Newspaper Page Text
(Ljjionuk & Sentinel.;
Forrespondence of the Journal of Comma re
A Vi.il in ihr Pyramid*. }
Grand Cairo, December!'- (
mr i dav in my life. I went «
gritted tlilong-cberiihed de- t
to tne t yrwuitw »*• * mvFt# . r iotus monument* of „
art “JrealT.e* *1 bey are »it anted on the west bank e
'T i* V about ewelv e miles from Cairo and
?. ,r «ix mU« apparently from the river itself, on r
J.l o-ofllif great desert. We left Cairoondon n
, f u V- a- the gun was rieii.tr. a pleasant cornea n
Tv' J sir g< nUemen, attended by a large numbei ,
I, vants. *<**%»£*£££ J
fluVmploy.oenreoiatby tL time we reached the ,
•irtftfori od of the Pyramid., we were surrounded ,
by a. Idtie army of ragamuffins, or more correctly, ,
by naked men with scarcely a rag to cover them.— ,
Our route b-i usuptireeabt bank of the Nile, a ,
mile dr two to Old Cairo. Here we crossed the ,
‘ I .J ry primitive I mate. immediately above
the bland oi Khoda, on which is built the Nilome- (
ler This too, is the spot which tradition declares
to be the one where M< ~es was exposed among tire ,
bulrushes. The island is covered with the richest ,
cultivwtdon, and, with ita orangegroves and acacias
air i beautiful gardens, might weu remind one of the
luxuries of that Eastern Court, when Pharaoh -
daughter, with her maids, walked by the river’s
side and saw the .ok among the flags, and looked
upon the weeping babe who was destined to to; the
world's lawgiver. The little village on the west
bank, where out boats Snaiiy landed us alter quite
a straggle with the rapid current, seemed to be a
grain market; large quantities of corn and wbnat .
Hing exposed mb.eopen l
tlbiard of luminary punishment, without Judge
- , f the heavens are not dark -
« nIM“A man’s property is in lees danger
to f'gvSt it b sakl, than hii ii& Winding our way
if f til, imd hovels and filthy crowds of this
Ara' vluage. we parsed out into a beautiful grove
■VfMlffl tree and were soon upon a causeway six
or eiSt feet’ in height and twelve or fifteen m
wkllli ’ Fi'-ldaol green wheat and rich Indian corn,
iIIIi-rsnem-d here and there with grovel of palm,
were extending as far as the eye could reach up
anil down the Nile, and far out was the desert ot
'and beyond which the everlasting mountains of
r.H-k were propping up the ,-ky. The field* of ver
dure appear the riclest in the world, partly doubt
less, from the contrast of illimitable sandy deserts
out more from the unequalled fertility of the fireah
black loam deposited by the overflowing of the
Nil,- The scene is enlivened, too, by innumerable
birds of every variety of gay plumage, starting up
from their resting places at your approach, not to
fly away from their foes, as with us, (for it is con
trary to a Mu-.-'ilmans religion to destroy these
beautiful ornameut* of creation,) but to circle round
your head an i welcome your coming. 1 likes,
canals, and reservoirs, into which the water is ad
mitted during the annua! overflows of the Nile, are
(ri every side, and from some of them the laborers
are letting out, the bright streams upon the lands.—
And now, after riding a full hour on a rapid trot,
you seem to be as tar as ever from the Pyramids.—
You are certain when you leave the banks of the
\iiu that tiiey are close at hand . but two hours
pose away, and still there they are, almost as dis-
Kuj* as at first.
At the close of the third hour from Cairo we
...I ~,l the edge of the desert, and in fifteen mm
uVs more I was standing in the shallow of the great
Pyramid of Cheops. The first impression was one
/ 1 lappeintmeni. It did not look as large and
' ‘ ,it cm! aH my imagination had pictured it. Jt
seemed indeed but a small object in the midst of the
boundless desert, and under the deep blue vault of
’aven Bui 1 soon found that its littleness grew
"... of those illimitable objects with winch 1 was
unwittingly comparing it. Several of our company
began to ascend its sides, climbing up over the
med,tv “tones with the aid of strong Arabs, accus
tinned to such work. To free myself from the an
uoyance of my own guide who was incessantly
gabbling of facts which I had no desire to know, I
feed him to ascend to the top. Away he sprang
with the lightness of a deer, passing from stone to
tone with the agility and suppleness ol a cat, nev
er icslii.g for a moment til! he stood upon the apex.
It was then when I saw his diminished form, and
(he apparent size of many of our company scatter
ed over the sides of the immense structure, and
looked upon a friend standing near the base, that I
1,.-can to comprehend something of its greatness. I
il ell walked around it, examining the huge blocks
wliieh lie in their places almost as firmly as the gran
ite in the old mountains, wading in the deep sand
fourteen hundred feel before 1 had passed one of its
•1 H | in( j j >( »t vv’i'en five and mix thousand feel by t lie
t’ime 'i had readied the point of departure. Take a
hundred New York churches of the ordinary width,
and arrange them in a hollow square twenty live on
s de S you would have scarcely the basemeni
of this Pyramid. Take another hundred and throw
in i|,.'ir material into the hollow square, and it would
. l t„. lull Pile on all tlie stone and brick oi Iml
narrow Diu-sagcs amt two comparatively small
" u, s One layer ot ..locks has been removed
O n the outor side and transported long since to
, ro for building |.un»* es.; and you are convinced
V, Il s and before it that it would supply the de
mand of a city of half a million of people lor acen
nrv if they were permitted freely to use it. It
'.'id rruike a thousand coliseums guch as old Borne
■Juried in and the ruins which constitute the grand
i' i„ the modern city. There is no work of
man to bo compared with it. in vastness, except it
ianother pyramid within a atone s t hrow of
' 'heoos and perhaps one or two of sixteen whioh
are towering in sublime majesty in this vicinity.
Itv ins time 1 had completed my examination of
the exterior most of my companions had returned
from the explorations ot the interim. I met them
at the entrance dripping with perspiration, but full
of wonder at the spectacle (m y bail seen. Com
mitting myself U. the guidance of the three Arabs
,I,l* torches in their hands, I began the descent
nto tlm tomb The entrance is on the stile, twenty
or thirty feet from the ground, and for a long dis
tnneoyou gradually descend through a dark lyns
Mire scarcely high enough to permit you to stiflH
«lii t the Hour and sides and ceiling being of Egyp
lian granite, and the payment smooth aud slippery
from the multitudes from all parts of the woi duhu
~\er it It would be scarcely possible to
make too descent had not foot-holes been cut in the
stones tor our aid. Having reached a depth cor
responding, apparently, with the rock on which the
immense inuss stands, you begin to ascend, the
•aim. narrow passage leading gradually up till you
.rone to a deep and narrow chasm sunk by the side
of the dark path. Here we rested for a few mo
menta to take breath. The ascent was now more
precipitous on u narrow path of stones cropping out
over a frightful« basin, the darkness of which was
just sufficiently illumined by our torches to add to
ils terrors one of the guides advancing before me
with my hand in his aud the other behind support
| slipped back upon the well worn stone.
A c to- Step would have been fatal, but the Arabs
were without four, and their naked feet clung to
the smooth rock as firmly as those of a fly to the
coiling When this point of peril was safely passed
they broke out into a wild song of triumph, partly
English and partly Arabic, the chorus of which war
“very tine gentleman! backsheesh, backsheesh!
“good' very good!" and the dark passages of the
old tomb echoed with the refrain. In a few mm
Utes more we had reached the granite chamber, and
I was standing by the venerable sarcophagus which
is supposed to have contained the body of the king
who exhausted the resources of Egypt in budding
ih fl mighty monument. The chamber ie. I think,
thirty ted by twenty, and ten or twelve feet high,
every part ot it being made ot granite. The sar
e, ptinges is in one corner, is also of granite, with
out am. top, and entirely empty, a little dust and
rubbish being the sole possessors of the home which
a proud king prepared for his body so many ages
""when Hcnrodotus was here, nearly five hundred
years before Christ, this mass of atone was a won
der of the past. Ils entrance had not been disco
verod • its gloomy passages had not been trodden
for many centuries. This dark loom contained its
treasured relics concealed from the knowledge of
all and for thousands of years the thick gloom in the
midst of which l was standing had not been broken
by a single ray of light. Finally, the belief that
rich treasures had been concealed here led to the
discovery of the entrance, and the anxious discover
ers overcame their fears and pressed their way up
to the tomb, and their dim torches glared upon these
walls and lighted up the features of the enbalmed
king His sanctuary was profaned; and now
strangers come from the four quarters of the globe,
aud the dim toiches light up their own features as
they look down into the sarcophagus of a man whose
name is unknown and whose monument is imper
ishable ’ "What a strange history is this !" and
"what an illustration of the value of human ambi
tion !" arc thoughts which press upon your heart, if
they arc not breaking from your lips, in the midst
ol such associations.
Leaving this apartment, we descended again a
short distance, and through a very low passage,
Steeping as we went, we came to another small
room, which is called—l ki.ow not by what authori
iy tin (f icon's Tomb. It was entirely empty, and
! tie Arabs seem to have lost all reverence for it as a
sepulchre of the dead. They begged the privilege
of giving me a specimen of their dancing; and as
soon as 1 yielded to their request, their voices and
hands and feet were all in motion. One of them,
w ho i onsidered himself my special guide and friend,
strained every muscle of his naked body, as lie now
. rouvhed low down to the pavement, and then rais
ed himself to his full length, and his feet heat time
to the measured voices and clapped hands of his
two companions. It was a fearful, a ridiculous and
sometimes almost an infernal scene, as their shouts
rung through the gloomy avenues, and the pave
ment sent back the echoes oftheir feet trampling on
the sacred memories of the past. But to their «a
cant minds there was no past, and the present
seemed entirely filled with ideas of "baksheesh,"
for which they clamored vociferously as soon as their
dance nas over. And when I paid them they be
sought me earnestly not to inform the Sheik oftlieir
trill.-, a? he would be certain to swallow down all
their’ gains, (opening their mouths widely and
most expressively as they said.it and leave them
without oread for themselves or their children. We
then returned towards the entrance of the pyramid,
my guides watching over me w ith the greatest care,
mid actually winning mv heart bv their tender and
gentle manner iu spite of their filth and disgusting
nakedness. 1 found my friends a'.i seated in the
grateful shadow of this "groat work in a weary
land," and was ready to join them m the repast
w hich spread before us.
After half an hour s rest we went to Sphynx. The
head of the Sphynx is distinctly visible from the
pyramid, and it seems indeed close at hand, so cleai
is’ the atmosphere and so immense are the features
of the stone face staring upon you from the sand
hills surrounding it- The firs; view l had of it was
u kiU> passing a ouud the pyramid to examine its
dimension!: and. though 1 had read so many de
scriptions of it. I was fairly startled as it glared un
expectedly. There was a life and fierceness in it ai
a distance which made me think of it as the very
genius of the savage desert, guarding these relics of
old mysterious Egypt. As I upp. cached it now
x\ ith my triends, 1 found much more of it uncovered
than 1 anticipated. It seems that a French gentle
man has been exploring its secrets during the past
year. s.:;d has exposed its Keck and a large part of j
the body. It has bees always described as having
* been carved out of one of solid rockbut I found i
that the left side of the body was constructed es solid !
blocks of stone, lvs, tabling those of the pyramid I :
climbed up aud walked over the back x>f the huge !
animal. Between the shoulders was a largeoavitv! I
partly tilled with the; andsof the desert llc-re were ■
lying two headless dogs of stone, which the Arabs i
said had been taken out of tins cax'ily. The neck ;
aid breast of the Sphynx are much bruised and de
faced, til*- Arabs bi caking off large pieces for visit
ers as t t.cv urn for us. The licse is entirely gone
and ihe whole law was never anything more than
the rudest Egyptian carving, which amuses, if it
does not difguat yon as you stand immediately be
for-h. Yet at a distance it is toil of power, and.
could the surrounding sands lie entirely cleared
away, it would be a most striking ornament in the
midst of the gloomy tombs.
Not far fro:., the Sphynx an English gentleman.
Mr. Wyee. has been aealvfisiy digging in the sands
lot some time past, employing for this purpose a
laige number ot Arabs. Among other curiosities,
he has uncovered a very remarkable tomb, contain
iug. at a depth of 1 wenty er thirty feet, several large
sarcophagi, which have not yet been removed; and
you cannot look upon them without feeling that the
grand idea of old Egypt was not bow to live, but
how to be burled. From the tomb we went to the
second pyramid: almost a sac simile of tLe first, ex
cept t hat it is not quite so large, and the outer layer
ofstoue has not been removed near the top. Per
haps fifty teet or more of the original exterior (ap
parently* Egyptian granite, though some say it is
stucco) is the same as when it was constructed. It |
has, I unde: stand, the same internal passages and
ro ,ms as the other pyramids, though 1 did not enter j
it myself. A short distance further on is a compare- j
lively small pyramid, of very beautiful granite.—
Immense blocks had been torn down aud scattered
around in different attempts to penetrate into the
interior, and we picked our way among them,
wondering at the strange ambition which had piled
up these lii.fuuments during many successive dy
nasties of Egvpt. *
lu a ridge .-f rocks, a iiliie farther out in the des
ert , is a r,.w of .-onlpHrutivciy small tombs, almost
ennrely fll'ed with (he tver'drilang sand. Upon
our hands and knees we effected an entrance into
tl.eiu.ainl found the wails covered with hieroglyphics,
wi h i, are pert, et(y distinr-l, and some of the colors
hi. ... bright and vivid as when put on the by artist
four thousand years ago. It was a suange expe
rienee to find myseinving prostrate to an Egyptian
tomb, attempting to
d a ia-.guage which doubtless recorded the name
and character ot the poor mortals who may have
elcoi here quietly for ages, and whose asues have
long since been loet to (hesfe restless sands.
Mounted on our donkeys, we rode from point to e
point in the vicinity, all that I saw convincing me “
beyond a doubt that this whole region was the great u
cemetery ot ancient Memphis—the pyramids being a
(tie mausoleums of kings, and the other structures
being prepared for the people, and varying in size a
and splendor with the various fortunes of the differ- “
ent classes. ?
The Pyramids of Sokhara and Doehoor are seve
ral miles farther up the Nile and nearer its banks.
They are in fuil view from those I have described, ij
They were probably erected for the same purposes
by ambitious and despotic kings. I thought often
while looking on them of-the theory advocated by
some tbafthe children of Israel in their bendage
built up all these great works Perhaps further in
vestigation will prove its truth. The testimony of l
Josephus is direct and explicit, and per Laps a future
explorer will find the fact recorded in some undis
covered chamber of a pyramid, or it may be recor-
ded in some bierogiyphiiz! yet to be explained. {
But the declining sun warned us to turn our fa- (
ees towards Cairo, aud we left this scene so fuh of (
memorials of past greatness and past tyranny. xne t
darkness gathered over us just as we reaction i.e g
city, but the impressions of Egypt s antiqu y
power were as bright as mid-day. c
tm —■ J
Laying of the t orner-Stone of the Clay Aloii- :
nnicDi at c
The Cincinnati pnfiers are filled with details of
the pr.s eedinge at Is-xington, Ky. on Saturday— {
From the letter of the correspondent of the frazette (
we extract the following passages :
In the procession, and the only one admitted into i
the cemetery grounds, was the carriage, still in <
good keeping, that was presented to the Hon. Hen t
ry Clay by the city of Newark, N. J, November (
j.; i, is.;;; It was ornamented by four waving white ]
funeral plumes at the corners, and in the rear seat |
was placed a bust of Clay: also the engraving of
Clay a leave-taken from the Senate of the Lnited j
i States. Within eat tlie old coachman of Mr. Clay, t
a venerable, but hale looking gray haired negro, ,
“ Aaron I tups';. who had been bred and born at j
tLe "Slashes, 'in Old Hauover, Ya. He traveled ,
with him, he said, when there was no turnpike Jn 1
Portugal or in England, lie commenced service ,
with him when J tffereon was going out of I lie Presi
dency, and had been his faithful servant until the ,
decease of his much beloved master.
The sidewalks were jammed, and the windows
and housetops were crowded with men. women and
children, gazing upon the pageant, that for two
hours was passing through the avenue, which was
colored with waving flags and pendant banners,
and which thundered witli the explosion of artillery,
the rattle of drums, and the music of brazeu threat
ed instruments.
A few aged men were present, who had known
the sage as the young Harry of Ashland, who heard
him in person denounce the interference of govern
ment in personal liberty, and that of the press, as
early ns the alien and sedition laws -, some had heard
his hold advocacy of tlie war of 1812, of internal
improvements and of tlie American system—his
commencement and close of life as a statesman.
Political followers and antagonists, now disarmed,
were here to testify to the sincerity, ability and
purity of Mr. Clay ; men who knew by experience
and youtli who bad read aud heard of his gallant
deeds, trooped into the Fayette county seat, and on
the early hours of the Fourth, Lexington was tilled
with people from all tlie adjacent counties.
A stand had been erected at a convenient dis
tance, mi which a camera had been placed, and a
photograph plate was taken of tlie interesting group
uigH of this august ceremony, at a point of greatest
interest. The procession was re-formed, and in
lengthened file proceeded to the tair grounds, in a
dietaut, part of the city, to hear the eulogy on Henry
Clay, by Breckenridge.
Tune will not permit to picture the imposiug
scene, forming the coup d’e/l from the speaker s
Bland, wlien circling round the vast amphitheatre
were seated thousands of the beauty and chivalry of
tlie commonwealth, and paraded in the central area
were the military from Baltimore, St. Louis, Louis
ville Cincinnati and Indiana. The Knight Tem
plars, in biack and with banners, mounted on ca
parisoned steeds; the Masons, in blue and brilliant
regulia , the Fire Companies, with decorated appa
ratus, , the Chief Marshal and Assistants on horse
back, harmoniously arranged, awaiting the mtro-
I duotion to the orator, who was eminently the man
to speak of Henry Clay.
Rev. ItobL J. B.eckridge, himself a proud repre
, sentative of Kentucky in talents and lineage, step
ped forward and addressed, for near two hours the
! vu,-M and attentive auditory. Our conjecture as to
the style and production ol llie oration had been in
fault I had expected to have witnessed a bold and
during launch out from written language to the uu
' premeditated and gushing eloquence that distin
guished him that was speaking, and him of whom lio
spoke, when youthful tires glowed in their earnest
souls. But 1 was agreeably disappointed. I saw
step forth a solid, serious man, who bore inform and
taco the tracings that time had deult practically witli
him, who had dwelt long and well on the character
of Clay, and had the good taste to honor him and
himself by no vivid oratorical rhapsody, but like an
earnest Christian philosopher, presented a calm,
warm-hearted, common sense view'of the personal
character, public services, and distinguished charac -
teristic of tlie man, the American, and the Kent tic
ician, whom the auditory all so well knew.
Among tlie many distinguished gentlemen present
were J. C. Breckinridge, Vice-l’resident of the Uni
ted States, Kev. Eobt. J. Breckinridge, orator of the
. day, and his five sons : Senator John J. Crittenden;
Hon. James Guthrie; ex-Gtovernor Trimble, of
t Ohio; Gov. Muorehead, of Kentucky -.Chief J ustiees
I Robertson and M rsliall; Hon. Garret Davis, and
f ,|. n. Houston, Speaker of the Kentucky House of
i Representatives.
I Lnto and Important from .Mexico.
Byway of Havana, we have t wo weeks later in
, lelligencs from all parts of the Mexican Republic,
II from Vera Cruz to the 20th ult., und the City of
. Mexico to tlie 16th. Tlie Santa Anna conspirators,
twenty one in number, arrested at tlie capital the
t 2fith of May, had all made good their escape.—
y Withdrawn from the chain gang, as before stated,
they were banished to a small island iu the neigh
borhood of Aeapluco, and immediately put en route
1 thither, with an escort of fifty under command
. of Gen. Keyes, aid-de-camp of tlie Governor of the
. district. No sooner, however, was this determina
j turn of .the government known, than secret des
> patches were at once sent off to one John Vieario,
- who commanded a baud of rebels, in the vicinity of
the route which thu prisoners must pass. Thus ad
B vised, Vieario fell suddenly upon the insufficient es
, cort with a body of eight or nine hundred men,
a overpowered it, though not till after stout resistance
e and sot the prisoners free. Gen. lteyes was taken
i prisoner, hut on the intercession of the exiles them
c selves, his life was spared.
j There have been three important changes iu the
* Mexican Cabinet since our last mails, aud there was
o prospect* of more. Senor Fueute has been succeed
„ ed by Senor Lcrdo de Tejada, in the Department of
Foreign Relations; Senor Lailave by Senor Casta
neda in that of tlie Interior; and Senor Iglesias,
„ entrusted wi ll the portfolio of F inance, by Senor
□ Garcia, of Guadalajara, in that of Justice. Os these
e Castaneda and Iglesias have since resigned, bad
1 health being assigned as the reason. The latter,
lt however, had consented, at tlie personal request of
i tlie President, to remain in office till his successor
could be appointed.
o Political differences seem to have been the real
cause of these numerous changes, and the Trail
j d laiion thiuks the condition of affairs very criti
ii oal : „
r That which we have a long time foreseen is on
j the point of being realized. The attempt to steer a
’ middle course, accommodation politics, lias borne
’ its fruits; Senor Comonfort has not lost one of his
I enemies among the reactionists . lie lias lost con
siderable in tlie liberal party. Let him not indulge
\ in illusions in this regard. Tlie Presidential ques-
I, tion, which two monthssince we believed already
s decided, is now a problem ditlicult to solve.
Os the rest of tlie Cabinet, Senor Soto, Minister
j of War, suffering from ill health, had asked and ob
tained leave of absence ; Senor Siliceo was like
,. wise absent from the capital. 1 !.e Cabinet, then,
a says the Trait d’ Union of the 13th, is at this moment
s composed in fact of Senors Lerdo and Garcia; both
j new' in the political world, xvhose first acts are
o awaited with a curiosity easy to understand,
i, T imor prevailed at the capital, on tlie 13th,
t tiia! Alvarez, sent to put down the Indian in
-3 surj of Chilapa and vicinity, had been repulsed
with it loss. It was not, however, fully cred
i ited.
3 It was also a common report at the capital on the
1 13th, that President Comonfort was about putting
himself at the head of the brigade of Yuloaga,
whence he would inarch to Jalapa, there to form a
’ camp, in expectation of a war with Spain. The
j Trait d'Union, however, says it has no foundation
. in fact.
( Tlie struggle between the civil and ecclesiastical
. powers seems to make no progress. The scenes of
f Holy Thursday came well nigh being acted over
i again Corpus Christi day. The Archbishop peremp
torily refused to admit the civil authorities iuto the
. cathedral with customary honors, whereupon the
’ last, unwilling to take upon themselves the respon
i sibility of disturbing tlie public peace, kept away
altogether. This produced a sort of “ female pro
[ nunciamento;" the ladies, always sympathizing
with the clergy, turned out e« masse aud sw’elled
I the procession far beyond its usual size.
, The general state of the republic, in fact, is any
thing but satisfactory. The popular mind seems
more than usually unsettled, and violations of tlie
law and disturbances of the public peace are re
■ ported on every side. And not the least noticeable
thing in this unfortunate state of affaire, miff per
, haps in a measure the cause of it, is the evidently
i serious apprehension, of a war w ith Spain, for which
j preparations are being made in all parts ot tlie
, country. Should now Comonfort's Government at
last bn ak down there would be anarchy indeed.—
, .VO. Pic.
The Peabout Institute. —We are glad to place
before our readers a copy of the letter of credit ad
dressed to tlie Trustees of the “Peabody Institute,"
by the eminent bankers. Messrs. Duncan, Sherman
-V Co., of New York, lt will be seen that it con
firms a previous one received three or four mouths
ago, ana that it adds fifty thousand dollars to the
three hundred thousand theu given by this munifi
i vent friend of our city. This addition, we are in
formed, was made by'Mr. Peabody on learning that
a selection of any of the sites considered eligible
would involve an outlay beyond the appropriations
within the means at:in- disposal es the Trustees.
In doing this, however, Mr. Peabody declined to
interfere with the proceedings of the board, as he
lias invariably d-. ne since the establishment of the
Institute.
We understand further that a number of archi
tects from the neighboring States will be competi
tors with our fellow townsmen for the premiums of
fered, and are now engaged on plans, so that the
edifice may be commenced before the beginning of
winter.— Bait. Pat.
Office ok Dcxcvn, Shekman <Sc Co. Bankers l
New Y'ork, June 21th, 1837. S
Messrs Wm. E Mayhew, John V Kennedy, aud
others, Baltimore :
Gentlemen ♦Referring to our letter to you of
March 1 Ith last, we have the pleasure of informing
you that Mr. George Peabody has requested us to
honor your drafts to the amount of three hundred
and fifty thousand dollars, (say $350,000,) instead of
s3i>t).tH)o, ns therein expressed. We now, there
fore, increase the credit which we then advised you
we had opened on his accounts, to the extent of fifty
thousand dollars, (say S3O,(KK'i to be drawn for as
stated iu our said letter of the 11th March.
We have the honor to remain.
vour obedient servants,
Dim as, Sheuman & Co.
Growth of New York.—A paper read before
the geographical and statistical society of New
Voik. says the population of the State for ISou was
3, 1tv.,212. an increase of 3fi8,818 ir five years. The
population of the city of New York was 629,819, or
an increase in the same time of 11 l,2t>S. The pro
porUonof males to females in New York city is
1M males to 51. u females. This inequality is ob
served in other large cities, and in London the dif
■creme is sun greater. Wing Id S males to 33.2 fe
; 1 ; us proportion of males to females in large
eiUcehas Us exceptions Paris, sh&e 1836, has re
turi.eo a;: excess of males, which hs exulaiued in the
official report by the large number v"u™ men
attramed tlutUr to its seminaries of tairainf the
crowd oi un named artificers drawn from .7T
partinents, and even from foreigu countries aud
tlie numerous male laborers upon public and private
walks. The number of dwellings in New York
iSf&to in 185>) was o J'J.ivM. and the average number
of persons iu each 6.61. The number of families
663,1:24 average number of persons iu each 5.23
In New York city the number of dwellings is set down
at 12,668; average number of persons in each 17.73. '
Number of families 126,558: average perso in
each 4.37. The tota’ value of dwellings was report
ed, in 1555. as $273,481,811 in the city, and $e«64,-
833.96? iu the State of New York, being an average
of $6,409 in the former, and $1,351 in the latter. It
: s to be remarked that the value of the lot in
cluded with dwellings in cities and villages, but not
upon farms.
Hail Storm.—A destructive wind and hail storm
visited a portion of Bibb county on Wednesday
evening lust, which devastated everything in its
course. Soi. Johnson, Esq., has shown us a speci
men ot'com : and water melon taken from several
fi 'iv . the crop oi which was destroyed, that shows
dearly the extent of the damage. The corn stalk
w torn into ribbdns and the melon was battered
on its expdeed surface as if it had been peppered
with gr*i** and canister. The ruin of four acres of
water melon*, was complete. In this city, the same
e\« i.ing. we had some wind and considerable elec
t» icily, but no huii or rain of consequence.— Macon
CVfYcM.
From tkr A’ec York Her aid.
Obscqute* of Mr. Marcy.
.iLßiwr, Juijr 8,1857. i
This has been an eventful day for the State me ;
tropolis, thousands upon thounsnds ot people from j
every portion of the State amemhlmg at one com- .
me® centre to consign to the mortuary' and the crvpx ,
the remains of the illustrious statesman so recently j
among the living. J
At about 7 o’clock this morning strangers com j
menced to flock towards the Assembly Chamber, to
take a last look at him whom they had for so many
years delighted to honor. It is estimated that not
less than ten thousand persons viewed the corpse..
Hours before the procession formed, tee I ark an
adjacent grounds of the Capitol were u l, . _ '
flowing with people anxious to gam admitta
to the Capitol building. , >
During the morning a great number « f P®°P“;
visited lie Capitol to take * last “L‘dku^.
mains of the deceased statesman and much ‘ dwap
pointment was expressed when they iemned that
at the request of the relatives of the deceased, the
coffin would not be opened. . , .
\ fine foil of rain last evening conj-ibu.ed not
on!" to lav the dust but to render the atmosphere
e'eir and in every way tolerable. At an early hour
the citizens betook themselves to the enshrouding
of the city in luneral regaiia. With but very few
exceptions every building on Broadway and State
street was handsomely and appropriately decorated,
"and particular attention was paid to the structure
of the Mechanics and Fanners Bank, of which Mr.
Marcy wai for more than forty years a stockholder.
'1 he exterior of the Capitol was most eiegactiy
decorated witli the habiliments of mourning, the
piiiara in frOnt being wound with interminglec white
and black, the flag upon the staff being at half mast,
as indeed were all the flags throughout the city.—
The inner hall was similarly dressed, the columns,
walla and entrances to the various chambers being
draped in black. The Assembly Chamber, in which
the funeral exercises took place, was most solemnly
decorated and arrayed, the desks having been re
moved, and the walls and facings of the galleries
being deeply draped with the insignia of grief.
In the centre of the circle, directly in front of the
Speaker's desk, was the bier upon which the coffin,
etrown with white flowers, rested, the constitution
of the country being placed upon the breast of the
illustrious dsceased. The pall bearers were seated
upon either side of the coffin, and the mourners at
the head of the coffin, while the Burgesses Corps
occupied a position at the right.
At three o’clock every building on State street
and Broadway tor three miles was draped in mourn
ing, the black and white cloth intertwined present
ing a splendid appearance.
Owing to the large arrivals of visiters, from other
cities the funeral ceremonies were not commenced
until three o’clock.
At 2P. M , all the bells in the city commenced
tolling, and did not cease doing so until the close ot
the ceremonies.
Among the companies that arrived during theduy,
there were three from Syracuse, three from Sche
nectady, five from Troy, one from Johnstown, and
two from Baldwineville. Tho visiting companies
were received and entertained by the Burgesses
Corps. , „ ,
Stanwix Hall, the American Hotel, the Delevan
House and Congress Hall, were crowded with tas
tinguished visiters. .
At three o’clock the ceremonies at the Capitol
commenced amid the tolling of belis and the firing
of minute gui s. . , „ ,
The venerable Dr. Nott opened tlie funeral ser
vices with an eloquent prayer. He was followed
by Rev. Dr. Sprague, who read portions of Scrip
ture. A beautiful discourse was then delivered by
Rev. Dr. Hague. The exercises elosed with a pray
er and benediction from Rev. Dr. Welch.
The line formed at 3j P. M., and proceeded on the
march to the cemetery, preceded by ot
uniformed police, under the command of Chiet Mor
gan. The procession was a most imposing one, and
proceeded in the following order :
Major-General John E. Wool, Grand Marshal.
Military escort, under the command of Major-
General J. T. Cooper, of the Third Division.
The Eleventh Brigade, under the command of
Brigadier General E. Frisby.
The Twenty-fifth Regiment, uuder the command
of Col. Ilaroourt.
The Seventy sixth Regiment,.under the command
of Col. Bentley.
Next came the Syracuse companies, as follows :
The Citizen’s Corpse, Capt. Walworth.
The National Guard, Capt. Kodigan.
The Syracuse Grey's, Capt. Chandler.
Then came the Schenectady companies, as follows:
The City Artillery, Capt. Banker.
The City Guard, Capt. F'ritchy.
Tlie Light Guard, Capt. Hays.
These were followed by the Troy military, consist
ing of five companies, and the Utica Citizens’ Corps
and tlie Johnstown Light Guard.
Then came the hearse, drawn by four white
horses. On each side of it were the members of the
Burgesses corps in full uniform, without arm, as a
guard of honor.
Tho coffin, containing the remains of the illustri
ous dead, was of fine rosewood. Attached to it was
a silver plate engraved with the following inscrip
tion ;
WILLIAM L. MARCY,
DIED J ¥LT 4, 1857.
aged 75 vears 5 Months and 22 dais
Following this came the mourners and pall bear
ers in carriages.
These were followed by carriages containing ex-
Presideuts Van Buren and Pierce, Gov. King, ex-
Governors Hunt, Fish, Seward and Bouck; Hon
Preston King, Hon. N. P. Banks, Senator Beckman
and other distinguished persons.
These were followed by the Fire Department,
under the command of the Chief Engineer, Mc-
and the visiting fire companies, consisting
altogether of twenty-niue companies. After these
came the Marion Rifles, the Young America Light
Guard, the Order of Free Masons, the order of Odd
Fellows, and the civic societies, with a large number
of citizens on foot.
The procession took one how in passing a given
point, and was altogether the largest ever witness
ed in this city. There were twenty-five bauds of
music in it.
The day was fine, and everything passed off well.
The Fourth of July in the Indiana State
Prison. —The celebration of Independence Day by
convicts in a penitentiary may be considered as a
wonderful anomaly, but not at all inconsistent with
the ideas of progress prevalent in this age. Such an
event actually oocurred iu the State Prison of In
diana, at Jeffersonville, opposite this city, last Sat
urday. The prisoners were granted holiday, and iu
the morning an address was delivered by Dr.
Meuse, of Green county, convicted for life, having
committed murder. His speech is said to have
been an exceedingly creditable production, abound
ing in good advice to his fellow convicts. A sump
tuous dinner was served up under the supervision
of Mrs. Miller, the lady of the warden. To men ac
custouied to no other bill of fare than bread and
meat, this was of course a great feast.
After dinner a dance came off iu one of the large
halls, and foot races were run in the yard. The cele
bration was closed by an oration by I. T. Crawford
of Tippecanoe county, it was of the regular Fourth
of July style, and radiant with star-spangled 1 aimer
notions, and llights of rhetoric about the land of the
free. A choir of prisoners sung, “My own, my na
tive land,’’ and the religious services were conduc
ted by Rev. Mr. Uuncie, the Moral Instructor.—
This is an exceedingly praiseworthy affair, and hon
orable to those thus even temporarily relieved of the
tedium and wretchedness of prison life. —Louisville
Journal.
New York Riots.— Last night, between half-past
eleven and twelve o’clock, a fresh manifestation of
of the riotous spirit at Mackrellville broke forth,
and large crowds of organized rowdies collected in
the neighborhood of Tompkins Park, coming from
streets between Twelfth and Seventh streets, about
the neighborhood of avenue A.
After some skirmishing with a party of half a do
zen patrolmen in that neighborhood a regular onset
was made upon the police, when some six shots were
fired by the latter at the rowdies.
This checked them for about fifteen minutes,
when they rushed again upon the police, *who had
meantime given the signal for a reinforcement. The
number of the policemen being thus Increased they
received the second attack as in the previous in
stance with another discharge of pistols.
Two at least, it was noticed, were borne off
wounded, when afresh retreat was the consequence.
The entire of the men detailed in this vicinity
were there concentrated for defence, and the upper
streets towards Twelfth street abandoned to the
rioters. The opening of this, as of the previous af
fairs of the kind, was eharacteriszed by throwing
of missiles from house tops and windows.— N. Y.
Herald , 9th inst .«
Heavy Bank Robbery. —The Central Bank of
New Brunswick, at Fredericton, N. 8., was robbed
of a large sum in gold and five pound notes, between
Saturday and Monday last. The amount is not
stated, but it is supposed to be from $15,000 to $20,-
000 iu gold, and a large sum in notes.
The robbers got into the basement of the building,
dug through the masonry, and got access to the
lock, an old-fashioned one, bolted to the door by
screws. They cut off the heads of the screw bolts
and forced the door. Tlvey selected their gold and
notes, and left the silver on the floor of the Banking
room apparently intending to return for it. No one
connected with the Bank, visited it from Saturday
afternoon until Monday morning, so that the robbers
bad ample time for arrangements, especially as they
had cut the wires of the telegraph lines leading from
the place. A reward of $2,000 is offered for the
arrest of the burglars.
The ladies ere just now attiring themselves iu a
very neat walking wrapper of “dustec,” which cer
tainly commends itself to good taste, and sits grace
fully upon a form begirt with hoops. This “habit,”
however, accordingto the Herald, is notorigi
nal with the ladies. It originated with a class, of
all others, perhaps, the most estranged from her sex.
We moan the “Zouaves,” that dauntless, yet isola
ted. body of French troops, who went lip the Mala
kolfhill amid the storm of iron rain. They first in
troduced the style of dress for fatigue purposes and
called it “burnous.” Those worn by the ladies are
au exact pattern of the -Zouave fatigue. Strange,
is it not, that delicate woman should adopt the war
worn fashions of the bloodiest troops in all the
world, and sport in fashion what originated iu the
necessities of the campaign of the Crimea
Morals in Spain. —According to the Espana, up
wards of tifteen Spanish churches, including the ca
thedral of Segonvia, were robbed during the month
of March. In that of April, seventeen were rob
bed, including the cathedral of Burgos, and the
valuable sabre of General Urbistoudo, a testimonial
ot his services, was stolen from his corpse while the
funeral service was being performed over him in the
church of Sau Martin, at Madrid. The Espana has
not yet ascertained the number of churches despoil
ed iu the month of May. As some set oft' to this
startling amouut of sacrilege, which testifies at once
to the religious feelings of the population and to the
excellence of the police in this most Roman Catho
lic country, it is satisfactory to read iu the Regene
ration that a few days since some further ceremonies
took place in the Chapel Royal on account of the
celebrated nail—one of those with which the Sa
viour was attached to the cross. The invaluable
piece of iron was carried in possession and placed
upon the high altar, and mass having been said,
was adored by the Queen and King, the Princess
of the Asturias, the l)uke and Dutchess Montpen
sier and their threeMaughters.
Arrival of Runaway Mormons at Omaha, N.
T.—We learn from one of the officers of a steamer
which arrived yesterday from the upper Missouri,
that on reaching Omaha City he was informed by
some of the citizens that a party of sixty Mormons
had arrived on the *dd inst. The party encamped in
the town, and stated that they intended to start
down the river by some boat in a few days. They
were loud in their denunciations of the ruling men
of Utah, and aver thefr firm belief that a large num
ber of the inhabitants of the valley, as soon as they
see a chance of protection, by the arrival of the U.
troops, will gladly avail themselves of the oppor
tunity of withdrawing themselves from the yoke
they "are now groaning under. These persons who
have reached Omaha were a portion of the dissatis
lied citizens of Salt Lake City, and their escape
(that is the word they use) was the result of a well
devised and cautious stratagem. They left Salt
Lake about April Louis Democrat.
Reduction of Postage to British Colonies, j
—We are requested to state that, iu consequence of j
a reduction of the British postage, the single rate
°t letter postage between the United States and the ?
British colours of Falkland Islands. Gambia, La- *
buan, lonian Inland-? t and Natal, via England, will !
hereafter be .it prepayment required when
conveyed from f * lloire .
Qaulbia - b >" P»<-' ke t or by
Laboan and lonian Islands, nrivate shiD
Natal, by packet, via the Hone • or
by private ship direct—AV. iktj' P ’
The Chinch Bog is said to be playing havoc with I
the growing com in the western part of L,™
county. Sheriff Hutcheson informs us that the road. '
m his neighborhood are literally alive with them ’
and but for the seasonable weather, which causes
an abundance of sap in the growing crop, the corn
in his neighborhood would be literally devoured.
Killed.— On the Ith of July last near the Gro
cery store of Mr. Keubeu Mayo, at about 10 o'clock
at uigbt, the body of James Wicker was found I
dead. He had had several fights at the grocery I
during the day. A coroner’s jury were summoned, J
and they found that he came to his death by blows
indicted by Marion Cary. Cary has made his es- j
oape.— damdersullc Georg-tan. '
From HnOma. i>n<l Cnllfomlß- j
by the inivii a, Cb&ttesrton of the steamer La
be! direct from Havana via Key V. eat, v e have
SLIS from Havana. MexJcoarf CaUforma.
We cu!! from the Concur the following itema of
“e ws : Havana, July 10. i
. astaiysS'J“ 'susssafsfc 1
authority” took part. As the Host passed all m. n
had to kneel, and the Marquis de la Habana, to set
a good example, 1 suppose, went down upoa his
knees as the Host passed th» Palace door. Toe
houses in the streets through which the procession
weut were adorned with u cortinas , banners, Ae.
The drinking and confectionary shop,
and Los Officios-streets. called Le
decorated with the branches of the coLOan« **ee,
between the leaves of which ."trips of yellow and
red calico were interwoven, producing a pret y
effect. The Officios street, which ie narrow, haa tee
Spanish dag hung across the street in twenty diffe
rent places. I have never seen so large an assem
blage of people as were in the Plaza de Annas ai d
around it on that day. . . ,
! You we already aware of the arrival in tma har-
I borof the Spanish fleet with the troop? destined for
Mexico. The number of men that have arrived, is,
however, much smaller than had ]>een anticipated ;
only about 1500 having lauded, the remainder, how
ever, said to be many thousands, are preparing for
embarkation in Spain. It is generally said they are
going to Mexico, but I cannot believe any man
would be so foolish as to send soldiers to certain de
feat, but if they do go. then Spain may exclaim,
farewell, a long farewell to Cuba.
The rates in our Sugar market are unchanged,
and except a rapid improvement in Exchanges,
there has not been any important alteration in any
other items in our markets, of which, as usual, I
send you a report. . ,
The official paper of the 2d inst. contains a Royal
order" forbidding the circulation of the false anzas
(ounces) manufactured in China of gold, silver and
copper, the true value of which in bullion is de
clared to be nine dollars and six rials. I have not
seen or heard of any being in circulation in this
city. _ _ . . s
I rather “guess” the expedition to Mexico is grven
up, althuugh many persons entertain a different
health continues unusually good, al
though I have been told by a friend, whose inform
ant was an officer ot the army, that there are fifty
seven of the Boldiers who recently came from Spain
in the Hospital Militar, attacked by yellow fever.
From Wednesday until Saturday evening of this
! week it rained almost incessantly, and on Friday
: the wind blew from the North almost a gale, des
troying fences, ike., at Guanabacoa, and rendering
thick winter clothing quite eonfortable.
; We have now agreeable mornings but generally
1 wet unpleasant afternoons.
j It is reported that several cargoes of alarms have
) been landed recently somewhere beyond Annidaa
deCuba. ia ,-,
Kur West, July 10, 18m.
i Messrs Editors.—No accidents to commence
have occurred within this District the past fortnight.
The excessive dry weather remarked in our last dis
patch , has been succeeded by the most abundant
showers, and good water is now to be had from the
warehouse tanks in any quantity. The fail of rain
last week exceeded 12 inches; and was so great as
to injure the prospects of our salt manufacturers,
whose rakings have been deferred for the present
The U. S. Transport steamer Fashion, Capt. Ma
ker, arrived the oth inst., with Col. Loomis of the
sth Infantry, and now in command of the U. 8.
Iroops operating in Florida against the Seminole
Indians, and suite on board, en route for Fort Dal
las, for which place they sailed after a few hour's
detention. We understand that great difficulty at
tends the attempt to raise a corps of volunteer
troops to take the place of the companies of Artillery
that have been withdrawn. The Everglades are
also dry, and further present operations must be
suspended. In September it is thonght that the
Florida troops must muster in sufficient numbers to
enable operations to be carried on with some show
of vigor. A detachment of Coi. Winders’ company
now garrisoning this port, in command of Lieut.
Turner, left in the Fashion on her return for Fort
Myers.
Mexico. —The hews from Mexico will be fou^ u
included in the following compilation, for wb“.' u ,y e
are indebted to Mr. I’iumb, a passenger 1 „ tl ” e laa .
bel:
by arrival of the English ste'jmg,- Dee, at Havana,
on the 'Jth inst., weJia v e dates from Vera Cru* to
the sth and City of Mexico to 3d inst.
The vomito had prevailed to some extent at Vera
Cruz, but had, not assumed an epidemic form. No
sickness at all existed among the shipping.
The steamer Texas arrived from New Orleans on
the 4th, being her first trip under the new contract
made by the Postoftiee Department with Garrison,
Morgan & Co. Hereafter it is expected this route
will not be subjected to this disgraceful irregulari
ties which have heretofore so much interfered with
correspondence.
15ut two war vessels were at Vera Cruz—a Span
ish steamer, some time iu port, and an English brig.
Mmch activity prevailed in making preparations
for a warm reception of the long talked of “Spanish
fleet.” Extensive earth works, ala Sebastopol, are
being thrown up on each side of the town, and the
forts and the castle of San Juan are being placed
in a thorough state of defence.
Corsiderable bodies of troops have left the city
of Mexico for the coast, but will probably proceed
no further than the declivity of the table land, until
the near approach of the valiant Spaniards shall ren
der their presence necessary at Vera Cruz.
In the interior as well as at Vera Cruz, all par
ties are invited to resist the bold pretensions of
Spain, and the result promises to show that there is
one question which can arouse a thorough national
feeling.
The elections for Presidential Electors and for
State officers have mostly taken place, and sufficient
was known to render certain the election of General
Comonfort.
Don Miguel Liree di Tijeda, the distinguished
author of the church property law and late Minister
of Treasury, lias addressed a spirited and patriotic
appeal to his friends, in which, whi e irrevocably
withdrawing his own name as a candidate fop the
presidency, he urges all to rally to the continued
support ol an administration which has consistently
and peiseveringly shown its adherence to the plan
of Ayutla, and which has yet a great work to do in
completing and establishing those reforms which any
change of men or division among the liberal party
would only t end to retard. The stand he has taken
has had a powerful influence in restoring a feeling
of unity among the liberalistas.
Don Diego Alvarez has been elected Governor of
the State of Guerreio. Sen. Ramon, the late Go
vernor of State of Vera Cruz, has beeu re-elected.
Generally the results of the elections had been to
placemen of thoroughly liberal views in offico.
The entire Republic is at this moment, for a won
der, in a state of tranquility—free from outbreak or
revolution of any kind.
Mejia, a noted revolutionary partisan, and who
has been constantly opposed to the present Govern
ment, has just been taken prisoner by Gen. Rosas
Landa, and his forces completely disbanded.
In the South Juan Vicario, a semi-robber or
“riaccionario,” has been completely routed by, the
division of Gen. Negrata, and his career has doubt
less ere this been put an end to.
Gen. Alvarez has also succeeded in dispersing the
revolted Indians at Chilapa, and that affair may be
considered ns terminated.
In every direction good fortune still seems to at
tend the star of Comonfort, though so long continued
and invariable success argues something more than
good fortune, it proves great ability and sagacious
management.
Railroad enterprises are attracting much atten
tion. The road to Guadalupe has been finished, and
its opening celebration was to take place on the 4th
July, a day, by the way, becoming quite popular
with the Mexicans, judging from its frequent selec
tion for public celebrations. The Engineer of this
road, Robert S. Gorsuch, Esq., is an American,
and has the honor of completing the first railroad iu
Mexico.
The Tacubay road is being pushed forward ra
pidly by its energetic projector, George L. Hainme
ken, Esq., and will probably be opened for opera
tion in August.
Attention is being turned to a new route for the
Vera Cruz railroad, viz : to effect a connection with
the city of Mexico by a branch leading from near
the middle of the Vera Cruz and Acapulco Road,
and thus save the building of about one-half of
either road, as well as by this road reach the city of
Mexico by a lower grade than is possible by any
other line. From the latter city to Matamoras—the
point where this connection would be effected—re
cent surveys show a route possessing wonderful na
tural facilisies, and permitting the building of the
road at a comparatively very low rate.
Don Manual Escardon, the richest banker in
Mexico, lias recently taken a large interest in one
of the Railroads now building, and it is expected
will embark very heavily in the Vera Cruz road.
Generally, a disposition to embark in, the great
industrial enterprises and improvements of the age.
seems to be manifestly taking the place of that fe
verish desire for political change which has so long
proved a curse to Mexico, and has beeu the great
bar to her progress.
California. —The news from California —Sau
Francisco dates to the 20th ult.—is not of impor
tance. We copy the following from the fortnight’s
summary of the Bulletin :
Our readers abroad will find but little of startling
interest in the news from this side of the
by the present steamer. TL' i past fifteen days have
succeeded each other, without the happening of any
event calculated to excite people at home, or attract
attention at the East, Old Time has jogged along
over the mountains in gulches of California, as tran
quilly as he does over the smooth faces of older
countries, where surfaces have been levelled and
macadamised by thejaclionof rolling ages. Our farm
ers are busy with their crop 3 ; aud notwithstanding
that there has beeu some complaint on account of
the lack of rain, we are assured the harvest will be
a rich one—both in quality aud quantity. Mining
operations are fully as vigorously carried on as ever
before at this season o f the year, and with certainly
as much success—so that our present quiet ia only
indicative oF the general satisfaction and prosperity
of a people engrossed in their own affairs, and busy
in adding to their possessions and the wealth of the
I to untry.
| In San Francisco, considerable conversation was
occasioned by proceedings taken by the Finance
Committee to suspend the City and County Trea
surer, R. E. Woods, whom they charge with a defal
cation of $5,000. Mr. Woods at first resisted the
order of the court for kina to deliver up Ids office,
and threatened to repel any attempt to take it by
force ; but subsequently he became convinced of
his error, as well of his inability to.maintain his po
sition, and quietly surrendered to the proper au
thorities. The excitement attendant on this little
episode iu California official conduct was brief. An
investigation of the accounts of the office is now
going on under the supervision of competent hands,
and astonishing results are anticipated.
Rowe, the contumacious clerk of ex-Treasurer
Bates, who was committed to prison for contempt
in not answering certain questions concerning the
missing money, is still in jail at Sacramento. He
lately made another attempt to escape by habeas
corpus , but failed.
The various political parties are beginning again
to wake up to life and activity. There evidently is
a split in the Democratic ranks—Mr. Broderick
leading one wing, which is understood to stand on
a platform of opposition, if not to the Administra
tion. yet to the California appointees of Mr. Bu
chanan. This wing is making desperate efforts to
carry the State in the fall, and thus show the Presi
dent that his officers are unpopular at home. To
this wing are. of course, opposed the strength of the
new office-holders and their dependants. The lat
ter put forward Mr. Weller for Governor ; the for
mer, it is supposed, will endeavor to secure the
nomination of Mr. McCorkle. In this contest, the
Democratic press are becoming very bitter and ae
i rimonious towards each other—indulging in severe
| criminations and serious charges—which, as a gene
| ral thing, are believed by honest folks to be respec
-1 tively true. The Democratic Convention will be
! held in Sacramento on the 14th of July. The Re
publicans meet on July Sth.
Mr. Broderick created some excitement in politi
cal circles by.publishmg. on the Sth of June, at Sa
cramento, the first paper for the press to which he
ever attached his name. It was intended as a con
tradiction of the rumors that he was hostle to the
Administration, which he denies. He also denied
his belief in the allegation that Mr. Gwiu had viola
ted his faith by meddling in the bestowal of public
patronage ; and attributed his defeat with the Pre
sident to a combination against him of the two
members of the lower House of Congress, the ex-
Senator and the ex-Congressmen ; and also to the
fact that his friends are not skilled in office-hunting
—never having been of the class of office-holders or
seekers! This latter statement has occasioned
several witty sallies at the new Senator's expense
—and unless it be supposed that his letter was de
signed rather to conceal than to convey his mean
ing—it must be regarded as a very tamely written
affair. . _ . . ,
The “Settlers’ are again bestirring themselves m
anticipation of the political campaign, having held
meetings in various sections, preparatory to a State
organization of their forces, in this city they have
resolved to support no man for office who is not
committed to their views, and to this end to cast
aside all party ties and political affinities in the lo
cai elections' This “settler element” threatens to
in the coining election.
The news from Salt Lake City has excited a deep
teeling in California against the Mormons. The
conviction its becoming general that the Govern
ment must exert its wnUtary power for the suppres
sion of this horde of vile tr*ufcors ; and should such &
course be adopted, our State wili not be backward
in furnishing its quota of soldiers when they are
needed in eueh a cause.
4 ojnwts-y’ ( ;u at p Rtiuen «.**emb!cd at Ss*
crauKomo > iSthicst.. for the purpose of effect
;ng perffiiw ent state organization, and iuterchacg
vis d concerning their business. This meeting
'• an looked forward to with much interest, and
certainly be productive of good.
The Crabb Expedition. —The following article
from the San Jose Tribune throws some additional
light upon the objects of the expedition. The name
of the ooy who was spared at Cavorco, and
now obliged to bear arms in the Mexican ranks, is,
it will be seen, Charles Evans:
“Maj. R. C. Wood and Maj. Tozer, who. with the
exception of the boy Charles Eqans—detained by
the Mexicans in Sonora, are the only survivors of
the ill-fated expedition under Gen Crabb, arrived
in San Jose from Lcs Angelos on Wednesday even
ing, and proceeded to San Francisco yesterday.
We had the pleasure of a long conversation with
these gentlemen, and learn from them that the last
accounts received concerning the fate of that ex
pedition were nearly correct.
’‘When Gen. Crabb ascertained the probability
that he would not be received and supported by
the party who had iuvited him into the country, he
sent Majors Wood and Tozer around through the
Gadsden Purchase, to cellect re-ieforcements and
rejoin him at Cavorca. Instead of the large party
they expected to muster, they succeeded in getting
together only twenty-six men, all told. \\ ith this
small party they proceeded to Cavorca, and being
attacked on the road by a body of four or tive hun
dred Mexicans, fought their way through to within
half a mile of the town, but being unable to effect
a junction with Crabb, made good their retreat, on
foot, a distance of one hundred and twenty-five
miles through a daeert, to the Gadsden Purchase,
without any refreshments save the fruit of the cat- -
tus. constantly waylaid and liarrassed by the enemy
to the number of five hundred; having lost in the
whole trip but four men killed and three wounded.
They must have killed between sixty aud a hun
dred of the enemy. They were atone tufce .sepa
rated into small squads. While in this condition, a
patty of three were attacked by forty-eight Mexi
cans, whom they fought for three days, audsueefed
ed in keeping them at bay escaping at last into
the Purchase.
“Gen. Crabb, after leaving Sonora, was overta
ken by Capt. McKinney and his party, (who had re
mained behind with the sick and wounded.) and en
tered Cavorca with 110 men. At the time of their
capture this number was reduced to 59, who were
ali shot immediately, and not kept until next day as
heretofore reported. Gen. Crabb was allowed a
respite of two hours to write letters, which, being
of course in the hands of the Mexicans, will never
be forwarded, unless unexceptionable to them in
their tenor. The Mexicans were about two thou
sand strong.
“Gen. Crabb might have made a sally from the
town under cover of night, and many of the men
have effected their escape ; but he was momentari
ly- in expectation of being joined by Mr. Wood,
(whose rifles mu3t have been heard in the fort,) with
a large reinfoi cement from the Purchase. He was
also looking daily for a strong body cf recruits who
were axpected from San Francisco bv water, and
of whose arrival in Sonora he had received notice.
Among the officers who condemned the Americans
to death, and ordered them to execution, were more
than one whose signatures were attached to the
letters inviting them to come to tlie country, and
promising them a peaceable and hospitable recep.
tion.
“The character of this expedition, as is now very
generally cuuoeued, differed widely and honorably
from an ordinary filibustering campaign ; and this
fact, coupled with the foul treachery and cowardly
cruelty exhibited by the Mexicans throughout the
whole affair, has kindled in the American mind a
feeling of indignation towards the kilter, aud of
sympathy with their victims, which requires b-‘ t
very little fanning to manifest itself in a e [ ia p e
somewhat more objectionable in its f - a},.!
in its results boding no good to l!16
ana Peequieras of Sonora.
1,5 ~icc—Trade—3loney.
r ureign rtONEY Matters, Trade, &c. —Wil-
Lmti tit* European Times, of the 27th ult.,
£ lv . <s the following items, under date of Friday even
ing ;
position of the Bank of England is highly
satisfactory, owing to the continued influx of gold
into its cellars, and confident anticipations are en
tertained that should the rates of exchange per next
overland mail not prove extremely unfavorable, a
reduction of the rate of discount of ¥ cent, will
be early resolved upon. Meanwhile the demand
for money, both at the Bank of England and at the
discount houses, continues active, and the minimum
rate has been generally maintained, while on the
Stock Exchange 5 ¥ cent, is the rate for short loans
on government securities. The large import of spe
cie this week from the United States, which has
rarely, if ever, been exceeded in amount, has been
viewed with general satisfaction, aud further large
supplies are looked for from the same quarter.—
Several of the Australian gold laden vessels are
now over due, aud may be looked for at any mo
ment. The greater portion of the recent arrivals
have been sold to the Ba.uk, and those for some time
to come are likely to find their way to the same des
tination, aud thus, the stock of bullion being in
creased considerably, a more ea&y state of the mo
ney market may be shortly looked for. Referring
to the position and prospects of the Bank of France,
the city writer of the Times says:
“Notwithstandingthe reduction of £BOO,OOO which
has occurred during the last ten days in the stock
of bullion iu the Bank, the directors of that insti
tution decided yesterday to lower their rate of dis
coont. It is believed that the step is virtually to
be attributed to goverumeut compulsion, and it was
fully understood that, whateY’er might be the amount
of individual opposition, the government would cer
tainly not abandon their point. The government
are, doubtless, rendered sanguine by the prospects
of the harvest, and impatient to snatcii its benefits
without w aiting for it to be safe from all contingen
cies. Os course, if any untow’ard event were to
happen* the position would be one of great danger;
but if financial institutions are to be n ade subser
vient to political motives, risks of that fcort must be
run. The worst danger lies in the U3e which the
precedent is likely to be t put to for the future.”
The return Irom the Bank of England for the week
ending the 20th cf June gives the folio wing results,
when compared with the previous weeK :
Public deposits £7,799,002.... Increr.se.. £ 193,G:iti
Other deposits 9,298,594 Deere ase.. .142,584
Rest 3,353,074 lneret ise 19,500
On the other side of the account:
Goverum’t securities£lo,327,222 Inerea se.. ..£1,091
Other securities 18,481,953.... Decrei ise. - -197,245
Notes unemployed 6,107,805 Increase 183,615
The amount of notes in circulation is 18,803,825,
being an increase of and the stock of bul
lion in both departments is £11,172,862, showing an
increase of £263,607, when compared \yith the pre
ceding return.
ISSUE DEPARTMENT.
Notes issued £2.4,911,630
Government debt 11,015,100
Other securities 3,459,1)00
Gold Coin aud Bullion 10,436,63 d
Silver Bullion
BA NKIN G PEl* ARTM E NT.
Proprietor’s capital 14,553,0*)()
Rest 3,353,0(74
Public deposits (including Exche
quer, Savings Banks, Commis
sioners of National Debt, aud Di
vidend Accounts) 7,799,6 f )2
Other deposits 9,298,504
Seven Days and other Bills 618,9-12
Government Securities (including
Dead Weight Annuity) 10,327,222
Other Securities 18,481,9.' >3
Notes 6,107,805
Gold and Silver Coin 736,2 J 2
Foreign Exchanges were quoted this afternoon as
follows:—Amsterdam short, 11 to 18; Rotter
dam, tliree months, 12J to 12£ ; Antwerp do., 25 47$
to 25 55; Brussels, do., 25 47£ to 25 55 ; Hamburg,
do. 13 8f to 13 8$; Paris, short, 25 221 t(»25 321 ; do.
three months, 25 GO to 25 70; Marseilles, do. 25 67f
to 25 72£ ; Frankfort, do., 119£ ; Vienna, do., 10 28
to 10 31 ; Trieste, do. 10 30 to 10 32;
do., 36) to 37 ; Madrid, do , 48£ to 48
The British Funds continue to sho’ v a total ab
sence of animation, and there is no appearance of
revival from the general stagnation wluch prevailed
last week in all the departments of th 3 Stock Ex
change. The operations daily are altogether too
limited to exercise much iiiftuenee on quotations.—
Yesterday the funds remained without the slighest
alteration. Console for 9th July were again quoted
throughout the day 93) to lex div. Bank Stock
left off’ at 2.12) to 2.14 ; Reduced 92) to 93; New
1 hree per Cents 92) to 93; Exchequer Bonds 8) to
9J; India Bonds 8s to 4s discount; and Exchequer
bills 5s discount to par. To-day the funds were
stationary in price, with very little business. —
Consols for account closed »at 93) to ); money,
shut; Exchequer Bills, 3s to ) discount; Three
and-a-Quarter per Cents 92) to 93; Bank Shares,
2.12a2J4.
The following table will show the fluctuations in
Consols since the 16th inst. :
For Money. For Account.
June. Low’st. High’st. Clos’g. Low’st. Highest. Clos'g.
Sat.. .. 20.. shut.. shut.. shut 93 93f 931
Mon 22.. shut.. shut..shut 93'... 93 § 931
Tues 21.. shut.. shut.. shut 931...933 931
Wed... -24.. shut. .shut, .shut 93i.. .931 931
Tliur 25. .shut..shut, .shut 931.. .933 932
Friday.. -26.. shut.. shut.. shut 931 • • 931 931
In Foreign Securities the dealings have been un
marked by any feature of general interest. A slight
improvement has taken place in Turkish Stocks—
the Six per Cents being last quoted at 96) to ), and
the Four per Cents Guaranfceed.lOl) to 102). Yes
terday the bargains comprised—Guatamala Five
per Cents 55: Portuguese Three per Cents 465; Sar
dinian Five per cents for the account, 892; Spanish
Three per cents 42); the New Deferred 26); Span
ish'Certificates 62 per cent; and Belgian Four-and
a Half per cents 981 and 97).
The Cotton market has again manifested a firm
and hardening tendency. The demand from the
trade, speculators and exporters has been daily ac
tive, whilst holders have evinced but little desire to
sell except at extreme rates. Buyers, consequently,
(especially of the middling qualities of American)
have fouud it difficult to operate satisfactorily, and
have now to pay a shade dearer prices, amounting
occasionally to )d per lb. compared with last Fri
day’s quotations. Brazil, Egyptian and Surat have
been much inquired for, and are a shade dearer,
l-16d to )d advance being paid in many instances.
Tiie sales to day are 8,000 bales, 2,000 on specula
tion and for export. The total sales this week are
60,700 bales, of which speculators have taken 3700
American, 690 Egyptian, 550 Bahia, 1200 Pernarr.,
and 1620 Surat . exporters 4860 American, 750 Pex
nam, 160 Bahia, 1680 Surat, and 50 Bengal, thr.s
leaving 45,440 bales, al! kinds to the trade.
The authorized quotations are as follow—
Fair Boweds, 8 5-16 d.; Mobile Bfd.; New Or
leans S)d.
The Iron trade is quiet, but prices are firm. * No
change is expected at the coming quarterly me et
ing. Bars iu Wales are quoted at £7 I Os. to £7 15a.
Bars in Scotland, £8 10s. to £O. Pigs in Glasgow,
mixed numbers, cash, 765. Quotations in Liver
pool : —Merchant Bars, £8 ; Nail Rods, £8 15s;
Hoops, £1055. ; Sheets, £lO Is.
Iu the manufacturing districts the state of trade
has been favorably influenced by the lowering of
the rate of discount, but there has not been much
increase in activity. The advance in the price of
Cotton checks business in Manchester, inducing
sellers to demand higher prices, which is not at all
relished by consumers, who are very cautious in
their operations. In some descriptions of Yarns an j
improvement of )d per lb. lias taken place, but I
Cloths are without any material change in value. J
Stocks are considerably lessened, owing to the short [
time movement, and measures are being taken in j
many of the districts for continuing the short pro- \
duction throughout the month of July. Two small
failures are announced, but |they are of an unim- {
portant <#e.racter, and the effects will only, it is !
said, be felt locally. Very little change has taken
place in the Woolen trade. Stocks of plain goods
of ail kinds are increasing—the country buyers be- j
iug disinclined to operate to any extent. For fancy ;
descriptions the demand continues good, and sales
to a large extent are effected in mixtures Trans- !
actions are said to be fully as extensive and satis- j
factory as could be expected at this season of the ;
year. From Nottingham the reports describe an
improvement in Lace, and larger purchases ; but j
Hosiery was in very dull request, and priees tended l
downwards. Tjje Iron trade is in a good condition, [
both as regards demand and value, while the local |
occupations of Birmingham, owing to the reaction ]
caused by the reduction of prices o£ Tin and Cop- j
per, are fully employed at remunerative rates. i
Sad Affair. —A few days ago, in Liberty town- j
ship, Ohio, a young woman was so much affected
while reading a piece of poetry entitled, “Do they
miss me at home,’’ that ehe fainted. Her mother,
supposing that she was dying, became terribly ex
cited, causing the rupture of a blood vesseL, and she
died in less than an hour. The daughter was in
sensible for about fifteen minutes, and then re
covered.
The Poppy—A letter received at the Patent Os- I
fiee.-from Germany, says the poppy ia cultivated in
Southern Germany to a large extent as a substitute
for sweet oil. It has supplanted the use of the im
ported olive oil wholly in that country. It is further
stated that the soil and climate of the New England
States are highly suited for the culture of this arti
cle, and they might provide the whole union with
sweet oil, and therefore save a large etun of money
which goes to France and Italy. Its cultivation
would be remunerative.
Woman’s Forgiveness.—lt is impossible to con
ceive a woman so atrociously offended by the man
whom she has loved, but what she will retain a
fund of forgiveness, upon which his penitence,
whether real or affected, may draw largely with a
certainty that iiis bills w ill be answered. —Sir Wn\
er Scott.
WEEKLY
Cbnmulc & Ikntuui.
AUGUSTA, GA.
WEDNESDAY MORNING, JI LT 15, 185?.
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Chronicle if* Sentinel during th'3 campaign can
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The American Convention.
The reader has e.lready been advised of the re
sult of the labors of the American State Conven
tion, held in Milled* ;eville on the Btli inst., and we
to-day present- a detail of the proceedings, to which
we cordie.ily invite the attention of every Georgian.
Os the personal of the Convention we need not
speak to meLi who are extensively acquainted iu
Georgia. Such, need not be told, that it was com
posed oC a body of men, rarely, if ever, surpassed
in tills Sf ate, for intelligence and respectability.—
Nor wii’i they be surprised to learn, that the delib-.
eration 3 of such a band of patriots, were character
ized by the utmost harmony and good feeling.—
Believing that the administration of the State and
gene ral governments are not in safe hands for the
great interests of the South, like true patriots they
assembled not to wrangle about the spoils, but to
unite their calm p.nd dispassionate counsels for the
deliverance of the country from misrule and agita
tion. The occasion was replete with grave impor
tance, and they met it as became freemen aud
American citieens, as their platform of principles
abundantly attests. To that platform we invite the
attention and careful consideration of every South
ern man, of whatever shade of political opinion.—
Read it. and re-read it, and weigh well every sen
tence and word; and ascertain, if you cau, if the
slightest exception can or should be teken to it by
any Southern patriot. The entire South have a com
mon interest at stake in this great issue, and every
man owes it to himself and to the country to disen
thral himself from the prejudices of party, and
come up to the investigation, like a true hearted
Southern patriot—to rise superior to party, and
strike for the country.
Os the nomination we shall only eay, it tvas made
by acclamation, amid a demonstration of enthusiasm
we have never seeu equaled. Os the nominee, we
shall not trespass upon the patience and intelligence
of the reader to speak but a word. He is known—
he is a mau of mark, and has already made his
mark upen the history aud men of his day. The
people of Georgia know Benjamin 11. llill. No
mau asks, “who is Ben liiU V'
The Georgia Democracy—The Administration.
The intelligent reader is well aware, that the
Georgia D mocratic Convention, made war upon
and denounend Gov. Walker for his course in
Kansas, and demanded his recall by the President
while they stultified themselves by expressing their
■ndiminished confidence in Mr. Buchanan —and
all too, when it was well known, that Walker’s In
augural was written before he left Washington City,
was submitted to Mr. Buchanan, and received his
hearty approval, lie therefore went to Kansas
with his Inaugural iu his pocket, which had been
endorsed by Mr. Buchanan. What prospect is
there then that Walker will be recalled, as deman
ded by the Georgia Democracy ? None whatever,
lie is vindicated, and his course approved by
Mr. Buchanan, as is clearly shown by the article
which we copy to day from the Washington Union.
to which we invite the attention of every reader of
this journal. What then will the Georgia Democ
racy do in this emergency ? Will they denounce the
President, as some of their speakers pledged in the
Convention, or will they still endeavor to make
Walker the victim and let the President go un
scathed ? We imagine there will be some prompt
backing down in Georgia very soon—the signs por
tend a complete, utter and disgraceful back out.
Ethel SomerH.
This work, from the pen of a citizen of Augusta,
has been on our table for some days, but we have
delayed acknoweledging its receipt, that we might
have an opportunity of judging more fully of its
merits. As a production of a Southern author, and
a defence of Southern rights, we have been led to
peruse it with more than ordinary interest. The
story is a beautiful and pleasing one, and displays
a well cultivated literary taste, and a suggestive and
fertile imagination. Some of the characters are
beautifully drawn, and are withal so life-like and
natural that every one who reads may find their
counterpart in real life. The prominent characters
introduced are made to discuss the great political
question of the day, and the arguments on both
sidesare laid down with force and rigor, but with
no spiteful virulence or malignity. Our readers
will find the volume both interesting and instruc
tive. It may be found at H. D. Norrll's Book
store.
To Contractors. —An advertisement will be
found in our columns inviting proposals for the
construction of an immense reservoir at New York,
covering upwards of one hundred acres of land, and
thirty-six feet in depth. For further particulars see
the advertisement.
Fine Oats.—Mr. Jacob Puirtup has sent us
from his plantation on the line of the Georgia Rail
road a sample of oats, the heads of which measure
upwards of eignteen inches in length. Accounts
from all parts of the State represent the oat-crop
as being very fine.
University of Louisville—Medical Depart
ment.—The attention of those interested is invited
to the advertisement of this institution in thiß day’s
paper. The new College Edifice, rebuilt and re
furnished in a very superior style, we learn, will be
in readiness for the class in October.
Illinois Railroad Lands. —Persons desirous to
obtain pamphlets giving a minute description of the
lands of the Illinois Central Railroad Company,
which are now offered for sale, can do so by calling
at the office of the Adams Express Company.
The “Union” on Kansas. —The Washington
Union, of Thursday, argues to show that extremists
of both South and North are alike enemies of the
people of Kansas, in seeking to mould their institu
tions to suit their own views of what may be best
for the future of the said people of Kansas. The
same journal commences the publication of a serieß
of papers on Kansas affairs, evidently in explana
tion of the views of the government upon them. —
Its article embraces a history of the Kansas-Ne
braska act, an exposition of its principle, and of
President Buchanan’s pledges concerning it.
Dr. Wm. J. Holt, of this city, says the Consti
tutionalist, has just received, through the Russian
Minister to this country, the “ decoration ” of Com
mander of the Imperial order of St. Stanislas, in
cot sideration of his valuable servicee during the
! late campaign in the Crimea. The cross is of mas
sive gold and beautifully wrought Dr. Holt was
appointed member of the order of St. Anne while
still in the service of Russia, and that this second
Compliment, now that he ha 3 left the service, testi
fies to the Czar’s gratitude and high appreciation of
the ability with which the Surgeon’s duties were
discharged.
The policy of the Administration in reference to
j Kansas affairs, says the Eufaula (Ala.) Native,
j seems to meet the cordial approbation of the entire
Black Republican party. Why should not the
| Northern Democracy, with some few exceptions,
1 form a combination with the “Black Republicans ?”
I They agree precisely upon at least two practical
questions—the abolitionizing of Kansas and their
I inveterate hostility to the principles and policy of
: the American party. And who knows that in 1860,
Root. J. Walker may be the Democratic Black Re
publican candidate for the Presidency. And .James
Buctianau will be another practical illustration of a
Northern Democracy with Southern principles. A
fit subject to follow in the foot-steps of the “Sage of
Kinderhook.”
Hungry for the Spoils.—Nathan L. Hutch
! ins has declared himself an independent Democrat
; ic candidate to represent the Sixth District in the
i next Congress, Ja»e3 Jackson, (the regular nomi
!"'nee) J. P. Simmons and N. L. Hutchins, all Demo
crats, are the only candidates—only three!
Col. N. L. Hutchins, who has been reported to
be an independent candidate for Congress in the
Sixth District, publishes acard, denying the correct
ness of the report.
Demand for Vv’heat. —Mr. John Cashin ad
vertises for 30,000 bushels of wheat, for which the
highest market price will be paid.
Another Great Race —Another great race has
been agreed upon in Albany, N. Y., between Elijah
Simmons and Andrew Dalton, winner of the twenty
mile race on Wednesday last. Simmons bets SIOOO
that he can beat the time made by Dalton—72 min
utes 54 seconds —a distance of twenty miles ; he
(Simmons) to name any home he raay see fit to se
lect for the race. The forfeit money has been de
posited, and the track named—PafTs new course
The race is to take place within two months. The
time made on Wednesday is the best on record,
with one exception, and the sport will therefore be
exciting.
The (iforsln and flcmormry
nonneed “hasty,** “harsh, »> nnd “nngracl*
There cau no longer be any doubt, says the
Charleston Courier , that the President and his Cabi
net, in which there are four Southern men and three
Northern meD, have indorsed the Walker treason
agaipst the South. The official organ, the miniate
rial journal, the Washington Union, has put
forth an elaborate defence aud justification Os Gov.
Walker's inaugural addiess*to tUe people of Kan
sas, and rebukes the Democratic State Conventions
of Georgia and Mississippi, as “hasty, harsh, and
ungracious.” In one place, it says—“we are con
straineij to think that the Georgia and Mississippi
democracy have pronounced their judgment rather
hastily” ; and, in another, in allusion to the action
of those portions of the democracy of the Union, it
adds—“with such a battle, raging in his (Walker's)
front, it was harsh and ungracious to open this fire
on his rear.” We feel no doubt that the voice ot
the two portions of the Southern democracy, which
have already spoken, has but given expression to
the general sentiment of both the democrats and the
Old Line Whigs of the South; and that the patriots
of the South, without distinction of party, will be
ungracious enough to withdraw’ their confidence
from both Mr. Buchanan and the Southern mem
bers of his cabinet, unless speedy and ample attone
ment be made for the late betrayal, of Southern
Rig litis and interests.
It is too palpable to admit of question, that Secre
tary aud Gov. Walker, either by the in
struction or;with the sanction of President Buchan'
an and his Cabinet, have grossly, offensively and
dictatorially interfered to r.-nder Kansas a non
elaveholding State, by either procuring the adop
tion of a constitution ignoring the question of slave
ry, or by encouraging popular opposition to a pro
slavery constitution, and threatening its rejection
by Congress, unless submitted to the people, or
rather to the actual residents of Kansas, for ratifi
cation or rejection ; and all tins accompanied with
an elaborate argument to show that nature has for
bidden the domestication of slavery in that region.
This we hold to be in direct violation of the
great and cardinal principles of the Kansas
Nebraska act, which is non-interference with the
question of slavery, or m other words, “ to leave
the people of Kansas perfectly free in adopting
a State Constitution, to decide on question of
slavery for themselves.” What freedom is left,
when the Executive appointees of the Secretaryship
and Chief Magistracy of the Territory, backed by
the Executive authority of the Union, declare to the
people of Kansas that the edict of God and nature
lias forbidden the introduction of African slavery
among them ; that it is their inherent, fundamental,
and unalienable right to give the final vote on the State
Constitution, which their ConY’ention may adopt,
and that, if that Convention (which it was well
known would be a pro-slavery body,) should dare
to violate the inherent, fundamental, and unaliena
ble right of the people, Congress should interpose
for its vindication by rejecting the Constitution.
What is this but Executive dictation of the most
gross, offensive, and objectionable character—auc}
its impropriety becomes only the more flagrant ,
when it is considered that the dictate rial interference
in question is exerted in behalf of, or as a concession
to a party in open contumacy aud rebellion against
constituted authority. We have not time, at pre
sent; to review the special pleading of the Execu
tive Qnd Cabinet organ ; it is sufficient to say that
no special pleading, however skilful, can ailord
even a decent apology for sueli monstrous interfe
rence with popular rights and State Rights, and
for such gross betrayal of the confidence of the
South, by the administration of its choice and its
creation.
The Savannah Democracy. -Tho Republican,
of Friday says :—The Savannah Democracy held
their Gubernatorial Ratification Meetiuglast night,
aud upon passing the Hall at a very late hour,
we found matters emphatically in that interesting
state generally denominated a “stew.” We did not
go in, but to an outsider the cauldron appeared
wrought up to a white heat, and “bubble, bubble,
toil and trouble,” were evidently the order of pro
ceedings. We cau make but a minute, from infor
mation derived from a friend :
Mr. Joseph Brown was endorsed ns a marvelous
proper man for the executive chair of Georgia.
On motion, the meeting resolved to ignore all
other proceedings ot the Djmocratic Convention,
except the nomination. They were evidently afraid
to trust themselves on that newly constructed plat
form of their old line Whig leaders. One prominent
actor in the meeting is said to have declared, that
he had never made war upon a Democratic admin
istration, and did not intend to be forced into such
a position now.
The Holmesville and Brunswick rival Conven
tions were brought up, and the cream of the pro
ceedings is said to have settled on this question.—
The war was fierce and much bad blood is said to
have showed itself. The result was, Holmesville
triumphed, and Brunswick, Seward, and the Mii
ledgeville caucus were thrown overboard.
Mr. Gaulding was present as asp ectatoi, and
made a speech upon the call of his friends, for
which a prominent speaker of the evening charged
him with indelicacy. This again stirred up the
souls, and the cauldron waxed still hotter.
The following delegates were appointed to the
Holmesville Convention :
E. L. Hollis, D, R. Dillon, W. S. Dauiell, J. S.
V r illalonga, Thos. W. Collins.
Among the incidents of the evening, Col. Eden
was called on fora speech, and being about to re
spond, was choked down by the “noise and contu
sion” aided by a motion to adjourn.
The meeting adjourned about midnight, and is
said, upon the whole, in the “rich, rare and racy,”
to 6tand without a parallel.
A New Theory. —A writer iu the National In
telligencer is advocating the theory that the moon
is simply the indicator of the earth's electric changes,
and that the moon itself has no appreciable effect
upon this planet—that the moon is a fragment of the
earth, is negative to it, and revolves upon its own
axis, within the earth’s atmosphere ; that the earth
is inveloped in an ocean of electric vapor, dense
and compound upon its solid surface, whose gases
separate, however, as they deepen outward, the rare
always emanating from and resting on the more dense,
until we reach in outward order fluorine, electricity
and magnetism, that subtle element pervading all
space ; aud that, observing the various atmospheric
strata above and the solid strata below us, it is not
difficult to perceive that men, animals and vegeta
ble forms are existing in the centre of the earth’s
stratification. The electric lines of variation are
those extending from the north to the south pole ;
the dia-magnetic or dia-electric lines are those ex
tending around the earth from west to east, and are
ever variable. It is the variableness of these dia
electric currents, says this writer, that produce all
the phenomena attributed to the influence of the
moon upon the earth.
Western Banks. —The St. Louis Intelligencer
states that an immense demand had been made on
the Western banks, during the past few months, for
the redemption of their Dotes in specie. The banks
of Kentucky, Indiana, Ohio, Illinois, and Wiscon
sin have felt the drain, and it would probably not be
far out of the way to place the amount of notes on
the banks of the States named that have been re
deemed in coin since the first of March, at $5,000,-
000.
Slaves Liberated. —Col. Thomas Hite, aided by
other citizens of Jefferson county, Virginia, set free
eighty of their slaves on Thursday last. The Colo
nel, as the agent of the owners, accompanied them
to Middlebnrg, Pa., when, handing each individual
forty dollars in money, and equipping them all with
sufficient clothing, they were set at liberty, with
the chance of starving.
Flow of Silver to the East. —The Bombay
Times says that, immense as was the import of
bullion in the last official year, it has already been
far exceeded in the nine months which have thus
far elapsed in the current one. The editorremarks:
“ Now, if we take as the starting point of the re
cent demand for silver the year 1850-’sl, and Com
pare the average of the seven last years with that
of the sixteen preceding, we find that for the former
we have an annual amount of the precious metals
retained in the country of £5,500,000, against an
annual accumulation of only £2,000,000 previously.
In other words, India is wealthier to-day by nearly
forty scores of rupees than she was in 1851) in the
precious metals alone, making no account whatever
of her increased wealth in landed and personal pro
perty, and in public and private works of improve
ment throughout the vast extent of her territory.
Death of Wm. Ogden Niles —This gentleman,
well known throughout the political circles of the
country, died in Philadelphia Wednesday afternoon
after a severe illness of a day or two’s duration.—
Mr. Niles was a son of the late Ilezekiah Niles, the
founder of Niles’ Register, and succeeded his father
in the publication of that national work, which be
edited with marked ability. He was appointed to a
position in the pension office on the incoming of
Gen Harrison’s administration, the duties of which
he discharged in an acceptable manner up to the
time of bis death. When that event occurred he
was in Philadelphia on business connected with the
general government.
Negroes in Connecticut. —The Black Repub
lican Legislature of Connecticut passed resolves
against the decision of the Supreme Court that ne
groes are not citizens of the United States. But it
was not expected that the same Legislature would -
refuse to alter their State constitution so as to per
mit the negroes to vote! Yet they have done this
at their recent session.
Emigration West. —The Herald of Freedom of
the 27th ult., estimates the influx of population to
Kansas the present eeaaon at 30,000, and is of
opinion that before winter sets in 100,000 will have
been added to the permanent population of the
territory. Meantime the human current pours on
with undiminiahed volume. Many stop in West
ern Missouri and others eontii ue on to Northern
Texas. There is a regular stream of emigrants
flowing south through Lawrence and other places
in Kansas, says the Herald, to the number of hun
dreds a day looking for wanner climate.
The Weat her of J une. —The mean temperature
of June, as ascertained by the thermometer at the
Pennsylvania Hospital, in Philadelphia, was 69J
degrees, which is 2 degrees below the average of the
laßt 32 years, and is the coolest June since 1810.—
The Ledger says :
The mercury indicated a temperature of 80 de
grees on the 26th, which was the highest of the
month, and of 53 degrees on the 6th, which was the
lowest. The amount of rain was 7 j inches. In
June, 1855, there fell within a fraction of 8 inches,
viz : 7.94 inches, which is the greatest amount on
record at the hospital for June. The average
amount of rain for June for the last 20 years is Jjf
inches.
Swamp Lands in Florida and MisSotri. A
patent in favor of the State of Florida for Swamp
and overflowed lands, in accordance with the ait
approved September 28tb, 1856, embracing Tip
wards of 157,000 acres, bas just been issued by the
General Land Office A similar patent for 4,000
acres will shortly be ! favor of the State ol J
Missouri.
New Booh*
Arrit fuf?'? lu,(titrated Hand Book oi‘ Atouu
can Travel. By T. Addison Richards. New
York : D. Appleton <fc Co.
This is a full and reliable guide by Railway, Steam
boat and Stage, to the cities, towns, water-falls,
battle-fields, mountains, livers, lakes, hunting and
fishing grounds, watering places, summer resorts,
and all scenes and objects of importance and inie
rest in the United States and the British Provinces,
with careful maps of all parts of the country, and
pictures of famous places and scenes, from original
drawings. Ft contains full and complete descrip
tions of all places of resort and travel, histories of
battles, from which the battle-grounds have derived
the r celebrity, and legendary stories of mountains
and waterfalls. It is one of the most complete di
rectories of where to go and haw to go, that could he
condensed into a portable volume.
For sale by Geo. A. Oates Ac llro.
Demosthenes' Philippics, A c.—
Translated by Charles K. Kennedy. New
York : Harper Ac Brothers.
This is another addition to Harper's valuable
classical Library. It is in two handsome bound
volumes, and is prefaced with an able review or
criticism of Lord Brougham's Lei.and’s, Fra nci.-J,
and other translations. It is a thorough readable
translation, iu eschewing all Greek phrases and
Greek words. Anglicised, the translation, though
sometimes imperfectly describing the thing intend
ed, being far preferable to no translation at all.
The work may be said to embrace brevity and sim
plicity of style, together with the choice of apt and
forcible 1 words. These are the most essential ele
ments of a good translation, and*we do not hesitate
to recommend this as an excellent classical work.
It is for sale by Thos. Richards A Son.
The Professor. By Currkr Bell, author of
“Jane Eyre.” “ Shirley,'’ Aco. New York : Har
per Ac Brothers.
This book, the author says, was written before
either “Jane Eyre” or “Shirley,” but was witli
lie’d from publication. The well known ability and
widely extended popularity of the author is a suf
ficient guaranty for its excellence. The cliaraoter o'
the story is foreshadowed in the author’s preface :
“ I said to myself that my hero should work hi.?
way through life as 1 had seen real living men work
their’s; that he should never get a shilling lie ha !
not earned; that no sudden turns should lift him in
a moment to wealth and high station; that what
ever small competency he might gain should be won
by the sweat of his brow: that, before he could find
so much as an arbor to sit down in, he should mas
ter at least half the ascent of ‘the Hill of Difiicu!
ty that he should not even marry a beautiful giil
nor a lady of rank. As Adam’s son, he should
share Adam’s doom, and drain throughout life
mixed and moderate cup of enjoyment.’’
For sale by Thus. Richards & Son.
The Romany Rye. A Sequel to Lavengro. By
George Borrow, author of “The Bible in
Spain,” “ The Gipsies ot Spain,” Ac. New York
Harper Brothers.
Those who read this book with attention may de
rive much information in regard to matters of phi
- ology and literature.
For sale by Thos* Richards Son.
Salt Lake Mails.— One of the best things yet
done by the administration of President Buchanan
has just dome to light iu a western paper. It ap
pears that the Postmaster at Independence, Mo.»
has received an official notice from the Postmaster
General that the contract fortcarrying the mails from
thence to the Salt Lake has been set aside ; and I o
is therefore ordered to withhold the mails until fur
ther orders. This is done by virtue of a right al
ways reserved by the department, to rescind mail
contracts on giving due notice and one month’s pay
to contractors. 111 this case the contract was taken
by a company of Mormons at Salt Lake city, who
have already made several trips under it. So gen
eral were the complaints of the mails having been
violated and letters opened, especially the corres
pondence of the government officials, that it be
came quite evident these Mormon contractors were
mere tools of Brigham Young. The administration
has also taken another step toward insuring tlm
faithful performance of the mail service in Utah. A
postmaster had, it seems, been appointed for Salt
Lake city, who was not a Mormon. His commis
sion was forwarded to him,’but never reached its
destination, and duplicate copies failed likewise.
In fact, he was not recognised by Brigham Young.
He has now received his commission in person at
YVashington, together with full instructions as to
his course, and will be]sent out supported by a pro
tecting military force.
The Savannah River Road. —lt would seem,
says the Edgefield Advertiser , that this enterprise
is not yet dead. The Abbeville Ind'/tcndcn>. Pres
gives a glowing account of a festive gathering at
Lowudesville, on the 1 Ith ult., upon which occasion
the President of the Valley road, Mr. John T. Sloan,
made a strong speech in advocacy of the underta
king, and was followed by Messrs. J. F. Marshall,
and 11. A. Jones iu addresses of peculiar felicity.—
Much feeling prevailed and near $20,000 were sub
scribed on the spot, with a prospect of increasing il
to $40,000. Another meeliug was to be held at Cal
houn’s Mills for purposes of further rousication, and
it was hoped that SIOO,OOO would soon be subscribed
in Abbeville. With $150,000 the work of grading
the road can be commenced. The subscriptions
will then amount to $000,000; and the State, it is
thought, will guarantee the bonds of the Company
for any further amount that may be necessary to the
completion of the work. This is cheering to our
friends on the Savannah side. YVe hope it will not
result again in keeping the word of promise to the
ear and breaking it to the hope. The Press re
marks, in view of the great interests manifested on
the occasion alluded to: “ YVhen such enthusiasm
exists, there is no danger of failure to the enter
prise.”
Stocks and American Securities in German*
—The following communication, relating to tins
prices of stocks and American securities has been
received from an intelligent correspondent at Frank
fort, under date of June 7 :
“The transactions in American bonds, «fcc., have
been so trifling as not to be wortk mentioning. The
threatening repudiation of the city of Pittsburg
serves to heighten the general distrust. If such ca
aes are to happen often, German capitalists will
make no further in vestments in American securities.
The highest, rate of interest will hardly tempt, any
one to Jeopardize the capital.
“ The action of the California Senate has been
watched with much anxiety by those interested
here, and its late vote has given great sat is taction,
not only to the bondholders, but to every American
in this quarter.
“ The money market is plentifully supplied. The
Bank of Frankfort has just reduced its rate of die
count from 5 to 4 per cent.”
Emigration to Texas. —The Dallas Herald, of
the 13th ult., noticing the large number of strangers
that are now travelling over Eastern and North
ern Texas, looking for locations to settle, remarks :
The hotel at this place is continually crowded
with this class, and we are told that the same is t In
case in all the surrounding counties , and it is more
than gratifying to say that they are all well pleased
with our beautiful prairies and rich valleys, and
seem willing to make their homes among us. Per
sons from nearly all the old States are now wending
their way towards Texas, as the land of promise,
and more particularly to this, the wheat-growing
region. The counties immediately west of us will
soon feel the effects of this emigration, as most of
the farming class go further west than this. It is
supposed taat the coming autumn will witness a
heavier emigration to this section of our State, than
has ever before come into it during one season.
We bid them welcome, and can assure them that,
there is no prospect of a famine when they get here.
We will be able to supply all that come.
A suggestion has been made by an intelligent
fanner, in the .Southern Planter, that if barn-yard
fowls were permitted to traverse t he fields they
would soon destroy the chinch bug, which, ol late
years, has become such am enemy to agricultural
ists. If tame fowls will feed upon and destroy th:. j
vermin, might notour farmers be greatly benefitted
by getting the Legislature to pasa a game law for
the protection of birds, and thereby secure the ser
vice of a far more formidable enemy to the bugs and
worms than the barn yard fowl ? We have been of
the impression that the scarcity of birds was the
cause of the abundance of vermin in the country,
and feel assured that it the partridge and other
birds were properly protected, they would soon
make way with the chinch bug and army-worm.
Dacotah. —Recent Advices from Minnesota in
form us that the inchoate Territory of Dacotah La.
already civilized settlements planted in it, which
have been there for many years. By the act passed
by Congress to enable Minnesota to organize tif* a
State, the western boundary was made to run along
the Red River of the North, from the point jvhere it
crosses the British boundary, to its source in Lake
Traverse, and thence through that sheet of water
and Big Stone Lake to the southern end of the lat
ter, where the boundary strikes off due South to
lowa. This leaves the country of Pembina west of
Red River, and in it are located all the settlers ol
the Red River colony, and the town of Pembina.
There may be other settlements also in it, for it
appears the county has elected six delegates to tlie
Constitutional Convention, which would argue it to
be tolerably populous somewhere. In view of the
fact that these people are located beyond the juris
diction fixed by Congress for the future State of
Minnesota, it is proposed to exclude their delegates
from the Conventioh, on the ground that they be
long to the Territory of Dacotah, for the organiza
tion of which the Minnesota bill provides. In all
likelihood this will be done, and thus there will be
an immediate necessity for appointing some sort of
government for them. Everything seems to con
spire to stimulate progress to the remote West.
Emigrant Passengers.— Mr, Kennedy, Super
intendent of Castle Garden, New York, has pre
pared statistics of the immigration at tlmt, jiflit,
showing the transfer of a large proportion of the
passenger trade from American sailing vessels to
British steamers. It appears that during the period
of six months ending June 30, 1856, there were
landed here from 228 vessels, 55,479 passengers, of
which number 1,017 were brought on four steamers.
That during the six months ending December 3i,
1856, 86,091 passengers were landed from 316 ves
sets, of whom 4,094 were by eighteen steamers; and
that during the six months ending June 30, 1857,
there have been landed 86,080 passengfers from 299
vessels, of whom J 0,460 came on 35 steamers.
The whole number of arrivals of steamers bring
ing passengers labeled at the depot is 57, of which
thirty-five were British. Only two bore the Ameri
can flag.
A new five act tragedy, called “The Italian
Bride,” written for Miss Eliza Logan, by S. Yates
Levy, of Savannah, was produced at Wallack’s
Theatre, New-York, Wedae.-day night, Miss L. ta
king the part of the heroine.
“The Great United States.” —The largest
valley in the world is the Valley of the Mississippi,
which contain* 500,000 square miles, and is one ot
the most prolific regions of the globe. The largest
lake in the world is Lake Superior, 4«*#o miles in
length. The greatest natural bridge in the world is
that over Cedar Creek, Virginia,' which extends
across a chasm 80 feet wide and 250 feet deep, at
the bottom of which a creek flows.
Snow in June.— The Oswego (N. Y.) Times states
that snow fell in that city on Monday night, June
22d, in sufficient quantities to be observed on the
sidewalks by early risers on Tuesday morning.
TM Eucumpmetif at JtfliedgeviiJc*
We copy from the Milledgarble RccorUcr a short
account of the celebration of the 4th of July by the
Volunteer Companies of the State. There were
sixteen companies in attendance, numbering about
one thousand men. Our returned friends, one and
all, unite in saying they had a delightful time. The
Recorder says :
Gov. Johnson acted as Commander-in-chief, and
Maj. Brumby was elected by the Captains of
corps Commandant of the forces. H
At Id o’clock A. M., on the 4 th, the battidi'^^H
up Ili -ir !:•.<• <-t m.iiHi fn*m * 1 55
Capitol grounds, where they w* re
Gov. Johnson, explanatory of the nature of the
that brought them together, expressing a desire tnH
see a more mutual friendship existing
the corps of the State, and an intimat? acquaint- "
ance cultivated among the individual ineiiibi.ru.
He also enlarged upon our present militia sys
tem, showing its inefficiency, and presented his
views and ideas relative to a mop- thorough organ?
Ization of oar militia discipline. After hit; exordium
to the military, lie then addressed the vast, multi
trnle present, numbering from three to four thou
sand. His address was coufnu d mostly to the ua
t.ure ot oflr government, and the rel dionship exist
ing between each State to the Federal Union, and
to each other. Space will not allow us to enlarge
upon the add l ess ; but it is enough to say, that Gov
J presented views at once bold and .-hiking, with
some original ideas of the Declaration ~f Indepen
dence and the principles embodied in il, also of the
Constitution of tlm United Slat,,.. \\ . understand
that, the address to the military and also to the citi
zens will be published.
After the address, a national salute was fired by
the Washington Artillery of Augusta, which was
done ill true military style. The battalion then
marched for the encampment, when at q. o’clock
dinner was served, under a structure erect* d for the
occasion sufficient to seat about twelve hundred.
After the dinner, champagne flowed freely, and a
number of sentiments were drank. Wo wuv nim
ble toobtain them as the hour of parade was near at
hand.
On Sunday morning Rev. Dr. Talmage.of Ogle
thorpe University, preached at the capitol grounds
to the soldiers and citizens. It was one of the K.v
Drs. ablest efforts, and well did he sustain Us r-mu
tation as a scholar and a divine teacher.
The whole number of persons in the city on the
4th is supposed to have been about five thousand.—
Never did our streets before present such a moving
mass of spectators on such an interest ing occasion.
Very General Misauckehev ion. Up to the
meeting of the late Democratic Convention, says
the Macon Journal <s' Messenger, it was very gene
rally urged ami conceded, we believe, that Col.
Lamar, Col. Gardner, Judge Lumpkin, Judge
Warner, Mr. Stiles, Judge Stark, tin Old Plough
man, and other prominent gentlemen who had
fought, bled, and almost died, (some of them are
dead we learn) tor the Democrat ic parly, were pre
cisely, especially, and emphatically tin nun, and
the only men to rule over Georgia, Mi Hull, v horn
we kindly suggested, as a gcnllenmn to give us nu
undivided State, if not “an undivided South,” was
rudely thrust out of sight. Weil, tlm Convention
met, and after toiling several days and nights, with
poor success, finally evolved from its excited politi
cal hoppery, a grist, whi*deltas put the people at least
into a Blown study. Much study it i said, is
a weariness to tie flesh, and to the enquiry “who iu
Brown ?” there is no end.
Under the sharpened perceptions «>f a Metropoli
tan atmosphere, it is now conceded that Brown is
the man ; hut who is he personally, and whore lie is
now politically, few seem to know. It se>*ms, how
ever, to be generally understood that he is a young
South Carolinian of the lire eating regime, which, in
these cfays of progress may entitle him to precedence
over old fashioned native Georgians, who have done
the Stale some service.
A writer iu the Savannah A/■ who professes to
be Ills neighbor drew a graphic pictured'him, which
Inw had quite a run, ami was considered we believe
life-like by the Democratic press. The Atlanta In
tel ligenre r , however, repudiates this well intended
“dmth,'' in the following indignant ten;
“The lu;t£r part of ‘A Neighbor’s't ommunicMt ioji
to the‘News' competes the ludicrous j*• Im by i\
ing th a height, weight, camplc.non, si/..* .q mouth
and color ot board and hair of Judg*- Brown, an also
stride in walking—as if the Judge was about to run
away and this was an advertisement for the puipote
of catching him. We have no doubt sumo enemy
of Judge Brown concocted this article loi ilu* pur
pose of injuring him, and wo are son y tint any
Democratic-journal, that has the sinof Judge
Brown at heart, should republish .vuch a ridiculous
caricature.”
The prospect now is, that the party will be just;
as wise and united concerning Brown, lie-yarn
about Democratic principles and policy. I vmona
cy is evidently fond of myth.- !
A Fourth ok July Letter.—Among the many
applications to G. YV. I*. Curtis recently tor scraps
of handwriting from the treasures of the old trunk
of was a truly r.-markable one from a
little boy of Boston. The letter ih?U formed the lit
tie fellow's application is as follow :
“Boston, Fob. 111, IS;*?
“Sir : I have read the Life of YVashinghm and
wish I could be like him. 1 shall try and live h* be
as good a manna he was. My father say- you are
his adopted son and a good man. 1 know you must
be good if you are descended from him and noble
and honorable. 1 am now in my tenth year, and
don’t, know that you will take any notice of a little
fellow like im*. 1 should like to see you, for I know
I should love you. My grandfather was a soldioi
in the old war. J should like to have a letter from
you. Will you write to me and send me something
that. Washington has done or seen? Have you got, a
piece of his handwriting that you ;vviil send me ' I
should be so glad to have it, and will always love
youaml thank you for it. This is the longest letter
l ever wrote; but I don’t care, if you like it , so,
goodbye “William Ui:arson Fav
“To G. YV. Clstib, Esq.
Surely the fame and memory of the IV! er Patrbe
must be rife in the hearts of his ei untrymeii, when
children of less than ten years’ growt h covet */*///-
thing the Patriot. Father’s eye hath ever seen or his
hand hath ever touched.
Fires for Six Months.—During the past mont h
there were twenty fires in the United States, (exclu
sive of all losses less than $10,00(1,) entailing an ag
gregate loss of $353,000. The principal fires occur
red in Brooklyn, N. Y., and Si Louis. The follow
ing shows the losses by tiro for the lust six months :
No. Loss. Do. in ]Shi*.
January 33 $1,000,0*0 $1,101,000
February .•.“!! “030,000 i jilOjlOO
March 33 1,783,000 l o*l,ooo
April 33 1,7 JO,OOO ! ,037,000
May 33 850,000 1,757,000
June “0 05:1,000 1 .304,090
JB2 $8,455,000 $8,782,000
Die following in a list of all losses by fire in the
United States of SIOO,OOO or upwards, inee tin first
of last January:
•lan. I, Vermont,State Cupit-I $130,000
JFeb. 0, Louisville, stores 100,000
“ 0, Mobile, cotton press. 850,000
Melt. 2, < 'hioago, stores 350,000
“ J, Mobile cot ton .... '.' I ei'"
“ i !, New Britain, Ct., factory I.’ *,OOO
“ 22, Plymouth, Ind., . 100,000
“ 21, St. Louis, factory. 100,000
“ 24, Hartford, Ct., 100,000
April J, North Adams, Mass., factory . .. 1(50,000
“ fi, Atlanta, Ga, factory 100,000
“ 11, Baltine- •
‘U 15, Marietta, Ga., stores I •.‘5.000
“ 30, Sandusky, Ohio, houses 100,000
“ 30, Apalachicola, Fla., warehouses. 200,000
May 27, Louisville, ironworks 100,000
June 4, Brooklyn, N. Y., warehouse... . 170,000
“ 10, St. Louis, drug store 100,000
Detection ky Ether or \ Sham Idiot.— The
application of the process of etherization has ju-t
been resorted to in Belgium mi a means of acquiring
judicial information. After a considerable robbf ry
committed in Brussels in November last, two men
named Lerk and Daubner wero arrested and
brought to trial. The former was condemned to
hard labor for li*, but in consequence of tin* latter
pretending to bo dumb and idiotic luh trial wait
postponed, in order that a medical investigation
should take place. It; was found impossible to get
even a sign of intelligence from him As it was,
however, known that he had spoken, when !•«; said
that he could speak no language but German, he
was etherized, and while laboring under the ( fleet,
of that application he spoke perfectly and in French
He was in consequence again brought before the
tribunal, and condemned 1o ten year’s hard labor.
Hates op Postage ry the Bremen Line We
take the following rates of postage to Denmark and
the Danish Duchies by the Bremen Line, from at t
bleof postages recently furnished the Portottice Do
partment by the Bremen office :
Denmark aml Krft/rsiri^.-- One--lin.lt ounce bit
or under, 25 cents; one half, but not exceeding one
ounce, 50 cents ; over one ounce and not exceeding
one ounce and a half, 90 cents; over one ounce
and a half and not exceeding two ounces, . over
two ounces and not exceeding two mine' s and a,
half, $ I 10; over twb ami a, halt o! .k •. and net <x
ceeding three ounces, $1.50.
Dukedom of Holstein ami Lam nhnr g.~ The hall
i ounce is 22 cents and for some offices 25 cent;-, and
for additional weight the postage i.~ .increased nearly
I in the ratio of the above Danish rates.
! The Herald of Freedom ol the 27th ult., estimate
the influx of population to Kansas the present sen
son at 30,000, and is of the opinion that before the
winter sets in, 100,000 will have been added to t !»•-
permanent population of the territory. Meanti&no
the human current pours on with uudiminished vol
ume. Many slop in Western Missouri, and others
continue on to Northern Texas. There is a regular
stream of emigrants flowing south through Lawrence
and other places in Kansas, says the Herald, to tie
number of hundreds a day, looking for a warmer
climate. We also learn that while there has been
a iarge influx of population to Missouri the present,
season, there has been an immense emigration
from it. A gentleman who recently came up from
Arkansas, reports the roads full of moving caravan
with their slaves and cattle, from Missouri, going to
Texas. The same gentleman tarried some flu*'
weeks at the thriving village of Moneka, and while
thgre the road was daily thronged with California
emigrants from Missouri. They were of the wealth
ier class, some of them having slaves and hug
herds of cattle.
Impertinent Leiters. —It is stated P ,(H '"
dent Buchanan is great ly annoyed by the receipt of
innumerable let ters addressed him, soliciting money
on all sorts of pretexts, in ? urns from S2O to $3,1*09
He lately received a letter from a young mats in
Virginia, with the modest request tor the sum ot
S9OO, stating that he was very poor, and great : y m
love with a young lady to whom he was engaged,
and who he was bound to marry, but that he could
not do so without the assistance of a loan of S9OO
and he appealed to the President, as the father ot
the republic, to assist him in his distress- Muon
letters of the same ridiculous ebaractei «»♦* ’'
ed, exciting the mirth of the President, hut which,
of course, receive no notice.
Prisoners E.csrED.-Tbe prisoners reaped
from Kiclj.nond jail early on (he Riorum* ot the 4th
1,1 the following ingenious manner :
On Friday night one of them named Brown slip
riled into a cell adjoining that occupied by liimselt
and Kam and waa locked up there, Ihe oil was by
iio means a secure one, a fact of which Brown was
aware. He managed to wrench a bar of iron from
the door, and with it dug through the brick work
and got out into the yard. He had made a skele
ton key of a piece of wire taken from a tin dish,
and unlocking the door of Elam's cell, let him out
also. Brown, who is a sailor, had contrived a rope
ladder, by tearing his blankets into strips and piait
ing them. Attaching a brick to one end of the rope,
he threw it over the wall, and by this means both
made their escape.
Learning in CoNtjECTtcuT.—Ti o Connecticut
Legislature, at its recent session, passed a law re
quiring each town to pay the costs of its own boys
sent to the State Reform School, instead of the ex
pense being borne by the State; as heretofore.