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HY W. S. JONES. * •
t'MKOMULK A. SENTINEL.
T£H-tM3, &c.
TH E W K K K L Y
• Published evcrj Wednesday,
AT TWO DOLiI.AH* fra /W^NUM
K NOT PAID WITHIN THKWi MONTH*
OolUuv. 81X i-i-nnf fm paper will be sent tm or-M
soribtrs. and forward u* the mm-y. {& The pa-
TEDJ CHRONICLE & faENTINTIIr
DAILY ANf) TRI-VVKI IU-V,
oi thmkm n i/riVATOK,
Prostrated wl:h NumcroS» 'EU-gant Engravings.
/.,-miiig a volume oi 3- J . ,•« in tin year It contain a
in-n n gri a.rr mraount of nrnling mrflt* r to an any Agii
r .nmaVrly oH n: '•!. •« /aul j*ni!:l!vs
, . ' .
th#» .*pJ* t Ti«>* Bills «.f «!' «p« t ie-payh; r
'* »tng. paUl, v% ill be. at tin- ri.-k of the Publish*ire.
I,On* of twelve
■■?"■ ■ •V' i"<\u'!: r »£: I
, k v"" .»•*,. urn /ii.i.t 1
MEBICA L DEPART>IENT.
I ! n* pit on tin bixt MON DA Viu NOVEM HER next,
•t ... • -"with. O ‘ f’large, at the College nn-1 th •
M iuo Ho j'itat. ilrriiiK the ; *ontb < f October.
# LI N nKORDIV YANDF.LL, M. I> , PrOf.*-si r r f
m’.: J K. PACMEK.M. I>, Pr.-fo.ftor of Dt«« riptiv«‘
J ».AWi KN't; K SM!TH, MD , Professorof Medical !
ROh r J RHEOiviNHUXIE, M D , Professor of Ma
.loAlli'A 11. FEINT, M D , Prof*- **r of the Princi i
’ LEWIS ROOKHrt, M I), Prof, or of Clinical Modi
I HEODORE 3 FELL M. D , Professor of the Thso
cVimL‘“lluir-u.! mm "bo procured
$lO, Mntri. ulati n ticket, $ , !»-.-ceding ticket, $lO.
°jVI : - ’ I I* V ANIHII !•.M. D , Denn
( () mmbn<;i;mc:;t weink.
IIAn tLAI U! ATI! S.ni.on, by the President,
f > KARO ATM MORNING July 19th.
Or. NO I T. of Mobile. AT NIUUT.
pl'mm.re P?iyr'.) bJ-CoL .1. S HOOK, and Alumni Ora
■ rtAMP.BF.Irt. • i tJrI'OAV MOltN
Annual Wonting of Board of Trustees, TIiESDA V.
4 o’clock P. M
A OOF DON, H.uj , of Savannah, \S FDNEBDAY, 224
jy 14
IU <'ll r thirty* year.*. Ife
p-i*.malty live nub -south of Union Point, or addressed
vvln h* vHa dread, with da .ctub.s lor taking it or I
trouble' U< l Dropsy,^Jr
known I ''nl :X » r.-tm-.T when cured my 'remedy!
Sati dftc lory references given, if desired
MIJJIS a. BROOME.
Union Point, Oa„ July b. P o jyll wtjol
ALABAMA PLANTATION FOR SALE.
mill's i,on, Mon*.goiiery aulWe *t Point Railroad 7
i.• ile of l uskregep. oil Uhoupt •' creek, containing lt»00
1.0 1 Tl -• elan H'-e well uWrrd. aad liuoly timbered;
I ' altby, nod prod,.-cs Cotton and Corn equal to nny
reasary hi:Udu>Ks. Kor fttrihar particulars, inquire of
II H ARMSTKONC.-, N. 'n üb.a, Aa , or the under.
M.gnedoH tlm puim.ea. PL i’KN DHLS KILL
f ' IfK andersigned, being desirous of leaving the State.
o?b-w, u all l REAL ESTATE in
•• own of Warrentou, Warren county, Or , consisting
a Dwelling House, and Lot of about live acre* of
\an A Ik. i Ca.-rinHeNUoonna. -t, Tools, itfactune,
.iimbi i. >»f all his dock, together with all his finished
, f Prom fifteen to twenty thonsand dollars worth rs
w Tk cat. en-»ily be disposed of, r.t good juices, at. this
t UanVr U ''' ' ' 11 * VI.KOIL .El BOSIiER.
FOR SALE.
I mß.v ■•ut . ol‘ i:..l«ml,ii., 1 Hiuliyi-.r
f.'unty. Al* , lvii« ontbe tlto*llaU*-<:hoo river, conUUu
ng Jl’iX) nr.'», I-NX> iu > fine hta!of cultlvativu SU'I
,1 A S' .a Water .Sin an 1 Kerry arrets the
Vha-eV" '' ' (>tiT| P |f J MAT I'IIKW AVBRF.TT
4 PI. in PAY .ON containing 1900 awes Laud, welt
A timherci ; oon aere, elrar. ( a-i prodace she l>e ■
tea U'an.iCo.t™ and Prey-, no cf .til kinds. A good
ara« u th*- p. .< ». wiilia MN , r »d water ; a tine
\ " VwOOLLfcy! ‘
Gooda Forwarded Free of Charge I
k 7VI'\TION s caUod to t : - i « data ns-.;an* of
A^viui^unteatt^
ra n niniw ith t. r- ,i lad i>auddi sy at ch! bet wo on New Vor k
L tho conununlrativ-t/botw ecu the North
.' >w;s .*» Cs'-Siu-.M air-'.; ?t,o!;•«.' o. Georgia Rai*-
dr.prlve ns of it, tor it ”, I'ur fidl de*: 'wination toroni
A v ard? lit ..• .her: ..ell ho ay ■..*,* by m\y dßier
R Y»d and In o-de.r;. reduce aii vbß:vc.;_ to ?. ms^tua
a r
FRANOIS r. Ail LIS. President.
COLEMAN HOUSE
BV L EADY.
m - *
tu'i e<l IU ' *''. ' and style, will, a
heart ot the oily, convenient to ad the bu-«ess. and on
»-■> couvev passeugers to amt frvuu the Depc>ts ou th§ am
\*l and depar-.ur-. . • o.a s. ihe Mage for Montrale
The table will with the best the market
4 omforiable. SAMPSON LANin
July i ( lyO-<-tf ) JOHN EADY.
S3O REWARD.
I> ANA WAV, from the subsenber, maiding «. Pat,
M&u FRANK He isalmut *JS years old. five feet ten iu-
Jue*'Jb Us loat the s cbTofVn^eyeT' He w « raised
in Virginia, and has been in Georgia about two years.
The above reward will be paid for his delivery to me,
jaJ2-wlf " "* JOHN A HARRIS.
tv R. BF4RT» ■S. \VM. R. FRAKCISCO.
BEARDEN & FIfANCISCO,
I | ROIHTII AND COM >ll SSI ON MERCHANTS.
I Msa-u Ga . will sell on Comm ion. Bacon, Land,
Flour. Corn, Oats. Feathers, and Tennessee^prodnc#
.'s'shipi uy tou> can rely upon prompt returns.
Merchatr; rd C; cu f ktu• x\ e ; Morgfei &Co .
Jo. Edwards, Jame- C. LtttOl. Comptroller. Nashrille ;
Richard B CampheU. Hen Ckam.icr A Cv J A M
French, Chattanooga; T. J. Campbell, Cleveland; R C.
Jackson. Athens. Merchant*ofEa«tTenne^egenerally
LET TEE LAL' SS READ THIS
i 1 HERE is no * ngle article so much sought for. an;
hereof difficult t- obtain, as a GOOE
NEEDLE, ai ItYe Ladies will reio ice that at last then
u an ar L ie introduced, which they can buy, with th»
tu 1 a -.nrance, that they are perfect iu eveiy respect
*ud -.informly so, not as is the case with most oihe:
N-' u..o' ia use, wtM a sm*iU port,on of a p»j^!
B- 'Urt- iuni lu> r c. J. LAVVKKNCL ’6 G#K)VELES€
PERFECT EYED NEEDLES, to be found at ail th»
Btor-*s. ji^Sl-wtimo
WESTERN LAND. *
I r'Z ' ° Ue or °4'® fl 3 r interest in Texa
The L Mds be oa the Rio Frio and the Perdenale.
rivers. Th“.v are located in the be t part of the Sian
for Bto-'k ra • icg, and the larger part of them are said U
be as roh im any Land iu Texas TL« ? .tits ere
M Ali SHEPHERD,
Coiuxnbos, Ga.
Weekly Chronicle & Sentinel.
£ humid c it- Sentinel.
In’fUKHi.iLldeltrtu of R, J. Wnlker.
oov y nson of klbsab territory.
VI- Ijrompt4n,Kan** Territory, Ma*
Ftti-ovi'-r !TJZE s - of Kansas: At the eaweet
r*'.-- of the President of tbe United Staton, I have
Hf opted .the poeit ion n f jjereraor of the Terrgory
< ! K a 'jPro-ideid, wi»4i the cordial con
n rem o of all Lie cabinet, expressed to me the cyod
f;,on that the condition of Kadmm fraogbt
wi : -riito the. Union, atid naked rhe to
■ Hide*?ake tiur> of tbht momentotih rftft-.--
• ion, whfc-L baa %iiro<ltscted discord an;f eivi! war
tbrcgiKboat your borders, and tbreatenaAo involve
y*4J and our country in the name c ommon rail;.-
Tliw waa a duty thus presented, the performance of
wliieh 1 could u<d decline consistently with iny view
tie- “ac red obligation-* which eveiy citiz-n owes
Tl - uiode of adju. ttoent i* provided in the ac t
"Yy ’ - vTJ r M** n-’^Toof 1 ! ’ i7owt p *?'e
»ii*i-’ decide this cjuaeWou fc.r th*-n»* ive- in forming
n > < < .; * 4*-e the act of fraajjpK
a Stato c onbtiiution i« nniiormly performed through
•'.* g ntaiityof ■ «invention of cfolegate
eho ■ by the people iheir elvea. That convention
now c! I^otit to be elected by you under the call of
the U*rr.o>. iai leKiafotnre nndhtill
by tee authority of and clothed by it, in
tile *-ooi, ,r**: *-i -*w miuuage of the organic law, with
;: : powei t*i make nucli au enactment. The terri
toria! l-q'hdature, then, hi a Hits c^onwen
• v - fully -u.-.taii.ad by-the mat ofConffen,
ti.v ai;tho: ;ty of the convention id dhdinctiy re
*-4|:i/;. • d in n.y instructiona from the President of
.4. United Sin’. - Those who oppose this course
gTilarjt’ of the ■
rial lef<dature, w ho-e Jaws iq town and city el£c-
Uon>, iu corporate franchises, and on all other sub
jc.c* but i-iuvery tin y acknowledge by their votes
niid acquiescence. I* that legislature was invalid,
then arc v.e wide ut wor or dry i.» with
out town, ci'y, or county organization , all legal
mid .judicial transactions are void, all titles mill,
and anarchy ridgns throughout our borders.
]; ; my duly, in seeing that all constitutional
■ \v> .«r. .bed to take caje, as far as prac
•'./-...b1a, ih,*.‘ ’ Ids % election of delegates to the con
veutioy simll lie free from’* fraud/or violence, and
•| lHi they eli’.ll b< protected ia their deliberations.
Ti»e people of Kausas, t ;en, are invited by the
?., . auti ority known to the ♦constitution ftp par
Leipoie ft-eely and fairly iu the election of delegates
;<j ftuiyu ,i coij - ItUiion and State government. Tho
performed i: en appropriate function
A i on it t\l' U(l' to the peojrie the right of suffrage,
brr it (ftuirnd. compel tin; 4»c-r ormance of ihat duty.
TinoughoU'. t;ur whose union, however, and where
• vt-r freir government prevails, those who abstain
,i Ae eAerciae of la*; right of suffrage authorize
lie who no vote to a<: for them in that contingen
cy . and the »th-*mtees much bound undeV the
1,1,s and constitution, wheie thera is no fraud or
• .ole. • .by the act of Lb*; of those who do
\ >I(. fw altn 4j, all hau participated iu the election.
Oihi M%J -e. > voting must be voluntary, self-gov
ernment woffld b<- impracticable, And monarchy or
dcsp-oLism would remain as the only alternative.
You should no bacon sole yourselves, my fellow cit
'■/-!!•* with the retlection that you may, by a subse
quent vote, defcujft.h© rat'^ication of the constitu
*u. A though most anxious to secure to you the
• * t great coiitati >nal add be
lieving that tho convention is the servant, and not
the master©’* the paopl©, yet I have no power to
dictate th proceedings ol that body. I cannot
• loubt, however,the course they will adopt on this
;hj ■t. Hut why incur the hazard of the preliirii
nary formation of* a constitution by a minority, as
alleged by you, when a majority, by their own
votes, could control the forming of thaUinstrument ?
lilt >t is .‘aid that the convention is not legally
called, and that the election will not be freely and
b-irly mudueled. Tho territorial legislature is the
povWr ordain ! lor this purpose by the Congress ol
tin- t';j»t • i Ntates , and in opposing it you resist the
n«-i Imriiy ol llie. fe-h ral government. That legisla
r** wn- called into being by the Congress of 1854,
i>: i'-ccgi:./.ed in the very latest congressional
legi-laiion D is redP>gnis<*d by the present Chief
Magistrate of-the Union, just clumen by the Ameri
can and many of its acts aio now in opera
lion here by universal assent.. As the governor of
the Territory ol Kansas. I must support tlie law's
arul the coiir tituiion , ami 1 have no other alterna
tive under my o t but to see that all constitutional
laws are fully and fairly executed.
1 sco in this act culling the convention no irflprop
er or restrictions upon the right ;*f
suffi p- 1 see in it no test oath or other similar
p ov.-ioi:. objected to in relation to previous laws,
but clearly repealed as renugnant lo the provisions
■ 1 n. 1 ; act. so far as regards the election of delegates
to this r-oiiventiou. It is said that a lair and full
voi • will not taken. .Who c«tn safely jyedict
such a remit ? Nor is it jiu't for a majority, as they
to throw the pov* r into the hands of a minor
ity, from a mere apprehension -I trust entirely un
f tuiidcd— that they will not. be permitted to exer
cise the rights of suffrage. If, by fraud or violence,
a majority should not be permit ted to vote, there is
a remedy, it is hoped, in tho wisdom and justice of
the convention itself, act mg under tlie obligations of
an oath, and u proper responsibility to the tribunal
of public opinion. There is a remedy, also, if such
i u is can be demonstrated, in the refusal of Conr
gi --s to adn it a Stale into the Union under a con
!-dilution imposed by n minority upon a majority by
fraud or violence. Indeed, I cannot doubt that the
convention, after having framed a State constitution,
will submit it for ratification or rejection, by a ma
jority oft b«j then actual bona Jide resident settlers of
Kansas,
With these views, well known to the President
nn-;l cabinet, and approved by them, I accepted the
appointment of Governor ol Kansas. My instruc
t.;..ns from the President, through the Secretary of
State, under date of the dot 1 of March last, sustain
‘t • ; >gul U,is 1 iture "t the Territory” in •*«s
-a convention to form a ConstUtion f' mid
they express the opinion of the President that
.“when such a constitution shall be submitted to the
people of the Territory they must be protected in
the exercise of their right of voting for or against
that i>. rumont; and the fair expression of the
popular will must not be interrupted by fraud or
violence."
I repeat. tle'u, ns my dear conviction, that unless
the convention‘submit the constitution jlo the vote
of all tli-* actual resident, settlers of Kansas, and
the/! vtioii be fairly and just 1> conducted, the con
stitution will be, and ought to be, rejected by Con-
1 There nr * other important reasons wl\y you
should participate in the election of delegates to
l this con\ ntion. Kansas is to become a new State,
j created out of the public domain, and will designate
f her boundaries in the fundamental law. To most
I of the land within her limits the Indian title, unfor
\ tuuately, is not yet extinguished, afid this land is
I exempt from settlement, to the grievous injury of
' the people of the State. Having passed many
; v i* of my life in a new State, and'represented it
' tor n loriy perlbdin the Senate of the Unitv J States,
1 the seriffhs encumbrance arising from large
bodies of land within a State to whiuh the Indian
title * not extinguished. Upon this subject the con
vention may act by such just ami constitutional pro -
: ioi.s nr will accelerate the extinguishment of In
, dian title.
Mitre is, l'uthern ore, the question of railroad
«made by Congress to all the new States but
* one, i where tho routes could not be agreed upon,)
j *md, Mit bin a few months past, to the flourishing
; Ternt x . of Minnesota. This munificent grant of
; m millions and a half <>i acres was made to Min.
ties ta. even in advance of her becoming a State,
j under ’the auspices of her present distinguished e.\-
j ecutiv *. ami will enable our sister State of the
North we t speedily to unße jier railroad system
: with ours
- Kansas is undoubtly entitled to grants similar to
* thi ' * jost made to Minnesota, and upon this ques
| lion the convention may take important action.
Mu se, recollect, are grants by Congress, not to
‘ ivmjfenio*, but to States. Now, if Kansas, like
: the State of lUinois, in granting hereafter these
j lands to companies to build these roads, should re
-1 serve, at least, the seven peryCent. of their grots au
j nual rtH*' fpts, it is quitev:ertain that so soon as these
ue constructed, such w r i!l be tbe'fetge pay
, meats into tho treasury of our Stale that there will
. be no necessity to impose any State tax
j whatever, especially if the constitution should v.ou
i tain w. < provisions against the creation of Stale
| debts
The giant to she State of Illinois for the Illinois
! Central Rdllroad, packed under the wise ana patri
i oue auspices of her distinguished Senator, was
; mac.e before* the pernicions sy*ten\Jately exposed in
1 Washingtmi had invaded life halls of Congress ; aud.
! therefore, that State, unlike which
tained recenf grants was Enabled to make this great
j !\ '« rvation for the benefit of the Statue. This con
| st itut es 4* f itself a conclusive reason whj| these rail
| road i-AWil* sh<utldJ*e reserved \i\ the ordnance ac-
I companyieg our state constitution, so that our
| State nr.ghi hc;v* t\m whple benefit of the grant, in
stead of being given to agents ap-
I pointed to obtain these grants by companies snb
.'dfentialiy iu mauy cases fori their qprn benefit, nl
! though iirthe qameof the State.^
* T'o i# is reason why tijese railroad giants
{ siiquid thus be revived hi «*ur ordnance :
f. to s. . ure alu-ed.o*d> to the Sta e before
4 -tree bodiea,of them are .eugrpeecd
T especially sjougthe contemplated lines of railroails*.
iu ftona-" shsu’d these reservations infrrfere w:th
| the meemptfou lights reserved to settlers, or with
school sections. \
; These grants io as js proved by otii
| cial documents, nave greatly augmented the, pro
ceeds of the fa.es the public labds, increasing
their value, accelerating Uieir sale and sett lament,,
I and bringing euhaficed prices to the” government,
ilsi greatly bPnefitting rite lauds of the settler fiy
•furnistiiug him new markets and Aimtoiahed eeefe of
| transportation.' Ou this sabjeet, |lr, Bdchauan, al
ways the lite|jd ot'‘;hem-w States, iiritis recent iu
augar&l, folk <m ng language :
'No nation iu. the tide of time has em beeo
; blessed’with so rich* and-noble an inheritance as we
enjoy in tVe publuwiands In*hdininisterigg Ibis im-.
* port ant trus4, whilst it may beav'seTo grant portions
| of them for the improvement t#4he remainaer. yet
I we Should neverforget thafrt is our cardinal pplicy
»j to reserve the lands, as much as may he. for actftal
' st tilers; and this at moderate We shall
hthus ik*i oidv beet ptomate tjjje prosperity of the
ite«• grates, by furuiahing them a hardy aud iade
pendv t tv*e of j. nest and industrious citizens, but
s all homes for our V-hlhifen and our chih
| dten’s children,\s w#i those
shores, wb“ may seek iu this 'couuiry' to improve
their eondiifi'c. abd enjoy the l*k*ssing' of civil and
| religious liberty."* • a
Our American raiirueds, u*.wr exceeding twemy
lour th**usand miles competed, have grqatly ad
i voiced the power, ptospenty. aiui pH-tgfless of the
J countr\\ whilst liqkmg it together iu bonds of ever
o srea-ing commeree andiuteredurse. and ’eiaiiiag.
by tie se results, to so ft <*b awi extlbfiiish sectTouat
passions anil and thus perpetuate 4he
l Dion ot the Mates. This system is eh-uric Uie
a •.-■* >* ot the whole country f aallprogress until*he
w. -t ftt the ,l, rs & intersected.
1 k< ‘. the river, by a :.sf-w*»* k of rail
roads, until the whole at various {>einfe shall reaelT
t.ie -JOU - .e l The ixiih Jof granfe
b > C V ~ r y;- ■- m ; w vlearfy establisliMl and what
ever doubtt* may have prevaifed in tug iginds of a
few pv-4 s as jo the coimiiuuoaaiky of such grants
whtya based omy upffe the transfer-of a portion of
tiit- public oooMßn. lathe language of she inaugural
id the Pfesident, "fmr tkr ,mp- >**inentof We re
’> run fnler. yet when they asem&de. as-bow proposed
' in the ordinance accompanying our'ronstirhtiou, iu
consideration of our rebnquishiog the right to tax
the public lands, such grants become, iu fact, sales
for ample equivalents, aud their constitutionality is
placed beyond ail *ioub4 cr controversy. For this
reason, also, and in order that these grants may be
made for ample equivalents, and upon ghmnas of
clear, constitutional authority, it is most wise that
they should be included in ouV ordinance,* and take
effect by compact w hen the State is admitted into
the Union. If my wi.l could have prevailed as re
* gards the public tands, as indicated in my public oa
ryer and eepe<-ially in the bill presented by me, as
chairman of the Committee on Public Lands, to the
’ r Senate of the United S ates, which passed that
r body, but failed in the I would authoiiz^no
sales of these lands except for set lie moat and cultl
-5 * ration, reserving cot merely a preemption, but a
i* homestead of a i]uarter section cf land iu fivor v>f
eveiy actual sy tier, whether cenuug Irom other
States or euiWating from Europe. i|reat and
populous thus rapidly be adqed to the
« confederacy, until wr* should toon haVe oqp uubfo
keu line cu Stales in ni the Atlantic to the Pacific,
* giving immense additional power and beeurily to
p the Udioa, and faerbtating intercomse between all
J its parts. Tina wouid'tie alike beueficfhl to the* old
and to tfie new States. To the working men of the
* old States, a* well a* of the new. it would be of iu-
< afouKUe ad vantage, not merely by affording them
a home in the Wfg, but by maintaining the wage/
oi labor, by enabling the working dosses to euii
Srate andJbeco«ecultivators of the soil, when, the
ol daily tail should eink below a fair remu
neration. Every new Niate, besides, add, to the
easterners of the old States, consuming their manu
btctures, employing their merchants, giviug busi
e*-bs to their vessels and canals, their rrfilroatD and
citi‘*“. and a powerful impai-e to their indtt3tr>' and
p?fjfcpferity. Indeed, ft is the grow’tU of the mighty
\Ve.it w hich Las added, more than all other causes
-ombined, to the power arid pcospenty of the whole
ȆBfry. whilst at the same time, through theehau
n -Is of businees and commerce, it has been building
jo immense dues iu the Eastern, Atlantic and mid
die States, and repk-uishing the federal treasury
with large payments from the settlers upon the nub
iodands. rendered of real value only by their labor ;
v*i<4 thus, trom increased exports, bringing bar k
augmented import*, and food largely increasing the
revenue of the government from that same source
Without asking anything new from Congress, if
Kansas can receive, on coming into the Union, all
ibe u£ua! grants, ana use them judiciously, she can
not only speedily cover herself with a net-work of
railroads, bat, by devoting all the rest to purposes
of education, she would soon have a complete eys
rem of common schools, with normal si-hools, free
academies, and a great university, in all of which
tuitien sfibuld be free to all our people. In that
university the mechanic arts, with model workshops,
and* all the sciences should be taught, and especial
ly agriculture with a model farm.
* Although you more in your ordinance
* ban has been already granted to the other new
Statdw, yet in view of the sacrifice of life and 6ro
perty incurred by tbepeople of Kansas, in establish
ing here the great principles of State and popular
-overcighty, and thus perpetuating the Union, Con
gress, doultless, will regard with indulgent favor
the new State of Kansas, and will welcome her iute
the Union with joyful congratulations and a most
liberal policyjps to the public domain.
The full benefit of that great measure, tiie gradua
tion aud reduction of the price of the public lauds iu
favor only of settlers and cultivators, so often urged
by me in the Senate and in the Treasury Depart
ment, and finally adopted by Congress, should also
be secured in our ordinance. Having witnessed in
new States the deep injury inflicted upon them by
large bodies of their most fertile land being monop
olized by speculators, I suggest, in accordance
with the public policy ever advocated by me, that
our entire land tax, under the constitution, for the
next twenty years should be confined exclusively to
unoccupied land—whether owned by residents or
uon-residents—as one of the best means of guard
ing against monopoly of our choice lauds by specu
lators. I desire, in feet, to see our convention ex
ercise the whole constitutional power of the S‘ate,
to guard our rights aud interests, aud especially to
protect the settlers and cultivators against the
monopoly of our public domain by speculators.
Ah regards the school hinds of the new States, the
following views will be found in my reports of the
Bth of December, 1847, and Oth of December, 1818,
as Secretary of the Treasury of the United States :
“The recommendation contained in my last report
for the establishment of ports of entry in Oregon,
and the extension there of our revenue laws, is
again iespectfully presented to the consideration of
Congress, together with donations of farms to set
tlors ami emigrants, and the grant of a school section
in the centre of every quarter of a township, which
would bring the school-house within a point not ex
ceeding a mile and a halt in distance from the most
remote inhabitant of such quarter township.”
And again :
4 *My last report recommended the grant of one
section of land for schools in every quarter township
in Oregon. * * * * * Congress,
to some extent, adopted this recommendation by
granting two school sections in each township, in
stead of one, for education in Oregon ; but it is res
pectfully suggested that even thus extended the
grant is still inadequate iu amount, whilst the loca
tion is inconvenient, and too remote for a school
which all can attend. The subject is again present
ed to the attention of Congress, with the recommen
dation that it shall be extended to California and
New Mexico, aud also to all the other new States
and Territories containing the public domain.'’
Aiding upon the first of these recommendations,
but not carrying them fully into effect, Congress
doubled the school-section grants —an advance upon
the former system. Hut, in my judgment, the bene
lifs intended will never be fully >ealized until four
school sections, instead of two, are granted in every
township, locating the school section in the centre
of every quarter township; thus, by only doubling
the school sections, causing every section of the
public domain in the new States to adjoin a school sec
tion. which would add immensely to the value of the
public lands, whilst, at the same time affording an
adequate fund not only for the establishment of com
mon schools in every township, but of high schools and
normal schools, free academies, which, together with
the five-per-cent, fund and university grant before re
ferred to, would place Kansas in a few years, in point
of science and education in t lie front rank of the States
of the American Union aud of the world. This is a
subject always regarded by me with intense inter
est, inasmuch as my highest hope of the perpetuity
of our Union, and of the continued success of self
government, is based upon the progressive educa
tion and enlightenment of the people, enabling them
fully to comprehend their own true interests, the in
calculable advantages of our Union, the exemption
from the power ot demagogues, the control of sec
tional passions and prejudice, the progress of the
arts and sciences, and the accumulation of know
ledge, which is every day more and more becoming
real power, and which will advance so much the
great interests of our whole country.
These noble grants for schools aud education in
some of the new States have not, produced all the
advantages designed, for want of ‘adequate checks
and guards against improvident legislation; but I
t rust that the convention, by a distinct constitution
al provision, will surround these lauds with such
guarantees, legislative, executive, judicial and
popular, as to require the combined action of the
whole under the authority of the legislature in the
administration of a fund so sacred.
It will be observed that these school sections and
the five per cent, fund, or their equivalent, have al
ways been made good to the new States by Con
gress, whether the lands were sold iu trust, for In
dians, or otherwise.
Upon looking at the location of Kansas, equi dis
tant from North to South, and from the Atlantic to
the Pacific. I find, that, within reasonable bounda
ries, she would be the central State of the American
Union. On the North lies the Nebraska Territory,
soon to become a State; on the South the great and
fertile Southwestern Indian territory, soon, I hope,
to become a State also. To the boundary of Kansas
run nearly all the railroads of Missouri, whilst, west
ward, northward and southward, these {routes con
tinued through Kansas would connect her directly
with Puget Sound, the mouth of the Oregon river,
and San Francisco. The southern boundary of
Kansas is but five hundred miles from the Gulf of
Mexico, and the railroad through the great south
western Indian territory and Texas would connect
her with New Orleans, with Galveston, with all the
roads of Arkansas, and through Texas to San Fran
cisco, and other points on the Pacific ; northward
and eastward our lines would conned with the roads
of lowa, Illinois, Wisconsin, Nebraska, Minnesota,
and the lakes of the North.
It is the people of Kansas who, in forming their
St ate constitution, are to declare the terms on
which they propose to enter the Union. Congress
cannot compel the people of a Territory to eater
the Union as a State, or change, without their con
pent, the constitution framed by the people. Con
gress, it Is true, may for constitutional reasons re
fuse admission, but the Mate alone, in forming her
constitution, can prescribe the terms on which she
wHI enter the Union. This power of the people of
a Territo y in forming a State constitution is one of
vital importance, especially iu the States carved
out of the public* domaiu. Nearly all the lauds of
Kansas are public lands, aud most of them are occu
pied by Indian tribes. Those lands are the proper
ty of the federal government, but their right is ex
clusively that of a proprietor, carrying with it no
political power.
Although the States cannot tax the constitutional
functiout of the federal government, they may as
sess its reaU estate within the limits of the State.
Thus, although a State cannot tax the federal mint
or cu tom- ho use, yet it may tax the ground on
which they stand,' unless exempted by State author
ity. Such is the well settled doctrine of the Su
preme Court of the United States. In 1838 Judge
McLean, of the Supreme Court of the United
States, made the following decision :
< ‘‘lt is true the United States held the proprietary
right under the act of cession, aud also the right of
sovereignty until the State government was estab
lished ; but the mere proprietary right, if it exist,
gives no light of sovereignty. The United States
may own land within a State, but political jurisdic
tion does not follow this ownership. Where juris
diction is necessaly, as for forts and arsenals, a
cession of it is obtained from the State. Even the
lands of the United States, within the States are
exempted from taxation by compact.”
By the recent decision of the Supreme Court of
the United States, so justly favorable to the rights
and interests of the new States, especially those
formed out of the territory acquired, like Kansas,
since the adoption of the constitution, it is clear, that
• ownership of the public lands of such Territory
is viewed by the court exclusively as a propr etarv
light, carrying with it no political power or right of
eminent domain, and affecting in no uay the exer
cise of any of the sovereign attributes of State au
thority. When Kansas becomes a Slate, with all
the attributes **f State sovereignty coextensive with
her limits, amongJhese must be the taxing power,
which is an inherent element of Slate authority.—
I do not dispute the title of the government to the
public lands of Kansas, but I do say that this right
is that of au owner only, and that, when Kansas be
comes a State, the public lands are subject ,to tax
ation by State authority, likethose of any individual
proprietor, unless that power is relinquished by the
State in the ordinance, assuming the form of a
compacts by which the State is admitted into the
Union.
The relinquishment of the taxing power as te tlig
public lands, so important to the general govern
ment, aud which has heretofore beeu exacted by
Congress on their own terms from all the new States,
is deeply injurious to the State,' depriving her al
most entirely of the principal recourse of a new
State by taxation to support her government Now
that this question is conclusively settled by the Su
preme Court of the United States, as a consequence
of their recent decision, it is proper for the State,
in making this relinquishment of the right to tax
the public t&nds. to annex the conditions on which
she consents to such exemption. This should be
doi\e in the constitution upon terms just to Kansas
aud to4fce federal government.
Should Kansas relinquish her light of taking the
publicYanas for equivalent, she sUeuld, in my judg
ment. although sustained by irresistible conclusions
from the decisions of the Supreme Court of the Uni
ted Stales, and sound constitutional views of state
tights, place the question in its strangest form, by
.vkii!& uottfinganortrtiiAii has been planted tq the
other hewt>tales; including the grants for educa
tion. rtihwodfe Jte. She wifi thus give the highest
proof that she is uot governed byYoruid views, and
that she bieans to exact nothing from Congress that
br unusual
1 cannot tod earnestly impress upon you the ne
cessity oi removing the slavery ,agua!H>irlTom the
Khltmof Congress and pTosidential coufiicta. It is
conceded that Congress tms no power to, mtorfere
wilt slavery in toe State? where ft exists; an iif it
cau now be established, as is clearly the doc trine of
the Cousfitutioa, that Congress has no authority to
iutorfitoe with tbo people of a Territory on this sub
ject, in forming a State cooiit&tMß, the question
must be removed from congressional and presiden
tial elections. * '
Tui? is the principle affirmed Congress i* too
aetprgjudaißg # his Territory, ratified by the people
of the United States in the recent ejection, aixi
maintained by the late decision of the Supreme
Court of me United Ntates. If this principle can be
carried into $ loeeaafuk operation in Kansas —that
her determine what shan be. her secial
institutions—the slavery question must be WTtli
drawn from the halls of Congress, and from our pre
eidenUal'conjiieu, and th© safety of the Union be
P~ c t, . b*y<md all ntrii. whereas, if toe principle
should be defeated here, the slavery agitation* must
be renewed lq ail elections throughout the country,
with LiiCTeaeiiig bitterness, until it eventually
overthrow the government
It is this agitation which, to European powers
presents the only hope of subverting our freeinsti
Unions, and, as a consequence, destroying the prin
ciple of seif government throughout the world. It
is this Lope that has already inflicted deep injury
upon our country, exciting mouarcniqal or despotic
iuterfetejK-e with uur domestic as well as foreign af
tairs and inducing their interposition, not oSy in
our electrons, but ia diplomatic intercourse, to arrest
ouz progs ess, to limit our inti uence and power, de
priving tfikof great advantages in peaceful territo
rial expansion, as well as in trade with the nations
of the world.
Indeed, when I reflect upon the hostile position
of the European press during the recent election.
AUGUSTA, GA.. WEDNESDAYS ..MORNING, .11 1A tts7
andfheir exulting predictions of the dissolution ot
fjur Union as the consequence of the triumph oi a
sectional candidate* I cannot doubt that the peace
fat and permanent establisphinent of these principles,
now being sulgected to theic final test in Kansas,
will terminate European opposition to all those
measures which must so much increase our com
merce, furnish new* markets fur our products nod
fabrics, and by conservative, yeacefal progress, car
ry our flag and the empire of our constitution into
new and adjacent regions, indispensable as a part
of the Union to opr welfare and security, adding
coffee, sugar, and other articles {p 9 ur ta Pfo ex "
ports, whilst greatly reducing their price to the con
sumer. .
Nor is it only in our foreign intercourse that
peace will be preserved and our prosperity advanc
ed by the accepted fact of the permanence ofthe
government, based upon the peaceful settlement of
ihia question in Kansas, but at h**me the same sen
timent will awaken renewed confidence in the sta
bility of our institutions, give a new impulse to all
our industry, and carry us onward in a career of
progress and prosperity exceeding evenjnir meet
sangtofic expectatious : a new movement of Euro
pean capital will flow’in upon us for permanent in
vestment, and a new exodus of the
see. aided by the pre-emption principle, carry west
ward the advancing column of American States in
one unbroken phalanx to the Pacific.
Aud let me ask you, what possible good has
been accomplished by agitating, in Congress and in
Presidential con.iicts, the slavery questiop ! Has it
emancipated a single slave or improved their con
dition ! Has it made a single State free where
slavery otherwise wouki haye existed ? Has it ac
celerated the disappearance of slavery from the
more northern of the slaveholdicg States, or accom
plished any practical good whatever ’ No, my
fellow-citizens, nothing but unmitigated evil has al
ready ensued, with disasters still more fearful im
pending for the future, as a consequence of this agi
tation.
There is a law more powerful than the legisla •
tion of man—more potent than passion or prejudice
—that must ultimately determine the location of
slavery in this country : it is the isothermal line ;
it is the law of the thermometer, of latitude or alti
tude, regulating climate labor and productions, and
as a consequence, profit and loss. Thus, oven upon
the mountain heights of the tropics slavery can no
more exist thau in northern latitude, because it is
unprofitable, being unsuited.to the constitution of
that sable race transplanted here from the equato
rial heats of Africa. Why is it tLai in the Union
slavery recedes from the North aud progresses
South ? Is it this same great climate law now
operating for or against slavery in Kansas ? If, on
the eieyated plains of Kansas, stretching to the
base of our American Alps—the Rocky mountains
—and including their eastern crest crowned with
perpetual snow, from which sweep over her open
prairies those chilling blasts, reducing the average
range of the thermometer here to a temperature
nearly as low’ as that of New England, should ren
der slavery unprofitable here, because ungafted to
the tropical constitution of the negro race, tbe law
above referred to must ultimately determine that
question here, aud can no more be controlled by the
legislation of man than any other moral or physical
law of the Almighty. Especially must this law ope
rate with irresistible force in this country, where the
number of slaves is limited, and cannot be increas
ed by importation, where many millions of acres of
sugar and cotton lands are still uncultivated, and.
from the ever augmenting demand, exceeding the
supply, the price of those great staples has nearly
doubled, demanding vastly more slave labor for
their production.
‘‘lf, from the operation of these causes, slavery
should not exist here, I trust, it by no means fol
lows that Kansas should become a State controlled
by the treason and fanaticism of abolitionism. SI e
has in any event, certain constitutional duties to per
form to her sister State, and especially to her imme
diate neighbor—the slaveholding State of Missouri.
Through that great State, by rivers aud railroads,
must flow to a great extent our trade and inter
course, our imports and exports. Our entire east
ern front is upon her border; from] Missouri come a
great number of her citizens ; even the farms ofthe
two States are cut by the line of State boundary,
part in Kansas, part iu Missouri; her citizens meet
us in daily intercourse ; aud that Kansas should be
come hostile to Missouri, an asylum for her fugitive
slaves, or a propagandist of abolition treason, would
be alike iu expedient and unjust, aud fatal to the
continuance of the American Union. In any event
then, I trust that the Constitution of Kansas w ill
conta u such clauses as will forever secure to the
State of Missouri the faithful performance of al!
constitutional guarantees, not only by federal, but
by Mate authority, and the supremacy within our
limits of the authority of the Supreme Court of the
United States on all constitutional questions be
firmly established.
Upon the south Kansas is bounded by the great
Southwestern Indian territory. This is one ot the
most salubrious aud fertile portions of this continent
It is a great cotton growing region, admirably adap
ted by soil and climate for the products ofthe South,
embracing the valleys ot the Red
Riv r, adjoining Texas on the south and west, aud
Arkansas on tbe east, and it ought speedily to be
come a State ofthe American Union. The Indian
treaties will constitute no obstacle any more than
fnecisely similar treaties did in Kansas, for their
ands, valueless to them, now for sale, but which,
soil with their consent aud for their benefit like the
Indian land of Kansas, would make them a most
wealthy and prosperous people, and their consent
on these terms would be most cheerfully given.—
This Territory contains double the area of the State
of Indiana,and, if necessary, an adequate portion
of the western and more elevated part could be set
apart exclusively for these tribes, and the eastern
aud larger portion be formed into a State, aud its
lauds sold for the benefit of these tribes, (like the
Indian lands of Kansas,) thus greatly promoting all
their interests. To the eastern boundary of this re
gion on the State of Arkansas run the railroads of
that State ; to her southern limits come the great
railroads from Louisiana and Texas, from New Or
leans and Galveston, which will ultimately be join
ed by railroads from Kansas, leading through this
Indian Territory, connecting Kansas with New Or
leans, the Gulf of Mexico, and with the Southern
Pacific railroad,leading through Texas to San Fran
cisco.
It is essential to the true interests not only of
Kansas, but of Louisiana, Texas, and Arkansas
lowa and Missouri, and the W’hole region west of
the Mississippi, that thin coterminous Southwestern
Indian territory should speedily become a State,
not only to supply us with cotton, and receive oui
products in return, but as occupying the area over
which that portion of our railroads should run which
connect us with New Orleans and Galveston and
by the southern route with the Pacific. From her
central position, through or connected with Kansas,
must run the central, northern, and southern routes
to the Pacific; and with the latter, as well as wit h
the Gulf, the connection can only oe secured by this
Southwestern territory becoming a State ; and to
this Kansas should direct her earnest attention as
essential to her prosperity.
Our country and the world are regarding with
profound interest the struggle now impending in
Kansas. Whether we are competent to self govern
ment—wlicther.we can decide this controversy
peacefully for ourselves by our own votes without
fraud or violence—whether the great principle of
self government and State sovereignty can be car
ried here into successful operation —are the ques
tions now to be determined, and upon the plains of
Kansas may now be fought the last great and deci
sive battle, involving the fate of the Union, of State
sovereignty, of self-government and the liberties of
the world. If, my fellow-citizens, you could, even
for a brief period, soften or extinguish, sectional
passions or prejudice, cud lilt yoursmves to the full
realization of the momentous issues intrusted to
your decision, you would feel that no greater re
sponsibility was ever devolved ou any people. It
is not merely shall slavery exist in or disappear from
Kansas, but shall the great principles of self-go
vernment and State sovereignty be maintained or
subverted. State sovereignty is mainly a practical
principle, in so far as it is illustrated by the great
sovereign right of the majority of the people, in
forming a State government to adopt their own so
cial institutions, and this principle i 3 disregarded
whenever such decision is subverted by Congress,
or overthrown by external intrusion, or by domes
tic fraud or violence. All those who oppose this
principle are the enemies of State rights, of self-go
vernment, ofthe constitution and the Union. l)o
you love slavery so much, or hate it so intensely,
that you would endeavor to establish or exclude it
by fraud or violence, against the will of the majori
ty of the people ? What is Kansas, with or without
slavery, if she should destroy the rights and union
of the States 7 Where would be her schools, her
free academies,>Jier colleges and university, her
towns and cities, her railroads, farms and villages,
without the Union, and the principles of self-go
vernment ? Where would be her peace and pros
perity, and what the value of her lands and proper
ty 1 Who cau decide this question for Kansas, if
net the people themselves ? And if they cannot,
nothing but the sword can become the arbiter.
On the one hand, if you cau aud will decide
peacefully this question for yourselves, I see for
Kansas an immediate career of power, progress
and prosperity, unsurpassed in the history ot the
world. I see the peaceful • establishment of our
State constitution, its ratification by the people, and
our immediate admission ißto the Union ; the rapid
extinguishment of Indian title, and the occupancy
of those lauds by settlers and eultivators ; the diffu
sion ol universal education ; pre-emptions tor the
actual settlers; thejState rapidly intersected by a net ’
work of railroads; our churebes,-schools colleges,
and university carrying westward the progress of
Jaw, religion, liberty and civilization ; our towns,
cities and villages prosperous and progressing ; our
farms teemiug with abundant products, and greatly
appreciated in value; and peace, happiness and
prosperity smiling throughout*eur borders. With
proper clauses in our constitution, and the peace
ful arbitrament of this question. Kansas may
come the model State of the American Union She
may bring down upon us, from North to South,
from East to West, the praises and blessing of every
patriotic American, and of every friend ot self-gov
ernment throughout the world. She may record
her name on the proudest page of the history of
our country and of the world, and as the young
est and last born ohild of the American Union,
all will hail and regard herewith respect and affec
tkn. . ~
On the other liaud, if you cannot thus peacefully
decide this question, fraud, violence, and injustice
will reign supreme throughout oar borders, and we
will have achieved the undying infamy of having
destroyed the liberty of pi*r couutry and of the
world. We will become a byword ot reproach and
obloquy : and ail history will record the fact that
Kansas was the grave of the American Union.—
Never was so momentous a question submitted to
the decisfon of any people ; and we cannot avoid
the alternatives now placed before ue ©fr-giory ores
shame * -
May that overruhug Providence who brought our
tore fathers'in Safety to Jamestown and Plymouth—
who watched over our colonial pupilage—who con
vened our ancestors iuuarmonious ootmoils-en the
birth-day of American independence gave us
Washington, and carried us successfully through
the struggle* add peril# of the revolution—who as
semhied. iu I?£T. that noble band of patriots and
statesmen from Norih and South who fraroed the
federal constitution —who has augmented our num
bers from three millions to thirty millioiis. up* car
ried us from the eastern slope of the Aliegu&nie#
through the great valley# of toe Ohio. Mississippi,
add Missouri, and now salutes mar standard on the
shores of the in our hearts a love of
the whole Union, ams a patriotic devotion to the
whole oountry. May it extinguish or control all sec
tional passion, and prejudice. antLenhble us to con
duct to a successful conclusion the great experiment
of self-government now being made within your
boundaries.
to it not infinitely better that slavery should be
abolished or established in Kansas, rather than that
we should become slaves and hot pennitfed to gov
ern ourselves 7 I# the absence or 1 existence of
slavery in Kansas j>aramoant to the great questions
of Mate sovereignty, of and of
the Union ’ ft the sable African alone emitted to
your sympathy and con rideration, even if he were
happier as a freeman than as a slave, either here or
in St. Domingo or the British West or Span
ish America, where toe emancipated slave has re
ceded to barbarism, and approaches the lowest
point in the descending scale of moral, physical, and
intellectual degredation. Have our white brethren
of the great American and European race no claims
upon our auction ? Have they no rights or inter
ests entitled to regard and protection ? Shaft th#
destiny of toe African fn Kansas exclude ad con
siderations connected with our own happiness and
prosperity ? And is it for the handful of that race
how in Kansas, or that may be hereafter introduced,
that we should subvert the Union aud the great
principle# of self-govetiimeDt and State sovereignty,
and imbrue our hand# in toe blood of our coumiy
men! Important as this African question may be
in Kansas, and which it i 6 your solemn right to de
termine, it sinks into insignificance compared with
the perpetuity of the Union and the-tinai suo»*easful
establishment of the principles of State sovereignty
and free government. If patriotism, if devotion to
the constitution and love of the union, should wof
induce the minority to yield to the majority on*this
question, let them reflect, that in no event "can the
minority successfully determin ‘'this question per-*
manently, and that m no contingency will
admit Kansas a9 a slave or free State unless a ma
jority of the people of Kansas shall first have fairly'
and freely decided this question for themselves by a
direct vote on the adoption of the constitution, ex
cluding all fraud or violence. /The minority, in re
sisting the will of the majority, inay involve Kansas
again in civil war: they may*bring upon her re
proach and obloquy, and destroy her progress and
prosperity; they may keep her for years' out of the
Union, aud in a whirlwind, of agitation, sweep
away the government itself.Wut Kansas-never can*
be brought into the Union, with or without slavery.,
except by a previous solemn decision, fully, freely,
and fairly made by a majority of her people fn vot
ing for or agaipst the adoption of her State constitu
tion. Why, then, should this just, peaceful, aud
'•oiiStitutional mode of settlement meet with oppo
sition from any quarter? Is Kansas willing to de
stroy her own hopes of prosperity merely that sue
may aflord political capital to any party, and per
petuate the agitation of slavery throughout the
Union ? Is she to become a there theme for agita
iora in other States, the theatre on which they sliali
perform the bloody drama of treason and disunion ?
Does she want to see th* solemn acts of Congress,
the decision of the people of the Union in the re
cent election, the legislative, executive, and judicial
authorities of the country all overt brown, and revo
lution and civil war inaugurated throughout her
limits ? Does she want to be “ bleeding Kansas"
for the benefit of political agitators, within or with
out of her limits, or does she prefer the peaceful and
quiet arbitrament of this question for herself?
What benefit will the great body of the people of
Kansas derive from these agitations? They may
tor a brief period give consequence and power to
political leaders and agitators; but it is at the ex
pense of the happiness aud welfare of the great
body of the people of this Territory.
Those who oppose slavery in Kansas do not base
their opposition upon any philanthropic principles,
or any sympathy for the African racß ; for in their
so-called constitution, framed at Topeka, they deem
t hat entire race so inferior aud degraded as to ex
clude them all forever irom Kansas, whether they
be bond or free—thus depriving them of all rights
here, and denying even that they can be citizens of
the United States * for if they are citizens they
cotfid not constitutionally be exiled dr excluded
from Kansas. Yet such a clause inserted in the
Topeka constitution was submitted by that conven
tion for a vote of the people, and ratified here by
an overwhelming majority of the anti-slavery par
ty. This party, here, therefore, has, in tbe most
positive mann *r, affirmed the constitutionality of
that portion of the recent decision of tbe Supreme
Court of the United States declaring that Africans
are not citizens ofthe Upited States.
This is the more important, Inasmuch as this To
peka constitution was ralified with this clause in
scried, by tue entire republican party in Congress
—thus distinctly affirming the recent decieion of
the Supreme Court ofthe Union, that Africans aie
not cßizcds ofthe United States; for if citizens
they may be elected to all offices, State and nation
al, including the Presidency itself; they must be
placed upon $ basis of perfect equality with the
whites, serve with them in the militia,on the bench,
the legislature, the jury box, vote *in all elections,
meet us in social intercourse and intermarry freely
with the whites. This doctrine of the perfect equal
ity of the whites wdth the black, iu all respects
whatsoever, social and political, clearly follows
from the position that Africans are citizens of the
United States. Nor is the Supreme Court of the
Union less clearly vindicated by the position now’
assumed here by the published creed of this party,
that the people of Kansas, in forming their State
constitution, (and not Congress,) must decide this
question of slavery for themselves. Having thus
sustained the Court on both the controverted points
decided by that tribunal, it is hoped they will hot
approve the anarchical and revolutionary proceed
ings in other States, expunging the Supreme Court
from our system by depriving it of the great power
for which it was created, of expounding the Consti
tution. If that be done, we can have iu fact no
unity of government or fundamental law, but just as
m niy ever varying constitutions as passions, pre-l
judice and loce' interest may from time to time pre
scribe iu the thirty-one States of the Union.
1 have endeavored heretofore faintly to fore
shadow the wonderful prosperity which would fol
low at once in-Kansas the peaceful and final settle
ment of this question. But, if it should be in the
power of agitators to prevent such a result, nothing
but rum will pervade our territory. Confidence
will expire, and law and order will be subverted.
Anarchy and civil war will be reiuaugurated among
us. AU property will greatl/.depreciate in value
Even the best farms will 1 become almost worthless.
Our towns aud cities .will eiSk into decay. Emi
gration into our territfyfr-. will cease. A mournful
train of returning settler#,' with ruined hopes and
blasted fortunes, willHea’ve our borders. All who
have purchased proper y at present prices will be
sacrificed, aud Kansas will be marked by universal
ruin and desolation.
Nor will tho mischief be arrested here. It will
extend into every other State, llespots will exult
over the failure here of the great principle of self
government, and the approaching downfall of our
confederacy. The pillars the of Union will rock upon
their base, aud we may close the next Presidential
conflict amid the scattered fragment# of the consti
tution of oui once happy and united people. The
bauuer of Uie stars aud stripes, the emblem of our
country’s glory, will be rent by contending factions.
We shall no longer have a country. The friends of
human liberty in other realms will shrink despairing
from the conflict. Despotic power will resume its
sw'ay throughout the world, and man will have tried
in vain the last experiment of self-government.—
The architects of oui country’s ruin, the assassins of
her peace and prosperity, will share t he same com
mon ram of all our race. They will meet , whilst
living, the bitter curses of a ruined people, while
history will record as their only epitaph : These
were the destroyers of the American Union, of the
liberties of the country and of the world.
But Ido not despair of the republic. My hope is
in the patriotism hud intelligence of the people ;iu
their love of couutry, of liberty, and of the Union.
Especially is my confidence unbounded in the hardy
pioneers and settlers ot the West. It was such
settlers of a new State devoted to the Constitution
and the Union, whom I long represented in the
Senate of the United States, and whose rights and
interests it was my j ride and pleasure there, as
well as in the Treasury Department, to {protect and
advocate. It was men like these whose rifles drove
back the invader from the plains of Orleans, and
planted the stars and stripes upon the victorious
field of Mexico. These are the men whom gold can
not corrupt nor foes intimidate. From their towns
aud villages, from their farms and cottages, spread
over the beautiful prairies of Kansas, they will
come forward now iu defence of the Constitution
and the Union. These are the glorious legacy they
received from our fathers, and they will transmit
to their ohildren the priceless heritage. Before the
peaceful power of their suffrage this dangerous
sectional agitation will disappear, and peace and
prosperity once mere reign throughout our borders.
In the hearts of this noble baud of patriotic settlers
.he love of their oountry and of the Union is inex
tinguishable. It leaves them not in death, but it
follows them into that higher realm, where, with
Washington and Franklin, and their noble com
patriots, they look down with undying affection
upon their country, and offer up their fervent
prayers that the Union and the constitution may be
perpetual. For recollect, my fellow-citizens, that
it is the constitution that makes the Union, and
unless that immortal instrument, bearing the name
ofthe Father of his Cfountry, shall be maintained
entire in all its wise provisions and sacred guaran
tees, our free institutions must polish.
My reliance, also, is unshaken upon the same
overruling Providence which has carried us trium
phantly through so many perils and conflicts, which
has lifted us to a height of power aud prosperity
unexampled in history, and, if we shall maintain the
constitution and the Union, points us to a future
more glorious and sublime than mind cau
or pen describe. The march of our country 's desti
ny, like that of His first chosen people, is marked by
the foot-prints of the steps ot God. The Constitu
tion and tho Union ar>- “ih* cloud by day, and tbe
pillar of tire by night,” which will carry us safely
under his guidance, through the wilderness and bit
ter waters, into the promised aud ever-extending
fields of our country 's glory. It is His hand which
beckons us onward in the pathway of peaceful
progress and expansion, of power and renown, until
our continent, in the distant future, shall be cover
ed by the folds of the American banner, and in
structed by our example, all the nations of the
world, through many trials and sacrifices, shall es
tablish the great principles of our constitutional con
federacy of free and sovereign States.
R. J. Walker.
Important Decision in Regard to “Mailable
Matter.” —The Springfield (111.) Journal, gives
publicity to au important decision that was rendered
on Monday last, in the United States District Court,
for the Southern District of Illinois, in relation to
the liability of posmasters and other employees of
the Post Office Department, under the United States
laws, and determining to some extent wiiat may be
properly transmitted by mail.
Iu the case of the United States vs. Burton, the
defendant, who was a postmaster at Ewington, 111,
had beeu indicted for stealing two watches that
came to his office, which had been mailed at Free
port. According to the evidence at the prisoner's
first examination, the watches had been put into a
paper box, about four inches square, containing no
other letter or writing, and when they had arrved
at Ewington, Burton took them out of the box, and
appropriated them to his own use.
Burton was indicted under the twenty-first sec
tion of tk© Act of Congress of March 3d, 1855. His
counsel moved to exclude the testimony of the wit
ness who mailed the watches, on the ground that
the watches were not “mailable" matter under the
provisions of the Act of Congress of March 3d,
1855.
Judge Treat decided that under this act, in con
nection with that of 1825,- the watches, having been ,
put up iu a single package, w*re not “mailable
matter" within the meaning of the law ; and that
the defendant was not liable to a prosecution under
the U. S. laws for abstracting them from the United
States mail—being only amenable to the laws of the
State for the larceny.
The prosecuting attorney having stated that this
was the only point at issue, the Court instructed tbe
Jury to find a verdict of not guilty.
The Columbus Times says: “Mi. Ifift ia a young
man, 33 or 34 years old, of considerable talent and
energy, who was but recently brought to toe notice
of the people of Georgians the unsuccessful oppo
ueLt ot Hiram Warner for Congress.”
This is about equivalent to describing toe career
of Napoleon by saying teat lie was fainou# for his
retreat from Moscow. We not surprised that
our Democratic friends are anxious to forget toe
Austeriita and Marengo of bur candidate 1 # public
career —those memorable fields on which he met
their strongest and proudest chiefs, before whom
an opponent has scarcely been known to stand.
If any Democrat in the Seventh and Eighth Jjw*
tricts should be disposed to ask the question Who
is Ben. Hill ? we w’ould refer him to Senator Teofebe
and the Messrs. Stephens. Perhaps our friend Gar
tretl, in the Fourth, might e* tighten the benighted
in his bailiwick on the subject '.—Savannah Re
publican.
The bark Eh A. Rawlins, now lying in our port,
being suspected of an intention Ufembark iu the
African Slave trade, the United States Collector or
dered a guard on board some days ago and comment
ed toe work, of discharging her. for the purpose of
instituting an examination into the contents oi her
cargo. This business is still progressing, thdugh we
learn that, so far, nothing has been discovered to
justify fhn charge, her cargo, so far as ascertainad,
consisting of pickled beef and pork, fish, biscuits,
rum, molasses. 6cc., in quantitieg sufficient for a,
long voyage. An unusual quantity of water casks
were also found on board. The Rawlins has a Por
tugese crew, and is offering for freight to Madeira.—
Nap. Rep.
Extraordinary Collection of Pearls.— The
Paterson N. J.) Guardian says that Messrs. John
and Jacob Quackenbush, of that city, who have
been mixed up in the pearl hunt from the first, ex
hibited on Saturday twenty-one pearls—the most
perfect specimens of their recent exertions. They
were ail regularly graduated in size for a necklace,
and of beautiful tints and clearness. Besides these
they have recently found a very large pearl of the
size of a musket ball, perfect, and probably worth
f 1,000. Tee value ofthe neekfece pearißwoujd be
about Aa,6<m) when arranged for sale. This family
have found oyer £ 4,JOU worth, and hawe realized
probably that amount, but the market value of the"
pearl# is very much more, as they realized only
for one valued at $3,000 in New York.
Judge ItrownN Leicer of Acr-epttfne#.
June ‘lfitb* 1857
. HoIS - Joseph E. B«mv» -.—Dear Sir _%- oa
have this day been unanimously nominated by the*
Convention of the Democratic Party
of Georgia, as their oandufete for the office of Gos
, erqor in the ensuing election, ami we have been
appointed a committee to notify you of that noml
nation, and to request your acceptance of fbe eriW
When you look upon the Platform of principles,
on w’hi oh your nominal -ion baa been made, a copy
of which is herewith enclosed to you, we trust tlm’r
you will uot allow a my but th§ most um outrolable
considerations to prevent your acceptance of a
nomination, made with luntohnity and enthusiasm,
aud whfiqh we beM&ve wffi j>e responded ttt with
equal uuauimity aud enthusiasm by the ontfre Dem
ooratic party ©f our State.
\\ itli assurances of pleasure it afford# us to 1
give you this uoticaainjLpf our dad inguished cob
sideratiou, we mo yours, &c.
Chas.'J. Williams, Geo. N Phillips
E. D Traoy, \\*m. Phillips/ '
J* 5? e !jk» Wm- Hope Hull.
K. M. Johfistoq, William Schley.
Canton, July Otte, 1857.
Gentlksien :—I have toe honor to
tbe receipt of your letter, informing me that I have
been unanimously nominated by the Convention of
the Democratic party ofthe State of Georgia; as their
candidate for the office of Governor, in the ensuing
election. I accept the nomination and acknowl
edge, with gratitude the distinguished honor which
has been conferred upon me by the Democracy of
Georgia iu Convention assembled. The circum
stances of my nomination preclude the idea that I
have made any either exofees or implied,
and I shall neither make nor intimate any to any
one, as to the distribution of Executive patronage
in the event of my election.
If your nomination voluntarily tendered, should
be ratified by my fellow-citizens at toe ballet box, 1
shall therefore enter upon the discharge of the du
ties of the important official trust, which may be
committed to me perfectly tree and independent of
personal ob’igation; I shall exercise all powers,
which I shad have, under the constitution and laws,
according to my best judgment, with an eye single
to tbe promotion oi the public interest, holding as I
do, that those powers are granted for the sole pur
pose of upholding aud advancing the rights and in
terests of the people.
In the selection of agento for the public service,
so for as I shall have the power of appointment I
shall have regard to the capacity, integrity aud in
dustry ot the persons appointed, as I consider the
dpiQU Os jhese three qualities essential to the just
and efficient execution of public duties,
I have examined carefully toe platform of princi
ples laid down by the Convention, a copy of which
you d’d me the honor to enclose, and I have no hes
itation in saying that the principle* adopted by the
Convention command the approbation of my judg
ment, and will receive my cordial support. -
To the triumphs of the priimiples of the demo
cracy in the past, we are, in iny opinion, indebted
for whatever of greatness our country may have
attained, aud to the success of tfiose principles
maintained in their original purity in 'future, we cau
alou 4 look for the protection of the constitution
against the assaults ot fanaticism and error, and for
the preservation of the reserved l ights ot the States
ou which alone depends tire perpetuity of the Union,
which has brought so much happiness aud prosperi
ty the people. The Union ia the effect of the « on
stitution—we value it—we cherish the constitution
as its foundation, aud because it proviats the wisest
•plan of government for confederated States, and
secures if properly administered the blessings of
civil, religious and political liberty to the people.
With hearts of patriotism, we are devoted both to
the constitution and to the Union.
It only remains, gentlemen, for me to render to
you and to the Democratic Convention my sincere
acknowledgements for the unsolicited honor con
ferred ou me—and to say, that no efforts shall be
wanting on my part so to conduct myself as to con
tinue to deserve the confidence which has been by
niy democratic brethren so generously reposed in
me. With the highest consideration aud esteem, I
am gentlemen,
Your ob’t. serv’t.,
Joseph E, Brown.
Messrs! C. J. Williams, G. N. Phillips, E. D. Tracy,
W. Phillips, L. Fields, W. ljppe Hull, R. M. John
stop, Wm. Schley.
Rnlific*uiio)t Meeting.
The American party of Bibb made a grand de
monstration on Monday night last. Amid the
booming of cannon aud the stiriug notes of our city
band, the friends of good government, in crowds,
flocked to Concert Hall. The meeting was organ
ized by calling the Jlou. Asa Holt to the Chair. J.
11. R. Washington, in a clear and satisfactory inan
uet reported the action of the late American State
Convention, wh.ch was received with enthusiastic
applause ;
Mr. Knowles presented the following resolutions,
which were unanimously adopted :
Resolved , That we congratulate the American
Party and the country upon the auspicious results
of the late Ainericau Slate Convention at Milledge
ville, and we hereby mo-t cordially endorse and
ratify the proceedings of said Convention, both
with respect to the principles and policy enunciated
by that body, and its nomination of Georgia’s dis
tinguished son, Benjamin 11. Hill, Esq., as our
candidate for Governor; and we hereby pledge
ourselvas to use our best endeavors to secure the
triumph of both.
Resolred, That the time has arrived when the
honor, rights, interests, sectional equality ami safe
ty of Georgia and the South, and the tranquility of
the Republic should be held paramount to mere
party fealty.
VVe therefore cordially invite our fellow-citizens,
both native and foreign born, to unite with us in ef
fort* to secure to us and our children the priceless
blessing of good Government.
Charles Collins, Esq., made a few stirring re
marks, after which, Col. A. R. Wright,amid deafen
ing applause, was introduced, and for nearly two
hours entertained the audience in a very able and
effective speech. We were pleased to see in the
large audience so many of our democratic friends,
and hope they will unite with the American party
iu the good work of reform. —Macon Messenger.
Improved Straw Paper. —The experiment of
making straw paper for printing newspapers has
succeeded equal to the expectations of those Who
introduced it. We had exhibited to us 3ome speci
mens lately made by Martin Nixon, after a process
of his own invention, in which there was seventy
five per cent, of straw. Three different newspa
pers of Cincinnati have b en using it, and speak
very highly of its qualities as adapted to newspaper
purposes. The Times, Commercial and Volksfriend
all speak favorably of it. The paper possesses great
strength and pliability, and though less weight in
the ream than ootton paper, has greater body aud
wear. The advantage of straw paper is, that it
keeps the price of paper from getting so high that
newspapers could uot be published at their present
prices. Rags have greatly increased in co6t, aud
the tendency, in consequence of the great demand
for paper, caused by the enormous editions of popu
lar journals, was constantly upward, till straw be
gan to be used as a substitute. Since then the
price has been more steady, and from the improve
ments in the process of straw paper making, a sup
ply of material from this source will always be
available. —Philadelphia Ledger.
The March of Intellect in Massachusetts.
In the statutes of Massachusetts, just published,
chapter -06, certain provisions occur which show
quite strikingly how the standard of education in
the Public Schools at that State has risen within the
last twenty years. The Revised Statutes and a
subsequent one had provided “that in every town
in the State, of fifty families or householders, a Pub
lic School should be kept by an instructor compe
tent to teach orthography, reading, writing, English
grammar, geography, arithmetic and good-beha
viour. The statutes of 1857 add to these studies
those of “algebra, the hiatory of the United Stares,
.physiology and hygiene.” To the studies pursued
in the schools of the next grade higher, are' added
“general history, natural philosophy, chemistry, bo
tany, the civil polity of the United States, aud La
tin,” and those of the next rank, “French, astrono
my, geology, rbtelleclual and moral science, and
political economy.” These are very substantial
additions, and speak well for the success of the
Public School system of Massachusetts. —Baltimore
American.
Stupendous Steam Enterprise.— lt 4s stated
that a scheme has beeu initiated in Liverpool for the
formation of a new fine of steamer's from shat port
to Australia, each vessel to be of ten thousand tons
burden, guaranteed to make the* passage in thirty
days, and at a cost of only each. The
profits of the scheme are plausibly calculated thus
—the annual receipts of gold from Australia
amounts te Jj> 100, Oftu,4)00 , the interest upon that
sum for one month (the time saved in conveyance)
would be $ and the draft to the same
am unt having another thirty days to run, would
make a total per annum of $8,400,000 interest,
which, added to $4/200,00(1 would yield the sum of
$12,600,000. So that iu one year $1,000,000 more
than the cost oftmilding this splendid fleet of new
steamers, suitable for war purposes, would be real
ized merely by the saving of time. Mi. C are, the
person who proposes to build these vessels, states
that by anew plan of construction he can net only
ensure for them a continuous speed of twenty miles
an hour, but that they shall be proof against wind,
wave and foundering at sea, that they shall neither
leak, nor sink, and at the same time be shot and fire .
proof.— Balt. Amec.
A Missourian’s Travelling Bag. —During the
session of the Democratic National Convention iu
this city, a delegate (whether an insider or outsider,
we do not remember, which fact we arc particular
to state, as tbe story is * ri: jst veritable”) having ta
ken breakfastat the St. -Charles, walked up to toe
counter and demanded his bill. He was asked
what he *;ad had, and the reply was—brandy
cock-tails, tea and toast.” This, so far as breakfast
W’as concerned, is without a parallel. But au inci
dent recently come under our observation well
Worthy to go flown to immortality with it. A gen
tleinan from Missouri was in attendance at Lexing
ton at the laying of the cornet stone oi the Clay
Monument on the Fourth, and his baggage under
going found to consist of a ogfrpct
sack containing four Lottleiof whiskey and i-wo re
volvers, one shirt aud two collars. One of his tra
velling companions said that the shirt fold been.put
in simply to keep tbe bottles from breaking.—Cin
cinnati Commercial.
♦ 1 i
Col. Kinney turns up Again.— C*pt. .Saun
ders, of the schooner fcarah Bartlett, informs tis that
Col. Kinney, of filibuster notoriety, was at Rdatan
when heieft, tbe 13th mst. It seems thaff after
leaving Grey town, the Colonel had directeff hm*
course to Omoa, or some plaoe to toe eastward on
the Honduras coast, but, on account of his supposed
sympathy aud connection with filibuster ism, was not
allowed to land. He alter wards went to Ruatan,
where the schooner which bore hiou and. his fortunes
was condemned, she having sprung a leak in a se
vere gale in LhfDse waters. K iuney was seeking an
opportunity to return to this country.—TV. U. Pic.
A Storm n* Florida. —A private letter from "
Bellvflle, Fla., 3tates thlt aronnd there on the 4th
inst., one of the sere reel hail storms ever remem
bered did ruinous damage in shat vidhrity. Had
atones, 3 to 5 inches in diameter, fell with feariul .
fury, entirely raining some of the crops of corn and
cottKLg Fortunately for the country, it was one of
those strange storms, confining its fury to a small ex
tent of the land.— Sav. Georg tarn.
Comm ittßp for St#a lutg a J3ir l». —A rather
“seedy looking indfvifinal, calling hiMself Isaac
Edmondson, was arrested iaManbkpferLlud., on
Friday last, for stealing a Bible from tm X’aited
Brethren Church, and in default of SIOO bail he was
committed tojail. This is toe third time during the
last three years that iadi vidvai has stolen this
Bible. —ljouisvitle Courier.
Talking Canary Bird.—Mr. Henry U. Holmes,
grocery proprietor at the comer of River and Di
vision streets, is the owner of au English canary
bird, whiclrepeaks words as plain as a parrot. Such
an instance seldom if ever occurred, as a talking
canary bird, but such is the case, as the incredu.ous,
if they will call, will find it.— Troy Whig.
A Chancb for Spirits.—Mr. James J. Jarvies,
a well known citizen of Boston, has offered a re
ward of SSOO toanv “medium” who shall disclose
the means by which 'spiritual phenomena ai e pro
duced, so that he or any one oi ordinary intelligence
and physical power shall be able to produce the .
same.
No Use for Biules. —Uy {the last seirs, Worn
Utah we learn that a miogionary named Van Kmrqon
had arrived in the territory ta distribute the Bible
among the Mormons, but nis reception must have
been a hot one, as he published a notice announcing
his intentlen to leave on the Ist of June.*
Prom the Macon Citizen.
f'onimcnceiucni of Wwlnjin Female Collette.
Order of.Exerci*es t f‘rstday, Tutedrv, July U,
* ( Piayer
a Uwiic -Thn Church s Welooma.
---y—Mine Anna R. Guuliy, Columbus,
f 'lh” l s’nKrw n 'n' Mh '' U nr " uuu ' trouble as
- tugema J.Culler, Perry,(ft 5 M,sa
'■ ( of the Indian—Mias
' » \rijk “'“•'■OnflVP.'Kost IWagonla.irJ
rcapsic.—Saared; peace. Celestial Treasure
.. Compoeitiou.n-theor* up, God is wlane lip
He was-—MissAfary E.Mviiie, Ame&cus C
111. Composition .-Kilty years Hence—Miss Mu-
Tietta A. Smith, (jfreen co.,Ga.
1 L Lo ! the sos v JRoraiug breaking
I*J. Composition. Hoifee keener—MisTSa
rah M. Hudson, G Beene oouii t vXJ a.
bi. Cumm.siriou—Lite i* but a‘Shadow—Mi»«
CabeT.u If. Persons, Kort Valley. (ia.
*_■ Music.—-Peace cu Earth—a Saviour’s born,
to. Composition.—Clod in Geology—Miss Aft
Lunette Dozier, Muscagee»co . Ga.
Jti. Comppjdtfon.—The Beautiful of. Earth—Miss
~ L° l usa W. Kendall, Upsen eo., Ga.
L . Music.—fibv/ beautiful upon Ur* - Mountains.
‘ ’ —Young Amot ioa—Miss Mary
R Mathis, Buena Vista, Ga.
I ft. Composition.—“ Stars are not seen by Sim
on M'* 6 Georgia Conner, Macon, Ga.
-ft. Music.—Evening Hymn.’
21. Benediction.
Otder of Exercises for July IM.
1. Prayer.
2. Music—O, be joy fill UAlht* Lord.
3. Competition—“ I drained of life—was
beauty, I awoke and found it duty"—Miss
Augusta A. Wardiaw, Fort Gain i, Ga.
•!. Composition—“ The Heavens declare the
florv of God, and the liruiament slunveth Ids
andiwork”—Miss Mary V. Brady, Wetump
ka. Ala.
5. Music—Let every heart rejoice and sing.
6. Composition—The Missionary—Miss Henri
etta C. Smith, Greene 00., Ga.
7. Composition—Couohology—Miss M. A. Gar
lick, Russell co., Ala.
8 Music—Hark, what mean those holy voices,
ft. Composition—The pair on age of home institu
tions—Miss Anna R. Gunby, Columbus, Ga
lt). Composition —“l feel the mighty cun eat
sweep me on, yet know not whitkeF’-teMii*
Virginia Conner, Macon, Ga.
11. Music—J Oyful be the lay and song.
1”. Valedictory to Audience, trustees and Pupils
—Miss Sarah M. Hudson, Greene co., Ga.
13. Valedictory to Faculty, President and Class-
Miss Antoinette Dozier, Columbus, Ga.
14. Degrees Conferred.
15. Music—With Halh lufah’a voice
16. Address by'Hon. John B. Wasrl.
17. Music—Farewell JSoiig.
18. Benediction, *
MAcoiffGa., July 13,1857.
Mr Editor : A large audience*crowded on Bab
bath to the Methodist Church to hear the Commenc
tuent Sermon by the Rev.* Dr. J. Boring, ofthe
Geovgia Conference, lie announced fori:is text—
Lay not up for yourselves treasures Upon earth,
where mot li and rust doth corrupt, and where
thieves break through and steal: but lay up for
yourselves treasures iu heaven, whore neither moth
nor rust doth corrupt, and where thieves do not
break through nor steal.”—Math. 6: Ift ‘2O. His
major proposition was—That all earthly ’treasnn
whether ofnohes, Honors or pleasures were subject
to moth and rust aud thieves. Happiness is that
which all tbe world seek : yet the history of the
world may be written iu a
ment.” He gave us, indeed, a gloomy picture of
disappointed hopes, and bleeding hearts of earth’s
votaries, and made ne feel, by his earnest appeal to
facts, that all earthly treasures are held by a slender
tenure. He then, in glowiug language, pointed us
to the treasure in heaven, where moth and rust
doth not corrupt, nor thieves,brook through m*r
steal. The earnestness of the speaker carried ids
words with burning power to the large ami deeply
interested audience, and fojmd many a.responsive
chord in the depths of the heart of many ot earth's
disappointed ones. The Dr.'s power of appeal is
tremendous—suspaesiug th«t of ntiy divine we ever
listened to.
To-day has been a time of pleasure to us; we
have witnessed the exhibition ofthe pupils in mtisic,
drawing, painting, embroidery, &
The music classes we.re all brought out, begin
ners, as well as those more advanced. Some sixty
pieces, instruinenfol and vocal,, were performed.
We thought the youftg ladies who sung .Wes Imd
fine voices, and we regret that their embarraasm m
prevented them from doing justice to themselves,
and to the pains aud skill with which they had evi
dently been trained.
It is almost too much to require that, bashful
young Misses should stand in the full blaze of a
gazing audience, without the friendly aid or shade,
or distance to relieve the glare.
Our space will not allow’ us to speak of the many
performances which delighted us ; that of the fii •!
class players was particularly fine. Tho “Polka dt
Concert,” and other difficult pieces, were perform
ed in a superior style. There are few schools in
our country which send forth fiuch proficients in
music. They surpassed our expectat urns, for these
are not merely fair performers, such as are com
monly seen, but really scientific musicians. The
less advanced classes, also, acquitted themselves
well. The whole exercises evinced tho work of a
superior teacher, such as few of our schools can
command—the expression and style are masterly.
It was a treat to listen to eight performers ontlie
piano and three on the violin, all in perfect unison
ot tone and time, discoursing the rich music, of the
best composers.
The walls of the chapel were hung with many fine
specimens ofthe success of tho pupils in the depart
mentjof drawing and painting, needlework, Jtc.
The paintings iu oil testified to the diligence of the
beginners in this art, for we understand that this is
the first year iu which it has been taught in the Col
lege ; no doubt another year’s practice will give
that taste in the softness aud blending of colors
which, was wanting. The pencil drawings are neat
ly executed, aud the needle-work tastefully done.—
The framed work-boxes, and ornamented withleath
er work are very pret y. We must not forget to
notice, also, the specimens of wax work, which were
beautifully finished.
Altogether this has been a rich day, and we expect
yet more to-morrow.
Commerce of New York.—The statement of
the commerce of New York for the last fiscal year
is one of the most important on record. The total re
ceipts of foreign goods at New York, for twelve
months, ending June 30, are upwards of two hun
dred aud twenty-six millions of dollars, being $27,-
969,449 greater thau for the previous year, $71,678,-
641 greater than for the previous year ending June
30th, 1855, and $35,109,663 greater thau for the year
ending June 30th, 1854. The imports at New York
for the last year, are greater than the total imports
into the whole United Stales for any year previous
to 1853.
Foreign Imports al New York for the fiscal year
ending June 3ft.
TiSB 1856. 16.7.
En»'d for cons’on.fclOS',o29,2lo $150,088,112 $141,430,!09
Ent'd tor war’mg.
Free goods 14,300,259 17,432,112 46,036,5:10
Specie ami bullion i, 153,dpi 1,126,1)97* 6,441,855
Total en’d at p’rt.5154,595,526 #ibß,3l4,7it?rti 126,184,167
Withdrawn from
warehouse “ 23,501,421 21,934,130 27,950,212
* The exports for the lost fiscal year are larger, both
in specie aud produce, tba&for any former year up
on our record. Tiie total, exclusive of specie, is
$2,271,457 larger than for the last year, $19,934,635
larger thau for the year ending June 30th. J 855, and
$8,907,886 larger than for the year ending June
30th, 1854.
Exports from Netc York to Foreign Ports for
the fiscal year ending June 'M)(h.
1855. 1856. 1857. *
Domes’c produce. .$02,002,400 $75,026,"241
For’n M’fize (free).. 4,061,: 187 1266 914 . 2,396,903*
Do. {dutiable).. 5.636,767 3 691,600 3,932,370
Bpee e uid bullion 38,058,334 931 44,34a,466
Total Exports 81Uy,381,914 $102,267 <fJ $126,60^683
Total, ex specie.. 62,323 580 79 98G 758 82.256,2i5
— **
li is a little remarkable that the iarports at flu's
port for the lgst fifeoffi yfear ar<* just, about* one hft.i
dred million dollars in excess of the exports ; but
‘ this must not be taken as an inddx of tbg compara
tive totals for the whole Nearly two
thirds of the imports for the United States are, laud
ed at this port, but only about one thfr d \>l ti» ex
ports shipped from lienee, the bulk of the cotton
£oing forward from the South. —Journal of Com
merce. *
The Grape culture at the West promises to be
one of the most profififttle, as it certainly will be
one ot toe most atti active branches of American
agriculture. If tlfe wines manufactured irom Ame
rican grapes shall supplant the whisky and adultera
tedliquore now so largely consumed in this coufttry,
will be a great advantage to the public health
and toe public morals. The vineyards are dea
cribed as being just now very pleasant. Tiie
vines are at this season of the year iii their most
luxuriant stage of growth, thd blossoms drop
ping from the clusters, and the aroma, which -
most delicate and grateful, filling the air, /egaiing
both the eye and the sense of smell. The grap- s
from which wine is most tfuccesslally made arc
Catawba, the Schuylkill Mfß&riel and the Isabella.
The Swiss introduced Its naauulfiolure into this
country and cultivated considerable*vineyard* at
Vevay, iff Indiana, at lea-t forty years ago. ..They
cultivated the M«seadel, and were most sueeee.dpl.
Mr. Allen, who has brougijt Cata ba wine to Cleve
land from Switzerland fluidity. Indiana, of iris oup
manufacture from the Catawba grape, has twelve
acreaof grapes. One man tends three Acres, and
the product is 5,000 gallons, beHcfes enough Cataw
ba brandy from tbe grape akin* to pay the animal
expesfb of cult,m£. s
A Theatrical EntH% Ia t* The German pa
pers announce the death ofrUount H»he Nenbaus, a
most celebrated character in his day.- H was th§
of the well known Ida, CYtmte** of Hahn-’
Hahn, and had devoted the whole of Ida life and
a Very large fortune to the -stage fn hia eorty lile
he built on his estflte a beauftfnl theatre, wlficb l»e
fitted up m toe most costly manner and for which
he provided ft. regular company *>f actors, maintain
ed at bis own Mostnhrtbe celebrated ac
tors of the day made occasional"appearances on his
l stagey his pefeton, hdwever, him ai d
oue eidate after another hadrto'Tfft sold to defray h>
lavish expenditure. lie.died at Altona, at fife ad
vHßCcd age of sfiventy-eighfc, in needy circurn
stance*. Ife had latterly berm obliged Ho work for
ma we ad and—the “ruling passion sh death"—con
duet ed, as paid mreetor, aprovinetat 4£ieatre, np to
Pith last moments.
, How Fast They Jlied.—The eminent Dr.
Bandens, in an able reported hiioffiefe! mission to
tbe Crimea, affirms that,sos sometime, two hundred
French soldif-rs expired daily between that
aud Constantinopte, aud that the official
conveyed no adequate ql die sufferings and
privations of the troops, and the extent and hor
rors of the mortality. “If ora consult,” he says,
“tbe medical statistics of the hospital establish
ment#, the number of deaths recorded in the hos
pitals was about sufry-three thousand —tbirtv-one
thousand m theOrirfiea, and 1 thirty-two thousand at
.Constantinople. ' Was another campaign possible ?
The Captured blaver —Cducerning the bark
Fancbita, seized on the Africa* coast as a slaver, it
is reported that upon nearing Sandy Hook, befow
New York, on Tuesday, the captain dispatc ied in
formation by a tug to her owners, who hastened
flown to quarantine, boarded the bark and made off
with her papers. The crew are sick with African
fever, andiour of them have been sent to the hos
pital. As aoon aa her arrival was known at the
New York custom-house, Marshal Ryndcrs, with.
Deputies Hogan and Duane, and District Attorney
McKeon, proceeded to quarantine on board a tug
which they’Chartered for the purpose, and tiie Uni
ted States officers took charge a second time.
Sale of Shaksperian Relics.—At a recent
auction sale in London, a copy of the first o
the second part ot Henry IV., printed in lo *
brought SSOO. A copy of the second edition ol H en
ry IV.. printed in 1500. brought *3. J
of "Duitch Ado about Nothing, A.O. 1600, fd-J ,
a copy of liiotard ill, (1600) |315. * cod, of Ku:h
ard 11, (1608; $150; a copy of King Lean, (1608)
SIOO.
Mrs. Moore ia suing Ihe city of Petersburg, V a
for injuries sustained by her falling into a hole in the
street.
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXL NO. 29.
The Walker War.
We watch with interest toe progress of this most
uitereflfeug contest, aud shall record the various
places of the tight for the edification of our readers.
A sprightly passage at arras is ever an interesting
spectacle, and the one in question becomes pecu
l’.arly so,.in contemplation ot the probability of its
resulting iu an interesting war among toe Democ
racy themselves. Matters have an awful squinting
in that direction at the present time, particularly in
the Slate ol Georgia, "where both parties seem
about to be guilty ofrthe folly of “reckoning with
rout tlieir hosts." '’This allusion will be comprehend
ed by reading tho article from the Cassville “ Stand
ard, to be luqud in our present issue.
In surveying tho field, we find quite a variety of
moral spectacles jpp m which to rest and regale the
“Patriot.” for distance, con
, Xv“ e administration has st ripped us of coat,
ii lMlt maintains that we should
nakSiuSsi! 80 long ** we ha *° to hide our
unqncaiiou
, • u'nUirgoni' no small amount of abatement in
its indignation, au,l in fact is becoming neaeSible
■Vnl mV’®' I 7 S UUt sn!iß . tied witl > theVaslungton
Xuiou s explanation, but it is evidently very
anxwus to become so. It narrows down the de
mateW the Southern Democracy to the minimum
, point and looks imploringly towards Washington.—
t is very clear that our Demporatio friend would be
fond to get out of the scrape.
Not so with our chivalrous cotemporary of the
Columbus “Times.” who bravely stands to his c olors,
md with true Palmetto spirit, cries: To arms!
\\ e record & few of big recent bulletins, in case
: omo people may find it desirable to forget them.
Iu a recent issue, the “Times” says :
The Tynes Sentinel w T as the first paper in the
whole Union that nominated James-Buehaiau as
!l»e successor of Franklin Fierce. We have a per
sonal interest therefore in the success of his Admin
istration. aLkeraud his acts must be repudiated
by the Administration, if it hopes to receive South
ern support. The issue is upop us, and the sooner
it is met and decided, the better for the Adminis
tration, the better for the Democratic party, the
better ter the Union. The Southern Democracy
cannot and will not carry Gov. Walker on their
backs. Ho has violated his solemn pledges to
Southern Democratic Senators who urged his ap
pointment to high office up«>n the Administration ;
he has totally disregarded the Cincinnati platform,
and the compacts of the Nebraska Kansas Act in
the administration of his Government; the South
ern people have long lost all confidence in him aa a
man and a politician; he is a gniUfljtone about tbe
neck of the administration, and will drag it down
to inevitable ruin, if he is not removed from hia
place.
How? “long,” our friend of the ‘‘Times” does not
tell us. It will be recollected that this same Walker,
waa upon his appointment to Kansas, but a far
/er 7«\* ago, eulogised by the entire southern Demo
cratic preta, as a trusrpatriot and friend to the South,
and a ‘Thavvellous proper man,” for the place !
In a still later number, the “Times” close Up a
long article, in the following spirited style :
“And who, pray, ia Gov? Walter, that he should
assume to play the tyrant aver a free people ? An
Executive Appointee, yftiose only power and duty
to obey execute the laws of the Territory ;
and yet he presumed to dictate to a body clothed
with all the a win 1 attributes of sovereignty !
His course is utterly inuefensible. Tue Southern
Democracy have reprobated it, and have asked for
his recall.
It is rumored that the Administration will not on
ly refuse to reeUfGov. Walker, but will sustain his
policy. We cannot believe ft. But if it does — l 'lo
your Tip. Is, O Israel!.' will ring like a war cry
from one end pi the SoutlFto the other, and the ad
ministration will forfeit all hold upon the South.
This, as we coucq|ve it, is the position of the
Southern Democracy. They exhibit to day a sub
tune spectacle before the world. A party iu the first
Hush of a glorious victory, and before the spoils «uv
distributed, are ready and prepared to bleak with
the chief of tlieir choice, if the alternative is forced
Upon them, and peril all lor their principles. We
learn tlmt the opposition chuckle over the anticipa
ted-, sciii m in the Democratic Let them
laugfoou. The people of the South are wdth the
Deiqpcracy and will stand by them in this great
emergency.”
Perhaps so. Whatever the “people” may do, it
is very certain that the Southern Democracy will
come up missiug wheu that “sublime spectacle,”
shall be aotually exhibited.— Batch. Rep.
From the N. (J. Picayune , 12//i inst.
Latest from Mexico.
The U. S. mail steamship Texas, Capt. Tiros.
Foroes, commander, reached her wharf at an early
hour this morning, with Vera Cruz advices to Ihe
7th inst., seventeen days later.
The British steamer Dee left Vera Cruz for Ha
vana on the sth inst., with $1,300,000 in specie on
freight.
The Texas brings $42,900 in specie.
Our files of Mexican papers, by this arrival are to
the 3d inst., from the capital. The absorbing ques
tion ofthe day, says toe Trait d’Union, is the pend
ing difficulty with Spain. Innumerable rumors
were iu circulation, but the only thing postively
known was that negotiations between the Spanish
Government and the Mexican Envoy had been sus
pended. In the meantime, tho trial of the assassins
ol Sau Vicente, recently terminated, haa res ill tod
in, the conviction of four of their number, who were
soon to suffer the extreme penalty of the law. What
bearing this circumstance will have upon the ques
tion remains to be seen.
The pouch-talked of invading expedition, just ar
rived at Havana, is still associated in the popular
mind with the movements of Santa Anna, who, the
Moniteur is assurred, by private letter: from Cuba,
was already on tiie island. The same letters, as
also letters received at the capital from Vera Cruz,
t.peak of an expedition toTampioo and the northern
coast, but nothing postively was known.
Up to the latest, accounts received at the capital,
Alvarez had failed to suppress entirely the Indian
insurrection in the South. Several successes are
reported unofficially, but their importance was not
known. It was only certain that the celebrated
Capt. Vicario had beeu several times defeated and
nis forces dispersed The Indians numbered seve
ral thousands.
As to the general state of political affairs, the
Trait d’Union speaks very despoudingly :
The clergy have lost none of their arrogance.—
The reactionary party work in open day, and the
Government has gained nothing either in decision
or iu energy. The elections go on as usual. Every
where the progresistas triumph ? And what ia to be
the result of this triumph. He would be a good
prophet who could predict it. Notwithstanding the
double tax upon real estate and income, the treasu
ry is empty. The decree of the 26th of May, ooldly
received in the capital, has also been badly received
in the States. Iu some places the authorities have
not dared to publish it, and we fear that the result
will prove by no nueaHS profitable to the treasury.
Affairs move on blindly, no one knows how. Public
confidence is very much shaken. No one knows
what to expect. The future is overcast with threat
ening clouds.
This picture is by no means flattering; it is
•nevertheless true. Our sincere symptahy with
Comoufort’s administration compels us to dissimu
late nothing.
The primary elections in the State of Mexico,
Puebla and Queretaro, have resulted In favor of
the Progfesiata party. The legislature of the former
has assembled, and elected D. Riva Palaoio, Gov
ernor.
The papers are full of rumors of another Califor
nia Sonora expedition, undertaken to revenge the
regent massacre. They are "based, however,|only
on the authority of private letters, of no later date
thau our own direct from San Francisco. Oue of
the letters says the expedition is to consist of JftftO
mem It is stated on better authority, that dis
closures, made by 001. Crabb, before his death,
hud,compromised several of tho highest officials of
the State.
The general -health of the Republic continues
good, except in the Southern States, especially Guer
rero, where very fatal epidemic levers prevailed.
The Veia Cruz Progreso, 4th inst., announces
the departure from 1 hat port, in good health and
spirits, of the company of emigrants recently arrived
at that port from tlili • city, for their settlement, at
Papaloapau. The company consists of forty per
' sons, provided with everything necessary for the
HUfcccris of their entefprize
A Tampico corresptgpdent of the Tra : t d’Union
complains bitterly of the evasion of the import flu
tieS on the Rio Brbvof by which the whole country
was flooded With goods of every description, to the
great injury ofthe trade of that port.
Switzerland —The manufacture of cotton by
Switzerland has increased with great rapidity. In
-183 ft ihe republic had in operation 400,000 spindles ;
iu 1840, 750,000 ; in 18 >O, 950,000 ; the number
having doubled in twenty years. This progress in
cotton msiiufecture is the more surprising because
of the heavy expense with which the raw material
is burdened by frrfndit tolls, before it reaches Switz
erland. In-1851. Hie importation of cotton into
Switzerland amounted to 27,035,725 pounds, of
which about one-half was from this country. In
1853, the amount received from this country had
reached about eighteen and one half million pounds,
and the cotton manufactures returned to the United
States 5,265,150 pounds. We also receive from
Switzerland large numbers of watches, besides silk
goods, em i 'ideries, cutlery, mathematical instru
ments, daguerreotype plates, mauufacture|of leather
wool and bar, books, wines, cigars and even
cheese. Tne value of our importations from Switz
erland last year amounted te $8,368.07. This is
undoubtedly below the true amount, as the trade
in Swiss watches, silks, and other merchandise, is
indirect, in a great measure, being carried on at
porta iu England, t rance and Bremen. The trade
ol Switzerland well illustrates her rapid progress.
Iu 1/87 the value of Swiss Commerce to Erance
was 28,000,000 francs ; iu 1855 it was 350,500,000
francs. Since J 845, Switzerland has quite supersed
ed, in the markets ot Gemany and Austna, the
yarns of Great Britain. — Balt Amer.
Our New State Capitol.—A paragraph is go
ing the rounds ofthe papers, stating that, “the Capi
tol of South Carolina, Deing erected at Columbia; is
to cost $2,000,000, and- is of pure white marble. ’
We ckv not suppose there is any doubt but that tt
will cost $2,000,000, but it is not built of pure white
marble, h id to be of the very best quality of
granite, however, and*that of “home production
the quarry being but a couple of miles from the
place where the building is located. —Charleston
CoUrier.
Three Naval Boards of Inquiry have heard and
decided, so far, about, forty cases. Os the one bun
di ed and eighteen applications originally made from
the retired list of two hundred and one onioerg, it m
now •ndcratood th*t not more than one hundred
and eight eases in ali will be fried, several having
withdrawn from the once coveted ordeal. It is sta
ted that perliapeeight or ten restorations have been
recommended altogether, and among these but one
captain, if rumor i»e well founded. Though strenu
oue efforts have been made to induce a publication
of the decision* already mad#, it in believed they
will be until the nominations can be com
munion? od to Congress. — Bali. Bun.
How he LobKS.—The betrothed of the princess
royfcl of England is aa a young man, in
bright about five feet nine inches, complexion fair,
light hair, cut very dose, a still lighter moustache,
which runs into a thin light whisker, and does not
conceal a pair of large red iipa—nose long, eyes
blue, and his face of tne broad German type.
Detection by Ether of a Sham Idiot.— -The
application of the process of etherization has just
been resorted to in Belgium as a means of acqui ring
judicial information. After a considerable robbery
committed at Brussels in November last, two men
named Lerk and Daubner, were wrested and
brought to trial. The former was condemned to liaro
labor for life, but in consequence of 'atterpre
tending to be dumb and idiotic tus tnal »‘!* P“ l I t .
ooried in order that a medical investigation Bhould
Takf place. It was found impossible to get even a
intelligence from him. As it was, however,
known that he had spoken, when he said that he
could speak no language but German, he was eth
erised and while laboring under lie eff*ct of that
application he spoke perfectly and in 1' rench Be
wtws iu consequence again brought before the tri
bunal, and condemned to ten years hard labor.
The beat sculptors in Paris are said to receive, on
an average, four thousand dollars for statues ten
feet h.gh. But tliefcbleet sculptors in Itaiy receive
much less than this sum. The statues recently
erected in Florence to the memory of the illustrious
men of Tuscarfy, sixteen or eighteen in number, cost
something over one thousand dollare each—most of
them executed by men who rank higher in this de
partment Ilian Mr. Powers. It is not pretended
tlmt this sum adequately rewards their talents, but
they accept such commissions to further the patriotic
objects of their government. Mr. Powers himself
gives a guide by which to estimate the price of a
single statue, iu his several copies of the Greek
Slave, which he has sold at $3,000 eash.
From Monday's New York Tribune.
The New York Riot«.
During the latter part of yesterday afternoon
some Germans residing in the neighborhood of ave
nue A and Fourth street manifested some disposi
tion to be quarrelsome, and about 7 o’clock officers
Launey and Wacob, who were on duty in that lo
cality, found it necessary to make an arrest of two
Germans who were engaged iu a fight near the
front of the German Theatre on Fourth street.
The Germans not only resisted the efforts of the
officers themselves, but soon succeeded in enlisting
their countrymen in the neighborhood on their side
aud they commenced a regular attack upon the po
lice with stones, brickbats and other missiles. The
officers managed, however, to bring their prisoners
along some distance, wheu Sergeant Lockwood
went to the assistance of the policemen with a rein
forcement of ten men; *but the mob increased to
such an extern as to drive the police back, especi
ally as stones aud brickbats were showered upon
them from house tops and windows. Officer Had
den fell seriously wouuded, having been struck both
on the top ami back of the head with a large stone
or brick. Officers Davis, Fouutaiu and McMillen
were likewise injured on and about the head.
these circumstances it was thought advi
sable to retreat, After returning as far as First
.avenue and Fourth street, Sergeant Lockwood sent
to the Station House for the balance of the men.—
Capt. Hartt at once marched with all his disposable
force, which with those already out numbered thir
ty-five strong, five abreast toward the disturbed
district. After proceeding a short distance down
the street, the mob discovered their approach and
advanced eight or ten rods to meet them, then halt
ed aud set the boys as an advanced guard to com
mence throwing stones.
The Police m ide another slight advance only,
wishing to avoid getting into the populated section,
where they could throw stones from the house-tops,
t 'ey having nothing but vacant lots on each side ;
but the stones began to come so thick and fast that,
the Police found it necessary either to advance
boldly, or retreat, and they concluded to take the
former course, and with their dubs and revolvers
they finally succeeded in making the mob retreat
ana take shelter in houses and passage ways on
each side of the street.
Some ten or twelve shots were exchanged, and it
is probable that a number of deaths will yet. come to
light, The only one which was ascertained last
night, was that of a German uamed Muller, a black
smith, whoresided at 29 Avenue A, who was pass
ing through the street with his wife and child when
the firing was commenced. 'lie received a ball in
the left breast. The ball penetrated iu a downward
direction, showing that it was fired from one of the
windows or top of a house.
Six ort-even of the rioters were arrested and take*
to the starou house and locked up for examination
One ball struck and entered the heel of officer Mott'
boot, where it otill remains. Officer Adamson ana
several other policemen got injured in the last skir
mish with the mob.
This is said to be the first time that any trouble
has taken place between the German population
aud police of this ward, and the present not is be
lieved to have been instigated by interested parties.
At last accounts from t his district, all was reported
perfectly quiet, and no further outbreak was appre
hended.
Attack on the Police at Seguink’s Point.—
At five o’clock yesterday afternoon our repor.er ar
rived from Staten Island with the intelligence of an
at tack made on Saturday night by a gang of about
a hundred and fifty of the disaffected inhabitants,
residents in the vicinity of Seguiue’s Point. The
attack was a surprise but the force under Capt. Wal
ling—twenty-five of the Metropolitan Police—was
enabled to repulse the assailants, and, so far as our
reporter was able to learn, wi bout loss of life. The
circumstances are as follows :
About lli o clock < n Saturday night, Capt, Wal
ling aud his force ret red to rest in the bunk-house,
situated ou the northeast corner of the new quaran
tine grounds, outside the inclosure—leaving two
men as sentinels. About 12 o’clock, the sentry,
while at the southeast end of the inclosure, near the
ruins of the building burned down by the rioters sev
eral we-ks since, observed a body of men approach
ing the grounds from the direction o f ‘ the caudle fac
tory, situated on the road south of Seguiue’s Point,
They numbered about. 30. Tne sentry immediately
hailed them and demanded to know who they were.
They replied “friends.” He next asked them their
business, and they replied, that “they had come to
clean the police out of the place.” The seutry told
them they could pans no further.
The second sentry hearing this reply, at once ran
to the bunk-room and h -,/e the alarm. Iu the mean
time, however, another body of the assailants had
attacked the dock builders, about fifteen in number
who were staying in a place a short distance north
of the inclosure, and had driven them out. They ran
to the inclosure for safety, and also gave the alarm.
A minute or two after the alarm was given the men
were ready, and at once Sergeant Seaman rau to
ward the ruins with his musket. Ou arriving, be
fouud them within fifty feet es the inclosure. He
ordered them to hall, and demanded to know what
they wanted. lie lmd hardly spoken wheu one of
the assailants called out, “Shoot the d—d sou of a
b—h.” Observing them to raise their guus, Mr.
Seamen fired his musket upon them.
This for the .moment cheeked them, and taking
ad van tag.; of the delay, Mr. Seaman ran toward the
hunk house, some 500 feet distant. When he had
run about fifty feet the attacking party fired upon
him, one of the shots passing through the fleshy part
of (his hand above the little finger and anothergoing
through his hat above his beau. The rioters then
placed themselves behind the cellar walls on the
site of the building destroyed by tire, and protected
by that commenced a vigorous fire upon the bunk
house. In the mean time, Capt. Walling’s men pre
pared for the attack, and a portion of their number
passed into the inclosure to resist any attack which
might be made t here. The men about the bunk
house returned the attack of the party occupying
the cellar, and for several minutes a brisk fire was
kept up. The distance between the two parties—
—soo teet—was too great to enable either to take
effective aim in the night time, and our Reporter
was unable to learn positively whether any were
killed or wounded. None of the police, however,
were wounded except Mr. Seaman. But while this
skirmish was going on, a diversion had been made
by a much larger party of the assailants, number
ing near a hundred, on the west side of the grounds.
The property is inclosed by a close fence made of
upright boards about fifteen feet high. With axes
and crowbars they soon tore off four or five of the
boards, but anticipating a movement of this kind to
capture and set fire to the three buildings within the
enclosure, Capt. Walling was ready with a portion
of his force within, and they had no sooner effected
an entrance than they were met with a fire of Min
nie muskets. The fire was returned and the fight
ing continued for several minutes, seeing, however,
that their success in taking the place was not pro
bable, they retreated from the breach made, and
ran down the road whence tney came; they were
joined there by the party who had occupied tne cel
lar wall.
At a short distance below the southside of the
enclosure they halted aud opened a fire upon the
bunkhouse, which was within range. This was re
turned by the police, and was continued for ten
minutes by both parties, when the assailauta retired.
The bunkhouse is a cheap structure, made of rough
boards, for the accommodation of the men. Its
south side was often struck by the balls from the
guns of the attacking party, some of which were an
-ounce in weight. Several bullets which had gone
through the sides of the house were found on the
floor after the engagement was over.
Whether any were killed of the assailants had not
transpired wheu our reporter left Staten Island. A
gentleman who lives below the Point sLated to
Capt. Walling that when the party returned from
the attack he heard them speaking of some of their
number being wounded.
Thk Grasshopper Plagck op Minnesota.—
A letter from Anoka, M. T., fully confirms the one
lately published about the destruction of crops by
the grasshopper army travelling south from Red
River. The writer says :
“Their favorite food is tender garden vegetables,
beaus, onions, carrots, turnips, ire. Potatoes are
ruined by being divested of nil leaves. Last season
they arrived too late to destroy wheat and corn.
But considering their immense numbers,.the
ground being literally covered with them in many
places, farmers considered themselves lucky in get
ting rid of them as easily as they did, for with the
sharp frosts of Autumn and the diappearance of
vegetation they gradually died off. But this was
not the end thereof. It seems that eating did not
occupy all Iheir tune or attention. Careful observ
ers saw them busy upon the ground about some
thing, which now proves to have been depositing
I heir eggs, which naturalists say the females lay to
the number of one hundred and titty. We had
very.severe weather here last Winter, the mercury
several times sinking more than 40° below zero, yet
those eggs almost on the surface of the ground as
they were, came out bright in the Spring. As soon
as the snow was gone and the ground began to get
warm the grasshoppers began to come up, some
early and others later, according li the situation the
eggs had to the sun. They have been batching ever
since, and I presume are not all out yet. When
first hatched they are quite light in color and hut
small in size. But there are two things that they
can do “right smart” from the first, viz hop and
eat. They hop first, and keep hopping till they
find something that suits them to eat, and they are
nowise dainty about it either, for they don t stop
until the supply is exhausted. Os course the conse
quences are most disastrous Whole acresot wheat
are completely eateu and destroyed in a day. ,Oate
fare no better, and corn will doubtless share the
same fate. Some farmers becoming discouraged,
stopped short m their planting and sowing, declar
ing tbry would not waste their seed. Olliers put In
their whole crop, but with taint prospect ot ever
getting back anything. Some have hoped that they
would leave, which they doubtless will do when
they get wings, which will not be, I fear, till every
thing" in the way of crops is destroyed As yet they
don't eat grass much, but of course when other
things are gone they will take that, and then stock
must suffei. Wuter treatment seems to snit them,
for they are all the smarter after a hard rain. They
come irom the West aqd travel East; and when
they have eaten everything jn Minnesota, lowa,
Wisconsin and Illinois will have to share the same
fate, as our stock is sufficient for all the country be
low us.
A Needle in the Heart. —A young man in En
gland lately had a needle penetrate bis breast and
enter his heart, breaking short off, and leaving near
ly three fourths of an inch of steel in the muscles.—
To extract the needle the surgeon laid bare the tttr
lace of the heart, and the portion of the needle was
drawn out with forceps. Inflammation had yet in ;
but it is regarded as «e most uncommon operation
and singular accident, showing that the heart itselr
may sustain a sharp wound without, death immedi
ately following.
Cotton Goods. —The Steam Duck Cotton Mill at
Rookport having a large surplus ofgoods on hand,
has suspended operations for the present. It cot
ton should continue to go up, and we see by the
las f arrival from Liverpool that it was firm at lo
aud 17 cents per pound, we do not see what is to
prevent all the cotton mills suspending, unless there
is a correspoding rise in the manufactured articles,
which cannot be expected so bug aa the market*
are full, and the demand light.— Ntwburyport Hm -
aid.
It is told that when Minister Miles prayed for rain
he left nothing uncertain.
kno west we do not want Thee to send us a rain
which shall peur down in fuiy and awed our streams
and sweep away our hry cocks, and fences and
bridges ; but Lord we want it to come drizzle droz-
Z l e __drczzle for about a week—Amen.
Bank of ll am bUßt». —We are informed that on
the 6th inst., the Bank of Hamburg paid a semi an
nuai dividend out ot the proflts Cf l® B *' naif year,
at the rate of 12 per cent, per annum, 0*“!* carried
$11,369 to credit of surplus fund.— Char. o-° ur '
Okanoe Pml. The especial attention of parents
and others is called to the toUowing tacts:
The New York Journal of Commerce learns that
a little son of Robert Oliver, of that city, about live
years of age, is now lying in a very critical condi
tion from the effects 4>f orange peel. Barents can
not be too cautious in keeping orange peel from
their children, as it contains an active poisonous oil,
which in many instances has caused the death of
persons who indiscreetly made use of them. Life
is jeopardized every time the rind is taken into the
stomaeh.
ThkeeMore United States Akrests. —Three
more parties have been arrested in Ohio and held to
bail, charged with obstructing United States officers
in the execution of their duty in the “Grteu county
rescue case.” They are Probate Judge Baldwin,
Sheriff’ Clarke, and State Senator Brand, Cham
paign county. They were arrested iu Urb&na by
United States Deputy Marshal Poffeubarger, and
produced before united States Commissioner New
hall, in Cincinnati, aud were held to bail iu $1,500
each to appear for examination, at their request,feu
the 14th inst. *