*u • i(lish Treasury hav-Ajfi|BflHß n most libeiwspint, . by providing that th«fc»tOovernment shall have r a priority in the c-onvj»kfe $ then messages over 1 all others, subject to Ax«pou only of the Gov - eminent of the CniteßMlKin the event ot the entering into an arr&teßiufcwt with the Cdnipauy binoilar in j the British Govern ment—in which caitfMKaWlgMgeH of the two C4ov i emments shall in fh' order in which they arrive at the sfiejWh I’he American directel Wty that they cannot f doubt the res* rvatio»JM<% in favor of the Lmted . Btat«-b will be deen*ffiSf' g»»t moment , and there e fore ask the take such action in the premises as he may deew tb«' interests 6f this go ,l vermneut la «J->. P The oompany W§|«KJioUM>n(xact with the go lf vernment of the U ou the same terms 1 and conditions as wi^|BL| s ft*itiHli government.— - Such contract, they sMOie will fall within the mo vision of the (’oustttMMgln regard to postal ur r rangements, of which only a new and approv- Q ed form. Her Mtipuffig «mrcrument engage to lurnish aid by ships the-cable, and it is sug i gested that our 1 war steameis are the very best to business. To avoid a cable the Com \ puny request the such a recom -9 mendation to r The President but h merely submits the the proposition ot ,- the Lords reply of Mr. Marc-y t accompanies the t Mr. Weller reiiort»g»g> increase the pay of . the officers of the notice that he should call it up at anr9kl»|U' f The election case was P resumed. Mr. Bayard argued the right of Mr. Har ,f . lau to his seat WbeuMe two integral bodies are to perform any Uflwißt be present at a b time, or it cannot done. In the present case, It w*|f?Spwft<?d that the Senate of - lowa, as a body, rtidin the election, nor did a quorum ojwMHijlJjreivote On the occasion, t therefore Mr. liarfor by one branch of the Legislature. 9^’ 8 Mr. Foster took in favor of Mr. Harlan's right ttgjteaEfi£ f The President »siHHKitflteMed a letter from the t Hon. Hannibal his scat as a .Semi g tor from the State oTftgfai*, The Senate adjotWH^^^May- The tu'eßQiae message f was resumed. Mr. ‘ag the ilpor was particularly severe and the views ,l expressed in ■ ° r Mr. Sauditfoe, -fftjtrltegfl a few remarks le ' or^e " d ,a ! graphic of the govern meat in its fprew# tewcowfii It authorizes the J" aid'ofrile a ilSuia rine cable t-rcim»e<* extetepMssraphs. between - shalj ffMh In'to- a jik n W exi i d 1 t>tnnijjiwii , i>|pf»'li|jpi)! ihi'ilTnil 1 States. invalid ■■ e The SwßHHaiwtrii- Uhw ejijfcuk-ratn '0 ot t 1 <• te «Vf'< ' ' o- Itfriv&eT iu tavor ot Mr n tUAut'S rtg>r|«teA»n that e lute e htewHnghe iteittnwht v u t« the ic a twllyillijil (I WMMh-' »<>t a I-egtslativr act. ie hat mUfe? aa whirh had been rte i. >.rt vyWjtS gth* l flitdwßtN f wt4hu Legislature n Whl-n thev jhsrf-jihjildie dutyjt was ill joint coil ns venttan, th«'itidifWteJ|gtdHi*-'.l|»o houses being i- merged and VMqf’. Mr. Stgait elect ion was 1:- biusoMtituiioMt, II eoimiur:. emi ' Juili.-iil.y 18 tt. but no i a res. - a I luthllitek'.'r«sl*.*i|SSte 'President to AT eoifenWefteatelie -S«»atw teb hUhrmation us - j may h»0B jpMjrab IMtpatWis-at of State relatri < IT to toe inharffUitoee ut in the Car i- rlbbmm aafOMtei*. WMj>u«tert>OTerainent with American dittos ns nhfi iu the occu ■t paney of said and en e gaged in collecting giillMi|ll Jljffiinti ■ , Uient having foldbty-mMMjMfr said American r citizens from their lawful s-fijnovt„ c Ae-; ~ • l. Ottmmuihcate what have been taken, if 'f an- .py t.ie ,vi. runiswjgr ttsitoMtcd States to .-»• ii tmn redress from tiie awrna'mn*(W of Yenexuelu a Adjourned ta Hotel t e Tho House passed tiw-tHi private bills, and s was about,.to adjourn wWSUIQt. jKelsey introduced a - subject which caused aHfttetdtement. He pre . seated it as a question}—isCage. first causing to y be read at the k'ierkjbjHfe 4»'-lAoitorial from the e New York Times, ofWMMhknt. which charged it members of Congress antliJMsby'agents with gross s corruption, mentioning W fcfinesota land bill in - the connection, and aajtet tt*t evidence can be - produced to carry convmtfibto every honest heart , —that toe criminals sboatetodriven from the high - places which they have ikhoaored Mr. Kelsey 1 reciirke.i that toe (harMAtenined in this article appeared to have been awed on a letter from this - city to the Times. .jg f Under ordinary cirAm(pß||fceS it Irould, poi haiis, be vaate of-toae ta nsMffißtfetW -Of this character appearing in newepaper*. , Bul the editor of the ) Times occupied a paaqioa .hfefete the country which i entitled BiMtektataetekteEMß. If he is in the possession iTme fonts'be UHtbi charges, he should sub.itantiath UimWtests am-mmittee ai this bouse that the memtxawwho teMlm pifT of the conduct - shouldbv teaßßraf-"jM the case now agai:.-: . .»■■; - Jjn ugih*r | with cut* Into a «n»loombinate| fb* of pas-iug I and ot poritoating measure* I appci»lS#lk» the Si*tteT*»h Bowers -.-mi tor j ***T7lf a ^B ■ J takea. and wtwt acaqjpjpjr jndgm-■ nt i- neces- I ou P* rt tritliMt urine---* sary I * r - I witf'Arhether I ought to say anything w to® IJ>OT_frtdbtn* about that I <>t>o ° t a!IJ tiemau. ;CrwT^•j^BKßte^w , '!»U>od ou; The reason why I Afc; ariL ansonn-'e it .to the House was that pandnito thaArganization of this body when a member tesig#* place and stated to tamper with him for lAvdStar speaker, the oifv credit he received was tefoMßn* langbeo at. and it was eba-ged that h» te-IKlßeoept toe proffered bribe because there iteip profitable place to lie had. Isay distinctly, th«?fi»re hno want of troth in-the allegation ofiisteiß to the Tunes' arti cle. A distinct propeteoatips Made to me by a member of this House, ia nas£ad to the Minnesota land bill. and that ft,afll vynM be given in con sideration of » vote for tbatdfii. If the proposed committee shall be raised, abophm called on as a witness. I shall give arphiK hA. K. Marshall. I aha sttMady unwilling to ! base the action of the MteMnebargea mad* in , any newspaper of toe determined to vote against the resolution, btp now toe position of affairs is totally different A member has M1 nou ic ed that there is troth in the aatfeb. He state* this of his own knowledge, a p-opoeitkm having been made to him On tha aIaMMM etee we should base our action. Ido noh wtob to bring the New ( York papers into that tort of rtsoentabuity which f ouramicn on their oonduet world bestow Sncfc r oensamptib!* thing# should not be so honored. < X j Mr Phelps If I understand correctly, the j charges read from the Times were made iu toe edi torial columns ofthat paper. I learn that the editor pf the Timer was an ex-Lieutenaat-Governor of New York, and when gentlemen of such -landing make such charges, I ask Whether it is not worth our while to make the inquiry, especially after the state ment of the gentleman from North Carolina. Mr. A. K. Marshall, resuming I don’t care what character tbe editor had—l don't care whether he was Lieutenant-Governor, or Governor, or not— Partisan editors are influenced, are oontrolled by positions and intereot which do not control men in other pursuits. I ask whether it does not more be come onr character and dignity, to base our action ou the statement of one of our own members, rather than on that of an ex Lieutenant Governor or Governor or that of an editor of a paper. There have been other matter* and intimations tjrown out beside* those in the editorial article. A distinct charge has been made of an attempt to corrupt the members of this Honee Let the Committees in quire into all the alleged corruptions I suppose Uic resolution i« *ufficientiy broad for that pur- P °Mr Campbell, of Ohio. During the past eight veers it has been rov iot to Berve at this House, and I'have generally been preeent when important votes were taken With but a single exception, I have voted for bills granting lands in alternate see tior.,- for railroad purposes. ] have given mv rea sons for so doing on former occasions. We are startled now bv the gentleman from New York who sends to the Clerk'- desk an editorial article from the New Y'ork Times. The gentleman from Mis aouri (Mr. Phelpsi attempts to dignify it by saying that it was written by an Ex Lieutenant-Governor Os the State of New Y'ork. It is. however, at beet, bnt an article from a news paper. I don't care whether it comes from the West orthe East every intelligent member of this body .•ught to have learned that it is not becoming in the Congress, especially during a short ses sion like this, when bills affecting the interests of the whole country are at stake, to stop and inquire in to charge* of inis kind, which are based solely on the idea that some editor or assistant, or newspaper "penny-a-liner.' has seen fit to malign this body HaviDg felt, in my own person, within the last two years, the weight of assaults of this kind, oc cupying the reiations I do to this body, or the coun try, I should not favor the investigation predicated on the charge made by the-writer, through manu factured rags and lampblack and oil. were it not for the statement distinctly made by the gentlemen from North Carolina. 1 concur with the gentleman from Kentucky Ylr. Marshal] that this places the whole matter on a different footing. As the gen tleman from North Carolina says he knows there was a proposition of corruption made to him, I am for the investigation. I move to amend the pream ble, by adding “and whereas, a member of this House has stated/m his own authority that the arti cle is not wanting in truth.’’ Mr. orr. i think this debate is an unue essary consumption of time. Charges of a similar charac ter have been so frequently made relative to the members of Congress, I think the whole of them should now be investigated. Ido not see how the House consistently with its dignity and self-respect can refuse an investigation, aftei the statement of the gentleman from North Carolina. It is due to the character of this body and our constituents, that the enquiry should be as broad as possible. If true the editor of the Times can give information in sup port of the charges. The House wiil have authority and the right to require him to come here and testi fy. [Voices “That's right" your right.] Mr. Grow. I agree with the gentleman from South Carolina (Mr. Orr) that a grave charge direct ly made by the editor of a newspaper of any char acter or position, on the integrity of a deliberative body is a proper subject lor investigation. There fore I raise no question ae to its propriety while I would not stop to notice newspaper inuendoes. Mr. Houston. I understand thß editorial arti cle is based on the Washington letter of its cor respondent, one who is admitted here as a matter of privilege. Mr. Grow re-umed, and in reply to Mr. I’alne, wh@ had referred to Mr Pearce, of Pennsylvania, approaching Mr. Millward, pending the election of Speaker, to induce the latter to vote for Mr. Banks, said the fact simply was that both of these gentle men made statements to the House, from which it was seen that there was a misunderstanding be tween them; whether it was a jest or joke of the day, or whether Mr. Pearce’s remarks were serious ly meant, was the question. While Ms Millward regarded the matter as serious, the other denied sucli an intention. The House seemed to draw the conclusion that it wae a playful pastime of the morn ing. Mr. Brooks. It is all important to the honor and dignity of the House that this matter be investiga ted. The duty of appointing the committee should not rest on any individual, i wish net to impugn the fait ness of the Speaker, and it ie proper to say that I have no such intention. I wish simply to throw the onus on the House— elects cum , mittee to-morrow to investigate till the charges of corruption which have been brought to the notice of . the House, and the ooinmittce will be empowered to send fm persons and papers. Mr. Walker. I can have no distrust of the Speak , er. 1 take it, he lias as just an estimate of the dig . uity and honor of the House as any other member. , Gentlemen have fallen into a great mistake. Where charges are made involving the fairness of our ac tion, or the fairness of our votes, wc lose sight of our own personal dignity, if We fail to look at the source whence they emanate. I don’t care wheth er they came from the lowest and most miserable of [• all species of partizaii newspapers, or men of high , position; it is sufficient that a charge has been made against me and my fellow-members on this floor ; f and therefore the proposition of the gentleman from . New Y'ork, (Mr. Kelsey.) is the one on which we should base our action. , My first impulse was to move the expulsion of the corresoondent of the Tim is without dignifying him by an investigation, but when the charges were en , dorsed by the editor, the case was changed. Let , OU r action be prompt and conclusive. , Jlr. Benton, perhaps it is due to myself to say f something before the resolution is voted upon, for the reason that it is understood or known by all the members of this House, that the Minnesota 1 land bill has been placed in my hands alone. As a member of the Committee on Public Lands, f for examination and report, I have acted on this as on other subjects, and will receive information from ; men residing in Minnesto, acting independent on ' every proposition which may be submitted. As to w' ether any influence has been exerted upon any member of the Committee with a view to favorn able action, or efforts made to induce other mem bers to vote for or i gainst the bill, I know not.— s But I huve this to say with regard to inyself. No s man, either in-or out of this house, has had the cour -6 age or dared to approneh me on the subject, in any way to influence my vote one way or the orther. » And I say, in the face of this correspondent, I am - nearly always in my room when lam not here.— These chargee have no foundation in fact within the i- limits of my knowledge. Therefore it is due me, e personally, that an Investigation should take place. And not because an irresponsible newspape, thus juuahras the members of this body; for, if any class .of ihdiyidunls deserve to be treated with contempt |p by the members of this House, or if not with cor .tempt, should excite their commisseratiou, it is that poor miserable olass that bang round tbishallin the e shape of demented fragments of humanity, tor the 0 purpose of gathering up every whisper and word, ~ ayen in private, conversation, and circulating it e throughout the land. I Mif.Cliileman. .'There seems to be no difference a in thm'qpiniot; of this House as to-the propriety of this r iuyeatlgatiqn ; -And I prefer that the committee shall a have as brohd a field as the different propositions B wtfl adftut: i tiops Therefore that the orignal reso- B I«tisn with the pending amendment, will be adopted. ■I do%ot concur with my friond from South G’aroli ,, Ina', (Mr. Bi;ooiks) jthat we shall elect the committee, if This bafcupy several days. I hope he will not prektf biYMiefiament, * " ''' ■*' c, » Mr. Paine,. Ido n6t know that it is necessary to k . indicate my i-out ■ I stated a simple -fact, known B ,to every member of the House, that when, during *. tne election of fjpeahw, a member rose in displace e . ami charged spottier member with attempting toin te uflimnoe his vote by promising him a lucrative place "tnjiiifof the' committee#, he was only laughed at li foiaqnktßg the announcement. - Shortly after 1 was „ . Aipffi'opi bed in the manner 1 have stated. I in lotted fronjrTspieesee (Mr. Sneed) of [. ' shp facts m (he case, but toKHiim I would ikit .paine u toe member. : , - ' * - , . „ JHllßneedJiow obtained the floor and corrobore-’ J ceinber when Mr. Paine gurfh him information similar tojiiftt of which the House fa already in poa e session. He asked Mr. advice, and Mr. Sneed innocently referred him to the case -at the r, . commencement of the piesent session of Congress, J namely—that between Mr. Pearce of Pennsylvania, e and Mr. Millward, relative to the Speakership. Mr. ~ Paine informed lnm among other things, that a eer • tain member came to his seat and asked, him if he ,! could not give his confidence to him . and that he - granted-it supposing nothing wroDg. It wae then t . tbAt the bill was offered. , Mr. Sneed advised Mr. Paine without compromis ing his own honor to await events, obtain the neees „ sary evidence of the corrupt proposition, and then tt expose the member ; and Mr. Sneed further said to _ Mr. Faiue Chat he would slap the scoundrel in the e face ; and Mr. Paine left Mr. Sneed with the im pression on th* mind of the latter that he would a adopt that course. Mr. Sneed was certain as to the conversation taking place on the 23d of December, for he made a written statement from memory.— 3 [Cries from various directions “Read it," "Read it," , but Mr. Sneed replied, I will not read it. a Mr. Brooks here withdrew his amendment that - toe committee be elected instead of appointed by the > Speaker. Mr. Orr-again urged an investigation in order to - ascertain all the facts in the case. - Mr. Staunton said that there could be but one l result. From what has taken place, no doubt the * House will order the investigation. 1 move the pre f vious question. I Loud aud prolonged cries of “ That’s right,” “Hold on to the motion.’’] Mr. Sneed. Let us vote down the amendment.— [Cries ill stentorian tones of “No, no!’ “Question, . question ”'] Mr; Ready, amid the confusion, said be thought the resolution was too indefinite. He wanted t-o iu , eert the words, “New York Times.” , Mr. Washburn, of Maine, objected, saying : —Let [ the inquiry be general. , During great confusion the demand for the pre , vious question was eeoouded. , Mr. Campbells amendment to the preamble, namely ; “Whereas a member of this House ha* , ttatea the article is not wanting in truth was agreed to. and the original resolution with this amendment was adopted bv acclamation. Mr. Barksdale wished to amend by directing that an inquiry be made whether any member of thie House has sold or speculated in hoot* purchased for distribution. [Laughter and a voice ; “also inquire whether any member has sold his seat."] Objection was made to the introduction of Mr. Barksdale’s amendment. Severai members ex claimed. “Let itgoon the reoord." The House then adjourned. Oct at Last.—An oid man named Gregg, who has been confined iu Fauquier county Jail since the first of October, 1846, for debt under the old law, was released ou Christmas day by jaiior Cross, , there being nothing left iu the hands of tha law to ,pay his tail expenses. We learn that this man had jweffarty enough to pay toe ikb* that he preferred spending hi* weary hoars within the gloomy walls of the county prison t« paying the debt which be oued. The penwn who had him oonfined has been dead some years, hut we iaarn put a provision in his will appropriating a sufficient amount to keep him in Itmtoas long as he lived.— Some how or other this stipulation has given ont. and of course Gregg becomes free again. When he left the jail door he appeared to be perfectly bewil dered, and did not know which way to travel, but in a short time te became folly conscious of his freedom, and strutted about with toe air of some Who knew what liberty used to be in "by-gone days.”—KWrcstn (»*.) HYfa. The xew Frescoed Koojc is the Capitol Ex tensioh.—ln toe Senate Naval Committee room of the extension will be found a series of six pictures iUnstrative of our naval history, painted by George R. W«*t, of this place, viz : Battle of the Constitu tion and Goerrier -, PerTv’s Victory on Lake Erie . Cutting out of the Philadelphia in the port of Tri .poii, by, Decatur : Violation of the Neutrality Laws by Great Britain, in the destruction of the Priva teer General Armstrong in the port of Faya!; En gagement of the Bon Homme Richard and Serapis. and the Launch of the Minnesota at the Navv Yard. Wash. NPar. Social Life is New York.—The Boston Trans cript notices the increase of extravagance in New Y’ork. and says there is a strong feeling of a neces sity of reform : only people of absolute wealth can meet the prevalent standard of expense requisite to entertain on a handsome scale ana maintain a fash ionable establishment : the consequence is that some of the most conscientious and most gifted have re- j tired from toe field. Money has becom* a social criterion each as we scarcely recognize in Boston and Washington -, “part.es' have degenerated toon institution for matrimonial speculations, and the mature, the intelligent, the individuals who resour ces make them independent of generai society of | which the}- are notwithstanding the best ornaments, j have grown indifferent and seek at the chib, the , opera, over their quiet book or in some favorite j domestic circle, the recreation they need.— Ru-h- ( mond Dispatch. , “Ma, was it Windsor Castle that Mary Queen of 1 Soots wae confined in I” asked little Anthony Au- t gustos of bis mother. “No, my son. not Queen Ma- t ry, but Queen Victoria ; she, poor thing ha* been { eonffnad Tn that east]* repeatedly. t —— a— — ■ Pcitn»vlv*ala State Affair*. * From the Message of Got. Pollock, «übmltted to the Pennsylvanian State Leginlature on Wednesdav we extract the following in relation to the financial affair* of the State : The financial condition of the Commonwealth ie highly satisfactory Every demand upon the treasury hae been promptly met and paid, without the aid of loan* The operations of this department will be exhibited in detail in the report of the State Treaeorer. For the fiscal year ending November 30, 1856, the receipts of the Treasury (including the bal ance in tbe Treasury on the first day of Decem ber, 1855. of $1,243,697 33) have been $6,621,637,- 64 The total expenditures for the same period were $5,377,112.22 Balance in the Treasury, Dec. 1,1856. $1,244,795.42. Excluding the balance in the Treasury on the first of December. 1855, the receipts from all sources, were $5,378,240.33. The .ordinary expen ditures for the same period, were $4,1 13,144.77, showing an excess of receipts over ordinary expen ditures of $1,265,095.56. The extraordinary payments for the same year, were *1,063,997.45, as follows, vix: To the com pletion of the Portage Railroad, and for the pay ment of debts previously contracted on that work, $161,494.11 ; to the North Branch Extension, $122,- 723.50. to relay the Nouth track of the Columbia railroad, $067,000,000; for motive in 1855, sllß. 049 40; to enlarge the Delaware division of the Pennsylvania canal, 1854- 55, $13,960, for general repairs in 1853-'54-’55, $63,965.11; to domestic cre ditors, $151.63 , to old claims on the main line, examined by the commissioners, and paid under the act of May 02, 1856, $130,512.09; to the re demption of loans, $307,824.47; and relief notes can celled. $18,217. The interest on the funded debt which fell due in February and August last, was then paid, and that which become*dne in February next, will be paid with equal promptness, out of available means now in tbe Treasury. The punctuality with which the interest on the public debt has been paid, and the ability of the Treasury to meet all legitimate de mands upon it, have mspirated, public confidence in our securities, and contributed largely to establish and maintain the credit ot the Commonwealth. STATE DEBT. Total debt Dec. 1,1856 $40,701,835.25 Total debt Dec. 1,1855 T $41,067,994.22 Decrease $366,158.97 It thus appears that during the past fiscal year the sumo I three hundred and sixty-six thousand one hundred nd fifty-eight dollars and ninety seven oents has been paid in 1 .quidalion of the pnbuc debt. This, taken in connection with the fact, that during the year ending November 30, 1855, six hundred and thirty thousand six hundred and onedollars and two cents were paid on the same account, exhibits the gratifying fact, that the process of reducing the pnbuc debt has commenced; and, unless checked by reckless mismanagement and extravagant ex penditure, mnst continue until the people and the Commonwealth are relieved from the debt and tax ation with which they are burdened ri'BLJC WORKS, The total receipts at the Treasury, from the pub lic works, for tbe year ending November 30, 1856, were $2,006,015.66, being an increase over the reve nues of the previous year of $C2,638.95. Os this sum $1,013,589.46 were canal and bridge tolls, and $992,426,50, toll of the Columbia and Portage rail roads. The aggregate expenditures for the same jSear were $ 1,943,806 82, being an increase over those of the previous year, of $105,105 64, the revenues ex ceeding the expenditures only $62,118.84. The increase of the revenues from these works would be encouraging, were it not for tbe faet that the expenditures nave inert ased in a still greater proportion—the expenditures ordinary and extraor dinary, exhausting almost the entire revenue from this source. The system must be defective, or more care and economy should be exercised in its man agement. The receipts at the Treasury from the eeveral di. visions were as follows : Main Line $1,229,272 86 Susquehannali, N. Branch andW. Branch.. 426,820 51 Delaware -■ 349,922.29 Total receipts $2,066,015.66 The extraordinary payments during the year, amounted to $808,892.16; ordinary expenditures, $1,135,004.00 ; net revenue, (excluding extraordina ry payments and for motive power) $871,011.00. On the main line tbe tolls received at the Trea sury from she Columbia road, were $991,676.50 ; expenditures $528,084.86; tolls on Eastern division of Canal, from Columbia to the Junction, $119,718.- 36 ; expenditures, $53,048.50 ; receipts from the Junction to Pittsburg, including the Portage rail road, $117,778.00; ordinary expenditures, $304,- 702.22. Tne total reoeipts on the main line were $1,229,272.86; aggregate expenditures, (excluding $267,000.00 paid lor relaying the south track of the Columbia railroad, an* $153,049.42 for motive pow er in 1855, and after December Ist, 1856,) were $,885,835.65, being an excess of revenue over or dinary expenditures of $343,437,21. I.oss of the Brig Whitehall—Sufferings of the Crew. Captain John Peterson, of the brig Whitehall, al ready reported abandoned at sea, having arrived in this city, we have obtained the following narra tive of the hardships endured by himself and view before they were rescued from their perilous situ ation : The brig Whitehall was formerly the Government light-ship off Sandy Hook, and was altered into a snug brig for sea serv oe. She is insured in this city for about SB,OOO. She had taken a cargo of inolan i tee from Cardenas to Philadelphia, where a caigo of coal was obtained for New York, for which place slio sailed on the 18th of Dec. On account of ice and other obstructions, Capt.H. was four dayß in getting outside the Capes of Dela ware. the ice having considerably cut the brig’s bow and sides while anchored in the river. On the 22d, at 7 A . M . the brig was got under way from the breakwater, with the wind from the Westward, and stood along the land; at BP. M., Cape May Light bore S. W., distant lb miles, latter part there being a fresh beeze and)thick weather. 23d, we have strong breezes from the Westward, and at C o’clock in the morning Harnegat Light bore W. N. W., four miles distant. Toward noon a strong gale set in from the north, eausiug the vessel to leak so badly as tore quire all hands at the pumps. At noon, the steam tug Archiltes being in sight, on her way from the wreck of the ship New York, we made a signal to her and were taken in tow, the leak increasing, and all hands being employed to keep her free. At 3 P. M., it commenced snowing, .-md the gale increased in violence, so that it wbb with difficulty the steamer could make any headway against the heavy sea that was running; and as the Captain of the tug began to fear for the safety of his own ves sel, about dark he ordered us to let go the hawser with which order we reluctantly complied, and we i were again thrown upon our own resources; in a 1 sinking vessel; in the midßt of a fearful gale of wind, and a dark and dreary night before us. 23d, (sea time,) the gale and snow storm continuing with great violenoe, and being unable to keep the vessel by the i wind, at 9 o'clock P. M.,.put her before the wind, i and attempted to scud under short canvas, but by 11 o'clock the gale had increased to such degree that we shipped large quantities of water at every lurch of our deeply loaded vessel; we accordingly i attempted to heave her to, in doing which she was ( thrown upon her beam ends, sweeping everything I off deck, and to right her we were obliged to cut i away the foremast. We then cleered the wreck as well as the darkness of night would admit, and hove • her to Under balance reefed maintopsail. The' remainder of the night was spent by myself • and crew laboring at the pumps, it blowing a hur t ricaue, and men very much exhausted and (hilled; from! their long exposure. i The 3 Ith brought no abatement of the heavy gale, i at 10 o’clock A. M. saw a large ship to windward, ; made a signal of distress and she bore down for ns; ) she proved to be the Ocean Monarch, from Liver ■ poof, for New York, and the captain humanely offer s ed to take- us off, but as the sea was too rough for a t boat to live, and still hoping to' be able to get the > vessel into port. We decided not to leave her. 25th, - strong gale from the N. N. W., had very oold; my s self and most of the crew badly frozen ; the sea i making a clear breach over the brig, and the water steadily gaining on us. The same heavy weather and dreary suspense s hung over us the day and night of the 26th, during - which we all became very much disheartened by our « prolonged and terrible sufferings. The vessel hav mg settled down to her,decks, the starboard chain, bolts having drawn out, and all' our spam being s gone, we knew the vessel could not much longer , keep afloat, and was lialjlfe to£o down any moment. , I would net spend another such a night as that of ■ the 26th for half a dozen of the best ships that ever floated. ! On the 27th, at 2 P. M., saw a brig, and immedi s ately made signal of distress, and at the same time i tried to make sail to get steerage way on the vessel, but could not; the brig, however, bore down for us, ■ and proved to be the Wmyaw, from Malaga, bound -for Philadelphia. .At my request the captain stood • off and on until the next day, when the wind and > sea moderating somewhat, they came alongside, and > myself and crew gladly availed ourßelves of the chance to escape from our sinking vessel. This was 1 in lat. 38° 7', lon. 72- J 15’. We also saved our ■ clothes, instruments, &c., and arrived at Lerwes, Delaware, on the Ist of January. Captain Peter son thinks his brig went down shortly after they left her.—-.V. Y. Times. Is PoKTkD W ives.—Cette is a great manufac turing place, and what they manufacture there is neither cotton nor wool, Perigord pies nor Rheims biscuits, but wine. “lei," will a Cette industrial write with the greatest coolness over his door : “Id on fdlrriqne des vine." All the wines iu the world indeed are made in Cette. You have only to give an order for johannisburg or tokav, sherry, port, ■ madeira: nay, for all I know, for the falernian of the Romans or the nectar of the gods, and the Cette manufacturer will promptly supply vou. They are great chemists, these gentlemen, and have brought the art of adulteration to perfect ion. But the great trade of the place consists not so much in the adul teration of wine as in the concocting of it. Cette is well situated for this manufacture. The wines es Southern Spain are by coasters brought from Barcelona and Valencia. The inferior Bordeaux growths come pouring from Garonne by the Caual du Midi; and the fiery Rhone wines are floated along the chain of etanga and canals from Beaucalre. With ail these raw materials, and, of course, a cheraioal laboratoiy to bootrit _would be bard if the clever folks of Cette codtSmet-turn out a very good imitation of any wine in demand. They will dootor you up Bordeaux with violet powders and rough cider, color it with cochineal and out swear creation that it is Chateau Margaux—vintage of 23. Champagne, of ooarse, they make by hogs heads. Devon wiah sweet win ee from Italy and the Levant? Tne people will mingle in Rhone wines with boiled sweet wines from the neighborhood of Lunel, and charge you any price per bottle. Port, sherry and madeira. of course, are fabricated iu abundance with any sort of bad, cheap wine and brandy for a stock, and with concoctions in a drug gist's shop for seasoning. Cette, m fact, is the very capital and emporium of the tricks and deceptions of the wine trade, and it supplies almost all the Brazils and a great por tion of the Northern European nations with their aftei-dinner drinks The old French West India Colonies abopatronize their ingenious countrymen ot Cette ; and Russian magnates drink chambertin and romance, made of low Rhone and low Burgun dy brewages, flavored by the contents of the gradu ated vial. Will it be a Warning ?—A correspondent of the Boston Journal says that the wife of Huntington the forger, has been stripped of her home and her all in one hour. The sheriff has sold her house oyer her head. Her jewels, valued at $15,000, are with the Beldens. What has been done with the vast sufas of money Huntington had, nonegian tell. But this is true, that want like an armed man. has come into bis family. And to keep herself from absolute want she has been compelled to part with her clothee and her little ornaments and remnants of better days. So the career of crime has one more beacon set up in the pathway of life—one more family has been hurled from the summit of high position and honor iu a moment—one more wife and mother to gather np her little children, on whose heads dishonor has been stamped, without their fault, black as the brand of Cain, and go out froma comfortable borne to meet want, and scorn, and brave the cold, glass eye of the world, and feel the hot breath of its sneer —one more example is given to us to teach how the same talents which led to high crime and the prison, employed aright could confer honor and permanent success on the posses sor, and be a blessing to the land. Like a convict who falls from a ship, Huntington has parted and agitated the waves for a moment, and gone down beneath the surge, and the rolling flood sweeps over his place. «Dd the tide of life waves on forgetting that he ever lived. But who will be counselled, i warned, saved by his end? Who will believe the j lesson that thousands of years have taught, that in tegrity and honor are the only paths to permanent i success.— Phil. Timet. ( Arrival or Two Fugitive Slaves in Boston —We are informed that two fugitives, who had sue- , reeded in making their escape from their masters m the South, have arrived in this city the present 1 week One cf the slaves was from the State of c Mississippi, and escaped in a vessel He arrived here night before last, and states that yesterday he sate his master, accompanied by a well-known slave ' catcher in the streets of our city. Once before, I the fugitive states, be made an attempt to escape, t but was then captured and carried back, when his master told him if be ever was caught again in the act of running off, be should be shot The other . fugitive was from the State of Virginia, and made * bts eeespe by land—Bcsfon Tmnihtr, %4 imti t. WEEKLY CJjrorack & Sentinel AUGUSTA, GA WEDNESDAY MOKNINM JAN’Y. 14, ISAS. To Oar Sabsrrlbera. Some months since we notified oar patrons that all who did not pay in advance would be charged three dollar* a year for the paper, our otyect was to stir them np and make them pay in advance, and on the first of this month we commenced sending out oar bill* in accordance with that notice. We find great complaint among our friends—they think the difference too great—particularly when they pay np in a month or so. We have, therefore, con cluded to change the terms to $2 per annum in ad vance, and $2 50 if not paid within the first six months, and $3 if not paid until the end of the year. Our object is to secure an advance payment, which will enable us to make them a good paper and fur nish them more reading matter than any other paper in the State ; but if they will not comply with toau, we shall invariably charge according to our rates as above laid down. Errors in Arronma. 55 E sometimes receive letters from distant sub* scribere, complaining of errors in their accounts for subscription, and evincing some feeling and dis pleasure. The latter are not only unnecessary, but in decidedly bad taste, as we always take great pleasure in correcting all mistakes. Whenever, therefore, a subscriber discovers an error in his ac count, all that is necessary to have it corrected is to enclose his receipts to us showing the ereor, and we will most cheerfully make the correction. We want nothing of any man but what is justly dne, and out* only cause of complaint is, tha* we do not always get that from those who receive our paper, and get the benefits of our labors. There are thousands of men who pay us promptly and cheertully, (they have our thanks) while there are other thousands who do not pay promptly, and (when they do pay, seem to do it grudgingly. Bank of East Tennessee. Our numerous acquhintancee residing at a dis tance, many of whom have no other acquaintances here to write to, feel at liberty to enclose us the is sues of tins bast to exchange for them for othermo ney, and of tnwliberty we do not complain. But just here, once for all, let us request all such to send no more. If the holders of the bill can get any thing for them where they are. they cau do so, as well as to return them to this market. The bank here, ao well as its two branches, have suspended payment, and as we have good reasons to believe, will never resume again. From 15 to 20 cents on the dollar, is the most offered for the money. And why f Because, the assignment of real estate for the benefit of the Bank, prefers certain creditors, and when these are secured, it is manifest that little or nothing will be left for distribution among the note-holders. The bank is broke, and the failure is no inoonsiderable one. With these distinct avow als, we hope there will be no necessity for our allu ding to the subject again —A' noxnUe 'Whig. The above paragraph from the Knoxville Whig, a journal published in the same town where the Bank of East Tennessee flourished, is well worthy the at tentive consideration of the people of Georgia, espe cially in all that section of the State where Tennes see bank bills circulate. Tbe Bank of East Tennes see was emphatically a “one horse bank, ' which was doubtless bought by it* owner, Ciil-rchwell, with a view to make a desperate speculation, with the hipe of saving his falling fortunes. lie was re puted a man of considerable wealth, and held in hie possession a large amount of property, but it is now believed he was insolvent when he purchased ti e Bank, for which he probably paid in its own bills. The majority of the Banka in Tennessee are of the same denomination, “ one horse Banks," own ed by a few individuals, generally, perhaps, specu lators, and it is not unreasonable to anticipate that a similar fate awaits them. Georgians, especially, should, therefore, be on their guard, and avoid the consequences ot failure. Repudiate their bills. In Tennessee, unless there has been a change very recently, Banking has never been done on sound and correct principles. Instead of paying out their own bills at their counters, it has been the uni form practice to establish branches at remote and inaccessible places, and the mother Bank pays out the bills of its branches, while the branches pay out the issues of the mother Bank. This system of Bank iug is not only wisound, but pernicious, and is cer tain to lead to over issues, and tbe circulation of an unsound or not readily redeemable currency. AH Banks should be required by law to pay out noth ing but their owu bills. This salutary check upon their operations would almost certainly secure a sound and safe currency, because whenever thus overtraded, they would be compelled to make their accounts good with the public. The legitimate re sult would be, that they would then only do busi ness when they were in a condition to do so with safety to themselves and the public. Augnst* Evening Dispatch. The first number of this paper made its appear ance on Thursday evening, and commends itself to the business and reading population of our city by its neat appearance and the variety of its commer cial, local and general news. 11 purposes to supply the demand for a cheaper medium of news than has heretofore existed in our midst, while its columns will be made interesting by particular attention to the local and commercial interests of the city and country generaUy. It is to be the organ of no po litical party, though not necessarily occupying a po sition of neutrality on any subject. The number before us presents a neat and handsome typographi cal appearanoe, and bids fair to render itself worthy the support and patronage of our community. The proprietor, Mr. S. A. Atkinson, presents himself in his editorial capacity to the public, in a few neat and weU written introductory remarks, stating the objects and purposes of his journal. He haß associ ated with himself in the editorial management of the paper, Mr. T. A. Burke, formerly of the Madi son Family Visitor, and both proprietor and assis tant purpose devoting their whole time and energy to render sheet worthy of patronage. We re eommend the Augusta Evening Dispatch to the fa vorable consideration of our citizens, and wish our cotemporary succeas in his new enterprise. Executive Clemency. —Gov. Clark, of New York, just before the close of his term, granted fourteen free pardons and five commutations of sentence. .Os these, one was committed for man slaughter, one for assault with intent to kill, one for robbery, two burglary, two for forgerry, nine for grand larceny, and three tor other crimes. Texas. —The Galveston Civilian says that every steamship arriving at that port from New Orleans, js orowded with emigrants, including many slaves, and adds The statistics of the State, as compiled by the State Gazette, show that we are entitled to five, in stead of two Representatives la Congress. By 1860 .we shall be entitled to seven under the present ap portionment basis : but under a reduced ratio, we shall probably only get six. With that number, we may be heard in toe balls of Congress more suc cessfuUy than we have generally been. Prof. James WdbDßorv, of Oglethorpe Univer sity, has resumed, says the Savannah Republican, the duties of life chairI—Having 1 —Having been absent in Eu rope for the last- eighteen months in attendance on toe Lectures of eminent Professor* in the Natural Sciences. Whilst abroad, he formed an extensive acquaintance with the leading Naturalists of the age, and their modes otf instruction. He also pro cured for the College a valuable apparatus, during his absence. Whilst at the University at Heidelberg, after having been in the Laboratory of the distinguished Professor Brunsen for several months, the Degree of Philosophy, “summa cum lnude," was conferred on him. Professor Woodrow, has declined the Chair ten dered him by the Trustees of Franklin CoHege. An Inquest was held yesterday by Coroner Lett at Harrisburg on the body of Cicero, a Free Negro The jury, after a thorough investigation of the facts, returned a verdict that he came to hie death by blows inflicted upon bis head and body with a stick or some other blunt instrument, in the hands of P. H. Primrose, W. QceCron, J. 8. Jones and others. Fires. —Two fires occurred in Charleston on Wednesday evening—the first destroyed a large frame building occupied as a Sash and Blind Fac tory, and scorching some of the surrounding build ings, but not doing damage to any large amount. The second, about three hours later, consumed a dwelling-house on Wolfe street, near the comer of Nassau, owned and occupied by Mrs. Isabella Leitch. and insurad for SI3OO. Death of John B. Laßorde.— Profeesor La •Borde, of Columbia, 8. 0., received intelligence from K ansae on Tuesday last, of the death of this son, John B. Laßorde, who left Marion District last spring, for Kansas. The deceased was much esteemed, and the sympathy of a large circle of friends is with his family. Melancholy Accident. —Mrs. Banks Tor, wife of Wm. E. Bankston, Clerk of the Superior and In ferior Courts of Butts county, came to her death a few days since, in the most distressing manner. It appears that she bad lain down oo a pallet before the fire, with her little child, when she fell asleep, and her clothes taking fire, she was so severely burned before assistance could be rendered, that she died in a few bonrs. Shooting. —On Tuesday evening last, in Savan nah, John Walker, a runner for a sailor boarding boose, made an attempt on the life of James Duffy, an Irish laborer. Duffy was standing in a street door, when Walker approached to within five feet of him, and drawing a pistol, fired, the ball passing through the rim of Duffy’s cap, and inflicting a severe but not dangerous wound. Walker was arrested and turned over to a magistrate for prose cution. As American Sailor and the Queen. —Some account of the visit of Queen Victoria to the Arctic discovery ship Resolute, which has been given in the foreign news. The address of Captain Hart stein was brief and pertinent. He said : “ Allow me to welcome your Majesty on board the Resolute, and, in obedience to the will of my countrymen and of the President of the United States, to restore her to you, not only as an evi dence of a friendly feeling to your sovereignty, but as a token of love, admiration and respect to your Majesty personally.” The Queen, it is stated, seemed touched by the manly simplicity of this frank and sailor-like ad dress. Bt. Louis. —A German paper published in Bt. Louis, called the Anzeiger des Westons, says that the constituent part of the population of the city and county of 8t Louie, as ascertained by the recent census, may be estimated thus;—Americans, 38,000 Germans, 30,000 Irish, 36,000; French, 4,090; Eng liah and Scotch. 5,000; Italians, Spanish, and other nations, 6,000; Bohemians, 5,000. JaxisC. Brocas. Esq., of Dougherty county, has been appointed U. 6 Deputy Marshall for the Southern District of Georgia Remarkable Speech. We give to day, says toe Naehville Banner, copi ous extracts from a very remarkable speech recent ly delivered in toe House of Representatives by Hon. P Riston 8. Brooks, of South Carolina—re markable for the candor and truthfulness of its statements in respect to certain weak points in the Democratic organization, which, Mr. 8., ssys, in vited attack, end which have been assailed, “not unsuccessfully," he alleges, during the present ses sion of Congress by opposition speakers. These week points are the different constructions given by Northern and Southern Democrats to tbe Kansas Nebraska bill—toe freeeoit grounds upon which Mr. Buchanan's election was advocated in the nou-slaveholding States—and toe squatter-sove reigntyiam of the Northern Democracy. No good to the party, Mr. Brooks argues, cau re sult from trying to conceal, or harm from alluding to the differences which notoriously exist among the Democracy on these points—which differences “are elements of weakness in toe party organization.’ He acknowledges that the Northern Democrats, for the most part, are advocates of the odious doc trine of squatter sovereignty, and he declares that “if they persist in their construction of the Kan sas Nebraska act, they will inevitably drive off ina n y of us from the South, who desire to act in concert with them.’’ He says : “We [many in the South] believe that squatter sovereignty is as fatal to us as the Wilmot Proviso : and so believing, it would be suicide to wink at it.” But at the same time he feelingly and mast candid ly admits, that the Democratic opponents of squat ter sovereignty cannot do without its Democratic advocates, nor the latter without the former, and “retain any party strength!” As the only means of retaining “any party strength,'' Mr. Brooks, with real pathos, beseeches the advocates of the monstrous doctrine, to renounce it, and to agree that “the Territory of Kansas shall be free and open to e very citizen of the United States with every kind of property, slaves included and named , until the people of the Territory shall have formed a State Constitution, whiafc act of sovereighty they may perform whenever they num ber a population of ninety-three thousand four hun dred and twenty, and not before.” Short-sighted, but honest Mr. Brooks I Were the Northern Democratic leaders to renounce the doc trine. and agree to what you ask of them, they would not have a corporal’s guard of followers. North, era Democracy would evanish, without leaving so much as “a grease spot” to indicate its previous existence and locality! Aud where wottM be your “party strength” then f A writer for the Richmond Enquirer receutly spoke of squatter-sovereignty as a great federal monster, which the Democratic delegation from Vir ginia would soon take by the throat and c hoke the very life out of him. IV’ -mould say it was a great black bear, whose tail ae Democratic p irty had laid for a an hour of great p eril, and which they now - will be death to hold on to or to let go. Most unquestionably, the bintr is the master of the situation, and if bears could talk, thu one would doubtless say to the Democratic party : “Hold on or let go, as you like—it’s all the same to me. Iu either event, I wiU use you to carry- out my purposes, as you have heretofore used me to carry out yours. lamon my way tolbe Territories, aud I give you notice that my brother darkies there shall be free us lam. Help yourselves if you can. Wage war upon me if you dare. I've got you." Blundering Officials and Foolish Diplo matists.—The Baltimore Patriot says :—President Pierce has been singularly untortunate in his ter ritorial and diplomatic appointments. Governor Reeder was dismissed from Kansas because be did not sufficiently conform to the wishes of the Ex ecutive. Governor Shannon was devised of his authority because he conformed too strictly.— Pierre Soule returned home from Madrid be cause Secretary Marc Y threw cold water on the Ostend manifesto. Sickles found his London post uncomfortable. Don Piatt found his Paris post too expensive, and now we have the refreshing an nouncement that in the treaty made by Mr-. Aa guste Bklmot with the Netherlands, the language “is so ambiguous both iu the English and Frenoh translation, that the President desires to withdraw it, as the committee on Foreign Affairs will not re port it for ratification.” Happily not much was expected from the Minister at the Hague, and there fore no great disappointment wiU be experienced.— It ie also fortunate that the administration has near ly blundered through its term of office. We have reason to hope also that in certain of our foreign and domestic appointments, we have reached the low est deep, and may therefore anticipate with some confidence that a change for the better will take plaoe after the fourth of March next. Thf. McDonogh Estate. —The New Orleans Crescent contends that the McDonogh bequest has proved anything but beneficial to that city.— It adds: “McDonogh was a nightmure upon our prosperi ty while he lived, and nis estate has been a night mare ever since. The sooner we get nd of it the better. For our part, we should rejoice if it was declared insolvent to morrow, and its sale ordered to be made by the Sheriff to the highest bidder.— Until that is done the finest property in the city will remain unimproved and unproductive —unsightly spectacles of decay and dilapidation in the midst of thrift, sightliness and advancement.” It is in favor of a division of the estate between New Orleans and Baltimore. Commerce and Nanigation. —The report of the commerce and navigation of the United States for the year 1856, shows, that the increase of exports is very generally distributed among the different States, while the increase of the imports at New York is very nearly equal to tho whole increase.— The imports into New York for the past year are over two-thirds of the whole imports. The increase of the exports of 1856 over 1855 is about nineteen per cent., and the increase of the imports for the same period is twenty per cent. The exports of do mestic produce from Virginia for 1856 amounted to $5,489,628. The annual statement of railways in the Union has just been published by the United States Rail Road and Mining Register. It makes the total number of miles of railway 24,192, being an increase of 3434 over the preceding year. The increase is larger in Pennsylvania than in any other State, be ing 426 ; while toe largest increase in Other States is, Illinois 398, Indiana 368, and Wisconsin 353 miles. Ohio heads the list with 2869, New York • following next with 2792, Illinois 2531, and Pennsylvania 2164 miles. The Gai.e on Niagara River.— -The gale on Bunday was more violent at the lower end of the Lake than in this region. The volume of water driven over the falls, carrying logs, timbers and driftwood of every description, was frightful. The Suspension Bridge was deemed in greatflabger, and the toll gates deserted. It,:, hpwever, escaped un soathed. The tower or old pagoda at which stood nearest the battle ground, 583 which now makes our knees ache to think of it, Was over thrown. A correspondent of the New York Herald says : “The intense rooking started the inmates from the wooden tenement at the base, and scarcely had they made good their escape, when with a tremendous crash, the entire tower of nearly two hundred feet, measured its length upon the frozen ground, scat tering its upper portion into a thousand fragments ; fortunately no lives were lost, as it fell to the west ward, in the open fields. Had it fallen in any other direction it must have crushed in Beveral dwellings and destroyed many lives. Within its length, and but a few rods from its line of fall, a congregation were assembled in the Methodist Church, and their escape is cause of great congratulation.” Revolutionary Relic.— The Columbia South Carolinian says :—A negro of A. R. Taylor, Esq., splitting rails some time since on his plantation at Granby, found imbedded in the heart of a large pine tree a ball of lead weighing several pounds. It cor responds in size with the hole still left in Cayce’s house, which, in the Revolution, was entrenched and formed Fort Granby, and no doubt was one of the three shot fired by the party under Lieut. Colonej Lee, whioh caused the surrender by Major Maxwell of his garrison. For this addition to our collection of Revolutionary relics, we are indebted to the kind ness of Mr. Taylor. The following is Ramsay’s account of the taking of the Fort: “ The day following, Fort Granby, near Friday’s ferry, about thirty miles to the westward of Fort Motto, surrendered by capitulation. Very advan tageous terms were given by the assailants in oou soquence of information that Lord Rawdon was marching to its relief. This was a post of more con sequence than the others, and might have been bet ter defended ; bnt the offer of security to the bag gage, in which was included an immense quantify ofphmder, hastened the surrender. For some time before it had been greatly harassed by Col. Taylor’s regiment of militia, and had also been invested by Gen. Bumpter. On the night of Mtb of May, Ltent. Colonel Lee erected a battery within eix hundred yards of its out-works, on which he mounted a six pounder. After the third discharge from this field piece. Major Maxwell capitulated. His force con sisted of three hundred and fifty-two men, a great part of whom were royal militia.” Probable Fatal Affray.— A difficulty occur red in Columbus on Sunday, 4th met., between William Skates and Frank Fagg, in which the latter was so severely beaten and cnt that it is feared he will not recover. The unfortunate man was a cripple, and in no wise the equal of Skates who is said to have been intoxicated at the time of the renoontre. The offender made his escape, but measures have been taken for bis capture. Blue Ridge Railroad.— The work on this Rail road except the bridging, tunneling, and masonry, has been discontinued west of Pendleton, 8. C. The road will be completed to that point as early aa pos sible. Minnesota. —lt is rumored in Washington that Judge Douglas will very soon report a bill to the Senate authorizing Minneeota to form a State gov ernment, and another bill dividing herteiritoryby a North and Sonth line into nearly equal parts, and giving to the western half a Territorial government with the name of the Territory of Dacctah. There is ample population and still more ample territory for the division, while it adds two more free States to the political preponderance of the North. The next session will probably witness the admission of Minnesota, and the return of the gallant Gen. Shields as one of her Senators. The General is here, not looking for a Cabinet place by any means, but solely with reference to the interests of his adopted home. Annual Appointments bt the Governor.— Wm Turk, Principal Keeper of the Penitentiary. B. 8. Carswell, Assistant Keeper. W. A. Williams, Book Keeper Dr. T. Fort, Phys ician. Matt C. Batts. Arsenal Keeper, MiUedgeville. S. B. Hanpt, “ “ Savannah. The office of Inspector of the Penitentiary dis pensed with—the Legislature calling the attention of the Governor as to the necessity of the office and he regarding it unnecessary. Among tha list of patents recently issued at Wash ington, Jonathan Adams, of Katcmton, Gn, has ta ken ont on# for an improvement iu plows. The Position of the North. We have -repeatedly said isays tbe Charleston Mercury,) that the i te Presidential election should rather be regarded by the South as a warning, than as a triumph They have entiiod the vote, but they have not carried the people. Aud uow let us see what construction is put upon the vote of the North by toe highest official authority. In hie first mes sage to the Legislature of New York, Gov. King usee the following language: •I have yet another duty to perforin—a duty, the obligations of which I am not at liberty to neglect, even if I were SJ di-posed; and the performance of which, in mv iudgmeut, is rendered imperative by the respect, wideh is due to the sentiments and votes iu the recent Presidential election of a great majori ty of the people of this State, a id of tho other f ree States. .... , “I do this in no partisan spirit, but under the conviction that the great principle at issue in the election, and which it so triumphantly vindicated, lies at the root of our free institutions, and is alike the concern, and should be equally toe care of all citizens who rightly estimate those institutions. No mere party question could oail forth so deep an in tercet, and s 1 significant and decisive a vote throughou! the length and breadth of the State . and I venture to believe Idi not mistake its import, nor your convictions respecting it, wheu I assume, as its deliberate aud irreversible decree, that so far as the State of Seu York is concerned, there shall be henceforth no estensionof Slavery in the Terri tories of the United States. “This conclusion I most unreservedly adopt, and am prepared to abide by it, at all times, under all circumstances, and in every emergency.” “And this conclusion (continues the Mercury ,) of the Governor of New York, drawn from the facts of the Presidential election, is emphatically endorsed by the New York Courier and Enquirer, which may be regarded as the representative of the Sew ard and Fremont party of the State. They do not look upon the late result as a defeat. They treat it rather as a victory. It is better for them than they expected; and, as a stepping stone for future ope rations, they look upon it as a result which they have a right to regard as securing, in 1860, the tri umph of Freesoil principles and the Freesoil candi date for the Presidency.” What else had we a right to expect f We went into the contest as a question of life and death. W e have come out of it bravely with life; and with life secured only- by a four years tenure. The party opposed to us have achieved far more than they ex pected. They have approached to the very borders of victory, wheu they merely intended to lay the toundation of a party for future aggression. The readiness with which this party was adopted and sustained by the popular sentiment of the North, notwithstaudiug (hat Mr. Fillmore, the representa tive of the old Whig party, was already in the field, shows how sharply defined is the anti-slavery feel ing of our so-called brethren beyond Mason aud Dixon's Line- The truth is, that the separation, in opinion, is already made; aud it strly requires a political act to define the terms, and make the ne - cessary arrangements, to render the separation as strictly legal as it is already in sentiment.” Why did not the Mercury have the independence to come out and tell its readers aud the people ol the South, that the w hole South (Maryland only except ed) bus virtually endorsed the declaration of Gov. Ki no, of New York, by- their support aud endorse ment of the Kansas Nebraska Bill. They have not in so many words declared ih&t“thcie shall be no more Sltn-e States," butthey have contributed their mite to inaugurate a policy, and establish a* prece dent, which will accomplish that result as effectual ly as if it uttered the declarations of Gov. King.— Does not the Mercury know that these arc indispu table facts? What right then has it to complain? It aided to accomplish the result. There has been a look in the wheels of the city government of Mobile. It was necessary that the Mayor, Aldermen and Council should meet in con vention to elect officers. The Al'dermen agreed to meet on the 22d. The resolution was eonourred in by Council, but war not approved by the Mayor.— They agreed ag-ain upon the 2ith, aud the Council concurred, but she Mayor disapproved of it. He subsequently assented, but the Council withdrew their concurrence and appointed the 29th. The Aldermen met on the 29ih, but the Council did not attend, aud so that.meeting was defeated. They had, at the last accounts, a proposition from the Al deluien to meet on the 2d of January, and of the fate of this we have not heard. Death of Cattain Casey— This officer of the army, long Indian agent for South Florida, died at Tampa on the 25th ult. Another Peabody Donation.—lt is stated that George Peabody, Esq., has within a few days, made another munificent donation for the benefit of his former fellow-citizens in Danvers, Mass., viz; For the maintenance of the Library of the Institute, SI2OO a year during the remainder of his life. For the establishment of a Library in Danvers, (former ly North Danvers.) the sum of SIO,OOO. Fugitive Arrested. —A few days ago, a slave belonging to E. P. Jones, of North Carolina, wns ar rested at Aequia creek, Va., while en route for the North, with forged freedom papers and a letter of recommendation, which he alleged he obtained from an organ grinder for two doUars and fifty cents. Alabama and Florida Railroad. —The bilj appropriating the lands donated by CoDgress for constructing that portion of the Alabama and Flori da Railroad lying between Tallahassee and the south era line of Alabama, lias passed both houses of the Florida Legislature. There will lie a large sale of Books, Stationary, Sec , by Messrs. Giuardet, Whyte & Co., at their sa'es-room opposite the Planter's Hotel, at 7 o’clock this evening. New York Banks.— During the last fiscal year, twcutyfive banking associations, with an aggreagate capital of $7,550, have deposited the requisite secu rities aud have commenced the business of bank ing. The peat beds in the vicinity of Madison (Wiscon sin) are attracting considerable attention. They are located upon lands lying six miles west of the town, and immediately upon the Milwaukee and Mississippi Railroad. There are three irregularly shaped beds, contiguous to each other, which lie in depressions of the surface. Frederick Bowers, a young Frenchman, aged 21 years, was noticed the other day to take a let ter from the St. Louis Post-Oftiee, with which he walked off, reading as he went. He was soon ob served to be weeping, and finally be tore the letter into fragments, took a pistol from his pocket, and shat himself. Venerable Couple. —There are living in Para mus, Bergen county. New Jersey, a venerable cou ple, whore united ages amount to one hundred and seventy-six years. The husband is ninety and the wife eighty-six. They have lived together seventy years, and are as well as can be expected under their great age, theii minds retaining all their vigor. He is the last of tbr ei brothers who have long since been gathered to their fathers. Trade Between Russia and the United States. —The exports from the United States last year, to Russia anil her possessions amounted to $686,405, against only If 1X!,445 in 1855. Our imports from Russian ports on the Baltic and North seas last year, reached $339,581, against $206,113 in 1805. Wanting to Marry across a River. —A cou ple of Virginians casne to the ferry at Milton, N. C., Christmas, withthe. view of crossing overlnto North Carolina and getting married, but the river was “up” and finding no chance to get over, they want ed a magistrate to stand on this side and marry them on the opposite bapk! The proposition was not acv ceded to. The following gentlemen were Monday elected officers of the Central Railroad and Banking Com pany of Georgia, for the ensuing year: • R. R.Cuyler* Jno. W. Anderson, Andrew Lowe, Thomas Bur-e, Wm. Crabtree, John K. Wilder, Jno. B. Gali.ik, W. R. Fleming, F. G. Dana. The last two are new directors. Information ha* been received from England to the effect that, in the event of the blockade of t[ie ports of New Grauuda by the British, Aspinwall and Panama will bo regarded aa neutral perts. The course intended to be pursued in regard to this mat ter, had not been definitely settled upon by the Bri tish Government, but it was generally believed that the policy indicated above would be adopted. Population of thf. United States. —In the tables accompanying the recent report of the Secre tary of the Treasury the whole population of the Union is stated to be about twenty-seven millions. Fire. —The alarm of fire yesterday morning, be tween four and five o’olock, was caused by the burning of a small frame building on Centre street, near the Bridge, occupied as a Grocery store and Bar room. Los 3 not very great. Night Mail Discontinued. —The Postmaster General has ordered a discontinuance of the night mail between Washhington and Richmond, the or der to go into effect Thursday. Serious Accident. —The Savannah Georgian 4* Journal says : We regret to learn that a serious, if not fatal accidentoccurred this forenoon on the Bay. As Mr. E. Haywood, eon of Alfred Haywood, was driving in a buggy, the horse became unmanagea ble and started at a fearful speed, throwing Mr. H. out. At halt-past 1 o'olock, be was in a dying con dition. Two Railroads Joined.— A bill to authorize the Southern Railroad Company to purchase the Vicksburg and Jackson Railroad, and legally effect ajunction, has passed the Mississippi Legislature. The Vieksburfr T'autt Bays the junction would pro bably be effected on the Ist inst. The Cunard Company have made an arrange ment under which, tor the first time, they will ex tend their operations to other watera than those of the Atlantic. They have formed a combination with the new Australian Steam Company, by which, with their vessels Etna, Jura and others, they will undertake the Mediterranean portion of that route, the portion between Suez and Melbourne being carried on by the original promoters. A Marriage in the Cars.— ln the cars, between Bangor and Portland, an accident occurred on Sat urday morning a little out of the usual course. Soon after the train lett Bangor, the conductor, Mr. Pitt man, who had provided himself with a clergyman stood up m one of the cars, and, in the presence of the passengers, and while the train was at its usual speed, was duly married to a lady by the name of Fuller. Our eastern friends are, evidently, a “fast’ people. Not Coming.— The intended Southern tour of the Parodi-Strakosch troupe will not take place. Mr. Strakcsch is compelled to return .to New York, to take part at the opening of the Academy of Music. It appears that the New Orleans custom-house, intended tor a magnificent pile of granite and mar ble, is gradually sinking into the swamp. It has declined 16.99 inches since 1851, at which rate of subsidence, it will finally disappear from human vision at about the beginning of the 22d century our era. Cow-Catchers.—An enterprising but ignorant South American bos sent to an Albany locometive shop for one hundred ‘oow-catohera.'’ He expects to use them in taking wild cattle on the plains of Paraguay in plane of the lasso. Immense Laud Grnnt—C'angr* aeional Bribery and Corruption. The Riohmond D r patch says : Another of tho immense land grants in favor of railroads that have heretofore been suspected of being conceived in frr ud and carried through by briltery and corrup tion, has been introduced into the House of Repre sentatives, in tbe shape of a bill, which grants to the territory of Minnesota, for the construction of a trunk railroad traversing tho territory with three branch roads, every alternate seel ion of land, desig nated by odd numbers, for six sections in width on each side of said road and branches. Tho grant will call for nearly four huudred thousand acres of land iu each and every mile which the road traverses, and make the aggregate an immense one. The New York Herald publishes letters from it* correspondents at Washington, setting forth avtry scandalous state of Congressional morals, and tho existence and organized and active exertions of a distinct profession in Washington—lobby agents — whoso busiuess it is to bring personal influences to bear upon the action of Congress, and to determine measures ol legislation by oorrupt consideration The Richmond Enqtii tr republishes tne Heryid s letters, and says that the vast majority oi tbtsi lobby agents are “ex-members ol Congress, exdßtc l'etaries of departments, editois out of employ mem, occasional correspondents of papers, < fficers of tin army dismissed from the service, officers of ihe nav\ retired for incapacity, clerks, women . f easy vii tue, dealers of faro an- 1 apostate preachers of tin Gospel. These individuals have method zed tin mysteries of plunder into a science, and have w. duced their operations against the Treasury to i regular system of strategy. The agencies of ihe'.i influence comprehend all the means of subduing principle through the instrumentality of n.o pu - sions. The amiable disposition of one member if Congress makes him an easy prey. Another ful * a victim to the seductions of champagne and iy.i --vaßß back. A third Is insensible to the charms of an epicurean banquet, but he surrenders to the seduc tions of a solid Bum of monoy. A fourth is beguiled by the arte of some charming Lais, and to-- uts. . not tosuport a parlioul r claim, to be absent whei the vote is taken. A fifth, with hardly le«s ci iminn.i ty of motive, sacrifices his scruples to secure tin co-operation of a powerful interest in his owe specin behalf. So the think works ; and the result i.- thai the people are plundered of millions by a corrupt coalition between the lobby interest and certain pro fligate members of Congress.” It is through such influences and by such means that the Treasury is robbed, the public mouej squandered, and the good name of the uatiou d» graded. It is a mortifying fact, as well as one ot evil omen, that, whilst'the character of the pub; e men of Great Britain has steadily improved foY th. last century, that of the public men ot the United States, both in intellect aud in morals, has a;; .-uadi ly retrograded. Could one of the pure and ineoi ruptible patriots of the Revolutionary era rise fr» m the grave, he would be astounded at the profl! •. y which has converted the once stainless halls of j u lie council into “a den of thieves.’’ Tlic Tan It. The Washington corrrespondent of the Baltimoie Sun, writi!ig under date January 8, has the follow ing speculations iu reference to the proposed modifi cation of the Tariff, which we give'for what they are worth, premising that it is not much : The subject of the tariff will probably be taken up for consideration iu the comm ttee of the whole on th. state of the Union, on Tuesday next Among th. several projects alread/ approved are those * i th majority of the committee of ways and means, us represented by Mr. Campbell's report and bill, tin minority project reported by Mr. Letcher, tL bil offered by Mr. (J. F. Houston and Mr. Boyce’s bii Amendments will be proposed for the‘abolition o duties ou various articles, but none for increasiiu the present rate of duties upon any article-. Alt Campbell's plan will reduce the revenue to tie* e\ tent of six millions immediately, and to the furthe extent of about four millions, through theene<*urrg\ ment it will afford to home manufacturers of wool ens, by admitting high and low priced wool free o duty. Mr. Letchers plan will bring the revenue dowi to about forty-five millions. It is urged as an ol* jeetion to Mr. Letcher’s bill that it retains *m small duties, the collection of which will cost n:oi than they produce. The masterly report of the :*e< retary of the Treasury, which, with its valuable stu tistics, is now printed, affords convincing Argument against any tax on certain raw materials. No pro position has yet been made for the remission « f du ties on railroad iron, but an able pamphlet ii in cii culatiou in favor of a return to the original policy «» encouraging the railroad system by admitting mu road iron free of duty, and it urges, us tho Loudoi Times also does, that the argument ol Mi Guthrie in favor of free w 001, which is admitted t be sound and correct , is eqtnll> applicable to fret iron. As to the sugar duty there are two sides to that question, aud the probability is ti nt it will bo r» duced to the same and not a greater txtoi t within* and the whole list of taxable fabric, -—that i 3 -id, 22 or 25 percent. The thiriy per cent, dutii q wj 1 fin little favor, especially in the Senate. In fine, t her. is some prospect that, if any revision of the tariff* b. accomplished at this session, it will be based m upon politics and national consideration, but upon enlightened principles of p *litical °conomy. Illness of Dr. K'NE.—Tne latest accounts Iron Havana represcut Dr. Kaue as very ill, with lit t!« prospect of recovering. A letter dated the 29th ult, says: “Dr. Kane, the Arctic explorer, arrived here from England on Christmas day, but very low from tb* effects of a stroke of paralysis ou the pa.-s.ige out.— He seems a little better since landing, but Ins physi (dans think that it is very doubtful it he ever leave.- here. Spanish like, the officials rook not the let s) notice of bis arrival here, nor even did the pa pen* mention it. I would cot have oflicial honors paid him, blit a man who has given his lift? to the cause ui humanity and science certainly deserves some little notice.” ANew Postal Arrangement between our go vernment and that of France is on the tapis. The French government has made a proposition for a convention in regard to postal matters, which is ex tremely liberal, and which, it is confidently believed will greatly facilitate America i c no.pondence not only with France, but with the continent of Eu rope. The chief benefit of the convention is, that all prepaid letters for the continent may be sent through France free from all restriction**, and be placed upon the same footing as French correspon dence. In other words ,'the United States will enjoy the same privileges in the transmission of its letters that France now does. The rates per quartei ounce from the United States are said to be as follows: To France, 15 cents ; tfelgi.mp, 21 cents : Italy and Austria, 28 cents; Constantinople, (fee., 31 cents, and the Indies 3H cents. German Celebration of Nf.w Year's Eve. — The Germans had a beautiful celebration of N w Year’s eve at their “ Volks Garten,” opposite the Bpwery Theatre in New York, which is thus do scribed by the Express : The" exterior was lit up with variegated lamps forming"® v^rds r “ Volks Garten.” Wjihiu wi re all kinds of amusemefffa'aud singers suitable to the physical, moral or uxtelfccttßl t Ta^^ v Midn ght came and a long, loud u hurrah” came with' it** E;\rh j.r son jumped up to his neighbor a happy iiow # year; everyone but in the midst of their congratulations the gas was euddcnly turned , off, the bells began to ring, the; .bands played a ho. lemn air, and the blue lights, red lights, green lights and white lights, alternately illuminated the exten sive building from the roof. The wh"le after was gotten up in exact imitation of tho Winter Garden celebration of New Year eve "in Germany. One. sudden the building was brtyMhfly re-il umfuaied, the band struck up “Hail Columbia,” and congrat ulations followed. The fun was * afterwards kept up for Rome time, a select chorus of thirty male voices from one of .the German Clubs singing the old country “Fro lie Songs,’’ and the double band of musicians furn ishing capital accompaniments. The houfce was crowded all the evening. The Locomotive Explosion.— Goo. Oliver, ft brakesman, and Michael Rowland, an engineer, were the persons killed a few days ago by the explo* plosion of a locomotive on the Central Ohio Rail road. The Wheeling Argus' soya : The fireman was thrown to a great height and fell at some distance from the track, entirely divi-st edof his clothing and badly scalded. Another man was ajso sciidea, and some forty were kill* d m badly scalded. The btiler turned a complete som erset and fell beside the track completely shorn of machinery. Two heavy driving wheels, wi h thcii axle, were blown some 180 feet from t, e track, pass ing through the top of a tree at u height of perhaps forty feet, and bren ing of a huge limb. The Erie Canal. —The Buffalo N. i"., Commer cial states, that with proper energy on the pait of those having the matter in charge, the Erie Canal will open in the Spring with five feet depth of water from end This will admit the passage of boat of two hundred tons buithen. When the enlarge ment of the Erie canal is completed, it will be ;.i most equal to a river, uniting the Hudson and the Lakes, and pouring a fresh avalanche .of brunet* and wealth into the Empire City. A gang of notorious c jucterfeiters, believed to have branches in Louisville, St. Louis, Indianapolis and Cincinnati, have been arrested in Wooster, Clark county, Indiana. An article « n education in France, published in the Constitutionnel, states that in the year 1855, more than 400,000 young boys, and 450,000 young girls—Bso,ooo children from six to thirteen years ot age, received no kind of iustruc 4 ion whatever.— And this is enlightened France of the 19th oentnry. Courtesies to British Officers.— lt is said to be the intention ot our government to reciprocate in every proper way the attention manifested to ward Lieut. Hartetein and hie associates, soon to arrive in a British war steamer. Instructions will be issued to receive her with proper salutes at the New York Navy Yard, and the officers will be in vited to Washington to be welcomed by the hoe pitality of the President and Oebinet. Submarine Telegraph for the Persian Gulf. —The British Government have given their appro val to the proposal for laying down a telegraph ca ble to the Persian Gnlf, and by connecting it with that already laid down in the Mediterranean, pla cing the whole of Europe in direct communication with Asia. The project is still under consideration at the East India House. The Cabinet. —Hon. John Barney, of Baltimore, writes to the New York Herald that Gen. Ca u has informed him that the position of Secretary cl State has been tendered him by Mr. Buohanen and that he has accepted the appointment. The Dock Trade.— The Norfolk (Va.) Herald say*, that a farmer in Princess Anne county has bed twenty men employed killing ducks, and up to the 20th ult. they had consumed 23 kegs of gnu powder. , The gentleman ships, on an average, 15 barrels of ‘ ducks to New York every week, and some weeks as high as 31 barrels. They co isist of canvass back, mallard, black, sprig tail, boldfaces, ehoveltrs, end a good proportion of wild geese. Libel Suit.—Horace Grekly has brought suit so.- libel against J. W. Gray, editor of the Cleve land Plain Dealer , for certain articles published in that paper during and since the recent campaign. Damages claimed, SIO,OOO. We learn from the Canada Mail, that a Polish emigrant, from Warsaw. ba« obtained a patent for an invention to prevent collision upon rail cars by the intervention of shields. The leading feature in the management of these shields, is the interpi git ion between them of resistances, which will break the shook of oars coining into ooliision. The plan is re garded as feasible, and it will completely disposed tow eatohers and all like aontrivanoe* Fashionable Dissipation.—The New York Herald, remarking on tbegevefy and “fast” living of the citizens of the commercial metropolis, says i After the holidays comes the saturnalia of the fuf*liioi able wot) <», which goes up to Lent. The g reset p'viip *rit.y of the country and the comparative easHwi.h ‘vhichsharp business men obtain wealth —or the eh wof wealth—which is .just, us good as long as it lasts—has its natural eff« ct upon the wo men, who are in n?e> travagant than ever. Crino line expands and. extends its borders until two la dies fiii up the width of a drawing room, aud robes are fengthcm-d flpfil the pact is daily swept with ’he ru in st and st*ffe t nip/ e antique. In the gay world jewelry Ins gradually been going out Jor Hires :,,u umhis, hut tho motie\ once invested iu nmuuvuds >: u«»w expended In dress goods, which are giowiug more rich, more elaborate ami more »*xpensive every year Your tashionable lady’s u.en’a! powox *m e instantly taxed to the utmost to Kni.w what she shaft wear, while her husband’s bu -’.neis capabilities find mil scope iu hi« efforts to 'a’s r the i ■ »i»«*y t«> gratify her extravagance. Her amniti .i> i- foout do some one else —c wear a dress r « t*■ 1 i?cs w'hieli c«vt a great dc J nl more money han t ose i f tier dear* st friend, who is thrown into • nviii-M. ns ot envy when the fienr« is mentioned, !! . a P’*rtv whn U 8 >ci < vtds her l ouse that Ire's loes 3 treading ou everybody .Al i-i -peaking at some length on the extravagant -t.W of (Ins,., pw-tics, Mill various prirat» amuse neuts, file Herald says: O imb'io" lias beNuric a fa-hionable vice, ard •u. .o-i! im t" Me. lilies. X ail tlmclubc, plsy, ""'I 1 ' !' r rub-, i ami *« have J.'.'" 0 wl,eru llle arisMcmtic emusement of *" ‘* el l \ e "K Oi booed, IUmC amateur* hi tl at ath d!C i*i it.Be met m o Bn-,vt place d.tHched from i jli.ii nent, l , ui ,it is said, very ?. MVt Kal, ‘ b " , 'K l-!*-* while iv„meu play at i eiii*.i aaim a -vtiioh hew ruined some ot the in .it-B iu Park Nut with tin din., all the tf ortato tuppreiw K ambUi4.'in tliia metropolis, It iu . I.UMS pi vutely and publicly; HI d this foot i. the nquity ark. !‘.k'"“J I ":.?.‘imn'.^p 1 'htii mid iutbthe pottkete ofthe b f, «>•»','" “'»>»« a. of eu iu the ...... ,*;•=*. V* w tl,e ,relu-». The present 1 d tooioeud m trivolity i.ud ex ..uuiia' T-T'nf b " ? h,< * ,h » Kt' Damel V\ alii,, rue Watduugton correa pomiei.t Os tin. r S :o„ X; v o’lcrmiya .—“The Kev. Dauttl W aide, cliupliiin of the of Keptveenla tves, is nmv in hi, ninety-fit h t ear, erect, hearty, ale and vicun a; oe a man of aisty. He was a {radumo of Yale, aud a cluss-uiatennd room-mate if the Xion Jtre.uiali M aoj ; , as aohaplnin of tho evo.utionarj aroiy, full md i cprigoinnent in tXia loniblo an .tar houte prison in New York, from 'lnch he escaped with life barely, aud on account >l " .deli he now draw . a pension from the govern iicm. He is now the oldest living graduate of '■ Ruit.vc his elect ion aa chaplain iie was pastor ■I the Congr«;fHtiona] Church at Manlius, New Tork, iver which he has presided f or the last seventy rears. He now studies many hours a day without mre U ' HU o * u »* '»• •ovenienoe, aud while at home :• rp-euliy "all's i Syracuse and hack, nearly five ml. s While we were oonvetsing, imaged while taired, but vnon ■ > uhl niui.ot nlioitl eixly fiveor evenly yetrs, too. the vacant seat next to us, vlien Mr. Waldo introduced tile,new comer us hi. sou." ITonniBLE Mi-.ißEu.-The Stark villa (Miss.) Ad ..cute, contains the particulars of the horrible mur ler of itobert Bums, proprietor of the Cottage Ho • tlintli.il place, by l*r W. XX. bluvall, with whom ie Imd had 1 a light the day before. Itsays : Going near BerneV stable, r>r. S. stopped the bug :V, mid "■.civi d within about iiieuiy-hve ]>sces of linn . *, wile 'V„s eiigugi d ill harucssing a lioise, lie “ lo 11 negro who "as atauning near, to got ■Lit ot the wav. at the same moment raising the gutt inti filing. At t To instant of liis firing, XXurues ■" k.d nrunnd and reoeited the contents of the gun nil in his Tice, lie raised hid irnndii to his eyes aud unit to 11,.. t arth. exclaiming “my God I" Upon lea,ijioyidi : d > nneed within ton pitoeaand fired the ■ccn.id nine‘.the "-hole i-harge taking effect iu his ).i'k and 1» u;it-. i|tx*n critil out, “i am a dead min. Still, notsa* is it-d, Stovall coolly approached •no and drawing a j h **lpul t close to his bend and ired again, bursting hnoye-ball Irom its socket-; lien putting th pLtm to liis breast, lie fire d a fourth l ' ,u - i«‘t Min body f the already dad man. Mrs. tunics and lu r children lushed from the house i*r» tiurg, wit.' I).. Stuvull coolly walked off, got uto hu and drove away. Family Influence in National Affairs.— riie L verpoi.l correspondent of the Boston Daily \dvc.r>iser % makes the f *llowiog reference to the fleet which the alliance between the royal families »t England and Utu.-sia has upon the Neufchatel l ucation. The English people sympathize with the Swiss ns all freemen must; but an English Princess s to b * the iuture Queen of the aggiessive power : “I' is tine that there is some vague idea that the English people do n t approve of Prussia’s ohstlna y in i lihoo ng her mcr« ly waste-paper titles, but l *o pi e.-c-nt intimate relutium* * xir-iiu*. Oetwtcn the yul fanii i--s of Ihu.-t-ia uud E ghand, t' row great loubt on any tiling being done by the British go • crnint nt in favor ot tin* Swiss. A simitar differ boo i»i vrl.ii .is was observable during’ the whole »ni rL * 1 ite war. While the English nation XfWW’i the gre»Je.-t distrust of the Piustiau poli y, yet tin* in istiutim-;‘o..iicgotint ous were going ii between the royal families for intermarriage,' •villi the eUorui*>us dowry of SIOO,OOO per annum— co bo puid out of Joliu liuii s ov« riax* d pocket. If toy additional proof were \vnoted ti nt the interests *f leiiji ing fiHo.iiH are not «’ ail identical with tlie uteres ci the people they g <vt»ni, this bare faced lacrifice of national rights to fan il.y interests should -tupply it If L uiis Napoletm had a lirtlo, more cssh ii hio cxclw quer, what a splendid opportunity this <wi?s b i-intss would give him to extend the fron ier of Fraucj to th«* Ilitim- ’’ A VEPAGt Wealth ok Individcals.—JThe sta 'istics of taxable pioperty In tho nited dialed, re tutly romi-tied in the Treasury Department, fur. liih some very interesting items of intelligence in re paid to the average wealth of the people of the differ ent Slates. The average vulue of taxable property m Indiana aud Illinois is $.61 to each inhabitant; in Michigan it is only $220 ; in Muine it is $2lO ; in New Yoik $100; in Ohio $388; in Connecticut it is about $500; in Massachusetts $525; in Georgia $534; in Alabama $334; in Louisiana $l5O j iu Ma ryland about $110; in Virginia $350; in Kon lucky S3BO. Iu these estimates the whole population is count ed, including the staves in the Sjutiiern States. chc calculation Imd been made only in r#fercnce’’t6 ihe white inhabitants in the slavehoidiug State, it would give to them nearly double the average wealth of individuals in the fressoil States. In none of the Soutl eru States is the average so small as in some of the frees il S'ittes. Gen'l. Tom Thumb.—From a letter of a passen ger on board the steamship Persia, we inokoHhe following extract in reference to Tom Thumb: “ Everything has passed iff harmoniously with our pleas int and numerous passengers, among who n Gen. Tom Thumb lias figured most conspic uously—free from the annoyance of Mai dc m&r, he has be'-n on deck in all weathers, and with his India rubber coat, cloth'cap, and thick boots, has played the part of ti miniature sen captain—often wjth a cigar nearly n n long as himself in his mouth, which Niiue of the full grown sim kers have often knelt upon the deck to afford the important personage a light—not a meal has the General missed, and after '+ dinner he sips iiis wine with as much gusto aa*auy ion. vn-rnit. Nm* afe these the only accomplish - ments which the tiny thing can boast: he plays an excellent hand at any game of cards, in wbioh | njnuHeinent lie Reeses trut h of the time, and speaks i <»1 hi* luting* and winnings with the air of,.“a tnan <>f the world,” and ham mil he only drinks brandy .occasionally. Hear uje aud seeinjjL.bua brought as 1 o the comjusion that Gen. Tom Thumb is a fast -peeimen of Young America, aho La* afforded the puifrt nger* u vast fund of Imt iid mind could not have b *it*r cultivation, for it is not without cofieiderublo capacity.” Weather in New York.— The New York cor respondence of the Baltimore American of Jan. Bth says: The intensity of the oo!d has rendered navigation very d-fficulr. There are vast triads s of ice in the r ivers and ho ferry boats have been very much im ped* d thereby. Several hakes of ice Were seen yes terduy over a mile square. The ferry boat Johif Fitch* was nearly two I -up* in making oue of her i tips on Tui-sdajf night. She had to iun down to Governor’s Isbuiipoget in the channel before she got to Barclay stfeet. (Klior boa’s were also much obstructed yesttsiday. Tim ice seen to be fresh water i e. ami h . s probably been drifted down from the Highlands Thu Hudson is frozen over as far town us Peekskil'. The strong umlb-wildly winds that have pre vailed have had the effect of making the tide in the |£«sfc river v»-ry low, »tid as a conn* quonee several vessels enteii-g and 1< iviug the harbor have run .aground Tue birkantfne Horneo Beale, from Alexandria, arrived yesterday, wad* one maFS office from end of bowsprit to miss- n r'ggiu,the vvt/gU of which, with Iter cargo, btought her decks tnllu water. Burning Mines.— Tue Pottsvillo (Pa) Mining Journal bays : A fortnight since, the Peach Mountain vein up the No I, wegi&r, the ptuperlyyf the Delaware Coal | ()• mpany, was tired at tho'air shaft, below water ; 1 <•:v» ] The vein from she elurfc burned so fiercely, that all attempts to cheek tbe flames proved fruit i and the lessees occupied themselves in remov j mg the machinery, etc., of the operation. It is j i bought that the tire is the work of Pome miner dia* ! -'•untied with the reduction of wages, which it is the j iu!e to establish at this season. By this act *he in cendiary has stooped one of the most valuable red ! ash c.oilVrits in the region ; has entailed, possibly, i coi biddable loss or* the Joyces, and thrown out ot employment many miners, upon whom at tbia se ; vere .*oson are dependent scores of women and children. It is co tern plated to turn a portion of the Nor wegian Creek n»to the mine, and thus, if possible, | extinguish the fire. Tee Mr. Laflee ocUk-ry—Chain's Miller’s—took I fire last May, uod baa been burning since, below water level. The fire originited in the old work mgs. The opera i*»n was closed, and water let in ; Lust week, we undeistand, the mine was filled up, ! Hid ere this the fire has been undoubtedly extin I gttiabed. Something Novel A Frog Supper was given iu Boston on Thursday evening last, by a distln . gtdehed ion vivant, to a few friend '. The Times :ays the “game ’ was of hi* procu ing, and of the \ right kind having a preud manor of the same near 1 Cbe’sea. The frog busim ea is becoming one of im • i portan e, and the Times hears that as many as 1000 | fat green hides are procured a day, by good sports Tien. They sell for s2.ho per hundred ; and when they become better known as a table deiioaoy, they will command as' ill higher price. No taste hoe to be cultivated to enjoy them, when properly cooked The t me will come when the quotations of the frog 1 market will be considered as eesential as those of the Brighton or C mbridge cattle market, Women Voting —Kentucky is the most gallant and chivali ie of St .ter Th re alone In this coun try, or tho world, is the right ot suffrage expressly -jouneo’ed to woman. By the Revised Statute, any woman having a child, btlwceif the tge of eix and eighteen years, may veto for school trustee. The right was exercised a year ego by several widow* in the Northern parr «f the State. Literary.— A young adventurer, In the fields of art and letters, Thomas H< od, the younger (“Hood’s Own” eon) is to present to the English public this season his maiden work as author and artist; a gift book, seasonably published, and literatively oalled ‘•Pen and Pencil Piet urea.” ANEW City in • Louisiana.—The Vicksburg Times, of Monday last, furuisbeß the aunexed para graph : “A new*city by tho name of DeSoto is expected to rear its walls and turrets, in a short time, on the Louisiana chore of the Mississippi river, immediate ly opposite to this o ty. The property embraoes the lands lying around the Vicksburg, Shreveport and Texas Rai road Depot, and will open a field ot Labor, activity ar.d comme oial enterprise, wbioh will, in a short time, make it the seoond tity of Louisiana.'