Newspaper Page Text
BY W. S. JONES.
THE WEEKLY
CHRONICLE A SENTINEL
IS PUBLISHED EYEFiY WEDNESDAY,!
ID IUBUJIILU (.mu
THRKK HOLLARS f‘<r Annum:
TWO DOtLAItS WftKIS PAH) JN
, within THF>ZE MONTHS after the
r* i .'<• ■'.:/ to - a-ho may procure a Five eub
n l . }.< r -r.: , Wit * urh ir*ertion. •
KDUGATIONAL.
! I !i-> MIC- . .*_. a i o ;,ie too !
200 ;Mio ‘•Ut"”
,i wh i- ..}.] balrtl.L No 3 MACKEREL
• ■ a*! min tnc,ftprnan4 WntOANDLBS
limm,;’' ’ •.
and whatever C* m and Fodder I
•V hav. • \ !.. :. i -•'• f.i <o •>r<al4V given !
JOHN M BLOUNT. j
i ;nJin.oru ;o:v i ok a physic m\ in
\V V ’n.'K'Vv,v'!': ■STi&mrAK? U\rr
>''• ‘ t ■Wi'-kiiA U . Wi{J TB** >t tH ‘
inonii b\. nr : J Reading. Primary
’
.
Vb* lriee*ia’ rH-:u> arc pimple. w*tti high plica coiling,
• *
SAM DEL SWAN & CO.,
! < iSE^, i uF^ ANAU^UV HVNK AM)
FBIUTLAND NURSERY. 4
Avjr*sta, Oa. ‘ !
j fp: by
JH • v.' t - :. *\\ m liA.t.ex Broad street, |
aov ..iiwiwlf
00-E ABTNEESHIP
i I.KUKI; .t\Ki It %%D \\l MIK
* a lyitokun the Mdirngbusiaoti, water u.- nwnr iud Ona j
? KAKKH A USHKR
AU&J dti
ijronkk & Sentinel.
%Nl> TilK LS( (MIPTU.N < HV'TI
TITION.
MKsSAfIK OK PRIWIDEIjr BL'I.IIAKAX.
‘i f/:: owing Hostage from the I'resident wiw
*ra *. ied to Loth Houses of CongTeqp yesterday :
ik,v &>*/* //(iww 4 if Rrpremtatwes of Liu
I L*vo r and rived from J. Calhoun, Esq., Provident
~f t ■ -i * . totiwia! convention orKw rt?. a
of -*, d u-y n*rt'.tied Ijv himself, of the equal ilation
•ritu .-J by t l b<*dy, with the expression of a hope
* ■ t 1 v- • a j --tibii. r the parne to the consideration
I* -witnjhe vv-w of the ad rate? ion of
Kh- it as an independent State.’ 1 —
j„ (■ , • wit?: U;i.- request, I herewith trans
?to I .--r for their action, the constitution
f, . . /•••;• M idinance respecting tbe pub
well aa t.e letter of Mr. Calhoun, uated
a’ L ,:npt.o!i on the I Ith ult ,by which they, were
11 ji, Having received but a single copy
. i and ordinance,-1 send thi*? to the
Au* at ’ -5 >n ccema to pervade the public
* . reifj.on t-, the < edition of parties in Karj
- . i; . ar. •••.■. from the difficulty of inducing the
American people to realise the fact that any por
t ,not Ahem-rl. ‘ : r ibe in astate of rebellion gainst
,v>-rr ; rr.-nt u which they live. Wiien we
■ k *t ti *■ affair* of K-iivi we are apt to refer
rriy t ?h* existence of two violent political par
’ th-it Terri* ry, divided on the question of
jtvwy, just as we speak of such parties in the
S* -.u ’ Thi. pretents no adequate idea of the true
.
• i two political parties, both acknowledging tlie
inv. ’ ! existence ei the government, but between
;.* vflio &p‘ l"yal to this government and those
v i.rwi; • j •:savored to destroy its existence by
fore* ai*d - .pation—bet ween those who sustain
w . ■ l ave done all in their power to over
•jjrv’.v* the territorial government established by
( ‘+■!*. This governnent tiey would long since
‘T ‘ ibver. fvj had it not been protected from their
a . by the i. -sips of the United States
Sucii has been condition of affairs since my
. ‘*!■ . Ever since that period a large por
i>u ii f i .* peopfe of Kansas have been in a state
• >• ; cwi -gainst the g'>vernment, with a milita
ry l< nder a? heir head of a most turbulent and dan
g ini - c!iai‘arter. Ti.ey have never acknowledged,
;.rit have constantly renounced laid defied the
governmopt to which they owe allegiance, and
fj-.v.-ijeeu all flie time in a ot resistance
. r ‘ i|. authority. They have ail the time been
. ; coring to sp* vert it and to establish a rt
v ai .nary government, under the so called Tope
i: a • i-i’ ut i.ii, in its - *<ad. Even at this very mo
ment the To‘*rka in oeaaion. Who
i \<-i h n read Die correspondence of Governor
i W-jlker with t-e S ate Department, recently oom-
to.the Senate, will be convinced that
pi ure is not overdrawn. Heklway protest
••d against tha withdrawal of any portion of the
. ~i; ary force • fti.e United States from the Terri
,y, (Uxcmiag presence absolutely necessary for
t pr servatiou of the regular government and
l!,i- ,-cuti-oi of the law . In hits very first den
pi. , to!!;!- s*;eirtary of Scale dated June, 2,1867,
L • -’ty most alarm lug movement, how*
. embung, ontha 9ffi June
.. railed I peka Legislature, with a view to
tl:..- . iioct merit of an entire code of laws. Qf course,
i* wiii.be rny Audeavor to prevent such a result,
rt t would lead to inevitable aud deastrous colli
h* , and, in fu *, renew the civil war in Kansas.'’
I was with and fin uity prevented by Use efforts of
G-.v. Walker-, but soon thereafter, on the J4th of
J.dy, we ffnd him requesting General Jlarney to
fu liiin aj'egiment of dragoons to proceed to
ti, < i yof Law rence—and this for the reason that
S had received authentic intelligence, verified by
! i owikactual observation, that a dangerotls rebei
lingUH ‘•■ii defiance of
li.c laws and of an insurgent
g vernnw nt in that ty.”
11! th.- despatch of July 15th he ui
■ the 8 of 6 ale that “ibis movement
a* fjiiwn i-ce jva the beginning of a plan, origiua
/ in that city, to organize insurrection tjuough
. us tin* and especially in all towns, cities
, r rou, ‘ vvlivrc Uie Republicaii party have ama
.rit v. Lawn-nco is the hot bed of all the abolition
iiiov*. incuts in t his Territory. It is the town estab-
I<! rd f>y x^bolition societies of the Kast; and
v tf.i arc i < pe,'-table people there, it is tilled
• ible uumbei of aA
j i Iby alKilition to perpetualu and diffuse
h. ■'■•{at >Mi f hrougliout Kansas, and prevent a emp.-
i * tticmrid this question. Having failed in
, i.;i: i(ing their own fo-callcd Topeka State Legis
l,* :rr ; •'ri ; yui!/.e this insurrection, Lawrence
hu ( oinmenr -d it h well', and, if not arrested, the
will. Territory,”
An 1 ;... ihi: “In order to send this communication
imui’ *.'iatc!y by mail, 1 must close by assuring you
tnat the spirit of rebellion p< rvades the great mass
of the Kepublican parly of this Territory, instiga
tnl, as 1 entei !nin no doubt they arc, by eastern
societies having in view results most disastrous
i >ll government and n* tlie Union; and ttiat the
continued puwnce *1 Gen. Harney here is indis
p. i. .b'..-, n< originally stipulated ly me, with a
huge body ot dr.i ‘nous and several batteries ”
untie \*J:h July, 18. J, Gen. Lane, nuderthcau
i tli-.iity of the Topeka convention, undertook, as
(iov-i Wall:* i informs uh, “to organize the
w* .*■ sim al;**u free State party into yoUmtecrs, and
! i tali’ the nanu *.J all who refuse enrollment.—
I prof*•?.-• *1 object is lo prot*. t the polls at the
• . ii in Augj. ’ ••! the new insurgent Topeka
State Legislature.
• . I j.. . •>! taking theuamenof till Who refuse ‘
• i,iol’iiK nt ’to terrify ilie freehtab conservatives
in .. . Iju/is.* i*u. Thi'* w provoked hyiooantatroci
. ouii. died on sqnh men by TopeUaiteii Hie
~-Ady location of large bodies of regular troops
lb two batteries, Is necemry. Ti e Law
i. • c* i: nls await tlie development of this rev*- I
o!;n io-uiry military organization.’*
lit • Governor’s a<‘spatch of July 27th, he says
ii. • <D i; La .e and his taff everywhere deny the
a lUiori'y of t).*• territorial laws, and counsel a total
and. Tvgut-d 11 ttiese enactmeuts.’*
W , ai jcr.hicg further quotations of a similar
. .i. ! oin other despatches of Gov. Walker,
if appeal by 4 r.Terence to Mr. Stanton’s commu
. [: o?i to Gen. t theDth Decemberla^t,lhat
“ important step of caliing the Legislature 10-
_ was taken atter I [hejhad become suti.-tied
, he elea!ion ordered oy the convention on the
. ‘ ■ it!; t . onU not be conducted without collision
in Mew 10the dSdojil feel
i. _• auiocg the cneiipo.- ol the government estab
!'. i;.d by Cougrcje, thqt art eie* tioil whicli affc*rdel
an opp* rtut.ity, it in sh • majority, of making Kan
. tree State, according to ;heir own professed
ii r, cwuld not bcrconducted without collision and
‘1 h. Uyth i-, i. 1 at, ’.!! t’ the presenf moment, lU
mic dfstie existing government still adhere to
tin irTopeka revolutionary constitution and gov
• mment. T!.o v<ry Brat .paragraph of the message
of Gov. Kobinsou, dated on the 7th December, to
1 i. j ck’t
: in open deflanee of the eofistitiition
a ‘a. < • ?!:•> Unii and States. The Governor eayß:
The Convention which Burned the Constitution at
ToprUa . itgio. ted wifli tiiapeui>£e of Kansas Tet
, 1ii•. Tl have adopted ana ratified same
t>\ . • by a t vote, aud also indirectly through
!u< i<;i Stat< offic rstwid members of tlie
S'.:.*; L- gi .at ure Yet it baa pleased the admiuis
!ia .11 i regard the wk< lo pn.*ceediog as revolu
t ionary.
Tll Topeka go\ t-uyDeut, adhered to with such
trc is a government m direct
opp. to pie existing government prescribed
4 ;;ul n < gniztvi by Congress. It is an usurpation
01 iw .1 character as it would lie for a portion
. lie poop’- t any State in lhe Union to under*
fake to < abh.-h a separate government, withlu its
hn. ••• r tue purpose of redressing any grievance,
rn .: i ..ty. *f which thqy might complain,
ar. un**; !uU gitaoa’o State government Such a
pi m ..... would destroy
all .u uiiiority ar,d produce universal anarchy.
From this statement of facts, tue ecjon becomes
j 1 ■ pal>\ why the ouemies of the government au
; i By Congress have refused to vote for dole
•> .1 Kansas constitute sal convention, and
nt; . .•ti Is Ith .* question of slavery submit
tri by . t * t.e y op!**. It is because they have
>.•* Jio - Du- m o. recognize any other
’ > km.
Had the whole Lerompon constitution been sub
i’ • . I 1 • :ie, tl, this vgtuk a
tion w‘o’d-d uibtless lfaVe voted against it, be
u> • . 1: .> iu\ they would thus Lave removed
a 1 mm.ih.-',* 4*ul of the way of their own revolution*
u * - list uri n. They would have done this, not
1: a . •••-ridera ion of the merits of the whole or
. ;. ue L**‘ompton .institution, but simply
\jit- ..;* hey neve ever resisted the authority of the
>\prm.. i auihoriwod by Congress, from whie-h it
emanated.
j* .. s being the qnfortunate 1 urditioa of affairs in
Iht* IViritwry. what was the right as well a* tus
• > I.*y f the law bidn-gpeoele ? Were they silent
ly .5 phrieutW to submit to tlie Topeka uranm
iio:*,o edopt the neoes try measures to estaiisu a
, 1. io:* und-; .* h*‘.hori'y of tlie organic law
of Congress ? *
That tho law ret gniced the .right ci the people
o o Territory, without any pnabiiug act frem
U 4"; - to form a State constitution, is too clear
v 1 Kir Congress “toleave tlie people
ill* Territory f ofiy fcee,” in framing their
0 ior •*: so: :-i ar.a iegula> their domestic
. -fto*. in their own way, subject only to the
tv* at* icf the United States,” ud then to say
. they rii *.*: si. *t * -permitted to proceed ami
a*- itu’i. nin titefr gw*j way without an
v - 99 n Ip al
l - ;iO . ; .on in terms. It would be much
• * .visible-to contend that Congress had no
\t *iopa > such an enabling tut, tfie.n to argue
t e triple of a Territory might be kept out of
• . Union !• r aa indefinite period, and until it might
li'engrv.--? to permit them to exercise the right
> : ; rev. timer.? TV:= would be to adopt not
• w:; way. I 'but rite way which Congress
it ts i:r. :i.at any poopie could have pra
• i w *. n.-. re re „u‘srtiv in ike formation of a
uioia ti.so the people of Kansas have done.
1: wa.. tirt. to ascertain whether it was
•o; t!. people t.> be relieved from their
1 ■•'. e: i . •:,i-e and establish a State Gov
. v For this purpose the Territorial
mis y ~,,d a law “for taking the sew©
.*v •t’ Territory upon the expediency
~. ;i <• iveiitioi; to form n State Const i:u
•• w *:.e 4,: end , %.^i„ u t c bv held in October,
> ♦ •■*; ‘’ •** Jbe people’ was accordingly
v uuo. they ciev.aevl in favor of a Convention,
i tme at this nW:iu the enemies of the
l i. \ Governtr.< it did not vote, because they
. • :i eirgagt J at lopeka, wUlhmi! the rtight
. : . authority, iu trtmwy & Coa*
• * own : t the purpose j>f subverting
the Territorial (tvtVeniineDf
L , ursuamv of ttiis decision tin* people in favor
a l *. vr * :j. the Territorial Legislature, on the
~ii •*: February, ISoL passed an act for the
* :. est uritgau on the third Monday of Jane,
t Hint*S:„u iv!iiuUtm. This law to as
.1 ... r • tv any 1 hat ever passed, a legto
:y k t a i.-r purpose. The right of
/ : Lis eleoi ion •>• dearly ami jnsthr defined
is'.habitant of the Territory of
.. -• n the third Monday of June, the day oi
* • v \ * w; k 3 citizen of the United States
Ik*\ c the age twenty-one, untThad residedrhere
•r three u: :: * previous lo x\*i date, was eu
<-d u v ce. In order to avoid all interfmaA
ngStat ! :. . s with ti
demand t'drnc-s of the election, provision was
:ur i- r h the re&iatry of the qjidliliod voters : and.
. curaaaacc* thereof, nine tuodSand two hundred
.uu *y uevot"-; were registered. Gov. Walker
;T. hi* V- iio'.e duty te urging all the qualified chi- 1
TOa dectioh. In U
.'.ua. ai ‘ e.-s. o*l ti; ■ ‘ #th May last, he informed
st “under our practice preliminary act
: ..... • a Stale constitution is uniformly per
n; rd throturii the in* t rumen tali ty of a convention
. i,-rCc chosen bv the people themselves. That
tX>” •,, it u j.. c.'W abt*ut to Ik- elected by you uu
■ , <C\ of the Territorial Legislature, created
u r ecc id s< i by the authority of Cos agrees.
Id by It, in (he comprehensive language
. cigauic law, wilii MS pt'wer to make such an
mu The Territoakl Legfelature, thea, in
. : Convention, were fully sustained
> .v . t Congress and the authority of the
j f ’• v ;:■• distinctly ret .vgc:s<*d in my instruc-
President of the United States.”
1 Governor a‘.so dearly and distinctly vans
* ■ -• wou;d be if they should
j ik t partreipate in Hit- election. “The people of
j Kansas. t*:cu. befay*. ‘*are invited by the highest
| ;u*. ‘y kiJ ‘Wii to the Constitution to participate.
ice > aid lairiy, in theeteoiio^of delegate* to dame
iho u*M atioi) and S!ate govermneui. The law h*i
. perfornit-i i: eutirr ropiiate function when it
i extent- to the peipie the right of suffrage but it
cannot compel the performance of that duW.—
Throughout our whole Union, however, andlAer
ever free government prevails, those who abstain
fmm the exercise of the right of suffrage authorise
tho-'e who do vote to act for them in that contin
gency; and the absentees are as much bound, un
der the law* and constitution, where there is no fraud
or violence, by the act of the majority of those who
do vote, an if all iiad participated in ike election.
Otherwise, as voting must be voluntary, self-gov
ernment would be impracticable, and monarchy or
despotism would remain as the only alternative'. ’
Ir may also be observed that ai this period any
hepe, it such had existed, that tbe Topeka ConsM
tutiri; would ever “be recognised by Congress must
have beefi abandoned. Congress had adjourned on
ti;<- 3d March previous, having recognised the legal
existence of the Territorial Legislature in a variety
of forms which. I need not enumerate. Indeed, the
delegate electsid to the House of Representatives,
under a Territorial iaw, lad been admitted to his
seat, and had just completed his term of service ou
the day previous to my inauguration.
Th’s was the propitious moment for se'.tling all
difßcuftiee in Kansas. This was the time for aban
doning the revolutionary Topeka organisation, and
for the enemies of the exictiDg government to con
form to the laws, and to unite with its friends in
framing a State constitution. But this they
to do, aud the consequences of their refusal to sub
mit to lawful authority and vote at the election of
delegates may yet prove to be of a most deplorable
character. Would that the respect for the laws of
the land which so eminently distinguished the men
of the past generation could be revived! It is a
disregard and violation of law which have for years
kept the Territory of Kansas in a state of almost
open rebellion against its government. It is tbe
same spirit which has produced actual rebellion in
Utah. Our only safety consists in obedience and
conformity to law. Should a general spirit against
its enforcement prevail, this will prove fatal to us
as a nation. We acknowledge no master but the
law. and should we cut looeefrom its restraints, and
every one do what eeemeth good in his own eyes
our case will indeed be hopeless.
The enemies of tbe Territorial Government de
termined still to resist the authority of Congress.—
They refused to vote for delegates to the Conven
tion, not because, from circumstances which I need
not detail, there was an omission to register the
comparatively few voters who were inhabitants of
certain counties of Kansas in the early spring of
1857, but because they had predetermines at all
hazards to adhere to their revolutionary organiza
tion, and defeat the establishment of any other con
stitution than that which they had fromed at Tope
ka The election was therefore suffered to pass by
default; but of this result the qualified electors who
refused to vote can never justly complain.
Fro n this review it is manifest that the Lecomp
ton Convention, according to every principle of
constitutional law, was legally constituted and was
invested with power to frame a constitution.
The saored principle of popular sovere gnty has
been invoked in favor of the enemies of law and or
der in Kansas. But in what manner is popular sov
ereignty to be exercised in this country, if not
through the instrumentality ot ea’abliaheci law ? In
certain small republics of ancient times the people
did assemble in primary meetings, passed laws, and
directed public affairs. In our country this is mani
festly impossible. Popular sovereignty can be ex
ecised here only through the ballot-box; and if the
people will refuse to exercise it in this manner, as
they have done in Kansas at the election of dele
gates, it is not for them to complain that their rights
have violated.
The Kansas Convention, thus lawfully constitu
ted, proceeded to frame a constitution, and, having
completed their work, finally adjourned on the 7th
day of November last. They did not think proper
to submit the whole of this constitution to a popular
vote ; but they did submit the question whether
Kansas should be a tree or a slave State to the peo
ple. This was the question which had convulsed
the Union and shaken it to its very centre. This
was the question which had lighted up the flames of
civil war in Kansas, and bad produced dangerous
sectional parties throughout the confederacy. It
was of a character so paramount in respect to the
condition of Kansas as to rivet the anxious attention
of the people of the whole country upon it, and it
alone. No person thought of any other question.
For my own part, when I instructed Gov. Walker,
in general terms, in favor of submitting the consti
tution to the people, I had no object in view except
tine all absorbing question of slavery. Iu what
manner the people of Kansas might regulate their
other concernrt was not a aubjeot which attracted
any attention. In fact, tlie general provision of
Our re<rent State constitutions after an experience
of eighty years, are so similar and so excellent that
it would be difficult to go far wrong at tlie present
day in framing anew constitution.
t tluui believed, and still believe, that, under Ihe
organic act, the Kansas Convention were bound to
submit this all-important question of slavery to the
people. It was never, however, my opinion, that
independently of this act, they would have been
bound to submil any portion of the constitution to
u popular vote in order to give it validity. Had 1
entertained such an opinion, this would have been
in opposition to luany precedents in our histofy,
commencing in the ve*y best ageol the Republic.—
It would have been in opposition to the principle
which pervades our institutions, and which jn every
day carried out into practice, that the people have
the right to delegate to represents’ives, chosen by
themselves, their sovereign power lo frame const*
lotions, enact laws, and perform many other impor
tant acts, without requiring that these should be
subjected to their subsequent approbation. Ii would
be a most inconvenient limitation of their ownpow
er, imposed by the people upon themselves, to ex
clude them from exercising t heir sovereignty in any
lawful manner they think proper. It is true that
the people of Kansas might, if they had pleased,
have required the Convention to submit the consti
tution to a popular vote ; but this they have not
done. The only remedy, therefore, pi this case, is
that which exists iu ail other similar cases. If the
delegates who framed the Kansa* constitution have
in any manner violated the will of their constitu
ents. the people always possess the power to change
their oonstitqtion or their l&wu, according to then
own pleasure.
The question of slavery was submitted to an elec
tion of the people of Kansas on the 21st December
last, in obeaience to the mandate of the constitution.
Here, again, a fair opportunity was presented to
the adherents of the Topeka constitution, if they
were tlie majority, to decide this exciting question
“ in their own way,” and thus restore peace to the
attracted Territory ; but they again refused to ex
ercise ti.oir r of popular sovereignty, and again
suffered the election pass by default.
I heartily rejoice thafawiaei Eiid better spirit
prevailed among a large maj rity of lliese people on
the first Monday in January; and that they uid, on
that day, vole under the Lecompten constitution
f*,r e Governcr and other State officers, a member
of Congress, and for members of the Legislature.—
Tl*is election was warmly contested by the parties
and a larger vote was polled than at any previous
election in the Territory. We may now reasonably
hope that the revolutionary Topeka organization
will be speedily and finally abandoned, and this
will go far towards the final settlement of the unhap
py differences in Kansas, if frauds have been com
imtted at this election, either by one or both par
ties, the Legislature and the people of Kansas, un
der their Constitution, will know how to redress
themselves and punish these detestable but too
common crimes without any outside inters. rence.
The people of Kansas have, then, “in their own
yay, and iu strict accordance with the organic act,
framed a Constitution and State Government; have
submitted the all-hnporl&sit question of slavery to
the people, and have elected a Governor, u ~ezi
ber to represent them iu Congress, members of the
State Legislature, and other State officers They
now ask acmission into the Union under this Con
ctitution, whicli is republican fn its form. It is for
Congress io decide whether they will admit or reject
the State which hay thus been created.
For ray own part I am decidedly in favor of its
admission, and thus terminating the Kansas ques
tion. This will Curry out the great principle of non
intervention recognised and by the or
ganic act, which declares in express language In
favor of “non-intervention by Congress with slave
ry in the States or Territories,” leaving “the people
thereof perfectly free to form and regulate their
domestic insti'utions in their own way, subject 011-
iy to the Constitution of the United States.’ In this
manner, by L caii. ing the question of slavery, and
confining it to 1 lie people whom it immediately con
cerned, every patriot anxiously that this
question would be banished from the halls ot Con
gress, where it has always exerted a baleful in
fiuence throughout the whole country.
It is proper that I should briefly refer to the elec
tion held under an act of the Territorial Legislature,
on the first Monday of January last, on the Lecomp
ton constitution. This election was held after the
Territory had been prepared tor aduiissipn intq the
Union as a sovereign Siate, and when no autuori
ty existed iu the Territorial Legislature which could
possibly destroy iu existence or change its charac
ter. The election, which was peaceably conducted
under my instructions, involved a strange inconsis
tency. A largo majority of the persons who voted
agamst the Lecomptou constitution were at the very
same Liuw ti;d plat e recognising its valid existence
in the most soleir.uand at thenti*- manner by voting
under ts provisions. I have yet received no offi
cial information of the result of this election.
Asa question of expediency, after tbe right has
been maintained, it may be wise to reflect upon the
benefits to Kansas and to tlie whole country which
would result from its immediate admission into the
Union as well as the which may follow its
rejtctiou Domestic peace will be the happy *.o*.s£
qut-nce of its admission, and that tine Territory,
which has hitherto been torn by dissensions, will
rapidly increase in population aud wealth, and
sp'eeclHy realise the blessings and the comforts
which follow in the Lain of agricultural and me
chanical industry. The people will tben be sove
reign. and can regulate their own affairs in then
own wuy. If a majority of them desire to abolish
domestic slavery within the State there is no other
possible mode by which this caq be effected so
speedily as by prompt admission. The will of the
majority is supreme and irresistible when expressed
iu an orderly and lawful manner. They can make
and unmake constitutions at pleasure. It would be
absurd to say that they i-.an impose fetters upon
their own power which they cannot atterwards re
move. If they could do this they might tie their
own hands for a hundred as well as for teu years.
These are fundamental principles of American free
dom, and are recognised, I believe, in some form
or other by every State constitution ; and if
Congress, in the &vi of admission, should think :
proper to recognise them 1 can perceive no objec
tion to such a course.
Thi - has been done emphatically in the constitu
tion of Kansas. It declares in the bill of right* that
“all political piwer is inherent in the people, aud
all free governments are founded on their authority
and instituted for their benetii. and therefore they
have at all times au inalienable and indefeasible
right to alter, reform, or abolish their form of gov
ernment in such maimer as they may think proper.” 1
The great State of 2f ew York is at this moment gov
erned under a constitution trained and established
in direct opposition to the inode prescribed by the
previous constitution. If therefore, the provision
i hanging the Kansas constitution, after the year one
thousand eight hundred and sixty-four, could by pos
sibility be construed into a prohibition to make £uch
a change previous to that period, this prohibition
would be wboily unavailing. The Legislature al
ready elected may. at its very first session, submit
the; question to a vote of the people whether they
W 1“ or w .i-! mt have a convention to amend their
coi'.-tUuUi.n **nd adopt all necessary means for giv
ing effect to tile DOpular Will.
y fwomnly adjudged by the highest ju
;s f s Kansas My virtue cf the Constitiition of the
L"nited K.au?as i#, there Core, at mo
meet as much a e Jfye State a> Gt-crgia or South
Larolma. ithout thw the equality of the sovereign
Mate* composing the l mou would be violated, and
tho us-, and enjoyment of a territory acquired by the
common treasure of all the States would be closed
against the people and the property of nearly half
the members of the Confederacy. * Slavery can
therefore, never be prohibited in Kansas except by
mean* of a oocstitutional provision and in no other
manner can tn?s be obtained so promptly, if a ma
jority of the people desire it, as by admitting it into
the Union under its present constitution. o a the
other hand, should Congress reject the constitution,
under the idea of affording the disaffected in Kan
sas a third opportunity of prohibiting slavery in the
State, which they might have done twice before if
in the majority, no man can foretell the consequen
ces.
If Congress, for the sake of those men who re
tused to vote for delegates to the Convention when
they mgfet have excluded slavery from the consti
tution, and who aiterwards refused to vote on the
■Jlat December last, when they might, as they claim,
have stricken slavery from the constitution, should
now reject the State because slavery remains in the
constitution, it is nAuifest that the agitation upon
this dangerous subject will be renewed in a more
alarming form than it has ever yet assumed.
Every patriot in the country bad indulged the
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY,MORNING, FEBRUARY 10, 1858.
nope that the Kansas aud Nebraska act w'ould put a
final end to the slavery agitation, at least in Con
gress, which had tor more than twenty years con
vulsed the country and endangered the Union. This
act involved great aud fundamental prnciples, ai>d
if fairly carried into effect will settle the question.
Should tbe agitation be again revived, should tue
people of tbe sister States be again estranged from
each rrther with more than their former bitterness,
this will arise from a cause, eo far as the interests of
Kansas are cencemed, more trifling than ineignifi
cant has than ever stirred the elements of a great
people into commotion. To the people of Kansas the
oniy practical difference between admission or re
jection depends simply upon the fact whether they
can themselves more speedily change the present
constitution it it does not accord witfi the will of the
majority, or frame a second constitution to be sub
initted to Congreflß hereafter. Even if this were a
question of mere expediency, and not of right, the
small difference of time, one way or the other, is of
not the least importance, when contrasted with the
evils which must necessarily result to the whole
country from a revival of slavery agitation.
In considering this question, it should never be
forgotten, that in proportion to its insignificance,
let the decision be what it may, so far as it may af
fect the few thousand inhabitants of Kansas who
have from tlie beginning resisted the constitution
and the laws, for this very reason the rejection of
the constitution will be so much more keenly felt
by the people of fourteen of the States of this Union,
where slavery is recognised under the constitution
of the United States.
Again : The speedy admission of Kansas into
the Union would restore peace and quiet to the
whole country. Already the affairs of this Territo
ry have engrossed an undue proportion of public
attention. They have sadly affected the friendly
relations of the people of the States with each other,
and alarmed the tears of patriots for the safety of
the Union. Kansas once admitted into the Union
the excitement becomes localized, and will soon die
away for want of outside aliment. Then every dif
ficulty will be settled at the ballot-box.
Besides, and this is no trifling consideration, I
shall then be enabled to withdraw the troops of the
United States from Kansas, and employ them on
branches of service where they are much needed.—
They have been kept there, 011 the earnest impor
tunity of Gov. Walker, to maintain the existence
of the Territorial Government and secure the execu
tion of the laws. He considered that at least two
thousand regular troops, under the command of
Gen. Harney, were necessary for this purpose. Act
ing upon his reliable information, I have been
obliged, in some degree, to interfere with the expe
dition to Utah, in order to keep down rebellion in
Kansas. This has involved a very heavy expense
to the Government. Kansas once admitted it is be
lieved there will no longer be any occasion there
for troops of the United States.
I have thus performed my duty on this important
question, under a deep sense of responsibility to
God and my country. Mv public life will terminate
within a brief period ; and I have no other object of
earthly ambition than to leave my country in a
peaceful and prosperous condition, to live in the
affections and respect of my countrymen. Tbe
dark and ominous clouds which now appear to be
impending over the Union I conscientiously believe
may be dissipated with honor to eveiy portion of it,
by the admission of Kansas during the present session
of Congress ; whereas, if she should be rejected, I
greatly fear these clouds will become darker and
more ominous than any which have ever yet
threatened the Constitution and the Union.
James Buchanan.
Washington, February 2, 185§.
Washington Ite>.s.— lt is stated that the Hons.
James B. Clay, of Kentucky, John B. Haskiu of
New York, and William L. Dewart of Pennsylva
nia, after a consultation of Democratic members,
were selected as a committee to wait upon the Pre
sident, and inform him that the Northern Demo
crats, with a few exceptions, are opposed to the ad
mission of Kansas into the Union, as a State, under
the Lecompton Constitution. It is said that 26
Auti-Lecompton Democrats in the House have con
ferred together aud that the result is considered ex
tremely doubtful by the friends of the Administra
tion, who regard tbe chances as adverse to them.—
Mr. MeKibbm, of California, is among them. Anoth
er authority, however, asserts that the entire anti-
Nebraska force 01 Northern Democrats thus dwin
dles down to five from Illinois, two from Pennsylva
nia, aud possibly six from Ohio, thirteen iu all. Mr.
Orr’s absolute majority in a full House was 11. His
plurality over the Republicans was 43. A change
of thirteen Democrats to the Republican side would
leave a regular Democratic majority for I ecomp
ton of thirteen. Again, Mr. Orr had 128 votes, from
whice 13 subtracted would leave 115. This latter
number is an absolute majority of all the members
that have ever been in the Ilojse at one time this
session. There are two permanent vacancies from
absence and illness, aud they will be increased. It
is not likely that over two hundred and twenty-five
votes will be cast during the Congress on any ques
tion, so that allowing all the Southern Americans to
go against Lecompton, aud only one of them will
do so, the majoriry for it ip the House is certainly
five, und more probably twenty-Jive.
On a direct vote in tbe Senate on the Kansas
question, the Tribune correspondent thinks that the
following division would occur:
lor Jfcomplqn. —Allen, Bayard ? Benjamin,
Diggs, Bigler. Bright, Brown, Clay, Davis, Evans,
Fitch,'Fitzpatrick, Green, Gwin, Haiptnqnd, Hun
ter, Iverson, Johnson, Tenn., Johnson, Ark., Jones,
Mallory, Mason, Polk, Read, Sebastian, Slidell,
Thompson, Toombs, Wright, Yulee.—Total, 30 De
mocrats.
Apoin*l Lecompton — Bell. Broderick, Came
ron, Chandler, Clark, Collamer, Crittenden , Dixon,
Doolittle, Douglas, Dorkee, Fessenden, Foot, Fos
ter, Hale, Hamlin, Harlan, Houston , King, Seward,
Simmons, Stuart, Sumuer, Thomson , Trumbull,
Wade, Wilson—Total, 27 Opposition.
Doubtful.— Pearoe, Pugh, Kennedy— Total, 3
Os the four Americans named in opposition, Mr.
Thompson hss not declared himself positively, but
his position is indicated. Bell, Crittenden and Hous
ton are emphatic. Mr. pugh has yet to disclose his
iptpption ofearly in regard to obeying mstfuctiong,
and will aim at a compromise upon the basis us ac
cepting Lecompton, with a condition of submitting
the slavery question. What will he do when that
fails, may be coifiectured but cannot be asserted.
Mr. Pearce is undecided, finding opinion at home
much divided. His deposition is conservative, aud
he will consult with that interest in tlie South be
fore finally making up his judgment. Mr. Kenne
dy is now inclined to vote for Lecompton, but is
anxious to act with his political friends, aud may do
so eventually, though hard pressed by the South.
By other correspondents it is claimed that Messrs.
Beil and Johnson, of Tennessee, Houston, of Tex
as, Kennedy of Maryland, and Crittenden, of Ken
tuck, will certainly vote against the Lecompton
Constitution.
It is now positively asserted that there is no truth
in the statement that the Nicaragua treaty has been
rejected by the government of Martinez. There
has not yet been an opporiunity to submit it to the
legislative branch, and hence the delay that hgs oc
curred in the ratification of the instrument. The
only opposition to the arrangement in Nicaragua
arises from the hostility ot American intriguer#
against the cpmpany whose privileges it guarantees.
The following are the of customs at va
rious ports, during January, 1858 i
New-York to*2oth $1,064,296
Boston to 23d 220,975
Philadelphia to 23d 103,179
Baltimore “ 39,000
Charleston “ 13,000
New-Orleans to 18th 107,000
$1,547,450
Estimate for fouim week 375,000
Total for tbemonth $1,932,450
This represents an aggregate of about $20,000,000
a year, because January is usually a heavy month.
But trade is manifestly reviving, and it is hoped that
the receipts duri. g the remainder of the fiscal year
vill avpr&ge $3,000,000 per month. With the past
receipt* this estimate will bring the totrd for the
year up to $43,000,000, and will leave a deficiency
to be provided for by leans or Treasury notes on
only 2b or 40 millions of dollars.
The Collin's Line.—The American public
learn with regret that this line of steamers will pro
bably soon cease to exist. The Journal of Com
merce say 8:
There haye been various rumors current in this
city, tor several days, in i*pgapd to tjie Company
owning these American steamships, all'pointing to
ward the final breaking up of the Line. It appears
that the United States Government has declined to
entertain any negotiations for a renewal of the mail
contract which expires in June, and that an officer
in the service of the Company went out in the Bal
tic on the lfithult., to see what could be done toward
effecting a sale of thfc vessels in Europe. Report
eays that the loeea of the Company have used up
their available means; and that their bankers,
Messrs. Brown Brothers fc Cos., have declined to
make farther advances without additional security.
The country has felt a just pride in the former
achievements of the steamers engaged in this line,
aud although there has been less good fortune of late,
there is still a strong desire manifested to have the
jervice continued. Os course, no one ought to ex
pect the genUenjen owning these vessels to run
them at the expense of their own interests, and if
the experiment has failed, after ah the assistance
which Government has rendered, we do not see how
the succession is to be continued. Perhaps if the
case were fairly placed before the country, some
pian cf help migl-t be devised upon which a mtyori
ty coula be uniteo.
A prize of one thousand francs was some time
since assigued by the French Academy to a me
moir of Drs. Bibra and Ghoist, of Nuremberg, on
the dangers connected with certain manufactures
in which prosphoric matters are employed. It is
found that the art of preparing phosphoric matches,
which has been so widely diffused, has become the
source of disease of the maxillary bones, both the
upper and the lower, which effects a considerable
portion of the persons employed in that manufac
ture. When it does not threaten life, it occasions
the lose of the affected bone. This singular effect of
phosphoric emanations was first observed in Ger
many. and it is a curious circumstance that females
are more subject to it than men, and young women
than those advanced in age. The explanation of
this disease is, that the phosphate of liine as it exists
in the bones is insoluble in water, but by tire arrival
of an additional quantity of phosphoric acid, which
being present in the air is absorbed, and penetrates
into the bones, the basL phosphate of the bones js
converted into an acid phosphate, which is very
soluble in water, and even deliquescent in the air.
In this way the bone loses its consistency, becomes
intl&med, suppurates, and falls into a state of ne
crosis.
CflAfU eston Races —Thursday, February 4.
First Race—Jockey Club Purse, s7o0 —Three Mil:
Heals.
R. 11. Dickinson's b. h. Tar River, 4 years old, by
Nicholas, dam by Simon 1 1
James Talley s c. h. Sbockoe. 4 years old, by
Tally-ho. dam by Betsy White-..- 2 2
P. C Bosh’s b. g Agitator, 6 years old, by
Cliilde Harold, dam by Priam dist.
Time: o£4; 5.575.
Second Race—South Carolina Stakes for 3 year
old*—Mile Heals.
John Cantey’s eli. c. John Linton, by Eutaw Shark,
out of Jeannette Berkeley - 1
Tims. Puryear’s ch. c. , by imp. Glencoe,
out of the dam of Garrett Davis ruled out.
Sudden Death. —A stranger, by the name of Mr.
H. L Bandy, arrived at the Carolina Hotel on Fri
day night last, lie ea; supper and took rooms with
another gentleman, who left on Saturday morning.
Nothing unusual was observed in the appearance of
Mr B throughout the day on Saturday. He was
called to breakfast and to dinner, but he told the
servant that he did not wish to be called. He was
found dead in his bed at tea time, and to all appear
ances had died as in sleep, and when found was like
a corpse laid out. Not a line could be found to tell
of his friends or where he was from. He registered
nis name from Florida—told someone he was from
near Tampa Bay. Nothing further can be. ascer
tained of him. Coroner Hartsfield held an iiupieet
on the body, but we have not learned the verdict of
the jury.— Wilmington herald , 1 stinst.
A King Sueing for a Debt. —A novel case has
just been decided in the Superior Court of N*-w
York, in which Maxmilian, King of Bavaria, was
plaintiff, and Jacob Newstradter, defendant. The
suit was brought to recover 30,000 florins alleged to
have been advanced by his majesty, the King of
Bavaria, to the defendant, who was formerly a silk
manufacturer and one ot his subjects in Baride. in
the Kingdom of Bavaria. The money was lent in
October, 1848. in State stocks, the defendant giving
a mortgage and agreeing to pay the money back in
four annual instalment-. There was no defence,
and an inquest was taken in favor of the royal
plaintiff for the sum of $15,788 81
From the Calcutta h'tter of the Daily Nitrs.
The Indian Mutiny—The OpcmiioiiM nt Lurk
now and C’nwnpore.
“In my last letter I described the successful relief
of the latter place, and the glorious interview be
tween Sir Colin Campbell and Havelock This oc
curred on the 17fh November. On the 18th, 19tb,
aud 20th our guns were in firing at and
shelling tlie palace, preparatory, it was supposed,
to an attack on the city, in wh’ch the enemy still
clustered in swarms. But it was soon tound that,
although Sir Colin had a sufficient force, perhaps, to
execute this manoeuvre with success, yet, in attempt
ing it, he must lose an enormous proportion of his
army, and, probably, be unable to escort the ladies
and wounded to Cawnpore. Every consideration
gave way to this moet paramount one. It proved
lortunate that it was so, as he only returned just in
time to maintain his communications with Cawn
pore, and to save that place from a second cap ure.
It was by no means an easy matter to move the
ladies out of the place in which they had so long
borne up against privations and danger with more
than heroic fortitude. The palace was not taken,
aud tbe enemy were still pouring in a musketry
tire from all directions. One of their guns, firing
round shot, proved very troublesome and could not
be silenced ; it lay in a hollow on the ground, with
out its carriage, behind a number of mud walls, un
der cover of which tbe rebels still crouched. How
ever, the operation commenced on the 21 et was
completed on the 22d, and on the evening of that
day the force retired by the same route by which
they had advanced upon Dill Kcosha, the bunting
park mentioned in my last letter as one of the first
places captured by Bir Colin in bis advance. The
rear guara was formed by the Lucknow defenders,
under the command of Gen. Outrfim. On tbe 24th,
without being m the slightest degree molested, the
force retired on Alumbagh, whence the road to
Cawnpore was open.
The Events ok Cawnpore. —On the 27th of
November Sir Colin set out from Alumbagh, cn his
return to Cawnpore, leaving Sir James Outram
with a thousand men to hold the former place. The
line of march, including, besides the troops, ladies,
wounded, and camp followers, exten led over
eight miles, and the rear guard never came
up till the following morning. 011 the 27th they
marched fourteen miles, and on the 28th th*y left
their ground at 7 A. M , marchedtwelve hours—
thirty miles—without intermission. The troops,
tired and hungry, were delighted at the approach of
food and rest; but many got none Sir Colin Campbell
had heard heavy firing m the direction of Cawnpore,
aud ordered the artillery and cavalry to push on
without delay. A message too had reached him to
the effect that the Gwalior troops had attacked the
placa Before chronicling the results of Sir Colin's
movement, it may be as well to relate the events
which had occurred at Cawnpore in his absence.
Cawnpore had been left under the command of
General Windham, the hero of the Redan. lie had
with him about 3,000 men, consisting of portions of
the 34th, G4th, 82d and 88th regiments, besides ar
tillery. It is said that his orders from Sir Colin were
on no account to risk an engagement. However
that may be, he heard on the 20th that the Gwalior
rebels were advancing on Cawnpore. On the 25th
information reached him that the advanced guard
had arrived at Pandoo Nuddy, about 8 miles from
Cawnpore. These were not the Gwalior troops,
they were Koor Sindh’s rabble, who having been
beaten out of Bekar m August by Vincent Eyre, had
since joined the Gwalior disciplined troops, and had
came on as their advanced guard. Windham,
thinking they were the Gwalior troops, went out on
the 26th to attack them, and after a contest of an
hour and a half s duration, beat them. He thought,
most probably, that this defeat must so disorganize
the rebels that they would no more make head
against us.
At all events, all accounts agree in stating that
no precautions whatever were taken against sur
prise, that our standing camp remained as though
we were in a peaceful cantonment, and that 110
attack was anticipated for a moment. But the
Gwalior men were rather enraged than diseommfiU
ed. They had sent forward Koor Singh’s rabble as
a “feeler,” both to deceive Windham aud to mask
their own movements. They were very nearly be
ing successful. Finding, from Windham's attack
on Koo Singh, that ho was praparedto expect them
on the east side of Cawnpore, they moved rapidly
on to the Delhi road, making a circuit, and then,
on the morning of the 27th, marched on the station
from the westward. Instead, however, of attack
ing with promptitude, 4hey contented themselves
with assuming a threatening attitude atNawabuuge
a suburb two miles distant from Windham’s stand
ing camp. This enabled the latter to make prepara
tions.
Windham’s Attack and Discomfiture.— “He
ordered out the troops, and, marching at the head
of more Europeans than the lamented Havelock
had ever under his command, went down confident
of success to attack tlie rebels. Our troops, ac
customed to be led to victory, went on with their
usual dash, the 64tli, one of Havelock’s victorious
regiments, leading. They charged a battery in the
left centre of the euemy’s line, and gained it, the
enemy yielding to them at exeryatep. By advanc
ing the other regiments to support tlie 61th, the vie
tory would have been assured ; but they were left
alone, and tlie enemy closing on them with their
left wing, they suffered severely ; they were com
pelled to abandon the guns they had gained. The
want of a General was eveiy where conspicuous;
confusion reigned on all sid%s ; no distinct orders
were issued, ana our troops had Lo beat a hasty, if
may b called a disgraceful retreat into the entrench
ments, leaving standing camp, stores, camp equi
page, and the cut ire station of Cawnpore to tlie
west of tlie Canal in the hands of the enemy.
Our loss was proportionately heavy, and several
of our men, and even some officers, fell alive into
the bands of tbe enemy. It was stated in private
letters that one of these was forthwith hanged, and
a second beaten to death with shoes, ai.d a third
tied to a cart wheel, which in a few successive rev
olutions crushed him to death. Our camp and
stores they burned, aud that same evening advanc
ing close to our entrenchments, they took posses
sion of aud burned the whole of the cold weather
clothing fqr our men, which had been stored up at
Cawnpore. Qll tlie following day, the rebels at
tacked the entrenchment commencing with a very
heavy cannonade from the right and left of their
line. Windham attempted a sortie, in which, after
some very hard fighting, the Ii ties managed io cap
turetwo guns, but our right were driven back with
much loss. It was the sound of the firing on this
day which reached the ears of Sir Colin Campbell;
a messenger at tbe same time arrived with accounts
1 of the critical state of Windham’s party. Had the
! rebels at this time cut the bridge of boats, which
affords the only means of communication with Oude,
Sir Colin Campbell would have found it a difficult
matter to cross the Gauges; but the rebels, not ex
pecting his return, aud making sure of Windham’s
; force, were probably anxious to avail themselves of
| the bridge of boats to crush Sir Colin Camobell At
all eyents they let it remain, and by so doing were
; lost.
j Double Defeat ok the Enemy.— “ The move
ments of the favorite lieutenant of Sir Charles Na
; pier were too prompt for them. With his artillery
aud oavalry he marched thirty-eight miles in fifteen
hours, crossed the Ganges by the bridge of boats
on the night of the 28th, on the next day fell upon
the rebels, drove them back in a way which made
the troops feei that they once more had a general at
their heatl, into the town, and then returned to es
cort the ladies and wounded across the river. Al
though harrassed in this operation by the rebels,
who poured in a desultory fire from the town, and
threatened on the left bank by the Oude insurgents,
he in the space of two days successfully effected
this very delicate operation. He did not at once
attack the enemy. Commanding from the entrench
ment the head of the road to Allahabad, he made
arrangements for a safe escort for the ladies, sick,
and wound, and as far as that station, remaining
meanwhile on the defensive. On the morning of
the 6th, the last wounded man having left the en
trenchment, he turned his attention to the rebels,
and at 11 o’clock moved out to attack them.
“ No details of the action have yet been received
in Calcutta, but it is known that the enemy were
totally and completely They lost im
mense quantities of stores, grain, bullocks, aud bag
gage, sixteen guns, and their camp. They were
pursued that day for fourteen miles along the road
to Kalpee, in a southwesterly direction. The Chief
then returned to Cawnpore, leaving Brigadier Hope
Grant to follow up his success. This officer contin
ued to follow them up, but the rebels, making a sud
den detour, left the Kalpee road, aud endeavored to
cross the Ganges into Oude. They reached Joorag
ghat, 22 miles in the direct road from Cawnpore, bat
much longer by the route they had taken. Here
they procured boats, and were about to cross over
their remaining guns, when our pursuing force ap
peared upon their rear. It was Brigadier Grant.
He at once attacked them with great spirit, and
after half an hour’s cannonading took fifteen guns,
large quantities of ammunition and stores, without
losing a single man himself. The brigadier alone
was slightly grounded. TUe to the latest intelli
gence.
A correspondent of the London Times ha3 for
warded to that journal the following extract from a
letter received by him from his son, who superin
tends the commisißariat at Delhi, dated December
Ist:
“We are about to start an immense convoy, col
lected here and by the commissary at Meerut, so
the force at Cawnpore. We have conjointly as
sembled 100 elephants, 2,000 camels, and 20,000
bullocks, a nice collection of aDim&ls to escort safely
with all their attendants, nearly 10,000 men, uow'ii
the road 250 miles to Cawnpore, with Futteghur on
ly 20 miles to the left of that road, and Calpee to the
right, both held by a strong force of the rebels We
can only afford, as an escort for this string of ani
reals., which will occupy nearly ten miles of road,
one European regiment, reduced or weak in num
bers ; one troop of horse artillery, a squadron of
carbineer©, and a corps of Sikh cavalry. It to a
curious and a credible thing that, unaided from
home, we have not only taken Delhi, but have al
ready sent 2,000 men from here to the commander
in-chief, and are still able to send him nearly 2,000
more.”
Oude.—A report had reached Calcutta—from a
reliable source—that as soon as M&uns Sings’ adhe
sion to the insurgent* cause in Oude became
known, all the small talookdars who had hitherto
stood aloot hastened to make the best terms they
could themselves with the rebels. It is stated that
with a view to make their accession the more ac
ceptable, such of them as had previously concealed
and protected European fugitives delivered them
up to the enemy, and that ah our unfortunate coun
trymen and creuntrywomen thus surrendered have
been butchered. _
The Lecompton Constitution at Washing
ton.—The Washington Union makes the following
announcement. Kansas will be the absorbing ques
tion before Congress this week, as it is understood
that the Constitution will be immediately sent in
by the President witn a message enforcing its adop
tion :
General Clarkßon arrived in this city last evening
from Kansas Territory with the Lecompton Consti
tution, whicn, being addressed to the President, waa
immediately placed in his possession.
General Clarkson informs ue that the vote of the
Delaware Crossing precinct had been returned to
the commissioner for Leavenworth county, and was
in hia possession at the time the returns were
opened and counted in presence of the Speaker of
the House, President orthe Senate, and Governor,
and that it amounts to something over three hun
dred votes. This gives the Democrats a majority in
Leavenworth county, and consequently a majority
in both branches of the Legislature.
We are also informed that the free-State vote,
said to have been rejected by General Calhoun be
cause it was re urned to Gov. Denver, had not been
returned at t he time the aforesaid opening and count
ing took place. It was cast at the free-Sta e poito
held, under authority of the territorial Legislature,
for a vote on the Constitution, and that alone, and
was not returned even to the Govern :>r until the
next day after the counting, but before the publics
tion of t-ne result by the Speaker and President, and
was embraced by them in their aggregate. Hence
it is claimed that all the free State officers have been
elected.
General Calhoun will be here in a few days, when
Le will doubtless furnish complete returns
Troubles in Montevideo. —Advices from Mon
tevideo to the 18th of November state that remark
able events Lad taken place there. President
dissolved Congress by force, and banished without
trial, twenty persons belonging to the opposition.
The House of Representatives waa invaded by a
force of two honored men and two pieces of artille
ry, and the members were ordered to close their
session. The clause of these disturbances was the
treaty of commerce and limits with Brazil, which
government desired should be approved. The Ro
sas party promoted the intrigue i>y supporting gov
ernment. After this, and just when a revolution
waa expected, G*n. Dob Manuel Oribe, of lamenta
ble cehbrity as chief of the famous siege of Monte
video, and worthy lieutenant of Rosas, the Buenos
Ayrean tyrant, died, government being deprived
of that support, has engaged in conference with the
libeial party.—A’ Y. Herald.
From the Cincinnati Gazette of Friday.
Steamboat Disaster*
One of the most fatal steamboat accidents which
has occurred on the Ohio river in a long time, we
are called upon to chronicle this morning. We
give the full particulars as they have been galliered
by our reporters from the surviving passengers. .
About two o'clock yesterday afternoon, the stem
wheel steamer Fanny Fern, Capt. Ben Woodward,
on her way from St. Lcais, when just at th head
of Bosley’s i! ar, above Ninth lfeud, about 16 miles
below this city, burst her middle boiler, with a
most terrific noise. The exploded part was forced
up and forward, carrying with it all but three rooms
in the short cabin, the forward guard, the Texas,
.and the pilot house. The boiler was carried a dis
tance of seventy or eighty yard* from the boat, and
sunk iu the river.
Immediately following the explosion, the cabin
and every part of the boat was filled with steam,
and the wildest confusion ensued, rendering any
thing like system or order utterly impossible. In
the cabin there were twelve male and two female
passengers, and on deck eleven males and three fe
males—2B passengers in all. The survivors repre
sent the crash which followed the first explosion as
terrible and deafening, the upper portion of the
s - earner tailing in one general mass upon the lower
deck, as the underwork was carried* away by the
exploded boiler.
Capt. Woodward was standing upon the star
board guard talking with air. Thompson, the mate,
and was blown by the explosion into the river, and
has not since been seen. He was undoubtedly
drowned. The mate was thrown against the railing,
to which he held on until he recovered from the
concussion, and immediately got out the life boat,
aud made an effort to save the passengers, in which
he was fortunately successful.
The fire f clerk, Alfred J. Rogers, and the second
clerk, Harvey Drum, both of Pittsburg, were in tlie
office over tbe boilers, and both were thrown a dis
tance of about bU yards into the river, and w r ere
picked up by the life boat and.conveyed to the In
diana shore. Mr. Rogers had ’ his face, hands and
feel very severely scalded, and Dr. Fishback, who
attends him at the Broadway Hotel, thinks he is in
jured internally. Mr. Drum was scalded on the
face, hands and arms, but less severely* He is also
at the Broadway.
A lady and chill, whose name is not known, on
her way from Bt. Louis lo some place about 55 mile*
back of Marysville, who came on board at Louis
ville, were drowned. After the boat was in flames,
the mother rushed to the stern of the boat, fastened
the child to her person, and jumped into the river.
She had been deserted by her husband in Missouri,
and had been given a free passage to enable her to
reach her friends. Both mother aud child sunk and
were seen no more.
The chambermaid. Hannah Thomas, from Al
leghany, Pennsylvania, was blown out of the boat
with a part of the cabin, a considerable distance into
tlie air, and was seen to fall into the river, and was
drowned.
A Mr. and Mrs. Murphy, of Pennsylvania, anew
married couple, on their way to their residence,
were both drowned. Mrs. M. was seen upon the
stern of the boat, terribly frightened, aud uncoutrol
able, and finally jumped into the river. Her hus
band who was standing by her side, followed to res
cue her, but in the effort to secure a floating
plank, both sunk to the bottom, locked iu each oth
er’s arms.
Mr. Wilson, a deck passenger, an Englishman,
on his way to Canada, was blown into the river and
drowned.
James Malqy, Miv.heal Donahue, and John ,
all deck hands, are supposed to be drowned, as
nothing has been heard ol them since the explo
sion.
The porter of tlie boat, James Anderson, aged
about twenty-four years, from Xenia is also miss
ing, as is the pantryman, James Javanaugh, from
P ttsburg.
Two firemen, b< th colored, Thomas Walker and
Robert Kiddie, are known to be lost. Walker was
drowned, and Kiddle killed by the explosion.
Ail/)* the persona who are known to be saved from
the wreck, were conveyed to the Indiana shore,
and the train of the Ohio and Mississippi Railroad
coming along soon after, the injured, scalded and
escaped passengers and t rew were conveyed to
this city, and properly cared for. Many of the deck
passengers who, fortunately, were uninjured took
passage last night on board the Hazel Dell, to their
various points of destination. Others remained in
the city, in charge of liiends, or as public eharities.
One of our Reporters visited the Commercial
Hospital last evening, and found therein four of the
passengers of the unfortunate Fanny Fern. The
first was lienry M. Casey, of Philadelphia, where
his wife resides, who was a cabin passenger; scald
ed pretty severely.
John Flynn, on his way from St. Louis to Phila
delphia, a shoemaker by trade, aged about 25 years;
hands and face badly scalded.
William Paul, a cabin passenger on the Fern, a
resident of Canada West, on his way to Cincinnati
from St. Louis, lie was in his state-room, dressing
and in an instant found himself amongst the wreck
and rubbish, lie succeeded in gaining the shore,
badly scalded.
John W. Kerr, a canal boatman from Allegany;
Pa., got on boat a at Louisville to go to Pittsburg;
his friends reside at Braddock’s Field, lie was sit
ting in the cabin when the explosion occurred, talk
iug t.j another gentle-nan. and had jusr remarked
that it. seemed as though the steamer was getting
pretty hot. He is horribly scalded all over tiie
body, head and face, and presents a most painful
appearance. There is barely a possible chance for
him to survive his injuries.
Henry W. Casey was lying on his bert hin the
cabin, on the upper deck, at the time of the explo
sion. In an instant after, he found himself on the
boiler deck, surrounded and partly covered with
the ruins of rho cabin. He managed to extricate
himself, and succeeded in getting into a boat which
conveyed him to the shore. Ho was scalded all
over the body, feet, face and head; his hail’ and
eyebrows were badly burned, and a severe wound
inflicted upon his head.
All of the scalded persons who were conveyed to
the Commercial Hospital, were promptly cared for
by the Superintendent and physicians, and but
one, John W. Kerr, was regarded ae dangerously
scalded.
The explosion of the boiler scattered the U*e from
the furnace, and in a few minutes the boat was in
flames. The passengers who were uninjured, ran
wildly about, and several jumped overboard and
were drowned while others were picked up by the
small boats and conveyed to the shore. Those who
were saved described the scene as one of great con
sternation, the passengers who were not thrown
overboard by the explosion, running about shriek
ing and screaming in the wildest manner.
The steamer headed for the Kentucky shore, af
ter the explosion, and gradually floated down the
river, and at a distance of a mile and a half from
the scene of the catastrophe, burned to the water’s
edge, when the hull sunk within thirty feet of the
land.
A Texas Tragedy. —The Austin State Gazette
says “the following particulars come to us from
Cora, Camanche county: ”
“On the 21st of November, a difficulty occurred
in this county, between Arch Northput and Sam
Homsley, in which Nortbcut was killed. A few days
previous to the rencounter, Northcut had made an
effort to commit an outrage upon Ilomsley's wife.
She succeeded in gott ng away from him unharmed,
save the tearing of her dress, and ran to her bus
band, who was at work in a field about a mile dis
tant. Homsley went to Northcut’s house that even
ing without arms, but failed to see Arch, (he shut
himself up in the house.) His brother, Hagan, pro
mised Homsley that Arch should meet him the next
day and render satisfaction, but he failed to do so,
and the next thing Homsley heard of Arch, he was
well supplied with weapons, and bidding him de
fiance. On the :21st iust., Homsley ana his wife
were passing by Northern's house; Northcut came
out of the house and walked in the direction of
Homsley to a cow lot and stopped, pulling off hi i
coat, which exposed his weapons to fuli view.—
Homsley told his wile to walk on, and he started
towards him. Northcut drew’ out his pistol and held
it in Lis right hand, and hacking on the fence at the
same time with an axe in his left hand. Ilomsley
advanced to within six or seven paces of him, and
told him to lay down his pistol, whereupon each
party made ready to shoot. Homsley’ejeap bursted;
Northcut fired but missed Homsley; the second bar
rel of Homsley's gun fired; and Northcut fell to rise
no more, ten buckshot taking effect.
“Homsley is one of the first settlers of this coun
ty, and never had a difficulty in his life before.”
Effect of the Panic on the Trade of the U.
States. —A merchanti.e, agency in New York has
recently issued a circular in regard to the business
of the United States, the numb t of and losses by
failures, Sec., which presents some curious results—
of course only approximative. The circular states
that the number of firms in the United States (Cali
fornia excepted) by its records—and they embrace
all but a class of small retailers in the larger cities—
i3 204,061; or, estimating the population at 25,000,-
000, that there is a store for every 123 of our inhab
itants, or to every 25 families. There has been lost
by 337 swindling and absconding debtors, $5,222,-
500, and by 512 firms which will pay nothing, the.r
losses and confidential debts absorbing evei ything,
$20,309,000. There are 3,83‘J concerns owing $197,-
080,500, and they are such cases as usually average
40 to 50 cents and there are 435 houses owing $77,-
189,000, which will pay m full if the times ahead
prove to be ordinarily prosperous.
The total amount of the liabiii iea of the 5,120 failures is
put down at 8^99^01,000
But there will be realized from
those who will pay in fail 677,189,000
And on the amount of “ordinary’’
failures, 5J97,0e0,0U0, at 40
cents 7- SJ i,OOO
Leaving final loss of. $113,789,000
If the country storekeepers’ general debt is, as
hereinbefore estimated, £2, 282,000,000, it would be
fair to infer that ordinarily the year’s business would
amount to ail of double that sum, or $4,564,000,000.
From this we would deduct for light trade last spring,
and the injury to sales this fall, 10 per cent., which
wcuild make the business for 1857, with the country
merchant, amount to $2,738,400,000 . and as the
losses for the year by this trade were $41,838,000,
the percentage is about one and a half.
The Paris correspondent of the London Chroni
cle of Dec. 15, says several aristocrafic marriages
are to take place, in imitation of those that are go
ing on among the Royah and Imperial houses of
Europe. While we learn that the hand of the Prin
cess Alice of England is sought by the young Prince
of the house of Orange, and that the heir W the
crown of Naples is tone married to the Princess
Helen of Bavaria, sister of Empress of Austria, we
find there are many distinguished parties about to
be united here—the Count de Walsh with Mdlle.
des Mazieres, the Comte de Montgomery with
Mdlle. des Portea, the Viscomte de Hennerdail with
Mdlle. d’Aiiiecourt, w'hile M. d’Ailleeourt, her broth
er, leads Mdlle. de Villefranche to the hymeneal
alter also. These marriages will give n considera
ble impetus to the fashionable worid, for as they
embrace so many persons distinguished in the high
and financial circles, tiny will be celebrated with
pomp, and with great display of toilette.
The Mutiny on board the Katc Hooper.—
The Boston papers furnish no particulars of this af
fair. The Advertiser says—
“ A letter received in this city from Captain Ryan,
of ship Lyon, from Ilong Kong for Callao, dated
Anjitr Nov. 22, states that the ship Kate JUooper,
of Baltimore, Capt. Jackson, from Macau, Oct. 15,
for Havana with coolies, was at Anjier Nov. 22,
waiting men from Batavia. The coolies had muti
nied and got possession of the between decks, tot
the ship on fire three times, and before they could
be subdued the officers shot fifty of them. The mas
ter was confined to his bed by sickness at the time.’’
We learn that letters have been received in this
city which give some accounts of the muntiny on
board the Kate Hooper, differing with the foregoing
only In the fact tii&t the number of coolies shot was
but five instead of fifty.— Balt. American.
A Dove Story.—A gentleman of this city, who
has a dove cot at his residence at the West End, re
lates the following incident as {baving occurred last
week. In the cot were a male and female dove aud
two squabe. The male sqoaohaving fled, the elder
ly dove drove from his nest his female mate, pro
moted to his bed and board the young female squab.
Fihaliy upon one occasion when the female appear
ed at the door of the cot, the male sailed out, pe -e.ed
at her and drove her away. T>.e persecuted .oth
er flew down to a perch below, where, with b< r head
under her wing, she remained for a short time and
then fell suddenly to the ground. The imr uesof
the bouse who haft witnessed the proceeding, rurne
diateiy went out and ascertained that the dov- was
dead, but no wound was found sufficient to cause
death. Possibly she died of a broken heai from
the brutal treatment of her false and fickle mate
Boston Traveller.
Washington Items.—A caucus of Democratic
members (some twenty in number) was held on
Friday night, at which it wa3 agreed to oppose the
Lecompton Constitution. Several of the Pennsyl
vania delegation were present. Iu the House,
nineteen Northern Democrats are considered cer
against Lecompton, with seven probably in
addition. A caucus of democratic senators will be
held iu the ante-room of the Senate this evening for
the purpose of consultation. Lecompton and Sliu
nesota will be merged together and put through un
der the whip and spur.
Private despatches state positively that Calhoun
lias backed out of his rejection of the returns sent
to Governor Denver. Tue Administration con
cents that the Pennsylvania Legislature will vote
against the Lecompton Constitution if the direct
question is reached, but their friends design to smo
ther the resolutions iu the select committee to which
they are referred.
Letteis have heretofore keen sent lo Carey Jones
requesting him to come home, but it appears that
he heeds tin m not. Peremptory orders will goby
next mail tor him to return home immediately. The
Administration is out of all patience with him.
Gen. Lane, the delegate from Oregon, received
by the last st eamer from California, the official copy
of tbe Constitution of State Government, adopted
by the people of that Territory on the second Mon
day in November last. It is stated in letters from
prominent men there that the public sentiment is al
mosr unanimous in favor of its acceptance by Con
gress. It is probable that General Lane will sub
mit this copy of the Constitution of Oregon direct
ly to the House ol Representatives, in stead of hav
ing it communicated through the President. It will
in either event, be referred to the Committee on Ter
ritories. The election for State officers will not take
place before June next by which time Congress it
is supposed, will endorse the action of the people
there.
Washington Items.—The Tariff Investigating
Committee had a protracted session on Saturday.
Mr. Stone has now been before them for four days,
aud they have not got through with him yet He
testified that O. B. Matteson, during the pendency
of the Tariff bill, stated that it would take at least
twenty five thousand dollars to get the bill through
Congress ; that Matteson proceeded from Washing
ton to New York for the purpose of making tlie
arrangement; but.lie does not state whether Matte
son received the money. When asked by a mem
ber of the Committoe whether lie'had ever loaned
auy money to members of Congress, 119 hesitated
and quibbled, but finally said that he did not think
they had a right to ask such a question. The Com
mittee insisted upon an answer. He then stated
that there had been some money loaned—how much
lie did not know. Mr. Banks borrowed seven thou
sand dollars; another member had borrowed some
which the books of the company showed had never
been paid. The Committee yesterday applied to
the House for power to arrest an unwilling witness.
The intelligence from Nicaragua renders it very
u doubtful whether the government of that State will
ratify the treaty negotiated between Mr. Yrisarri
and Geu. Cass. It s failure will be a subject of deep
disappointment to the Administration, and to all
who had hoped, through this arrangement, to ex
tinguish filibusterism, aud to secure for our citizens
a safe and uninterrupted transit across the Nicara
guan Isthmus, aud, also, to facilitate a solution of
the difficulties iu which we have been involved with
England in regard to Central American affairs.
Mormon Infatuation in San Francisco.—A
gentleman residing iu San Francisco, Cal., with his
wife and family, had occasion, some two months
since, to go up the country, leaving his wife in pos
session of nearly all his worldly gear. Upon his re
turn, he was surprised to learn that she had left for
the Mormon settlement iu San Bernardino, carrying
everything with her. He started in pursuit by the
next steamer, and found his wife and family at San
Bernardino, with a team all packed up for Salt
Lake. He tried to persuade her to remain, but it
was useless. She threw herself upon his neck and
wept fervently because he would not go with her ;
but ehe refused to turn back. She appeared to feel
very bad at the idea of leaving her husband among
the Gentiles, whom she believed were destined to
be destroyed by wars, famine and pestilence, aud
told him he would yel be glad to walk to Salt Lake
and beg for bread, as the whole Gentile race were
doomed. She told him he would be starving here ;
but in the laud of Saints there would be an abun
dance of this world’s goods. The husband, rather
than go on with her, turned back an 1 loft her in the
company of those who had succeeded in imbuing
her with such a strange infatuation. He now hopes
to go on to the Lake, in the spring, with the troops,
rescue her and iiis fhmily, and send her back to her
parents and friends.
This is another instance of the powerful hold the
teachers of tlie Mormon faith are capable of obtain
ing on the minds of females.
Loss of the Schr. Ella and Steamer Pee Dee.
—Several seamen who were attached to the schr.
Ella, of Washington, N. C., reached this city on
Sunday afteinoon last in the steamer Everglade
from Florida They report that the Ella went
ashore 011 the St. Augustine bar 011 the 23d Janua
ry .and had become a wreck. From a letter re
ceived by a gentleman in this city, from a friend in
St. Augustine, we learn that a part of the cargo had
been lauded from the above vessel somewhat dam
aged, and that the agents of the underwriters had
taken charge of it as soon as possible.
The Ella belonged to Washington, N. (J., and
was a good vessel of about 90 tons. She cleared
from this port 011 the 22d of January for St. Augus
tine, with a cargo consisting of 21 tierces rice, 22
bbls. and 25 sacks of flour, 550 bags corn and 180
packages merchandise. She was commanded by
Capt. Farrow.
Information was also received by the Everglade,
that the steamer Pee Dee, Capt. Mauafieid, which
cleared at this poyt on tlie Bth of January for Fort
Capron, Indian River, Florida, went ashore on the
St. Augustine bar on the 27th of January, aud that
both veeael and cargo had become a total loss.
The Pee Dee had on board 6420 bushels oats, 36
bales hay, and other supplies for the U. S. troops.
We have net been able to learn the amount of
insurance, if any, on the above vessels or their car
goes.— Char. Cour.
Southern Extension. —If the free States under
the influence of legislation or the results of climate
aud necessity as it is claimed, are to receive all of
the present territories of tbe United States, things
iii a few years will stand aa follows :
Area.
Present slaveholding States 851,506
Non-slaveholding States 612,597
Add Territories . .1,472,061—2,084 GSB
Excess free States, square miles 1,233,15.0
For this absorption and appropriation if the South
were to eudeavoy to sot off what should be*equal by
purchase or otherwise. Southern territory now be
yond her limits, the following would be required:
The whole of Mexico 1,038,834
Half of Central America 101,055
All of the West India Islands, including
llayti, Cuba, Jamaica, <fcc 91,406
. 1,231,295
If tlie North then mentions British America, Cape
Horn must be the other end of the dilemma. But
jesting aside, in the whole future of this great conti
nent, have our Northern friends the serious inten
tion, of confining our powers down to the few thou
sand square miles which they have apportioned to
us, and which we now, they seem sometimes to say,
hold by their sufferage.— Deßoic's Weekly Press.
Macon Sl Western Railroad. —We are in re
ceipt of the 12th Annual Report of the business ope
rations of this Company lor the fiscal year which
closed the 30th November last. It is a document
compiled with great care and elaboration—contain
ing tabular returns ol every item of income and ex
pense compared with that of the preceding year,
and exhibiting some remarkable lacta growing out
of the short cropo of 1850 and 1857. A summary
statement clipped from the President's Report ex
hibits a fair business as follows :
The gross receipts from all sources
amount to $293,200 58
And Expenses ! 159,033 50
Net Earnings 133,027 02
Add balance as per last Report 54,819 99
“ Amount received ou New Stock.. 84,060 00
“ Ain’t rec'd On Suspense Accounts. 218 10
$272,725 11
President—lsaac Scott, Esq. Directors—Chas.
Moran, Drake Mills, Adam Norrie, N. C. Munroe,
Robert Collins, -j. B. Ros3, Andrew Low, J. C.
Levy, Edward Padelford, Wm. A. Ross, Hendly
Var ner, S. Mowry, Jr.
General Superintendent—Alfred L. Tyler, Esq.;
Secretary and Treasurer—Col. Ira 11. Taylor.— Ma
con Telegraph.
Walker’s Developments. —A despatch from
Mobile, some days ago, announced that Walker
had made startling disclosures to the piejudice of
the Administration, and in explanation of its oppo
sition to his filibustering expedition. Sifted to the
bottom, it turns out just as we expected, the entire
substance of the development being that in the
month of October a confidential friend of his had
an interview with a member of the cabinet, who
said the President was opposed to the Nicaragua
enterprise, and the member recommended the Walk
erites to enter into treaty wi h Comonfort, become
the allies of Mexico, and then bring a war between
Spain and Mexico, and seize (Juba, —which propo
sition, Walker rejected, and thereby brought down
upon him the ire of the President. This latter func
tionary, it seems, had nothing to do with the affair
but it was solely a suggestion from a member of the
Cabinet, without the slightest proof that the Presi
dent had any knowledge of the proposition, much
lean that it was made by his authority. We think
it is about time for Walker to close up the show
and go to work for a living at some honest employ
ment. — Savh. Rep.
Another Mormon Exodus.—The Mormons at
San BarnardoTii, California, have followed the ex
ample of the Saints in Carson Valley, and are pull
ing up stakes ‘or a removal to Salt Lake City. The
Mormon population of San Bemardoni number fif
teen hundred, it is seven years since they settled
the town, and their industry made it one of the most
.flourishing and beautiful in California. The Mor
mons are disposing of their houses, farms, orchards,
vineyards, and all kinds of property they cannot
carry with them, to Gentile speculators at their own
prices, and all the spare funds obtained are invested
in arms and ammunition.* They have sentfour orfive
4odh of gunpowder, several cases of revolvers and a
iarge number nf rifles to Salt Lake. The rich aid
the porn in preparing for the journey, and Mr. Hunt,
Assemblyman eiftct to the California Legislature,
goes with constituents. The Mormon.s expect to
winter at the first settlements abont three hundred
miles from San Bernardoni.
The T allest Me v.—From a notice of Surgeon
General Lawson's i eport in the American Journal
of the Medical Science*, it is ascertained that the
tallest men enlisted in the United States re from
the State of Georgia, where out of one hundred en
listed, thirty were aix feet and over; while the short
est men are from New York, where only four out
of oae hundred were six feet. The tallest recruit
from Georgia was six feet six inches, and the mean
height of the recruits thence was five feet eight in
die-;. The tallest enlisted man from New York was
six feet one and a half inches, and the mean height
of New York recruits was five feet six incLesr The
Southern aud Western States produce the tallest
men, and the Middle and Eastern States the short
est -r
Pittsburg Refinement.—On Monday evening
a r melo-drama called- “The Condemned,” was pro
duced at Miss Kimberly’s theatre, in Pittsburg,
Pa. It is founded on the late fearful murder of an
old man and woman near that city, and in it are
introduced, as the Pittsburg papers state, scenes in
alow groggery, the murder, the jail-yard, the gal
lows, with all its hideous paraphernalia, and alltLis,
be it remembered, while the death-sentenced con
victs are in the neighboring jail, awaiting the felon’s
doom. Ite announcement for repetition speaks vol
umes for the taste of a Pittsburg audience. The
mayor made an attempt to stop the exhibition, but
found he had not the power.
Cholera.—Thra fell diabase has once more made
its appearance in England ; and there can be no
doubt, if it be true to its antecedent**, that it v. ill
vitit the shore of America daring the course of the
approaching summer. Should it do so, it will again
find us unprepared, and the usual mortality and
panic will be the result. .Sii months previous to the
outbreak of 1851, we warned the authorities of its
approach, and urgently advised the adoption of
measures calculated to arrest its progress and dis
arm It. in a measure, of it* power, fjur warnings,
however, were unheeded, and a mourning eofmau
nity were insulted by the solemn mockery enae-ed
by short-sighted and incapable officials, in the great
activity displayed to check the progress of au <pi
dernic which had gathered its victims, expended its
power, and was already rapidly on the decline
[Montreal Med. (Jht onxei
VOL. LXXII.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXII. NO.O.
Financial and Commercial.— A New Ycik
letter, dated Sunday, says :
The receipts at the Sub-Treasury yesterday,
amounted to 251,010 dollars, of whsch $74,726 were
from customs. The balance on hand was $3,238,-
500 dollars—an encouraging increase, and iudica
live of a renewal of commercial transactions. The
exchanges at the. Bank Clearing House amounted
lo over eleven and a half millions.
The weekly statement of the New York city banks
shows an increase of $1,700,000 in loans; $114,000
m specie ; $33,000 iu circulation; $1,390,000 iu
nominal deposits, and $931,000 in undrawn de
posits.
1* i* believed that the usury laws of New York
will be somewhat modified during the present ses
sion of the Legislature.
The telegraph yesterday announed the abscond
.ng of John W. Seymour, Secretary of the Hartford
Savings Association, a defaulter in the sum of SIOO -
000 or A later dispatch says :
The money has been lost in stock and other spec
ulations. Mr. Seymour was President of the Mer
cantile Bank, and was considered one of the most
upright men iu the community. The Mercantile
Bank does not lose a dollar by Mr. Seymour ; nei
ther, as far as we can learn, does any other institu
tion lose anything by him, except the Savings Asso
ciation.”
The New York Journal of Commerce of Monday
P. M., says:
“The banks are receiving offers of strictly prime
paper as a favor, and money is daily growing easier,
wb; e acceptable securities continue scarce, and iu
demand. The rate at the note broket's is reduced
to simple interest for short dates, and 7 a)S for long
paper, with undoubted signatures.
“ Foreign Exchange is firm, but bankers are will
ing to sell large amouuts for the sake of securing
specie. The shipment of coin aud bullion by
Wednesday’s steamer, will probably be nearly $2,-
000,000.” J
Government Expenses.— The expenses of the
Government for the past year are stated by the
Secretary of the Treasury, iu the documents ac
compaying his annual Report, to have been as fol
lows :
Civil list $7,207.112 42
Foreign intercourse 1,019.435.16
MiSeeUancous expenses 19,305,374.79
Department of Interior- 5,358,274.72
Department of War 19,261,774.16
Department of the Navy 12,726,856 69
Public Debt, redeemed and interest 5,943,896 91
$70,822,724.85
Receipts during the year,
From Customs $63,875,905.05
Sales of Public Lands... 3,829,486.64
Incidental sources 926,121.98
63,631,531.67
Balance inTrea’y, July 1*56 19,901,325.45
88,532,839.12
Balance in Treasury, July 1, 1857 17,710,114.27
The Ocean Telegraph.— Preparations for Lay
ing the Cable. —A letter from George Saward, Esq ,
Secretary of the Atlantic Telegraph Company, dated
at Loudon, Jan. 15, says:
Our arrangements here for the completion of the
work we have in hand are progressing satisfactorily
and I trust and believe that our next attempt will
be crowned with success. The machinery is being
overhauled under the direction of British and Ame
rican engineers, aud experiments will be carefully
tried before sailing next time, with a view to meet
every known or anticipated difficulty. The English
government has again granted us the use of ships
mid the manufacture of new cable to supply the
place of that which was lost, is going on satisfacto
rily. It is at present intended to take out 2,800
miles of cable, bring 300 miles more than w r as
thought sufficient last time.
Bank Reform in Rhode Island. —The Rhode
Island Bank Commissioners, in their report to the
Legislature of that State, dated Jan. 27, recommend
the following additions and alterations to the State
laws regulating banking:
1. Making it obligatory upon every bank and in
stitution for savings to cause a record to be made
in a book kept for that purpose of all proceedings
of the board of directors or trustees at every meet
ing thereof, and of the names of such directors as
may be present at such meeting.
2. To add to tho penalty for an over issue provided
for in the 28th section, chapter 126, such a term of
confinement iu the Si ate prison as the Legislature
may deem proper.
3. Prohibiting savings banks from taking secu
rity on mortgages on property out of the State.
4. That a deposit of such securities as the Legis
lature may deem proper be required lor all circula
tion issued by any bank beyond 50 per cent, of its
capital actually paid in.
5. To provide for the making of semi monthly re
turns to the commissioners of the following particu
lars: capital stock, circulation, deposits, due other
banks, loans, specie, bills of other banks, deposits in
other banks,
The Call for a Bank Meeting. —The call for a
meeting of the friends of Gov. Brown’s Bank Veto
Message, on the first Tuesday in February, we are
authorized to state, and so des ; re ourselves to state,
was intended, and now is made a call for the meet
ing of the supporters of Gov. Brown in the late
election, to give an expression to their views upen
his course upon the Bank question. Os course the
call could not with propriety be extended to bis op
ponents, for the leaders of the opposition would
condemn his course at all hazards; they are expect
ed to do so, while it is proper for his supporters and
political friends to meet and approve, or condemn,
as they think proper. Let there be a full turn out
of the Democracy of old Casa on sale day next.—
Cassville Standard.
We aliuded in our last to the fact, that for purely
selfish and political purposes, the friends of Gov.
Brown are wilfully and perniciously forcing a false
bsue before the people—an issue which brings into
antagonism the Executive and Legislative depart
ments of our State Government. The object of the
originators of Brown meetings is evident. Unwill
ing to trust his administration, at its close, to the
popular verdict, they are attempting to raise a pop
ular excitement upon an isolated act, upon a ques
tion about winch, in times like the present, the pop
ular mind is morbidly sensitive, and more likely to
be driven to its conclusions by paseion than calm in
vestigation. How far Gov. Brown is complicated
in these fulsome glorifications of himself, and de
preciation of the Legislature, is measurably a mat
ter of conjecture.
The above article from one of his confidential
Cherokee organs, gives ua, in a few words, the so
lution of the Brown meetings. They are designed
to commit the Democracy in advance to his re-elec
t ion—to forestall and anticipate the action of a State
Convention. In Cherokee, where Democracy is
strong, they ask none but Democrats to attend these
meetings, lestjit shall be said, they do not express a
purely Democratic sentiment. And besides, unless
they can get up the impression that Americans op
pose Gov. Brown, perhaps some arrogant and pre
sumptuous member Gs his own party may enter tht
list against him lor a second term. In those coun
ties where Americanism is more prevalent, meetings
are called without respect to parties, by which it is
hoped to get enough Americans committed to Brown,
to make up any losses he is likely to sustain through
his “conscientious stupidity.” The game is an art
ful one ; how it will succeed time only can disclose.
We trust the people will not be entrapped by a
clique of office seekers.— Macon Jour. 4* Mess.
An American Horse Breaker Before the
(/ueen of England.—On Wednesday morning, the
13th, at Windsor, Mr. J. 8. Rarey, from the United
States of America, had the ho-or of exhibiting be
fore her Majesty, the Prince Consort, and the royal
family and suite, in the r ding house, his miraculous
power over the torso. Several animals were selec
ted as subjects of his experiments. He commenced
with a wild colt, eighteen months old, belonging to
the Prince Consort, which had been brought from
Shaw farm, and which had never been handled ex
cept by halter, and had been chosen by Colonel the
Honorable A. N. Hood, for the occason. After be
ing alone with the animal for about an hour and a
half tha royal party entered, and found Mr. Rarey
Hitting on its back without holding the rein, the
horse standing perfectly quiet. Mr. Rarey then
made a few remarks in regard to his great expe
rience in the treatment of this noble animal; a drum
was afterwards handed to Mr. Rarey, which he beat
with fury whilst sitting on the horse’s back without
the colt exhibiting any signs of fear. The royal
party afterwards withdrew for a few minutes, and
on their return found the animal lying down and
Mr. Rarey knocking its hind legs together, one of
which he put againet his face.
Afterwards a restive horse, selected from Mr. An
derson’s stables, in London, which Mr. Rarey said
he had before handled, was placed at one end of
the riding house alone. Mr. Rarey went to th 9
other end, and at his command the horse walked
amietly up to him. lie then made the horse lie
down iu the presence of the Queen, when Mr. Rarey
crawled between his hind legs, and over him iu va
rious ways. Mr. Rarey then rolled the horse on his
back. The horse was afterwards placed in various
positions, in which it stood without holding, and
without a bridle. A third horse, selected by Mr.
Meyers, the riding master, as a very nervous ani
mal, was then brought in, and in a few minutes af
terwards it was made by Mr. Rarey to do all which
had been done by the other horses. At the conclu
sion of this exhibition of Mr. Rarey’s wonderful
power over the horse, his Royal Highness the Prince
Consort expressed to Mr. Rarey his gratification
and thanks. The secret has been entrusted to Maj.
General Richard Airey, in confidence, who has pro
nounced that there is nothing in the treatment but
what any horseman would approve of. The secret
will be made known when a sufficient number of
übscribers has been obtained.
The American Railway and Telegraph in Ja
pan —The Emperor of Japan, says a letter from
: hat country in the Paris Pays, has by a decree of
: he 25th of October last, appointed Prince Hayashi
High Imperial Commissioner of the three ports of
Nagasaki, Simoda, and Hakod&di. In that capaci
ty the management of relations with foreigners will
be confided to him, and for his guidance the Empe
•or has caused to be drawn up a series of regina
ions, fixing the formalities to be observed by
foreigners who want to take op their residence iu
the ports opened to them, the manner in which
they are to carry on trade, and the privileges their
consuls are to enjoy. These regulations are of a
liberal character, and are in occordance with the
.-piritand letter of treaties. The present Emperor
is a very enlightened man, and Prince Hayashi, who
poßdes3e9 all his confidence, i© also intelligent, free
from prejudice against foreigners, and knows seve
al European languages. When the Americans were
Mere, they presented the Emperor with models of a
railway, and with a small electric telegraph. His
Majesty was greatly pleased with both, ana had tle
after fixed up in bis palace; he thoroughly under
tands it, and appreciates its importance. He has
ordered that a line of telegraph shall be construct
ed from Jeddo, his capital, to Biinoda, where
frince Hayashi is to reside.
The Mormons and the Indians—The Santa
Fe Gazette has received reliable intelligence from
*he Coejos to the effect that the Tabamuatche and
Muatohe Utah Indians are giving uumiHtakeable
igus of hostility, and openly declare their enmity
*o the Mexicans and Americans. They say that the
Mormon “ tata” is worth all the other “tatas,” as
he gives them kegs of powder and boxes of guns,
<md that he could whip the whole world.
There is not a doubt that Brigham Young is in
citing these Indians to hostility against our govern
ment, and that they are likely to be troublesome
From the Conejos to the Mormon settlements it is
but a few days* travel, and the Tabamuatches use
as much in Utah as iu New Mexico. The inhabi
tants in the Conejos apprehend danger from these
Indians so soon as the snow disappears and the
grans begins to grow.
The Gazette states that the difficulties which have
existed for some time between the Navajoe and
Utah Indians are now iu a fair way to be adjusted.
Accident. —We regret to have to state that
another sad accident has occurred among the ope
ratives on our new Court House. One of the scaf
folds of the third story gave way yesterday about
eleven o’clock, and precipitated a young man by
the name of Bozeman, and a negro man belonging
to Hansel R. Seward, to the earth. Bozeman is still
alive, but the negro wo* dreadfully mangled and kill
ed.— Wire Grass Reporter.
Messrs. F. Skinner Sc Cos., and J. C. Howe Cos.,
two of the largest men antile firms in Boston, who
suspended in October last, have resumed payments
in full.
Onr Earthly Friend* in Heaven.
The following lines were found in the coat-pocket
belonging to a young man, soon after his death,
which was occasioned by consumption.
Is it wrong to wish to see them
Who were dear to us on earth,
Who have gone to heavenly mansions,
Who Rurround a brighter hearth #
Is it wrong to mourn their absence
From the parted household band 1
Should we check the sigh of sadness,
Though they’re in a better land #
Is it wrong to hope to meet them
Yet upon the blessed shore,
And with songs of joy to greet them
W'hen this toil of life is o’er #
Is it wrong to think them dearer
Than the many of the blest
Who to us ou earth were strangers <
Must we love them like the rest #
I’ve a mother up in Heaven,
And, oh ! tell me, if ye will,
Will that mother know her children if
Will she recolleet them still 1
Can she look drwr . ... ,
To this dark and dis tant
Will she know when I am coming #
Will she meet me at the door <
Will she clafcp me to her bosom
In her ecstacy of joy #
Will she ever be my mother #
Shall I ever be her boy l
And thou, loved one, who did’st leave us,
In the morning of thy bloom—
Dearest sister, shall I meet thee
When I go beyond the tomb #
Shall 1 see thy lovely features #
Shall I hear thy pleasant words,
Sounding o’er my spirit’s heart-strings,
Like the melody of birds #
And I think me of another—
Os a darling little one—
Who went up among the angels,
Ere his life had scarce begun.
Oh ! 1 long once more to see hint,
And to fold him in my arms t
As 1 did when he was with us,
With his thousand budding charms.
Ah ! ’tis truo th© soul must softer.
And be bound tvith anguish down,
Ere tis fitted for its dwelling,
Ere ’tis ready for its crown.
[English Paper.
The Advice of a Member of the Cabinet to
Gen. Walker—lt has already been stated that
Gen. Walker in his Mobile speech, had alleged that
in October last a member of Mr. Buchanan’s cabi
net had recommended the Walkerites to enter into a
treaty with Gen. Comonfort, and become allies with
Mexico, and then bring about a war between Spain
and Mexico and seize Cuba. The Philadelphia
Ledger, commenting on this, remarks :
That a member of the cabinet did suggest that
he should join Comonfoi t may be true, for Mexico
at that time seemed likely to be invaded hostilely
by Spain. If the member of the cabinet told him
to seize upon Cuba as the first act of hostility after
declared war, he gave him good advice, for that
was tiie way most to injure Spain ; b t when Mr.
Walker says the member told him “ to bring about
a war between Spain and Mexieo,” he certainly al
lows his self-conceit to ignore the main facte iu the
case upon which all this superstructure rested.
Those things were to be done in the event of war,
and not war brought about to favor their accom
plishment. The war was uot of Mexico’s seeking,
but Spain’s. The policy of the former couutry was
peace, and the invasion of Cuba was urged only as
a defensive measure, to prevent Mexico from being
subdue.d by a foreign enemy. It was only the fear
of losing Cuba, which the press of the United States
had pointed out to Spain, w hich induced that Gov
ernment to relinquish its absurd hostilities against
Mexico. Mr. Walker, as an adherent of Comonfort,
could have had the sanction of internatiomd law,
after war was declared, to do what mischief ht>
pleased against Spain. But if he had attempted to
seize Cuba before hostilities broke out, he would
have been os much a filibuster as in Nicaragua, and
would have had every civilised government against
him, and particularly the government of the United
States, if, in the prosecution of his design, he had
endeavored to raise the means to do so withiu the
territories of the Uuited States.
Later News from Utah.—The Platte Argus, of
the 22d ult., announces the arrival in Weston on the
21st, of Mr. Davidson, from Utah, who brings iu
telligence from Carnp Scott of the 14th of Decem
ber, which is four days later than any previously
received :
Ou 1 1th December left Col. Johnston at Camp
Scott, four miles from Bridger; Col. Cook off witL
the muleß forty two miles from Bridger, jn Henry’s
Fork. All hands engaged iu making comfortable
for the winter. Health of the command good.—
Twelve ounces of Hour and as much “ poor heel’ as
the men want, are the rations. No news from
Capt. Marcy, who had started from Taos. No snow
this side of Laramie. Plenty of good grass, aud
buffalo very fat. Capt. Bee of the 10th infantry,
had beon placed in command of the three volunteer
companies, and was engaged in drilling them. Vo
lunteera enlisted between 10th and 20ih November
for six months. Mormons continuing to fortify bo
tween the army and Salt Lake. Met, going out,
army mail near “ Devil’s Gate a second near
“ Ash Hollow,” and a third at Kearney. Met train
takiug a supply of salt from Laramie, on the last
crossing of Sweet Water.
From the Utah Expedition.—Th© Indepeu
deuce correspondent of the St, Louis Republican
of Jan. 30th, gives some additional items from the
Utah army:
Captain Marey was expected back about the
middle of April, and soon thereafter transportation
would be effected, and Colonel Johnston would
make an effort to enter Salt Lake City. Colonel
Johnston’s impression, from the demonstratioua
made m the valley, is that the troops will have It*
fight.
At Judge Eckels’ Court of Session a great many
presentments weie made to the grand jury, involv
ng business enough for two or tliree weeks.
Joseph C. Irwin, who is the bearer of despatches
from Independence, met with large nuinoers of
Arrapoes, Sioux and Fawnee Indians at different
points ou the plains.
The National Debt.—On the 17th duy ot No
vember last the debt of the United SUtes stood as
follows :
Loan of 1842 $2,883,304 11
“ 1*46 8,700 oo
“ IWI7 9,412,700 00
“ 148 8,908,341 80
Texas imioumlty 3,461,000 OO
Texas debt 268,968 42
Old funded and unfunded debt 114,118 54
Treasury notes 107,961 64
Total $25,166,154 51
To which may be added the Treasury
notes since authorised 20,000,000 09
Present total 645,1*5,154 51
The Alleged Bribery.—A letter from Wash
ingtou to the New York Times says :
1 understand that it is in evidence before the tariff
committee of investigation that a member of Con
gress proposed to furnish twenty-five votes for that
measure, on condition that twenty five thousand
dofiars should be placed in the hands of a certain
New York editor. Ido not learn the names of the
names of the patties, but am inclined to think they
are the same who figured in the same way in the
testimony elicited last winter. It is said on the
street Mr. Stone can testify also to & singular letter
received by him from another New York editor,
relative to his tariff bill of lost session.
Coinage ok the United States. —The entire
coinage of the United States, from the time of the
establishment of the United States Mint of J 793, up
to the ‘3oth of June, 1857, has been as follows :
Mint of the United States $394,805,440 91
Branch mint at New Orleans. 59,423,415 00
Branch mint at Dahlonega 5,875,747 00
Branch mint at Charlotte 4,403,659 00
Branch mint at San Francisco 71,909,473 93
Assay office at Mew York 52,191,443 33
Total $588,019,188 17
British Railway Rkvknues.—Some very cu
rious and valuable tables have recently been pub
lished in England by Mr. Uackett. According to
these, it appears that the revenue of the railways of
the United Kingdom, in 1857, was no less than £24,-
000,000. The capital of these lines is about £300,-
000,000. The railway profits for last year must have
been about £13,000,000, or about four per cent, of
the total capital; but from a considerable portion of
the £300,000,000 capital being in loans and prefer
ence shares, at a rate of interest averaging more
than the per centage of profits the average divi
dend is about per cent, per annum.
Child Burnt to Death.—We learn that a lit
tle daughter, about three years old, of Mr. Norwood,
near Ilogansville, in this county, was burned to
death, on Wednesday of last week, under the fol
lowing circumstances: Mr. Norwood was making
plow-stocks, we believe, not very far from his resi
dence, and had fire at the place where he was at
work. Having occasion to step to the house, his
little daughter, who was playing around him took
up some shavings and threw them upon the fire,
in the doing of which her clothes took fire. She lived
until the next morning and died.— l.agrange Rep.
Railroad Accident.—We learn that on yester
day evening, as the freight train on the Opelika
Railroad, was crossing the bridge at this place, the
cab of the locomotive came in contact with a rope
stretched over the bridge in some manner for the
Curpose ot drawing up rock, which upset the cab,
nocking a negro brakeman off of a brake, break
ing his leg in two places, crushing one of his arms
very badly, knocking out both of his eyes, and
breaking several of the bones in his face. The ne
gro, at la'est accounts, was not dead.— Columbus
Mun y 3 and inst.
The Pemberton Mills.—The large mill and
other property of the Pemberton company, at Law
rence, will be sold at auction on the Bth of Feb
ruary. This is a modern mill, with the newest and
most approved machinery. The works cost SBOO,-
000 and are mainly as good as new, though it is pro
bable they will not bring more than half the cost,
and it is said that this amount will not more than
suffice to pay off the debts, leaving the stock a total
loss.— Boston Trav.
A Skating Feat. —On Thursday afternoon, a
young lady and gentleman skated from Bangor to
Hampden, Maine, on a trial of speed. The Whig
nays “the young gentleman had the longest legs but
the lady spread most canvass, and the wind Being
fair and fresh she beat him by 2J minutes ; and the
teat was performed in half an hour. So exhausted
were the parties, however, and so strong the head
wind to skate back, that they were brought to the
city in a carriage.”
Melancholy Affair. —We are pained to learn
that yesterday morning a kitchen ou the premises of
Mr. Jacob Lewis, situated on the hill about half a
mile from Columbus, on the other side of the river,
was consumed by fire, and melancholy to relate,
two negro children, aged about five years, were
burnt to death.— Columbus Sun, 3 d.
Direct Southern Trade.— The Norfolk Argus
makes the important and gratifying announcement
that the mission of the Hon. Wm. Ballard Preston,
in behalf of the Virginia and Western railroads, has
been successful. Mr. Preston has succeed in mak
ing arrangements with the Paris and Orleans Rail
road Company to run four steamers between the
ports of Orleans, France, and Norfolk, Virginia.—
Rich. Dis.
Thurlow Weed is “ bobbing around” in Wash
ingtou, lobbying, it is said, in connection with Eli
Thayer, in favor of the Northern Colonization of
Central’ American
The Paulding Resolutions Defeated.—The
resolutions which had passed the Senate branch of
the Alabama Legislature condemnatory of the ar
rest of Gen. W'alker by Commodore Paulding, were
defeated in the House on Friday last, by a vote of
64 to 13.
Gin House Burned.—We learn that a short time
sine? Mr. Cochran, residing iu the 17th District
of Cass County, was injured to the amount oi S2OOO
or more, by the burning of his gin house and crop
of cotton and other things,— Castersmlle Express.