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BY W. S. JONES.
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MONROE
MM IMIMTI.
1330.
i.VUt /**'* ‘ Ibis present organization,
thi iJ aw- ■ , • Institution ban enjoyed the increas
ir. y ( .. r.Dij upjtort of an intelligent public. Ju
patr.i.A are of that clat-t whoso opinions on education
< !. ltto ■< ■ : the highest respect. Thn Institution
I IVI LI.M.BAL DEPARTMENTS!
I A (V ■ \!.i .DKPAKTMKNT, which embraces
• . • ‘.idy, including ail the branches
■ i .. ; ;.i i ry to make Young Ladies thorough
II AN AUADLfIfIC DEPARTMENT, in which pu
pi,. are prop* r / * reared for College, and a good La.dis
laid for thorough bolarahip.
Hi A Ml sic I)KPAHTMENT, with tried teachers,
~r; . • : .. la trueu non the Piano Forte, Gui
tar, Harp, P ■ rnioni im, Vl>lu, Piute, Ac Advanced
p op* Is are taught to c. on pose Miuie, if desired. Prof.
FlMff hit i* an tdmlrable comioser
i\ ,\N OKNA.M • .NTALDEPARTMENT, in which
pupil tr< tau t Painting in Oil and Water Color*, Ore-
inn :i nt.il Painting. Penciling, Monoch ro
ll,*. ■■ t,.g V/ ax Fru t and Flowers, Crape Work,
Mm'.r -h r-. • aj.er F ower , Roain Fruit, &*c.
V A bOMMS TIC DEPARTMENT, in which pup*D
are tau the el* -w nary and Practical Principles oi Do
Diestlc Allairs Ta . hours on every Tuesday, Thurs
day ai i atur ny will be devoted to this Department.
The tin!*- tSi 11 employed will not in the least interfere
with the uit-rary D'-partnent.
Th * - iilv College in Georgia giving attention to
this mom es* i-ntial part of Female Education.
Tru* Boa dos Instruction are thorough scholars and
e*peri‘*ieed teachers, three of whom gradual and with
honor at Mercer Ub vers ty
A BMNEVOLBNT INSTITUTION
this is, wheie. the daughters of Ministers of the Gospel of
modeth!c iiicaun.aro educated WITHOUT CHANGE
FOR lUI I’lON . - I-reoyer, worthy indigent orphans
and daughters of needy Ministers will be boarded from
Si to si per cent Umh than the mmal rates.
Pup D are here taught Economy. Extravagance is
not u :lowed Jewelry is not w rn, A pupil’s dressing
f ( ,r a year, ic and not cost more thau from S3O to SSO.
HOA If D OF TUUBTKKN.
Rev. ADIUIb SHERWOOD, D. D., Grit Yin, Prea’t.
Rev. NYLVANUS LANDRUM, Macon.
Rev ELIJAH J. I'ANNAL, Eoui viHc.
Rev WM. 0. WILKES. Forsyth
Hon GIN(LNNA PUS PEEPLES, Forsyth.
Hon JOH N T. CROWDER. Monroe county.
OoI.JAS s. PINCKARD Forsyth.
KDKN TAYLOR, Esq., Ooleparcbee.
DHL A INF PONDER, Eq, Forsyth.
JOSEPH J. CAR MIN, Esq , Ma on county.
DANIEL SANFORD, Esq., Forsyth, Secretary
CoI.JOH* T. BTEPHDNH, Forsyth.
GEO A. OABANISS, E 0., Treasurer.
FACULTY.
Rrv.WM C. WILKES, A M, Prosiriert
P of It T ANBURY, A. M.
Dr, GEO r WILBURN. A M
Prof WM. FIB HER. A M
Mrs MARY A WILKES.
Mrs KATE ASBI RY
M . >t RY A LA N!>
Mis JULIA A STANFORD.
M i. v KOXIE A CHAPPELL
Miss CARRIE y. LAND.
I’uit.. v Hn> ,o per year , Music, SSO ; Board
$lO pet mouth, xclu Ive of lights and wasUitg.
T*:i-Spring ’ti .a vv i begin on the 17t.h JANUARY.
For-fiirthor information., sddress auy member of the
a.ufN,.. * lu ’ l J,; 1Ll (j .WILKES. Prea’t.
• RICH Ait OT. ANBURY, Sec’y.
Forsyth, (V . Jan Ist, 1659 jans
DROPSY CURED!
r I’HK u . ter i>. i• and professes to cure Drop yof every
be seen P rs mily live miles
• i ‘ y . t to I in.) |
P. t i, <Hr. n* <•* uuty.G*. The m dlcine''an be sent
auvwtorrt I y rai r. ni. with directions for giving it, or I
vy ... ! :J per-onal . it requested, mid pa and for ir.y
tr. ’.* J will Ini n ? ce* iftth-tod w '*h Dropsy, or
i-ure them ast o ~woe- nitty pre er. Rum t me Tei.
Ln*Mrr ami I w ill t-*nd medicine enough for one month.
MILES G. BROOME.
.. . ; v .t. y that my father had a uegra man at
-11 ic! • th Ur in 1855 ; lie had been treatfd by
. j! , r. w i'hou* anv cure, when he applied
i.i M. <l. {... no for his remedy, which cured him. He
ktill living sud m good health.
11 OSAMflOit,
This i certify that I had a negro woman badly ai
ti.it vth I>r *y fr a considerable time. Bhe was
at • ! !‘ v s \ erai pin sicDns; tht-y failed to make .
CB re . h . ri fG J Broome,aftd put her under his
tu .it ;i. n\ ana .u less than a year she was t oroughly
cured a Llr psy. JAMES DaVANT
l e \t‘Ul. Da nihfi wtf
SOUTHERN WINE!
PUEMII M CAT A WUA!
ri in: • roll rtfoi nlailatitedl quantity of
I hi t c If St l T I'll ERN CAT VWr< V WINKS, of
very wupe : quality—v;• tage of l85('-'57. (Prices re
dined! * 5:0 pet doz-r for vintage of ‘s<, and $8 per
dozen i r > mtage ot ‘5? ) Put up iu boies cf oae dozen
each. u l-a v .hipped per Express or Freight train,
to any part of the country. Address (enc oeirg money,)
CHARLES *\XT.
iau2s-w2m O awfordvllle, Ga.
LOOK HERE.
Farmers, Planters anti Keepers of
HORSES.
Keep your Hoi sea in Good Condition..’
III.IMISIIS
GERMAI6 VEMLE ffISE PUB.
I 1 il 1C • xv.- l ordinary virtues of the celebrated GKR-
M VN HOUSE POWDER, are attested by thousands
who have u.t it \t is composed of Vegetable Roots
ami Herb*, and n highly recommended for the cure and
_ v - ♦ of ail those iiseasea to which that animal —the
L'... ‘1 (i c. ! a- Distemoer. Hide bound, Drowsi
” L • o. Inward xspra us. Yellow Water,
Fattiru* rov.. hard exerciseor work, Inflammation of the
A-..-, Deb. *\ \V.v::agof Ple-h Ac. It carries off all
hv.ni,';-•••.'to rever’ - h.r-c* froi i becoming stiff or
f.-antlered “untie-* and cools the blood, and improves
the rlrcnera i miitwm The constantly increasing de*
lto-', to *. ~, ,•. brated * HORSE MEDICINE > one
ot tbO'e mtu.N a • able proof* of its worth. la cases ot
H<u> so-.md. L >-> *>f Appetite, Drowsiness, Fatigue,
condition of tho Sk n . impart* a fine glossy coat of
Hair ;i> a universal C* udition Powder. Farmers and
Planters should not be v\ uhout this valuable Powder.
For sale, wholesale and retail, by
FISHER & IIEINITSH,
Columbia, S. C ,
PLUMB & LEITNER,
■Whi'U'SAle aad U.'tAil Druggists, Augusta, G*.
1 y
BANKS! BANKS! LANDS! LANDS!!
4 L ARGK *|Untity of the best Planting and Farm
ing LANDS n < uubem Georgia. *.nd elsewhere, in
Tracts ot CoO to 5i, 000 acres to*sait purchasers Also,
ten t. d.'tevu i agues of select Texas Laud?, with clear
tiOes n a.'v* iTeriugat very iow rates at the the Georgia
Land Offio*'. In Augusta.
Biis of the Augusta, Savannah, Athens, and the
Cha-.e .. r. ; Hamburg suspended Banks.wiP beta
ken ” ns v ; itn ta: nar va’ne Neg l >es wiilbe taken al
to, tad tka higlieat cash prices allowed.
r o rw V if,Totu oft* rming settlements, or making
sa*e tnv* . will ti *A.t to their interest tc call at
our O&hcv. Warren -**• A^^DAVISON.
Agent and Real Estate Broker
ortlT dlwAwt*
IMEKVIHIDV who ,tu>* good Horn's J**dCattl
t*, .- , S -•> _ u'.l . the AMERICAN
!TOOK JOI'RN AL. pnb> thed monthly at HO Fulton
S:rt, -Aorh. s’ 1 ier year. Specimen cores
gnsk— end arel ret one. .... .
“s
FOP SALE,
iw * , \ ‘ URF “ Pits LAND lying each side of the
t i)ij Go S JUnroad. wo miles above Berzins.;
l’Oac-e. n: si- b are in cit'ivatiou, the remainder well
l. t, ; i her,-s on the place a rood D- ire acd
outbn- -inc’ and a .pieedid Weil of water. I haTe ai&o
Oaf e Mules. Hogs and Plantation Tools, which
I will sell Vr.h the place. Address
H A. MERRY.
ia&3Swtf Berselta.Colnrebiacoaaty.Ga.
FOR SALE,
IOQ 1181’ LAND On the Land Is a fine
. O new H i- Kiuhen. smoke House. and other
out it i it sttna'-.dSOO yarcsfcma Masers I) poi. on
she Georgia Railroad. Oplo:Lorpeeoewiy—a good leca
t.on for -rebar i-tug P.>>essicagiv,n iir.i ediateiy.
Enqo:!. onto t.re:.-.< C. A. SPERRY,
fee i w<
PLANTATION FOR SALE
rpHE subscriber in offering for a’.e Ms PLANTA
X TION n Ciay county, lia, containing abort 730
acres—abotf 250 acres c.eared, good Dwelling, Gin
Uors- and Screw, a!; new. and lytngon the riser then
gor miles above Fort Get see.
f„. t w : JAVRS GRIER.
strayed or stolen,
1 ‘Roll the r* eidence of the snheeriber, two relies i
_T -roi Lircointon. on unday night, SJtb instant, a |
B>a-k HOHR . it!, b aie in tare, whi e bred fret, scar
on ramp, let now- in aukle behind, mans on left and
a.,out it years old. Any imo.reau.n wOl le th^nkredy
‘"reunion. G. March 34.1859. mW**
§25 REWARD.
RANAWA Y trore J H. ALFORD Angnsta. Ga,
a boy sbom >4 yesrs oid. £ teethigk nameo JOuh
SON, formerly Lfciocging to Thos Carr, near Athens
* 13T Athen* Bauar plea## copy and tend bill to tki*
§&SS
Cjjrimtcle & Rented.
[ From * ‘icliforuiu, Rrilifth C olumbia, Sand w Ich
Llnnri*, Cbiu<3, Mexico, Ac., Ac.
| We received yesterday by mail, fall file* of New
i Orleans papers from Tuesday to Saturday 26th,
bringing some interring details of news from va
rious quarters, men f ion of which was received by
telegraph some eight or nine Gays ago.
The steamship Quaker City arrived at New Or
eans oc Wednesday, March 22d, with later news
from California. Australia, China, Mexico, British
L--.umbia, Ate. We copy from ti.e Picayune .-
From Tehuantepec —The report? from the
Transit route are of a very favorable character.—
Ibe road has nearly dried up, and is traversable by
stages ail the way from the head waters of the
Coatzacoalpcea, on this side, to the Pacific, on the
other.
The company has also been successful in getting
additional stock Jrom Chiapa*-anu Oajaca, and the
road is cow well supplied with horses and males
The trau. portal ion department is in the most per
fect state of efficiency.
The work of removing the snags from the river
ako continues to be prosecuted with energy. But
few now remain in the main channel to impede
navigation.
From the railroad surveying parties a.so the re
ports are equally flaUering. In the first and third
divisions, on the Jaitepec river, anu in the moun
tain passes, the iinus now prove far more feasible
than at first expected.
The work of construction will first be commenced
oc the other bid*-, and their ground has already been
broken. Ihe ceremony took place on the 5h ir st,
and was wimeased by an immense concernse of
people.
From California —The Quaker Ciiy brings,
With a large imrnber of the regular
semi monthly Cniiiomia mail, from Ba;i Francisco
to the stb it.-t., two weeks later.
There wen much and wpleasure manifested hrough
oat ice btate at the deteat of the Pacific I< xilroad
bill, and the political papers take those W2<o were
instiomental in it severely to task
On the cou’rary, the admission of Oregon as a
State into the Union, has given grea r satis faction.
The mining operations continued prosperous
throughout the State, and genera! business was re
viving.
Provisions are in good demand, and prices have
an advancing tendency.
The total exports of treasure since the Ist Janu
ary now add up over $3,h00,0(X).
The San Francisco papers of the 23d, record the
death of Major Archibald Woods, formerly of Ken
tucky. and well known i.i New-Orieane.
Tue preparations for pursuing the war against the
Colorado incian.-ithe Msjaves ) continued to be
prosecuted with vigor, and additional troops had
been despatched thither.
Correspondence of the Picayune.
San Francisco, March 5, 1853.
Proposed New States. —Among the political
movements of the day it is proposed, not only to
lop oil the Southern hall of California to form anew
State out of it, but a plan (whether seriously or not
1 cannot auy) has just been started for converting
the northern portion, together w ith the southern por
tion of Oregon Territory, into a separate State,
Bed Kepudmcambm in California. — Last
week, a number ot the French Republicans of this
city celebrated the tenth anniversary of the revolu
ot February, 1818, by a banquet at the Restaurant
de France. The dining room wae decorated with a
larg • blood red banner of the French Repub.it*.—
The French are becoming a very powerful political
element in California. The Italians are about start
ing a weekly paper here.
The Chinese Question. —The Chinese question
begins to assume a serious aspect since the Supreme
Court lies decided that they cannot be piohibited
from entering the State as immigrants. The mi
ners have generally determined to drive them out
of the mines. In Shasta, far in the interior, there
have been a armiug riots and large number of
people have been, and are yet arrayed in hostile
at’itude. It looks as if bloodshed would come out
of it.
U. S Branch Mint. —The affairs of the Branch
Mint here have been exciting some attention. It
wua reported that the two Government Commis
sioners, who w-, re sent here to examine into the
manner of conducting that and other Federal insti
tutions, had reported jjross mismanagement and
abuses as existing in all the department of Cali
fornia, and that removals were to be made. It now
appears that a letter has been addressed to Mr.
Hempstead, Superintendent of the Mini here, by
James R ts Snowden, Director of the U. S. Mint,
in wi ich it id s.’aVd that the report of the Special
Commissioners “ shows that the operations of the
institution under h e charge are now. conducted in
a very satisfactory manner.”
Mining News.— The news from the mines is not
very encouraging. This is owing to the fact that
the snows have covered the working ground tern
poi ariiy in some of the best mining localities. But
with the return of good weather, the amount ol
gold will be aa great as ever. I was forcibly struck
the other day with the expression, ** California is
worked out,’ as boing a common one among those
who speak thoughtlessly on the subject. It is one
which nine tiimn out of ten, is improperly applied
in speaking of mining localities in California, and
also of the ifcally strict truth ot the saying, that the
people of our State have not began mining yet.—
i no truth i, the mines of this State will continue to
yield their $70,000,000 per annum for the next halt
u century ai least; and by tlm time the commerce
of Asia centreing here, will make the future pros
perity of California a matter beyond the mere local
question of the gold product.
Sandwich Island.?.— Fearful Volcanic Ervp
tton.—News from Honolulu hto the IlJth1 l Jth ult. The
famous volcano Manna Loa is again in a state of
eruption. The village of Waiuaualii. forty miles
disian on the sea coast, lias been overrun with the
lava, and destroyed. The inhabitants were aroused
at the midnight hour by the hissing and roaring of
the approaching tire, and had but juaf time to save
themselves. The crater ia from 500 to 800 feet
across its mouth. The lava is thrown up in con
tinuous columns, accompanied by a dense smoke, to
the heighth of 10,000 feet. For the first ten miles
from the crater the flow is divided into many
streams—perhaps as many as fifty—but lower
down it is confined to one or two principal streams,
with frequent branches to the right and left.
Later from China. —Renewal of the Chinese
War. —T ne Bremen ship Felix arrived here on the
i*9tii of February, from Hong Kong, with dat
from that place to the 10th of January. The Press
of that date thiuks that matters at Canton have
assumed a very alarming appearance. A week or
two before, a despatch from Pekin, addressed to
the he a sos the Canton war taction, was by
mean? intercepted by the allies, ll ran to the effect
that the braves were not to be disbanded, but held
iu readiut ss to act, inasmuch as it was not the Im
perial intention to carry out the treaty which had
been agreed to under compulsion. The P. adds :
On 7th January a very insolent message was re
ceived from the braves, which may be summed up
in the words,“come on!” The following day (the
8!h) the allies “came on” accordingly. General
Btraubenzee, with two brigadts, inarched out early
in the morning. These consisted of 1300 marines,
“00 French and M 0 natives (of India.) with a num
ber of bamboo ritiea to carry back any of the troops
who might become collapsed. Seven gun-boats
started at seven, or about half an hour aFerwards
under command of Capt. Colville, who took the
lead in the Staunch, the Forester whipping in. Our
dates only come down to the afternoon of the Bth.
An occasional gun had been heard in the direction
Shecktseug, but nothing to denote an engagement.
Sir Michael Seymour arrived up about 11 o’clock in
the morning, and immediately followed the gun
boats, so that unless Gen. Straubeczee should be
come panic stricken again, there cau be no fear
for the result.
The Chinese traders are of course rather alarmed.
They are of opinion, and no wonder, that the braves
can meet us in the field.
Bombardment of Nankin. —The press brings us
a full auil detailed a -oount of Lord Elgin's expedi
tiou up the Yaug- za-Kiang, the Mississippi oi
China. It will be remembered he took with him
thesteaui frigates Furious and Retribution, the
steam sloop Cruiser, aud gun-boats Lee and Doul.
Ou the ‘.'oth the expedition reached Nankin,
where long forticatione lined the west branch of
the river. Lord Elgin desired to avoid a collision,
and sent a gunboat iu advauee with a tiag of truce,
but the rebels fired on it, and the English vissel
then steamed past the town, under a heavy fire,
which they returned with interest. This was la e
in the atternoon. The Heel stopped not far above
the town, and the next morning the Britone went
back “to finish the affair one way or the other.”
A heavy bombardment was opened with shat,
shell aud rocket upon both the forts aud the city
The rebels returned the tile for ab >ut an hour at
the end of which time they were completely silenc
ed. The Chinese maintained aby no means despi
cable cannonade. The Furious got a dozen h-ivy
shot in her hull. Oulv one Englishman was k ilea
and two wounded. Not far above Nankin the Re
irihntiou had to stop, the river was not deep en
ough for her. The other steamers went on the great
city of Hankon, ti'lo miles from the mouth of the
river After spending a week at this city, where
they saw and beard many new and strange tk.nge,
they started back on tbe'l-lh December, but they
toutid ou their way down that the river had fallen
six or eight feet, aud the water was only ten feet
deep, so the result was that the Furious and the
Cruiser had to be left about 420 miles above the
mouth of the river. The crews stay on board.—
The over wil! rise in the spring. When Lord El
gin was passing Nankin on his way down, the reb
eis assured him that the English should thereafter
be allowed to come and go in peace.
It is reported that Admiral Seymour had applied,
to be relieved of thejpressn! command, and that
when Lord Elgin came down from the North, aud
mature at Canton wire settled, he would proceed
to India, previous to returning to England.
British Columbia—Distrcction or ah Ame
rican Vessel by Indians —Advice* from Victo
ria to the with u.t. by the steamship Northerner.
Sue brings intelligence of th capture and destruc
tion of the American
Hue son's Bay Indians. 1 his extraordinary event
took place on or about the Ist inst. The bri* had
eprurg aleak and was trying to make store in NiH
uat Sound, when the Indian*, to the number of 300,
came on board and about him in canoes, armed with
maaktts. bows, arrows, knives, &c. The captain
says in his statement.
When I let the
forced themselves into the cabin, &ad placed a
guard at the door with drawn knives to prevent
any or the brig s company trom going in. W ben
they passed t! e things out of the cabin, all of the
Indian? on aevkorew their knives and tomahawks,
auu made a rush tor the -'ails ari rigging and c. ti
me need to cut them to pieces ; all the brig*? com
pany etard rg together in the wa:?’. i told them to
shove the boa: overboard and jump into her for
their lives. When the boat struck the water we
*al jumped into te r . the Indian? etrikirg at us with
their kxrves ‘A e succeeded mreach ug the shore
and were made prisoners, and taken to one ot the
chief lodges, about eight mi.es from where the brig
lay The Indians held a course lof war ever us
until near midnight, some advoc&'icg very strong
ly to cut oft our head? I promised them if they
would let us go to Victoria to get a ship to come
aa.i Ed tie o*r*o on’ of the bn*, I would ot-ke
them a .-res’ many presents when I came back,
ahd we were Kit)? George mec. which go: the ma
jority in my favor. <Ttey kepi w ae aiavee for ten
dav=. with mwhing to eat but mtiec.e! ana
keeping guard over us every eight Many of them
wanten to cut o 2 our heads ; tut with my fair pro
mises to return with a ship, after keeping us -eu
davs they called a couDcii and sen! tor me. and to,d
me. throng- one of them that oouid speak a IttUe
iargon, that I eouid go in the morning by leaving
Ihree of my men, as we were ah c. us their slaves
I ‘old them I uor'd not get a ship back without 1
bad all of my men ; so after Lolding a oocnctl, they
said that we’ oouid all go. .
The shipwrecked sailors finally reached \ ictons
in safety. .
There is a rumor of another vessel having been
seized and similarly treatea by the Indians, out the
particulars bave not come to band.
Much excitement has been occasioned at Victoria
among the citizens of the United States, by the
authorises not permitting a public aareie to he giv
en by the American residens on 22d k'ebiuary, in
] honor of the anniversary of Washington s birth
| day.
From Mexico —Minat.tla.v, March 15. —8 y
this steamer I have no news of very great impor
tance from the ci vi! war in the interior to send yon.
By the overland mail last ev enirg, I received letters
from Vera Cruz saying there was nothing new, and
that Miramon was still in Orizaba-
By th* mail previous to the last we received the
I intelligence that a secion of 1500 of the forces of
* Miramon were defeated at the barracks of Jampa,
j by a party of the liberal loroes under the command
i of La L'jido, and that ninety were killed, forty taken
1 prise ners, together with two can Lon, four hundred
stand of arms and a lot of munitions.
I The fact is. that Miramon ’ack3 the necessary
means. He has no tent? to ehelter his troops under
during damp night air and hot sna of tne Tierra
Caiienti. for which ca~ae he hte been obliged to
halt at Orizaba I think he* will fail in his expe
dition against Vera Cruz, and that is the general
opinion here.
By last accounts, Degollado was preparing a
large force in Morelia to attack Mexico. My apin
eioa :3, that the day> of the church faction represent
ed by Miramoo, are cumbered.
EUROPEAN INTELLIGENCE.
BT THE NIAGARA.
The steamship Niagara, from Liverpool at 2 P.
M. of the 12th, arrived at Halifax at 1 P. M. of
Sunday the 27tbins!
Great Britain —ln the House of Commons on
the ich, the Government Bill partially abolishing
the Church rates by means of voluntary commu
tation, w&.i debated aLd finally rejected by 254 to
Oc the 10th, in the House of Lords the eubjtct
of the future Government of Singapore was de
based.
Minicterr announced that they would be guided
by the answer to the despatch they had recently
addressed to tbe Governor General of India.
In *he Commons sundry cot ices of amendments
to ‘ue Government Reform Bill were announced,
it ‘tiding one by Lord John R: aeil to the following
effect: That it is neither juet nor pofitic to interfere
in the manner proposed by the bill, wih the free
bo!d franchise in England and Wales and that no
adjustment of th? franchise wi!! satisfy the House
or he country, which does no* provide for a greater
extension of the right of suffrage in cities cr bo
roughs ♦iien is provided for in the bill.
Mr. Wilde said that Le should move an addition
to this amendment, to the effect that votes bo taken
by ballot.
Mr Disrael said the government was preparing
certain modifications to its bill.
L rd Bury called attention to the Newfoundland
Fisheries, anl moved for the papers showing the
construction j aced by the hrench authorities upon
the treaties, row regulating them, and the present
state of the negotiations.
Sir E B. Lytton said he could not enter into the
subject, beca se it involved some little danger, al
though he hoped it was susceptible of amicable ar
rangement. The French government had intima
ted the intention of enforcing their full rights under
the treaties, nd Her Majesty's government had
given couute notice, that they intended to enforce
their full righis, at the same time they proposed the
appoint ent if Commissioners to enquire in*o the
rig'/.a of th* two countries That proposal had
been accepted, and he had no fear that any collision
would occur, during the enquiry, among the fishing
vessels, as reps had been taken on both sides to
prevent it. tie hoped Lord Bury would consent to
wait for the Commissioners’ report.
Lord Bun withdrew his motion.
On the 11 h, the subject of piracy at Hcng Kong
and the conduct of the government officials in the
matter, was mooted ir. both Houses, and Ministers
promised investigations.
The Neap >litan exiles, who landed nt Cork, had
formally presented an address to the Mayor of
Cork, explanatory of their action. They say that
while on botrd the Neapolitan trigate, they protest
ed in vain against being taken to America, and ap
pealed to b* landed in Spain, or transferr and to the
David Stewart against their will. They drew up a
petition invoking the protection of the United
States lawp, praying the captain to steer for the
nearest English port, and threatening if he persist
ed in going to New York, they would accuse him
before the I iw courts for the violation of their liber
ty, but that in the meantime they would respect the
laws of the ship. On presenting this to the captain
he at first said he had pledged his word to take them
to America, and couiu not act against his interests.
On t lie following dav, however, tho captain recon
sidered his determination, and announced his in
tention of Peering for Cork. The exiles claim that
they respected the law aof the ship, and those of
courtesy to her commander. They then explained
that their shattered health and ihe desire to be as
near their native land as poesibie, were their rea
sons for net going to such a tine, free and civilized
country as America, and conclude by asking a gen
erous hospitality from Groat Britain.
The exiled were meeting with a warm welcome,
and their wants were liberally provided for.
The Times recommends a public subscription in
tbt-if favor, and says that in the whole history of
continental turmoils since 1815 there is not an in
stance to be found of men, who have suffered such
grievous wrongs, with hands so entirely clean.
Reform meetings, mostly in opposition to the
Ministerial measures, were being held in all parts
of England. The success or defeat of the govern
ment wae expected to turn on Lord John Russell’s
proposed amendment.
In the event of a defeat a dissolution of Parlia
ment was talked of.
It was reported that Lord Clyde would not re
turn Iron. India at present. .
Five of the prisoners, recently arrested iu Ireland
for connection with the Phoenix Club, were being
tried for .reason at Tralee. The Attorney-General
in opening the case, charged them with conspiring
with other persons to cubvert the Constitution of
U’O coun ry and establish in Ireland a Free Demo
cratlo Republic, lie showed that the conspiracy
was extensive and dangerous, and that aid in money
and m :: w r as expected from Franco as well as
America. The trial was progressing quietly. The
result ol it was not known when the steamer sailed.
The London Times in tue City Article again re
fers s o tue dtl'au ting States of the American Union,
and gives a resume of their respective positions, to
prevent, a.9 it .-ays, the public being deluded by the
conetau flourishes of their Governors.
The Times, in an editorial, says Mr. Buchanan’s
to Congress, asking power to employ the
Army and Navy for the protection of American
rights oa the lethu us and iu Mexico, thinks the
President has good grounds for his expostulations,
and endorses hri arguments, but points them against
Democratic institutions.
Ti e same journal, in its City Article, questions
the expediency of the promised subsidy to the Gal
way line, and bints that the Government's desire
for Irish votes may have had something to do with
it. It argues that is departing
from the principle which requires no contracts to be
made, except suoh as have been invited by public
tender, and that in subsidizing this line, they act
unfairly to old lines having no subsidy.
The funds on the Uth were weaker, on the 10th
firmer and higher on the 11th again weak,
but firm at the close.
France. —The recent pacific article in the Moni
tciir, and its effect, continued to attract attention.
The Nord distinctly asserts that as negotiations
are ponding, Napoleon consented to the insertion
of the articie in *he Moniteur to show his mnuera
tion, but that if the present difficulties are not
din cmatically solved, if Austria does uot yield, he
wil, not Bhriuk from the eonsiquencee.
The Paris correspondent of the Times describes
the note in the Moniteur on the armament as a wil
ful roil statement. It was, he says, submitted to
the Emperor at about, midnight of Friday. His
Majesty was informed that it was merely a repro
duction in substance of his speech from the throne,
and having read a few lints at the beginning and
the last paragraph he allowed it to pass. The note,
however, ambiguous as it wee, was inconsistent
with the hopes of a general war, and the position
of Prince Napoleon in the Cabinet became untena
ble. The prospects otthe war party so lat as
France is concerned do not look very bright, thanks
to Ihe force of public opinion and the spirit mani
fested abioad
Thi Daily News says the acceptance of Prince
Napoleon’s resignation is dlotated by temporary
considerations, aud will cot be followed by any
mate rial change in the ultimate aims of the policy
of the Frenoh Government.
The Duke de Malakoffwas on a visit to Paris.
The Globe's Paris correspondent says that the
reports of the effects of the war preparations on
French trade are greatly exaggerated, and that the
exports to Englaud, America, Belgium, and the
Brazils, continue undimiuisbed.
The London Times editorially remarks that every
appearauce within the last fevr days justifies the
anticipation of a complete change in the foreign
policy of the Emperor of the French.
The Moniteur publishes a decree promulgating an
additional article to theneatyof extradition be
tween France and the L'ni.-d States. The addi
tional article was signed at Washington last year,
and ratified on the 12th. It provides for the extra
dition of parties accused, whether as principals or
accessories of forging or putting iu circulation false
coins, paper money, or of maivereion of funds be
longing to a corporate body.
Tbe Three per Cents on the Paris Bourse on the
9th, under rumors of the complete success of Lord
Cowley’s mission, rose fiOft 10. On the following
day there was a strong reaction, and a decline of
three-quarters took place. On the 11th the market
opened flat and lower, but afterwards the threes
improved, closing at fr 68 15.
The Paris corresponds _t of the Herald, in a let
ter dateu Thursday evening, says, “The hopes of
peace to which the resignation of the head of the
war party gave rise, are daily melting away under
the influence of war articles which semi-official
journals are instructed to publish. Tuey steadily
repeat that uo change has taken place in the Em
peror's policy ; that grave difficulties stili exist be
tween France and Austria ; that the settlement of
the Italian question is necessary for the peace of
Europe, and that if it cannot be obtained by di
plomacy. other means will be resorted to.
The military preparations in France continue
with unabated activity.
Austria.— Lord Cowley left Vienna on the 10th
for Loudon. The success “of his mission was doubt-
ful
A telegram to the Times says that Lord Cowley
is‘ the bearer of a counter proposition, wbich it is
hoped wii> prove acceptable.
The Paris Constitutioncet publishes an article on
the armaments of Austria in Italy. It states that
the rffective force of the Austrian troop3 in Italy
has been increased from 50,0 Wto 180,000 men. It
then adds—“ The Austrian Army, it appears, i3 to
be put in readiness tor offensive movements in
case they should be wanted. The movement of the
troops to the frontiers for the purpose of concentra
ting tnetn there confirm these reports; besides a large
quantity of artillery, material has been despatched
to Pracenza during the last few days. Cannon of
large size have also arrived at Milan and Verona,
part provided with carriages for the purposes of
siege -nd part with carriages for the coast concen
tration of artillery. From this it must be infen-’d
that a veritable siege train is to be assembled at Pa
via which can have no other aim than the siege of
strong places in Piedmont.’
it is as-erted that the facts contained in this arti
cle came directly from the Sardinian Government
to the Xu'.ieties
The correspondent cf the Le Nord report:-the
success of Lord Cowley's mission acd says a basis
of arrangement, likely to be favorably received by
all the pc-weis, is decided upon.
The Frankfort Journs! publi-hes a eommumea
fioc from an Austrian Ambassador at London to
‘he British Cabinent. After expressing a desire to
unite with the British government in endeavoring
to save, if possible, the horrors cfa general con
flagration, it hopes to make its pacific intentions
perfectly clear, and remarks that it the Powers
could prevail on Piedmont to abandon her policy
of provocation, hopes for the tranquility of Italy
mav be entertained, liberty in Piedmont being li: -
tie less than license, and productive of the most
serious inconvenience to the neighboring Sta'es.
The despatch concludes as fo.iows : —“Austria
does not meditate any hostile project against Pied
mont. She wifi abstain, notwithstanding the just
complaint which she could bring forward, rrom ali
aggressive action to the same extent that the gov
ernment ofSar inia, on its side, will respect the
inviolability of the imperial Territory, and that of
its allowance your exceiieucy is authorised to give
this assurance to L-wa Malmesbury. The hlmprrcr
will draw the swerd only for the defence of his in
conteelibie rights, and tor maintaining treaties
w-.eh we consider equally with the British govern
ment as the only solid guarantee for good or evil.
The Vienna Bourse c.osed with a downward ten
dency, owing to the supposed insecurity of the Brit
ish Ministry.
Prussia. —In the Chamber of Deputies, tha Min
ister of Pmance stated that the law prohibiting the
exportation of horses over the Zoilverem frontier
had come in force.
The Minister of Foreign Affairs gave a descrip
tion of the present state of European affairs. The
following is an abstract of his speech: Tne Prus
sian Government doe not for a moment doubt
that it will be abie in concert with England to pro
cure due respect to existing treaties. Eng,and and
Prussia are In this favorable position that they are
to place themselves with impartiality between the
•uUgouuuo powers Austria and T ranee Cp to
AUGUSTA, GA., WEDNESDAY MORNING, APRIL (>, 1851).
j the present time there have been only moderate
; hopes of success, but grounds for hope are now re
* a’.ized. During the las: words the Chamber gave
j expression to its approval by lead and continued
I applause.
Sardinia— The Turin correspondent of the
j Her aid gays that the note in the Moaiteur has fallen
! like a thunder bolt on the Court and Mink try, and
the reeult of the pacific declarations of France may
• be to hasten a conflict witn Austria even stogie
handed.
The official Piedmontese Gazette contain* the
following : —The Austrian army in Italy having
been placed on a war footing, the King naa thought
it necessary to call in the contingents. Ue hopes
the country will receive with satisfaction these mea
sures. which are necessary for tne national indepen
dence ard honor of the country
Tne subscription to the National loan considera
bly exceeded the amount asked for.
The Piedmontese Gazette published a Royal de
cree prohibiting the exportation of forage and oats
via the Lombardy frontier.
Latest —The Turin correspondent of the London
Herald reports matters more hopelessly warlike
than ever. The King and his MtoL:eis want war
at any price.
The other correspondents cuncu r in stating that
neither the articles in the Moniteur, lot toe resigna
tion of Prince Vapoieon, have destroyed the hopes
or altered the expectations of the war party. The
necessary aggressive act they say may be found at
hand whenever wanted.
Russia.— The Grand Duke Constantine of Rus
sia, had met with a distinguished reception at Ma!
ta. The event is noticed as a significant cue, and
as being the first real interchange cf courtesies be
tween England and Russia since the termination of
the w ar.
Turkey.— The army of observation on the Danu
be is said to have been increased to 30,000.
It is said that the Porte claims the right of ap
pointing the Hospodar*, and that Sir H. Bnlwer
advises the Porte to grant this concession to the
Principalities.
China. —The China advices are to January 19th.
The British war vessels Furious and Cruiser, which
were left behind in the Elgin expedition in the
Y'aug-Tse-Kiang, had been enabled to get out,
owing to an unexpected rise in the river! Admiral
Seymour and the mariners of the flag-ship had gone
to Canton, and further operations were expected
against the braves.
Latest.
London, March 12.—The Daily News’ City Ar
ticle says that the decline on Friday was caused by
the depression in Paris. The fall in Consols during
the day was equal to | per cent. The Share Mar
ket wa- correspondingly depressed. In the Dis
count Market the demund is increasing, while the
supply (f money, owing partly to a large accumu
lation of government deposits in the Bank, has di
minished the lowest rate for choice bills to
per cent. Exchange oa Austria has again risen to
three per cent, owing to renewed distrust.
The Times’ City Article says the continued
chance on the results of Lord C <w ley’s mission sup
ported the market until the downward movement
in Paris was telegraphed, when a slight decline
took place. There wa j an increased demand in
the Discount Market and at the Bank to day.
The Earl of Shaftesbury writes to the Times urg
ing sjrne national expression in honor of the heroic
exiles landed at Queenstown.
From the N. Y. Evening Post of Saturday.
Wreck of a Brittsn Mati-of-Witr —Great Den
struciion of Life—Terrible Suffering!).
Mr. Samuel Dunbar, paesenger from Havaua on
the steamship Karnak, which arrived at this port at
one oclock this morning, has given our reporter the
details of a terrible shipwreck off the Coast of Ja
maica. It appears that the intelligence of the uu
aater had not been made public before the closing
of the mails for New York, but the news arrived
from a port on ihe south cf the island, a short time
before the sailing of the Karnak, and Mr. Dunbar
accidentally came into possession ot the main tacts,
and what we state rests solely upon his authority.
The British war steamer Jasseur, which was lying
at Jamaica, on the Ist inet., received orders to set
out immediately on a cruising voyage, and directly
sailed from tnat port. On the night ol the *lth inst.
she struck a hidden rock to the nor hward of Ja
maica. The pumps were immediately manned and
kept working until daylight, when it was discov
ered that the water was rapidly gaining, and that
it would bo impousibio to keep her up but a short
time.
Tne captain ordered a raft to be constructed and
to this were attached the two boats belonging to
the vessel, and the men, sixty in number, all went
aboard, with euc-h scanty provisions as they were
able to secure troin the eiuking wreck.
A heavy gale set in soon after the men took to
the raft, and they had rot been out above two
hours when ten men were swept overboard and
drowned. All efforts to rescue t:.em were hopeless,
the meu had ell they could do to prevent being
washed aw'ay alter them.
The captain seeing it was useless to cling longer
to the raft, took nineteen men with him in the
smalltr boat, and the mate the remaining twenty
nine iuto the larger one. It was considered useless
to attempt to keep together, and the captain said
they would each make the beet of their way to
land, without reference to each other. In a short
time the boats were separated by the wind, and the
larger boat, containing thirty men, has not been
heard of since, and it is oelieved to have been lost
with all on board.
The little provisions the men on tiie small boat
had taken with them were soon consumed, and the
wretched party wac subjected to the double .suffer
ing of cold and famine. At las', when all was com
pletely exhausted and perishing, the boat was
driven to a port on the southern coast of Cuba, and
the entire party suivived.
The government immediately rent out two ves
sels to cruise in search of the missing boat; but
their search has proved fruitless.
Wushineton Items.
Washington, March 27, 1859.—The Uni'ed
States and England having failed to come to auy
definite understanding regarding the right of search
or visit—our government declining to yield any
point, and the English government refusing to sub
mit any new plan—the French government Lave
stepped in and submitted a projet to the English
government which our government have adopted,
and which will probably settle the vexed question.
It ha3 not yet been made public. As soon as it is
arranged I shall send it to you.
Some curious things in regard to Sir W”!tom Gore
Ouseley’s operations in Central America will shortly
be made public, iu which it will ho shown that he
has bamboozled our government. \ distinguished
foreigner here not long stoce received alerter from
Sir William Gore Ouseley, in which he predicted
that the Caes-Yrisarri treaty would never receive
the sanction of the government of Nicaragua.
Negotiations are again active in regard to the
Union newspaper. No lees than four diffe r ent Presi
deutial cliques are trying to get possession of it.
The busiest man among them is George Sanders,
who 13 endeavoring to consolidate the States and
Union, with a view of controlling the Senate print
ing for the next Congress, &c. Whether it will be tha
organ of the administration cr of Russell, Majors &
Cos., the Utah contractors, is not yet known.
A number of Mr. Sickles’ friends left last evening
for New Yoik to took after his interests and to
counteract the movements of Mr. Key’s friends,
who are hunting np evidence against Mr. Sickles.
If the prosecution can ascertain that they can
make the poiDts against the accused which they
nave been toid they could, the District Attorney
intends to probe the matter to the bottom. The
parties who were despatched north for that purpose
have not yet returned, and until they ao, the prose
cution will not determine the course they intend to
pursue. Mr. Brady, Mr. Sickles’ counsel, is ex
pected here on Thursday to arrange the prelimina*
ries for the trial. —Gorrespondence N. Y. Herald.
The Crisis in Havana. —The New Orleans Pic
ayune says: “We cannot but think our neighbors
of Havsna are pursuing a very unwise course. —
Affairs would seem there to be approaching a crisis
quite as serious as that of 1857-8. Plautere and
holders refusing to accede to the evident demands
cf the market—the banks by no means liberal in
their accommodations—nearly 200,000 boxes of su
gar, i©presenting from three to four millions, in
store, and the new crop rapidly coming in—from
200 to 3UO sail lying idle in the harbor tor want of
freights which a little more accommodating and
conciliatory spirit would ensure them—the sickly
season fas’ approaching - notes as rapidly maturing
and everybody in the market for extension or addi
tional loans—this appears to have been the actual
state of things when the last steamer left. We sub
mit whether it would not be better in the long run,
for planters to yield a little, and thus save the ne
cessity of making fun her inroads upon their credit;
for holders also to yield something, thereby saving
storage fees and interest daily accruing; finally, for
the banks to give a lift to ail, and thus save losses
which, under the present state of things, mu3t in
evitably fall upon them, from all classes to whom
they have extended accommodations. ’’
The Wife Poisoning Case —The case of Ste
phens, charged with poisoning his wife, which has
occupied one of the New York Courts for nearly
three weeks, was closed on Saturday by a verdict
of guilty. The case is in some respects, a remark -
bleone, and * ill no doubt hereafter rank among
the causes celebres of criminal jurisprudence. The
charge was not brought against the prisoner until a
year after the death of his wife, and the evidence
of the poisoning rested principally upon the testi
mony of the chemists, who by a series of remarka
ble tests, detected ts e presence of a considerable
amount of arsenic in the remains
Paddy's Pig.—As a shadow to all these sunny
southern lights, I must here mention that I did
meet with a few extraordinarily mean men in Sid
ney. There was one, a merchant prince, who made
it a boast that he had never giveu away a shilling
in his life. So far as I know, he only departed from
his extreme selfishness on one occasion, and the
circumstances are worth relating. One morning a
poor Irishman stepped into hie counting-house, and,
looking the very picture ot misery, said, “Oh ! may
it please yer honor, I’ve lost a pig—the only pig I
had—and misthress , the governess, has given
me a pound, and sent me to you for another. She
says you have enough gold to build a sty wid, and
will be sure to give me a little.” At first old hard
fist refused ; upon which, Paddy threw himself on a
stool, and raised such a piteous wail that the mer
chant. thinking he was mad about the death of fc’.s
pig, gave him the pound to get quit of him. Next
day the proprietor of the defunct porker was psss
ing the warehouse, and seeing his benefactor at the
door, pulled hi? hat to him. “Well, did you get
drunk with that pound, or buy another pig ? asked
the rich mangrutfly. “Bought a pig, yer honor—a
darling litr e thing, wid a sweet twist in his tail,
like a lady’s curl. “Web, it's to be hoped you'll
take bet:er core of him than you did of the other.
What did he die of ?” “Die of ? Did you say die
of now Why get out wid ye, he was so lat I
killed him ! v —Southern Lights and Shadows : or,
Life rn Australia. By Frank Fowler.
Souther’ Manufactures.—We find it needful
to print this Southern Cit-zen. here in Washington,
spon Southern paper—from the Marietta paper
mills. Georgia. At first we tried al! the paper we
could think of, made nearer home ; but at iast
found that we conid supply ourselves with better
paper, acd cheaper, after paying fr ight from Ma
rietta to Charleston, from Caarleston to Baltimore
and from Baltimore to Washington, than any other
paper-maker could supply us. It is but right and
just to mention this fact. If Georgia can, even
cow. beat the world in paper, waat would she not
do it negroes were coming in freely from Africa ’
Southern Citizen.
Late advices from Porto Rico fr— the sub
joined ; Tne slaver before reoor* aetore on the
ooast of the island, had on boaiu, according to the
Gaceta Official, six hundred Africans, one siranued
near what is called Tunta de Candelero, a desert
shore. The disaster also rook place at night. As
sistance, however, came to them in the miming,
when, as would appear, the negroes were landed in
safety. They were taken to the capital, where
oacaroons were ereoted expresalv for them by orde.
of the government. They wih be distributed about
on various plantations of the isiand. The Gaceta
does not say that the captain committed suicide ;
but does say that the captain, boatswain, and seve
ral sailors died on the passage. Those still living,
twenty *even In number, were committed to the
royal prison. The Gaceta does not give the name
of the slaver, but we are given to heiieve she is a
total loss.
Sale of Grethocsds.—At a targe sale of grey
hounds in England, lately, Mr. .Moore paid l-oO
guineas for Black Eagle, by Bed Amite, out of Ma
I tilda; 80 guineas for Bess, sister to B.ack Eagle, and
17 guineas for a.red bitch by Bluster, out of Ma-
I tilda, l year oid. Several of the lot sold for half a
I guinea each
| From the Omaha Republican Extra, 12*4.
Reliable iDformation from the Guld .Mines.
: Oar worthy friends. Sam. Curtis and DL. Rich
ards. came m last night from the South P.at'.e
mir.es, the most reliable and satisfactory
■ information yet received.
i Mr. Cur.ie the son of Col. Curtis, member of
, Congress irom lowa We all know him here—he
b a trutLl’ri, mteliitrei.t and enteipriaing man. Mr.
Richards was formerly a member cf our City Council,
and his statements wi be indorsed by every citi
zen of this town. Mr. Cur.is has kiadiy furnished
us with the following statement, which is fully in
dorsed by Mr. Richards:
Omaha City, March 12, 1859.
Messrs Editors ;—Having to-day arrived from
the Xebraska ana Kansas gold mines, and finding
a great deal ot excitement prevalent throughout
the States with regard to that country, I have
thought that a short statement of the facts in the
case would be acceptable to your readers, and the
many persons thinking of emigrating t • that place.
At the time I left (16th of February) shere was
not a great deal dring in Ihe mines in the way of
digging, a small number of persons were at work
itb rockers, working from two to five hours a day,
as the weather would admit, and making from two
to five dollars per day, to my knowledge, and some
were making more.
The weather, though very pleasant for the season
of the year, would nut permit of running a sluice to
auy advantage. I feel very confident that miners
can make from three to eight dollar, pe- day with
rockers, daring the summer. Where water can be
obi aired to ru.i sluices, I feel confident that from
eight to twenty dollars per day cau be made.
troll has been found ou Cherry Creek, Dry Creek,
Piatte River, Vasque’s Fork Thompson s Fork,
Cache le Poudr , anu the Boiling Springs. 1 be
lieve thai the best diggings now known lie on the
first fuur of the above-named streams. They are
ail of ‘.hem branches of the South Platte, except
the Boiling Springs, which empties into the Ar
kansas.
Shot gold has been found in small particles on
St. Vrain’s Fork, and that is, 1 believe the only
place where it has been found in that country. I
have heard of no gold qualz being found, and think
that, up to the time of my leaving, none had been
discovered.
I do not know a single California miner who
thinks of returning at present, and but very few
who were at all dissatisfied, and even they will
wait to prospect in the mountains.
Every one feels confident that heavy gold will be
found in t e mountains during the spring or sum
mer, and it is the general opinion that the miners
will average six or eight dollars per day in the dig
gings now known.
There is no doubt in my mind that gold abounds
in sufficient quantities to pay well for digging, ami
laboring men can make more money than they can
in the States. Wages for day-labor were three
dollars at the time I left, and plenty es work to do.
I think a great many persons not accustomed to
work will come back dissatisfied, because too
many of that class go there; but whether they go
now or a year from now, that county is destined ta
be settled, and the better the routes are known, the
more certain they are to go the North Platte route.
Cam ion Mines.— Through the kindness of Mr.
James G. Rogers, the very gentlemanly Superin
tendent of the Canton Mines, we were enabled to
visit the works of the Company last week. The
main business now in progress is the sinking of a
new shaft, eight by eleven feet, lor the purpose of
striking the vein at its richest point. Should the
result meet the expectations of ihe Company, and
the character cf the vain be Buch as is anticipated,
the value of the mine will be fully established. It
is estimated, as we were informed by Mr. R., that
it will be necessary to sink the new shaft to the
depth of five hundred feet. This has been carried
already more than two hundred feet. Accompaiu
c and or rather preceded by Mr. Rogers, we descended
the laddei-3 of the new shaft, and found that the
miners, after passing through a hard rock of ninety
five feet in thickness, had very recently reached a
soft elute, iu which Mr. R. estimates that they would
be able to descend at the rate of about seventy
live feet a month. Mr. Rodgers handed us some
very handsome specimens of the ores from the old
shaft. He informed U3 that these ores, after grind
ing and washing to prepare for shipment, will com
mand $l6O a ton for the silver and iead which they
contain, taking no account of the copper. We
hope that the anticipations of the proprietors may
be fully realised and that the mines may ultimately
make lull leturns for the large amount of work and
heavy expenditures already bestowed upon them.
This will be determined, we suppose, by the degree
of success attained by the shaft now in progress.
The steam engine of 100 horse power used for rais
ing material excavated and clearing the shafts of
water, was made by Noble iV, Brothers, of Rome,
Georgia and performs its work remaikably well.—
Marietta Advocate.
Another Contemplated Foray against Cuba.
—The Courier des Eta:.- Unis claims to have posi
tive, though accidental information to the effect
that a secret filibustering organization has been
matured in this city, the object of which is the cap
tnra of Cuba. According to the information re
ceived by our contemporary, arms, ammunition
and funds have been provided, the latter chiefly in
this city, where also reside the chiefs of the expedi
tion and whence are issued all instructions and or
ders. Tha arms and ammunition, and generally the
materials for war, are stored in Soul hern cities.—
The scheme is said to be quite ripe, and the pro
moters of it only wait until their agents in Cuba
have prepared for the filibusters an easy access to
the island. The points of embarkation have been
agreed upon, and when final instructions are receiv
ed from the coveted isiand, the signal wiU be given
for the sailing of the expedition.
But for the facts that there were those among us
a few yeara ago who were foolitu enough to believe
that the Cubans were ready for revolt, and that a
few hundred Americans, undisciplined and unti Bill
ed, could turn the scale iu favor of the revolution
ists, and that that race of unwise men is possibly
not yet extinct, we should totally disbelieve the
information received by the Courierdes Efcats Unis.
Nor do we now fully credit it. Although our cotein
porary is positive that its information Is true and
genuine, we must believe that it has been imposed
upon
It seems incredible that any considerable num ■
her ot men with the light of history before them,
can entertain the idea that one thousand or five
thousand meu, without knowledge of the arts of
war, without miiUary training or discipline, without
experience in military 00-operation, and cut off
from ail supplies and munitions other than those
they take with them, can seize upon Cuba in the
face of its navy, its fortifications, its large, veil
disciplined and well supplied army, and its loyal
population. If the reported organization has intel
ligent chiefs, they must know that in sending such
aii expedition to Cuba, they are sending them the
same certain disaster and destruction that befelthe
Eopez expedition from the first hour of its landing.
The acts of the administration at Washington, the
language of its friends in Congress and oi its news
paper organs, make it anything but improbable
that the embarkation from our ports would be easy
enough, neutrality laws to the contrary notwith
standing. But they make it tolerably certain that
the Cuban authorities would have little care to
show forbearance to the invaders, but would very
summarily dispose of them. Filibustering in Cuba
would be’a marvellously different thing from filibus
tering in Nicaragua, a? any men who are foolish
enough to try the experiment would painfully dis
cover. — N. Y. Com. Adv.
Senator Wilson Waking Cp the wrong Cus
tomer — Springfield, March 24 —Eds of the Times:
A rich scene occurred in the cars between this
place and Palmer yesterday. Senator Wilson, of
this State, had been making a political speech the
previous evening, in Stafford, or Borne adjoining (
Connecticut town, and his burden, of course, was
“Kansas.” He was still full of “Kausas” in the
cars, and at last he mounted a quiet gentleman, .
who proved the worst sort of a customer for Wil
son. In reply to the Screecher’s eloquence on the
“wrongs ot Kansas,” this unknown gentleman sta
ted the following facts : That he himself happened
to be a resident of Kansas; had lived there a long
time; that he knew nearly all of the leading politi
cal characters who had figured in the history of that
State, and was conversant with the history of polit
ical movements there; that so far from the “agita
tion” being caused by Democrats, or Democratic
measures, he personally knew it to have been star
ted and kept alive, in nearly every case, by Black
Republicans, for political effect! He knew that
they openly talked this among themselves, and that
they were now boasting “that the Kansas agitation
was to be kept alive till the next Pieaidential elec
tion, and the Republicans were to elect their Presi
dent on the strength of it!” This he said he knew
from what he bad personally seen and heard ami ng
his own neighbors in Kansas, who were alt Black
Republicans. “Your talk about outrages in Kan
st-e. ‘ said the gentleman, “is all baaed on a mistake.
Nearly all the outrages I have seen or heard of
have been committed by fbembers of your own
party. Montgomery, I know well—he is a not very
distant neighbor of mine, and a greater rascal I
never saw!”
Senator Wilson wae covered with confusion, and
could only say that he did'nt want to go into any
discussion therein the cars!” The Etranger was
apparently a laboring man. QuiVine.
[Hartford Times.
CubaOncf More.—The Courrierdes Etats Unis,
which has long been a thorn in the side of the “fiii
bustering interest of New York and New Orleans,
has just unmasked anew and elaborate scheme for
the conquest of Cuba. Not content with awaiting
the action of that “law of attraction"’ by wbich, as
we have been somewhat oracularly assured, Cuba
“gravitates” towards the Continent, a number of
restless persona, relying, perhaps, on the desperate
estate ot the Administration, are now, it wouid ap
pear, busily organizing an expedition for the over
throw of the Spanish power in Cuba. The head
quarters ot this new association are in New York,
and, as we have reason to believe, not far from a
certain hotel which has become almost as famous
iu the pilitical world of America as Molland House
in the annals of British Liberalism, or the house of
the PrinoeES Lieven in the chronicles of Parisian
agitation. It comprises among its executive mem
bers divers well known heroes of wars that never
took piace, and revolutions that niver revolved.
Its financial centres are supposed to be formed in
the Southern cities, though it is just possible that
some of the means now lavishing on the prepara
tion of this coup d'etat have been fumiahed from
revenues raisea ia the ever-faitbfu! isle. The pro
jectors of the affair oount upon receiving, says the
Courrier, sooner or later, the suppert, _ either open
or secret, of the Government of the United States.—
-Ydf York Times.
Mob Law in lowa. — On Monday, the 17 th mst.,
as we learn from the Marietta (Iowa) Expre.s, a
company of men from the neighboring towu ot
Marshal! (both in Marshall county.) emerea the
place and carried c-ff three prominent citizens of
Marietta, who had recently oSciated as judges of
an election to decide the question of a eou-ty seat
n said county. Arrived at Marshall, one of the
prisoners. Judge Smith, was informed that there
was great danger of his being lynched unless he re
canvasned the returns, and declared Marshall to be
the winning town. After some further intimida
tion, Judge Smith made out the required certificate,
declaring Marshall the county seat. _ On the follow
ing nt-tming a train of wagons loaded with armed
men. followed by about forty persons on foot, with
muskets on their shoulders entered Marietta with
the intention of carryißg off the county records,
hoe., but they were met at the court house by the
citizens of Marietta and repulsed without bloodshed.
The next day the court house was guarded by about
tour hundred armed men, but no further attempt
was made to take the records.
Giving awat Her Hard.—The local editor of
the Petersburg Express, who is always well armed
with compliments for the sex, thus alludes to a
handsome j oung lady:
“It was reported some time =ince that Miss Manna
Haines Eutt had fallen a victim to the persuasions
of Hymen and was about to enter the household of
Col. He lea, ot Washington, a report which has sirce
proven without foundation. We Lave since learn
ed, however, from the very best author! y, that ’he
beautiful young authoress has given her hand to
the gallant and gifted young sculptor, Barbee. Her
elegant,) moulded arm has also fa.ien in the posses
sion of the young artist. That is to -ay, that by
the request of the fortunate autuor of the ‘Coquet te’
and Fisher Girl,’ Miss Butt has allowed him to
take a cast of her charming little hand and finely
rounded arm ’ Her heart, we are assured, remains
in statu quo, angltce ’in the living statue.’ “
The wife of Gen. Miramon, who has lately be
come President of Mexico, notified her husband—a
young man of 27 years—that be must fight his way
iDto the Presidential! chair, or she would uotjlive
with him.
Commerce of Grent Britain*
An official return of the exports of British pro
duce and manufactures in ISSS. has justbeeri issued
by the Board of Trade, some iuteresling points of
wbicD are given by'he London correspondent ot
the Philadelphia Inquirer. The entire estimate of
the export-: (es per Custom House) is jt 116,614,331,
being less than 1857 by £5,50U,000. The parts
of the world these goods were exported to, stands
thus :
British Colonies £40,224,994
CuitedStaies 14,510,616
Germany 12,753^655
South America 8,634,636
Holland 5,45b,423
France 4,561,558
Turkey 4,256,403
Russia 3,096,278
The commerce with the rest is in each case muoh
smaller. The United States takes more British
goods than any other foreign country. It may also
be mentioned that among the British Colonies, Aus
tralia took £10,464,198. India took goods valued
at £ 16,782,515, being five millions more than the
exports of the previous year, bo much for the sup
pression of the revolt, which, by tife way, never
reached the great ports of Bombay, Calcutta aud
Madras. Tbe consumption of wme and spirits in
England ha3 been on the decrease for the last three
years. The total importation of nines cf ail sorts
into the United Kingdom in 1858, amounted to 5,-
791,656 gallons, which, compared with that of the
previous year—lo 340,094 gallon.--—shows the large
decrease of 4,548,438 gallons; as compared with
1856, the decrease is 3,683,038 grllons ; and as com
pared with 1855, the derrea-e is 3,155,i1 gallons.
The total deliveries for home consumption of
I wines of aii sorts in the year 1858 were 6,697,146
gallons, which, compared wild the same deliveries
of 1857—7,044,636 gallons—present a decrease oi
347,490 the total deliveries for home con
sumption in 1857, compared with 1856, exhibit a
decrease of 320,864 gallons; while, oa the other
hand, the deliveries of wines of all sorts for home
consumption in the year 1856 show an increase
over these in 1855 of 695,706 gallons. With re
gard to spirits (including only rum, brandy, and ge
neva[ the quantity entered tor home consumption
in 1858, was 4.561,928, against 4,715,638 gallons in
1857, 4,986,078 iu 1856, and 4,775,666 iu 1855.
There is no getting at the consumption of home
made gin and whiskey—by far the moat popular
spirituous drinks used—especially in the large ci
ties.— Rich. Disp.
A Mystery.—Among the mysteries oflife is the
difference in the punishment which sceiety awatds
to male and fema e sinners. A notable illustration
of this was exhibited iu the finale of the tragic scene
at Washington. The man who sacrificed a wretched
woman at the ehriue of sensuality, is followed to hie
gra-e by a grand precession, anil Ins magnificent
Coffin decoi ated with garlands, lu the cold hand
ot the adulterer are placed flowers, emblematic of
10000600” and parity. The female partner of his
crime is universally deserted, and, if she should
die to morrow, would probably go to her grave
unattended, save by her immediate re'atives, aud
unmourned by auy one. White the week aud ir
ring creature is thus excluded from the pale of hu
man charity, the sympathies of an excellent and
sensible world are lavished on the husband, who,
with the full knowledge of the character of the
adulterer, aud with repeated warnings cf his
criminal designs, left his young and giddy wife to
his mercy, permitted hitn to be her escort to the
theatre and other publio places, and, as if by de
sign, threw temptation and opportunity inher’way.
The man, who is accused by the press of his own
city of being himself a veteran roue, aud of hav
ing himself been often guilty of the very crime for
which he killed Fkilip Barton Key, is lionized and
visited in prison, aud overwhelmed with demon
strations of respect, from the President to the tide
waiters, while ids wife ie made the scape-goat, and
upon her solitary head bleak the thuudeis of that
society which strews its flowers over the grave of
Key, and bedews with sympathetic tears the un
clean and bloody hand of Sickles.
It toay be that Mrs. Sickles is not deserving
much pity or forbearance ; but, at the worst, she
cannot be more debased thau the two criminals
who have received such tokens of special honor.—
Why should one of the guilty parties be caressed
and treated with respect, and the other despised
aud execrated 1 Yet, even in casts of acknowl
edged seductions of female innocence, where the
pure affections of some confiding and generrus
maiden are artfully convened into instruments of
her destruction, the immeasurable villain who
works her luin is taken by the hand by gallant
men and even by modest women, while the vic
tim who loved him with a love that was boundless
in its depth and self-sacrifice, aud whom he has
oast off as carelessly and more contemptuously
than he would a withered flower, ie exoouiinuuica
ted from society, avoided es a moral leper, thrown
down a bottomless abyss of scorn and shame,
where never again shall the sunshine of hope
visit her eyes, or a shooting voiea of passion console
her sorrows. Ths is one of the mysteries of file;
one of those amazing wrongs and iiiequabties which
cau neither be justified nor exphined.— Richmond
Dispatch.
New York Items.
Faix op Rain. —Mr. Meriiam writes that the
fa!i of rain at his place of observation, (to lib. 15m.
A. M. of March 25) during the present month, has
bean 6,85 100 inches, and the number of days on
which rain has fallen here this month, including this
day, count up twelve. In March, 1816, rain fell on
sixteen days, and in 1797,1819, 1844,1850,1853,
and 1857, on fourteen days. In the year 1821 and
1822 rain fall on but four days in the month of
March in each year ; it. 1793 and 1811 on but five
days in that month in each year, and in the years
1789,1802, 1812 and 1846 on but six days in the
month of March in each of these years.
During a period of-thirty two (32) years, the
least quantity of rain that fell here in the mouth of
March was eighty.thiee hundredths of an inch, in
the year 1832, and the largest quantity eight inches
and eight hundredths of an inch, in the month of
March, 1830. In the measure ol the fall of water,
the water from melted snow is included.
The rain ceased falling about noon yesterday.—
The afternoon and night were cloudy, and the
clouds continued this morning, with the wind West
erly and signs of clearing off.
Tun 14th Street Poisoning Case. —Yesterday,
testimony was taken in the case of Mrs. Beetham,
who died on Thursday from tire effects of poison, aH
is supposed, administered in her food on Wednesday
morning, at the boarding house, of which she was
proprietor, corner of 14th st. and 4th avenue. Coro
ner Schirmer held the inquest, which was adjourned
till Monday, to await the report of Dr Deremus,
who is making an analysis of the stomach and intes
tines of the deceased.
The testimony disclosed that Mrs. Beetham had
quarrelled with her servant, Margaret Burke, and
that Margaret had said there would be a some in
the house before long. She was arrested and is held j
for examination. O i Wednesday morning Mrs Bee- j
ibam, contrary to her usual custom, left the prepar- j
ation of the breakfast entirely to Margaret. Shortly ‘
after eating, Mrs. Beetham, with nearly all her board
ers, was taken with vomiting, burning sensation in
the throat and stomach, and other symptoms usually
attending poisoning by arsenic Several physicans
were called, who at once declared that the sickness
was the result of poison. Meantime the giri Marga
ret pretended also to be sick, but the testimony thuß
far indicates that her sickness was feigned. Two of
the boarders, Mr. Robinson and Mr. Caualajo, were
still sick yesterday, and it was doubtful whether
they could survive.
The Wholesale Poisoning in 14th Street—
De/th op Another Victim. —The Cononer was
notified this morning of the death of Mr. Robinson,
husband of one of the ladie3 who testified yesterday
before the Coronei’s jury. Mr. Robinson is the se
cond victim of the wholesale poisoning case at the
boarding-house No. 59 East 14th street. Deceased
was too ill to testify yesterday, and it was feared
then that he could not recover.
It is suggested that if any druggist 1 remembers
that he sold poison to a girl of Margaret liurke’s
description within the past few weeks, he should
see the Coroner, and endeavor to identify her. — N.
Y. Commercial of Saturday.
Courting on a Railroad Thirty Miles an
Hour !—The Cincinnati Gazette of the 19th, says :
An incident occurred on the Little Miami Railroad
yesterday morning, which outstrips, in point of
speed and enterprise, although in somewhat a dif
ferent field, the lightning express, ‘‘fifty cents a
mile,’’ special train achievement which attended
the delivery of the recent famous defalcation “re
port” in this city. The facts ate about thus: A
lady, somewhat passed that period of life which the
world would term “young,” although she might
differ with them, was on her way to this city, for
purposes connected with active industry. At a
point on the road, a traveler took the train who
happened to enter the car in which the young lady
occupied a seat. After walking up and down be
tween the seats, the gentleman found no unoccu
pied eeat, except the one half of that upon which
the lady had deposited her preciouß self and crino
line—the latter very modestly expansive. Making
a virtue of necessity—a “stand-ee” berth or a little
self-assurance—he modes'ly inquired if the lady
had a fellow traveller, and took a seat.
As the train fiew along with exprees speed, the
two strangers entered into a cozy conversation,
and mutual explanations. The gentleman was
pleased, and the iady certainly did not pout. After
other subjects had been discussed and worn thread
bare, the lady made inquiries as to the price of a
sewing-machine, and where such an article could
be purchased in the city. The gentleman ventured
the opinion that she had “better secure a husband
first.’’ This opened the way for another branch of
conversation, and the broken field was industrious
ly cultivated.
By the time the train arrived at the depot in this
city, the gentleman had proposed and been accept
ed, although the lady afterwards declared she re
garded it all as a good joke. The parties sepera
ted; the gentleman, all in good earnest, started for
a license, and the lady made her way to a boarding
house, on Broadway, above third Btreetfora din
ner. At 2 o'clock, the gentleman returned with a
license and a Justice, to the great astonishment of
the fair one, and after a few tears and half remon
strative expressions ebe submitted with becoming
modesty, and the Squire performed the little cere
mony in a twinkling.
Last evening the happy couple departed for
Louisville, en route for New Orleans and Califor
nia. If t his is not a fast country, a search war
rant would hardly succeed in finding one.
The Forced Loan in Mexico. —Miramon’s
forced loan of one per cent upon the capital of all
persons residing in Mexico, meets with g-eat op
position from the foreign residents. The American
Consul had protested aga’nst it, and a British mer
chant had been compelled to pay $1.5,000 immedia
tely before tne arrival of a British man-of-war in
the harbor. The commander at once demanding a
return of the money, under the alternative of a
bombardment, the money was returned. In San
Luis Pofosi it was openly and fairly acknowledged
to be a forced loan, and the force to be used to
compel compliance with the exactions is fifty
lashes! The loan will produce at least $10,000,000
in the whole country. Already the lorn: has been
made the subject of heavy speculation. Some
capitalists have bought it up ; and if Miramon gains
the day, they will assuredly make six to eight mil
lions oat of the business.
An Anti-Sickles Apfair.—A gentleman of high
social consideration, in Genoa, recently made the
discovery that his wife was unfaithful to him.-
Waiting his opportunity, he found the guilty pair
together, and politely showed them the way to the
street door, which he closed after them. He then
sent a servant for aD undertaker, ordered the ar
rangements for a funeral, sent out cards of invita
tion to his friends, and over the empty coffin per
formed to ceremony for a departed wife. This
over, he delivered the light burden to the hearse,
and once more addressed his friends, called fur their
congratulations upon the fact that he was now a
widower—upon which, opening the folding dootß,
he introduced them to a splendidly prepared feast.
The gayedes which tbos introduced his happy re
turn to “eicg'.e life” were prolonged till morning.
Facts aboct Cottc.v.—The quantity cf cotton
woo! consumed in 1850 by the chief cotton manu
facturers of the world was 795.000,000 IBs., more
than had of which wac used in Great Britain. The
total value ■ f the latter, when manufactured, has
been stated by Mr Henry Ashworth to be $307,-
400,000, of which only about one-third may be esti
mated as the value of the raw material—the cost cf
labor machinery, end profits being estimated at
about 1187,500,000. Ibe effect of a temporary ces
sation of the woeted supplies of cotton would be to
throw hundreds of thousands into beggary; and ail
the landed property in the north of England would
soon be swallowed up to maintain the population
thus thrown upon the poor rates for support.—
Scientific American.
Sipeech of Hon. J. J. C rittended, of Kentucky,
On the Acquisition of Cuba—Delivered inthe Sen
ate of the Untied Stale-, February 15, 1559.
The Senate having resumed the consideration of
the bill making appropriation to facilitate the ac
quisition of the Iriand of Cuba by negotiation—Mr.
Crittenden said:
Mr. President : 1 will, as plainly and briefly as
I can, state the views which I entertain in relation
to this important and interesting subject. The isl
and of Cuba has always been a subject of no little
anxiety and interest to this country. Lying imme
diately upon the borders of our great continent,
across the Gulf of Mexico, and at the mouth ot the
Mississippi river, it cannot be otherwise, in many
points of view, than a matter of great consequence
to us. It beloDgs, however, t. another. It is the
property of Spain by every title that nations recog
nize. it was among the first discoveries of her
great navigator, Coiumbus. There he livsd aud
there his remains repose. His life, his death, his
history, is a monument of her title. Desirable ss it
has been regarded to the country, our anxiety to
possess it has never blinded us to her rights. We
have acknowledged and we have declared, over and
over again, that, while it remains hers, we never
intend to question or disturb her in the possession.
Oar policy, in regard to it. has been as aistinoi as
any policy which this Government has avowed in
relation to auy subject whatever. We acknowledge
that it is Spain’s ; we acquiesce : u her possession :
but it is far more important and desirable to us than
it is even to her; and wo desire to acquire it. but
this we muff insist upon, that she sbali transfer it to
no one but ourselves, aud that we cannot, with a
due regard to our own lights and cur own interests,
suffer it to go into ths hands of another Power.—
Thai has been cor poi'ey We have avowed it
fairly and frankly before the world. We have
made known to Spain our wish to acquire it Wt
have, perhaps, cu more than one occasion, offered
to purchase the inland. These offers have all beon
unavailing. With the pride which character!? sd
that proud people, who remember their renown
when they have lost almost ai those imperial pos
sessions that gave that renown to them, they an
loth to part with anything that carries w’th it the
remembrance of the ancient days of their empire
aud their glory. They hold this island with Spanish
tenacity, and “we have not yet succeeded.
The President now informs us that the time has
come to renew our negotiations for the purchase.
He desires to obtain it “by honorable negotiate n.”
and he says, *‘we would not, if we could, acquire
Cuba in any other manner.” With this declara
tion, the President proposes to renew the negotia
tion. Sir, I have no objection to that. The Presi
dent wiil pursue on this eubjs'ct that oouise which
his own discretion and his wiedom, and the respon
sibility of iiis great office, may dictate to him. I
am content that he should. Independent of us,
independent of our legislation, the President has a
right to negotiate for this or any other object with
the Spanish Government. Ue has a right, founded
upon the Constitution, not derivable from us or
eoutrolable by us, now to negotiate; and if he can
obtain from her by negotiation, n cession of the
Island ol Cuba, there are tew here, I think, who will
not.be prepared to hail the acquisition with plea
sure.
Sir, I desiie to take my whole responsibility on
this great subject, and to express my opinions
thoroughly in regard to it. It is my duty to do so;
aud here among my brother counsellors to give my
counsel freely and independently, and on my re
sponsibility, before our common countrymen. I
say, let the President go on, if his judgment so dic
tates, in an attempt to negotiate for the acquisition
otCuba. lie will distinguish bis administration if
he can make a suitable and satisfactory treaty tor
its acquisition ; but for myself, I must confess I do
not look upon his success ad probable. I look upon
the time and the season in which he is making the
attempt, as the most tinpropitious that has occur
red, or that could easily occur, for success. Look,
for a moment, at the condition of Spain. Is she in
a mood, is she in circumstances to afford us any
promise that now is the time and the present Ad
minis'ration the Administration to w hich ehe is
williDgto make the sale ? When the nnnuuciatiou,
to which I have alluded, from the President, of his
intention to attempt the purchase of Cuba went
forth, to the world in the eaily part of December in
the President’s annual message wi at was the echo
that returned from ail the Spanish possessions to us
—I may say, almost, from all Europe—what was
the response ? In Cuba even, in provincial, down
trodden Cuba, the province of a despotism, Span
ish pride was oxcited.
The proposition in the message for the qse of mo
ney to accomplish it, aud the declaration of tire
purpose to all tre world, seemed to them to contain
something offensive. At least, according to my
information, it had the effect cf rallying almost
every man in the Island of Cuba in opposition to
our purchase. They were not to be melted out and
bought and sold in the market. That idea was of
fensive even to them, humiliated, oa they have been
by long subjection, to a heavy despotism. We
had not asked them whether they would be willing
to be sold; we had no information that tbey were
willing to be sold. It is assuming a good deal, to
suppose that a community so long established, oc
cupying such a delightful situation on the face of
the earth, rich, enlightened, I may eay prosperous,
are willing not only to be sold, but to submit to it
unasked and uninvited. This 1 presume to be the
reason which produced such a concurrence the e, in
opposition to, and in denunciation of the President’s
statement. But perhaps Cuba is of little conse
quence in such a negotiation ; she has no voice;
she is but a piovince ; the despotism of the mother
country’ has left her uo voice, has left her no coun
sel on the subject of her own destiny. How, than,
has the same message and the annunciation of our
purpose been received in Spain i The Government
ol the Queen of Spain have declared that they con
sider it an offence. Her ministers went before the
Cortes, the great Congress of that Country, and
were there immediately questioned on the subject:
“How do you intend to answer ihe Americam pro
position to buy of us the Island of Cuba ?” and all
agreed that it was to be regarded as an offence and
an indignity. This information we have since the
message was delivered. We know, then, that Spain
not only has not been conciliated at all by our diplo
macy, by our manner of approaching her on this
subject; “but, on the contrary, she is prepared so
oonsiner the President's men-age as an insult. It
the President could have known that his message
would have been thus received, would he have
thought il advisable to follow up this negotiation f
When some few years ago Mr. Marcy, then our
Secretary of State, was writing to Mr. Soule, our
Minister to Spain, in reference to this subject, he
said:
“ In the present aspect of the case, the President
doss not deem it proper to authorize yon to make
any proposition for the purchase of that island.—
There is now no hopes, os ha believes, that suoh a
proposition would ba favorably received ; and the
offer ot it might, and probably would, be attended
with injurious effects.’’
If the circumstances existing before Mr. Mercy,
and presented to his mii.d in 1853, when he penned
the instructions to Mr. Soule, indicated to him (oat
Spain would not sell, how much stronger are all the
circumstances now from which we may presume
the „ame thing 7 The President gives us no infor
mation from which we can indulge the hope of suc
cess he gives uu information but tl at which is com
mon in the politics of the world; he gives no single
fact, no single particle of information; he simply
says, we want Cuba; and the time has come when
he thinks the negotiation should be renewed. Why
does he think so 7 If there were any information
presented to instruct our judgment; if the Presi
dent had had any communication whatever with
the Spanish Government that justified the belief,
that she would sell or couid give us any assurance
from Spain, the case would be different; but she
•has always, heretofore, refused. There exists every
circumstance now that ever did exist at any former
time to suppose that she is not willing to part with
the island. In addition to all that formerly existed,
we have now the positive known fact that Spain
regards as an insult even the declaration made in
the message ol our President I presume we are
to regard this as authentic. We hear no contradic
tion. It comes by every channel of information
from Europe, and there is none to doubt it. Per
haps she lias been too sensitive on this subject; per
haps there was no occasion for her anger, or for
treating this subject in such an angry mood as she
has done. Ido not justify or vindicate that; I say
nothing about it; but I state tbe fact that, whether
or good or ill, she did become irritated at the very
aununciation contained in the President's message,
and declared that she would consider any intima
tion from us of a proposition to buy Cuba, if made
hereafter, as an insult. This is, in substance, the
declaration of the Spanish Government; not simply
of its ministry, but of its Cortes, the great national
legislative and political power of the country.
With this r nowledge on our part, if the President,
with or without this bill, should proceed to propose
to the Spanish Government, in the face of their
declaration that they will consider it an inßult,
how could they avoid considering that as an insu t
—a premeditated insult; an offense committed
against their avowed feeling on the subject ? The
President will find the negotiation a difficult task
under these circumstances. There will be tbe more
honor and the more glory to him, if, Irom all these
difficulties, he can derive success. Let him go on,
then; and I say God speed him in this negotiation;
and if he can get it on satisfactory terms, and save
us from the possible feuds and possible wars of
wbicb Cuba might otherwise become the cause
hereafter, let him take to himseif ai! the honor and
all the credit of it. Ido not believe that anything
can be done. I believe, as Mr. Marcy said in 1853,
to make this proposition and have it rejected will be
of injurious effect, and cast us further back from
the object at which we aim. Those instructions of
his are full of wise and cautious lessons to us. They
show the prudence, the skill, and the address of a
tatesman.
“Our object is to obtain the island by negotia
tion. Proceed cautiously. It you find it offensive,
make no proposition ; and so improbable does suc
cess appear to us new,” says he to Mr. Soule, “that
you are not authorized to make any proposition,
because evil consequences will follow from the pro
position made and rejected. Our diplomacy had
rather leave this subject open without any barrier
of that sort against our future attempts made at
more propitious times. We will seek favorable oc
casions in the thousand vicisitudea and even':
which affect the destiny and tue fate of nations;
we will find some opportunity when Spain will be
more easily conciliated—when circumstances will
favor our proposition; and we do not wish now, by
any premature and precipitate effort, to create any
difficulty hereafter.”
These are my views, and I say again, I snail not
be disappointed if the Pres dent is deceived in hie
expectations. Ido not believe that he can, at this
time, purchase Cuba. I think therefore, it would
be impolitic to give offence by making a proposi
tion which we foreknow will be rejected. If we do
foreknow; if, in our judgment, we can reasonably
anticipate it, and as surely anticipate it as we can
tbe future in any respect, would it not be an utter
want of prudent e, an utter want of wisdom, to
give voluntary offence to Spain by thrusting an in
suiting proposition, or what she considered an in
sulting proposition, upon her, and doing that in the
face of the world 7 For it seems to be thought
best to depart from the quiet ways of diplomacy,
and to make this subject cf negotiation one of puv
lie debate and public legislation. It gives a char
acter of more publicity, it gives a character of
more point, to tbe conduct which Spain has tak‘n
on this subject, and to that which we are to take. In
the face of the world, the Cortes and the ministry of
a proud, ancient nation, have said it will be an in
sult to ask taem to sell this portion of their empire,
and they will resent it as an insult. Even if they
said this not altogether in earnest, or if they said
this boastfully, can they, in the face of all Europe,
and within a few months, before the shoee they wore
have grown old, come down end trample on these
declarations 7 No, sir; no man, no nation, can
face that amount of shame, self contradiction, and
degradation, before the world. We cannot suc
ceed cow by honorable negotiation, because Spain
is utterly opposed, according to all calculations
of human conduct that can be made, to sell this
island.
I tnink we have reason futbermore to consider
this scheme as impracticable, at present, from tbe
foreign connections and alliances of Spain. We
have seen, and we know, the anxiety with which
the Governments of both England ard France have
regarded Cuba ; b w readily they have be*-o dis
posed to go to its relief and protection anu defence,
how they have proposed to this Government to
enter into a triparlate treaty wuh them. renounc
ing forever all pretentions to the Inland of Cuba,
and guarantying it forever to Spain. They have
shown a degree of solicitude |tkat leaves us but
iitt e ground to Lope that now, with their presen*
views of policy, they would encourage, or I might
almost say permit, Spain to ee Ito us tbir island.
Spain is in the hands of mighty auxilaries, alto
gether beyong ber power ; and the actions of her
Government are, to a great extent, we may sup
! pose, influenced by French and by English counsels,
i indeed, it was intimated by tbe honorable gentle
man from Louisiana (Mr. Benjamin) in tne re
marks which he so eloquently and instructively
VOL. LXXILI.—NEW SERIES VOL.XXIIL NO. 14.
| made a few days since, that it might be even now
I that Spain held the island rather as g trustee for
file use ot England thau in her own right, if so,
how can we expect Spaiu to transfer it without the
assent of England ? If France also has an interest
in it, and a control over the counsels of Spain, we
must anticipate her concurrence also before we can
indulge a reasonable hope of the acquisition of it at
his time. Let the President, however, go on. He
may understand all these difficulties far better
thau a do; or, understanding them as I do, he may
hope for some powerful influence and agenoy by
which he is to overcome all these difficulties, and
get the island. Be it so. I eay to hitn,‘go on;’ and
if you can acquire Cuba, do it, aud I will not be
hiudermosi in rendering yon praise and credit and
honor for it; you will have done something for
your country.
I think then, sir, that there never was a time, so
far as regards Spain, more unpmoitious to our
hopes of a succes.-ful negotiation. Now, let us look
a little at the question as it regards ourselves, and
see whether, in that respect, the time is peculiarly
favorable to our acquisition of this island.
I have observed irom all sides that it is anticipa
ted that we are to give a great price in money
The learned aud able report made by the honorable
Senator from Louisiana, (Mr. Slidell,) as the organ
of the Committee on Foreign Relations, inform? us
that about ten years ago, or more $100,000,000 was
offered, and Spam declided it. It is supposed, in
ihe same report, that there has been an increase of
value since that time, which might make the real
value now one hundred and twenty, or one hundred
and thirty, or one hundred and for.y million dollars.
One hundred and forty million dollars ie ou r bid
here among ourselves. Wfcat will wc give Spain
for it when wo go to bidding and get lairiy engaged
in making the bargain, with nothing to settle but
the price. Iu common conversation I hava bsard
$260,000,009 familiarly stated as the price to ba
given, and it is considered a good bargain at that.
It may be more; notveiy probably less.
000,000 is to ba the price sue will exact and we wil!
give; when ere we to pay it ? Are we now in the
most favorable financial condition for paying it ?
On account of our own little domestic difficulties,
w r have been obliged to go in debt to supply our
own koushold; to supply market money. We have
had to borrow, withm a year past, $40,000,000, and
are now under imminent neossity tor obtaining
more. So far as concerns our Treasury, then, it
renders a mounful sound when yon knock upon it
and e.sk for $200,000,000. A funeral response comes
forth; there is nothing there; it is all emptiness.
Look at your revenue. Does that come in any
suoh way aa to render you at all hopeful that, be
sides caying the expenses of the Government, it
will till up that vacancy ? No, sir; uot at all.—
Your Treasury is not only vacant, but your reve
nue is deficient, and your expenditures are increas
ing and likely to increase. Last year the expendi
tures were more than eighty-one million dollars ;
this year they will be $ 1(H),000,000, if we pay our
debts honestly. That is my estimate; that is what
I learn irom those who trouble themselves muoh
more about figures aud financial calculations than
I do. I see that the Secretary of the Treasury esti
mates for $71,000, 000. I see that in that estimate
the probable deficiencies in the Post Office Depart
ment—that vault which swallows up, and seems
still to swallow and swallow and never be filled—
are not included. They may be estimated at $6,-
000,000. Tnat, in addition to the $74,000,000 makes
$80,000,000. Then suppose you pay tbe $20,000,-
000 of Treasury notes which have been issued, aud
are payable on or before the 30th of June next, aud
you have $100,000,000 to pay this year, without in
cluding any appropriations which Congress may
make iu excess of the estimates. If the payment
of these $20,000,000 of Treasury notes be now post
poned, they must fall on another year. Ido not at
present, see when we can calculate upon having iu
tha Treasury a surplus in order to make this pur
chase.
I do not mean to say that in a proper cause, upon
a proper ocoasion, we could not produce whatever
any ex gency our country might require, in money
or iu men. We could do it, out it is a little more
convenient to do it at one time than at another;
aud I am only ii quiring to see whether this is the
auspicious and convenient time when we can most
readily and conveniently tqake prepar ition for the
payment of $200,000,000, or whether we are to have
it laeteued upon us, and fastened upon our posteri
ty for an interminable period of time, aud to pay a
stipend to Spain or her assignees of $10,000,000 a
year as the interest of this purcl ase money. Ido
not say it will become an everlasting obligation, for
nothing is so with ns; but it will come to be a fast
ened debt upon us of which no men can sea the
end. That is one point of view.
What is our condition in other respects 7 Are
there no other difficulties ? I admit that, if the
only difficulties in our way were the want of money,
and our mere transient nectaeitiee about revenue,
we could overcome them all. I do not underrate
our financial ability, or our spirit, or our enterprise.
I know my country, and I know that her energies
are almost unlimited. Ido not look,- however, with
any comfort, at a debt which is to staud at $200,-
000,000. Debt has an attractive power. One debt
of $200,000,000 will be a standing temptation to
more. 11, will become a uational interminable debt.
But this is not all! we have got troubles and diffi
culties all around. It was once the great polioy of
this government to preserve amity and the kind
est relations with all the States ol North and South
America ; aud we succeeded. A noble course of
policy it was. I was here when they were spring
ing iuto independence—emerging from that Spanish
despotism into which they had been immersed tor
so many ages. 1 remember the sensibility aud the
sympathy with which we all regarded the struggles
going on in South America: and, as a Kefcuckiau,
X remember with especial pride that it was the
trumpet-toned voice of Henry Olay that led on this
great subject of American policy aud American
eympathy. In South America, at that early day,
nothing was so much cherished; and the speeches
of Henry Clay in their behalf, proffering peace and
friendship and kindness to them, and encourage
ment iu their efforts, were read at the head of their
armies, and hailed with ehouls aud enthusiasm.—
They came into the world as free netions, as it were,
under our auspices; bailed, cheered ou, and en
couraged, by the voice of America. All their eyes
were turned on us ; we were an exemplar to them.
What has become of that feeling? Where is it,
you rulers of our people, where is it ? ‘ or how is it
that you have lost all these good feelings on their
part ? The good will of a whole continent is a
mighty fund of national strength; and we have
lost it. The nations of South America were stri
ving to establish such liberty as we had established;
striving to connect themselves witn us by all those
bonds which unite Republics, to take our stand
against the great European world, and the great
E-iropcan system. That was the object of this
policy.
At the close of the groat wars of Europe, when
Spaiu a ilicitsdassistance to resubjugate her South
American colonies, when their menacing reached
the ears of the ruieis of tnis country, whal was
done ? It was the mightiest question that had been
presented to tbe world in this century—whether
South America should be Europeanized and sass
under the Europe i.i system of government and
policy, or whether it should be Americanized ac
cording to the American system of republics. What
a mighty question was it! By kindness, by en
couragement, byoffeisof kindness and sympathy,
we won their hearts, aud *hey gave ns all* heir
sympathy; but cow, where has it gone ? Read the
last message of the President, and consider the
troubled siatioi our relations with these States
which it depicts. There is not a Slate where we
do uot find enemies, where our citizens are free
from violence where their property is not taken
from them. It seems that the persons and proper
ty of our citizens are exposed continually to daily
violence in every State es South Amerioa with
which we have relations. It is ao, too, in Mexico
and Gautemala and Costa Rica, and the various
States of Central America.
How has it been that this state of things has
been brought about ? How has it been that we
have lost that mighty acquisition—an acquisition,
not of territory, but an acquisition of the hearts of
men ; an acqueition of the hearts of nations, ready
to follow our lead; to stand by us in a common
cause, to fight the world, if it were neoessary ?
That great golden chain that bound freeman toge •
ther from one end of the North to the end of the
South American continent, has been broken in a
thousand pieces; and the message teUs ns the sad
tale that we are everywhere treated with enmity
and hostility, and that it is necessary for us to
avenge it. We are gathering up little accounts with
these nations ; we are making quarrels with them.
They have done some wrong; practiced some enmity
against our citizens ; taken some property that they
ought not to have taken, and, besides, we have
claims against them. From the Fejee Islands to
the Spanish throne, we have demands to be urged ;
and I think we are coming to a very summary pro
cess of collection, where no Congress is to sit to ex
amine into the casus belli, but a ship of war, better
than all the constables in the world, is to go around
collecting, from the cannibals and others, whatever
she is commissioned to say is due to us.
What peace can we have, what good will can we
have among men, if we are to depart trom the noble
course which governed onr forefathers, who had no
quarrels but those which they could make a fight
out of and ought to have made a fight out of, di
rectly and at once, and be done with them ? Do
all these little clouds or specks of war that darken
our horizon promise additional prosperity, of an in
crease of revenue to meet onr debts ? No, sir.—
If they portray anything they portray the contrary
—increasing expenditures; for however summary
your collections, however summarily you take ven
geance on other nations.it costs always, and it will
cost, a good deal. Fighting is an expensive luxury;
luxury it may be considered, but there is cost in it.
Now sir, wbat are we about to do ? In view of
all the enmitiee that surround us in South America
and in Central America, the Committee on Foreign
Relations have presented a little bill to meet the
emergencies of the care, and the causes of war are
so common that it would trouble Congress too much
to act and decide on them all; they must be struck
off the docket in a summary way, and judgment
must be executed immediately under the orders and
mandate of the President. Here is the title of the
bill: “A bill authorizing the President of the
United States to use the public forces of the United
States in the cases therein specified.” Allow me
to read the cases that are specified:
“Whereas the President of the United States, in
discharge of the duty imposed on him by the Con
stitution, from time to time to give to the Congress
information of the state of the Union, and recom
mend to their consideration such measures ash
shall judge necessary and expedient, has informed
Congress that, by reason of the distracted and re
volutionary condition of Mexico, of certain of the
States of Central America, and occasionally of these
in South America, as well the property ae the lives
and liberties of American citizens, peacefully and
wrightfully within theirr- spective limits, are subjec
ted to lawless violence or otherwise placed in peril
by those claiming to De in authority, and for re
dress where if negotiation and remonstrance in the
forms of diplomatic intercourse are attemp'ed in
vain: and it being n-anifest *o Congress that such
condition of things in the States aforesaid will con
tinue so long as government ia found there in the
unsettled and irresponsible condition, at present,
and at times heretofore, tolerated by their people;
and it being the indispensable du’y of the Govern
ment of the United States, to protect its citizens
again. t lawless violence without the limits of the
United States whenever found on lawful errand :
Therefore,
“Be it enacted by the Senate and House of
Representatives of the United States of America in
Congress assembled, That wbeuever it shall he
made to appear to the President that any oitizen
or citizens of the United States have been subject
ed. within the limits of ally of tbe States aforesaid,
and without commensurate offence on their part,
to any act of force, on the part of those claiming to
be in authority therein, afiectiDg the life or liberty
of such citizen or citizens, and the case, in the
opinion of the President, demands on bis part the
interposition hereafter provided, it shall be lawfal
for the President to use the land and naval forces
of the United States, or such part of them as he
may deem requisite, in such way as in his judgment
may be mc-.t effectual by force within the ouuntry
so offending to give full and adequate relief and
protection to any citizen or citizens of the United
S-at‘B so injured or imperiled, and at his discretion
to obtain redress for eny wroegr so done : Provided,
That the President shall report to Congress, (if in
session forthwith, or, if in recess, at its first meet
ing .hereafter.) whatever may be done by him at
dny time in execution of this act: Ana provided,
further, That uo bouU as the object shall be attain
ed in any case where the provisions f this act “hal l
be carried into execution, tho land and naval forces
so usod shall be withdrawn.”
Here, sir, we purpose to let the President make
war at bi3 discretion. The Constitution says the
Congrees of the United States shall have the pow
er to make war. Has any body else tbe power to
make war but we and tbe House of Representa
tives 7 Is rt a little inferior jurisdiction that we
chn transfer and delegate to others t Did the Con
stitution intend that the President should exercise
it? No; it gave it tons, and in tbe balance of
power just as muoh denied it to the President as it
gave it to us. We subvert to the whole system of
oar Government; the whole constitution frame
work of it is a wreck, if you take this most dan
gerous and most important of al! powers, and put
it in the hands olthe President of the United States.
Cau you abdicate this power which the people have
given you as their trustees! You cannot do it.—
I Does not this bill do ; t ?
’ To be sure, it will be observed that the right of
summary red“ess is limited to weak Stutes.
There seems to be soma saiing understanding
upon the part of the framers of this policy that it
would not be applicable to the large states. Some
trouble, some resistance, might be anticipated
from them ; but you can safely thunder it over the
heads of these poor little South American States,
you can make them tremble, you can settle the
accounts, and make them pay your own balances.
Sir, what sort of heroism is that for your country
and my c wintry, to triumph over the small and the
weak? The bill on which lam commenting does
not suppose that war is to reouire formal debate,
but proposes, whenever it shall be made to appear
to the President that an American citizen, in auy of
these countries has been the subject of violence or
depredation in his property, to allow the President,
at his ipse dixit, to make war. Unheard, unques
tioned, at ouco the will ot a single man is to let
loose the dogs of war against these email, weak na
tions. It is a violation of the sp rit of the Constitu
tion ; and, besides, there is a pettiness abokt it that
does not belong to our country. Surely it was in a
thoughtless moment that the President intimated
the neoessity of such a measure, or that it was
introduced into the Senate. There is nothing in it
that can stand investigation. It is not more un
congenial to the Constitut'on ofthaUnued chutes,
than it is, I trust, to the magnanimous character of
my countrymen, that they shou'd be willing to
hunt out the little and tha weak and chastise them,
and let the great go free or leave them to the ordi
nary solemn course of proceeding, by .reaty or by
congressional legislation. No, sir; -ar better is the
maxismof the old Roman —dcbel'aie superbos.
If the bill on which lam commenting should
pass, cau we expect - ’’ to be at peace ? According
to the message, every one of these Powers have
been gu-lty of outrages which are said to merit,
war, to deserve that sort of redress. They are the
daily habit; they are of almost continual occurrence.
Suppose the past is not to bs the subject of these
little Presidential wars; are we sate in the future?
That is not ail; we are now engaged in the task
of chastising one of the little South American
States. We passed at the last session a resolution
whose whole pith and substauco is expressed, I
believe, in about two lines, the full intent and
scope of which I verily confess I did not compre
hend at the time it was passed, authorizing the
President to exercise his discretion in taking pro
per means, by force or otherwise, to obtain redress
from Paraguay. We have to renew our geographi
cal knowledge to point out the places against which
we are now to direct our forces. The policy of the
Administration sserns to be to ssarch over the
weak nations of the American continent for little
causes of offense and quarrel. Our countrymeu
generally are the readiest men to strike that I ever
knew, and yet it seems a Yankee can no sooner
go traveling abroad than somebody imposes on bim
and cheats him, or strikes him, and he must come
to his Government and make a claim. If he was
struck, do yon not think, he struck back, and set
tled the aoeouut light off, atonce? I believe that it
is the Yankee, Mr. Hopkins, who ssys that Lopez
cheated him out ofsoine of his property in Paraguay
Bs that as it may, we have now ssnt out a fleet
consisting of, Ido not know how may vessels,
great and small, good and bad, some bought, and
some built; the greatest armada we ever sBUt
abroad, and to do what ? To fiud Lopez, the Para
guayan chief, who I have no idea is at all compsra
ble in ability, if he even is ill power, to John Rcss,
the Cherokee chieftain. But to this poor, little,
olsoure Power we are quite revengeful for an in
jury. It is said that in their inhumanity, or hostili
ty, they fired a gun at old ot our ships afld robbed
some property trom a Mr. Hopkins, who, it I un
derstand rightly, never had auy property. That i.
really about the history of that transaction, as I
understand it. We have sent an armada to cross
the oceau to ascend mighty rivers, with an army of
three thousand men on board the fleet, for the pur
pi se of taking satisfaction from Mr. Lopez, for the
Paraguayan wrong to Mr. Hopkins and to Capt.
Page.
AH this] may have been well and proper. lam
no more for submitting to insults than aro others .
but I think I might receive other insults that 1
would proser first to notice, 1 think our imperial
eagle, which is spoken of so eloquently, soaring
over our heads, and making her way to the skies,
need not have sent three thousand miles to punish
a petty dirty chief of Paraguay whose people, men
and women, hardly exceed Ilia limits of one of our
Indian tribes. Was it worth our while? We have
Bent a fleet, a spectacle to all the nations on every
side, to make our name terrible among the regions
of South Amerioa. Sir, formerly, it was our groai.
and glorious policy to make our name respeoted
and beloved. Now we Bail ten thousand miles to
avenge an insult, and make it notorious to all the
world. The cannon is to tell the world that the
American Republic is in a great passion at Para
guay. That is the way we are gel ring on, and un
der the bill of which I have spoken, we shall have
a dozen such little wars to amuse us, morning,
noon and evening.
Sir, that is no way to make that progresi which 1
trust my oountry iB to mako. I am for progress ,
yes, I am for all that progress which is consistent
witli conservatism, and I am for all that conserva
tism wnich is consistent with progress. Teat is my
-view; I am for proceeding wisely and slowly.-
Let “hasten slowly ” be our maxim of policy. 1
think it is not, an unwise one, though I have no
doubt it has something a little old fogyism about it.
In addition to all this, wfcat more mischief have
we to do in the world now? The President of the
United States in his message, suggests that we
shall seize two provinces of Mexico, Chihuahua and
Sonora; and there is no doubt, we are told, that;
Mexico will consider it a very friendly act. If
would be a little surprising to me if she did, for it
has not been ordinarily the oaee that a nation cou
uidered such action friendly. But we are to seize
these two provinces; for what impose. To defend
our frontier of Arizona against Indians and Mexi
cans, who come from the Mexican Bide! That is
the reason urged for it.
Now Mr. President, does it oocur to you that it is
absolutely necessary to go on the Mexican side to
prevent them trom invading Arizona ? Suppose
you were to place troops within our own holders,
on this side of Mexican line, would that not prevent
invasions of Arizona just as wall ? But we want
a little exercise to omploy the Army; we want them
in constant athletic exercise, prepared for war,
ready to defend the frontiers of Arizona, which is
said to be as utter a wilderness as the sun shines
upon within the limits of this continent. In all its
vast borders, th'-re are not more than ten thousand
people at the highest estimate, and eight thousand
of them, I believu. are included now within the ter
ritorial government of New Mexico.
Mr. Collamor. All of them; Arizona is all in
New Mexioo.
Mr. Crittenden. There are a few sparse settle
ments hundreds anil hundreds of miles apart, con
stituting what we call, poetically, Arizona. It is to
defend Arizona that you aro to take possession of
two romowhal populous Stales, old States in Mexico
—Chihuahua and Sonora. Nolhining could bo
more rash ; nothing could be a more heedless viola
tion of the rights of other neutralnations, tt. an that
we should undertake to seize upon a poitiou of the
teritcry of Mexico.
We are to set out upon all these works. The
President is to have power to make little wurs with
little nations ail around, and be is to seize Chihua
hua and Sonora to defend our wilderness of Arizona
from Mexico or Indian invasions. There are very
tew people there, if any; and as for the old com
mon law complaint for entering a man's close and
treading down his grass, if 1 understand it, there is
very little grass there, and a man might travel for
days and never trample down a spear. All this
sounds to my ears as most unwise and most improvi
dent. We ought not to be guilty of anythiug that
is little. If the great ambition ot the nation prompt
it to some violation of law or right, let it be for
something worthy; something that will tend to
accomplish empire, or something else worth incur
ring a hazzard for, and worth incurring at the time,
the censure and rebuke of the world ; no stealing
along the border ; no making of little unconstitu
tional, predatory, warfares; no seizure of other
people’s provinces, under pretence of defending
our own. We can defend every inch of ours in
other ways.
I must recur for a single instant to a branch of
the subject that I have left behind, and 1 must say
that I think our present President, with all his
ability and all his wi-dom, and the general concilia
tion of bis manner, is not exactly the best qualified
for this negotiation ; and I will tell you why. lam
afraid Spain will be particularly jealous of him.—
We remember, in the political history of this coun
try, that a few years ago a letter was published,
under the signature ot three of our foreign minis
ters, to the most distinguished Courte ot Europe,
of whom Mr. Buchanan wa~ one. I allude to the
Ostend letter, which was signed by Mr. Buchanan,
our Minuter to England, Mr. Mason, our Minister
to France, and Mr. Soule, our Minister to Spain.
Spain was supposed to take co. siderable offence at
the letter. It taught this doctrine ; that if Cuba, in
our judgment, was more important and valuable to
us than it was to Spain, and we offered Spain what
we thought was a fair price, and she refused to take
it, then there was a sort of intimation, that see ned
to be so evanescent and so sublime, that it was hid
a little in the cloads , but the result of it all, to
mortal ears and mortal appreciation, was —then
take it. Who knows hut that Spain may consider
this offer, thus publicly made against her avowed
will, as that tort ot diplomatic conclusion that we
mean to buy if she will sell, but, if she will cot, to
take the island ?
In my poor judgment, Mr. President, the time
never was so unpropitious as it is now to make
this purchase. We are proposing to buy what the
owner will not sell, and what we have not the mo
ney to pay for. We must go on credit for it. I
say again to the President, “Go on, sir; the ob
ject is worthy of your efforts; Ouy Cuba if you can.
If, against all the circumstances, which would seem
to repel every hope of success, you do succeed, the
more is your honor and tbe greater is your credit.”
The President has the power to negotiate indepen
dent of us; the Constitution gives him power to
appoint ministers and conduct negotiations; let him
exercise bis judgement upon the subject, he
stande responsible to the country. When he shall
have made a treaty, he must lay it before us, and
then we shall act upon our responsibility. I Bay to
him, “ Go on with a full, assurance that if you can
obtain the cession on fair terms, we will ratify your
treaty and comply with all the conditions of pay
ment.” This is ihe general course of all our nego
tiations. The President makes a treaty and we
ratify it; ami then the nation has the benefit aDd
assurance of tue independent action of each ot
these *wo responsible parties; its guarantees and
securities are noubie. I do not, in extraordinary
cases, however, take any exception to the Presi
dent’s preview'i conaultai ion with the Senate, but
I say the general rule is for Lire President to take
the whole of his own responsibility; to appoint his
minister and negot.ate his treaty; and wuen he has
done that, b 9 refeis it to the Senate, and they ad
vise and consent to its rati rcation, or rejection .
and this, I say, is the most advantageous course,
generally for the nation. All other modes are ex
ceptional. This is the general, safe, and constitu
tional rule; each to act separately and iudepend
ently, so as to give to the whole country the great
est possible assurance that these independent pow
ers, by their concurrent action, will guard the in
terests of the country.
I have cheered the President on, telling him can
didly the difficulties I found in the way, and ex
pressing my want of faith in his success at the pres
ent time; but I say to him, “Go on, sir, and tbe
more be your honor, if I have halted in this great
career; go on, and the more honor you will be en
titled to for yourself, if you succeed.” But the
President tells us further in his message:
“The publicity which has been given to our for
mer negotiations upon this sufject, and tbs !a r ge
appropriation whiob may be required to effeot the
purpose, render it expedient, before making another
attempt to renew the negotiation, that I should lay
the whole subject before Congrees. This is espe
cially nec Bgarv, os it may become indispensable to
success that I should be intrusted with the means
of making an advance to the Spanish Government
immeuiately after me signing of the treaty, without
waitijg the ratification of it by the Senate. lam
encouraged to make this suggestion by the example
cf Mr. .leffersou previous to the purchase of Loui
siana from France, and oy tba‘ of Mr. Polk in view
of the acquisition of territory from Mexico.
Thirty-million dollars is the sum which has been
settled upon as that which is indispensable to *he
President’s success ; and, in the language of the
bill, this is to enable him to make a treaty with
Spain, and tbe money is to be used alter tbe treaty
shall have been ratified by Spain and signed by the
representative of thia Government, without waiting
its ratification by the Senate. This is the money
[CONU.VDID ON SECOND fAOS,)