Newspaper Page Text
BY W. 8. JONES.
C(: liO.NH’LK A, SENTINEL.
• PuMlolifd every \Y< clne<Uy,
A* VO DOlil, A£t& r*BH A INUM
aOT paid within three months,
O *?,MX ‘•opi* fue paper wi!! b© pent for one
>r a <*py :o ai; #Loinay , ‘ *• ;r* u“ Five tob
*"•• • -n.... *:y. iy The pa-
WMI.V AND /HI-WKEKEV,
TIS I ‘■ si, t t'Ai'TCli K/i'g Dollars, in ad
’ I r. D >u. amif pa * merit be delayed
{ . ZT*>
1357; THE 1857!
* >. rnKUN ci ltivator,
a axdntitly Jotir;\i,,
• VACI.i ■ ’.ELY 10 THU IMIKOVKMKKT OF
- // .. -. ;//. /. ft sack Breeding,
. h .ner- . s E gant Engravings.
i>a i;;i. i ... i> • j> i?;:dmoni>, Editors.
! . , •. . it \h Volume viil commence in
1’ ‘iS.Lfr; fva7 - ‘it ;■ a!-. ... < t .ivo of thirty two pagea,
/ .!,{( - j . ..a the year. it contains a
. --i-tion to
Ilf I;;!•- uiturai topics of the day,
‘.r. ouifii \lj CONTRIBUTIONS
,nodical Planters,
f {lf- ovo.iti everyt ion of the South
I l yew .*1 j >Cow I y•vt. ..S9O
h SrrriM bei :idly adhered to, and in
the money ae
'-•"o /be order. TP JiilU of nli specie-paying
aumun it % DOLLARS
Ad < 1 W'.tf. 5..10M.5, Augusta, tin.
( -ain Sub
£ Inn i? bijfMi attending a tu*rb of Fairs in Kentucky and
-
‘hv liMdv ..I iLi* tuu-ailed :.ir pn io, * Mdi, i ho <• and
■ i
a,i '* w.: < ■ ■a-.dhuPi n U!i pa-M-i at par any
•
. • \\ <• ot
Tonne ifcf an-l (1c rgia can't well k cp ii ju c without
.
Milh H.a i-.nj.■> ity of v eil broke, and none
’
’
• GKO 1 ALLMA N,
M
£ lL” CJonstlttU:i*nalirtt copy four r irrts.
PuMONA HALL NURSERY,
CLARKESViLLE, < J A.
l"\* ■;;; ft .'^ f c " lie ‘ llon of
ri: lii!-. ’ ; 1 PU'MS and APR!-
Arnonjj whi h will bo found nearly ©very old or new
variety ;h: fas prov and to be valuable a; the North or
So ith i. dudina the
epi • .1 . i.h i .5.i0d0..,: APPLES and PEACHES,
moat ot
I riced t talofne t ther with
p tli Un | t free of
. t teudi and to, and can he
JOHN K STANFORD.
</’ irk vilic, (la , Oct. 1., J-. 77. octS4 wtit
‘*uTICE TO TEACHERS.
j !*.’ ■’ i....'r i 111 idle • I I'dKiri.'.'m.l Laving
■ I ■’ “ ; 'l l>
...•.•majißui He . I aud woo L qualified t leach the
I \V. wautslVr- lla-sical Scholar
I„il I) , 1 I■> ..lie every v ralcutated to take
■l.are,.i , Sr!. >„l. 0.. e having an Apparatus
. S'li'led ui a retired porUon of the town!
n.e liumedinte vi. ‘r,!i nd tmvn are .ulHeiently popa
i.*u :■> l.m'd up :t ,t cl nuioLcring from <-n<* i undred
lari acMre-iH the midirnigucHi
!? 1 thomasson.w.m.
J V .V IC \IK)R, y VV
0 J B,J V>
• ’ll KK !■; tIONTHS al'.r data application will be
i : vie to lt-vdu respectively, l>v which they
W ; (:■ !V II ot tile fell,iw.ngde,- rthed hslf
biff ib,: remabouir ti.Yv<• - liavmg been mailed at Koine,
il i . ’~, ..p-... i l.inc .iildu. .North Carol ml,
■ i. !'ii.,n I it. ;:i. I by Jss Cannk,
i • ii v.t MllMflxi,
I B
• It. J. JOHNS! N.
mu
f , :i !:• hr..; >, v,. .ucu-iul m t Ue treat
,
• . .. add rm od
ui any-
ZxnfuLl : nKjm Vr. l, end i ciiii for u.y
inuittui ii.;! i-tv N’.t.u vmuivit with Dropsy, or
. ico ihfvn. en tiie owner rny prefer. I have never
l*o *•- ra • ‘ t ‘ r -teni when euro<t by my remedy.
MILLS U BROOME.
Union Point, On . July <?, ISS? jyll wtJaJ
FOR SALE,
I’ 1 II i- ’.uni, t v * i. bolus desirous of leaving the Slate,
1 ah. r'.i bis REAL ESTATE iu
tie’ own .'t VV HiTouton. Warren county, Oa.. consisting
.. iv Dwoi !! • . . and If ot’ about five acres of
\v.i . \i>o i- -i ..i :*■ >!•<•:• amt I>i, T nils, Machine,
airn't. \ • i ovk.tt ther with all his tiniEhed
I 0.. : • o to twenty thousand dollars worth of
ir tan, -is.iy b, dtsjHi-.\l Os, at good prices, at this
1-vr oii-** ‘i •; to | irebs e, are respectfully invited
V nv , U i,;ivea at *iny time, to suit the pur
, GEORGE I*. liOSHER.
\y a”i , M u. On . June 5. 1800 ,j? wtf
“FOK~b ; ALE~
\ I J STATION, u'a’.niug iuOU acres Land* wait
j\ - U M Hi t“A cleared, a. and produces the best
LskAH't ii. I Fiuv i< ha of all kiu<D. A good
i- v I),v ;m;jj, tontaiuingseven rooms, with four
ii ~uu - . and Id sot r-.w.a Kitchen. Smoke House,
;.• ot y Out to:'. Hon Gin House, and other buildings,
n . ;. ; t ‘ ■O’ w. ha Weil of good water; a line
• iiot'-. .•;: v . F U am! Oysters convenient
0'.!,:- o A morn h* ai;bv. pleasant location
i-* i<■ o Uofou m Southern Georgia. Further par-
Ikulai s can be- ed by application to the subscriber
• t Si\ 1 V. WOOLLEY.
O 01-B M A HOUSiT
BY L-VMEU A KADY,
|'H* ,-.u and i.sv.ri* taken charge of this large
i aad . - Horse, rc pectfWly sMicit and
hope to iv.or t a liberal dvare of palronge. The house is
view to car v c and wud'ort. is ituated the
val andtt’ ; .• . ■ e.trs The Stage for Mont vale
’ The table w\Y: be -applied v* ith’the best the market
. v o'.riablo SAMPSON LANIER,
.Inly Id. 2-'d ’ i/'’•*-■ f i JOHN KADY
| )R<ll>l * l V>D( o>l IIBMON MERCHANTS,
I M
ri.v;r. t in, Oau, Fathers and Tennessee Produce
IV- sci-.ipp . tbHs can rely nn- n prompt returns.
Mcrct n: r. 2 F fa. f Knoxville . Morgan A Cos.,
K o'vr ’ ‘ lUu ci-.v/Vr A. Cos . J Am’
K ,; K h. C!u a Y J Car-.pheM.Cleveland; RC.
—, ~qjjV . A f'EAINS.
i ‘ ‘ ]
“~V „ v. D . l iiy th ‘ N rtfeerr.
and’.dd gun! y b : r g.ro *•> \ v ree:ub*e coar.*wooL
‘ ‘ • CBORGE SCHLEY.
7 X£ R S -V . V, i ZaTd FOR SALE ~
\\ .’ v \ r MSKKn xt.
i< k.‘ v w . ii. o- ; a-., i Twenty-Seven Acres
•:*. .. tue o i .0 one and tw years with interest from
■
* co: ;''. l *"• Hancock
TH-i.s H POIiILL,
Januaiy £3. iaiMf
FOR SALE.
a GOOD LOCATION FOR A PHYSICIAN in j
Ait of I;ulti v .-Ltaiumf 62 aert-s. with a good commode I
üßi*. The pi - ntowaer (who > a veae: ,n.g
desirou- to in<jvc wt• st, * it a barin His practice |
La averaged ■ - “ ‘e t. s past, £Gouoa year, in a ;
plyatlhi* otLce- *ep2Q-wtf
PLANTATION FOR SALE.
1 .V.? a-n es -d Lan-L of whu-L aU.ut koO is cleared and j
Ka (-(Kjiiv. AUbauA, one in. • from Turkey Town !
Po-.fj;e/aud lies v u both *:des *-i Coca River—on j
wb.i there 4-re steamboats ronuirg weekly froraand to
Romv Qa. There is ou the place a comfrrtabk Dwell
ing good Cabins lor Negroes, with other ne<.wea
ry Farvy ildmgs, such as Stable.-. Cribs. Gin House
aodCott da. r < w | will afro re! I with the Farm, Mules,
lion-cri. Rops<\ OWSr whatever Orn i Fodder I
may have ou t j >e time of ..ale 1* on given
Christinas, or can. if practicable
®J- 7 JOHN il BLOUNT.
Chronkk & Sentinel.
Additionnl by ih* Atlantic.
Niva. York, Nov. — TLe London Timea says
| iha’ Dennuitonc Ac Company are onejof the laixest
I tirn connected with the American trade, and tbeir
i liahi . *r, it is Huppoaed, amount to teD million** of
j <; They have bouaea in New York and New
Oliva:.- and the total auapemion of remittance*
,:u th< - u . citiee rendered their unavoida
i i * bead e-tablkbnoent ie located in
whe: eit b&A existed! for upwards of seventy years,
wib t ranche* a!*o in Liverpool and idOndon. The
• private property of tne partuere w immense, and it
; bf the ruspeniiion will only be temparary.
1.. • - -of Dent;Ldtouo brothers A. Cos , in Mel
j >Murr* i.l a distinct eatabluabment, and will not
: IJ y H; < cock 6l Cos., with houses in Liverpool*
OK-g .w and New York, have failed for a million
; end a half of dollars. Joseph Foot 6l Son, silk
i if iDufactarers in London, and Henry DuLilth 6c
j • -, in * • American trade at Liverpool, have also
‘i • S', utb British Mail thus alludes to the panic
in ‘j *w ‘‘Themonetary panic c&uxed by the
j •i’ ll of the Weatern Bank still continues,
•mi I a ru.-ii La<! Len during the forenoon on
!*, several banks of the city. The panic *eeme to
: .i% taken special bold of the small depositors and
Jejjro- *nj in savings banka. The principal rush
v- >.t the door<* of the Union Bank, the City Bank
• * the Nat.onal Security Savings Bank.
J ? e Lord Provost ana magistrates eany in the
afternrKn deenc and it prudent to publish a procla
mation. It states that no doubts need be enter
tamed as to the solvency of the savings banks, and
warns the publi” against the effects oila nudden run
on the banks. In the suburbe the run on the branch
•• tablif'bir.eutft is tremendous.
Tf.e following is the announcement of the suspen
■ ion of the Western Bank of Scotland:
• Oi.am,ow, Nov. y.—The Western Bank of Scot.
!a: I. -pended payment at two o’clock, at which
• urs the doors of the head office and branches
were ch>sed.”
Although, to some extent looked for, the su&pen*
on earned great dismay. The bank did an im
mense businees in Olasgow, and had about one huu
dred branches scattered over Scotland. Its de
its were very large—amounting to between five
and *ix millions sterling. There cannot be aDy
eventual loss, as the proprietary contains many of
the wealthiest men in Scotland, some of whom are
believed to be worth a million sterling.
Tne London Sun announces the failure of Broad
way 6c Barclay, in the East India trade, and Ben
nocli 6i Kigg, of London and Manchester.
The Times’ article of Tuesday evening says:—
*’ Tiie funds have shown absolute buoyancy to-day,
and closed at a further considerable advance. In
in rcantile quarters also there has perhaps been
r:i,t her lens uneasiness, and the tendency to a partial
recovery of confidence would have been stronger,
hot lor the manifestation of banking distrusts at
Glasgow iu consequence of the closing of the West
ern Bank cf Scotland.
The manager of the latter concern issued a circu
h i announcing the stoppage, in which he admits
♦ hat lor some years past, under the late inauager,
the system of overtrading had been carried on
t orough tacililie.-, afforded by the system of re dis
counting. Heckless credits were given to custom
ers in Glasgow, and the correspondent at New York
was allowed to make advances on securities and to
draw bills oil the bank. Lately an investigation
being instituted into some of the largest advance
accounts, it. was found that the houses to which they
had been made were utterly insolvent, and that a
large loss to the bang was inevitable. The debtors
went into bankruptcy, and as the American panic
<’iin • on at the same time, deposits began to be
withdraw n, and finally when the hour of pressure
ailived, tho u.-ual reult is witnessed; and firms in
London who had hitherto promoted the financial
s} -’ em of the concern suddenly found it expedient
‘ot routinue the re-discounts on which it had re
lied.
‘I he Paris Patrio urges the .suspension of specie
payirunits in that country. It is regarded as cer
tain that the government will be compelled to adopt
in<- stringent measures. French finance is not,
however, of a character to justify the gloomy ap
j i ehenrioiiH which seem to prevail in commercial
••ireles. The specie reserve of the Bank of France
I • two hundred millions against, one hundred and
fifty millions at the corresponding period of last
y ear - ,
A Hamburg letter of the 7th reports a regular
pun!** in the stuck exchange there, with a fall of
‘■very dtM ription of stock, as also all bills of ex
change. Bills on France, Belgium, and other coin
i it i. i.'il marts in Germany and Ktig!and, were un
.!< able at the usual three months date. A financial
< iis<is was also beginning in Swedeu and Norway,
and money was becoming scarce.
The London Herald, speaking of the advance in
the rate of interest, says : “The increase was not
unexpected, and hence when it was officially an
ni'ut.eetl, it created little fluctuation in public secu
‘•es. The range in price was about % per cent.,
but aftt i varying to that extent they recovered, and
closed I lower than on Saturday. The American
advices by the Ana were calculated to inspire par
tial confidence, but the recurrence ol mercantile
•inters here mid in the provinces produced great*
depression, no relief from the existing stringency
being apparently obtainable.
The steamship Asia arrived at Liverpool at A.
M. on the 9th.
The screw st amor Antelope was appointed to
leav* Liverpool for Portland direct on Tl ursday,
the 12th.
The steamer Kangaroo arrived at Liverpool Nov.
II at ft o’clock A. M.
Financial Affairs.— -On Saturday the 7th,
shortly after the departure of the Niagara the sus
p< nsion of Messrs. Dennistoun 6c Cos., one of the
largest firms connected with the American trade in
Great Britain, was announced Their liabilities are
estimated at something like £2,000,000 sterling.—
Tiie l ead establishment of the house is in Glasgow,
mid there are branches in London and Liverpool,
Ne w York and New Orleans, and Melbourne, Aus
iralia , but the Melbourne firm is not compromised.
The almost total cessation of remittances from
America was the cause of the suspension. The pri
vate property of the partners isot great magnitude,
and it is presumed the embarrassment will be but
temporary.
The funds were buoyant Tthrougbout the day,
and an advance of J per cent, in consols took place.
The applications for discount at the Bank con
tinued extremely heavy.
At Hamburg, the rate of discount advanced to
’
If transpired thet the liabilities ot Messrs. Naylor,
VickcrA: Cos., instead of amounting to a million
sterling, did not exceed half that sum ; that the
dock of iron held by the firm in England and Ame
rica irf worth jC'270,000, and that every debt owing
10 them in America is of a character on which any
sound and prudent house might have implicitly re
lWd.
On Monday, the IH.h, the Bank of England raised
its rate of discout from 0 to 10 per cent.
The Western Bank of Scotland at Glasgow, with
a pni l-up capital ot Si 1 ,fOO,OOO aud deposits sup
posed to amount to Jt6,000,000 sterling, closed its
doors on the oth. This Bank did an immense busi
ness iu Glasgow, aud had about 100 branches scat
i ered over Scotland. The suspension caused great
dismay, but a* the proprietary numbers many very
w althy men, no eventual loss is feared. The Bank
hn J an active connection with America and Ameri
can houses in Glasgow’
she suspension was also announced of Messrs
T. rnioc.h, Twentymau A: Rigg of Ixmdon and Man
chester, engaged in the silk trade Liabilities esti
mated at from o to £300,000. Four or
live firms expected to be involved with them.—*
Me srs. Broadway & Barclay. East India and gene
ra’ merchants, London, also stopped payment on
the'. th. with liabilities estimated at JC 180,000 to
£200,000.
The funds on Monday, notwithstanding adverse
influences, exhibited much steadiness, and al
tlu-ugh Consols declined i under the influence of
the rise in the bank rates, a reaction afterward took
place.
The American ml vices produced a good effect.
There w as an abundance of gold withdrawals from
the Bank, aud the exportation of silver to the East
appeared to have received a complete wreck.
she acceptances of Hoge and Williamson of Liv
-11 pool, correspondents of Win. Hoge Jit Co M of New
Y ik. were not taken up, and Paris letters reported
that the large American house ot John Munro & Cos.
lmd stopped payment.
the failure of Gallerkamp Brothers, Amsterdam,
was announced.
A deputation from Liverpool united with that
from Glasgow for the purpose of inducing the Gov
ernment to take steps in the financial crisis, but no
result had been attained. The Manchester Com
mercial Association declined to join in the move
ment, being of opinion that the Government should
not interfere with the circulating medium.
On Tuesday, tne 10th, the funds were quite buo
yant and closed at a considerable advance. The
otfi.'iai rh sing quotation was 88juS8$, but after
ward sales were made at u for money, and
S .. S. 1 . for account. Sovereigns to the amount|of
£3m,uM or £400,000 were taken from the Bank
t,.r Scotland, the fall of the Western Back having
cau-I and a ran on some of the other principal banks
at Glasgow and elsewhere, including even the Sav-
irjfs Hunks.
In mercantile quarters there w&* rather less un
i a iness, but the applications for discount were still
very pressing.
The London Joint Stock Hanks, with one excep
tion, refused to increase their allowance for depos
its beyond 8 per cent.
The following failures were reported :
Hat* t. k A Cos ,of Liverpool, Glasgow, aud New
York. ‘ surplus of assets confidently expe-ted.—
Li a bili s, £3OO,UUO.
Un / l>utiih 6i Cos., of Liverpool.
J<x<. Foot A: Sons, silk manufacturers, London.—
La’ . :.es not more than £40,000 aud assets lully
equal.
Ihe share market was considerably lower, on
Tuesday, under heavy sales.
The L ■ .cu n Moruiug Post declares that the bank
of F l:.and has succeeded in alarming credit and
checkirc industry, and has failed in giving an in
wa.d direction to the gold currency.
A letter from Hamburg of Nov. *7 reports a regu
ht panic on the Stock Exchange there. There was
a great want of specie and bills of exchange were al
most unsaleable.
At a meet ng of the shareholders of the Borough
F ik of l. : verpool i r was resolved to register the
H ik nder the Joint Stock Banking Companies
ac:. and to hold a subsequent meeting to consider
tl - pr. priety of winding up the affairs of the Hank.
A fKu vn Securities.—ln American Securities
bv.sint-:? was limited, and the tendency downward.
Tlc following business was transacted on the 10th :
Illinois Central Bonds of % 75 73
Illinois Central shares 14 to lodis.
New York Central shares 70
France —The Patrie says that the French gov
ernment have under their consideration the modifi
cation of ihe law of interest of 1807.
The Directors of the Bank of France J.ad had an
audience with the Emperor, for the purpose cf pro
po.dng a duty of 3 per cent on the exportation of
the precious metals, or to be allowed to raise the
rate of discount to 8 per cent. The ptopoeition, it
is said, was not accepted.
The French Government is understood to have
approved of the conduct of its Minister at Constan
tinople m refusing to bold any intercourse with Red
shia Pasha. , . n
TLe Court festivities were continued at Com
puigse, and a good deal of murmuring was beard in
1- . v. * uch should be the case daring the severe
commercial crisis.
The* Patrie of tiie 9th proposes the following reme
! dies for the monetary crisis :
Firstly To decree the compulsory circulation of
; bank notes, and an issue of fifty-franc notes.
>; - v iidly To raise the export dmy on specie.
T rdy As the necessary eomplem Lt of theae
i exceptional measure*, to itduoe Bank rate of
i discount to six per cent.
In Pa: on Tuesday, the KHh, the funds closed
: at 66 8o to 67 francs.
F:.e Emperor is believed to coincide with the Di
. rtclots ot the Bank of France, that the irm- e
; lc ‘PJ lrßU ® ** advance the rate of dncuunl.
Ti e Pal lie had received a warning for its article
on the finances.
Advscee from the French inanufac utring districts
• announce a complete stagnation in bminees.
BiLofCM Anew liberal Ministry Lad been
: formed, m which M. Rogier Minister of the In
tend M. r rere Orben, Minfrter of Finance,
Genera! Bertel, Minister ofWar, and M Devners.
■ Min ster of Foreign Affairs.
TLe King Lad i.'OstnUd to dissolee iLe Cham.
I b “”
Swines i>r> NYsw .i— TLe financial crkis was
beginning U> be i.-lt iu Sweden and Norway, and
money was beceuung scarce
Gikmam—lt is stated that the police of the
free City of Frankfort havnng interdicted the resi
dence there of an old political refugee of the name
of Froebel, who has since become an American
citizen, Mr. Reicker. the American Consul, has
threatened to break off his relations with the Senate
of Frankfort if it persists in maintaining the order
of expulsion against a citizen of the United States.
The Bank of Frankfort had raised its rate of dis
count from t>l to 71 per cent.
Prussia.—The Bank of Prussia had raised its
rate of discount from 0$ to 71 per cent.
Russia.—A Russian wer steamer has been lost
in the Caspian Sea. The Captain, 3 Lieutenants
and 18 men were drowned.
Austria.—At Vienna there was continued de
pression in the money market, and the premium on
gold was increasing.
Turku—The Journal d> Constantinople an
nouncea that the Turkish Government have decided
upon constructing a line of telegraph to Bassoran on
the Persian Gulf.
It was reported that some of the foreign re
presentative* had offered their services to Redehid
Pasha to put an end to the misunderstanding be
tween him and the French Embassador, and that
Redsbid had accepted them.
India —A weekly communication is to be estab
’ished with lijd a, the Government having agreed
with the Peninsular and Oriental Steamship Com
pany as to rbe details.
From the London Times , No+ll.
.American Coolness in Financial Convulsion
—Our Transatlantic neighbors take the convulsion
of their Monet Market with their accustomed cool
ness. Their trade ib for the time, indeed, almost
dead. Could people, upon the failure of a eircula
t.Ldt medium, fall back immediately upon the orh i
nul principle of commerce—exchange in kina—this
need not be the result; for why should not s snuff- I
box procure a pair of boots, a pound of coffee, a
beefsteak : Why Bhould not cutlery and carpeting,
hosiery and cattle, grain and broadcloth, timbei
and glass and earthenwaie, come to an understand
ing with each other ? Why should not the different
professions aud trades accommodate each other up
on tire basis of Borne bonest natural bargain with
out the aid of artifice, and painting and architec
ture, arithmetic aud dancing, law aud medicine,
foreign languages and jewelry, millinery and the
accomplishments, the classics and old china, come
to a mutual arrangement ? Hut as people cannot
fall back at once from an artificial medium upon a
ns/rural one, the failure of the former is the cessation
of exchange, it is tantamountto a tremendous chasm
over which nothing can leap, so that every article
and material is obligad to stay on its own side of
the bank. “The grain still stays in the West
“there Jare no freights lo be carried on any terms,
aud the boats are lying, more than a mile ol smoke
less funnels, idle at the quays of St. Louis.” But in
the midst of this awful stand-slit the American
mind continues cool, and nothing disturbs its self
possession. The whole affair is taken as an incon
venience—a very great inconvenience, like the
loss of your carpet bag, but not as ruin, and hardly
as adversity. The bank “cashes under protest
the railway “concludes to pass its dividends”— i. e.,
not !o,pay the shareholders a farthing. The “policy
of suspension” is “deelared” throughout the Union.
This coolness is, when we examine it, the result of
a constant atmosphere of risk, in which the Ameri
can tradesmen, even in quiet times, lives. H s or
dinary system is pitched to a higher point ill the
scale of risk than that of the European is. This is
one of the remarkable disclosures m which the pre
sent panic has resulted; it has brought this fact—fa
, miliar enough to the world of trade and the well-in
formed world—prominently forward, and put it be
fore the eye of the wh le public; so that perhaps
this commercial crisis, heavy as it is, is not so im
portant to the spectator on its own account as on ac
count of the ordinary state of things which it has
brought to light. The uncontrolled issue of local pa
per money in the United States has given to the
whole medium of exchange the same uncertainty
which corrupt coinagegave to the European medium
in the middle ages. A man who sells an article in a
shop literally does not know what the thing called
money which he receives in exchange for it is worth.
A bit of paper is handed to him, he looks at it, it is
a note issued by the “ Incorporated Butchers” or
“Bootmakers,” he turns it over, holds it to the
light, aud, with the significant question. “ You have
nothing else V goes to his “Detector,” a book which
our correspondent says, “is itself a comment on
the whole system,” to see if he can find anything
about his new paper acquaintance there. If that
index expurgntonus, that black list “of broken
banks, suspensions, and known counterfeits,” does
not include the o ered note, he accepts it, but still
reluctantly and suspiciously. Every shopkeeper in
the Union is thoroughly familiar with this process;
he repeats it many times eveiy day.
The uncontrolled issue of local paper money is
the cause of this. The Federal Government, while
it reserves to itself the privilege of coining practi
cally leaves every State of the Union to a paper
coinage of its own, the consequence of which liberty
is the greatest difference of value between the notes
of different States. And when there is difference of
value, there is also—what is the worst part of it—a
great uucertaiuty as to what that difference is ; so
that, in fact, nobody in America•xactly kn ws,
when he is paid for anything, what and how much
is paid him. A five pound note is a five-pound note
in tli s country, everybody knows what it is; but a
tire pouud note in America is wot a five pound Dote
— i. e., not absolutely one, but with a qualification—
it is a “Louisiana,” or a “South Carolina,” 01 an
“Ohio,” or a “Missouri,” or a “Maine,” or an “Ala
bama” five pound note. The paper coin of the
different “Sovereignties” has all its different value
and its varying value. And, as if ;or the express
purpose ol increasing the uncertainty in the value of
notes, the rivalry of the different States comes in to
make a factitious and arbitrary difference, even
when there is none on really commercial grounds.
TLe shops and hotels of St. Louis rejected the notes
of Illinois, even cabdrivers and omnibus men would
not touch them at the late State cattle fair—why ?
The not es were based on the same slock, funds aud
debt of their respective States, and the Missouri
stock was every bit as good as Illinois stock. The
reason wai simple State ri . airy. There was bad
feeling between the two Slates. The consequence
was that nobody in Illinois would pay the compli
ment to Missouri which is implied in that trust in
Missourian stock, which trust ip Missourian stock is
implied iu taking Missourian notes. Os, whpt is
tiie sains thing, everybody in Illinois thought that
everybody else would look at Missourian notes in
this light, and therefore nobody would incommode
himself by taking what he thought his neighbors
would not acknowledge. A general idea is t|e
same as reality in such a case.
Now, in this state of things, of course, the mono
polist companies take the law into their own hand,
and reject everything but bullion. They do this
because they cau do it —because they can compel a
public, unable to do without them, to submit to their
own terms, though thig is sometimes tried without
success, and the Mississippi Steam Company, after
its announcementthat it would only “take curren
cy,” obtained no cargoes. But the claim is success
ful in some cases. Fiist of all, the Federal Govern
ment insists upon specie, and will not touch a single
note of any bank in tiie United States. This excites
the wrath of the high souled American financier,
who looks upon this Government rule as an unlair,
mean pohey—the view that a schoolboy would take
of an extreme and ungenerous pressure of the rules
of the game. This Government claim, which eim
ply amounts to a claim for the exact sum and no
more or less than what is owing to it, is stigmatized
as “the excess of cynicism.” The popular feeling
iu America goes with the paper circulation, ana
jealously watches all attempts to bring it into diffi
culties or to charge it with its extreme responsibili
ties. It has bred a set of couveptional rules, a sort
of code of honor, iu connection with the paper sys
tem. It these rules of the game are violated, the
sueak aud dastard who wants to have money for his
notes is rightly “served out.” The “assorter,”
which is the name of a person who collects in one
State the notes of another State, and sends back
these travelers that have wandered to a fortunate
distance from their responsible source home again—
the “assorter” is regarded in America rather as a
goldsweatcr would be litre. He is looked upon as
playing unfair tricks with the circulating medium.
Ail agent with a carpet-bag full of these exiles
found on his arrival an indignant crowd, summoned
by a hostile telegrapbj awaiting him, and very
wisely returned with his carpet-bag unopened and
his own person not tarred and feathered, as it would
certainly have been had he attempted a visit ou the
bank. When once a note has gone abroad it is
considered an exile for life—not an unhappy, but a
blissful emigrant into a region of perpetual freedom
and joy— the true negative paradise of the bank
note, a state of transcendent annihilation—total
disconnection with payment. The American (lank,
on dismissing its jdlh note, sends it away with the
paternal blessings of the Welsh father. “My lad,
never let me see your face again.” but docs not ac
company its blessing witji the traditional half-crown
which is popularly appended to the Welsh one.
It is easy to’ see how such a circulating medium
must affect trade. Government and the great mo
nopolists cau insure apt t ie, but the ordinary trades
man depends on a fluctuating, slippery medium, of
which he never can know the exact value, even
when substantially safe, and which he is never sure
is safe. How is a tradesman lo regulate his profits
under such circumstances? The whole U a risk
from beginning to end. And this atmosphere of
risk is tne regular atmosphere of the American
tradesman. No wonder that with such an educa
tion he takes the convulsions of his money-market
coolly.
From the Dublin Evening Post.
Geeai Monetary Pressure in Ireland.—We
can have no desire to underrate the present crisis iu
monetary affairs, arising mainly from the American
panic, but to us it clearly appears that the sound
ness and stability of our trade, and the strong posi
tion of the Irish Banking establishments—the re
sult of prudent and judicious management, especial
ly in latter years—afford sure guarantees that the
excitement wiil pass or er without injury to the com
mercial community. This opiniuU we have express
ed from the commencement, when, unlike others,
we held that there could not be a panic and a finan
cial revolution in the United States, for the greatest
market for British and Irish manufactures, without
producing a shock in these islands And it should
be remembered, too, that the peculiar staple manu
factures of Ireland—a linen and other fabrics—
have one of their chief outlets in the United States,
so that Ulster particularly was liable to be severely
affected by the American convulsion. We are glad,
therefore, to learn that even in the northern province
mercantile firms have yet scarcely been affected
The advance of discounts to nine per cent, (a rate
we believe, altogether unprecedented in the history
of banking is obviously intended as a protective
measure tor the public as well as the banka; but ne
cessariiy it operates with exceeding severity upon
the commercial classes, and indeed upon the gen
eral community. Even n Dublin, where there has
long been a total absence of speculative business,
and where credit, tberefoie, is thoroughly sound and
payments have been made with singular punctuali
ty ."this nine per cent . which is now the rate for first
class and short-dated bids, must be felt as & serious
i upediment to mercantile enterprise.
Dublin (rVop-10) Cor. of the London Times.
Following the course of the Batik of England, the
Bank of Ireland yesterday made an advance of 1
per cent, in tie rates of discount. The terms of the
Bank of Ireland are now as follows : For English
and Irish bills not having more than 9i days to run,
9 per cent per annum : lor Scotch bills, 9 per cent,
per annum, together with a charge of 2s. 6d. per
cent. Eugiiah and Scotch bills having less than
five days to run are taken at a commission of 2a.
lid per cent in iieu of discount. Applications are
received for advances on Government or Bank
Stock at 9 per cent per annum.
iMest—Telegraphed to Liverpool.
Paris, W evinesiAy Morning —TheMoniteur pub
lisfces a notification lrom the Emperor upon a report
from the Minister of Finanee, in which he ssvs he
sees with pain the imperiled and chimerical tears
propagated and the delusive remecies proposed for
an imaginary evih The law permitting toe bank
to raise the rate cf discount mast suffice to keep
the bullion in better condition than last year. The
bank has raised the rateof discount to 8 per cent, tor
bills of under thirty days, 9 for bills under sixty
da s ant* Isl for bills under ninety days.
In port am rßost India.—London, Wednesday
moruin,.—The tallowing teiegTam was received
ih s morning at the Foreign Office —“De hi, which
fell into out hands on toe 20th of September, was
t-.iirt 1; occupied on the 21st, and the whole of the
tiemv ix r criVct In the assault of the 14th, sixty
one o&cers an- >. leven hundred and seventy eight
men, being one toi and of the storming service, were
kiiied and wounded.
Gen. SichJson died from his wounds on the 21st.
The old king, said to be ninety years of age, sur
rendered to Capt Hodgson about fifteen miles
south of Delhi He was accompanied by his chief
wife, and their lives were spared. Two of his sons
and bis gi andsou were also captured by Captain
Hcdgson about five miles scuth from Delhi. They
ere shot on the spot.
The movable columns were dispatched from Del
hi on the 23d in pursuit of the enemy. By accounts
from Agra one column appears to have reached the
AUGUSTA, GxA, WEDNESDAY MORNING, DECEMBER *2, 18.57.
ne ghborhood of Allyhar, and the other that of Mut
tra -in the 28th September.
General Havelock, with twenty-five hundred
men, crossed the Ganges from Cawnpore on the
19th September, and relieved Lucknow presidency
on the 25th, just as it was ready to be blown up by
its besiegers. On the 2fith the enemy’s entrench
ments were stormed, and on the Q9th a large part
of the city was taken. Four hundred and fifty
were killed and wounded. General Neil! was kill
ed.
There had been a slight rising of the rebels near
Nassick, in the Bombay presidency, in the suppres
sion of which Lieut Henry was killed. The Mad
ras troops had defeated the mutineers of the fifty
second regiment, near Kemplee, and killed one
hundred and fifty.
Omnibus Ilailronri Bill—Minority Report.
The undersigned, a minority of the committee of
Agriculture and Internal Improvement (o which
were referree several Bills asking the aid of the
State in the construction of Rai roads, ask leave
to make the following minority report:
The Report adopted and presented by a majority
of the committee, proposes to consolidate the bills
referred, and to make one act of the Legislature fix
the policy of the State upon every enterprise now
submitted to the consideration of the General As
sembly. To this species of legislation, usually
known as “the Omnibus Method,” we cannot ac
cord the sanction of our judgm ;nts; but, being a
minority, while we regret that we are thus preclu
ded from the discussion of the merits of the several
enterprises involved, we take the proposition as it
is in substance submitted by the majority of the
committee, aud proceed to express onr vizirs up
on it. *
The proposition is thet the State shall lend her aid
to chartered corporations in the construction of four
hundred and thirty miles of Railroad within her
limits, by endorsing for them to the amount of •
MO per mile upon certain terms and stipuiat'on’s
purporting (and doubtless believed by the honor
able members who compose the majority, sufficient)
to make the State perfectly secure against any ulti
mate loss in the premises. Upon information ob
tained from the friends of each enterprise we give
the names aDd estimated length of the roads tints
proposed to be aided ;
Air-Line Railroad no mjiej
Macon and Brunswick Railroad U 0 “
Ellijay Railroad 70
Savannah, Griffin & North Alabama. 80 “
Total length 430 “
$7,000 per mile.
Total amount proposed... $3,010,000
The proposition then, is that the State shall lend
her aid to these corporations by endorsing for them
to the amount of $3,010,1100, thus creating a large
debt, for the ultimate payment of which her tax
payers will be bound. We know the whole theory
of the majority report is, that these Indorsement
contracts will create no real debt against Georgia.
To this idea we totally disagree, for it makes no dif
ference whether one is in debt by indorsement in
the first instance or by direct bond. If there be an
obligation to pay, it is a debt-
Tbere is a great question that should be settled
by the Legislature befoie it adopts the policy con
templated by the Bill reported by the majority. Is
it safe, is it prudent, for the State to enter upon it
at this time ? This questisn commends itself to
that “rigid but liberal economy” and circumspect
caution which should pervade every act of nations
as well as of individuals. We think it would be
unwise aud unsafe in Georgia at this time to in
crease her State debt to such an amount as this Bill
involves. Her people are in the midst of an unpre
cedented financial crisis ; and not only are they
surrounded by difficulties aud involved in doubt,
but the whole civilized world is iu that condition.
We are all in a crisis amid the perplexing mazes of
which no man can give a reliable forecast into the
future; but which every one knows, threatens 1 0
level commerce to the ground and hold her supine,
whila suspended Banks darken the horizon and all
who are most in debt, whether amongst private in
dividuals or amongst private States, will suffer
most.
It is contended by the majority that these Roads
will be self sustaining enterprises. This is more
than any man knows : Aud when we turn to his
tory, that “Sage Chronicler of the past,” and with
the lamp of experience explore her stores for a les
son of wisdom on this subject, we need go no farth
er in the investigation than to that wonder of the
19th century—“ The Illinois Cenlral Railroat.” This
is the longest Railroad owned by any one compa
ny in the United States, being in length 701 miles.
To this Road the Illinois Legislature appropriated
of lands (which she could well afford to spare on the
principle of “come easy go easy”) received of the
United States 3,840 acres per milt- making in all the
vast amount of 2,703,260acre5.
This was an absolute gift, the State only requiring
the company to pay into the State Treasury 5 per
cent of the gross earnings of the road, after it
should be built for the land. Much of this land was
sold by the company at $)4 per acre, and the
land itself has been estimated by them to be
worth $45,000,000
The cost of the road in round num
bers 23,000,000
Leaving net balance to company after
paying lor constructing the Road... $22,000,000
Who would have thought that this Great Road,
thus endowed to an almost fabulous do. at.ion,
would fail to meet its engagements. We appre
hend that no one of the majority of this committee
would have prophesied a failure on the part of this
corporation to meet any reasonable engagement.
We know t)iat the history of this company was, for
a time, one qf unexampled credit. Such was the
public confidence in the enterprise that its stock ac
tually sold in New York City, a few months ago at
140 dollars per share of lUO dollars ; and, even when
the storm of the present financial crisis was lower
ing over the country and confidence in every Rail
road corporation had began to give arvgy in the
markets of the world, so secure was Ibis Road esti
mated, that being consulted by the authorities of
Belgium on the subject of the Money Panic iu Ame
rica, the Consul of that Country at Chicago, under
date of September 3d, 1857, communicated to his
Government at home as follows: “Forced sales of
Railroad securities appear to have been the prin
cipal cause of the panic. Many Railroad shares
have fallen from 40 to 50 per cent. The IJiipois
Central ip the West, is almost the only one that has
been sustained —thanks to the rich prairies which
Congress has donated to it along its whole route.”
And he closes his communication by saying; “I
have entered into these details Mr. Minister, that
you may be able if necessary, to reassure the Capi
talists in Belgium who have invested in Illinois
Central.” And yet this company thus deemed se
cure above all others, and thus bounteously en
couraged has actually tailed to meet its liabilities.
On the J Ith of October 1857 the stock sold in New
York at S7U per share; and, in the announcement
made that day of the assignment executed by the
company to Messrs. Hewett, Sturgea & Tracy to
wind up their affairs and pay their debts, the Treas
urer says in substance, that “it (the failure) has not
arisen from any difficulties intrinsic to the enter
prise. but from the extraordinary condition of the
Mont y .Market. Now our argument is that if the
extraordinary conditipn of the money market drnye
this huge corporation to an assignment and abso
lute failure to meet its liabilities, the same cause
might reasonably be expected to operate with like
effect upon one or more of these “companies; and
upon their failure to make payment, the State must
of course meet her endorsement, and, as a necessa
ry corollary, the people must be taxed. But the Il
linois Central is not the only Railroad corporation
that has been urivpn into a condition where it could
not meet its liabilities. We have selected it as (he
most cogent case that can possibly be put of
Btrength in the corporation to meet its own obliga
tions. On the very day of its failure, two other
monster corporations, the “New York and Erie”
and “Michigan Central,” fell before the almost uni
versal financial praah. One after another of these
Railroad concerns in the United States baa toppled
over into the gulf of liquidation, until, by the last
reliable estimate of thetr liabilities we have seen,
the figures were poised tremblingly at the enor
mous sum of $181,700,000. With this startling I
wreck of enterprise before us, it is a serious ques
tion for the consideration of the Legislulu e when
wo are called upon to increase the debt of Georgia
3,010,000, and that too wjthout providing any fund
by which the people are to be saved from Taxation,
provided the payment of the dect falls on the State.
We cannot think it will be done.
The experience of our sister States having been
invoked, we beg leave for a moment to direct the
attention of the House to that poir.t. Tennessee is
prominently held up as an example for Georgia ;
aud we therefore quote from the last message,of the
Governor of that Commonwealth. After reviewing
the operations of the State in this matter, he pre
sents a tabular statement showing the amount of
Stock owned by the State of Tennessee, giving its
original cost, $3,292,716, and estimated present
value $2,224,827. Thus showing a clear loss to the
State cf more than $1,000,000. He goes on to say :
“The bonds of the State which have been issued to
the various internal improvement companies have
been and are now selling iu the money markets at
ruinous rates of .discount.” And this for a Sover
eign State I shall this be the fate of Georgia ? The
result |of the Governor’s review is a recommenda
tion to the Tennessee Legislature to so alter the
Constitution of the State as to “inhibit any future
Legislature from the creation of any public debt be
yond a limited amount without first submitting the
proposition to the people for their approval ot re
jection.” It thus appears that the experience of
Tennessee cannot be gracefully invoked by the ma
jority in favor of their measure. This subject of
State aid was brought up in Alabama a few years
since, and the Legislature passed numerous Bills
granting it. These the Governor vetoed. Some
they passed over tb veto, but we are yet to be in
formed that tfie policy has been generally favored
by the people of that State. Now let us look to
some of the Northern States, and take their ex
perience. We will commence with the land of
caution —Puritanic New England. Between the
years 1837 and 1842, Massachusetts made loans of
scrip to Railroad corporations to the amount of
$5,(150,000. In 1555 the State was still in debt, in
round cumbers on these appropriations $1,000,000.
At that time, April 1855, a bill passed the legisla
ture grating the loan of the State credit to the Yer
mount and Massachusetts Railroad. The Governor
vetoed the Bill. And a committee of the H use of
representatives reporting on the subject, even
then, with no financial crisis impending, recommen
ed Caution as to further use of the State credit.
The Bill failed to pass over the veto.
The great State of New York has gone into en
terprises of this kind extensively, making canals and
opening up vast highways of travel and transpor
tation. With emphasis we say she is a great State,”
with almost countless resources; yet in 1846 she
had been forced to borrow money largely, and her
people actually made a constitutional provision
against any further loans. Since that, however,
they have found it necessary, for the purpose of
carrying on works already commenced by them, to
amend their Constitution, so as to authorize leans
to be raised. Now behold the sad catastrophe.—
This great State, on the Bth of October, 18 7, sus
pended payments, and the auditor in stating the
reasons says “it was because she had failed to ne
gotiate a eaiau loan for tt e sum of ssw,Utl.” Shaii
this be the fate of Georgia s credit ?
Aside from these considerations, there are other
very important reasons why Georgia should not
now adopt the policy proposed in this Bili reported
by the majority She has other great and noble en
terprises of a charitable and humane character to
carry on to completion. She needs above all other
things an efficient common school system. There
fore, if the Report of the majority involved the
raising of a fund with which to pay the debt thev
propose to contract without taxation, by a sale of
the Western and Atlantic Railroad, in whole or in
part, by some other practicable means, then they
might ask that, after arranging a good common
school system for the people of the State and making
the other appropriations involved in the completion
of our public charitable Institutions, a Bill giving
aid to their Roads upon more perfect security than
they propose to gne should pass. The friends of this
measure’ say that, in case of misfortune, the Roads
would fall into the hands of the State, and ultimate
ly secure her. This would be a greater misfortune
to Georgia than the loes of the money. Already
have we learned from bitter experience in the man
agement of $6,000,000 of Railroad capital, that a
monied power of that amount placed in the hands
of any political party, tends to corruption, and is
dangerous to the liberties of the people. We do not
desire, by any act of ours, to increase these figures
to $12,000,000 or to any other sum. We would
bring it down to a unit, so that in Georgia there
should be no monopoly standing behind the throne
of power and ahaping the destinies of the State.—
Without enlarging on this point we ask if the S2O -
(100,000 of private Railroad capital is not now felt to
I be powerfully influencing the legislation of Geor-
IP*-
The position which we tike is not new iu the his
tory ot’our great State. In 1833 we find Governor
Wiis on Ltui.pkiD, in the very able Message in which
he recommended the commencement of the present
system of our Railroads iu Georgia, using tiie follow
ing language : “Our past experience should admon
ish us to be cautious how we entangle the Stnte by
becoming partners with individuals or corporate bo
dies of men. Such associations between Govern
ment and its citizens are considered dangerous to
equality and liberty. The favored capitalists who
becomes a partner with the Government rarely fails
to assume some unusual consequence on account of
the association, and geneialiy the result is, the Gov
ernment is left to bear the burthens of the concern,”
&c., tec. Journal ot ’33, page 82. And Governor
Johnson, in his last able annual Message, (pane 8 as
printed for the llonsei mmia-RtasWgrj(|U> such
•■fiuarantics ‘ <’ rsty as prevent thepdtsibihty of
‘1 hus v. e are driven to the conclusion that the ma-
I cuy of this Committee have recommended a mea
sure diuigi-roug in policy and improvident in detail,
and therefore %e act under an overwhelming sense
of duty in timl reporting against the passage of the
measure Having thus discharged our obligations
to this* Home, and to the people of Georgia, which
tv, have tap honor in part co represent, we rest sat
isfied thaft the facts submitted in this Report are
disregard® at the present, the future, that great
test of allimlicies, will vindicate the correctness of
on:- comijppns. Ail which is respectfully submit-
William D, Pittard.
Bens. H. Binuhasi.
Loss of the .Steamship Opclousns—l’osoi.ni
Narrative ol'Cnpt. iritis.
Capt. A. Van Horne Ellis -ani Purser Lyous, of
the ill - taflßsteamship Opelousas, who returned to
i -,?t evening in the special tiaiu from Ber
wick s Bay, jflpce us in possession of fuller inielli
gcuce ot ih recent dreadful disaster in the Gulf.
T.,e siateineut of Capt. Ellis will be found below,
over his own eignaft®p From Mr. Lyons we learn,
in addition, thar the steMl Jasper, Capt. Flan
ders, from Sabine Pass, ‘Berwick at 1
o’clock yesterday afternoon, repW Ttillen
iu with no portion of the wreck or cargo. It is cer
tain, theretore, that ws fittve heard the last of the
unfortunate steamer.
The freight of the Opelousas measured i ,4Gi) bar
rels, according to the usual measurement, valued
at about $70,000 ; 490 barrels for Galveston : 970
for Indianola. It consisted principally of pork,
flour, corn, sugar, molasses and coffee, and was des
tined for almost every place in the interior of Tex
as, San Antonio, Victoria, Saguin, porpus Christi,
Lavaca, Matagorda, New Braunfels, ire.; for this
latter place about 300 barrels for W. 11. Meriwether,
Esq., who was himself a passenger ou board, and
witu bis wife fortunately saved. Mr. Lyons, the
clerk, is unable to say what insurance, if any, was
affected on the freight,
Statement of Capt. Ellis.—Loft Berwick’s
Bay for Galveston, Sunday afternoon. Passed the
lightship at 4:15 P. M ; wind about E. N. E. At
8:15 I sounded on Tiger Point in 3j fathoms, and
shortly after, having 7 fathoms, were clear of the
flats steering W. by S. tor Galveston bar. At a few
minutes of IIP. M. it looked very squally over the
land, but presently cleared off and left a star-light
night overhead, but a slight haze on the horizon. 1
ordered an extra bright fight to be set about 15 feet
up the forestay, as the light ou our stern sometimes
went out, without being instantly perceived. I
went my accustomed round of the ship before mid
night, aud found everything in order, boats all right,
three oars and a plug lashed in each. I then order
ed the second mate to call me if the wind came out
from the northward, and keep a lookout for the Gal
veston, whiah vessel passed us when visible about
12j, distant from one to three miles on other ooca
sions, I then lay down with my clothes all ou, aud
presently heard them hoisting the jib aud foresail.—
A short rime after Mr. Jewell called to me that the
Galveston was near, about two points on our star
board bow, and that he had kept her (i. e., our ship)
off a little. I jumped up and saw a light in that di
rection close to us, and thinking we would pass, ran
in to get a blue iigiit, six of which I had ordered from
New Orleans that very trip, hut when I stepped out
after a few seconds’ detention, the light—a green
one—disclosed the Galveston at full speed, running
directly on to our beam ; at the same moment, the
second mate sung out, “ hard-a-starboard,” but as
our boat was swinging, she struck us stem on about
ten feet from our galley, aud ten feet from where I
stood, aud went easily into us up to our steatn pipe
nearly, and hung. 1 climbed up on her bows to get
a line that I might fasten her to my boat, so when
she was clear she would be close by us, but I saw
no one, and feeling her back astern, jumped back to
my own ship. I saw the Galveston's bowa were
solid, as she left us, by the light of our furnace doors
shining through the hole she made, which also show
ed me that my poor boat was done for. 1 seized a
hatchet from my room, roused up the purser who
was next me, anil attempted tp rush aft to my pas
sengers, but the steam escaping from the broked
pipe, and also from the fires which were being put
out. nearly threw me down, aud burnt my lungs so
that it was some time before I was suc.essful. I
found Mr. MeFarlane busy with the port boat, into
which were already several women. I sang out to
him, “ will you take charge of the boat ? “ Aye,
aye,” he cried, in a manly tony, and well he did his
duty, though the boat eventually swamped along
side the Galveston, aud he lost, his life whilst saving
others. I then ran to the other side, but they had
unhookeij and capsized the boat. She lay bottom
up.
I came across Mr. Fowler, engineer, and my se
cond mate, and cried out to them, and to the passen
gers near, “let us haul out the life-boats from un
der the half deck,” but when we got there, they all,
save the officers, jumped into them. I cut the lash
ings and drove them out, when they scat ered, some
jumping overboard, and we could not move the
boat. The water was then knee deep on the upper
deck, and I ran forward, followed by a woman, to
see if by chance any pf my people wtre there. As
I got near the wheel house, I felt her breaking up,
aud had but time to seize a little canoe about eiglit
feet long, on which I put the female aud a passenger,
who just then appeared, wheu a swash of water took
us clear; it rolled over several times, but I swam
alongside and kept it balanced as well as possible.
I saw several b ats near, which I supposed were
from the Galveston, about half a mile ott, and after
some time one approached with several hanging
outside, one man holding a female in his lap and
hanging on with the other hand. I sang out to take
the wamop aboard, but Lome one said, “we’re full,
no more,” but one of my own crew was aboard,
and recognising my voice, forced the boat and took
the woman and man with me aboard. I then or
dered him tp make way fpr the Galveston, as the
boat was full enough without me, aud after some de
mur they left. I did not then wish to live. 1 saw
several boats passing, and the cries un the wreck
ceasing, I supposed most of my unfortunate passen
gers were safe. I righted the canoe, and nearly
I reed her of water, but my strength failed me, and
I could not get in. 1 was presently picked up, aud
after some delay got on beard the Galveston, i saw
one of my boats alongside, half-full of water, and
sang out for my men; two answered me, and we s.U
three got in, bailed her out aud started again for the
wreck. There was then a fresh breeze, aud a short,
ugly sea. We fell in with the pilot house afloat. One
man, a poor oarsman, hurt his haud, and I took the
oar. After pulling about half an hour, we fell in
with several boats; in one I recognised, to my joy,
Mr. Young, my pilot; with two oarsmen; in another
my mate, and in another my second mate. I was
getting very siok with the salt water I swallowed,
and recollect little else but picking up a drowned
man, until I was hoisted aboard the Galveston,
where Capt. Smith received me like a father, and
himself and officers stripped their wardrobes to
clothe us.
There was no need of alife being lost as there was
wreck enough to float 500 people but the meu jumped
overboard jn their fright. I saw twq jump on the
rail, draw their revolvers, aud fire away. One all
but drowned himself in vain efforts to mount a barrel.
The noise of eecaping steam made it difficult for
orders to be heard and the rush of water and cracking
of the timbers needlessly frightened into helplessness
many unaccustomed to the sea.
The Opelousas was built at Greenpoint, J4ew YOrk,
and was launched last March. She left New York
under my command, on the 22d of April last, and I
have slept but two nights out of her since. She
was in beautiful order, and I took the gratest pride
in her as being-the fastest boat in the Gulf. I saw
her keel laid, and knew eveiy plank in her. Her
engines were built at the Allaire Works, her cylinder
was 46 .nches and 12 feet stroke. I think she was
Valued at sSo,oooto $10(1,000.
A Van Horne Ellis.
Sailing of the Adriatic.— The new steamship
Adriatic did not leave New Y’ork at noon on Satur
day. The Express of Saturday evening says there
was a great c r owd of people on the pier to see her
off, and considerable interest was manifested in the
start.
The mails came down at half past twelve iu a
bruu new mail wagon, painted bright blue, with
red and white stripes, a picture of the steamers on
the side.
The wagon was drawn by Bix horses, whose
heads were ornamented with red, white and blue
plumes. The post office people also carried the
company's blue signal flag, with the words “U. S.
Mail—Adriatic” in white, and the shield in colors.
The mails were warmly cheered, as they were put
on board the noble ship.
The delay in sailing was on account of the diffi
culty of getting the steamer out of the slip. The
wind being very strong, a little to the southward of
west, with a strong flood tide, the steamer lying on
the southern side of the pier is jammed so tightly,
there, that several steam tugs will be required to
draw her up.
While waiting for the steam tugs to tow her out
of the slip, the tide turned, aud it was shortly found
that the Adriatic was fast aground, and no efforts
could move her. The steam tug \\ in. 11. Webb was
alongside, but could do nothing. Tiie efforts to go
to sea was therefore abandoned for that day.
A supplementary mail by the Adriatic closed at
6j o'clock Saturday afternoon.
Coffee and Milk.— Dr. D. A. Caron, of Paris,
has recently been engaged in investigating the ef
fect of breakfasting on this favorite beverage, and
from the results, he thinks that he is justified in as
serting that most of the nervous and allied disor
ders which affect the dwellers in large cities are
traceable to this source. He further informs us that
when the coffee is mixed with milk its nutritious
properties are neutralized because of its fermenta
tion being retarded. Ccffee and milk in a bottle were
twenty seven days before they began to decompose,
whilst miik and sugar were only three days. It is
evident that the astringent properties of the coffee
hinder the digestion of the milk; and, at the same
ime, the eafeine (or active principle of coffee; i3
set free, and acts on the membrane cf the stomach
in the same manner as vegetable alkalies, produ
cing most disastrous consequences to the digestive
apparatus. He tried many experiments on himself
andfiriends and found that in a tew hours the pulse
was lowered from *0 to 68: from that it went down
to 56, when he took s< me food, and it immediately
rose to 72. He concluded by informing us that many
cases of irritation, nervousness and hysteria have
been entirely cured by a gentle course of tonics,
and giving up the use of Coffee. —Scientific Ameri
can.
The Hog Market.— The quotation for bogs is
the same. $5 net, but it is nominal, as none are com
iDg in which have not been previously engaged.—
Hamilton, Ricketts do Cos. killed 800 head, and At
kieou, Thomas Si. Cos., and Jarvis dc Cos., killed a
few hundred head each on Saturday The number
killed thus far is probably 5,000. At Cincinnetti
about 15,000 had been killed.
The Lexington Observer of Saturday, says i
Business at the Kentucky Central Porkhouse is
very brisk Up to Tbnrsday 3,019 had been killed,
and yesterday a large number were slaughtered.—
The prices, at four months time. raEged Bon $5 25
to %-j 50 net. About 12200 were in the pens on
Friday, and a number of large droves passed
through the city on the same day.
At Chicago, the Tribune of Saturday, says:
There is quite an improvement to note in this
trade. A sale of 300 head took place last night for
next Wednesday's delievery at $4 15 gross They
are to average” 250 pounds gross. A sale is also
noted of 100 Lead of very choice hogs, averaging
the extremely heavy weight of 320 pounds net, at
$ 1 30 gToes.
Prov L-ions are in better dem nd also; 100 pounds
lard sold at 10c per pound, for shipment to New
York. The mess pork now le ng packed is mostly
sold at |l6 per bbl —Louitrille Jour. Sot. 23.
Mr. Zacbariah Albaugb, aged cne hundred and
nine years, died at the residence of his eon. n Lick
ing county, Ohio, on the Bth inst. The deceased
was born in Maryland in 1748, where he resided un
til the commencement of tbe revolutionary war,
when he entered the army as a private soldier, and
remained in it until its close.
From the Albany Evening Journal , .You. 23.
Gnle on the I.uhcs,
We have aga’n to chronicle an extensive storm at
the West. This time it appears to have extended
over the Lakes and the adjoining region ; but the
interior of our own State, so recently devastated by
thuds, has escaped. The loss of property cu the
Lukes is probably great. Many vesse's have been
driven ashore and ethers lost &':.,1 sunk. Manv of
these disasters are yet to be heard of, when news
is received from other points along the shore.
Passengers from the West to day report that the
sn iw and ice have closed the Canal at Aibion and
various other points between Rochester nnd Buf
falo, so that almost the entire distance between
tii.-se two cities is impa-sable by boats. We hope
Jrn closing of the Canal by the snow will not prove
gfei-manent, as it i; feared it mey. A great quantity
■ produce is on its way to the seaboard, which would
tare be prevented from reaching its destination.
Hp tbe Hufalo papers of Sa'ucday evening.
BRgj|le stronger aud stronger, tiie snow thicker
tlfd deeper and deeper. Such
briet, the history of the lari twenty
four hourly
Wo ebrd®toein our marine column, the arrival
“f , j; 1 ”', scJioorßMfcA. E. liar!, from Chicago, with
IS,UOO bneuelßof wjeat. She blew* into port with
ber decks and rigging sheeted with ice and bad
as rough a nightof ifcn the Lake as could well be.
About half-past oMLIL. the brig Greyhound.
Capt. Brown, oamo -afel* in. BLe left the mouth
ot Detroit River at half past four o'clock, Tursday
P. M., thu3 making tha trip down in twenty-one
hours. During all this tisne, none of the hands had
a momrmtpf rest or refreshment, butwith the waves
otten sweeping the Rp(the rigging and sails stiff
and alnnjst immovalph with the frozen sprav and
snow, auu their garments solid with ice, they
stood it through Bid made port in the most gallant
style.
Old tars, of twenty years’ experience on the lake,
called ftHpTWorst night they had ever known, but
last nugpn as worse, and had the Greyhound been
■PWllours later in making the trip, she would have
Tound It rard to enter the harbor in the blinding
snow-storm, which commenced at three P M and
continued during the night. God help any’ poor
adorn who were on our stormy lake las* night.
The schooner B. Eaton has not been heard from
m two weeks. It also says that the storm began
here with a north oaster on the evening of she 18th.
The wind commenced blowing night before last,
and continued with rain, sleet and snow, almost
without cessation, up to noon to-day, when it some
what abated. The gale raged so furiously during
last night, driving the waters against the track of
tiie Buffalo aud Niagara Falls Railroad, near the
Round House, with such violepce that it carried
away some 70 or 80 feet of the track. No trains
from Lockport or the Falls have arrived here since
yesterday afternoon at 4:45.
If the snow was distributed equally over the sur
face. we could enjoy excellent sleighing. As it is,
many were out with runners, and the tingle of mer
ry belts reprind us of w liter. The railroad men who
went from tuis city East ypsterday morning, report
a heavy snow storm prevailing In Niagara, Orleans,
Genesee, and Erie couuties.
Port Stanley, Nov. 20.—Has blown heavy gale
from southwest for past three days. A disabled pro
peller has been riding at anchor with steam on off
here, two miles from shore, since Wednesday. Am
going to her as soon as we can. g. P. Dorr.
To ]. P. Dobbins, Secretary of the Board of Under
derwriters, Buffalo.
Capt. Dorr is with the tug Relief, aud has been
wind-bound at Port Stanley for several day3. It is
supposed here that the pi opeller alluded to is the
Neptune. Her ruddermust have been ontof order
She will be taken care of by the Belief if it is within
the power of huninn exertion.
A despatch from Cleveland this morning, says the
Cuyahoga river at Cleveland is frozen over.* The
Herald says that yesterday the thermometer was 2UJ
below the freezing point.
I rom the Lockport Journal of Saturday Evening.
Navigation Closep.—The narration of the Ca
nal in this section at least, is virtually closed. Boats
can be moved but short distances, and with the
greatest difficulty. Mr. Shelden, captain of the
State scow, has sent for an ice breaker, but there is
little hope from its use, as the canal i3 clogged with
snow as well as ice, on which the ice-breaker will
not be very effectual.
close of the Canal at this time is unfortunate.
There has been no time during the season when
there was an equal amount of produce and of goods
on the way to their destination.
We have up.*u us one of the most severe snow
storms known in this section at any season. The
storm commenced about 4 o’clock yesterday morn
ing, aud last evening at 6 o’clock the snow was
nearly three feet deep in all our streets throughout
the village, the wind t the same time with
a fury that rendered it hazardous to navigate the
streets fropr our business establishments to the
homea of our citizens. Since ten o’clock last eve
ning the storm has partially ceased, with lowry and
threatening skies.
P. S.—lt has again commenced snowing, and has
the appearance of a protracted storm.
t rom the Detroit Tribune of Saturday.
The Tuc, Uncle Ben Safe —This favorite tug,
about whose loss, with all ou board, serious appre
hensions have been entertained, lias finally been
heard from. Capt. Thorne and all his crew arrived
here this afternoon safe and sound, having beached
his boat in order to save himself and comrades. The
late hour at >vhicii we haye tlje.se facts precludes
ns from obtaining further particulars. She was
beached on a sand batik just above Saub’.e river,
on the Canad ; side, and can no doubt again be got
afloat. Capt. Thorne reports a largo fore-and-after
coming ashore at the same point when he left; name
unknown.
The schooner F. T. Barney is ushore near Bay
field, on Lake Huron, probably with a cargo of
grain, bound down.
The schooner Atlas is ashore about a mile below
Bar Point. She was bound up from Cleveland,
light.
A gentleman who left Chicago last evening re
ports that all vessels that left Chicago yesterday
Wore compelled to put back, nearly allot them
losing their canvas ; several were beached.
Our country exchanges nearly all speak of a fall
of snow, more or less heavy, as having occurred
during the present week. The storm extended, we
judge, throughout the Slate, and was heavy in the
entire northern half. Between Flint, Holly end
Saginaw, the stages are now going on runners and
the sleighing is good on thp plank roads, as we learn
from passengers who came through from those
places day before yesterday.
The light snow here and the high wind, prevent
anything like sleighing. The snow is blown aw r ay
as last as it falls.
Thursday there war about three inches of snow
at Grand Rapids. At 8 o’clock that morning the
thermometer indicated 12 degrees below zero. The
storm was at lonia as early as Monday aud at Kal
amazoo on Sunday. At Niles, on Thursday, the
snow lay at the depth of one foot.
From the Chico go Fiiae. ft, Nov. 20 Ih.
Hurricane on Ijake Michigan.—The severest
gale which ha3 been experienced this season came
down upon us from the north night before last. The
wind commenced blowing about 1:2 o’clock, and was
accompanied by snow and severe cold. The mer
cury lell suddenly to a point lower t han it has before
marked since February last, and continued to indi
cate about the same degree of temperature through
out yesterday.
The schooner Kossuth, Capt. Long, from Skelboy
gan, with a cargo of wood and whitetish, reached
the harbor entrance after dark Wednesday evening,
and made fast to the north pier, intending to wait
until daylight before proceeding up the river. When
the blow commenced, her fastenings w'ere broken,
and she was driven upon the sunken rocks of the
south pier with such violence as to stave a hole in
her bottom, in consequence of which she immediate
ly commenced tilling. The anchor was cast and the
crew took to their boat, in which they reached the
laud in safety. The vessel lies sunken to the bul
warks near the breakwater. She wili probably be
a total loss, together with her cargo. She haa be
tween 210 and 300 barrels of white tish.
There were seven vessels at anchor within sight
of the city yesterday morning, and some of the tugs
were making efforts to bring them in. The gale
having mostly subsided, the danger was principally
over, although a heavy sea was running all day.
Had the wind come from the northeast, a repeti
tion of the dreadtul dirinste *s which have taken
place before this city would have undoubtedly been
witnessed. As it wi?, great damage must have
been done on the eastern shore of the lake. A
large number of vessels are known to have been
out, and much anxiety is felt for intelligence of
their safety. Among others was the schooner
Plover, which started for buffalo on Wednesday
rooming with 17,000 bushels of wheat. The brig
Mary, the schooners Pilot, Aigoma and Twin
brothers, are also among the uumborof vessels
which must have encountered the gale.
We learn that the schooner Constellation broke
from her moorings at Dickinson s pier, Waukegan,
and went asho: e about half-a-mile south of the pier.
She had on board (3,000 bushels of wheat.
Albany, Nov. 23.—The weather here is mild.—
The wind for the past thirty six hour3 has blown
from the South. There are some rumors of ice in
the Canal at the West, but there is no known ob
struction to navigation as yet.
IJoston, Nov. 21 — 10 P. M.— There has been a
little thunder and lightning here this evening. It is
now raining here.
Buffalo, Nov. 23—10 P. M.—The weather here
is clear, with a light West wind. The thermometer
stands at 26 J above zero.
A break in the Can 1. at Black Rock, will proba
bly suspend canal navigation for the season.
Lake arrivals and departures are very few.
There is no ice in our harbor yet.
Chicago, Nov. 23.—The thermometer here this
morning stood at 2° below zero.
3 P. M.—The weather here is mild, with a driz
zling rain. Navigation is unobstructed.
St. Catharines, Nov. 23.—The Welland Canal
ia full of ice and navigation is closed.
Terrible Disaster on the Missouri River—
Four Men Killed and One Ijost—Fourteen Persons
Scalded and Badly Injured. —From a despatch
received at this office at a late hour last night we
learn of a fearful steamboat accident, involving the
loss of several lives and the maiming and otherwise
injuring of a large number of persons. The details
given in the despacth are very full and doubtless
entirely reliable.
The steamer Catarac 4 , while lying at Lisbon a small
town on the Missouri River, below Glasgow, on the
morning of Tuesday. the 17th, burst her mud receiv
er killing and wounding several persons, subjoined
we have a list of the ki led and wounded:
Killed. —William brace, of Hartford, Connecti
cut, passenger.
Mr. Blackburn, of Cass county. Missouri.
Barney Kelley, keeper of the saloon.
Mr. McDonald, messenger of the United States
Express Company.
Leander Jones, Second Engineer, is reported
lost.
Injured.—Thomas Hutchins, first clerke of the
boat; slightly scalded ; wounds considered not dan
gerous.
Mr. Targee. second clerk ; slightly scalded.
Thomas Hogan, of St. Louis, pilot, scalded.
The porter and the barber, scalded.
Woodridge, Loring, Kelso and Mcseer; slightly
scalded.
Five deck hands and firemen, whose nauitrs have
not been reported, are among the ecaideu.
I The wounded, we lea n, would be sent down to
this place by the first boat pas^itg.
The cause of the casualty is not stated. Fail par
ticulars will be given in our next bene.— St. Louis
1 cmocrat, Nov. 20.
Business at St. Louis.—The St. Louis Republi
can, of tbe 12th, says:—Prospects for a fair fall
trade are brightening. The rivers are in good navi
gable condition, the weather is seasonable, money
appears to be getting more plenty, coin is arriving
from different points, millers are in the market for
wheat and pay gcod pricee, flour is in demand,
grocers are bm-y with country purchasers, pork
packing haa cimmenced in a limited way and will
soon improve, and wholesale merchants are receiv
ing daily remittances from their debtors in the
country. Bread, meat and fuel are to be had at
moderate rates. We are consequently secure from
any apprehension of food riots.
A Difference —A New York letter has the fol
i lowing intereefing item of ihe times :
! It is stated that a down town merchant recently
, repaired to his wife to say that he lacked $1,400 to*
payment of a note, which, it he did not meet,
| would result in bankruptcy, whereupon his wife
g*ve him SSOOO in gold aDd notes, saved from her
house money. That a brother of this same mer
i chant laid by sloooin gold at home, being afraid to
i trust tbe banks, in order to meet a note. When its
use was required, he found it missing. Mis wife had
bought a | Its si get 0 f furs with it at Stewarts, and
1 he merchant failed.
Terrible Disasters—Sinking of Coni Boats—
Burning ot the Steamer Rainboxv
-44 e published, ou Tuesday morning last, the tele
graphic announcement of the sinking of a number
of coal boats on the Mississippi, by a tornado, with
the loss of about ono hundred lives, and the burn
ing of the steamboat Rainbow , by which six y or
seventy more human lives were destroyed. The
loes of life by the sinking of the coal boats appears
to have been greatly exaggerated, but not entirely
without foundation. The Memphis Bulletin of
Tuesday says :
The high and stormy winds of last week were
more disastrous than was st first imagined. It ex
tended aii along up the Ohio and t S'. Louis, where
five boats were blown from their moorings aud
lodged over on the bai just below the city. In this
river the steamer Allegheny had her chimneys
blown overboard and was otherwise injured. YVe
learn from Capt. Smith, ofthe steamer Editor, of the
loss of five paire of coalboats between Columbus
er .i Hickman, and eleven lives lost at the same
time. Iu Merriwether’s Bend three other pairs
were lost, and we hearof some fivoor six more pairs
lost between there aud this place, but crews all
saved. Below hero we learn of the loss of two
pairs, one belonging to Young and the other to
Smith.
The same paper brings a confirmation of the ter
rible disaster to the Rainbow, from which we gather
the following particulars ;
Thefeaiful disaster occurred about 2o’clook on Sat
urday morning last about 1(1 miles this side Napoleon.
The Rainbow wtis coming up from New Orleans
bound for Louisville, aud had on board three bun
died and forty-seven passengers. From the officers
and passengers of the Minnehaha, which passed up
ou Sunday, having on board some of the survivors
ofthe Rainbow, we learn the following particulars ;
Five deck hands belonging to the steamer North
Star, which was wrecked the previous Monday, got
on boaid the Minnehaha at Grand Gulf. They were
very much intoxicated and so turbulent in their
manner, that they were tied before reaching Vicks
burg, where they were put ashore.
They took passage from that place on the Rain
bow. Here they re commenced their violent and
turbulent conduct, and in order to prevent them
from carrying into execution tLe ir threats against
the lives of the deck passengers, they were bound
and two ol them whipped. Tl ey vowed revenge and
swore the boat should never reach her destination.
It is thought that they got loose during the night
e.ud set fire to the boat. It is reported, afro that
the fire was the cause of the carelessuess iu the cook
leaving a bottle of turpentinej in his house near a
fire.
A party of returned Californians are also said to
be the incendiaries.
Another report says that among the deck passen
gers, were some lewd women, who were so violent
as to compel the officers to confine them in the hold.
YVhile at Napoleon, Mr. Johnson, one of the firm on
the whari boat there, thought he noticed smoke
coming out from the hold, and spoke of it at the time.
These, however, are not given as reliable.
The fire was first discovered near the cook house,
while the boat was under headway, but such was
the rapidity with which the flames spread, that the
alarm was not general until the boat had been tun
mto the Arkausas bank. The great loss of life is
accounted for by the inability ofthe officers to get
the stern of the boat into the shore, in consequence
of the high winds prevailing. All the passengers
iu the rear of where the fire commenced, t,ad either
to jump into the water or be oonaumed by’ the
ffaniES, as the chances for escape forward were alto
gether cut off.
The steamers Sovereign aud Minnehaha came up
aud rendered every assistance in their power, and
succeeded in rescuing many who had jumned into
the water. ’ ’
The men who are supposed to have set the boat
on fire were all secured but one who probably es
caped into the woods, and it was thought (hat they
would be hung upon the spot by the etiragedpassen
gers.
There were 12 ladies in the cabin, li of whom per
ished- Mr.Carroll, ope of the survivors, ofTuscum
bia, Ala , states that if the alarm had been given
sooner, a great many more might liave been saved.
He was only awakened in time to save the ladies
under Lis (-Large.
A Mrs. Bond, registered for this place, is the only
one from Memphis positively known to be lost. Dr.
YVheatly ot Kentucky, who had intended stopping
at Memphis, lest his wife and child, 110 was from
California, and lost ulso $25,000 in money.
The following list comprises all the names of the
lost yet ascertained;
Jas. Laughlin, Alliance, Ohio.
lliram Charleston, Alliance, Ohio.
Jas. Branan, Allegheny City, Pa.
Jas. McLaughlin, Pittsburg, Pa.
4Vm. Hern, Pittsburg, Pa.
Geo. Craig, Birmingham, Pa.
Jas. Mehaffy, McKeesport, Pa.
John Galigher, Salineville, Ohio.
Irish girl, on the way to Canelton, hid., to her
mother’s.
Thos. Newhouse, Carollton, Ky.
Geo. Newman, Carollton, Ky.
Blind .nan, named Johnson, two daughters and
wire, going to Paducah—(had one son saved.)
Wm. Chambers, Cincinnati, Ohio.
From the Cincinnati Commercial.
The Ntorin ! —One Hundred Lives Lost*
Our special core spondent telegraphs us from
Louisville ou Saturday night that the tteamer Re
public, Capt. Stewart, bad arrived from St Louis.
She reports that sixteen coal boats (the same that
descended the Falls last week, for tiie Memphis and
New Orleans markets,) were sunk during the storm
early on Wednesday morning, in the Ohio and
Mississippi rivers, in eight of Cairo. The weather
being exceedingly cold, night dark, and the river
unusually rough, only twenty of the meu were
saved. It is supposed at leas! one. hundred wen
were drowned ! The Bteamer Highflyer, Capt T. T.
Wright, reports encountering the storm in the Mis
sissippi river, between Hickman and New Madrid.
She passed three other sunken coal boats near Hick
man. The steamer 11. D. Newcomb reports six
boats as the number lost at that point.
This fleet of boats are owned by the Messre. 4\'at
aon's Morrison and McClusky, Faucett, Miller,
O'Donnell and others of Pittsburg, who have no in
surance. They were all large, extra rigged boats,
and carried a crew of two pilots and twenty men
to each pair,—each boat averaging 16,000 bushels
of coal. As near as we cau learn twenty boats
were lost, containing three hundred thousand busn
els of coni, worth at least $36,000. The loss of life
is deplorable, and will bring sorrow and distress to
numerous families. The crews were principally
from Pittsburg and Louisville, and the vicinity of
the Falls.
Pilot C. R. McFal', of the steamer Gladiator, re
ports several other boat* swamped aud sunk us low
down ns New Madrid.
The Lady Pike, on her upward trip on Friday,
passed a small Big Sandy coal boat, containing 8,-
(100 bushels, sunk ou the Kentucky shore, a short
distance above Carrollton. There were two boats
lashed together—one saved.
Passengers who arrived on the Diamond from
Evansville, report the storm along the lower Ohio
perfectly terrific. No boat was able to run, and all
had to tie up. One of the pair of Ilyatt fir Co’s
monster coal boats, from Louisville, with 20,000
bushels of coal, was Bunk, the crew barely escaping
with their lives. She was cut loose from the other
boal, which it was thought would be saved. A
number of the crew of the lost boat were on the
Diamond. These men report that a pair of coal
boats went down just at the town of Owensboro.
They were supposed to be from Hawesville.
Cincinnati, Nov. 23 — Evening.—The steamer
Newcomb, arrived from below, passed Cairo twelve
hours after the steamer Republic, does not confirm
the reported loss cf coal boats. It is therefore hoped
that the reported loss of file is incorrect, or, at tleaat
exaggerated.
The Albany Ledger has the following:
A gentleman who came passenger on the Fash
ion says that on Wednesday night that steamer
was in a perilous position from the hurricane which
prevailed. At one time it was feared that the cabin
would be blown off. The night was very dark,and
neither shore could be seen. The whistle was
blown for some time, and finally a colored man
came to the bank with a lantern, and the boat suc
ceeded in making a landing.
The steamer Baltimore, arrived from Marietta
last night. Mr. Bentley, the Clerk, has kindly fur
nished us with the following memoranda .
Thursday, 19. —Encountered a heavy gale at
Parkersburg. The steamer Silver Star broke loose
from her moorings, and was blown up stream by
the gale, her bow running into the wheel of the
Baltimore, which disabled the latter boat, detaining
her twelve hours for repairs. The Baltimore ar
rived last night (Sunday) with afull cargo,and!74
cabin and 39 deck passengers.
The storm was also very severe at St. Louis and
vicinity. Considerable damage was done to the
boats in port—many having broke their festerings
and drifted to the opposite side of the river.
S. N. Carvalho's Picture of Emigration
Kanyon in Great Salt Lake Valley.—Emigra
tion Kanyon is a deep, rugged, natural defile in the
Warsatch range of mountains, about four miles to
the northeast of Salt Lake City, in Great Salt Lake
Valley. After crossing Ihe mountains tke road, or
emigration trail, winds itself along the bottom of
this canon. The scenery is of the most terrific
character. The distance is about five miles through,
and at almost every turn immense over hanging
rocks threaten to break down upon the little tor
rent river that has worn its way at their base. The
road crosses and re crosses this stream about forty
times iu its serpentine and zig zag course. At the
end of the ravine the emigrant or traveller comes
abruptly out of tbe dark pass into the lighted and
extensive valley of the Great Sait Lake. It is
through this canon pass that the whole emigration
from the Eastern States must pass to get to Califor
nia on the route, and it is the only natural depres
sion in the Warsatch range for about 150 miles that
affords a passage l hrough this immense body of
mountains. Tbe Timpanagos pass, explored and
surveyed by Lieutenant Beckwith, in 1854, isabout
150 miles to the South, and the mouth of the pass
opens also near a large Mormon settlement called
Fillmore City.
The United States troops .will have to enter Sait
L ike Valley through the emigration canon, and
Brigham Young can, wi ll a mere handful of men
and a few pieces of cannon, if he is so disposed,
guard and successfully defend this pa°- Huge
masses of rock could be thrown down in the bottom
of the canon preventing artillery or other kinds of
wagons from passing, and one twenty-four pounder,
loaded with grape aud judiciously placed, could deal
out death and destruction to ten thousand troops.
[Baltimore American.
The Bay State Mills, &c. —Our telegraphic
dispati hes within a few days have referred to cir
cumstances in connection with a leading firm in
Boston, which, for a single day, caused an unwil
lingness by capitalists to negotiate any paper in
that city, and then subsequently the fact was stated
that Mr. George H. Kuhn had been chosen treasure]
of the Bay State Mills in place of Mr. Samuel I-aw
rence, of Boston, who resigned on Saturday last
It appears that there is some dissatisfaction as to
the manner in which the acceptances of the Bay
State, as well as the Middlesex and Pemberton
mills, had been applied by Mr. Lawrence as a mem
ber of tbe firm of Lawrence, Stone He Cos., who were
the agents for a long time of these corporations, but
who suspended, it will be recollected, sometime
since, on the eve of Mr. Lawrence's arrival from Eu
rope. The amount of the acceptance* of the differ
ent companies in ques! iwn is as follows : Bay State
Mills $225,000 : MiddlSex $280,000, Pemberton
$75,000 —to’ai, $580,000.
The Lowell Courier of the 21st, however, iu re
gard to the rumored misuse of funds, says:
It gives us p’eaeure to state that an unqualified
denial of the truth of .these reports has been made,
from a source possessing undoubted means of in
formation, and on which, we suppose, we may im’
piieitly rely.
The Boston Courier also says in reference to the
subject:
We have good reason to believe that time will
Bi.ow a nonunion of affairs at leaet far less deserving
of censure than those who are too credulous of evil
impressions are disposed to imagine The fault, we
suspect, will be found to consist only in a mistaken
method of conducting business not pecuhai to the
firm in question. And this is a mode which would
be lik. iy to lead all similarly situated to commit er
rors undiscovered even by themselves until too
late’ and involves, as we hope and believe, no just
imputation of any moral delinquency. We desire
to hear good of all men rather than evil. And we
cannot but regret that so reedy a disposition has
been Bbown in auy quarter to spread details before
the public which may prove baseless, or in auy hasty
manner prejudice the case.
Mr. Samuel Lawrence is tbe last surviving broth
er of the late Abbott aud Amos Lawrence.
VOL. LXX.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXL NO. 48.
Lalcr from lire Plain-.
Brigham loung Disclaims any Knowledge ofthe
Firing of our Trains.
The St. Louis Republican of the 16lh inst, an
“ounces tree arrival in that city, rn route for Wash
ington,of Mr. Lander Chief Engineer of Magrnw’s
Wagon Road Survey, and well known for his dar
ing trip across the Continent during the cummer of
the Sioux war, with a party of lour men, only ono
of whom av ived with him at the Mis-:, uri river as
we,la* for his scientific exploiations and surveys in
the rsortnwesr. The Republican says :
This gentleman has performed, since the 15th day
ol June last, the unprecedented feat of riding 4 40(1
redes, much of the distance in unexplored mountain
passes, and ah m rough field service, without a tent
C "-°ir inar y, 1 ’ > u the short space of four and
a halt months, moulding eighteen camp days. He
commenced with a party of thirteen men, four of
whom returned with him to the starting point at
Independence, Mo. Many of the original party were
disabled by illness, and some remain in the inoun
tains, or are on their wav to the settlements Wm
11, Wagner, Join ‘I. Ingle. Calvin J. Crocker, and
Alexander Mitchell, are the names of those wi.o
arrived with Mr. Lander.
This severe labor was performed for the purpose
of selecting the shertest practicable route for Ihe
new wagon road, p- r ’ the arrival of the working
tram in charge ot Superintendent Magraw. From
scarcity of grass and other obstacles not foreseen
by inexperienced parties, the main working train
oily arrived at the South Pass in season to go into
winter quarters, where it now is.
The Mormons having burned all the grass on the
Southern wintering grounds, the wagon road ex
pedition has selected a camp on Wind river It is
surrounded by herds of buffalo and elk, with which,
iu eveul ol failure of other means of subsistence,
the train may be supplied.
B. h. Fickliu, one ot the assistant, engineers of
the advance party, who had distinguished himself
iu detached service, had been detailed by Mr
Land-r alt he request of Superintendent Magraw!
to purchase flour and othei provision for the train.
In performing this duty he was surrounded near
Green river, by sixty well armed mounted Mor
mons. He gave them evasive answers as to the
nature of his business, and wasat length allowed to
depart.
Ile rode at once to the command of Col. Alexan
der, many miles distant, aud informed that gentle
man of the advance of the mounted armed men,
and of the rumors that 500 had crossed Green River
going in the direction of unprotected Government
trains, but before any escort was sent, 3 trains,
embracing 76 wagons, were reached aud complete
ly destroyed by the party of 69 meu first seen.
From the destruction of these trains of provisions,
the Eastern mountaineers were disposed to hold
articles of subsistance at a high price. Flour was
8-19 i’ cwt. at Platte Bridge, 12.) miles beyond
Fort Laramie, and rising; aud a genera! belief pre
vailed in the country that hostilities were com
menced. The military forces were in high spirits
amt though traveling, With every prospect of eudur
iug great hardships, enthusiastic to a Tuan, aud pre
pared for the worst.
The explorations of the advance party of the
Wagon lioad Expedition had proved of great ser
vice to the command. The entire region between
the Salt Lake and Snake river, the South Pass and
Thousand String Valley, connecting the work of
Stanbury aud Fremont, and hitherto unexplored,
has been surveyed aud mapped- sixteen mountain
passes examined, all the tributaries oftlio Upper
Green defined to their sources, the great
Wali-itch chain found to consist of lour distinct
ranges. Numerous supplies of grass, wood and
water had been discovered, and various wagon
routes, two of which avoid the Grand Heeerl of the
Sandy, and one seven days shorter travel iu a dis
tanceof five hundred miles than any previously
known. These may be mentioned as some of the
results of the explorations. The military force had,
therefore, abandoned the old line of approach, and
were advancing upon the valley of the lake by the
open plains of the western descent of the Bear and
Malado rivers.
Our informant, who was a former member of Mr.
Sander’s party, assures us that much important in
telligence, to which he can have no access until it
reaches the Interior Department, will shortly be laid
before the country
YVe forgot to state that Gov. Cummings and lady,
with the Secretary of the Territory, were met about
two days’ march east ot Fort Laramie with Col.
Cooke aud the Utah mail traiu.
When Mr. R. informed Gov. Cummings cf the
commencement of the Mormon disturbances by
the destruction of Government trains, being the
first to bring this intelligence, Gov. C. quietly re
marked, “Tell all my friends, sir, that I started to
obey instructions and to go into Salt Lake City,
and J am going.”
Brigham Young had already disclaimed any par
ticapation or knowledge ofthe over act of burning
the supply trains, and the best judges of the Mor
mon character believe that the leaders of this sin
gular society will continue to endeavor to blind the
eyes of the General Government and put off the
day of a atand-up fight to the lust moment. On the
other hand, old mountaineers are predicting the
most disastrous consequences if the troops are not
able to tight their way into the city. The grass
burned, the forage well nigh eaten up, winter set
ting in with several deep snows, much of the com
maud far iu the rear, and a great range of moun
tains shutting it from the northern wintering grounds
all seem to give weight to the supposition that the
expedition will not be a successful one. Cache
Valley, which is an open, well grassed plain, in
which are several herds of cattle, and heraes, the
, property of the church, will soon, however, be with
in striking distance of the nommaud.
Our next advices will probably bring un further
aud more important news.
Sailing of the Adriatic.
The new Collins steamship Adriatic sailed from
New York on Her first trip to Liverpool, at twenty
five minutes to one o’clock on Monday, aud her
departure was witnessed by several thousand per
sons, who had gathered at every available place in
her neighborhood. As early as ten o’clock many
crowded the decks cf the steamer, and a continual
stream of persons, going and coining, was kept up
until the time of sailing. The Express says:
At half past eleven o’clock the dock leadmg out
to the steamer whs literally crowded to overflow
ing. A strong force of police wtre in attendance,
and only gentlemen with ladies were then admit
ted inside the gate. Three small steamers, the M.
I). Pettell, the Sarah Brown and James Smith, lay
alongside the steamer to render her any assistance
necessary. The large - ‘ .il tug W. 11. YVebb wbh
also n hand.
At 12 o’clock the signal was given to cast off the
lines, when the Bailie, which was lying at the eud
of the pier, was hauled up so as to give the Adriatic
free way. Avery strong flood tide was running,
rendering it meseeary for the Adriatic to have her
bows turned down.
At five minutes past 12 o’clock (he steamer began
to move out, when three loud and long cheers went
up from the crowd ; the eud of the pier, the shed
covering the dock and the piers sunounding Col
lins’dock being crowded with people at tbis lime.
Just as the bow of the Adriatic had reached tne
end of the pier, the steam-lug William H. YVebb
came dropping down behind tbe Baltic, not
aware that the Adriatic had started. The YVebb
got directly abreast of the steamer before she could
back water. It was then evident IL L. they must
come together, and tiie greatest excitement pre
vailed among the hundreds who were looking out.
Several cried out, “The Webb will surely be sunk ;
she will be cut to pieces others, “There she goes!
andd —n that pilot of the Webb.” The Webb iu
stantiy reversed her engines, and began moving
back wheu the Adriatic struck her about two or
three feet from her bow, and, to Ihe astonishment
of everybody, threw her around without doing her
the slightest injury.
The Adriatic’s machinery having been stopped,
she was driven up close to the pier head, but her
wheels were, however, immediately set in motion,
aud she again commenced to move out. She unlor
tunately, however, Btruek the spring pieces on the
end of the dock—making somewhat of e, crash, two
or three bearers being carried away. Several hun
dred persons w-re at the time standing on the end
of the dock aud on the spring pieces ; the people
then jumped and ran in every direction, fearing
that the whole dock was going ill; fortunately no
person was seriously injured. A young man named
Henderson, however, received a slight bruise on
the leg.
No sooner had tbe excitement that followed the
crash subsided, than the two metallic life boats on
she starboard side,forward ofthe wheel house, came
in contact with the end of the pier and were instant
ly broken to pieces. The steamer’s bow was by
this time carried clear around against the Baltic.—
She, however, moved on, and the flag staff of the
Baltic came in contact with the Adriatic’s starboard
wheel-house, it was partly carried away. The steam
er then moved along slowly, but soon the two life
boats aft the wheel-house were driven up against
the stern of the Baltic, and both of them were com
pletely destroyed.
The three small steam tow boats were all this
while tugging on the buw of the Adriatic but they
could not succeed in keeping her off. The Baltic
was then started ahead and tbis gave the Adriatic a
little more working room, and after a lew moments
she glided out into the stream with the steam tugs
still fastened to her. They all floated up the river
together for some little dietance, and, when about
opposite 14th street the tugs took leave of her, and
at twenty-five minutes to one the Adriatic headed
for the Narrows.
As soon as the crowd perceived her moving out
they commenced to cheer and kept up a continu
ous voice of hurrahs forever ten minutes. When
she headed down the bay sbe fired her parting gun,
which was answered by the Baltic just as the
Adriatic was abreast the dock, and from that time
until she passed Castle Garden, the several Btea
merstlying at the docks along both shores of the
river fired salute after salute, to alt cf which the
Adriatic responded. In ten minutes she was too
far down the bay to be seen to advantage, and the
crowd at the piers, with a parting cheer, wishing
the gallant ship bon voyage, dispersed and went
their ways.
The Arabia gave the Adriatic a Port Captain’s
salute of nine guns as she passed, and bad all the
flags flying.
The Adriatic takes out thirty-eight passengers
and $490,000 in specie. Her crew, including offi
cers and men numbers one hundred and eighty
eight.
The Wm. H. Webb, the fastest steamer in the
bay, attempted to try her speed with the Adriatic.
At first ehe gained on her some half a mile , but as
tbe engines of the Adriatic were worked up to an
approximation to their full power, this dividing and s
tance was gradually reduced to nothing, and as the
two vessels were lost to sight, the Webb was bare ly
holding her own. _ _
Immense Wealth—lts Consequences.—The
vanity of riches i-. seldom illustrated o strikingly
as in the case of the great English millionaire, Mor
rison, who died worth S2O 000,000. It seems to be
one of the conditions of the accumulation of enor
mous wealth in a single generation that she posses
sor shall first disqualify hirnself from enjoying it,
and in some r ases, even appreciating the tact that
he bolds it. Mr. Morrison accumulated this almost
fabulous amount himself, and in the regular couise
of his business, without any extraordinary turn of
fortune ; yet tbe following extract from a letter in
the Boston Post shows how little benefit he pernfit
rnitted himself to receive from all his wealth. What
a satire il is upon the exclusive devotion of all the
faculties to the mere accumulation of property;
“ Mr. Morrison retired from active basinets v
era! years since, without withdrawing bis capital
from the mercantile house, and though managing
his vast funds himself up to the time of his death
with all the sagacity of earlier days, he has for iba
oast three years been possessed with the idea that he
should come to watt. ‘ More than two years ago he
commenced doing nay iabor upon a farm held by
oue of bis tenants tor which he received twelveshil
lings a week, and this he continued up to the ti ne
us hie fitness. For the last eighteen months he has
been a regular applicant for reliet to the parish, as
sembling twice a week with the town paupers at
the door of the * Union,’ and receiving with each
one of them his two snillings and a quartern loat. —
His friends have indulged him iu these fancies on
the ground that it was the best choice of two evils.
The truth was money was his god ; and the ideabe
caxe at last too great for him and broke him down.
And yet he is said to have made a most judicious
will and his investments up to the laßt are charac
terised by great good sense. The probate duty on
his will exceeds £
Hartford,Nov. 23 Our annual town eleoiion
came off to-day. The Union party elects four Se- ;
lectinen to the Democrat*’ one; tbe balance ot tb© ;
ticket ia equally divided. A ticket nominated by
the National Americans, containing names from
each of the other tickets, controlled tbe eleotion.
None were elected except those ou the American
ticket. The election was warmly contested. Ihe
whole vote was about 3,300.
Tlm* Kansan Constitution.
e ® n d ‘u the New York CommercialAdvertiter t
tlie Allowing schedule of the Constitution prepared
by the late convention in Kansas:
i SCHEDULE.
f son ot a change from a territorial to a permanent
* s-ato government, it is declared that all rights, ae
i tions, prosecutions, judgments, claims, and contracts,
i as ‘veil of individuals as of bodies corporate, except
the bill incorporating banka, by the last territorial
Legislature, shall continue as if no such change had
taken place, and all procesaea?es which may have is
su <1 under tho authority of the territory of Kansan
shall be valid as if issued in the name of the state of
Kausas.
Sfc. 2. All 1 ws now in force in tho territory or
Kansas, which aro not repugnant to this constitu
tion, shall continue and be of fores until altered,
amended, or repealed by a legislature assembled by
the provisions of this constitution.
Sec 3. All lines, penalties, and forfeiture accru
ing to the territory of Kansas shall inure to the use
of the state of Kansas.
Sec. 4 All recognizances heretofore taken shall
pa.*s to, and be prosecuted in the u ime of the state
of Kansas : and all bonds executed to the governor
of the territory, or to any other officer or court, in
his or their official capacity, shall pass to the gover
nor atid corresponding officers of the btate authority,
and their successors iu office, and for the use there
in expressed, and may be sjed for uud recovered
accordingly ; and all the estates or property, real,
personal, or mixed, ami all judgments, bonds, spe
cialities, eases in action, and claims or debts of
whatever description, of the territory of Kansas, shall
inure to and vest iu the state of Kansas, and be
sued lor and recovered in the same manner aud to
the same extent that the same could have been by
the territory of Kansas.
Sec. 5. All criminal prosecutions and penal ac
ions which may have arisen before the chauge fron>
a territorial to a state government, aud which shall
then bo pending, shall be prosecuted to judgment,
iu the name ot the state ot Kansas-, all actions at
law and suits in equity which may be pendiug in
the courts of the Territory of Kansas at the time of
the change from a territorial to a state government
may be continued aud transferred to any court of
the state wh’ch shall have jurisdiction of the sub
ject-matter thereof.
Sec. 6. All officers, civil and unitary, holding
I heir offices under the authority of the territory of
Kansas, shall continue to hold aud exercise tneir
respective offices uutii they shall be superseded by
the authority of the State.
Sec. 7. This constitution shall bo submitted to the
Congress ot the United States at its next ensuing
session; nnd as soon as official information has been
received that it Is approved by the same, by the ad
mission of the state of Kansas as one of the sever
eign states of the United States, the president of
this convention shall issue his proclamation to con
vene the State legislature at the seat of government,
within thirty-one days after publication. Should
any vacancy occur by death, resignation, or other
wise, in the legislature or other offioe, he shall order
an election to tiU such vacauoy: Provided , however,
in case of refusal, absence, or disability otthe preei
dent of this convention to discharge the duties here
in imposed on him, the president/?r0 tempore of this
convention shall perform said duties; and iu case of
absence, refusal, or disability of the president pro
temjporc, a, committee consisting of seven, or a
majority of them, shall discharge the duties required
of the president of this convention.
Sec. H. The governor and all other officers shall
enter upon the discharge of their respective duties
as soon after tho admission of tho state of Kapaas
as one of the independent and sovereign states of
the Union aaraay be convenient.
Sec. 9. Oaths of office may be administeredJby
any judge, justice of the peace, or any judge of
any court of record of the territory or state of Kan
sas, uutii the Legislalure of the state may otherwise
direct.
Sec. 10. After the year one thousand eight bun
dredand sixty-four, whenever the Legislature shall
think it necessary to amend, alter, and change this
constitution, they sha 1 recommend to the electors
at the next general election, two thirds of the mem
bers of each house concurring, to vote for or against
the calling oi a convention ; aud if it appear that a
majority of all the citizens of the state have voted
for a convention, the Legislature shall, at its uext
regular session, call a convention, to consist of as
many members as there may be in the house of
representatives at ihe time, to be chosen in the
same manner, at tbe same places, and by the same
electors, that choose tho representatives; said
delegates so chosen shall meet within thjeo month**
alter said election, for the purpose of amending, re
vising, or changing the constitution.
Sec. U. Before this constitution shall be sent to
Congress for admission into the Union as a state, it
shall be submitted to all the white male inhabitants
of tffis territory, for approval or disapproval, as fol
lows : The president of this convention shall, by
proclamation, declare that on the *-21 st of December,
1857, at the different election precincts now eatab
lished by law, or which may bo established as here
in provided, in the territory of Kaunas, an election
shall be held, over which shall preside three judges,
ot a majority of three, to bo appointed as follows
The president of t tie convention shall appoint three
commissioners in each county in the territory,
whose duty it shall be to appoint three judges of
elect iou iu the several preciuta of their respective
counties, at which election the constitution framed
by this convention shall be submitted to all the
white male inhabitants of the territory of Kansas, in
the said territory, upon that day, and over the age
of twenty-one years, for ratification or rejection, in
the following manner and form. The vote shall be
by ballot. The judges of said election shall cause
to be kept two poll books by two clerks, by them
appointed. The ballots cast at said election shall
be endorsed “Constitution with slavery, and “Con
titution with One of a:iid poll books
shall be returned within eight days to the president
of this convention, aud the other shall be retained
by lhe judges of election and kept open for inspec
tion.
The president, with two or more members of this
convention, shall examine raid poll bocks, aud if it
shall appear upon said examination that a majority
of tlie legal voles cast at said,election be in favor of
Ihe constitution with slavery, ho shall immediately
iiave the same transmitted to the Congress of the
United Slates, ns hereinbef re provided But if,
upon such examination of said pull books, it shall
appear that a majority of the legal votes cast at said
election bo in iavor of the ‘'constitution wilh no
slavery,” them the article providing ior slavery shall
be stricken from the constitution by the president
of this convention, and no slavery shall exist in the
state of Kansas, except that the right of property in
slaves now in this territory shall in no manner bo
interfered with, and shall have transmitted the con
stitution so ratified to the Congress of the United
States, hh hereinbefore provided. In oase of the
failure of the president of this convention to perform
the duties, by reason of death, resignation, or other
wise, the same duties snail devolve upon the presi
dr nt pro tem.
Sec. 12 Ali officers appointed to carry iutoexecu
tion the provisions of the foregoing sections shall,
before entering upon their duties, bs sworn to faith
fully perform the duties of their r,dices ; and,on fail
ure thereof, be subject to the same charges and pen
alties as are provided iu like case under ihe territori
al laws.
Sec. 13. The olliceis provided for in the preced
ing lections shall receive for their services the same
compensation as is given to officers for performing
similar duties under the territorial laws.
Sec. 14. Every person offering to vote at the
aforesaid election upon said constitution shall, if
challenged, take an oath to support the constitution
of the United Slates, and io support this contitution,
if adopted, under the penalties of peijury under the
territorial laws.
Sec. 15. There shall be a general election upon
the first Monday in January, 1858, at which election
shall be chosen i governor, lieutenant governor,
secretary of state, auditor of Hlate, state treasurer,
and members of the Legislature, aud also a member
of Congress.
Sec. lli. Until the Legislature elected in accor
dance with the provisions ol this constitution shall
otherwise direct, the salary of the Governor shall be
three thousand dollere per annum; and the salary of
the Lieutenant Governor shall bo doublet.be pay of
a state Ben itor, and the pay of members of the
Legislature shall ho five dollars per diem until other
wise provided by the first Legi-lature, which shall
fix the salaries of al officers other than those elect
ed by the people at the first election.
Sec. 17. This constitution shall take effect, and bo
in force from and afier its ratification by the people,
as hereinbefore provided.
A Romance at Sea. —The Secretary of State at
Madrid has communicated to the minister plenipo
tentiary of the United States in Spain the following
declaration, translated through the minister of rna
rine, and made before the captain of the port at
Tarragona, by D. Jose Bosch, captain of the Spanish
brig Jacinta:
On the 22d of July last, at seven o’clock in the
morning, in north latitude 37 deg. 8 min., and west
longitude 34 deg. 30 min., being bound for Spain
from New Orleans, after being out thirty three days
I pc ceived a boat with people who were waving
a while handkerchief and pulling in the direction of
my brig. Believing they were shipwrecked, I gave
orders to bear down on them, and being side by side
they told me that two days before, being out in pur
suit of a whale, they, during a squall, had lost sight
of their bark, in which they had left behind the wife
of the captain, who was the man that was then
speaking to me, adding that she was in an interest
ing condition, having with her besides a little boy
aud two other persons.
A little furthei north I perceived two othr boats,
ail belonging to the American bark Alto, Captain
Thos. 11. Lawrence, of New Bedford, whence he
had sailed forty-three days before. The men of the
said boats, numbering in all eighteen, having been
taken on board, exhausted from fatigue, were pro
vided with food aud clothing, and seeing the despair
of the captain on account of the loss of hie family
and his vessel in the midst of the sea, I resolved at
any hazard to go in quest of them. The stormy
weather, the foreign idiom of the captain—which
did not permit me to clearly understand the direc
tion where tbe bark might be found—the time
which passed since they had lost sight of their ship,
and my own obligations to continue my course, af
ter having experienced thirty-three days of bad
weather—all these powerful reasons did not induce
me to give up my resolution of aiding those unfor
tunate men and contolmg them in their affliction;
and trusting to Providence and my good cause I
steered to the north.
We passed the day without perceiving any ves
sel, and the night overtaking us without having at
tained our purpose, we passed it with the utmost
vigilance, the captain being in a state of extraordi
nary prostration andanxiety, which increased my de
termination to continue my enterprise. The dawn
of the 22d came on, and my vigilance was redou
bled; at 10 A M the watch at the masthead des
cried a sail bearing N. N E I immediately stood
for it and, with a l'reehemng wind, at 110 clock I
dietiugui-hed a bark. I induced the capium to go
aloft, encouraging him and trying to console him n
every possible manner, to see whether he could
makeherout; and at half past 11 God had crowned
my undertaking and fulfillei my wish—it was the
bark Aito. The transports of Captain Lawrence
were unbounded; he embraced me and offered me
a large amount of money when he should get on
board, which I retused, for I would not crown my
act by accepting money-. When a short distance
from her I lowered the boats and carried tbe orew
and their captain to their bark, where, in fact, I
found a poor young lady, with o babe in her arms,
breathless and in the greatest agony. The captain
after the first effusions of his joy, repeated bis of
feis insisting upon my accepting them, but which
I refused as before, aud having lecsived the bene
dictions ot ail on board, I returned to my ship to
continue my voyage.
Bread Baking. —Alluding to the demonstration
of the Philadelphia bakers against theeteam bakery
in that city, the New York Journal of Commerce
rays ;
From our knowledge of the capacity and capabili
ty of Berdans Automatic Oven, with the various
machinery in connection with it, we would advise
the bakers to be cautious bow they assail it. It is
not a question of Capitol against labor; it is a ques
tion of mochanical labor against hand labor; ques
tion of cheap bread against dear bread ; a question
of pure bread against bread made with the addi
tion ot chemicals ; a question of bread made dean
and sweet against bread mixed with the sweat of
the human body aud all the impurities of the under
ground bakeries of the cities. This is the ques
tion ; and bakers may be assured, that where Cheap
neat, pure and wholesome bread is concerned, all
the people will be on the side of any bakery which
will improve our condition in this respect. We
anticipate that the Philadelphia Mechanical Bakery
will work a revolution in the bread business of that
city.