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li'! W. S. JONES.
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RcmlnUo~fcre eT I*l —The Defence es Bal
timore.
7’- twelfth of S*p*ember i§ a day memorabl#* in
I • , mi!’*ary arr.als of oar neighboring rity of Bal
| • • r* nrd m * bierve that on Saturday !F the
0 D* / ’^^D<i*'rß ,, and their in accord
* #■.-.'*** w -j) custom, duly hocojed by a
.. b*i ■ Ihe forty-third ai*nivorßary of the Bat
1 : c / N'irth Point.
T■ e occasion *•*: T<ye**t* to the mind of an eye-wit
, i +<A rr any rs tL*. infiienra connected with the
v r.. c .f Baltimore, the propriety of correcting
r - ii f the inaccuracies w hich, in fatter year*, have
i * the co-’- nnteof tbia gal’ant exploit, a
hare been ai.cually a<yy>unted by pnblic jour
1 The battle es North Point and the bombardment
r ■t M
j * \ Tfiece to appear ax bat one conflict. Tnia war
**. • • •;. *T teengeifement with the Bririehland
: ? - - centred * r eight nil a from the city,
! r ‘ - mair %and to North Point, on the
i /’ AJt: o* f Sep’embor, end the bombardment of Fort
‘.!• lieu’-y ( curred on the aucceeding day and
t\h* thirteenth.)
‘ ■ Ai y.h Citiseos of Baltimore were for a
threatened with a aieit from the British
; tying in the waters of the Chesapeake, yet
j th** * *■.. pr h*-n- ca w*-re not seriously excited un
i k c \’ {t) - capture of Washington, when it be
-*nr a ortaii: that a forntiidable demonatration upon
LM! : rc would n*-t be much longer deferred.
1 li* means of defence had not been neglected, but
•rj vi *p us n eßAure* were at once adopted
j * . . ... < 3 the ir labors in the way of
- iv nni fortifications on Sunday, the 28th of Au
’ *, and th* promptitude with which lh“ woik waa
- n-d ryir.ferred the highest credit on ail con
cerr-ed in it
The ‘ rt fications in the eastern part of the city
.**':-eUjdwi a ■ ng line of eartheru breastworks,
whi'di w,:ro hrjiiiiy thrown up in the ofaeve
•ft> on tue crown of Hempstead Hill, Uoften
al -i L .udeociager’s Hill.) Theae woiks, of which
n ( seatige* no* re iiains, cornroenceu near the bank
..f f,e harbor, s.me datanoe westward of what i3
,w caJ-d ‘ Gan N-n,” and extended from the ha
. in a nort. - r.y direc*.i<u aa tar as the Philadel
;iar.*ad, iK-tet Baltimore street.) and then in
i ried to the northwest, towards the old marine has
Hft!
A r that time the city was about one-fourth of its
nref'i)t *l**l, containing only some fifty thousand
of whom one-filth at least were blacks.
Even Baltimore street waa not settled further east
w ri than Caroline street, beyond which, on the
ine of Baltimore street, there were bst four or five
muses, the one furthest east being at the corner of
Via ke? street, from which point to near the apex of
Hemps ead Hill there was no sign of improvement
r-xi -ot. C e road and some fences which marked the
i; e res of grave yards or barren fields. Off the
i ;:o . f Baltimore htreet, to the north, there were no
improvements, and for several squares south of
ha’ :ine, and eastward of Market street, no build
.;j/b wf e erected, with the exception of two or three
fop*walks Kell’s Pout, all around the wharves,
tod thence northwardly and north-westerly for some
distance, thickly settled, and was an active bu
nim-ss place, where resided some of the most enter
rising niliaens; but that portion of the city was
• purated from tlie other, ia a marked degree, by
mi extensive wfcete ab ng the course of Harford
Run, which, with the grounds lying eaetwardly of
hat ;n and south of Baltimore street, about
hoc i,trof which is now situated the Eastern
vjrty Ngri.)g,were almost wholly destitute of im
provement.
Th brief reference is made to the then condi
i nos that portiouof the city in order to apprise
. reader that comparatively little property would
‘tavy endangered by the shots of the enemy if
** had ventured au attaok upon the fortifications
a Hempstead 11:11 above partially described.
1 Ij grcit length of the breastworks there erected
remembered, but si -ng the line of them,
•tft - - •! tedistano s, were arranged several ef
ective t* batteries, well mounted with
• ii.non end ably manned, some of them by volcn
er artili-ry companies of Baltimore ana others
y H iilore end meii of war’s nen, whilst the spaces
iiu-t! intervened between the batteries were oceu
i bv ‘h*i county milltio and portions of the militia
■ iii i<!jT:t States, who had patriotically hasten
i loll.;, ft* intniice of their beleagured feilow citi
. >n- of Ba timore. And, in addition to the forces
.. . ty mentioned, neatly all of the Baltimore bri
. ;i p.-sed of cavalry, artillery, riflemen, and
. ! - ry, to the number of more than three thousand
no tv its assigned positions in aod ab>ut these eu
trencbuients.
ii i;re were other so tlflcations at other points of
’ .-ity, whicb will bo ti“tived in due tiir#
i ; ♦.* oMU-i- anJer in oliielor the American forces
1 ;A . .. General Samuil Smith, a resident of
•v: , ... , , t lievoiut unary renown, who for many
, b ihart riorand posterior to the year 1814,
r e a Beuatorin (Jongn m trom the State of Mary
. i. IL* woe ably at ited by other officers, both
tliria and ot the regular army, and alan >f
■ • im y ; aut their plan of defence was faithfully
iid cctur-. cously s retained hy the officers and so!-
t.e. • wi; > were entrusted with its execution. A1
u, L was not the fortune of a large portion ot
ho ~ vvh > wore under arm to have an opportunity
oe:i..;age with the enemy, yet their cheerful eub
ii**s!i n to the fatigues and privations ofthe camp
and the alacrity with which they discharged every
uty icq : red of them, justify tn belief that, if they
t f u c.alled upon t* perform the sternest duties
I he oldier, they would fiave acquitted themselverf
vi h a gallantry no loft nignal than was displayed
v th* ii companions in arms to whom were naeign
•d positions of the greatest danger.
hk Haiti.f or North Foist.—On Saturday,
ln-llbh of S*pteicbr*r. it was ascertained that the
;>r. imi was ascending Chesapeake Bay. The
, to the i umb-r oi forty or fifty, were seen
.ntho morning of Sunday (the 11th) at the mouth
f thj Patapsi * river Which waft entered by some
be t while? others proceeded to North Point,
V the mouth of the Patapsco, which le distant from
- city twelve mileft by water and fourteen miles
y h.n<!. At this Boint, durit.g Sunday night, the
*’,q.o c insnenoed debarking their troops, which
va- not completed until Monday morning ; and
me henvily-arined ships remained at hand to pro
• tet th troops thus lauded.
In the meantime a portion ofthe fleet, consisting
offriga-es, bonib-Bhips. &c., proceeded up the river
| vitliavicwto the investment of Fort McHenry,
| within two and a half miles of which fortress sixteen
’ hips, pi eventing a veiy formidable line, were rang
eri i t.ic course of Monday and Monday night,
j t o r.nv unt of t ree debarked at North Point for
! ho Lud a*, tack upon tlie city was from eight to nine
1 Ici itid men, consisting of soldiers, sailors, and
ii i,:.i s the wh le being under command of Major
; :t rel ifr'ftft, eccompanied by Admiral Cockburn.
■ lh * troops were not unkuown to fame, as being a
I *f •’VVi'nington sinvinoibles.”
I Ai tcpv ii g the landing of this force, Brig. Gen.
j ,* \n st: • ker. in dtrmmand ofthe Baltimore brigade
! f volunteers and militia, had beeu detached on
! .midny evening, with a portion of his brigade, on
* i.e North Point road. His force, composed of
mi Tmed aid uutinitormed militia, consisted of a
| ittie upwards of three thousand men, as follows :
1 1 hi’ filth regiment, under Lt. Col. Sterret, 560
I- ng!); the s xth regiment, under Lt. Col. McDonald,
men; the twenty-seventh regiment, under Ll
■ ! L ng, 500 ran , th** t drty ninth regiment, un-
Ii r L Col Fowler, 450 men; the fifty first regi
, ut, under LN Col Amey,7oomen; abattaliou of
,ti ikii, under Cap Dyer, 150 men; a squadron
If ca\n!ry, under Lt. Col. Blays, 140 men; and one
>'iiq any ot ariil.ery, wilii six four pounder guns,
4iur Copt. Montgomery, 7S xnenj making an ag
:regateof 3.185 men
j (it ii Strieker moved towards North Point by the
{ aaM'.roed. and at o’clock at night reached the
i \ g bt-uie, near ihe head of Bear creek, seven
ud-o t oa the city. There the brigade halted, with
-o except it u A tlie cavalry, who were pushed for
. trd to G rsuchs farm, three miles in advance of
encan>parent In these positions the brigade
et-d fur the night. Geu. Strieker, in his ffici&l
tjv t, relates with much particularity theoccur
* • *•* ot the ueit day, (the 12th) We quote from
that report i
Ais ven o’clock in the morning of the 10th I
eceived information trom the advanced videttes
at tiie enemy w ere debarking troops from and un
cover of their gun vessels, which lay off the
duffel North Point, within the mouth of Patapaeo
v t *r 1 iunm-d a ely ordered back my baggage
luder a slroug guard, moved iorw&rd the sth and
7;n n-giments and my artillery to the head of
ng iane, (so-called,) resting the sth with ite
igut on ih* tifHd **f a branch of Bear creek, and its
: i on the maiu North Point road, while the 27th
.•as posted ou the opposite side of the road in lino
. th the i :, it- leit extending towards a branch of
; ,k liver. The artillery I posted directly at the
ad, ft‘ lane, in thetuierval between the sth and
,7*h. The 39th occupied aground three hundred
:.i in the rear of the 27th, and the slst the same
acc iu the ronr of the s'h, extendingeaoh paral
| .to tie trim! line. The 6:h regiment was thrown
| -.--fe to a eiiion a short distance thisside of Cook's
I iv, n\ tu i a half a mile in the rear of the second
| Mv orders were that the sth and 27th should
I ,-reive the enemy, and, if Decenary, fallback
lough the 51stand 39th, aad form on the right of
!e 6 li or ree rvo regiment. The riflemen were
rdered to the tk n* of a thick low pine wood, be
. ,1 the ti’a.’ksinith's shop, with a large sedge-fiel ’
| t'roi: - , the:, .-a the cavalry were still in advance,
j tu> world i onn him of the enemy's approach,
’ .st v might take advantage of the covering of the
I- v i'd a and annoy hie advance. I soon learned that
•V-e . v'a advance t arty was moving rapidly up
he main road, and, as the cavalry continually an
ou.ioek their progress, I flattered myself with the
Mine u at the r den en would soon proclaim, by a
; og fire, their still nearer approach. Imaginemy
h inn wht-n I perceived th? whote rifle corps fali
,'g back upon my main position, having ioo credu
.■Ufi) listened to groundless Information that the
j ■, u y were landing ou Back river to cot them off
I Iv 1” pee of early annoyance to the enemy being
li.- frosti ocd. l’threw “the riflemen on the right
dank of my front line, thereby, with the addition of
j , ‘ew cavalry, very well securing that flank. ’
The General soon received information from his
I ;det:--s that an advance pary of ! he enemy was at
i t rsvcli s tatm. and tome of our officers Tolunteer-
I od it. r companies to dislodge it.
| “ Captains Levering and Howard's companies
; ’ ora the sth, about 150 in number, under Major
I death of tea: regiment; Capt Aisquith's an 1 a
’ s . ther riflemen, ia all about 70 j one four-pound
w :i ten u.en. under Lieut. Slilee, and the naval
iv, w t re immeciately pushed forward to punish the
s ‘.ecce ofthe enemy’s advance, or, if lit main
dy s, neared, to give evidence of my wish for a
t.-rs -. ogaremont. Ib# latter purpose was eoon
i -(tot: Tins email volunteer corps had proceed
‘ • 0.-c, ely half a mile, before the main b -dv of tba
• wed -.’self. which wa immediately at
,cked The htfaauy and riflemen maintained a
e- so • ... minutes. and rat rad with aome lot* In
: cavalry and artillery,
iit ’he -.iuadvxu’ageou* ground. not being
app- rttbem l-.iMsskirmishMajorHeath *
0. se waa nl.led umierhun.’’
X e i*t i-tri, action did no*, commence until balf
ftiv. ( ’clock i the afternoon. It ia thua de
i ited by Oen. Strieker*
” 1 ne ( Deny con menced throwing rocket? acre??
•)’ lei. dink, which seamed hannh-es, and had no
•■■rid c: than to pi spare my line for the aound of
■e ar*. e-y. vh'ch wa. soon commenced by me on
or enemy , i/bt column. theD paehinjr acroes to
- anic m> left, and ret-arned by their six-poundecs
a h''-vi'icr upon my lett and Centre. The can
adit g wa? hi irk fer s une minute?, when I order
d t.y fire to cerae until the enamy ahould get witn
uc.o-e tange of canniter.
, “ Seeing that my left dank waa the object of the
• t r.t ■: y. I brought up the 39th into tine, on the left
■ f the E?th and detached two piece* of artillery to
1 the left .if the 39th. Still more eeetsrely to protect
1 toy left dank, Col Amey, of the diet, waa ordered to
I form his regiment at right angle* with my line, reet- ;
n g hie right near the left of the 39th Tcis order i
i rn badly executed, ereated for a moment, aome ‘
t oufiti-i u ia that quarter hut wa* aoon rectified c y t
j a t du.ta of my atd-dt oamn and brigade mqjor, i
I ~ o corrected the error of Col Amey, and poated
I . e Me’ in i's ordered poeirion.
’ the enemy’* ngtt column displayed and adran
ed up- n lLe 39th and 27th. Ihe hiet. ntnniudful
j . t try object to use its fire in protection of my left ,
, nat.k. in t are an attempt ehou'u be made to turn it, ]
• .y toryettul es the honor of the brigade, and re ‘
i ot iu own reputation, delivered one ran- I
I oom lire and retreated precipitately, and in inch
j ’.N il—The c v-rwpondmt fih Inte’.ligeneer i* ,
■ in.-tarsu mth s fact Many \ -.Ufe. of itwwa fofiidca-
I (, cu 1 remait. thoM new ecc oaed within the limit* 1
II es the Public Walk” beutg perttapa the meet eonapicu
.na Otter uweea at ita *art_*p twniggk <u be
1 an i n beak aMe* IWilifra **A iWi *efc
confusion as to render effort of mine to rally
them ineffectual. Some disorder wad occasioned in
the second battalion of the 39th by the flight of the
51st. and a few gave way.
‘ The fire now became general from left to l ight.
My artillery in the centre scored forth an i- ceftSan:
volley of canister upon the enemy’s foil column,
who were endeavor ng to gam of a email
log house, about fifty yarda in front of the sth ;
which, however, caution had been taken to fire to
soon as Capt. Saddler's yagers of the sth (who were
originally posted therein/ should be oompeiled to
leave it
‘•The ece l y’s line advanced about ten minute*
before 3 o’clock, with a severe fire, which was well
returned by the artillery, the whole 27tb, the sth,
(except the three companies of Capts. Levering,
Howard, and Saddler, which were ioo much ex
hausted by the advanced ekirrai*bof the two form
er, and the ordere retreat of the la*ter to resume
riieir position in lino.) and from the first battalion of
the 39th, who maintained its ground in despite of the
disgraceful example set by the intended support on
’he left.
“The fl*-e was iace?*ant till about 15 mmutes be
fore 4 o’clock when finding that my line, now i,400
strong, was inau.: dent to withstand the superior
numbers of the enemy, and my left flank beiug ex
posed by the desertion of the slst, I was constrain
ed to order a movement Lack to the reserve regi
ment, unuer Colonel McDonald, which was well pos
ed t j receive the retired line, which mostly rallied
well.
“On forming with the Cth, the fatigued state of
th 6 regiment and corpa which had retired, and the
probability that my right slink might be turned by
% quick movement of the enemy m that direction,
induced me after proper deliberation, to fell bac k to
Worthington's mill, which I wa* the mor persua
ded to by my desire to have the C;h regiment
(whose officers and men were eager to share the
dangers of their brother soldiers) perfect and in
good order to receive the enemy on his nearer ap
proach to the city.
“All retired as I coaid wish, and were ready to
act as circumstances might require. In this sirua
rion you found the brigade on the morning of the
I3ih, somewhat fatigued, but with increased confi
ieiioe in ourselves, and renewing our preparation
tor the annoyance of the enemy, alone if deemed
proper; or in oonjunc ion with any other force.”
Upon the return to the cit) of Gen. Strieker, with
his brigade, be took poet on the left of the entrench
ments on Hempstead Hill, aud about hall a mile in
advance of them, where he was joined by Gen.
Winder, of the United States anny, who had been
stationed in the we?t of the city, but was now or
dered to march with Gen. Douglas’ brigade of Vir
ginia militia and the United States dragoons under
Captain Bird, and take poet on the left of General
Strieker.
During these movements the militia brigades of
Gen. Stan bury and Gen. Forman ; the seamen and
marines under Commodore liudgers ; the Pennsyl
vania volunteers under Cols. Cobeau aud Findlev,
and the Baltimore artillery under Capt. Stiles, man
ued the trenches and batteries on Hempstead Hill,
all prepared to receive the enemy.
The tro'ips maintained their position during the
night. Whet occurred in that section of the city on
Tuesday, the 13ib, is concisely stated in the report
of Mejor General Smith, aa follows :
“ Ou Tuesday the enemy appeared in front of my
entrenchment at the distance of two miles, on the
Philadelphia road, from whence he Lad a full view
of our pvaition. He manoeuvred during the morn
ing, toward* our left, a* if with the intention of ma
k ng a circuitous inarch and coming down on the
Harford or York roads. Generals Winder and
Strieker were ordered to adept their movements to
those of the enemy, so as to oafilo this supposed in
tention. They executed this order with great Ekill
and judgment by taking an advantageous position,
•stretching from the left across the country, where
the enemy was likely to approach the quarter he
seemed to thi eaten. This movement induced the
enemy to concentrate his forces (between one and
two o’clock) in my front, pushing his advance to
within a mile of us, driving in our videttes, aud
showing an intention of attacking us that evening.
I immediately drew Generals Winder and Strieker
near to the left of my entrenchments and to the
right of the enemy, with the intention of their fall
ing ou his right or roar, should he attack me ; or if
he declined it, of fettioking him in the morning. To
this movement, and to the strength of my defence,
which the enemy had the fairest opportunity of
overseeing, I am induced to attribute his retreat,
whioh wan commenced at half past one o’clock on
Wednesday morning. In this he was so favored by
the extreme daiknesa and a continued rain that we
did not discover it until daylight. I consented to
General Winder’s purauing with the Virginia bri
gade and the United States dragoons; at the eaiae
lime Mejur Randall was dispatched witn hie light
oorpa, in pursuit of the enemy's right, whilst the
whole of the militia cavalry was put in motion for
the same object. All the troopa were, however, so
worn out with continual watching, and wits being
under arms thre j days and nights, exposed the great
er part of the time to very inclement weather, that
it was found impracticable to do anything more
than pick up a few stragglers. The enemy com*
uienced his embarkation that evening ana com
pleted it the next day at one o’clock It would
have been impossible, even bad our troops been in
a condition to act offensively, to have cut off any
part of the enemy’s rear guard during the embarka
tion, as the point where it was effected was defend
ed iroin our approach by a line of defence extend
ing from Back river to Humphrey’s creek on the
Patapsco, thrown up by ourselves [some time] pre
vious to their arrival.”
Os the American force in the action at Norih
Point twenty-five were killed, one hundred aud
twenty were wounded, and fifty three were cap
tured by the enemy, making a total loss of two hun
dred and thirteen men The loss of the British fore h
was much greater. Their own official report admits
forty killed, including General Ross, and two hun
dred and .itty-ouo wounded.
With reference to the conduct of all the troops
under his command, except the 51st regiment, Gen.
Smith speaks in terms of the highest praise. The
compiler of this account, however, has reason to be
lieve that the delinquency of the derelict regiment
resulted rather from waut of military skill on the
part of its commanding officer than from any fault
of the men undt r his command.
Bombahoment of Fort Mcllenrt.—The de
fence of Fort McHenry was an important event in
the operations connected with the siege of Balti
more, which, owing probably to the comparitively
email number of citizens engaged in it, does not re
ceive due prominence in the celebrations of the pre
sent day.
The fortifications defending the approach (by wa
ter) to the city on its southern side may bo thus de
scribed : Commencing at the outermost point w’as
Fort McHenry, between which aud the Lazaretto
lies the narrow strait through which alone the har
bor can be entered. The fort was then only about
half its present size, nor were its batteries and other
appliances so well arranged as they new are so” ef
fective defence. It mounted probably about forty
gun?, m* stjof them 32pounders, and a few 42’s. The
Lazaretto was the headquarters of Barney's flotil
la, and had mounted upon its wharf only three or
four guns. Westwardly of the fort at a distance of
a mile and a quarter, waft what is called the “oity”
or “sx-guir’ battery, behindau earthen breast-work
on the south shore. This battery was In charge of
Lieut. Webster, with a detachment of Barney’s flo
tilla. Still further west was a temporary brick de
fence. of circular form, called Fort Covington, which
mounted guns. It was in charge of a detach
ment oi Rodgeis’ men, under command of Lieut.
Newcomb. A little southwest of the old powder
house was a large circular earthen work, (the me
morials of which still exist,) some ot whose guns
could be brought to range over either of the tem
porary defenoesjußt described, and others of them
oould command the road leading from Fort McHen
ry. The auxiliary defences, ad a small mud en
trenchment west of the Ferry Bar, were deemed
ueceasarv to prevent the landing of the enemy, by
means of small vessels or barges in that branch of
the Patapaeo river which is called the Ferry Branch
or “Spring Gardens.” And the judiciousness cf
these fortifications on the southern shore a iuth of
the city was fully vindicated by the fact that it was
just under the guns of t ee works that a landing
was attempted by the “storming party” from the
British fiect at midnight of the 13th September. No
other attempt to land was made near the ity, and
the u annor in which this attempt was ©pulsed is
shown in the subjoined report of Col. Armistead.—
None of these auxiliary works were endangered by
the bombardment, they being much beyond the
reach of the enemy’s shells. Neither did his shells
reach the entreuchments on Hempstead Hill, which
is on the Northern side of the harbor, distant be
tween one and two miles from Fort McHenry. It
was against the latter and main fortification that all
the host le efforts of the fleet were directed.
The troops in the fort consisted of one company
of United States artillery, under Capt. Evans; two
companies of sea-fencibles, under Capt. Banbury
and Capt. Addison ; three companies of volunteer
artillery, commanded respectively by Capt. John
Berry. Cpt. Joshua H. Nicholson, and actmg Capt.
Charles Pennington, and a detachment of sailor?
from Burney's dotilla, under the command of Lieut
Kodman. The volunteer artillerist? numbered some
260 men; the United States artillery and fenoibles
about 150 ellective men, (some being on the sick
list.) and the detachment of sailors from 60 to 80
men. The volunteer artillerists were familiar with
their batteries and the management of their heavy
guns, as they had accepted this post of danger
some months previously to the battle, and bad
ample opportunity tor practice. There were alio
held in reserve near the fort a large detachment of
United Statee intantry, to be called into action in
case their services were needed to repel a landing
of the invading forces at that point.
It will have been seen that the enemy made hi?
approach by water towards Fort llcHenry at the
same time that his army was advancing by land
from North Point toward* the eastern part of the
city.
Early on Tuesday morning, the 13th. the attack
was commenced on the fort. It is justly deecr bed
in Ntiee’ Register as being ‘terribl, gTand and
magnificent.” The enemy's vessels firmed a great
half oirole in front of the work, but most es the time
out of the reach of ourguns, whilst not unfrequently
several of their heavy bombs were in the air a’ the
same time. To this unequal warfare the officers
and men in the fort were expoeed during a penod of
twentw-fiTe hours, but notwithstanding ail tbe dis
advantages of their position and armament, the
enemy received a meet decided repulse.
Tue leading incident? of the attack and defence
are briefly- related by its commander, Lieutenant
Colonel (Jeorge Armistead, of ‘.he United States
army, in his report to the Secretary of War, which
we copy nearly entire :
” Fort McHisrt. Sept 34, ! ,1814.
“ giu : —A severe indi-position. the effect of great
fat gne and exposure, nas prevented me heretofore
from presenting you with an account of the attack
on ibis post.
“On the night of Saturday, tha 10th instant, the
British deet, consisting of shipe-of the line, heavy
frigates and bomb-vessels, amounting in toe wti -le
to thirty tail, appeared at the month of the river
Patapeco. with every indication of an attempt upon
the city. , , .
•• On Monday morning very early it was per
oeived that the enemy was landing troop? on the
east side of the Patapsco, dis ance about ten miles,
1 from toe fort.j Luring that day and the a suing
night he had brought sixteen ships (including five
bomb ships) within al out two mile* aud a had of
this fort.
*• I had arranged mv force as follow?. —the regu
lar artillerists, under Capt. Evans, and the volun
teers, under Capt. Nicholson, manned the bastions
in the star fort Captains Bunbury's, Addison’s,
Rodman's. Berry’s, and Lieutenant Commandant
Pennington s command were stationed in the lower
works, and the infantry, under Lieut. CoL Stewart
and Lane, were'in the enter ditch, to meet
the enemy at his landing, should he attempt one.
“ 0° Tuesday morning about sunrise the enemy
commenced tne attack from his five bomb vessels,
at the distance of about two mile*, and kept up an
incessant and wed directed bombardment. We im
mediately opened our batteries, and kept up a brisk
tire from our guns and cur mortar*; but, aufortu
natery, our shot and shells all fell considerably short
:of bun. This was to me a meet distressing etreum
•tance. as it left me expoeed to a constant and tre
I mendona .bower of shell*, without the most remote
possibility of our doing him the slightest injury It
affords me the highest gratification to state that
though we were left thus expoeed and thus inactive
not a man shrank from the conflict.
‘•About 2 o clock P. M .one of the twenty-four
I o* the Sc-uiiiweAt oaaUgii, under the imtne
i conimaad of Capt. Nieholeon, wae dismounted
by a ahed, the expkwcm from which killed hkee
or>nd iieUTenant and wounded several of his men
The bustle. ne*c<teaaniy produced in removing the
wounded ana replacing the gun probably induced
i to su?peel we were in a *tate of confu
! “ be brought in three of his bomb ahipe in
whet I believed to be good striking distance. I im
i ordered a fire to be opened, which wa
I ttjunxe. ’.sasssi
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MOANING, OCTOBER 28, 1857.
themselves by withdrawing beyond our reach. Wa
gave three cheers, ana again ceased firing.
“The enemy continued throwing ohei‘a, with one
or two silight intermissions, till 1 o'clock in the mom
imr of Wednesday, when it was disc- vered that he
Qai availed himself of the darkness of the night aud
bad thrown a considerable force above to our right;
they Lad Approached vt-ry near to Fort Covington,
whtu they began to throw rockets—intended, I pr c *
suiue. to give them an opportunity of examining the
shores, as I have sinoe understood they ha de
tached twelve hundred and fifty picked men. with
ladders, for the purpose ot storming this
We once more had an epportunity of opening
our batteries, and kept up a continued blase for
nearly two hours, which had the effect again to
drive them off.
“In justice to Lieut. Newoomb. of the United
States Navy, who commanded at Fort Covington,
whiib * detachment of sailors, and Lieut Webster,
of ihe flotilla, who commanded the six gun battery
near that fort, I ought to state that during this time
they kept up an animated and, I believe, a very
destructive fire, to -which I am persuaded we are
much indebted in repulsing the enemy. One cf his
sunken barges has since been found with two dead
men in it, others have been seen floating in the
river.
“The only means ws had of 1 directing our guns
was by the blase of their recketa and the flash of
‘heir guns Had they ventured to the same ituv
tion in the day time not a man would have oa
caped.
“The bombardment continued on the part of the
enemy untii 7 o'clock on Wednesday morning
when it ceased ; a and about 9 o’clock their ships got
under weigh ana stood down the river. During the
bombar ment, which lasted twenty five hours, with
two slight imerm ssions, from the beet calcu!aiion
I can make from fifteen to huudred shell?
were thrown by the enemv. A few of these fell
short. A large proportion buret over us, throwing
their fragments among us,and threatening destruc
tion. Mmv passed over, and about four hundred
fell icithiH the vorkn. Two es the public buildings
are materially injured, the others but slightly.
“I atn happy to inform you, wonderful as it may
appear, that our loss amounts only to four men
killed and twenty-four wounded. The latter will ail
recover.
“Were I to name any individuals who signalized
themselves, it would be doing injustice to others.
Suffice it to say that every officer and soldier under
my command did their duty to my entire satisfac
tion. I have the honor to be, &.o ,
“G. Armstkad, Lieut. Col. U. S. A.
ik The Secretary of War A
Such are the unvarnished details of the attack
and defence at Fort McHenry. That the perserva
tion of the defenders was almost miraculous will
the more clearly appear to the mind of tno reader
when he recollecte the number of shells which fell
within the fort, and that some of them, which sank
into the earth without exploding, were, on being dug
up, found to weigh, with all combustibles in them,
c much aa 210 and 220 pounds.
It was during the night of this brilliant scene,
when the hopes and fears of thousands alternated,
that a gifted son of Maryland was inspired to give
birth to “The Star Spangled Banner,’’ a beautiful
and patriotic effusimi which now occupies one of
the.brightest pages of our lyrioal annals, and whioh
is echoed and re-echoed in every portion of the
country on all occasions when the heroic deeds of
our countrymen are commemorated. Altogether,
the def n4of Baltimore, by sea aad land, is alike
the .country and the participants, and
we cau well appreciate the just pride with which the
remnant of her defenders and their descendants re
cur to it and'give|it prominence. M.
The Produclou of Salt*
Our attention has been called to an instructive
article contributed to Deßow’s Review by Prof. R
Thomaesy, In which the history and statistics of
Salt are considered with special reference to our
public economy. We select from it the following
extracts as being of interest to our readers:
“The import of foreign salt into the United States
is increasing nearly with a wonderful progression
It is carried on not at in the old colonial times, by
some huudred sacks of this artiole, but by thousands
and ten thousands of sacks and tons landed every
week on the American wharves; so that every year
one, two, or three more millions of buehels are im
ported, as if it was to prevent the competition of a
domestic manufacture by the suprabundanoe of
foreign merchandise. But the United States are the
greatest consumers of salt in the world. More than
one bushel to each inhabitant is the average of
tbeir individual consumption ; when in Europe the
same average does nor reach a hall bushel. Hence
the repeal by the Congress of the old duty ou the
foreign salt, and the waloome given to any new
cargo of this vital article. See iho reports of the
United States Treasury. During the year 1854-’55
this importation of salt was about thirteen millions
cf bushels, aud during 1855 ’56 it has been 15.405,-
BG4 bushels 1 Now, wait for the next report of
1850 ’57, and the new statement will reach probably
seventeen millions of bushels, oosting, with the
freight, at least $3,000,000 —a yearly tribute paid by
American consumers, and worth, undoubtedly, tome
oonwideration ”
The Salt Springs in Virginia, New York, and
Pennsylvania are now supplying nearly two fifths
of the United States , and though unfit for provi
sions and fi?heiies, still their production prevents
*ho foreign .-alt from ruling the Northwestern mar
ket. Salt springs are also abundant in many of the
Southern States, but generally under circuinsta ces
very unfavorable to the transportation of their pro
ducts.
“At this moment, it were better to rely upon the
sea water, lifted up by high tides upon convenient
places of the Atlantic shores. In order to call the
attention oi enterprising citizens to the chespe&t
aud most improved method of making salt, let u
fthow some financial results of this industry, end
how far superior it# to the pastor present method
practised in the United States. The Salt Works of
Syracuse, in New York State, are the most exten
sive and noticeable in the New World. There
6 000.000 bushels and more are yearly manufactur
ed ; 5 000,000 by boilers, and about 1,000,000 by so
lar evaporation.
“When I went, near the close of 1854, to visit
t his splendid laboratory of human skill, I asked the
producing price of the article. ‘lt varies in some
places ten or twelve cents a bushel; in others seven
or eight.’ ‘Very well; I will take as your standard
the minimum price, seven cents. Now, as it would
lake too long to give you my secret, I prefer to
reason with your official reports. In the last report
of 1851 (page 14) Prof Cook, appointed by Syra
ou63 itself, tells you that about three fourths of the
evaporating potter is lost in the a< tual process of
making salt. Then you will understand that, by
controlling all the evaporating force of the sun and
winds, you coaid have, as wo have in the south of
France, three times more sait than is now made in
y.ur wooden vats ; or the same quantity three
(im s cheaper. Indeed, for the last twenty yeaiv
the French sea salt, per 100 kilogrammes of 232
pounds, (4 bushels,) costs eight or nine cents, or
about two cents per bushel. This foot is of public
notoriety. By some new improvements in sa t
works which I Introduced in Italy in 1848,1 have
-produced the bushel for only one and a half cent,
from the brine of the Adriatic sea, which is six
times weaker than yours ; for lt has only two and
a half per cent, of salt, while yours has sixteen or
eighteen per cent. Thus, in Syracuse, In spite of
the richness of th- brine, the oust to the manufac
turer pet bushel is seven cents, when in France and
Paly it :s on!? two cents. Why so inoredible a
difference t Read once more the report of Prof.
Cook ; they lose three-fourths of their solar evapo
ration.’ ”
Thi Kingdom of Sardifia.— This gallant and
spirited little kingdom challenges the sympathy and
admiration of liberal minds througnout the world.—
She is the only power of the European continent
which makes an approach to free principles, and
the knightly and chivalrous spirit in which she bears
herself is above all pra se. When the ramifications
of the late insurrectionary plot in Europe became
developed, strong apprehensions were awakened at
Paris, Vincennes, and in every European mon
archy, save Sardinia, wh.ch, though threatened by
a few malcontent spirits, readily put down all dis
turbances. Her faith in the necessity of constitu
tional governments for the people of Italy was in
no wise distm bed by this absurd and Inconsidera
ble outbreak In her own dominions, the whole arse
nal of the insurgents comprising only five hundred
muskets, twenty pisto • and two hundred and forty
stilettoes! Some of the Austrian papers, in com
menting upon this affair, endeavoren to be sarcastic
at the expense of Sardinia, and boasted that their
own territories had been free from revolution, while
she, with all her liberality, had not succeeded in
satisfying the people; that she would now have to
adopt more stringent measures and give up those
liberal ideas whion had not availed to fres her from
rebellion.
To this the Sardinian government replied in a
most manly aud dignified artiole, declaring that Sar
dinia had proved herself strong enough to subdue
all outbreaks ; that there was no opposition between
the people aDd the government; a few rash persons
had attempted a movement in which the people had
no sympathy, and therefore it had failed; if there
had been no outbreak in the Austrian, Lombardin
and Venetian provinces, the Austrian government
knew very well that it was because the mass of the
people had no confidence in Maxaini; that his views
aid not command the sympathy of the peeple ; but
that 1 1 trould be different trith any movement ofickiek
Sardinia thou and put ittelf at the head, and that
Austria well knew what would be the danger to its
power when the first sound should be heard of a
Sa Union cannon ! It ia said that no taunt or al-
lusion to Sardinia has appeared in any Austrian pa
pers sinoe the pubdoation of that article.
W hat a noble attitude does this little State pre
sent 1 How mnch more does she command the re
spect of the world than gigantic Austria There is
some hope for European liberty in the example of
this constitutional government, and the moral pow
er of her heroic and dignified attitude. Unques
tionably, if Sardinia should head a liberal move
ment on the continent, it would produce such a
BLaking among the dry bones of absolutism as nas
never yet been heard. Not only the people of En
rope, oat of America, wonld have confidence in each
a cause. As for Maxxini, Koesuth, and that band
of greedy adventurers, they are now well under
stood by the masses whom they have doped to long,
and so often led into trouble, whilst they themselves
have sacrificed nothing but fine, flowing speeches,
at the shrine of nationality, solidarity, and other in
numerable humbugs —Rrek Oup.
Thi Pls# or thi Cosqcikxx— A Kzliiot th
Past. —The American flag which floated at tha
masthead of the bng Enterprise, during the action
with the British brig Boxer, in IBIS, off Monhegan,
can now be seen at the jewelry store. No. 46 Ex
change street The history of the battle, of which
this is a reiic is this * On the fi-tt day of September,
1813, the United Statee brig Enterprise sailed from
Portsmouth, N. H., on a cruise. On the fitih day,
after chasing one veeeel in'o Portland, she fell in
with the British brig Boxer off Monhegan, and cap
tured her after an action of forty five minntes.—
Early in the action Burrows fell mortally wou ded.
Refusing to be earned below, and remaining on the
deik. cheering on his men, he pointed to the flag of
his country, proudly floating to the breeke. and re
quested that it ston'd never be struck ; and when
me sword of the enemy was presented to the dying
conqueror,he clasped his hands and exclaimed,‘‘l
die contentedthen, and not till then, was he car
ried below, where he breathed b s last in a few
hour?, enveloped in the tame flag that waived so
proudly at the masthead. That old flag, once tba
winding sheet of that gallant man, is preserved.—
Stan of Man*.
A Cur*;? of Cohort.—One cf tha greateet
comforts, when a man is in any kind of trouble, it
to be able to blame somebody. He Las uone no
thing to bring this calamity upon biir.eoii—of course
he has not; he only spent $20,000 a year, or some
such trifle, for family expense*, and only paid $lO,-
000 for store rent. With a capital of SIOO,OOO be
has only incu-red debts to the amount or $1,000,000,
or in that proportion if hie capital is smaller. To
be sure he dabbled a little in stocks, just to have
something that oould be instantly converted into
m ney •, but if the Barks had gone on increasing
their discounts, as they did until they *ot np to 122
millions, he would have come oat with a splendid
profit- They had no busiuese to diminish their line,
and therefore he bad do business to loee money.—
They were guilty of giving him disoonnt* when he
ought not to have had them; end now refuse him
discounts when he most have money or break.
Clearly then the Banks are in fault, and not he.—
.V. Y. 7>. Commerce
Rotal Makriasx —The King of Portugal is to
marry the Prioceae Stephanie of Hohenxollern-Sig
maringen, daughter of tbe reigning prinoe—a lady
of 20 years, ami fust five days yousaer than asg in
i"i *****• +
Ha. Nntbita Appleton on Sew York Ba.ik*.
The Boston A(fvor:iaer contains the following in-
UrMtiug letter from the Hoc. Nathan Appleton in
relation.to the ooiidaot of the New Xoik Banka In
producing the finacoial pac.o >
Ut99R3 EdiTok<:—l have for man; years been
withdrawn from active business. I have been mere
ly a looker on, but not unone-rvant of the course of
trade, and eepeciallv of ourbankipc operations.
Our system of currency is a deli ate one. It is
founded on bank credits, resting cn a very mode
rate basis of coin. When perfectly balanced, it
works very well, but a ti gfct derangement niav
prodace a great deal of mischief. The great dis
turbine cause is a detnard for specie for exourt,
which car. only be checked by a contraction of the
bank credits, Dmiog the present year we have
been going ou very smoothly, under full sail, when,
about the middle of August, a sudden squall strikes
us, which continues to increase to a terribie hurri
cane, threatening even to swamp the ship itself
The question arises Hew cemts all this about
what is the cause 1
New York is the great oeatral banking-power
She sets the key-note to the wh le country. If rhe
expand the whole oouutry expands, if shecontract
it is felt to the remoteet extremities. 1> is a tremen
dous power, that of increasing or diminishing the
circulating medium of the whole oouu’ry It is a
deep responsibility aud demands sound diacreti >n
and much wisdom in its regulation. Unfortunately
there appears to be no unity of action, no control
ling pri .ciple in the management of this power. It
is divided between fifty sve bat k, -aob acting its
own separata part, under the influence of different
opinions and different interea's. Bunks ere public
institutions; they are founded for the public g.s'd,
and the duty qj consulting the good of the coi .mu’
niiy in the use of their great power is as sacred as
that of providing lor their own safety. Thera is an
pareutly no individual of sufficient iidluenoe to
bring Uns heterogeneous mass to un.ty of action in
a crisis like the present, as was Albert Gailalio,
whilst beli ved.
The i irculating Tedium of the city of New York
consists in the iiat tidies of her banks in the for oi
deposits and circulaiiun. Their daily loans Rud dis
counts increase or diminish these liabilities. As
these liabilities aregreater or less is money plenty or
scarce. They constitute the. fund out of whioh ail
operations nm-t b - formed.
Hunt s Herchtnos Msgszine contains tables of
the weekly returns of the banks of the city of New
York for the years 1856 and 1857, which furnish a
eompiete view of their operations. They throw a
fl -od of light on the present state of things. The
return for Jarnsry 3. 1857. shows £IO4,GU<J,OOO lia
bilities, with $11,172 000 in specie.
This varied very little from the retnrnscfthe pre
ceding six months, end this state of things continued
with little change, but witli a slight tendency to in
creased expansion np to the 15tu of August. Tho
greatest expansion wa on the 2d of May when the
liabilities were $108,000,000, with $12,000,000 of
specie. The return ol lsth of August shows slOl,-
0001000 of liabilities and $11,360,000 of specie. From
this! a rapid contraction commenced, the liabilities
being reduced on the sth of September to $80,000,-
000. with $10,227,000 of specie Here ti e contrac
tion ought to have cea3ed. The objeot was to stop
the export of specie. That had been done Ex
change on _ London had talleo beiow the point at
which specie could be shipped without loss.
Can auy mortal man give mo a oa.-on or apology
why contraction should continue a day after this
point had been reached ? The banks were then
stronger than they had been for two years. But
contraction did continue until, on the 3d of Octob r,
the liabilities had been reduced to s76.ooo,ooo—thus
reducing the circulating medium of New York city,
from July $32,0011,0(10, or upwards of 30 per cent.
Tremendous! Was the like ever known in the hie
fory of banking t I have no l:e ;*tion in saying it
ia the continued contra tion of he . v Y'ork banks
since the s(h of September, win . rt the slightest ne
cessity, whioh has brought about the present dias
trous crisis.
There was no decided over-trade. There was no
speculation, except by a few houses in sugar.
There was, no doubt, un excess cf imports, but no
greater than forscveral years, and the effect of these
was wholly cured on the sth September, by the
rate of exchange ou London. Why continue con
traction further 1 Was not eighty eight millions,
with ten and a quarter millions of specie, being 11 j
per cent., as sate a proportion ss one hunrd dand
four millions in January, with eleven millions of
specie, or II per cent on their liabilities 1
There ia but one answer. The New York banks
have been acting under a panic, ad that panic they
have o-immunicated to others, until there is almost
a total loss of confidence. The consequences are
before us, in the par lysis of all trad 4 from Bangor
to New Orleans, the stoppage of banks through a
great part of the United Slates; the stoppage of
factories; the discharge cf thousands of laborers
the inaoility to bring our large crops of produoe to
market; the ruinous rate of two or three per cent.
a month cn the strongest paper; a ruinous deprecia
tion in the price of all stroke, aud even on ex
change ou London. In my whole experience I
have never known a mis s as severe as the present,
and, I must say, so wholly uncalled for.
I was a bank dirtotor iu 1814, when New York
and all the States Soulh and West suspended spe
oie payments. Boston had ample means and stood
firm while many oroakers thought it maduess for
Boston to hold on, when all tho test of the country
suspended. She did so, howevor, and all New
England with her, and thus ?avea them the losses
which accompanied tho resnmptiou in other States
in the terrible revulsion oflßl9
Iu 1854 Mr. Biddle was flagitiously endeavoring
to force Congress to grant him a oharter, through
the distress he had it in his power to inflict on the
country. In March of that year a committee of the
merchan sand bankers ofNew Yolk informed him
that unless he ohaDged bis course, and would agree
o their terms, which were hat the United States
Bank should cease to call on the other banks for 30
days, his course would be denounced at the ad
journed meeting of the Exchange.
Mr. Biddle, at the last moment, agreed to their
terms, in consequenoe of which the country was im
mediately relieved. But Mr. B ddle was reckless
enough when the thirty days expired, without the
slightest necessity, to call for theso balances, and
give the sorew another turn.
Tois produced an intenee and unexpected pres
sure for it was the New York understanding that
Mr Biddle should act again press them without some
show of necessity. This pressure he continued un
til the adj jumment of Congress in J uiy, when he
gave up the chase, and soon after extended tho
loans of the bank from 47 to 63 millions.
There was nothing in that pressure to ba compared
in severity to the preeent. It was wholly owing to
the unprincipled action of Mr Biddle.
The pressure of 1857 was wholly unlike the pre
sent. During s period ol gieat overtrade, a few
Loudon houses imprudently created an American
debt ol fifty to sixt'y millions of dollars, by giving
out their acceptances, to be met by other equally
fictitious bl is as they fell duo. These houses fell
id to discredit, and informed their correspondents
in America that the whole debt mnst be liquidated
at once, or they must beoome bankrupt. This was
in Maroh, when noremi tanoee could be made ex
cept in specie, which the banks were called on to
furnish. The New York banks went on for some
thing over a month, when thay found it impossible
tocontlnue. Tbey then suspended, and with them
the whole oeuntry. There is nothing like it now, as
there is no foreign demand for specie.
The question now arises, what ia tho remedy T
what is to be done 1 Nothing can be plainer. The
New-York banks must retrace their steps, aud
speedily, or lt will be ioo late. They sboulu at oi *e
increase the circulating medium by expanding their
discounts ten or fifteen millions of dollars. No other
oourse will set the wheels ia motion.
Nxtbax ArriiTo*.
Boston, Oot. 12,1857.
P’ B.—Since the above was writ'en, ws have the
returns of the banks of New-York for another week,
showing a further coutracllou of four inl'iiona. The
further persistence in a wrong course lias produced
its natural result. It has frightened the community
until the banks are driven to the desperate remedy
of suspension.
Terrible Accident on the Central Itailrond
A terrible acoident occurred on tho New York
Central Railroad on Thursday evening about 8
o'olock, near Beaver Meadow Brook, 6 miles west
of Syracuse. The accident was caused by the
washing away of about 80 feet of the embankmi nt.
The mad train, consisting of one baggage car, a
mall car. and four passenger cars, were an, except
ing the laet oar, thrown down an embankment of 1
20 leet.
There were about 60 passengers aboard the cars.
One passenger, Mi„sßruwn,ot Toronto, was drown
ed. Mr. Brownsou, of New Britain, Connecticut,
had his bowels torn out, and died to-day at the
Olobe Hotel. About twenty ofthe passengers were
injured, six ot them seriously. The locomotive is a
perfect wreck. The mail oar was burned, as also
all the mail bags, save one, which was saved by
Mr. McMasters, the mail agent, who came to hiß
senses only in time to save it.
The accident was the meet disastrous that has
happened on the Central route for many yeai s. The
cars were under full headway, and as they approach
ed Nine Mile Creek Station, between Warner’s
Station and Syracuse, the engine suddenly plunged
off the track, darting down irnxi tho creek some fif
teen or twenty feet. The oonp’ings apparently
broke instantly, as the fl- at baggage car plunged
over right on top of the engine. This was followed
by the mail car and three passenger cars, all of
which took tbe feartul leap, one afier the other.
The cars were all well filled with passengers,
and the catastrophe was to sudden that only one
shock was heard above the note© of the wheels, be
fore all were heaped together in common ruin at the
bottom of the gulf. Tbe iaet car only remained on
the track, and those fortunate enough to be on board
that carriage instantly leaped out and went to the
rescue of other passengers.
The s< ene presented was most awful. The mail
car waa turned bottom up and waa lound to be on
fire, having caught from the hot stove. The first
passenger car had turned on one side with tbe front
part burned in the waters of the creek, which had
risen high in consequence of tlie heavy rains.
In this car, MUs Brown, of Toronto, daughter of
Mr. Brown, late of the Toronto Globe, was ridiDg
After most of the paosengeis had been got out ol tbe
mint, one of the persons searching found a shawl,
which he pulled out, discovering a human being,
and he then, with the aid cf others, dragged forth
the body of Miss Brown. She had been drowned in
three feet water, and, from a contus on on the head,
the had evidently been stunned by the collision.
The second car was turned broadside to the train
and the third car ran throagh the centre of it, cut
ting it nearly in two.
The third car was all emasbed to pieces, the pas
•engert being in one mat*. Here Mr. Biowlsod,
of New Britain, Conn., *at, and Us bowel* were
torn open by aplinter* of -eaL§ Some silvers of
mahogany were ex reeled from his intestines by the
doctors to-day. Hi- entrails are literally cut to
£i©ce meal, and although he still live*, his recovery
impossible. He is a man of iroD build and strong
constitution. He <rawied out of the ruins on to the
track literallv bolding in hi* bowel* by hie hands.
Fortunately the tiurdcar jumped so high that it
went through tbe second car above the of the
passengers. Had it cut thiough a little lower sev
eral more would nave been killed.
From the nature of the aocident? and tbe com
plete destruction of the cars, it ia miraculous that
out of s xty or seventy passengers, no more were la
taliybjured .
There were several narrow escapes of pa s Lgers
IC* Ogsou v of Jefferson, waa in tbe tecond car,
and th wbo.e wood work, not one too: above his
head was splintered to atoms. ?
We have since writing the above *eamec tha*. a
portion of the road carried away was a high em-
Daukment six miles wed of t~e
onus* iby he*vy rains- *--'X tie of water Ih-OU-h
a hill npen whieh ’be track was -aid. The tram was
precipitataa down nembuLkmect cf 12 feet, m o
a pool or stream cl water, six rest in depth. Tne
ears were badly br k,n, and one of Item was snb
menred to toe depth of four feet over the flooring
Tee meat was dark and rainy. The p-ace h and
never given any inoicattonof danger, and was ah
in order jn,t before dark The tram consisted or an
enviue, netigtge and two pes=-nger cars.
Clinton Browneoc, who was r ported fataJy in
jured. hae sinoe died. .. .. , ...
It is reared that Ps’nck Nolan, tne baggage
man, cannot long survive the iejuriee be has :e
oeived.
We have been able to ‘.earn tne names of ociy
eleven person* woo were either killed or ir jured ;
but we learn from various sources that others were
slightly bruised and maimed, but we were nnabie
to learn their names.
Chicago, Oct. 2u — The foliowin bodies have
been found among the rains of the late, orsastrous
j fire ; John A Raymond, of Worcester. Maes , 1).
I C. Emerson, of Lawrence, Maes , Mr. Maraii, Mr.
: Grant, Jno Farr. A. Wolfe, fireman; B Moseey, X).
j Cl Vti, H. T f, J. Jasper sad kfiffb,
l re the Saeannah Utpubi.can
Tho Financial Crisis of 1337,
Ir. absence if any other topio cf general interest
at this time, we have conclud-d to take a retrospec
tive glance this morning at the great financial crisis
of 1837, open data furnished by our files of t:.*t
eventful period. A correct undera'anding of the
incidents of that day may not be wholly useless es
a light to guide uin our present troubles. We
Sh-ill first take up tb) oonditfon of things and tract
ont the succession or event* in the great commtroia!
errmorium, New Yo;k
t Go ’he 10th May. 1837. the last three Banks in
Y-'ik .uspended. They were the Merchant’s
Bank, the Manhattan Company aud the Bank of
Airerioa. These Banks had refused to oembine
with their rieisrttbors in the first suspension, but
were finally driven to the wail on the da\ above
mentioned. At this date cotton was po i're.'uiar in
price as to prevent r-,isbie quotations ; sales es Up
lamia ware made at 71 al2 cent., Bil! ou England
were quoted at 10 ja lu per cent, premium. Ou the
13thc turn was aoti ve, as the-uspei'ions had caused
a return es oonfld-nce, and au improvement of a
cent a pound took place. Bxofaangn was nntettled
and sptoie advanced.
On the 26th May, cotton was firm and sales made
at hi a I 10. We exri aot the following from a New-
Y-jik paper. “ The amount of epeeie now going to
Europe exceeds that of any period for five jeors
past, it is the only way iu which rem.t: ances can be
made. T’ e hiil drawers have all disappeared, and
if they had not they oould not n, gottate. Siuoe the
first ui April not less than th r ee millions in specie
has been shipped Very little cotton Is going for
ward, ow ng to the fact that people do not know
whom Ui ship to in tlra present o’u'e of offoiirs. Mo
ney is again ge'ting tight; our banks in;lead of in
pleasing are dimini-kitig their loans. Specie has
fallen, silver Belong 637, .Spanish dollars sa-i0
Amerioan gold 637, and Sovereigns 5.20®5.27.”
This state of things continued UMiIJUDtt 16tb.
when English bills wont up to 18 320 for No. 1 pa
per.
On the Ist of July, best private bills up to
20 end British Government bills •vfrequoieri
22353. Ou the 6b,U. S Batik Shares oommeneed
to rise, ns it anticipated thnt this Bunk iron'd
resume specie payments on the Dr. August. F. •
reina trace since the revulsion has been reduced
llfiy millions, and internal and coastwise half rs
mo< h The following is au extract lr .m a letter to
the Republican, dated in New York ll'h:
‘ speculations are about to be ooened in
the cotton business South The ship Oxford brought
over thirty thousand dollars sovereigns, to be ex
cflanged tor Georgia money, and to be sent to your
city for iu vestal nt in cotton. The next packets
will bring out 1 rge amounts for the same purpose.
By this timely notice holders may be enabled
to defeat this scheme, aud got h fair price for
their staple. Bo assured that a dead set will bo
made by these speculators on Savannah.”
Sept 9th.—Cotton quotations were sustained to
So.tTllJo. Exchange quoted 20® 21. British Go
vernmeut bids, 30 days, 21 22.
Sett. 17tb.—Money was plenty, the Banks dis
count! rg ireely. US. Bank stock 117$. American
gold 8$ premium.
Sept. 24 h—Go’d plenty and o3}®4
premium. U S stock 118. Exobange 15'J® 16 1-2
Sept. 27tb.—Exchange declined 141714 12.
Oct. Ist—Exchange advanced. 15 1-2® 16.
Oct. 11th. Cotton market stiff and quotations
range from 9c.® 12c Exchange 15 1-2® 16.
Oct 2let.— Cotton stifl’aud quotation 8 1-2® 12c.
Exouauge 15® 15 1-2. Specie advanced.
Nov. 18: h.—Exchange quoted 15 a 15|. Specie
declining, shipments so light as not to be worthy of
notice.
Dec. 9th.—Our New-York report eavs: “ A pack
et sails to-day carrying out commercial news highly
favorable, which will gladden the hearts of all wh
have claims upon America. Exchange 111 a 12.
Specie is only at a premium because the Banks are
in pursuit of it Produoe shipments are largo and
orders for imports very email, whioh is the cause of
tho decline in Exchange. The movement of ootton
is bettering the rates of Exchange in the South.
Deo. 16—Exchange declined to 10 a 11. Cotton
improved sc.
Dec. 30th.—Exchange quoted 91 a 9s.
1838.—Jan. 6th.—lntelligence from Europe ex
alted the coltoii market. The sales are very large
but there it no improvement in prices. Quotations
9c a llie.
Jan. 13th.—Mere aotivity in the cotton market
than known tor several years. Prices advanced 10.
• Jan. 19th—The Conner & Enquirer of this date,
says : ‘We are enaoled to say, on authority, that
the Banks of Philadelphia are ready to resume spe
cie payments whenever the New York Banks do.
Although they wont name the dav, they pledge
themielves to resume the day alter the New-York
BaLks.*’
A few days after, the Journal of Commerce said :
“ We understand that the Committees of the Banka
came trom Philadelphia on Saturday, not with a
big flea in their ear at all, but with a good dinner,
which Mr. Biddle gave them. Aft to the resumption
of specie payments, the state of Exchange was no
thought fit to warrant the fixing of u day for that
purpose ’’
Feb. 8 h.—Exohange declined to 8 a B].
Feb. lOih.—Cotton declined, and quoted 90. a
llic.
Feb. 22d.—Specie declining; sab sat 2a 2J prera.
C ntracts made to deliver rpeoie Ist of iVtny at 1
per cent premium, without interest. It is dally ar
riving, and in a mon*h or two the receipt* from Eu
rope must be very heavy.
February 21—Extensive transactions in cotton,
at a decline of 1-2®s. Quota:ion6B 1 2® 101-2. Ex
change 6 1-2® 7.
February 28—Further deoline in cotton. Sales
made at 8 1-2® 10c.
March 22—Exchange heavy ; quoted at 6® 6 12.
American gold l l-2®2 percent, prem.
March 28—Cotton easier; quoted nt B®>loo.
April 4th—Exchange 4 1 2. Tho low rate is bring
ing in large shipments of guild from Havana and
South America, for investment. Money plenty, aud
specie declining to par.
April 16— Arrangements made b tho Banket
Ei gland, in connection with Messrs Bering B;*o. Ik
Cos., and Mr. Jas. G K ng, of thin city (New York)
to send Messrs. Primes, ard & King one million
sterling in specie with the view to aid the Banks in
resu.mug specie payments. The General Bank
Convention, which met in New York, decided to re
sume by the Ist of January, 1839. This was unani
mous, except the ©legates from New Yolk and
Mississippi, the former preferring an earlier and the
latter a later day. Eighteen States voted in the
Convention.
April 25 Cotton quoted at 7s®loo.
April 29—The Banks declared they would resume
on tho 9th May.
May 4—Exchange selling at 10 1 2.
May 9—New York Banks resumed
May 23—A meeting ol” Bank Presidents held In
Charleston, which resolved to resume specie pay
ments on the Ist January, ©esu ng.
June 2—Cotton quiet and quoted at 8 l-2®ll|c.
Exchange 8 l-2®9.
June 11—Cotton unchanged. Exchange 10 per
cent.
June23—Exchange quoted 9®9 1 2
These rates of both cotton and exchange wore
generally maintained until fail, when a gradual ad
vance took place iu cotton, and sales were made in
Dec. at llal lc.
The following arc the dates of the general sus
pensions, and resumptions t
SUSPICIOUS.
New York Bpsks suspended May 19,3837.
Philadelohia “ “ ‘*ll, “
Charleston “ “ *• 17’ l#
Savannah “ M •• 17, “
RISUMPTIOSt*.
New York Banks May 9th, 1538.
Philadelphia “ Aug. 13th, “
Branch Bank 8 .ate of Georgia
at Augusta.... “ 20th, **
Other Augusta Banks Sept, let, 41
South Carolina Banks “ “ “
Savannah Banks* Oot. Ist. M
Moat of the Banks of the Middle States resumed
in August. Trer-wasnot a complete resumption
In New Orleans until late in December.
The first intimation of a suspension of the Savan
nah Bank*, was a cell made by Jno C. Nicoll, May
or. for a meeting ofoitizens on the 17th of May to
tfike into consideration the course proper to bo pur
eued by the Baoks. The meeting convened in
Long Room of the Exchange, and a committee of
14 was appointed todiaft resolutions. On the com
mittee we Had the name of Robert Habersham who
served as chairman at the meeting of last Wednes
day. ReK)lu ions suggesting the propriety of a sus
pension were adopted, and the Banks promptly ac
ceded to the proposition.
Baltimore Jloney .tlnrketi
Moisdat, Oot. 18. 2 P. M.—We have but little
new to notice iu financial affairs to day. The banks
are discounting but little beyond their receipts,
though doing all that can be done with prudence.—
We note rather an advance in street rates with an
increasing demand Good paper is offering at ls®
2to 21 per cent a mon‘h, with some sales Second
class notes are unsaleable. Exchange on the North
is in demand with sales at 4J® 6 per - ent; on Pnila
delphia 2£ per cent, premium. We quote Exchange
on England at 9® 12 per cent, premium in Ba’ti
more funds. Gold is selling at 5®6 per cent, pre
mium. Virginia bank notes 21 ® 3 per cent, discount
for old; new do. sto 9 per cent, discount. North
Carolina bank notes 5 to 9 per cent. do.
The stock market to-day was dull. Baltimore
aud Ohio closing at 425, sales. Northern. Central
steady at 14 1-2, sales 31) days. Bank stocks are
dull, and not much inquired lor. The tendenoy is
downward.
Advices from New Ycrk. Boston and Philadel
phia, indicate a shade ot ease, but monetary affairs
are still very much unsettled. The same may be
said with reference to Western and Southern mar
ket©.— P Uriot.
Election Returns. —We give the returns as
complete this week as our sources of information
will permit. W have official and reported returns
from all the counties but Coffee, the vote for Gover
nor from that county aa well as a number of others
were not endorsed on the returns directed to the
Executive Hence there will probably be some
iittle discrepancy between the reported and official
vote when examined by th*- Legislature. We make
the aggregate volled, 104,679.
Os this Mr. Brown obtained 57 742
Mr. Uili
Brown’# majority. 10,805
The rote polled for President iu 1*56, was 93 769
—the present vote exceeding It by s,9io.— southern
Recorder. _
Th* RIVTTLSIOff AND THI GOVERNMENT. —The
Government is taking measures to ascertain tue ef
fect of the reraiaion upon the foreign commerce of
ha country, end upon the consumption of importer!
cods. With this end in view, the collectors of the
cust'iui® have been ioetracted to the ooitions of
intelligent merchants upon the probable amount of
import tions lor thenex’ ‘weive or eighteen months,
the probable change vj the pi ice of the more iru
portent articles of import; and also the probable
amount of goods now in warehouse will be
withdrawn for consumption during the residue, of
the current fiscal year, wita eny other information
that may bear upon the subject. The Secretary of
the Treasury wishes thi3 information in order to aid
him iu the preparation of the usual estimates to
Congress.— Sat In'el.
Fis if Athzns—On Tuesday morning, a por.
tion of our citizens were alarmed by the cry of fire,
which proceeded from the premises of our *
ed townsman, John H. Newton, E. q It wa* speed:*
ly arrested, burning only a bed and mattress.—
About three o’clock in the afternoon, r'ce roof of the
house was discovered n& —the fi r e having
gained such headway a* tr re ader hopeless any e’
forts to ex inguish it. Oir -. Izvd® hastened u? the
scene af ces:ruction, and a* usual, exerted them- ,
selves heroically in saving furniture aod preventing
♦he spread of tne col Aeration— several contiguous
buildings being in periL M'*t of Mr N.’s furor ore
we are pleased to team, w&s saved. The dwelling
b<*nee. and we believe, ail the outhouses, were ut
terly destroyed One or two out bo use aon Mr-
H-ll’s lot were pclled down to prevent the spread
of the flames We learn that Sir. Newton was in
eured.—Alkent Watchman.
A Boston Ship Fkozzn Up in Russian Terri -
tort.—Cep*. Turner, of schooner Lewie Perry, |
which arrived at ban Francisco. September 15,h, In i
seventeen days’ passage from Petropf ! ov*ki, reports i
tbat ship Eun pa, of Boston, Capt. Robinson, hud
be*n fn zen in the ice in the Aoioor river for twelve ‘
month*, and was got out just before the Lewis Per- |
ry sailed, and safely Mnchorea in Castro's Bay.—
Some of her crew had gone aahore iutoxioated, aud
were frozen to death upon the ice while lying upon
it Two others of ‘he crew had their fingers frozen
so baHv that they had to be amputated which ren
r hands toeijexy useless# motion Tr*-
New York ‘ionoy Market.
Th3 Commercial Advertiser of Monday after
noon. makes the following report ;
With a fo'-r business at the Stook board this morn
ing, the tendenoy was toward advance again.—
Among the most active stocks were New York Cen
tral. which opened at 65| and closed a- 665. 1$ ad
vance emoe Saturdiv. Chicago & R ok Island
Railroad Pacific Mad Steamship
i.ompauy 3; Sixth Avenue Railroad 1; Puna;wa
R llioad f ; Erie, R adiug. and Galena and Chi
cago Rh-uroads } ; and Cleveland and Toledo Rail
road f
Delaware and Hudson Canal Company, Cumber
laud Coal, and Cleveland aud Pittsburgh Railroad
oVsc-d final prices. La Cros e and
MHwaukie Railroad declined $ ; Harlem River
R ilr *ud J, and I Ihhua Cecrral Railroad 3.
In Bank er cks the only saL-s were seventy
shares of Bank of Com me roe atß3, Saturdays
prioe, aud ten of Amerioan Exfcknage at 79 Je
dine of 1. o ,
iu S'ate stocks there was lee*doing. Os New
Y irk six a* only two thousand dollar? were sold at
pm for b uidft of 1862 and 186.) Tbe largest b'lri
“?s was in Missouri sixes, oh’siugat 66, i advance.
V i r giai?. ease* o!< a i at 83 12, 1$ advance, and
Ohm >dxes of 1869 at 91.
In Railroad Bolivia the sales summed up a lit‘le
over ut y tbonsaud dollars, of which the greater
portion was Illinois Cental, closing at 62 12 for
construction bonds. 1$ advance, and 60 for frte
.aod, willou* the privilege. N-w Y >rk Centra!
seveßs brought 88; Erie bonds of 1871,28 1 ad
’’•ud G *dheii Braroh si), 2 advance.
Ibe following table will show the ad-wing orfoes
of the principal stocks at the first board last Tn***.
day, the 13tn, and to-day. Ths ealeo of the 13 k h
(Inesday) were before the general run upon tbe
hanst?. end the general suspension took place upon
that evening: 1
„ _ , _ „ Oct 13. Oct. 19.
New York 6 a, 15<2......... yo
and > 5 s, 18jS, ...85
Missouri Sixes 60* 66
Viraium 67 831
N. T Central Sixes fifj
Erie Sevens. 1871 18 28
Ulii.oie Central 7’a 51 621
Bat k of Commerae 71 83
Am-; icon Exolisnge 54, 78
Oelatviire A- UuQtton 75 (|5
New Yo k 1 eiitral R iilroad 521 664
Srie Kmlroad 8 111
K adin? 29 33
Pnama 60 72
Galena and Chicago 53J 681
Cleveland & Toledo 2"J 284
La Cros*e., 5? 55
Chicago and Rock Irland ’.!.55J 70
Things wear rather a quiet aspect in the street
this morninir, ana we do not lea.n of any event of
much importance. The report is that the banks are
doing something more for the accomodation 01 thoir
customers, and that there is a little more disposition
to operate ia mercantile paper in outside circles
though still at high rates
There is little doing yet in foreign exohauge, and
drawers do not care much about operating until they
mark whatefleotthe intelligence from this side, will
have on the 01 her aide of the Atlantic. Good b'.ils
00 ti.gtaud oan be purchased at par, though the
large drawers are asking 103 One of them is settl
ing at that rate and asking 105 O.i Paris the range
is of. 50 a sf. 40. Hamburg 33 a 35.
No arrangement bos b en made yet for the re
demption ot Eas'err. ourrenoy, though it is reported
that one 13 1 eaily completed at the Metropolitan
Bank. Some of the brokers are buying to-day at
2 per cent discount. Ou Philadelphia the rn* e this
morning is 21 2 per cent.
We understand th itthe Metropolitan Bank up to
this morning bed issued certificates for state money
depos ted with it as currency by the other banks
to tbe amount rs $1,100,000.
The Saturday’s returns from the banks have not
been i eceived in sufficient number at the clearing
house this morning to form any estimate as to their
general complexion.
Tbe returns from the clearing house this morning
denote a gradual resumption of activity in business.
The exchanges ibis morning increa Q ed to sl3 197 -
226 49 The balances paid weres9 J 2,790 44.
Judge R‘osevt lr dismissed the motion, by con
sent of parties, this morning, in tbe case of John
Livingston against the Bank of New York.
Iu the opinion as given, the Judge draws the in
ference tlißt notwithstanding the constitutional pro
vision relative to the suspension of specie payments,
the legislature had power to extend the tnno at
which the banks must resume their payments.
A totter from one of the principal Philadelphia
oanking hoasoa reports money as a little easier,
and notices paper placed at‘ls®l| per oent. It
i.ad offers at the former rate on city and State
stocks.
At a meeting of the banks composing the Clear
ance House Association, held on Saturday afte -
ut*on, the following preamble aud resolutions were
adopted :
Whereas, It has been deemed expedient, during
the suspension of spec*© payments by the banka iu
this city, to.receive and pay cutrat par, tho noted of
the banks in th ; s state generally, and also to admit
the same in settlement of balances at the Clearing
House, and,
Whereas, There is special danger at this juuoture
of the undue expansion of paper currency ; particu*
atly of the banka of those spates which are not like
those of New Y >rk, restricted in the extent of their
‘Saties bv securities required by law, and,
Whereas, The aid and credit of our city banks,
will uatura lv be sought in facilitating the circula
tion of such istUwS, under the promise of incidental
benefits, therefore
Resolved, That it be recommended to the banks
composing th's Association to decline receiving any
new account with an agreement to redeem at par,
rhe noted of banks out f this state, at least u.itil
the resumotion of specie payments.
Resolved That a printed copy of this resolution
be furnished to each'of the banks of this Assjol
atlon.
At tbe Boston Clearing House, a resolution h°s
been adapted, that the notes of any of the associated
banks may be received in liquidation of their daily
balances, instead of specie, iu accordance with the
following echi-dule:
Capitals of S4OO 000 aart under, not exceeding $40,C00
500 OOj act exceeding 50 000
“ 550 O'O “ 55,0t;0
“ 600 000 “ 60 000
“ 700 000 “ 64/00
“ 750.00 J “ 68,000
90( ,000 “ 72.1.00
” 1,00.),(00 “ 80,000
“ 1,250,000 “ 90,000
“ 1.500,000 u 10JUO0
” 18 hi,ooo 14 I*l,ooo
“ 900,000 41 120 0 0
“ 4 000,000 “ 200 COO
“ Buffoik Bank the tame 5200,000
An excess of balances to be paid ia specie ts
usual.
This arrangement ia to be carried into effect un
der the following agreement:
The bills ‘f banks, received instead of specie from
debtor ba; kft by the creditor banka, ar to be sent
! u to the nextday’B settlement, at the clearing house,
aad it is well understood and agreed between tne
associated barks of the clearing house, that the
clearing committee have the right to call up
on any bank for Ba’iß'antory collateral security at
auv moment; and that bank hereby ogress to fur
nish the same to secure the payment ol the bills of
that back which were received by the clearing
house in liquidation of the balance of the last Btate
tuent p.t the clearing house, instead of epeeie ; and
those bills (whichever associated bank may have
:hem) were so received, aad are so held, at the
joint riek of the other associated bankft, in propor
lion to the amount of capitals respectively for tbe
intervening rime between selttleiiienui at the clear
ing house.
Th* Slate Trad*.—A London paper publish
es a letter upon this subject, which says that at
Layee, the greatest slave market iu Africa. Ik** sup
p’y of 3.aves ie obtained by the King fr*,m the Jaboo
country, where all pr.Bomrs of war are considered
as slaves. The price paid by him i a roll of tobac
co for two, the cost of the tobacco being from $25 to
S3O. Tne dealer pays the king about S6O f< r each
slave— a young and well grown man bringing $75,
while an inferior “piece of goods ‘ brings from S3O
to $lO. The writer states that in 1853 the cosr of
importation to Havana, wa computed at about $75
each, and that they brought iu that city abo >t one
hundred dollars. He furnishes a tabular statement,
showing that eight hundred slaves in Havana reali
zed above sßoo,ooo—the expenses beiug oomputed
at $63,075, and the clear profit at $736,025
It ie clear tha u , with such profits, the African
slave trade will D'*f soon be relinquished. We have
af-quadron of efficient ships on that coait, but,
though vigilant and energetic, they cannot be übi
quitous. Toe slave traders, with such profits in
prospect, will move heaven and earth, to effect their
puruosea, aud with active co-operators ou shore,
they are generally successful in obtaining a cargo,
and avoiding both the British and American cruis
ers. Uulesft eomf plan can be devised for totally
preventing the trffic, it is obvious that its miseries
must only be increased by the present sya’ein,
which leads traders to construct vessels merely for
speed, and wiih utter reckfopsnees of Ihe health aud
lives of their captives —Richmond i ipatch.
A Few Things which Everybody Ought to
Know. —A quart of peas, sown in aeba low box, 15
inches wide by 18 long, at any time of the year and
cut when about four or five inches high, and boiled
like spinach, with a little salt, makes a most deli
cious dish. The tops f Jerusalem artichokes, cut
off about six incites long, and beiled like other
greens, make a capital dish, which partak* s, in some
degree, of the flavor of tbe root. Boihd water
crests also inak*;ft a wholesome dish, it must not,
however, beoverbo led. In April and May late po
tatoes should always be pet led some ten or twelve
hours, and steeped in oold spring wa. er before they
are ooi ked. Tnw is a great improvement; it makes
the potato neariy as good aa tnoae dug in Oo : ober.
The proper way to make a cup of good tea 16 a
matter ot some importance. The tea pot is at once
filled up with boiling water; then the tea is put into
the pot, aud is allowed to stand five minutes before
it ia used. The leaves gradually absorb the water,
and as gradually efok to the bottom. The result is.
that the tea leaves are not ecalded, as they are
when boiling water is poured over them; and you
get ali tbe true flavor of the tea. In truth, much
less is required iu this w*y than unoer tbe old and
common praotice. Job* Cuthill, Loudon.
Shozmakzrs Bound f r Virginia—Within the
iaet week several shoemakers in Danvers have
made small investments in Virginia lands, purchas
ing warrant* for 200 acres at the rate of $1 per acre,
and paying for them in shoes. The State of Vir
g'n.a baa, it is said, 6,000,000 acres of unimproved
.and, part of it old and part new, lying west of the
AllcgtaDies. Tne more northern section of this
va?t tract is the seat of Ed Thayer’s enterprise.
Tne prreuasers of the warrants may locate any
where outside of Th .vet’s and maio. Wh are in
formed that several manufa in Haverhill,
and one or two others towns of tae county have ai>
bought wan ants. —Salem Gazette.
Trouble \t thi Oxford Furnaci.—The Be!
vid*rie Intel! gencor sa> the revolt of the labor-.-ri
at the Big funne', utarOx.ord Furnace, ha-bro
ken out a’rfesb. They have as yet caused no blo‘>d
shed, but They have resorted io violence and des
truction of pr pertv. During the*last two of
the sbanlis- be ; nging to the contractors have been
burned One laborer had in his iruuk the earniigs
and savin /e of several years, amounting to about
Ia tnousauU dollars. tte half of wttich was ccmsu-ned.
|Nercark Adv , 17/4.
Akzrtcax Bailors in Prison —lnform*Hon
havirg been received at the State Depart. cent of
the incarceration of two American oiti
. HQ) -ashipmaster and Hu mate, we bf-iieve—by
tne au'bori ic* of the Havtien Republic, tne De
partmrn* lias made acquisition on The Navy De
partment f-.r a vessel of war to sail immediately t<>
Cape Hayden lor the purpose of investigating the -
circumstances. All s ue available vessels of the
| Navy being now employed in watching the fitiba*-
i tens in the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean sea, it
j will probably be some little time before the requtsi
! tion can, at the earliest, be o*implied with The
j charge on which the two Americans were imprison
ed is said to be the salsa oue oi bavin knowingly
i wo-dollar counterfeit Hayuen bid.— jyal.
; Intel.
Paper Money in this and other Countries.
—ln comparing the paper uiouey of this coun’ry
with that of Great Britain we find a total in tbo
United S ates of $lB6 000,00 bank notes, resting
ix a basis of SI39,iMHJ,OoO— of which SSB.3OOTKM is
ia npecie, $29,(XH),000 in public stocks, and $22,000,-
000 in go.a :□ the
there a.e $l34,0t)0,000 of bank notes, resting on a
baiis of si-U,ooo,ooo—of whioh $72,000,000 Is tn
u a In p*Wl* Mb.
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXI. NO. 43.
The Jleaey Pr.as.nr.—l i BflTeet o Trad*
Libor, &*. •
The New York Times, of Tueflday last, has soma
interesting remarks and slat sties on th* effeot of
the financial criri* on labor, *OOl4l life, marriage
&o
Tho spaoe between the millstone* ia narrowing
daily. The pressure ha* broken down many ofthe
great bouses, but the grinding of the poor is only
just beginning. It begins to be shown by tbe re
oord of the lower court* and the book© of the Alma
hous Comuiusioners. Oa Saturday night last 24S
persons wt-re acco rmodated with lodging* at tue
22 different Station house aof tho oity—a number
almost unprecedented for this season of the year
Itisastingi g suggestion of what the winter will
show us. Most of the actual distress that the revnl
slon has involved has been felt iu high business c’r*
o es, for wi h others it is principally in anticipation
vet. We dropped into tno warehouse of a large
wholesale dealer yesterday, and weie surprised to
fiiid the haughty head of it with red. r-w lien eyes—
being an honest man, he had not failed rich. H s
family that had lived in luxury for years were bank
rupt es well as he. But when snob men b oak their
employes are n t apt to be very merry. The clerks
were sitting around idly, each o* looking as if h**
were at a funeral—those who h?d not b en di*.
charge expected to be. or tbe few that were safe, in
the misfortune* of their principal wore ead from
sympathy.
SM.i tbe streets r.re not “ dolorou* wavs,” nor are
the homes generally of our people full of shadows.
Even the poorest, until tbe pinoh comes, are merry,
and the groat body who are cramped only take it as
they do the bustling of a crowd—anything but
ngreeable, still rather disposing to jooosity than to
crying. We have been travelling among the retail
traders a good deal of late, foelirg their pulse
through the crisis. Scarcely one in a thousand is
not worse off. for the late panic and present depren
sion ot trade, still the majority feel, so general is
the dullness, that tbeir individual condition is not
much to be mourned over.
The retail grocers have to tolerate pass books a
good deal more than is quite desirab'e, and while
credit in large circles grows into disfavor, in these
small circles it comes unwontedly into u-e. Their
sales t*o are much diminished. The staples always
must find a sole, but suddenly the d* lioaciesthat a*r*
so appetising as seen through their cleanly win
dowe, the fruit* ‘hat aie the more relished for being
a bir out of season, the dainty pickles and luscious
preserves, the little k*'£9 bo formally sealed, and tho
boxes so elaborately pictured, all packed with tho
luxuries that grow with marvelous rapidity into no
cesp&rii-s while the times are good—ail tlnse are
suddenly drugs in the morning market. To a bun
dred women that wore giving parlies last Fall, ton
are not now; and as everybody knows ■ ha’one
party is ns good to the grocer as a wot k’s bill from
the family giving it, it is evident that the grm-er
lias lost largely on this item. Even in the absolute
essentials to the family-table there is a great con
traction. The digestion and the stomach are con
sulted more and the palate lees. There has boon a
general resumption of those old time Yankee
dodges for shortening the inner man’s expenses,
which is illustrated in the Connecticut custom of
“pudding before meat.”
Ihe el nil tobacco dealers say that they have lost
more of their receipts than of their customers.—
While tbe storm was still oomieg men wLo used to
drop in every two or three days for their ‘toolace”
or , ‘Lilenthal”rufched in daily*for plug or even pig
tail. Tne day of the general suspension those pur
chasers tore iu three or tour times, and when they
got their supply set their teeth like iron into the
doctored, adultmated, lye-cured weed. But when
the storm burst they fell back again upon ‘‘Solace,”
aud chewed with gentle moderation. These chew
era never quite stop -. the heaveus might mah, econo
my might fiu ’ its way to their table, their bed, even
their babies’ playhouses, but they would never stop
buying tobacco. The smokers, however, are more
sensitive to current events. With the tightness of
the money market and the ayprtc'&tion of specie’
they bay fewer hig‘i-priced cigars and some lay iu
the tiuo-cut end a brace of pipes, as if contempla
ting new methods of narcotiam.
The retail crockery dealers say their dish Is bro
ken on the counter for this Fall. Nobody gets a
new set—i nly re places parts of broken ones. It
m the time that young couples get disgusted with
boarding aud start, houfto-keeping—but not a young
couple had one of our informant s—& large dealer in
crockery—seen since tbe panic was abroad. Iu
short, if it were not for th* buttered finget* of ser
vant girls and the mischief of small boy ft, they con
fees they might as well shut up shop ond go visiting
th<-ir country cousins.
One or two of our cotemporaries, alarmed at the
brief list of marriages advertised in their columns,
cry out that the panio has quenched the marrying
ardor. Postponed ir, it has, but we believe that tbe
institution < f marriage is a great gainer by the hard
times. Good, sharp, careful wives were nevrr in
such demand before. Tidv, saving house keepers
were never so appreciated before Solacing, Jen
der companions never were so sighed after The
consciences of men and their tastes have always
been right about marrying, but the terribly expen
sive outfit of a woman in society, and the ri icu
lously absurd notioi e of many men have doub lees
detained whole flocks of angelic Peris outside the
gate, and made wretched bachelors of hundreds of
men who deserved a better fate. But the hard times
have clipped tin wing* of many who were Fo&riug
far too high for tiieir availability, and brought with
in bounds many whom their worshipers despaired
of circumventing. The marriageable damsels,
shortening sail from necessity, mafce a m ’ch more
pretentabie appearance in the offing, and the pilots
come alongside with a better grace and spirit. Some
who meant to marry dreaded to undertake, lest the
eoet of the wedding swamp them. Now “fashion
able” weddings are out of fashion ; loving couples
will go up to church rationally, and the set-out at
home will be tasteful, elegant and brief. The ab
surd custom of Bhoweriug upon the bride untold
lots of dry goods jewelry and the like will be held
vulgar, and a hint that she is in need of al iis. We
predict the panic will not result in the failure of a
single sensible couple to meet their engagements.—
There may be aud are suspensions, and extensions
of little notes, but the firm will go on—the marriage
will couie off in the spring, if not iu the winter, and
by that time all pan ics will be likely to start with
more temperate notions of “ th*i appearances” they
ere to beep up, and a truer American idea of what
adnuuetic establishment should bo. Anew aud
most welcome era has been inaugurated with the
Hard Times. We shall hoar less from young men
ftbcut tneir ability or .nubility “to support a wife,”
and women who cannot help support the family,
rather than be reckoned part of its dead-weight, will
blush to own it. unless armed with the pbysioiau’s
certificate of dilapid ted health.
Flnuncfal at er* in Navnntink*
’ What good will suspension do, Mr. Chairman! *
This question was asked by a geutleraan who at
tended tho late meeting of our merchants, whioh
requested the banks to su a pend. The question,
being put in rather an informed manner, and in ap
parent opposition to the suspension, whic:i seemed
a f that time so pregi ant with good, was hooted at.
Well, five days have elapsed and we sre yet wait
ing or the good time anticipated; The proposition
was clear t hat if the Banks did not have to redeem
their notes in specie th y could discount freely ; but
have our hopts been realized ! Not by a great
deal. We believe there are three banka only which
are extending their lines of discounts or taking ex
change, and these three only to a moderate extent.
With the number of applicants In the present *trte
of affaire it will be readily perciived how many
have to be turned unsatisfied away It may bo their
true policy to keep their purse rt rings tight. If we
look upon them .shaving no duty aside from the
duty of semi annually dividing their earnings, they
may bo in the right; but if the belief be held that
they are public institution*, with chartered privl
leges granted by the public through the State
Legislature, and that in return for these advantage*
they owe the public a duty, they are evidently in
tho wrong Itienottohe denied, that as far as
extensions go there is no cause of complaint; but
even these exfeu?i*)n have not boen granted with
a view te tho accommodation o- the merchants
solely—but because they could not help it. It wts
either to renew or break every merchant in the city.
But we would ask the Banks, whendotbey expect tho
crop to be moved by renewals T They might r*new
till Judgment Day and not put any money in circula
tion; and until the crop’s moved it is idle to expect
any valuab-e or permanent relief.
Let us look a little further into the matter. Sup
pose our banka do commence buying exchange on
New York, what can they gain by it 7 Will it bring
specie into their vaults, or leave them specie bal
ances at the North 7 No. They will accumulate
large balances of current funds to their credit tuere,
but who cau foretell tho day when It will command
the specie 7 Are they not placing themselves en
tirely at the mercy of Wall street, to resume when
that great financial snn shall choose to shed its sil
very rays 7 They should relieve themselves from
the thraldom, ana save our planters the necessity of
sending th ir ootton to Liverpool for the want of
means to buy at home. There is a way ot relief
which seems to our limited capacity so plain, so
palpable—it is surprising that none of our Banks
have adopted it before this. The plan which we
would propose is this: Let our Hanks purchase ster
ling foils, and do their business with Liverpool in
fctead of New York. There ere parties here who are
anxious to sell, and whoe bills rtpud “A No. I”
anywhere, but cannot find a purchaser. And when
did ever New York exchange s< 11 on such advan
tageous terms aa ster ing bill have been offered at
within the last two we*ksf By this plan they would
oaueo a flow of geld to the South which would plaoe
our Banks in a position of independence towards
the N*n/ York Ba fee. They oould then resume
epeciepaymentatan earlier day, be jause they would
have no need to wait for the action of any other
city. Their credits would not be in tome northern
Banks payable in curt ent funds , but locked up in
their own vault*, the very thing we vautc-Gold.
Asa general thing, a bill on Liverpool ateix'y days
caa ‘ a sent over th*-re, di*o<mated, and the gold
returned to Savannah by the time of the maturity
of the bill. Can any quicker or safer plan be sug
gested to bring the specie to us 7
The South has, to some extent, consumed the over
imports it is true, but not so extravagantly a < to re
quire her entire crop of co’ton to pay the bill; and
why should we be made the means of set’ling the
foreign debts of the North and Northwest, where
they grt a 1 the perquisites in tlie shape of commie
sions, A'v 7 This course of settling is an unnatural
one. aLd has nothirg in it* favor, but the sanction
of long established custom If the north buys en
ough cotton from us to iuoply her spinners only,
. . . ~ rhe. rirrin thnn’.d * >to
ana the great remainder of the crop should g to
Europe uu our account, be ield, and th* money
placed to our credit there, is it not evident that
the North would have to come South to get ex
change to pay her debts t Our indebtedness to the
North would be paid in preat part by lhe cotton she
must buy for manufacturing parposes.
There seems to us nothing impracticapble in this
suggestion, and if feasible it must result largely to
the benefit of the South—including both the Banks
a, and the people. It cannot ba carried without the
aid and eo operation of our bm k- UDd we rely
upon them to answer to the pubi o, in a practioa!
manner, the ell important questioni “What good
will suspension do, Mr Chairman J’’
In what we have written, aud may write, on this
euljjict, there m and shall be nothing of the spirit of
egotism or dictation. We are in the m'dst of fearful
Imcß a or isic m . hich every citizen feels his share
of the burthen—it is the duty of ail, however hum
ble, and espec ally of the Press, to come forward
with any suggestion that may hold out the ciightec.
prospect oi relief.— tiovh. Rep
Thi Rircrin naan.— lnjustice to tha Intel
ligent correspondent of the New York Courier,
wnteo eta'-em-Dt respecting Nicaraguan affairs we
copied a few days ago, we it sen Irom the Courier
the annexed explanatory note from him :—BaU.
Waibincton, Oct 13,1857.
The contradictions of my statements in reference
to the recognition of the existing “
Nicaragua aie based upon misinformation, or t.e
want of information. The a tiou of- ■
and Cabinet on that subject • as been exactly such
• M l have described. My informant is a party vital
U com eined in the course ot the Government on
he questions involved iu that matter, and who was
i ecessarily made acquainted with much Hat was
done and has been determined upon. The formal
reception ot Ineam as Minister was not expec.ed to
be immediately granted, but it will take place in
proper time. He is even nowm the discharge of
Lis duties appropriate to that po ition.
Coi. ia Boston.—Theie is said to be pienty of
small coin in circulation in Boston. Tne pi °f r ‘“ , _ o r
of a promiont exchange ( ffice in State Wrertlm
the curi udty on Monday forenoon to not* the amount
of the sum. Os specie offered to bun
ft few hours. The total wan $13,548, id lota nom
. 2 o()0 downward Tbe holders were somewhat in
offered, whieh wa,on.-haffpjr
BnTan*h Commiliaa—(oT*rnfr Job£MUi
Thi Savannah papers of Thursday m;riibg aod*
tala thi suttfoined ocrrespondeuoe i
Savannah, Oct. 15th, 1857.
i?* Erne, !lenoy t F. J>kn*on. hldUdgeviVt.
~ tr , ’—On the 1 4th in at, a meeting of merchant#
atia citnens of Savammfc was be'id to into oon*
s'uerntion the present rnonoy crisis and the court#
Which the banks should pursue under auoh oircum
stance# Tr>e meeting was rne of the largest and
J e% P fiC ‘able which has ever been held here,
and after due deliberation, resolution# were ad. pi
ed. recommending that the banks suspend tempo
rarily specie payments; not that any doubts wer#
entertained ot the perfect solvenov, and ezoellen*
condition of the banks, evidenced by their r eport#
reoen.ly submitted to you. but that the stoppage 0 (
bauks m every oomtnereiftl city iu the Union?and
the almost certainty their example would be follow#
t and by the rest, made it imperative to and > so in their
own defence. The drain, in this state <f things be#
ing con flood to the few banks which do pay spe
cie, would in a very short time have withdrawn
every particle of coin in their possess! n.
Under these oireimntancr, and at tho iu‘anoeof
the com.minify in whiob they are located, we have
been epp noted ft Committee ana instructed to .nsfc
of your Excellency, to withhold any aotion a ainst
‘be banks in consequence of this step, until ilia
meeting of the Legislature, and we a-k this in ths
hope your Excellency will see no objection to ao
qui< 8e in the request when it is reool ect#d that ta#
Legislative meeting is so near at hand.
With tfrt-at respect,
Kobt. iiab :psham, 4
N A llahdek,
T. Holcombe, ► Con,
Rich a t'D D. Arnold
John W. Andxrson. 4
Extcu i its Chamber, i
Milledgeviile, O. t. lif, 1857. $
Obntlemkn :—l a knowledge the receipt of
you sos the 15th inst., in behalf of the merchants
anil citizens ot Savanuah. r- questing me “ to with
hold auy action against the bau‘ e in cousequeiioe’’
of their suspending specie payments, an tee ap
proaching session of the Legislature is ao near at
hand.
I should have dm>o as you suggested V no such
request had been made. lam gratified that my cou
victions ere fortified by the suffrage of so intelli
gent a *>ort’on of the people as you represent; the
unanimity of then voice would ream to iudica e
that there cannot be mu h diversity of opinion
among thinking men, as ttin- propriety"of a cheer
fal compliance w th the wish oi the merchants and
citizens of Savannah.
1 do not pretend to be familiar with the great
questions of finance, involved in the commercial
crisis that is upon us; bat in my humble judgment,
the suspension of specie paying is note, remedy;
it is only an expedient, and will fail to be eveu an
expedient unless debtors, creditors, merchants, peo
ple, and banks, act with and towmds each other iu
tbo utmost good faith, and with a mutual desire to
render ench others burdens as light as possible.
The spirit of confidence and forbeaiaiice must per
vade every ramification of business ; without this
the suspension will beuefit bht one class—the banks
—by enabling them to postpone the payment of
their debts—their bills—which are not bearing inte
rest; aud by the use of their specie, and other avail
able means, to speculate in exchange, and screw
down the produce maikct to specie prices Such a
course, however, Ido not anticipate. I trust those
who own and direct the Banks, are patriotic, high
toned, and liberal mi did gentlemen, who would
soorn to use their power to oppress the people while
tilery are Kahili# tolerance tit the bauds ot the people 1 ,
representative*.
The only effectual remedy for the pressure of th#
times will be found in the industrial resources of
the country—nothing but “the sweat of the brow”
can pay debts ami equalize exchanges; but this
were fruitless without economy. Who in bo blind na
not to see, and so obdurate as not to d-plure, th#
extravagance of times—the great excels of expen
diture beyond not profits. This is the cause of th#
widespread malady that now Affects our land, like
the ravages ot a baleful epidemic. The expedient
resorted to, if properly employed, mav save the pa
tient, until the great remedy can osme to the res
cue.
It is gratifyirg to believe that ths suspension ©?
our banks (and I thi? k those of tho S uth generally)
is not the result of insolvency, but a measure of
self-defence against the drafts upon their coin, to re
plenish tho vaults of those of the North.
I predicate my opinion of the soundness of ear
Banks upon the exhi its they present, in response
to Execu ive proclamation. Hence bill-boldera
may safely trust them, with & generous confideno#
in their ability to redeem an soon as there uits from
the commercial centres of the North shall be stop
ped.
I confess, gentlemen, to a feeling of sectional
pride, which irresistably awake led by a survey of
ihe circumstances that surround us The North I#
tottering with paralysis, her factories suspending,
her merchants failing, and all tho avenues of busi-
ness blocked up with the ruins of com ueroial wreck,
I spe-r.k not oft Lia to reioico over her misfortunes,
but to ask wh t >s the ulti uate, and almost her on
ly hope of relief? What can revive her commer
cial prosperity I Why is it, that tho South, amidst
the thunder of the crash stauds calm and uuawed,
poised upon tho consniouanesa of her Oapae.ty to
outride the tempest ?
It is our three Millions of cotton bales, now going
forward to the rnaik Is of the worli, that give US
the feeling of strength and safety. Our cotton gives
motion to the whole maohinorp of the world’s com
rneice, and if true to ourselves, wa have and must
ever have, the fouudatn nos the proudest indepen
dence, commercial as well as civil, that ever blessed
any ago or people.
Ab genuaiu to this thought, what an emphatl# 11-
luslruiion of the vast importance to the S <uth, of
direct trade between her own Rod foreign ports, aud
iu her own bottoms 1 Will she ever awaken loth#
magnitude of such a policy, and by its bold and suo
cesstul accomplishment break, the only chain that
now letters her giant limbs ? This will consummat#
her independence, and then she w il u t only f--el
as she now does, but she will regulate and direct th#
commerce of the world.
I beg pardon, gentlemen, icr permitting myself
to be betrayed into rheee random reflection*. If
not positively called for by, I trust thev are not
wholly inappropriate, to ihe occasion which elicit#
this communication.
Respectfully, your ob’fc serv’t.
IfJCHBCHEL V J HIfSON.
Messrs. Robt Hainbershaai, Na Hardee, T. Hoi
combe, Rich and D Arnold. John W. Anderson, of
Savam.ah, Ga , C- mmi too.
Mormon Oltkaojes —The following is th# letter,
of which the tuhttanoe has betn published in our
telegraphic column, received from one o! tl e c er)e p
(Mr. W. P. Laudou) whom the late Surveyor Gene •
ral of Utah charge of the office, when he, for
his own safety, left the Territory last opring. Thi#
statement corroborates th# report published several
weeks ego from a pai ty of returned Californians
Px acertille , (California,) Sept. 18 i8 r >7.
Dear Sir: I embrace the earliest opportunity a?
ter my arrival here, of sending you an account of
my escape from Sait Lake City. I arrived on Satur
day, the 12th inat, weaiy, worn, foot sore, and
nearly famished, having walked neariy all the wav
barefoot aud aim'at naked. By the next m-dll
will give you tilth© particulars oi the doings of th#
Mormons.
On Saturday, July 25, whil* engaged in conversa
tion wth a number ot emigrants, I was assaulted
by ag ang of Mormons, led on by Dick Pettit a*d
Thompson, who beat me with stones and club#
most unmercifully. Tho emigrants were about to
ra'ly to my assistance, but I ai>u*ded them from
doing to, telling them that it would only result in
their destruction. When I reached home I wae in
sensible. The fame afternoon they attacked De
puty Surveyor Alogo, as he was noing to the offic#,
by stoniug him, and compelled him to take refug#
in the eore. On Monday, tho 27;h July, übcul
midnight, I being awake, suffering from the wr<und#
the Moruiona had inflicted, I was s’artled by loud
knocking ai the front and back doors of the offio#,
(which a joins mv residence.) and heard Mr. Wi'*
son (ths other cleik, who occupies the upper part of
the office bnilding) ask from the window what wa#
wanted. The reply was u demand, in the name of
Brigham Tom g, that he should come down and sur
render himself I then heard a crash, the door bav
in* been burst open, and Mr#. Wilson shrieking and
begging them not to ‘ako away her husband They
brutally told her to keep her mouth shut and stop
her noise, or they would make her. I heard Mr.
Wi son ask where they were going to take 1 irn and
what for. They said, in r* ply, “come along, aud no
furs, or we’ll d—n soon show you.’’
I was incapable of rendering assistance, and w#
thinking what to do, when my bat k door was forced
open, and a paity of the ruffians rushed in and or
dered me to come down stairs. I arose, and put on
ray pants and one stocking, but, as it occurred to
me that they would murder us, 1 resolved to try to
escape, and cautiously pened the window for that
purpose, when a peremptory order was made f< rm©
to make haste and come down. I replied that I
was coining down, when they made a rush for tho
stairs. I jumped rut of the window and escaped to
the house ot a friend, where 1 stayed until daylight.
When I wunt to the store, the boys gav rne a pair
of moccasins, an old ragged pair of pants, a check
shirt, aud an o.d hat. In this disguise 1 started th#
next evening, and travelled along the banks of th#
Jordan and of Salt Lake until daylight, when I
struck for the mountains. I had ha diy reached #
Since of concealment when I saw seven mounted
[ormoca in pursui . I twice narrowly escaped.-
Once near the Weber canon they came within tea
feet of me, but they were riding fast and I was bid
behind a sage bur-b They followed me to Willow
Creek where the Indians were levying a tax of a
shirt and blacket on every emigrant. My pursuer#
were heard to ay, “ Let Him go; .be Indians will
gel him before he goes very far down the Hum
boldt.'’
Ibe Indians got, maty poor fellows on this river
during laet summer. Many men, women and child
ren have been fclaugbtered by wholesale On#
woman was scalped alive, and her children's brains
knocked out over the wagon wheel. She is still
living. I could enumerate a dozen tuch instance#.
I 8 won the road the Indian Peter, who u*ed to
come to the (surveyor general's) < ffice. He told m#
that Brigham Young had sent Lim out. to get “pun
gocs” (horses) and tat bines. He knew me, and
said I was watnoe, (good) because I had often given
him biekc(/pe, (red pa*ut) He informed me there
was a “heap of Indians on Humboldt; heap pun
goes, heap carbines, duo.’’ I hud not left him aa
boar bein'e he shot a man with four kails But to*
man escaped, though not much injuied. I have
traveled from Cargon Valley to this place with
nothing but two biscuits to eat lam now work
ing in a stone quatry, nearly naked and barefooted,
for very iitile nor tlusn something to *ut— that is.
ab’ nt twenty dollars per month.
The Mormons ere ail leaving here and OarsoSl
Valley lor the purpose of defending 2 on!
CiasiLA* to Ta* Collxctobs.—Got. Johnson
has iseued tne following Cirou.ar to ail the -fax C*l
lectors of the State s
ExteuTivx DrraaTsixsr,
M liedg-vl KO t.H’e, 1837.
Wkertui, the Law. regulating; the HeoUon of
Tsx-s require the . uvera Taz collector, ot i bis
StuV to receive i one bu’ ‘he bills of 8p ole peyiug
Bunks in payment of the Taxes duo by the ei issue
of inis state-, and Whereas, by reason of the Gene,
ral suspension of the specie paying, by rhe rial ks
of Gto’>? ,a and a'-jaceizi g, att, it 1® imsoSßlbla
for th citiaens to uti m the bx’la of specie paying
bftLk* and impracticable, except at great sacrlfioa,
t. obtain coin t*i the payment of tboir Taxe®; end
by the Seventh Bcotion of ‘’An Act to
bmeau an Act entitled, An Act further explaining
and defiuing the dut.e 4 and power® f the Comp*
tro*ler Genera!, pa*eed the sth day of Decern per,
1793; alto more particularly to define and prescribe
the duties o f tbe Trea-urer of this State ’ Appnir*
ed D. c -mber 25tb, 18zl th- Governor is am l orixsd
to interfere wither “suipend ‘he col ectiono: taxes,
Slc,” until the meeting after
Oidered, that the several Tax Col
lectors of this State, be and they areheieby direct
ed to suspend the further Collection ot taxi-.a until
the -Ith Id November next (that being the day on
which the next Legislature will ass-mble) to tha
ei and that the General Assembly may adopt such
measures of relief or instiuction, as in their wisdom,
may be compatible with the circumstances aid th*
emergency. IlxiisCHEL V. Johnson.
Subtended —The operations along the entire
line of the Lebanon Valley Hai'road have been
1 suspended, in consequence, as we understand, of
the financial embarrassments of the oompany
Tl a workmen are ail unable to obtain their pay,
which in caaos, ouiou*ts to •oiisrdet'sbik#