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k\ ‘ CjUtfeOTti |: / j *’ ■ J^’
BY W. S. JONES.
TEEMS.
THE WEEKLY
CHRONICLE As SENTINEL
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THE CHRONICLE & SENTINEL
DAILY AND TItI'WKKKLV,
Are also published at this office, and mailed to sub
tcribore at the f. wine rate*, namely:
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’ Xj. S. HOYT’S
AMOXIATED BONE
SOPER-PHOSPHATE
O F
L I M E,
OF TUB
MOST M’PROV Kl) QUALITY .
A SFIiSTI T I'TE
FOR I’i.RIVIAN til'AM).
. SVYYIVVY , V. Y Y*Y, ~,YEJ
VZA AAUAtA A* a'aAA Ak'lAAAxriy
NEW-YORK.
OFFICE NO. 594 WATER STREET,
Adjoining XJ. S. Hotel.
A FERTILIZER
Producing All the immediate eflVct < f I bn bout Peru
vian Guau i, without tb** danger of de-.troying a crop by
its coming in contact vrith the seed and being lasting iu
the soil years alter ti e Guano is exhausted It is pul
verised to ft lint* powder, ready for nae. No loao of time
and labor iu breftkit g lumps, screening, Are.
i > ho c phftte of la'luc in the only element in Guano, or
any other Fertiliser, from which permanent effect can
be expected, hence that Fertiliser which contains the
most Phosphate, with a suftlcieucy of ammonia to pro
duce a 1 the effect that can be had from Ammonia, is the
best, inasmuch i b more tha. that is a was*®
N. B —To test the relative value of this Fertilizer, u*-e
in quantity and a!l other respects same as Peruvian
Guano.
Packed in strong Hags of 150 pounds. Barrels average
ms pounds each.
My Super-Phosphate of Lime is not an experiment
Four years’ trial of it upon all Muds of Crops and Soils,
has proved its value ea.-h } ear, ana that it is ot uuuorm
quality.
Try it B'dft by hide with No. 1 Peruvian Guano upon all
your crops. aud sco which is cheapest, safest and most
lasting Am aTOF DRK:s|tfU upon Grain or Grass
early in the Ipr ug. it pay.”
Owtitlcate . da'ei* irora ue firs. yvar of the introduc
tion of my Fertilizer, each year since, might b** added ;
but the moat satisfactory Certificate is for every F armer
U try It for himself
Sold by tb > Di alers in Agricultural Implements in
the City, aud at 1*22 West street, corner Dey street
PRICE $45 PER TON
OF 3000 LBS.
A Discount made to buyers of
Five Tons or more.
For Direction*, Analyses aud Certificates, nee Pamph
let, scut tree upon application to the Proprietor.
go S. HOYT.
194 Water st., N. Y.
CAUTlON.—Observe that every Hag and Bar
rolot Hoyt’s Super-phosphate of .Litue is branded as
above designated. 1 UNK OTHKK l** GENUINE.
aN ll—Nlide Island, or Pa iftc Ocean GUANO, No. 1
Peruvian an l Colombian GVA and, GROUND BONE.
POUDKE I'TE, and PLASTER, for sale iu snv quanti
ty, and at lowes price. . oc-20-wlf
THE DOUBLE ACTING
YliiiuidS Lufitor Silting
PI.OW !
Patented October 30th 1857,
BY C. I). MAGIiUDKB,
THOMASVILL B, GEO.
rpHR construction of this PLOW is euch as adapts it
A to the entire farm use Asa single Plow, it consists
ot wooden Stock auil Iron Foot attached by 2 bolts, and
adapted to any kind of share *
Asa double Flow, there is au iron sdo beam attached
firmly by alngte bolt and clift, and may be readily ad
lusted to any width share—it to 5 tn. scooters, fi to 8 in.
turning sliaref, 10 t> 12 iu *wre< ps.
Its advantages a* e : in breaking or bedding lands and
turning under small grain l tan i with *2 mules saves the
labor of 1 baud, and iu the cultivation of the crop you
uiay easily ad i.to 10 xcres p r hand, increasing your
income,PEß PLOW,SO to The advantages o£
this Flow are becoming so generally known and ap
proved, that i deem t unnecessary t e..cumber it w ith
•certificate*, of which l have a great number lam now’
m Augusta with THE PLOW, for the purpose <v intro
ducihg it in th s section of the state, and odor liberal in.
sducements in the purchase of Oonuty aud State Rights.
The Plow will bo or. exhibition m this city at the
store of II A J. MvH)RB <k G),
l shall also be a. the .State Fair, Columbia, S. 0., Nov.
otb. 1 fiSd o. B. MAGRUI>KR,
oct‘.’s-ditwSt* Thomnsvilie, (*a.
LOOKJIERK
Farmers, Haulers and Keepers of
HORSES.
41 Keep your Horses in Good Condition..’
in:i\iTsu's
SE&MAS VEGETABLE ffISS Mil.
extraordinary virtu softbe celebrated GER
-1 MAN HORSE POWDER, are attested by thousands
who hare used it. It is composed of Vegvuvble Roots
and Herbs, and i* highly recommended for the cure aud
prevention of all those aisaaaes to which that animal—the
Horse —Uaubject: as Distemper, Hide bound, Drowsi
ness Loss of Appetite, Inward Sprains, Yellow Water,
Fatigue tri'm haniexercueor work, Inflammation of the
Kyes. Debility, Wasting of Flesh. Ac. It carries off all
gross humors, prevents horses from becoming still or
foundered, purifies and cools the blood, and improves
their general condition. The constantly inurex-iug de
-cand for Uncelebrated ‘ HORSE MEDICINE” is one
.*< those unmisukeable proofs ot its w. th. in cases ot ’
Hide bound, Lss of Appetite, Drowauesa, Fatigue,
lJ)i<wupor. laliaumiauon ot'tue Eyes. It improve* the
.condition of the Skin; impart* a tine glossy coat of
Hair ; it is a universal Condition Powder. Farmers and
iPianters should uot be without this valuable Powder.
For sale, wholesale aud retail, by
FISHER and HEINITSH,
Columbia, S. C.,
“ ‘ PLUMB & LEITNER,
Wholesale and U.liil Druggists, Angus!*, Ga.
ray29-wlv
COTTON K A X !
t HAVE Msj THOMAS TOBIN, of l! f
1 City of August*, my Sou’ Ageui tor the le
R.ght, for the manufacture ainl use of my toI ION
Fan, for Stares, Gounnes, or individuals ut thr Matts
of South Cardins. Georg* Fonda lhe ns* of
th* abov* Ksn i* U’ c.etn Cotton of sand, dirt and h*ary
trash, pr*vions to its b*ing gioned
THUS. OLIVER, Patentee,
sepl7-d3Aw.ini* Yaxoo City Httshaippl.
(ORB ll)i\TV LlliDN
FOB SALE.
fl’ RK s otters for sale the follow:lug proper-
X ty, vi r: A large and coevenient DWELLING,
with oatbuu Hugs., a splendid garden, orchard o! choice
fruit trees, A c . and thirty-seven acre* of land attached,
on the Powder Springs r.'ad, 5 miles from Marietta, and
4 tYom the Georgia Military Institute.
Also, a PLANTATION near by, containing Six Hun
dred aud ten acres. JOO c eared ; about one hundred and
sixty acres rich Creek bottoms seventy of which are
cleared and in cultivation. On the pae are Negro
Cabin*. Baras. Gin House, Screw. Ac.. Ac In connec
tion with the above I will also sell. 12 or 14 likelv NE
GROES. several MI LES and HORSES, CATTLE
HOGS. CORN. FODDER, OATS. Ac , Ac,
Terras: One third cash, balance in one and two years,
with interest from Ist January next.
R. W JOYNER.
Jy3l wtf Marietta, Ga.
** The Columbus Enquirer and Tallahasse (Fla.)
Sen tine, will publish the above weekly, till forbid, and
sand a paper containing the same to R W. JOYNER
TEXAS LANDS ! TEXAS LANDS !
/n non ACIUB OF LAND is EuSm Tn-
VUjUvv *s, heavily Timbered, aud well adapt
d to the culture of Cotton and Grain, possessing the
advantages at pure water, food health, and convenience
to Railroad', an eady pr. jetted, leading to both shrevev
port and Gaivto-i T.t.es clear, and vU be bold in
.quantities to suit purchasers.
The Lands are in Gray son, Polk. Trinity. Angelina,
Jefferson and Smith couui i<-. Also. 7.000 Acres in Mc-
Clelland county, within live mues of Waco, the coun'y
site, all of which will oe s Id low for cash, or Negroei
will be taken in payment, at a cash valuation ; also, old
Planta ions will oe taken in exchange from purchasers.
when desired, a* a matter of accommodation, at a lair
valuation.
All communications, addre sed to me at Augusta Ga,
or Woodviile, Green cottn-y, will receive prompt attc-n
tioil.
Personal Interview* are preferr.ni. as I fcave in xny
possession Inte maps of t‘<e Mate of Terns and “trace
paper” piatts of the Lands offered—also, a fu 1 descrip
tion and history of every county in the State, np to the
present year, l&ti. JAMES M. DAVISON.
Land Agent, Augusta, Ga.
August 11,1858. dlwAwtf
PLANTATION FOE SALE
THE subscriber D offering for sale hi* PLANTA
TION in Clay coun.y, Ga., contain ug about 730
teres —about 250 acres cleared, good Dwelling, Gin
House and Screw, all new, and lying on the river about
8 or 9 miles above Fort Gaines
■feW-wtf JAMBS GRIER
SPRIMi IRREK PLI\TITIO\
FOR SALE.
I OFFER for sate my PLANTATION in the 4:h
. district of Fariv county, oontamiog 950 acre*, more
or lean, of oak and hickory Land. About one half of the
above Plantation i* in cultivation. Good framed Negro
Houses, and other buildings, on tne place. Terms as
easy as can be asked.
au-jtKwl./ tin .T TERRELL CRAWFORD.
FOR SALE.
I OFFER for ale, privately, my FARM ca Lime
. Crewk, Montgomery county, Ala , containing e gtt
hundred and lurty res f the best Biack riiough and
Hammock Lands, adjoining the .’am?* cf Dr. T B. Tay.
lor, Henry Lucas*. Mrs. Char lea, and other*. There is
anew and weil linefeed framed Dwelling, with four
rooms, neat kitchen, oiSce and carnage Louse, and a
well of the best free-stone water in the yard, good cribs,
stables mule •he iters, and cabins for M or 40 negroes,
with two well* of water a*, a convenient distance; a
new frame gin house and screw. Three hundred and
forty or fifty acres of the above dc3tribed Farm is
cleared and n a high state cf cultivation, tLe balance is
vroodla .and. On the Farm is one of iLe Artesian
Web 6 in the country. The settlement Is sandy laud,
and one of the bealtniest places in the couuty. ten or
t wolve miles from Ciiett’s Depot on the M ;ctf,cu*ery A
West Point Railroad My wit* wili relinquish her dow
er to the Land (oct2* w4tj KEN.NGN JONES
FOE SALE,
.)OA ACRRHof Oak, Hickory and Pine LAND,
ZOU lying in Colombia rouaty. on the
ofUchee cre**X, abemt 21 miles west if Angusta atd one
mile from the Gc<r<fra Railroad. On the tract there is
about 50 acresof ?.w amp, and about 70 acres cleaned land.
The swamp Hind is w*li t inhered w ith oak aud hickory
Term* may be made known by app iextion to me cn the
premises. (;h aRLES WALBROTT.
If net fold before the first Tuesday in December next,
it wi 1 be ctfered at public sale on mat day at Columbia
C H ocVUt wiit*
SAVANNAH RIVER LAND
IFOR 3ALE.
f |MIE I offer, for hi3 PLAN-
A TATION, lying three miles below Barksdales Fer
rr, on tiie bavannah River :n Lincoln couuty. Geo , con*
taining twelve hundred and three aero*, six hundred
and ninety acres :>f which ;a now In cu Ration, and of
which one hundred is good river bottom, and between
two hundred and ti’’ty und three hundred cleared.
There is between three hundred and four hundred acres
of woodland. Tho place i* v*ry well improved, has a
comfortable Dwelling, a good Gin House aud Screw
and all necessary outbuildings, with a ncvei-f&ihug
Well of first rate water in the yard.
More particniarlar description is deemed unnecessary
in this advertisement. Persona wishing to buy, are re
qnested to me and examiue for themselves. I am
anxious to sell, for the purpose of removing westward,
and will hold out inducements to an ap. roved nurcha^er.
JAMKB L. H EGG IE.
Lincoln Geo , 1858.
Abbcvilte Banner will copy until ordered stop
ped. and forward bill tothisoifice
BANKS!BANKS!LANDS!LANDS!!
4 LAit(l'. quantity of the best Planting and Fartn
lug LANDS in southern Georgia, and elsewhere, in
Tracts of 250 to 2,000 acre* to suit purchasers. Also,
ten to fifteen leagues of select Texas Lands, with clear
titles, is now offering at very low rates at the the Georgia
Land Office, in Augusta.
Bills of the Augusta, Savannah, Athens, and the
Charleston and Hamburg suspended Banks, wil ! beta
ken in payment at par va no. Negroes will be taken al
so, and t he highest cash prices allowed.
Persons desirous of forming settlements, cr making
safe investments, will find it to their interest to call at
our Office, Warren Range, Augusta, Ga.
JAMES M DAVISON,
Land Agent and Real Eutate Broker.
octi7-dlwAwtf
BUSINESS STAND.
subscriber offers for sale or to reut, a largo
1 .STOKE HOUSE and DWELLING combined, with
Kitchen, Stables, & c , in the thriving village of Law
renesville, Gwinnett county, (ia., said to be the boat
st .nd for business iu the village.
ALSO,
About sixty acres of LAND near the said village’, a
few acresof which is under cultivation, and the remain
tier in woodland The whole of which will be told low
for cash, or upon a reasonable credit. Apply to
MADISON L LENOIR, Eq.. Lawrenreville, or to
JOHN K STANFORD,
sep-oawdcfcwtf Clarksville, Ga.
HOLES! HOLES IF
flGll.S has been my theme for these many days. I
1 am devoted to juy constituents and to the trade.
Having married me a wife and bought a Farm, I cannot,
conveniently, be with y u this winter. M / young
friend*, Actipp and Mcßride, will be on hand Ist Janu
ary with sixty oid MULES, for my customers. 1
cheerfully re< ommend them as being ENTIRELY RE
LIABLE. Any favors extended to them will be duly
appreciated by GEORGE T. ALLMAN.
oct22 w4t
( A 11KOI/IX)N
MASONIC INSTITUTE.
JOHN K. LEAK, A. 15., President.
rpt I) E next Term cf this'lnut tntion will open on the
I first WEDNESDAY in JANUARY, 185!>. It i* in
a flourishing condition, numbering a hundred students
the first year. It has a large Buildingaud un able Facul
ty The course of at’ dy ia tboi* ugh, embracing ail that
is usually taught in the Male and Female Colleges. The
society, water and hcalthfulnes* of the locality are un
surpassed in Georgia B aid, £3 per month; Tuition,
reasonable. For ttlriher particulars, address the Presi
dent W. M. MEH KELL, W. M.
J T MWADEU, S. W
B. M. LONG, J W.
Carrollton, Georgia, Oct, 18*58. octl7-w3m
TEACHER WANTED.
A REGULAR College graduate, with satisfactory
references an to qualifications, morality, 4 c., would
find a desirable Situation as Teacher in the Wrights
boro’ Academy. This village is noted for health, fine
.Schools ami well paid Teachers. Applicants for the
Situation would do we 1 to apply soon, to the Trustees
of said school. WM. B KENDRICK, )
VINCENT REES, !■ Tiustees.
T. E. M ASSENGALE, >
Wrlgbtaboro*, On.. Oct. 15 1858 octsiO-wtf
DROPSY CURED.
fltflE undersigned proposes to CURE DROPSY of
1 every description. He can be seen personally five
miles south of Union Point, or addressed by letter to
Union Point, Greene county, Ga. The Medicine can
be sent anywhere by railroad, with directions for
giving it; or, I will attend personally, if request
ed. ami paid for my trouble. 1 will buy Negroes
afflicted with Dropsy, or cure them, as the owner may
prefer Batiafrutory references given, if desired.
MILES O. BROOME.
State of Georgia, Green* county :
This is to certify that my fathor had a negro man af
flictod with Dropsy iu 18511; ho had been treated by se
veral physicians without any cure, wheu he applied to
M G. Broome for his remedy, which cured him. He la
still living, and in good health.
Jan. 21, 1858. HENRY CHAMPION.
Union Point, April 7, 1858.
ap!i-wtianlT9
DRIED PEACHES WANTED.
ritHK i ighoat cash prices paid for DRI ED PEACHES
1 by A. P. BEERS,
Bep22*w2m Commission Merchant, Broad-at.
LEATHER, SHOE FINDINGS,
AND
TANNER’S TOOLS.
NOW receiving. Oak and Hemlock Sole LEATHER
Harness, Skirting, Bridle and Band do.
Picker, Lace and Hollar do.
Patent 8k rtiog, Collar, Dash and Enain’ed do.
Russi t and Black Upper do.
do do Kid SKINS;
French, German and American Calf SKINS ;
French Patent Calf, Kid Calf, and Opera SKINS t
Goat aDd Kid Morocco SKINS ;
L.ning, Topping aud Binding SKINS ;
Buck, Chamois and Sheep SKINS.
ALSO,
Rolling Mills, Peg Jacks, Peg Breaks, Peg Cutters,
Boot Tree*, Crimps, Clamps, Pincers. Shoe Kniv s,
Splitting Knivev, Shaves, Hub stones, Bristles, Eyelets
and Punches, Awl B.ades, Iron aud Woqd Patent Awl
Hafts, Copper Rivets aud Burra, Lace Tacks. Iron,
Zinc aud Copper Sparables, Size Sticks, Measuring
Tap >s, Shoe Thread, Fitting Thread, Silk Twist, Bcot
Cord. Siik Galloon, Boot Web, *fce.
ALSO,
Currying KNIVES, FLE SUERS, FINGER STBMLfi,
BEAM FACES, SLICKERS, BRUSHES, CLEAR
ING STONES, RUB STONES, Ac., TANNERS’
OIL, by the barrel.
For sale by
BHKRMAN,JEStPA CO.,
At the uew aud spacious Iron Front Store, adjoining
the City Bank, a few doors above their old location, aud
nearly opposite the Globe aud United States Hotels.
au2S-dA w3m
LEATHER MACHINE BELTING
AND FACTORY FINDINGS.
PATENT Riveted,Stre’chcd and Cernen ed Leather
BELTING, Single and Double, all widths, tl to 24
inches.) Curried and Stretched by ouraeives.
A large stock always on hand.
ALSO,
Copper RIVET.S and BURRS. WASHERS, RING
TRAVELLERS, ROLLER BRUSHES, STRIPPER
C ARDS. ROLLER CLOTH, PICKERS, Lag LE \TH
KR. Lag SCREWS, and a var ety of FACTORY
FINDINGS
For sale ou accommodating terms by
SHKKfttAX, P CO.,
At the ne * and spacious Iron Front Store, ad;oining
the C.ty Rank, a few doom above their old location, and
nearly opp w.to the Globe and United States Hotels.
au2s-d&w:kn
COMMISSION 1 WAREHOUSE,
AND
PRINTERS’ DEPOT,
FOR THE SALE OF
Writing, l’rintiiiL 1 . Envelope and
COLORED PAPERS, CARDS,
AND
PRINTING MATERIALS.
OF ALL KINDS.
AGENT FOR
L. JOHNSON & CO . TYPE FOUNDERS,
K. HOE & C 0..
AND OTHER PRINTING PRESS MAKERS.
PRINTING INKS, OF BEST QUALITY,
At Manufacturer’s Prices.
TO MERCHANTS.
THE BEOS TO CALL ATTENTION TO HIS
Large Stock of
WRITING AND WRAPPING PAPER
of all kinds, which he will seil very LOW FOR CASH,
or short credit on large sums.
JOSEPH WALKER,
1-iO Medio*-!-*- Clmrlesiou, S. C.
oct2
BAKER & URIGHT,
WHOLESALE GROCERS,
BROAD STREET.
OFFER FOR SALE
-70 bales Gunny CLOTH;
400 colla He mo ROPE; , ™ .
100 bbls. Crushed, Granulated and Stuart s Clari
fied SUGARS;
10 bbls. Stuart * S H SYRUP;
40 N O. DO.;
40 Hhds. Cuba MOLASSES ;
15 Hhds. Prime P R. SUGAR;
15 Hhds. Good Cuba DO.; nnf , Fr „
300 Bags Ro. Laguayra and Java COr* ER ,
3,014) Sacks SALT;
500 Kegs, NAILS, assorted;
100 Boxes TOBACCO; , a n4V
*2OO Boxes Star, Adamantine and Sperm ta.v
DLES;
70 Boxes Family and No. 1 SOAP;
iHj Chests Hyson and Back TEA ;
50,000 Spanish and German CIGARS ; *
Rifle and Biaeting POWDER. SHOT, LEAD. SPICE,
PEPPER, GINGER. SODA, SNUFF, Cedar and Paint-
Bucanrra, measures, brooms, Turner
BACON, he, 4c
_Aiunut*. July *ih, lbsg. jyJS-cdw
LOST.
t \NE NOTE on Mitchel Walden, for *596 52, payable
V I to Jame Fagan, or bearer, given January 1, 12*
and doe one day alter date. All persons are hereby no
tined not to pay the same to an, one bnt myself
mv4 WM HANNAH.
(£|)nsntdc & Srntincl.
Comptrollers Report.
Comptroller General s Office, )
Mifledgeville, Oct. 2*)th, 1858. $
To His Excellency Joseph, E. Brown, Governor .-
Sir: In compliance wi'h the provision of au
of the £Bik of December, 1843 I ld.ve the honor to
iay before your Excellency a statement of the re
ceipts and disbursement* at the Treasury during the
ticca’, year of 1858, showing o balance in the Treas
urv at the end of the vear, of $455,V*24 29.
Os Ibis balance, $455,924 29, is bow in the Treas
ury. there is, however, unavailable, the sum cf
$325,561, consisting of the following items, viz :
Hand Stock, (Education Fund.) $. ? 9i),900 03
Stock in Milled evilfo fe G. xL li., 20,000 (HI
Darien Hank Bills, 2,237 25
Western Atlantic Railroad Scrip, 4,784 75
Uncurrent funds, 7,642 00
Total, $325,564 00
Leaving an available balance in the Treasury of
$l3O 300 05 to meet the balance unpaid on the ap
propriations for 1853, amounting to the sum of
$110.369 65. There wa a an available balance in
the Treadary on the 20th October, 1857, of $112,-
262 16, to meet appropriations unpaid, amounting
to $31,111 36; leaving the sum of $28,151 80, as a
balance iu the Treasury after paying all the appro
priations for 1857.
An abstract from the books of this office, accom
panics this report a3 required by an act of the 23i
of December, 1839, setting forth the amounts cf the
general appropriations, both common and special,
under their respective heads: The dates and
amounts of warrants approved : In whose favor
drawn; and, the balance undrawn of each appro
priation.
Aod a3 required by act of the 26th December,
1821, an exhibit i3 herewith submitted, showing the
amount cf taxes with which the inhabitants of each
county in the State stands charged in the digests
returned to this office by the several Receivers of
Tax Returns, for the year 1858, from which it ap
pears that the tax assessed amounts, intheaggre
gate, to the sum of $441,965 F6.
Receipts and Disbursements of Ike Treasury.
Os the Receipts into the Treasury during the fis
cal year, 1858, there was received :
On account ot the General Tax, 1857..5390,897 2
Net earnings W. &. A. Railroad 200,000 0
Hank tax 31,120 1
From Hank dividends 29,575 0
Railroad tar 6,204 9
From miscellaneous items, (a more fail
account of which w ill be found in au
otherpart of this report) 5,775 8.8
Sale of bonds to the Atlantic and Gulf
Railroad 160,000 00
Total Receipts
Add to this, balance available funds in
the treasury 21st October, 1857 112,262 1G
A;id we have & total fund of, $875,8-35 29
Os the disbursements of the Treasury during the
same time, there has been paid :
On account of Civil establishment. 1857. $16,996 00
Contingent fund, 1857... 2,182 82
Printing fund, 1857 1,715 57
Poor School fund, 1857.. 30,604 00
Spec’l appropriates, ’57. 750 47
Civil establishment. 1858. 40,205 36
Contingent fund, 1858... 8,181 70
Printing fund, 1858 18,419 85
Overpayments, 1858.... 2,054 57
For pay of members and officers of the
Legislature 114,242 25
For reduction of the public debt 40,722 22
For interest ou public debt, &c 161.990 83
For subscription*to A&.G. R K 100,000 00
For Lunatic Asylum—for building 57,500 00
“ “ “ for furniture 5,000 00
“ “ 44 for support of
pauper patients. 15,000 00
“ 44 “ fcr salary of su
perintendent.. .. 1,800 00
“ “ for eal. of officers
and servants.... 9,412 50
For Deaf and Dumb Asylum—for sup
port of pupils 8,000 00
For Academy for the blind—for build’s. 15,000 00
For “ “ 44 for support
of pupils.. 4,500 00
For Ga. Military Institute—lor support
of cadets.. 2,000 00
For Savannah Medical College—for
buildings, &c 15,000 00
For Atlanta Medical College—for d0... 15,000 00
For Penitentiary—for pur. of provisions. 2,509 00
For other m’scell&neous appropriations,
which will be seen in an abstract ac
companying this report, amounting iu
all to 57,706 50
Total $745,474 64
While the demands upon the Treasury for the
fiscal year: 1858, ia $137,688 71 1 more than were
the demands upon the during the fiscal
year, 1857, etill the receipts iuto the Treasury (not
including the proceeds of the. sale of Slate bonds)
from all sources, except the Western and Atlantic
Railroad, have been $23,447 60 less than they were
in 1857. The reasun for this is: Ist. most of the
old tax claims that were worth anything, were col
lected last year; aud 2dly, there was received in
1858, $11,332 68, less from the general tax of 1857,
than was received in 1857 from the general tax of
1856. ihe increased receipts from the Western and
Atlantic Railroad being this year $91,500 more
than that of last year. The payment into the
Treasury in 1857 from the road being $108,500.
It will therofore be seen that, but for the montlhy
incomes into the State Treasury this year, from the
net earnings of the Western and Atlantic Rtilroad,
the State cou'd not have tret the ordinary expenses
of government, reduced the public debt and paid
the interes's ou the same as it became due, and met
the large appropriations of the last Legislature to the
Lunatic Asylum, Academy for the blind, Medical
Colleges, &e , tec., as they have been called tor,
without temporarily borrowing money for this pur
pose. As it is, all demands have been promptly met,
and there is an abundant surplus—and with the
taxes lor 1858, now coming in, and with further an
ticipated receipts from the railroad this surplus
will continue to increase from day to day.
There is still due to the AUautic and Gulf Rail
road Company the sum of $400,600 ; (and the State
is bound for a further subscription of $500,000 more,
when the private stockholders raise an additional
$666,066) ; but tbe act of inciting tLo State s sub
ecripiiou to this work, provided also tor the ießue of
State six per cent, buutis, payable at the expiration
of twenty years, in the event of there not being
money in the Treasury to meet the installments us
they are called fur; consequently, this subscription
has been charged to the Treasury only as the bends
have been issued and sold to tha company.
Having thus dwelt upon and exhibited the ope
rations of cur B;ata government, financially, for the
past twelve months, 1 will now turn with greater
pleasure to the future, ensuing fiscal year, as it ex
hibits the financial affairs of Georgia iu a still more
flourishing and flattering condition.
With almost nominal State tax* it being but
three-fourths of a mill on the dollar or seventy-Jire
rents on the one thousand dollars, on ali property in
Georgia—except bank and railroad capital—we
shall rake for the ensuing fiscal year, at least $‘475,-
666. Judging from [be past eight months, aud if
the Superintendent cf the Western and Atlantic
RaiUoad be not greatly mistaken, eqid rpad will
pav into the State Treasury, aa net earnings, at
least $366,660 annually. Add to this the bank tax
of 31,120 11; the dividends from bank stock, 29,-
575 66; the tax on railroads, 6,204 94; and from
miscellaneous items, $5,775 88, and we will have
an income of $749,675 82. While on the other
hard it is not at all probable that the extraordinary
appropriations for 1059, will fie as large as they were
this year by $156,600. The Lunatic Acad
emy for the R ind, Georgia Military Institute, and
Medical Colleges of Savannah a-id Atlanta, having
been provided for to a liberal extent, it is not sup
posed that much m, re, if any, will be asked for to
complete their buildings, &.<)., &c. This being the
c se, it will be seen that there wilt be a large sur
plus at the end of the year, to be applied to the re
duction of the Public D=bl, to Education, or to any
other purppse the ispr?sentatives of the people may
think proper.
Assuming, then, that toe ordinary receipts into
the Treasury for the fiscal y ear 1859, w jil be as fol
lows, viz;
From General Tax $575,600 po
Net earnings of W. & A. Railroad...,. 306,000 66
Rank tax 31,120 11
Bank dividends 29,575 60
Railroad tax
Misoeiianeous items -• 5,, <5 88
Bal.aUer paying Appropriations 1858, 20,215 22
Total - 70,921 01
The demand upon the Treasury for the Batne year,
will approximate as follows, viz;
Topay M embers of the Legislature....sloo,ooo 00
“ Civil Establishment, 1859..,,,, 70,000 1)0
“ Contingent Fund, 1859--...... 14,000 00
“ Printing Fund, 1859 94,000 (W
“ Poor School Fund, 1858 29,575 00
I Reduction of Public Debt 45,000 00
Interegton Public Debt........ 170,100 00
“ support of pauper patients, Lu
natic Asylum - 15,000 00
“ salary of Superintendent, Lu
natic Asylum ipW i'W
“ salary of other officers and ser
vants, Lunatic Asylum.. 10,000 00
- 1 support of pupils, Deaf and
Dumb A 3 yl ua3 * 8,000 00
“ support of pupils, Academy for
the Blind ............... 4,500 00
support of cadets Ga. Military
Institute 2,000 00
“ purchase of provisions for Peni
tentiary. 2,500 00
“ salary of Chaplain, Penitentiary 150 00
State Library—for purchase of books, 1,000 00
“ “ for salary cf Librarian, (500 00
Military Storekeeper at ‘Savannah htlu Oil
-- .- atMUledgevilie... 150 00
For extraordinary appropriations, say 50,000 00
Total ~, ~5548,575 00
It will thus be seen that alter meeting the ordina
ry demands upon the treasury, and reducing the
public debt $45,000, and allowing $50,000 for mis
cellaneous or extraordinary appropriations, there
will be a eurplus of $221,350 di to apply to a
further reduction of the Public Debt, to ii duration,
or to any other purpose the next Legialature may
direct.
Except the Donas issued, (bearing 7 per cent.) to
pay the liabilities of the Central Bank, amounting
m all now tos24l,<Wo, hiid which are annually fall
ing due in comparatively email sums, there will be
no Stale bonds due eoc-nsr than 1862. There are,
however, f JKr.‘ 500 of State Bonds issued in iefi,
• for the benefit of the railroad, and not due until 1803
and IS6B. but the Stane in issuing them having re
served to itself the right to rpdetm them and nop
inter ex! at any time alter ten years, these bonds can
now be redeemed at any time the State ehoges to do
80. There arc also $200,000 7 per cent, bonds, is
sued in 1552, to pay for railroad iron—$100,000 are
cue in 1802, and the State also reserved to itself the
right to redeem the sJuuduo m 1802, if it desires to
do 60.
The Public Debt.
So far as 1 can discover front the Treasurer s re
port and"the various Acts of the Legislature, the
public debt, in bonds, now amounts to $2,631,000,
which will be increased to $3,051/)00. (unless before
Son.—With the alight glance I have been able w
give the late Tax Acts, within my reach, of several
Southern States, I find, that in South Carolma upon
i.-a. in titles, towns, villages, boroughs. 4t. the tax is
lit cents on the 8100, and upon ether lands it is to cents
oothe SIOO, and dares pay 70 cents per head. In Ken
tucky real and personal estate is taxed at 17 cents oc
the 8100 In Texas, 12j sects on the SIOO. In Jlissis
stnot le cents on the SIOO on laud, 20 cents oo money,
■I. ...a 40 eenu on each slave la Arkansas. 16: cents
~77. e giuo. in F-orida. 16: cents on the BUXh in Vir
ginia. 40 centa cn the SIOO on real and pereetui estate
iid *i SO cents on eaMi slave. In Alabama, SO
re ts on the SU on real *““ “ and otil “ prop.rty, 50
”„ „„ , h . aiuO on mcney at .merest, and an average
of £ms> •* slave, (those between 15 and 90
years Osage being *1 d‘ eneh..) While in Georgia, the
■ax on land, and on slaves, and other prope ty, (except
Beak and Railroad capita. ? is now bnt 7 f cents on the
el Jjf will therefore be seen, that while tin per cent tax
in Sooth Carolina ami Texas is near double that of Geor
gia the per cent of the other States named are mom tfcan
doable that of Georgia, and in A.abama, it is nearly
three times larger, while in Virginia, upon real and per
sonal estate, it is more than five times larger than in
Ohio, the per eesth, 31 cents on the s*oo, is four
times larger, and in Illinois, the per cent, tax, 67 cents
en the SIOO, U nearly -line taut more than it is Georgia
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, NOVEMBER 4, 1858.
j reduced.) when the remainder ($900,000) o■ the
j bonds for subscription to the Atlantic an*. Guif
Railroad are issued. Ths following will tjs
character, and the am uota of the various bonds,
and when due, viz :
Due in 1859, 7 per ct. Central bank bonds, s4;> 000
Due in 1860, F “ 44 “ “
Due iu 1861, “ *• “ “ I.OW
Da* in 1862. “ “ “ “
Due ia 18W, “ “ “ j?;’ “
Dae in 1864, “ “ “ “ ‘- ™
Other State Bonds for Railroads. l\-c.
Dae in 1862. 7 percent
Due iu 1862, fi “
Dae in 1863, 6 “ l, r •_’ 1 ™
Due in I*os, 6 “ „
Dae in 1868, ti “ 216,50
Dae in 1868, 5 “ sterling bond3
Dae in 1869, 6 *•
Dae in 1870, 6 “ l^^O
Dae ia 1871, 7 “ lb 7C^
Due ia 1872, 7 “ 1W,<50
Dae ia 1872, 6 “ 620,060
Dae in IS?J. 6 “ 180,000
Due in 1574, 7 “ 181,00
Dae in 1874, 6 “ 88>jJ*®
Due ia 1878, 6 “ for A. & U li. K-. 100,000
$.•.631,000
To be issued, payable 20 years after date. - 900,000
Taxon Foreign Rank Agencies.
The Legislature of leoG altered the law in rela
tion to the return of foreign bank agencies, and the
collection of the taxes from the same The previous
law required a foreign baDk agent to “make a re
turn on oath to the Treasurer eftte highest amouDt
of louus oa paper discounted, and exchange pur
chased by him and running to maturity at any one
time during the twelve moeths immediately pre
ceding such returns,’’ and it further required such
agent to pay into the treasury, free ot all cost or
charge whatever, the eame rate of tax upon one
third of such highest amount so returned by him
aforesaid, as is now imposed or may herealter be
imposed by law upon the chartered banks of this
Slate. The act of the Legislature of 18.76 requires
nil foreign bank agents to ‘ giv i in on oath to th*
Receiver of Taxablea for the county wherein said
agent or employee may reside or spjaurn, whenever
called upon so to do, a just and true statement or ex
hibit of the amount in coin, bills, notes, drafts and
checks, used and employed by him during the last
preceding quarter, which amount so given in shall
be handed over by the Receiver to ihe Tax Collec
tor, of said county, whose duty it shall be to collect
as other taxes are collected, nine and three-fourths
cents on each hundred dollars so given in and re
turned, estimating bids, notes, drafts and checks as
money.” As the previous law only placed foreign
bank agencies upon a footiag with other banks of
tbe State in the way of taxation. I presume that it
was the intention of the L-gislature ot 18.76 to in
crease the tax on foreign bank agencies. Instead of
its doing this, it actually decreased the Strfte tax on
foreign bauk capital 25 per cent, besides the State
having to pay ail cost of collection, ortho Ksceiv
er’s and Collector's commissions, which it did not do
before.
It is true, that this Act of 18.76 did incroass the
tax on foreign bank capital, by requiring its agents
to give iu to the Tax Receiver thereby liviug it
liable to a county tax, and in this way, iu Musco
gee county, foreign banks have been required pay
75 to 100 per cent, on the tax of former years—still
it seems to be clear to my mind that they do not pay
the State by 25 per cent as much as the Stn e banks
—rating three months business of a foreign bank
agency equal to the capital stock paid in of the
State banks—the latter paying into the treasury,
free of cost to the State 39 cents on the SIOO, while
the former pays but 29.25 on the one SIOO ; and ths
State paying Receivers’ and Collectors’ commis
sions. 11, therefore, it be the desire of the repre
sentatives of the people to raise a revenue from the
operations of foreign bauk agencies in this State. I
would respectluliy suggest the repeal of the Act
1856, and the re-enactment of the former, or the en
actment of a similar law, with a heavy penalty an
nexed for a failure ou tbe part, of said agents to
make a return to the State tre&iury—one half to
the informer.
Tax on Railroads.
I deem it proper to oah tbe attention of the Legis
lature to the provisions of the Act approved Fe
bruary )8, 1854, in relation to the tax impoaed‘‘up
on the several railroad companies in this State,”
not previously taxed. The provision of the Act
leaus thus :
“ And be it farther enacted, That upon the seve
ral railroad companies iu this State, now in opera
tion, or that may hereafter go into operation, whose
charter does not exempt them Irom such taxation,
there shall be levied aud collected, in the mumier
uow prescribed by law for the collection of taxes
from corporations, the same per centum tax upon
the whole amount of their capital stock, including
bills, bonds, notes, and all other obligations due or
to become due thereon, as is levied upon the etock
in trade, under the provisions of the laws of force
for the levying and collecting of taxes for the sup
port of the government.”
15y eloaeiy looking at this provision—and when
the lact is staled thai some corporations, such as
our Btate banks, and several railroads are required
by law to make their re turn dim tly to tbe ol ate
Treasurer, and pay their taxes to him free of cost
to tbe State, while other corporations, such as man
ufaeturera, mining companies, and other iomtstock
companies and foreign bank agencies are required
to return to the Receiver aud pay to the Collector
—the act is rather obscure and makes it. rather un
ceitain, a3 to who is authorized or called upon to
demand aud collect thia tax. Rut, obaerviug that
some railroad companies paid taxes regularly, while
“ several” others, “ now in operation,’’ did not, aud
among this number were the Southwestern Rail
road, the Museogeo Road, the Augusta aud Waynes
boro’ Road aud Rome Road, 1 was induced to in
vestigate the matter. Aud believing, that under
this act, if ihe authority to demand and colleot Uii
tax rested anywhere particularly, it was with
the Treasurer, I called his attention to tiie matter, and
advised him to open a correspondence with these
companies upon the subject. Ho did so, and the
result presents such a state of things, that the
Treasurer has thought it best to await the advice,
or further action ot the ensuing Legislature, before
funner attempting to collect the lax trom these
companies. K. R. Cuyler, Esq., President of the
ISoutn western Company, answers for said Company,
and;bjecls to paying any tax ou said Road :
Ist. iiecause he does not think that, by this act,
the Legislature has taxed the Southwestern Rail
road.
2d. That it has not been tiie policy of the S’ate
heretofore, to tax railroads unt.l they are finished,
and that the South-Western Railroad is not finished,
Jj* c. That railroads have heretofore been taxed by
special Act, and although the Central aud Georgia
Roads were finished in 1843, still were not taxed
until 18j0. And because,
3d. He does not think the Act of 1854 operates
upon the South-Western Railroad, because its
“uet_annual iucomaa” is to be taxod by its charter,
and uot its capital stock, &.c.
Iu addition to the argument here given against
tbe collection of this tax, a further investigation
presented ope which is .deemed much stronger than
ail ot the above, and that may perhaps prevent
this Act of 1851, operating upon three of these
roads, and it is this : This Act says the “same per
centum tax” “shall be levied upon the “capital
stock” of “all railroads now in operation, or that
may herealter go into operation, whose charters do
not exempt them from such taxation,” “as is levied
upon stock and trade,” Sec., “for the support of
government.” This tax for the last three years has
peep 9 cents ou the $lO6, aud this year 8 cents on
the SI6U. Now the charter of the South-Western
Railroad says, “that ihe spid Railway and its ap
purtenances, and all property therewith connected,
shall not be subject to be taxed higher than one
half of one per cent upon its annual net income.”—
The charter of the Augusta &. Waynesboro’ Road
says, “that the said Railroad and the property of
said company shall- not be taxed higher than one
halt of one per cent on its net annual income,” &c..
And the charter of the M uac °g ee Railroad says,
“that the capital etock of the said Raiiroad Com
pany shat} not be tajed by [he State higher than
one-halt cf one percent fipon itp not income, nor
shall nay other tax be levied or collected op the
Block ot said Company. 1 ’ Upon estimating the
amount of tax at nine eents on the $lO6 of the capi
tal etock, dto., of these several railroads, aud com
paring it with v.'hat would be the tax at “one half
of one per cent on their net annual income,” it ap
pears that the tax levied by this Act of 1854 is
htgfer than the amount authorized by the charter
ot these companies to be levied upon them—and
hence the question aj’isps, “do not the ‘charters’ of
these i omp'auies exempt thep) from such taxation V
I therefore submit this subject for the considera
tion of: he L,eisiaiure, bo In as to the past and [tie
future. And if the Legislature intend tfiat these
and other railroad companies shall be taxed—as it
would “curtail the expenses of collection, ’’ Ac . I
would respectfully suggest that all raiiroad compa
nies be required to make their returns to the Trea
surer, und to pay their taxes into the treasury, in
the same manner as required ot banks and other
raiiroad companies noy taxc^
Tap on l.o.Leras.
While banks, both State and foreign, and rail
roade are required to pay a specific and extra tax,
there is an interest cOV recognized by law in this
Slate, thatjirobably makes much more money to
the capitai'employed than any other interest, that,
pays no tax at ail, as far as 1 can discover. I al
lude to the lottery interest, I can eee no reason
why lotteries are so highly lavored. Il they be cal
culated to develops the resources cf the State, in
crease its veaUb op oopuiation, or promote honest
industry, thesegoodxetulta b.sye not yet been seen
by me. Surely then, a good tax might to be paid
into the treasury bv those who manage and edricb
themselves with them. The tax on Lotteries ought
best be collected and secured, by a specific tax on
each Manager of Lotteries authorized by the State,
and on each Asreut of Lotteries not authorized by
the laws of Georgia.
Tax on Insurance Companies.
Neither have I been able to diecover w here In
surance companies, either domestic or foreign, pay
any tax igto the Mate treasury. They ought to pay
a tax at least upon their capital, or net profits made
in this State. Other States ta; insurance Compa
nies, and especially Foreign Insurance Companies.
I can see no reason why they should be exempt
from taxation in Georgia.
Tax pn Money dfc., loaned out of the State.
If I understand tbs present tax law correctly, it
is upon the ad valorem principle, end every citizen
is required to pay tax upon all property i>e holds
and is in possession of, in this State, except such as
is eapstially exempted from taxation. (This appears
to be the gi-neffd understanding of the law, Ibe
lieve, and most persons give in all their property
and pay their tax accordingly. There are some,
however, who do not seem so to understand the
law. and holding notes, bonds or other obligations
for money on persons in other States, or bonds of
tie tiniteji States, or of other States, or bonds of
corporations of ccher Slates, and shipping at sea,
Ac., Ac., who do not give in aeid assets and pay
tax on the same. I cannot but inlng the present
tax law was designed and is intended to include ail
these assets in these taxable* to be returned. If
the Legislature concurs with me in this construc
tion. I would respectfully suggest not only a de
caratory amendment, but also an alteration of the
oath of tax payers, so as to distinctly include this
class of assets in the returns to be made. If this
construction here given be not a correct one, it
would csen that the State encourages (in its taxa
tion) its cituens tp remove their capital and invest
it in other States, ratner than keeping it at home
and investing it here. This wonid be rather a novel
position for a State to occupy.
fax on nominal states and slaves permitted to
kire their oirn time.
I deem it proper to report (hat the provirions of
an Act of 1809, imposing a penalty or tax of $l5O
on nominal slaves, and a tax of SIOO for ntgioes
biripg their own time, are not and never have been
carried ocf heretofore, and only partially carried
ont this year, and that they need amendment, and
ought to be more explicit and stringent, or they
ought obe repealed. But two nominal slaves, and
three slaves hiring their time have been returned
this ye.r while there is little dosbt bnt that there
are hundreds of nominal slaves in the State, that
would pay the usual free negro tax of $5 or a little
more were they so taxed, sod there aru some, save
these mentioned, returned, notwithstanding I hare
called the attention of Receivers especially to this
Act. If it war the intention of the Legislature to
lessen the number of nominal slaves, or to drive
them from the State, I doubt mach whether this Act
has had the slightest effect, while on the other hand,
I have no doubt but that it has had the effect of re
ducing the revenue from this class of inhabitants
considerably. Toe provision of the same Act in
relation to slaves hiring their time being equally
inefficient, thus fv, in promoting any good purpose.
Return of Tax Payers by Justins of the Peace
to the iteceirers of Tax Returns.
Frequent complain s have been mad* to this of
lice by Tsx Receivers in relation to Justices ot the
Peace rot returning ihe tax payers in their districts
to the Receiver, as the law directs. It is alleged
that in some districts in some of the oid counties,
(in consequence of their beiDE no actiog Justice 1
this duty is wholly neglected. Tbe Act of 1847
makes it the “duty of the Justices of the Peace in
each Captain 6 district ip this State to make retnrns
to the Receiver of Tax Returns cf ali prrs ms liable
t) pay taxes in their respective districts, on or be
fore the first of May, in each and every vear.” But
there is n* penalty annexed for a lai'iare to dis
charge this duty. The provision of th* Act of 180-1
which was repealed by the Act of 1847. required
the •'Cf'mmandmgofficer” in each Caotaia’sdislrint,
to make his return, with a fine of s3’j for each refu
sal or neglect to do so.
A Digest of the Tax Rates.
I cannot but think the public interest, in relation
to the collectiou of taxes, would be greatly promo
ted by having the various tax laws codified cr
brought iuto a smaller space and more convenient
form, by some proper person, and pamphlets of the
same sent out to each Receiver and Collector, as
the digest and instructions to return property, ’and
orders to collect the taxes, are sent out to these
officers The persons usually elected totheseiflises
are neither lawyers, or fami’iar with law books, nor
are they usually highly educated men, but they are
generally piain, honest citizens, with common edu
cation, and anxious to discharge their du'ies so far
as they are informed as to them. At present, they
have to wade thr ugh upwards of forty pages of
T. R. It Cobb’s Digest, besides hunting up and ex
amining the pamphlet laws since 1850, to learn
their whole duty. When this is considered, and it
is understood that some olithe law3 conflict, aud
o'.berE s*em to-coufl et, it is not to be supposed that
m uy of them are correctly posted as to the lans
they are elected to carry out.
For several years previous to my coming into
office, the Receivers had bat limited inetruclicns, in
the circulars sent to them from this office, and ihe
Collectors had nme, except an “order,” informing
them as to cent, levied, and a general dirto
t.on, so “proceed tb collect tax cf your county, in
accordance _ with the above older.” The result
was, in the first place, the tax digests were not on v
quite imperfectly, but. not at all uniformly made
cut. And in the second piece, at least very little
regard was paid to the law as to the time at which
payments were to be made to the treasury, and
/iarrf settlements at the treasury and this office were
to be made. As appeared by a report of a solect
committee ot the last Legislature, many were not
made out at all. /-Instead of all or nearly all of the
tax money being paid into the treasury at the time
specified by law, in the years of 1854 and 1855, not
one-half was so paid in. Consequently, last year I
determined to issue more full instructions, in my
circulars to both Receivers and Collectors, and to
notify them in advance, that 1 intended white in
office, to adhere strictly to the laic inysetf, and that
i expected them to do the same. And the results
have been, that the tax digests returned to this
office, have not only been more intelligibly aud
uniformly made out, but the Collectors have been
greatly more prompt in paying the taxes into the
treasury and making their- final settlements at this
ollhe. Instead of not one-halt of ibis tax being paid
iuto the treasury on the day- required bv law, as
was tbe case in 1851 and 1855, seven-eighths ot Ihe
lax of 1856 was paid in, within ten davs after the
time prescribed by law, sud by the loth of April
every cent was paid into the trcasuiy, aud all ac
counts closed up, including those of defaulting Col
lector,i and where fi. fas. were issued; and this
year 1 hope for still greater promptness. Aud in
stead ot there being now 47 collector’s accounts, of
the past two years unsettled, us was the case im
mediately preceding when I came into office, there
is not one for 1855 aud 1856, but what has been set
tled in full, aud the money long since paid into the
treasury.
Rut there would be other advaulages arising from
having the tax laws in the form BUggcstea ad
thereby enabling the Receivers to be better inform
ed as to them. It will prevent them from being
misled by interested, and designing, or ignorant
parties, while giving in taxable property. With all
the tax laws properly digested, and under appropri
ate heads and put in a pamphlet form, he would
always have his duties dearly defined, with him
aud iu case ot any doubt orditlicully he could read
ily refer to the law fitting the case. Under these
circumstances, (and with Ui favorable results abu
iuded to, in relation to my experiment.) I cannot
but think that if this suggestion is carried out, it
will “insure a more prompt, and faithlul execution
of the revenue laws.”
Iu addition to the suggestions above, made last
year, further experience and observation induces
me to make others. First then, as to
The mode of giving in Taxes.
Notwithstanding the present Tax act is clear and
explicit, and directs that an oath shall be adminis
tered to each Tax payer, upon his rendering to the
Receiver an account of his property, &0., still I
learn from Tax Receivers, that there has been a
growing practice in Georgia, which has in many in
stances, nullified the requirement of the law. I al
lude to the practice of one person swearing for him
self, andgiving in his own property, then giving in
the property ot his neighbor or friend, without know
ing auy thiug about it himself, but merely upon their
‘say so,’ or memorandum or schedule, lurnishad by
his neighbor or friend. In the early part of this
year, having been written to by Tax Receivers to
know my opinion as to the legality of lltls practice,
as a reply to ali , iu my circular to the Receivers of
Tax Returns ot the 14th March last, I gave them
the following, viz:
“ I have been bked, if, under the present Tax
Act, one person can swear for and give in property,
&c., of another pereon ? My reply is, that as the
law now stands, 1 do net think that any one can le
gally swear lor another, unless he was bona fide,
and iu tact, an Agent ( n the Ist of April, or unless
he is iu fact an Agent, or controls the property at
the time of giving in by proxy. A tax payer, how
ever, can go before some proper person, autho
rized to administer an oath, and lie can there
make cut his schedule and take the tax oath, and
wi eu ho does this and sends you tbe schedule and
oath together, you can enter the same, just as if he
gave in to you in person. Hut I don’t think the
law authorizes any other mode of giving in by
proxy.’’
But this ia only my opinion as to the mode of
receiving taxablts, and was given as such only. I
do not know that 1 have any authority to enforce
this opinion, even had I been made aware that any
Receiver had disregarded it, after it was given.—
While I am satisfied lhat the practice above alluded
to has resulted more from a disposition on the part
of Tax Receivers, to give the tax payeis, generally
as little trouble as possible ; still it opens the door
widely for improper leturns. Under it, all that a*
person has to dd, who does not wish to swear false
ly, is to avoid meeting with the Tax Receiver, and
then send his memorandum or schedule by some
friend. Apart from this inode, opening the door
for improper returns, 1 can see no equality or jus
tice in requiring one mau to return his property un
der oath, and permitting another to return it through
his neighbor or friend, by n memorandum or
schedule, without an oath. If, therefore, the Le
gislature thinks the practice here alluded to a
bad one, perhaps an amendment of the present
Tax Act in relation to this matter, may have a good
c-ffect.
Want of Uniformity in the Yalue of Property.
By referring to table ‘A,’ accompanying this re
port, it will be seen that there ia any thing but
uniformity in the value of slaves and land, in the
different counties, iu the same section or localities
ot the State, and ndetd, throughout ihe State ;
and the presumption is, that the same want of uni
formity of valuation exists as to other property.—
Individual cases, in the various counties, show a
still greater difference in the value of property,
which :s more clearly shown in the return of slaves,
than in the return of other property. There is very
little real difference in the average value between
different families or plantations of s*aves. Still, iu
some instances we find in ihe same county, where
a tax payer returns hU 25 or 30 slaves, or more, at
an average value of over S6OO, while another re
turns, perhaps a similar lot at an average value of
only a little over S3OO per head. Again, as to land;
some return their laud at what it cost them, while,
perhaps, they could readily sell it soy double or
more than double of what they gave for it. \Vhi}e,
again, if I have not been misinformed, others have
given in wild lots at $5, because it only coit them
that, while they Lave refused to take SSOO or more
tor the same. These cases ought to be reached, if
possible, otherwise than by the present law, which
authorises an informer to prosecute for fraudulent
returns. While the Supreme Court pronounces
this an excellent law, and one of the beat in Craw
ford and Mar berry’s Digest, still, the repugnance
on thp paj-t pf maDy to become informers is such,
that :t does not ansyer effectually the purpose in
tended. ittost oi the States have Aieessors ; wfcila
others have Supervisors in each county, who, after
the Receiver ot Taxablea has closed his bock, and
before he sends it to the Comptroller or Auditor,
revises the same, and if a tax payer is charged with
too much properly, or too high a valuation, it i3 re
duced ; or if he is not charged with enough proper
ty, or the valuation be not correct, the same is in-
Jf, therefore, the Legislature does no
J would respectfully suggest that the pi?osent
tax lawß be so amended, a3 to provide that, where
a receiver and tax payer differ as to the amount
or valuation of property returned, the Inferior
pourts or the C.erk of the Superior, and Inferior
Courts and iebenff, together, be authorized, upon
application by the Receiver, to appoint two suitable
persons to make the assessment anti decide the
matter.
Tax on Goods brought into the State for sale , $c ,
and other Miscellaneous subjects of Taxation,
There is no efficient law now in force, to eecure
the State Tax on goods brought into the for
immediate sale , by, or owned by, non-residents and
others, (not regular merchants,) ajter the first of
April in each year. It is not only right and proper
that these gocd3 should pay a S:ate Tax, but it ia
also due the regular merchants, who pays his pro
portion of tax towards the support of government,
that these transient merchants , should also be tax
ed for the privileges and benefits they alike enjoy
in our State. And connected with this branen of
taxation, I will here take occasion to say, that I
cannot find any evidence on the Tax Digest, or the
Hooka ia this office, where Auctioneers pay any
State Tax upon the sales they make during the
year. For the pinpose, therefore, of mcro 3ure!y
Becuring the State Tax from these parties, (and at
the same time avoid making the Receivers’ aud
Collectors’ digests cumbersome.) a supplemental
Tax Act might be passed making it the duty of the
Sheriffs in each county to collect the Tax from these
parties, and also collect a specific Tx on Theatres,
Circuses, Showmen, &c. Toe Sheriff, by or on a
certain day in each year, being required under
oath, to make his return and pay to the State Trea
surer, the amount so collected.
Statistics of Taxablcs in Georgia, for 1858.
Accompanying thia report wiii be round statisti
cal tables marked ‘A.’ ‘B,’ 4 C/ and f D,’ containing
the number ot Bolls, Professions, Free Persons es
coior, the number of slaves and their valus, end the
number of acres of iand and their value, together
with various other items of taxable property return
ed on the Tax books for me year ißaa, and also me
total amount returned from each county in the year
13 j 7. The making out these tables is not required,
offi.ially, of the Comptroller General, and ought not
to be, without showing him a Clerk. But, believ
ing that they will be found interacting and valuable
to legislators, Iv- some expense ana trouble
again prepared them, and submit them with this re
port. It will be seen that notwithstanding the fi
nancial panic o: last fall and winter, Georgia is still
prosperous and fast increasing in wealth and re
sources—the increased returns of 1858 over 1857 be
jt wm aiso oe aeeu mai notwitn
standine this money pressure, by the Ist of April,
1858 the value of slaves was larger than the ave
nure vtdne on tbe Ist of April 1857-the average
v£fue this vear being $526 29, while last year it was
.-,-’4 97 The sT=rage vaine of land pr acre
last yer ; It wiU
Sso be perceived that while there ts an increased
rnom to the namber of slaves and number of acres
of land and an increased value on the same, and
also an tocreassd return ofmoney andsolyentdebte,
ciiv and town property, household and k.tchen for-
Dit ire over s3fc, and other property not enumera
ted &c., therds at the same time a decreased re
turn to mercbmdise, foreign bank capital, capital
employed to slipping and tonnage, capital in manu
‘actorie* dec a greater decrease in the latter item
than any’otter There U also a slight decrease in
the number of polls from last year, which clearly
shows that the lax Receivers in many of the coun
ties have not poked cioeely after the poll tax. Lpon
the supposition that the population of Georgia has
increased to tie same ratio since 1850 that it did
from 1840 to ®56, there ought to be returned this
year 110.000 or 115 600 polls instead of 97,048. And
upon the same calculation there ought to be about
50,000 more daves to the State than are returned on
the Tax Rooks for 18o>, Then, uncu the f itpposi
tion that there are over 40,606,666 acres of laud in
Georgia, there are between 6,060,006 and 7,666,006
acres not returned this year. These two items of
slaves and land, not c.lurried, would amount
about to about $56,000,066 at the prerent returned
value of slaves and iand. Therefore, I cannot but
conclude that there were a uniform and fair valua
tion of alt the property in Georgia at this lime, aud
were these two items returned in full, the value
of the taxable property returned on the Tax Digest in
1858 would be in tb# neighborhood of $1150.666,000,
inriead of the pres“ut return of $539,155,111. Os
course the $31,660,009 Bonk and Railroad Capital is
uot included in this estimate. •
Iu my last annual Report, I suggested that the
Legislature would do well to adopt sotns mode by
which all the wild lands ia Georgia should pay a
State Tax, end especially those belonging to non
residents upon which no te.x is paid. As nothing
was don* by the last Legislator* m relation to this
matter, th% subject is again alluded to, with the
hope that the wisdom of the Legislature may adopt
some effioient mode to accomplish so good au ob
ject.
The return ou the Tux Digest for 1857 and 18.78
shows tbe following result:
Returns far 1557. *
Rolls 97,149
Professions 2 510
Free Persons of color 1,076
23,28.7,669 acres of land valued at $136 681,959
426,566 slaves 223 939,723
Money aud solvent debts 83 895,461
City or Town property 36,637,661
Foreign Bank Capital 1,664,932
Capital employed in shipping and ton
r.age 856,510
Capita! employed in Manufactories &c. 1,651,060
Household and KUchen furniture over
$366 2,019,602
Merchandise 11,831.899
Olher property no; enumerated 33,856,815
Aggregate value of whole pr0perty..5527,828,963
Returns for 1858.
Polls 97,048
Professions 2,978
Free Persons of color 1 093
33 786,805 acresof iauu valued at $138,859,970
131,124 slaves 227,468,927
Money aud solvent debts 89,7( 2,797
City or Town oroperty 30.110,241
Foreign Rank Capital 773,413
Merchandise 10,462,511
Capital employed in shipping and ton
nage. 763,285
Capital employed in Manufactories,
<fce, 3,868,636
Household and Kitchen furniture over
$309 2.054,505
Other property not enumerated 34,928,856
Aggregate value of whole property. .$539,655,114
Valuation iu 1857, 527,828,963
Increase in 1858 $11,226,151
Average value of iand per acre in 18,77, $1 10 :
average value of slaves per head, $524 9/.
Average value of land pqr acre in 1858, $ 1 1J ;
average value of slaves per head, $526 39.
There were also returned 168 Dentists in 18,78 to
95 in 18,77; 43 Dagucrrean Artists in 1858 to 11 in
18.77 ; 3 nominal slaves in 1856 to 2 to 1857 ; and 8
slaves lor hiring their lime in 1858 to 3 iu 1857.
Poor School and other Statistical Information.
As the subject of Education—embracing Com
mon Schools, Free Schools, Ate., &e.—always en
grosses the attention of the Rspresentative of the
people, and, since being in oilice, having been fre
quently called upon personally by members of the
Legislature for information—although r.ot one of
toy official duties—l have prepared aud present
with this Report a table marked “E,” containing in
a small rpace much useful information connected
with this and other suljects of legislation. The
table contains tbs number of poll3 returned ill each
county in 1857; the voters in each county ia 1857 ;
the number of poor children returned to the Treas
urcr for a participation in the Poor School Fund iu
each county iu 1857; the amount drawn by each
county from the Poor School Fund ; the amount
paid to the members of the Legislature of each
county ; the total amount drawn from She Treasury
by each couuty in 1857, and the net amount (cents
not counted) ot tax paid into the Trcasuiy by each
county, in 1857.
The number of polls in 1857, were 67,149
The number of voters in 18.77.. 164,394
The number of Poor children returned iu
1857 48,079
Amount Poor School Fund distributed in
1857 $30,604
Amount paid to members of Legislature ia
1857.'. $95,76!)
Total amount paid to counties in 1857 $126,861
Net Tax from all counties to 1857 $393,713
There W6re also returned in one hundred and
five counties in 1857, 83.5,71 children between the
ages of 8 and 16 years, aud in the satoe 165 coun
ties the number of polls returned were 87,(165. Rut
as these returns were not full, they have uot been
placed in table “E ”
These data were obtained from the Treasury and
Comp’roller General’s cilice—except aa to the vo
ters, which is “official.”
It will be seen that several counties failed to re
turn any Poor Children in 1857. To remedy this
omission as far a; possible, the Treasurer deducted
26 per cent, upon the former return, and proceeded
to the distribution accordingly.
Table “E ’ also contains the net amount of tax in
dollars (cents not included,; ? aised by taxation m
each county for Educational or Poor {School purpo
ses, 1857. This information has been obtained
through correspondence with the Ordinaries of the
several counties, and where the Ordinaries have
failed to respond to my call, through Clerks of the
Superior and Inferior Courts, and others who have
sought and obtained the information from the pro
per source. It will be seen that a few counties have
not been heard from—although as nmny as three
letters to different persona wore sent to each of
these counties. For all pr actical purposes, however,
the information obtained will answer. It will be
perceived, therefore, that the amount raised in the
111 counties heard from by taxatiui for Poor School
purposes in .1857, was $65,173. The amount paid
to Hieso same 1! I counties from the State Treasury
for the same purpose, was $29,351 making the total
Poor School Fund ot these counties iu 1857, only
$94,52t>.
All of which is respectfully submitted.
Peterson Thiveatt,
Comptroller General.
A Peep in a. 3lan ! s £to)ii:icli
Tbo following extraordinary statement we have
from the Hartford (Conn.) Press. How it was pos
sible for a human being to survive a wound so des
tructiv ot his internal machinery, is almost as great
a wonder as the phenomena laid open thereby to
the inspection of the curious. But this is not the
only, and probably not the most extraordinary case
of the kind on record. We recollect reading, many
years ago, a similar account of au American soldier
who received a wound during the war of 1812, at
tended with nearly the same result:
The case of Alexis St. Martin, is probably the
most extraordinary one known iu the annals of sur
! ge.y. St. Marlin is a Canadian,ot French descent.
In the year 1825, when he was eighteen years old,
and while employed in the service of the American
Fur Company, in Canada, he wa3 accidentally
wounded by the discharge of a musket, the charge
entering literally from behind, passing quite through
his body, tearing off the muscles, carrying away
half of the sixth rib, lacerating the left lobe of the
lungs, as well as the diaphragm, perforating the
stomach, and exposing to view the pericardium, or
covering o; the heart. A portion of the lungs, as
larger.sa turkey's egg, was lacerated and burnt,
and just below Ufa a portion of the stomach pro
truded from the wound, the food at the same time
passing from the orifice thus made in the stomach.
This orifice has never healed, and through it the
process of digestion can plainly be seen in the sto
mach. This interesting subject for study was in
Hartford on Saturday and Sunday last, and we had
the opportunity of “seeing him. While here St.
Martin and the doctor were the guests of Col. Colt,
at whose invitation they were induoed to etpp.
while un their way to Boston, for the purpose of al
lowing to the Hartford Medical S ciely an opportu
nity of noting the processes an t Use efiecta of diges
tion, the absorption of different kinds of foods, &c.
In looking into the aperture left by the shot from
the gun, the secret ot tbs gastric juice has been dis
tinctly seen.
i'be interior of the stomach, contrary to the im
pression ofmauy persons, is cleanly and not un
inviting in its appearance. It? delicate pink coat
ings are as clean and perfect as all the rest of na
ture’s handi-work, and it is not until the pampered
and unnatqral appetite of individuals has, oy over
loading it, and by eating and drinking improper
things, rendered it weak and incapable of perform
ing all the work thrust upon it, that the stomach,
or rather its contents become “foul ” Cooked (mel
ted or drawn) butter or the lard used in “shortening’’
pie crust, is not digested at all. It is seen swim
ming upon the surface of the stomach in the form of
yellow or light-colored grease, and it finally passes
off undigested. Chopped meat, moistened, in
troduced through this bullet-hole into the man’s
stom'ich, is found to nourish Litn just as it womd if
taken at the mouth! All the “patient” requires in
that case is to be allowed to chew a piee of gum,
(merely to satisfy the hub . t of chewing, we suppose)
and he gets along as if he had eaten his dinner, it js
undoubtedly better’ however, that the tood should
nrst be masticated, sad this can oi.iy i;s don
through the proper agency appointed for that pur
pose by nature. Mirthfulnees at and after a meal
facilitates digestion wonderfully.
Take St. Martin to a theatre, for instance, after
a hearty evening meal, and let him enjoy a good
comedy—the result is astonishing-, digestion is pro
moted to a degree. “Laugh and grow
fat,” is an adage now seen to be founded upon a
physiological truth.. Anger has the effect of caus
ing the bile to rush into the stomach in a stream.—
This has been observed with certainty in the case
of St. Martin. When he has been‘suddenly en
raged while lying upon a table, the bile has been
seen suddenly to rush into the stomach, which was
perfectly clear of it the instant before, and such a
quantity as to admit of its being emptied out freely
into a cap, simply oy turning him over 1 A piece
of meat tied to a string has been introduced into
the stomach through this orifice, and after a lapse of
a certain time it has been pulled out again, and the
progress of the digestive organs aecura’ely noted.
In this way corned beef, for instance, has been re
duced to a mass of fine, delicate and even threads,
after having been for some time subjected to the
action of the gastric juice. St. Martin, since he was
wounded, has married and become the father of 17
children, five of whom, with his wife are now liv
ing. At brat, the only way by which his fcod, after
entering the sarcophagus, could be prevented from
passing through the wound was to use compresses
and adhesive straps. That necessity has siuca been
overcome by the growth cf a smafl fold of the coats
of the etotnaeh, wnico new extends almost over the
or'fioe, but can be readily depressed with the finger,
so as to allow an examination of the interior ot the
stomach (when it is empty) to the depth of 5 or fi
inches.
A Change of Views. — Down mth Douglas.—
The Athene Banner—tne organ of the Sixth Dis
trict Democracy—comments at length upon the re
cent Democratic defeats, and expresses itself as fol
lows upon the question of southern duty in the
premises.
“A few words now as to bow the result of these
elections has changed oar views in regard to the
contest in Ilinois, and we dismiss the subject We
have up to this time, held that the election of Doug
las over Lincoln was preferable, if there was no
possible chance for a Democrat to succeed over
both. This we believe, is Mr. Stephens’s position
as defined by the Chicago Herald, and never, that
we know of, contradicted by Mr. S. himself, or any
press or person authorised to speak for him. But
our eyes have been opened Bin’ee the 12th inst., and
we have seen the length, and depth, and breadth of
the injury that Douglas has done the South and the
Democratic party. We have seen a loss of seven
teen members of Congress in three States, of two
State tickets, and two Legislatures, all from his
treachery. We have seen the efforts that have been
made by his strongest friends to crush ont the
fr ends of the Administration and put Black Repub
licans in office. We have seen them running Anti-
Lecompton Democrats against the regularly nomi
nated supporters of the Auministration, and thus
throwing district after district into the hands of the
enemy, and we have learned to look upon
them as equally, if not more the enemies of the
Bonth, than the Republicans themselves. And shall
we,shall any Southern man, any t:ue Democrat,
j anywhere, still continue, in the face of these reve
’ lations, to wish for the success of the man who has
I done all this mischief over anybody—even a Black
Republican ? Shall we prefer Douglas to Lincoln
now, or as some do, Douglas’to any oue ? ”
The Pintle Gold Region*.
-4 Reliable Account of the (fold Country, and the
Prospects for Mining.
The St. Louis Democrat of the 23d publishes a
letter from Mr. Win. B. Parsons, who that paper
vouches for as reliable authority, in regard to the
gold discoveries in Kansas, from which we make
the following extracts;
Lawrence, K TANARUS, Oct. 19,1858.
Having just returned from the gold mines of
77 esteru Kansas, and having seen a few and heard
many costrsdietory reports iu regard to them, I
make haste on the very hour of my arrival to give
you the truth in relation to the whole matter. I left
Eastern Kansas on the 25th May last, with the com
pany tamiharly known ou the Plains as the ‘'Law
rence Company,” for the express purpose of finding
the gold that we have for. several years heard was
deposited to the mountains.
No Got.n at Pike s Peak.—On the S:h of July,
we arrived at the base of Pike’s Peak and on the
next day commenced prospect ing. We remained
there five days, and did not find a trace of gold,
and at the end of that time our old miners said they
were satisfied there was no gold there, as there was
no quartz, no bee rock except the surface rock,
wi ich is old red sandstone aud micaceous granite,
aud no indicaiions of gold about the soil. .
Ihe Platte Gold Region. —On the morning of
July 12, we “rolledout tor the Platte, and at noon
arrived at J im's Cauip,” fifteen miles from Pike's
Peak. There we were met by Capt. Doke of the
Ray county company, and a few ot his men. He
reported that he had been prospecting the Sonth
Platte tor two or three weeks; that they “found
gold everywhere;” that he thought “it might be
made to pay, if his men would oniy stick to it, but
that they were discouraged and were returning
home ’ aud headed when I can get a party of men
that mil stick 1 shall return.” We camped together
at noon, and then if was agreed that we should join
our forces and send a party over the mountains into
the S ul li Park. We did so, and sent the party un
der the command of Capt. Doke, and tne guidance
of a Mexican. That party returned, after an ab
sence of eight days, having accomplished nothing.
After this unsuccessful effort, the enthusiasm of the
combined remnants of the “Cherokee” aud Ray
county companies, was at a low* point; and as they
sat around the camp fire telling the stories and
singing the songs of home, it soon became evident
that their days *t>t gold hunting were nearly over,
and sure enough, for on the morning of the 25th of
July ten ot the twelve wagons composing the train
“pulled out” for the States.
The Mines as they Really Are.—No work
iias yet been done there—no claims to any exteut
have been made—the time has been spent iu pros
peering with pans—a half-day here, and a halt-day
there. No man has found a piece weighing “twen
ty-three ounces,” or one ounce, or (to my knowledge)
one pennyweight. No man has made “one hundred,”
or “fifty ‘or “twenty” dollars per day. “To the
beat of my knowledge, information and belief,” no
man made sixteen dollars iu one day. The men who
were there when I [left were working with pans,
carried (heir dirt from four to seventy rods, and
made from $2 50 to $5 per day.
The better way for your readers to judge of the
yield of the mines is to know the “prospect of the
pan.” I have seen $1.50 in a single par. a few
times—lo to 60 cents frequently, aud hardly ever
less than eight or ten cento. Californians will tell
you that with three eents to the panful they can
make good wages. The Californians in our party
say, that when they get sluices arranged, they can
make every day they work sls. There, then, you
have the whole story. Unless some new “diggings”
have been discovered since September 20tb, you
can put down all reports of wages higher than sl6
as extravagant, aud receive them with a “ leelle ”
grain of allow ance.” If your readers are satisfied
with any wages under that sum let them go there,
and they will make it. There is room enough for
twenty thousand mining claims. The gold is all
“wash gold,” aud is, in tne opinion of our wriest
heads iu the mountians, but the beginning of uext
year’s discoveries. Every mau there that has
had any experience in mining is satisfied with the
prospect fpr next season, ana some of them extreme
iy enthusiastic.
The time to go to the Mines.—l would advise
no person to start for the mines after this date until
spring. 1 think some have gone two or three weeks
too late already to escape hardships. Rut this will
do for the present. I will soon furnish your readers
with further information in regard to the mines,
routes, &c.
From the Topeka Tribune of October 11th, we
have more intelligence from the gold diggings, and
intelligence that is as favorable as any yet received,
and of such a character as.to command full credence.
The letter is addressed to a Mr. Hastings, by his
sou, who went out to the Peak, about the middle of
July. He says :
“After ail unsuccessful search of six days for
geld, our company divided into two parties, myself
and five others in company. Ou the second day of
prospecting, we found indications of gold sufficient
to induce us to go to work. We accordingly went
to digging, each to his own way, as no one was
used to the business j but considering the distance
we were obliged to carry the dirt for washing, we
were we'l satisfied wit li the first three days work,
which by the best means we had of judging, yield
ed about nine dollars per day to eaeh man. Since
tiiat time, each man has been working “on his own
hook.” I have averaged about fifteen dollars per
day, the last two weeks.
“The climate is very healthy. 1 have heard of
no sickness since coming here, although the com
forts of life are somewhat limited, aud the fare is
hard.”
A TViee's Influence.— Judge O'Neal, iu the
Yorkville Enquirer, tells the following of Judge
Wm. Smith, of South Carolina:—
“He had the rare blessing to win the love of Pile
of the purest, mildest and best women, whose char
acter has ever been present to the writer. He mar
ried Margaret Duff. In his worst days she never
upbraided him byword, look or gesture, but always
met him as if he was one of the kindest aud best
of husbands This course on her part humbled him,
and made him weep like a child. This sentence, it
is hoped, will be remembered, was the language of
Judge Smith to the friend already named, and to
those who new tbe stern, unbending public charac
ter of the J udge, it will teach a lesson of how much
a patient woman’s love can accomplish. He was
at last reformed by an instance of her patient love
and devotion as he himself told it:
‘ ‘The evening before the Return Day of the Court
of Common Please for York District, a client call
ed with fifty notes to be put in suit. Mr. Smith
was not in his office—he was on what is now fash
ionably called a spree—then a frolic. Mrs. Smith
received the notes and sat down in the office to the
work of issuing the writs aud processes. Sue spent
the night, at work—Mr Smith ‘in riotous living.’—
At daylight, on his way home from his carousals, he
saw a light in his office, and stepped in, and to his
great surprise saw his amiable wife, wbo had just
completed what ought to have been his work, with
her head on the table and asleep. His entry awoke
her. She told him what she had dime, and Bhowed
him her night’s work—fifty writs and processes.—
This bowed the strong man, ‘he fell on his knees,
implored her pardon, and then and there faithfully
promised her never to drink another drop while he
lived.’ ‘This promise,’ says my friend Col. Wil
liams, ‘he faithfully kept,’ and said the judge to him,
‘from that day everything which I touched turned
to gold.’ ‘His entire success iu life,’ says Col. Wil-
Wiiliaui3, ‘he set down to bis faithful observance of
this noble promise.’
“No better eulogy could be pronounced on Mrs.
Smith than has just been given in the words of her
distinguished husband. The reformation of such a
man as William Smith is a chaplet of glory which
lew women have beeD permitted to wear. To the
people ot South Carolina, and especially of York
District, certainly no stronger argument in favor of
temperance, total abstinence, need be given.”
October. —The Louisville Journal has the fol
lowicg beautiful reference to the beautifullest
month of the year:
“ We have always loved this month, and in our
country it is a season for poets and printers to revel
in. October is the very time to enjoy the animated
crowds ot the oity life, and it ia the time of times to
admire God’s marvels in the country, as he works
his wondrous chaoge from summer to winter, and
scatters over the face of nature a rainbow veil to
conceal the effects of “decays effacing fingers,” as
he would strew forget-me-nots over the grave of the
I lowers. October may be sharp and cold to ua, but
we love it for its laughing skies, its gorgeous sun
sets, aud the bracing tones of its morning saluta
tions. It paints the cheek of beauty to make it
look more like the rose, and it animates the step of
manhood as if by anew infusion of natural vigor.—
We may in the spring time have flirted with co-
Suettish April, with flowers in her hair and tresses
owiug in the vernal breeze; but October, with
her queenly gait, wreathed with the purple glories
of the vine, her train borne by Exercise and Sport;
clothed in rare and dazzling tints ; her eye ail ani
mation, and her steps all grace—she is our
love, and we are so attacned to her that when we
die we want to die with her. “Die as the leaves do
that fall in October.” Beautiful in the country,
where fields and forests glow like many colored
iiree, and even beautiful in the city, which providen
tially is “open at the top” to let in the glories of
these cerulean skies and the crisp breeze of early
autumn, till “the benediction of the covering hea
vens falls like dew.” —Richmond Whig.
The Defences in France.— The Government
of France has commenced the execution of other
works in addition to those of Cherbourg and Brest.
All the Atlantic coast received appropriations for
this purpose. A Varis correspondent of the New
York Commercial says that 41 Havre has received
150,000,000 of francs, 70,000,000 to be paid by the
town, and 80,000,000 by the 8 ate; Dunkirk has re
ceived 17,000,000 of franca; Dieppe 7,000,(KJ0, and
Fecamp 1,800 000. It ia determined to make the
coast as nearly impregnable, even to the improved
instruments of modern warfare, aa possible. Napo
leon I said at St. Helena, the 4 fortifications were
made to bfe taken ;’ and the distinguished Kussian
engineer, Todleben, lately gave his opinion against
the construction for fortifications for the defence of
a country as a useless expense. It is evidently,
however, safer to take these opinions with a liberal
allowance, and act as if they had never been utter
ed. With such supports to Cherbourg aud Brest as
these millions expended along the French coast will
offer foreign invasion, England will have a double
cause for complaining of the expenses to which the
military demonstrations of France are putting her.”
Anew w eapon or firearm is thus spoken of by
the New Orleans Crescent: “Several months ago
we noticed an application made by Mr. A. Le Mat, of
this city, for a parent for an improved revolver of
hiz invention. He has secured his patent, and
yesterday showed ua one of them. It is beyond all
compaiiaon the finest weapon we ever saw. It is
a revolver of nine chambers, charged with conical
expanding balls, which are fired in the same man
ner as the balk of Colt’s army revolver. But, in
addition to these, there is a large centre barrel, the
charge of which consist of fifteen or twenty buck
shot. This barrel is independent of all othere, and
is discharged by means of a sliding hammer attach
ed to the regular Colt’s hammer. The adjustment
lor the discharge of the central or grapeehot barrel
can be effected by a single motion in two seconds.
In weight this weapon is about equal to the regu
lar army revolver, but in efficiency it far surpasses
The Great Chess Match in Paris— Yester
day the match between Il&rwitz and Morphy was
resumed at th r ee o’clock in the afternoon ; but in
thk instance the players were seated alone up
dtairn, and three boards were kept down stairs on
which the progress of the game was marked out for
the benefit of the large crowd in attendance. At *
o’clock the game waa drawn— nil —showing that
M. Harwitz has picked up a little since his four suc
cessive defeats of last week. Tne game between
the*’.4 now stands Harwitz two, Morphy four, one
drawn. Tbe winner of the first seven games is the
victorious party. This afternoon they are to play
the eighth g&ine. A large amount of money; is
staked on this game, for the friends of Mr. Harwitz
are not wanting in “ backbone, while Mr. Morphy
has friends from New Orleans, wbo are capable ad
willing to back him to millions if the occasion of
fers —Paris Correspondents. Y. Times, of theTith
uU.
AWhole Family Burnt to Death.— The house
of Hiram Robinson, on the Kalamazoo plank road,
eight miles from Grand Rapids, Michigan, was
burned ou Tuesday night last, and Mr. Robinson,
and his wife and their two children, one an infant
and the other a little girl about three years old,
burnt to death It is supposed to have caught from
a stove pipe while the family were all asleep, and
none of the neighbors knew anything of the fire
until the next morning.
VOL. LXXII.—NEW SERIES VOL. XXII. NO. 44.
Terrible Trnged.v in New Mexico.
A correspondent of the Memphis Bulletin writing
from Tureen, Arizona Territory, under date of
Sept. 17th, gives the following circumstantial ac
count of a terrible tragedy at (Dragoon Springs, (a
station erected by the Overland Mail Company,
some seventy five miles from Tncsen,) on the night
of Wednesday, Sept. Bth: Announcing the arrival
of the party at the Springs on Sunday, Sept 12th,
the writer says:
We were in no wise prepared for the terrible sight
which awaited us at the station. Mr. Mowry had a
letter for Mr. Silas St John, of New York, the gen
tleman in charge of this station, and leaving the
stage at the point near the water, where he had
stopped, went to the corral for tiie purpose of de
livering’the letter. Arrived at the corral, he was
met by a spectacle as piteous as ever harrowed up
the feeliugs of humanity. We were at once called
to the terrible soene, which I will attempt to des
cribe. Outside of the corral lay the dead body of
a man, his face aud head so horribly mutilated by a
stone hammer as to leave the features altogether
undistinguishabie; within, in one corner of tha
room set apart for sleeping purposes lay another
dead body, the head of which was mangled in the
same terrible manner, while two wretched human
beings, one of them insensiole to his awful condi
tion, was lying upou the door, the skuil of the last
mentioned one laid open with a blow from au axe;
the other, Mr. St. John, his left arm almost severed
from his body and with a terrible gasb to bis right
leg, begging almost inarticulately for water, not a
drop of which he or bis companion iu misery had
tas.ed since the night of Wednesday, the Bth tost.,
at 12 P.M.
Tiie terrible deed, the fatal consequences of
wliiob we saw before us, was accomplished by three
Mexicans, youths from fifteen to eighteeu years of
age, in the employ of the company, aud was thus
described by Mr. St. John.
On Wednesday night, about twelve, P. M , he
saw two of the above mentioned youths enter the
room opposite to tbe end iu which he was sleeping,
lie (Mr. St. John) wus about half awake and at
once roused himself, thinking to detect the boys’in
some act of petty theft, when he beard the heavy
blows which killed the old gentleman lying in front
of the coiral, descending upon him, ana iu a mo
ment saw by the indistinct light the wretches com
mence their bloody work on the other men. lie at
once sprang to his feel and seized his double bar
reled gun, and leveled it at the miscreants, and
just as he was about to pull the trigger, his left arm
was nearly lopped off by a blow from an axe in tbs
hands of the wretch who had killed the old mau in
front of the corral; this blow was followed up by
one making a slight incision in the left breast and
wounding his left arm in another place, and by still
another, indicting a terrible gash in his right leg.—
Disabled as be was, Mr. St. John wheeled, and
seizing a Colt's repeater, fired, whereupon the cow
ardly murderers tied, oniy to return to the scene of
their fiendish exploit an hour afterward, again to be
irigbtened away by another shot from Mr. St. John's
pistol. Front that awful hour until the time of our
arrival at Dragoon Springs, Mr. St. John hnd en
dured with heroic fortitude the pangs of hunger and
thirst and the excruciating pain of his wounds, and
had even dragged himself to the gate of the corral
to let out the animals in th 6 corral, that they might
seek food and water. When we reached Dragoon
Springs, therefore, we found the dead bodies of
Mr. James Ban, of Watertown, Jefferson couuty,
New York, and of one Mr. Cunningham, of lowa,
Mr. Silas St. John, of New York city, in tbe above
described condition, aud one James or Wm. Long,
of Bloomington, Illinois, with a fractured skull.
There was no medicine, no physician, nor any of
tbe appliances of the healing art on hand. The
wounds of the eurvivers, however, were dressed as
best they might be—castile soap aud a strong de
coction of the bark of the oak of this section, being
the only aids we could obtain to our rough efforts
to alleviate their sufferings. Four hours were thus
consumed, and everything having been doua that
could be done for them, the stages left this scene of
horrors, the writer remaining with the wounded
men, whom it was impossible to move until assis
tance could be sent irom the next station, forty
two miles distant. I have kept many lonely and
sad watches, it having happened to me to be thrown
often among scenes of suffering, but darker hours,
than those through which the night of Sunday, the
12th tost., wore away, I do not think I ever knew.
On Monday, two gentleman arrived and relived
me, and I at once set oat on mule-back for this
place, which I reachod after asolitary rile of about
seventy- five miles, I left Mr. St. John doing as
well au could be expected. The arrival of Dr.
Irwin from Fort Buchanan, the Surgeon of the
United States Army at that post , was looked for
hourly. Tne man Long was in arliculo mortis when
I left Dragoon Springs.
Monday, Sept. 26, 1858. — Two messengers ar
rived on yesterday from Dragoon Springs, bringing
the gratifying intelligence of the improved condi
tion of Mr. St. John, Dr. Irwin had arrived there
in time to perforin successfully the operation of ta
king off the wounded arm. lie found it necessary
to take it off’ at the shoulder. The fracture was
compound, and extended to the joint. This severe
aud painful operation was performed without the
use of anodyne or stimulant, and iny informant,
who witnessed it, speaks of Mr. St. John'e powers
of endurance and presence of mind as being very
remarkable.
Passengers uy the Austria.—The official list
of the passengers who were on board the burnt
steamer Austria, which was destroyed on the 13th
of September, has been received by the Agents of
the Hamburg Packet Company in this city, by the
Europa. The first intelligence of the disaster was
received in Bristol, Eng., by the screw steamer
Pemberton, on the 2d tost., which had spoken the
bark Lotus with 18 passengers on board. The news
was immediately telegraphed to the agents at South
ampton, Messrs. Crosky &. Cos., by whom it was re
peated by telegraph to Hamburg and Bremen The
agents iu the latter place immediately sent off the
list of passengers to their agents here. The list as
now received exhibits as the number lost, 456
saved, 88.
RKCA t’ITULATION.
Number of passengers in first cabin ....... 67
Number ot passengers in second cabin 116
Number of passengers in steerage ‘2*9
Officers and crew (no list received) 102
Total 534
SAVEO.
First cabin 3
Second cabin 8
Steerage... 51
Officers and crew 16—78
- L05t...... ... ....... —.............456
The following, however, shows that there are still
ten persons to be accounted for, who are marked
ainoDg the saved i
Arrived at Quebec, by bark Oatarina 22
Arrived at Halifax, by theHoius 12
.arrived at-New York, by the Valorous, from Fayal..42
Remaining at Fayal, in hospital 3
Left Fayal for Hamburg (crew) 9
Total 88
These discrepancies may arise from the fact, that
in many cases a ticket was procured by one pereon
for two or three others of the same family, while
only one name is mentioned. Thus, on board tbe
Valorous there were two or three names which do
not appear in the above list. It is also probable that
there were several on board whose presence was
not known to the agents, and whose names conse
quently would not appear. The foregoing how
ever, must approximate very nearly to tbe true list
oi the lost and saved.
Important Telegraphic Movement.—An or
ganization of ail the telegraphic lines in the United
States, (except the seaboard line from Boston to
New Orleans, which points are also connected by
wires through the interior,) we learn from the Jour
nal of Commerce is just beiogperfeoted, under the
title of the “North American Telegraphic Associa
tion,” having for its object the union, extension and
improvement of telegraphic facilities throughout
the country. The first meeting was held on Thursday,
and embraced seven telegraphic corporations, in
cluding one in Canada. Arrangements are now
making, more in detail, so that in a few days the
wliolo may be announced as complete. A primary
object, we understand, is to effect a un.ted, com
prehensive and economical working of the whole
telegraphic system, under which tolls may be re
duced to the lowest remunerative rate j .
We learn that the North American Telegraphic
Association has already taken action with a view
to the early completion of a direct telegraphic con
ncction of the Mississippi river with California,
under tbe grant of the late Congress, (procured
through tiie efforts of the late Mr. Eddy, General
Superintendent of the American Telegraph Com
pauy,) of a strip of land two hundred feet in width
through the public domain, between these points.
This enterprise is in no way connected with or de
pendent upon other projects already existing for ex
tending lines from California to Missouri, or Ban
Antonio in Texas; nor does it follow that the expe
dition with which the work is prosecuted, will be in
auy degree effected by the course of events in rela
tion to the Atlantic Cable, although the success of
the latter would greatly conduce to the prosperity
of the former.
Thus we see the way opening with rapid strides
fcr the final union ot America with Asia aud Eu
rope, by way of Behring's Straita or the Aleutian
Islands.
It is not unlikely that application will be made
to tbe next session of Congress for aid in this great
undertaking at least, that the protection of military
posts may be afforded, so far as practicable.
The Convention of Telegraphers referred to
above, is the most numerously attended of arty of
its kind ever field in the United .States. Its sessions
are private.— Ball. Amer.
South Carolina Maids of the Olden Times.—
In turning over the leaves of a very delightful
book, lately published, our eye chanced to fall on
tbe following petition, signed by sixteen maids of
Charleston, and presented to tiie Governor of that
Province, on March Ist, 1738 :
To His Excellency (lovernor Johnson:
The humble petition of all the maids whose
names are underwritten:
Whereas, we humble petitioner are at present,
in a very melancholy disposition of mind, consider
ing how ail the bachelors are blindly captivated by
widows, and oar youthful charms thereby neglect
ed ; the consequence of this our request is that your
Excellency, wm, for the future, order that no wid
ow shall for the future presame to marry any
young man till the maids are provided for; or else
pay each of them a fine for satisfaction for in
vading our liberties ; and likewise a fine to be laid
f>n all such bachelors as shall be married to widows.
Tne great disadvantage it is to us old maids is, that
tbe widows, by their rearward carriages, do snap up
the young men, and have the vanity to think their
merits beyond ours, which is a great impos.tion on
us who ought to have tbe preference.
This is humbly recommended to your Excellen
cy’s consideration, and hope you wt 1 prevent any
further insults.
And we poor maids, as duty bound, will ever
pray.
F. B.—l being the oldest maid, and thereby most
concerned, do think it proper to be the messenger
to your Excellency in behalf of my feilow-subscrib
ers—Savannah (leorgian -V Journal. _ ;
Is there not a necessity tor such a petition in
1858? t
Costliness of the Law in England.—The En
glish papers state that nearly tec years ago a gen
tleman named Hart ey died, and bequeathed by
trill upwards of five hundred thousand dollars to the
corporation of Southampton, to be expended in
measures to promote the intellectual improvement
of the inhabitants of that town. The will was dis
puted by distant and dubious relatives of the testa
tor, and litigation has been going on up to tbe pre
sent time in the Court of Chancery. It hasende
in a compromise, at the recommendation of the
counsel engaged on both sides, and the litigants
have withdrawn their claims for $112,5(16, thus
leaving about $396,600 for the corporation; of that
sum, however, the law costs have to be deducted,
amounting to nearly $175,000, and legacy duty
amounting to nearly $22,.7i 6, so all that remains to
carry out the dying wish of the testator is less than
$206,006. Much indignation is felt in Southampton
that after the reform of !he Court of Chancery liti
gation can last so long there and its expenses De so
enormous. The cost of taxing—that ia, reducing—
the law charges was nearly $5,000.
It is stated that the Baptist churches in New
Y’ork city, have offered Spurgeon, the great star
preacher, $10,066 and bis expenses, if be will con
sent to make a six months torn to this country. He
is getting a little out of fashion, and may come.
Death has at last divided the oldest pair in tbe
United States, Mrs Ludwiek Snyder died a few days
since to Burnside township, Clearfield county, Fenn.,
at the age of 168. Her husband, who is 112 years,
old survives her.
from the Waynesboro’ Nans.
Medina of the Bnr.
The Proceedings nf a Meeting of a portion of the
liar of the Middle District of Georgia, in attend
ance on Hurke Superior Court, in reference to a
•change of the Court Calendar for said Disltict.
Whereas, The present Court Calendar, which
was passed at the last session of the Legislature,
has given much dissatisfaction to those immediately
interested, and there is a manifest desire to change
the time of holding the Courts for the Middle Dis
trict, for which purpose a meeting of a portion of
the Bar was held in Waynesboro’, on the 20th inst.
Judge_ William H. Holt was called to the chair,
and Mitchell Jones appointed to act as Secretary.
Col. Thomas M. Berrien, in a very few words,
explained the object of the meeting.
The following Court Calendar for the Middle Dis
trict, was agreed upon by the meeting, as being
more suitable and desirable than the present Calen
dar, and is recommended to the citizens of said
District for their consideration:
Columbia, Ist Monday in March and September.
Washington, 2d “ . “ “
Emanuel, Ith “ “ “
Jefferson, 2d “ in April'aud October.
Scriven, 3d “ “ “
Richmond, Ith “ “ “
Burke, 4'h “ iu May and November.
It appearing to the meeting, from the statements
of different members of the Bar, that the sanctity of
the Sabbath could not well be observed it traveling
the Circuit under the present existing Calendar,
upon motion, the time for holding the Courts should
commence on Tuesdays after the Mondays named
in the above.
A committee of three, consisting of Thos. M.
Berrien, of Burke, Thomas II PolhUl, of Jeff erson,
and John K. Jackson, of Richmond, were appointed
to draft a bill to be presented to the next Legisla
tare, for the purpose of having the present Court
Calendar tor the Middle District changed to the one
proposed. Win. W. Hoi.t, Chairman.
Mitchell Jones, Secretary.
The Indian Cemetery—Tne following interest
ing description of the manner in which the North
ern Indians bury ihtirdead is from the pen of Mr.
Wallace, the travelling agent of the San Francieoo
Alta California. It is written from Fraser river
region :
Yesterday 1 took a walk up the river, to look at
the mining and the wild precipices that overhang
the river at the foot of the little canon. I had not
gone more than two miles before I came upon au
Indian buryiug-place. They do notplaoe their
dead in the earth, but in sarcophagi, raised upon
sticks, about three feet from the ground. As soon
as dead, the body is tied by the knees and should
ers, aud thus brought into a doubled position, as if
the dead would rest easier with the muscles un
strained. They are thus placed in the sarcophagi
in a sitting position. The bottom is shaped like a
canoe, and projects from the sides. They are about
three feet long by two aud a half high, and two
wide. The sides and covers are made from blocks
split from pine trees. The Indians appear to hold
these relics in much veneration, and guard them
with jealous eyes. As I approached to examine
them, two or three who were passing, silently mo
tioned me away. I took off my hat aud bowed to
ward the dead, which seamed to please them and
they passed on. There were six of these sarcopha
gi, two of which had fallen down, and the skull and
bones of the dead lay strewn upon the ground.
A curious combination of carved figures orna
mented the fronts of the tombs. In front, inde
pendent of the dead, was a row of figures the size
of life, witli true Indian clmraoters and features,
standing as if to guard the approach. One of them
was a warrior holding a guu in each hand, and with
expression so lifelike as to make me hesitate to ap
proach ; there me also women aud monsters, each
with weapons, and maintaining a threatening atti
tude. Ou the front of each sarcophagi, the carving
was very elaborate and truthful, aud embraces
bears, wolves, lizards, snakes and goats, igrouped
iu guardsome attitude. These liguiies are painted
red, black and white, and exbibi.ed much skill in
the use of the knife. They all seemed to be weath
er-worn as if long exposed. Upon the tops of
these tombs were two canoes, broken and worn
out, and in them were placed broken paddles, a
broken pale, a worn out mat, a useless gun, and a
broken net, lit emblems of the exhausted life of an
Indian. These tombs are always upon the banks
of the river ; and t may well be imagined that
“By the fire-fly lamp
They paddle the light canoe,”
upon the familiar watois which, to them, was all
ways home. These carvings are done by an In
dian whose sole business is to ornament the tombs of
the deed. 1 wished to take away one of the images
as a curiosity, but w# advised that, it would be dan
gerous as they are held in supreme veneration by
the Indiana.
From the Eastern ou.isi ui aerica.—Wears
indebted to ltulus Greene, E-q , lor interesting in
telligeuce from the Eastern coast, of Africa, brought
by me schooner E 11. Miller, fromyuillunaue, liv
er Zafhbezi, August llth.
Dr. Livingstone had ascended the river with his
small steamer. Tiie disturbances among the ad
joining tribes were extensive, and a force ot three
hundred native and iorty European soldiers, with
nearly all the principal European residents, had on
the Bth of July embarked and ascended the river
lor the purpose of subduing them. The new Gov
ernor arrived at Guillimaue iu Alav, and, notwith
tandiug ah attack of fever, started with his soldiers,
as above stated. News had been received on the
sth of August that a battle was fought at Cliupan
za, on the Zambezi, iu whiohthe rebels were beaten.
This war has continued one year, aud it is still quite
uucertaiu when it cau be terminated. It originated
ill consequence o’ the seizure of three native slave
dealers uy the Portuguese Government, and their
removal to and imprisonment in the fort at Mozam
bique. The surrounding tribos aro incensed by tne
seizure aud imprisonment of these traders, and
threaten constant war until they are set at liberty.
Thousands of slaves during the past two or three
years have been taken from the Portuguese pos
sessions on the east coast of Africa by French ves
sels and carried io Bourbon, under preteuoe of free
laborer and coolie laws. This has been done under
forms ol law, but is nothing less than the slave trade
iu disguise. Latterly the English Government has
interlered, and an English Consul sent out. to watch
the slave trade, has stimulated the Government to
tome efforts in support of the laws. Some six months
ago a vessel of six hundred tone was seized north
of Mozambique with one hundred and twenty slaves
on board auu waiting for more. The captain mid
crew were imprisoned in the fort and the vessel was
condemned.
Two youths, one the son of the collector of the
port, the other the son of a merchant there, came
passengers in the K. H. Miller. They arc consigned
to Mr. Greene to be educated here. They are re
markable . bright and intelligent looking lads.
Providence Journal.
The Hamburg Steamer- -We are gratified to
record any in.Unco of liberality aud generosity on
the part of corporations or individuals. In this re
spect the Hamburg steam line, to which the Aus
tria belonged, deserves much credit. The forty
two passengers of that unforiuuate vessel, who ar
rived at New York on Thursday last in the British
war steamer Valorous, met by invitation on Satur
day afternoon, at the ollioe ot the Hamburg Ame
rican Packet Company, No. 151 Broadway, where
they were presented, by C. B. Richard, Boas &.
Cos., agents of the line, with S3O each, for the pur
chase of clothing, and were informed that they
would be provided by the Company with free
tickets to whatever destination within the limits of
the United States they were bound, and also with
fifty cents per day to pay their expenses on the
route. Their board, while in New York, is also
paid by the Company. Suoh liberality is. worthy of
special notice by the press,— Exchange.
An Irish lady, named S.auwix, residing in Paris,
has bequeathed all her property, including estates
in Tipperary, in trust, to accumulate until the rents
aud proceeds of sale are sufficient to endow an hos
pital in the town of Thurles, for the poor of the
county, who may be afflicted by accidents, or in
curable but not infectious diseases , and for the
erection, contiguous to the hospital, of an alms
house, for poor w dows over sixty years of age.—
This admirable bequest is unfettered by se tarian
prejudices. The testatrix was a Catholic in the best
sense of the term. She expressly stipulates that,
although the residents upon her present estates shall
have a preferential claim upon the charities,
religious opinion shall not give a right to her boon
ty. In order to secure this charity as much as poB
sible irom sectarian influences, she provides that,
after the death of her joint executors, Sir Thomas
Kedington and Dr. Shrimpton, of Paris, the trust
shall devolve upon a Catholic priest and Protestant
clergyman of the town of Thurles.
Morphy and llarwitz.— The match has just
been settled, and Mr. Morphy declared tbewinnei,
ail beta being paid. They were to have played un
til one or the other bad won seven games; but
wlieu they stood Morphy five and llarwitz two, the
latter gave it up, laying the blame of his defeat
upon his 111 health ; but the fact is, Morphy is by
far the best player. When the termination of the
match was announced at the Cate de la Kegence
the rendezvous of the ohess players here—the
Americans assembled tbsre were quite uproarious
ill their exultation, while the Germans and the
Prussians, who had bet npon Harwitz, immediate
ly suffered a terrible elongation of countenance.
Still they continue to have hope, for another per
son has been sent lor to try bis hand at playing
with the formidable Young American, and the per
pon is a countrymen of theirs.—— Barts Correspon
dent Boston Transcript.
A Prize Fight Out West.— The St. Louis Re
publican gives an account of a fight between Pat
M<*Neil f the Tipperary Boy, aud Elias O Flagherty
near the fair ground, on the same day that the Mot -
rissey aud lleenan light took place. O'Flagberty,
was the victor, the report dosing with the following
summary of the brutal work :
Ou the sixteenth round McNeil could not come np
to time, having both arms broken, two extremely
black eyes, a fractured rib or two, aad a head about
twice its usual size, and having besides received a
great loss of sensation. lie was therefore declared
whipped, and the money handed over to the tri
umphant O'Flagberty. The latter, however, though
declared the victor, was tolerbly, severely punished.
H e lelt eye was put entirely ont, hia collar bone had
sustained two compound communicated fractures,
his five righttingers displacee from their sockets,
aud his mouth slit on the left side of his cheek as far
back as his ear.
A Man must he Tried by Twelve Jurors.—
The Court of Appeals, New York has awarded a
new trial to Cancemi, convictedof murder, because
he was tried by e even jurors only, though the pri
soner assented to this arrangement. The court,
however, holds that trials for crimes must take
place as the law prescribes, and the State has an in
terest iu preserving the lives and liberties of its citi
zens, and will not allow a surrender of them. If a
deficiency of one juror could be allowed, a de
ticiency of eleven might also be permitted, or the
trial be committed to the court alone, an innovation
which would destroy the institution of trial by jury.
Cancemi has been tried three times ; twice he was
convicted, and the verdict set aside, and once the
jury disagreed. He now haß another chance for bis
life.
China and Japan. —A letter dated San Francis
co, September 23d, received by the overland mail,
says that since the sailing of the lyt steamer advi
ces had been received from Japan wi:h information
respecting important concessions from that Govern
ment in favor of trade, Ac.
Extract of a letter dated
£ Hong Kong, Aug, Ittb.
The act of tbe California Legislature regarding
Chinese immigration, forbidding any to enter the
State alter the first of October, pots an additional
obstacle in the way of employment for vessels. I
do not know certainly that the act can be carried
out, or rather it may be a doubtful point whether it
is constitutional or not. While England and Ame
rica have been compelling the Chinese to throw
wide open the doors of their Empire, they have
used their greatest efforts to prevent the ingress of
Eastern nations to their own dominions, and their
acts of exclusion stand out in striking contrast with
their own imperative demand— Jour, of Com.
Jewish Longevity.— The modem Israelites, we
are informed by Herr Gatters, have a longer life of
it than modern Christians. During twenty-three
years M Gatters has been gathering statistics on
this head iu Wieselburg, and he finds that as in
fanta, as boys and as adults, Jews live longer than
Christians. He attributes their longer life to some
peculiarity of race; but it is probable the money
as something to do with it. A pauper Jew is an
nheard o: thing, and poverty and short life have a
ell-kuown delation.— Medical Times.