Newspaper Page Text
m \Y. S. JONES
niKOMCLi: it SKNTINKL.
TEHM3. &c.
I li K \V KEKL V
I- I’abliobrd evrry Wednesday,
AT TWO DOLLARS PER ASNTJM
IK NOT PAID WITHIN THIiEh MONTHS,
i O CLUBS or IXDI\IDUALS *#t.d!cg w. Ten
00l :.r- SIX i - f in# p;., r will be pent for one
SIX O'/PIES FOB TEN DOLLARS,
or a c.q yto who may procure up Kivi pub
n»
per will it, no ir.ptaiu ■■ lo- rent at this rate unless the
•i its . • ,K-. ;.p puhi >tri. f!j in ri'lrnnee. Nor will
pan* oi a Club be received. TU t thole »«
THE CHHCNICLL & SENTINEL
IIAII.V AMI TRJ-WEEKIA ,
An ■! t .hi e, and mailed to eub
f PAPER Sevck Dvllam
[.<•> a: , I . . : vance, ai i Eight Dollar* if
paymeti: delayed thkrk .months.
Till VS i:i.l-L'i 1V PEII, l otii Dollars, in ad
v i.' > tk . vp. Doluai. iif payment be delayed
| TUB 1857!
w>{ l UIAIS ri LTIVATOK,
*, l* PIILY JOI UV \I M
V. M , K c, Stork Hrudivg ,
/■... •y. /;. f»-///-/•;•' l inn Economy, (fC.
. wi'.j NtmiM-0.-a Elegant Engravings.
»>..K DOLLAR A *iTaK IN ADVANCE.
. , ,i. ,i ::. ;> am d KKUMOND, Editors.
ii Volume will commence in
January, 1857.
TMKCi I.TIVATOU 1 a iWfi octavo of thirty two pages,
, any Agri
.i , .nrt, • the .South—• moraf ug. iu addition to
aiiAi ii a: ojuo i\a 11 co nViti Iu :ti on S
FI: inters.
, , 11 ., , ... t,ry action of the South
, ( y , , r)r ?i V •!*!',(Jopd s, 1 rear §2O
mx , .|' -• i 100 •• ’ 1 “ 75
■
.. ' 'r‘ Ii *- It.i: of all rjif cic paying
wii'i c ;o the ri k of !»•<• Publisher*.
, , Tkn 1
, o-Oi. Oji.
.
FOR SALE..
I’OR SALE,
r I' , IfJK indi • ' fi- aving the Stale,
H VL ESTATE in
■ Qa., connoting
~ . a i Lot <»t About live a< res of
■ . .o: >».*.;• and Lot, Tools Machine,
,! .s| h ... . toj her with ail his finished
and unlim bed work.
i•.. . . twenty thousand dollars worth of
. •' i <•', at g -I prices, at this
i'..; . , hing to pnr-hase, are respectfully Invited
ran a.id r namin'- for themselves,
r .01 will bts given at anv time, to suit the pnr
char < 1EOR( 1 E L. 8081 iEH
\V• •"r '' Ga., June 5, letfiti, ie7 wtf
A DESIRABLE SUMMER RESIDENCE FOR
SALE.
f|v 11 ; ~i •, ofVct’H for vale a desirable SLIMMER
A U iiSJDLNCE, noted for it., health and the beauty
<o its in 1< h uond 1 omit\. > ixter n r riles from
; ... st-.tion on the
.s'a\ .iiiuati A. A o.i Railroad. la the tract of
land on which it i in there art* about 100 acres,
one ii.iU of wli!. ;ii.' »)n the premises there i
• o i... w • .. » urtlu-r iuforuiation maybe
: lied ill
W. E. SIKES.
FOB SALE.
I> .\ . • i.i;, c.. • River PLANTATION,
J 8 i 10 Htili km ' of ( I umbo i ( La., in i’i bout
»•..-mis, A’ i , 1 v.i-g on the Chattahoochee river, contain*
nc > , I o i a i.i ■ <j of cultivation and
g-.■ . ~.itr. A good Water Gin «-id Ferry ucrons the
Oh.itt .t ii. river. The above will bo for sale at any
: 1 . . .. mit pur-
A A VKUfc I T.
r I’I •t ' . r, wiflhi to remove to Son
I , • i oil his place near oavo Spring,
a * 1 . * ~ . ontalping 9tf
1 ... i in i>l !-t • ity oak ami hickory
i.i i.-iiy . ; .;! .. id surface not to wash ; aoihe lfiO a crew
c’ hi i n.dMic r,, ml tillage; the remainder gene»-ally
w-h tin- •-i • ! It ha. . veral spring* of cool blue Lime
tone watei two eon taut titrtiimi. an sAofira water
pown v.i ...it .! lining, orchards of many well selected
~i . i | ,»lly of apples, and a la. ge and -ominodi-
UH Uri. i. Da: ih k. : nrrotiude(l by fine scenery, and
with n mile of the village, long noted for it* ednr dional
i
. ■
ox’. i.cld,mi, if ever, equalled in this country. But
conn- l e for v tr.si ives, ami th character, location
and re ..u . . •< of the place can hanlly fail to satisfy you
that i*. * a No, 1 a. •, m.t uibject to the fiuctuatiouH
f the ntai ket For terms, apply ou the premises.
YV. i). COWDREY.
Cave. Sp ing, July 10, IS-V». jyl3-wtf
FOR SALE,
\l MN f \TION containing 1500 acres Land, well
■ * U • Iproduoes the beat
Seal .k’u » ..ti’U and Pr vi i nsof all kinds. A good
two .(■ \ D, c ling, containing seven rooms, with tour
fire nr. l -10 sect IV /ra ; Kitchen, Smoke House,
tw<» *t ' id r (.'ii ll< • . Gin t.u io, and other buildings,
«:«•<. i i - w ith a Well of good water; a tine
ran ;• f !! • and Cattle 1 i ,li and Oysters convenient
in l»r.: • i’ i' A more l»ca!:hy, ploasaut location
is no! i • l*e found in Southern Georgia. Further par*
ticn!-.: v. obtained by application to the subscriber
at s .. - V. WOOLLEY.
G . i rovwarded Free of Cnarge!
A ? i ‘ST A AND SAVANNAH RAILROAD.
\TTI*: ; fON i' ■ ailed to this Road as a means of
«,..ii Uiunica' i.m w ith the Seaboard and thence with
No r .. u i’oi IT io are? ow four FIRST GLASS
ST E A MS’.U r.S and Six Lines of Fast Sailing Vessels,
runui it; liu ;i:!ai '!vand dispatch,between New-York
Aids.. ;* i Nteaiu.sY.p Line from Phi lade 1-
p'.iiu. • :d Vc-'cLs n.,ui that port, Baltimore and
B. •: , i ho o ianniiiioalion between the North
er-. ' . . - \h reliable for CERTAINTY
• afiy other £h athern Port.
Th; * ~,n cxmih touly ;i = lu.iine-; of Augusta,the
a: .Ac. a. ::g the line of the Georgia Rail
read, r. > i Fount.e lying to the North of that Road.
Other U have ■ larger field of operation* that cannot
• my i. , to secure ho limited a trade as
that i» i • mu t aim*' glvo all our time; and
no.- , -a .1. .owed, by superior attention, to
dept it i ; It s c m- ml. determination to conduct
it wit • i. !. IHy despatch and ocoueo’y, which is sure
oltimato y : * gain and retain it.
. > « ther
Read a;t 1. nor, luce all ehargt to a minimum
rata D ayage have already boon entered
U • V
ir. ; and V .ui.l i . h.. • any. her i.?t rest than that ot
. flat I.i iweat rates
airier d one per
eeut can be made iu the Insurance between Northern
Ports nud August a.
All O V >■'« »R\Y A.RDV.O FRF OF OOMMIS*
SDN buoy .U. i' .be r>'n-Vt d “in care of the G. R. R.
4 gent,” Savannah.
Published by order of the Board.
* FRANCIS T WILLIS, President.
July l, l ere*. jy'Jti
C O LL M AN~ HOU S E,
BY LANIER A LAI)Y,
KNOXVtI.T.E, ThNN.
r ■ 1B ? uudersigu l having taken charge of this large
I and » unm dt.Mis House, respectfully solicit and
hope to ;• oru a liberal share of patrouge. The house is
furni ' • ; a the u t thorough and modem stylo, with a
vie*' to coavenion-.-e and comfort. It is situated in the
heart - > i y. on ~ - ent to all the business, and on
the |n iu : ree: An omnibus is alwayn In readiness
to couvi | a v. ror- to and fn»rn the Depots<bn the arri
* ! and dopeviure < f the cars. The Stage for Montvale
Springs arrives and departs daily.
n i will be* tppliedwith the best the market
affords dr pains w.U be spared to render guests
s \M I’M »N I. •
July ”• IS. ; ivJd-tf| JOHN F.ADY
$ JoKEWARD.
I) AY t\VAY, fr. ■ . :u* .-uV->cril>er, residing in Pnt-
IV ... . . ■ y, near V vriU, in Augf't last, my Negro
Man FRANK. "H. s a*. • > years old. five feet ten in
ches high, of mod-, -m si.- . has a slight impediment in his
spee.-h. 1 ;.a- ! : the <‘:t .t‘ one eye. He was raised
» a V’v .•. and ! -is been in tHs-rp' i about two years.
The a a ! w bo paid i r Lis delivery to me,
or to anv jail so that I can get him.
i.W'vmi JOHN A. HARRIS.
Th * s .>\ ovder will pnM.sh till forbid, and for
w a-il a. •mtto '' >fhce for payment
K K. 1’• i AK . ■ > WM. «. VRANCISOO.
BEARDEN & FRANCISCO,
I)KO DM i VMM GM 'll SSI ON MERCHANTS,
M.» on. t'a . will sell ou Commission. Bacon. Lard,
Flour, Coni, Oa: , Feathers, and Tennessee Produce
generally.
Perse. - shipping to us can rely upon prompt returns.
KKFKR TO
M< - hr.nis ;i!id I'itizens of Knoxville ; Morgan A Co.,
Jo. Edw...*ds. J.-.oie- 0 l.uti I' 1 . CVmptroUi'r. Nashville ;
Uiohn dB. A.tmpbfi.. Ben Chan ier & Co.. J «V M
Free h. Chattau*> . a ; T. J. Campbell, Clevc.and; R C.
Jack- **t. \thens Merchants i*f East Tenuesse generally.
mlrJO-w ly
WBLOH * ORIFFITHS* SAWI
PATENT GROUND.
H.V> IMi pur a-c l from Mr W’ui Southwell hit
. • . b.t . dug C. ularand o;her SAWS,
for w : *. wo j * 'h m a larg.* sum. ami wo are the
sole pi* ’,*• ct r- v«f r. s . r.r. we w ill rewaid any per
non g ! v ug infi-rnuiv.on oti ntringeu ents on the same,
Th - is the only .daclam* i ver invented that will gr.nd
* a‘'aw perfectly even .u tti «knes- They will require
le<*> >t it —v. .11 uof (.eat while running—w ill saw loiooth
—ay .• .ui ;o»t—and ko» ; m edge longer than any other
s , )«.; —and .. ev *t liab.e i'.-vome ant rue.*
AH *ur Saws w m m .» fhxtt an extra quality of Cast
Steel, .n;; c l cxp-essly tor our own use. at much high
cr c tl gem raily use«i ror'So'vs.
V', .« octf-.’lv inform ali manufactures of Lumber,
tba* uo s-w will sent from th - i-.-tablishmcnt b\u
what ;s i s .-.per or ste »an i werkrar ship; the temper
w Bbe so. ad mure even and uniform* than any saw «
‘ V»- : -s - .‘v, -bv I.N R MICA AEL A BEAN. Augus
ta, (i- J ' WELCH A GRIFFITH.
PRACTICF V f surgery.
• \R. JUKI AII HAkdlSi'i is prepared to aecom
I " modatew.th Loilglri- and such patients as
may be d ■.. . icd L him fi r ha: gUal operations or treat
ment Masters ;aay be assured that their Servants will
vn> 0.-.-rv ' -sarv *t; ers .'ou nur7-wlv
~ NOTICE
f Pn K r dcbthaid half of a SCO Bill. No. 157,letter B.Juiy
I t ;' ; 1 Hob' F Foe, President, and the left
eand ha t »; a h t cr A, payable to Geo. M
Thew, cr bearer, Mgnc l J. W. Davies. Cashier, oa the
fc •
•Obscr iei i: ~ nir tcheti Three months after date ap*
»'.cat aw i be wide for payment fi r the above half
b.. in ac-.-t i.i i.• with tin regulations adopted Sth
May. 1-. 5. byt: Bank-of the city of Augusta for the
|»Vv; • ut of such notes.
a:.7-w >m WILLIAM VINEYARD.
LET THE LADIES READ THIS.
r P H!.1iI! is no >ingle article so much sought for, and
X h< ■„{ re m» v« . difficult to obtain, as a GOOD
NEEDLE a . that at last there
»s a.; a-iiota in - ■iu. id. which t hey can buy, with the
hul aviiraiue. that they are ] -rfect in every respect,
aud -riily not a- is the < ase with most other
.*’**!’ iu ' Vl '- a portion of a paper
n v ’ hrt rrery A’udU is trarranitd.
“ . ;C j I aw'si:nce-sooovei.ess
g to rs., LY NELDLLS, to be found at all the
janh i - w 6mo
notice: “ ~
A bdklinf! etalm. »*ainsf Dr. H A.
. J "i 1 ! lianl them in imrnedi
*“'J L„ h » r <! requested to pay at onre,
»* 1 »” dv ‘ r V d r-v**«••» E,t*t* al soon ni
the same can be done legally
A M. CRAWFORD, A.lm r ex officio
Appling, Colombo co Maudj *». Kiz- mblO
DR. ROBERT SOUTHGAW~
OFFKHS his professional services to the public.
Reference —Dr. H. H. Steiner, at whose office. h e
may be found during the day ; at nigrht he may be founfi
at the Augusta Hotel. janlb-3m
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
Chronicle it- Sentinel.
| G
J 15.
Ole hm I ion nr Jnmestow n.
I On the 11th of May, 1807, a number of the citi-
I zer m >d V irginia, assembled at Jamestown, resolved
i tu’it there should be a “quinquennial 1 festival ai
the ra'ne spot to commemorate the exeat of the first
! settlement of their State. This resolution, however,
I from certain causes arising out of the condition of
! the country at that earl}* day, w.*ia neglected until
the year 18*j2, when another celebration was held,
though from certain accounts before us, we are led
to the conclusion that it was not eo enthusiastic or
j interesting a* the first. This fact might lead one to
-appose that the people of Virginia, unlike the Pu
ritans of the North, were lacking in the essential
principle of reverence , but we are happy to have
j a contradiction of this belief in occurrences of re
cent date, which prove that the natives of the Old
Hoar: ‘on are not totally regardless of the memory
of their ancestors.
To the ‘ Jamestown Society,” formed in the city
of Washington, and composed of gentlemen born
upon our own soil, we are mainly indebted for a re
vivication of the patriotic scenes of fifty years ago ;
and i‘ i- to be hoped that they, in conjunction with
our own citizens, will continue to celebrate this
g cat event untii it -hail become one of the indis
pi n-able customs of the people of Virginia.
The Kith of May, of the present year, was fixed
upon a.-? the day on which the festival shou’d lake
pia<. and the response so readily given by the
citizens of Richmond and her sister cities, is a grati
fying evidence of their disposition to revive and
cnerisb a custom eourirneinorative of the events at
tendin'' the first settlement of white men upon the
shores of Virginia.
On Monday evening, May 11th, five military com
panies left Richmond on the steamer Maryland, un
d,;r command of Lieut. Col. Cary, for the purpose
of rendering honor to an occasion so fraught with
interesting recollections. Unfortunately she got
aground upon the bar, and was detained several
hours so that when she reached Jamestown, it was
about* 11 o’clock Tuesday. The arrangements for
disembarking were very good, arid the companies
lost no tune in getting their baggage on shore.—
Availing ourselves of the opportunity afforded by
the brief delay, we visited the ruins of the old
Church, which in all that remains of .Jamestown.—
We cannot say that we were not impressed with
•feelings of solemnity wßile gazing upon that mould
j„,r tower, which marks the site of Virginia's first
capitol. Hundreds of persons went up to examine
the sacred spot, and many were soon to be seen
scraping away the accumulated soii from the sur
face of the tomb stones and copying the inscrip
tions. The brick wall enc losing the old burying
ground is still in a tolerably good state of preserva
tion. The church, of which only a portion of the
tower remains, is suggestive of thoughts of far gone
days, it was not difficult for one to imagine that
he saw good master Hunt, that “singular excellent”
Christian gentleman, of whom the author of Hans
ford speaks, dispensing the gospel of peace to the
armor-clad cavaliers who were always prepared for
Indian depredations. A further stretch of the fancy
might bring to the mind of the observer a vision of
Pocahotas, the queenly daughter of a noble king,
and of the sturdy (’apt John Smith, kneeling at the
chancel and pledging their faith to the service of the
Most High God.
We noticed, carved on the bricks of this ancient
tower, the name of“. Joseph Cooper,” with the date
.'lay 7,1807. We may infer that he was one of the
pilgrims, who participated in the celebration on this
sp«»! fifty years ago.
We copied all the inscriptions now remaining in
the church yard :
“Under this stone lies buried the body of Mrs.
Hannah Ludwell, relict of the Hon. Philip Ludwell,
by whom he has left one son and two daughters.—
After an exemplary life, spent in cheerful innocence
and the constant exercise of piety, charity and hos
pitality, she patiently submitted to death on the
I Ith day of April, 1731, in the 52d year of her
age.”
“Here lyetli interred the body of Ursula Bever
ly, late wife of Robert I loverly, and daughter of ye
very Honorable Wm. Byrd, who departed this life
the lit 1 1 day of October, 161)8, being much lamented
by all that knew her ; aged 16years, 11 months and
. dates. (This was the great grandmother ot Maj.
Win. P. Munford, of Richmond.)
Under another stone lies the body of the Hon.
Philip Ludwell, who died the I Itli of January, 1720,
in the filth year of his age—“some time auditor of
his majesty’s revenue, and twenty-five years mem
ber oftne Council ”
The next is intende d to perpetuate the memory of
Mrs. Sarah Blair, wife of Mr. James Blair, “cominis
. ary of Virginia, and minister of this parish.”
Prom this stone we passed on to one bearing a
long inscription in Latin, only a portion of which is
legible. It reads as follows :
“11. S. K. Vir revereudusetHonorabilia Jacobus
Blair, A. M , natus Iburgensi nutritua
deiude Virginiane Terrain An
nos LVIII. Mai Prsesidis Principum consili
ari Plies id is Colon t;e Prafecti. Mania sustinuit
< )rnavit urn oris visusti decusate hilari sine
luxu hospital! muniticentessimo egenis largo
Omnibus comi Superorvit collegio dixeram
fiimla vreat vivus Biblothecam Suani
olendum theologian studioeum —utem
paupereoreut Ingavit. Cal. Maii Anna Domini
MDCCXLIH. 2Etat LXXVIII desidera
tissimi senis landein Nepotibus commondabunt. —
Marmore pereuniora.
The nexL is as follows, partially obscured :
liam Edwards, City Gent., and daughter of—
Harrison of ye . She left issue by ye said
ly, 14th day of seventeenth year—
dayes”
The following is all that remains of another in
scription, which fun:ishcßau idea of the quaintnees
of the original :
“Waiting second edition of the first.”
Proceeding on wo found the following :
“Here lyes interred the body of Reverend John
Crouch, late minister of this place, who departed
this fife January ye ■■■ . 1683-4. And wuiteth iu
hopes of a joyful resurrection.”
The last of all is the most extraordinary, and
proves that men’s evil manners are sometimes
written on marble, though this is not often the
“Here lies Wm. Sherwood, who was born in the
parish of Whitechapel near London. A great sin
ner, waiting for a joyful resurrection.”
In the church yard, near the eucampment, some
two miles from the church, we found several inter
esting tomb stones in a good state of preservation.
They are about 7 feet 8 inches in length, and elabo
rately carved with figures of skulls and cross bones.
They cover the graves of “Edward Travis,” “John
Champion.” “Susannah Travis,” and lie several
(hildren. There is nothing peculiar about the in
scription?, except that the deceased were In all in
stnines much lamented by their acauaintances,
; which at the present day is not always the ca e.
The steamer Calypso, commanded by Capt. Hugh
W. Pry,arrived at the wharf shortly after the Ma
ryland She brought a party of young gentlemen,
who lmd left Richmond for the double purpose of a
novel trip and participating in the celebration.
Owing to the fact that the present owner of James
town had devoted the lana surrounding the old
i hurch to agricultural purposes, it was decided to
hold the present celebration some two miles back
from the river, adjacent to the church-yard we have
alluded to. The river has encroached somewhat
upon the island, though the crescent-shaped shore
nt’V possesses great natural beauties, which theob
sejfver enunot fail to admire. And the waving grain
of rich luxuriant green, furnishes the earth with a
robe more lovely than the ingenious arts of man
can devise.
The Richmond regiment pitched their tents upon
the richly cultivated table land that had beeu as
signed as the spot for the celebration ; and the sol
diers were straight way initiated into the mysteries
of camp life, in which, it is no more than justice to
say. they exhibited a degree of proficiency, worthy
of soldiers more experienced.
Hunset found everything in perfect order, and as
the shades of evening curtained the beautiful land
scape, a solemn quiet pervaded the scene, and du
ring the night no untoward incident occurred to
mar the pleasure of sweet repose.
Jftjjr 13/A.— I The dawn of day was ushered in by
discharges of cannon, by the Richmond Artillery,
and but little time elapsed ere the camp was in
motion, and the drums beat reveille, inspiring the
soul with patriotic emotion, well suited to an oc
casion so richly fraught with interesting reminis
cences. Steamers were constantly arriving, bring
ing delegations from Richmond Petersburg, Nor
folk. Portsmouth, Hampton and Washington, in
cluding the Jamestown Society from the place last
named, and several beautiful millitary companies
from the Virginia cities first enumerated. The
Montgomery Guard, under the command of Capt
P T. Moore, from Richmond; several splendid
companies from Portsmouth the Junior Blues from
Norfolk ; the Cadets from Hampton ; and the Pe
tersbuig Artillery, successively marched up to the (
encampment, and took their places with the gallaut
men whom Richmond had sent down to render
homage to the day. The Petersburg Artillery fired
their cannon on taeshore of the river at sunrise,
and tlius added materially to the interest of the
occasion. Capt Nichols is the commander of this
efficient corps ; and he was sided by Lieuts. Buttler
Brodie, Clark and Stevens, Sergeant Paine; all of
whom appeard to be fully impressed with the itn -
portance oftrue soldierly deportment, at a time
when so many accomplished military gentlemen
were present to participate in the com mem ration of
the day
The counties of James City, Gloucester and York
also contributed to swell the number ou the ground,
and it was an agreeable spectacle to see so many
lovely women, passing and repassing in the vast as
semblage, and completing a picture that would be
worthy of the efforts of the most skillful and iuge
ni**u artist.
The hours of the morning%rere pleasantly diver
sified by the drilling of the soldiers, and we take es
pecial pleasure iu complimenting the apparent
> ntific evolutions of the Richmond Greys and the
Virginia Hides, who performed everything they un
dertook. in a manner. \\ e think that these
" ere the only companies attached to our regiment
that participated iu the drill.
At 12 o’clock, the members of the Jamestown So
ciety assembled on the speakers stand, with other
pt-rsens -t distinction, and the announcement was
made that the pro* codings were about to com
mence. We observed cx-President Tyler, Gov.
\N ise. G-AV P Cost is, ex-Mayor Powers of Wash
•ngton, James Brooks of the New York Express,
Judge kfopton, James Barron Hope, Robert Ridge-
John R m. David R Strother (Porte
Crayon) and many other gentlemen of note, whom
we were glad to nee present on an occasion so in
| A resting, because it was a proof that the event
| a', aroused a spirit throughout the land, which mav
aerv * ce the day in y-ars to
At.er a parad of the military, the assemblage
to order by Phillip R. Fendall, E<q..
t . esiaent ct the Jamestown Society, who spoke
t>i J .* U led to the celebration
• t the daj. and then tne Rev. Mr. Winner, rector of
Bruton parish. >\ u-iaiLsbui*. ponied out a prayer
. xpreestve of gratitude tor the mercies so freely be
stowed upon our poopie, and invoking the blessing
ot God upon the attempt to preserve the memorie!
Lithe dry wmioh should be so dearly cherished in
every true \ irgiuia heart.
The Armory Baud played the Star Spangled Ban
ner. which sremed to send throughout tne great as
semblage a thrill of patriotic Joy. Ex-P-vajdent
John Tyler, who had been selected as the eiator of
the day. was then introduced, and he well perform
ed the task assigned him. The early history of the
country, including very lucid and beautiful de- j
scriptions of tne ancient city of Jamestown, with a :
vivid sketch of the trials and struggles of our noble |
ancestors, were the themes to which he ehiefly con- |
fined Lis remarks: and the applaude of the |
tude, wherever the distinguished speaker gave ut- !
teranoe to a brilliant thought was proof sufficient |
that a responsive chord had been touched in the i
public heart, out of which may grow and thrive the
splendid idea of an annual celebration of the land
ing of the pioneers at Jamestown.
Mi. Tyler’s address evinced an intimate knowl
edge of history and great maturity of thought; and
the pleasing rhetorical garb in which bis suggestions
were clad, commanded the strong and ardent admi
ration of every listener.
After Mr Tyler concluded his address. President
Kendall introduced James Barron Hope, Esq ,*of
Hampton, the poet of the occasion, who read the
following ode ■ '
Down the deep, misty crags of antique Time,
man 7 » tdrrent is a surge <ablime.
u 5 ,n y»tK* flood, till pale
e lul 11 '“irtow in »eque*itt‘red vale;
*w e - V I t ,a - st > low and'remote,
1, ‘"L fancifully tio»t.
A start* ’ t** 1 * , w ' h lr *diti°n and romance,
■iT.l ? t t K>v ' *b* u.rrent
M here spleudij hue. illume- each rugged fret
Which, rock like, bounds the rushing cateract,”
W'bere purple shadow o’er the “cene deacends,
And her soft euchaatment lends;
Wher*.- vanished thtaga—the very -izopleat—glow
With a •traage beauty, which doth float and flow
Around them, in »uch rich and gorgeous dye*.
At Autumn'* sunnet* mmgie iu our -tkies
Our history, brothers, suck grand torrent makes.
This *t»ot the valley, where in spray it break* ;
Wbi'Ji wreathed m columns, or dispersed in dews,
Takes from the past itc variegated hue* ;
And here we meet, this sacred day apart,
To mase in solemne»» of mind and bt art;
While over us, like a banner, Ilcata the mi.-t,
By fair romance and bright tradition kiss’d;
And. through th°-e mists, what epic forms arise,
What stored pictures gleam before our eyes t
Whiie, high above, is *een God's awful Land,
Writing, my brothers, slowly out Ills grand
Sublizur decree, which the great Geno-se
Transcribed, of old, upon the mighty seas—
Transcribed with those three keela which, longago,
Fretted the billows into wake- of snow
While, through sad days au.d nights, devoid of sleep.
He ploughed the bosom of the azure deep
The keels which sailed upon that sultry morn—
When priestly chant an J deep sonorous horn
Broke on the summer air ; when, all agape,
The speculative throng saw them escape
Their mooring-- in the tranquil sunny bay,
Tlr -e caravailas went upon wav.
And though ten thousand storms have swept the deep,
A’nd calms have lulled it in delusive sleep,
Though for long age* it has tossed and yearned,
As starlight shone, or crimson sunset burned —
Still on the ocean—type though it may be,
Os all that’s boundless, unsubdued and free,
Remains the record, to all time unfurled,
How God gave man the second time, a world.
One h* aven-directed genius laid his hand
Upon the hilt of Providence ; the brand
Required the force of all the human race
To draw it from the scabbard of its resting place—
A e- to wield it in the noble van.
Which gave this Western hemispheres to man.
Fain would I linger on that splendid age,
To which he gave its very brightest page ;
Which looked right onward —never glanced behind ;
While 'neatb his brow, of more than legal scope,
Ir, toiling, cast the whole world’s horoscope.
Fain would i paint his griefs in those sad hours,
When all his hopes seemed like the last year’s ilevvtrs ;
Fain follow him through all bis dreary years
Os pain and poveity. and bitter tears;
From convent porch to regal palace gate,
Tracing his footsteps as he charged on fate,
Which built new ramparts in his path each day,.
Until his brow was knit—his (lark hair gray.
Fain would I pause at Palos, where the breeze
His raravall&s swept towards unknown seas.
Fain follow where his daring vessel* sped—
Strange tides beneath—strange planets overhead;
Fain would I dwell upon that happy day,
When on the new-found shore he knelt to pray ;
That Easter day, when with the great sea’s boom,
Making the music of his mass, the tomb
Gave up his dream, which now in beauty rose,
Jake Christ awakened after His repose.
Was this the thought f Christ s was the name he gave
To that fair island smiling in the wave.
And the poor Indian—would I might narrate
His piteous story and his tragic fate !
A great mind tells us, that on all earth's sods,
Men crucify and then adore their Gods ;
There, twa> reversed—in blood the land was dyed,
And deities their votaries crucified.
Had I the space, I well might pause to scan
The varied features of this wondrous man;
Might follow through those bright and sunny islos,
Where Nature wears her very sweetest smiles,
Decked in a crown of ever-blooming flowers,
Os ocher hues, ami sweeter still than ours -
Where purple twilights tint the evening seas,
And calm stars write their solemn mysteries,
In skies which seem to be the azure shield.
Where Gcal’s own arms are blazoned on the field ;
Where strand and ocean—earth and star lit sky,
With one accord, give “ Athens’’ the lie.
Bat to be brief —for images apace,
Crowd on my fancy, claiming each a place,
As stars claim places in a tranquil night—
So thick they come—but not, alas !so bright.
Jn brief, then, brothers, to my humble song
I’ve made the prelude ample thus, and long,
As some musician who distrusts bis art,
Will hum a bar before he takes his part.
But not alone, for this I have delayed ;
For other purpose, too, my lingers strayed
Along the harp strings, as ’twere In a dream,
My purpose was to weave into my theme
These humble praises of the brain profound,
Which, wrapped in slumber, all its era found ;
Yet woke the age from its long fevered sleep—
Roused by the voices of the mighty deep,
Which sent its surges, lit by phosphor gleams,
Iu c* aseless currents through the old world’s dreams.
And though Spain's Admiral slumbered in the grave,
II«* left a beacon gleaming o'er the wave.
And, as years sped, the light be left waxed great;
The light he’d stricken from the flint of Fate ;
Rousing all Europe, as that flame antique
Awoke to triumph the exultant Greek.
A‘ last the visions, vast and undefined,
Which long had mustered in the geacral mind,
Marched forth in actions ; and the ages crest
Flickered with tires kindled in the West
A splendid plume ! which flamed and flared and flowed,
As lance in rest, th«* era westward rode.
What dreams men dreamed beneath the general spell,
Whal visions saw —1 need not pause to tell,
Nor how the tide of human fate was rolled
Upon iu» course by love of name or gold,
Nor how that flood was stained in this fair clime,
By blood and tears, rapacity and crime.
1 pause not now, to speak of Raleigh’s schemes,
Nor of the failure of his splendid dreams;
I pause not now, 10 tell of Ocracock, •
Where Saxon spray broke on the red brown roek;
Nor of my native river, which glides down
Through seem s where rose a happy Indiaa town ;
But leavmg these, and Chesapeake’s broad bay,
Resume my story in the month of May,
When England's cross- Bt. George’s ensign flowed,
"’here ne er before emblazoned banner glowed—
When English hearts throbbed fast, as English eyes
Looked o’er the waters with a glad surprise—
Looked gladly out upon the varied scene
\\ here stretch'd the woods in all their pomp of green,
Casting great shadows— ui as dreams—
Upon the bosoms of the limpid streams.
Turn where they would—in what direction rove—
They found some stream, or wild romantic cove,
On which they coasted through those forests dim,
In which they heard the never-ceasing hymn
Which swelled from all tha dim majestic pines—
Fit choristers of Nature's sylvan shrines,
For though no priest their solitudes had trod,
The trees were vocal in their praise of God,
Chanting grand passages and bars sublime,
To which religion in their hearts beat time.
And then, when jutting capes and headlands past,
The sails were furled against each idle mast,
They saw the snnaet, in its pomp, descend
And sky aud w ater gloriously contend
In gorgeoubneos of coloas; red and gtdd
And tints of amythist together rolled,
Making a sceneof splendor aud rest,
As vanquished day-lit campfires in the west,
And when the light grew faint on wave and strand.
New beauties woke in this enchanting land,
For through heaven's lattice-work of crimson bars,
Like angels, looked bright, eternal stars
Aud theu when gathered tints of purplish brown,
A gloaming sickle, reaping darkness down,
The new moon gleamed above the giant trees
Which gave low music to the evening breeze,
The breeze which floating blandly from the shore
The perfumed breath of flow’ring jasmine b«re;
For smiling spring had kist its clustering vines
And breathed her fragrance In the lofty pines.
Iu those vast forests dwelt a race of kings,
Free as a eagle when he spreads his wings—
His wings which never in their wild fli ht lag—
In mists which fly, the tierce tornado’s flag ;
Their flight the eagle’s, and their name, alas !
The eagle's shadow swooping o’er the grass
Or, as it fades, it well may seem to be,
The shade of the tempest, driven o’er the sea.
Fierce, too, this race, as monntaiu torrent wild,
With haughty hearts where mercy rarely smiled —
All their traditions—histories, imbued
With talcs of war and sanguinary feud,
And though they never couched the knightly lance,
The glowing songs of Europe's old romance
Can nud their parallels amid the race
Which on this spot met England, face to face,
And where they met the white man, hand to hand,
Twilight and suurise stood upon the strand
Twilight and sunrise ? Saxon sunshine gleams
To-day o’er prairies and those distant streams
Which hurry onward through far western plains
Where the last Indian, for a season reigns.
Here the red Canute, on this spot, sat down,
Her splendid forehead stormy with a frown,
To quail with the wild lightning ot his glance
The swift encroachment of the wave’s advance;
To meet and check the ruthless tide, which rose,
Crest after crest of energetic foes,
While high aud strong, poured on each cruel wave,
Until they left his royalty a grave.
But in this wild, tumultuous deluge, gleams
A vision, fair as sailor hath in his dreams ;
A dove of mercy o’er the billows dark
Fluttered awhile, then within God’s Ark.
Had 1 the power, I'd reverently describe
That peerless maid —the “ pearl of all her tribe,”
As evening fair, when coming night aud day
Contend together which shall wield its sway.
But here abashed, my paltry fancy strays;
For her, too humble its most stately lays.
A shad** of twilight’s softest sweetest gloom—
The dusk of morning—found a splendid tomb
In England's glare ; so strange, ami vast, and bright,
The dust of morning bursted iuto light.
Which streameth through the past’s cathedral aisles
Till sculptured mercy, like a seraph smiles.
And through Fame's grand aud consecrated sane
No kingly statue may in time, retain,
Her name shall linger; nor with age grow faint ;
Its simple sound—the image of a saint.
Sad is the story of that maiden’s race
Long driven from each legendary place.
All their expansive meeting grounds, are now
Torn by the iron of the Saxon's plow,
Which turns up skulls, and arrow heads, and bones —
Their place* nameless and unmarked by stones.
Now freighted vessels sail al ng the view.
Where once was seen the Indian's swift canoe ;
And the shrill sound made by escaping steam
Proclaims the past, but as a vivid dream.
Where rose the wigwam iu its sylvan shade.
Where the bold hunter in his freedom strayed,
Aud met his foe, or chased the bounding stag.
The lazy horses at the harrow lag.
Where the wild dance was held, or war-song rose,
The scene is one of plenty and repose,
The quiver of her race is empty now,
Its bow lies broken underneath the plow ;
And where the wheat fields ripple in the gale,
The vanished hunter scarcely leaves a trail.
Twas where yon river musically flows,
The Europeau’s nomenclature rose;
A keen edged axe, which since, alas! has .iwept
Away their names—those beughs, which blossoms kept.
What strange vicissitudes and perils fell
On the first settlers, tis not mine to tell;
I scarce may to syllable the name
Which the great Captain left behind to fame;
A uarne which echoed through the tented past
Like sound of charge rung iu the bugle's blast,
His age. although it still put faith in stars,
Ne longer glanced through feudal helmet bars,
But stooi 4 in itt half armor, thus stands he
Ha’s like a dream of Border chivalry,
And half presented to our eager eyes.
The brilliant s> mbol of brave enterprise.
A knightly blad*, without one spot of mat,
Undimmed by time and undefaced by dust,
His name hangs up in that past age's hall *
Where many hang, the brightest ©f them all
Aud here, at l*st, there sprang the rambling town.
A smile contending with the forest's frown
Would 1 might linger on those ancient times
Whose stories swell v* ith yet unwritten rhyme;
Would I might pa hit the dames and cavaliers.
Whose stately forms glide down the vanished years.
Where faintly the dusky purple
Gleamed jeweled hil: an-! golden wrought brocade;
Whence with a*sweet ard necromantic spell
Music and augttter. song and perfume swell
Would 1 might pause neath yonder tower, when hoi
No longer htars response or fervip vow
Which only echoes ;o the plaintive hymn
Made by the uight wind, when the stars are dina.
Wheie prayers for King* and parliaments arose.
Waves the wild vine and madding flewer blows
There solitude- -that grave and solemn priest—
For meditat on spreads its consecrated feast;
And stsndiEg gray in sunshine and in blast,
It seems embodied “Amen” o'er the pan.
Aud “Amen” o’rthe buried past which I
A ghostly shade have dimly seen flit by.
How England’s arts aud institutions rose—
Themselves, her indirec*ed rule’s worst foes—
as his to tell, w hose eloquence, of old
borne rapt Senates on its tide of gold;
aose name, a calm and steady radiance throws
Upon our history like the sun’s'repose.
Leu linking slowly in a flood of light,
Serene as tie is wonderfully bright :
Pj“K like that harJv plant, which clinp*
c t e^8 ’ oer w sweep condor's wings,
‘‘“‘p om losod beceaih the spray
Flung from his liquid eloquence to day.
One other name, but no ! my song is’ done -*
DrearrLhaf h* "' h, ‘ adores the sun.
or , so ' :fia '' Wanted lavs.
As lL ire '‘,L rlO V'’ bri a' ht " Sys,
A ia. pure, .n any song of mine J
?.° JuT* 6 . lh i al Mme in neater lustre shine
Its finest place is on Virginia's brow.
As kneeling down, to God she sends her vow
That a> her great son left her, she will be
And live on proudly, free amid the free
Or finding that she may no. «hu“A£*'
Like Sampson, grasp the pillars of the sane
And leas call wreck, where erst in prtdefr rose
Tomb tor herself in common with her foes
The poet wt* frequently interrupted during the
delivery of the ode by heaity and enthusiast.? an
plause. After he dosed, Gov. Wise was introduced
to the audience. He made a brief address abound
ing in those flights of fancy for which he is distin
guished, and eliciting the plaudits of the assemblage
at the conclusion.
There being no farther ceremonies, the people
AUGUSTA, GA, WEDNESDAY MORNING, MAY 27, 1857.
commenced dispersing, and the remainder of the
evening was spent in the pursuit of enjoyment in
which we ere glad to no disorder was mani
fested. The bountiful supplies of food upon the
island left no one in fear of starvation, ana it was
somewhat amusing to witness the rush of the hut*
gry towards the Sutler's tern, as soon as the public
ceremonies were over.
Pennsylvania was represented on the occasion
by several very gentlemean. They
unfurled three magnificent Hags near the speaker’s
stand, and dispensed their hospitalities generously
Lo all with whom they became acquainted. They
should surely be entitled to the favorable con
sideration of the Jamestown Society, for having
addea so materially to the interest of the celebration.
The night of the 13tt May, 1857, wi'l long be re
membered by several hundred individuals, who re
mained at Jamestown, as one of the most disagree
able they ever spent in the whole course of their
lives. Kain fell almost incessantly, and lucky was
he who was under a tent, of texture sufficiently
strong to aveit *he calamity of a drenched exterior,
ilowever, the night passed off without any further
unhappy event, and we doubt not that all were
duly thankful, Thursday morning, that matters were
no worse.
We find many pleasant memories crowding upon
our mind, as we recount the incidents of the cele
bration at Jamestown. There was so much to please
the eye, and so many interesting reminiscences
were brought to the mind by the scenes exhibited,
that we cannot help wishing, with perfect sincerety,
that the Jamestown Society may long continue to
celebrate the event, and that the citizens of tho
great State may be eo much identified with it, that
it shall come to be regarded as a sacred festival,
never to be neglected or forgotten.
Expedition to the Isthmus of Darien.— lt
will be £een from the following extract from a letter
to a gentleman on board the frigate Independence,
that Assistant Surgeon Caldwell, attached to that
ship, has made an exploration across the Isthmus,
along the route which Engineer Gisborne, of Eng
land, stated to be practicable for a ship canal. This
is the same route, too, it will be recollected, which
Lieut. Strain, in a letter to the Secretary of the
Navy, reported to be utterly impracticable :— Balt.
Amer.
United States Frigate Independence, )
Bay of Panama, May 3, 1857. \
Our Assistant Surgeon Caldwell has iust returned
from an expedition he .et out on nearly six weeks
ago. He started with one man from the ship, and
guides obtained from Painogana, to attempt cross
ing the Isthmus at the route which Gisborne, (civil
engineer, England,) said was practicable. He as
cended the Rio Savanne to Principe, about 30 miles,
and from thence started towards Caledonia Bay,
(Tossing and re-crossing the Savanne river some
four times in as many hours. The country he repre
sents us gradually ascending for the first ten miles
to, he would think, less than two hundred feet ele
vation, and then appeared gradually descending to
the Atlantic—being a level country, covered with
undergrowth, and little or no timber.
The day before arriving at the position from
which he saw the Atlantic his guide left him, re
fusing to go further. He went on w ithout him to
within about five miles of Caledonia bay, and from
a tree saw the Atlantic and gorge (quebrada) which
Gisborne mentions on his being turned back by the
“ Miudingo Indians.” Here, suffering greatly for
water, there being none in the vicinity, their provi
sions being short, and their nearest supply 24 hoars
off, he reluctantly turned back. I consider, from
conversations that 1 have had heretofore with Dr.
Black on Gisborne's route, previous to the ineffectu
al attempt that Mr. Strain made at exploration, that
Dr. Caldwell lias settled the matter; and now all
that is required is a regularly organized party to run
on the route, take observations, &.c.; and the soon
er the better, as the marks that Dr. Caldwell left of
his path are now fresh, and will possibly be oblite
rated by the fall or perhaps the next Spring.
A Line of Steamers Between Franck and
Virginia. —Gov. Wise, of Virginia, has been hold
ing a correspondence with M. Laconture, in refer
ence to a line of steamships between France and
Virginia. Gov. Wise estimates the aggregate wealth
of Virginia at eight hundred millions of dollars. He
says if the French company will make up a cargo
of French goods for one steamer, and give thirty
days notice of her arrival at Norfolk, the Virginia
and North Carolina merchants will purchase the
goods and have a return cargo of their produce. If
this one succeeds the French line to and from Nor
folk and Havana will be established. If it must
have aid by contribution it will almost be sure to
have a mail contract under appropriation by Con
gress ; for the Southern States will no longer vote
for appropriations to any northern line to carry Eu
ropean mails, unless equal amounts arc voted to
one or more Southern lines. He further proposes
that if European capitalists will bring their funds
to complete the Kanawha Canal and Covington and
Ohio Railroad, he will recommend to the General
Assembly of Virginia to guarantee a stipulated iu
terest of at least six per cent., aud the entire re
demption of the debt in thirty-four years, and an
appropriation from the State treasury of two hun
died thousand dollars per annum to aid in sustain
ing a line of steamers of sufficient class, or the Eu
ropeans to construct the works, and take them for a
stipulated period of time.
Minutes of Points
Decided by ike Supreme Court at Milledger tile,
May Term, 1857.
Jetbo Arline vs. Sarah Miller, Equity—from Lau
rens.—l. The heirs at law can maintain suit against
the Executors of a deceaesd Administrator, when
there has been a devastavit or conversion of the
original estate by the Administrator, and this with
out taking out letters de botus non on the first
estate. 2. The statute of limitations is no bar to
an action by the heir at law, and especially if she
has been under the disability of coverture, against
an Administrator who continues in office, and has
not obtained letters of dismission. 3. The answer
of an Executor who states aud charges a fact to tie
best of his knowledge and belief, without any per
sonal knowledge of the same, will not dispense with
other proof of such fact, although it may be respon
sive to the bill.
Judgment affirmed. Rockwell for plaintiff in
error , Warren for defendant in error.
Daniel Roberts, Pl’fT. in Error, vs. Thomas M.
Foreman et. al., Deft, in Error, Ejectment—Lau
rens.—Judgment affirmed. H. Morgan for plain
tiffin error ; Warren for defendant in error.
Daniel S. Johnson, Pl’fl' in Error, vs. Robert
Crawley, Deft, in Error, Claim—from Morgan.—
1. The judgment of a Court ot competent jurisdic
tion, and obtained without fraud, although binding
upon parties and privies, is no bar or estoppal to
strangers and third persons, who may impeach such
judgment, or show facts to invalidate it, whenever
their rights require It.
Judgment reversed. Starnes for plaintiff in er
ror. Cone for defendant in error.
Stephen Sampson, Plfl’. in Error, vs John C.
Browning, Deft, in Error, Noncupative Will—from
Thomas. —It is neoessary to the validity of a non
cupative will that the person making it should call
upon the persons present, or some of them, to bear
witness that such is his will, or to that effect.
Judgment reversed, Cole & Bailey for plaintiff in
error. Harris & Warren representing Seward
Hansell for defendant in error.
William H. Hendry, Plff. in Error, vs Jas. 11.
Ilurst, Deft, in Error, Guardian's Return—from
Thomas. —An appeal from the Ordinary, of a caveat
or protest to the returns and vouchers presented by
a Guardian, the Superior Court exercises all the
powers of the Ordinary, and in this case the return
should have been received and the evidence offer
ed admitted, and the account and vouchers as ren
dered, allowed or disallowed, in whole or in part,
by the jury, as the testimony authorized.
Judgment reversed. Cole for plaintiff in error;
Seward 6c Hansell, by Harris, for deft, in errer.
J. W. H. Mitchell, Plff. in Error, vs John B.
Lacy, Deft, in Error, Equity—from Thomas.—The
answer to a cross bill, which is filed for discovery
only, should not be read by the complainant in the
original bill, as a part of his case, either as pleading
or evidence.
Judgment reversed. Rockwell and Cole for
plaintiff in error; Seward Sc Hansell, by Harris for
defendant in error.
John Hammond vs E. S. Candler—From Bald
win.—Forfeiture of Slaves.—lt is error to grant a
motion in arrest of judgment, upon the ground that
it does not appear from the record that the oath
prescribed by a particular statute to be adminis
tered to the jury, was administered to them.
Judgment reversed. McKinley for plaintiff in
error . Kenan it Harris for defendant in error.
Morgan M. Mills vs N. S. Glover—Possessary
Warrant —From Jones.—Where a party has been in
possession of personal property more than four years,
the statutory possessory warrant will not lie, to de
prive him ot possession, even though the affiant or
movant was under a disability, which in ordinary
cases, would prevent the operation of the statute of
limitations.
Judgment affirmed. Nisbet for plaintiff in error :
Poe A: Cone for defendant in error.
R. B. Harrell vs J. M. Mount.—AJwill, directing
testator’s estate to be divided when his youngest
child comes of age, aud in the meantime directing
that it shall be kept together until that event, and
his children to be clothed and educated out of it,
and to receive one thousand dollars as they respec
tively come of age. Held, to vest an interest in the
children before the youngest become of age and
which was trausmissible to the representative of any
child dying before that event.
Judgment.affirmed. F. Scarborough for plaintiff
in error ; Killeu A. Harris for defendant in error.
Samuel O. Varner vs A. Goldsby.—Judgment
affirmed, with directions. Lofton and Bailey for
plaintiff in error; Cone for deft, in error.
Thoms Willis vs Robert S. Willis, Adm’r, Ac.—
Illegality—from Daldwin.—When negroes die after
the verdict in trover against defendant, but before
the time allowed by the jury, to defendant to
deliver them up, such dying will not relieve the
defendant from paying the damages rendered against
him.
Judgment affirmed. Kenan for plaintiff in error.
McKinley for defendant in error.
James H. Holland vs Jeptha J. Chaffin et al.,
e j )^~ _ f rom Jasper—Judgment affirmed. Anderson
and Bailey for plaintiff in er*or : Baitlett for defen
dant in error.
J. B.Fitt et al. vs Governor, for use, Ac. Debt—
from Putnam.—Judgment affirmed. Hudson for
planintiff in error -. Cone for defendant in error. —
Southern Recorder.
Murder at Brunswick. —Mr. J. Wood, proprie
tor oi the Oglethorpe House at Brunswick, was de
liberately murdered by Charles Moore. Marshal of
that town, Saturday night last. The circumstance?
are briefly as follows : Moore whipped a negro be
longing to Mr. Wood tue afternoon of that day,
whereupon a slight altercation took plac ?, the latter
considering the boy as undeserving the punishment.
The matter passed off and was thought nothing of,
on Woods part. About mne o'clock that night
\V ood, in company with several gentlemen, was sit
ting at a table in the front room of the Hotel, when
M**ore entered and remarked; “ Wood, we had a
quarrel this evening, when I was unarmed ; I am
now prepared for you.” Wood immediately arose
from the table and remarked.- u Charlie, we did
have a slight difference, but I have thought nothing
of it since, and regard the matter as forgotten.”—
As soon as these words were spoken, Moore drew a
pistol and deliberately shot Wood through the heart
The latter started from the room and reached the
passage. when he fell and expired immediately.—
Moore left the house and immediately disappeared.
The Mayor was soon on the spot, 'and offered a
reward of one thousand dollars for the arrest of the
murderer, but up to the last accounts he had not
been taken.— Sav. Rep.
Death among the Cattle. —Thousands of cat
tle have been starved and frozen to death, during
the winter, in Missouri. A letter from one of the in
terior towns of that State, in Friday's New York
Tribune, says that in ordinary seasons cattle are
wintered with but little or no feeding. On the Mis
souri Flats thousands of head subsist during the
winter season entirely upon the rushes and wild pea
vines which are found in abundance, and do better
than if fed on hay or corn. The prospect last fall
was exceedingly fair, til, the first day of Decern
ber, it commenced snowing, and continued moet of
the time one tremendous storm, until the snow fell
to the depth of between three and four feet The
snow might be compared to the clouds of moving
sand on the deserts of Arabia: while the mercury
ranged from 20 to 3d degrees below zero, and in a
number of instances actually froze. It made a clean
sweep of fowls and swine, and nearly all the cattle.
Some who had several hundred of ca f tie, lost the
whole. Some shot one-half to save the feed for the
other half, and those finally froze to death, shut up
in barns and stables.
The Washington iTiion says that the Democratic
party is very certain no to go to sleep. Perhaps
it can't go to sleep for the same reason that the
woman’s baby coolon’t—its face is so dirty that it
can’t shut its eyes.— LouuvUlt Journal .
From the National Intelligencer.
*iHin and the Siamese.—A day a I Court with
the American Commitudoner.
Messrs. Editors.- I extract from the desultory'
notes ot a sea journal in my possesion some ac
count oi the “ poetical Orientals,” and the Siamese
particularly, with some passages descriptive of the
American Commissioner to Bankok.
Althcugh an account has been given of the treaty
wjth Siam negotiated bv Mr. Harris some time
oatk, jet the parages below may repay perusal as
a permanently interesting and decidedly curious
description o. the singular manners of the country
and an interview of its Court. -
*e? f Ut f th ,t SUb^ect ind . icates another consideration—
of ' he / roere .‘* lon of American interests in
Asia. The description ,n the journal of the Siamese
pe ?T le “ h * bit “K the region of
Chin-Incus. The natives ol the large tract of coun
ty b , etwe * n ttengal and China are marked by
the same characteristics 0 f simplicity and inoffen
siveness most extreme; they are all effete mol
sor B <2.m rtCT ? f , As,a - m 9 Bt favorably situated as it is
for commercial enterprise, and now the active thea
tre of miaiouary labors exclusivelr American, is
"'.thin the advancing lines of modern
eivihzatk n. The country is as rich in natural re
sources as India itself, and the natives share in the
disposition so strongly manifested by the present
King of Siam to contract new retentions w ith the
world around them, and emulate, by an imitation
yet in its first stages, the civilization of the Cauca
sian races. Various circumstances, which it is not
convenient now to detail, combine to offer grand
opportunities for the progression of the interests of
our country in this neglected part of the globe.
ii ' Edward A. Pollard.
Vinevule , Middle (reorgia.
Passages from a Journal of a Trip round the
World.
On the 13th of April, 1836, the United States
steam frigate San Jacinto, with the Commissioner
on board sent by our Government to effect a change
in the terms of its treaty with Siam, anchored off
the mouth of the Menam river, having the land just
insight. Until very recently the Siamese have had
no treaties with any nation except the United States
which has been a kind of dead letter, and to impart
vitality to which, by the addition of a few other ar
ticles, was the object of the late mission of Mr. Har
ris. For years before the arrival of the American
Commissioner Great Britain had, with difficulty,
obtained a treaty from Siam on terms of commer
cial reciprocity ; and the San Jacinto had passed
.he French Commissioner at Singapore, who was
charged with a similar mission from his Govern
ment. The special attentions of the three greatest
commercial nations of the world have had the effect
of impressing the barbarians of Siam with a very
exa Kß era^ sense of their importance, while the
Government has learned to affect dignity by the
pretentious delays and circuities of the diplomacy
it apes. The country has a rich produce in pepper,
coffee, sugar, cocoauut oil, valuable woods, aud
tin.
The people of Siam are still in a state of semi
barbarism, without any other virtue to enumerate
than that of inoffensiveness. It is a singular fact
that the Protestant, missionaries (all Americans)
have not made a solitary convert in their twenty
years’ experience among the Siamese, who are
mostly Buddhists. But they have doue much to
wards cultivating a harvest for those who shall
succeed them in their religious enterprise; and it
may be said, with emphasis, that they alone have
given to the people aud Government of Siam all the
ideas they possess of the institutions and cotempo
raneous history of civilization, while they have al
ready produced their minor semblances on the sur
face of society, which indicate approaching changes.
It is a disagreeable fact that the Orientals, w'ho
appear so poetical at a distance, and in the light of
a traditional admiration, are transformed in the eyes
of the traveller to ignorant and squalid and breeoh
less barbarians. We had encountered the first
specimens of these poetical races at the Cape of
Good Hope. The English and Dutch populations
are in the ascendant there ; but we frequently met
with th^Bengalese, Malays, Chinamen, Africans,
aud mixtures of these with the Portuguese. All of
them at the Cape wore the European costume. We
saw r no Kaffirs or Hottentots ; the latter sre said to
be nearly extinct. The Bengalese, Malays and
Chinamen were conveyed from their homes at the
expense of the British Government to supply the
place of slave labor; it being found, after the
emancipation, that the blacks would prefer starva
tion to work—the consequence being that they are
fast disappearing at the Cape. The rule of the
British is, on the importation of a cargo of the East
ern races, to apprentice them at auction for a term
of three years, at which time they may be conveyed
Luma again or settle in the country, according to
their preference. They aie miserable wretches,
their beastly and abject appearances attesting the
wi etched and demoralizing effects of the system.—
They r.re not allowed to have their wives with
them, only a few women being furnished to accom
pany thenp—say one lo ten. Such is the British
philanthropic substitute for slave labor.
Next, at the Isle of France, we had another speci
men of the Orientals, here seeing for the first time,
the peculiarities of the Oriental coelume—caps, tur
bans, Chinese hats robes, hip-cloths, andjackets—
with the variety in the scene, now and then, of the
appearance of a Jew dressed in short robe and gir
dle, w ith a conical cap or “horn.” Thence to Cey
lon was the next stage, where the Congalese and
Bengalese made their appearance, wearing long
skirts of cotton cloth wrapped tightly round the
waist and hips, the better classes being distinguished
by a shirt or jacket in addition. They are as indo
lent as possible for a people to be, who consider a
man independent in the possession of seven cocoa
nut trees, each tree being valued at seventy-five
cents per year. Hating work, they have the pecu
liar semi-barbarian fondness for trade, which they
carry on by the exclusive aids of lying and cheating,
such being their theory of commerce.
Such are Orientals, and but little improvement is
found by going East—certainly not iu Siam or among
the masses of China Both sexes in Siam adopt
no other garment than a cloth around the hips, with
another occasionally used to protect the head and
shoulders from the rain or the excessive heat of the
sun; the children go entirely naked until about
eight years old. This scantiness of apparel is, at
may be well conceived, demoralizing in the ex
treme. The women are all enslaved. They do
every thing, even to sculling the boats. The men
are all gamblers. They have the absolute power of
selling at pleasure their wives and children, and fre
quently they mortgage their children for debt, and
thus enslave them for life, unless they should be re
deemed, which can be seldom done, by paying the
original debt, with thirty per cent annual interest.
The men then selves may be sold for debt, and their
habits of gambling frequently induce these sales.
Every man has as many wives as he can support.
As for the Siamese aristocracy, we had speedy
evidence of their having not yet attained a cosmo
politan standard of elegance in manners and dress.
Two days after the San Jacinth bad come to anchor
the Prime Minister came down the river on a visit
of ceremony to the ship, attended by several
of his sons‘and brothers, and followed by ser
vants bearing their masters’ swords. All of them
were without hats or shoes, the nobles wearing silk
jackets over their hip cloths. They came down in a
very small steamer, (the only one they have,) and
anchored near us. As they came on board of us
rather early in the morning, Capt. Bell had break
fast prepared, and requested the missionary, Dr.
Mattoou, who accompanied them, to invite the Prime
Minister to designate such of his own suite as he ad
mitted to his own table. He appeared to be much
perplexed, and finally designated his brothers alone,
who in turn seemed rather uneasy at the honor paid
them. An explanation had to be offered, as we were
not aware of the punctilious custom of the country
of eating alone. An inferior is never admitted to
equality at table, and there is an obvious difficulty in
finding two persons among the nobility of t he country
ofpiecisely the same rank, as the precedence of au
thority ig strictly respected. After having despatch
ed his breakfast, the Minister asked his brother for
fire to light his cigar, when the latter immediately
sunk ou all-fours, resting on his elbows and knees,
and presented the cigar from his lips. This is the
fashion of all inferiors when addressing or serving
their superiors. When the King passes up and
down the river in his barge, the banks are crowded
with men aud women on all-fours, while many of
them run back into the narrow lanes to close up
their houses, shutting the doors and windows, and
then prostrating themselves on the giound, although
out of sight.
Our aristocratic visiters stopped on board about
four hours, until they had sufficiently indulged their
curiosity and exhausted their stock of ceremonious
politeness. The greatest curiosity with us was to
witness their behavior when they returned to their
steamer, and the readiness with which they laid
aside ceremony for comfort. As soon as they reach
ed their deck they threw off their jackets, and, to
cool off more pleasantly, loosened the folds of their
clouts, the only garment theykept on. Some drew
buckets of waterand sat down in them.
On another occasion than that just mentioned the
Sau Jacinto had the honor of an aristocratic visit
from two “gentlemen” of the Prince’s household.—
One of the visiters was dressed in a red silk jacket,
green vest, and Dlue silk pants, reaching just below
the knee, with his feet encased iu cotton socks and
common India-rubber overshoes. The other was
sans vest, socks, or shoes. They came to breakfast
of course. After the meal was over and they had
seen the ship, aud we were expecting them to make
their conge , the courtier in the fancy vest very
quietly betook himself to the sofaia the cabin, where
he enjoyed two naps until late in the attemoqn,
when he suddenly aiscovered that the wind was fair
to bear them back to the’shore.
After a series of delays, scarcely wise, however
characteristic of Siamese diplomacy, notice was
conveyed to Mr. Harris of the particular day on
which the King would receive him. His Majesty
had been unusually tardy in his reception, aud had
delayed several weeks; on the pretext that he had
been building a house—of bamboo!—for the accom
modation ofthe Commissioner and his suite. Our
partv proceeded with Mr. Harris to the residence of
the King iu large royal boats, and, after landing at
Bankok, were conveyed in procession to the palace
in chairs borne each on the shoulders of four men.—
The city of Bankok, which is the capital, is situate
about tuirty miles up the Menam river, built partly
on bamboo stakes in the river, and with canals for
streets. Many of the houses are built on rafts of
bamboo, tied up to the shore. The buildings are
generally of bamboo or wood, but the templee and
the King’s storehouses, as well as the palace, are
built of brick, covered over with plaster.
On reaching the palace our party were set down,
and at 8 A. M. were shown into the Hall of Justice.
His Majesty had appointed 7 o’clock, in the cool of
the morning, as the hour for our oisembarkation;
but, to prt ve his contempt for time and the conve -
nienct of othere, it was not until past the hour of 11
that we were < onducted to the Audience Hall. We
passed through files of wretched soldiers aud crowds
of people. The ball was magnificent. In the centre
stood two thrones, one more elevated than the test,
the explanation being offered that there were two
Kings, the office of the second being somewnat an
alogous to that of our Vice President, as he suc
ceeds to throne iu certain cases of vacation. An
audience chair, with a desk, was placed in front of
the thrones, where his Majesty was seated to re
ceive us. He was dressed in a blue silk robe,
worked with gold, and a blue cap, adorned on top,
back and front, with three splendid diamonds. His
sword was a trophy I should have rejoiced to pos
sess. Before him on the desk lay a pistol, writing
materials, ana a small tea service. On either hand
were prostrate nobles, dressed in magnificent gold
en wrought kinoobs from the celebrated looms of
Leuares, ana crouching on their el bo we and knees.
The Princes were in the same position on the left
nearer his Majesty.
We advanced Dear the centre of the hall as far as
the front line of the crouching courtiers, where ruga
were spread on the carpet, and on which we were
invited to be seated after having bowed twice to
his Majesty. The talk then commenced. His
Majesty addressed himself to the Minister of Foreign
Affaire, who was on the right between us and his
Majesty: the Minister repeated the royal remarks
to his under-secretary, who sat at his back : he in
turn repeated the same to our interpreter, who fi
nally det&fled them to Mr. Harris, and the reply of
the commissioner was forced to go through the same
channels before it was considered to have reached
the royal ears. After a little talk of this fashion his
Majesty commenced to sip his coffee and converse
with some of the princes, who approached him by
crawling ou their bellies. In the course of an hour
he placed the pistol in his belt and walked out at a
side door. Alter a few minutes we were told that
the King would see us privately, and we were con
ducted into a email plain office, like that of a private
gentleman, where we found his Majesty seated at a
writing table, waiting to have us introduced
individually. He invited us to sit opposite
him, when he |immediateiy commenced to dis
play his learning by an attempt to converse in En
glish, which be spoke with much difficulty. He
also conversed in Latin, which he called the Biblia
language, and spoke of the Parsee and other lan
guages as being known to him , while he was evi
dently anxious to allude to his being a member of
some European Antiquarian Societies. lie hamlet
, us a letter to read which he had written in English
and, after some few other pedantic displays, he pro
eeeded, in our presence, to write a letter iu Englisl
to the President of the United States, pausing oc
casioually to inquire the spelling of a word. Ht
handed tre letter to Mr. Harris, with his antograpl
card, for Mr. Marcy. His painted card he presentee
to each of us. i suppose he had heard of the Eu
ropean custom of exchanging cards, and did nol
exactly apprehend its significance. Iu fine, bis
Majesty is evidently more of a pedant than a king
Though the son of a king aud heir to a throne, he
was put aside in infancy and became a Buddhist
priest, in which office lie was required to instruct
both men and boys, and acquired in this way most
of his information with his habits of pedantry. He
is now fifty years of age.
The Second King is about the age of the First.
The writer paid him a visit, in company with a
party of officers. He received us with all the ease
of a polished gentleman, conversing fluently in
English, aud without the least restraint to any one.
We were shown those well executed statuettes of
Nopoleon I. Victoria and Albert, which were the
work of his owl hands, and which no other person
in Siam could have made. He is exceedingly
ambitious to cultivate European accomplishments
and pastimes, aud to set an example of improvement
iu thi9 respect to his countrymen*. He gave us tea
after our own fashion, doiug the honors of dishing
it at his table. During our visit, which lasted from
4 till 7P. M., two of his old wives were present,
resting on their elbows and knees, and crawling
about the room, without ever rising to their feet,
while they chatted and laughed with him unres
trainedly. He seemed to treat them with kindness
and respect, notwithstanding the custom of the
country which requires them to crawl at his feet.
Recently an English lady made a present of her
smelling bottle to the favorite wife. The next day
she received form the palace a small vial, containing
a piece of the skin of the White Elephant, which
died two or three years ago. This most precious
and venerable relic the greatest proof
that could be offered of barbarian punctiliousness
ami gallantry in exchanging presents
Attaint in l tab Territory—Di»ppr»ion of the
I . S. Courts.
In a letter, dated March sth, a correspondent of
the New \ork Times gives the following accouut
of recent outrages committed on the Federal and
Judicial authorities of Utah Territory. The writer
says that it is almost impossible to find any safe
means of communication with Eastern friends, as
letters are open and subjected to careful scrutiny
after being deposited in the Post Office, and even
passing travellers, who are suspected of beariftg
letters by which the true condition of affairs in the
Mormon world may become known, are waylaid
and robbed. He then gives the following apparent
ly candid statement of facts:
The U. S. District Court for Utah commenced its
session on Monday, the 9th of February, Judge
Stiles, a seceding Mormon, occupying the bench.—
The U. S. District Attorney is Ilosea Stout, an ap
pointee, of course, of the Government at Washing
ton, and a noted member of the Danite Band.—
Upifll the opening of the Court he rose and stated
that no Grand Jury would be impanneled, as there
were no cases to be presented worthy of its notice !
Thus, by one stroke of masterly policy, administer
ed by an officer of the law and iu the name of its
majesty, were covered up along catalogue of hein
ous offences, including murders, i obberies and ar
sons, which had been committed since the last pre
ceding term of the Court. A Petit Jury was then
summoned and sworn, but every imaginable im
pediment tha f could be thrown in their way to ob
struct the current of justice when running counter
to the edicts of the Priesthood, were availed of. All
the members of the bar are Mormons, except Mr.
David 11. Burr, United States Surveyor-General,
and Dr. Hurt, an officer of the United States Indian
Department. These gentlemen were admitted by
Chief Justice Kinney about a year ago in order to
attend to some controversies connected with their
official positions, and to an important case that was
then tried, and which involved a large amount of
property belonging to a citizen who was not a Mor
mon. They have not practiced, however, since
then, until the preseut term of the Court, when they
agreed to do so at the earnest solicitation of Mr. T.
S. Williams, who had some very interesting cases
to prosecute.
It is contended by the Mormons that the United
States Court has no cognizance of any but United
States cases, and that all offences committed iu the
Territory, and all Territorial suits, must be tried be
fore the Territorial Courts and by the Territorial
laws. Starting upon this pretext, while the Court
was in progress on the 12th ult., the "Mormon inem
bers of the bar and others of the Danite bark invei
gled Judge Stiles into a private room, locked the
door, barred the windows, aud then with revolvers
at his head and knives within an inch of his throat,
forced him to promise to uphold them in whatever
they did, and to “sustain the laws of Utah !” Thus
overpowered, threatened and intimidated, Judge
Sljles yielded, dismissed the jury and adjourned the
Court, directing the Crier to pronounce it adjourn
ed sine die. The Crier accordingly announced the
Court adjournded sine die, but also stated that it
would meet the next day for the purpose of trans
acting any Territorial business that might be brought
before it. The Judee, at the bidding of the Dan
ites, notified the U. S. Marshal, Mr. Dodson, that af
ter that day his presence would not be required iu.
the Court—that as Territorial business wad to be
transacted, the Territorial Marshal would, with such
bailiffs and officers as he might appoint to assist
him, be considered the officers of the Court, and that
an account of the expenses of the Court w ould be
kept by the Territorial Marshal, aud rendered to
United Stater Marshal for payment. The MormoDß
feared that the United States Marshal—who is a
“Gentile”—would interfere with the execution of
their plans, and therefore adopted this method of
getting rid of him, and substituting the Mormon
Territorial Marshal in his place. Judge Stiles, ou
being asked by a Gentile, directly after the ad
jourument of the Court, whether it was possible that
he could imagine bis proceedings and decisions cor
rect and just, frankly acknowledged that he knew
they were neither, and added: “You understand
my position with this people. I cannot do other
wise /”
Judge Stiles re-opened the Court the next day, the
13th of February, iu pursuance of the notice given,
aud proceeded to business. The Territorial Marsh
al, Alexander McKay, occupied the proper station
ofthe United States Marshal, thus giving the Court
an entirely Mormon aspect, with Mr. Burr as the
only Gentile within the Bar. The journal of tlie
preceding day was then read. Finding that it re
corded the Court as adjourned “until to morrow,”
Mr. Burr asked if the record was correct. Judge
Stiles replied that the crier had misunderstood bis
order, and that instead of adjourning the Court sine
die, he should have adjourned it until the next
morning,—that he had adjourned the Court “sitie
die ” only as related to United States business, aud
that it was still in session on Territorial business.—
He also remarked that as the Legislature was a
creature of the same power as that which created
the Court, they were co-ordinate -, and that in all
the cases to be tried before him he should be govern
ed by the laws of the Territory iu preference to all
others, aud that he w'ould have recourse to other
laws only when the enactments of the Territorial
Legislature could not be made to apply to the case.
Mr. Burr then asked him if he understood him to
say that he would be guided by the law’s of the Ter
ritory in preference to the laws of the United States.
Before any reply could be made, an attorney named
Ferguson, jumped up and commenced a most foul
and abusive attack upon Mr. Burr, exhausting the
stock of even Mormon billingsgate in his malignant
tirade.
He then turned to the Judge, and told him that if
he dared to decide against their laws he could sit on
that Bench no longer, and that the court-room would
be cleared “d—d quick !” The District Attorney
followed in a violent harangue, in w’hich he accused
Mr. Burr of trying to set aside the Mormon laws,
and said that the Mormons had submitted to Gen
tile interference long enough, that they were now
to have their own way, and had good autho
rity for what they did, as well as safe backers. The
room was tilled at the time with armed ruffians, who
constituted the “backers” alluded to. As soon as
Mr. Burr and Mr. T. S. Wiliams got up to reply,
the Territorial Marshal ordered them peremptorily
to stop; and immediately the whola audience
sprang to their feet, and the Danite murderers, who
tilled the Court, threw off their coats, brandished
their knives and revolvers, aud created so great
confusion that the Judge was obliged to adjourn the
Court at once.
The next msrning, which was Saturday, the Court
opened amid intense excitement. The whole Mor
mon populace W’ere armed, and had been inflamed
to such a degree by the incendiary speeches of Fer
guson, Stout and others that the least pretence
would have been availed of to massacre every Gen
tile in the place. The names of Messrs. Burr and
Williams were stricken from the list of attorneys,
and the Court immediately adjourned sine die. Thus
closed the last term of the United States Court that
can ever be held in the Territory until the Govern
ment establishes its supremacy by a vigorous exer
tion of physical force. What a disgraceful specta
cle is here presented to the world ! A Judge, bear
ing the sacred ermine, laid upon his shoulders by the
Government of the Un.tod States, in well-founded
fear for his life, is compelled to yield to the will of a
frenzied and blood-thirsty rabble , a United States
Court is dissolved and dispersed by a mob of armed
desperadoes; an immense territory is left defence
leas, lawless, and subject to the caprices of a cruel
and vindictive tyrant ; and American citizens, in
the very heart ol their ow’n country, are left as en
tirely unprotected as though in the power of savage
tribes, and in hourly danger of being massacred.
There can be no doubt that Ferguson, Stout, and
their Danite bullies, were prompted to the conduct
thus related by Brigham Yeung—for when Judge
Stiles went to the Tatter as Governor, and asked
him if he would sustain him in the execution of his
duties and the enforcement of the laws, be replied
that he would not interfere, and would “hold the
boys back no longer,” but w’as going to let them
have their own way, for the Court had given him
too much trouble a'readv. Sulien threats of bloody
vengeance against the United States Surveyor
General and the Indian Agents, (Messrs. Burr and
Hart) are heard all over the city. In one ofthe
Ward meetings last night it was proposed by the no
torious Ferguson to seize the former and ride him
on a rail, until he should be permanently maimed in
a painful and humiliating manner. Tho fiendish
proposition was acceded to w ith a prolonged and
universal “Amen I” But this letter is already so
long that I must defer other interesting facts for
another chapter. Utah.
Crime in New Orleans.—lt may not prove un
interesting to our readers to leam the following
facts, which we yesterday took the trouble to glean
from the books of the Coroner, furnishing a report
of the murders and suicides, which have occurred
in this city during the period of some fifteen months,
commencing the date of wnicb Coroner Oliver en
tered upon the discharge of the duties of hie office,
February Bth, 1856. and ending May 12, 1857. We
find that during that time seventy murders have
been committed; fifteen infanticides , twenty six
suicides; and one hundred deaths have been caused
by intemperance. This is rather an appaliing state
ment inaeed, and should cause our philanthropic
citizens to pause and consider whither we are
tending, and to endeavor to devise some means to
ameliorate the condition of their fellow inan,and
put a stop to crime. One hundred persons are put
down as having died from intemperance alone: Dot
theD were not four fifths of the murders, the suicides,
and even of the infanticides, the result of the seme
cause ? What is it but the subtle spirit of wine,
infiued in the blood of man and woman, that turn*
them into fiends—sinks the finer nature with which
the Almighty endowed them, when He clothed them
in His own image and breathed His own Divine at
tributes into their being—and causes them to com
mit acta, at which in their sober senses they would
turn from in abhorrence ; but the infernal portions
with which their brains are crazed, when the crimes
which disgrace the world are committed. We know
not how other cities may compare with us in a cri
minal lieht, but we are strongly impressed with the
belief that the above showing ia disgraceful to a
city with our population, of our enlightement, and
of our reputation for humanity and benevolent—
N. O. Times, Ydtk inst.
Heavy Slgar Speculation. —“It is an ill wind
that blows nobody any good.” The high price of
sugar has already yielded a fortune to those dealers
who were m a situation to take advantage of it. and 1
among them may be mentioned the house of E. D
Morgan 6c Co., and of Spofford and Tileston. The
latter firm, we are iuformed, sent an order for ten
thousand tons of Manilla sugar, a part of which has
already arrived. The outlay for this venture was
about $.*00,000, and the profits are expected to ex
ceed $250,000.—.Ye?r York Tost.
Right Rev. Dr. Gaulin, Bishop of Kingston, died
at St. Pbilomene, near Montreal, on the oth of May.
I Cotton m South-Western Georgia.— A friend
of cm's who has recently traveled extensively in the
Southern portion of this State, and in a part of Flo
i rida. says that from Jackson county, in the latter
State, through Miller, Early, Randolph and Stewart
counties iu-fjeorgia. the late cold Spring, with the
more recent frosts, have so chilled the roots of the
cotton plant, that while the top looks green and vigo
rous, the roots appear to be burnt, and at some Tit
tle distance below the surface they are, to all appear
ances, dead. There are no side-roots putting -tut,
either; which as the hot sun pours upon the plant
are necessary to sustain it from withering and dy
ing out. Our friend brought us several specimens
of the plants and roots, and states that one planter,
from this unusual appearance of the latter, had com
menced plowing up to replant again as fares his seed
would authorize him. Others, however, supposing
they had a good stand, were chopping out their cot
ton, which might, in his opiuinion. be profitably de
layed a fewdays, until the hot weather now on us
had determined the existence of much of the crop
that was now in the field, before “chopping com
menced/’ A portion he thought would die, and
should his suspicions prove correct, the sun will kill
a goodly portion of the • stand " that is left, and thus
add still farther to the deficiency of the coming crop
Columbus Enqiurer.
The English Navy. —The immense Navy of
Great Britain supplies her with an unfailing argu
ment in diplomacy, and saves her a deal of negotia
ting. Orders from London can blockade any port
in the world withinsix weeks: and as everybody has
diplomatic, relations with England, somebody is
always being blockaded by H. B. M. ships. The
eliiet real damage she indicted on Russia was by
her blockade of Odessa and Sevastopol, and of
Cronstadt and the Finnish ports. This year she be
gan, in January, with a blockade of Nanga-aki, to
promote friendly intercourse with Japan. In Feb
ruary-, she cultivated commerce wilh China, by
biockadiug Canton, llong Kong and Shanghae.
March found her blockading San Juan, and threat
ening to blockade Vera Cruz. April has released
Buenos Ayres from the blockade impending over it
for two years past, and May brings news of a licet
ordered to New Granada to blockade Cart hagena.—
Albany Journal.
Tornado in Mkriwethuk County.— We learn
from a private letter, received by a gentleman
in this city-, that on Friday last one of the severest
tornadoes that ever occurred in that section, passed
over a portion of Meriwether county, in this Slate,
blowing down timber and fences, and doing great
injury to crops. We regret to learn that upon the
premises of Mr. Peter Martin, residing some six
miles from Greenville, every house except the
dwelling was either unroofed or blown down, and
that a negro woman, who was lying sick in one of
the cabins, with her child, only three days old were
either killed by fragments of the falling roof, or by
the violence of the storm. We have not learned
the extent of the tornado, but as they are not
generally very wide, we hope it was not very
extended.— Columbus Sun.
Great Railway Frauds. —Three committees
of the Canadian Parliament are now in session in
Toronto, investigating the affairs of the new Cana
djan Railroads. In addilion to the regular railroad
Committee, there are two special Committees, one
upon the affairs of the Grand Trunk road, the other
upon those of the Woodstock and Lake Erie road.
The amount of corruption which lias been exposed
fully .justifies the exclamation of the Toronto Colo
nist, that there “is great need of a road to the peni
tentiary from the Parliament House, which is not
yet constructed.” Members of the Parliament, crown
officers, and even persons still higher in station, are
implicated. Bribes of almost inconceivable mag
nitude, in one instance exceeding $100,(Hill, are
, sworn to have been offered in connection with the
construction of the Woodstock and Erie road. Tes
timony is also given to the fact that the grossed per
juries were committed by its officers, in order to in
duee municipalities to grant loans for its construc
tion.
Swindle and Forgery on a Large Scale.—
Not a little excitement exists in the business circles
of Stoiieham, Mass., growing out of the recent fail
ure and sudden disappearance of Mr. Amos Ilow
ard, a shoe manufacturer, and the subsequent die
covery of forged paper to the amount of $3,00(1. Mr.
Howard has been for some years a leading member
of the Orthodox church, has contributed largely to
its support, aud has held the responsible position of
Treasurer of the Society. So far had he won the
confidence of the members, that no sureties for his
bond were required of him. He has carried on the
shoe business, in connection witl. a country store,
successfully until March last, when he suspended
payment An examination of his affairs disclosed
liabilities to the amount of $30,(100, while he had as
sets worth not more than $10,(100. About ten days
since Howard suddenly disappeared from town,
leaving an amiable wife and several interesting
children, besides other interested parties: i. e., his
creditors, in profound ignorance of his whereabouts.
Since his disappsarance a number of notes have
fallen due, aud been presented for payment, the
signatures of which proved to be forgeries.
Health of WashintgonT— The official health
report published yesterday shows a result, we
venture to say, without a parallel, and justifies us
in sitting down Washington as the healthiest city in
the world. In a-population of 51,687, according to
the census of 1850, now probably fifty five thousand
there were but forty-seven death in the month cf
April—less than one to a thousand ; and of those
one was over eighty years, and eight from sixty to
eighty years, cases in which nature had worn itself
oat, and thirteen were children not exceeding five
years. There was not a single case which can be
ascribed to the insalubrity of the atmosphere.— Nal
Intel
Death’s Doings. —The whole community pro
foundly sympathizes with the family of our friend
and fellow citizen, Col. Pulaski Holt, on account of
the afflictive bereavement which has just befallen
them. On Monday, the Uth, Miss Julia A. Holt,
an only daughter was buried. On yesterday, a son,
Peyton C. Holt, aged —, was consigned to the
tomb. And to-day another son, Grimes Holt, who
died yesterday noon is to be buried. And we. also
learn that Mrs. H. is now lying very ill 1 T-uly
this is a sad record of death’s doings in one family,
within ten days! — Macon. Citizen , HDth inst.
The Peabody Institute. —We are now enabled
to state difinitely that that the committee to whom
was assigned the duty of selecting a site for the
Peabody Institute, have fixed upon thelotin Mount
Vernon Square, South-east corner of Washington
and Mount Vernon Places, fronting the Monument.
This lot has a front of 85 feet on Mount Vernon, and
120 feet on Washington Place, running back to an
alley. Added thereto are the adjoining lots of Mr.
Pennington, and Mr. May, of the same depth, joint
ly giving afront on Mount Vernon Place of 145 feet,
which the proprietors have consented to sell. The
entire cost will be in the vicinity of SIOO,OOO a high
er price than the Committee felt at liberty to ex
pend for a site, until they conferred with Mr. Pea
body, who, being so much pleased with this location
beyond others spoken of, that he at once proposed
to add $50,000 to the original bequest of $300,000, in
order to have the noble structure erected on this
commanding, eligible and beautiful site. A com
mittee has been oppointed to negotiate for the pur
chase, which will probably be made in a few days.
Halt. Patriot.
A Letter From Mr. Dallas. —An interesting
communication from the pen of Mr. Dallas, the
American Minister in London, addressed to Lord
Clarendon, has been published. It refers to a very
humble, but at the same time, a most heroic service
rendered by a body of Margate boatmen to an Ame
rican vessel called the Northern Belle, which was
wrecked off Kingsgate in the early part of the pres
ent year, during a terrific storm. The boatmen, by
nobly hazarding their own lives, rescued the crow
from impending death, and the American Govern
ment commissioned Mr. 1 (alias to present each man
with a silver medal as a recognition of his services,
and a sum of money varying from £lO to £3O, ac
cording to the character of each individual case.—
The manner in which Mr. Dallas announced this act
of our Government to the Secretary is characteristic
of that power and facility of expression for which
his speeches and despatches are so remarkable.— j
Ball. Amer.
American Sunday School Union. —The thirty
third anniversary of the American Sunday School 1
Union was Held Tuesday evening in Philadelphia I
The room was filled with the friends of this institu
tion, and interesting addresses were delivered by
Rev. W. T. Brantley, D. D; Rev. John Jenkins and ]
others. The ceremonies were interspersed with the
singing of hymns. It appears from the annua! re
port that missionaries have been sent into 26 Stal es i
and Territories, who have established over l,8l)0new
schools, having about 80,000 children and 13,000 ,
teachers. They visited and supplied with books, i
3,000 Sunday schools, containing over 100,000 chil- ,
dren. During the last six years more than 12,000 ,
new Sunday schools, containing 78,000 teachers and ,
500,000 children, have been organized. The publish- ,
ing department has distributed during the year
books, &c., to the amount of $ 177,563. The receipts ,
in the missionary department have amounted to i
$81,094.67. This department is entirely distinct from
the publishing department. The society now pub i
lish a complete library for Sunday schools, contain
ing 841 volumes ; also, the Sunday School Journal i
and Youth's Penny Gaz tte.
A Funny Mistake. — A (Juarker at a Niffffer \
Show. — At Buffaso, N. Y., on Tuesday evening,
Hon. Henry Wilson, U. S. Senator from Massaehu ,
setts, was announced to lee*ure at American Hall
(by mistake) instead of Kremlin Hall, before the j
anti slavery pople. Christy's Minstrels were perfor- ,
ming at American Hall, and their popularity and
that of Mr. Wilson combined to pack the house; ,
The Republic says the mistake was not discovered
until the “opening choms,” when many prominent
lecture goers found in the place of an elaborate
lecture on “Labor,” that they were attending a
“negro performance.” Their misfortune did not ‘
end here, for the hall was so crowded it was ‘
impossible to recede. One old Quarker, who with 1
his broadbrim sauntered slowly in aud deliberately '
took a prominent seat, appeared to be terrible *
scandalized when he first discovered the awful
mistake he had made ; but he had no time to r -pent
of it, for before he could make an effort to depart '
the broad brim was quivering aud bis sides shaking ’
like an agitaced plate of jelly, at the burlesques and J
witticisms he was witnessing.
Bad Cotton prospects in Alabama. —Another j
planter writing from Perry county, in the same 1
State, 7th M3y. says that the iarmers along the river 1
in that county are suffering very much from hum 1
elation, aud that it will be several days before they 1
can commence replanting, for the second time, 1
which they will Lav etodo as soon as the water will >
aliow. The writer says, “I have never seen so
gloomy a prospect for a crop.”
A third frem Chunnenuggee, (Macon county,) 9th ,
May, says the cot'ou has a sickly appearance, and ,
owing to recent heavy rains, the corn on the hlaek
prairies is turning led. Most of our people have j
been compelled, before getting a stand, to plaDt <
eotton twice and com three times.” —Columbus <
Enquirer.
Murder or an Overseer by Negroes. —We 1
have just heard that the overseer on the Dougherty '
plantation of Wm. S. Holt, Esq , of Bibb county was
brutally killed last week, bv two or three of Mr.
Holt’s negroes. It is stated that the overseer was '
about to chastise one cf the negroes for misconduct I
when he broke away and ian for an adjacent swamp! ■
The overseer took two other negroes and started m :
pursuit, bat it seems that the latter joined in the '
murder when they overtook the runaway The
body of the overseer was buried with his gun in the '
swamp, and subsequently found with his bowels
ripped open. The negroes have confessed to the ,
murder. Mr. Holt has gone down to the plantation .
and will give further particula son his re'urn
Macon Citizen.
Oldest Steamer in the World.— The luggage
Steamer Industry, belong to the Clyde Shipping
Company, and the oldest steamer allot/, has just re
ceived an overhaul of bull and machinery, and has
beferi fitted with a lowering funnel to allow her to
go above the Glasgow bridges to load. The Indus
try wa« built of wood, by Mr. Fye, of Fairlie, in
1814, and had her find engine put on board by Mr.
Duncon McArthur, engineer, Glasgow. The won
derful old craft does duty as a tug, aud notwith
standing her small power and Dutch style of build,
performs it extremely well. The Comet of Henry
Bell, the first steamer built in this country, was only
two years older than the Industry.— Greenock Ad
vertiser.
Firearms in Ireland. —Tha following is from
the late Assizes of Tipperary :
“Patrick Ryan, a young man of respectable ap
pearance, indicted for unlawfully having in his
possession, in a proclaimed district, a pistol, was |
found guilty and sentenced to be imprisoned for
twelve months.”
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXL NO. >1
Lit (or from Mexico—Tlie Souorn Kilibnnter*
Shot.
A vessel arrived at New Orleans on the evening
of the 16th inst., bringing Vera Cruz advices to the
9th inst. The Picayune says :
Owing to the lateness of the hour, we were una
ble last evening to get hold of our regular mail.—
Vera Cruz papers, furnished by Capt. Arnet, make
no further mention of the filibuster rout iu Sonora.
We learn, however, from passengers that the pri
soners taken at Caborca, on the 6th inst., sixty five
iu number, and among them Capt. Crabb, had all
been shot, and.that the Government was on the
look-out for other parties of the filibuster band.—
These facts were obtained lrom official accouuts re
ceived at the capital, ou the sth inst., which we
shall doubtless be able to lay bes. re our readers in
our uext, as also the names of the unfortunate men.
The difficulty with the British Government, grow
ing out of the celebrated Barron question, ap
proached its final determination. According to an
agreement between the Foreign Department and
the British Minister, it was to be submitted to the
arbitration of the Supreme Court, before which
Senior ElgUero, an eminent lawyer, would act iu
behalf of the English Legation ; the accused would
plead his own cause—not his own in reality, says
the Siglo, but that of the Republic.
The Vera Cruz papers at hand make no further
mention of the difficulty with Spain, other than to
republish accounts already before our readers. The
l’rogresso, however, quotes a statement of the He
raldo that Gen. Almonte, the Mexican Minister to
England, accompanied Gen. Latragua to Paris,
where he had a private interview with the Emperor
Napoleon. The Emperor manifested a lively inter
est in the welfare of the Republic, offered his per
sonal mediation bptween the two countries, and ex
pressed the hope that they would come to some
amicable arrangement.
The struggle between the civil and ecclesiastical
powers, which at one time threatened all the Re
public had gained, seems for the moment suspend
ed, it not closed forever. This happy result is at
tributed not only to the linn stand of the existing
government, but to its faithful and energetic sup
port by a large portion of the clergy themselves.—
The reactionary party evidently no longer indulge
the hope of regaining power by force of arms, ami
acquiescing in the new *order of things which, the
Constituent Assembly have inaugurated, are wisely
preferring to appeal to the ballot box.
Additional trow Mexico.
Our usual Mexican mail, by the Major Barbour,
came to hand this morning. Our tiles from thfe
capital are to the morning of the sth inst.—four days
later.
We are still, however, without positive intelli
gence as to the fate of the unfortunate prisoners in
Sonora. Indeed, if the news brought by the passen
gers of the Major Barbour only reached the city of
Mexico on the sth, our files, which are only to the
morning of that day, could make no mention of it.
So we are still permitted to hope for the best, though
we confess to fears of the worst. 1* will be seen
here that our Havana correspondent learns, by the
English steamer, that the prisoners were all to be
taken to the capital ter trial. If this be true, it is
possible their lives may still be saved.
The papers, however, confirm to the fullest ex
tent, the general result of the expedition us before
stated, the attack upon the filibusters then in pos
session of the village of Caborca, on the Ist ult,, in
which Capt. Crabb was wounded, and eight of nis
men killed ; their subsequent four days’ siege, dur
ing which the Sonorians were numerously rein
forced ; the second attack, on the 6th, when the two
houses in which Crabb was besieged, were tired,
exploding two barrels of powder by which many
were killed and wounded ; their final surrender, 59
in number, at discretion ; and the report that they
were to be shot on the 9tli.
The engagement both on the Island the fith were
severe and bloody, the Sonorians also sufferiig great
loss, especially of officers, which left them at the
close ot the first day a’most without command.
Accounts vary both as to the number of the
filibusters and of the Sonorians. According to one
report, the former numbered 150 men iu all, which
deducting the 59 prisoners and 14 fugitives, would
make the number ot the dent 70. Theu was a party
of 25 iu the vicinity near Tubutana, who auvanc ng
at the time I.ad no part in the engagement. It is
stated that 11 of those were taken, aud at the last
accounts the remaining I I were hotly pursued.
The force of the Sonorians on the Ist is estimated
at 250 to 300 men ;on the last day with reinforce
ments at 700.
Touching the expedition by sea, designed to
cooperate with that by land, letters have been
received at the capital from Hermosillo, dated
March 30, which stated that five hundred filibusters
had landed at Lobos, two leagues from Guaymas.
It was added that great disaffection existed among
them and that twenty had deserted, and presented
themselves to the American Consul at. that port,
who Turned them over to the authorities. They
represented that they had no intention of making
war upon Mexico, and that they had beeu deceive*!
as to the object ol the expedition.
The same letters state that five hundred more
filibusters had made their wav into Arizone, and
were encamped in the region of Tueson.
Letters had been received from Gen. Yanez,
which state that on the receipt of the news of the
rout of the filibusters, he Ibad suspended his inarch
towards Sonora* He had however, sent on reinforce
ments munitions of war by sea.
The parties concerned in the conspiracy against
the life of the President have been put upon their
trial. The plot was to seize his person at night at
the palace, a work to be performed by Nogueira,
captain of the guard, who was, indeed, the head ot
t conspiracy. He is said to have made important
revelations, and to have confessed the authorship
of the letter, whose accidental discovery brought t«>
light the whole plot. He was one of the most inti
mate friends of the President; and enjoyed a seat at
his table. The greater part of the other conspira
tors have been committed to prison. Gaelics, the
first arrested, has been put iu the most rigo ou
confinement.
Gen. Ghilardi, who is an Italian by birth, has re
signed liia commission and returned to Europe.—
Don Guerra has been arrested at Puebla for having
concealed in his house 15 muskets, and a white Hag.
with a red cross in the centre.
Sonora Montea, Atrioja and Payno have recently
been appointed Ministers to Rome, Berlin and
Brussels. They were to have departed for their
postson the 2d.
A revolutionary movement had been discovered
and suppressed in the State of Jalisco.
A pamphlet has made its appearance at the capi
tol, where it has attracted much attention, on the
much discussed rights of the church. The suppres
sion of several religious orders is rumored,
The latest Mexican journals do not anticipate
actual hostilities with Spain.— N. O. Picayune, 16/A
instant.
Hostilities not Suspended. —The latest intel
ligence from the seat, of war brings the gratifying
assurance that hostilities against the Seminoles have
not only not been suspended, but that no orders for
a suspension have as yet emanated from any quar
ter. Col. Loomis, in General Orders, says—“ In
assuming command, the Colonel relies conildently
on the active support and co-operation of all under
his command, in the continuation of active opera
tions.”
Col. Loomis’ orders are as follows :
Head Quarters, Department of Fla. >
Fort Brooke, April 27, 1857. )
Bv’t Brigadier General W. S. Harney, having re
linguished command, Colonel Gustavus Loomis as
sumes command of the Department of Florida.
All orders and instructions heretofore issued will
remain in force until countermanded.
In assuming coinmaud the Colonel relies conti
dently on tire active support and co operation of all
under his command, in the continuation of active
operations.
In addition to the officers of the staff now on duty,
all of whom will retain their positions, Ist Lieutenant
William 11. Lewis, Adjutant sth Infantry, is an
nounced as Acting Assistant Adjutant General.
By order of Col. Loomis.
Francis Asst. Adj’t Gen’l.
With regard to Gen.TTarney’s successor and the
suspension of hostilities, the Peninsular of the 2d
inst. remarks :
“ Col. Loomis, who succeeds in command, is an
elderly gentleman, of much military tact, who en
joys the greatest confidence of those who know him
beat. We cannot refrain from congratulating him
on assuming command at such an auspicious time.
That the war will be conducted vigorously we have
not a doubt, unless, indeed, the plan of operations
be changed by higher authority.
An Indignant Filibuster.— Win. M. Brantly,
lately an officer of Gen. Walker’s Nicaraguan army,
writes from Selma (Ala.) to the New-Orleans Delta
as follows ;
“ Lickridge and Titus arc two of the most mise
rable humbugs that accident ever placed into posi
tion. Conceited, selfish, vain, thev know no more
of war as a science than they do of Sanscrit. It is a
sad retlection that so much has been expended to no
purpose towards opening the San Juan river. A
competent leader could have effected it at one time
with the greatest ease. But, as it is, time, money,
ammunition, blood and life have been thrown away
to no purpose. I commanded a company from
Alabama in that unfortunate expedition, was in the
second battalion, and am intimately acquainted
with the cause of failure, which was, I aver, to be
the utter incoinpetency of Lock ridge and Titus. I
shall not attempt an analysis of the campaign ; that
has become stale news ; but to any one who has
read with attention the transactions on that river
from the first of January up to the time of the aban
dormicnt, my opinion will be truth. So the liberal and
patriotic gentlemen of your city, who contributed so
Freely to equip that expedition, can know where
the responsibility rests of having trified away their
generous efforts and contributions towards aiding
the noble Walker and the cause of American pro
gress in Central America.”
Letter from China—A Word about the
Highflyer. —Dr. Miner, of this city, is in receipt
of a le'ter from his son-in-law, Capt. J. L. Barrows,
of the ship Couquerer, hence from Callao, October
16th, from which we are permitted to make the fol
lowing extracts. The letter is dated
Hong Kong, China, March 15, 1857.
There is a report here that the hall burnt remains
of Capt. Waterman’s ship, the Highflyer, are lying
ashore on the South end of the Island of Formosa
It may not be the Highflyer, as another ship was
lost at about the same time. Bat my opinion ia
t hat it is Waterman’s ship. There is reason to be
lieve that some of the unfortunate people who be
longed to her, are still alive, and slaves to the For
mosians, up the country. At all events, a war
steamer of the American squadron should be sent
at once to that point, and thoroughly investigate the
matter. It is but two days’ sail from here.—Hart
ford Times.
Mormons. —A company of Morins, who formerly
resided near Centrevfile, Del., arrived in lowa city
on the sth or 6th inst., en route for Salt Lake City.
An old man, named Titus Mousley, of Wilmington,
was observed in their company. His family w ro
farther represented by several more of his name —-
Old Titus had accuumulated some property, which
fie sold, sending a portion of the funds to Brigham
\oung. An old woman, 80 or 00 years old, also
formed one of the party, and was on her way to
Utah to try her luck.
Crops in Southwestern Georgia. —A letter
from early county, dated May 11th. speaking of the
prospects of the crop in that section of the State,
says : “ Our crops are miserab.e. The cotton crop
is a decided failure up to this time, and continues
dying since the rain. I never saw a more dreary
proepect. Many are ploughing up and planting
over.”— Sat. Rep.
The Oldest Inhabitant. —There is an older
citiz n than Peter Nassau, of Po mfret, Vt , in Wis
consin. He is called “Old Crete/' and was born in
Montreal 130 years ago His memory is distinct lor
a period of Us year*. lie « married at New Or
leans a century atjn, and new resides with one oflits
grand children, who is upwards of sixty year,) old.
He is still haleaud hearty, and does not appear to
be over 70. So says the Madison (Wis.) Argus.
A gentleman writing to the American Agricul
turalist states that he thoroughly cured a tine young
mare, afflicted with the heaves, by feeding her on
cornstalks, and that the disease never returned.
The writer quotes Judge Buel’s opinion as to corn
stalks being a remedy, that distinguished agricul
turalist having had a horse afflicted with that dis
order, which disappeared after being so fed.
Sale of a Railroad. —The Buffalo, Corning and
New York Railroad, extending from Batavia, where
it connects with the Central, to Corning, a distance
of 100 miles, was sold at Coming, on the 14th inst.,
to the first stockholders for SBOO,OOO. The sale of
the rolling stock was commenced on Friday, and
concluded this morning, realizing about $75,000. —
The Company will again be free fiom debt, and the
road will be under better auspices Rochester Dem
ocrat t Monday.
Extent noil licNoiircc. of lliissii].
The Report on the Commercial Relations of the
l ulled States ,vith Foreign Powers furnishes the
following informalion of the immense anil varied
resources of the Russian Empire. It will be seen
’hat in agriculture, notwithstanding the severity of
the climate, there is a very large production of the
stapes entering into the consumption of the masses,
whilst in some articles of manufacture Russia is
almost, Without a rival. It wiit be noticed, too, that
in her foreign trade the balance is in her favor,
indicating the observance of a sound commercial
policy :
Tile aiea over which Russia, holds doiniui' n is es
timated in English square miles at 2,022,478 in Bn
rope, and 5,261,1)75 iy Asia and America,’making a
grand total of 7,283,553. The population of the Em
pire in Europe in IS. >2 was estimated at 63,013.118,
anil in the extra-European possessions at 6,618,000,
forming a grand aggregate of 611,660,1 hi.
The produi ;s of Km-ia vary with the difference
of soli and climate. Cereals of every kind are rais
ed in great abundance ; but rye, being the common
food of the peasantry, is produced in much greater
quantities than any other sort of grain. The total
animal production of grains in European Russia
(including Poland) may be estimated in ordinary
years at 1,16.7,000,000 bushels, at a value of about
$720,116,665. Flax and hemp ale also extensively
cultivated, and constitute a leading export of Russia
Tobacco is cultivated in the southern provinces, and
of late years much attention has been given to the
cultivation of beet root. In 1848 the quantity of
sugar manufactured from this article was estimated
at 112,210,000 pounds Tall w and wool are also
important articles in the export trade of Russia, the
annual exports of the latter amounting to about
18,000,000 pounds. The climate of Russia is not,
however, well adapted to the production of fine
wool i aud, although much attention has been given
to the improvement of the breed of sheep. Russia
cannot enter into competition with Australia in sup
plying foreign markets with this article.
The manufactures of Russia are not generally in
a very advanced condition. 11l some departments
of manufacturing i dustry, however, this country
excels all others. Every attempt to imitate her
leather, especially such as is used for book binding
purposes, has proved a lailurc ; and Russia still con
tinues to enjoy, ns she doubtless ever will, an un
disputed monopoly in supplying foreign markets
with this valuubfe production. Her glass manu
factures are also highly esteemed; single plates
have been manufactured at the St. Petersburg
glass works which have readily sol 1 for $8,600. —
tier oilier manufactures m e sail cloth, cordage, and
canvass, tick, felt, mats, potashes, soap, candles,
caviar, isinglass, spirits, arm some minor articles for
domestic consumption.
Tue cotton manufactures of Russia have made
rapid progress during the p.a.-t I a euty years, and,
instead of the vast quantities of cotton yarns for
merly imported, stic now imports largely of the raw
material. In 1832 the quantity of raw cotton ini
ported was 116,000 poods, (4,176,000 lbs.,) in 1852
it ascended to 1,748,000 poods, ‘(62,028,000 lbs.,)
ot which she received from the United States lib
475,168 lbs.
The total manufactures of Russia employ 6.064,-
700 persons, of which number 4,500,000 are enga
ged m the manufacture of tlax and hemp. The to
tal annual value of Russian manufactures is esti
mated at 481>,000,000 silver roubles, ($364,500,000 )
Moscow i the grand centre of this branch of indue
trial pursuits, and is inhabited exclusively by inumi
fact urea and am a. as.
The com uercia. ; elalii.ns of the United States
with Russia aru regulated by the treaty of October
6, 1833. Its stipulations provide for entire rocipro
city and perfect eninmenial equality between (lie
two countries. It has b. „ obseived in good faith
by both Governments, aud its provisions and spirit
fanhlully adhered to.
According to McCuU-ch, in a work published in
1801, none but native Russians are allowed to en
gage in the internal trade ot the country - ami hence
a foreigner who imports goods into Russia must sell
them to Russians only, mid at the port where Ihev
arrive. The merchants engaged in the foreign
trade are mostly foreigners, of whom tho English
ure the principal. Every ltussian c nlying.>n trade
must be a burgher, mid have his name registered in
-he burgher’s books. These burghers are divided
into three guilds. Foreign merchants or guests are
permitted to enrol their mimes in the city register
eu the payment of from $1)00 to SOSO per annum.—
The number of merchants of three guilds engaged
in commerce in 1846 was 40,101, wuosc declared
capital amounted to $86,640,0(10; while the number
of foreign merchants was but 34, employing a cani
td of $382,000. -t/a l
The effect of the war (formally declared March
31,1851.) on the direct trade between the United
•States and Russia is shown by the fact that while in
1853 the total value of domestic produce exported
trom the former to the latter country, amounted to
$2,313,175, in 1854 il reached hut $385,521, and in
1855 it was reduced to t lie incousideraldo sum of
$18,040. Cotton absorbed $18,647 of this last sum .
and, besides the domestic produce exported to Rus
sia ill 1855, there was also expiated foreign produce
to tlio amount of $20,414. In 1854 the exports
from the United B’ate- consisted principally ot two
articles—rice, $21,723 in value; and cotton, $3Ol,
203. In 1853 we sent: Spermaceti oil, $7,160; Imn
her $1,485; dye-stuffs, $6,018; hams and bacon,
$441, ship bread, $3,268; rice, $5,561; cotton, $2,
254,345; tobacco lent, $14,100; tobacco manufac
tured, $1,164 ; sundries SIB,OO1 —total $2,313,165.
Tho foreign trade of Russia, though interrupted
inita usual course,jn 1854, by the war, yet exhibi
ted considerable importance, the total exporla
amounting to $ 19,003,202, and total imports $52,768,-
050. The export of coin (gold and silver) during
I lie same year, in the early part of which the ex
portation of gold was prohibited, amounted to SO,
.178,372, while the import of the mine from abroad
wa555,726,014. The commerce of the country in
1852isthu8statc.il: T -tal exports, $85,855 372
total imports, $84,647,039; balance in favor of
Russia, $1,207,333.
The public debt of Russia in 1853, as given in
the “Almanac de Gotha, 1855,'' was 788,578,112
silver roubles, ($501,420,834), This sum includes
$271,500,000 of paper money m circulation, of which
$88,250,000 bears in crest.
It has already been remarked that the munufac
ture of cotton in the Russian Empire is progressing
with extraordinary activity. The number of spin
dles in Russia exceeds 3a0,0U0, producing annually
upwards of 10,800,0011 pounds ot cotton yarns. The
manufacture of co.ton velvets especially is becom
ing highly important to the direct trade between the
United States and Russia, the raw material being
almost exclusively supplied, either in the direct or
indirect trade, by tliu former country. Formerly
cotton velvets were supplied to the Chinese ex
clusively by the tlritish. The Chinese now prefer,
the Russian manufacture ; hence it lias become a
leading staple ot barter at the Russio-froulicr
marketh of China.
What England PaysAnnuai.lv for her Ame
rican Provinces.- The cost to Great Britain of
maintaining a foothold upon the American continent,
is so enormous that, were we able to state the precise
amount annually expended, many of our leaders,
we doubt not, would regard the sum as fabulous!
From acopyof the li. t. just published, it appears the
following regiments of me line are, at Hr* present,
time, quartered am, r:g her different Battlements in
North America; theffth, K'th, 17th, 2Ctli, 39th, 62d
63d, 67ib, GUth and 76th. To these regiments ol the
regular army, must be added the following local
corps : the Canadian rifles, tin* Newfoundland regi
ment, and the Ist, 2d and 3d West India regiments;
making in all sixteen regiments, of an average of
1,000 men each—a force nearly equal to the entire
army of the United States. What amount of ex
pense is anuually incurred by Great Britain, in sup
porting th'n large military force upon this continent,
we do not pretend to say; it cannot, however, fall
below the sum of $5,000,000. This id but one item .
a naval force is in addition maintained, four times
larger than is required for the mere protection of her
commerce. The coat of this branch of defence will not
be lees than that of tlie other. Between the two, the
sum will rather exceed than fall below $10,000,000.
To this sum must be added tne expense incurred in
the maintenance of all the other public etabliahinenta
—ordnance department, naval depots, dock-yards—
and the administration of civil government in some
twenty different colonies. Bach colony has its
Governor or Lieutenant Governor, appointed by the
Crown and supported by the national treasury, and
each (Jovernor has his staff of assist ant officials. To
meet these expenses, no revenue is derived from
the provinces. The total number of inhabitants in
all the British colonies on this Continent does not ex
cecd four millions, one fourth of whom are negroes.
Were England to part with every inch of territory
she occupies on the North American Continent, her
treasury would be greatly enriched, and her strength
and prosperity as a nation increased; yet—strange
infatuation—she is not only unwilling to relinquish
what she already holds, but is constant! plotting for
the acquisition of more. —(Chicago Tunis.
The Rage for Land Speculation. —A lofttci in
the last Dubuque Herald, written from Osage land
office, lowa, says that there are about two thousand
persons in attendance on the land sales, and that
great competition exists between speculator and
the settlers. This competition had been carried to
bidding $lO per acre for the wild land. The settlers
had held a meeting, and organized themselves into
a club numbering seven hundred, and had deter
mined that every settlers should have the privilege
of bidding off a quarter section ot land, in addition
to one quarter covered by preemption, at govern
ment price. Attempts were made to settle all difli
culties on this basis, by the settlers furnishing names
of persons who were bidders, but this had not been
done up lo the time our informant left. As a conse
quence, very few tracts of land were sold.
British and American Enterprise in South
America. —About seven years ago an attempt was
made by a British company to open the river Mag
dalena, in New Granada, to Htcam navigation, in
the prosecution of which three steamer weres ein
ployed ; but the affair was not judiciously conduct
ed, and it did not succeed. Another attempt, made
four years afterwards, also failed ; the vessels were
not adapted to the water. Since then, the company
has been fused with an American company, and
two new boats are building at New York and Wil
mington, Delaware, which are very shallow, and
well calculated lor the business. These are to be
added to those now employed, making nine in all,
though part of them are of too great draught of water
to be of proper service. A great deal or money has
been expended in the enterprise.
Chinese Sugar Cane. —At the annual meeting
of the Boston Natural History Society, on the 6th,
Dr. A. A. Hayes read a paper on the Chinese sugar
cane, in which he concludes that the sorghum culti
vated in this country does not secrete cane sugar,
or true sugar, its saccharine matter being purely
glucose in a semi fluid form. For s wee tiling prop
ci ties nearly tour pounds of this glucose would be
required to equal one of true sugar ; but as raw nia
terial fortlie production of spirit, and as an addition
to the forage crop, the plant may be found to have
a high economical importance. Prof. John Bacon
confirmed the results at which Dr. Hayes had ar
rived. He was unable to obtain any crystals of su
gar cane in the sorghum.
Smai l-Pox.— 'This distressing malady still exists
in our -ity. Mr. Sion B. Pritchard, of whose afflic
tion we made mention week, died on Sunday
evening the 17th inst. At the time the notice in our
last week’s issue was penned, the opinion prevailed
that this disease was only vanolonl. Subsequently
it assumed the most malignant lorm ot Small Pox,
and terminated fatally, at the time above ra< ntion
ed His two daughters are still confined with the
disease, but of a milder form, and the probabilities
are that, they will recover. No more cases have
occurred within the last week.— Griffin Empire
Slate.
A case of seme interest to travellers was decided
lately in New Hampshire, by the Supreme Court
of that State. James Milliard, a passenger ou the
Grand Trunk railroad from Portland, Maine, to
Island Pond, New Hampshire, refused to pay the
extra price demanded from passengers who do not
procure tickets, and Thum ts <). Goold, the conduc
tor, put him off the cars. Suit Mas brought against
Goold, and a verdict rendered, but upon a new
trial and appeal to the Supreme Court the resuP
was in favor of the deiendaut. This failure to comply
with railroad regulations has cost Hilliard some buu
dreds of dollars.
Vegetables from Bermuda.—The Hamilton
Bermudian of the 6th inst., contains a list of ship
ments from that port, showing that the exports this
spring already amount to 153,450 bbls. onions; 3,-
8?>8 bbls. potatoes, and 3,050 boxes of tomatoes. Six
vessels cleared for New York duiing the ueriod men
tioned. taking in the aggregate 2,“59 bbls. potatoes,
*» ;ioy boxes of tomatoes, and 450 bbls. onions. These
productions of the soil have ripened this year seve
ral weeks earlier than usual, onions having been ex
ported on the 20th of April. The potato has yielded
very bountifully, and is almost wholly free from dis
ease.
Irresistable Temptation. —An elephant once
nearly killed an Irishman for an iusult offered to his
trunk. “The act was rash iu the extreme: but it
was impossible,” the Hibernian said, “to resist a
nose you could pull with both hands.”