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AUOUSTA -.TOKlfs AVGUSTA. tiA!
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BOIIaERS. Saw tliiiLS. * Mukl-^rtKGsnd
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BOAT MACliiXmiY. ana tr very de t> j r k i
usually mad* in t:> H-t la - Mae bine >' - Ur,.?* |
or Wuiod. Orders for % ork. uo. - pcca-i uul a ' :«d for |
must be aorvny v.’. d tr • 4 • -; f ~0 -'r .ect •:
on tha mopposed valr# (4 4LO 7f rk rrdexed. aoia tße rb. j
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iors on business f 0 B. HSrtHNS &CO !
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ep/fct-d. er<im HKjM HAPFT-.
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P^XrV?.TAT.YI und P«u.i
J1 jbt». cioioet n®f W)l AUlfiS
J'.M receieed by XJAI\ SOK « SKIKKEK '
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
cgtMua: Snitiitcl.
fie- -.on «f »hf 1 n rod * i nprrmr Co art
in »b<* Drrd ■•roll C ner.
* W ■ k>w the decision of the U H Supreme
C rt n tli# Itari) gi t&G Ate, In *,fuller and m«*re
t **• '"l'ln than w|w ir onrt)ii#*f te
! H-rirplilr Oeppatoii efXnmUy tart
' .• * Y Ta.n* hi ctefivmng *rv opinion of
w: . i, tJr’U £h:- cv«*e, after a r L non eat at the
• r> directed to be re-argu-d at the pre
*n -wing to cfetTereooe *d Opibion extfti&K
i ci.. ’ i g . ,** iiiemtiara of ri»e Coiut. anil in order to
.. ' rruJ.i••’••'. ir. dro mature delibei-ation.
i. m twV/ U fidiuff firHt, hud
| 1 u : * Coxir? of the United Slate- tor the
* < l> - & Hhwouri, fariwdii'tfcbn in the rase; and
* « i* brut pH diefion H» decirkm erroneous or
l-n ) •-* denied,Tnr plea ia ahaleineut, thj
' r . :>ui «.f tfmCircmt Coort of the Uiii ted States
♦- u » ground that the plaintiff *‘ i*- a neero of Afri
f . l o- -eni. hi ancestors were of pure Atrieau
' - , v - r< hjonght intotiiip enuntry and aoki
and therefore the plaintiff “ is not a citi
• ..• Slat'- of MissouriTo this ntea the
t ‘ .*'p j ‘ otuTed, and the Court Hurtainea the de-
J tn. Tne' upon the defendant pieaded over,
and 'i.i -’d teettpaa# on the ground that the
■ t>!• • -Tand hH family were hi# negro aiaveft ? and
i K-m. ijt <( f fentfi, agreed to t>v both parties, wap
| 1 ,it f'rdef .Jvslioe, having staled the facta of Uie
Irt pr r o. 'm a tone of voiee ahnoit inaudl
| ble Ray jji fittlwtanee that the question firrt to
•hi •" <1 whp vyhe'hf-r the plaintiff wan entitled to
u. .i . of the PniUsd .Mtftfru This w jus ape-
I ' *dui iptcrtiou, and for the firnt t.nu- \>r ought before
• t -sh rt UfTriur ueb eircumstaneef-t bits it had
’ b** • . uiglit: re, ,nd if wap thi doty of the court
j o mi. tk< l. > deejde The queerion jras eimply
f ' t*» negro, .vi,o-e aoceelor- were imported
f and ort n* »lav<? fv-enne a moi kr of the politi
e i e-Mwini.iH.y formed mid Oroagl t into existence
i tty ih* f7oU*tlistiou oi the Lulled .Sta'en and, iu
• • •!•:■■* : • the right. and iimiiuui
‘Ti-«• r a i ilirer.. ». n e of whi'-fc rigiita W auingin the I
i corrUot toe UniU4l Si ate n r < the.-in epf-ciff- '
I «*i 4 In :i; u- dug the quentton we mutt not ron
j loiiDd the ngiitij cl % citizen which a Slate may
] f-o: ‘v wrlhm iU own limite, with the rights of a
i • *:/.- nw. iiin the linn;- of tin: United Slates No
j o«e ran V a e.rtrren of the United States unless
i ru>f » how tnar.beiuga citizen ot one State,
•gniHedarf such by ev« ry State in the
i’rd He nuiy be a citizen iu one State and not
!r m /«•• H. 4 kucli in another. Previous to the
♦ . H.i 'ion of the Constitution, every State might
• < ha. «j‘ t< rof a citnen, hnu endow a man
• I t ie r-gialtt fieri aining to it. I bift wau non
:! • lot- boundiwie* of a State and gave him no
j rtf. - lyeyond its limits. Nor have the several
S.j. *«* surroiall-red this power by the adoption of
’ > C** f i ution JKvtty State may confer the
n;-f uj an alien or on any other or descrip
i ,• i peiViii-. wbo w#uld, to all intents and pur
j he it rttizdn of' the State, but not a citizen in
! d t>y tlio Constitution of the United
1! would not thereby become a citizen of
, I r • St-.*- • and. thererore, <*oti!d not sue in
• .;. voit ii. ’in. t s ited States, nor could he enjoy
| ..»• ... lAtiitii nos a < itizou in the other States. His
:id h» •enfißcd stridtly to hie own State. The
» < *' Congrefls flje power to establiah
] ; in. • -.niru'.- of nMuralization consequently,
1 m . t* i ! *., by naluraiiziug n ; alien, could confer
|u. mi ii* l ighta and immunities of all the States
;i : i.e (Jen* rai Oovernineut. Il is very clear,
I . »-foi . thut no State ouu, by any act, introduce a
j, - « *'.ei into the political Union created by the
I Cr. ii;t .o. The q.action tlien arises, whether
i ■. ■ prev.ruor s of the Constitution of the United
. < in liuiUoniopeisunalrightstowhichaciti
/-eTj ufti State . ciititii d, enibraccil nggroes of the
lA .I’fin ».tec, at that t ime in tin; country, or after
, i■. nros Imported, or made free from any State
N • h rit i.-i in the power of any State to make
I • ; uii a« »: /. n of tho State, and endow him
)l cltSzei • uip in any other'States without
( i >ur.L iA ' Din ti iiie C *iirtitut lon of the United
upon lirr. and clothe him with all the
. a citizen ? The tlourt think the affirm a
t • c- uif*t n nuantained, aud, if not, the plaintiff
b, . t zeti of Missouri within the mean
. f <L r n-'tiftrtidn. nor a citizen of the United
| n u.*; conecquently, not entitled to pug in it#
I Coaris.
i >- i j tiin tn every person, and every class and
• T' .ou ..j peraonsat the time of the adoption of
!-( * : \ utl regai ded as citizens of the several
uM. •, bc« nme citizens of this new political body,
i -<J rou.-»t .r. It was tomiedlor them, aud their
i i* ;.iy, and lor uojiody else, and ail the lights
u ’ nmm. tie we re,iut ended to embrace only those
i *i muni ties, or those who became mem
r hoc:«rdhj-f to the principles on which the Con
.. iu.i viiia aucpti d. It was a Union ot those
1. v. o |.- uiendn :■* of the nollfical communities,
a ji.'vVi i to* ci riaiu purposes, extend*
• .•it wh.-i- territonca oT the United States,
■n vit i /.rn rights outside hip State winch
o- . »i - • ptwer-H, and placed all rights of
1 i and prop*ny. on au equality.
. b-n..*i.-i: i i « ' !*} , tl:< refore, to determine,
v. • i ;:i. ns of tin-* several States when the
» •>?•* if*-‘ > wui- adopted. In order to do this we
i mi'tre* to the Colonies when they separated
• • i. fii'e. . iliiUiin, foimed commuuitici, aud
■U i c i pla« mnongUm family of nations. They
e»‘ r.* c *1 as citizens ot ihe States, de
j . :.ire*i u.tu iiidej»tuduiicc of (iroai Britain, and de
I : ude*' il by I'orcL <>x a.'rns Another das* of personp
wlv* lmd’■•**cn importedud slaves?or their desccinl
» ai: were noi or intended to be includ
; .in that m durable instrument—ti-e Ucclaratiou
. lnd--pemlciict- 1 b diilicult at Ibis tiny to real
i • the f»ito of public opinion, refipec ling that unfor
• Miuitc cia-ip, with tlw ctvilHsed an»t rnUgS tphed por
t «»h of tho \vodd aUthe time of the Declaration of
. t . <iu:- and the adoption of the Constitution;
on * . b»,, ; ysh.fw ’hey have, for more thau a centu
»v. b . u ;*• ••an led h« beings of an inferior order,
, in i x3so< iatos lor the vliiU- race, either social
*j i»» . ...»11 v , and had muightd which white men
.li-it*- resjiiot and the black man might
■ •dticM to slavery, bought and aold, and treated
• ' <' •ny arrido ot’merehiiudiMe. Tltisopinion
. iu Hint- Aar- ixoduud universal with the civil
. t portion of ihd white raco. It was regarded as
i axiom .a morals, which no one thought of dis
(> *•• .-i‘d - very ino habitually acted upon it,
lit •i'-uhting {• >r a moment the oorrectness of
. i| ii -n. Aud in uo nation was this opinion
. r.t d aud % no* ally acted upon than in Knp*
, k l;< ; . * of which Cfovernment no* only
- ’ •ia vi theC-'u. sos Africa, but took them
ry Merchandize, to where they could make
,-i i i ‘ ' c them. The opinion thus entertained,
1 1 • • ■ t«
S . a< ■ • rdingiy, negroes of Uie African
.w ct- regafiled by them as property, and held
an Hotu -id sold, as such in every one of the
i >!oi. » whxuh united in. the Declaration of
.d iiv . Mid af-'-rward.-.. formed tho Constitu
.. v 1 4i *•: inc of wliich we have spoken was
tnkirqly ens -vod by the Derdaratiou of Inde
ndeii<-' . ti b gink time :-“When in tho cour. j e
. -m.mu cyouts, it bemmes necessary for one peo
r- •!o t’ -<olv. the political bonils which have con
he d them With another, and tr> assume among
f‘ e powt-vR o: the earth the separate and equal Rta
i a.ii . * ui-; di ths laws of nature’s Ood
-if-- ;» -ii, a decent respect to Uie opinions of
L'i r .-ptir-. si hat-they should declare the cruises
which impel them to the separation and then
pr . . « i : “We iiold ihcso truths to be self-evident
iii;« iii men arc created equal; ti;at they are en
i *l, by th„ir Creator, with certain unalienable
; g!,i.-. : that aiuoug these are life, liberty and the
pu . ' -appiness. That to secure these rights,
i.cvi imneuts ai'tslnstituti?ii among men, deriving
,l 4 «i, imi pi'Wete from the consent, oft he governed,'
At. Tin- words be tore quoted would seem to em
br. ;t! whole iiutoau family ; and if used in a
; r- , aiiar at t ids day would be so under
stood. But it is too clear for di.-pute that the cn
. 4irlx.au rao© were not so intended to be in
■ c.i * or. iii that case, liio distinguished men who
i'.-dihe Declaration of ludependencc, would be
. .utly agaiust- tho priuoiplea which they anaert
t T! .iy. w!io,framed thei>cclaraitionofJnd«peii
.-.v.-rt. u»ru >f too much honor, education and
i-i : u* c, to .say whet they did not believe ; and
• ki.ew that in no part of the civilized world
wroth m-gro race, by common consent, admitted
■ rig us of utfcuicii. They spoke and acted ac
i c.i ll u, re tin* pukctioee, doetriues aud usages of the
i \ i li ttuh rinuute race was supposed to bo
;..e from tlie whiles, and was never thought or
, »*. uof • xcept as property. These opinions un
4*oi'vCf.i: uo chang when the Coastirution was
; . - v Ti rr. amble sets forth for what pur
lot . d for whose benefit, it was formed.- It wa?
au-iijby <1 people—*4oeh as had been members of
• r or. u. Mates—and the great obiect B*as to
’ii: 'ohvvsingd of liberty to oureelves and bur
. post*:'•■ ty . It speaks in general tonus of citizens
••'! -a ; ‘ : United States when providing for
• 11 a pt..\i-..-granted, without defining what descrip
• hi 4 t jkm .'uuh siK-uid be induded, or who should bo
; out «i as citizens. But two clauses of the Con
> ii p- dil.to the negro nice as separate, ami
;.u: ;*gmded .ss citizen*, for whom the Constitution
adopted. One clause reserves the right to
, ini(M*rf eves until 1808, and in the second the
;ales . h uge iln-mo* Ives one U> another, to pre
't Vc- :. e ; i ,4.ts at' the master, aud to deliver up
Je.v. si *v iping to their r< speortve Territories. By
*’ e test c'.ac • . the right to purehase and hold this
, piv»p*’ y i-4 o icctiy .'-&uc ,>iuhl and authorized by
■ .
i \• . and the States pledged them*-Ives to
. ii- right of the master as long as the (T>
i \ rn*.. Aii uiuti Loimed snould endure. And this
. t*uvXusiv*dy f!iat auolhei descriptron of per
> v cu embraced in the other Provisions of the
» . . tutiou. These two clauses trere not intend
tu - . i ;*.uer upvui tiicui or their posterity the bless
j •: b’riy so carefully conferred upon tho
i. N.-ne o' this class ever emigrated to the
IMr 8 atf- voluntarily. They were all articles
* uci ohanQA*’'. The number emancipated was
\ as x i-mpared* with those who ware held in
cry. ami net sufficiently inunerous to attract
Bul-V ti enti ui as a separate class, and were re
g&rdvd i* a part of the slave popuiatmu. rather thaii
t.i »t be supposevl that the States conferred
;; if o . kern for ak ttave Skates a: that
tc. .biusued ponce reguiaiions for the security
: :nou.sci . s ana families, m well as of property.
1 m« miiC - v-rs -s, there were different modes of
r a.id >i r-nilii nv't be supposed that, those States
w V 111 w farntnl or contented to a Government
t ah • • glu. and to*-*k from them the j
-Vv iwi«i7* ssontwd t- \ neir own protection. They!
r . 4 4 .»t right, to bear amis, and appe.ar at !
v s .ueetmc? lo dk'ouss p Ijtteal or I
i. g. mcr>u'v - cT i ctVrir. w Mch they might deem
a:iv>al;Te. They eacuot vote as e'wticwia, mot serve
* .*a; s. n-4 apjwar witiicsses where whites ere ,
,v- x-Ti:t-<U* T .lsc rights are socarec. n every State
f v •.u inen It is imposSbfe to believe that the |
• • slfivf holding States, who took so large a !
hi liio foniMt ion its the Cou s: itutiou, could be j
s- ■ s ; «‘- f ; e: es andtt safety of those
** o trusted and couSded ir. them.
- 1 !' centiaes citizenship
te - : r. jiiexrims. Tnis is a marked separation from
.4 . I tuier the Coixicdt: auoi:. every St’ite
; «»»’. y v ‘v d»i !e feu: itself, and *T.e term “free
* «»il> T'* .7 • l ie gx nerality off, , nn . . € naiuly cxclu
.t uL x race. 1 were framed for the
<V r l . U’uder the Constitution iJm word
4 • ,ri* tv isß.iocUt'.edlor “free inhabitant. ’ Af
irthci on this point, the Chief
dgeti- soug iroil, tbo best ooueideraioxg we have
.. ; t« the ootH'usior that the African r&ea who
• eJO tins vouutry, whether free or slave, were
: iiiti iH. u to be iuc.ud«d iii -ue Constitution for
uxfci*’ oi any persona* rights or benefits ; and
! the tiro provisions w'dch poiut lo tliem treat them
’ property, miff make it the duly of tlie Govem
i *.il: to 'toot tl.v« S'.ich. Hence, the Court is
■ : . siuion, t orn the facte slated in the plea in abate
:ut • mat Pro i Sootr is not a citizen of Missouri,
’ ..vdis not, therefore, entitled to sue in the United
[ States Courts
Th - following fact#appear on the record; “In
she yetfk 1834,tU« pfeiutuf was a negro slave be
»-giug *» Dr. Kmereoc. who wae a surgeon in the
hr; ft: U.r-i Stales. In that year 1834 said
Di. u .lock tl.c plaintiff fn'in the State of
.Mi -SL-mi uie miiifeuy v>oai at lion’k Ir’and, in the
JJttuie tlf .-ioLj. and T.qld him there ae a »lave until
t the morn •> Aprils 1836. At the time last meu
-4 noned. Raid Dr Emerson removed the plaiuiill from
I sa. ; uiaiitti' poo: ui lix-ck Island to the militarylk'-i
F; r Suetiing, eitnatuff on the we*t bank of the
i >h- t pi river, in t!>e.territory known as Upper
i.tHiiftirana, acquired by the United htato> irom
? Vracc« . and situated north of Uie latitude ol3t> «h*
norili, und north oi tlie Mate of Missouri. Said Dr.
knit lfion heui the plaintiff' iu slavery at eaid Port
| Jinking until toe year 1838.
“in the year IMS, Harriet, fwho is uaui«-d ’« the !
i second count of the plamtitT» declaration.! wan the
I tny of the United Statea. In t*i«i year. (IS3SA said
. j Major Taliaferro took said Harriet to «:iff Fort Suel-
I ling, a military pi at situated a- hereiubaforoirfa^i
I an i kept horthnre aa a brave until the year 1830,
f aod then Aioktand delivered her i.' it slave at r ort
~ ,rf£. ua ®“
ed .. and Raid Dr. jbn.eia.m h- d said Ila’.iel in
slavery ataahl F**rt Snelling *l i the year J^>B.
- “In tr.e year IKl*'., the plaintiff and sail Harriet,
at said Port Snell mg. wiih the conic-tit of said Dr.
Emerson, who then ciauned lu be their master and
owner, intermar * d and took each other for hus
band and wife. Eliza and Lizzie, named in the
third count of the pianoifFa deciaredon, are the
fruit ot that marriage. Eliza is a brut fourteen years
old. aod was born on board the steamboat
north of the north line of the State of JUissouri, and
u;k>m the river ; lAzzie is a!>out seven
year a old, and hum born in the State of Missouri, at
the military post called Jeffers oi: Barracke.
• Ju tl.c year bald Dr. Emeriou removed the
plaintiff and said Harriet. and their said daughter
riliza. from said Fort Snelling to tbc State of Mis
souri, where they have ever since resided.
'‘Beforethe commencement of tiii* suit, said Dr.
Emerson sold and Conveyed the plaintiff, said Har
riet. Eliza and Lizzie, to th* defendant as slaves,
and the defendant claimed to hold each of them as
slaves.
“At the time mentioned inthe plaintiffs declara
tion, the defendant, claiming to be owner as afore
said, laid his hands upon said plaintiff’, Harriet,
Eliza ?ind Lizzie, aud iinprieioneu them; doing in
thiw respect, however, no more than what he might
lawfully do if they were of right hid slaves at such
rimes.”
The Chief Justice proceeded toexamioe the state
ment, assuming that this part oi the controversy
presented two questions.
Firstly. Was he (Scott) and all hi* family free in
Missouri: and.
ISeeondly. If not, were they free oy reason of their
removal to E'ick Bland, Illinois.
The act of Congress! on which the plain tiff relies
contains the clause, that Slavery .mu involuntary
servitude, except for crime, shah be forever pro
hibited in that part of the Territory’ acquired by
treaty from Louisiana, and not included within the
1 lifhittf of tha S.ate of Louisiana The difficulty
whi« h meets us at. the threshold is, whether Con*
; - resa U authorised to pass such a law undertbe no w
era granted to it by tlie Constitution ? Ihe plain
riff dwells much on the clause which gives Congress
power “to make all needful rules and regulations re
specting -be Territory or other property of the Uni
ted States!'’ But tins provision Las no bearing on
the present controversy. The 'power there given is
confined to tlie Territory wliich then belonged to
the United States, and can have no influence on
Territory which was acquired from foreign Govern
ments. The Justice then referred to the cessions of
land by Virginia and other Slates, saying the only
object was to put au end to existing controversies,
and to enable Congress to dispose of the lands for
the common benefit. Undoubtedly tie power of
sovereignty aud eminent domain was ceded iu tlie
ad. This was proper to make it There
was then no Government in existence with enume
rated powers. What was called the States, were
thirteen independent colonies which entered into
confederation for inntuul protection. It was a little
more than a Congress of Ambassadors, in which all
had a common concern. It was this Congress which
accepted the cession from Virginia. They had no
right to do so under the articles of the Confederation,
but lh*y had a right as independent powers to ac
cept the land for the common benefit; and it ia
equally clear, having no superior to lontrol them,
they had a right to exercise absohit* .ominion, sub
ject only to the restrictions which Virginia imposed.
The ordinance of 1787 was adopted, by which the
territory should be governed, and am ng other pro
visions was one that slavery or involuntary faervi
tude should be prohibited except for crime.
This was the state of things* when ‘.be Constitu
tion was formed. The territory ceded by Virginia
belonged to the eevt ral confcderate S ales as com
mon property. The States were about to dissolve
the Confederation, and surrender a portion of their
powerJbrjthe formation of a new goverment, and
the language used limited aud specified the objects
to be accomplished. It was obvious that some
provision was now necessary to give tlie new
goverment the power to carry into effect every
object for which the territory was ceded. It was
necessary that the lauds should be s -ld to pay the
war debt, and that power should be given to protect
the citizens who, might emigrate, with their rights
of property, arms, military stores, (as well as ships
of war.) w ere the “common property of the States
existing in their independent character, and they
Lad a right to take their property to the territory,
without the authority of the States.” The object
was to place these things under the guardian
ship of a new government, which gives. Congress
the power “to make all needful rules und regu
lations respecting the territory or other property of
the United States.” It applied only to property
held in common at tlie time ; and not with reference
to any property which the sovereignty might
subsequently acquire. It applied to the territory
then in existence and known as the territory of the
United States-—then in the mind of the framers of
tlie Constitution. It refers to the sale or raising of
money. This is different, from the power to legislate
over the territories. With the words ‘to make ail
needful rules and regulations respecting tin* terri
tory.” are coupled the words “andiftn* //wprerty
of tho United States/ ’ And the* concluding words
render this construction irresistible: “and nothing
in this Constitution shall be so construed ns to
prejudice any claims of the United States or of any
particular State."
It is obvious that the CoTigref . undo vim new
government, regarded the aboveclaun jis liecoasary
to Carry' into effect the principles and provisions of
the Ordinance of 1787, which tiiqy regarded as an act
of the .State-sin the exercise of their political power
at the time : and these representatives of the same
States under the now Government, did not think
proper to depart from any essential principle, and
did not attempt to undo anythin;; that was done.
As to the territory acquired without the limits 1 of
the United States, it remains territory until admit
ted into the Union. No power »s given in the Con
stitution to acquire territory to be held and govern
ed iu that character ; and, consequently, there can
not be found in the Constitution any definition of pow
er which Congress may lawfully exercise before it be
ci*mes a State. The power to acquire territ* >ry until it
is in a condition to become a State on au equal foot
iug with the other States must necessarily rest on
sound discretion, and it becomes the duty of the
Government to administer the laws of the United
States for the protection of personal rights and pro
perty therein.
Whatever territory is acquired is for tlie common
benefit of the people of the United States, which is
but a Trustee. At the time that territory was ob
tained from JbTauce it contained no population to be
admitted as a State, and it therefore became neces
sary to hold possession of it nutil settled and inhabi
ted by a civilised community:,' capable of self-gov
ernment and for admission into the Union. But, as
we before said,it was acquired by the Federal Go
vernment as the representative and Trustee of the
people of the United States; and must be held for
their common and equal benefit ; for it wi. the ac
quisition of the people of the United States, a.-ting
through their agents, and Government held it for
the common benefit until it should becouu* Hz-ocia
ted as a member of the Union. Until that time ar
rived it was undoubtedly necessary that, some gov
ernment be established to protect |he inhabitants in
their persons and property. The i .u quire
carries with it the power to preserve. The f >nn of
government necessarily rests on the discretion of
Congress It is their duty to establish the best suited
for the United States, and that must dep.nd on the
number of its inhabitants, and the character and
situation of the territory. What government is the
best must depend on the condition of the territory
at the time, to be continued until it shall become a
State. But there can never bfe a mere discretionary
power over persons and property. These are plain
ly defined by the Constitution. The Constitution
provided that “Congress shall make no law respec
ting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting tlie
free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of
speech, or of the press; or the right of the people
peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Govern
ment for a redress of grievances,” &e. Thus the
rights of property are united with the personal
rights, and this extends to the territories as well as
to the State. Congress cannot authorize the terri
tories to do what it cannot do itself; it .cannot con
fer on the territories power to violate the provisions
of the Consti'ution.
It seems, however, that there is supposed to be a
difference between slaves anu other property. The
people in tlie formation of the Constitution, dele
gated to the General Government certain enumer
ated powers and forbade the exercise of others. It
has no powers over persons and property of citizens
except those enumerated in the Constitution. If the
Constitution recognises the right of master and slave
and makes no difference betweeu slaves aud other
property, no tribunal acting under the authority of {lie
United otafes can draw such a distinction and deny
the provisions and guarantees secured against the
encroachment of the government. As we haw al
ready said the right of property in a slave is ex
pressly confered in the Constitution, and guaranteed
to every State. This is in language too plain to be
misunderstood : and no words can be found iu the
Constitution giving Congress greater power over
slaves thau any other description of property.
It is, therefore, the opinion of this Court {hat the
act of Congress which prohibits citizens from hold
ing property of this character north of a certain
line is not warranted by the Constitution, and is,
therefore, void: and neither Dred Scott nor any
one vs his family were made free by their residence
in Illinois. The plaintiff was not a citizen of Mis
soiiri, but wad still a slave, and therefore had uo
right to sue in a Court ot the United States.
The Court having thus examined the case as it
stands under the Constitution, proceeded to other
points saying, as Scott was a slave when lie was
brought back to Missouri from Illinois, he was un
der the law of the former and not of the latter It
has been settled by the highest tribunals that an in
dividual does not acquire his freedom under such
circumstances. As it appears to the Court that the
plaintiff is not a citizen of Missouri, nor a citizen of
tlie United Suites who could sue in the United states
Courts, this Court can gh e no judgment, and hence
the suit must be dismissed for want of jurisdiction.
Associate Justice Nelson stated the grounds on
which he had arrived at the conclusion that the ar
gument of the Court below must be off ered. Hav
ing stated theertse. substantially, as above, he pro
ceeded to examine it on its merits. The question
was, whether the removal of the plaintiff, with hi
master, to Illinois, with a view* to a temporary’ resi
dence, and after his return to Missouri, was such a
residence in a free State as worked emancipation
He maintained that it did not. Such questions be-
I longed to the States to decide for tliemselvt *. As to
whether Missouri will recognize or give effect to the
laws of Illinois on tlie subject of Slavery’, is for Mis- ,
j souri herself to determine, nor is there any eeuatitu ,
tioual power rightfully lo control her. Every State ■
or nation possesses exclusive sovereignty and ju
j lisdiction within her own territory, andltcr* laws «f- f
feet and bind all property w ithin her lim :s. No .
1 State or nation can ass ect or bind persons or prop- j
! erty outside of her territory. The question ‘.s iuhy .
[ established that it belongs to the sovereign State of
Missouri to determine the question of slavery with- !
ia her own jurisdiction, subject only to such limits
tious as may be found in the Constitution. Tnis is j
the result of the independent and sovereign charac- j
ter of the State It is equally applicable to the oth
er Slates belonging to the Confedracy. It must be i
admitted that Congress possesses no power to create
or abolish slavery in .‘t State, and if Congress pose
tsses power under the Constitution to .abolish slave
ry in the Territories, it must necessarily possess the
power to establish il This he euied. and then pro
ceeded to show that the question involved m the
case now before the Court, was one depeudmg sole
ly on the law of Missouri, concluding with the re
mark that the judgment of the Court below should
be affirmed.
Associate Justice Cairon&lso stated the history of
the case, and said that if the Court has no pow er to
decide the question fun her than to dismiss it, it had
uo right to discuss its merits ; but he held that the
Court has jurisdiction to decide the merits of the
case, which heproceeded to examine. It was now
too late to quest ion the power to govern the Terri
tories an incipient Slates, and fit them for admission.
The only question was, how far the power of Con
gress. i* limit d as to the North-west Territory. Vir
riuia had tite right to abolish slavery there, and did
so. by an agreement, in 1787. with the other State*
but the* did not prevent new States being admitted
with or without slavery. Subsequently’ North Caro
hna aud Georgia ceded their land for the common
benefit, and Congress had do more power to legis
latc slavery’ out of those cessions than it had to leg
islate fci&\ ery in the tern Wry’ north of the Ohio. —
There was no power to legislate on slavery in either
t e s • 16 Inhabitants stood protected after as thev
did. beiofe the were inaue In Louisiana
Slavery \* as uoi only lawful, but was most valuable.
At the date of the treaty the inhabitants were left
tree to enjoy their property, freedom and liberty,
and were to be protected therein until they came iu
ito the Union as a Skate The Missouri line of 36 30
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MOANING, MARCH 18, 18:)?.
j was •• mi act of aggression. Congress cannot do in
j ohrecdy what it cannot perform directly If a South
cm man cannot go to the Territories with hi? siavei
it follows that a Northern farmer or nu'chaiiic ean
not bring with Lim-his implement* el toil. If Con*
8^ ess could prohibit any specie* of lawful property
throughout Louisiana when it was acquired, so il
could exclude ah dheriptiuns of property. The righi
to legislate in the Territories depends on the i <n
trac tol cession. His opinion was that the thou u»r
tide of the treaty by which Louisiana was acqui red
stands protected by the Constitution, and cannot be
repealed by Congress, and that the act oflb\M».
known tus the Missouri Compromise,, violates the
leading features of the Constitution, on which the
Union depends, and which secures to all citizens
common rights. lie therefore held that the act was
void, and concurred with his brother judges that
the plaintiff, Dred Scott, is a slave, and was one
when this suit was brought.
Washington, March 7. —Judge McLean deliver
od his view’s in the Dred Scott case to-day, arguing
that slavery is limited to the range of the state
where it is established by municipal law. If Con
gress deem slaves or free colored persons injurious
to & territory, they have the power to prohibit them
from becoming Settlers thereon. The power to ac
quire territory < arries the power to govern it. The
roaster does not carry with him to (he territory the
law of the state lrom which he removes ; hence the
M issouri Compromise was consitutioiial, and the pre
sumption is in favor of freedom. Dred Scott and
his family were free under the decisions of the last
twenty-eight years.
J udge Curtis dissented from the opinion of the
majority of the Court as delivered by Chief Justice
Taney, and gave his reasons for the dissent. He
maintained that native born colored persons can be
citizens of States and of the Unitea States: that
Dred Scott and his family were free when they re
turned to Missouri ; that the power of Congress to
make all needful rules and regulations respecting
the territory was not, as the majority of the Court
expressed, limited to Territory belonging to the
United States at the time of the adoption of the
Constitution, but has been applied to five subse
quent acquisitions of land; that Congress has pow
er to exclude slavery from the Territories, having
established eight Territorial Governments without,
and recognised slavery in six, from the days of
Washington to John Quincy Adams.
The opinion occupied five hours in delivery.
Judges W ayne, Grier, Campbell, and I iauiel had
papers expressing their views pn certain points of
opinion of the Court, but did not read them.
Adjourned till the time fixed by law.
Hretl Scott Case—Disseminn Opinions ofJiiffjjes
HcLenn and Curtin.
Associate Justice McLean proceeded to express
his views in the case of Dred Scott against Sanford.
After stating the facta relative to the subject, the
plea as to jurisdiction is radically defective. It had
never been held necessary that to constitute a citi
zen, a man should have the qualifications of an
elector. Females and minors may sue in the fede
ral Couits, and so may an individual who has his
domicil in tbe State in which he may sue. The
most geneial definition of a citizen is a freeman.—
The plea does not show Dred Scott to be a slave.
It does not follow a man is not free whose ancestors
were slaves. It. was said colored citizens are not
agreeable members of society ; but this was more
a matter of taste than of law. Several of the States
have admitted such persons to the right of suffrage,
and recognised them as citizens ; and this has been
done in slave as well as in free States. On the sub
ject of citizenship we have not been very fastidious.
Under the late treaty with Mexico, we have made
citizens of all grades, combinations and colors.—
The same was done in the cases of Louisiana and
Florida. No one ever doubted, nor a court
held, that the inhabitants did not become citizens
under the treaties. They have become citizens
without being naturalized.
Throughout the continent of Europe, without ex
ception, it has been held that slavery can exist only
in territory where it has been established, and be
yond that the master cannot sustain himself save by
Houle express stipulation. There is no nation in
Europe which considers itself bound to return the
master his fugitive slave, under the civil law or the
law of nations. The slave is held to be free where
there is no treaty, obligation or contract to return
him to his master. In the case of Prigg against the
State of Pennsylvania, the state of slavery is deem
ed to be a mere municipal regulation, founded and
limited to the range of the State which enacts il.—
This was the decision in the case of Somerset, in
England, which was decided before the American
Revolution. Congress has no power to interfere
witii slavery in tbe States, or to regulate what is
commonly called the slave trade among the several
States. We know that James Mauison—that great
and good man—was particular to regard slaves es
eaping from service or labor as “persons,” ahd not
as property. While he (Judge McLean) agreed
that this government was not made for the colored
race, yet many of them in the New England States
exercised the right of suffrage when the Constitu
tion was adopted ; and it was not doubled that its
tendency would be to ameliorate the condition of
that race. Many of the States took measures to
abolish slavery ; and it is a well known fact that the
belief was cherished by 1 eadingmen, both of the
South and the North, that the institution of slavery
would gradually decline, until it should become ex
tinct.
All slavery has its origin against natural riglit.
If in making tho necessary rides and regulations
respecting the public lands, a territorial or tempora
ry government is requisite, Congress has the power
to establish it. The power to acquire carries with
it the power to govern. Congress can exercise no
power prohibited by the constitution, nor has it
power to regulate the internal concerns of a State.
If Congress deem slaves or fjjee persons ol color in
iurious to a territory, it has the power to prohibit
them from becoming settlers therein. Where a ter
ritorial government has been established on slave
territory, it has uniformly remained in that condi
tion; so when the territory was free; and this was
attended with satisfactory results. The sovereignty
of the Federal government extends to all territory
of the United S'ates. If we have the right to &c
--quire territory, we have the right to govern it; .and
this lias always been exercised. The constitution
was framed for the whole country, and the prohibi
tioigof slavery north of 30 30 was constitutional
Where there is no local law establishing slavery,
the master cannot control the will of the slave by
force, and the presumption is iu favor of freedom.
The master, in going into a territory, does not carry
with him the law of the State from which he re
moves. Slavery, he repeated—-or property in hu
man beings—does not arise from the international
or common law, but from a mere municipal regula
tion. There was no just ground for the argument,
that this was exclusively a Missouri question. Died
Scott and his family were free under decisions giv
en within the last t wenty eight years. A slave who
acquires his freedom by his removal to another
State, cannot be reduced to slavery by his return
ing to the State from which he emigrated. So far
from this being merely a Missouri case, it is one
which comes under the twenty-fifty section of the ju
diciary act and, therefore, may bo brought for the
revision of tflis court from the Supreme Court of the
State of Missouri.
Associate Justice Curtis gave his reason for dis
senting from the majority of the court. The ques
tion is, whether a person of African descent can be
a citizen of the United States. The constitution
use? the language, “citizens of the United States
ntthe time of the adoption” of that instrument, r»-
ferring to those who were citizens under the confed
eration. It may, therefore, be safely said, the citi
zens of the several States under the confederation,
were citizens of the United States undet the consti
tution. It is a fact that all the free native bom sub
jects of New Hampshire, Massachusetts, New York
and North Carolina, descended from the African
race, w ere not only citizens, but possessed the fran
chise of electors on equal terms with other, or white
citizens. Those colored persons were not only in
cluded with the body of white persons in the adop
tion of the constitution, but had the power to aud
did act in its adoption. Under the constitution
every free person burn on the soil of a State, and
made a citizen by force of ts constitution and laws
is a citizen of the United f States. Having stated
the ground of liis opinion, and explained the provi
sions of the constitution, he said that every citizen
at the time of the adoption of that instrument was so
recognized, and no power was conferred to discrimi
nate between color or deprive any one of his jfian
chise. It is not true in point of fact that, the consti
tution was formed in order to secure to the people
of tho United States and their posterity the bless
ing of liberty, and as for the colored citizens in live
of the States they were among those for whom the
constitution was ordained and established. Color,
iu the opinion of the framers of the constitution, was
not necessary to constitute citizenship under the
constitution of the United States , and it might be
added that the power to make colored persons citi- j
zens has been acted upon in repeated instances—in i
the treaties with the ('hoctaws, the Cherokees, and
that ot Guadalupe Hidalgo, in 1848. And he ar
rived at the following conclusions :
I.—That the free native born citizens of each
State at the formation of the Constitution became
citizens of the United States. 2. That free colored
persons born within some of the States, and citizens
of those States, were also citizens of the United
States. 3. That every such citizen residing in any
State, has the right to sue and be sued in the fed
eral court of the State in which he resides. 4. As
the plea to jurisdiction in this case shows no fact ex
cept as to African descent, and as this fact is not in
consistent with citizenship of the United States, the
decision of the Circuit Court of Missouri was in
correct. He, therefore, dissented from the opinion
of the majority of the court that a person of the
African race cannot be a citizen of the United
States. He did not believe the opinions ol the
court on questions not legitimately before it, to be
binding. He believed, however, that the court has
jurisdiction in this case, aud maintained that, under
tlui.la.Wii. us Missouri, nnd hi? muitly
were free persons on their return to that State.—
There was nothing in history or in the language of
the Constitution which restrains the power to make
all needful rules and regulations respecting the ter
of the United States, to euch territory only
as was owned by the United States at the time
of the adoption of the Constitution. He was not
aware that such a suggestion had ever before been
made. Four distinct acquisitions of territory had’been
made, and six States formed upon them have been
admitted into the Union. Such a con rooted con
struction as that to which he referred was incon
sistent with the nature and purposes of the Consti
tution, as expressed in its language lie would
construe that clause of the Constitution thus—
Congress shall have power to make all needful rules
and regulations respecting' those tracts .of country
without the limits of the United States, and which
the United States have or may acquire by cession,
as well of jurisdiction as of soil, so far as the soil is
the property of the parties making the cession.
Congress has power to legislate with regard to the j
Territories until they shall apply for admission into 1
the Union as Suites. The laws must be “needftH/*
and are left to legislative discretion. There are
two classes oi acts . and in eight distinct instances, ,
beginning:with the first Congress, and enmiut down 1
to Congress has excluded slavery from tbe
Territories ; and there are six distinct instances in
which Congress has organized governments for tei
ritories, and recognized slavery, and continued it
therein ; aiso, beginning with the Congress
coming down to 1822. These acta were signed by
seven Presidents, coming regularly down from
Washington to John Quincey Adams, thus mciud
*ng ail those who were in public life when the Con
stitution was adopted. This should have much
weight on the question of construction, and it
would be difficult to resist the force of the .acts to
which reference was made. His opinion was, the
decision of the Circuit Court of Missouri should be
reversed, and the cause remanded lor a new trial.
Messrs. Wayne. Daniel, Grier and Campbell had
ftlso prepared papers expressive of their views on
particular points, but they were not read.
The Court adjourned to the day fixed by iaw.
Deplorable Accident. —A child about two
years old, and son of Mr T B. Scott. Postmaster at
Seat's Station, Ala., was horribly burnt on Tuesday
evening last, and from the effects of which the
child died on yesterday morning. It appeals that
the child, with a negro child, was in the kitchen at
the time, and from playing too near the or
fire, its garments were caught into a devouring
blaze, and though the flames were extinguished
with a bucket, of water, tie injuries were so serious
as to terminate in a painful death. —Caluwwus Sun.
Easilt Pleased.—We have received several
Democratic exchanges exhibiting their inability to
| give the full names of ail the new Cabinet ©fiLiers
by prefixing dashes to Floyd and and Black, thus:
- Floyd, Black. Yet they are wonderfully
delighted, with the Cabinet, and think it just the
thine. The new Administration is in no danger ot
factious opposition from politicians so easily pleased.
CotutnOus Enquirer.
Ladies Dress in the Northwest. —-The follow
ing is the style of travelling dress worn in winter by
the ladies in Minnesota and the Lake Superior
country A pair of Buffalo boot*, a buffalo over
coat, a’ large otter cap and a pair of fur pantaloon*
Adjourn meal of Coagrew*.
! IL e of the Thirty-Fourth Congress of
the United States came to an end yesterday lore
noon under- circumstances mort- discouraging— not
to say WafiSNible—then any which have ever be
fore ta«e*> under our observation. The appropri
ation bi.h. we believe, au got through after some
fashion, by the ac ive and nnfrearied exertions of
the chairmen of the Finance Committees of the two
Houses, and by prolonging the .session nntil noon
orth** 4th ot March, and several other measures
enacted oy Uik ug tiietn on the appropriation
-taint; bill mass of bu*in*-s has fallen through,
ujurh o; ii being even denied au opportunity to
be rep, r ed by tbe eommlttees whieb bad matured it.
W e supposed that w|... n this Congress hud vote d
to its members liberal filed salaries it would have
been regarded by them as a point of honor to give
the .’‘.me laitbful attention to the transaction at the
nubile business as wo exhibited by the Fourteenth
Congress, when the first salary compensation wo iu
teree; but never were hopes more sa ily disappoint
ed „ \\ hat w;tu tne great portion of each dav of
the sesstjw ctmsumed in debate. impedimenta
constantly thro vn m thewgV of Hines* by that
pecyhar fhqne ot JeKfelfiorjPJrho systematically op
po»e everything but the nnqua! appropriations." aid
. fb® anomalous nature of the rules qf proceed
mg, wmch require a two-third? vote for every tuo
turn the great mass of trasinees whs crowded into
the last week of the session, and for several days
we seriously feared au utter break-down, aud the
necessity oi convening the new Congress to pass
those measures requisite to carry on the Govern
ment.
Under these circumstances, our readers will ex
cuse us it at this moment we are unable to give
them an intelligible summary of the proceedings
which marked the closing hours of the late session.
Amidst the confused mass of propositions hurried
through Lie foimsot legislation with a precipitance
Which though rendered necessary by the antece
dent laches of Congress, nfffct still be regarded as
very little conducive to « wise discrimination on its
part, we find it difficult to ascertain what has been
done or what hae been left undone during the last
twenty-four hours of the lfte Congressional term.—
V\ e may cite, however, ns a single illustration of the
evil we deplore, that even a measure of beneficent
legislation like .hat mrtjk.rizing the duties lo be re
stored on goo.-, eoiouirtod !>y the great fire ill Xew
York, during the year iXlo, failed Hi the <li array
and confusion of the hour to receive the signatures
of the presiding officers, even after it had passed
both Houses ol Congress.
I t becomes a serious question for the considera
tion of tho country, whether such a mode of legis
lation ia tor be regarded as a necessary incident of
representative Government', or whether its origin
should be attributed to certain defects hi the eonsti
tution or organization of Congress which admit of a
sure if not an easy cure. In proportion as legisla
tive responsibility is spread over a broader surface,
there is doubtless a tendency on the part of its in
dividual depositaries to ignore or forget that special
and personal obligati n which imposes upon each
constituent)neniber of the body the same measure
of fidelity Which the country expects of Congress as
a whole; and, if we mistake not, tho time has
already couie when the people of each Congressional
district should hold their particular legislator to a
stricter sense of his representative duty, not only to
them’,* but id’ the country at large, lest by merging
his personality in the mass'of those whom the public
agrees to inculpate by a general censure, the roots
Os the evil should fail to be reached by a necessary
application of Lhat censure to particular cases. If
even the time that is wastefully frittered away in
unnecessary—not to sav factious—calling of the
yeas and nays on nearly all questions which en
counter the opposition of an inconsiderable portion
of the members oj' either House were devoted to
1 he patient consideration of the substantial interests
of the country and to the legitimate subjects of na
tional legislation, we should not be called to witness
such an unseemly and prejudicial haste in the trans
action of the public business during the closing hours
of each Congressional session.
It would, however, be unjust if, while giving ex
pression to the conviction forced upon us by the
facts and circumstances thus designated, we did
not except from the scope aud application of our
rem arks the chairmen of the leading committees in *
both branches of Congress, as well as the able ayul
impartial Speaker of the lut*; House of Xtepresen
taves, unsurpassed, if not unequalled, by any of his
predecessors in the same responsible and exacting
chair. If the dispatch of the public business was
often impeded, and sometimes wholly frustrated,
the fault cannot fairly be laid at their door, since
the assiduity of the former, so far as they fell under
his jurisdiction, was ably seconded by the efficiency
of tho latter.
In thus hastily,alluding to the scenes which cha
racterized the la£fc hours of the session just closed,
wiq have but sought To discharge a public duty,
winch, by reason of its gravity, may claim, as it
deserves, a more thorough aud exhaustive conside
ration than we are able at present to give. If the
evil be not, as we are glad to believe, one which
grows radically out of our representative institu
tions, the obligation becomes only the more incum
bent upon the people to discover and apply the ap
propriate remedy. One such we have already hint
ed at, which ,would alone. In our opinion, suffice to
effect a cure, if those who are most deeply interested
in the character and efficiency of the men who re
present them in the Natioqp’ Councils would in
terpret aud apply it rightly .—NaL. Intel.
The Chinese War.
Extract of letter dated Macao, December 28,1856
received by a mercantile house in Baltimore.
Referring to the enclosed circular by last mail, we
have, owing to the hurried departure of this steam
er, but little time to advise of occurrences of tho
past fortnight for details of which we list refer you
to the public prints. The Calcutta steamer of Kith,
will have overtaken the mail of loth at Singapore,
and given you the intelligence of the success of the
Chinese in effecting the destruction of the whole of
the foreign residences at Canton The fire broke
out in several places on the night erf the 14th, and by
noon of Hit,h, nothing remained to murk the site but
a mass of ruins.
This success has very much emboldened the
Chinese, followed a« it has been by their capture or
the British brig ’ Anopyinn; attack upon the river
steamers kidnapping ol foreign residents of Wham
poa, Ate. The English force are manifestly unable
to do more than "protect their own war steamers—
that portion on shore at Canton coukl not for a mo
ment arrest, the progress of the conflagration.
Hong Kong is in a most critical situation, and
we me in hourly expectation of some signal disaster
at that place. The town swarms with Chinese out
laws who are awaiting their opportunity to avail
themselves ot Yell’s offer of pardon and reward by
the destruction of tho colony.
We can see no possible end to this state of things
until the Englh forces arrive in sufficient numbers
to give a terrioie punishment to the authorities and
people of Canton aud the province. The Chinese
naturally feel more sanguine than ever of “driving
all foreigners into the sea.” and no arrangement can
be made with them until they learn the real power
of foreign nations.
A letter to. the New York Times from a corres
pondent on-board the U. 8. sloop of-war Ports
mouth, gives the following particulars in regard to
the events succeeding the destruction of the foreign
factories.
Ever since the destruction of the “ factories” the
Admiral has been throwing shell, shot, rockets,
into the city, uol directing them, ns heretofore, at
the public buildings merely, but sending them indie
criiuinately in all parts of the city. He has aiso en
trenched himself in the “factory” gardens. All sorts
of rumors are rife as to what he intends to do. The
general impression is that he wifi burn the city. He
has not yet force enough to justify him in the attempt
to capture and hold it. He seems to be making de
liberate preparations for protracted hostilities, and
I can hardly suppose that anything very decisive
will be clone until he receives reinforcements from
India or from England. There is more and more
need every day of the arrival of such reinforce
ments. The Chinese* encouraged by their complete
success in the destruction of the “ factories,” have
been emboldened to other energetic offensive acts
aud to more definite and alarming threats.
Ten days ago Mr. Cooper, an English resident of
Whampoa, and the proprietor of an extensive dock
yard at that place, was kidnapped from on board
his “chop,” under the very gun? of the frigate Sy
bille. Up to the time all search for iiim has been in
vain. Whether he is in the power of tbe mandarins,
or whether this abduction was only a private enter
prise of individual Chinese* stimulated by the hope
of obtaining a heftvy ransom, is uncertain. Every
effort has been made by the Admiral to ascertain
his whereabout? and to secure his restoration to his
friends, but without success. It h said that Sir
Michael Seymour has even threatened to bum
Whampoa aud the surrounding villages if Mr. Coo
per is not, brought back. About the same time that
Mr. Cooper was kidnapped, an attack was made
upon the post-boat Thistle, on one of her regular
trips from Canton to Hong Kong, by a large fleet
of junks, and two or three men on board the steamer
were killed. Such acts ns these indicate very plain
ly an increased boldness on the part of the Chinese
—a boldness and confidence which is further appa
rent from the tone of their official proclamations
and public papers. They threaten to burn Hong
Kong, and it has been found necessary to strength
en the police, to adopt new organizations for pro
tection against fire, and to place guards from the
59th Regiment at various places in the town.
Meantime the rebels are avaiiingthemselvesol the
distracted state ot affairs to pursue witii great ener
gy their piracies and robberies; In the neighbor
hood of Whampoa they have been capturing, plun
dering and burning villages, aud several engage
ments of more or less importance have already taken
place between their fleet of junks and that of the
imperialists. X think I meuiioued in mv laat letter
*iiai mese w-vaiieu xtcuels have no connection with
the Revolutionists of the North tinder Tae Ping-
Wang, but are merely outlaws banded together for
the purpose of plundering wherever opportunity
offers.
The health of the squadron is much better than
it was a few week? ago. Tbe men are recovering
from the effects of their exposure and exhaustion
at the •• Barrier. Quite a number, however, will
be soop invalided home—probaly a dozen at lejst
from the Portsraounth alone.
The most recent advices from 8 anghae state
that news of tne troubles at Canton has reached
the Emperor at Pekin, and that he has sent orders
to Governor Y’ek to conclude hostilities. Whether
this report is true time will show. G. B. B.
Mk Benton in a Factors Boarding House.—
Mr. Benton, in his late visit, called at a factory
boarding house in Lowell, Miss., which be thus de
scribes: “ They five in large, stuieHy, elegant
houses, and you enter in the same manner aa vou
enter a parlor-in Washington. You ring the bell
amt wait till tho girl comes and opeus the door. You
arc- shown mty tne parlor where you see the same
kind of funfffmv a? yon will in a Congressman's
hnardi ng house in Washington city. You sit down
and inquire for whom you want. It vas near din
ner Lour when I A'eni up so one of these houses, and
1 c rri-fl mV curiosity so far as to ask the mistress of
;bc house to take me mto the cooking department
and show me how she cooked. She saio she was
takeu unawares and was not prepared for it. I said
that was exactly the thing I wanted ; I wanted to
see it as it was every day. Wiiiiout more ado she
opened the door and led me m. and there was cook
ing goinar on hi a room so neat that a lady might sit
there and carry on her sewing or ornamental worts.
Ibis was the condition iu widen I iound the houses
of the operatives, and to all the comforts they add
the leisure to read and cultivate thr* mind. 1 dwell.
upon thatfellow-citizen*,asoneof the circumstance*
which -traek me in my visit to Ne w-Kagiand.”
A Young Liquor-Sei ler Convicted.— At Cam
bridge. Mass . la.- 1 week, a boy named Hoyle was
convicted of selling liquor in Woburn, and wes sen
tenceu to the House of Correction. The boy is
onlv eight years old, and his mother is now in the
House of Correction for the same offence. After
her sentence, it is said, the boy undertook to carry
on the business, came to Boston and bought his li
quor and made his bargains with the of a vet
eran dealer. He sold at the rate of a barrel a week
until his career was stopped The jury, in finding
him gttilty ; recommended him to mercy, on acconn
of bis extreme youth.
The Visiting Military —Such wa e the vast
nesa of the influx of strangers mto the city and the
number? of military companies continually arriving
yesterday, that we cannot pretend to much preci
sion in our statement of the latter. Up to the time
of writing this we heard of the arrival of company
K. U. S artillery. Major French commanding : the
Charlestown City Guard, Captain Pierce ; Lancas
ter tPa-i State Fenciblez, Capt. Duchman ; Willard 1
Guard, of Auburn, New York, the Young Guard,
Capt Richardson, and the Montgomery Guards,
Capt. Moore, both of Richmond. Virginia; and the
Albany Burgesses Guard, of Albany, New York
We*oticedUbo the Union Cornet Bund of Phila
delphia.--.Wa/. Inieflufencer, 4/A inst
DcuiorraUi- and iTv.-n.il ( nnti.ian : \Jirn
Nnflrnge.
j Loud and oft repeated, says the Oohmihus /?/.*-
I gnirej'f have been the Democratic chargee, made
here in Georgia, that tlie Freesoiicrfor Black Rr -
I publicans of the North sympathised »n the Ameri
can movement, and were allies of the Americans.
| 2J? "tneric&u National Counoils and Convention at
j Philadelphia purged the party of <ill Ere croft here
* Pies, aud kicked the Black Republican prerenders
; from the organization—still the charge was perrirt
: eil iu Ibe Black Republicans soon thereafter met
j in Convention, nominated Froymom aud Davton,
j passed resolutions covertly denouncing Americanism
and open.y courting the Foreign aud treated
with ftaperc hons Sc orn a party of Freesoi! Ameri
cans who proposed a union with thorn—still the
charge was reaffirmed more vehemently than be
fore !
Now, however, a test has been applied, aud we
tiiKi H.I tlie r reegoilers and a large }»nrtk>n of the
Democrats of the American Senate lovingly uniting
;u support of Alien Suffrage in the Territories * * * *
It will be seen [by reference to debates on the Min
nesota bi . hVb. “1] that a Southern Democrat (Mr.
Biggs, c*fN. C.j firrt proposed lo amend the House
bnl providing the mode for the adoption of a State
Government in Minnesota, by* striking out tne clause
admitting the votes oi* unriaUraltzed -aliens. The
Senate passed this amendment by a close vote—ail
the Fillmore Americans and a number of Demo
crats voting for it; while 11 Black Republicans and
Id Democrats coalesced in support of alien suffrage.
Only two Black Republicans— Fish of N. Y. and
Foote of \ t.—voting fb* Biggs’ amendment: aud
one oi these (hoote) afterwards deserted it and
voted with the great body oi his party. Mr. Fish,
the only I? reesonler who supported the bill, is uni
versally regarded as the most conservative and least
dangerous Senator of his parly. After this vote
on Biggs’ amendment, the noted Black Republican,
Jack Hale, moved a reconsideration, and succeeded
in rallying his own party and a sufficient number of
Democrats to reinstate the clause allowing alien
suffrage, and pass the bill in that outrageous shape
One of our Georgia Senators, Mr. Toombs, voted
constantly to retain anu permit alien suffrage; while
Senator Iverson (to his honor be it spoken) steadily
supported Biggs amendment.
Nome curious declarations aud admissions were
made in the debate on this question. Mr. Brod
head stated (what we have heretofore declared)
when the Kansas-Nebraska hill was passed in
• ’.j . was ihe ouly North ' n member who sanc
tioned ‘from beginning to end” the proposition to
amend by prohibiting alien suffrage. But Brofc
head Las lost favor with his party, and was hardly
mentioned for re-election in the contest for bis seat
the other day between Forney and Cameron, (Beau
ties both ) Mr. Clay, the free spoken and chivalrous
Senator from Alabama, made tho significant coii
tession tlmt 11 hr c. red in voting for the Nebraska
bill after Clayton’s amendment (similar to Biggs’)
was stricken out and Butler, of S. C\, made the
nardly less'interesting announcement that he “yield
ed from the necessity of the ease to save the bill.”
hoit is confessed by these statements of Brodhead,
(flay and Butler, that the Freesoilers and Northern
Democracy dictated this provision of tlie Kansas-
Nebraska biff, and would not suffer it to be passed
without terms allowing alien suffrage. Why they
wanted alien suffrage iu the Territories, is disclosed
by the remark of Seward, the masterspirit of Black
Republicanism, in the same debate— 41 these new
States are to be chiefly by. aliens and foreign
ers. And because these aliens aud foreigners go
there in the pay and do Uie work of Abolitionists,
he esteems them “as capable of exercising the func
tion of self-government as our own educated citi
zens !”
The New .Senate.
The following is a list of the members who will
constitute the United States Senate for the next two
years, and to whom the appointments of the new
President are to be submitted for contiritiaUon :
President. John C. Breckinridge.
Secretary Asbury Dickens.
Number of members
Democrats iu Ko, au; Republicans in Vm all caps;
Americans in italic.
Term.
I MICHiOAN. Expires
Charles E. .Stuart..... 1859
\ Zach. Chandler....lht«3
I Albert G. 8r0n..-... 1859
| Jefferson Davis 1*863
Mi&sornr
I James L. Green .1861
I Tnis ten P lk . ...1863
NEW HAMPSHIRE.
j John p. Hale 1859
3 a nup- BKI.t ...1861
NEW YORK.
Wm. *l.'Seward 1861
Preston King 186^
NEW .1 KRSI-rY.
W v 1
R. Thompson 1863
NORTH C AKULINA.
David .S. Reid 1859
Asa Biggs.. 1861
OHIO.
George E. Pugh 1861
Benj. f. Wade 1363
PEN v sVLV ANIT.
William BUler 1861
Simon Camkron 1863
RHODE ISLAND.
Philip Alien 1859
James f. Simmons. ..1863
SOLID CAROLINA.
Josiah J. Evans .1859
A. P. 8ut1er.....* 1861
TENNESSEE.
John Bell 1859
A Democrat ..1863
TEXAS.
Sam Houston 1859
j Thomas J. Husk 1863
I VERMONT,
i Jacob Coll vmer. .*-1861
| .Solomon Foot 1863
i VIRGINIA.
I R.M. limiter 1859
J James M. Mason 1863
ALABAMA. J Kxpi-cs. |
Clement C. Clay, Jr... ib5J
iienj. Fitzpatrick ltt ii [
ARKANSAS.
Win. K. Sebastian 18-59 |
Rober t V* T . J ohuson... 1801 1
eq.NNKCTtCUT. I
La’ttk .S. Foster IfIGJ |
James Dix n 1863 |
CALIFORNIA.
Wm. M. Gwin l8t»i I
David C. Broderick.. JbiH
DELAWARE.
Martin W. Bates J 859
Janus A. Bayard 1863
FL&UD i.
David L Yulee 1861
Stephen R. Mff iory... 1803
GEORGIA.
It<>bert To<>mbs ] 859
Alfred Iv erson 1861
INDIANA.
* Graham N. Fitch .. . 1861
Jesse D. Bright 1803
ILLINOIS.
Stephen A. Douglas..lßs9
Lyman Trumbui i 1861
IOWA.
George W. J ones ] 859
James Harlan ltiii
KENTUCKY.
John ii. Thompso .... 1659
John J. Crittenden .... 1861
LOUISIANA.
J. P. Benjamin 1859
John Slidell 1861
MAINE.
Wm. P. Fi>sem)en . .1859
l. annual Hamlin.. .1663 j
MASSACHUSETTS.
Henry Wll»u.n 1659 |
Charles Sumner ]BO3 1
Maryland. |
.Tames A. Pierce 1861
Anthony Kennedy 1863 |
WISCONSIN.
CH AKUCS DtXUKKK ..-1861
James r. Doolitti.k J 863
RECAPITULATION.
Democrats 37
Republicans 20
Americans.... 5
Total . .... 62
Most of the new members bave been sworn intooftieo.
"Contested.
Postal Convention Between tlie United Sullen
ami France.
We are authorized to elate Iliat a Postal Conven
tion haft been concluded between the United States
and France, having been sinned on the 2d instant
by James Campbell, Post Master General, on (lie
part of this Government, and by Count deSartiges,
Minister, Hr <*., on the part of Prance. It i« to go
into effect on the Ist ol' .April next.
The rate for a letter of thw weight of one-quarter
ot an ounce, is fitteeu cents, and fifteen rents for
each additional quarter of an ounce, or fraction of a
quarter of an ounce, f rom any pari of tiic United
Slates to any part ot Prance or Algeria ; prepay
ment optional. The postage i,- Ihe same whether
the letter passes t hrough England or direct to or
from Prance.
The rates on letters of a quarter of an ounce, or
under, for countries beyond Prance, will be as fol
lows, viz :
Great Britain, Belgium, the Low Countries, the
Grand Duchy of Luxemburg, tin- Swiss Cantons,
the Sardinian States, and the German Staten, (ex
cept the Empire of Austria) l! cents to destination .
prepayment optional.
Denmark, Empire ol AusLiia, Servia, Tuscany,
States ol the Church and Duchies of Parma and
Modena, 'll cents to destination : prepayment op
tional.
Russia, Poland, the wo Sicilies, Malta,flic King
dom of Greece, Alexandria, Jaffa, Beyrout, Tripoli
in Syria,Laifakia, Alexandretla, Masina, Rhodes,
Smyrna, Mitylene, the Dardanelles, GaUipolis, Cpn
stantinople. Tunis, Tangiers, Pondicherry, Karikal,
Yanoan, Mahe and Cliandemager, JO cents to des
tination ; prepayment optional.
Kingdoms of Sweden and Norway, 313 cento to des
tination ; prepayment optional.
Spain, Portugal, and Gibraltar,2l cents to Belio
bia ; prepayment require^.
lonian Islands, 27 cento to Trieste , prepayment
required.
Aden, East Indies, Ceylon, Mauritius, Isle of Re
union, Penang, Singapore, Hong Kong. Shanghai,
China, Batavia, and other countries whose eorres
pondence can advantageously be sent by Suez, 3(1
cents to seaport of the Indies or sea of China to
which the British packets piy ; prepayment re
quired.
Countries beyond sens other than those designa
ted, 30 co ts to port of arrival in the country of des
tination ; prepayment, required.
As the balances i.pw in use in our post offices are'
adjusted to no weig’t below the half-ounce, the
quarter ounce may be ascertained by placing a die
(a new quarter of a dollar will answer) oftheweight
of a quarter of an ounce upon the plate of the bal
ance with the letter.
The previous arrangement for printed matter, oil
which each country collects its own postage,remains
unchanged. The United States postage on news
papers is two cents each and on periodicals and
pamphlets one cent an ounce, or fraction of au
ounce ; prepayment required. Books and all other
kinds ot printed matter are chargeable with the
United States domestic rates ; prepayment also re
quired.— Nat. Intel.
Thf. Steamship America in Russia.— This
steamship, concerning which there arose gome mis
understanding some time since at a South Ameri
can port, a British admiral being determined to
seize her as a Russian Vessel, lias entered the Ainonr
river in Siberia, and was there sold to the Russian
CohJohn 11. Barr, ot Wilmington, Delaware, who
has been employed by tie- Russian government ns
her chief engineer for one year, at a high salary.—
Young Barr, writing home from the Amoor river,
says:
My business will be to remain on board the
■America until the arrival of the ship Europe, from
Philadelphia, which is now daily expected. She
brings out a cargo of machinery for this place, con
sisting of two iron steamers of ligirt draft, and all
the machinery, tools and appurtenances of a first
class machine shop and fouudery. I am to superin
tend its erection in all its details. There is anothe
American with me. one of my first acquaintance- in
California, Mr. Mard : lie came - out .chief engineer
of the steamship from New York,and nowhasbeen
appointed general superintending engineer of the
whole motive power of this l iver and harbor. The
government of Russia intend making this place the
Black Sea of Russia; all the fleet of the Black Sea
will be here next summer or fall-, more than twelve
steamships are expected at t his port.
•Seduction and Murder in Kentcckv—During
the earlv part of our Circuit Court, a .Mrs. Eno and
her husband (formerly of '•'ardstown, now- living in
or near New Haven,) made complaint ’hat she had
been seduced by mean- of chloroform, Ac . by Rob
ert Ford ; that she had become encicule by'him; and
that be had endeavored to produce ab ortion. Find
ing it not probable, under ail the circumstances,
that she could get any satisfaction, at l,w euc de
termined to get satisfaction some other way Ou
Wednesday last, while Ford was hi a store at New
Haven, making some purchases, Mrs. Eno entered,
drew a pistol, fired, a id shot him through the body!
He died next day. Mrs Eno was arrested, and is
now in the hands of the officers ot the law. Bards
Gnz.
Bonds or Commerce between Esguard and
the L sited .NTatEr—The (rfficial Commerce and
Navigation taules tor the year Rj&b iprut-d by the
Treasury Department of the United St tes ißUitrate
forcibly the powerful way in which we arc connec
ted with the States and they with us by our mutual
trade, and afford ground* stronger than ever for be
lieving that British Colonies when they cease to be
dependencies will yet afford the greatest scope’-for
the irade of the old Slotbei country The indepen
dence of America has not ruined us —our commerce
with our former Colonics very far exceeds that
which we carry ou with any other state, and in
creases rapidly. —London Spectator.
Miss Reneau s Memoriae.—Mr. A-lams, ol Mis
sissippi, presented a petition to the Senate of the
United States on the I3rh n’t., from Miss Sally Eoia
Reneau, of Grenada, Mi"s., urging upon Congress
the great subject of female education, aud earnest
ly entreating that a grant of the unappropriated
public lands of Mississippi me.y be made bv Con
gress for the purpose of endowing and permanently
establishing the State Female College (or Universi
ty: of Mississippi, chartered by the Legislature of
said State, cm the memorial of said memorialist, for
the purpose of educating one indigent girl to each
member of the Legislature, for teachers in the pri
mary schools and colleges of the State —Mississippi
paper.
Tart.—Diogenes being asked of what beast the
bite was must dangerous, answered, “Os wild beasts
tbat of a of tame, that of a flatterer.
It nil way* ami Revolver* in (teorgin Again!
Mr. K. Cttvler, P-resident of the Central Railroad
* of Georgia, say? the New York Evening Post, has
forwarded to the London Times the depositions of
' the conductor, two onguieiuen. three liremen, and
k* the line, denying that
any dimeulty occurred on the occasion of John Ar
rows mu ii s celebrated trip. Arrowsmith set* all the
testimony aside by the following letter to the Times,
and. extraordinary as it may uppoaf, some of the
Lng ish papers, the L. vevp.>«>l Mercury, for instance,
prelor to credit his story rather than the mass of
1 proof sent trom America iu eon?radfetioa Sat.
1 RepuStiCau.
“ Sik : —I have perused the ietter in your columns
of to-dav from the President of the Georgia Rail
way, ana also the depositions and certificates. My
attention was attracted io the day mentioned in the
depositions—viz. Thursday. Recollecting it was
Friday l leitMaeon, and Saturday morning that 1
arrived in Augusta, I have referred to my diary,
which l had not. with me when 1 wrote my narra
tive, and which I have never opened siuee my ar
rival till now, and there I find the following entry:
“ FiiiDAY, August 29.—Left Montgomery at 0 a.
m. ior Columbus; 3 p. m., left Columbus for Macon;
left Macon for Augusta at a quarter past 7 r. .m. :
reached at 3$ a. m.
” For the fault of writing so grave a narrative
without carelul reference to the most minute par
ticulars 1 am to blame.
“The accuracy o r the extract from my diary can
be tested by the President, or any oue interested,
by reference to the registers of the Augusta Hotel
at Augusta, the hotel at the railway terminus, Ma
con ; the hold at Columbus, and at the Montgom
ery Hail, Montgomery, iu which registers 1 signed
my name In connection with my name at these
places, is that.of a gentleman who traveled with
me trom Mobile, whose name I do not recollect.
“There are also other names iu connection with
mine at Augusta and Mac m, of persons who, no
doubt, traveled iu the same train with me. If any
of these could be brought foi ward to give like evi
dence, the denial would be complete, and I should
be happy to partake of the unbelief it would war
rant , but it would not establish for me, with those
who know me, a character for “mendacity,” or de
pravity of mind a d intellect, nor would it ever ob
literate irom my mind the sight of the body of the
young mhu killed in the cur, or the tears sbetl by the
father, who went in the same omnibus tc th„ noiel *
in Augusta with iue, wheu he said he was the last
child left.
“Were f as tree to meet the Judgment day as l
am m this matter, it would bo well with me.
Liverpool, Feb. 13. Jno. Arrow-smitH.”
“P. S. As uu act of Justice, please say that the
heading 4 Railways "and Revolvers in Georgia/ was
your own.” - .
Married Her Father’s Coachman.—Mr. John
(I. linker is a rather pronfhu ut importer of wines
and liquors, doing business at No. 93 Front street.
Mi. Boker’s residence is in Tarry town, where lie
keeps a turn-out and a coachman lie spends the
Winter in the city with his son-in-law, Mr. Louis
h uuke, jr., at his residence, No. 135 West Twenty
second street. Mr. Boker has a daughter Mary
Ann, t wenty-two years old, and for a year or two
past has had an Irish coachman, John Dean, with a
very red face, an honest brogue and a hearty, aim
pie manner—modest, too, for an Irislmrau. li must
have been rather lonely in Tarry town ; they lived
there only three in the family—Mr. aud Mrs.'Boker
and Maty Ann. Naturally enough,Mary Ami
to ride out with the coachman, liked to take the air
—it was necessary to her health—liked to see the
country, and dually included the coachman in her
liking. On Saturday evening John came to the
oflice of Mr. Charles S. Spencer, in Broadway', to
get liis wife. lie fold the story in this wise :
“I'd been ids tioachman for nearly two years. In
Deoenibcr he come to live here iu the city, and \
stopped in Tarry town taking care of the horses, lit?
advertised for a coachman two weeks ’fore he come
up, anu then lie discharged me because ho knew
that tlie daughter kept my company and I kept her
company. He asked me if I’d resign her company,
and I said not, and she said not, and he wanted me
to go to California. And so when I come away 1
stopped here, and I addressed her a few lines, and
he found it out. She answered three or four letters,
and she got out on Wednesday ; she slipped out,
and we went to the Rev. Mr. Hut field’s, iu Thirty
fourth street, aud he married us about half past
o’clock in the daytime ; then she slipped back again
right oil'. She thought they wouldn’t know any
thing about it fora few days, and she'd get lier
clothes and wed live together; Mr. Funke dis
charged one of the girls ; he ainpeoted that twas
she that give the letters. Mr. Boker told her (Mary
Ann) that he’d shoot me. lie lias never said any
angry words to me. lie won’t let her out. The
day’ she wus goin’ to be married she told him she
wanted to go out in company with another lady’, but
lie wouldn't let her. She is over t wenty two. She
told me that she didn’t want to be led like a dog,
aud when her father went to his business she slip
pedout; and she’s got a right to be married. lie
told me once he didn’t blame me for gettin’ married
if 1 got a chance. I told him I didn’t want his mo
ney nor hers. He said he’d see her dead and under
the sod before she was married to me. I have been
koepiug her company about a year ami a half. He s
said everything to her to make her resign me.—
Wheu I come away be said : ‘See the rascal how
he run’s away!’ You couldn’t see his face goin’
through Tarrytow'ii. She told me so, 1 understand
as how he would give her anything at al! if he could
get her oft* from here. He was threatenin’ to send i
her to Germany to get me out of her head ; but I i
wouldn’t plaze him. She’s shut up there and he 1
won’t let her out. She hasn’t ate anything now for
these thray days. I teel bad to have her a cry in’ <
t here all night and they all enjoyin’ themselves.—
The wust of it is on account of my bein’ Irish ; but. I
I’m as good a man as he is, if he is rich.” • 1
John was assured that his wife should be restored
to him; Mr. Spencer at once drew up a petition for
u writ of habeas corpus, and before to-roorrow’s sun
the romantic bride will doubtless be restored to her
sturdy husband.— N. Y. Tribune.
Valuable Table.—Few readers (says Littell)
(■an be aware, until they have'had occasion to test
the fact, how much labor or research is often saved
by such a table as the following :
1667—Virginia settled by the English.
1 fil l—New York settled by the Dutch'
1620—Massachusetts settled by the Puritans.
1624—New Jersey settled by the Dutch.
1628—Delaware settled by the Swedes and Finns.
1633—Connecticut settled by the Puritans.
1635 Maryland settled by the Irish Catholics.
1636 Rhode Island settled by Roger Williams.
1659—North Carolina set: led by the English.
1670—South Carolina settled by the Huguenots.
1082—Pennsylvania settled by Win. Penn.
173-3— Georgia settled by Gen. Oglethorpe.
1791 Vermont admitted into the Union.
1792 Kentucky admitted into the Union.
1796—Tennessee admitted into the Union.
1802—Ohio admitted into the Union.
1811 —Louisiana admitted into the Union
1816— Indiana admitted into the Union.
1817— Mississippi admitted into the Union.
1818— Illinois admitted into the Union.
1819— Alabama admitted into the Union.
1820— Maine admitted into the Union.
1821— Missouri admitted into the Union.
1836—Michigan admitted into the Union.
1836—Arkansas admitted into the Union.
1815— Florida admitted into the Union.
1816— lowa admitted into the Union.
1818—Wisconsin admitted into the Union.
1850—California admitted into*the Union.
Selling White Children.—There is a society
in Now York, which expects much credit for humanir
ty, which picks up street children, and finds them
homes in the far West. A late number of Harper’s
Magazine refers in very eulogistic terms to the ope
rations of these philanthropists. There are no doubt
many neglected children iu our large cities whose i
condition would be much improved by removal to
the agricultural districts. But abolition philunthro
py will not bear close inspection. A Washington
(Illinois) correspondent of the Now York Day Book
states that the agent for the transportation of paupers
from the Five Points, New York, has been bringing
car loads of white children to the West and selling
them out (as he says) to pay their expense. Boys
and girls are sold at from sls to SSO, according to
quality. If the purchaser finds he has a good bar
gain, he holds on to his servant ; if not, he turns him
off to shift for himself. The purchaser is under no
obligation to take care of him. Here is a case in
point : Thomas Butler, a half-witted Irish boy,
about lifteen years old, brought out by Mr. V. M.
and purchased by Mr. V. M.’s father, who kept him
until lie found him not very profitable, turned him
off, and he has been forced to sleep in cars, stables,
&.C., and beg his bread.
This is a fine specimen of abolition philanthropy.
The business is understood to be very prosperous in ,
New York, and the Day Book says is principally
carried on by abolitionists, who think it a horrible ,
1 hing to sell little negroes, but who have not the <
same squeamishnesa about white children.— Rich.
Disp.
m |
Morman Discharged. —On Saturday last, Mr.
Gordon, one of the witne sea on behalt of the Uni
ted States, being in Columbus, the preliminary ex
amination of the ease of G. W. Morman, was held
before Commissioner Williams; and, after taking i
the testimony of Mr. G. and several other witnesses, \
the Commissioner discharged the prisoner, deeming i
the’proof insufficient to hold him.
The fact that the mail hud been robbed, early in
October at Montgomery, and the bag after
wards sunk in the river, was proved by the volun- t
tary confessions of the negro to Mr. Gordon, jlt was <
also .stated that the mail-bag contained SII,OOO, but f
aiicf Jl llii'iTe“True, f tiie“balance roust have t
been in the bag when sunk. The oniy evidence
tending to show Murman’s complicity with him was i
the proof that he accompanied the negro to New
Orßaus, and admitted on Lis way back in charge of i
his captors that he had obtained from Aaron flt'Oof <
tke money found in his possession, and they went to i
New Orleans for the purpose of purchasing supplies i
and going into the liquor business as partners. This 1
proof seems to have been conelderedfry the Com- 1
ruiasioner insufficient to hold him for trial on a ]
charge that he knowingly received apart of the <
stolen money.
No facts were elicited which strongly suggested
any connection of Estevez, or his mysterious disap
pearance, with these parties. —Columbus Rn/jr.
Atlantic Tel eg rath.—Orders have been re- «
ceived at the Navy Yard in Brooklyn, from the Se
cretary of the Navy, to fit out at once the United
States steamers Niagara and Mississippi to proceed
:o England to assist in laying down the submarine
telegraph cable between Newfoundland and lie- <
land. The Niagara is the largest steam vessel of :
war in the world. She is a propeller. The Mis**ir
cippi is the most powerful paddle-wheel steamer in i
our Navy. The English government * ill furnish
also two large ships of the same character. The
Niagara will receive on board at London or Liver ‘
pool one half of the cable, and the other half will b-: ‘
pur on board the English naval piopelier. The four J
ships will then proceed together to the middle of the
Atlantic, where the ends of the c&ble will be joined, j
and -he propellers will then start in opposite direr. -
ti. rim —the one attended by a paddle wheel steamer, J
so that incase of accident the propellers may be ta
ken in low an<Tproceed on the voyage. We are
glad to that Secretary D* >bbiu has taken such j
d<y-p interest iu the auoceta of this great enterprise
as to order at once the finest ships in the American
navy for this purpose. We doubt, not that the new'
Secretary of the Navy will see tha* the ships are
litted out in a manner most creditable to the United
States government. No doubt there will be a gene*
r«-ue feeling of rivalry between the officers ol the
British ana American ships to see which shall lay its
part of the cable in the mowt perfect manner, it is
a sign of advancing civilization when the ships of
war of these two great nations thus meet in mid
ocean, not for a naval battle, but in a peaceful ef
fort to join the two hemispheres N. Y. Herald.
Ak Ingenious Device. —Alexander Fort, of Paris,
has aboard a patent for making a parasol that ©nn
be folded into the form of a fan, instead ot folding it
in the common manner. A small plate of brass is
attached to the end of the parasol, and on the two
sides of this plate, two other plates are hinged. To
the latter the ribs ol one half of each plate of the
parasol are secured by joints which only allow them
to move in the same plane of the plate. Ihe Jtwo
aides of the parasol fold together like a fan. and 1 lie
shank or handle is jointed to fold between the two in.
the usual manner.
Across the Isthmus.— lt is clear there is to be
no want of communication between the waters of
the Atlantic aud the Pacific. Decides the Panama
and Tehuantepec roads, the Nicaragua route, aud
the Atrato ship canal projected, we are now inform
ed that Honduras railway will be commenced
by the Ist of April. British capitalists have bought
* up the American holders of the grant, and will set
about the work immediately.— S. O. Picayune
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXI. NO. 11.
Bliuh.au Arrested. —Curious n
On the night of the 1-th of December lwt,"ti.ttoT
kuiug establishment ot Mr. U. W. West. „„ GW
nut street, was entered by burglars and robbed of
4 "'tm' p *r u 7r- aud Vl ‘ aliu « 8 ' t 0 tlie •mount of
~ ~.*OO. The robbery was perpetrated on Saturday
mght, and was not discovered until Monday morn
mg, the entry having been effected by false keys
and the doors being left locked w hen the burglars re
tired. Information was telegraphed to various
places of the robbery, and among the rest to Chic
ago. Xothiug was heard of the robbers for some
time, until at length a man named Martin T. Ryan
was arrested in Chicago, on suspicion of being a
thief.
Iu his possession were found a lot of vestings, re
cognised as those described as lost, by Mr. West,
and which he said he got from a man named John
A. lvimmis, who had goue on to Troy, N. Y. On
search being made among the pawnbroker shops,
two pieces ot cloth were found and identified by the
officers as property lost by Mr. West, They bail
been pawned by a man who gave his name as J.
Alexander. A day or two afterwards the pawn
broker received a despatch, dated from Troy, di
recting him to forward the cloth to that place, aud
inclosing the money and charges.
Officer Brady telegraphed to officer Bartles, of
Troy, to watch for the receipt of the cloth, and to
fittest whoever called for it. The person who called,
find who was immediately arrested, proved to be
Mr. John A. Kiuimis, a well known and highly re
•q ectable young man residing iu Troy. A warraut
was taken out to search Kimmts’s house, when a
portion of Mr. West’s goods was found, amounting in
value to about SSO. Kiimui? owned up to the rob
bery, and told how he had disposed of the goods.
All had been sold except the few found at his house,
and tiie proceeds spent, except about S2OO, which
was due from a purchaser of some of them. This
was obtained by Mr. West by attachment.
Mr. Kimiuis was a member of a church in good
standing in Troy, aud taught a class in the Sunday
school, lie also supported a widowed mother, and
was considered a pious and most exemplary youug
imui. Iu his house at the time of the search were
found some finely bound prayerbooks, stolen recent
ly from a book store in Troy. Ho was immediately
lakeu in charge by the authorities of that place, to
answer f r the larceny. The grand jury was iu ses
sion at the time, and he was indicted at once. One
‘>7 uie nv it singular circumstances connected with
the affair was the discovery of a diary kept by Mr.
Kim inis, in which all his acts for the last three years
were entered.
From this, it appears that the robbery of Colonel
West’s establishment was a very deliberate and will
contrived affai . Such entries as the following were
found in the diary, uuder the respective dates :
December sth.—Went to West’* and examined
the premises.
Dec. 6Ui.—Made (key) aud tried to open door No.
90.
Dec. 7th —Went to West’s with W. T. R. (W. T.
Ryan,) and while he kept W. busy, I fobbed key,
took it away, took impression, and leturned it, all
in halt an hour.
Dec. Bth.—Tried new key, and found it to work
well, opened door and looked around, but thought
best not to take anything.
Dec. 9th.—-Went to West's, opened door and se
lected one piece of cloth and two pieces of vestings.
Finding myself short of funds, seut cloth to Mur
dock Sc Diokson’s, aud sold it for cash.
Dec. 11th.—Went to West’s late at night to see
that everything was all right.
Dec. 12.—We went to West’s together, and filled
five carpet bags, and could not carry any more.
Lacked the goods in trunks and shipped them to
Chicago.
Dec. 16th.—One truuk broken open in Chicago
and robbed of $l5O worth of goods.
The diary iu this manner described the whole
transaction, and not it alone, but many similar ones.
It appears that Kinnnis had been for three years
engaging in burglaries, and had received as pro
coeds some $15,000.
A requisition will be sent on for him from the
Governor of Missouri, but we presume he will first,
bo dealt with by the State of New York.— St. Louis
Repub.
The Decision of the Suprf.me Court. —The
decision of the Supreme Court in the Dred Scott
case will be properly recognized as the most iinpor
taut of the many weighty settlements ol' Constitu
tional law that have proceeded from that illustrious
tribunal. Opinionated fanaticism and sectional
prejudice will continue the clamor against it, al
ready so loudly beguu by some of our Northern co
temporaries, but the result will not be affected
thereby. It will stand as the authoritative sett'e
ment of mooted Constitutional points by tho only
tribunal competent, to pronounce the decision, and
gather around it, tin* increasing general assent of our
people, until it ussuines a moral, as it already has a
legal force, iu directing public sentiment into a con
firmed mode of thinking upon all tho important
points affected by it. We are not so quixotic as to
suppose that thisoi any decision will quiet the sec
tional excitement of the country upon the slavery
question. Tho right to agitate is one that no judi
oiul authority can limit, aud so long, as iu this case,
agitation is the lever that works upon Northern pro
judic.es for the attainment of political power, it will
be rcßoi ted to. But the decision will have power
iu bat-king the exertions of conservative men ; it
will foioe anti-slavery agitation into a more open
and avowed field of opposition to Southern institu
tions not out of, but in Southern States, aud will
give to the friends ol Southern rights a vautage
ground they cannot fail to occupy. Briefly express
ed, it. will put the latter upon solid, safe and conser
vativ'c* ground of Constitutional law as authorilively
defined, whilst it will drive their opponents from
behind the shelter of disputed poiuts, and force
them to take their position upon tho open field of
hostility to the Constitution as it now'exists. Wil
mot provisos and Congressional restrictions upon
the rights of inhabitants of territories are hence
forth banished from the* armory of sectional agita
tion. They are no longer allowable weapons.— Ball.
American.
The New British Minister. —Lord Napier, the
new British minister, arrived with his family in the
Persia, and his early appearance aud reception at
Washington will fully restore our diplomatic inter
course with England aud do way with the last re
mains of the Crampton difficulty. The departure
of Lord Napier from England was obviously timed
so as to make his arrival! and reception here simul
taneous with the incoming of the new administra
tration, his government thus recording its final mark
of displeasure against, the administration that dis
missed Mr. Crumpton. Such a fact would have its
significance in the diplomatic nicities of continental
Europe, but is lost upon American obtuseness in
such matters. The arrival of Lord Napier in N. York
was very properly seized by the Board of Commerce
of that city as an opportunity for returning the cour
tesies which the Liverpool merchant* lavished upon
Mr. Dallas, but it i* intimated that Lord Napier is
desirious of proceeding at once to Washington, and
that for this reason lie will feel under the necessity
of declining an invitation to a public dinner, or any
demonstration of a similar nature. The new minis
ter will nodoubt be c ordially received at Washing
ton and our relations with his country be re estab
lished upon a more friendly footing than existed
even previous to the difficulty with Mr. Crumpton.
Thai disagreement has given to both sides a clearer
view of the importance of a good understanding
with each other. — Ball. Auie.r.
More Light on the Tanner Murder.—
There seems to be no doubt, now, in the public
mind that poor Tanner was murdered by mistake—
the scoundrel who procured the assasination intend
ing to murder another man. From g'lod authority,
we learn that the following will be the upshot of
the development which will probably be brought to
light by a clew now in the hands of tho proper of
ficers of the law; —A certaiu party, in love with a
married woman, desired to put her husband out of
tlie way, and employed a negro man to do the deed.
The negro, instructed and abetted by his principal,
mistook Tanner for the married man and slew him.
We understand that the negro has been heard to
say that he was employed to act the part of “bravo"
in the flair.—All this sounds like a tale of old
Venice or Madrid, and we regret to hear it told of
an enlightened, well governed, Protestant city like
this.
A Further Item.— We learn from authority not
to be doubted that Phillips, who was arrested for
the murder of Tanner, has been twice visited in
prison by a married woman, disguised, who is be
lieved to be the wife of the man intended to iiave
been murdered. —Memphis Eagle 4- Rnyuiicr
The Hog Disease a Frightful Epidemic.—
We mentioned several weeks ago that Jacob Mey
ers, whose distillery is about one hundred yards east
of the borough, lost, sixty or seventy fat. hogs. We
have learned further that some dogs ferreted out the
dead hogs, and that some of the flesh of the diseas
ed hogs was dragged by these dogs about one mile
distant from Mr. Meyers’ distillery, to the plantation
of Mr. Michael Elbert, iu Spring Garden township.
A few of Mr. Elbert’s hogs ate this meat, and soon
thereafter they sickened and died ; and from these
sick hogs others caught the disease, so that, on this
plantation sixteen or seventeen hogs died in this
way. From these facts we learn that hogs dying
from this disease are dangerous to be used for any
purpose—it may be even unsafe to render the lard,
or to burn it, in lamps. The person who would dis
pose of such pork for family consumption should be
compelled to eat thereof all the days of his life. —
Balt. Sun.
Heavy “Ball” Swindle. —A man of somewhat
advanced years, named Haynes, a resident of Hen
dricks county, Indiana, passed through Cincinnat i
on Thursday, on his way home. He had been into
sold there” some two' yearn ago? ~ Tlie amount he
received was $2,360. When at the Dayton Rail
road depot, he was accosted by a stranger, who in
vited him to take a walk round until the time came
tor the train to start. He consented. They were,
of course, rnet.by a “friend” of the first thief, who
introduced a “patent bomb shella bet was made;
tlie countryman lost all his money, notwithstanding
he drew h revolver to protect it. One of the swind
lers also drew a pistol, and backing behind a lumber
pile, disappeared with the funds. The other then
escaped, and the police hail been able to discover
no trace of the culprits.
The Vienna correspondent of the Loudon Times
says : The Cardinal Archbishop of Vienna is pre
paring for a crusade against those persons who may
dauce during Lent, but he is not likely to meet with
with much success, as it is ahnostimpossibie to take
the offenders against his ordinances in the very act.
Last year the police paid several domiciliary visits
to the families who had beeu dancing to the music,
«»f the piano, but when the Gensdarine entered tho
room the pianist was playing serious music, to which
the other persons present w6re quietly and “atten
tively listening.”
Gas —The price per thousand feet for gas iu Lon
don Is 88 cents, in Liverpool 88 cents, in Bolton 66
cents, in Rochdale 72 to 88 cents, in Whitehaven 55
cents, in Sheffield 77 to 88 cents, in Birmingham 61
to 85 cents, in Bristol 88 cents, in Belfast 81 ;cents,
in Dublin $1.28. This estimate supposes the shil
lings to be worth 22 cents. The Dublin citizens
complain much of the exhorbitant price of their gas.
The average price in the cities of the United Statt*
is about $2.50 per thousand feet. In this city the
price is just double the average.— Sav. Rep.
Barnum, who is now in England, would make a
second fortune, when he comes back to the United
Kt-ites, if he would bring over Mr. Arrowsmith and
exhibit hirn to the public. Arrowsmith sticks to his
Georgia [revolver) hoax through thick and thin.
Longevity.—Joseph Casaey died in the poor
house of Essex county, N. J., on the 20th ultimo
rured, it is said, 11 1 years. He was a Canadian, but
in the Revolution he fought for the Americans, and
was at Quebec under Montgomery, and saw that
fine officer when he fell at the very moment of a
supposed victory.
From Canada for Europe.—The Chicago
Ledger says that a number of vessels will be char
tered in the spring to load direct for Europe. The
Canadian schooner Andrew Stephens has already
been chartered to take a load of provisions to Glas
gow
Exodus of Colored People.— ln conseauence
of the recent stringent enactments iu Florida,
touching their interests, forbidding trade with them
and apjx'intiiig guardians over them, a large num
ber of the free colored population of I 'eneacola,
mechanics, See., have determined upon chartering
a vessel in the spring and emigrating in a body be
yond the coniines ot the United States, Tampico
being their immediate destination. The West Flo
rida Times says many are persons of property, ana
not having the privilege ot theLr own
agent*, their eubutanee may be placed at the mercy
of dishonest and desbfniue parties. —,V. <>■ rxc.
It is expected that the Blue Ridge (Va.) tunnel
will be completed so as to afford free passage to the
cars by the first of July next
History ok “Hah. Columbia. ’ —The following
history of the famous song of‘-Hail! Columbia,'
from the pen of the author, J tidge John Hopkiuson,
wdl he read with interest by those of our readers X
who are unacquainted with its history. The author ; tl!
says :
, wh«!a written in the summer of I7i»8,
lde-t;ou K re™ beino d U ' e th : ,u « ht lw '“evita
. deliberating *)‘? n 1,1 8I!S8101> “t Philadelphia,
of fitej Z ßU te-!,V a “ d ncl *
. between Lgland^^'^^i l
people were divided was i aging, and the
the other—some thiukim. C? r ‘ he T* aldo
, r rßd US U> ££ w K ith
i she was railed . others were ?■ ' ,W JE
selves with England, uuder the belieTumt she was
• gieat preservative power of good mim inl***
hv l«“^ U r. yCn,m ® at - 1“ e violation of our righu
by both boligereuta was turning us from the ’iiut
J
E n i the TT of im, , y has never risen higher—l
hmk not so high—as it did attliat time on that miee
Uon. Ihe theatre was then open iu our city. /,
A young man belonging to it, whose talent was
a singer, was about to take his benefit. I Tad
known him when he was at school. On this ao
quamtauce he called on me in the afternoon, his
beneht being announced fur the following day lie
satd he had no boxes taken, and the prospect was
that he should sufter a loss instead of receiving a f
benefit from the performance ; but that if he could
gel a patriotic song adapted to the tune of the “i're-
HKlent 8 March," then the popular air, he did not
doubt ol a .ull borne ; but that the poets of the the
atrieal corps had been trying to accomplish it but i
were smashed no wonts could be composed t.i suit,
the music of that march. I told him I would t, v
tor him. He came the next afternoon and the
soug, such as it was, was ready for him. It was an
nouncedon Monday morning,aud the theatre was
crowded to excess, aud so continued night after
night for the rest of the season ; the song being on
cored and repeated many times during each night
the whole audience joining in the chorus. It was
also sung at night iu the streets by large assemblies
of citizens, including members of Congress. The
enthusiasm was general, aud the song was heard I '
may say, iu every part of the United States.”
Heroic and Pkaiskvvorth*.— We are told that
a laborer on the Watertown aud Rome road Haved
a train ol passenger oars from a smash up in lilt! fol
lowing heroic manner: Before it was known to the
conductors and engineers that the freshet lmd wash
ed away the embankment near Taburg, an Irish
laborer being on this side tho gap, and know ng
that the morning train from Itmne was nearly due,
and that.from the thick fog prevailing it would fat
impossible lor the engineer to see it iu time to atop
his train, he aaw atojice that an alarm to be set
vieeablo must be given oil the other side of the
break. Hut how should it bo done? The water
was pouring through tlie chasm so deep and rapid
that fording was impossible ; lie had no boat to
pass over the pond above, and there was no time to
be lost, so he plunged into the cold, icy water, and
swam the pond for euough out not to bo drawn
through by the current formed by tlie break, and
thus gave the alarm on the other side in time to save
the trniu from a smash, and the lives of those on
board from destruction.— Watertown Reformer.
Milwaukee. —This city alTords an example of the
rapid growth and improvement of the Western
cities. In 1831, we learn from tho report of tho
Board of Trade of Milwaukee, where that city now
stands, stood the solitary trading cabin id' Solomon
Juneau. Twenty-two years afterwards a five-story
Brick edifice graces the site of the solitary Indian
trafficking' hut, and around it for miles the land is
covered with houses and a Imßy and thrifty pnpula
tion. Tho city of Milwaukee numbers forty-tire
thousand inhabitants, it lias capacious wharves on
tlie lake shore—doming mills that can turn out two
hundred thousand barrels of flour annually—forty
churches—two hundred ‘houeand dollars invested
in free schools —four miles of substantial docks—
eight, bridges— seventy ! wo vessels of Ifyhi'.i aggre
gate tonnage, and an inward and outward animal
tonnage of over two millions tons —principal articles
manufactured in 1856 valued at f 5.000.00O —seven
railroads either complete or in progress, five hun
dred miles of which are in operation—wholesale
trade in ’s6sl7,ooo,UUo—banking capital $1,300,000,
comprised in seven banks—value of imports by
Eake last year $28,000,000, and exports by hakes
s2o,t*7-I,O<MI.
Such is the Milwaukee of’s6 of twenty-two years
growth ! — Richmond Disvateh.
Annual Rei'oht to the Stockholders ok the
Petersburg and Weldon (N. C.) HailuoadCom
I'ANY. —This document makes a very flattering ex
Ilibit of the operations of the road during tlie past
year. The gross receipts wore ,378.94—an in
crease ot j‘17,504.76 over tho previous year. l>is
bursementa, |J90,49.'.'39, which include two half
yearly dividends on July I, 1856, and January I,
1857, amounting together lo $39,769.50 —also $36,’
949.80 of indebtedness paid oil'. The Transports
tion expenses per the Treasurer's statement, were
$161,316.40, from which the President says certain
specified amounts should be deducted that wiuild \
bring them down to but a little more than $l5O 000
In 1855 they were $167,575.95. The present indebl
edness of the Company is stated to bo $84,901.50,
t wo-tliirds of which is funded in bonds payable from
1863 to 1873, which may be extinguished without |
embarrassment by moans of tlie sinking fund recoin
mended in the last nniuial Report. The Assets of 1
the Company amount to $1,173,35” 30.
New Invention.— Mr. diaries A. Rose-field, a
citizen of Columbus, has applied for letters patent
for a moat beautifully contrived Kountaiu Pen. It.
is in an extension ease, the ink fountain is incorro
dible, suitable for any kind of pen nibs which one
may wish to use, and is, from its peculiar construe- |
tion, calculated and designed to supercede all other
inkstand pens in vogue. As soon as tlie patent is
issued tlie manufacture of the article will he com
menced, nnd of which every variety of style of cases, j
iu different metals, will be made. We are impa
tient to be the owner of so great a desideratum as 1
this invention promises to furnish. It will certainly
meet with a cordial grouting, and be generally
adopted by all who desire to make the most of time,
aud write with the avidity of their thoughts. What
a boon it will prove to long-winded gentlemen of
the press and the novel writers I Hurry up this
invention, Mr.Kosenlield, for we are down on tho
old fogy pens now in use!— Columbus Sun.
A Secret.— l will 101 l you a secret. The way to
make yourself pleasing lo others, is to show that
you care for them. The whole world iH like the
miller at Mansfield, who “cared for nobody, no, not
•he—because nob-sly eared for him.” And tlie
whole world w ill serve you ao, if you give them the
same cause. Bet people hob therefore, that you do ;
care for them, by showing them the small courtesies
of life, to which there is no parade, whose voice is
too still to tense, and which show themselves by 9
affectionate tones and kind look and little acta of
attention, giving others the prefrence in every little
enjoyment at the table, in the field, walking, sitting
and standing.
Arrest ok an Alleged Murderer. —MeKini,
who is dmrged with the murder of Norcross, nt Al ]
toona, Va., has beeu arrested in the mountains, near
Wilkeebarre, by a party of three men, who will J
secure the reward of $2,000. McKim was armed
with three revolvers, and fired upon his pursuers, \
who returned the fire from their rifles, wounding
him seriously hut not fatally.
Washington Idolized. —Did yon know that
Washington had been placed in the calendar of
saints? There is a church at Itivas, over the prin
cipal portal of which is a very well executed bust of
tho leader of the American revolution, and, on in- 1
quiry of a native of the town, I wu* informed tlint
it was a bust of the “ good Saint, (leorge Washing
ton.” I confess that as I passed this church I felt
like taking off my hat, and did it—not because of
custom, but because 1 couldn’t, help it.— letter from
Nicaragua.
Largest National Church. —The largest na- J
lional church iitahe world is the “Greek Church,”
in Russia. It embraces from forty to forty-five mil
lions of people. Besides these, Russia contains Lu
theran and other Protestants, three or four millions;
Roman Catholic, Beveu millions: Mohammedans,
two and u half millii iis ; Jews, perhaps two millions,
and about, half a million Pagans
Worth Knowing. —lt is said that a small piece
of rosin, dropped iu tlie water which is placed in a
vessel on the stove, will add a peculiar property to
the atmosphere of the room, which will give relief
to persons troubled witli cougliH. The heat of the I
water is sufficient to throw off the nroinu of the ro
sin. It is preferable to combustion, because expo
ration is more durable.
Large Lump or Silver. —Mr. Whiling, clerk of
the propeller Gen. Taylor, who left Ontonagon on
the sth inst., says that a mass of pure, solid silver, j
weighing sixty-five pounds has just been taken from |
the Minnesota Mine. At tho current market value, 'a
$7 per ounce, this mass would bo worth $5,400. — j
Superior Chroniele.
Hokhiiii.k Superstition. —A late French paper
states that a farm laborer, named Vautrin, in the
Commune of Henilley lo Grand, district of the
Haute Marne, was recently condemned to death, ■
for the murder of a baby, eleven mouths old, whose 1
head he had hacked off, under
render the carrier of it invisible!
The Boston Post wants to know why credit should
not be given to physicians in notices of death, as
well as to ‘clergymen in notices of marriage? A
newspaper obit nary announcement should read—
“ Died at the hands of Dr. Saddlebags, John Doe,
aged so and so.” j
The “ Great Eastern-’ steamship is expected to * f
be launched in August next, but several month
must elapse after that before she can be made ready
for sea. The amount expended on her up to the
present, time is abouts3,ooo,o6o, and an additional
sum of $75,000 will probably be required to com
plete her.
Two Hundred Years Ago.— ln the year 1657, a
man was prosecuted in London for selling coffee as
“a nuisance aud aprejudice to the neighborhood.”
Bake Skin and Furb. —The editor of the Cyn
thina, Kentucky, Age, having recently attended
ball, says :
“We noticed a great variety of female costume at
the last Bachelors’ ball. Some of the ladies danced
with warm fur capes, made of otter or sable, while
others had their necks and shoulders protected from
the inclement season and gaze of the world by «
white bare skins, very beautful.
The profits on sheep in Ohio the last year, are ea
timated by the Ohio Farmer at $6,000,000, and the
whole capital invested at $60,000,000. The num
ber of sheep is estimated at 5,000,000 and tlie wool
clip last year reached 10,196,000 pounds—one-fifth
of the entire clip of the Union.
The Largest Yet— The Sydney (Australia)
Morning Herald stutes that a nugget of gold was re
cently found at Louisa Creek, the value of which is
estimated at £20,000. It is said to be the largest
ever found, and wheighs five owts.
Mystery about to be Solved.— A paper pub
lished in Florence, Italy, states that manuscripts
have been found within the walls of the fortress of
Pianeral, where the “Man of the Iron Mask’ was
for 11 years a prisoner, which will Bolve the problem
of his identity.
Printers in Pennsylvania.—Gen. P.-cker, the
Democratic nominee for Governor of Pennsylva
nia is a printer by trade. The two l nited SlataH
Senators and the Chief Justice of Pennsylvania,
were also formerly printers.
Item tor Prohibitionists — The steamer from
New York, last Wedneseay, for Europe, took out
larve orters to France for brandies, iu consequence
of the large reduction of duty levied by the new
tariff bill"wliiob, it is supposed, will have the ef
fect to lower the price and increase the eonsump
tion.
Incenoiakism has become so prevalent in Lynch
burg Va that the Mayor of that place has offered
a reward of SSOO for the arrest aud conviction of
any person on the charge of arson. On Monday
night the bouiding house of J. D. Abbot was tired,
but not destroyed.
A Si'ißiT Rai-per.—A Paris correspondent of the
Independence Beige says that one Hume, a member
of the sect of American spirit rappers, has been al
lowed within the last few days to display his skill be
fore their Majesties at tho Tuilleries. Very cuiiou*
results are spoken off.